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Inui T, Sakaniwa R, Shirai K, Imano H, Ishihara M, Eshak ES, Dong J, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Associations between Supper Timing and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease among People with and without Hypertension. J Atheroscler Thromb 2024; 31:1098-1105. [PMID: 38538337 DOI: 10.5551/jat.64192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Less is known about the impact of supper time on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among hypertensives and nonhypertensives. We aimed to explore this issue in a cohort study. METHODS We analyzed the data of 72,658 participants (15,386 hypertensives and 57,272 nonhypertensives) aged 40-79 years without a history of CVD at baseline (1988-1990) under the Japan Collaborative Cohort study. Supper time was assessed based on self-reported questionnaires categorized as before 17:00, between 17:00 and 20:00, after 20:00, irregular supper time, and reference supper time (17:00-20:00). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of CVD mortality were calculated according to supper time after adjustment for potential confounders, stratified by hypertensive status and age group (<65 and ≥ 65 years). RESULTS During a median of 19.4 years of follow-up, 4,850 CVD deaths were recorded. Compared with the reference time, the risk of CVD mortality was higher for irregular supper time for the total population, either hypertensives or nonhypertensives, more specifically hypertensives aged ≥ 65 years; the multivariable HR (95% CI) of CVD mortality in the total population was 1.28 (1.11-1.50, P<0.01). The supper time of >20:00 tended to be associated with the higher risk only for hypertensives; the multivariable HR was 1.39 (0.98-1.96, P=0.06). CONCLUSION Irregular supper time was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality. Supper timing could be a surrogate marker for CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Inui
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ryoto Sakaniwa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kokoro Shirai
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hironori Imano
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Public health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
| | - Maho Ishihara
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Ehab S Eshak
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University
- Public Health, Calvin University School of Health
| | - Jiayi Dong
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine
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Zheng X, Cai R, Gao C, Ponatshego P, Gao L, Montano MA, Hu K, Mosepele M, Li P. Poor sleep quality is linked to increased frailty in middle-aged people living with HIV in Botswana. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4462187. [PMID: 38883786 PMCID: PMC11177973 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4462187/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This work aims to evaluate associations between self-reported sleep health and frailty in Botswana, a sub-Saharan Africa setting. Fifty persons living with HIV (PLWH) on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and fifty HIV seronegative control participants are enrolled in Botswana. Sleep quality is scored subjectively as "good" or "poor" based on self-report. A frailty index (FI) is constructed based on thirty-three health deficits related to body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, emotional status, and fatigue, and scored ranging between 0 (no deficit present) and 1 (all deficits present). Sleep quality between PLWH and controls is compared using logistic regression; linear regression is performed to compare the FI between them. Linear regressions are performed to examine the association between the FI and sleep quality stratified by HIV serostatus. Age, sex, and comorbidities are adjusted; when relevant, CD4 cell and ART duration are controlled. PLWH display 2.88 (95% CI: 1.22-6.79, p = 0.02) higher odds of having poor sleep than controls. Having poor sleep is associated with increased FI in PLWH but not in controls. Specifically, compared with PLWH who have good sleep, PLWH who report poor sleep have a > 1 standard deviation (p < 0.0001) increase in their FI score.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lei Gao
- Massachusetts General Hospital
| | | | - Kun Hu
- Massachusetts General Hospital
| | | | - Peng Li
- Massachusetts General Hospital
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Diab R, Choufani A, Dagher J, Chahine N. The Influence of Circadian Rhythm on the Antioxidant Capacity of Saliva in Periodontal Diseases. Cureus 2024; 16:e56174. [PMID: 38618333 PMCID: PMC11015908 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Saliva has a powerful antioxidant activity proposing that it might have a protective role in the oral cavity. It is yet unclear, how circadian rhythm might affect this activity. Objective The main goal of this study was to compare the antioxidant status of saliva in patients with periodontal diseases (PD) to that of healthy people on a diurnal basis. Material and methods A total of 18 periodontal healthy individuals and 18 patients with chronic periodontitis were chosen. Samples of saliva were collected in the morning between 6:00 and 8:00 and in the evening between 6:00 and 8:00 (both stimulated and non-stimulated). The amount of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the salivary samples were analyzed, and its flow was also assessed. In addition, the scavenging capacity of saliva was tested in three systems generating oxygen free radicals. Results Results showed that GSH and TAS concentrations in the evening saliva of healthy subjects were significantly higher than those in the morning saliva, while MDA levels decreased (p<0.05). Conversely, there was no significant increase in GSH and TAS levels in the evening saliva of subjects with PD, and lipid peroxidation remained constant. On the other hand, the evening saliva of healthy subjects but not of subjects with PD was significantly more potent in scavenging free radicals in vitro than the morning saliva, especially for the superoxide (O2.-) radical (p<0.05). Moreover, scavenging activity was higher in stimulated than non-stimulated saliva. This activity was higher in evening saliva compared to the morning one and greater in healthy subjects compared to patients with PD (p<0.05). Conclusion A balance exists between oxidative stress and antioxidant mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in the oral cavity. This balance is deregulated in patients with PD as their saliva is unable to properly scavenge free radicals that might potentially increase over the day. Antioxidant supplements may be used in accordance with the circadian rhythm to minimize oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Diab
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN
| | | | - Jihad Dagher
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN
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Kramer DJ, Johnson AA. Apigenin: a natural molecule at the intersection of sleep and aging. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1359176. [PMID: 38476603 PMCID: PMC10929570 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1359176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
NAD+, a pivotal coenzyme central to metabolism, exhibits a characteristic decline with age. In mice, NAD+ levels can be elevated via treatment with apigenin, a natural flavonoid that inhibits the NAD+-consuming glycoprotein CD38. In animal models, apigenin positively impacts both sleep and longevity. For example, apigenin improves learning and memory in older mice, reduces tumor proliferation in a mouse xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer, and induces sedative effects in mice and rats. Moreover, apigenin elongates survival in fly models of neurodegenerative disease and apigenin glycosides increase lifespan in worms. Apigenin's therapeutic potential is underscored by human clinical studies using chamomile extract, which contains apigenin as an active ingredient. Collectively, chamomile extract has been reported to alleviate anxiety, improve mood, and relieve pain. Furthermore, dietary apigenin intake positively correlates with sleep quality in a large cohort of adults. Apigenin's electron-rich flavonoid structure gives it strong bonding capacity to diverse molecular structures across receptors and enzymes. The effects of apigenin extend beyond CD38 inhibition, encompassing agonistic and antagonistic modulation of various targets, including GABA and inflammatory pathways. Cumulatively, a large body of evidence positions apigenin as a unique molecule capable of influencing both aging and sleep. Further studies are warranted to better understand apigenin's nuanced mechanisms and clinical potential.
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Mohammad A, Laboulaye MA, Shenhar C, Dobberfuhl AD. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y. [PMID: 38326514 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00850-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is characterized by bladder and/or pelvic pain, increased urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia. The pathophysiology of IC/BPS is poorly understood, and theories include chronic inflammation, autoimmune dysregulation, bacterial cystitis, urothelial dysfunction, deficiency of the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) barrier and urine cytotoxicity. Multiple treatment options exist, including behavioural interventions, oral medications, intravesical instillations and procedures such as hydrodistension; however, many clinical trials fail, and patients experience an unsatisfactory treatment response, likely owing to IC/BPS phenotype heterogeneity and the use of non-targeted interventions. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of IC/BPS as reactive oxygen species impair bladder function via their involvement in multiple molecular mechanisms. Kinase signalling pathways, nociceptive receptors, mast-cell activation, urothelial dysregulation and circadian rhythm disturbance have all been linked to reactive oxygen species and IC/BPS. However, further research is necessary to fully uncover the role of oxidative stress in the pathways driving IC/BPS pathogenesis. The development of new models in which these pathways can be manipulated will aid this research and enable further investigation of promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Mohammad
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mallory A Laboulaye
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chen Shenhar
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Amy D Dobberfuhl
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Oconitrillo M, Wickramasinghe J, Omale S, Beitz D, Appuhamy R. Effects of Elevating Zinc Supplementation on the Health and Production Parameters of High-Producing Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:395. [PMID: 38338038 PMCID: PMC10854765 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study's objective was to determine the effects of increasing the dietary added zinc (Zn) on the milk production, milk somatic cell count (SCC), and immunoglobulin and antioxidant marker concentrations in the blood of dairy cows. Twelve Holstein cows (67 ± 2.5 days in milk) were assigned randomly to (1) a diet containing Zn-methionine at 76 mg/kg of DM (CTL) or (2) CTL top-dressed with about 21 mg/kg of DM extra Zn-methionine (+Zn) for 70 d. The concentrations of reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and immunoglobulins in the blood were measured on d 0, 35, and 70. Compared to CTL, +Zn decreased the dry matter intake (DMI) throughout the trial and the milk yield (MY) during the first phase of feeding (0-35 d). It, however, increased the milk yield during the last phase (36-70 d). The +Zn tended to have lower and greater milk protein yields than CTL during the first and last feeding phases, respectively. The +Zn tended to decrease the SCC and was associated with lower plasma GSH: GSSG and lower serum SOD concentrations relative to CTL. The +Zn did not affect the immunoglobulins, MDA, or CAT. Despite the early DMI and MY reduction, the prolonged Zn-methionine supplementation at about 100 mg/kg of DM improved the milk yield, possibly as a result of the improved udder health of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ranga Appuhamy
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (M.O.); (J.W.); (S.O.); (D.B.)
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Heo JW, Lee HE, Lee J, Choi LS, Shin J, Mun JY, Park HS, Park SC, Nam CH. Vutiglabridin Alleviates Cellular Senescence with Metabolic Regulation and Circadian Clock in Human Dermal Fibroblasts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:109. [PMID: 38247533 PMCID: PMC10812742 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of cellular senescence, which is characterized by stable cell cycle arrest, is strongly associated with dysfunctional cellular metabolism and circadian rhythmicity, both of which are reported to result from and also be causal to cellular senescence. As a result, modifying any of them-senescence, metabolism, or the circadian clock-may affect all three simultaneously. Obesity accelerates aging by disrupting the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via an increased mitochondrial burden of fatty acid oxidation. As a result, if senescence, metabolism, and circadian rhythm are all linked, anti-obesity treatments may improve metabolic regulation while also alleviating senescence and circadian rhythm. Vutiglabridin is a small molecule in clinical trials that improves obesity by enhancing mitochondrial function. We found that chronic treatment of senescent primary human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) with vutiglabridin alleviates all investigated markers of cellular senescence (SA-β-gal, CDKN1A, CDKN2A) and dysfunctional cellular circadian rhythm (BMAL1) while remarkably preventing the alterations of mitochondrial function and structure that occur during the process of cellular senescence. Our results demonstrate the significant senescence-alleviating effects of vutiglabridin, specifically with the restoration of cellular circadian rhythmicity and metabolic regulation. These data support the potential development of vutiglabridin against aging-associated diseases and corroborate the intricate link between cellular senescence, metabolism, and the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woong Heo
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.H.); (J.L.)
