1
|
Laveriano-Santos EP, Luque-Corredera C, Trius-Soler M, Lozano-Castellón J, Dominguez-López I, Castro-Barquero S, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Pérez M. Enterolignans: from natural origins to cardiometabolic significance, including chemistry, dietary sources, bioavailability, and activity. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-21. [PMID: 38952149 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2371939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The enterolignans, enterolactone and enterodiol, the main metabolites produced from plant lignans by the gut microbiota, have enhanced bioavailability and activity compared to their precursors, with beneficial effects on metabolic and cardiovascular health. Although extensively studied, the biosynthesis, cardiometabolic effects, and other therapeutic implications of mammalian lignans are still incompletely understood. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of these phytoestrogen metabolites based on up-to-date information reported in studies from a wide range of disciplines. Established and novel synthetic strategies are described, as are the various lignan precursors, their dietary sources, and a proposed metabolic pathway for their conversion to enterolignans. The methodologies used for enterolignan analysis and the available data on pharmacokinetics and bioavailability are summarized and their cardiometabolic bioactivity is explored in detail. The special focus given to research on the health benefits of microbial-derived lignan metabolites underscores the critical role of lignan-rich diets in promoting cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily P Laveriano-Santos
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Trius-Soler
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Lozano-Castellón
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés Dominguez-López
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- BCNatal|Fetal Medicine Research Center (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Pérez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Polyphenol Research Group, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- INSA-UB, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou F, Liu Y, Shi Y, Wu N, Xie Y, Zhou X. Association between gut microbiota and acute pancreatitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024. [PMID: 38888069 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been reported in acute pancreatitis. However, the direction and magnitude between host microbiota and pancreas remains to be established. This study investigated the association between gut microbiota and acute pancreatitis using Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. METHODS Summary statistics of gut microbiota abundance and acute pancreatitis were extracted from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The two-sample bidirectional MR design was employed to assess genetic association between the microbiota and pancreatitis, followed by a comprehensive sensitivity analysis to verify the robustness of the results. RESULTS Seven microbiota taxa have been identified as significantly associated with the development of pancreatitis. Host genetic-driven order Bacteroidales and class Bacteroidia are associated with an increased risk of pancreatitis. The genera Coprococcus and Eubacterium fissicatena group also exhibit a positive effect on the development of pancreatitis, while the genera Prevotella, Ruminiclostridium, and Ruminococcaceae act as protective factors against pancreatitis. In contrast, acute pancreatitis was positively correlated with phylum Proteobacteria and genus Lachnospiraceae and negatively correlated with genus Holdemania. CONCLUSIONS The bidirectional relationship between gut microbiota and acute pancreatitis suggests a critical role for host-microbiota crosstalk in the development of the disease. Targeted modulation of specific gut microbiota enables the prevention and treatment of acute pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yanqing Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Nanzhen Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Fengcheng People's Hospital, Fengcheng, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gough EK, Edens TJ, Carr L, Robertson RC, Mutasa K, Ntozini R, Chasekwa B, Geum HM, Baharmand I, Gill SK, Mutasa B, Mbuya MNN, Majo FD, Tavengwa N, Francis F, Tome J, Evans C, Kosek M, Prendergast AJ, Manges AR. Bifidobacterium longum modifies a nutritional intervention for stunting in Zimbabwean infants. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.01.18.24301438. [PMID: 38293149 PMCID: PMC10827232 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.18.24301438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Child stunting is an indicator of chronic undernutrition and reduced human capital. However, it remains a poorly understood public health problem. Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) have been widely tested to reduce stunting, but have modest effects. The infant intestinal microbiome may contribute to stunting, and is partly shaped by mother and infant histo-blood group antigens (HBGA). We investigated whether mother-infant fucosyltransferase status, which governs HBGA, and the infant gut microbiome modified the impact of SQ-LNS on stunting at age 18 months among Zimbabwean infants in the SHINE Trial ( NCT01824940 ). We found that mother-infant fucosyltransferase discordance and Bifidobacterium longum reduced SQ-LNS efficacy. Infant age-related microbiome shifts in B. longum subspecies dominance from infantis , a proficient human milk oligosaccharide utilizer, to suis or longum , proficient plant-polysaccharide utilizers, were partly influenced by discordance in mother-infant FUT2+/FUT3- phenotype, suggesting that a "younger" microbiome at initiation of SQ-LNS reduces its benefits on stunting.
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodziewicz A, Szewczyk A, Bryl E. Gluten-Free Diet Alters the Gut Microbiome in Women with Autoimmune Thyroiditis. Nutrients 2024; 16:685. [PMID: 38474814 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome may contribute to the development of autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Diet has a critical impact on the gut microbiome, and it has been shown that a gluten-free diet can negatively affect its composition. A gluten-free diet is popular among patients, and therefore the aim of this study was to check whether it affects thyroid function and gut microbiome composition in AIT. Thirty-one women with AIT complied with a gluten-free diet for 8 weeks. After the first 4 weeks, participants were divided into two groups: the first group received gluten in capsules and the other one-rice starch (placebo). Blood and stool samples were examined before diet (T0), after 4 weeks (T1) and after 8 weeks of diet (T2). The only significant difference in blood parameters was observed between T1 and T2 in the placebo group for the thyroid peroxidase antibody level. After the first 4 weeks, a significant increase in Desulfobacterota, Proteobacteria, Prevotella and Parasutterella and a significant decrease in Actinobacteriota, Coriobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium were observed. The detected microbiome alterations may indicate increasing inflammation; however, further research is required, and for now, a gluten-free diet should be used cautiously in AIT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rodziewicz
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Adrian Szewczyk
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sastre M, Cimbalo A, Mañes J, Manyes L. Gut Microbiota and Nutrition: Strategies for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. J Med Food 2024; 27:97-109. [PMID: 38381517 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes has increased in last decades worldwide and is expected to continue to do so in the coming years, reaching alarming figures. Evidence have shown that patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have intestinal microbial dysbiosis. Moreover, several mechanisms link the microbiota with the appearance of insulin resistance and diabetes. Diet is a crucial factor related to changes in the composition, diversity, and activity of gut microbiota (GM). In this review, the current and future possibilities of nutrient-GM interactions as a strategy to alleviate T2D are discussed, as well as the mechanisms related to decreased low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. A bibliographic search of clinical trials in Pubmed, Web of Science, and Scopus was carried out, using the terms "gut microbiota, diet and diabetes." The data analyzed in this review support the idea that dietary interventions targeting changes in the microbiota, including the use of prebiotics and probiotics, can improve glycemic parameters. However, these strategies should be individualized taking into account other internal and external factors. Advances in the understanding of the role of the microbiota in the development of metabolic diseases such as T2D, and its translation into a therapeutic approach for the management of diabetes, are necessary to allow a comprehensive approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sastre
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alessandra Cimbalo
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jordi Mañes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lara Manyes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
dos Santos A, Galiè S. The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:390. [PMID: 38337675 PMCID: PMC10857497 DOI: 10.3390/nu16030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over recent decades, a growing body of evidence has emerged linking the composition of the gut microbiota to sleep regulation. Interestingly, the prevalence of sleep disorders is commonly related to cardiometabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, impaired lipid metabolism, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this complex scenario, the role of the gut-brain axis as the main communicating pathway between gut microbiota and sleep regulation pathways in the brain reveals some common host-microbial biomarkers in both sleep disturbances and MetS. As the biological mechanisms behind this complex interacting network of neuroendocrine, immune, and metabolic pathways are not fully understood yet, the present systematic review aims to describe common microbial features between these two unrelated chronic conditions. RESULTS This systematic review highlights a total of 36 articles associating the gut microbial signature with MetS or sleep disorders. Specific emphasis is given to studies evaluating the effect of dietary patterns, dietary supplementation, and probiotics on MetS or sleep disturbances. CONCLUSIONS Dietary choices promote microbial composition and metabolites, causing both the amelioration and impairment of MetS and sleep homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriano dos Santos
- Integrative Medicine Nutrition Department, ADS Vitality B.V., 2517 AS The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Galiè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20139 Milano, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jiang S, Si J, Mo J, Zhang S, Chen K, Gao J, Xu D, Bai L, Lan G, Liang J. Integrated Microbiome and Serum Metabolome Analysis Reveals Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms of the Average Daily Weight Gain of Yorkshire Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:278. [PMID: 38254447 PMCID: PMC10812420 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The average daily weight gain (ADG) is considered a crucial indicator for assessing growth rates in the swine industry. Therefore, investigating the gastrointestinal microbiota and serum metabolites influencing the ADG in pigs is pivotal for swine breed selection. This study involved the inclusion of 350 purebred Yorkshire pigs (age: 90 ± 2 days; body weight: 41.20 ± 4.60 kg). Concurrently, serum and fecal samples were collected during initial measurements of blood and serum indices. The pigs were categorized based on their ADG, with 27 male pigs divided into high-ADG (HADG) and low-ADG (LADG) groups based on their phenotype values. There were 12 pigs in LADG and 15 pigs in HADG. Feces and serum samples were collected on the 90th day. Microbiome and non-targeted metabolomics analyses were conducted using 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Pearson correlation, with Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) adjustment, was employed to assess the associations between these variables. The abundance of Lactobacillus and Prevotella in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while Erysipelothrix, Streptomyces, Dubosiella, Parolsenella, and Adlercreutzia in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The concentration of glutamine, etiocholanolone glucuronide, and retinoyl beta-glucuronide in LADG was significantly higher than in HADG, while arachidonic acid, allocholic acid, oleic acid, phenylalanine, and methyltestosterone in LADG were significantly lower than in HADG. The Lactobacillus-Streptomyces networks (Lactobacillus, Streptomyces, methyltestosterone, phenylalanine, oleic acid, arachidonic acid, glutamine, 3-ketosphingosine, L-octanoylcarnitine, camylofin, 4-guanidinobutyrate 3-methylcyclopentadecanone) were identified as the most influential at regulating swine weight gain. These findings suggest that the gastrointestinal tract regulates the daily weight gain of pigs through the network of Lactobacillus and Streptomyces. However, this study was limited to fecal and serum samples from growing and fattening boars. A comprehensive consideration of factors affecting the daily weight gain in pig production, including gender, parity, season, and breed, is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jiang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Jinglei Si
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
- Guangxi State Farms Yongxin Animal Husbandary Group Co., Ltd., Nanning 530022, China
| | - Jiayuan Mo
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Kuirong Chen
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jiuyu Gao
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Di Xu
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Lijing Bai
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-Omics of MARA, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Ganqiu Lan
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| | - Jing Liang
