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Ben Selma W, Farouk A, Ban Z, Ferjeni M, Alsulami T, Ali H, Boukadida J. Thymus algeriensis essential oil: Phytochemical investigation, bactericidal activity, synergistic effect with colistin, molecular docking, and dynamics analysis against Gram-negative bacteria resistant to colistin. Heliyon 2024; 10:e38281. [PMID: 39386781 PMCID: PMC11461995 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing resistance prevalence to the last line of antibiotics, such as colistin, and the rising threat of multi-drug resistant bacteria, it is crucial to find alternative therapeutic options. The current study focuses on evaluating antibacterial activities alone and in combination with colistin of Thymus algeriensis essential oil (TA-EO) against colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1 gene. GC/MS was used to determine the chemical composition of TA-EO. Disc diffusion and microdilution techniques were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of TA-EO. Synergism between colistin and TA-EO was evaluated by checkerboard assay. The major compounds of TA-EO were docked with known enzymes involved in resistance to colistin, as well as the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan and amino acids. GC/MS revealed that TA-EO was of carvacrol chemotype (67.94 %). The TA-EO showed remarkable antibacterial activities against all Gram-negative bacterial strains, with the diameter of inhibition zones varied between 30 and 50 mm and a ratio MBC/MIC equal to 1 for the vast majority of bacterial isolates. Interestingly, the checkerboard showed synergism between TA-EO and colistin against colistin-resistant Escherichia coli co-harboring mcr-1 gene (FICI˂1) and reduced the MIC of colistin by 16- to 512-fold and those of TA-EO by 4- to 16-fold. The docking study demonstrated that carvacrol had high binding free energies against MCR-1, a phosphoethanolamine transferase extracellular domain, and its catalytic domain implicated in resistance to colistin, and undecaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase in complex with magnesium which is involved in bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis. The molecular dynamics study for 100-ns also revealed the stability of the MCR-1/carvacrol complex with a constant surface area over the simulation. These results support using carvacrol or TA-EO as a bactericidal agent, either alone or in combination with colistin, to treat infections caused by colistin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben Selma
- Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Markers Studying for Early Diagnosis and Follow-up of Neurological Diseases, Faculty of Medicine – Av. Ibn el Jazzar-4000, Sousse, LR18ES47, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Amr Farouk
- Flavor and Aroma Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Zhaojun Ban
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical and Biological Processing Technology of Farm Products, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Mohamed Ferjeni
- Laboratory of Biological and Genetic Markers Studying for Early Diagnosis and Follow-up of Neurological Diseases, Faculty of Medicine – Av. Ibn el Jazzar-4000, Sousse, LR18ES47, Tunisia
| | - Tawfiq Alsulami
- Food Science & Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem Ali
- Food Technology Department, National Research Center, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Jalel Boukadida
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Pal S, Chatterjee N, Sinha Roy S, Chattopadhyay B, Acharya K, Datta S, Dhar P. Valorization of oil refinery by-products: production of sophorolipids utilizing fatty acid distillates and their potential antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and antifungal activities. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:344. [PMID: 39384621 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024]
Abstract
Starmerella bombicola is a native yeast strain producing sophorolipids as secondary metabolites. This study explores the production, characterization, and biological activities of sophorolipids and investigates the antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and antifungal properties of sophorolipids produced from oil refinery wastes by the yeast Starmerella bombicola. The present work demonstrated that S. bombicola MTCC 1910 when grown in oil refinery wastes namely palm fatty acid distillates and soy fatty acid distillates enhanced the rate of sophorolipids production drastically in comparison to vegetable oil, sunflower oil used as hydrophobic feedstock. Sophorolipid yields were 18.14, 37.21, and 46.1 g/L with sunflower oil, palm, and soy fatty acid distillates respectively. The crude biosurfactants were characterized using TLC, FTIR, and HPLC revealing to be acetylated sophorolipids containing both the acidic and lactonic isomeric forms. The surface lowering and emulsifying properties of the sophorolipids from refinery wastes were significantly higher than the sunflower oil-derived sophorolipids. Also, all the sophorolipids exhibited strong antibacterial properties (minimum inhibitory concentrations were between 50 and 200 µg mL-1) against Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis and were validated with morphological analysis by Scanning electron microscopy. All the sophorolipids were potent biofilm inhibitors and eradicators (minimum biofilm inhibitory and eradication concentrations were between 12.5 to 1000 µg mL-1) for all the tested organisms. Furthermore, antifungal activities were also found to exhibit about 16-56% inhibition at 1 mg mL-1 for fungal mycelial growth. Therefore, this endeavour of sophorolipids production using palm and soy fatty acid distillates not only opens up a window for the bioconversion of industrial wastes into productive biosurfactants but also concludes that sophorolipids from oil refinery wastes are potent antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and antifungal agents, highlighting their potential in biotechnological and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srija Pal
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Alipore, Kolkata, 700027, West Bengal, India
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Rajabazar, Machuabazar, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Niloy Chatterjee
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Alipore, Kolkata, 700027, West Bengal, India
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700 098, West Bengal, India
| | - Sagnik Sinha Roy
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Brajadulal Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physics, Jadavpur University, 188, Raja S.C. Mallick Rd, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Krishnendu Acharya
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Rd, Ballygunge, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sriparna Datta
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Rajabazar, Machuabazar, Kolkata, 700009, West Bengal, India
| | - Pubali Dhar
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, 20B Judges Court Road, Alipore, Kolkata, 700027, West Bengal, India.
- Centre for Research in Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, University of Calcutta, JD 2, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700 098, West Bengal, India.
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Deventer AT, Stevens CE, Stewart A, Hobbs JK. Antibiotic tolerance among clinical isolates: mechanisms, detection, prevalence, and significance. Clin Microbiol Rev 2024:e0010624. [PMID: 39364999 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00106-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYAntibiotic treatment failures in the absence of resistance are not uncommon. Recently, attention has grown around the phenomenon of antibiotic tolerance, an underappreciated contributor to recalcitrant infections first detected in the 1970s. Tolerance describes the ability of a bacterial population to survive transient exposure to an otherwise lethal concentration of antibiotic without exhibiting resistance. With advances in genomics, we are gaining a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind tolerance, and several studies have sought to examine the clinical prevalence of tolerance. Attempts have also been made to assess the clinical significance of tolerance through in vivo infection models and prospective/retrospective clinical studies. Here, we review the data available on the molecular mechanisms, detection, prevalence, and clinical significance of genotypic tolerance that span ~50 years. We discuss the need for standardized methodology and interpretation criteria for tolerance detection and the impact that methodological inconsistencies have on our ability to accurately assess the scale of the problem. In terms of the clinical significance of tolerance, studies suggest that tolerance contributes to worse outcomes for patients (e.g., higher mortality, prolonged hospitalization), but historical data from animal models are varied. Furthermore, we lack the necessary information to effectively treat tolerant infections. Overall, while the tolerance field is gaining much-needed traction, the underlying clinical significance of tolerance that underpins all tolerance research is still far from clear and requires attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley T Deventer
- School of Biology, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E Stevens
- School of Biology, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Stewart
- School of Biology, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne K Hobbs
- School of Biology, Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom
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McCoubrey LE, Shen C, Mwasambu S, Favaron A, Sangfuang N, Thomaidou S, Orlu M, Globisch D, Basit AW. Characterising and preventing the gut microbiota's inactivation of trifluridine, a colorectal cancer drug. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 203:106922. [PMID: 39368784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 10/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome can metabolise hundreds of drugs, potentially affecting their bioavailability and pharmacological effect. As most gut bacteria reside in the colon, drugs that reach the colon in significant proportions may be most impacted by microbiome metabolism. In this study the anti-colorectal cancer drug trifluridine was used as a model drug for characterising metabolism by the colonic microbiota, identifying correlations between bacterial species and individuals' rates of microbiome drug inactivation, and developing strategies to prevent drug inactivation following targeted colonic delivery. High performance liquid chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution tandem mass spectrometry demonstrated trifluridine's variable and multi-route metabolism by the faecal microbiota sourced from six healthy humans. Here, four drug metabolites were linked to the microbiome for the first time. Metagenomic sequencing of the human microbiota samples revealed their composition, which facilitated prediction of individual donors' microbial trifluridine inactivation. Notably, the abundance of Clostridium perfringens strongly correlated with the extent of trifluridine inactivation by microbiota samples after 2 hours (R2 = 0.8966). Finally, several strategies were trialled for the prevention of microbial trifluridine metabolism. It was shown that uridine, a safe and well-tolerated molecule, significantly reduced the microbiota's metabolism of trifluridine by acting as a competitive enzyme inhibitor. Further, uridine was found to provide prebiotic effects. The findings in this study greatly expand knowledge on trifluridine's interactions with the gut microbiome and provide valuable insights for investigating the microbiome metabolism of other drugs. The results demonstrate how protection strategies could enhance the colonic stability of microbiome-sensitive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E McCoubrey
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Chenghao Shen
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Sydney Mwasambu
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alessia Favaron
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Nannapat Sangfuang
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Stavrina Thomaidou
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Mine Orlu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Department of Chemistry - BMC, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Abdul W Basit
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London, WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom.
