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Mishra R, Thunuguntla P, Perkin A, Duraiyan D, Bagwill K, Gonzales S, Brizuela V, Daly S, Chang YJ, Abebe M, Rajana Y, Wichmann K, Bolick C, King J, Fiala M, Fortier J, Jayasinghe R, Schroeder M, Ding L, Vij R, Silva-Fisher J. LINC01432 binds to CELF2 in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma promoting short progression-free survival to standard therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.27.600975. [PMID: 38979159 PMCID: PMC11230414 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.27.600975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a highly prevalent and incurable form of cancer that arises from malignant plasma cells, with over 35,000 new cases diagnosed annually in the United States. While there are a growing number of approved therapies, MM remains incurable and nearly all patients will relapse and exhaust all available treatment options. Mechanisms for disease progression are unclear and in particular, little is known regarding the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in mediating disease progression and response to treatment. In this study, we used transcriptome sequencing to compare newly diagnosed MM patients who had short progression-free survival (PFS) to standard first-line treatment (PFS < 24 months) to patients who had prolonged PFS (PFS > 24 months). We identified 157 differentially upregulated lncRNAs with short PFS and focused our efforts on characterizing the most upregulated lncRNA, LINC01432. We investigated LINC01432 overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9 knockdown in MM cell lines to show that LINC01432 overexpression significantly increases cell viability and reduces apoptosis, while knockdown significantly reduces viability and increases apoptosis, supporting the clinical relevance of this lncRNA. Next, we used individual-nucleotide resolution cross-linking immunoprecipitation with RT-qPCR to show that LINC01432 directly interacts with the RNA binding protein, CELF2. Lastly, we showed that LINC01432-targeted locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides reduce viability and increases apoptosis. In summary, this fundamental study identified lncRNAs associated with short PFS to standard NDMM treatment and further characterized LINC01432, which inhibits apoptosis.
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Zhang S, Xia Y, Chen W, Dong H, Cui B, Liu C, Liu Z, Wang F, Du J. Regulation and Therapeutic Application of Long non-Coding RNA in Tumor Angiogenesis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241273239. [PMID: 39110070 PMCID: PMC11307360 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241273239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor growth and metastasis rely on angiogenesis. In recent years, long non-coding RNAs have been shown to play an important role in regulating tumor angiogenesis. Here, we review the multidimensional modes and relevant molecular mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs in regulating tumor angiogenesis. In addition, we summarize new strategies for tumor anti-angiogenesis therapies by targeting long non-coding RNAs. The aim of this study is to provide new diagnostic targets and treatment strategies for anti-angiogenic tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yunxiu Xia
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hongliang Dong
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bingjie Cui
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- Medical Integration and Practice Center, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Du
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
- Department of Gynecology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, P.R. China
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Xu Y, Wan W, Zeng H, Xiang Z, Li M, Yao Y, Li Y, Bortolanza M, Wu J. Exosomes and their derivatives as biomarkers and therapeutic delivery agents for cardiovascular diseases: Situations and challenges. J Transl Int Med 2023; 11:341-354. [PMID: 38130647 PMCID: PMC10732499 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2023-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvesicles known as exosomes have a diameter of 40 to 160 nm and are derived from small endosomal membranes. Exosomes have attracted increasing attention over the past ten years in part because they are functional vehicles that can deliver a variety of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids to the target cells they encounter. Because of this function, exosomes may be used for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of many diseases. All throughout the world, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to be a significant cause of death. Because exosomes are mediators of communication between cells, which contribute to many physiological and pathological aspects, they may aid in improving CVD therapies as biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting CVDs. Many studies demonstrated that exosomes are associated with CVDs, such as coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation. Exosomes participate in the progression or inhibition of these diseases mainly through the contents they deliver. However, the application of exosomes in diferent CVDs is not very mature. So further research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyang Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weimin Wan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huixuan Zeng
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ze Xiang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mariza Bortolanza
- Department of Internal Medicine V-Pulmonology, Allergology, Respiratory Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, 66424Homburg, Germany
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou215008, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yang J, Zou Y, Wu J, Chen B, Luo C, Chen X, Shen H, Luo L. The Long Noncoding RNA ZEB2-AS1 Contributes to Proliferation and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Osteosarcoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2023; 38:596-603. [PMID: 33085924 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.3433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Long non-coding RNA Zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) antisense RNA 1 (ZEB2-AS1) has been shown to promote tumor progression. However, the clinical significance and fundamental function role of ZEB2-AS1 in osteosarcoma (OS) has been poorly understood. Methods: The expression of ZEB2-AS1 was determined in tumor tissues and matched normal tissues from 67 OS patients using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR analysis. Clinical value of ZEB2-AS1 was evaluated by χ2 test and Kaplan-Meier method. Cell proliferation was analyzed using CCK-8 assay, colony formation. Cell apoptosis status was determined by caspase-3 activity assay. Cell migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were investigated by scratch wound healing, transwell invasion assays and Western blotting. Results: Clinical association analysis revealed that high ZEB2-AS1 expression correlated with tumor size, distant metastasis and poor prognosis of OS patients. Moreover, ZEB2-AS1 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor for OS patients. Loss-of-function assays demonstrated that ZEB2-AS1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis in OS cells. In addition, ZEB2-AS1 knockdown inhibited cell migration, invasion, EMT of OS cells in vitro. Conclusions: Taken together, our data demonstrate that ZEB2-AS1 serves a putative oncogenic role and associates with unfavorable prognosis in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yonggen Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Huarui Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lin Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, P.R. China
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Gupta S, Kanwar SS. Biomarkers in renal cell carcinoma and their targeted therapies: a review. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:941-961. [PMID: 37970211 PMCID: PMC10645469 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most life-threatening urinary malignancies displaying poor response to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Although in the recent past there have been tremendous advancements in using targeted therapies for RCC, despite that it remains the most lethal urogenital cancer with a 5-year survival rate of roughly 76%. Timely diagnosis is still the key to prevent the progression of RCC into metastatic stages as well as to treat it. But due to the lack of definitive and specific diagnostic biomarkers for RCC and its asymptomatic nature in its early stages, it becomes very difficult to diagnose it. Reliable and distinct molecular markers can not only refine the diagnosis but also classifies the tumors into thier sub-types which can escort subsequent management and possible treatment for patients. Potential biomarkers can permit a greater degree of stratification of patients affected by RCC and help tailor novel targeted therapies. The review summarizes the most promising epigenetic [DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA; miR), and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA)] and protein biomarkers that have been known to be specifically involved in diagnosis, cancer progression, and metastasis of RCC, thereby highlighting their utilization as non-invasive molecular markers in RCC. Also, the rationale and development of novel molecular targeted drugs and immunotherapy drugs [such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)] as potential RCC therapeutics along with the proposed implication of these biomarkers in predicting response to targeted therapies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005, India
| | - Shamsher Singh Kanwar
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171 005, India
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Saquib M, Agnihotri P, Biswas S. Interrelated grid of non-coding RNA: An important aspect in Rheumatoid Arthritis pathogenesis. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08543-w. [PMID: 37294467 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08543-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and autoimmunity are the root cause of rheumatoid arthritis, a destructive disease of joints. Multiple biomolecules are involved in the pathogenesis of RA and are related to various events of molecular biology. RNA is a versatile biomolecule, playing numerous roles at structural, functional, and regulatory stages to maintain cellular homeostasis. The involvement of RNA (coding/non-coding) in disease development and progression has left a wide whole to fill with newer approaches. Non-coding RNAs belong to the housekeeping and regulatory categories and both have their specific roles, and their alteration causes specific implications in disease pathogenesis. Housekeeping RNAs, rRNA, tRNA and regulatory RNA, micro-RNA, circular RNA, piRNA and long non-coding RNA were found to be important regulators of inflammation. They work at the pre-and post-transcriptional levels and were found to be more intriguing to study their regulatory impact on disease pathogenesis. The review addresses a question on how the non-coding RNA gets involved in early RA pathogenesis and can be utilized to know their targets to understand the disease better and make way towards the unresolved mystery of RA development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Saquib
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prachi Agnihotri
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sagarika Biswas
- Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR)-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi University Campus, Delhi, 110007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
- Integrative and Functional Biology Department CSIR- Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi, 110 007, India.