- College of Animal Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (S.J.); (J.S.); (J.M.); (S.Z.); (K.C.); (J.G.); (D.X.); (G.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Horvath A, Zukauskaite K, Hazia O, Balazs I, Stadlbauer V. Human gut microbiome: Therapeutic opportunities for metabolic syndrome-Hype or hope? Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e436. [PMID: 37771199 PMCID: PMC10781898 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifts in gut microbiome composition and metabolic disorders are associated with one another. Clinical studies and experimental data suggest a causal relationship, making the gut microbiome an attractive therapeutic goal. Diet, intake of probiotics or prebiotics and faecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) are methods to alter a person's microbiome composition. Although FMT may allow establishing a proof of concept to use microbiome modulation to treat metabolic disorders, studies show mixed results regarding the effects on metabolic parameters as well as on the composition of the microbiome. This review summarizes the current knowledge on diet, probiotics, prebiotics and FMT to treat metabolic diseases, focusing on studies that also report alterations in microbiome composition. Furthermore, clinical trial results on the effects of common drugs used to treat metabolic diseases are synopsized to highlight the bidirectional relationship between the microbiome and metabolic diseases. In conclusion, there is clear evidence that microbiome modulation has the potential to influence metabolic diseases; however, it is not possible to distinguish which intervention is the most successful. In addition, a clear commitment from all stakeholders is necessary to move forward in the direction of developing targeted interventions for microbiome modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Horvath
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Kristina Zukauskaite
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Life Sciences CentreVilnius UniversityVilniusLithuania
| | - Olha Hazia
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Irina Balazs
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| | - Vanessa Stadlbauer
- Medical University of GrazGrazAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed)GrazAustria
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Madsen MTB, Landberg R, Nielsen DS, Zhang Y, Anneberg OMR, Lauritzen L, Damsgaard CT. Effects of Wholegrain Compared to Refined Grain Intake on Cardiometabolic Risk Markers, Gut Microbiota, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Children: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:18-28. [PMID: 37898434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wholegrain intake is associated with lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases in adults, potentially via changes in the gut microbiota. Although cardiometabolic prevention should start early, we lack evidence on the effects in children. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the effects of wholegrain oats and rye intake on serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and plasma insulin (coprimary outcomes), other cardiometabolic markers, body composition, gut microbiota composition and metabolites, and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with high body mass index (BMI). METHODS In a randomized crossover trial, 55 healthy Danish 8- to 13-y-olds received wholegrain oats and rye ("WG") or refined grain ("RG") products ad libitum for 8 wk in random order. At 0, 8, and 16 wk, we measured anthropometry, body composition by dual-energy absorptiometry, and blood pressure. Fasting blood and fecal samples were collected for analysis of blood lipids, glucose homeostasis markers, gut microbiota, and short-chain fatty acids. Gut symptoms and stool characteristics were determined by questionnaires. Diet was assessed by 4-d dietary records and compliance by plasma alkylresorcinols (ARs). RESULTS Fifty-two children (95%) with a BMI z-score of 1.5 ± 0.6 (mean ± standard deviation) completed the study. They consumed 108 ± 38 and 3 ± 2 g/d wholegrain in the WG and RG period, which was verified by a profound difference in ARs (P < 0.001). Compared with RG, WG reduced LDL cholesterol by 0.14 (95% confidence interval: -0.24, -0.04) mmol/L (P = 0.009) and reduced total:high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.001) and triacylglycerol (P = 0.048) without altering body composition or other cardiometabolic markers. WG also modulated the abundance of specific bacterial taxa, increased plasma acetate, propionate, and butyrate and fecal butyrate and reduced fatigue with no other effects on gut symptoms. CONCLUSION High intake of wholegrain oats and rye reduced LDL cholesterol and triacylglycerol, modulated bacterial taxa, and increased beneficial metabolites in children. This supports recommendations of exchanging refined grain with wholegrain oats and rye among children. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04430465.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Terese Barlebo Madsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Dennis Sandris Nielsen
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Yichang Zhang
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Camilla Trab Damsgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma X, Luo L, Karrar E, Zhang L, Li J. Comparative Study on the Absorption and Metabolism of Pinoresinol and Pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-Glucopyranoside in Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300536. [PMID: 37891711 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Lignans are a group of phenolic compounds commonly found in plants, often in the form of glycosides. This study investigates the differences in the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of lignans and their glucosides using pinoresinol (PIN) and pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PMG). METHODS AND RESULTS After oral administration mice PIN and PMG with a dose of 0.1 µmol kg-1 . The results showed that the stomach and small intestine rapidly absorbe PIN and PMG in their prototype form. After oral administration of 0.25 h, serum levels of PIN and PMG reach peak values of 61.14 and 52.97 ng mL-1 , respectively. This indicates a faster PIN absorption rate than PMG, likely due to the glycosides attach to the parent compound, with concentrations of 1574.14 and 876.75 ng g-1 , respectively. Pharmacokinetic analysis reveals that PIN has a greater area under the curve and a longer half-life than PMG in serum and liver. Moreover, mice in the PIN group exhibit higher metabolite levels in the serum and liver compared to those in the PMG group. CONCLUSION The deglycosylation process that occurs during the pickling of white radish facilitates the absorption and metabolism of the lignans fraction in the body.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Marine Biopharmaceutical Resource, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Emad Karrar
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Li J, Ma X, Luo L, Tang D, Zhang L. The What and Who of Dietary Lignans in Human Health: Special Attention to Estrogen Effects and Safety Evaluation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16419-16434. [PMID: 37870451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Lignans are a group of phenolic compounds found in plant-based diets. The human body can obtain lignans through diet, which are then metabolized into enterolignans. The enterolignans have been linked to several health benefits, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, and estrogen effects. This review explores the relationship between the estrogenic effects of lignans and health. This review not only considers the estrogen-like activity of lignans but also discusses the safe dosage of lignans at different life stages. In addition, this review also identified other types of bioactive compounds that can act synergistically with lignans to promote health. Studies have shown that lignan administration during pregnancy and lactation reduces the risk of breast cancer in offspring. Further studies are needed to investigate the estrogenic safety effects of lignan on pregnant women and children. Whether lignans combine with other nutrients in complex food substrates to produce synergistic effects remains to be investigated. This review provides a basis for future studies on the safe dose of lignan and recommended dietary intake of lignan. We believe that the acquired as discussed here has implications for developing dietary therapies that can promote host nutrition and modulate estrogenic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ma
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Medicinal Natural Products Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
| | - Danqing Tang
- The School of Foreign Languages of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lai B, Jiang H, Gao Y, Zhou X. Causal effects of gut microbiota on scoliosis: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21654. [PMID: 37964843 PMCID: PMC10641244 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown altered gut microbiome composition in patients with scoliosis. However, the causal effect of gut microbiota on scoliosis remains unknown. Methods A Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to quantify the impact of 191 gut microbiome taxa's instrumental variables from the MibioGen Genome-wide association study (GWAS) on scoliosis risk using data from the FinnGen GWAS (1168 cases and 16,4682 controls). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) was the main method, and MR results were verified by sensitive analysis. Results Bilophila, Eubacterium (eligens group), Prevotella9, and Ruminococcus2 were discovered to have a protective effect on the risk of scoliosis. Ruminococcaceae UCG009, Catenibacterium, Coprococcus2, Eubacterium (ventriosum group), Lachnospiraceae (FCS020 group), Ruminiclostridium6, and Mollicutes RF9 may increase the occurrence of scoliosis. Heterogeneity (P > 0.05) and pleiotropy (P > 0.05) analysis confirmed the robustness of the MR results. Conclusion Our study identified four protective bacteria taxa on scoliosis and seven microbiota that may increase scoliosis occurrence. Further MR analysis is required to corroborate our findings, using a more sophisticated technique to obtain estimates with less bias and greater precision or GWAS summary data with more gut microbiome and scoliosis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Lai
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yin S, Xu H, Xia J, Lu Y, Xu D, Sun J, Wang Y, Liao W, Sun G. Effect of Alpha-Linolenic Acid Supplementation on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Individuals with Obesity or Overweight: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1644-1655. [PMID: 37778442 PMCID: PMC10721518 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent worldwide and are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, including systematic inflammation, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is a plant-based essential polyunsaturated fatty acid associated with reduced CVD risks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of supplementation with ALA compared with the placebo on CVD risk factors in people with obesity or overweight (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews Registration No. CRD42023429563). This review included studies with adults using oral supplementation or food or combined interventions containing vegetable sources of ALA. All studies were randomly assigned trials with parallel or crossover designs. The Cochrane Collaboration tool was used for assessing the risk of bias (Version 1). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library databases were searched from inception to April 2023. Nineteen eligible randomized controlled trials, including 1183 participants, were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, dietary ALA supplementation significantly reduced C-reactive protein concentration (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.38 mg/L; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.72, -0.04), tumor necrosis factor-α concentration (SMD = -0.45 pg/mL; 95% CI: -0.73, -0.17), triglyceride in serum (SMD = -4.41 mg/dL; 95% CI: -5.99, -2.82), and systolic blood pressure (SMD = -0.37 mm Hg; 95% CI: -0.66, -0.08); but led to a significant increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations (SMD = 1.32 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.05, 2.59). ALA supplementation had no significant effect on interleukin-6, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P ≥ 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that ALA supplementation at a dose of ≥3 g/d from flaxseed and flaxseed oil had a more prominent effect on improving CVD risk profiles, particularly where the intervention duration was ≥12 wk and where the baseline CVD profile was poor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Food Processing and Safety, College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayue Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dengfeng Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihan Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang Liao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing, China
| | - Guiju Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; China-DRIs Expert Committee on Macronutrients, Chinese Nutrition Society, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jiang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Ying M, Xiao F, Chen M, Zhang Y, Zhang X. Analysis of Fecal Microbiota in Patients with Hypertension Complicated with Ischemic Stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:787-803. [PMID: 37750965 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a disease with a very high incidence in the clinic, and hypertension is the most important variable risk factor of ischemic stroke. Studies have shown that intestinal microbes are involved in the occurrence and development of various diseases. This study aims to explore whether intestinal microbes play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke in a hypertensive population. In this study, the inpatients in the Department of Neurology and Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University in April 2021 were selected, including seven patients with hypertension complicated with ischemic stroke and only seven patients with hypertension. After collecting the stool samples of patients, the gene sequence of the samples was detected by 16S rRNA sequencing technology, and the double-ended 2 × 150 bp sequencing was carried out. After sequencing, the results were analyzed by diversity analysis, species difference analysis, species function difference analysis, and other bioinformatics tests. According to the test results, serum proteomics and biochemical blood tests were carried out to verify. There was no significant difference in α diversity and β diversity between hypertension complicated with the cerebral infarction and hypertension groups. LEfSe analysis showed that at the genus level, compared with the hypertension group, Bacteroides, UCG_009, and Eisenbergiella had significantly increased relative abundance. The genera with relatively significantly reduced abundance are Ruminococcus_gnavus_group, Sutterellaceae, Burkholderia, and Prevotella and the LDA score of Prevotella is < - 4, which indicates that there are significant differences. Compared with the blood biochemical indexes, the results showed that the level of APOA1 in hypertensive patients with ischemic stroke was significantly higher than that in hypertensive patients (p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in total cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B (APOB), and free fatty acid (NEFA). Proteomic analysis showed that there were 89 up-regulated genes and 51 down-regulated genes in the serum of the two groups, and the expression of APOC2 and APOC3 in the cerebral infarction group with hypertension was significantly higher than that in the hypertension group (p < 0.05). The intestinal diversity of patients with hypertension complicated with stroke is similar to that of patients with hypertension, but there are differences in microbiota, among which Prevotella is the most significant. Prevotella could affect lipid metabolism so that APOC2 and APOC3 in the blood are significantly increased, leading to cerebral artery atherosclerosis and, finally, ischemic stroke. This provides a new idea for preventing and treating ischemic stroke in patients with hypertension, but the mechanism of Prevotella acting on apolipoprotein needs further verification by basic medical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Chunhua Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Shandong First Medical University, (Shandong Academy Of Medical Sciences), No. 6699, Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Mei Ying