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5
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Chan YL, Tang SN, Osman CP, Chee CF, Tay ST. Exploring naphthoquinone and anthraquinone derivatives as antibiotic adjuvants against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms: Synergistic effects of menadione. Microb Pathog 2024; 195:106886. [PMID: 39182855 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Given the ability of Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilms and produce persister cells, making infections difficult to treat with antibiotics alone, there is a pressing need for an effective antibiotic adjuvant to address this public health threat. In this study, a series of quinone derivatives were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S. aureus reference strains. Following analyses using broth microdilution, growth curve analysis, checkerboard assay, time-kill experiments, and confocal laser scanning microscopy, menadione was identified as a hit compound. Menadione exhibited a notable antibacterial profile (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC = 4-16 μg/ml; minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC = 256 μg/ml) against planktonic S. aureus and its biofilms (minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration, MBIC50 = 0.0625-0.25 μg/ml). When combined with oxacillin, erythromycin, and vancomycin, menadione exhibited a synergistic or additive effect against planktonic cells and biofilms of two S. aureus reference strains and six clinical isolates, highlighting its potential as a suitable adjuvant for further development against S. aureus biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Li Chan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo Nee Tang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Che Puteh Osman
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Fei Chee
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Sun Tee Tay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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6
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Zheng Y, Kan CH, Tsang TF, Liu Y, Liu T, Tsang MW, Lam LY, Yang X, Ma C. Discovery of Inhibitors Targeting Protein-Protein Interaction between Bacterial RNA Polymerase and NusG as Novel Antimicrobials. J Med Chem 2024; 67:16556-16575. [PMID: 39196895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP), the core enzyme responsible for bacterial transcription, requires the NusG factor for efficient transcription elongation and termination. As the primary binding site for NusG, the RNAP clamp-helix (CH) domain represents a potential protein-protein interaction (PPI) target for novel antimicrobial agent design and discovery. In this study, we designed a pharmacophore model based on the essential amino acids of the CH for binding to NusG, such as R270, R278, and R281 (Escherichia coli numbering), and identified a hit compound with mild antimicrobial activity. Subsequent rational design and synthesis of this hit compound led to improved antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) reduced from 128 to 1 μg/mL. Additional characterization of the antimicrobial activity, inhibitory activity against RNAP-NusG interaction, and cell-based transcription and fluorescent assays of the optimized compounds demonstrated their potential for further lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk Hei Kan
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Fung Tsang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yanpeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tiankuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Wai Tsang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Long Yin Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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7
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Amorim AS, Arnaut ZA, Mata AI, Pucelik B, Barzowska A, da Silva GJ, Pereira MM, Dąbrowski JM, Arnaut LG. Efficient and Selective, In Vitro and In Vivo, Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with a Dicationic Chlorin in Combination with KI. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:3368-3377. [PMID: 39150769 PMCID: PMC11406520 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Various cationic photosensitizers employed in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) have the ability to photoinactivate planktonic bacteria under conditions of low phototoxicity to mammalian cells and without generating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, the photoinactivation of biofilms requires orders-of-magnitude higher photosensitizer concentrations, which become toxic to host cells. Remarkably, the bactericidal effect of a dicationic di-imidazolyl chlorin toward planktonic S. aureus and E. coli was observed in this work for concentrations below 400 nM under illumination at 660 nm and below 50 μM for the corresponding biofilms. At the latter concentrations, the chlorin is phototoxic toward human keratinocyte cells. However, in the presence of 50 mM KI, bactericidal concentrations are reduced to less than 50 nM for planktonic bacteria and to less than 1 μM for biofilms. It is shown that the potentiation with KI involves the triiodide anion. This potentiation elicits a bactericidal effect without appreciable cytotoxicity to keratinocytes. It becomes possible to selectively inactivate biofilms with aPDT. An exploratory study treating mice with wounds infected with E. coli expressing GFP with 20 μM chlorin and 120 J cm-2 at 652 nm confirmed the potential of this chlorin to control localized infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita S Amorim
- CQC-IMS, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Zoe A Arnaut
- CQC-IMS, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Ana I Mata
- CQC-IMS, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | - Barbara Pucelik
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - Kraków Institute of Technology, Kraków 30-418, Poland
| | - Agata Barzowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - Kraków Institute of Technology, Kraków 30-418, Poland
| | - Gabriela J da Silva
- Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra and Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, Coimbra 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Mariette M Pereira
- CQC-IMS, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
| | | | - Luis G Arnaut
- CQC-IMS, Chemistry Department, University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-535, Portugal
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8
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Gil-Gil T, Berryhill BA, Manuel JA, Smith AP, McCall IC, Baquero F, Levin BR. The evolution of heteroresistance via small colony variants in Escherichia coli following long term exposure to bacteriostatic antibiotics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7936. [PMID: 39261449 PMCID: PMC11391013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52166-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, bacteriostatic antibiotics are agents able to arrest bacterial growth. Despite being traditionally viewed as unable to kill bacterial cells, when they are used clinically the outcome of these drugs is frequently as effective as when a bactericidal drug is used. We explore the dynamics of Escherichia coli after exposure to two ribosome-targeting bacteriostatic antibiotics, chloramphenicol and azithromycin, for thirty days. The results of our experiments provide evidence that bacteria exposed to these drugs replicate, evolve, and generate a sub-population of small colony variants (SCVs) which are resistant to multiple drugs. These SCVs contribute to the evolution of heteroresistance and rapidly revert to a susceptible state once the antibiotic is removed. Stated another way, exposure to bacteriostatic drugs selects for the evolution of heteroresistance in populations previously lacking this trait. More generally, our results question the definition of bacteriostasis as populations exposed to bacteriostatic drugs are replicating despite the lack of net growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gil-Gil
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Brandon A Berryhill
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Joshua A Manuel
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Andrew P Smith
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ingrid C McCall
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, and Centro de Investigación Médica en Red, Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruce R Levin
- Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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9
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Zhang C, Hu J, Wang H, Cheng H, Cao X, Sakamaki T, Li X. Sulfamethoxazole degradation in tri-electrode microbial electrochemical systems: Metabolomic and Metagenomic insights into organic pollution effects. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:122410. [PMID: 39244926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Organic pollutants can alter the physicochemical properties and microbial communities of water bodies. In water contaminated with organic pollutants, the unique extracellular electron transfer mechanisms that promote sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation in tri-electrode microbial electrochemical systems (TE-MES) may be impacted. To simulate biodegradable organic matter contamination, glucose (GLU) was added. Metagenomics and metabolomics were used to analyze changes in microbial community structure, metabolism, and function on the electrodes. GLU addition accelerated water quality deterioration, and enhanced SMX degradation. Microbial taxa on the electrodes experienced selective enrichment. Notably, methanogens and SMX-degrading bacteria were enriched, while denitrifying bacteria and antibiotic-resistant bacteria were suppressed. Enriched metabolites were linked to 15 metabolic pathways and other functions like microbial signaling and genetics. Non-redundant genes also clustered in metabolic pathways, aligning with metabolite enrichment results. Additional pathways involved life cycle processes and protein interactions. Enzymes related to carbon metabolism, particularly glycoside hydrolases, increased significantly, indicating a shift in carbon metabolism on microbial electrodes after GLU addition. The abundance of intracellular electron transfer enzymes rose, while outer membrane proteins decreased. This contrasts with the typical TE-MES mechanism where outer membrane proteins facilitate SMX degradation. The presence of organic pollution may shift SMX degradation from an extracellular electrochemical process to an intracellular metabolic process, possibly involving co-metabolism with simple organic compounds. This study provides mechanistic insights and theoretical guidance for using TE-MES with embedded microbial electrodes to treat antibiotic-contaminated water affected by organic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Jijing Hu
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Department of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China.
| | - Helai Cheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Xian Cao
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Takashi Sakamaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aoba Aramaki 6-6-06, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan.
| | - Xianning Li
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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10
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Thapa K, Julianingsih D, Tung CW, Phan A, Hashmi MA, Bleich K, Biswas D. Berry Pomace Extracts as a Natural Washing Aid to Mitigate Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli in Fresh Produce. Foods 2024; 13:2746. [PMID: 39272511 PMCID: PMC11394880 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) outbreaks have been frequently linked to the consumption of produce. Furthermore, produce grown on organic farms possess a higher risk, as the farmers avoid antibiotics and chemicals. This study sets out to evaluate the effectiveness of advanced postharvest disinfection processes using berry pomace extracts (BPEs) in reducing EHEC load in two common leafy greens, spinach and lettuce. Spinach and lettuce were inoculated with ~5 log CFU/leaf EHEC EDL-933 and then treated with three different concentrations of BPE (1, 1.5, and 2 gallic acid equivalent, GAE mg/mL) for increasing periods of time. After the wash, the bacteria were quantified. Changes in the relative expression of virulence genes and the genes involved in cell division and replication and response against stress/antibiotics were studied. We observed a significant reduction in EHEC EDL933, ranging from 0.5 to 1.6 log CFU/spinach leaf (p < 0.05) washed with BPE water. A similar trend of reduction, ranging from 0.3 to 1.3 log CFU/mL, was observed in pre-inoculated lettuce washed with BPE water. We also quantified the remaining bacterial population in the residual treatment solutions and found the survived bacterial cells (~3 log CFU/mL) were low despite repeated washing with the same solution. In addition, we evaluated the phenolic concentration in leftover BPE, which did not change significantly, even after multiple uses. Alterations in gene expression levels were observed, with downregulation ranging from 1 to 3 log folds in the genes responsible for the adhesion and virulence of EHEC EDL933 and significant upregulation of genes responsible for survival against stress. All other genes were upregulated, ranging from 2 to 7 log folds, with a dose-dependent decrease in expression. This finding shows the potential of BPE to be used for sanitation of fresh produce as a natural and sustainable approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Thapa
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Dita Julianingsih
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Chuan-Wei Tung
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Anna Phan
- Biological Sciences Program, Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Muhammad Abrar Hashmi
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Kayla Bleich
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Debabrata Biswas
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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11
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Zmerli O, Hodzic A, Bellali S, Azar E, Bou Khalil J. Early prediction of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of imipenem and doxycycline using tabletop scanning electron microscopy. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1431141. [PMID: 39268484 PMCID: PMC11390654 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1431141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Our work aims at establishing a proof-of-concept for a method that allows the early prediction of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of antibiotics on bacteria using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as compared to traditional culture-based methods. Methods We tested these effects using Imipenem (bactericidal) and Doxycycline (bacteriostatic) with several strains of sensitive and resistant Escherichia coli. We developed a SEM-based predictive score based on three main criteria: Bacterial Density, Morphology/Ultrastructure, and Viability. We determined the results for each of these criteria using SEM micrographs taken with the TM4000Plus II-Tabletop-SEM (Hitachi, Japan) following an optimized, rapid, and automated acquisition and analysis protocol. We compared our method with the traditional culture colony counting gold standard method and classic definitions of the two effects. Results Our method revealed total agreement with the CFU method and classic definition by visualizing the effect of the antibiotic at 60 minutes and 120 minutes using SEM. Discussion This early prediction allows a rapid and early identification of the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects as compared to culture that would take a minimum of 18 hours. This has several future applications in the development of SEM-automated assays coupled to machine learning models that identify the antibiotic effect and facilitate determination of bacterial susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Zmerli
- IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alma Hodzic
- IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | | | - Eid Azar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jacques Bou Khalil
- IHU - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, MEPHI, Marseille, France
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12
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Zieba A, Pindjakova D, Latocha M, Plonka-Czerw J, Kusmierz D, Cizek A, Jampilek J. Design, Synthesis, and Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities of Quinoline-5-Sulfonamides. Molecules 2024; 29:4044. [PMID: 39274892 PMCID: PMC11396667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29174044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of new unique acetylene derivatives of 8-hydroxy- and 8-methoxyquinoline- 5-sulfonamide 3a-f and 6a-f were prepared by reactions of 8-hydroxy- and 8-methoxyquinoline- 5-sulfonyl chlorides with acetylene derivatives of amine. A series of new hybrid systems containing quinoline and 1,2,3-triazole systems 7a-h were obtained by reactions of acetylene derivatives of quinoline-5-sulfonamide 6a-d with organic azides. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and HR-MS spectrometry. The obtained quinoline derivatives 3a-f and 6a-f and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives 7a-h were tested for their anticancer and antimicrobial activity. Human amelanotic melanoma cells (C-32), human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MDA-MB-231), and human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) were selected as tested cancer lines, while cytotoxicity was investigated on normal human dermal fibroblasts (HFF-1). All the compounds were also tested against reference strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and representatives of multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Only the acetylene derivatives of 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonamide 3a-f were shown to be biologically active, and 8-hydroxy-N-methyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)quinoline-5-sulfonamide (3c) showed the highest activity against all three cancer lines and MRSA isolates. Its efficacies were comparable to those of cisplatin/doxorubicin and oxacillin/ciprofloxacin. In the non-cancer HFF-1 line, the compound showed no toxicity up to an IC50 of 100 µM. In additional tests, compound 3c decreased the expression of H3, increased the transcriptional activity of cell cycle regulators (P53 and P21 proteins), and altered the expression of BCL-2 and BAX genes in all cancer lines. The unsubstituted phenolic group at position 8 of the quinoline is the key structural fragment necessary for biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Zieba
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jagiellonska 4, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dominika Pindjakova
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Malgorzata Latocha
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jednosci 9, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Justyna Plonka-Czerw
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jednosci 9, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Dariusz Kusmierz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jednosci 9, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Alois Cizek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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13
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Gil-Gil T, Berryhill BA, Manuel JA, Smith AP, McCall IC, Baquero F, Levin BR. The Evolution of Heteroresistance via Small Colony Variants in Escherichia coli Following Long Term Exposure to Bacteriostatic Antibiotics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.10.30.564761. [PMID: 37961139 PMCID: PMC10634941 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.30.564761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, bacteriostatic antibiotics are agents able to arrest bacterial growth. Despite being traditionally viewed as unable to kill bacterial cells, when they are used clinically the outcome of these drugs is frequently as effective as when a bactericidal drug is used. We explore the dynamics of Escherichia coli after exposure to two ribosome-targeting bacteriostatic antibiotics, chloramphenicol and azithromycin, for thirty days. The results of our experiments provide evidence that bacteria exposed to these drugs replicate, evolve, and generate a sub-population of small colony variants (SCVs) which are resistant to multiple drugs. These SCVs contribute to the evolution of heteroresistance and rapidly revert to a susceptible state once the antibiotic is removed. Stated another way, exposure to bacteriostatic drugs selects for the evolution of heteroresistance in populations previously lacking this trait. More generally, our results question the definition of bacteriostasis as populations exposed to bacteriostatic drugs are replicating despite the lack of net growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Gil-Gil