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Nguyen T, Efimova OI, Tokarchuk AV, Morozova AY, Zorkina YA, Andreyuk DS, Kostyuk GP, Khaitovich PE. Dysregulation of Long Intergenic Non-Coding RNA Expression in the Schizophrenia Brain. CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2023; 4:5-16. [PMID: 38239571 PMCID: PMC10790728 DOI: 10.17816/cp219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcriptomic studies of the brains of schizophrenia (SZ) patients have produced abundant but largely inconsistent findings about the disorders pathophysiology. These inconsistencies might stem not only from the heterogeneous nature of the disorder, but also from the unbalanced focus on particular cortical regions and protein-coding genes. Compared to protein-coding transcripts, long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) display substantially greater brain region and disease response specificity, positioning them as prospective indicators of SZ-associated alterations. Further, a growing understanding of the systemic character of the disorder calls for a more systematic screening involving multiple diverse brain regions. AIM We aimed to identify and interpret alterations of the lincRNA expression profiles in SZ by examining the transcriptomes of 35 brain regions. METHODS We measured the transcriptome of 35 brain regions dissected from eight adult brain specimens, four SZ patients, and four healthy controls, using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Analysis of these data yielded 861 annotated human lincRNAs passing the detection threshold. RESULTS Of the 861 detected lincRNA, 135 showed significant region-dependent expression alterations in SZ (two-way ANOVA, BH-adjusted p 0.05) and 37 additionally showed significant differential expression between HC and SZ individuals in at least one region (post hoc Tukey test, p 0.05). For these 37 differentially expressed lincRNAs (DELs), 88% of the differences occurred in a cluster of brain regions containing axon-rich brain regions and cerebellum. Functional annotation of the DEL targets further revealed stark enrichment in neurons and synaptic transmission terms and pathways. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the utility of a systematic brain transcriptome analysis relying on the expression profiles measured across multiple brain regions and singles out white matter regions as a prospective target for further SZ research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Nguyen
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Olga I. Efimova
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Artem V. Tokarchuk
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
| | - Anna Yu. Morozova
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Mental-health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alexeev
| | - Yana A. Zorkina
- V. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
- Mental-health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alexeev
| | | | | | - Philipp E. Khaitovich
- V. Zelman Center for Neurobiology and Brain Restoration, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology
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Wu J, Zhang Z, Ma X, Liu X. Advances in Research on the Regulatory Roles of lncRNAs in Osteoarthritic Cartilage. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040580. [PMID: 37189327 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative bone and joint disease that can lead to disability and severely affect the quality of life of patients. However, its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear. It is currently believed that articular cartilage lesions are an important marker of the onset and development of osteoarthritis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of multifunctional regulatory RNAs that are involved in various physiological functions. There are many differentially expressed lncRNAs between osteoarthritic and normal cartilage tissues that play multiple roles in the pathogenesis of OA. Here, we reviewed lncRNAs that have been reported to play regulatory roles in the pathological changes associated with osteoarthritic cartilage and their potential as biomarkers and a therapeutic target in OA to further elucidate the pathogenesis of OA and provide insights for the diagnosis and treatment of OA.
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Rajakumar S, Jamespaulraj S, Shah Y, Kejamurthy P, Jaganathan MK, Mahalingam G, Ramya Devi KT. Long non-coding RNAs: an overview on miRNA sponging and its co-regulation in lung cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1727-1741. [PMID: 36441373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07995-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most devastating cause of death among all cancers worldwide, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80% of all the lung cancer cases. Beyond common genetic research and epigenomic studies, the extraordinary investigations of non-coding RNAs have provided insights into the molecular basis of cancer. Existing evidence from various cancer models highlights that the regulation of non-coding RNAs is crucial and that their deregulation may be a common reason for the development and progression of cancer, and competition of cancer therapeutics. Non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), are increasingly recognized as potential cancer biomarkers for early detection and application of therapeutic strategies. The miRNAs have gained importance as master regulators of target mRNAs by negatively regulating their expression. The lncRNAs function as both tumor suppressors and oncogenes, and also compete with miRNAs that influence the translational inhibition processes. This review addresses the role of lncRNAs in lung cancer development, highlights their mechanisms of action, and provides an overview of the impact of lncRNAs on lung cancer survival and progression via miRNA sponging. The improved understanding of lung cancer mechanisms has opened opportunities to analyze molecular markers and their potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhosh Rajakumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shalini Jamespaulraj
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yashesh Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Priyatharcini Kejamurthy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M K Jaganathan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gokulnath Mahalingam
- Centre for Stem Cell Research (CSCR) (a unit of inStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K T Ramya Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Xin R, Hu B, Qu D, Chen D. Oncogenic lncRNA MALAT-1 recruits E2F1 to upregulate RAD51 expression and thus promotes cell autophagy and tumor growth in non-small cell lung cancer. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2023:102199. [PMID: 36690318 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2023.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION LncRNA MALAT-1 expression is involved in regulating activities of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. This study aimed to investigate the effects of lncRNA MALAT-1 on chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells by regulating autophagy. METHODS We first validated the expression of lncRNA MALAT-1 in NSCLC cell lines. NSCLC cell lines with high lncRNA MALAT-1 expression were exposed to doxorubicin (DOX) to assess chemosensitivity. Further LncMAP database retrieval and ChIP, RIP and luciferase activity assays were conducted to explore interplay between lncRNA MALAT-1, RAD51, and E2F1. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate formation of autophagosomes in NSCLC cells. Ectopic expression and knockdown methods were used for in vitro mechanism experiments and in vivo substantiation. RESULTS LncRNA MALAT-1 was overexpressed in NSCLC cells, and could promote NSCLC cell autophagy and inhibit its chemosensitivity. In vitro cell mechanism verification experiments showed that lncRNA MALAT-1 could recruit transcription factor E2F1 to bind to the promoter of RAD51, so as to promote the transcriptional expression of RAD51. In addition, cell function experiments in vitro showed that ectopically expressed lncRNA MALAT-1 promoted NSCLC cell autophagy and inhibited its chemosensitivity, while RAD51 knockdown negated its effect. Finally, in vivo animal experiments confirmed that lncRNA MALAT-1 silencing could impede the tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study revealed that silencing lncRNA MALAT-1 enhanced chemosensitivity of NSCLC cells by promoting autophagy, highlighting a feasible approach to prevent chemoresistance in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xin
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China; Department of Radiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Boqi Hu
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China; Department of Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Danhua Qu
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Diseases, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China; Department of Radiation Protection, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, PR China.
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Zheng P, Long Z, Gao A, Lu J, Wang S, Zhong C, Lai H, Guo Y, Wang K, Fang C, Mao X. A five-pseudouridylation-associated-LncRNA classifier for primary prostate cancer prognosis prediction. Front Genet 2023; 13:1110799. [PMID: 36704346 PMCID: PMC9871836 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1110799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers in males around the globe, and about one-third of patients with localized PCa will experience biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. Reportedly, a proportion of patients with BCR had a poor prognosis. Cumulative studies have shown that RNA modifications participate in the cancer-related transcriptome, but the role of pseudouridylation occurring in lncRNAs in PCa remains opaque. Methods: Spearman correlation analysis and univariate Cox regression were utilized to determine pseudouridylation-related lncRNAs with prognostic value in PCa. Prognostic pseudouridylation-related lncRNAs were included in the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression algorithm to develop a predictive model. KM (Kaplan-Meier) survival analysis and ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curves were applied to validate the constructed model. A battery of biological cell assays was conducted to confirm the cancer-promoting effects of RP11-468E2.5 in the model. Results: A classifier containing five pseudouridine-related lncRNAs was developed to stratify PCa patients on BCR and named the "ψ-lnc score." KM survival analysis showed patients in the high ψ-lnc score group experienced BCR more than those in the low ψ-lnc score group. ROC curves demonstrated that ψ-lnc score outperformed other clinical indicators in BCR prediction. An external dataset, GSE54460, was utilized to validate the predictive model's efficacy and authenticity. A ceRNA (competitive endogenous RNA) network was constructed to explore the model's potential molecular functions and was annotated through GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analyses. RP11-468E2.5 was picked for further investigation, including pan-cancer analysis and experimental validation. Preliminarily, RP11-468E2.5 was confirmed as a tumor promoter. Conclusion: We provide some evidence that pseudouridylation in lncRNA played a role in the development of PCa and propose a novel prognostic classifier for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Zheng
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Urology, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zining Long
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anding Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianming Lu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanfan Zhong
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Houhua Lai
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufei Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Department of Urology, The Hospital of Trade-Business in Hunan Province, Changsha, China,*Correspondence: Xiangming Mao, ; Ke Wang, ; Chen Fang,
| | - Chen Fang
- Department of Urology, Fuqing City Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China,*Correspondence: Xiangming Mao, ; Ke Wang, ; Chen Fang,
| | - Xiangming Mao
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiangming Mao, ; Ke Wang, ; Chen Fang,
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12
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Grandt CL, Brackmann LK, Poplawski A, Schwarz H, Marini F, Hankeln T, Galetzka D, Zahnreich S, Mirsch J, Spix C, Blettner M, Schmidberger H, Marron M. Identification of lncRNAs involved in response to ionizing radiation in fibroblasts of long-term survivors of childhood cancer and cancer-free controls. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1158176. [PMID: 37182169 PMCID: PMC10174438 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1158176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) are involved in the cellular damage response following exposure to ionizing radiation as applied in radiotherapy. However, the role of lncRNAs in radiation response concerning intrinsic susceptibility to late effects of radiation exposure has not been examined in general or in long-term survivors of childhood cancer with and without potentially radiotherapy-related second primary cancers, in particular. Methods Primary skin fibroblasts (n=52 each) of long-term childhood cancer survivors with a first primary cancer only (N1), at least one second primary neoplasm (N2+), as well as tumor-free controls (N0) from the KiKme case-control study were matched by sex, age, and additionally by year of diagnosis and entity of the first primary cancer. Fibroblasts were exposed to 0.05 and 2 Gray (Gy) X-rays. Differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified with and without interaction terms for donor group and dose. Weighted co-expression networks of lncRNA and mRNA were constructed using WGCNA. Resulting gene sets (modules) were correlated to the radiation doses and analyzed for biological function. Results After irradiation with 0.05Gy, few lncRNAs were differentially expressed (N0: AC004801.4; N1: PCCA-DT, AF129075.3, LINC00691, AL158206.1; N2+: LINC02315). In reaction to 2 Gy, the number of differentially expressed lncRNAs was higher (N0: 152, N1: 169, N2+: 146). After 2 Gy, AL109976.1 and AL158206.1 were prominently upregulated in all donor groups. The co-expression analysis identified two modules containing lncRNAs that were associated with 2 Gy (module1: 102 mRNAs and 4 lncRNAs: AL158206.1, AL109976.1, AC092171.5, TYMSOS, associated with p53-mediated reaction to DNA damage; module2: 390 mRNAs, 7 lncRNAs: AC004943.2, AC012073.1, AC026401.3, AC092718.4, MIR31HG, STXBP5-AS1, TMPO-AS1, associated with cell cycle regulation). Discussion For the first time, we identified the lncRNAs AL158206.1 and AL109976.1 as involved in the radiation response in primary fibroblasts by differential expression analysis. The co-expression analysis revealed a role of these lncRNAs in the DNA damage response and cell cycle regulation post-IR. These transcripts may be targets in cancer therapy against radiosensitivity, as well as provide grounds for the identification of at-risk patients for immediate adverse reactions in healthy tissues. With this work we deliver a broad basis and new leads for the examination of lncRNAs in the radiation response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caine Lucas Grandt