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Feng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Continuing Education, Shandong First Medical University, No. 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, Shandong Province, 271016, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 706 Taishan Street, Taian, Shandong, 271000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nordin E, Hellström PM, Dicksved J, Pelve E, Landberg R, Brunius C. Effects of FODMAPs and Gluten on Gut Microbiota and Their Association with the Metabolome in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Cross-Over Intervention Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3045. [PMID: 37447371 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A mechanistic understanding of the effects of dietary treatment in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is lacking. Our aim was therefore to investigate how fermentable oligo- di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) and gluten affected gut microbiota and circulating metabolite profiles, as well as to investigate potential links between gut microbiota, metabolites, and IBS symptoms. METHODS We used data from a double-blind, randomized, crossover study with week-long provocations of FODMAPs, gluten, and placebo in participants with IBS. To study the effects of the provocations on fecal microbiota, fecal and plasma short-chain fatty acids, the untargeted plasma metabolome, and IBS symptoms, we used Random Forest, linear mixed model and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS FODMAPs increased fecal saccharolytic bacteria, plasma phenolic-derived metabolites, 3-indolepropionate, and decreased isobutyrate and bile acids. Gluten decreased fecal isovalerate and altered carnitine derivatives, CoA, and fatty acids in plasma. For FODMAPs, modest correlations were observed between microbiota and phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionate, previously associated with improved metabolic health, and reduced inflammation. Correlations between molecular data and IBS symptoms were weak. CONCLUSIONS FODMAPs, but not gluten, altered microbiota composition and correlated with phenolic-derived metabolites and 3-indolepropionate, with only weak associations with IBS symptoms. Thus, the minor effect of FODMAPs on IBS symptoms must be weighed against the effect on microbiota and metabolites related to positive health factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elise Nordin
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per M Hellström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erik Pelve
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Carl Brunius
- Department of Life Sciences, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Palmqvist H, Höglund K, Ringmark S, Lundh T, Dicksved J. Effects of whole-grain cereals on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids in dogs: a comparison of rye, oats and wheat. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10920. [PMID: 37407634 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber in dog food is reported to promote healthy gut microbiota, but few studies have investigated the effects of whole-grain cereals, which contain a variety of fiber types and other bioactive compounds. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of diets containing whole-grain rye (RYE), oats (OAT) and wheat (WHE) on fecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production. Eighteen dogs were fed three experimental diets, each for four weeks, in a cross-over design. Fecal samples were collected at the end of each diet period. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons showed that family Lachnospiraceae and genus Bacteroides were the gut microbial groups most affected by diet, with lowest relative abundance following consumption of RYE and a trend for a corresponding increase in genus Prevotella_9. Fecal acetate and propionate concentrations were higher after consumption of RYE compared with OAT. In conclusion, rye had the strongest effect on gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids, although the implications for dog gut health are not yet elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Palmqvist
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Katja Höglund
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sara Ringmark
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torbjörn Lundh
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li Y, Xu Y, Ma X, Le Sayec M, Wu H, Dazzan P, Nosarti C, Heiss C, Gibson R, Rodriguez-Mateos A. (Poly)phenol intake, plant-rich dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: a cross-sectional study. Food Funct 2023; 14:4078-4091. [PMID: 37097300 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Diet is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Plant foods contain a complex mixture of nutrients and bioactive compounds such as (poly)phenols. Plant-rich dietary patterns have been associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk in epidemiological studies. However, studies have not fully considered (poly)phenols as a mediating factor in the relationship. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 525 healthy participants, aged 41.6 ± 18.3 years. Volunteers completed the validated European Prospective Investigation into Diet and Cancer (EPIC) Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). We investigated the associations between plant-rich dietary patterns, (poly)phenol intake, and cardiometabolic health. Positive associations were found between (poly)phenols and higher adherence to dietary scores, except for the unhealthy Plant-based Diet Index (uPDI), which was negatively associated with (poly)phenol intake. Correlations were significant for healthy PDI (hPDI), with positive associations with proanthocyanidins (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and flavonols (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Among dietary scores, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) showed negative associations with diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) (stdBeta -0.12 to -0.10, p < 0.05). The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) score was positively associated with flow-mediated dilation (FMD, stdBeta = 0.10, p = 0.02) and negatively associated with the 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score (stdBeta = -0.12, p = 0.01). Higher intake of flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, flavan-3-ol monomers, theaflavins, and hydroxybenzoic acids (stdBeta: -0.31 to -0.29, p = 0.02) also showed a negative association with a 10-year ASCVD risk score. Flavanones showed significant associations with cardiometabolic markers such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (stdBeta = -0.11, p = 0.04), TC (stdBeta = -0.13, p = 0.03), and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) of beta cell function (%B) (stdBeta = 0.18, p = 0.04). Flavanone intake was identified as a potential partial mediator in the negative association between TC and plant-rich dietary scores DASH, Original Mediterranean diet scores (O-MED), PDI, and hPDI (proportion mediated = 0.01% to 0.07%, p < 0.05). Higher (poly)phenol intake, particularly flavanone intake, is associated with higher adherence to plant-rich dietary patterns and favourable biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk indicating (poly)phenols may be mediating factors in the beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Le Sayec
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Haonan Wu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu T, Xu C, Driban JB, Liang GY, Zhang XH, Hu FB, McAlindon T, Lu B. Whole grain consumption and risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis: a prospective study from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2023; 62:1834-1840. [PMID: 36130461 PMCID: PMC10152291 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keac517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association of whole grain consumption with the risk of incident knee OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS We followed 2846 participants in the Osteoarthritis Initiative ages 45-79 years. Participants were free from radiographic knee OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade <2) in at least one knee at baseline. Dietary data from baseline were obtained using the Block Brief Food Frequency Questionnaire. We defined radiographic knee OA incidence as a Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2 during the subsequent 96 months. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between whole grain food intake and the risk of incident knee OA. RESULTS During the 96 month follow-up, 518 participants (691 knees) developed incident radiographic knee OA. Higher total whole grain consumption was significantly associated with a lower knee OA risk [hazard ratio (HR)quartile 4vs1 = 0.66 (95% CI 0.52, 0.84), P for trend < 0.01] after adjusting for demographic and socio-economic factors, clinical factors and other dietary factors related to OA. Consistently, a significant inverse association of dark bread consumption with knee OA risk was observed [HRquartile 4vs1 = 0.68 (95% CI 0.53, 0.87), P for trend < 0.01). In addition, we observed a significant inverse association between higher cereal fibre intake and reduced knee OA risk [HRquartile 4vs1 = 0.61 (95% CI 0.46, 0.81), P for trend < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed a significant inverse association of whole grain consumption with knee OA risk. These findings provide evidence that eating a diet rich in whole grains may be a potential nutritional strategy to prevent knee OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Jeffery B Driban
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ge-yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue-hong Zhang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy McAlindon
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jacky D, Bibi C, Meng LMC, Jason F, Gwendoline T, Jeremy L, Wie CC. Effects of OsomeFood Clean Label plant-based meals on the gut microbiome. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:88. [PMID: 36997838 PMCID: PMC10061721 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02822-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-based diets offer more beneficial microbes and can modulate gut microbiomes to improve human health. We evaluated the effects of the plant-based OsomeFood Clean Label meal range ('AWE' diet), on the human gut microbiome. METHODS Over 21 days, ten healthy participants consumed OsomeFood meals for five consecutive weekday lunches and dinners and resumed their regular diets for other days/meals. On follow-up days, participants completed questionnaires to record satiety, energy and health, and provided stool samples. To document microbiome variations and identify associations, species and functional pathway annotations were analyzed by shotgun sequencing. Shannon diversity and regular diet calorie intake subsets were also assessed. RESULTS Overweight participants gained more species and functional pathway diversity than normal BMI participants. Nineteen disease-associated species were suppressed in moderate-responders without gaining diversity, and in strong-responders with diversity gains along with health-associated species. All participants reported improved short-chain fatty acids production, insulin and γ-aminobutyric acid signaling. Moreover, fullness correlated positively with Bacteroides eggerthii; energetic status with B. uniformis, B. longum, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, and Eubacterium eligens; healthy status with Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Prevotella CAG 5226, Roseburia hominis, and Roseburia sp. CAG 182; and overall response with E. eligens and Corprococcus eutactus. Fiber consumption was negatively associated with pathogenic species. CONCLUSION Although the AWE diet was consumed for only five days a week, all participants, especially overweight ones, experienced improved fullness, health status, energy and overall responses. The AWE diet benefits all individuals, especially those of higher BMI or low-fiber consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dwiyanto Jacky
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Chong Chun Wie
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Phytoestrogens and Health Effects. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020317. [PMID: 36678189 PMCID: PMC9864699 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are literally estrogenic substances of plant origin. Although these substances are useful for plants in many aspects, their estrogenic properties are essentially relevant to their predators. As such, phytoestrogens can be considered to be substances potentially dedicated to plant-predator interaction. Therefore, it is not surprising to note that the word phytoestrogen comes from the early discovery of estrogenic effects in grazing animals and humans. Here, several compounds whose activities have been discovered at nutritional concentrations in animals and humans are examined. The substances analyzed belong to several chemical families, i.e., the flavanones, the coumestans, the resorcylic acid lactones, the isoflavones, and the enterolignans. Following their definition and the evocation of their role in plants, their metabolic transformations and bioavailabilities are discussed. A point is then made regarding their health effects, which can either be beneficial or adverse depending on the subject studied, the sex, the age, and the physiological status. Toxicological information is given based on official data. The effects are first presented in humans. Animal models are evoked when no data are available in humans. The effects are presented with a constant reference to doses and plausible exposure.
