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Singh N, Nandy SK, Jyoti A, Saxena J, Sharma A, Siddiqui AJ, Sharma L. Protein Kinase C (PKC) in Neurological Health: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Alcohol Consumption. Brain Sci 2024; 14:554. [PMID: 38928554 PMCID: PMC11201589 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a diverse enzyme family crucial for cell signalling in various organs. Its dysregulation is linked to numerous diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological problems. In the brain, PKC plays pivotal roles in synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, and neuronal survival. Specifically, PKC's involvement in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathogenesis is of significant interest. The dysregulation of PKC signalling has been linked to neurological disorders, including AD. This review elucidates PKC's pivotal role in neurological health, particularly its implications in AD pathogenesis and chronic alcohol addiction. AD, characterised by neurodegeneration, implicates PKC dysregulation in synaptic dysfunction and cognitive decline. Conversely, chronic alcohol consumption elicits neural adaptations intertwined with PKC signalling, exacerbating addictive behaviours. By unravelling PKC's involvement in these afflictions, potential therapeutic avenues emerge, offering promise for ameliorating their debilitating effects. This review navigates the complex interplay between PKC, AD pathology, and alcohol addiction, illuminating pathways for future neurotherapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology, and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (N.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Shouvik Kumar Nandy
- School of Pharmacy, Techno India University, Sector-V, Kolkata 700091, West Bengal, India;
| | - Anupam Jyoti
- Department of Life Science, Parul Institute of Applied Science, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India;
| | - Juhi Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Technology, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, Gujarat, India;
| | - Aditi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology, and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (N.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lalit Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology, and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (N.S.); (A.S.)
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Pierson SR, Kolling LJ, James TD, Pushpavathi SG, Marcinkiewcz CA. Serotonergic dysfunction may mediate the relationship between alcohol consumption and Alzheimer's disease. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107171. [PMID: 38599469 PMCID: PMC11088857 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its related dementias is rapidly expanding, and its mitigation remains an urgent social and technical challenge. To date there are no effective treatments or interventions for AD, but recent studies suggest that alcohol consumption is correlated with the risk of developing dementia. In this review, we synthesize data from preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological models to evaluate the combined role of alcohol consumption and serotonergic dysfunction in AD, underscoring the need for further research on this topic. We first discuss the limitations inherent to current data-collection methods, and how neuropsychiatric symptoms common among AD, alcohol use disorder, and serotonergic dysfunction may mask their co-occurrence. We additionally describe how excess alcohol consumption may accelerate the development of AD via direct effects on serotonergic function, and we explore the roles of neuroinflammation and proteostasis in mediating the relationship between serotonin, alcohol consumption, and AD. Lastly, we argue for a shift in current research to disentangle the pathogenic effects of alcohol on early-affected brainstem structures in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Pierson
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Louis J Kolling
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, United States
| | - Thomas D James
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Iowa, United States
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Li Y, Wang H, Leng X, Gao J, Li C, Huang D. Polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. Leaves Alleviate Acute Alcoholic Liver Injury by Modulating the Microbiota-Gut-Liver Axis in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:1089. [PMID: 38611393 PMCID: PMC11011369 DOI: 10.3390/foods13071089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The interplay among gut microbiota, intestines, and liver is crucial in preventing acute alcoholic liver injury. In this study, the hepatoprotective potential of polysaccharides from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. leaves (EULP) on acute alcoholic liver injury in Kunming male mice was investigated. The structural features suggested that the EULP appeared as a heterogeneous mixture of polysaccharides with a molecular weight of 186132 Da. A 14-day pretreatment of EULP ameliorated acute alcoholic-induced hepatic inflam mation (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10), oxidative stress (GSH, SOD, and T-AOC), and liver damage (ALT and AST) via enhancing intestinal barrier (Occludin, Claudin 1, and ZO-1) and modulating microbiome, which subsequently inhibiting endotoxemia and balancing the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis. EULP restored the composition of intestinal flora with an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and a decrease in Lachnospiraceae and Verrucomicrobiaceae. Notably, prolonged EULP pretreatment (14 days) but no single gavage of EULP achieved excellent hepatoprotection. These findings endorsed the potential of EULP as a functional food for mitigating acute alcoholic-induce d liver damage, attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and prebiotic properties facilitated by the microbiota-gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Xueping Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Jiaming Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
| | - Danfei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key Laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China; (Y.L.); (H.W.); (X.L.); (J.G.); (C.L.)