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Human and Health Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Caine Lucas Grandt,
| | - Lara Kim Brackmann
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Alicia Poplawski
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heike Schwarz
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Federico Marini
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Molecular Genetics and Genome Analysis, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Danuta Galetzka
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zahnreich
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Johanna Mirsch
- Radiation Biology and DNA Repair, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Claudia Spix
- Division of Childhood Cancer Epidemiology, German Childhood Cancer Registry, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maria Blettner
- Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics (IMBEI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiation Therapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Manuela Marron
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
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13
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Samra M, Srivastava K. Non-coding RNA and their potential role in cardiovascular diseases. Gene 2023; 851:147011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Qin M, Liu Q, Yang W, Wang Q, Xiang Z. IGFL2‐AS1
‐induced suppression of
HIF
‐1α degradation promotes cell proliferation and invasion in colorectal cancer by upregulating
CA9. Cancer Med 2022; 12:8415-8432. [PMID: 36537608 PMCID: PMC10134350 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 is a known cancer-promoting factor in colorectal cancer (CRC); nonetheless, the mechanism of its carcinogenic effects has not yet been elucidated. This study elaborated on the role and underlying molecular mechanism of IGFL2-AS1 in promoting CRC cell functions. METHODS IGLF2-AS1 expression levels in CRC tissue/normal tissue and CRC cell line/normal colon epithelial cell line were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell counting kit-8, colony formation assay, and EdU assay were performed to assess the effect of IGFL2-AS1 knockdown or overexpression on the proliferative capacity of CRC cells. The migration and invasion abilities of LoVo cells were measured using transwell assay. The expression relationship between IGFL2-AS1 and carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and the CA9 expression level in CRC tissues and cells was verified by transcriptome sequencing, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. Treatment with MG132 and cycloheximide was utilized to explore the mechanism by which IGFL2-AS1 affects the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α)/CA9 pathway. A nude mouse xenograft model was constructed to evaluate the effect of IGFL2-AS1 on CRC growth in vivo. RESULTS We discovered that IGFL2-AS1 was highly upregulated in CRC tumor tissues and cells. IGFL2-AS1 can functionally promote CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and accelerate CRC occurrence in vivo. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that IGFL2-AS1 upregulated the CA9 level by affecting the degradation pathway of HIF-1α, which elucidates its pro-proliferative effect in CRC. The lncRNA IGFL2-AS1 mediated the inhibition of HIF-1α degradation in CRC and increased CA9 expression, thereby promoting CRC progression. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that IGFL2-AS1 is expected to be a promising new diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Qiaofeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University Chongqing China
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15
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Fang D, Ou X, Sun K, Zhou X, Li Y, Shi P, Zhao Z, He Y, Peng J, Xu J. m6A modification-mediated lncRNA TP53TG1 inhibits gastric cancer progression by regulating CIP2A stability. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:4135-4150. [PMID: 36114757 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with various types of cancer. However, the precise roles of many lncRNAs in tumor progression remain unclear. In this study, we found that the expression of the lncRNA TP53TG1 was downregulated in gastric cancer (GC) and it functioned as a tumor suppressor. In addition, low TP53TG1 expression was significantly associated with poor survival in patients with GC. TP53TG1 inhibited the proliferation, metastasis, and cell cycle progression of GC cells, while it promoted their apoptosis. m6A modification sites are highly abundant on TP53TG1, and demethylase ALKBH5 reduces TP53TG1 stability and downregulates its expression. TP53TG1 interacts with cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) and triggers its ubiquitination-mediated degradation, resulting in the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway. These results suggest that TP53TG1 plays an important role in inhibiting the progression of GC and provides a crucial target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deliang Fang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinde Ou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyu Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youpei Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Shi
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zirui Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Laboratory of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulong He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Digestive Disease Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianjun Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Ngongang NN, Mezajou CF, Kameni C, Ngum JA, Simo USF, Tatang FJ, Ngate Nguengo S, Chakam Nouthio AP, Wandji Pajiep MA, Toumeni MH, Takou Madjoumo ES, Tchinda MF, Ngangue RJEM, Dongmo FFD, Wade A, Akami M, Ngane Ngono AR, Tamgue O. TNF and HNRNPL Related Immunoregulatory Long non-coding RNA (THRIL) and long intergenic noncoding RNA-p21 (lincRNA-p21) as potential useful biomarkers for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2022.969307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis is crucial in controlling tuberculosis globally and in developing countries with the emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are promising tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers. Two lncRNA diagnostic markers, lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21, were studied as tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Center of Respiratory Diseases of LAQUINTINIE hospital and the National Veterinary Laboratory of Douala from December 2020 to August 2021. The ability of lncRNAs to distinguish between 19 healthy controls, 15 latent tuberculosis, and 21 active tuberculosis was estimated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Our analysis showed that lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 were significantly upregulated (P <0.05) in active and latent tuberculosis compared with healthy controls. LincRNA-p21 expression was significantly increased (P <0.05) in active tuberculosis compared with latent tuberculosis, whereas lncRNA THRIL was not significantly affected (P ≥0.05). Both lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 showed excellent performance in classifying latent tuberculosis and healthy controls (AUC = 92.86%). Furthermore, lncRNA THRIL was good at discriminating active tuberculosis from healthy controls (AUC = 89.79%), while lincRNA-p21 showed excellent discriminating performance (AUC = 100%). LncRNA THRIL was identified as a poor discriminator of latent tuberculosis from active tuberculosis (AUC = 64.28%), while lincRNA-p21 showed excellent diagnostic performance in this distinction (AUC = 92.86%). Our cross-sectional study suggests that lncRNA THRIL and lincRNA-p21 are promising tuberculosis diagnostic biomarkers that can differentiate between latent and active infection.
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17
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Wang G, Li M, Wang Y, Wang B, Pu H, Mao J, Zhang S, Zhou S, Luo P. Characterization of differentially expressed and lipid metabolism-related lncRNA-mRNA interaction networks during the growth of liver tissue through rabbit models. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:998796. [PMID: 36118359 PMCID: PMC9477072 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.998796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCharacterization the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their regulated mRNAs involved in lipid metabolism during liver growth and development is of great value for discovering new genomic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for fatty liver and metabolic syndrome.Materials and methodsLiver samples from sixteen rabbit models during the four growth stages (birth, weaning, sexual maturity, and somatic maturity) were used for RNA-seq and subsequent bioinformatics analyses. Differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs were screened, and the cis/trans-regulation target mRNAs of DE lncRNAs were predicted. Then the function enrichment analyses of target mRNAs were performed through Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, respectively. The target protein interaction (PPI) and lncRNA-mRNA co-expression networks were constructed using string version 11.0 platform and R Stats. Finally, six lncRNAs and six mRNAs were verified taking RT-qPCR.ResultsLiver Oil Red O detection found that the liver showed time-dependent accumulation of lipid droplets. 41,095 lncRNAs, 30,744 mRNAs, and amount to 3,384 DE lncRNAs and 2980 DE mRNAs were identified from 16 cDNA sequencing libraries during the growth of liver. 689 out of all DE lncRNAs corresponded to 440 DE mRNAs by cis-regulation and all DE mRNAs could be regulated by DE lncRNAs by trans-regulation. GO enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment of 892 GO terms, such as protein binding, cytosol, extracellular exsome, nucleoplasm, and oxidation-reduction process. Besides, 52 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched, including 11 pathways of lipid metabolism were found, like Arachidonic acid metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway and Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. After the low expression DE mRNAs and lncRNAs were excluded, we further obtained the 54 mRNAs were regulated by 249 lncRNAs. 351 interaction pairs were produced among 38 mRNAs and 215 lncRNAs through the co-expression analysis. The PPI network analysis found that 10 mRNAs such as 3β-Hydroxysteroid-Δ24 Reductase (DHCR24), lathosterol 5-desaturase (SC5D), and acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) were highly interconnected hub protein-coding genes. Except for MSTRG.43041.1, the expression levels of the 11 genes by RT-qPCR were the similar trends to the RNA-seq results.ConclusionThe study revealed lncRNA-mRNA interation networks that regulate lipid metabolism during liver growth, providing potential research targets for the prophylaxis and treatment of related diseases caused by liver lipid metabolism disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Maolin Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hanxu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinxin Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Shi Zhou
| | - Peng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Peng Luo
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18
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Okuyan HM, Begen MA. LncRNAs in Osteoarthritis. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 532:145-163. [PMID: 35667478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease that affects millions of older adults around the world. With increasing rates of incidence and prevalence worldwide, OA has become an enormous global socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs), essential functional molecules in many biological processes, are a group of non-coding RNAs that are greater than approximately 200 nucleotides in length. Fast-growing and recent developments in lncRNA research are captivating and represent a novel and promising field in understanding the complexity of OA pathogenesis. The involvement of lncRNAs in OA's pathological processes and their altered expressions in joint tissues, blood and synovial fluid make them attractive candidates for the diagnosis and treatment of OA. We focus on the recent advances in major regulator mechanisms of lncRNAs in the pathophysiology of OA and discuss potential diagnostic and therapeutic uses of lncRNAs for OA. We investigate how upregulation or downregulation of lncRNAs influences the pathogenesis of OA and how we can use lncRNAs to elucidate the molecular mechanism of OA. Furthermore, we evaluate how we can use lncRNAs as a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target for OA. Our study not only provides a comprehensive review of lncRNAs regarding OA's pathogenesis but also contributes to the elucidation of its molecular mechanisms and to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Malik Okuyan
- Biomedical Engineering, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sakarya University of Applied Sciences, Sakarya, Turkey; Ivey Business School, Epidemiology and Biostatistics - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Mehmet A Begen
- Ivey Business School, Epidemiology and Biostatistics - Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Liu W, Cheng P, Zhang K, Gong M, Zhang Z, Zhang R. Systematic identification and characterization of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) during Aedes albopictus development. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010245. [PMID: 35417446 PMCID: PMC9007367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Aedes albopictus originated in the tropical forests of Southeast Asia and can currently be found on all continents. As one of the main arboviral vectors, the control of Ae. albopictus requires novel strategies, informed by a deep knowledge of its biology. Little is known regarding mosquito long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that lack protein-coding potential and have roles in developmental regulation.