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Lee
- School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jimin Lee
- School of Undergraduate Studies, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, College of Transdisciplinary Studies, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; (J.-W.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Leo Sungwong Choi
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Jaejin Shin
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Ji-Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung-Soon Park
- Glaceum Incorporation, Research Department, Suwon 16675, Republic of Korea; (L.S.C.); (J.S.); (H.-S.P.)
| | - Sang-Chul Park
- Future Life and Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chang-Hoon Nam
- Aging and Immunity Laboratory, Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
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Cortés-Espinar AJ, Ibarz-Blanch N, Soliz-Rueda JR, Calvo E, Bravo FI, Mulero M, Ávila-Román J. Abrupt Photoperiod Changes Differentially Modulate Hepatic Antioxidant Response in Healthy and Obese Rats: Effects of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract (GSPE). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17057. [PMID: 38069379 PMCID: PMC10707189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions of the light/dark cycle and unhealthy diets can promote misalignment of biological rhythms and metabolic alterations, ultimately leading to an oxidative stress condition. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), which possesses antioxidant properties, has demonstrated its beneficial effects in metabolic-associated diseases and its potential role in modulating circadian disruptions. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of GSPE administration on the liver oxidant system of healthy and diet-induced obese rats undergoing a sudden photoperiod shift. To this end, forty-eight photoperiod-sensitive Fischer 344/IcoCrl rats were fed either a standard (STD) or a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 6 weeks. A week before euthanizing, rats were abruptly transferred from a standard photoperiod of 12 h of light/day (L12) to either a short (6 h light/day, L6) or a long photoperiod (18 h light/day, L18) while receiving a daily oral dose of vehicle (VH) or GSPE (25 mg/kg). Alterations in body weight gain, serum and liver biochemical parameters, antioxidant gene and protein expression, and antioxidant metabolites were observed. Interestingly, GSPE partially ameliorated these effects by reducing the oxidative stress status in L6 through an increase in GPx1 expression and in hepatic antioxidant metabolites and in L18 by increasing the NRF2/KEAP1/ARE pathway, thereby showing potential in the treatment of circadian-related disorders by increasing the hepatic antioxidant response in a photoperiod-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Cortés-Espinar
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Néstor Ibarz-Blanch
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jorge R. Soliz-Rueda
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francisca Isabel Bravo
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel Mulero
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain; (A.J.C.-E.); (N.I.-B.); (J.R.S.-R.); (E.C.); (F.I.B.)
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Javier Ávila-Román
- Molecular and Applied Pharmacology Group (FARMOLAP), Department of Pharmacology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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Yurdakul E, Barlas Y, Ulgen KO. Circadian clock crosstalks with autism. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3273. [PMID: 37807632 PMCID: PMC10726833 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanism underlying autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains incompletely understood, but researchers have identified over a thousand genes involved in complex interactions within the brain, nervous, and immune systems, particularly during the mechanism of brain development. Various contributory environmental effects including circadian rhythm have also been studied in ASD. Thus, capturing the global picture of the ASD-clock network in combined form is critical. METHODS We reconstructed the protein-protein interaction network of ASD and circadian rhythm to understand the connection between autism and the circadian clock. A graph theoretical study is undertaken to evaluate whether the network attributes are biologically realistic. The gene ontology enrichment analyses provide information about the most important biological processes. RESULTS This study takes a fresh look at metabolic mechanisms and the identification of potential key proteins/pathways (ribosome biogenesis, oxidative stress, insulin/IGF pathway, Wnt pathway, and mTOR pathway), as well as the effects of specific conditions (such as maternal stress or disruption of circadian rhythm) on the development of ASD due to environmental factors. CONCLUSION Understanding the relationship between circadian rhythm and ASD provides insight into the involvement of these essential pathways in the pathogenesis/etiology of ASD, as well as potential early intervention options and chronotherapeutic strategies for treating or preventing the neurodevelopmental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekin Yurdakul
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBogazici University, Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryIstanbulTurkey
| | - Yaman Barlas
- Department of Industrial EngineeringBogazici University, Socio‐Economic System Dynamics Research Group (SESDYN)IstanbulTurkey
| | - Kutlu O. Ulgen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringBogazici University, Biosystems Engineering LaboratoryIstanbulTurkey
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Fasipe B, Laher I. Nrf2 modulates the benefits of evening exercise in type 2 diabetes. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 5:251-258. [PMID: 38314046 PMCID: PMC10831386 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise has well-characterized therapeutic benefits in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Most of the beneficial effects of exercise arise from the impact of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) activation of glucose metabolism. Nrf2 is an essential controller of cellular anti-oxidative capacity and circadian rhythms. The circadian rhythm of Nrf2 is influenced by circadian genes on its expression, where the timing of exercise effects the activation of Nrf2 and the rhythmicity of Nrf2 and signaling, such that the timing of exercise has differential physiological effects. Exercise in the evening has beneficial effects on diabetes management, such as lowering of blood glucose and weight. The mechanisms responsible for these effects have not yet been associated with the influence of exercise on the circadian rhythm of Nrf2 activity. A better understanding of exercise-induced Nrf2 activation on Nrf2 rhythm and signaling can improve our appreciation of the distinct effects of morning and evening exercise. This review hypothesizes that activation of Nrf2 by exercise in the morning, when Nrf2 level is already at high levels, leads to hyperactivation and decrease in Nrf2 signaling, while activation of Nrf2 in the evening, when Nrf2 levels are at nadir levels, improves Nrf2 signaling and lowers blood glucose levels and increases fatty acid oxidation. Exploring the effects of Nrf2 activators on rhythmic signaling could also provide valuable insights into the optimal timing of their application, while also holding promise for timed treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatunde Fasipe
- Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
| | - Ismail Laher
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Rabinovich-Nikitin I, Kirshenbaum E, Kirshenbaum LA. Autophagy, Clock Genes, and Cardiovascular Disease. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1772-1780. [PMID: 37652255 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are 24-hour cycles that regulate physical, mental, and behavioural changes of most living organisms. In the heart, circadian rhythms regulate processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, blood coagulability, and vascular tone. However, in addition to regulating physiologic processes, circadian rhythms regulate pathophysiologic processes in the heart. In this regard, circadian rhythms regulate the onset, severity, and outcome of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including myocardial infarction, diabetic cardiomyopathy, doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity, and heart failure. Notably, the underlying mechanism of many of these diseases is linked to impaired cellular quality control processes, such as autophagy. Autophagy is a homeostatic cellular process that regulates the removal of damaged cellular components, allowing their degradation and recycling into their basic constituents for production of cellular energy. Many studies from recent years point to a regulatory link between autophagy and circadian machinery in the control of CVDs. In this review, we highlight the recent discoveries in the field of circadian-induced autophagy in the heart and provide the molecular mechanisms and signalling pathways that underlie the crosstalk between autophagy and clock gene control in response to cardiac injury. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie circadian-induced autophagy in response to cardiac stress may prove to be beneficial in developing novel therapeutic approaches to treat cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Eryn Kirshenbaum
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lorrie A Kirshenbaum
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady College of Medicine, Max Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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de Souza Teixeira AA, Biondo L, Silveira LS, Lima EA, Diniz TA, Lira FS, Seelaender M, Rosa Neto JC. Exercise training induces alteration of clock genes and myokines expression in tumor-bearing mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:1383-1394. [PMID: 37877577 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of different exercise training schedules (following a fixed schedule or at random times of the day) on clock genes and myokine expression patterns in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. Mice were divided into three groups: tumor (LLC), tumor + exercise training (LLC + T) always performed at the same time of the day (ZT2) and exercise training at random times of the day (ZTAlt). Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with Lewis lung carcinoma cells. The gastrocnemius muscle was dissected and the clock gene expression (Clock/Per1/Per2/Per3/Rev-Erbα/GAPDH) was investigated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction with SYBR® Green. Myokine content in muscle (tumour necrosis factor alpha/IL-10/IL-4) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. At the end of the protocol, the trained groups showed a reduction in total weight, when compared to Lewis lung carcinoma. Tumor weight was lower in the LLC + T (ZTAlt), when compared to LLC. Clock gene mRNA expression showed a significant increase for ZT20 in the groups that performed physical exercise at LLC + T (ZTAlt), when compared with LLC. The Per family showed increased mRNA expression in ZT4 in both trained mice groups, when compared with LLC. LLC + T (ZTAlt) presented reduction of the expression of anti-inflammatory myokines (Il-10/IL-4) during the night, compared with LLC + T(ZT2). Exercise training is able to induce marked modification of clock gene expression and of the production of myokines, in a way that is dependent on schedule exercise training strategy. Taken together, the results show that exercise is a potent Zeitgeber and may thus contribute to change clock genes expression and myokines that are able to reduce the tumor weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Abilio de Souza Teixeira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Biondo
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Loreana Sanches Silveira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Edson A Lima
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiego A Diniz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio Santos Lira
- Department of Physical Education, Exercise and Immunometabolism Research Group, Postgraduation Program in Movement Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, São Paulo, Brazil
- CIDAF, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- Department of Surgery and LIM26 HC-USP, Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Cesar Rosa Neto
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Immunometabolism Research Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Tsikas D. GC-MS and GC-MS/MS measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) in clinical studies: Pre-analytical and clinical considerations. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2023; 30:10-24. [PMID: 37637438 PMCID: PMC10458701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Malondialdehyde (MDA; 1,3-propanedial, OHC-CH2-CHO) is one of the most frequently measured biomarkers of oxidative stress in plasma and serum. L-Arginine (Arg) is the substrate of nitric oxide synthases (NOS), which convert L-arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and L-citrulline. The Arg/NO pathway comprises several members, including the endogenous NOS-activity inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and its major metabolite dimethyl amine (DMA), and nitrite and nitrate, the major NO metabolites. Reliable measurement of MDA and members of the Arg/NO pathway in plasma, serum, urine and in other biological samples, such as saliva and cerebrospinal fluid, is highly challenging both for analytical and pre-analytical reasons. In our group, we use validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) methods for the quantitative determination in clinical studies of MDA as a biomarker of oxidative stress, and various Arg/NO metabolites that describe the status of this pathway. Here, the importance of pre-analytical issues, which has emerged from the use of GC-MS and GC-MS/MS in clinico-pharmacological studies, is discussed. Paradigmatically, two studies on the long-term oral administration of L-arginine dihydrochloride to patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) or coronary artery disease (CAD) were considered. Pre-analytical issues that were addressed include blood sampling, plasma or serum storage, study design (notably in long-term studies), and the alternative of measuring MDA in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsikas
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Toxicology, Core Unit Proteomics, 30623 Hannover, Germany
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Bohn T, Balbuena E, Ulus H, Iddir M, Wang G, Crook N, Eroglu A. Carotenoids in Health as Studied by Omics-Related Endpoints. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1538-1578. [PMID: 37678712 PMCID: PMC10721521 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids have been associated with risk reduction for several chronic diseases, including the association of their dietary intake/circulating levels with reduced incidence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, certain types of cancer, and even lower total mortality. In addition to some carotenoids constituting vitamin A precursors, they are implicated in potential antioxidant effects and pathways related to inflammation and oxidative stress, including transcription factors such as nuclear factor κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Carotenoids and metabolites may also interact with nuclear receptors, mainly retinoic acid receptor/retinoid X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, which play a role in the immune system and cellular differentiation. Therefore, a large number of downstream targets are likely influenced by carotenoids, including but not limited to genes and proteins implicated in oxidative stress and inflammation, antioxidation, and cellular differentiation processes. Furthermore, recent studies also propose an association between carotenoid intake and gut microbiota. While all these endpoints could be individually assessed, a more complete/integrative way to determine a multitude of health-related aspects of carotenoids includes (multi)omics-related techniques, especially transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics, as well as metagenomics, measured in a variety of biospecimens including plasma, urine, stool, white blood cells, or other tissue cellular extracts. In this review, we highlight the use of omics technologies to assess health-related effects of carotenoids in mammalian organisms and models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
| | - Emilio Balbuena
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Hande Ulus
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Mohammed Iddir
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Genan Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Nathan Crook
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Abdulkerim Eroglu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States; Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina Research Campus, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States.