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Brandon A. Berryhill
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
- Program in Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Laney Graduate School, Emory University; Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Joshua A. Manuel
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Andrew P. Smith
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Ingrid C. McCall
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, and Centro de Investigación Médica en Red, Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP) Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruce R. Levin
- Department of Biology, Emory University; Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, USA
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14
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Ahrens M, Spörer M, Deppe H, Ritschl LM, Mela P. Bacterial reduction and temperature increase of titanium dental implant models treated with a 445 nm diode laser: an in vitro study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18053. [PMID: 39103382 PMCID: PMC11300767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
In this in vitro study, the use of a 445 nm diode laser was investigated for the decontamination of titanium dental implants. Different irradiation protocols and the effect of repetitive laser irradiation on temperature increase and decontamination efficacy were evaluated on titanium implant models. An automated setup was developed to realize a scanning procedure for a full surface irradiation to recapitulate a clinical treatment. Three irradiation parameter sets A (continuous wave, power 0.8 W, duty cycle (DC) 100%, and 5 s), B (pulsed mode, DC 50%, power 1.0 W, and 10 s), and C (pulsed mode, DC 10%, power 3.0 W, and 20 s) were used to treat the rods for up to ten consecutive scans. The resulting temperature increase was measured by a thermal imaging camera and the decontamination efficacy of the procedures was evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and correlated with the applied laser fluence. An implant's temperature increase of 10 °C was set as the limit accepted in literature to avoid thermal damage to the surrounding tissue in vivo. Repeated irradiation of the specimens resulted in a steady increase in temperature. Parameter sets A and B caused a temperature increase of 11.27 ± 0.81 °C and 9.90 ± 0.37 °C after five consecutive laser scans, respectively, while parameter set C resulted in a temperature increase of only 8.20 ± 0.53 °C after ten surface scans. The microbiological study showed that all irradiation parameter sets achieved a complete bacterial reduction (99.9999% or 6-log10) after ten consecutive scans, however only parameter set C did not exceed the temperature threshold. A 445 nm diode laser can be used to decontaminate dental titanium rods, and repeated laser irradiation of the contaminated areas increases the antimicrobial effect of the treatment; however, the correct choice of parameters is needed to provide adequate laser fluence while preventing an implant's temperature increase that could cause damage to the surrounding tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Ahrens
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Melanie Spörer
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Herbert Deppe
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucas M Ritschl
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, TUM School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Mela
- Chair of Medical Materials and Implants, Department of Mechanical Engineering, TUM School of Engineering and Design, Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering; Munich Institute of Integrated Materials, Energy and Process Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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15
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Okpala OE, Rondevaldova J, Osei-Owusu H, Kudera T, Kokoskova T, Kokoska L. Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus to Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with a Focus on the Combinatory Effect of Celecoxib with Oxacillin In Vitro. Molecules 2024; 29:3665. [PMID: 39125072 PMCID: PMC11314137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal infections (MIs) are among the most difficult-to-treat staphylococcal diseases due to antibiotic resistance. This has encouraged the development of innovative strategies, such as combination therapy, to combat MI. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antistaphylococcal activity of anti-inflammatory drugs and the combined antimicrobial effect of celecoxib and oxacillin. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 17 anti-inflammatory drugs against standard strains and clinical isolates of S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains (MRSAs), were determined using the broth microdilution method. The fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) were evaluated using checkerboard assays. Celecoxib produced the most potent antistaphylococcal effect against all tested strains (MICs ranging from 32 to 64 mg/L), followed by that of diacerein against MRSA3 and MRSA ATCC 33592 (MIC 64 mg/L). Several synergistic effects were observed against the tested S. aureus strains, including MRSA (FICI ranging from 0.087 to 0.471). The strongest synergistic interaction (FICI 0.087) was against MRSA ATCC 33592 at a celecoxib concentration of 2 mg/L, with a 19-fold oxacillin MIC reduction (from 512 to 26.888 mg/L). This is the first report on the combined antistaphylococcal effect of celecoxib and oxacillin. These findings suggest celecoxib and its combination with oxacillin as perspective agents for research focused on the development of novel therapies for MI caused by S. aureus. This study further indicates that celecoxib could resensitize certain MRSA strains, in some cases, to be susceptible to β-lactams (e.g., oxacillin) that were not previously tested. It is essential to mention that the in vitro concentrations of anti-inflammatory drugs are higher than those typically obtained in patients. Therefore, an alternative option for its administration could be the use of a drug delivery system for the controlled slow release from an implant at the infection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyedika Emmanuel Okpala
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Johana Rondevaldova
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Hayford Osei-Owusu
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
| | - Tomas Kudera
- Drift-Food Research Centre, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Tersia Kokoskova
- Department of Animal Science and Food Processing, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Kokoska
- Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (O.E.O.); (J.R.); (H.O.-O.)
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16
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Ben Selma W, Alibi S, Ferjeni M, Ghezal S, Gallala N, Belghouthi A, Gargouri A, Marzouk M, Boukadida J. Synergistic activity of Thymus capitatus essential oil and cefotaxime against ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:2936-2946. [PMID: 37952172 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2280149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the interaction between Tunisian Thymus capitatus essential oil (EO) and cefotaxime against Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae hospital strains. GC-MS revealed that the major component of EO was found to be carvacrol (69.28%). The EO exerts an advanced bactericidal effect against all strains. Synergy between EO and cefotaxime was obtained by combined disk diffusion and checkerboard techniques. Combined use of EO and cefotaxime reduced the MIC of imipenem by 8- to 128-fold for all strains (fractional inhibitory concentration index ˂ 0.5, synergy). The time kill curve assay confirmed the advanced activity of combinatory effects of EO and cefotaxime, with total reduce of bacterial number (CFU/mL) after 6 h of culture. Synergistic activity of the combination between EO and cefotaxime constitute an important strategy as therapeutical option to combat infections caused by ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid Ben Selma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of biological and genetic markers studying for early diagnosis and follow-up of neurological diseases (LR18ES47), Sousse, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Sana Alibi
- Research Unit Analysis and Process Applied to the Environment UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ferjeni
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of biological and genetic markers studying for early diagnosis and follow-up of neurological diseases (LR18ES47), Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Samira Ghezal
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Najla Gallala
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Amir Belghouthi
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- Biotechnology center of Sfax, Laboratory of Molecular biology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Manel Marzouk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of biological and genetic markers studying for early diagnosis and follow-up of neurological diseases (LR18ES47), Sousse, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jalel Boukadida
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of biological and genetic markers studying for early diagnosis and follow-up of neurological diseases (LR18ES47), Sousse, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Farhat Hached University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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17
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Nyhoegen C, Bonhoeffer S, Uecker H. The many dimensions of combination therapy: How to combine antibiotics to limit resistance evolution. Evol Appl 2024; 17:e13764. [PMID: 39100751 PMCID: PMC11297101 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In combination therapy, bacteria are challenged with two or more antibiotics simultaneously. Ideally, separate mutations are required to adapt to each of them, which is a priori expected to hinder the evolution of full resistance. Yet, the success of this strategy ultimately depends on how well the combination controls the growth of bacteria with and without resistance mutations. To design a combination treatment, we need to choose drugs and their doses and decide how many drugs get mixed. Which combinations are good? To answer this question, we set up a stochastic pharmacodynamic model and determine the probability to successfully eradicate a bacterial population. We consider bacteriostatic and two types of bactericidal drugs-those that kill independent of replication and those that kill during replication. To establish results for a null model, we consider non-interacting drugs and implement the two most common models for drug independence-Loewe additivity and Bliss independence. Our results show that combination therapy is almost always better in limiting the evolution of resistance than administering just one drug, even though we keep the total drug dose constant for a 'fair' comparison. Yet, exceptions exist for drugs with steep dose-response curves. Combining a bacteriostatic and a bactericidal drug which can kill non-replicating cells is particularly beneficial. Our results suggest that a 50:50 drug ratio-even if not always optimal-is usually a good and safe choice. Applying three or four drugs is beneficial for treatment of strains with large mutation rates but adding more drugs otherwise only provides a marginal benefit or even a disadvantage. By systematically addressing key elements of treatment design, our study provides a basis for future models which take further factors into account. It also highlights conceptual challenges with translating the traditional concepts of drug independence to the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Nyhoegen
- Research Group Stochastic Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Theoretical BiologyMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlonGermany
| | - Sebastian Bonhoeffer
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Integrative BiologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Hildegard Uecker
- Research Group Stochastic Evolutionary Dynamics, Department of Theoretical BiologyMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary BiologyPlonGermany
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18
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Motz RN, Kamyabi G, Nolan EM. Experimental methods for evaluating siderophore-antibiotic conjugates. Methods Enzymol 2024; 702:21-50. [PMID: 39155112 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Siderophore-antibiotic conjugates (SACs) are of past and current interest for delivering antibacterials into Gram-negative bacterial pathogens that express siderophore receptors. Studies of SACs are often multifaceted and involve chemical and biological approaches. Major goals are to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and uptake of novel SACs and use the resulting data to inform further mode-of-action studies and molecular design strategies. In this chapter, we describe four key methods that we apply when investigating the antimicrobial activity and uptake of novel SACs based on the siderophore enterobactin (Ent). These methods are based on approaches from the siderophore literature as well as established protocols for antimicrobial activity testing, and include assays for evaluating SAC antimicrobial activity, time-kill kinetics, siderophore competition, and bacterial cell uptake using 57Fe. These assays have served us well in characterizing our Ent-based conjugates and can be applied to study SACs that use other siderophores as targeting vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Motz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Ghazal Kamyabi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
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Ho CH, Yang TY, Tseng SP, Su PY. Antimicrobial efficacy and amino acid substitutions associated with susceptibility to the tellurium compound AS101 against Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae. Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00558-y. [PMID: 38987387 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The tellurite toxicity in Haemophilus influenzae and H. parainfluenzae remains unclear. To understand the potential of tellurite as a therapeutic option for these bacteria, we investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of AS101, a tellurium compound, against H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae and the molecular basis of their differences in AS101 susceptibility. Through broth microdilution, we examined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AS101 in 51 H. influenzae and 28 H. parainfluenzae isolates. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on the H. influenzae isolates to identify genetic variations associated with AS101 susceptibility. The MICs of AS101 were ≦ 4, 16-32, and ≧ 64 μg/mL in 9 (17.6%), 12 (23.5%), and 30 (58.8%) H. influenzae isolates, respectively, whereas ≦ 0.5 μg/mL in all H. parainfluenzae isolates, including multidrug-resistant isolates. Time-killing kinetic assay and scanning electron microscopy revealed the in vitro bactericidal activity of AS101 against H. parainfluenzae. Forty variations in nine tellurite resistance-related genes were associated with AS101 susceptibility. Logistic regression, receiver operator characteristic curve analysis, Venn diagram, and protein sequence alignment indicated that Val195Ile substitution in TerC, Ser93Gly in Gor (glutathione reductase), Pro44Ala/Ala50Pro in NapB (nitrate reductase), Val307Leu in TehA (tellurite resistance protein), Cys105Arg in CysK (cysteine synthase), and Thr364Ser in Csd (Cysteine desulfurase) were strongly associated with reduced AS101 susceptibility, whereas Ser155Pro in TehA with increased AS101 susceptibility. In conclusions, the antimicrobial efficacy of AS101 is high against H. parainfluenzae but low against H. influenzae. Genetic variations and corresponding protein changes relevant to AS101 non-susceptibility in H. influenzae were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Hsun Ho
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Ying Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, I-Shou University, No.8, Yida Road, Jiaosu Village, Yanchao District, Kaohsiung City, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Pin Tseng
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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20
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Kim HK, Park JH, Jang MJ, Han SJ, Cho YS, Park HH. Flexible and transparent nanohole-patterned films with antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 38953113 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00434e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we explore the development of a multi-functional surface designed to tackle the challenges posed by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), a common opportunistic pathogen. Infections caused by S. aureus during surgical procedures highlight the need for effective strategies to inhibit its adhesion, growth, and colonization, particularly on the surfaces of invasive medical devices. Until now, most existing research has focused on nanopillar structures (positive topographies). Uniform nanopillar arrays have been shown to control bacterial behavior based on the spacing between nanopillars. However, nanopillar structures are susceptible to external friction, impact, and force, making it challenging to maintain their antibacterial properties. Therefore, in this study, we investigate the antibacterial behavior of nanohole structures, which offer relatively superior mechanical robustness compared to nanopillars. Moreover, for applications in medical devices such as laparoscopes, there is a pressing need for surfaces that are not only transparent and flexible (or curved) but are also equipped with antibacterial properties. Our study introduces a scalable multi-functional surface that synergistically combines antibacterial and anti-fog properties. This is achieved by fabricating thin films with variously sized holes (ranging from 0.3 μm to 4 μm) using polyurethane acrylate (PUA). We assessed the activity of S. aureus on these surfaces and found that a 1 μm-diameter-hole pattern significantly reduced the presence of live S. aureus, without any detection of dead S. aureus. This bacteriostatic effect is attributed to the restricted proliferation due to the confined area provided by the hole pattern. However, the persistence of some live S. aureus on the surface necessitates further measures to minimize bacterial adhesion and enhance antibacterial effectiveness. To address this challenge, we coated the zwitterionic polymer 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) onto the nanohole pattern surface to reduce S. aureus adhesion. Moreover, in long-term experiments on surfaces, the MPC-coated effectively inhibited the colonization of S. aureus (18 h; 82%, 7 days; 83%, and 14 days; 68% antibacterial rate). By integrating PUA, MPC, and nanohole architectures into a single, flexible platform, we achieved a multi-functional surface catering to transparency, anti-fogging, and anti-biofouling requirements. This innovative approach marks a significant advancement in surface engineering, offering a versatile solution applicable in various fields, particularly in preventing S. aureus contamination in invasive medical devices like laparoscopes. The resultant surface, characterized by its transparency, flexibility, and antibacterial functionality, stands out as a promising candidate for mitigating S. aureus-related risks in medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyeong Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jun Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Ji Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sam Cho
- Division of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
- MECHABIO Group, Wonkwang University, 460 Ikandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ha Park
- Division of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wonkwang University, 460 Iksandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea.
