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Abu-Risha SE, Sokar SS, Elzorkany KE, Elsisi AE. Donepezil and quercetin alleviate valproate-induced testicular oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis: Imperative roles of AMPK/SIRT1/ PGC-1α and p38-MAPK/NF-κB/ IL-1β signaling cascades. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 134:112240. [PMID: 38744177 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The mounting evidence of valproate-induced testicular damage in clinical settings is alarming, especially for men taking valproate (VPA) for long-term or at high doses. Both donepezil (DON) and quercetin (QUE) have promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether DON, QUE, and their combination could mitigate VPA-induced testicular toxicity and unravel the mechanisms underlying their protective effect. In this study, male albino rats were randomly categorized into six equal groups: control, VPA (500 mg/kg, I.P., for 14 days), DON (3 and 5 mg/kg), QUE (50 mg/kg), and DON 3 + QUE combination groups. The DON and QUE treatments were administered orally for 7 consecutive days before VPA administration and then concomitantly with VPA for 14 days. VPA administration disrupted testicular function by altering testicular architecture, ultrastructure, reducing sperm count, viability, and serum testosterone levels. Additionally, VPA triggered oxidative damage, inflammatory, and apoptotic processes and suppressed the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling cascade. Pretreatment with DON, QUE, and their combination significantly alleviated histological and ultrastructure damage caused by VPA and increased the serum testosterone level, sperm count, and viability. They also suppressed the oxidative stress by reducing testicular MDA content and elevating SOD activity. In addition, they reduced the inflammatory response by suppressing IL-1β level, NF-κB, and the p38-MAPK expression as well as inhibiting apoptosis by diminishing caspase-3 and increasing Bcl-2 expression. These novel protective effects were mediated by upregulating AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling cascade. In conclusion, these findings suggest that DON, QUE, and their combination possess potent protective effects against VPA-induced testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally E Abu-Risha
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Samia S Sokar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Kawthar E Elzorkany
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Alaa E Elsisi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
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Rubio-Tomás T, Soler-Botija C, Martínez-Estrada O, Villena JA. Transcriptional control of cardiac energy metabolism in health and disease: Lessons from animal models. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116185. [PMID: 38561091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac ATP production is tightly regulated in order to satisfy the evolving energetic requirements imposed by different cues during health and pathological conditions. In order to sustain high ATP production rates, cardiac cells are endowed with a vast mitochondrial network that is essentially acquired during the perinatal period. Nevertheless, adult cardiac cells also adapt their mitochondrial mass and oxidative function to changes in energy demand and substrate availability by fine-tuning the pathways and mitochondrial machinery involved in energy production. The reliance of cardiac cells on mitochondrial metabolism makes them particularly sensitive to alterations in proper mitochondrial function, so that deficiency in energy production underlies or precipitates the development of heart diseases. Mitochondrial biogenesis is a complex process fundamentally controlled at the transcriptional level by a network of transcription factors and co-regulators, sometimes with partially redundant functions, that ensure adequate energy supply to the working heart. Novel uncovered regulators, such as RIP140, PERM1, MED1 or BRD4 have been recently shown to modulate or facilitate the transcriptional activity of the PGC-1s/ERRs/PPARs regulatory axis, allowing cardiomyocytes to adapt to a variety of physiological or pathological situations requiring different energy provision. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the mechanisms that regulate cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis, highlighting the recent discoveries of new transcriptional regulators and describing the experimental models that have provided solid evidence of the relevant contribution of these factors to cardiac function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Rubio-Tomás
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Heraklion GR-70013, Crete, Greece
| | - Carolina Soler-Botija
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Program, Health Science Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Can Ruti Campus, Badalona, Spain; CIBER on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Josep A Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d'Hebron-Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER on Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Zhang T, Zhang R, Liu W, Qi Y, Wang H, Zhang H, Xiao Z, Pandol SJ, Han YP, Zheng X. Transcription factor EB modulates the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species in intestinal epithelial cells to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167065. [PMID: 38342419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB), a master lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy regulator, is crucial for cellular homeostasis, and its abnormality is related to diverse inflammatory diseases. Genetic variations in autophagic genes are associated with susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, little is known about the role and mechanism of TFEB in disease pathogenesis. In this study, we found that the genetic deletion of TFEB in mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) caused intestinal barrier dysfunction, leading to increased susceptibility to experimental colitis. Mechanistically, TFEB functionally protected IEC in part through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha (TFEB-PGC1α axis) induction, which consequently suppressed reactive oxygen species. TFEB can directly regulate PGC-1α transcription to control antioxidation level. Notably, TFEB expression is impaired and downregulated in the colon tissues of IBD patients. Collectively, our results indicate that intestinal TFEB participates in oxidative stress regulation and attenuates IBD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianci Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruofei Zhang
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yucheng Qi
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyi Wang
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhixiong Xiao
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Stephen J Pandol
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Yuan-Ping Han
- The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Research Center for Islet Transplantation, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Bauer MA, Bazard P, Acosta AA, Bangalore N, Elessaway L, Thivierge M, Chellani M, Zhu X, Ding B, Walton JP, Frisina RD. L-Ergothioneine slows the progression of age-related hearing loss in CBA/CaJ mice. Hear Res 2024; 446:109004. [PMID: 38608332 PMCID: PMC11112832 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2024.109004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
The naturally occurring amino acid, l-ergothioneine (EGT), has immense potential as a therapeutic, having shown promise in the treatment of other disease models, including neurological disorders. EGT is naturally uptaken into cells via its specific receptor, OCTN1, to be utilized by cells as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. In our current study, EGT was administered over a period of 6 months to 25-26-month-old CBA/CaJ mice as a possible treatment for age-related hearing loss (ARHL), since presbycusis has been linked to higher levels of cochlear oxidative stress, apoptosis, and chronic inflammation. Results from the current study indicate that EGT can prevent aging declines of some key features of ARHL. However, we found a distinct sex difference for the response to the treatments, for hearing - Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABRs) and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs). Males exhibited lower threshold declines in both low dose (LD) and high dose (HD) test groups throughout the testing period and did not display some of the characteristic aging declines in hearing seen in Control animals. In contrast, female mice did not show any therapeutic effects with either treatment dose. Further confirming this sex difference, EGT levels in whole blood sampling throughout the testing period showed greater uptake of EGT in males compared to females. Additionally, RT-PCR results from three tissue types of the inner ear confirmed EGT activity in the cochlea in both males and females. Males and females exhibited significant differences in biomarkers related to apoptosis (Cas-3), inflammation (TNF-a), oxidative stress (SOD2), and mitochondrial health (PGC1a).These changes were more prominent in males as compared to females, especially in stria vascularis tissue. Taken together, these findings suggest that EGT has the potential to be a naturally derived therapeutic for slowing down the progression of ARHL, and possibly other neurodegenerative diseases. EGT, while effective in the treatment of some features of presbycusis in aging males, could also be modified into a general prophylaxis for other age-related disorders where treatment protocols would include eating a larger proportion of EGT-rich foods or supplements. Lastly, the sex difference discovered here, needs further investigation to see if therapeutic conditions can be developed where aging females show better responsiveness to EGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Bauer
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Parveen Bazard
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Alejandro A Acosta
- School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, 00925 Puerto Rico; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Nidhi Bangalore
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lina Elessaway
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Biomedical Sciences - Dept. of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark Thivierge
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Moksheta Chellani
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Bo Ding
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Joseph P Walton
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral & Community Sciences, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Robert D Frisina
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA; Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, College of Behavioral & Community Sciences, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA; Global Center for Hearing and Speech Research, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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Rashid H, Jali A, Akhter MS, Abdi SAH. Molecular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Acute Kidney Injury: Targeting the Loci by Resveratrol. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:3. [PMID: 38203174 PMCID: PMC10779152 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are a group of cellular molecules that stand as double-edged swords, their good and bad being discriminated by a precise balance. Several metabolic reactions in the biological system generate these molecules that interact with cellular atoms to regulate functions ranging from cell homeostasis to cell death. A prooxidative state of the cell concomitant with decreased clearance of such molecules leads to oxidative stress, which contributes as a prime pathophysiological mechanism in various diseases including renal disorders, such as acute kidney injury. However, targeting the generation of oxidative stress in renal disorders by an antioxidant, resveratrol, is gaining considerable therapeutic importance and is known to improve the condition in preclinical studies. This review aims to discuss molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in acute kidney injury and its amelioration by resveratrol. The major sources of data were PubMed and Google Scholar, with studies from the last five years primarily included, with significant earlier data also considered. Mitochondrial dysfunction, various enzymatic reactions, and protein misfolding are the major sources of reactive oxygen species in acute kidney injury, and interrupting these loci of generation or intersection with other cellular components by resveratrol can mitigate the severity of the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed Jali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Suhail Akhter
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jizan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Aliul Hasan Abdi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University, Al Baha 65711, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Hongpaisan J. PKCε activator protects hippocampal microvascular disruption and memory defect in 3×Tg-Alzheimer's disease mice with cerebral microinfarcts. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1272361. [PMID: 38187357 PMCID: PMC10768563 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1272361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence suggests that microvessel disease is involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebrovascular disease correlates with cardiovascular disease and is complicated in ≈40% of AD patients. The protein kinase C (PKC) ε activator DCPLA can stimulate human antigen (Hu) R that prevents degradation and promotes the translation of mitochondrial Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF) mRNAs. Methods To induce brain microinfarcts, we injected triple transgenic (3×Tg) and wild-type (WT) control mice with microbeads (20 μm caliber) into common carotid arteries, with or without the DCPLA-ME (methyl-ester) for 2 weeks. After water maze training, mice at 16 months old were examined for confocal immunohistochemistry at a single cell or microvessel level in the hippocampal CA1 area, important for spatial memory storage, and in the dorsal hippocampus by western blots. Results In 3×Tg mice without cerebral microinfarcts, an accelerating age-related increase in (mild) oxidative stress and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α, but a reduction in VEGF, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and MnSOD were associated with capillary loss. The change was less pronounced in arterioles. However, in 3×Tg mice with cerebral microinfarcts, increasing arteriolar diameter and their wall cells were related with the strong oxidative DNA damage 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), apoptosis (cleaved caspase 3), and sustained hypoxia (increased HIF-1α and VEGF/PKCε/extracellular signal regulated kinase or ERK pathway). Microocclusion enhanced the loss of the synaptic marker spinophilin, astrocytic number, and astrocyte-vascular coupling areas and demyelination of axons. DCPLA-ME prevented spatial memory defect; strong oxidative stress-related apoptosis; sustained hypoxia (by reducing HIF-1α and VEGF); and exaggerated cell repair in arteriolar walls, pericapillary space dilation, neuro-glial-vascular disruption, and demyelination. Conclusion In conclusion, in 3×Tg mice with cerebral microinfarcts, sustained hypoxia (increased HIF-1α and VEGF signals) is dominant with arteriolar wall thickening, and DCPLA has a protective effect on sustained hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Wang H, Zhang Z, Sittirattanayeunyong S, Hongpaisan J. Association of Apolipoprotein E4-related Microvascular Disease in the Alzheimer's Disease Hippocampal CA1 Stratum Radiatum. Neuroscience 2023; 526:204-222. [PMID: 37385335 PMCID: PMC10528415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Current data suggest a hypothesis of vascular pathogenesis for the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). To investigate this, we studied the association of apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) gene on microvessels in human autopsy-confirmed AD with and without APOE4, compared with age/sex-matched control (AC) hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum. AD arterioles (without APOE4 gene) had mild oxidative stress and loss of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial cell density, reflecting aging progression. In AD + APOE4, an increase in strong oxidative DNA damage marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), VEGF, and endothelial cell density were associated with increased diameter of arterioles and perivascular space dilation. In cultured human brain microvascular cells (HBMECs), treatment of ApoE4 protein plus amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers increased superoxide production and the apoptotic marker cleaved caspase 3, sustained hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stability that was associated with an increase in MnSOD, VEGF, and cell density. This cell over-proliferation was inhibited with the antioxidants N-acetyl cysteine and MnTMPyP, the HIF-1α inhibitor echinomycin, the VEGFR-2 receptor blocker SU1498, the protein kinase C (PKC) ε knock-down (KD) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) inhibitor FR180204. The PKCε KD and echinomycin decreased VEGF and/or ERK. In conclusion, AD capillaries and arterioles in hippocampal CA1 stratum radiatum of non-APOE4 carriers are related with aging, while those in APOE4 carriers with AD are related with pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaixing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sorawit Sittirattanayeunyong
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
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Patintingan CG, Louisa M, Juniantito V, Arozal W, Hanifah S, Wanandi SI, Thandavarayan R. Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Its Mitochondrial Biogenesis Modulatory Activity in Rats. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:307-319. [PMID: 37525636 PMCID: PMC10387274 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s413256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin, an anthracycline class of anticancer, is an effective chemotherapeutic agent with serious adverse effects, mainly cardiotoxicity. Several possible causes of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity are increased oxidative stress, nucleic acid and protein synthesis inhibition, cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis disruptions. Moringa oleifera (MO), a naturally derived medicine, is known for its antioxidative properties and activity in alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction. To determine the potency and possible cardioprotective mechanism of MO leaves aqueous extract via the mitochondrial biogenesis pathway in doxorubicin-induced rats. Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of six. The first group was normal rats; the second group was treated with doxorubicin 4 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally once weekly for four weeks; the third and fourth groups were treated with doxorubicin 4 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally once weekly, and MO leaves extract at 200 mg/kg BW or 400 mg/kg BW orally daily, for four weeks. At the end of the fourth week, blood and cardiac tissues were obtained and analyzed for cardiac biomarkers, mitochondrial DNA copy number, mRNA expressions of peroxisome-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), caspase 3, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), and malondialdehyde. Results MO leaves extract was shown to decrease biomarkers of cardiac damage (LDH and CK-MB), malondialdehyde levels, and GPx activity. These changes align with the reduction of mRNA expressions of caspase-3, the increase of mRNA expressions of PGC-1α and Nrf2, and the elevation of mitochondrial DNA copy number. MO leaves extracts did not influence the mRNA expressions of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) or the levels of 8-OH-dG. Conclusion Moringa oleifera leaves extract ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by reducing apoptosis and restoring gene expression of PGC-1α and Nrf2, a key regulator in mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melva Louisa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Vetnizah Juniantito
- Department of Veterinary Clinic Reproduction and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Agriculture Institute of Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Wawaimuli Arozal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Silmi Hanifah
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Septelia Inawati Wanandi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rajarajan Thandavarayan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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Schniertshauer D, Wespel S, Bergemann J. Natural Mitochondria Targeting Substances and Their Effect on Cellular Antioxidant System as a Potential Benefit in Mitochondrial Medicine for Prevention and Remediation of Mitochondrial Dysfunctions. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3911-3932. [PMID: 37232719 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45050250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the knowledge that many diseases are caused by defects in the metabolism of the cells and, in particular, in defects of the mitochondria, mitochondrial medicine starts precisely at this point. This new form of therapy is used in numerous fields of human medicine and has become a central focus within the field of medicine in recent years. With this form of therapy, the disturbed cellular energy metabolism and an out-of-balance antioxidant system of the patient are to be influenced to a greater extent. The most important tool here is mitotropic substances, with the help of which attempts are made to compensate for existing dysfunction. In this article, both mitotropic substances and accompanying studies showing their efficacy are summarized. It appears that the action of many mitotropic substances is based on two important properties. First, on the property of acting antioxidantly, both directly as antioxidants and via activation of downstream enzymes and signaling pathways of the antioxidant system, and second, via enhanced transport of electrons and protons in the mitochondrial respiratory chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schniertshauer
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wespel
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Jörg Bergemann
- Department of Life Sciences, Albstadt-Sigmaringen University of Applied Sciences, Anton-Günther-Str. 51, 72488 Sigmaringen, Germany
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Vyas HS, Jadeja RN, Vohra A, Upadhyay KK, Thounaojam MC, Bartoli M, Devkar RV. CORM-A1 Alleviates Pro-Atherogenic Manifestations via miR-34a-5p Downregulation and an Improved Mitochondrial Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050997. [PMID: 37237862 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherogenesis involves multiple cell types undergoing robust metabolic processes resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and consequent oxidative stress. Carbon monoxide (CO) has been recently explored for its anti-atherogenic potency; however, the effects of CO on ROS generation and mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis remain unexplored. Herein, we describe the anti-atherogenic efficacy of CORM-A1, a CO donor, in in vitro (ox-LDL-treated HUVEC and MDMs) and in vivo (atherogenic diet-fed SD rats) experimental models. In agreement with previous data, we observed elevated miR-34a-5p levels in all our atherogenic model systems. Administration of CO via CORM-A1 accounted for positive alterations in the expression of miR-34a-5p and transcription factors/inhibitors (P53, NF-κB, ZEB1, SNAI1, and STAT3) and DNA methylation pattern, thereby lowering its countenance in atherogenic milieu. Inhibition of miR-34a-5p expression resulted in restoration of SIRT-1 levels and of mitochondrial biogenesis. CORM-A1 supplementation further accounted for improvement in cellular and mitochondrial antioxidant capacity and subsequent reduction in ROS. Further and most importantly, CORM-A1 restored cellular energetics by improving overall cellular respiration in HUVECs, as evidenced by restored OCR and ECAR rates, whereas a shift from non-mitochondrial to mitochondrial respiration was observed in atherogenic MDMs, evidenced by unaltered glycolytic respiration and maximizing OCR. In agreement with these results, CORM-A1 treatment also accounted for elevated ATP production in both in vivo and in vitro experimental models. Cumulatively, our studies demonstrate for the first time the mechanism of CORM-A1-mediated amelioration of pro-atherogenic manifestations through inhibition of miR-34a-5p expression in the atherogenic milieu and consequential rescue of SIRT1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarthi S Vyas
- Chronobiology and Metabolic Endocrinology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Ravirajsinh N Jadeja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Aliasgar Vohra
- Chronobiology and Metabolic Endocrinology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
| | - Kapil K Upadhyay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA
| | - Menaka C Thounaojam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - Ranjitsinh V Devkar
- Chronobiology and Metabolic Endocrinology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390002, India
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11
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Aggarwal R, Potel KN, McFalls EO, Butterick TA, Kelly RF. Novel Therapeutic Approaches Enhance PGC1-alpha to Reduce Oxidant Stress-Inflammatory Signaling and Improve Functional Recovery in Hibernating Myocardium. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2155. [PMID: 36358527 PMCID: PMC9686496 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease affects millions of people around the world. Current treatment options, including coronary artery bypass grafting, do not result in full functional recovery, highlighting the need for novel adjunctive therapeutic approaches. Hibernation describes the myocardial response to prolonged ischemia and involves a set of complex cytoprotective metabolic and functional adaptations. PGC1-alpha, a key regulator of mitochondrial energy metabolism and inhibitor of oxidant-stress-inflammatory signaling, is known to be downregulated in hibernating myocardium. PGC1-alpha is a critical component of cellular stress responses and links cellular metabolism with inflammation in the ischemic heart. While beneficial in the acute setting, a chronic state of hibernation can be associated with self-perpetuating oxidant stress-inflammatory signaling which leads to tissue injury. It is likely that incomplete functional recovery following revascularization of chronically ischemic myocardium is due to persistence of metabolic changes as well as prooxidant and proinflammatory signaling. Enhancement of PGC1-alpha signaling has been proposed as a possible way to improve functional recovery in patients with ischemic heart disease. Adjunctive mesenchymal stem cell therapy has been shown to induce PGC1-alpha signaling in hibernating myocardium and could help improve clinical outcomes for patients undergoing bypass surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishav Aggarwal
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Koray N. Potel
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Edward O. McFalls
- Division of Cardiology, Richmond VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249-4915, USA
| | - Tammy A. Butterick
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
- Department of Research, Center for Veterans Research and Education, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
| | - Rosemary F. Kelly
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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12
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Sharma AL, Wang H, Zhang Z, Millien G, Tyagi M, Hongpaisan J. HIV Promotes Neurocognitive Impairment by Damaging the Hippocampal Microvessels. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4966-4986. [PMID: 35665894 PMCID: PMC10071835 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02890-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence suggests that mild cerebrovascular changes could induce neurodegeneration and contribute to HIV-associated neurocognitive disease (HAND) in HIV patients. We investigated both the quantitative and qualitative impact of HIV infection on brain microvessels, especially on hippocampal microvessels, which are crucial for optimal O2 supply, and thus for maintaining memory and cognitive abilities. The results obtained using cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) were reproduced using a suitable mouse model and autopsied human HIV hippocampus. In HBMEC, we found significantly higher oxidative stress-dependent apoptotic cell loss following 5 h of treatment of GST-Tat (1 µg/ml) compared to GST (1 µg/ml) control. We noticed complete recovery of HBMEC cells after 24 h of GST-Tat treatment, due to temporal degradation or inactivation of GST-Tat. Interestingly, we found a sustained increase in mitochondrial oxidative DNA damage marker 8-OHdG, as well as an increase in hypoxia-inducible factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). In our mouse studies, upon short-term injection of GST-Tat, we found the loss of small microvessels (mostly capillaries) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but not large microvessels (arterioles and venules) in the hippocampus. In addition to capillary loss, in the post-mortem HIV-infected human hippocampus, we observed large microvessels with increased wall cells and perivascular tissue degeneration. Together, our data show a crucial role of Tat in inducing HIF-1α-dependent inhibition of mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) and dilated perivascular space. Thus, our results further define the underlying molecular mechanism promoting mild cerebrovascular disease, neuropathy, and HAND pathogenesis in HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhikarimayum Lakhikumar Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Huaixing Wang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Guetchyn Millien
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Mudit Tyagi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Jefferson Alumni Hall, PA, 19107, Philadelphia, USA.