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330200, China
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Qin N, Black GG, Chen Y, Wang ML, Huang H, Otterburn DM. Impact of Comorbidities on Sensory Return After Breast Reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 92:S185-S190. [PMID: 38556671 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast anesthesia after mastectomy and reconstruction has been an ongoing concern with few improvements made in recent years. At present, there is a lack of studies evaluating the impact of comorbidities on sensation restoration. Identifying risk factors (RF) will be helpful with preoperative counseling. METHODS This was a prospective study on patients who underwent mastectomy and immediate implant-based or neurotized deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap-based reconstruction. Neurosensory testing was performed at predefined time points using a pressure specified device. Patients were stratified based on reconstruction type and comorbidities, including obesity (≥30 kg/m2), age (>55 years), hypertension, alcohol use, and smoking status. Sensory comparisons among the comorbidity groups were conducted using unpaired 2-sample t tests. RESULTS A total of 239 patients were included in this study with 109 patients in the implant cohort and 131 patients in the DIEP cohort. One patient underwent bilateral reconstruction using both reconstructive modalities. Preoperatively, age older than 55 years was identified as an RF for reduced breast sensation in the implant cohort (difference in threshold, 10.7 g/mm2), whereas obesity was identified as an RF in the DIEP cohort (difference in threshold, 8 g/mm2). During the first 2 years postreconstruction, age older than 55 years and tobacco use history were found to be negatively correlated with breast sensation for both cohorts. With DIEP reconstruction specifically, obesity was identified as an additional RF during the early postoperative period. Of note, none of the comorbidities were found to be long-term RFs for reduced breast sensitivity. All breast sensation levels returned to comparable levels across all comorbidities by 4 years postreconstruction. CONCLUSIONS Currently, various comorbidities have been recognized as RFs for several postoperative complications including extended postoperative stay, necrosis, infection, and reoperation. However, our findings suggest that, although age, smoking history, and obesity showed transient associations with reduced breast sensation during the initial years postreconstruction, they play no role in the long-term potential of sensory nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Qin
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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Crews FT, Macht V, Vetreno RP. Epigenetic regulation of microglia and neurons by proinflammatory signaling following adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure and in human AUD. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2024; 4:12094. [PMID: 38524847 PMCID: PMC10957664 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2024.12094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent alcohol drinking is linked to high rates of adult alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD). The Neurobiology of Alcohol Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) consortium adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) models adolescent binge drinking, followed by abstinent maturation to adulthood to determine the persistent AIE changes in neurobiology and behavior. AIE increases adult alcohol drinking and preference, increases anxiety and reward seeking, and disrupts sleep and cognition, all risks for AUD. In addition, AIE induces changes in neuroimmune gene expression in neurons and glia that alter neurocircuitry and behavior. HMGB1 is a unique neuroimmune signal released from neurons and glia by ethanol that activates multiple proinflammatory receptors, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), that spread proinflammatory gene induction. HMGB1 expression is increased by AIE in rat brain and in post-mortem human AUD brain, where it correlates with lifetime alcohol consumption. HMGB1 activation of TLR increase TLR expression. Human AUD brain and rat brain following AIE show increases in multiple TLRs. Brain regional differences in neurotransmitters and cell types impact ethanol responses and neuroimmune gene induction. Microglia are monocyte-like cells that provide trophic and synaptic functions, that ethanol proinflammatory signals sensitize or "prime" during repeated drinking cycles, impacting neurocircuitry. Neurocircuits are differently impacted dependent upon neuronal-glial signaling. Acetylcholine is an anti-inflammatory neurotransmitter. AIE increases HMGB1-TLR4 signaling in forebrain, reducing cholinergic neurons by silencing multiple cholinergic defining genes through upregulation of RE-1 silencing factor (REST), a transcription inhibitor known to regulate neuronal differentiation. HMGB1 REST induction reduces cholinergic neurons in basal forebrain and cholinergic innervation of hippocampus. Adult brain hippocampal neurogenesis is regulated by a neurogenic niche formed from multiple cells. In vivo AIE and in vitro studies find ethanol increases HMGB1-TLR4 signaling and other proinflammatory signaling as well as reducing trophic factors, NGF, and BDNF, coincident with loss of the cholinergic synapse marker vChAT. These changes in gene expression-transcriptomes result in reduced adult neurogenesis. Excitingly, HMGB1 antagonists, anti-inflammatories, and epigenetic modifiers like histone deacetylase inhibitors restore trophic the neurogenesis. These findings suggest anti-inflammatory and epigenetic drugs should be considered for AUD therapy and may provide long-lasting reversal of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T. Crews
- Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Lin X, Li X, Li C, Wang H, Zou L, Pan J, Zhang X, He L, Rong X, Peng Y. Activation of STING signaling aggravates chronic alcohol exposure-induced cognitive impairment by increasing neuroinflammation and mitochondrial apoptosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14689. [PMID: 38516831 PMCID: PMC10958405 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Chronic alcohol exposure leads to persistent neurological disorders, which are mainly attributed to neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) is essential in the cytosolic DNA sensing pathway and is involved in inflammation and cellular death processes. This study was to examine the expression pattern and biological functions of STING signaling in alcohol use disorder (AUD). METHODS Cell-free DNA was extracted from human and mouse plasma. C57BL/6J mice were given alcohol by gavage for 28 days, and behavior tests were used to determine their mood and cognition. Cultured cells were treated with ethanol for 24 hours. The STING agonist DMXAA, STING inhibitor C-176, and STING-siRNA were used to intervene the STING. qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were used to assess STING signaling, inflammation, and apoptosis. RESULTS Circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was increased in individuals with AUD and mice chronically exposed to alcohol. Upregulation of STING signaling under alcohol exposure led to inflammatory responses in BV2 cells and mitochondrial apoptosis in PC12 cells. DMXAA exacerbated alcohol-induced cognitive impairment and increased the activation of microglia, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), while C-176 exerted neuroprotection. CONCLUSION Activation of STING signaling played an essential role in alcohol-induced inflammation and mitochondrial apoptosis in the mPFC. This study identifies STING as a promising therapeutic target for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrou Lin
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision ImmunologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalFoshanChina
| | - Xiangpen Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShanweiChina
| | - Chenguang Li
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongxuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lubin Zou
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision ImmunologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalFoshanChina
| | - Jingrui Pan
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Shenshan Medical Center, Sun Yat‐sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityShanweiChina
| | - Xiaoni Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lei He
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoming Rong
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Nanhai Translational Innovation Center of Precision ImmunologySun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalFoshanChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat‐Sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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Chakraborty R, Biswas T, Mishra BR, Parmar A. Acute REM sleep behaviour disorder associated with alcohol withdrawal: A case report and literature review. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024; 43:760-763. [PMID: 38287722 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterised by the loss of REM sleep muscle atonia and the enactment of dreams. Acute RBD associated with alcohol withdrawal syndrome is known, but the studies are limited, particularly on its neurobiological underpinnings and management alongside the withdrawal state. This work attempts to address this using a case study and relevant literature review. CASE PRESENTATION A 40-year-old male with alcohol dependence (for 20 years) reported new-onset terrifying nightmares and violent behaviours in his sleep precipitated by alcohol withdrawal states for the last 18 months. The polysomnographic finding of REM-without-atonia supported the diagnosis of RBD. He was treated with chlordiazepoxide 100 mg/day (gradually tapered and stopped) and thiamine supplements. Post-discharge, he remained abstinent and symptom-free during the three months of follow-up. DISCUSSION RBD related to alcohol withdrawal syndrome has been previously described in a few anecdotal reports. Sudden withdrawal from central nervous system suppressants like alcohol is hypothesised to cause a homeostatic imbalance in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathways and 'REM rebound', resulting in the clinical and polysomnographic picture of RBD. Benzodiazepines have been found to be useful in both RBD and alcohol withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol withdrawal syndrome may present with acute RBD, which can be treated with a short course of benzodiazepine. However, further studies are needed to explore the long-term course of RBD in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Chakraborty