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15
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Li W, Feng X, Zhang H, Wang YX, Zeng Q, Liu C, Zhong VW, Wang D. Association of shift work with oxidative stress and alteration of fasting plasma glucose level in Chinese adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2505-2514. [PMID: 37724057 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the association of shift work with blood glucose and the mediating role of oxidative stress. METHODS Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and urinary concentrations of oxidative stress biomarkers (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG], 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-mercapturic acid, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α [8-isoPGF2α ]) were measured among 831 participants. RESULTS Positive dose-response relationships among shift work duration, FPG (ptrend < 0.001), and abnormal glucose regulation (AGR; ptrend = 0.035) were found. Compared with participants without shift work, three-shift work was associated with a higher level of FPG (percentage change: 6.49%, 95% CI: 4.21%-8.83%) and a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (odds ratio: 1.886, 95% CI: 1.114-3.192) and AGR (odds ratio: 1.929, 95% CI: 1.197-3.111). A dose-response relationship was found between shift work duration and 8-OHdG (ptrend = 0.002) and 8-isoPGF2α (ptrend = 0.019). Urinary 8-OHdG and 8-isoPGF2α partially mediated the association between shift work duration and FPG levels and the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose and AGR, with mediating proportions ranging from 4.77% to 20.76%. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that shift work is positively associated with blood glucose, and the association is partially mediated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhen Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haozhe Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Victor W Zhong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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16
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Saco Y, Peña R, Matas-Quintanilla M, Ibáñez-López FJ, Piñeiro M, Sotillo J, Bassols A, Gutiérrez AM. Influence of the circadian cycle, sex and production stage on the reference values of parameters related to stress and pathology in porcine saliva. Porcine Health Manag 2023; 9:42. [PMID: 37773175 PMCID: PMC10541711 DOI: 10.1186/s40813-023-00337-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The concentration of biomarkers in saliva could be influenced by several factors not related to the specific condition under analyses, which should be considered for proper clinical interpretation. In the present study, the circadian rhythm of C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), Pig-MAP, S100A12, Cu, Zn, Adenosine deaminase (ADA), total protein (TP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), cortisol and α-amylase in saliva of 20 female and 20 male pigs was investigated. Moreover, the influence of sex and production phase (post-weaning, fattening and finishing) on the concentrations of biomarkers in a total of 414 healthy pigs was studied and the reference intervals for all salivary biomarkers were calculated accordingly. RESULTS All parameters except Pig-MAP, OSI and α-amylase varied significantly along the daytime, and most of them peak around early afternoon (13-15 h). The cosinor analysis described the temporal dynamics of circadian rhythms for all parameters. The range values showed differences between male and female pigs in 8 out of the 13 biomarkers, with higher concentrations in females in comparison to male pigs. The influence of the production phase on the salivary concentrations was observed for all the biomarkers. The highest concentrations were observed for Pig-MAP, S100A12 and α-amylase in post-weaning animals, for TP in growing pigs and for OSI in finishing animals. Most of the sex-influenced biomarkers showed the highest concentrations at growing stages with some exceptions such as ADA or Hp that showed the peak at finishing and post-weaning stages respectively. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to establish the optimal daytime for routine saliva sampling to avoid circadian variations and for that end, the time interval between 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. is highly recommended. The factors sex and production phase influence the concentration of biomarkers and should be considered for proper biomarker interpretation. The reference intervals presented here for each salivary biomarker will help to correctly interpret the results of these analytes and contribute to the use of saliva as a non-invasive sample for the diagnosis and monitoring of the health status of swine farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saco
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular i Servei de Bioquímica Clínica Veterinària, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - R Peña
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular i Servei de Bioquímica Clínica Veterinària, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - M Matas-Quintanilla
- BioVetMed Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - F J Ibáñez-López
- Department of Didactic of Maths and Social Sciences, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), University of Murcia, Murcia, 30008, Spain
| | - M Piñeiro
- Acuvet Biotech, C/Bari 25, Zaragoza, 50197, Spain
| | - J Sotillo
- BioVetMed Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - A Bassols
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular i Servei de Bioquímica Clínica Veterinària, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain
| | - A M Gutiérrez
- BioVetMed Research Group, Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary School, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum (CMN), University of Murcia, Murcia, 30100, Spain.
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Jeong S, Lee H, Jung S, Kim JY, Park S. Higher energy consumption in the evening is associated with increased odds of obesity and metabolic syndrome: findings from the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (7th KNHANES). Epidemiol Health 2023; 45:e2023087. [PMID: 37752794 PMCID: PMC10867517 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2023087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chrono-nutrition emphasizes meal timing in preventing obesity and metabolic disorders. This study explores the impact of temporal dietary patterns (TDPs) on obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Korean adults aged 20 years to 65 years. METHODS We utilized dynamic time warping method and Kernel k-means clustering to investigate diet quality and the odds ratios (ORs) of obesity and MetS with different TDPs using data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. RESULTS Participants were divided into three groups based on relative energy intake over 24 hours. After adjusting for age and gender, Cluster 3 (with the highest proportion of energy intake in the evening) had the lowest Healthy Eating Index scores compared to other clusters. Following adjustment for key covariates, Cluster 3 showed the highest values for body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Compared to Cluster 1 (with a lower proportion of energy intake in the evening), Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 had ORs for obesity of 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97 to 1.30) and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.03 to 1.37), respectively. For MetS, the ORs were 1.26 (95% CI, 1.08 to 1.48) and 1.37 (95% CI, 1.17 to 1.61) when comparing Cluster 2 and Cluster 3 to Cluster 1. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that individuals with higher energy intake in the evening have increased odds of obesity and MetS, even after adjusting for major covariates, including age and total energy intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarang Jeong
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hajoung Lee
- EyeLight Data Science Laboratory, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sukyoung Jung
- Chungnam National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
- Department of Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jee Young Kim
- National Food Safety Information Service, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- The Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Bragagna L, Polak C, Schütz L, Maqboul L, Klammer C, Feldbauer R, Draxler A, Clodi M, Wagner KH. Effect of Repeated Bolus and Continuous Glucose Infusion on DNA Damage and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Healthy Male Volunteers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13608. [PMID: 37686414 PMCID: PMC10487933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose variability (GV), which describes fluctuations in blood glucose levels within the day, is a phenomenon that is increasingly becoming the target of scientific attention when it comes to increased risk of coronary heart disease. Effects of GV may contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Hyperglycemia can lead to oxidative stress resulting in molecular damage due to accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To discover more about the immediate effects of GV, continuous vs. bolus intravenous glucose administration was applied to 10 healthy men aged 21-30 years over a time frame of 48 h. Whole blood and plasma were analyzed for DNA damage using a comet assay with 3 different treatments (lysis buffer, H2O2, and the lesion-specific enzyme formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG)) as well as for the oxidative stress markers protein carbonyls (PC), unconjugated bilirubin (UCB), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). A significant time effect was found in the three DNA damage treatments as well as in PC and UCB possibly due to circadian changes on oxidative stress, but no intervention group effect was observed for any of the markers. In conclusion, bolus vs. continuous glucose administration had no significant acute effect on DNA damage and markers of oxidative stress in healthy men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bragagna
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Christina Polak
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Lisa Schütz
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Lina Maqboul
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Carmen Klammer
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. John of God Hospital Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria; (R.F.); (M.C.)
- ICMR–Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU Linz), 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Roland Feldbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. John of God Hospital Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria; (R.F.); (M.C.)
| | - Agnes Draxler
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
- Vienna Doctoral School of Pharmaceutical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Martin Clodi
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. John of God Hospital Linz, 4020 Linz, Austria; (R.F.); (M.C.)
- ICMR–Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler University Linz (JKU Linz), 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (L.B.); (L.M.); (A.D.)