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13
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Cholecystokinin Octapeptide Promotes ANP Secretion through Activation of NOX4-PGC-1 α-PPAR α/PPAR γ Signaling in Isolated Beating Rat Atria. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5905374. [PMID: 35770043 PMCID: PMC9236793 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5905374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a canonical cardiac hormone, is mainly secreted from atrial myocytes and is involved in the regulation of body fluid, blood pressure homeostasis, and antioxidants. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is also found in cardiomyocytes as a novel cardiac hormone and induces multiple cardiovascular regulations. However, the direct role of CCK on the atrial mechanical dynamics and ANP secretion is unclear. The current study was to investigate the effect of CCK octapeptide (CCK-8) on the regulation of atrial dynamics and ANP secretion. Experiments were performed in isolated perfused beating rat atria. ANP was measured using radioimmunoassay. The levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and arachidonic acid (AA) were determined using ELISA Kits. The levels of relative proteins and mRNA were detected by Western blot and RT-qPCR. The results showed that sulfated CCK-8 (CCK-8s) rather than desulfated CCK-8 increased the levels of phosphorylated cytosolic phospholipase A2 and AA release through activation of CCK receptors. This led to the upregulation of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression levels and H2O2 production and played a negative inotropic effect on atrial mechanical dynamics via activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels and large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. In addition, CCK-8s-induced NOX4 subsequently upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression levels through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase as well as the serine/threonine kinase signaling, ultimately promoting the secretion of ANP via activation of PPARα and PPARγ. In the presence of the ANP receptor inhibitor, the CCK-8-induced increase of AA release, H2O2 production, and the upregulation of NOX4 and CAT expressions was augmented but the SOD expression induced by CCK-8s was repealed. These findings indicate that CCK-8s promotes the secretion of ANP through activation of NOX4-PGC-1α-PPARα/PPARγ signaling, in which ANP is involved in resistance for NOX4 expression and ROS production and regulation of SOD expression.
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14
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Chen L, Qin Y, Liu B, Gao M, Li A, Li X, Gong G. PGC-1 α-Mediated Mitochondrial Quality Control: Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Heart Failure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:871357. [PMID: 35721484 PMCID: PMC9199988 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.871357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria with structural and functional integrity are essential for maintaining mitochondrial function and cardiac homeostasis. It is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α), acted as a transcriptional cofactor, is abundant in the heart, which modulates mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy to sustain a steady-state of mitochondria. Cumulative evidence suggests that dysregulation of PGC-1α is closely related to the onset and progression of heart failure. PGC-1α deficient-mice can lead to worse cardiac function under pressure overload compared to sham. Here, this review mainly focuses on what is known about its regulation in mitochondrial functions, as well as its crucial role in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bilin Liu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Gong
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Abstract
As a muscular pump that contracts incessantly throughout life, the heart must constantly generate cellular energy to support contractile function and fuel ionic pumps to maintain electrical homeostasis. Thus, mitochondrial metabolism of multiple metabolic substrates such as fatty acids, glucose, ketones, and lactate is essential to ensuring an uninterrupted supply of ATP. Multiple metabolic pathways converge to maintain myocardial energy homeostasis. The regulation of these cardiac metabolic pathways has been intensely studied for many decades. Rapid adaptation of these pathways is essential for mediating the myocardial adaptation to stress, and dysregulation of these pathways contributes to myocardial pathophysiology as occurs in heart failure and in metabolic disorders such as diabetes. The regulation of these pathways reflects the complex interactions of cell-specific regulatory pathways, neurohumoral signals, and changes in substrate availability in the circulation. Significant advances have been made in the ability to study metabolic regulation in the heart, and animal models have played a central role in contributing to this knowledge. This review will summarize metabolic pathways in the heart and describe their contribution to maintaining myocardial contractile function in health and disease. The review will summarize lessons learned from animal models with altered systemic metabolism and those in which specific metabolic regulatory pathways have been genetically altered within the heart. The relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of cardiac metabolism and the pathophysiology of heart failure and how these have been informed by animal models will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Bugger
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - Nikole J Byrne
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (E.D.A.)
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16
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Balogun K, Serghides L. Comparison of the Effects of Three Dual-Nucleos(t)ide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Backbones on Placenta Mitochondria Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Using a Mouse Pregnancy Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1063. [PMID: 35631648 PMCID: PMC9146125 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14051063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are the backbone of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART use in pregnancy has been associated with adverse birth outcomes, in part due to NRTI-induced mitochondrial toxicity. Direct comparison on the effects of commonly used dual-NRTI regimens on placental mitochondria toxicity in pregnancy is lacking. We compared zidovudine/lamivudine, abacavir/lamivudine, and tenofovir/emtricitabine using a mouse model and examined markers of placental mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. Zidovudine/lamivudine and abacavir/lamivudine were associated with lower fetal and placental weights compared to controls, whereas tenofovir/emtricitabine was associated with the least fetal and placental weight reduction, as well as lower resorption rates. Placental mitochondrial DNA content, as well as placental expression of cytochrome c-oxidase subunit-II, DNA polymerase gamma, and citrate synthase, was higher in tenofovir/emtricitabine-treated mice compared to other groups. Zidovudine/lamivudine-treated mice had elevated malondialdehyde levels (oxidative stress marker) compared to other groups and lower mRNA levels of manganese superoxide dismutase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha in the placenta compared to tenofovir/emtricitabine-treated mice. We observed differences in effects between NRTI regimens on placental mitochondrial function and birth outcomes. Tenofovir/emtricitabine was associated with larger fetuses, increased mtDNA content, and higher expression of mitochondrial-specific antioxidant enzymes and mitochondrial biogenesis enzymes, whereas zidovudine/lamivudine was associated with markers of placental oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayode Balogun
- Saskatchewan Health Authority, Regina, SK S4S 0A5, Canada;
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Lena Serghides
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada
- Department of Immunology and Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
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17
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Fisetin attenuates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by improving mitochondrial quality, reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:547-561. [PMID: 35133446 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Renal ischemic reperfusion (IR) injury is one of the major source of mortality and morbidity associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). Several flavonoids have shown to be renal protective against many nephrotoxic agents causing AKI. Fisetin, a promising flavonoid, is effective in the management of septic AKI, expected to ameliorate renal IR injury. The present study aimed to generate evidence for fisetin-mediated renal protection against IR injury. Male Wistar rats of 200-250 g were subjected to IR protocol by performing bilateral clamping for 45 min and reperfusion for 24 h. Fisetin was administrated 30 min (20 mg/kg b.wt, ip) before the surgery. Renal injury was evaluated by measuring the biomarkers in plasma, examining the ultra-structure of the kidney, and analyzing the apoptotic changes. Oxidative stress, antioxidant levels, and mitochondrial function were analyzed in the renal tissue. Fisetin administration significantly reduced the renal damages associated with IR by improving estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR: IR-0.35 ml/min, F_IR-9.03 ml/min), reducing plasma creatinine level (IR-2.2 mg/dl, F_IR-0.92 mg/dl), and lowering urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (IR-6.09 F_IR-2.16), caspase activity, decreased DNA fragmentation and reduced tubular injury score (IR- 11 F_IR-6.5). At the cellular level, fisetin significantly reduced renal oxidative stress and augmented the antioxidant levels. Fisetin was found to preserve mitochondrial electron transport chain activities and improved the ATP producing capacity in the renal tissue upon IR injury. Fisetin pretreatment attenuates renal IR injury by improving renal function, reducing the renal injury mediated by apoptosis, reducing free radical release, and augmenting mitochondrial function.