Results
Based on RNA-seq data from five developmental time points, eggs, early larvae, late larvae, pupae, and adults (female and male) of Ae. albopictus, 21,414 lncRNAs were characterized in this study. Differential expression analysis revealed that lncRNAs exhibited developmental stage specificity. The expression of most lncRNAs was upregulated at the onset of metamorphosis developmental stages. More differentially expressed lncRNAs were observed between eggs and early larvae. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) further confirmed that the expression patterns of lncRNAs were obviously correlated with specific developmental time points. Functional annotation using co-expression analysis revealed that lncRNAs may be involved in the regulation of metamorphic developmental transitions of Ae. albopictus. The hub lncRNAs and hub gene clusters were identified for each module that were highly associated with specific developmental time points.
Conclusions
The results of this study will facilitate future researches to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in the development of Ae. albopictus and utilize lncRNAs to assist with mosquito control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
| | - Peng Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jining, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
| | - Maoqing Gong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jining, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (ZZ); (RZ)
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (ZZ); (RZ)
| | - Ruiling Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for the Origin and Control of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Tai’an, China
- * E-mail: (MG); (ZZ); (RZ)
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20
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Fontanini M, Cabiati M, Giacomarra M, Federico G, Del Ry S. Long non-Coding RNAs and Obesity: New Potential Pathogenic Biomarkers. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1592-1605. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220211153304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
A portion of the human genome is characterized by long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of non-coding RNA longer than 200 nucleotides. Recently, the development of new biomolecular methods, made it possible to delineate the involvement of lncRNAs in the regulation of different biological processes, both physiological and pathological, by acting within the cell with different regulatory mechanisms based on their specific target. To date, obesity is one of the most important health problems spread all over the world, including the child population: the search for new potential early biomarkers could open the doors to novel therapeutic strategies useful to fight the disease early in life and to reduce the risk of obesity-related co-morbidities.
Objective:
This review highlights the lncRNAs involved in obesity, in adipogenesis, and lipid metabolism, particularly in lipogenesis.
Conclusion:
LncRNAs involved in adipogenesis and lipogenesis, being at the cross-road of obesity, should be deeply analysed in this contest, allowing to understand possible causative actions in starting obesity and whether they might be helpful to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Fontanini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Manuela Cabiati
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Manuel Giacomarra
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Giovanni Federico
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Dep. Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma n. 67 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology laboratory, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa Italy
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Elshazly AAA, Desouky MN, Diab IH, Ibrahim AMA, Dwedar FI. Serum Long-Noncoding RNA H19 and β-Catenin as Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer in Egyptian Patients: A Case Control Study. JOURNAL OF COLOPROCTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer death; however, its early detection can improve the survival. Colonic polyps are considered one of the CRC's major risk factors. Throughout many biological processes and malignancies, the non-coding RNAs have essential functions. Certain long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including H19, were supposed to be CRC possible biomarkers. Also, H19 has been reported to play a role in regulating the activity of β-catenin, a protein that regulates cell-to-cell adhesion, as well as gene transcription. The current work aimed to investigate the potential significance of LncRNA H19 relative serum expression level by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) and β-catenin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as noninvasive biomarkers to discriminate between colorectal cancer and colonic polyps. The statistical analysis of the studied factors revealed that the serum expression of H19 and β-catenin in cancer cases were substantially greater than colonic polyp cases and normal control.
Conclusion The relative expressions of H19 and beta-catenin in the serum can significantly discriminate patients with CRC from those with polyp and normal controls, which could help when screening for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Nageeb Desouky
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iman Hassan Diab
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Fatma Ibrahim Dwedar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Prognostic Role of Long Noncoding RNAs in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2021:6407528. [PMID: 34987674 PMCID: PMC8720611 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6407528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as critical regulators of tumor progression, and lncRNA expression levels could serve as a potential molecular biomarker for the prognosis and diagnosis of some cancers. However, the prognostic value of lncRNAs in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains unclear. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to explore the potential prognostic value of lncRNAs in OSCC. We systematically searched PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, and Elsevier from 2005 to 2021 to identify all published studies that reported the association between lncRNAs and prognosis in OSCC. Then, we used meta-analytic methods to identify the actual effect size of lncRNAs on cancer prognosis. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. The reliability of those results was then examined using measures of heterogeneity and testing for selective reporting biases. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 17 studies were eligible in our meta-analysis, involving 1384 Asian patients. The results identified a statistically significant association of high lncRNA expression with poor overall survival [adjusted pooled hazard ratio (AHR) = 1.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): [1.26–1.84], p ≤ 0.001]. The present meta-analysis demonstrated that lncRNA expression might be used as a predictive prognostic biomarker for Asian patients with OSCC.
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Rana V, Parama D, Khatoon E, Girisa S, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Reiterating the Emergence of Noncoding RNAs as Regulators of the Critical Hallmarks of Gall Bladder Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121847. [PMID: 34944491 PMCID: PMC8699045 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a rare and one of the most aggressive types of malignancies, often associated with a poor prognosis and survival. It is a highly metastatic cancer and is often not diagnosed at the initial stages, which contributes to a poor survival rate of patients. The poor diagnosis and chemoresistance associated with the disease limit the scope of the currently available surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities. Thus, there is a need to explore novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers that will help relieve the severity of the disease and lead to advanced therapeutic strategies. Accumulating evidence has correlated the atypical expression of various noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including circular RNAs (circRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNA) with the increased cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration, metastasis, chemoresistance, and decreased apoptosis in GBC. Numerous reports have indicated that the dysregulated expression of ncRNAs is associated with poor prognosis and lower disease-free and overall survival in GBC patients. These reports suggest that ncRNAs might be considered novel diagnostic and prognostic markers for the management of GBC. The present review recapitulates the association of various ncRNAs in the initiation and progression of GBC and the development of novel therapeutic strategies by exploring their functional and regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory & DBT-AIST International Laboratory for Advanced Biomedicine (DAILAB), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (V.R.); (D.P.); (E.K.); (S.G.)
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.B.K.)