- MECHABIO Group, Wonkwang University, 460 Ikandae-ro, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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Zhou X, Zhang J, Chen J, Wang L, Yu M, Sy SKB, Yang H. Metabolomics unveil key pathways underlying the synergistic activities of aztreonam and avibactam against multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:1393-1405. [PMID: 38722450 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-024-04837-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aztreonam/avibactam is effective against serious infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacterales harboring metallo-β-lactamases. While the utility of this combination has been established in vitro and in clinical trials, the purpose of this study is to enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanism responsible for their activities through metabolomic profiling of a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolate. METHODS Metabolomic analyses of time-dependent changes in endogenous bacterial metabolites in a clinical isolate of a multidrug-resistant E. coli treated with aztreonam and avibactam were performed. E. coli metabolomes were compared at 15 min, 1 h and 24 h following treatments with either avibactam (4 mg/L), aztreonam (4 mg/L), or aztreonam (4 mg/L) + avibactam (4 mg/L). RESULTS Drug treatment affected 326 metabolites with magnitude changes of at least 2-fold, most of which are involved primarily in peptidoglycan biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism, and lipid metabolism. The feedstocks for peptidoglycan synthesis were depleted by aztreonam/avibactam combination; a significant downstream increase in nucleotide metabolites and a release of lipids were observed at the three timepoints. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that the aztreonam/avibactam combination accelerates structural damage to the bacterial membrane structure and their actions were immediate and sustained compared to aztreonam or avibactam alone. By inhibiting the production of crucial cell wall precursors, the combination may have inflicted damages on bacterial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Jianqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266042, China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266042, China
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Mingming Yu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - Sherwin K B Sy
- Department of Statistics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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22
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Prerna, Chadha J, Khullar L, Mudgil U, Harjai K. A comprehensive review on the pharmacological prospects of Terpinen-4-ol: From nature to medicine and beyond. Fitoterapia 2024; 176:106051. [PMID: 38838826 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their extensive biological potential, essential oils (EOs) and their bioactive phytochemicals have gained attention from the scientific community. Within this domain, Terpinen-4-ol (T-4-ol), a bioactive monoterpene alcohol and the major constituent of tea tree oil (TTO), has made its way into translational research. Recent literature on T-4-ol strongly indicates its diverse pharmacological properties, including but not limited to antimicrobial, antivirulent, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and anti-cancer effects. Hence, this review is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of the sources, bioavailability, safety, pharmaceutical delivery systems, and multifaceted biological properties of T-4-ol, emphasizing its medicinal potential for widescale application. The antibacterial and antifungal effectiveness of T-4-ol has been discussed, encompassing its role in combating a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal pathogens. The review delves into the antivirulent prospects of T-4-ol, shedding light on its ability to attenuate virulence and mitigate bacterial pathogenesis. Scientific literature on the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of T-4-ol highlighting its role in neutralizing reactive oxygen species and modulating inflammatory pathways has also been collated. Furthermore, the review elaborates on the cardioprotective and anti-hypertensive properties of T-4-ol and augments literature on its anti-cancer mechanism against various cancer cell lines. The review also provides in-depth knowledge of the pharmaceutical formulations of T-4-ol and recent knowledge about its application in clinical/field trials. The exploration of these diverse attributes positions T-4-ol as a promising candidate for further research and therapeutic repurposing in various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jatin Chadha
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Lavanya Khullar
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Umang Mudgil
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kusum Harjai
- Department of Microbiology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Steyl SK, Jeyapalina S, Griffin A, Krishnamoorthi V, Beck JP, Agarwal J, Shea J. Efficacy of sintered Zinc-doped fluorapatite scaffold as an antimicrobial regenerative bone filler for dental applications. J Dent 2024; 146:105070. [PMID: 38740251 PMCID: PMC11180563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to assess whether zinc-doped fluorapatite (ZnFA) could serve as an effective antimicrobial dental bone filler for bone regeneration compared to autografts. METHODS FA and 2 % zinc-doped FA (2ZnFA) were synthesized and characterized in-house. Compressed and sintered FA and 2ZnFA disks were incubated with bacteria to assess antimicrobial properties. Adipose-derived stem cells were cultured on these discs to evaluate the surfaces' ability to support cell growth and promote osteogenic differentiation. Surfaces exhibiting the highest expressions of the bone markers osteopontin and osteocalcin were selected for an in vivo study in a rat mandibular defect model. Twenty rats were divided into 5 groups, equally, and a 5 mm surgical defect of the jaw was left untreated or filled with 2ZnFA, FA, autograft, or demineralized bone matrix (DBM). At 12 weeks, the defects and surrounding tissues were harvested and subjected to microCT and histological evaluations. RESULTS Standard techniques such as FTIR, ICP-MS, fluoride probe, and XRD revealed the sintered FA and ZnFA's chemical compositions and structures. Bacterial studies revealed no significant differences in surface bacterial adhesion properties between FA and 2ZnFA, but significantly fewer bacterial loads than control titanium discs (p < 0.05). Cell culture data confirmed that both surfaces could support cell growth and promote the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. MicroCT analysis confirmed statistical similarities in bone regeneration within FA, 2ZnFA, and autograft groups. CONCLUSION The data suggests that both FA and 2ZnFA could serve as alternatives to autograft materials, which are the current gold standard. Moreover, these bone fillers outperformed DBM, an allograft material commonly used as a dental bone void filler. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of FA or 2ZnFA for treating mandibular defects led to bone regeneration statistically similar to autograft repair and significantly outperformed the widely used dental bone filler, DBM. Additional translational research may confirm FA-based materials as superior substitutes for existing synthetic bone fillers, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha K Steyl
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sujee Jeyapalina
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Alec Griffin
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Vishnu Krishnamoorthi
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - James Peter Beck
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah School of Medicine, 590 Wakara Way Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Jay Agarwal
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Jill Shea
- Orthopaedic and Plastic Surgery Research Laboratory, George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA; Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, 30 North 1900 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, 36 S. Wasatch Drive, Rm. 3100. Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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Das T, Pandey S, Joseph J, Sheth J, Belenje A, Behera UC, Kapoor A, Pandya R, Dave VP. Antibiotic susceptibility in Endophthalmitis Management Study and intravitreal antibiotic practice trend in India-EMS Report #5. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2024; 262:2163-2169. [PMID: 38319381 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-024-06391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Analyze antibiotic susceptibility in the Endophthalmitis Management Study (EMS) and compare it with the current intravitreal antibiotic practice trend of members of the Vitreoretinal Society of India (VRSI) practicing in India. METHODS The microbiology work-up of undiluted vitreous included microscopy, culture-susceptibility, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and next-generation sequencing (NGS). VRSI members were invited to the survey. The EMS conventional culture-susceptibility (PCR and NGS excluded) results were compared vis-a-vis gram-positive cocci (GPC), gram-negative bacilli (GNB), and less commonly used antibiotics with the current recommended intravitreal antibiotics. p < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Culture and positivity (culture + PCR/NGS) positivity was 28.8% and 56.1%, respectively. GPC was most susceptible to cefazolin, linezolid, and vancomycin; GNB was most susceptible to amikacin, ceftazidime, colistin, and imipenem. There was no susceptibility difference between cefazolin and vancomycin (p = 0.999) and between ceftazidime and imipenem (p = 1.0). Colistin was superior to ceftazidime (p = 0.047) against GNB. The GNB resistant to amikacin (n = 14) were equally susceptible to ceftazidime and colistin; resistant to ceftazidime (n = 16) were susceptible to colistin; and resistant to colistin (n = 7) were susceptible to ceftazidime. The preference of VRSI members (n = 231) practicing in India was a vancomycin-ceftazidime combination (82%), vancomycin for GPC (94%), ceftazidime for GNB (61%), and voriconazole for fungi (74%). CONCLUSION In EMS, GPC had good susceptibility to vancomycin; GNB had good susceptibility to ceftazidime and colistin. Given the lower resistance of colistin, a vancomycin-colistin combination could be an alternative empiric treatment in post-cataract endophthalmitis in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taraprasad Das
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
| | - Suchita Pandey
- Jhaveri Microbiology Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Joveeta Joseph
- Jhaveri Microbiology Center, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jay Sheth
- Retina Service, Shantilal Shanghvi Eye Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Akash Belenje
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Umesh C Behera
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Aditya Kapoor
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Vijayawada, India
| | - Rudvij Pandya
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Vishakhapatnam, India
| | - Vivek Pravin Dave
- Anant Bajaj Retina Institute, Srimati Kanuri Santhamma Centre for Vitreoretinal Disease, L V Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
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Farhat G, Cheng L, Al-Dujaili EAS, Zubko M. Antimicrobial Potential of Pomegranate and Lemon Extracts Alone or in Combination with Antibiotics against Pathogens. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6943. [PMID: 39000051 PMCID: PMC11241309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance as a significant health challenge, research has emerged, focusing on elucidating the antimicrobial potential of polyphenol-rich extracts to reduce reliance on antibiotics. Previous studies explored the antifungal effects of extracts as potential alternatives to conventional therapeutic strategies. We aimed to assess the antibacterial and antifungal effects of standardised pomegranate extract (PE) and lemon extract (LE) using a range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and two yeast species. Additionally, we assessed the antimicrobial activities of common antibiotics (Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem, Gentamicin, and Ceftazidime), either alone or in combination with extracts, against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. PE displayed substantial antibacterial (primarily bactericidal) and antifungal effects against most pathogens, while LE exhibited antibacterial (mostly bacteriostatic) and antifungal properties to a lesser extent. When compared with antibiotics, PE showed a greater zone of inhibition (ZOI) than Ciprofloxacin and Ceftazidime (p < 0.01) and comparable ZOI to Gentamicin (p = 0.4) against Staphylococcus aureus. However, combinations of either PE or LE with antibiotics exhibited either neutral or antagonistic effects on antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. These findings contribute to the existing evidence regarding the antimicrobial effects of PE and LE. They add to the body of research suggesting that polyphenols exert both antagonistic and synergistic effects in antimicrobial activity. This highlights the importance of identifying optimal polyphenol concentrations that can enhance antibiotic activity and reduce antibiotic resistance. Further in vivo studies, starting with animal trials and progressing to human trials, may potentially lead to recommendation of these extracts for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Farhat
- Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BG, UK
| | - Lewis Cheng
- Faculty of Health and Education, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BG, UK
| | - Emad A S Al-Dujaili
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mikhajlo Zubko
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK
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Amábile-Cuevas CF, Lund-Zaina S. Non-Canonical Aspects of Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:565. [PMID: 38927231 PMCID: PMC11200725 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The understanding of antibiotic resistance, one of the major health threats of our time, is mostly based on dated and incomplete notions, especially in clinical contexts. The "canonical" mechanisms of action and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics, as well as the methods used to assess their activity upon bacteria, have not changed in decades; the same applies to the definition, acquisition, selective pressures, and drivers of resistance. As a consequence, the strategies to improve antibiotic usage and overcome resistance have ultimately failed. This review gathers most of the "non-canonical" notions on antibiotics and resistance: from the alternative mechanisms of action of antibiotics and the limitations of susceptibility testing to the wide variety of selective pressures, lateral gene transfer mechanisms, ubiquity, and societal factors maintaining resistance. Only by having a "big picture" view of the problem can adequate strategies to harness resistance be devised. These strategies must be global, addressing the many aspects that drive the increasing prevalence of resistant bacteria aside from the clinical use of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Lund-Zaina
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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27
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Akinwale AD, Parang K, Tiwari RK, Yamaki J. Mechanistic Study of Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Cyclic Amphipathic Peptide [R 4W 4] against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:555. [PMID: 38927221 PMCID: PMC11201061 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are being explored as a potential strategy to combat antibiotic resistance due to their ability to reduce susceptibility to antibiotics. This study explored whether the [R4W4] peptide mode of action is bacteriostatic or bactericidal using modified two-fold serial dilution and evaluating the synergism between gentamicin and [R4W4] against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by a checkered board assay. [R4W4] exhibited bactericidal activity against bacterial isolates (MBC/MIC ≤ 4), with a synergistic effect with gentamicin against E. coli (FICI = 0.3) but not against MRSA (FICI = 0.75). Moreover, we investigated the mechanism of action of [R4W4] against MRSA by applying biophysical assays to evaluate zeta potential, cytoplasmic membrane depolarization, and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) binding affinity. [R4W4] at a 16 mg/mL concentration stabilized the zeta potential of MRSA -31 ± 0.88 mV to -8.37 mV. Also, [R4W4] at 2 × MIC and 16 × MIC revealed a membrane perturbation process associated with concentration-dependent effects. Lastly, in the presence of BODIPY-TR-cadaverine (BC) fluorescence dyes, [R4W4] exhibited binding affinity to LTA comparable with melittin, the positive control. In addition, the antibacterial activity of [R4W4] against MRSA remained unchanged in the absence and presence of LTA, with an MIC of 8 µg/mL. Therefore, the [R4W4] mechanism of action is deemed bactericidal, involving interaction with bacterial cell membranes, causing concentration-dependent membrane perturbation. Additionally, after 30 serial passages, there was a modest increment of MRSA strains resistant to [R4W4] and a change in antibacterial effectiveness MIC [R4W4] and vancomycin by 8 and 4 folds with a slight change in Levofloxacin MIC 1 to 2 µg/mL. These data suggest that [R4W4] warrants further consideration as a potential AMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajayi David Akinwale
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA (K.P.)