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18
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Peng H, Fu S, Wang S, Xu H, Dhanasekaran M, Chen H, Shao C, Yuanzhuo, Ren J. Ablation of FUNDC1-dependent mitophagy renders myocardium resistant to paraquat-induced ferroptosis and contractile dysfunction. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Millien G, Wang H, Zhang Z, Alkon DL, Hongpaisan J. PKCε Activation Restores Loss of PKCε, Manganese Superoxide Dismutase, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and Microvessels in Aged and Alzheimer’s Disease Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:836634. [PMID: 35299945 PMCID: PMC8922019 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.836634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction and capillary loss are currently considered to be a primary phenotype of normal human aging and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activation of protein kinase C (PKCε) improves several molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral endpoints, yet it is not known whether a loss of PKCε activity occurs in the microvascular endothelium in aged and AD hippocampi, whether this loss contributes to microvascular change, or whether activation of PKCε protects against microvascular damage, an early change that induces age-associated memory defect and AD. We investigated the effect of the PKCε activation on microvascular loss in the hippocampus, important for memory storage. In cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells, tert-butyl hydroperoxide induced oxidative stress and a decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mRNA and protein expression that were blocked by the antioxidant drugs. The PKCε activators bryostatin and DCPLA methyl ester increased PKCε, associated with an increase in MnSOD mRNA and its protein as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which was inhibited by the mRNA-stabilizing HuR inhibitors. In rats (>24 months old) and AD transgenic mice Tg2576 (5 months old), bryostatin or DCP-LA prevented a decrease in vascular PKCε, MnSOD, and VEGF and prevented microvascular loss and age-related memory impairment. An autopsy-confirmed AD hippocampus showed a decrease in PKCε and MnSOD mRNAs and their proteins and VEGF as well as in microvascular density compared to non-AD controls. In conclusion, the PKCε activation can rescue a decrease in PKCε, MnSOD, and VEGF via posttranscription regulation and alleviate oxidative stress, and in doing so, prevent microvascular loss during aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guetchyn Millien
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huaixing Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Zongxiu Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dan L. Alkon
- Neurotrope Bioscience, Inc., New York, NY, United States
| | - Jarin Hongpaisan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jarin Hongpaisan,
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20
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Wang L, Kong L, Xu S, Wang X, Huang K, Wang S, Wu J, Wang C, Sun H, Liu K, Meng Q. Isoliquiritigenin-mediated miR-23a-3p inhibition activates PGC-1α to alleviate alcoholic liver injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153845. [PMID: 34785106 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), one of the most prevalent forms of liver disease, has received wide attention worldwide. However, limited efficient and appropriate therapeutic agents were responded to ALD. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid isolated from liquorice, possesses multiple pharmacological activities. PURPOSE The current study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of ISL against ALD and further elucidate the involvement of miR-23a-3p/peroxisome proliferative activated receptor-γ coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) in vivo and in vitro experiments. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In the study, H&E and Oil Red O staining were employed to detect liver histopathological changes and the accumulation of lipid droplets. Quantitative real-time PCR, bioinformatics, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Western blot, and siRNA were used to further explore the mechanism of ISL protection. RESULTS ISL significantly reduced the liver-to-body weight ratios and biochemical index. The staining results showed that ISL remarkedly ameliorated the histopathological changes in the liver. Furthermore, ISL promoted fatty acid metabolism via induction in the expression of PGC-1α-target genes PPARα, CPT1α, and ACADs, and inhibited the ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression. Bioinformatics and Luciferase assay analysis confirmed that miR-23a-3p might bind to PGC-1α mRNA in ALD. Significantly, the expression of miR-23a-3p was increased in the ALD, which was significantly decreased by ISL. In addition, the miR-23a-3p inhibitor also promoted lipid metabolism in ALD via PGC-1α activation. CONCLUSIONS We first demonstrated that ISL could alleviate ALD, and further verified that ISL exerted protective effects through modulating miR-23a-3p/PGC-1α-mediated lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi 214023, China
| | - Shuyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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21
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Wang L, Wang X, Kong L, Li Y, Huang K, Wu J, Wang C, Sun H, Sun P, Gu J, Luo H, Liu K, Meng Q. Activation of PGC-1α via isoliquiritigenin-induced downregulation of miR-138-5p alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Phytother Res 2022; 36:899-913. [PMID: 35041255 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a metabolic disease, has received wide attention worldwide. However, there is no approved effective drug for NAFLD treatment. In the study, H&E and Oil Red O staining were employed to detect liver histopathological changes and the accumulation of lipid droplets. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, bioinformatics, luciferase assay, immunofluorescence staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and siRNA were used to further elucidate the mechanism of isoliquiritigenin (ISL) against NAFLD. The results showed that ISL significantly reduced the liver-to-body weight ratios and biochemical index. And the staining results showed that ISL remarkedly ameliorated liver histopathological changes of NAFLD. Furthermore, ISL significantly increased the levels of PPARα, CPT1α, and ACADS, which were involved in lipid metabolism, and inhibited the ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression by activating PGC-1α. Bioinformatics and luciferase assay analysis confirmed that miR-138-5p might bind to PGC-1α mRNA in NAFLD. Importantly, the expression of miR-138-5p was increased in the NAFLD, which was significantly decreased by ISL. In addition, the miR-138-5p inhibitor also promoted lipid metabolism and inhibited inflammatory response in NAFLD via PGC-1α activation. The above results demonstrate that ISL alleviates NAFLD through modulating miR-138-5p/PGC-1α-mediated lipid metabolism and inflammatory reaction in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lina Kong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Clinical Trial Institution, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiangning Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Haifeng Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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22
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RNA-Seq Profiling to Investigate the Mechanism of Qishen Granules on Regulating Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism of Heart Failure in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2021:5779307. [PMID: 35003305 PMCID: PMC8741342 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5779307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background. Qishen granules (QSG) are a frequently prescribed formula with cardioprotective properties prescribed to HF for many years. RNA-seq profiling revealed that regulation on cardiac mitochondrial energy metabolism is the main therapeutic effect. However, the underlying mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we explored the effects of QSG on regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxidative stress through the PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM signaling pathway. RNA-seq technology revealed that QSG significantly changed the differential gene expression of mitochondrial dysfunction in myocardial ischemic tissue. The mechanism was verified through the left anterior descending artery- (LAD-) induced HF rat model and oxygen glucose deprivation/recovery- (OGD/R-) established H9C2 induction model both in vivo and in vitro. Echocardiography and HE staining showed that QSG could effectively improve the cardiac function of rats with myocardial infarction in functionality and structure. Furthermore, transcriptomics revealed QSG could significantly regulate mitochondrial dysfunction-related proteins at the transcriptome level. The results of electron microscopy and immunofluorescence proved that the mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial membrane structural integrity, and myocardial oxidative stress damage can be effectively improved after QSG treatment. Mechanism studies showed that QSG increased the expression level of mitochondrial biogenesis factor PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM protein and regulated the balance of mitochondrial fusion/fission protein expression. QSG could regulate mitochondrial dysfunction in ischemia heart tissue to protect cardiac function and structure in HF rats. The likely mechanism is the adjustment of PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM pathway to alleviate oxidative stress in myocardial cells. Therefore, PGC-1α may be a potential therapeutic target for improving mitochondrial dysfunction in HF.
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23
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Zhang X, Mao M, Zuo Z. Palmitate Induces Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism Disorder and Cellular Damage via the PPAR Signaling Pathway in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2287-2299. [PMID: 35936050 PMCID: PMC9355343 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s360931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To establish an in vitro lipotoxicity model with mouse cardiomyocytes (MCMs) and investigate the molecular mechanism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling on mitochondrial energy metabolism disorder and cellular injury in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). METHODS Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed on the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of DCM. CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation inhibition effect of palmitate (PA) on MCMs. Oil red O staining and mRNA levels of CD36 were used to verify intracellular lipid accumulation. DCFH-DA method was used to determine the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ATP levels were detected by the ATP Detection Kit. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the mitochondrial structure. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PPARα, PPARγ, P-mTOR, mTOR, PGC-1α, UCP2, and BNP. In addition, the expression of PPARγ was also detected by cellular immunofluorescence staining. BNP levels were detected by qRT-PCR and the ELISA Kit. RESULTS KEGG pathway analysis combined with GO analysis has shown that PPAR signaling played a significant regulatory role in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid metabolism in DCM. Then, MCMs stimulated with PA for 24 h were selected as an in vitro lipotoxicity model. PA decreased cell viability, cell membrane shrinkage, and lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, PA-induced increase in cellular ROS led to ATP generation reduction and mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, the expression levels of p-mTOR- PPARα/γ were decreased, and the expressions of PGC-1α and UCP2 were increased. The levels of BNP were elevated, demonstrating PA impaired cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSION Mitochondrial energy metabolism obstacle and cell injury appeared in cardiac lipotoxicity of DCM, associated with lipid accumulation and increased ROS, indicating a crosstalk with the PPAR pathway mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Zhong Zuo, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Medical College Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, People’s Republic of China, Email
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24
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Xirouchaki CE, Jia Y, McGrath MJ, Greatorex S, Tran M, Merry TL, Hong D, Eramo MJ, Broome SC, Woodhead JST, D’souza RF, Gallagher J, Salimova E, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Sadoshima J, Watt MJ, Mitchell CA, Tiganis T. Skeletal muscle NOX4 is required for adaptive responses that prevent insulin resistance. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabl4988. [PMID: 34910515 PMCID: PMC8673768 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl4988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during exercise are considered integral for the health-promoting effects of exercise. However, the precise mechanisms by which exercise and ROS promote metabolic health remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that skeletal muscle NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4), which is induced after exercise, facilitates ROS-mediated adaptive responses that promote muscle function, maintain redox balance, and prevent the development of insulin resistance. Conversely, reductions in skeletal muscle NOX4 in aging and obesity contribute to the development of insulin resistance. NOX4 deletion in skeletal muscle compromised exercise capacity and antioxidant defense and promoted oxidative stress and insulin resistance in aging and obesity. The abrogated adaptive mechanisms, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance could be corrected by deleting the H2O2-detoxifying enzyme GPX-1 or by treating mice with an agonist of NFE2L2, the master regulator of antioxidant defense. These findings causally link NOX4-derived ROS in skeletal muscle with adaptive responses that promote muscle function and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysovalantou E. Xirouchaki
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Yaoyao Jia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Meagan J. McGrath
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Spencer Greatorex
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Melanie Tran
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Troy L. Merry
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dawn Hong
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Eramo
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Sophie C. Broome
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan S. T. Woodhead
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Randall F. D’souza
- Discipline of Nutrition, Faculty of Medical and
Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Gallagher
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ekaterina Salimova
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University,
Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Ralf B. Schittenhelm
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine,
Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ
07103, USA
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton,
Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Christina A. Mitchell
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Tiganis
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Monash Metabolic Phenotyping Facility, Monash
University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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25
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Zeng N, Huang YQ, Yan YM, Hu ZQ, Zhang Z, Feng JX, Guo JS, Zhu JN, Fu YH, Wang XP, Zhang MZ, Duan JZ, Zheng XL, Xu JD, Shan ZX. Diverging targets mediate the pathological roleof miR-199a-5p and miR-199a-3p by promoting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:1035-1050. [PMID: 34786209 PMCID: PMC8571541 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-199a-5p (miR-199a-5p) and -3p are enriched in the myocardium, but it is unknown whether miR-199a-5p and -3p are co-expressed in cardiac remodeling and what roles they have in cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We show that miR-199a-5p and -3p are co-upregulated in the mouse and human myocardium with cardiac remodeling and in Ang-II-treated neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes (NMVCs) and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). miR-199a-5p and -3p could aggravate cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. PPAR gamma coactivator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) were identified as target genes to mediate miR-199a-5p in promoting both cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, miR-199a-3p aggravated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis through targeting RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (Rb1) and Smad1, respectively. Serum response factor and nuclear factor κB p65 participated in the upregulation of miR-199a-5p and -3p in Ang-II-treated NMVCs and mouse CFs, and could be conversely elevated by miR-199a-5p and -3p. Together, Ppargc1a and Sirt1, Rb1 and Smad1 mediated the pathological effect of miR-199a-5p and -3p by promoting cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, respectively. This study suggests a possible new strategy for cardiac remodeling therapy by inhibiting miR-199a-5p and -3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zeng