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Tathagata Biswas
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Biswa Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Arpit Parmar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Durazzo TC, Stephens LH, Meyerhoff DJ. Regional cortical thickness recovery with extended abstinence after treatment in those with alcohol use disorder. Alcohol 2024; 114:51-60. [PMID: 37657667 PMCID: PMC10902196 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2023.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Several cross-sectional investigations reported widespread cortical thinning in those with alcohol use disorder (AUD). The few longitudinal studies investigating cortical thickness changes during abstinence are limited to the first month of sobriety. Consequently, cortical thickness changes during extended abstinence in those with AUD is unclear. In this study, AUD participants were studied at approximately 1 week (n = 68), 1 month (n = 88), and 7.3 months (n = 40) of abstinence. Forty-five never-smoking controls (CON) completed a baseline study, and 15 were reassessed after approximately 9.6 months. Participants completed magnetic resonance imaging studies at 1.5T, and cortical thickness for 34 bilateral regions of interest (ROI) was quantitated with FreeSurfer. AUD participants demonstrated significant linear thickness increases in 25/34 ROI over 7.3 months of abstinence. The rate of change from 1 week to 1 month was greater than 1 month to 7.3 months in 19/34 ROIs. Proatherogenic conditions were associated with lower thickness recovery in anterior frontal, inferior parietal, and lateral/mesial temporal regions. After 7.3 months of abstinence, AUD participants were statistically equivalent to CON on cortical thickness in 24/34 ROIs; the cortical thickness differences between AUD and CON in the banks superior temporal gyrus, post central, posterior cingulate, superior parietal, supramarginal, and superior frontal cortices were driven by thinner cortices in AUD with proatherogenic conditions relative to CON. In actively smoking AUD, increasing pack-years was associated with decreasing thickness recovery primarily in the anterior frontal ROIs. Widespread bilateral cortical thickness recovery over 7.3 months of abstinence was the central finding for this AUD cohort. The longitudinal and cross-sectional findings for AUD with proatherogenic suggests alterations in perfusion or vascular integrity may relate to structural recovery in those with AUD. These results support the adaptive and beneficial effects of sustained sobriety on brain structural recovery in people with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Durazzo
- Sierra-Pacific Mental Illness Research and Education Clinical Centers, Veterans Administration Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States.
| | - Lauren H Stephens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Dieter J Meyerhoff
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIND), San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Melbourne JK, Wooden JI, Carlson ER, Anasooya Shaji C, Nixon K. Neuroimmune Activation and Microglia Reactivity in Female Rats Following Alcohol Dependence. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1603. [PMID: 38338883 PMCID: PMC10855949 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The rates of alcohol use disorder among women are growing, yet little is known about how the female brain is affected by alcohol. The neuroimmune system, and specifically microglia, have been implicated in mediating alcohol neurotoxicity, but most preclinical studies have focused on males. Further, few studies have considered changes to the microglial phenotype when examining the effects of ethanol on brain structure and function. Therefore, we quantified microglial reactivity in female rats using a binge model of alcohol dependence, assessed through morphological and phenotypic marker expression, coupled with regional cytokine levels. In a time- and region-dependent manner, alcohol altered the microglial number and morphology, including the soma and process area, and the overall complexity within the corticolimbic regions examined, but no significant increases in the proinflammatory markers MHCII or CD68 were observed. The majority of cytokine and growth factor levels examined were similarly unchanged. However, the expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα was increased, and the anti-inflammatory IL-10, decreased. Thus, female rats showed subtle differences in neuroimmune reactivity compared to past work in males, consistent with reports of enhanced neuroimmune responses in females across the literature. These data suggest that specific neuroimmune reactions in females may impact their susceptibility to alcohol neurotoxicity and other neurodegenerative events with microglial contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kimberly Nixon
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (J.K.M.)