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Makris KC, Heibati B, Narui SZ. Chrono-modulated effects of external stressors on oxidative stress and damage in humans: A scoping review on night shift work. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108048. [PMID: 37463540 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and tissue damage (OSD) play a pivotal role as an early-stage process in chronic disease pathogenesis. However, there has been little research to better understand the temporal (χρόνος[chronos]) dimensions of OSD process associated with environmental (non-genetic, including behaviors/lifestyle) and/or occupational stressors, like night shift work. OSD processes have recently attracted attention in relation to time-resolved external stressor trajectories in personalized medicine (prevention) initiatives, as they seem to interact with circadian clock systems towards the improved delineation of the early stages of (chronic) disease process. OBJECTIVES This work critically reviewed human studies targeting the temporal dynamics of OSD and circadian clock system's activity in response to environmental/occupational stressors; the case of night shift work was examined. METHODS Being a key stressor influencing OSD processes and circadian rhythm, night shift work was evaluated as part of a scoping review of research in OSD, including inflammatory and metabolic processes to determine the extent of OSD research undertaken in human populations, methodologies, tools and biomarkers used and the extent that the temporal dimensions of exposure and biological effect(s) were accounted for. Online databases were searched for papers published from 2000 onwards, resulting in the selection of 53 original publications. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The majority of studies (n = 41) took place in occupational settings, while the rest were conducted in the general population or patient groups. Most occupational studies targeted outcomes of oxidative stress/damage (n = 19), followed by the combination of OSD with inflammatory response (n = 10), and studies focused on metabolic outcomes (n = 12). Only a minor fraction of the studies measured biomarkers related to circadian rhythm, such as, melatonin, its metabolite, or cortisol. Night shift work was associated with select biomarkers of OSD and inflammation, albeit with mixed results. Although much progress in delineating the biological mechanisms of OSD process has been made, an equally thorough investigation on the temporal trajectory of OSD processes as triggered by environmental/occupational stressors in human studies has yet to fully evolve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos C Makris
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Behzad Heibati
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus; Department of Research, Cancer Registry Norway, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Amin SN, Asali F, Aolymat I, Abuquteish D, Abu Al Karsaneh O, El Gazzar WB, Shaltout SA, Alabdallat YJ, Elberry DA, Kamar SS, Hosny SA, Mehesen MN, Rashed LA, Farag AM, ShamsEldeen AM. Comparing MitoQ10 and heat therapy: Evaluating mechanisms and therapeutic potential for polycystic ovary syndrome induced by circadian rhythm disruption. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1004-1027. [PMID: 37548004 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2241902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors, such as sleep restriction, contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by causing hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and oligo- or anovulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on reproductive and metabolic functions and investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of MitoQ10 and hot tub therapy (HTT). Sixty female rats were divided into six groups: control, MitoQ10, HTT, and three groups with PCOS induced by continuous light exposure(L/L). The reproductive, endocrine, and structural manifestations ofL/L-induced PCOS were confirmed by serum biochemical measurements, ultrasound evaluation of ovarian size, and vaginal smear examination at week 14. Subsequently, the rats were divided into the L/L (untreated), L/L+MitoQ10-treated, andL/L+HTT-treated groups. At the end of week 22, all rats were sacrificed. Treatmentwith MitoQ10 or HTT partially reversed the reproductive, endocrine, and structural features of PCOS, leading to a decreased amplitude of isolated uterine contractions, ovarian cystic changes and size, and endometrial thickness. Furthermore, both interventions improved the elevated serum levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), kisspeptin, Fibulin-1, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 19 (ADAMTS-19), lipid profile, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), oxidative stress markers, androgen receptors (AR) and their transcription target genes, FKBP52 immunostaining in ovarian tissues, and uterine estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α) and PRimmunostaining. In conclusion, MitoQ10 supplementation and HTT demonstrated the potential for ameliorating metabolic, reproductive, and structural perturbations associated with PCOS induced by circadian rhythm disruption. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for these interventions in managing PCOS in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fida Asali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Iman Aolymat
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Dua Abuquteish
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Hussein Cancer Centre, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ola Abu Al Karsaneh
- Department of Microbiology, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Sherif Ahmed Shaltout
- Department of Pharmacology, Public Health, and Clinical Skills, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Dalia Azmy Elberry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samaa Samir Kamar
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Histology, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara Adel Hosny
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nahda University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa Nagi Mehesen
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa Mohammed ShamsEldeen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Jacobs PJ, Hart DW, Merchant HN, Voigt C, Bennett NC. The Evolution and Ecology of Oxidative and Antioxidant Status: A Comparative Approach in African Mole-Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1486. [PMID: 37627481 PMCID: PMC10451868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The naked mole-rat of the family Bathyergidae has been the showpiece for ageing research as they contradict the traditional understanding of the oxidative stress theory of ageing. Some other bathyergids also possess increased lifespans, but there has been a remarkable lack of comparison between species within the family Bathyergidae. This study set out to investigate how plasma oxidative markers (total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the oxidative stress index (OSI)) differ between five species and three subspecies of bathyergids, differing in their maximum lifespan potential (MLSP), resting metabolic rate, aridity index (AI), and sociality. We also investigated how oxidative markers may differ between captive and wild-caught mole-rats. Our results reveal that increased TOS, TAC, and OSI are associated with increased MLSP. This pattern is more prevalent in the social-living species than the solitary-living species. We also found that oxidative variables decreased with an increasing AI and that wild-caught individuals typically have higher antioxidants. We speculate that the correlation between higher oxidative markers and MLSP is due to the hypoxia-tolerance of the mole-rats investigated. Hormesis (the biphasic response to oxidative stress promoting protection) is a likely mechanism behind the increased oxidative markers observed and promotes longevity in some members of the Bathyergidae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul. J. Jacobs
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Daniel W. Hart
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
| | - Hana N. Merchant
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK;
| | - Cornelia Voigt
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
| | - Nigel C. Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa; (C.V.); (N.C.B.)
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22
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Wang P, Jiang X, Tan Q, Du S, Shi D. Meal timing of dietary total antioxidant capacity and its association with all-cause, CVD and cancer mortality: the US national health and nutrition examination survey, 1999-2018. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:83. [PMID: 37420213 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01487-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of the meal timing of dietary total antioxidant capacity (DAC) with mortality is unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between the meal timing of DAC and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality in general adult populations. METHODS A total of 56,066 adults who participated in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were recruited for this study. Dietary intake (quantity and timing) was evaluated by nonconsecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The main exposure variables were the DAC across three meals (total, breakfast, lunch, and dinner; without coffee) and the difference between dinner and breakfast DAC (Δ = dinner-breakfast; without coffee). The outcomes were all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality. The adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] and 95% confidence intervals [CI] were imputed by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Among the 56,066 participants, there were 8566 deaths from any cause, including 2196 from CVD and 1984 from cancer causes. Compared to participants in the lowest quintiles of the total DAC, those in the highest quintiles had 34% and 27% decreased risks of all-cause and CVD mortality, respectively (all-cause mortality: aHRs 0.66 [95% CI 0.57-0.76]; CVD mortality: aHRs 0.73 [95% CI 0.57-0.94]). More importantly, participants in the highest quintiles of the dinner DAC, but not those in that of breakfast or lunch, had a 24% decrease in all-cause mortality (aHRs 0.76 [95% CI 0.67-0.87]) compared with those in the lowest quintiles. Inverse associations were further confirmed for Δ DAC (aHRs 0.84 [95% CI 0.74-0.96]). Above associations did not change when including DAC from snacks or tea. Mediation analysis showed that the total associations of total, dinner or Δ DACs with reduced all-cause mortality were 24%, 13% and 6%, respectively, mediated by serum CRP. Additionally, all-cause mortality was decreased by 7% in models replacing 10% breakfast DAC (aHRs 0.93 [95% CI 0.9-0.97]) with an equivalent proportion of dinner DAC. For cancer mortality, no statistical significance was detected in the adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The findings emphasize the putative beneficial relationship of a diet rich in antioxidants and meal timing on serum CRP and all-cause mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xuye Jiang
- Foundation Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Qilong Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanshan Du
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
| | - Dan Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Research Centre for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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23
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Wang L, Liu Y, Gao H, Ge S, Yao X, Liu C, Tan X. Chronotoxicity of Acrylamide in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet: The Involvement of Liver CYP2E1 Upregulation and Gut Leakage. Molecules 2023; 28:5132. [PMID: 37446793 PMCID: PMC10343525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is produced under high-temperature cooking of carbohydrate-rich foods via the Maillard reaction. It has been reported that ACR has hepatic toxicity and can induce liver circadian disorder. A high fat diet (HFD) could dysregulate liver detoxification. The current study showed that administration of ACR (100 mg/kg) reduced the survival rate in HFD-fed mice, which was more pronounced when treated during the night phase than during the day phase. Furthermore, ACR (25 mg/kg) treatment could cause chronotoxicity in mice fed a high-fat diet, manifested as more severe mitochondrial damage of liver during the night phase than during the day phase. Interestingly, HFD induced a higher CYP2E1 expressions for those treated during the night phase, leading to more severe DNA damage. Meanwhile, the expression of gut tight junction proteins also significantly decreases at night phase, leading to the leakage of LPSs and exacerbating the inflammatory response at night phase. These results indicated that a HFD could induce the chronotoxicity of ACR in mice liver, which may be associated with increases in CYP2E1 expression in the liver and gut leak during the night phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luanfeng Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210023, China;
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Huajing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Shuqi Ge
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Xinru Yao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
| | - Xintong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China; (Y.L.); (H.G.); (S.G.); (X.Y.); (C.L.)