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu-Qing Huang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu-Min Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhi-Qin Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xin Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ji-Shen Guo
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jie-Ning Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yong-Heng Fu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xi-Pei Wang
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meng-Zhen Zhang
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jin-Zhu Duan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jin-Dong Xu
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Shan
- Research Center of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
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26
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Louzada RA, Padron AS, Marques-Neto SR, Maciel L, Werneck-de-Castro JP, Ferreira ACF, Nascimento JHM, Carvalho DP. 3,5-Diiodothyronine protects against cardiac ischaemia-reperfusion injury in male rats. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:2185-2197. [PMID: 34605090 DOI: 10.1113/ep089589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? 3,5-Diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) administration increases resting metabolic rate, prevents or treats liver steatosis in rodent models, and ameliorates insulin resistance: what are its effects on cardiac electrical and contractile properties and autonomic regulation? What is the main finding and its importance? Chronic 3,5-T2 administration has no adverse effects on cardiac function. Remarkably, 3,5-T2 improves the autonomous control of the rat heart and protects against ischaemia-reperfusion injury. ABSTRACT The use of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) to treat metabolic diseases has been hindered by potential adverse effects on liver, lipid metabolism and cardiac electrical properties. It is recognized that 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) administration increases resting metabolic rate, prevents or treats liver steatosis in rodent models and ameliorates insulin resistance, suggesting 3,5-T2 as a potential therapeutic tool. However, a comprehensive assessment of cardiac electrical and contractile properties has not been made so far. Three-month-old Wistar rats were daily administered vehicle, 3,5-T2 or 3,5-T2+T4 and no signs of atrial or ventricular arrhythmia were detected in non-anaesthetized rats during 90 days. Cardiac function was preserved as heart rate, left ventricle diameter and shortening fraction in 3,5-T2-treated rats compared to vehicle and 3,5-T2+T4 groups. Power spectral analysis indicated an amelioration of the heart rate variability only in 3,5-T2-treated rats. An increased baroreflex sensitivity at rest was observed in both 3,5-T2-treated groups. Finally, 3,5-T2 Langendorff-perfused hearts presented a significant recovery of left ventricular function and remarkably smaller infarction area after ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In conclusion, chronic 3,5-T2 administration ameliorates tonic cardiac autonomic control and confers cardioprotection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in healthy male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruy Andrade Louzada
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alvaro Souto Padron
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvio Rodrigues Marques-Neto
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.,Universidade Estácio de Sá (UNESA), Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício (LAFIEX), Curso de Educação Física, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Maciel
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Claudia Freitas Ferreira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,NUMPEX, Campus Duque de Caxias, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Hamilton Matheus Nascimento
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia Cardíaca Antonio Paes de Carvalho, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Denise Pires Carvalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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27
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Gravandi MM, Fakhri S, Zarneshan SN, Yarmohammadi A, Khan H. Flavonoids modulate AMPK/PGC-1α and interconnected pathways toward potential neuroprotective activities. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1501-1521. [PMID: 33988807 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00750-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
As progressive, chronic, incurable and common reasons for disability and death, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are significant threats to human health. Besides, the increasing prevalence of neuronal gradual degeneration and death during NDDs has made them a global concern. Since yet, no effective treatment has been developed to combat multiple dysregulated pathways/mediators and related complications in NDDs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create influential and multi-target factors to combat neuronal damages. Accordingly, the plant kingdom has drawn a bright future. Among natural entities, flavonoids are considered a rich source of drug discovery and development with potential biological and medicinal activities. Growing studies have reported multiple dysregulated pathways in NDDs, which among those mediator AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) play critical roles. In this line, critical role of flavonoids in the upregulation of AMPK/PGC-1α pathway seems to pave the road in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), aging, central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) damages, stroke, and other NDDs. In the present study, the regulatory role of flavonoids in managing various NDDs has been shown to pass through AMPK/PGC-1α signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | | | - Akram Yarmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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28
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Poitras TM, Munchrath E, Zochodne DW. Neurobiological Opportunities in Diabetic Polyneuropathy. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2303-2323. [PMID: 34935118 PMCID: PMC8804062 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights a selection of potential translational directions for the treatment of diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) currently irreversible and without approved interventions beyond pain management. The list does not include all diabetic targets that have been generated over several decades of research but focuses on newer work. The emphasis is firstly on approaches that support the viability and growth of peripheral neurons and their ability to withstand a barrage of diabetic alterations. We include a section describing Schwann cell targets and finally how mitochondrial damage has been a common element in discussing neuropathic damage. Most of the molecules and pathways described here have not yet reached clinical trials, but many trials have been negative to date. Nonetheless, these failures clear the pathway for new thoughts over reversing DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor M Poitras
- Peripheral Nerve Research Laboratory, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132A Clinical Sciences Building, 11350-83 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Easton Munchrath
- Peripheral Nerve Research Laboratory, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132A Clinical Sciences Building, 11350-83 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada
| | - Douglas W Zochodne
- Peripheral Nerve Research Laboratory, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine and the Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 7-132A Clinical Sciences Building, 11350-83 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2G3, Canada.
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29
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Eteghadi MR, Nasehi M, Vaseghi S, Hesami-Tackallou S. The effect of Crocin on TFAM and PGC-1α expression and Catalase and Superoxide dismutase activities following cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the striatum of male Wistar rats. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:1791-1801. [PMID: 34019207 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bile secretion is a physiological function that is disrupted following Bile Duct Ligation (BDL) and induces cholestasis. Cholestasis is a bile flow reduction that induces apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation, and alters the expression of genes. Evidence shows the relationship between cholestasis and neuroinflammation. Cholestasis via attenuating mitochondrial biogenesis and anti-oxidant activity can induce neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Mitochondrial transcriptional factor A (TFAM) and Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, and TFAM, PGC-1α, Catalase (CAT), and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) have a role in upregulating antioxidant pathways. On the other hand, many studies have shown the neuroprotective effects of Crocin, the water-soluble carotenoid of Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of Crocin on the level of TFAM, PGC-1α, CAT, and SOD following cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the rat's striatum. Cholestasis was induced by BDL surgery and administration of Crocin was intraperitoneal, at the dose of 30 mg/kg every day, 24 h after BDL surgery up to thirty days. The results showed that TFAM, PGC-1α, and SOD were decreased following cholestasis; while, CAT was increased. In addition, Crocin restored the effects of cholestasis on the level of TFAM, PGC-1α, and SOD. In conclusion, Crocin may have improvement effects on cholestasis-induced neuroinflammation in the rat's striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Eteghadi
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Hesami-Tackallou
- Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
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30
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Li J, Zhang Y, Zeng X, Cheng Y, Tang L, Hong D, Yang X. Lycopene ameliorates insulin resistance and increases muscle capillary density in aging via activation of SIRT1. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 99:108862. [PMID: 34530111 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene (Ly) is a kind of hydrocarbon, which belongs to the family of tetraterpene carotene and exists in red fruits and vegetables. The decrease of capillary density and blood flow with age is a significant reason for the increase of mortality and morbidity. Herein, our study aims to explore the effects of Ly (a bioactive food compound) on vascular aging in vitro and in vivo and its potential mechanisms. The cytological results showed that Ly could promote the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVECs) and enhance the ability of HUVECs to form capillary-like structures. Furthermore, the expression of SIRT1 in aged HUVECs was up-regulated. In vivo, aging rats showed signs of insulin resistance and blood vessel damage. Additionally, the capillary density and blood flow were reduced during the vascular aging process in both D-gal-induced and naturally aging muscle. However, when Ly was given, these conditions could be reversed. Simultaneously, the contents of ATP, lactic acid and pyruvic acid were determined, and it was found that Ly could promote angiogenesis by increasing the utilization rate of glucose and promoting energy metabolism. Finally, in the insulin resistance cell model, we knocked down the SIRT1 and administrated with Ly, and found that it couldn't restore insulin transdution. In conclusion, all the data in this study demonstrate that Ly could reactivate SIRT1 and improve insulin resistance, which was a reversible cause of vascular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, P. R. China; Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yingjiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Liu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ding Hong
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, P. R. China.
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Shi Z, Wang S, Deng J, Gong Z. PGC-1α attenuates the oxidative stress-induced impaired osteogenesis and angiogenesis regulation effects of mesenchymal stem cells in the presence of diabetic serum. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101070. [PMID: 34286110 PMCID: PMC8278528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is believed to induce dysfunction of the bone remodeling process and be associated with progressive loss of bone mass. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) is a master controller during mitochondrial biogenesis and the antioxidant response. We postulated that PGC-1α could function as a cyto-protective effector in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) under oxidative stress conditions. In this study, diabetic serum was firstly used to treat MSCs to induce oxidative damage. The anti-oxidative protective effects of PGC-1α overexpression on MSCs, as well as MSCs' osteogenesis and angiogenic regulation effects were investigated in vitro. Results showed that diabetic conditions induced significantly increase of intracellular oxidative damage and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening activity, decrease of cellular viability, and osteogenic differentiation and pro-angiogenic regulation effects of MSCs. However, the diabetic conditions induced oxidative impair on MSCs were significantly alleviated via PGC-1α overexpression under diabetic conditions. Taken together, this study indicates the anti-oxidative treatment potential of PGC-1α regulation as a promising strategy to promote coupling pro-osteogenesis and pro-angiogenesis effects of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxin Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, and Liangxiang Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45, Gongchen Ave., Liangxiang, Fangshan Dist., Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Shikun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, and Liangxiang Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45, Gongchen Ave., Liangxiang, Fangshan Dist., Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jiechao Deng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, and Liangxiang Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45, Gongchen Ave., Liangxiang, Fangshan Dist., Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Zishun Gong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Liangxiang Hospital of Beijing Fangshan District, and Liangxiang Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, No.45, Gongchen Ave., Liangxiang, Fangshan Dist., Beijing, 102488, China
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Wasyluk W, Nowicka-Stążka P, Zwolak A. Heart Metabolism in Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy-Unusual Metabolic Dysfunction of the Heart. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147598. [PMID: 34300048 PMCID: PMC8303349 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Due to the need for continuous work, the heart uses up to 8% of the total energy expenditure. Due to the relatively low adenosine triphosphate (ATP) storage capacity, the heart's work is dependent on its production. This is possible due to the metabolic flexibility of the heart, which allows it to use numerous substrates as a source of energy. Under normal conditions, a healthy heart obtains approximately 95% of its ATP by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria. The primary source of energy is fatty acid oxidation, the rest of the energy comes from the oxidation of pyruvate. A failed heart is characterised by a disturbance in these proportions, with the contribution of individual components as a source of energy depending on the aetiology and stage of heart failure. A unique form of cardiac dysfunction is sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, characterised by a significant reduction in energy production and impairment of cardiac oxidation of both fatty acids and glucose. Metabolic disorders appear to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction and therefore are a promising target for future therapies. However, as many aspects of the metabolism of the failing heart remain unexplained, this issue requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Wasyluk
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.N.-S.); (A.Z.)