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific–Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR 97355, USA
| | - Jason Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
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Salpadoru T, Pinks KE, Lieberman JA, Cotton K, Wozniak KL, Gerasimchuk N, Patrauchan MA. Novel antimony-based antimicrobial drug targets membranes of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0423423. [PMID: 38651882 PMCID: PMC11237720 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04234-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant worldwide public health crisis that continues to threaten our ability to successfully treat bacterial infections. With the decline in effectiveness of conventional antimicrobial therapies and the lack of new antibiotic pipelines, there is a renewed interest in exploring the potential of metal-based antimicrobial compounds. Antimony-based compounds with a long history of use in medicine have re-emerged as potential antimicrobial agents. We previously synthesized a series of novel organoantimony(V) compounds complexed with cyanoximates with a strong potential of antimicrobial activity against several AMR bacterial and fungal pathogens. Here, five selected compounds were studied for their antibacterial efficacy against three important bacterial pathogens: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. Among five tested compounds, SbPh4ACO showed antimicrobial activity against all three bacterial strains with the MIC of 50-100 µg/mL. The minimum bactericidal concentration/MIC values were less than or equal to 4 indicating that the effects of SbPh4ACO are bactericidal. Moreover, ultra-thin electron microscopy revealed that SbPh4ACO treatment caused membrane disruption in all three strains, which was further validated by increased membrane permeability. We also showed that SbPh4ACO acted synergistically with the antibiotics, polymyxin B and cefoxitin used to treat AMR strains of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, respectively, and that at synergistic MIC concentration 12.5 µg/mL, its cytotoxicity against the cell lines, Hela, McCoy, and A549 dropped below the threshold. Overall, the results highlight the antimicrobial potential of novel antimony-based compound, SbPh4ACO, and its use as a potentiator of other antibiotics against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. IMPORTANCE Antibiotic resistance presents a critical global public health crisis that threatens our ability to combat bacterial infections. In light of the declining efficacy of traditional antibiotics, the use of alternative solutions, such as metal-based antimicrobial compounds, has gained renewed interest. Based on the previously synthesized innovative organoantimony(V) compounds, we selected and further characterized the antibacterial efficacy of five of them against three important Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Among these compounds, SbPh4ACO showed broad-spectrum bactericidal activity, with membrane-disrupting effects against all three pathogens. Furthermore, we revealed the synergistic potential of SbPh4ACO when combined with antibiotics, such as cefoxitin, at concentrations that exert no cytotoxic effects tested on three mammalian cell lines. This study offers the first report on the mechanisms of action of novel antimony-based antimicrobial and presents the therapeutic potential of SbPh4ACO in combating both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens while enhancing the efficacy of existing antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarosha Salpadoru
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kevin E. Pinks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacob A. Lieberman
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Cotton
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Karen L. Wozniak
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Nikolay Gerasimchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri, USA
| | - Marianna A. Patrauchan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Blondeau JM, Fitch SD. Comparative In Vitro Killing by Pradofloxacin in Comparison to Ceftiofur, Enrofloxacin, Florfenicol, Marbofloxacin, Tildipirosin, Tilmicosin and Tulathromycin against Bovine Respiratory Bacterial Pathogens. Microorganisms 2024; 12:996. [PMID: 38792823 PMCID: PMC11123926 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Pradofloxacin is the newest of the veterinary fluoroquinolones to be approved for use in animals-initially companion animals and most recently food animals. It has a broad spectrum of in vitro activity, working actively against Gram-positive/negative, atypical and some anaerobic microorganisms. It simultaneously targets DNA gyrase (topoisomerase type II) and topoisomerase type IV, suggesting a lower propensity to select for antimicrobial resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate and extent of bacterial killing by pradofloxacin against bovine strains of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, in comparison with several other agents (ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, marbofloxacin, tildipirosin, tilmicosin and tulathromycin) using four clinically relevant drug concentrations: minimum inhibitory and mutant prevention drug concentration, maximum serum and maximum tissue drug concentrations. At the maximum serum and tissue drug concentrations, pradofloxacin killed 99.99% of M. haemolytica cells following 5 min of drug exposure (versus growth to 76% kill rate for the other agents) and 94.1-98.6% of P. multocida following 60-120 min of drug exposure (versus growth to 98.6% kill rate for the other agents). Statistically significant differences in kill rates were seen between the various drugs tested depending on drug concentration and time of sampling after drug exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Blondeau
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal University Hospital and Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada;
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Ophthalmology, Departments Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Shantelle D. Fitch
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Royal University Hospital and Saskatchewan Health Authority, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada;
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30
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Ghosh D, Coulter SM, Laverty G, Holland C, Doutch JJ, Vassalli M, Adams DJ. Metal Cross-Linked Supramolecular Gel Noodles: Structural Insights and Antibacterial Assessment. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3169-3177. [PMID: 38684138 PMCID: PMC11094724 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Achieving precise control over gelator alignment and morphology is crucial for crafting tailored materials and supramolecular structures with distinct properties. We successfully aligned the self-assembled micelles formed by a functionalized dipeptide 2NapFF into long 1-D "gel noodles" by cross-linking with divalent metal chlorides. We identify the most effective cross-linker for alignment, enhancing mechanical stability, and imparting functional properties. Our study shows that Group 2 metal ions are particularly suited for creating mechanically robust yet flexible gel noodles because of their ionic and nondirectional bonding with carboxylate groups. In contrast, the covalent nature and high directional bonds of d-block metal ions with carboxylates tend to disrupt the self-assembly of 2NapFF. Furthermore, the 2NapFF-Cu noodles demonstrated selective antibacterial activity, indicating that the potent antibacterial property of the copper(II) ion is preserved within the cross-linked system. By merging insights into molecular alignment, gel extrusion processing, and integrating specific functionalities, we illustrate how the versatility of dipeptide-based gels can be utilized in creating next-generation soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Sophie M. Coulter
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast,
Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Garry Laverty
- School
of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast,
Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, U.K.
| | - Chris Holland
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield
University, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, U.K.
| | - James J. Doutch
- ISIS
Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Harwell
Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Massimo Vassalli
- Centre
for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8LT, U.K.
| | - Dave J. Adams
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K.