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24
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Murphy K, Zhang A, Bittel AJ, Chen YW. Molecular and Phenotypic Changes in FLExDUX4 Mice. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1040. [PMID: 37511653 PMCID: PMC10381554 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by the aberrant expression of the double homeobox 4 (DUX4) gene. The FLExDUX4 mouse model carries an inverted human DUX4 transgene which has leaky DUX4 transgene expression at a very low level. No overt muscle pathology was reported before 16 weeks. The purpose of this study is to track and characterize the FLExDUX4 phenotypes for a longer period, up to one year old. In addition, transcriptomic changes in the muscles of 2-month-old mice were investigated using RNA-seq. The results showed that male FLExDUX4 mice developed more severe phenotypes and at a younger age in comparison to the female mice. These include lower body and muscle weight, and muscle weakness measured by grip strength measurements. Muscle pathological changes were observed at older ages, including fibrosis, decreased size of type IIa and IIx myofibers, and the development of aggregates containing TDP-43 in type IIb myofibers. Muscle transcriptomic data identified early molecular changes in biological pathways regulating circadian rhythm and adipogenesis. The study suggests a slow progressive change in molecular and muscle phenotypes in response to the low level of DUX4 expression in the FLExDUX4 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Murphy
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Aiping Zhang
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Adam J Bittel
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Department of Genomics and Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Science, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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25
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Sharebiani H, Keramat S, Chavoshan A, Fazeli B, Stanek A. The Influence of Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress-Induced Vascular Aging in Obesity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1295. [PMID: 37372025 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide trend that is growing in incidence very fast. Adipose tissue dysfunction caused by obesity is associated with the generation of oxidative stress. Obesity-induced oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Vascular aging is one of the main pathogenesis mechanisms. The aim of this study is to review the effect of antioxidants on vascular aging caused by oxidative stress in obesity. In order to achieve this aim, this paper is designed to review obesity-caused adipose tissue remodeling, vascular aging generated by high levels of oxidative stress, and the effects of antioxidants on obesity, redox balance, and vascular aging. It seems that vascular diseases in obese individuals are complex networks of pathological mechanisms. In order to develop a proper therapeutic tool, first, there is a need for a better understanding of interactions between obesity, oxidative stress, and aging. Based on these interactions, this review suggests different lines of strategies that include change in lifestyle to prevent and control obesity, strategies for adipose tissue remodelling, oxidant-antioxidant balance, inflammation suppression, and strategies against vascular aging. Some antioxidants support different lines of these strategies, making them appropriate for complex conditions such as oxidative stress-induced vascular diseases in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiva Sharebiani
- Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Foundation, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Support Association of Patients of Buerger's Disease, Buerger's Disease NGO, Mashhad 9183785195, Iran
| | - Shayan Keramat
- Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Foundation, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Support Association of Patients of Buerger's Disease, Buerger's Disease NGO, Mashhad 9183785195, Iran
| | - Abdolali Chavoshan
- Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Foundation, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Support Association of Patients of Buerger's Disease, Buerger's Disease NGO, Mashhad 9183785195, Iran
| | - Bahar Fazeli
- Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Foundation, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Support Association of Patients of Buerger's Disease, Buerger's Disease NGO, Mashhad 9183785195, Iran
| | - Agata Stanek
- Vascular Independent Research and Education, European Foundation, 20157 Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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26
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Ribble A, Hellmann J, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A, Haberzettl P. Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)-induced pulmonary oxidative stress contributes to increases in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in a mouse model of circadian dyssynchrony. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162934. [PMID: 36934930 PMCID: PMC10164116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Results of human and animal studies independently suggest that either ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution exposure or a disturbed circadian rhythm (circadian dyssynchrony) are important contributing factors to the rapidly evolving type-2-diabetes (T2D) epidemic. The objective of this study is to investigate whether circadian dyssynchrony increases the susceptibility to PM2.5 and how PM2.5 affects metabolic health in circadian dyssynchrony. We examined systemic and organ-specific changes in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice maintained on a regular (12/12 h light/dark) or disrupted (18/6 h light/dark, light-induced circadian dyssynchrony, LICD) light cycle exposed to air or concentrated PM2.5 (CAP, 6 h/day, 30 days). Exposures during Zeitgeber ZT3-9 or ZT11-17 (Zeitgeber in circadian time, ZT0 = begin of light cycle) tested for time-of-day PM2.5 sensitivity (chronotoxicity). Mice transgenic for lung-specific overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD-Tg) were used to assess the contribution of CAP-induced pulmonary oxidative stress. Both, CAP exposure from ZT3-9 or ZT11-17, decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in male mice with LICD, but not in female mice or in mice kept on a regular light cycle. Although changes in glucose homeostasis in CAP-exposed male mice with LICD were not associated with obesity, they were accompanied by white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver, and systemic and pulmonary oxidative stress. Preventing CAP-induced oxidative stress in the lungs mitigated the CAP-induced decrease in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in LICD. Our results demonstrate that circadian dyssynchrony is a novel susceptibility state for PM2.5 and suggest that PM2.5 by inducing pulmonary oxidative stress increases glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in circadian dyssynchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ribble
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Yong YN, Dong J, Pakkiri LS, Henry CJ, Haldar S, Drum CL. Chronometabolism: The Timing of the Consumption of Meals Has a Greater Influence Than Glycemic Index (GI) on the Postprandial Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040490. [PMID: 37110149 PMCID: PMC10143625 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating late in the day is associated with circadian desynchrony, resulting in dysregulated metabolism and increased cardiometabolic disease risk. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using targeted metabolomics of postprandial plasma samples from a secondary analysis of a randomised 2 × 2 crossover study in 36 healthy older Chinese adults, we have compared postprandial metabolic responses between high (HI) glycemic index (GI) or low-GI (LO) meals, consumed either at breakfast (BR) or at dinner (DI). 29 out of 234 plasma metabolites exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) in postprandial AUC between BR and DI sessions, whereas only five metabolites were significantly different between HI and LO sessions. There were no significant interactions between intake timing and meal GI. Lower glutamine: glutamate ratio, lower lysine and higher trimethyllysine (TML) levels were found during DI compared with BR, along with greater postprandial reductions (δAUC) in creatine and ornithine levels during DI, indicating a worse metabolic state during the evening DI period. Greater reductions (δAUC) in postprandial creatine and ornithine were also observed during HI compared with LO (both p < 0.05). These metabolomic changes may indicate potential molecular signatures and/or pathways linking metabolic responses with cardiometabolic disease risk between different meal intake timings and/or meals with variable GI.
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28
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Vazquez-Agra N, Marques-Afonso AT, Cruces-Sande A, Mendez-Alvarez E, Soto-Otero R, Lopez-Paz JE, Pose-Reino A, Hermida-Ameijeiras A. Assessment of Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertensive Patients under the Use of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Blockers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040802. [PMID: 37107177 PMCID: PMC10135118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As in other fields, chronotherapy applied to arterial hypertension (AHT) may have implications on oxidative stress. We compared the levels of some redox markers between hypertensive patients with morning and bedtime use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers. This was an observational study that included patients older than 18 years with a diagnosis of essential AHT. Blood pressure (BP) figures were measured using twenty-four-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (24-h ABPM). Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were assessed using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced thiols assays. We recruited 70 patients with a median age of 54 years, of whom 38 (54%) were women. In hypertensive patients with bedtime use of RAAS blockers, reduced thiol levels showed a positive correlation with nocturnal diastolic BP decrease. TBARS levels were associated with bedtime use of RAAS blockers in dipper and non-dipper hypertensive patients. In non-dipper patients, bedtime use of RAAS blockers was also associated with a decrease in nocturnal diastolic BP. Chronotherapy applied to bedtime use of some BP-lowering drugs in hypertensive patients may be linked to a better redox profile.
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29
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S SH, G K, Dey H, Sangoji RV, Thirumal Kumar D, Zayed H, Vasudevan K, George Priya Doss C. Identification of potential circadian genes and associated pathways in colorectal cancer progression and prognosis using microarray gene expression analysis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 137:181-203. [PMID: 37709376 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third cancer causing death in the world. CRC is associated with disrupting the circadian rhythm (CR), closely associating the CRC progression and the dysregulation of genes involved in the biological clock. In this study, we aimed to understand the circadian rhythm changes in patients diagnosed with CRC. We used the GEO database with the ID GSE46549 for our analysis, which consists of 32 patients with CRC and one as normal control. Our study has identified five essential genes involved in CRC, HAPLN1, CDH12, IGFBP5, DCHS2, and DOK5, and had different enriched pathways, such as the Wnt-signaling pathway, at different time points of study. As a part of our study, we also identified various related circadian genes, such as CXCL12, C1QTNF2, MRC2, and GLUL, from the Circadian Gene Expression database, that played a role in circadian rhythm and CRC development. As circadian timing can influence the host tissue's ability to tolerate anticancer medications, the genes reported can serve as a potential drug target for treating CRC and become beneficial to translational settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Hari S
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Keerthana G
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Hrituraj Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rahul V Sangoji
- Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - D Thirumal Kumar
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Karthick Vasudevan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Sciences, REVA University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - C George Priya Doss
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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30
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. Mitochondria Need Their Sleep: Redox, Bioenergetics, and Temperature Regulation of Circadian Rhythms and the Role of Cysteine-Mediated Redox Signaling, Uncoupling Proteins, and Substrate Cycles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030674. [PMID: 36978924 PMCID: PMC10045244 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Although circadian biorhythms of mitochondria and cells are highly conserved and crucial for the well-being of complex animals, there is a paucity of studies on the reciprocal interactions between oxidative stress, redox modifications, metabolism, thermoregulation, and other major oscillatory physiological processes. To address this limitation, we hypothesize that circadian/ultradian interaction of the redoxome, bioenergetics, and temperature signaling strongly determine the differential activities of the sleep–wake cycling of mammalians and birds. Posttranslational modifications of proteins by reversible cysteine oxoforms, S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are shown to play a major role in regulating mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, protein activity, respiration, and metabolomics. Nuclear DNA repair and cellular protein synthesis are maximized during the wake phase, whereas the redoxome is restored and mitochondrial remodeling is maximized during sleep. Hence, our analysis reveals that wakefulness is more protective and restorative to the nucleus (nucleorestorative), whereas sleep is more protective and restorative to mitochondria (mitorestorative). The “redox–bioenergetics–temperature and differential mitochondrial–nuclear regulatory hypothesis” adds to the understanding of mitochondrial respiratory uncoupling, substrate cycling control and hibernation. Similarly, this hypothesis explains how the oscillatory redox–bioenergetics–temperature–regulated sleep–wake states, when perturbed by mitochondrial interactome disturbances, influence the pathogenesis of aging, cancer, spaceflight health effects, sudden infant death syndrome, and diseases of the metabolism and nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B. Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River, ON K0J 1J0, Canada
- McGill Medical Physics Unit, Cedars Cancer Centre—Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
- Correspondence: or
| | - Ryan J. Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
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Yang L, Feng H, Ai S, Liu Y, Lei B, Chen J, Tan X, Benedict C, Wang N, Wing YK, Qi L, Zhang J. Association of accelerometer-derived circadian abnormalities and genetic risk with incidence of atrial fibrillation. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:31. [PMID: 36869222 PMCID: PMC9984286 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests potential links between circadian rhythm and atrial fibrillation (AF). However, whether circadian disruption can predict the onset of AF in the general population remains largely unknown. We aim to investigate the association of accelerometer-measured circadian rest-activity rhythm (CRAR, the most prominent circadian rhythm in humans) with the risk of AF, and examine joint associations and potential interactions of CRAR and genetic susceptibility with AF incidence. We include 62,927 white British participants of UK Biobank without AF at baseline. CRAR characteristics, including amplitude (strength), acrophase (timing of peak activity), pseudo-F (robustness), and mesor (height), are derived by applying an extended cosine model. Genetic risk is assessed with polygenic risk scores. The outcome is the incidence of AF. During a median follow-up of 6.16 years, 1920 participants developed AF. Low amplitude [hazard ratio (HR): 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25-1.58], delayed acrophase (HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.10-1.39), and low mesor (HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.21-1.52), but not low pseudo-F, are significantly associated with a higher risk of AF. No significant interactions between CRAR characteristics and genetic risk are observed. Joint association analyses reveal that participants with unfavourable CRAR characteristics and high genetic risk yield the highest risk of incident AF. These associations are robust after controlling for multiple testing and in a series of sensitivity analyses. Accelerometer-measured CRAR abnormalities, characterized by decreased strength and height, and later timing of peak activity of circadian rhythm, are associated with a higher risk of AF in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Yang