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrycja Nowicka-Stążka
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.N.-S.); (A.Z.)
| | - Agnieszka Zwolak
- Chair of Internal Medicine and Department of Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (P.N.-S.); (A.Z.)
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Naumenko N, Mutikainen M, Holappa L, Ruas JL, Tuomainen T, Tavi P. PGC-1α deficiency reveals sex-specific links between cardiac energy metabolism and EC-coupling during development of heart failure in mice. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:1520-1534. [PMID: 34086875 PMCID: PMC9074965 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Biological sex has fundamental effects on mammalian heart physiology and pathogenesis. While it has been established that female sex is a protective factor against most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), this beneficial effect may involve pathways associated with cardiac energy metabolism. Our aim was to elucidate the role of transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in sex dimorphism of heart failure (HF) development. Methods and results Here, we show that mice deficient in cardiac expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) develop dilated HF associated with changes in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, calcium handling, cell structure, electrophysiology, as well as gene expression. These cardiac changes occur in both sexes, but female mice develop an earlier and more severe structural and functional phenotype associated with dyssynchronous local calcium release resulting from disruption of t-tubular structures of the cardiomyocytes. Conclusions These data reveal that the integrity of the subcellular Ca2+ release and uptake machinery is dependent on energy metabolism and that female hearts are more prone to suffer from contractile dysfunction in conditions with compromised production of cellular energy. Furthermore, these findings suggest that PGC-1α is a central mediator of sex-specific differences in heart function and CVD susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Naumenko
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maija Mutikainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Lari Holappa
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jorge L Ruas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomi Tuomainen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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PGC-1 α Protects against Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Activating PPAR α and PPAR γ and Regulating ROS Production. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6677955. [PMID: 34104311 PMCID: PMC8159639 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6677955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) α and γ have been shown to be protective in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, the precise role of PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), which can coactivate both of these receptors, in hepatic I/R injury, remains largely unknown. This study was designed to test our hypothesis that PGC-1α is protective during hepatic I/R injury in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that endogenous PGC-1α is basally expressed in normal livers and is moderately increased by I/R. Ectopic PGC-1α protects against hepatic I/R and hepatocyte anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injuries, whereas knockdown of endogenous PGC-1α aggravates such injuries, as evidenced by assessment of the levels of serum aminotransferases and inflammatory cytokines, necrosis, apoptosis, cell viability, and histological examination. The EMSA assay shows that the activation of PPARα and PPARγ is increased or decreased by the overexpression or knockdown of PGC-1α, respectively, during hepatic I/R and hepatocyte A/R injuries. In addition, the administration of specific antagonists of either PPARα (MK886) or PPARγ (GW9662) can effectively decrease the protective effect of PGC-1α against hepatic I/R and hepatocyte A/R injuries. We also demonstrate an important regulatory role of PGC-1α in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism during hepatic I/R, which is correlated with the induction of ROS-detoxifying enzymes and is also dependent on the activations of PPARα and PPARγ. These data demonstrate that PGC-1α protects against hepatic I/R injury, mainly by regulating the activation of PPARα and PPARγ. Thus, PGC-1α may be a promising therapeutic target for the protection of the liver against I/R injury.
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Deng X, Yang P, Gao T, Liu M, Li X. Allicin attenuates myocardial apoptosis, inflammation and mitochondrial injury during hypoxia-reoxygenation: an in vitro study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:200. [PMID: 33882833 PMCID: PMC8059159 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-01918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury is a damage due to an initial reduction in blood flow to the heart, preventing it from receiving enough oxygen, and subsequent restoration of blood flow through the opening of an occluded coronary artery producing paradoxical harmful effects. The finding of new therapies to prevent IR is of utmost importance. Allicin is a compound isolated from garlic having the ability to prevent and cure different diseases, and a protective effect on the myocardium was also demonstrated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro protective effect of Allicin against myocardial IR injury on cardiomyocytes. Methods We established an in vitro hypoxia-reoxygenation (HR) model of primary porcine cardiomyocytes to simulate myocardial IR injury. Primary porcine cardiomyocytes were extracted from Mini-musk swines (1 day old). After a period of adaptation of at least 2–3 days, cardiomyocytes in good condition were selected and randomly divided into control group (normal oxygen for 5 h), HR group (2 h of hypoxia/3 h of reoxygenation), and HR + Allicin group (hypoxia/reoxygenation + Allicin treatment). Results After the induction of hypoxia/reoxygenation, Allicin treatment enhanced the cell viability. Moreover, Allicin treatment resulted in a reduction of apoptosis from 13.5 ± 1.2% to 6.11 ± 0.15% compared with the HR group (p < 0.05), and the apoptosis related proteins were regulated as well, with a decreased expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cytosolic cytochrome C and an increase in Bcl-2 expression in the HR + Allicin group (all p < 0.01). Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were down-regulated by the treatment with Allicin (both p < 0.01). In addition, it significantly decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation (p < 0.01) and reduced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the expression of PPARγ coactivator-1α and endothelial nitric oxide synthase was up-regulated (both p < 0.01), while the expression of Endothelin-1, hypoxia inducing factor-1α and transforming growth factor beta was down-regulated (all p < 0.01) by Allicin treatment. Conclusions These results suggested that Allicin protected the cardiomyocytes against HR damage by reducing apoptosis, inflammation and mitochondrial injury, thus providing a basis for its potential use in the treatment of myocardial IR. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12872-021-01918-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Deng
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, 2 East Yinghuayuan Street, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Gao
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mengru Liu
- Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.,Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xianlun Li
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, 2 East Yinghuayuan Street, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China. .,Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China. .,Department of Integrative Medicine Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Ott C, Jung T, Brix S, John C, Betz IR, Foryst-Ludwig A, Deubel S, Kuebler WM, Grune T, Kintscher U, Grune J. Hypertrophy-Reduced Autophagy Causes Cardiac Dysfunction by Directly Impacting Cardiomyocyte Contractility. Cells 2021; 10:805. [PMID: 33916597 PMCID: PMC8065800 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling and contractile dysfunction are leading causes in hypertrophy-associated heart failure (HF), increasing with a population's rising age. A hallmark of aged and diseased hearts is the accumulation of modified proteins caused by an impaired autophagy-lysosomal-pathway. Although, autophagy inducer rapamycin has been described to exert cardioprotective effects, it remains to be shown whether these effects can be attributed to improved cardiomyocyte autophagy and contractility. In vivo hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), with mice receiving daily rapamycin injections beginning six weeks after surgery for four weeks. Echocardiographic analysis demonstrated TAC-induced HF and protein analyses showed abundance of modified proteins in TAC-hearts after 10 weeks, both reduced by rapamycin. In vitro, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was mimicked by endothelin 1 (ET-1) and autophagy manipulated by silencing Atg5 in neonatal cardiomyocytes. ET-1 and siAtg5 decreased Atg5-Atg12 and LC3-II, increased natriuretic peptides, and decreased amplitude and early phase of contraction in cardiomyocytes, the latter two evaluated using ImageJ macro Myocyter recently developed by us. ET-1 further decreased cell contractility in control but not in siAtg5 cells. In conclusion, ET-1 decreased autophagy and cardiomyocyte contractility, in line with siAtg5-treated cells and the results of TAC-mice demonstrating a crucial role for autophagy in cardiomyocyte contractility and cardiac performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Ott
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (T.J.); (C.J.); (S.D.); (T.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Tobias Jung
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (T.J.); (C.J.); (S.D.); (T.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Sarah Brix
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Cathleen John
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (T.J.); (C.J.); (S.D.); (T.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
| | - Iris R. Betz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Foryst-Ludwig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Deubel
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (T.J.); (C.J.); (S.D.); (T.G.)
| | - Wolfgang M. Kuebler
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tilman Grune
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; (T.J.); (C.J.); (S.D.); (T.G.)
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research, 85764 München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kintscher
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Grune
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 10785 Berlin, Germany; (S.B.); (I.R.B.); (A.F.-L.); (W.M.K.); (U.K.); (J.G.)
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Shakova FM, Kirova YI, Silachev DN, Romanova GA, Morozov SG. Protective Effects of PGC-1α Activators on Ischemic Stroke in a Rat Model of Photochemically Induced Thrombosis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:325. [PMID: 33806692 PMCID: PMC8002020 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pharmacological induction and activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α), a key regulator of ischemic brain tolerance, is a promising direction in neuroprotective therapy. Pharmacological agents with known abilities to modulate cerebral PGC-1α are scarce. This study focused on the potential PGC-1α-modulating activity of Mexidol (2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate) and Semax (ACTH(4-7) analog) in a rat model of photochemical-induced thrombosis (PT) in the prefrontal cortex. Mexidol (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally, and Semax (25 μg/kg) was administered intranasally, for 7 days each. The expression of PGC-1α and PGC-1α-dependent protein markers of mitochondriogenesis, angiogenesis, and synaptogenesis was measured in the penumbra via immunoblotting at Days 1, 3, 7, and 21 after PT. The nuclear content of PGC-1α was measured immunohistochemically. The suppression of PGC-1α expression was observed in the penumbra from 24 h to 21 days following PT and reflected decreases in both the number of neurons and PGC-1α expression in individual neurons. Administration of Mexidol or Semax was associated with preservation of the neuron number and neuronal expression of PGC-1α, stimulation of the nuclear translocation of PGC-1α, and increased contents of protein markers for PGC-1α activation. This study opens new prospects for the pharmacological modulation of PGC-1α in the ischemic brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima M. Shakova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Yuliya I. Kirova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory 1, Bldg. 40, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Histology, Embryology and Cytology Department, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina A. Romanova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Sergey G. Morozov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Baltiyskaya Str. 8, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (Y.I.K.); (G.A.R.); (S.G.M.)