Collapse
|
21
|
Pirkola L, Dicksved J, Loponen J, Marklinder I, Andersson R. Fecal microbiota composition affects in vitro fermentation of rye, oat, and wheat bread. Sci Rep 2023; 13:99. [PMID: 36596824 PMCID: PMC9810601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26847-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbes produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), but fermentation outcomes are affected by dietary fiber source and microbiota composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two different fecal microbial compositions on in vitro fermentation of a standardized amount of oat, rye, and wheat breads. Two human fecal donors with different microbial community composition were recruited. Bread samples were digested enzymatically. An in vitro fermentation model was used to study SCFA production, dietary fiber degradation, pH, and changes in microbiota. Feces from donor I had high relative abundance of Bacteroides and Escherichia/Shigella, whereas feces from donor II were high in Prevotella and Subdoligranulum. Shifts in microbiota composition were observed during fermentation. SCFA levels were low in the samples with fecal microbiota from donor I after 8 h of fermentation, but after 24 h acetate and propionate levels were similar in the samples from the different donors. Butyrate levels were higher in the fermentation samples from donor II, especially with rye substrate, where high abundance of Subdoligranulum was observed. Dietary fiber degradation was also higher in the fermentation samples from donor II. In conclusion, fermentation capacity and substrate utilization differed between the two different microbiota compositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pirkola
- grid.6341.00000 0000 8578 2742Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden ,Fazer Sweden AB, P.O. Box 30180, 11343 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Dicksved
- grid.6341.00000 0000 8578 2742Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7024, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Ingela Marklinder
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 560, 75122 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Roger Andersson
- grid.6341.00000 0000 8578 2742Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7015, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ma LT, Lian JX, Bai Y, Shang MJ, Zhang ZZ, Wu FF, Chen J, Meng XB, Zheng J, Li T, Li YQ, Wang JJ. Adeno-associated virus vector intraperitoneal injection induces colonic mucosa and submucosa transduction and alters the diversity and composition of the faecal microbiota in rats. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1028380. [PMID: 36619753 PMCID: PMC9813966 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1028380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Viral vector technology, especially recombinant adeno-associated virus vector (rAAV) technology, has shown great promise in preclinical research for clinical applications. Several studies have confirmed that rAAV can successfully transduce the enteric nervous system (ENS), and rAAV gene therapy has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of the early childhood blindness disease Leber congenital amaurosis and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). However, until now, it has not been possible to determine the effect of AAV9 on intestinal microbiota. Methods We examined the efficiency of AAV9-mediated ascending colon, transverse colon and descending colon transduction through intraperitoneal (IP) injection, performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and analysed specific faecal microbial signatures following AAV9 IP injection via bioinformatics methods in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Results Our results showed (1) efficient transduction of the mucosa and submucosa of the ascending, transverse, and descending colon following AAV9 IP injection; (2) a decreased alpha diversity and an altered overall microbial composition following AAV9 IP injection; (3) significant enrichments in a total of 5 phyla, 10 classes, 13 orders, 15 families, 29 genera, and 230 OTUs following AAV9 IP injection; and (4) AAV9 can significantly upregulate the relative abundance of anaerobic microbiota which is one of the seven high-level phenotypes that BugBase could predict. Conclusion In summary, these data show that IP injection of AAV9 can successfully induce the transduction of the colonic mucosa and submucosa and alter the diversity and composition of the faecal microbiota in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Tian Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China,Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Meng-Juan Shang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, ShaanXi, China
| | - Zhe-Zhe Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fei-Fei Wu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xian-Bo Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,*Correspondence: Jing-Jie Wang, ; Yun-Qing Li, ; Tian Li,
| | - Yun-Qing Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology & K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China,Key Laboratory of Brain Science Research and Transformation in Tropical Environment of Hainan Province, Haikou, China,Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, China,*Correspondence: Jing-Jie Wang, ; Yun-Qing Li, ; Tian Li,
| | - Jing-Jie Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China,*Correspondence: Jing-Jie Wang, ; Yun-Qing Li, ; Tian Li,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhi W, Yuan X, Song W, Jin G, Li Y. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation May Represent a Good Approach for Patients with Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Brief Report. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11226700. [PMID: 36431177 PMCID: PMC9697655 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This is the first report of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in patients with chronic kidney disease. The patient was subjected to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), with onset in April 2021. The main manifestation featured abnormal renal function and no proteinuria at the level of nephrotic syndrome. In May 2021, she showed biopsy-proven FSGS and was treated with glucocorticoid. However, after glucocorticoid reduction, the patient's serum creatinine increased again, so she adjusted the dosage and continued use until now. In April 2022, the patient was prescribed the FMT capsules. After FMT, the renal function remained stable, urinary protein decreased, reaching the clinical standard of complete remission, and there was no recurrence after glucocorticoid reduction. Furthermore, the patient showed significantly decreased hyperlipidemia, triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHO) after FMT. During FMT, the level of cytokines fluctuated slightly, but returned to the pre-transplantation level after three months. From this, we conclude that FMT is a potential adjuvant therapy for FSGS, and patients can benefit from improving renal function and dyslipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Zhi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Xiaoli Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No.56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Guorong Jin
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Taiyuan 030012, China
- Academy of Microbial Ecology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yao X, Zuo N, Guan W, Fu L, Jiang S, Jiao J, Wang X. Association of Gut Microbiota Enterotypes with Blood Trace Elements in Women with Infertility. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14153195. [PMID: 35956371 PMCID: PMC9370633 DOI: 10.3390/nu14153195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is defined as failure to achieve pregnancy within 12 months of unprotected intercourse in women. Trace elements, a kind of micronutrient that is very important to female reproductive function, are affected by intestinal absorption, which is regulated by gut microbiota. Enterotype is the classification of an intestinal microbiome based on its characteristics. Whether or not Prevotella-enterotype and Bacteroides-enterotype are associated with blood trace elements among infertile women remains unclear. The study aimed to explore the relationship between five main whole blood trace elements and these two enterotypes in women with infertility. This retrospective cross-sectional study recruited 651 Chinese women. Whole blood copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron levels were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on all fecal samples. Patients were categorized according to whole blood trace elements (low levels group, <5th percentile; normal levels group, 5th‒95th percentile; high levels group, >95th percentile). There were no significant differences in trace elements between the two enterotypes within the control population, while in infertile participants, copper (P = 0.033), zinc (P < 0.001), magnesium (P < 0.001), and iron (P < 0.001) in Prevotella-enterotype was significantly lower than in Bacteroides-enterotype. The Chi-square test showed that only the iron group had a significant difference in the two enterotypes (P = 0.001). Among infertile patients, Prevotella-enterotype (Log(P/B) > −0.27) predicted the low levels of whole blood iron in the obesity population (AUC = 0.894; P = 0.042). For the high levels of iron, Bacteroides-enterotype (Log(P/B) <−2.76) had a predictive power in the lean/normal group (AUC = 0.648; P = 0.041) and Log(P/B) <−3.99 in the overweight group (AUC = 0.863; P = 0.013). We can infer that these two enterotypes may have an effect on the iron metabolism in patients with infertility, highlighting the importance of further research into the interaction between enterotypes and trace elements in reproductive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Na Zuo
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Wenzheng Guan
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Lingjie Fu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Shuyi Jiang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiuxia Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 39 Huaxiang Road, Shenyang 110004, China
- Shenyang Reproductive Health Clinical Medicine Research Center, Shenyang 110004, China
- Correspondence: (J.J.); (X.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Iversen KN, Jonsson K, Landberg R. The Effect of Rye-Based Foods on Postprandial Plasma Insulin Concentration: The Rye Factor. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868938. [PMID: 35757252 PMCID: PMC9218669 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of whole grain has been associated with lower incidence of type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and their risk factors including improved glycemic control. In comparison with other whole grain products, rye bread has been shown to induce lower insulin response in the postprandial phase, without affecting the glucose response. This phenomenon has been referred to as the “rye factor” and is being explored in this review where we summarize the findings from meal and extended meal studies including rye-based foods. Overall, results from intervention studies showed that rye-based foods vs. (wheat) control foods had positive effect on both insulin and glucose responses in the postprandial phase, rather than on insulin alone. Mechanistic studies have shown that the rye factor phenomenon might be due to slowing of the glucose uptake in the intestine. However, this has also been shown for wheat-based bread and is likely an effect of structural properties of the investigated foods rather than the rye per se. More carefully controlled studies where standardized structural properties of different cereals are linked to the postprandial response are needed to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms and determinants for the effect of specific cereals and product traits on postprandial glycemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kia Nøhr Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Jonsson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ji J, Zhang S, Yuan M, Zhang M, Tang L, Wang P, Liu Y, Xu C, Luo P, Gao X. Fermented Rosa Roxburghii Tratt Juice Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:883629. [PMID: 35668952 PMCID: PMC9164371 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.883629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia endangers human health and has become a significant public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of the hypolipidemic effects of Fermented Rosa roxburghii Tratt juice (FRRT) on hyperlipidemic rats and a new hypolipidemic intervention strategy was disclosed. The study revealed 12 weeks FRRT treatment significantly decreased the body weight, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) increased. We integrated the 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomic profiling to evaluate the changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites. Significant changes in microbial composition accompanied marked changes in 56 feces metabolites. The results showed that FRRT could decrease the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, while increase the abundance of some bacterial genera (Prevotella, Paraprevotellaceae_Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira). Metabolomics analysis displayed that the metabolisms of bile acid, amino acid and lipid were significantly affected by FRRT. Correlation analysis suggest that the reductions in serum lipids by FRRT are associated with the gut microbial community and their associated metabolites (amino acid metabolites, bile acid metabolites, and lipid metabolites). This study confirmed FRRT could be used as a new dietary and therapeutic strategy to dyslipidemia by improving the gut microbiota dysbiosis, metabolomic disorders and regulating the dyslipidemia. Our study also extended the understanding of the relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites, and lipid-lowering functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- Experimental Animal Center of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Minyan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pengjiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Changqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiuli Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants & School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Food Nutrition and Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Berntson L, Öman A, Engstrand L, Dicksved J. A Pilot Study Investigating Faecal Microbiota After Two Dietary Interventions in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:215. [PMID: 35672613 PMCID: PMC9174309 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence for an impact of the gut microbiota on the immune system, which has consequences for inflammatory diseases. Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) and the specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) have been demonstrated as effective anti-inflammatory treatments for children with Crohn’s disease. We have previously shown an anti-inflammatory effect from these nutritional treatments in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The aim of this study was to investigate if improved clinical symptoms after EEN or SCD treatment in children with JIA could be linked to changes in faecal microbiota. We included sixteen patients with JIA (age 7–17 years), six for treatment with EEN and ten with SCD. EEN was given for 3–5 weeks and SCD for 4–5 weeks, with clinical and laboratory status assessed before and after treatment. Faecal samples were analysed for microbiota diversity and composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Analyses of the faecal microbiota showed an effect on the overall composition with both interventions; the most striking result was a decreased relative abundance of the genus Faecalibacterium from EEN and of Bifidobacterium from SCD. The α-diversity decreased significantly from SCD (P = 0.04), but not from EEN (P = 0.22). Despite the study cohorts being small, both EEN and SCD were shown to impact the faecal microbiota. Future larger studies with a focus on metagenomics or metabolomics could possibly reveal a link and clarify the clinical effects of those nutritional regimens.
Collapse
|
28
|
Madsen MTB, Biltoft-Jensen AP, Trolle E, Lauritzen L, Michaelsen KF, Damsgaard CT. Wholegrain intake, growth and metabolic markers in Danish infants and toddlers: a longitudinal study. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3545-3557. [PMID: 35622136 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Wholegrain intake is linked to lower risk of lifestyle diseases, but little is known about its role in growth and metabolic health during the first years of life. We characterized wholegrain and dietary fibre intake in 439 Danish children at 9 and 36 months of age and explored associations with height z-scores (HAZ), body mass index z-scores (BMIZ) and metabolic markers. METHODS We used pooled data from two infant cohorts and estimated intakes of total wholegrain, dietary fibre and wholegrain subtypes from 7-day dietary records. Associations with HAZ, BMIZ and non-fasting plasma low-density (LDLC) and high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol, insulin and glucose were analysed in mixed models, adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Median (25th, 75th percentile) wholegrain intake was 7.5 (4.9, 10.5) and 6.5 (4.6, 9.0) g/MJ at 9 and 36 months. Neither wholegrain nor dietary fibre intake were associated with HAZ (P ≥ 0.09). At 36 months, wholegrain intake was inversely associated with LDLC (P = 0.05) and directly with glucose (P < 0.001). In secondary analyses, wholegrain rye was inversely associated with glucose at 9 months and insulin at 36 months (both P ≤ 0.03). Oat and wheat wholegrain were directly associated with glucose (both P ≤ 0.01) and wheat with BMIZ (P = 0.02) at 36 months. CONCLUSION Danish infants and toddlers have high intakes of wholegrain and dietary fibre, with no indication of compromised growth. In line with studies in adults, wholegrain intake was inversely associated with LDLC. The observed direct association between wholegrain intake and plasma glucose and associations with wholegrain subtypes should be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie T B Madsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - Anja P Biltoft-Jensen
- Research Group for Nutrition, Sustainability and Health Promotion, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ellen Trolle
- Research Group for Nutrition, Sustainability and Health Promotion, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Camilla T Damsgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakazeko T, Shobako N, Hirano Y, Nakamura F, Honda K. Novel dietary intervention program “COMB meal program” approaching health and presenteeism: Two pilot studies. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
|
30
|
The Effects of High Fiber Rye, Compared to Refined Wheat, on Gut Microbiota Composition, Plasma Short Chain Fatty Acids, and Implications for Weight Loss and Metabolic Risk Factors (the RyeWeight Study). Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081669. [PMID: 35458231 PMCID: PMC9032876 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Consumption of whole grain and cereal fiber have been inversely associated with body weight and obesity measures in observational studies but data from large, long-term randomized interventions are scarce. Among the cereals, rye has the highest fiber content and high rye consumption has been linked to increased production of gut fermentation products, as well as reduced risks of obesity and metabolic disease. The effects on body weight and metabolic risk factors may partly be mediated through gut microbiota and/or their fermentation products. We used data from a randomized controlled weight loss trial where participants were randomized to a hypocaloric diet rich in either high fiber rye foods or refined wheat foods for 12 weeks to investigate the effects of the intervention on gut microbiota composition and plasma short chain fatty acids, as well as the potential association with weight loss and metabolic risk markers. Rye, compared to wheat, induced some changes in gut microbiota composition, including increased abundance of the butyrate producing Agathobacter and reduced abundance of [Ruminococcus] torques group, which may be related to reductions in low grade inflammation caused by the intervention. Plasma butyrate increased in the rye group. In conclusion, intervention with high fiber rye foods induced some changes in gut microbiota composition and plasma short chain fatty acid concentration, which were associated with improvements in metabolic risk markers as a result of the intervention.
Collapse
|
31
|
Zhang X, Gérard P. Diet-gut microbiota interactions on cardiovascular disease. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1528-1540. [PMID: 35422966 PMCID: PMC8983311 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past decades, accumulating studies indicated that the gut microbiota, an indispensable "invisible organ", plays a vital role in human metabolism and disease states including CVD. Among many endogenous and exogenous factors that can impact gut microbial communities, the dietary nutrients emerge as an essential component of host-microbiota relationships that can be involved in CVD susceptibility. In this review, we summarize the major concepts of dietary modulation of the gut microbiota and the chief principles of the involvement of this microbiota in CVD development. We also discuss the mechanisms of diet-microbiota crosstalk that regulate CVD progression, including endotoxemia, inflammation, gut barrier dysfunction and lipid metabolism dysfunction. In addition, we describe how metabolites produced by the microbiota, including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), secondary bile acids (BAs), short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as aromatic amino acids (AAAs) derived metabolites play a role in CVD pathogenesis. Finally, we present the potential dietary interventions which interacted with gut microbiota as novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for CVD management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xufei Zhang
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Philippe Gérard
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Matsuoka T, Hosomi K, Park J, Goto Y, Nishimura M, Maruyama S, Murakami H, Konishi K, Miyachi M, Kawashima H, Mizuguchi K, Kobayashi T, Yokomichi H, Kunisawa J, Yamagata Z. Relationships between barley consumption and gut microbiome characteristics in a healthy Japanese population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:23. [PMID: 35287729 PMCID: PMC8919566 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00500-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Barley contains abundant soluble beta-glucan fibers, which have established health benefits. In addition, the health benefits conferred by the gut bacteria have attracted considerable interest. However, few studies have focused on the barley consumption and gut bacteria of the Japanese population. In this study, we aimed to identify the relationship between the barley consumption and gut bacteria composition of the Japanese population. Methods In total, 236 participants were recruited in Japan, and 94 participants with no complications of diabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia were selected for the study. We analyzed fecal samples from the participants, their medical check-up results, and responses to questionnaires about dietary habits. The participants were grouped according to their median barley consumption. Then, we assessed the relative abundance of 50 genera. Characteristic bacteria were evaluated for their relationship with barley consumption by multiple regression analysis, adjusted for disease and dietary habits, in all participants. We also analyzed the networks and clustering of the 20 selected genera. Results According to the comparison between barley groups, Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Collinsella, Ruminococcus 2, and Dialister were characteristic candidate bacterias of the group that consumed large amounts of barley (P < 0.05). The relationship between barley consumption and Bifidobacterium remained after adjusting for disease and dietary habits, and that of Butyricicoccus remained after adjusting for disease. Furthermore, network and cluster analyses revealed that barley consumption was directly correlated with Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus. Conclusions Barley consumption generates changes in the intestinal bacteria of the Japanese population. We found that Bifidobacterium and Butyricicoccus abundance was positively associated with barley consumption. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40795-022-00500-3.