- grid.410643.4Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Hongliang Feng
- grid.410643.4Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sizhi Ai
- grid.410737.60000 0000 8653 1072Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China ,grid.493088.e0000 0004 1757 7279Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, Henan China ,grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yue Liu
- grid.410643.4Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Binbin Lei
- grid.410643.4Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jie Chen
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health and Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China ,grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christian Benedict
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Molecular Neuropharmacology (Sleep Science Laboratory), Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ningjian Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- grid.10784.3a0000 0004 1937 0482Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA. .,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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De Luca SN, Chan SMH, Dobric A, Wang H, Seow HJ, Brassington K, Mou K, Alateeq R, Akhtar A, Bozinovski S, Vlahos R. Cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary impairment is associated with social recognition memory impairments and alterations in microglial profiles within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 109:292-307. [PMID: 36775074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major, incurable respiratory condition that is primarily caused by cigarette smoking (CS). Neurocognitive disorders including cognitive dysfunction, anxiety and depression are highly prevalent in people with COPD. It is understood that increased lung inflammation and oxidative stress from CS exposure may 'spill over' into the systemic circulation to promote the onset of these extra-pulmonary comorbidities, and thus impacts the quality of life of people with COPD. The precise role of the 'spill-over' of inflammation and oxidative stress in the onset of COPD-related neurocognitive disorders are unclear. The present study investigated the impact of chronic CS exposure on anxiety-like behaviors and social recognition memory, with a particular focus on the role of the 'spill-over' of inflammation and oxidative stress from the lungs. Adult male BALB/c mice were exposed to either room air (sham) or CS (9 cigarettes per day, 5 days a week) for 24 weeks and were either daily co-administered with the NOX2 inhibitor, apocynin (5 mg/kg, in 0.01 % DMSO diluted in saline, i.p.) or vehicle (0.01 % DMSO in saline) one hour before the initial CS exposure of the day. After 23 weeks, mice underwent behavioral testing and physiological diurnal rhythms were assessed by monitoring diurnal regulation profiles. Lungs were collected and assessed for hallmark features of COPD. Consistent with its anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress properties, apocynin treatment partially lessened lung inflammation and lung function decline in CS mice. CS-exposed mice displayed marked anxiety-like behavior and impairments in social recognition memory compared to sham mice, which was prevented by apocynin treatment. Apocynin was unable to restore the decreased Bmal1-positive cells, key in cells in diurnal regulation, in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus to that of sham levels. CS-exposed mice treated with apocynin was associated with a restoration of microglial area per cell and basal serum corticosterone. This data suggests that we were able to model the CS-induced social recognition memory impairments seen in humans with COPD. The preventative effects of apocynin on memory impairments may be via a microglial dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone N De Luca
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stanley M H Chan
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aleksandar Dobric
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hao Wang
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huei Jiunn Seow
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kurt Brassington
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin Mou
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rana Alateeq
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alina Akhtar
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steven Bozinovski
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Centre for Respiratory Science and Health, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
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Pontes MPD, Khatlab ADS, Del Vesco AP, Granzoto GH, Soares MAM, Sousa FCBD, Souza MLRD, Gasparino E. The effect of light regime and time of slaughter in broiler on broiler performance, liver antioxidant status, and expression of genes related to peptide absorption in the jejunum and melatonin synthesis in the brain. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:607-620. [PMID: 35403251 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of light regime and time of slaughter on primal cut and organ weights, peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) gene expression in the jejunum, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) gene expression in the brain, and liver oxidant/antioxidant status in broilers aged 37 days. The experiment was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design, with two light regimes (intermittent light varying according to bird age and continuous light under an 18 h light/6 h dark photoperiod) and four times of slaughter (2:00, 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00 h). There was an interaction effect on PEPT1 and AANAT expression, lipid and protein oxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In both light regimes, PEPT1 expression responded cubically to slaughter time. In the continuous light group, PEPT1 expression was highest in birds slaughtered at 2:00 and 14:00 h, whereas, in the intermittent light treatment, expression was highest at 8:00 h. In the continuous light regime, AANAT expression had a cubic relationship with time of slaughter, with the greatest values recorded at 20:00 h. In the intermittent light regime, slaughter time showed a cubic effect on lipid oxidation, which was highest at 8:00 h. In the continuous light group, there was a cubic effect on nitrite concentration, lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and SOD activity; nitrite levels, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation were highest and SOD activity was lowest in birds slaughtered at 14:00 h. Time of slaughter influenced catalase activity, which responded cubically; catalase activity was lowest at 8:00 and 14:00 h. This study is the first to demonstrate that PEPT1 expression in the jejunum of broilers follows a diurnal rhythm and varies according to light regime. The results also suggest that mainly continuous lighting and slaughter at 14:00 h when the animals are possibly more active may be more stressful to broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Pires de Pontes
- Graduate Program in Environmental Biotechnology, State University of Maringá, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Angélica de Souza Khatlab
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Del Vesco
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Sergipe, Avenida Marechal Rondon, s/n, Jardim Rosa Elze, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Amélia Menck Soares
- Department of Genetics, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eliane Gasparino
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Maringá, Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
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Silla A, Fogacci F, Punzo A, Hrelia S, Simoni P, Caliceti C, Cicero AFG. Treatment with PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab Improves Vascular Oxidative Stress and Arterial Stiffness in Hypercholesterolemic Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030578. [PMID: 36978827 PMCID: PMC10045769 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic-related cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are characterized by high serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that can promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To answer the need for better LDL-C control in individuals at high and very high risk for CVD, a new injectable innovative family of lipid-lowering (LL) monoclonal antibodies against the protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been approved. However, the effect of these drugs on vascular function, such as ROS generation and arterial stiffness, has not already been extensively described. In this report, we present data from 18 males with high to very high CV risk undergoing LL treatment (LLT) with either statin and ezetimibe or ezetimibe monotherapy, who experienced, after a 2-month treatment with Evolocumab, a significant improvement in blood pressure (BP)-adjusted carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (p-value = 0.0005 in the whole cohort, p-value = 0.0046 in the sub-cohort undergoing background LLT with statin and ezetimibe, p-value = 0.015 in the sub-cohort undergoing background LLT with ezetimibe monotherapy), which was significantly associated with a decrease in freshly isolated leukocytes (PBMCS)-derived H2O2 production (p-value = 0.004, p-value = 0.02 and p-value = 0.05, respectively, in the whole cohort, in the statin + ezetimibe sub-cohort, and the ezetimibe sub-cohort). Our observations support the role of systemic oxidative stress in atherosclerosis and give a further rationale for using Evolocumab also for its effect in vascular disorders linked to oxidative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Silla
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Punzo
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Simoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences—DIBINEM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biosistemi e Biostrutture (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Industrial Research (CIRI)—Energy and Environment, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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Berberine Ameliorates Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Mediated Metabolism Disorder and Redox Homeostasis by Upregulating Clock Genes: Clock and Bmal1 Expressions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041874. [PMID: 36838862 PMCID: PMC9960773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases, which in turn triggers mild inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, fibrosis, and even cancer. Accumulating evidence has suggested that Berberine (BBR) could significantly improve MAFLD progression. Clock and Bmal1 as heterodimer proteins highly participated in the development of MAFLD, but whether BBR targets Clock and Bmal1 in MAFLD remains poorly understood. The result suggested that the protein levels of Clock and Bmal1 were decreased in MAFLD mice, which was negatively correlated with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, the H2O2 level, liver inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and insulin resistance. The mRNA and protein levels of Clock and Bmal1 were also decreased in glucosamine-induced HepG2 cells, which were are negatively related to glucose uptake, the ROS level, and the H2O2 level. More importantly, Bmal1 siRNA could mimic the effect of glucosamine in HepG2 cells. Interestingly, Berberine (BBR) could rescue metabolism disorder and redox homeostasis through enhancing Clock and Bmal1 expression in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, BBR might be an effective natural compound for alleviating redox homeostasis, metabolism disorder, and liver pathological changes in MAFLD by activating Clock and Bmal1 expression.
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Muthukumarasamy I, Buel SM, Hurley JM, Dordick JS. NOX2 inhibition enables retention of the circadian clock in BV2 microglia and primary macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1106515. [PMID: 36814920 PMCID: PMC9939898 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1106515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sustained neuroinflammation is a major contributor to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's (PD) diseases. Neuroinflammation, like other cellular processes, is affected by the circadian clock. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, act as major contributors to neuroinflammation and are under the influence of the circadian clock. Microglial responses such as activation, recruitment, and cytokine expression are rhythmic in their response to various stimuli. While the link between circadian rhythms and neuroinflammation is clear, significant gaps remain in our understanding of this complex relationship. To gain a greater understanding of this relationship, the interaction between the microglial circadian clock and the enzyme NADPH Oxidase Isoform 2 (NOX2) was studied; NOX2 is essential for the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in oxidative stress, an integral characteristic of neuroinflammation. Methods BV2 microglia were examined over circadian time, demonstrating oscillations of the clock genes Per2 and Bmal1 and the NOX2 subunits gp91phox and p47phox. Results The BV2 microglial clock exerted significant control over NOX2 expression and inhibition of NOX2 enabled the microglia to retain a functional circadian clock while reducing levels of ROS and inflammatory cytokines. These trends were mirrored in mouse bone marrow-derived primary macrophages. Conclusions NOX2 plays a crucial role in the interaction between the circadian clock and the activation of microglia/macrophages into their pro-inflammatory state, which has important implications in the control of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iswarya Muthukumarasamy
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Sharleen M. Buel
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Hurley
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan S. Dordick
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Center for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
- Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
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Kamat PK, Khan MB, Smith C, Siddiqui S, Baban B, Dhandapani K, Hess DC. The time dimension to stroke: Circadian effects on stroke outcomes and mechanisms. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105457. [PMID: 36442686 PMCID: PMC9839555 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The circadian system is widely involved in the various pathological outcomes affected by time dimension changes. In the brain, the master circadian clock, also known as the "pacemaker," is present in the hypothalamus's suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The SCN consists of molecular circadian clocks that operate in each neuron and other brain cells. These circadian mechanisms are controlled by the transcription and translation of specific genes such as the clock circadian regulator (Clock) and brain and muscle ARNT-Like 1 (Bmal1). Period (Per1-3) and cryptochrome (Cry1 and 2) negatively feedback and regulate the clock genes. Variations in the circadian cycle and these clock genes can affect stroke outcomes. Studies suggest that the peak stroke occurs in the morning after patients awaken from sleep, while stroke severity and poor outcomes worsen at midnight. The main risk factor associated with stroke is high blood pressure (hypertension). Blood pressure usually dips by 15-20% during sleep, but many hypertensives do not display this normal dipping pattern and are non-dippers. A sleep blood pressure is the primary determinant of stroke risk. This article discusses the possible mechanism associated with circadian rhythm and stroke outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip K Kamat
- Departments of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA.