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24
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Zhang Y, Guan B, WU Y, Du F, Zhuang J, Yang Y, Guan G, Liu X. LncRNAs Associated with Chemoradiotherapy Response and Prognosis in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6275-6292. [PMID: 34866926 PMCID: PMC8636753 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s334096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are only limited studies on the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) response and prognosis of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients. This study identified lncRNAs associated with NCRT response and prognosis in CRC patients and explored their potential predictive mechanisms. METHODS The study subjected the LncRNA expression profiles from our previous gene chip data to LASSO and identified a four-lncRNA signature that predicted NCRT response and prognosis. A Cox regression model was subsequently performed to identify the prognostic risk factors. The function of LINC00909, the lncRNA with the most powerful predictive ability, was finally identified in vivo and in vitro using CRC cell lines. RESULTS A comparison of the relative lncRNA expression of NCRT-responsive and non-responsive patients revealed four hub lncRNAs: DBET, LINC00909, FLJ33534, and HSD52 with AUC = 0.68, 0.73, 0.73, and 0.70, respectively (all p < 0.05). COX regression analysis further demonstrated that DBET, LINC00909 and FLJ33534 were associated with the DFS in CRC patients. The expression of the four lncRNAs was also significant in LARC patients who had not undergone NCRT (all p < 0.05). A risk score model was subsequently constructed based on the results of the multivariate COX analysis and used to predict NCRT response and prognosis in the CRC and LARC patients. The expression and prognosis of DBET, LINC00909 and FLJ33534 in the CRC tissues were further validated in the R2 platform and Oncomine database. Notably, overexpression of the LINC00909 increased the cell line resistance to the 5-FU and radiotherapy in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION DBET, LINC00909, and FLJ33534 are potential novel biomarkers for predicting NCRT response and prognosis in CRC patients. In particular, LINC00909 is an effective oncogene in CRC that could be used as a novel therapeutic target to enhance NCRT response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong WU
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfu Zhuang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoxian Guan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Wang X, Guo P, Tian J, Li J, Yan N, Zhao X, Ma Y. LncRNA GAS5 participates in childhood pneumonia by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting SHIP-1 expression via downregulating miR-155. BMC Pulm Med 2021; 21:362. [PMID: 34758804 PMCID: PMC8582100 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-021-01724-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA GAS5 and miR-155 are reported to play opposite roles in lung inflammatory responses. Lung inflammation participates in childhood pneumonia, indicating the involvement of GAS5 and miR-155 in pneumonia. The study aimed to analyze the potential interaction between GAS5 and miR-155 in childhood pneumonia. Methods GAS5 and miR-155 levels in plasma samples from pneumonia patients and controls were detected using RT-qPCR. The role of GAS5 in miR-155 RNA gene methylation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpCs) was analyzed by methylation analysis. Flow cytometry and RT-qPCR were applied to analyze cell apoptosis and SHIP-1 expression, respectively. Results GAS5 was downregulated in pneumonia, and miR-155 was upregulated in pneumonia. GAS5 and miR-155 were inversely correlated. GAS5 overexpression decreased miR-155 expression in HBEpCs, while miR-155 overexpression showed no significant effects on GAS5 expression. In addition, GAS5 suppressed LPS-induced HBEpC apoptosis, promoted SHIP-1 expression, and reduced the enhancing effect of miR-155 on cell apoptosis and SHIP-1 expression. Conclusions GAS5 may participate in childhood pneumonia by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting SHIP-1 expression via downregulating miR-155. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01724-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Clinical Medical College of Hulunbeier, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hulunbuir People's Hospital, Hulunbuir City, 021008, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Wang Y, Feng F, Zheng P, Wang L, Wang Y, Lv Y, Shen L, Li K, Feng T, Chen Y, Liu Z, Yao Y. Dysregulated lncRNA and mRNA may promote the progression of ischemic stroke via immune and inflammatory pathways: results from RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Genes Genomics 2021; 44:97-108. [PMID: 34699043 PMCID: PMC8546200 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely involved in gene transcription regulation and which act as epigenetic modifiers in many diseases. OBJECTIVE To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in ischemic stroke (IS), we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in IS. METHODS RNA sequencing was performed on the blood of three pairs of IS patients and healthy controls. Differential expression analysis was used to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) and mRNAs (DEmRNAs). Based on the co-expression relationships between lncRNA and mRNA, a series of bioinformatics analysis including GO and KEGG enrichment analysis and PPI analysis, were conducted to predict the function of lncRNA. RESULTS RNA sequencing produced a total of 5 DElncRNAs and 144 DEmRNAs. Influenza A pathway and Herpes simplex infection pathway were the most significant pathways. EP300 and NFKB1 were the most important target proteins, and Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) family were the key genes in IS. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of this study revealed that dysregulated lncRNAs in IS may lead to IS by affecting the immune and inflammation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Feifei Feng
- Jilin Province of Jilin Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Pingping Zheng
- Futian District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen, 518040, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Neuroscience Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Nursing Department, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yaogai Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Kexin Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Tianyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Pain Management, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No.218, Ziqiang Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
| | - Yan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Bhattacharyya N, Pandey V, Bhattacharyya M, Dey A. Regulatory role of long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in neurological disorders: From novel biomarkers to promising therapeutic strategies. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:533-550. [PMID: 34849161 PMCID: PMC8609388 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein or low-protein coding transcripts that contain more than 200 nucleotides. They representing a large share of the cell's transcriptional output, demonstrate functional attributes viz. tissue-specific expression, determination of cell fate, controlled expression, RNA processing and editing, dosage compensation, genomic imprinting, conserved evolutionary traits etc. These long non coding variants are well associated with pathogenicity of various diseases including the neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease etc. Neurological disorders are widespread and there knowing the underlying mechanisms become crucial. The lncRNAs take part in the pathogenesis by a plethora of mechanisms like decoy, scaffold, mi-RNA sequestrator, histone modifiers and in transcriptional interference. Detailed knowledge of the role of lncRNAs can help to use them further as novel biomarkers for therapeutic aspects. Here, in this review we discuss regulation and functional roles of lncRNAs in eight neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders, and the mechanisms by which they act. With these, we try to establish their roles as potential markers and viable diagnostic tools in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vedansh Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
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28
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Di Fiore R, Suleiman S, Drago-Ferrante R, Felix A, O’Toole SA, O’Leary JJ, Ward MP, Beirne J, Yordanov A, Vasileva-Slaveva M, Subbannayya Y, Pentimalli F, Giordano A, Calleja-Agius J. LncRNA MORT (ZNF667-AS1) in Cancer-Is There a Possible Role in Gynecological Malignancies? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157829. [PMID: 34360598 PMCID: PMC8346052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynecological cancers (GCs) are currently among the major threats to female health. Moreover, there are different histologic subtypes of these cancers, which are defined as ‘rare’ due to an annual incidence of <6 per 100,000 women. The majority of these tend to be associated with a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in the normal development of organisms as well as in tumorigenesis. LncRNAs can be classified into tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes, depending on their function within the cellular context and the signaling pathways in which they are involved. These regulatory RNAs are potential therapeutic targets for cancer due to their tissue and tumor specificity. However, there still needs to be a deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which lncRNAs are involved in the regulation of numerous biological functions in humans, both in normal health and disease. The lncRNA Mortal Obligate RNA Transcript (MORT; alias ZNF667-AS1) has been identified as a tumor-related lncRNA. ZNF667-AS1 gene, located in the human chromosome region 19q13.43, has been shown to be silenced by DNA hypermethylation in several cancers. In this review, we report on the biological functions of ZNF667-AS1 from recent studies and describe the regulatory functions of ZNF667-AS1 in human disease, including cancer. Furthermore, we discuss the emerging insights into the potential role of ZNF667-AS1 as a biomarker and novel therapeutic target in cancer, including GCs (ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers).
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Di Fiore
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.)
| | - Sherif Suleiman
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | | | - Ana Felix
- Department of Pathology, Instituto Portugues de Oncologia de Lisboa, NOVA Medical School, University NOVA of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Sharon A. O’Toole
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 HD53 Dublin, Ireland;
| | - John J. O’Leary
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - Mark P. Ward
- Department of Histopathology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, Emer Casey Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Trinity College Dublin and Coombe Women’s and Infants University Hospital, D08 RX0X Dublin, Ireland; (J.J.O.); (M.P.W.)
| | - James Beirne
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Trinity St James’s Cancer Institute, St James Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, D08 X4RX Dublin, Ireland;
| | - Angel Yordanov
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University Pleven, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria;
| | | | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Francesca Pentimalli
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-IRCCS-Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA;
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Jean Calleja-Agius
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta;
- Correspondence: (R.D.F.); (J.C.-A.)