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31
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Zhao Q, Zhao Q, Li J, Yi L. Antibacterial Activity and Action Mechanism of Bacteriocin Paracin wx7 as a Selective Biopreservative against Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis in Fresh-Cut Lettuce. Foods 2024; 13:1448. [PMID: 38790749 PMCID: PMC11119456 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fresh-cut vegetables are widely consumed, but there is no food preservative available to selectively inhibit vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, which is a serious health menace in fresh-cut vegetables. To develop a promising food biopreservative, a bacteriocin, paracin wx7, was synthesized, showing selective inhibition against E. faecalis with MIC values of 4-8 μM. It showed instant bactericidal mode within 1 h at high concentrations with concomitant cell lysis against vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis. Its lethal effect was visualized in a dose-dependent manner by PI/SYTO9 staining observation. The results of an in vivo control experiment carried out on E. faecalis in fresh-cut lettuce showed that 99.97% of vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis were dead after 64 μM paracin wx7 treatment for 7 days without influencing total bacteria. Further, the action mechanism of paracin wx7 was investigated. Confocal microscopy showed that paracin wx7 was located both on the cell envelope and in cytoplasm. For the cell envelope, the studies of membrane permeability using SYTOX Green dyeing and DNA leakage revealed that paracin wx7 damaged the membrane integrity of E. faecalis. Simultaneously, it exhibited membrane depolarization after analysis using DiSC3(5). Damage to the cell envelope resulted in cell deformation observed by scanning electron microscopy. On entering the cytoplasm, the paracin wx7 induced the production of endogenous reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingling Zhao
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiabo Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lanhua Yi
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Logistics Preservation and Nutritional Quality Control, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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32
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Guo L, Stoffels K, Broos J, Kuipers OP. Engineering hybrid lantibiotics yields the highly stable and bacteriocidal peptide cerocin V. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127640. [PMID: 38350171 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) show promise as alternatives to traditional antibiotics for treating drug-resistant infections. Their adaptability and diverse sequence possibilities allow for rational design by modulating physicochemical determinants to achieve desired biological properties, transforming them into peptides for potential new therapies. Nisin, one of the best-studied AMPs, is believed to have potential to be used as a therapeutic, particularly against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, its instability in physiological conditions limits its use in clinical applications and pharmaceutical development. Exploration of new natural variants of nisin has uncovered diverse properties using different domains. Shuffling peptide modules can fine-tune the chemical properties of these molecules, potentially enhancing stability while maintaining or improving antimicrobial activity. In this study, hybrid AMPs were created by combining domains from three unique nisin variants, i.e. nisin A, cesin and rombocin, leading to the identification of a promising variant, named cerocin A, which harbours only 25 amino acids compared to the typical 31-35 amino acid length of nisin. Cerocin A demonstrates potent antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), approaching that of nisin itself. Cerocin A's mode of action involves a dual mechanism through the combination of two domains, consisting of a small ring/domain (6 amino acids) from the C-terminal end of rombocin attached to the preceding peptide of cesin, changing it from a bacteriostatic to a bactericidal peptide. Further mutation studies identified a new variant, cerocin V, with significantly improved resistance against trypsin degradation, while maintaining high potency. Importantly, cerocin V showed no undesired toxic effects on human red blood cells and remained stable in human plasma. In conclusion, we demonstrate that peptide construction using domain engineering is an effective strategy for manipulating both biological and physicochemical aspects, leading to the creation of novel bioactive molecules with desired properties. These constructs are appealing candidates for further optimization and development as novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longcheng Guo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Konstantin Stoffels
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap Broos
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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33
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Pindjakova D, Mascaretti S, Hricoviniova J, Hosek J, Gregorova J, Kos J, Cizek A, Hricoviniova Z, Jampilek J. Critical view on antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxic activities of quinazolin-4(3 H)-one derived schiff bases and their Cu(II) complexes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29051. [PMID: 38601653 PMCID: PMC11004567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of nine 2,3-disubstituted-quinazolin-4(3H)-one derived Schiff bases and their three Cu(II) complexes was prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activities against reference strains Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and resistant clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis (VRE). All the substances were tested in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra ATCC 25177, M. kansasii DSM 44162 and M. smegmatis ATCC 700084. While anti-enterococcal and antimycobacterial activities were insignificant, 3-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzylidene)amino]-2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (SB3) and its Cu(II) complex (SB3-Cu) demonstrated bacteriostatic antistaphylococcal activity. In addition, both compounds, as well as the other two prepared complexes, showed antibiofilm activity, which resulted in a reduction of biofilm formation and eradication of mature S. aureus biofilm by 80% even at concentrations lower than the values of their minimum inhibitory concentrations. In addition, the compounds were tested for their cytotoxic effect on the human monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1. The antileukemic efficiency was improved by the preparation of Cu(II) complexes from the corresponding non-chelated Schiff base ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Pindjakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Sarka Mascaretti
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Hricoviniova
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Hosek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Gregorova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Cizek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1946/1, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hricoviniova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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34
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Kamiya H, Haraguchi A, Mitarai H, Yuda A, Wada H, Shuxin W, Ziqing R, Weihao S, Wada N. In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of terpinen-4-ol on apical periodontitis-associated bacteria. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:306-314. [PMID: 37922985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Manuka oil and tea tree oil are essential oils with known antibacterial properties that are believed to be caused by one main component: terpinen-4-ol. Terpinen-4-ol has potent antibacterial activity against caries-related microorganisms. However, few studies have investigated the antimicrobial effects of terpinen-4-ol on bacteria in apical periodontitis. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of terpinen-4-ol against Enterococcus faecalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum, which have all been detected in apical periodontitis. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations of terpinen-4-ol were determined to assess its activity against biofilms. The minimum inhibitory concentration of terpinen-4-ol was 0.25% against E. faecalis and F. nucleatum, 0.05% against P. gingivalis, and 0.1% against P. intermedia. The minimum bactericidal concentration of terpinen-4-ol was 1.0% against E. faecalis, 0.2% against P. gingivalis and P. intermedia, and 0.5% against F. nucleatum. In the biofilm evaluations, all terpinen-4-ol-treated bacteria had significant reductions in biofilm viability compared with controls in experiments assessing attachment inhibitory activity. Furthermore, structural alterations and decreased bacterial cell clumping were observed under scanning electron microscopy, and significantly decreased cell survival was noted using fluorescence microscopy. Together, these results suggest that terpinen-4-ol is a potential antibacterial agent with bactericidal properties, and can also act on established biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harunobu Kamiya
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akira Haraguchi
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiromi Mitarai
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Asuka Yuda
- Division of General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroko Wada
- Laboratory of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Wang Shuxin
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ran Ziqing
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sun Weihao
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Naohisa Wada
- Department of General Dentistry, Division of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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35
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Jahan K, Battaje RR, Pratap V, Ahire G, Pushpakaran A, Ashtam A, Bharatam PV, Panda D. Identification of ethyl-6-bromo-2((phenylthio)methyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate as a narrow spectrum inhibitor of Streptococcus pneumoniae and its FtsZ. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116196. [PMID: 38350359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Filamentous temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ) is a key cell-division protein recognized as an important target for anti-bacterial drug discovery, especially in the context of rising multi-drug resistance. A respiratory pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae, is rapidly evolving antibiotic resistance, thus posing a clinical risk in the developing world. Inhibiting the conserved protein FtsZ, leading to the arrest of cell division, is an attractive alternative strategy for inhibiting S. pneumoniae. Previously, Vitamin K3 was identified as an FtsZ-targeting agent against S. pneumoniae. In the present work, docking studies were used to identify potential anti-FtsZ agents that bind to the Vitamin K3-binding region of a homology model generated for S. pneumoniae FtsZ. Compounds with imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carboxylate core were synthesized and screened for their anti-proliferative activity against S. pneumoniae. Remarkably, the hit compound IP-01 showed anti-bacterial action against S. pneumoniae without any activity on other bacteria. In S. pneumoniae, IP-01 showed similar inhibitory action on FtsZ and cell division as Vitamin K3. Sequence alignment identified three unique residues within S. pneumoniae FtsZ that IP-01 binds to, providing a structural basis for the observed specificity. IP-01 is one of the first narrow-spectrum agents identified against S. pneumoniae that targets FtsZ, and we present it as a promising lead for the design of narrow-spectrum anti-FtsZ anti-pneumococcal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kousar Jahan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
| | - Rachana Rao Battaje
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Vidyadhar Pratap
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Ganesh Ahire
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
| | - Athira Pushpakaran
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Anvesh Ashtam
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India.
| | - Dulal Panda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab, 160062, India; Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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36
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Sawant NV, Chang SS, Pandit KA, Khekare P, Warner WR, Zimmern PE, De Nisco NJ. VesiX cetylpyridinium chloride is rapidly bactericidal and reduces uropathogenic Escherichia coli bladder epithelial cell invasion in vitro. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0271223. [PMID: 38240572 PMCID: PMC10913388 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02712-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Management of urinary tract infection (UTI) in postmenopausal women can be challenging. The recent rise in resistance to most of the available oral antibiotic options together with high recurrence rate in postmenopausal women has further complicated treatment of UTI. As such, intravesical instillations of antibiotics like gentamicin are being investigated as an alternative to oral antibiotic therapies. This study evaluates the efficacy of the candidate intravesical therapeutic VesiX, a solution containing the cationic detergent Cetylpyridinium chloride, against a broad range of uropathogenic bacterial species clinically isolated from postmenopausal women with recurrent UTI (rUTI). We also evaluate the cytotoxicity of VesiX against cultured bladder epithelial cells and find that low concentrations of 0.0063% and 0.0125% provide significant bactericidal effect toward diverse bacterial species including uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis while minimizing cytotoxic effects against cultured 5637 bladder epithelial cells. Lastly, to begin to evaluate the potential utility of using VesiX in combination therapy with existing intravesical therapies for rUTI, we investigate the combined effects of VesiX and the intravesical antibiotic gentamicin. We find that VesiX and gentamicin are not antagonistic and are able to reduce levels of intracellular UPEC in cultured bladder epithelial cells. IMPORTANCE When urinary tract infections (UTIs), which affect over 50% of women, become resistant to available antibiotic therapies dangerous complications like kidney infection and lethal sepsis can occur. New therapeutic paradigms are needed to expand our arsenal against these difficult to manage infections. Our study investigates VesiX, a Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC)-based therapeutic, as a candidate broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent for use in bladder instillation therapy for antibiotic-resistant UTI. CPC is a cationic surfactant that is FDA-approved for use in mouthwashes and is used as a food additive but has not been extensively evaluated as a UTI therapeutic. Our study is the first to investigate its rapid bactericidal kinetics against diverse uropathogenic bacterial species isolated from postmenopausal women with recurrent UTI and host cytotoxicity. We also report that together with the FDA-approved bladder-instillation agent gentamicin, VesiX was able to significantly reduce intracellular populations of uropathogenic bacteria in cultured bladder epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata V. Sawant
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Samuel S. Chang
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Krutika A. Pandit
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Prachi Khekare
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | | | - Philippe E. Zimmern
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Nicole J. De Nisco
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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37
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Almajid A, Almuyidi S, Alahmadi S, Bohaligah S, Alfaqih L, Alotaibi A, Almarzooq A, Alsarihi A, Alrawi Z, Althaqfan R, Alamoudi R, Albaqami S, Alali AH. ''Myth Busting in Infectious Diseases'': A Comprehensive Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e57238. [PMID: 38686221 PMCID: PMC11056812 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics have played a pivotal role in modern medicine, drastically reducing mortality rates associated with bacterial infections. Despite their significant contributions, the emergence of antibiotic resistance has become a formidable challenge, necessitating a re-evaluation of antibiotic use practices. The widespread belief in clinical practice that bactericidal antibiotics are inherently superior to bacteriostatic ones lacks consistent support from evidence in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). With the latest evidence, certain infections have demonstrated equal or even superior efficacy with bacteriostatic agents. Furthermore, within clinical practice, there is a tendency to indiscriminately order urine cultures for febrile patients, even in cases where alternative etiologies might be present. Consequently, upon obtaining a positive urine culture result, patients often receive antimicrobial prescriptions despite the absence of clinical indications warranting such treatment. Furthermore, it is a prevailing notion among physicians that extended durations of antibiotic therapy confer potential benefits and mitigate the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. Contrary to this belief, empirical evidence refutes such assertions. This article aims to address common myths and misconceptions within the field of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Almajid
- Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, SAU
| | | | - Shatha Alahmadi
- Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | - Sarah Bohaligah
- Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Asmaa Alsarihi
- Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, AlMadinah, SAU
| | - Zaina Alrawi
- Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Rahaf Althaqfan
- Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Khamis Mushait, SAU
| | - Rahma Alamoudi
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Alaa H Alali
- Infectious Diseases, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, SAU
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38