| | | | - Cameron Smith
- Departments of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Shahneela Siddiqui
- Departments of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Babak Baban
- Departments of Oral Biology, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - Krishnan Dhandapani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
| | - David C Hess
- Departments of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, USA
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Banerjee S, Ray S. Circadian medicine for aging attenuation and sleep disorders: Prospects and challenges. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 220:102387. [PMID: 36526042 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aging causes progressive deterioration of daily rhythms in behavioral and metabolic processes and disruption in the regular sleep-wake cycle. Circadian disruption is directly related to diverse age-induced health abnormalities. Rising evidence from various organisms shows that core clock gene mutations cause premature aging, reduced lifespan, and sleeping irregularities. Improving the clock functions and correcting its disruption by pharmacological interventions or time-regulated feeding patterns could be a novel avenue for effective clinical management of aging and sleep disorders. To this end, many drugs for sleep disorders and anti-aging compounds interact with the core clock machinery and alter the circadian output. Evaluation of dosing time-dependency and circadian regulation of drug metabolism for therapeutic improvement of the existing drugs is another fundamental facet of chronomedicine. Multiple studies have demonstrated dose-dependent manipulation of the circadian period and phase-shifting by pharmacologically active compounds. The chronobiology research field is gradually moving towards the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on targeting the molecular clock or dosing time-oriented medications. However, such translational research ventures would require more experimental evidence from studies on humans. This review discusses the impact of circadian rhythms on aging and sleep, emphasizing the potentiality of circadian medicine in aging attenuation and sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India
| | - Sandipan Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy 502284, Telangana, India; Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Prokopov A, Drobintseva A, Kvetnoy I, Gazitaeva Z, Sidorina A. Effect of a hyaluronic acid-based mesotherapeutic injectable on the gene expression of CLOCK and Klotho proteins, and environmentally induced oxidative stress in human skin cells. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:156-172. [PMID: 35560862 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Normal circadian rhythms are essential to the repair mechanisms of oxidative stress implicated in skin aging. Given reports that hyaluronic acid (HA) homeostasis exhibits a different profile in chronological skin aging, as compared to environmental or extrinsic aging, an improved understanding of the way HA interacts with its surroundings, and the impact of HA injectables in replacing lost HA and encouraging rejuvenation, is of key benefit to skin aging treatments. The objectives of these current studies were twofold. Firstly, to demonstrate the in vitro effects of two lightweight hyaluronic-based injectables on the expression of CLOCK protein in human skin fibroblasts, and their effects on Klotho protein expression as a marker for circadian rhythms in a combined human keratinocyte and Merkel cell model. Secondly, to ascertain whether these findings could be correlated with in vitro effects on various environmental oxidative stress aging markers (blue light, UVA/UVB, Urban Dust, and IR exposures). METHODS Oxidative stress studies were aimed to highlight possible protective effects through different challenge conditions in two models, ex vivo human skin explants and in vitro monolayer cultures of normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). The protective effects of the test products were evaluated against an increase of cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) abundance within epidermal section of ex vivo skin explants after UVA/UVB radiation; effects of blue light on gene expression from NHDFs fibroblasts; effects of pollutants (Urban dust, UbD) on gene expression in NHDFs fibroblasts; and an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by NHDFs fibroblasts after infrared-A radiation. Gene expression was assayed and analyzed utilizing microfluidic TaqMan qPCR arrays. CLOCK expression was measured in young and senescing NHDFs by immunostaining, and Klotho and melatonin expression by immunostaining in Merkel cell-enriched normal adult human epidermal cell cultures. RESULTS In an aging culture of mixed keratinocyte and Merkel skin cells, activation of Klotho expression was induced by the application of both HA test products. Moreover, the HA products increase Klotho protein expression in both Merkel cells and keratinocytes. The observed positive effect of the tested products on melatonin receptors 1A and 1B expression in aging Merkel cell culture and keratinocytes is also interesting. HA-Y (developed for patients 25+ years old) stimulated melatonin receptors type 1B expression in aging cell cultures more strongly than HA-S (developed for patients 35-65 years old). In age (stressed) cells, a lower expression of Klotho protein and melatonin receptors 1A and 1B is apparent. The addition of HA-Y and HA-S stimulates their expression thus providing a "protective" effect. The blue light irradiation at 40 J/cm2 performed in NHDF fibroblast cultures led to a modification of the expression of several genes, all involved in mechanisms known to be modulated in case of solar radiation stress. CONCLUSIONS Although these are preliminary findings, they are the first we know of that demonstrate HA facial injectables having a benefit and possibilities beyond the "physical filling" of the skin. As regards the beneficial effects against blue light-induced oxidative stress, and a return to cellular homeostasis, there is a need to conduct further and more precise investigations into HA-S. Furthermore, the benefit of these HA injectables (Novacutan®) in the modulation of oxidative stressed circadian rhythms widens their potential benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Drobintseva
- Department of Medical Biology, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Igor Kvetnoy
- Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Saint-Petersburg State Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | | - Anna Sidorina
- LLC Medical Bioengineering Systems, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Zych B, Górka A, Myszka A, Błoniarz D, Siekierzyńska A, Błaż W. Status of Oxidative Stress during Low-Risk Labour: Preliminary Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:157. [PMID: 36612477 PMCID: PMC9819319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy and childbirth are associated with the forming of reactive oxygen species that generate oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a factor that may adversely affect the development of the fetus and the course of labour. Monitoring the parameters of oxidative stress can be used to assess the risk of health issues in the course of pregnancy and the condition of the newborn. Therefore, the analysis of oxidative stress in the physiological course of labour is the basis for understanding the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of miscarriages and neonatal health circumstances. The study aimed to assess oxidative stress of mother-child pairs in the venous blood and umbilical cord blood at the time of physiological labour. One hundred and sixty-eight mother-child pairs were recruited to donate the mother’s venous blood in the first stage of labour and the venous umbilical cord blood after the newborn’s birth. Total antioxidant status (TAS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) with cofactors (Zn, Cu, Mn) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed in venous blood plasma and umbilical cord blood. TAS value (p = 0.034), GPx activity (p < 0.001) and Zn concentration (p = 0.007) were significantly lower in maternal blood plasma as compared to neonatal umbilical cord blood. However, the activity of SOD (p = 0.013) and the concentration of Cu (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the blood of mothers than of new-borns. The concentration of Mn in the plasma of the mother’s blood and the umbilical cord blood of the newborns was similar. Our research indicates higher levels of antioxidant enzyme (GPx) and total antioxidant potential (TAS) in umbilical cord blood compared to maternal blood, which may suggest depletion of redox reserves in women’s blood during labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zych
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Górka
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Myszka
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dominika Błoniarz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Siekierzyńska
- Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Witold Błaż
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
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Sallam M, Mysara M, Benotmane MA, Crijns APG, Spoor D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Baatout S, Guns PJ, Aerts A, Ramadan R. DNA Methylation Alterations in Fractionally Irradiated Rats and Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16214. [PMID: 36555856 PMCID: PMC9783664 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-Induced CardioVascular Disease (RICVD) is an important concern in thoracic radiotherapy with complex underlying pathophysiology. Recently, we proposed DNA methylation as a possible mechanism contributing to RICVD. The current study investigates DNA methylation in heart-irradiated rats and radiotherapy-treated breast cancer (BC) patients. Rats received fractionated whole heart X-irradiation (0, 0.92, 6.9 and 27.6 Gy total doses) and blood was collected after 1.5, 3, 7 and 12 months. Global and gene-specific methylation of the samples were evaluated; and gene expression of selected differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was validated in rat and BC patient blood. In rats receiving an absorbed dose of 27.6 Gy, DNA methylation alterations were detected up to 7 months with differential expression of cardiac-relevant DMRs. Of those, SLMAP showed increased expression at 1.5 months, which correlated with hypomethylation. Furthermore, E2F6 inversely correlated with a decreased global longitudinal strain. In BC patients, E2F6 and SLMAP exhibited differential expression directly and 6 months after radiotherapy, respectively. This study describes a systemic radiation fingerprint at the DNA methylation level, elucidating a possible association of DNA methylation to RICVD pathophysiology, to be validated in future mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magy Sallam
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Anne P. G. Crijns
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan Spoor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Baatout
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - An Aerts
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Raghda Ramadan
- Radiobiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK CEN, 2400 Mol, Belgium
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Salmón P, Burraco P. Telomeres and anthropogenic disturbances in wildlife: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:6018-6039. [PMID: 35080073 PMCID: PMC9790527 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Human-driven environmental changes are affecting wildlife across the globe. These challenges do not influence species or populations to the same extent and therefore a comprehensive evaluation of organismal health is needed to determine their ultimate impact. Evidence suggests that telomeres (the terminal chromosomal regions) are sensitive to environmental conditions and have been posited as a surrogate for animal health and fitness. Evaluation of their use in an applied ecological context is still scarce. Here, using information from molecular and occupational biomedical studies, we aim to provide ecologists and evolutionary biologists with an accessible synthesis of the links between human disturbances and telomere length. In addition, we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on studies measuring telomere length in wild/wild-derived animals facing anthropogenic disturbances. Despite the relatively small number of studies to date, our meta-analysis revealed a significant small negative association between disturbances and telomere length (-0.092 [-0.153, -0.031]; n = 28; k = 159). Yet, our systematic review suggests that the use of telomeres as a biomarker to understand the anthropogenic impact on wildlife is limited. We propose some research avenues that will help to broadly evaluate their suitability: (i) further causal studies on the link between human disturbances and telomeres; (ii) investigating the organismal implications, in terms of fitness and performance, of a given telomere length in anthropogenically disturbed scenarios; and (iii) better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of telomere dynamics. Future studies in these facets will help to ultimately determine their role as markers of health and fitness in wildlife facing anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Salmón
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK,Department of Plant Biology and EcologyFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)LeioaSpain
| | - Pablo Burraco
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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Oh CE, Lim HJ, Park J, Moon E, Park JK. Relationship of Circadian Rhythm in Behavioral Characteristics and Lipid Peroxidation of Brain Tissues in Mice. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 20:649-661. [PMID: 36263640 PMCID: PMC9606440 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.4.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the relationship among several indices of circadian rhythms and lipid peroxidation of brain tissue in mice. METHODS After entrainment of 4-week-old mice, one group was disrupted their circadian rhythms for three days and the other group for seven days (n = 10, respectively). After a recovery period, the Y-maze test, the elevated plus maze test, the tail suspension test, and the forced swimming test were conducted. To assess lipid peroxidation in brain tissue, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were measured in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum. RESULTS When circadian rhythms were disrupted and adapted back to their original rhythm, the recovery time of the 7-day disruption group (median 3.35 days) was significiantly faster than one of the 3-day disruption group (median 4.87 days). In the group with a 7-day disruption, mice that had recovered their rhythms early had higher malondialdehyde levels in their hippocampus compared to those with delayed recovery. The entrainment of circadian rhythms was negatively correlated with the malondialdehyde level of brain tissue. The behavioral test results showed no differences depending on the disruption durations or recovery patterns of circadian rhythms. CONCLUSION These results suggest that disruption types, recovery patterns, and the entrainment of circadian rhythms are likely to affect oxidative stress in adolescents or young adult mice. Future study is needed to confirm and specify these results on the effects of circadian rhythms on oxidative stress and age-dependent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Eun Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea,Address for correspondence: Ji Kyoung Park Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8241-2302, Eunsoo Moon, E-mail: , ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8863-3413, This manuscript is based on Chi Eun Oh’s doctoral thesis
| | - Hyun Ju Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jeounghyun Park
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Eunsoo Moon
- Department of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea,Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea,Address for correspondence: Ji Kyoung Park Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8241-2302, Eunsoo Moon, E-mail: , ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8863-3413, This manuscript is based on Chi Eun Oh’s doctoral thesis
| | - Ji Kyoung Park
- Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea,Address for correspondence: Ji Kyoung Park Department of Pediatrics, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Korea, E-mail: , ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8241-2302, Eunsoo Moon, E-mail: , ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8863-3413, This manuscript is based on Chi Eun Oh’s doctoral thesis
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Richardson RB, Mailloux RJ. WITHDRAWN: Mitochondria need their sleep: Sleep-wake cycling and the role of redox, bioenergetics, and temperature regulation, involving cysteine-mediated redox signaling, uncoupling proteins, and substrate cycles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022:S0891-5849(22)01013-9. [PMID: 36462628 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiobiology and Health, Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada; McGill Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Cedars Cancer Centre - Glen Site, Montreal, Quebec QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
| | - Ryan J Mailloux
- School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X 3V9, Canada
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Retinoic acid-induced 1 gene haploinsufficiency alters lipid metabolism and causes autophagy defects in Smith-Magenis syndrome. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:981. [PMID: 36411275 PMCID: PMC9678881 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Smith-Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive and behavioral symptoms, obesity, and sleep disturbance, and no therapy has been developed to alleviate its symptoms or delay disease onset. SMS occurs due to haploinsufficiency of the retinoic acid-induced-1 (RAI1) gene caused by either chromosomal deletion (SMS-del) or RAI1 missense/nonsense mutation. The molecular mechanisms underlying SMS are unknown. Here, we generated and characterized primary cells derived from four SMS patients (two with SMS-del and two carrying RAI1 point mutations) and four control subjects to investigate the pathogenetic processes underlying SMS. By combining transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses, we found altered expression of lipid and lysosomal genes, deregulation of lipid metabolism, accumulation of lipid droplets, and blocked autophagic flux. We also found that SMS cells exhibited increased cell death associated with the mitochondrial pathology and the production of reactive oxygen species. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine reduced cell death and lipid accumulation, which suggests a causative link between metabolic dyshomeostasis and cell viability. Our results highlight the pathological processes in human SMS cells involving lipid metabolism, autophagy defects and mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest new potential therapeutic targets for patient treatment.