Collapse
|
33
|
Impact of wheat aleurone on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, gut microbiota and metabolites in adults with high body mass index: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:2651-2671. [PMID: 35247098 PMCID: PMC9279244 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Aleurone is a cereal bran fraction containing a variety of beneficial nutrients including polyphenols, fibers, minerals and vitamins. Animal and human studies support the beneficial role of aleurone consumption in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Gut microbiota fiber fermentation, polyphenol metabolism and betaine/choline metabolism may in part contribute to the physiological effects of aleurone. As primary objective, this study evaluated whether wheat aleurone supplemented foods could modify plasma homocysteine. Secondary objectives included changes in CVD biomarkers, fecal microbiota composition and plasma/urine metabolite profiles. Methods A parallel double-blind, placebo-controlled and randomized trial was carried out in two groups of obese/overweight subjects, matched for age, BMI and gender, consuming foods supplemented with either aleurone (27 g/day) (AL, n = 34) or cellulose (placebo treatment, PL, n = 33) for 4 weeks. Results No significant changes in plasma homocysteine or other clinical markers were observed with either treatment. Dietary fiber intake increased after AL and PL, animal protein intake increased after PL treatment. We observed a significant increase in fecal Bifidobacterium spp with AL and Lactobacillus spp with both AL and PL, but overall fecal microbiota community structure changed little according to 16S rRNA metataxonomics. Metabolomics implicated microbial metabolism of aleurone polyphenols and revealed distinctive biomarkers of AL treatment, including alkylresorcinol, cinnamic, benzoic and ferulic acids, folic acid, fatty acids, benzoxazinoid and roasted aroma related metabolites. Correlation analysis highlighted bacterial genera potentially linked to urinary compounds derived from aleurone metabolism and clinical parameters. Conclusions Aleurone has potential to modulate the gut microbial metabolic output and increase fecal bifidobacterial abundance. However, in this study, aleurone did not impact on plasma homocysteine or other CVD biomarkers. Trial Registration The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02067026) on the 17th February 2014. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-022-02836-9.
Collapse
|
34
|
Tresserra-Rimbau A, Castro-Barquero S, Becerra-Tomás N, Babio N, Martínez-González MÁ, Corella D, Fitó M, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Alonso-Gomez AM, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Tur JA, López-Miranda J, Cano-Ibáñez N, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía-Martín P, Daimiel L, Martín Sánchez V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Basterra FJ, Fernández de la Puente M, Asensio EM, Castañer O, Bullón-Vela V, Tojal-Sierra L, Gómez-Gracia E, Cases-Pérez E, Konieczna J, García-Ríos A, Casañas-Quintana T, Bernal-Lopez MR, Santos-Lozano JM, Esteve-Luque V, Bouzas C, Vázquez-Ruiz Z, Palau-Galindo A, Barragan R, López Grau M, Razquín C, Goicolea-Güemez L, Toledo E, Vergaz MV, Lamuela-Raventós RM, Salas-Salvadó J. Adopting a High-Polyphenolic Diet Is Associated with an Improved Glucose Profile: Prospective Analysis within the PREDIMED-Plus Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020316. [PMID: 35204199 PMCID: PMC8868059 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that dietary polyphenols could reduce the incidence and complications of type-2 diabetes (T2D); although the evidence is still limited and inconsistent. This work analyzes whether changing to a diet with a higher polyphenolic content is associated with an improved glucose profile. At baseline, and at 1 year of follow-up visits, 5921 participants (mean age 65.0 ± 4.9, 48.2% women) who had overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome filled out a validated 143-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), from which polyphenol intakes were calculated. Energy-adjusted total polyphenols and subclasses were categorized in tertiles of changes. Linear mixed-effect models with random intercepts (the recruitment centers) were used to assess associations between changes in polyphenol subclasses intake and 1-year plasma glucose or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Increments in total polyphenol intake and some classes were inversely associated with better glucose levels and HbA1c after one year of follow-up. These associations were modified when the analyses were run considering diabetes status separately. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the relationship between changes in the intake of all polyphenolic groups and T2D-related parameters in a senior population with T2D or at high-risk of developing T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tresserra-Rimbau
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Sara Castro-Barquero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
| | - Nancy Babio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Angel M. Alonso-Gomez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nursing, Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Alfredo Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luís Serra-Majem
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Lapetra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Xavier Pintó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Josep A. Tur
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - José López-Miranda
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Complejo Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Pilar Matía-Martín
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Control of the Epigenome Group, Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Vicente Martín Sánchez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.); (N.C.-I.); (M.D.-R.); (V.M.S.)
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 Leon, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- CIBER Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d’Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Fundación Jimenez Díaz, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas IISFJD, University Autonoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Emili Ros
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Basterra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Fernández de la Puente
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
| | - Eva M. Asensio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Olga Castañer
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Bullón-Vela
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Lucas Tojal-Sierra
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gracia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, School of Medicine, University of Málaga, 29071 Malaga, Spain
| | | | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Nutritional Epidemiology & Cardiovascular Physiopathology (NUTRECOR), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - Tamara Casañas-Quintana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria & Centro Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil (CHUIMI), Canarian Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - María Rosa Bernal-Lopez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Regional University Hospital of Malaga, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Malaga (IBIMA), University of Malaga, 29010 Malaga, Spain
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41010 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Virginia Esteve-Luque
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
| | - Cristina Bouzas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Zenaida Vázquez-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Antoni Palau-Galindo
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- ABS Reus V. Centre d’Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, SAGESSA, 43205 Reus, Spain
| | - Rocio Barragan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercè López Grau
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Razquín
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Leire Goicolea-Güemez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Araba University Hospital, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Estefanía Toledo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, IDISNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manel Vila Vergaz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Hospital del Mar de Investigaciones Médicas Municipal d’Investigació Médica (IMIM), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Lamuela-Raventós
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy, XIA, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, INSA, University of Barcelona, 08921 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (S.C.-B.); (N.B.-T.); (N.B.); (M.Á.M.-G.); (D.C.); (M.F.); (D.R.); (A.M.A.-G.); (J.W.); (J.A.M.); (L.S.-M.); (R.E.); (F.J.T.); (J.L.); (X.P.); (J.A.T.); (J.L.-M.); (C.V.); (E.R.); (F.J.B.); (M.F.d.l.P.); (E.M.A.); (O.C.); (L.T.-S.); (E.G.-G.); (J.K.); (A.G.-R.); (T.C.-Q.); (M.R.B.-L.); (J.M.S.-L.); (C.B.); (Z.V.-R.); (R.B.); (M.L.G.); (C.R.); (L.G.-G.); (E.T.); (M.V.V.); (J.S.-S.)
- Unitat de Nutrició, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain;
- Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Rye (Secale cereale L.) is abundantly cultivated in countries like Europe and North America, particularly in regions where soil and climate conditions are unfavorable for the growth of other cereals. Among all the cereals generally consumed by human beings, rye grains are characterized by the presence of the highest content of fiber. They are also a rich source of many phytochemical compounds, which are mainly distributed in the outer parts of the grain. This review focuses on the current knowledge regarding the characteristics of rye bran and wholemeal rye flour, as well as their applications in the production of both food and nonfood products. Previous studies have shown that the physicochemical properties of ground rye products are determined by the type of milling technique used to grind the grains. In addition, the essential biologically active compounds found in rye grains were isolated and characterized. Subsequently, the possibility of incorporating wholemeal rye flour, rye bran, and other compounds extracted from rye bran into different industrial products is discussed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Colonic Microbiota Profile Characterization of the Responsiveness to Dietary Fibre Treatment in Hypercholesterolemia. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030525. [PMID: 35276884 PMCID: PMC8839280 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how the microbiota profile might be predisposed to a better response in blood lipid profiles due to dietary fibre supplementation. A three-arm intervention study that included three different fibre types (mainly insoluble, soluble, and antioxidant fibre) supplemented (19.2 g/day) during 2 months in individuals with hypercholesterolemia was developed. Changes in faecal microbiota and blood lipid profile after fibre supplementation were determined. In all volunteers, regardless of fibre type, an increase in the abundance of Bifidobacterium was observed, and similarly, an inverse relationship between faecal propionic acid and blood LDL-cholesterol, LDL particle size, and LDL/HDL particle ratio (p-values 0.0067, 0.0002, and 0.0067, respectively) was observed. However, not all volunteers presented an improvement in lipid profile. The non-responders to fibre treatment showed a decrease in microbiota diversity (Shannon and Simpson diversity index p-values of 0.0110 and 0.0255, respectively) after the intervention; where the reduction in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacterial genera such as Clostridium XIVa and Ruminococcus after dietary fibre treatment was the main difference. It was concluded that the non-responsiveness to dietary fibre treatment might be mediated by the lack of ability to maintain a stable SCFA producing bacteria diversity and composition after extra fibre intake.