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29
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Ye WC, Huang SF, Hou LJ, Long HJ, Yin K, Hu CY, Zhao GJ. Potential Therapeutic Targeting of lncRNAs in Cholesterol Homeostasis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:688546. [PMID: 34179148 PMCID: PMC8224755 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.688546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintaining cholesterol homeostasis is essential for normal cellular and systemic functions. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a mechanism to fine-tune numerous biological processes by controlling gene expression. LncRNAs have emerged as important regulators in cholesterol homeostasis. Dysregulation of lncRNAs expression is associated with lipid-related diseases, suggesting that manipulating the lncRNAs expression could be a promising therapeutic approach to ameliorate liver disease progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, given the high-abundant lncRNAs and the poor genetic conservation between species, much work is required to elucidate the specific role of lncRNAs in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. In this review, we highlighted the latest advances in the pivotal role and mechanism of lncRNAs in regulating cholesterol homeostasis. These findings provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs in lipid-related diseases and may offer potential therapeutic targets for treating lipid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chu Ye
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Shi-Feng Huang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Lian-Jie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
| | - Hai-Jiao Long
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China.,Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Yin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ching Yuan Hu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Guo-Jun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, China
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30
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Bai Z, Feng M, Du Y, Cong L, Cheng Y. Carboxypeptidase E down-regulation regulates transcriptional and epigenetic profiles in pancreatic cancer cell line: A network analysis. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:79-88. [PMID: 32675394 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-191163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor and its incidence has increased in recent years. Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) is a prohormone/proneuropeptide processing enzyme that has been shown to be associated with tumor growth and invasion in various cancers including pancreatic cancer. OBJECTIVE To understand the molecular mechanism underlying the proliferative effects of CPE in cancer cells. METHODS We down-regulated CPE gene expression in PANC-1 cell, a pancreatic cell line, and investigated mRNA, miRNA, circRNA and lncRNA expression profiling in PANC-1 cells from control group and CPE knock-down group by microarray analysis. We further validated the top 14 differentially expressed circRNAs by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Our results showed that CPE down-regulation caused decreased cell proliferation. The microarray data showed 107, 15, 299 and 360 differentially expressed mRNAs, miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs, respectively between control group and CPE knock-down group. Of Which, 41 mRNAs, 12 miRNAs, 133 circRNAs, and 262 lncRNAs were down-regulated; 66 mRNAs, 3 miRNAs, 166 circRNAs, and 98 lncRNAs were up-regulated. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the top significantly enriched pathways for the differentially expressed RNAs were related to cancer onset and/or progression, these included p53 signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, focal adhesion and Wnt signaling pathway. We further performed network analysis to assess the mRNA, miRNA, circRNA and lncRNA correlations, and showed that HUWE1, hsa-miR-6780b-5p, has_circ_0058208 and lnc-G3BP1-3:8 were in the core position of the network. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results identified potential CPE regulated core genes and pathways for cell proliferation in pancreatic cancer cell, and therefore provide potential targets for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhile Bai
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyu Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine for Ministry of Education, Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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Abstract
We have known for decades that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can play essential functions across most forms of life. The maintenance of chromosome length requires an lncRNA (e.g., hTERC) and two lncRNAs in the ribosome that are required for protein synthesis. Thus, lncRNAs can represent powerful RNA machines. More recently, it has become clear that mammalian genomes encode thousands more lncRNAs. Thus, we raise the question: Which, if any, of these lncRNAs could also represent RNA-based machines? Here we synthesize studies that are beginning to address this question by investigating fundamental properties of lncRNA genes, revealing new insights into the RNA structure-function relationship, determining cis- and trans-acting lncRNAs in vivo, and generating new developments in high-throughput screening used to identify functional lncRNAs. Overall, these findings provide a context toward understanding the molecular grammar underlying lncRNA biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Rinn
- BioFrontiers Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA;
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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32
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Wang W, Sun P, Han F, Wang C, Wang Y, Wang X, Cong L, Qu C. Transcriptome Sequencing Identifies Potential Biomarker for White Matter Lesions Diagnosis in the Hypertension Population. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:2079-2088. [PMID: 34037902 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03346-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is confirmed to be one of the major risk factors of leukoaraiosis (LA). However, the pathogenesis of LA is not completely understood and there is no reliable indicator for the early diagnosis of LA in the hypertensive population. This study was designed to explore the potential biomarker for LA diagnosis in patients with hypertension. And it serves as the basis for the further study of LA mechanism. In this study, This study included 110 subjects, including 50 in the LA group and 60 in the control group. First, we performed transcriptome sequencing and quantitative PCR (qPCR) in four samples from the LA group, and three from the control group (seven people) to identify relevant long non-coding RNAs (long ncRNAs or lncRNA). The 103 samples were used for qPCR validation of relevant lncRNAs and the results were consistent with the sequencing. In-depth bioinformatics analysis were performed on differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs. Go-functional enrichment analysis was performed on DE mRNAs. Some DE mRNA were enriched to biological processes associated with LA, And some lncRNAs related to DE mRNAs were traceable through cis/trans analysis, suggesting that they might be regulated in some way. Additionally, potential biomarkers for LA diagnosis in the hypertension population were identified via RT-qPCR and receive operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis of lncRNA. One lncRNA, AC020928.1, has been demonstrated to be potential biomarkers for LA diagnosis in the hypertension population. The results of the present study indicated that the lncRNA may have an important role in the pathogenesis of LA and may be a novel target for further research. As the relationship between lncRNAs and LA is just beginning to be unraveled, their specific mechanisms require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Fengyue Han
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Chunjuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Lin Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China
| | - Chuanqiang Qu
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.
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Ramli S, Sim MS, Guad RM, Gopinath SCB, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria S, Fuloria NK, Choy KW, Rana S, Wu YS. Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Molecular Regulatory Roles and Patterns, Mechanisms, and Interactions. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5519720. [PMID: 33936199 PMCID: PMC8055404 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5519720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rising trend of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become a global burden due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to be overexpressed in different GI cancers and may contribute to cancer progression and chemoresistance. They are featured with more than 200 nucleotides, commonly polyadenylated, and lacking an open reading frame. LncRNAs, particularly urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1), are oncogenes involved in regulating cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance, particularly in GI cancer. This review was aimed to present an updated focus on the molecular regulatory roles and patterns of lncRNA UCA1 in progression and chemoresistance of different GI cancers, as well as deciphering the underlying mechanisms and its interactions with key molecules involved, together with a brief presentation on its diagnostic and prognostic values. The regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 are implicated in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, and colorectal cancer, where they shared similar molecular mechanisms in regulating cancer phenotypes and chemoresistance. Comparatively, gastric cancer is the most intensively studied type in GI cancer. LncRNA UCA1 is implicated in biological roles of different GI cancers via interactions with various molecules, particularly microRNAs, and signaling pathways. In conclusion, lncRNA UCA1 is a potential molecular target for GI cancer, which may lead to the development of a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Hence, it also acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for GI cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suaidah Ramli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Maw Shin Sim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rhanye M. Guad
- Department of Biomedical Science and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Subash C. B Gopinath
- School of Bioprocess Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
- Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Neeraj K. Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia
| | - Ker Woon Choy
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sohel Rana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore-7400, Bangladesh
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor 42610, Malaysia
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Shaker OG, Hassan A, Mohammed AM, Mohammed SR. lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL as potential biomarkers of multiple sclerosis. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-021-00151-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were believed to play a role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders including MS. lincR-Ccr2-5′AS is expressed in the T helper2 (Th2) lineage. TNF-α heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (THRIL) causes the induction of TNF-α and regulates innate immune response and inflammation. We investigated the expression of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and THRIL in MS to clarify their association with MS risk and the clinical features.
Results
LincR-Ccr2-5′AS was significantly downregulated in MS patients (fold change = 0.43±0.29, p = 0.03). The expression level was significantly low in patients with motor weakness and optic neuritis, patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ≥5.5, and treatment-naïve patients. THRIL was significantly upregulated in MS patients (fold change = 6.18±2, p = 0.02). Its expression was significantly higher in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), patients with motor weakness, patients with EDSS ≤5, and patients who received interferon.
Conclusion
Our results showed the downregulation of lincR-Ccr2-5′AS and the upregulation of lncRNA THRIL in MS patients. This differential expression of both lncRNAs may have an important role in MS pathogenesis.
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Izadirad M, Jafari L, James AR, Unfried JP, Wu ZX, Chen ZS. Long noncoding RNAs have pivotal roles in chemoresistance of acute myeloid leukemia. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1735-1743. [PMID: 33781951 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) experience poor outcomes following traditional high-dose chemotherapies and complete remission rates remain suboptimal. Chemoresistance is an obstacle to effective chemotherapy and the precise mechanisms involved remain to be determined. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as relevant factors in the development of drug resistance in patients with AML. Furthermore, accumulating data support the importance of lncRNAs as potentially useful novel therapeutic targets in many cancers. Here, we review the role of lncRNAs in the development and induction of the chemoresistance in AML, and suggest lncRNAs as novel molecular markers for diagnosis, prediction of patient response to chemotherapy, and novel therapeutic targets for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Izadirad
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Jafari
- Department of Hematology and Blood Bank, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alva Rani James
- Digital Health & Machine Learning, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Juan Pablo Unfried
- Department of Gene Therapy and Regulation of Gene Expression, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St John's University, New York, NY, USA.
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Chen S, Zhu J, Sun LQ, Liu S, Zhang T, Jin Y, Huang C, Li D, Yao H, Huang J, Qin Y, Zhou M, Chen G, Zhang Q, Ma F. LincRNA-EPS alleviates severe acute pancreatitis by suppressing HMGB1-triggered inflammation in pancreatic macrophages. Immunology 2021; 163:201-219. [PMID: 33512718 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), an inflammatory disorder of the pancreas with a high hospitalization rate, frequently leads to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). However, therapeutic targets for effective treatment and early intervention of AP are still urgently required to be identified. Here, we have observed that the expression of pancreatic lincRNA-EPS, a long intergenic non-coding RNA, is dynamically changed during both caerulein-induced AP (Cer-AP) and sodium taurocholate-induced severe AP (NaTc-SAP). The expression pattern of lincRNA-EPS is negatively correlated with the typical inflammatory genes such as IL-6, IL-1β, CXCL1, and CXCL2. Further studies indicate that knockout of lincRNA-EPS aggravates the pathological symptoms of AP including more induction of serum amylase and lipase, severe edema, inflammatory cells infiltration and acinar necrosis in both experimental AP mouse models. Besides these intrapancreatic effects, lincRNA-EPS also protects against tissue damages in the extra-pancreatic organs such as lung, liver, and gut in the NaTc-SAP mouse model. In addition, we have observed more serum pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the lincRNA-EPS-/- NaTc-SAP mice and more extracellular HMGB1 around injured acinar cells in the pancreas from lincRNA-EPS-/- NaTc-SAP mice, compared with their respective controls. Pharmacological inhibition of NF- κ B activity by BAY11-7082 significantly abolishes the suppressive effect of lincRNA-EPS on TLR4 ligand-induced inflammatory genes in macrophages. Our study has described a protective role of lincRNA-EPS in alleviating AP and SAP, outlined a novel pathway that lincRNA-EPS suppresses HMGB1-NF- κ B-dependent inflammatory response in pancreatic macrophages and provided a potential therapeutic target for SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengchuan Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jingfei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Sun
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuepeng Jin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chaohao Huang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Dapei Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiping Yao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yanghua Qin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnosis, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengtao Zhou
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiyu Zhang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Ma
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China
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LncRNA DLEU2 promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation by regulating cell cycle and NOTCH pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 402:112551. [PMID: 33675808 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are known to play a crucial role in the onset and progression of cervical cancer (CC). Here, the results of RNA microarray and RNA-sequencing dataset analysis showed that lncRNA DLEU2 was significantly upregulated in CC tissues. Clinicopathologic analysis indicated that lncRNA DLEU2 was closely related to tumor topography. Functional experiments and bioinformatics analysis revealed that lncRNA DLEU2 promoted CC cell proliferation and accelerated the cell cycle. Mechanistically, lncRNA DLEU2 promoted the progression of the cell cycle and inhibited the activity of the Notch signaling pathway by inhibiting p53 expression. Additionally, lncRNA DLEU2 probably interacted with ZFP36 Ring Finger Protein (ZFP36) to inhibit the expression of p53. In conclusion, this study revealed the function of lncRNA DLEU2 in CC tumorigenesis, suggesting new therapeutic targets in CC.