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46
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Allen AJH, Peres BU, Liu Y, Jen R, Shah A, Laher I, Almeida F, Taylor C, Ghafoor AA, Ayas NT. Circulating markers of oxidative stress and risk of incident cardiovascular events in obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2022; 20:533-540. [PMID: 38468626 PMCID: PMC10899996 DOI: 10.1007/s41105-022-00399-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The identification of which patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a challenge. OSA causes oxidative stress (OS) which may contribute to CVD pathogenesis. Therefore, OS markers could be useful in risk-stratifying cardiovascular (CV) risk in OSA patients. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess whether three OS marker levels could be associated with incident CVD in suspected OSA patients. Morning plasma levels of 8-isoprostane, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured in patients with suspected OSA referred for a polysomnogram (PSG). A composite outcome of CV events was defined by linkage with provincial administrative health databases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relationship between the levels of OS markers and events. 352 patients were included (mean age of 51.4 years, 68% male, median apnea hypopnea index of 16/h). Thirty-one first CV events occurred over an 8-year follow-up. In univariate or fully adjusted models, none of the OS markers were significantly associated with incident CV events (hazard ratio in adjusted models of: 1.25 (95% CI 0.56-2.80, p = 0.59), 1.15 (0.52-2.57, p = 0.73), 0.77 (0.37-1.61, p = 0.48), for 8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane and SOD; however, confidence intervals were wide. In this small preliminary study, oxidative stress markers were not significantly associated with risk of CV events. However, moderate associations between these markers and risk of CV events are possible and should be the focus of future larger studies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41105-022-00399-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Hirsch Allen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - Bernardo U. Peres
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rachel Jen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
- Leon Judah Blackmore Sleep Disorders Program, UBC Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Aditi Shah
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
- Leon Judah Blackmore Sleep Disorders Program, UBC Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - Fernanda Almeida
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Carolyn Taylor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia and Providence Health Care, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ali Abdul Ghafoor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
| | - Najib T. Ayas
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 7th Floor, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9 Canada
- Leon Judah Blackmore Sleep Disorders Program, UBC Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
- Canadian Sleep and Circadian Network, Montréal, Canada
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Chen S, Xie Y, Li Y, Fan X, Xing F, Mao Y, Xing N, Wang J, Yang J, Wang Z, Yuan J. Sleep deprivation and recovery sleep affect healthy male resident’s pain sensitivity and oxidative stress markers: The medial prefrontal cortex may play a role in sleep deprivation model. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:937468. [PMID: 36061364 PMCID: PMC9434020 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.937468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is essential for the body’s repair and recovery, including supplementation with antioxidants to maintain the balance of the body’s redox state. Changes in sleep patterns have been reported to alter this repair function, leading to changes in disease susceptibility or behavior. Here, we recruited healthy male physicians and measured the extent of the effect of overnight sleep deprivation (SD) and recovery sleep (RS) on nociceptive thresholds and systemic (plasma-derived) redox metabolism, namely, the major antioxidants glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Twenty subjects underwent morning measurements before and after overnight total SD and RS. We found that one night of SD can lead to increased nociceptive hypersensitivity and the pain scores of the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and that one night of RS can reverse this change. Pre- and post-SD biochemical assays showed an increase in MDA levels and CAT activity and a decrease in GSH levels and SOD activity after overnight SD. Biochemical assays before and after RS showed a partial recovery of MDA levels and a basic recovery of CAT activity to baseline levels. An animal study showed that SD can cause a significant decrease in the paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latency in rats, and after 4 days of unrestricted sleep, pain thresholds can be restored to normal. We performed proteomics in the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and showed that 37 proteins were significantly altered after 6 days of SD. Current findings showed that SD causes nociceptive hyperalgesia and oxidative stress, and RS can restore pain thresholds and repair oxidative stress damage in the body. However, one night of RS is not enough for repairing oxidative stress damage in the human body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanle Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yize Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Na Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingping Wang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhongyu Wang,
| | - Jingjing Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Province International Joint Laboratory of Pain, Cognition and Emotion, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingjing Yuan,
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The Relationship between Oxidative Stress and Subjective Sleep Quality in People with Coronary Artery Disease. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12081070. [PMID: 36009133 PMCID: PMC9406162 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12081070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: (1) Sleep disorders are prevalent in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and predict cardiac events and prognosis. While increased oxidative stress (OS) has been associated with sleep disorders, less is known about its relationship with sleep quality. Similarly, little is known of how this relationship might change with exercise, which can improve sleep quality. Factors of sleep quality, such as sleep duration and disturbances, are also important as they predict cardiovascular diseases better than a global score alone. This study investigated whether OS was associated with self-rated sleep quality and its factors before and after completing a 24-week exercise intervention. (2) Methods: CAD patients undergoing an exercise program were recruited. OS was measured at baseline by the concentrations of early- (lipid hydroperoxides, LPH) and late-stage (8-isoprostane, 8-ISO) lipid peroxidation products and their ratio. Sleep quality was measured by the self-reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) instrument at baseline and termination. Three sleep factors—perceived sleep quality, sleep efficiency, and daily disturbances—were derived from the PSQI. (3) Results: Among CAD patients (n = 113, 85.0% male, age = 63.7 ± 6.4 years, global PSQI = 5.8 ± 4.0), those with poor sleep (PSQI ≥ 5) had higher baseline 8-ISO levels (F(1, 111) = 6.212, p = 0.014, ηp2 = 0.053) compared to those with normal sleep. Concentrations of LPH (F(1, 105) = 0.569, p = 0.453, ηp2 = 0.005) and 8-ISO/LPH ratios (F(1, 105) = 2.173, p = 0.143, ηp2 = 0.020) did not differ between those with poor sleep and normal sleep. Among factors, perceived sleep quality was associated with 8-ISO and 8-ISO/LPH, and daily disturbances were associated with 8-ISO. (4) Conclusions: A marker of late-stage lipid peroxidation is elevated in CAD patients with poor sleep and associated with daily disturbances, but not with other factors or with sleep quality and its factors after exercise intervention.
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Redox Homeostasis in Ocular Tissues: Circadian Regulation of Glutathione in the Lens? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081516. [PMID: 36009235 PMCID: PMC9404810 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence in tissues suggests an interconnection between circadian clocks and redox regulation. Diurnal variations in antioxidant levels, circadian rhythms of antioxidant enzyme activity, and differences in oxidative stress markers at different times of the day all indicate that oxidative stress responses follow a circadian rhythm. Disruptions of circadian rhythms are linked to a number of age-related diseases, including those in the eye. Typically, ocular tissues contain a robust antioxidant defence system to maintain redox balance and minimise oxidative stress and damage. The lens, in particular, contains remarkably high levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). However, with advancing age, GSH levels deplete, initiating a chain of biochemical events that ultimately result in protein aggregation, light scattering, and age-related cataracts. While there is evidence that the lens exhibits circadian rhythms in the synthesis and release of melatonin, little is known about the regulation or function of timekeeping mechanisms in the lens. Since circadian rhythms are disrupted with age, and the depletion of GSH in the lens is a known initiating factor in the development of age-related cataracts, understanding the mechanisms involved in regulating GSH levels may lead to the future development of approaches to manipulate the clock to restore GSH levels and redox balance in the lens, and protect the lens from cataracts.
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50
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Guidi C, Esteban MÁ, Sánchez-Vázquez FJ, Vera LM. Administration time-dependent effects of poly (I:C) on antioxidant and immune responses along the diurnal time scale in zebrafish. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1256-1267. [PMID: 35786237 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2093735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock of vertebrates regulates many biological processes, including the immune system. This paper investigated whether responsiveness to poly (I:C), a synthetic analog of double-stranded RNA used as an immunostimulant, exhibits day/night differences in zebrafish. Fish were intraperitoneally (IP) injected with either phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or poly (I:C) at two different time points: "Zeitgeber Time" (ZT) 4 (day) and ZT16 (night). Then, 6 h later, fish were euthanized, and tissue samples (skin, liver and kidney) were collected. A control group (intact fish) was also sampled at the same time points. The effect of poly (I:C) on the expression of antioxidant and immune genes was time-of-day-dependent, and the response was stronger following poly (I:C) administration in the day than at night. Time-dependent differences were observed for some genes in the PBS and control groups. However, these differences were tissue-specific. In liver, almost all the genes were affected by time of day. In kidney, poly (I:C) affected the expression of all the gene markers regardless of administration time. These findings highlight the importance of considering the time to administer poly (I:C) when evaluating the fish immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Guidi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Sánchez-Vázquez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luisa M Vera
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum," University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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