Collapse
|
37
|
De Filippis F, Esposito A, Ercolini D. Outlook on next-generation probiotics from the human gut. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:76. [PMID: 35043293 PMCID: PMC11073307 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04080-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics currently available on the market generally belong to a narrow range of microbial species. However, recent studies about the importance of the gut microbial commensals on human health highlighted that the gut microbiome is an unexplored reservoir of potentially beneficial microbes. For this reason, academic and industrial research is focused on identifying and testing novel microbial strains of gut origin for the development of next-generation probiotics. Although several of these are promising for the prevention and treatment of many chronic diseases, studies on human subjects are still scarce and approval from regulatory agencies is, therefore, rare. In addition, some issues need to be overcome before implementing their wide application on the market, such as the best methods for cultivation and storage of these oxygen-sensitive taxa. This review summarizes the most recent evidence related to NGPs and provides an outlook to the main issues that still limit their wide employment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Filippis
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessia Esposito
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liu S, Yin X, Hou C, Liu X, Ma H, Zhang X, Xu M, Xie Y, Li Y, Wang J. As a Staple Food Substitute, Oat and Buckwheat Compound Has Health-Promoting Effects for Diabetic Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 8:762277. [PMID: 35004803 PMCID: PMC8740054 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.762277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intervention is crucial for the prevention and control of diabetes. China has the largest diabetic population in the world, yet no one dietary strategy matches the eating habits of the Chinese people. To explore an effective and acceptable dietary pattern, this study uses oat and buckwheat compound (OBC) as a staple food substitute and explored its effects on diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats. The model of diabetic rats was established by combining high-calorie feed and streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The dietary intervention for the seven groups, including a normal control group, a model control group, a metformin control group, a wheat flour control group, and three OBC groups with different doses, started from the beginning of the experiment and lasted for 11 weeks, two consecutive injections of STZ in small doses were operated at the 6th week. General states, glucose metabolism, and lipid metabolism indexes were measured. Antioxidant and inflammatory indexes and pathologic changes of kidney and liver tissues were tested. Changes in kidney and ileum ultramicrostructure were detected. What's more, ileal epithelial tight junction proteins and gut microbiota were analyzed. Significant decreases in fasting blood glucose (FBG), glucose tolerance, serum insulin, and insulin resistance were observed in rats intervened with OBC, and these rats also showed a higher level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) together with improved lipid metabolism, attenuated inflammation, and liver and kidney injuries. In addition, in OBC groups, the intestinal barrier was improved, and the disturbance of gut microbiota was reduced. These results suggest that OBC has health-promoting effects for diabetic rats, and since oat and buckwheat are traditionally consumed grains in China, OBC could be a potential and easy-to-accept staple food substitute for the dietary pattern for Chinese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqian Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Hou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junbo Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ghanbari M, Pourreza S, Mohammadpour S, Bazshahi E, Akbarzade Z, Djafarian K, Clark CCT, Shab-Bidar S. The association between meal specific low carbohydrate diet score and cardiometabolic risk factors: A cross-sectional study of Iranian adults. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14826. [PMID: 34492138 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Since evidence regarding low-CHO diet and cardiometabolic risk factors is controversial, this study aimed to assess the relation between low-CHO diet score and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiometabolic risk factors among a group of Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 840 subjects with the age range of 20-65 years. Dietary intakes were assessed by completing three 24-hour recalls. Total, animal- and vegetable-based low-CHO diet score were calculated. We used logistic regression with different models to determine whether there were relationships between low-CHO diet score and MetS and MetS components. RESULTS We found that there was no significant association between low-CHO diet, animal-based and vegetable-based low-CHO diet scores and risk of MetS in three meals. Except for the animal-based low-CHO diet score, which was significantly associated with general obesity at lunch meal (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.76-1.82, P = .03). There were a significant association between low-CHO diet and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in lunch meal (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.06-2.14, P = .03). Vegetable-based low-CHO diet score was associated with a lower risk of elevated TG in lunch meal in the fully adjusted model (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.39-0.90, P = .04). CONCLUSION Diets with lower amounts of carbohydrate and higher contents of fat and protein were not significantly associated with the risk for MetS in Iranian adults. Only animal-based low-CHO diet score was significantly associated with general obesity at lunch meal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Ghanbari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Pourreza
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mohammadpour
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bazshahi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Akbarzade
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wang Z, Yang Z, Liu J, Hao Y, Sun B, Wang J. Potential Health Benefits of Whole Grains: Modulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Energy Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14065-14074. [PMID: 34775748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in maintaining cellular metabolic homeostasis. However, its dysfunction will cause different pathophysiological consequences. A specific mechanism of action has been developed by cells to adapt to changes in physiological conditions or in response to different stimuli, by meditating mitochondrial number, structure, and energy metabolism. Whole grains are considered healthier than refined grains for their higher amounts of bioactive components, with proven multiple health benefits. The modulation of an appropriate mitochondrial function contributes to the bioactive-component-based health improvements. Thus, this review aims to represent current studies that identify the impact of natural bioactive components in whole grains against metabolic disorders by modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. It seems most attractive to aim nutritional intervention at the prevention or treatment of metabolic abnormalities and hence to target dietary management at improvement of mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihui Yang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Hao
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing 100048, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tett A, Pasolli E, Masetti G, Ercolini D, Segata N. Prevotella diversity, niches and interactions with the human host. Nat Rev Microbiol 2021; 19:585-599. [PMID: 34050328 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-021-00559-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The genus Prevotella includes more than 50 characterized species that occur in varied natural habitats, although most Prevotella spp. are associated with humans. In the human microbiome, Prevotella spp. are highly abundant in various body sites, where they are key players in the balance between health and disease. Host factors related to diet, lifestyle and geography are fundamental in affecting the diversity and prevalence of Prevotella species and strains in the human microbiome. These factors, along with the ecological relationship of Prevotella with other members of the microbiome, likely determine the extent of the contribution of Prevotella to human metabolism and health. Here we review the diversity, prevalence and potential connection of Prevotella spp. in the human host, highlighting how genomic methods and analysis have improved and should further help in framing their ecological role. We also provide suggestions for future research to improve understanding of the possible functions of Prevotella spp. and the effects of the Western lifestyle and diet on the host-Prevotella symbiotic relationship in the context of maintaining human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Tett
- Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edoardo Pasolli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy.
- Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
- European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu Y, Xue K, Iversen KN, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, He G, Landberg R. The effects of fermented rye products on gut microbiota and their association with metabolic factors in Chinese adults - an explorative study. Food Funct 2021; 12:9141-9150. [PMID: 34397057 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01423d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rye is among the cereals with the highest content of dietary fibre. A high rye food intake has been associated with improved metabolic risk factors in some but not all observational and intervention studies. Whole-grain rye has also been suggested to affect the gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic syndrome. However, it is yet unclear to what extent effects on the gut microbiota mediate the beneficial metabolic responses of whole-grain rye intake. We hypothesized that a high intake of whole grain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) vs. refined wheat based products (RW) could alter the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition towards a phenotype associated with beneficial metabolic effects in a population not used to such foods. For this purpose, we conducted a post hoc analysis of a 12-week randomized controlled trial in Chinese adults with Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, with 53 participants consuming RW and 31 participants consuming FRB included in the analysis. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood and fecal sample analyses as well as 13C-urea breath test were performed at baseline and after a 12-week intervention. At week 12, we observed a higher serum insulin concentration (P-value = 0.038) in the FRB group (n = 31) versus the RW group (n = 53), and this difference was corroborated with alterations in the genus-level relative abundances of the gut microbiota, represented by an increase in Romboutsia and a reduction in Bilophila in the FRB group (n = 22) versus the RW group (n = 46). Compared to the RW group (n = 53), fecal acetic acid concentration was significantly higher in the FRB group (n = 31) at week 12. We also found that fecal acetic and butyric acids positively, while isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids inversely, correlated with the gut Romboutsia level among all participants (n = 68) at week 12. We found positive correlations of fecal isobutyric, isovaleric and 2-methylbutyric acids with gut Bilophila (n = 68). In conclusion, our results suggest that the intake of high-fibre rye products could modify gut Romboutsia and Bilophila in a Chinese population with HP infection. These effects are paralleled with favorable modifications of the SCFA concentration and are associated with altered glycemic traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kun Xue
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kia N Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Taiyi Jin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden and Department of Odontology, Section of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gengsheng He
- School of Public Health, Fudan University/Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Antioxidant Effect of Wheat Germ Extracts and Their Antilipidemic Effect in Palmitic Acid-Induced Steatosis in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 Cells. Foods 2021; 10:foods10051061. [PMID: 34065831 PMCID: PMC8151358 DOI: 10.3390/foods10051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat germ (WG) is a by-product of wheat milling and comprises many bioactive compounds. This study aimed to compare the antioxidant and antilipidemic effects of different WG extracts (WGEs) by analyzing candidate bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, tocopherols, γ-oryzanol, and biogenic amines by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays. The antilipidemic effect was evaluated in palmitic acid-induced steatosis in HepG2 hepatocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Cellular lipid accumulation was assessed by Oil Red O staining and a cellular triglyceride content assay. All analyzed WGEs showed significant antioxidant potential, although some bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol, were the highest in the ethanol extract. Correlation analysis revealed the antioxidant potential of all identified biogenic amines except for spermidine. Ethanol and n-hexane extracts significantly inhibited cellular lipid accumulation in cell models. These results suggest that WGEs exhibit promising antioxidant potential, with a variety of bioactive compounds. Collectively, the findings of this study suggest that bioactive compounds in WGEs attenuate plasma lipid and oxidation levels. In conclusion, WG can be used as a natural antioxidant and nutraceutical using appropriate solvents and extraction methods.