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Xiang C, Zhang F, Gao J, Guo F, Zhang M, Zhou R, Wei J, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Yang H. Yixin-Shu Capsules Ameliorated Ischemia-Induced Heart Failure by Restoring Trx2 and Inhibiting JNK/p38 Activation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8049079. [PMID: 33643519 PMCID: PMC7902134 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8049079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine has shown great safety and efficacy in the treatment of heart failure (HF), whereas the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the protective effect of Yixin-shu (YXS) capsules, a conventional medicine for various cardiovascular diseases, against myocardial ischemia-induced HF in rats was systematically investigated by RNA-seq technology. HF rats treated with YXS (0.8 or 1.6 g/kg/d, ig) for 6 weeks had significantly decreased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and collagen III and attenuated cardiac structure rupture and collagen deposition. Additionally, YXS treatment decreased the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and TUNEL-positive rate and the nitrotyrosine staining, but increased levels of glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Further experiments demonstrated that YXS restored Trx2 and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, thereby improving cardiac function in the rats with HF. Silencing Trx2 decreased the protection of YXS in the response to H2O2 as evidenced by the increase of caspase-3 activity and decrease of GSH level. Thus, YXS enhanced heart function and decreased myocardial damage through restoring Trx2 and inhibiting JNK and p38 activation in ischemia-induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changpei Xiang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fangbo Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jinhuan Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Feifei Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Mao Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Junying Wei
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Bai J, Ma Q, Lan Y, Chen Y, Ma S, Li J, Liu C, Fu Z, Lu X, Huang Y, Li Y. Mitochondrial tRNA Mutation and Regulation of the Adiponectin Pathway in Maternally Inherited Hypertension in Chinese Han. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:623450. [PMID: 33553162 PMCID: PMC7862570 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.623450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Some essential hypertension (EH) patients show maternal inheritance, which is the mode of mitochondrial DNA inheritance. This study examines the mechanisms by which mitochondrial mutations cause EH characterized by maternal inheritance. The study enrolled 115 volunteers, who were divided into maternally inherited EH (group A, n = 17), non-maternally inherited EH (group B, n = 65), and normal control (group C, n = 33) groups. A mitochondrial tRNA (15910 C>T) gene mutation was significantly correlated with EH and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of maternally inherited EH. Examining two families carrying the mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T mutation, which disrupted base pairing and may affect the stability and function of mitochondrial tRNAThr, we find that the overall incidence of EH was 59.3% in the maternal family members and 90% in males, significantly higher than in the general population in China (23.2%), and that the EH began at a younger age in those carrying mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T. To reveal the mechanism through which mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T causes maternally inherited EH, we cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from family A2 in vitro. We find that cells carrying mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T were more viable and proliferative, and the increased ATP production resulted in raised intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the mitochondrial dysfunction resulted in reduced APN levels, causing hypoadiponectinemia, which promoted cell proliferation, and produced more ROS. This vicious cycle promoted the occurrence of EH with maternally inherited mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T. The mitochondrial tRNA 15910 C>T mutation may induce hypertension by changing the APN, AdipoR1, PGC-1α, and ERRα signaling pathways to elevate blood pressure. We discover a new mitochondrial mutation (tRNA 15910 C>T) related to EH, reveal part of the mechanism by which mitochondrial mutations lead to the occurrence and development of maternally inherited EH, and discuss the role of APN in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Bai
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfeng Lan
- Hainan LANBO Health Management Co. Ltd., Sanya, China
| | - Yating Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbin Liu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Fu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China.,Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Kobayashi H, Kimura M, Maruyama S, Nagayasu M, Imanaka S. Revisiting estrogen-dependent signaling pathways in endometriosis: Potential targets for non-hormonal therapeutics. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 258:103-110. [PMID: 33421806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecologic disease. Endometriotic cells survive in oxidative stress and hypoxic environments. The aim of this review is to reconsider new therapeutic strategies for endometriosis by focusing on estrogen signaling, ROS production and scavenging, and mitochondrial metabolism. Each keyword alone or in combination was used to search from PubMed and Embase by applying the filters of the title and the publication years between January 2000 and May 2020. Abnormal epigenetic marks of estrogen receptors (ERs) in endometriosis cause overexpression of ERβ, progesterone resistance, inflammation, anti-apoptosis, and mitochondrial metabolic modification. In addition to hormonal action, estrogen is involved in various functions such as mitochondrial biosynthesis and energy metabolism. Estrogen works with its downstream target genes to modulate mitochondrial gene expression, regulate ROS production, and affect mitochondrial biology, including ATP production, antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial biosynthesis, quality control, and energy-transducing capacity. Endometriosis can shift mitochondrial metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic conversion suppresses ROS production and thus activates the survival signal of endometriotic cells. Therefore, molecules associated with aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism are considered therapeutic targets for endometriosis. In conclusion, estrogen downstream target genes involved in mitochondrial metabolic biosynthesis may be potential targets for non-hormonal treatment of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan; Ms.Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Japan.
| | - Mai Kimura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Maruyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Mika Nagayasu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shogo Imanaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan; Ms.Clinic MayOne, Kashihara, Japan
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PARIS-DJ-1 Interaction Regulates Mitochondrial Functions in Cardiomyocytes, Which Is Critically Important in Cardiac Hypertrophy. Mol Cell Biol 2020; 41:MCB.00106-20. [PMID: 33077496 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00106-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the major pathological attributes of cardiac hypertrophy and is associated with reduced expression of PGC1α in cardiomyocytes. However, the transcriptional regulation of PGC1α remains elusive. Here, we show that parkin interacting substrate (PARIS), a KRAB zinc finger protein, prevented PGC1α transcription despite the induction of cardiomyocytes with hypertrophic stimuli. Moreover, PARIS expression and its nuclear localization are enhanced in hypertrophy both in vitro and in vivo Knocking down PARIS resulted in mitochondrial biogenesis and improved respiration and other biochemical features that were compromised during hypertrophy. Furthermore, a PARIS-dependent proteome showed exclusive binding of a deSUMOylating protein called DJ-1 to PARIS in control cells, while this interaction is completely abrogated in hypertrophied cells. We further demonstrate that proteasomal degradation of DJ-1 under oxidative stress led to augmented PARIS SUMOylation and consequent repression of PGC1α promoter activity. SUMOylation-resistant mutants of PARIS failed to repress PGC1α, suggesting a critical role for PARIS SUMOylation in hypertrophy. The present study, therefore, proposes a novel regulatory pathway where DJ-1 acts as an oxidative stress sensor and contributes to the feedback loop governing PARIS-mediated mitochondrial function.
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Kaarniranta K, Uusitalo H, Blasiak J, Felszeghy S, Kannan R, Kauppinen A, Salminen A, Sinha D, Ferrington D. Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction and their impact on age-related macular degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 79:100858. [PMID: 32298788 PMCID: PMC7650008 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered to be a key factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathology. RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress that may lead to the accumulation of damaged cellular proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and cellular organelles, including mitochondria. The ubiquitin-proteasome and the lysosomal/autophagy pathways are the two major proteolytic systems to remove damaged proteins and organelles. There is increasing evidence that proteostasis is disturbed in RPE as evidenced by lysosomal lipofuscin and extracellular drusen accumulation in AMD. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NFE2L2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) are master transcription factors in the regulation of antioxidant enzymes, clearance systems, and biogenesis of mitochondria. The precise cause of RPE degeneration and the onset and progression of AMD are not fully understood. However, mitochondria dysfunction, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage are observed together with increased protein aggregation and inflammation in AMD. In contrast, functional mitochondria prevent RPE cells damage and suppress inflammation. Here, we will discuss the role of mitochondria in RPE degeneration and AMD pathology focused on mtDNA damage and repair, autophagy/mitophagy signaling, and regulation of inflammation. Mitochondria are putative therapeutic targets to prevent or treat AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Hannu Uusitalo
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland and Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, P.O.Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Szabolcs Felszeghy
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ram Kannan
- The Stephen J. Ryan Initiative for Macular Research (RIMR), Doheny Eye Institute, 1355 San Pablo St, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Debasish Sinha
- Glia Research Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, 4401 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, PA 15224, USA; Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Room M035 Robert and Clarice Smith Bldg, 400 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Deborah Ferrington
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, 2001 6th St SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Justin A, Ashwini P, Jose JA, Jeyarani V, Dhanabal SP, Manisha C, Mandal SP, Bhavimani G, Prabitha P, Yuvaraj S, Prashantha Kumar BR. Two Rationally Identified Novel Glitazones Reversed the Behavioral Dysfunctions and Exhibited Neuroprotection Through Ameliorating Brain Cytokines and Oxy-Radicals in ICV-LPS Neuroinflammatory Rat Model. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:530148. [PMID: 33100954 PMCID: PMC7546828 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.530148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study has planned to evaluate the neuroprotective activity of two novel glitazones in a neuroinflammatory rat model. Two novel glitazones were selected from an in-house virtual library of glitazones based on their docking scores against peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) protein and other parameters studied in in silico computational studies. Initially, an acute oral toxicity study was carried out for glitazones in rats to assess the toxicity profile and to determine the therapeutic range for neuroprotective evaluation. Prior to induction of neuroinflammation, the treatments with glitazones (G1 and G2) and standard pioglitazone were made for four consecutive days to respective groups. On the fifth day, the neuroinflammation was induced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (2 μg/μl) using stereotaxic apparatus. After 7 days, the rats were subjected to behavioral assessment followed by neurobiochemical evaluation and histopathological studies. The pre-treatment with glitazones at two dose levels (15 and 30 mg/kg) has significantly reversed behavioral dysfunctions. Glitazones have shown significant reduction in the levels of LPO, NO, TNF-α, and IL-1β and also increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, CAT, and GSH in the brain of LPS-administered rats. The neuroprotection exhibited by two novel glitazones is comparable with standard pioglitazone. The PPAR-γ-dependent amelioration of cytokines and oxy-radicals released by novel glitazones during neuroinflammatory conditions may be attributed to the reversal of behavioral dysfunctions through preventing the degeneration of neurons in major regions of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Premkumar Ashwini
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Jincy A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | - Subhankar P Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - Guru Bhavimani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, India
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Penna F, Ballarò R, Costelli P. The Redox Balance: A Target for Interventions Against Muscle Wasting in Cancer Cachexia? Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:542-558. [PMID: 32037856 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Significance: The management of cancer patients is frequently complicated by the occurrence of a complex syndrome known as cachexia. It is mainly characterized by muscle wasting, a condition that associates with enhanced protein breakdown and with negative energy balance. While the mechanisms underlying cachexia have been only partially elucidated, understanding the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in cancer hosts is mandatory to design new targeted therapeutic strategies. Indeed, most of cancer patients will experience cachexia during the course of their disease, and about 25% of cancer-related deaths are due to this syndrome, rather than to the tumor itself. Recent Advances: Compelling evidence suggests that an altered redox homeostasis likely contributes to cancer-induced muscle protein depletion, directly or indirectly activating the intracellular degradative pathways. In addition, oxidative stress impinges on both mitochondrial number and function; the other way round, altered mitochondria lead to enhanced redox imbalance, creating a vicious loop that eventually results in negative energy metabolism. Critical Issues: The present review focuses on the possibility that pharmacological and nonpharmacological strategies able to restore a physiologic redox balance could be useful components of treatment schedules aimed at counteracting cancer-induced muscle wasting. Future Directions: Exercise and the use of exercise mimetic drugs represent the most promising approaches capable of reinforcing the muscle antioxidant defenses of cancer patients. The results from ongoing and new clinical trials are needed to validate the preclinical studies and provide effective therapies for cancer cachexia. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 33, 542-558.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Ballarò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Costelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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Prashantha Kumar BR, Kumar AP, Jose JA, Prabitha P, Yuvaraj S, Chipurupalli S, Jeyarani V, Manisha C, Banerjee S, Jeyabalan JB, Mohankumar SK, Dhanabal SP, Justin A. Minutes of PPAR-γ agonism and neuroprotection. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104814. [PMID: 32758586 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) is one of the ligand-activated transcription factors which regulates a number of central events and considered as a promising target for various neurodegenerative disease conditions. Numerous reports implicate that PPAR-γ agonists have shown neuroprotective effects by regulating genes transcription associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. In regards, this review critically appraises the recent knowledge of PPAR-γ receptors in neuroprotection in order to hypothesize potential neuroprotective mechanism of PPAR-γ agonism in chronic neurological conditions. Of note, the PPAR-γ's interaction dynamics with PPAR-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) has gained significant attention for neuroprotection. Likewise, a plethora of studies suggest that the PPAR-γ pathway can be actuated by the endogenous ligands present in the CNS and thus identification and development of novel agonist for the PPAR-γ receptor holds a vow to prevent neurodegeneration. Together, the critical insights of this review enlighten the translational possibilities of developing novel neuroprotective therapeutics targeting PPAR-γ for various neurodegenerative disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jincy A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - P Prabitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Yuvaraj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysuru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandhya Chipurupalli
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Victoria Jeyarani
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Chennu Manisha
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Sayani Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeyaram Bharathi Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Mohankumar
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S P Dhanabal
- TIFAC CORE in HD, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Antony Justin
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, India.