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Orrell-Trigg R, Awad M, Gangadoo S, Cheeseman S, Shaw ZL, Truong VK, Cozzolino D, Chapman J. Rapid screening of bacteriostatic and bactericidal antimicrobial agents against Escherichia coli by combining machine learning (artificial intelligence) and UV-VIS spectroscopy. Analyst 2024; 149:1597-1608. [PMID: 38291984 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01608k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotics are compounds that have a particular mode of action upon the microorganism they are targeting. However, discovering and developing new antibiotics is a challenging and timely process. Antibiotic development process can take up to 10-15 years and over $1billion to develop a single new therapeutic product. Rapid screening tools to understand the mode of action of the new antimicrobial agent are considered one of the main bottle necks in the antimicrobial agent development process. Classical approaches require multifarious microbiological methods and they do not capture important biochemical and organism therapeutic-interaction mechanisms. This work aims to provide a rapid antibiotic-antimicrobial biochemical diagnostic tool to reduce the timeframes of therapeutic development, while also generating new biochemical insight into an antimicrobial-therapeutic screening assay in a complex matrix. The work evaluates the effect of antimicrobial action through "traditional" microbiological analysis techniques with a high-throughput rapid analysis method using UV-VIS spectroscopy and chemometrics. Bacteriostatic activity from tetracycline and bactericidal activity from amoxicillin were evaluated on a system using non-resistant Escherichia coli O157:H7 by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-VIS spectroscopy (high-throughput analysis). The data were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA) and support vector machine (SVM) classification. The rapid diagnostic technique could easily identify differences between bacteriostatic and bactericidal mechanisms and was considerably quicker than the "traditional" methods tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Orrell-Trigg
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Awad
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Gangadoo
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Cheeseman
- The Graeme Clark Institute, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology and Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Services, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
| | - Z L Shaw
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - V K Truong
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - D Cozzolino
- QAAFI, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Chapman
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Kho K, Kadar AD, Bani MD, Pramanda IT, Martin L, Chrisdianto M, Pratama F, Devanthi PVP. The Potential of Pediococcus acidilactici Cell-Free Supernatant as a Preservative in Food Packaging Materials. Foods 2024; 13:644. [PMID: 38472756 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study delves into the production and antimicrobial characteristics of cell-free supernatants from Pediococcus acidilactici (CFSs-Pa). Antimicrobial activity was initially observed in CFS-Pa harvested after 12 h of incubation and increased up to the late stationary phase at 48 h. The increase in antimicrobial activity did not align with total protein content, pointing to other factors linked to the accumulation of organic acids, particularly lactic acid. The SDS-PAGE analysis also indicated that the expected proteinaceous compound (pediocin) was not observed in CFS-Pa. Further investigations suggested that the antimicrobial properties of CFS-Pa were exclusively due to organic acids. The MIC values confirmed potent antimicrobial activity, particularly at a 10% dilution of CFS-Pa in MRS broth. The time-kill assays demonstrated bactericidal activity against EHEC, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus by 12 h, 18 h, and 24 h using a 10% dilution of CFS-Pa. Additionally, CFS-Pa exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity, requiring a 70% (v/v) concentration to inhibit DPPH scavenging activity by 50%. All the experimental results suggested potential applications of CFS-Pa in food preservation. An attempt to incorporate CFS-Pa into bacterial cellulose (BC) for edible food packaging demonstrated promising antimicrobial results, particularly against L. monocytogenes and S. aureus, with room for optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Kho
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Adinda Darwanti Kadar
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Mario Donald Bani
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Ihsan Tria Pramanda
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Leon Martin
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Matthew Chrisdianto
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Ferren Pratama
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
| | - Putu Virgina Partha Devanthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Pulomas Barat Kavling 88, Jakarta 13210, Indonesia
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40
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Yan YF, Liu Y, Liang H, Cai L, Yang XY, Yin TP. The erythromycin polyketide compound TMC-154 stimulates ROS generation to exert antibacterial effects against Streptococcus pyogenes. J Proteomics 2024; 292:105057. [PMID: 38043864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The erythromycin polyketide compound TMC-154 is a secondary metabolite that is isolated from the rhizospheric fungus Clonostachys rogersoniana associated with Panax notoginseng, which possesses antibacterial activity. However, its antibacterial mechanism has not been investigated thus far. In this study, proteomics coupled with bioinformatics approaches was used to explore the antibacterial mechanism of TMC-154. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that eight signaling pathways were associated with TMC-154, including oxidative phosphorylation, cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, benzoate degradation, heme acquisition systems, glycine/serine and threonine metabolism, beta-lactam resistance, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and phosphotransferase system (PTS). Cell biology experiments confirmed that TMC-154 could induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in Streptococcus pyogenes; moreover, TMC-154-induced antibacterial effects could be blocked by the inhibition of ROS generation with the antioxidant N-acetyl L-cysteine. In addition, TMC-154 combined with ciprofloxacin or chloramphenicol had synergistic antibacterial effects. These findings indicate the potential of TMC-154 as a promising drug to treat S. pyogenes infections. SIGNIFICANCE: Streptococcus pyogenes is a nearly ubiquitous human pathogen that causes a variety of diseases ranging from mild pharyngitis and skin infection to fatal sepsis and toxic heat shock syndrome. With the increasing incidence of known antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent need to find novel drugs with good antibacterial activity against S. pyogenes. In this study, we found that TMC-154, a secondary metabolite from the fungus Clonostachys rogersoniana, inhibited the growth of various bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio parahemolyticus. Proteomic analysis combined with cell biology experiments revealed that TMC-154 stimulated ROS generation to exert antibacterial effects against S. pyogenes. This study provides potential options for the treatment of S. pyogenes infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Feng Yan
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Hangeri Liang
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China
| | - Le Cai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Yang
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China.
| | - Tian-Peng Yin
- School of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519041, China.
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Malone M, Nygren E, Hamberg T, Radzieta M, Jensen SO. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antimicrobial effectiveness of non-medicated hydrophobic wound dressings. Int Wound J 2024; 21:e14416. [PMID: 37770025 PMCID: PMC10824701 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing use of non-medicated wound dressing with claims of irreversible bacterial binding. Most of the data are from in vitro models which lack clinical relevance. This study employed a range of in vitro experiments to address this gap and we complemented our experimental designs with in vivo observations using dressings obtained from patients with diabetes-related foot ulcers. A hydrophobic wound dressing was compared with a control silicone dressing in vitro. Test dressings were placed on top of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa challenge suspension with increasing concentrations of suspension inoculum in addition to supplementation with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or increased protein content (IPC). Next, we used the challenge suspensions obtained at the end of the first experiment, where bacterial loads from the suspensions were enumerated following test dressing exposure. Further, the time-dependent bacterial attachment was investigated over 1 and 24 h. Lastly, test dressings were exposed to a challenge suspension with IPC, with or without the addition of the bacteriostatic agent Deferiprone to assess the impacts of limiting bacterial growth in the experimental design. Lastly, two different wound dressings with claims of bacterial binding were obtained from patients with chronic diabetes-related foot ulcers after 72 h of application and observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Bacteria were enumerated from each dressing after a 1-h exposure time. There was no statistical difference in bacterial attachment between both test dressings when using different suspension inoculum concentrations or test mediums. Bacterial attachment to the two test dressings was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) when IPC was used instead of PBS. In the challenge suspension with PBS, only the hydrophobic dressing achieved a statistically significant reduction in bacterial loads (0.5 ± 0.05 log colony forming units; p = 0.001). In the presence of IPC, there was no significant reduction in bacterial loads for either test dressing. When bacterial growth was arrested, attachment to the test dressings did not increase over time, suggesting that the number of bacteria on the test dressings increases over time due to bacterial growth. SEM identified widespread adsorption of host fouling across the test dressings which occurred prior to microbial binding. Therein, microbial attachment occurred predominantly to host fouling and not directly to the dressings. Bacterial binding is not unique to dialkylcarbamoyl chloride (DACC) dressings and under clinically relevant in vitro conditions and in vivo observations, we demonstrate (in addition to previously published work) that the bacterial binding capabilities are not effective at reducing the number of bacteria in laboratory models or human wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Malone
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Erik Nygren
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Tina Hamberg
- Research and DevelopmentMolnlycke Healthcare ABGothenburgSweden
| | - Michael Radzieta
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Slade O. Jensen
- South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound ResearchSouth West Sydney Local Health DistrictSydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of MedicineWestern Sydney UniversitySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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42
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Walasek-Janusz M, Grzegorczyk A, Malm A, Nurzyńska-Wierdak R, Zalewski D. Chemical Composition, and Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Oregano Essential Oil. Molecules 2024; 29:435. [PMID: 38257351 PMCID: PMC10818459 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health problem, and the rapid rise in AMR is attributed to the inappropriate and/or overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, alternative antimicrobial agents, including those of natural origin, are being sought for the development of new drugs. The purpose of our study was to analyze the chemical composition, and antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of four oregano essential oils (OEOs) from Poland, Europe, Turkey and the USA. The antimicrobial activity (AMA) was evaluated using 23 strains, including Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and Candida species. The antioxidant activity (AA) of essential oils (EOs) was determined by the DPPH method. The main component of the EOs tested was carvacrol (76.64-85.70%). The highest amount of this compound was determined in the Polish OEO. The OEOs we tested showed antimicrobial resistance, which was especially strong against fungi (MIC = 0.06-0.25 mg/mL-1). These products also showed high AA (71.42-80.44%). OEOs high in carvacrol should be the subject of further research as potential antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Walasek-Janusz
- Department of Vegetable and Herb Crops, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 51A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Grzegorczyk
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Malm
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Nurzyńska-Wierdak
- Department of Vegetable and Herb Crops, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 51A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel Zalewski
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Beltrán Pineda ME, Lizarazo Forero LM, Sierra CA. Antibacterial fibers impregnated with mycosynthetized AgNPs for control of Pectobacterium carotovorum. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23108. [PMID: 38169729 PMCID: PMC10758722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Using biopolymers functionalized with antibacterial agents to manufacture active packaging is a clean alternative to mitigate food losses due to postharvest plant diseases. In this study, two mycosynthetized AgNPs impregnation methodologies on cotton (cationization and in situ biochemical reduction) were used to obtain the antibacterial fibers (A-AgNPs-C and A-AgNPs-IBR), which, in addition to being characterized by SEM-EDX, XRD, were evaluated as antibacterial materials. The cotton fibers showed growth inhibition of Pectobacterium carotovorum at 48 h. The reuse tests of these cotton fibers showed that the two types of fibers could have up to three successive uses without losing their effectiveness, regardless of the impregnation method used. Is important to highlight that the retention tests indicated that the AgNPs remain attached to the A-AgNPs-C and A-AgNPs-IBR fibers after several successive washes. Finally, the mycosynthesized AgNPs were also impregnated on fique fibers (Fique-AgNPs) by cationization to obtain little antibacterial sacks. Nanostructured materials that in in vivo tests on potatoes showed only 7.8 % of affectation, while the tubers stored in the traditional sacks had an affectation of 25 %. This immobilization of AgNPs in natural fibers will allow the development of a nanobiotechnological application in the storage and transport of potatoes, after performing some additional cytotoxicity tests to guarantee its safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Eleonora Beltrán Pineda
- Grupo de investigación en Macromoléculas UN- Grupo de investigación Biología ambiental UPTC- Grupo de investigación Gestión ambiental Universidad de Boyacá - Tunja, Colombia
| | - Luz Marina Lizarazo Forero
- Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia- Grupo de investigación Biología ambiental, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Cesar A. Sierra
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Grupo de investigación en Macromoléculas, Bogotá, Colombia
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Ferrando N, Pino-Otín MR, Ballestero D, Lorca G, Terrado EM, Langa E. Enhancing Commercial Antibiotics with Trans-Cinnamaldehyde in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria: An In Vitro Approach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:192. [PMID: 38256746 PMCID: PMC10820649 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
One strategy to mitigate the emergence of bacterial resistance involves reducing antibiotic doses by combining them with natural products, such as trans-cinnamaldehyde (CIN). The objective of this research was to identify in vitro combinations (CIN + commercial antibiotic (ABX)) that decrease the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of seven antibiotics against 14 different Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, most of them classified as ESKAPE. MIC values were measured for all compounds using the broth microdilution method. The effect of the combinations on these microorganisms was analyzed through the checkboard assay to determine the type of activity (synergy, antagonism, or addition). This analysis was complemented with a kinetic study of the synergistic combinations. Fifteen synergistic combinations were characterized for nine of the tested bacteria. CIN demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the MIC of chloramphenicol, streptomycin, amoxicillin, and erythromycin (94-98%) when tested on Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella aerogenes, and Salmonella enterica, respectively. The kinetic study revealed that when the substances were tested alone at the MIC concentration observed in the synergistic combination, bacterial growth was not inhibited. However, when CIN and the ABX, for which synergy was observed, were tested simultaneously in combination at these same concentrations, the bacterial growth inhibition was complete. This demonstrates the highly potent in vitro synergistic activity of CIN when combined with commercial ABXs. This finding could be particularly beneficial in livestock farming, as this sector witnesses the highest quantities of antimicrobial usage, contributing significantly to antimicrobial resistance issues. Further research focused on this natural compound is thus warranted for this reason.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ferrando
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca, km. 510, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (N.F.); (M.R.P.-O.); (D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - María Rosa Pino-Otín
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca, km. 510, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (N.F.); (M.R.P.-O.); (D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Diego Ballestero
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca, km. 510, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (N.F.); (M.R.P.-O.); (D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Guillermo Lorca
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca, km. 510, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (N.F.); (M.R.P.-O.); (D.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Eva María Terrado
- Departamento de Didácticas Específicas, Facultad de Educación, Universisad de Zaragoza, Calle Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Elisa Langa
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Campus Universitario Villanueva de Gállego, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca, km. 510, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (N.F.); (M.R.P.-O.); (D.B.); (G.L.)