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Zhang Y, Xu M, Sun Y, Chen Y, Chi P, Xu Z, Lu X. Identification of LncRNAs Associated With FOLFOX Chemoresistance in mCRC and Construction of a Predictive Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:609832. [PMID: 33585448 PMCID: PMC7876414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.609832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxaliplatin, fluorouracil plus leucovorin (FOLFOX) regimen is the first-line chemotherapy of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, studies are limited regarding long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) associated with FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis. This study aimed to identify lncRNAs associated with FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis in mCRC patients and to construct a predictive model. We analyzed lncRNA expression in 11 mCRC patients treated with FOLFOX chemotherapy before surgery (four sensitive, seven resistant) by Gene Array Chip. The top eight lncRNAs (AC007193.8, CTD-2008N3.1, FLJ36777, RP11-509J21.4, RP3-508I15.20, LOC100130950, RP5-1042K10.13, and LINC00476) for chemotherapy response were identified according to weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). A competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was then constructed. The crucial functions of the eight lncRNAs enriched in chemotherapy resistance were mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and proteoglycans signaling pathway. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that the eight lncRNAs were potent predictors for chemotherapy resistance of mCRC patients. To further identify a signature model lncRNA chemotherapy response and prognosis, the validation set consisted of 196 CRC patients from our center was used to validate lncRNAs expression and prognosis by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The expression of the eight lncRNAs expression between CRC cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues was also verified in the validation data set to determine the prognostic value. A generalized linear model was established to predict the probability of chemotherapy resistance and survival. Our findings showed that the eight-lncRNA signature may be a novel biomarker for the prediction of FOLFOX chemotherapy response and prognosis of mCRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Meifang Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanwu Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Fuzhou Dermatosis Prevention Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zongbin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xingrong Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Lin B, Lu L, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Cheng G, Duan X, Zhang F, Xie M, Le H, Shuai X, Shen J. Nanomedicine Directs Neuronal Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells via Silencing Long Noncoding RNA for Stroke Therapy. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:806-815. [PMID: 33395306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) is a promising treatment paradigm to replace lost neurons and reconstruct the damaged neural circuit after ischemic stroke. However, most transplanted NSCs often differentiate into astrocytes rather than functional neurons, and the poor neuronal differentiation adversely affects the therapeutic outcome of NSCs and limits their clinical translation for stroke therapy. Herein, a theranostic nanomedicine is developed to codeliver superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) and small interfering RNA/antisense oligonucleotides (siRNA/ASO) against Pnky long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) into NSCs. This nanomedicine not only directs neuronal differentiation of NSCs through silencing the Pnky lncRNA but also allows an in vivo tracking of NSCs with magnetic resonance imaging. The enhanced neuronal differentiation of NSCs significantly improved the structural and functional recovery of the damaged brain after a stroke. The results demonstrate the great potential of the multifunctional nanomedicine targeting lncRNA to enhance stem cell-based therapies for a stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingling Lin
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Liejing Lu
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanxun Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Duan
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingwei Xie
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Hongbo Le
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintao Shuai
- PCFM Lab of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
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Omote N, Sauler M. Non-coding RNAs as Regulators of Cellular Senescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:603047. [PMID: 33425948 PMCID: PMC7785852 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.603047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a cell fate implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cellular senescence occurs in response to cellular stressors such as oxidative stress, DNA damage, telomere shortening, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Whether these stresses induce cellular senescence or an alternative cell fate depends on the type and magnitude of cellular stress, but also on intrinsic factors regulating the cellular stress response. Non-coding RNAs, including both microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, are key regulators of cellular stress responses and susceptibility to cellular senescence. In this review, we will discuss cellular mechanisms that contribute to senescence in IPF and COPD and highlight recent advances in our understanding of how these processes are influenced by non-coding RNAs. We will also discuss the potential therapeutic role for targeting non-coding RNAs to treat these chronic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihito Omote
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Maor Sauler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Association of Long Non-Coding RNA Polymorphisms with Gastric Cancer and Atrophic Gastritis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11121505. [PMID: 33333725 PMCID: PMC7765138 DOI: 10.3390/genes11121505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in the carcinogenesis of various tumours, including gastric cancer. This study aimed to assess the associations of lncRNA ANRIL, H19, MALAT1, MEG3, HOTAIR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with gastric cancer and atrophic gastritis. SNPs were analyzed in 613 gastric cancer patients, 118 patients with atrophic gastritis and 476 controls from three tertiary centers in Germany, Lithuania and Latvia. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. SNPs were genotyped by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that carriers of MALAT1 rs3200401 CT genotype had the significantly higher odds of atrophic gastritis than those with CC genotype (OR-1.81; 95% CI 1.17–2.80, p = 0.0066). Higher odds of AG were found in a recessive model (CC vs. TT + CT) for ANRIL rs1333045 (OR-1.88; 95% CI 1.19–2.95, p = 0.0066). Carriers of ANRIL (rs17694493) GG genotype had higher odds of gastric cancer (OR-4.93; 95% CI 1.28–19.00) and atrophic gastritis (OR-5.11; 95% CI 1.10–23.80) compared with the CC genotype, and carriers of HOTAIR rs17840857 TG genotype had higher odds of atrophic gastritis (OR-1.61 95% CI 1.04–2.50) compared with the TT genotype; however, the ORs did not reach the adjusted significance threshold (p < 0.007). In summary, our data provide novel evidence for a possible link between lncRNA SNPs and premalignant condition of gastric cancer, suggesting the involvement of lncRNAs in gastric cancer development.
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Md Yusof K, Rosli R, Abdullah M, Avery-Kiejda KA. The Roles of Non-Coding RNAs in Tumor-Associated Lymphangiogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113290. [PMID: 33172072 PMCID: PMC7694641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The lymphatic system plays key roles in the bodies’ defence against disease, including cancer. The expansion of this system is termed lymphangiogenesis and it is orchestrated by factors and conditions within the microenvironment. One approach to prevent cancer progression is by interfering with these microenvironment factors that promote this process and that facilitate the spread of cancer cells to distant organs. One of these factors are non-coding RNAs. This review will summarize recent findings of the distinct roles played by non-coding RNAs in the lymphatic system within normal tissues and tumours. Understanding the mechanisms involved in this process can provide new avenues for therapeutic intervention for inhibiting the spread of cancer. Abstract Lymphatic vessels are regarded as the ”forgotten” circulation. Despite this, growing evidence has shown significant roles for the lymphatic circulation in normal and pathological conditions in humans, including cancers. The dissemination of tumor cells to other organs is often mediated by lymphatic vessels that serve as a conduit and is often referred to as tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis. Some of the most well-studied lymphangiogenic factors that govern tumor lymphangiogenesis are the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C/D and VEGFR-2/3), neuroplilin-2 (NRP2), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), to name a few. However, recent findings have illustrated that non-coding RNAs are significantly involved in regulating gene expression in most biological processes, including lymphangiogenesis. In this review, we focus on the regulation of growth factors and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the lymphatic development in normal and cancer physiology. Then, we discuss the lymphangiogenic factors that necessitate tumor-associated lymphangiogenesis, with regards to ncRNAs in various types of cancer. Understanding the different roles of ncRNAs in regulating lymphatic vasculature in normal and cancer conditions may pave the way towards the development of ncRNA-based anti-lymphangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa’ Md Yusof
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (K.M.Y.); (R.R.)