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Kitada M, Xu J, Ogura Y, Monno I, Koya D. Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Dysfunction and the Pathogenesis of Kidney Disease. Front Physiol 2020; 11:755. [PMID: 32760286 PMCID: PMC7373076 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Superoxide anion (O2•–) is produced by the process of oxidative phosphorylation associated with glucose, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism, resulting in the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the mitochondria. Excess production of reactive oxidants in the mitochondria, including O2•–, and its by-product, peroxynitrite (ONOO–), which is generated by a reaction between O2•– with nitric oxide (NO•), alters cellular function via oxidative modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Mitochondria maintain an antioxidant enzyme system that eliminates excess ROS; manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) is one of the major components of this system, as it catalyzes the first step involved in scavenging ROS. Reduced expression and/or the activity of Mn-SOD results in diminished mitochondrial antioxidant capacity; this can impair the overall health of the cell by altering mitochondrial function and may lead to the development and progression of kidney disease. Targeted therapeutic agents may protect mitochondrial proteins, including Mn-SOD against oxidative stress-induced dysfunction, and this may consequently lead to the protection of renal function. Here, we describe the biological function and regulation of Mn-SOD and review the significance of mitochondrial oxidative stress concerning the pathogenesis of kidney diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI), with a focus on Mn-SOD dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munehiro Kitada
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ogura
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Itaru Monno
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koya
- Department of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan.,Division of Anticipatory Molecular Food Science and Technology, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, Japan
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MZe786 Rescues Cardiac Mitochondrial Activity in High sFlt-1 and Low HO-1 Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070598. [PMID: 32660064 PMCID: PMC7402164 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorder in pregnancy is a major cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. Women who have had preeclampsia are at three to four times higher risk in later life of developing high blood pressure and heart disease. Soluble Flt-1 (sFlt-1) is elevated in preeclampsia and may remain high postpartum in women with a history of preeclampsia. Heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1/HO-1) exerts protective effects against oxidative stimuli and is compromised in the placenta of pregnant women with preeclampsia. We hypothesized that sFlt-1 inhibits cardiac mitochondrial activity in HO-1 deficient mice. HO-1 haplo-insufficient mice (Hmox1+/−) were injected with adenovirus encoding sFlt-1 (Ad-sFlt-1) or control virus (Ad-CMV). Subsequently, they were treated daily with either placebo or MZe786 for six days, when the heart tissue was harvested to assess cardiac mitochondrial activity. Here, we show that the loss of HO-1 disturbed cardiac mitochondrial respiration and reduced mitochondrial biogenesis. The overexpression of sFlt-1 resulted in the inhibition of the cardiac mitochondrial activity in Hmox1+/− mice. The present study demonstrates that the hydrogen sulfide (H2S) releasing molecule, MZe786, rescues mitochondrial activity by stimulating cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defense in Hmox1−/− mice and in Hmox1+/− mice exposed to a high sFlt-1 environment.
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Schepici G, Silvestro S, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Caffeine: An Overview of Its Beneficial Effects in Experimental Models and Clinical Trials of Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21134766. [PMID: 32635541 PMCID: PMC7369844 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a neurological disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway with consequent loss of neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and dopamine depletion. The cytoplasmic inclusions of α-synuclein (α-Syn), known as Lewy bodies, are the cytologic hallmark of PD. The presence of α-Syn aggregates causes mitochondrial degeneration, responsible for the increase in oxidative stress and consequent neurodegeneration. PD is a progressive disease that shows a complicated pathogenesis. The current therapies are used to alleviate the symptoms of the disease without changing its clinical course. Recently, phytocompounds with neuroprotective effects and antioxidant properties such as caffeine have aroused the interest of researchers. The purpose of this review is to summarize the preclinical studies present in the literature and clinical trials recorded in ClinicalTrial.gov, aimed at illustrating the effects of caffeine used as a nutraceutical compound combined with the current PD therapies. Therefore, the preventive effects of caffeine in the neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons encourage the use of this alkaloid as a supplement to reduce the progress of the PD.
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Suntar I, Sureda A, Belwal T, Sanches Silva A, Vacca RA, Tewari D, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Nabavi SF, Shirooie S, Dehpour AR, Xu S, Yousefi B, Majidinia M, Daglia M, D'Antona G, Nabavi SM. Natural products, PGC-1 α , and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:734-745. [PMID: 32528825 PMCID: PMC7276681 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is a transcriptional coactivator that binds to a diverse range of transcription factors. PPARγ coactivator 1 (PGC-1) coactivators possess an extensive range of biological effects in different tissues, and play a key part in the regulation of the oxidative metabolism, consequently modulating the production of reactive oxygen species, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Owing to these findings, a large body of studies, aiming to establish the role of PGC-1 in the neuromuscular system, has shown that PGC-1 could be a promising target for therapies targeting neuromuscular diseases. Among these, some evidence has shown that various signaling pathways linked to PGC-1α are deregulated in muscular dystrophy, leading to a reduced capacity for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In the light of these results, any intervention aimed at activating PGC-1 could contribute towards ameliorating the progression of muscular dystrophies. PGC-1α is influenced by different patho-physiological/pharmacological stimuli. Natural products have been reported to display modulatory effects on PPARγ activation with fewer side effects in comparison to synthetic drugs. Taken together, this review summarizes the current knowledge on Duchenne muscular dystrophy, focusing on the potential effects of natural compounds, acting as regulators of PGC-1α.
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Key Words
- AAV, adeno-associated virus
- AMP, adenosine monophosphate
- AMPK, 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- ASO, antisense oligonucleotides
- ATF2, activating transcription factor 2
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- BMD, Becker muscular dystrophy
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CREB, cyclic AMP response element-binding protein
- CnA, calcineurin a
- DAGC, dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex
- DGC, dystrophin–glycoprotein complex
- DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- DRP1, dynamin-related protein 1
- DS, Down syndrome
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- ERRα, estrogen-related receptor alpha
- FDA, U. S. Food and Drug Administration
- FGF, fibroblast growth factor
- FOXO1, forkhead box class-O1
- GABP, GA-binding protein
- GPX, glutathione peroxidase
- GSK3b, glycogen synthase kinase 3b
- HCT, hydrochlorothiazide
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factors
- IL, interleukin
- LDH, lactate dehydrogenase
- MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
- MD, muscular dystrophy
- MEF2, myocyte enhancer factor 2
- MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells
- Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
- Muscular dystrophy
- MyoD, myogenic differentiation
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NMJ, neuromuscular junctions
- NO, nitric oxide
- NOS, NO synthase
- Natural product
- PDGF, platelet derived growth factor
- PGC-1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1
- PPARγ activation
- PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SIRT1, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
- SPP1, secreted phosphoprotein 1
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- UCP, uncoupling protein
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- p38 MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
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Benke K, Németh BT, Sayour AA, Stark KA, Oláh A, Ruppert M, Szabó G, Korkmaz-Icöz S, Horváth EM, Benkő R, Hartyánszky I, Szabolcs Z, Merkely B, Radovits T. Stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase improves donor organ function in rat heart transplantation. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5358. [PMID: 32210293 PMCID: PMC7093516 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62156-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart transplantation remains the definitive therapy of end-stage heart failure. Ischemia-reperfusion injury occurring during transplantation is a primary determinant of long-term outcome of heart transplantation and primary graft insufficiency. Modification of the nitric oxide/soluble guanylate cyclase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling pathway appears to be one of the most promising among the pharmacological interventional options. We aimed at characterizing the cardio-protective effects of the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat in a rat model of heterotopic heart transplantation. Donor Lewis rats were treated orally with either riociguat or placebo for two days (n = 9) in each transplanted group and (n = 7) in donor groups. Following explantation, hearts were heterotopically transplanted. After one hour reperfusion, left ventricular pressure-volume relations and coronary blood flow were recorded. Molecular biological measurements and histological examination were also completed. Left ventricular contractility (systolic pressure: 117 ± 13 vs. 48 ± 5 mmHg, p < 0.001; dP/dtmax: 2963 ± 221 vs. 1653 ± 159 mmHg/s, p < 0.001), active relaxation (dP/dtmin: −2014 ± 305 vs. −1063 ± 177 mmHg/s, p = 0.02; all at 120 µl of left ventricular volume), and alteration of coronary blood flow standardized to heart weight (2.55 ± 0.32 vs. 1.67 ± 0.22 ml/min/g, p = 0.03) were markedly increased following preconditioning with riociguat. Myocardial apoptosis markers were also significantly reduced in the riociguat pretreated group as well as the antioxidant markers were elevated. Pharmacological preconditioning with riociguat decreases ischemia-reperfusion injury and improves donor organ function in our animal model of heart transplantation. Therefore, riociguat might be a potential cardioprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kálmán Benke
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. .,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
| | | | - Alex Ali Sayour
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Aliz Stark
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Oláh
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Rita Benkő
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltán Szabolcs
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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