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Cruz-Martínez YR, Hernández-Delgado T, Valencia I, Nieto-Camacho A, Ramírez-Apan MT, Espinosa-García FJ, Delgado G. Evaluation of selected natural sesquiterpenes as sensitizing agents of β-lactam-resistant bacterial strains. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxad315. [PMID: 38140942 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the capacity of fourteen sesquiterpenes to enhance the action of known antibiotics against two β-lactam resistant strains, and to determine a possible mechanism of antibiotic sensitization by assessing their ability to inhibit a β-lactamase enzyme. METHODS AND RESULTS The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of β-lactams cefuroxime (CEFM) and cefepime (CPM) against Staphylococcus aureus 23MR and Escherichia coli 82MR strains in the absence and presence of subinhibitory concentrations of fourteen natural sesquiterpenes. (1R,4R)-4H-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-hydroxycadalen-15-oic acid (5), xerantolide (8), estafiatin (11), and ambrosin (12) exhibited the best sensitizing effects in both strains. These compounds were able to reduce the MIC of CEFM by 2-fold (from 15.0 to 7.5 µg/mL) and CPM by 15-fold (from 0.9 to 0.06 µg/mL) in S. aureus 23MR. For E. coli 82MR, the MIC of CEFM was reduced up to 8-fold (from 120.0 to 15.0 µg/mL). In this strain, the activity of 8 and 11 surpassed that of clavulanic acid (positive reference), which reduced the MIC of CEFM from 120.0 to 60.0 µg/mL. To elucidate a possible mechanism of antibiotic sensitization, molecular docking studies were conducted with β-lactamases. These studies revealed an affinity with the enzymes (energies > -4.93 kcal/mol) by the formation of hydrogen bonds with certain conserved amino acid residues within the active sites. However, the in vitro results indicated only marginal inhibition, with percentages <50%. CONCLUSIONS The bioevaluations indicate that nine of fourteen sesquiterpenes enhance the action of CEFM and CPM against the β-lactam resistant strains, and these compounds displayed moderate activity as inhibitors of β-lactamase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica R Cruz-Martínez
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria,, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, México
| | - Tzasna Hernández-Delgado
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Israel Valencia
- Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Antonio Nieto-Camacho
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria,, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, México
| | - María Teresa Ramírez-Apan
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria,, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, México
| | - Francisco Javier Espinosa-García
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México., Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, Morelia 58190, Michoacán, México
| | - Guillermo Delgado
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria,, Ciudad de México, Coyoacán 04510, México
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Vyas HK, Xia B, Alam D, Gracie NP, Rothwell JG, Rice SA, Carter D, Cullen PJ, Mai-Prochnow A. Plasma activated water as a pre-treatment strategy in the context of biofilm-infected chronic wounds. Biofilm 2023; 6:100154. [PMID: 37771391 PMCID: PMC10522953 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Healing and treatment of chronic wounds are often complicated due to biofilm formation by pathogens. Here, the efficacy of plasma activated water (PAW) as a pre-treatment strategy has been investigated prior to the application of topical antiseptics polyhexamethylene biguanide, povidone iodine, and MediHoney, which are routinely used to treat chronic wounds. The efficacy of this treatment strategy was determined against biofilms of Escherichia coli formed on a plastic substratum and on a human keratinocyte monolayer substratum used as an in vitro biofilm-skin epithelial cell model. PAW pre-treatment greatly increased the killing efficacy of all the three antiseptics to eradicate the E. coli biofilms formed on the plastic and keratinocyte substrates. However, the efficacy of the combined PAW-antiseptic treatment and single treatments using PAW or antiseptic alone was lower for biofilms formed in the in vitro biofilm-skin epithelial cell model compared to the plastic substratum. Scavenging assays demonstrated that reactive species present within the PAW were largely responsible for its anti-biofilm activity. PAW treatment resulted in significant intracellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen species accumulation within the E. coli biofilms, while also rapidly acting on the microbial membrane leading to outer membrane permeabilisation and depolarisation. Together, these factors contribute to significant cell death, potentiating the antibacterial effect of the assessed antiseptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heema K.N. Vyas
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Binbin Xia
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Alam
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicholas P. Gracie
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna G. Rothwell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott A. Rice
- Agriculture and Food, Microbiomes for One Systems Health, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Australian Institute for Microbiology and Infection, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dee Carter
- The Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick J. Cullen
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Mai-Prochnow
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Choi J, Yadav S, Vaddu S, Thippareddi H, Kim WK. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of tannic acid as an antibacterial agent in broilers infected with Salmonella Typhimurium. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102987. [PMID: 37844525 PMCID: PMC10585643 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate tannic acid (TA) as an antibacterial agent against Salmonella Typhimurium in in vitro and in vivo chicken models. The TA formed an inhibitory zone against Salmonella enterica serotypes including S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Infantis. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of TA against Salmonella Typhimurium nalidixic acid resistant strain (STNR) were determined as 40 and 700 μg/mL, respectively. Sublethal doses of TA (5, 10, and 20 μg/mL) restricted swimming and swarming motility and biofilm formation of STNR compared to the control group (0 μg/mL) (P < 0.05). The TA-bovine serum albumin (BSA) complex formed at simulated gastric pH (pH 3.75) was hydrolyzed at pH 6.75 and 7.25 (P < 0.05), and the hydrolysis of the TA-BSA complex was stronger at pH 7.25 compared to the pH 6.75 (P < 0.05). The inhibitory zone of the TA-BSA complex against STNR at pH 6.75 was lower than TA without BSA at 30 and 60 min (P < 0.05), but not at 120 min (P > 0.1). The inhibitory zone of the TA-BSA complex against STNR at pH 7.25 was not decreased at 0, 30, and 60 min compared to TA without BSA (P > 0.1). The recovery rate of TA was 83, 54.8, 10.5, and 19.6% in the gizzard, jejunum, ileum, and ceca, respectively, in broiler chickens. The STNR-infected broilers fed 0.25 g/kg of TA had significantly lower unweighted beta diversity distance compared to the sham-challenged control (SCC) and challenged controlled (CC) group on D 21. TA supplementation linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (tendency; P = 0.071) reduced relative abundance of the family Peptostreptococcaceae in broilers infected with STNR on D 7. TA supplementation linearly (P < 0.05) and quadratically (tendency; P = 0.06) increased the relative abundance of the family Erysipelotrichaceae in broilers infected with STNR on D 21. Therefore, TA has potential to be used as an antibacterial agent against the S. Typhimurium infection in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janghan Choi
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sudhir Yadav
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sasikala Vaddu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | | | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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48
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Lam JC, Bourassa-Blanchette S. Ten common misconceptions about antibiotic use in the hospital. J Hosp Med 2023; 18:1123-1129. [PMID: 37812004 DOI: 10.1002/jhm.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobials are one of the most administered medications in hospitals. Thoughtful and rational antibiotic prescribing by clinicians are important in reducing the adverse effects to both the host that takes the antibiotic and also the individuals in the host's community. Principles informing antibiotic prescribing in the hospital are commonly rooted in misconceptions. We review 10 common myths associated with antibacterial usage in hospitalized patients and share contemporary evidence in hopes of enhancing evidence-informed practice in this patient care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Lam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Samuel Bourassa-Blanchette
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
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49
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Inclán M, Torres Hernández N, Martínez Serra A, Torrijos Jabón G, Blasco S, Andreu C, del Olmo ML, Jávega B, O’Connor JE, García-España E. Antimicrobial Properties of New Polyamines Conjugated with Oxygen-Containing Aromatic Functional Groups. Molecules 2023; 28:7678. [PMID: 38005400 PMCID: PMC10675077 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is now a first-order health problem, which makes the development of new families of antimicrobials imperative. These compounds should ideally be inexpensive, readily available, highly active, and non-toxic. Here, we present the results of our investigation regarding the antimicrobial activity of a series of natural and synthetic polyamines with different architectures (linear, tripodal, and macrocyclic) and their derivatives with the oxygen-containing aromatic functional groups 1,3-benzodioxol, ortho/para phenol, or 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran. The new compounds were prepared through an inexpensive process, and their activity was tested against selected strains of yeast, as well as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In all cases, the conjugated derivatives showed antimicrobial activity higher than the unsubstituted polyamines. Several factors, such as the overall charge at physiological pH, lipophilicity, and the topology of the polyamine scaffold were relevant to their activity. The nature of the lipophilic moiety was also a determinant of human cell toxicity. The lead compounds were found to be bactericidal and fungistatic, and they were synergic with the commercial antifungals fluconazole, cycloheximide, and amphotericin B against the yeast strains tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Inclán
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (N.T.H.); (A.M.S.); (S.B.); (E.G.-E.)
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Ciencia y Tecnología, International University of Valencia—VIU, 46002 Valencia, Spain
| | - Neus Torres Hernández
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (N.T.H.); (A.M.S.); (S.B.); (E.G.-E.)
| | - Alejandro Martínez Serra
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (N.T.H.); (A.M.S.); (S.B.); (E.G.-E.)
| | - Gonzalo Torrijos Jabón
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (G.T.J.); (M.l.d.O.)
| | - Salvador Blasco
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (N.T.H.); (A.M.S.); (S.B.); (E.G.-E.)
| | - Cecilia Andreu
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marcel lí del Olmo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (G.T.J.); (M.l.d.O.)
| | - Beatriz Jávega
- Laboratory of Cytomics, Joint Research Unit CIPF-UVEG, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (B.J.); (J.-E.O.)
| | - José-Enrique O’Connor
- Laboratory of Cytomics, Joint Research Unit CIPF-UVEG, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (B.J.); (J.-E.O.)
| | - Enrique García-España
- Institute of Molecular Science, University of Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (N.T.H.); (A.M.S.); (S.B.); (E.G.-E.)
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50
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Bayer G, Shayganpour A, Bayer IS. Efficacy of a New Alcohol-Free Organic Acid-Based Hand Sanitizer against Foodborne Pathogens. TOXICS 2023; 11:938. [PMID: 37999590 PMCID: PMC10674435 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
In light of the global health crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous experts have deemed the utilization of hand sanitizers imperative as a precautionary measure against the virus. Consequently, the demand for hand sanitizers has experienced a substantial surge. Since the beginning of 2020, the utilization of alcohol-free hand sanitizers has been increasingly favored due to the potential risks associated with alcohol poisoning, flammability, as well as the adverse effects on skin lipid dissolution, dehydration, and sebum reduction, which can lead to severe cases of eczema and norovirus infections. In this study, we developed an aqueous hand sanitizer that does not contain alcohol. The sanitizer consists of naturally occurring, food-grade organic acids, including lactic, citric, and azelaic acids. Additionally, food-grade ammonium sulfate and a small amount of povidone-iodine (PVPI) were included in the formulation to create a synergistic and potent antibacterial effect. The effectiveness of the hand sanitizer was evaluated against four common foodborne pathogens, namely Clostridium botulinum, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus, via in vitro testing. The organic acids exhibited a synergistic inhibitory function, resulting in a 3-log reduction in CFU/mL. Furthermore, the presence of povidone-iodine and ammonium sulfate enhanced their antibacterial effect, leading to a 4-log reduction in CFU/mL. The hand sanitizer solution remained stable even after 60 days of storage. During this period, the detection of additional triiodide (I3-) ions occurred, which have the ability to release broad-spectrum molecular iodine upon penetrating the cell walls. This alcohol-free hand sanitizer may offer extended protection and is anticipated to be gentle on the skin. This is attributed to the presence of citric and lactic acids, which possess cosmetic properties that soften and smoothen the skin, along with antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gözde Bayer
- DS Bio ve Nanoteknoloji A. Ş, Lavida City Plaza 45/7, 06530 Ankara, Türkiye;
| | - Amirreza Shayganpour
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
| | - Ilker S. Bayer
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy;
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