Collapse
|
44
|
Boshuizen B, Moreno de Vega CV, De Maré L, de Meeûs C, de Oliveira JE, Hosotani G, Gansemans Y, Deforce D, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Delesalle C. Effects of Aleurone Supplementation on Glucose-Insulin Metabolism and Gut Microbiome in Untrained Healthy Horses. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:642809. [PMID: 33912605 PMCID: PMC8072273 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.642809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aleurone, a layer of the bran fraction, is deemed to be responsible for the positive health effects associated with the consumption of whole-grain products. Studies on rodents, pigs, and humans report beneficial effects of aleurone in five main areas: the reduction of oxidative stress, immunomodulatory effects, modulation of energy management, digestive health, and the storage of vitamins and minerals. Our study is the first aleurone supplementation study performed in horses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an increase in the dose levels of aleurone on the postprandial glucose-insulin metabolism and the gut microbiome in untrained healthy horses. Seven adult Standardbred horses were supplemented with four different dose levels of aleurone (50, 100, 200, and 400 g/day for 1 week) by using a Latin square model with a 1-week wash out in between doses. On day 7 of each supplementation week, postprandial blood glucose-insulin was measured and fecal samples were collected. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was performed and QIIME2 software was used for microbiome analysis. Microbial community function was assessed by using the predictive metagenome analysis tool Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) and using the Metacyc database of metabolic pathways. The relative abundancies of a pathway were analyzed by using analysis of composition of microbiomes (ANCOM) in R. There was a significant dose-dependent increase in the postprandial time to peak of glucose (p = 0.030), a significant delay in the time to peak of insulin (p = 0.025), and a significant decrease in both the insulin peak level (p = 0.049) and insulin area under the curve (AUC) (p = 0.019) with increasing dose levels of aleurone, with a consideration of 200 g being the lowest significant dose. Alpha diversity and beta diversity of the fecal microbiome showed no significant changes. Aleurone significantly decreased the relative abundance of the genera Roseburia, Shuttleworthia, Anaerostipes, Faecalibacter, and Succinovibrionaceae. The most pronounced changes in the relative abundance at phyla level were seen in Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia (downregulation) and Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes (upregulation). The PICRUSt analysis shows that aleurone induces a downregulation of the degradation of L-glutamate and taurine and an upregulation of the three consecutive pathways of the phospholipid membrane synthesis of the Archaea domain. The results of this study suggest a multimodal effect of aleurone on glucose-insulin metabolism, which is most likely to be caused by its effect on feed texture and subsequent digestive processing; and a synergistic effect of individual aleurone components on the glucose-insulin metabolism and microbiome composition and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berit Boshuizen
- Research Group of Comparative Physiology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Wolvega Equine Hospital, Oldeholtpade, Netherlands
| | - Carmen Vidal Moreno de Vega
- Research Group of Comparative Physiology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lorie De Maré
- Research Group of Comparative Physiology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Small Animals and Horses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Constance de Meeûs
- Research Group of Comparative Physiology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | | | - Yannick Gansemans
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deforce
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Nieuwerburgh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Catherine Delesalle
- Research Group of Comparative Physiology, Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Iversen KN, Landberg R. Whole Grains, Gut Microbiota, and Health-Time to Get Personal? J Nutr 2021; 151:459-461. [PMID: 33561261 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kia Nøhr Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
van Trijp MPH, Schutte S, Esser D, Wopereis S, Hoevenaars FPM, Hooiveld GJEJ, Afman LA. Minor Changes in the Composition and Function of the Gut Microbiota During a 12-Week Whole Grain Wheat or Refined Wheat Intervention Correlate with Liver Fat in Overweight and Obese Adults. J Nutr 2021; 151:491-502. [PMID: 33188417 PMCID: PMC7948209 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whole grain wheat (WGW) products are advocated as a healthy choice when compared with refined wheat (RW). One proposed mechanism for these health benefits is via the microbiota, because WGW contains multiple fibers. WGW consumption has been proposed to ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, in which microbiota might play a role. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effect of WGW compared with RW intervention on the fecal microbiota composition and functionality, and correlated intervention-induced changes in bacteria with changes in liver health parameters in adults with overweight or obesity. METHODS We used data of a 12-wk double-blind, randomized, controlled, parallel trial to examine the effects of a WGW (98 g/d) or RW (98 g/d) intervention on the secondary outcomes fecal microbiota composition, predicted microbiota functionality, and stool consistency in 37 women and men (aged 45-70 y, BMI 25-35 kg/m2). The changes in microbiota composition, measured using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, after a 12-wk intervention were analyzed with nonparametric tests, and correlated with changes in liver fat and circulating concentrations of liver enzymes including alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and serum amyloid A. RESULTS The WGW intervention increased the mean (± SD) relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 (baseline: 2.2 ± 4.6%, differential change over time (Δ) 0.51 ± 4.2%), Ruminiclostridium_9 (baseline: 0.065 ± 0.11%, Δ 0.054 ± 0.14%), and Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group (baseline: 0.37 ± 0.56%, Δ 0.17 ± 0.83%), and also the predicted pathway acetyl-CoA fermentation to butyrate II (baseline: 0.23 ± 0.062%, Δ 0.035 ± 0.059%), compared with the RW intervention (P values <0.05). A change in Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group was positively correlated with the change in liver fat, in both the WGW (ρ = 0.54; P = 0.026) and RW (ρ = 0.67; P = 0.024) groups. CONCLUSIONS In middle-aged overweight and obese adults, a 12-wk WGW intervention increased the relative abundance of a number of bacterial taxa from the family Ruminococcaceae and increased predicted fermentation pathways when compared with an RW intervention. Potential protective health effects of replacement of RW by WGW on metabolic organs, such as the liver, via modulation of the microbiota, deserve further investigation.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02385149.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mara P H van Trijp
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Schutte
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diederik Esser
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan Wopereis
- TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Femke P M Hoevenaars
- TNO, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Guido J E J Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lydia A Afman
- Nutrition, Metabolism & Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Seal CJ, Courtin CM, Venema K, de Vries J. Health benefits of whole grain: effects on dietary carbohydrate quality, the gut microbiome, and consequences of processing. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2742-2768. [PMID: 33682356 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Grains are important sources of carbohydrates in global dietary patterns. The majority of these carbohydrates, especially in refined-grain products, are digestible. Most carbohydrate digestion takes place in the small intestine where monosaccharides (predominantly glucose) are absorbed, delivering energy to the body. However, a considerable part of the carbohydrates, especially in whole grains, is indigestible dietary fibers. These impact gut motility and transit and are useful substrates for the gut microbiota affecting its composition and quality. For the most part, the profile of digestible and indigestible carbohydrates and their complexity determine the nutritional quality of carbohydrates. Whole grains are more complex than refined grains and are promoted as part of a healthy and sustainable diet mainly because the contribution of indigestible carbohydrates, and their co-passenger nutrients, is significantly higher. Higher consumption of whole grain is recommended because it is associated with lower incidence of, and mortality from, CVD, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. This may be due in part to effects on the gut microbiota. Although processing of cereals during milling and food manufacturing is necessary to make them edible, it also offers the opportunity to still further improve the nutritional quality of whole-grain flours and foods made from them. Changing the composition and availability of grain carbohydrates and phytochemicals during processing may positively affect the gut microbiota and improve health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chris J Seal
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University-Campus Venlo, St Jansweg 20, 5928 RC, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Vries
- Nutrition Solutions, Reuvekamp 26, 7213CE, Gorssel, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xue K, Liu Y, Iversen KN, Mazidi M, Qu Z, Dong C, Jin T, Hallmans G, Åman P, Johansson A, He G, Landberg R. Impact of a Fermented High-Fiber Rye Diet on Helicobacter pylori and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Helicobacter pylori-Positive Chinese Adults. Front Nutr 2021; 7:608623. [PMID: 33521037 PMCID: PMC7844128 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.608623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High dietary fiber intake has been associated with reduced risk of Helicobacter pylori infection and co-morbidities such as gastric cancer but also with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. It has been suggested that fermented rye could affect Helicobacter pylori bacterial load and that high- fiber rye may be superior to wheat for improvement of several cardiometabolic risk factors, but few long-term interventions with high fiber rye foods have been conducted. Objective: To examine the effect of high-fiber wholegrain rye foods with added fermented rye bran vs. refined wheat on Helicobacter pylori infection and cardiometabolic risk markers in a Chinese population with a low habitual consumption of high fiber cereal foods. Design: A parallel dietary intervention was set up and 182 normal- or overweight men and women were randomized to consume wholegrain rye products containing fermented rye bran (FRB) or refined wheat (RW) for 12 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, fasting blood sample collection and 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT) were performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks of intervention as well as 12 weeks after the end of the intervention. Results: No difference between diets on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load measured by 13C-UBT breath test or in virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori in blood samples were found. Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were significantly lower in the FRB group, compared to the RW group after 12 weeks of intervention. The intervention diets did not affect markers of glucose metabolism or insulin sensitivity. Conclusions: While the results of the present study did not support any effect of FRB on Helicobacter pylori bacterial load, beneficial effects on LDL-C and hs-CRP were clearly shown. This suggest that consumption of high fiber rye foods instead of refined wheat could be one strategy for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Clinical Trial Registration: The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, Identifier: NCT03103386.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kia Nøhr Iversen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zheng Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenglin Dong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tayi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Göran Hallmans
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Åman
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Johansson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Odontology, Section of Cariology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gengsheng He
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Role of gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome: a review of recent evidence. Porto Biomed J 2020; 5:e105. [PMID: 33299954 PMCID: PMC7721214 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome is a complex entity comprised of multiple cardiovascular risk factors grouped in a single individual, contributing to an increased rate of cardiovascular events which goes beyond what would be expected given the impact of each individual risk factor. It is a multifactorial condition whose complete pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Several studies have shown that not only the intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis may play a role in its pathogenesis, but also that modulating said microbiota may play a role in treating or at least ameliorating the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this article is to review some of the most recent evidence linking the gut microbiome and the metabolic syndrome to help further understand this relationship and try to identify further research directions.
Collapse
|
50
|
Diet, Microbioma, and Diabetes in Aging. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-020-00339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|