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Medical Genetics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Rozita Rosli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia; (K.M.Y.); (R.R.)
| | - Maha Abdullah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Kelly A. Avery-Kiejda
- Priority Research Centre for Cancer Research, Innovation and Translation, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
- Medical Genetics, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
- Correspondence:
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43
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Wu Q, Ma J, Wei J, Meng W, Wang Y, Shi M. lncRNA SNHG11 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression by Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and Oncogenic Autophagy. Mol Ther 2020; 29:1258-1278. [PMID: 33068778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are under active investigation in the development of cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). Oncogenic autophagy is required for cancer cell survival. The present study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of lncRNA small nucleolar host gene 11 (SNHG11) in GC. We show that SNHG11 is upregulated in GC, and that its upregulation correlated with dismal patient outcomes. Functionally, SNHG11 aggravated oncogenic autophagy to facilitate cell proliferation, stemness, migration, invasion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC. Mechanistically, SNHG11 post-transcriptionally upregulated catenin beta 1 (CTNNB1) and autophagy related 12 (ATG12) through miR-483-3p/miR-1276, while the processing of precursor (pre-)miR-483/pre-miR-1276 was hindered by SNHG11. SNHG11 induced GSK-3β ubiquitination through interacting with Cullin 4A (CUL4A) to further activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Intriguingly, SNHG11 regulated autophagy in a manner dependent on ATG12 rather than the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, whereas SNHG11 contributed to the malignant behaviors of GC cells via both pathways. Finally, SNHG11 upregulation in GC cells was shown to be transcriptionally induced by TCF7L2. In conclusion, we reveal that SNHG11 is an onco-lncRNA in GC and might be a promising prognostic and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jiali Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Jue Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Wenying Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yugang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Min Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1111 Xianxia Road, Shanghai 200336, China.
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Pan L, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Yin L, Fu M, Zhang X, Jiang P. The functional roles of long noncoding RNA DANCR in Human Cancers. J Cancer 2020; 11:6970-6981. [PMID: 33123287 PMCID: PMC7591992 DOI: 10.7150/jca.44384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been wildly explored in various cellular processes and their aberrant expression could lead to tumorigenesis, development and progression. Differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR), a well-known lncRNA that is aberrant expression in various tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer and glioma and so on, in which it functions as oncogene mainly, contributing to cancer development and progression. High expressed DANCR is correlated with poor prognosis. In the present review, we summarize recent progression concerning the role, potential clinical utilities and underlying molecular mechanisms of DANCR related to occurrence and development of multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Xiudi Xiao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Liang Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Min Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Pengcheng Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, 8 Dianli Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212002, China
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45
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Pascale E, Divisato G, Palladino R, Auriemma M, Ngalya EF, Caiazzo M. Noncoding RNAs and Midbrain DA Neurons: Novel Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1269. [PMID: 32899172 PMCID: PMC7563414 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Midbrain dopamine neurons have crucial functions in motor and emotional control and their degeneration leads to several neurological dysfunctions such as Parkinson's disease, addiction, depression, schizophrenia, and others. Despite advances in the understanding of specific altered proteins and coding genes, little is known about cumulative changes in the transcriptional landscape of noncoding genes in midbrain dopamine neurons. Noncoding RNAs-specifically microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs-are emerging as crucial post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in the brain. The identification of noncoding RNA networks underlying all stages of dopamine neuron development and plasticity is an essential step to deeply understand their physiological role and also their involvement in the etiology of dopaminergic diseases. Here, we provide an update about noncoding RNAs involved in dopaminergic development and metabolism, and the related evidence of these biomolecules for applications in potential treatments for dopaminergic neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Pascale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
| | - Giuseppina Divisato
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
| | - Renata Palladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
| | - Margherita Auriemma
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
| | - Edward Faustine Ngalya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
| | - Massimiliano Caiazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (G.D.); (R.P.); (M.A.); (E.F.N.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Fathi Dizaji B. Strategies to target long non-coding RNAs in cancer treatment: progress and challenges. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-020-00074-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Long non-coding RNAs are important regulators of gene expression and diverse biological processes. Their aberrant expression contributes to a verity of diseases including cancer development and progression, providing them with great potential to be diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Therefore, they can have a key role in personalized cancer medicine.
This review aims at introducing possible strategies to target long ncRNAs therapeutically in cancer. Also, chemical modification of nucleic acid-based therapeutics to improve their pharmacological properties is explained. Then, approaches for the systematic delivery of reagents into the tumor cells or organs are briefly discussed, followed by describing obstacles to the expansion of the therapeutics.
Main text
Long ncRNAs function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, whose activity can modulate all hallmarks of cancer. They are expressed in a very restricted spatial and temporal pattern and can be easily detected in the cells or biological fluids of patients. These properties make them excellent targets for the development of anticancer drugs. Targeting methods aim to attenuate oncogenic lncRNAs or interfere with lncRNA functions to prevent carcinogenesis. Numerous strategies including suppression of oncogenic long ncRNAs, alternation of their epigenetic effects, interfering with their function, restoration of downregulated or lost long ncRNAs, and recruitment of long ncRNAs regulatory elements and expression patterns are recommended for targeting long ncRNAs therapeutically in cancer. These approaches have shown inhibitory effects on malignancy. In this regard, proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumor cells have been inhibited and apoptosis has been induced in different cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Downregulation of oncogenic long ncRNAs and upregulation of some growth factors (e.g., neurotrophic factor) have been achieved.
Conclusions
Targeting long non-coding RNAs therapeutically in cancer and efficient and safe delivery of the reagents have been rarely addressed. Only one clinical trial involving lncRNAs has been reported. Among different technologies, RNAi is the most commonly used and effective tool to target lncRNAs. However, other technologies need to be examined and further research is essential to put lncRNAs into clinical practice.
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Khalifa O, Errafii K, Al-Akl NS, Arredouani A. Noncoding RNAs in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Potential Diagnosis and Prognosis Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:8822859. [PMID: 33133304 PMCID: PMC7593715 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8822859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common chronic liver disease worldwide in part due to the concomitant obesity pandemic and insulin resistance (IR). It is increasingly becoming evident that NAFLD is a disease affecting numerous extrahepatic vital organs and regulatory pathways. The molecular mechanisms underlying the nonalcoholic steatosis formation are poorly understood, and little information is available on the pathways that are responsible for the progressive hepatocellular damage that follows lipid accumulation. Recently, much research has focused on the identification of the epigenetic modifications that contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are one of such epigenetic factors that could be implicated in the NAFLD development and progression. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the genetic and epigenetic factors potentially underlying the disease. Particular emphasis will be put on the contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) to the pathophysiology of NAFLD as well as their potential use as therapeutic targets or as markers for the prediction and the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nayla S. Al-Akl
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, Doha, Qatar
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Squillaro T, Peluso G, Galderisi U, Di Bernardo G. Long non-coding RNAs in regulation of adipogenesis and adipose tissue function. eLife 2020; 9:59053. [PMID: 32730204 PMCID: PMC7392603 DOI: 10.7554/elife.59053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex interaction between genetics, epigenetics, environment, and nutrition affect the physiological activities of adipose tissues and their dysfunctions, which lead to several metabolic diseases including obesity or type 2 diabetes. Here, adipogenesis appears to be a process characterized by an intricate network that involves many transcription factors and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate gene expression. LncRNAs are being investigated to determine their contribution to adipose tissue development and function. LncRNAs possess multiple cellular functions, and they regulate chromatin remodeling, along with transcriptional and post-transcriptional events; in this way, they affect gene expression. New investigations have demonstrated the pivotal role of these molecules in modulating white and brown/beige adipogenic tissue development and activity. This review aims to provide an update on the role of lncRNAs in adipogenesis and adipose tissue function to promote identification of new drug targets for treating obesity and related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Squillaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology, and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology, and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Bernardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biotechnology, and Molecular Biology Section, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
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Recent advances of long noncoding RNAs involved in the development of multiple sclerosis. Chin J Nat Med 2020; 18:36-46. [PMID: 31955822 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Given the rapid increase of patients with autoimmune diseases and the lack of satisfactory therapies, the discovery of novel and effective therapeutic targets have been in an urgent demand. Recent studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), which provides a new opportunity of uncovering novel mechanism associated with the progression of MS. This review highlights the dysregulation of lncRNAs in the development of MS in patients and animal models. Additionally, the potential clinical relevance of lncRNAs severed as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers are discussed.
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50
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Fasolo F, Di Gregoli K, Maegdefessel L, Johnson JL. Non-coding RNAs in cardiovascular cell biology and atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:1732-1756. [PMID: 31389987 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis underlies the predominant number of cardiovascular diseases and remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The development, progression and formation of clinically relevant atherosclerotic plaques involves the interaction of distinct and over-lapping mechanisms which dictate the roles and actions of multiple resident and recruited cell types including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and monocyte/macrophages. The discovery of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, and their identification as key mechanistic regulators of mRNA and protein expression has piqued interest in their potential contribution to atherosclerosis. Accruing evidence has revealed ncRNAs regulate pivotal cellular and molecular processes during all stages of atherosclerosis including cell invasion, growth, and survival; cellular uptake and efflux of lipids, expression and release of pro- and anti-inflammatory intermediaries, and proteolytic balance. The expression profile of ncRNAs within atherosclerotic lesions and the circulation have been determined with the aim of identifying individual or clusters of ncRNAs which may be viable therapeutic targets alongside deployment as biomarkers of atherosclerotic plaque progression. Consequently, numerous in vivo studies have been convened to determine the effects of moderating the function or expression of select ncRNAs in well-characterized animal models of atherosclerosis. Together, clinicopathological findings and studies in animal models have elucidated the multifaceted and frequently divergent effects ncRNAs impose both directly and indirectly on the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. From these findings' potential novel therapeutic targets and strategies have been discovered which may pave the way for further translational studies and possibly taken forward for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fasolo
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar-Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany
| | - Karina Di Gregoli
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar-Technical University Munich, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, Munich, Germany.,Molecular Vascular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:03, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich (Munich Heart Alliance), Munich, Germany
| | - Jason L Johnson
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathology, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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