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Chapp AD, Shan Z, Chen QH. Acetic Acid: An Underestimated Metabolite in Ethanol-Induced Changes in Regulating Cardiovascular Function. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:139. [PMID: 38397737 PMCID: PMC10886048 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetic acid is a bioactive short-chain fatty acid produced in large quantities from ethanol metabolism. In this review, we describe how acetic acid/acetate generates oxidative stress, alters the function of pre-sympathetic neurons, and can potentially influence cardiovascular function in both humans and rodents after ethanol consumption. Our recent findings from in vivo and in vitro studies support the notion that administration of acetic acid/acetate generates oxidative stress and increases sympathetic outflow, leading to alterations in arterial blood pressure. Real-time investigation of how ethanol and acetic acid/acetate modulate neural control of cardiovascular function can be conducted by microinjecting compounds into autonomic control centers of the brain and measuring changes in peripheral sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure in response to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Chapp
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zhiying Shan
- Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;
| | - Qing-Hui Chen
- Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA;
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Saushkina AO, Averkin NS. [Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of structures of cerebral cortex structure in young people under conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication]. Sud Med Ekspert 2024; 67:10-13. [PMID: 38353008 DOI: 10.17116/sudmed20246701110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study morphological changes of cerebral cortex in young people under the conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication (CAI). MATERIAL AND METHODS Morphometric examination of cerebral cortex fragments obtained from 28 persons who died with a CAI diagnosis (average age was 38 years), and 25 subjects who died from other causes, which are not associated with alcohol consumption (average age was 39 years), was carried out. RESULTS It was shown that neurons of pathological shapes, including hypo- and hyperchromic, pyknotic and «shadow-like», were dominant in group of CAI. There was an increase in the glial index and a greater intensity of perivascular and pericellular edema compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Morphological changes of cerebral cortex under the conditions of CAI are non-specific and largely similar to neurodegenerative alterations in other pathological conditions, senile dementia. Clearer histological criteria for alcoholic encephalopathy are needed, including with the use of immunohistochemical methods.
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Darbinian N, Merabova N, Tatevosian G, Morrison M, Darbinyan A, Zhao H, Goetzl L, Selzer ME. Biomarkers of Affective Dysregulation Associated with In Utero Exposure to EtOH. Cells 2023; 13:2. [PMID: 38201206 PMCID: PMC10778368 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) exhibit behavioral and affective dysregulation, including hyperactivity and depression. The mechanisms are not known, but they could conceivably be due to postnatal social or environmental factors. However, we postulate that, more likely, the affective dysregulation is associated with the effects of EtOH exposure on the development of fetal serotonergic (5-HT) and/or dopaminergic (DA) pathways, i.e., pathways that in postnatal life are believed to regulate mood. Many women who use alcohol (ethanol, EtOH) during pregnancy suffer from depression and take selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which might influence these monoaminergic pathways in the fetus. Alternatively, monoaminergic pathway abnormalities might reflect a direct effect of EtOH on the fetal brain. To distinguish between these possibilities, we measured their expressions in fetal brains and in fetal brain-derived exosomes (FB-Es) isolated from the mothers' blood. We hypothesized that maternal use of EtOH and/or SSRIs during pregnancy would be associated with impaired fetal neural development, detectable as abnormal levels of monoaminergic and apoptotic biomarkers in FB-Es. METHODS Fetal brain tissues and maternal blood were collected at 9-23 weeks of pregnancy. EtOH groups were compared with unexposed controls matched for gestational age (GA). The expression of 84 genes associated with the DA and 5-HT pathways was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) on microarrays. FB-Es also were assayed for serotonin transporter protein (SERT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Six EtOH-exposed human fetal brain samples were compared to SSRI- or polydrug-exposed samples and to unexposed controls. EtOH exposure was associated with significant upregulation of DA receptor D3 and 5-HT receptor HTR2C, while HTR3A was downregulated. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), MAOB, the serine/threonine kinase AKT3, and caspase-3 were upregulated, while mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and AKT2 were downregulated. ETOH was associated with significant upregulation of the DA transporter gene, while SERT was downregulated. There were significant correlations between EtOH exposure and (a) caspase-3 activation, (b) reduced SERT protein levels, and (c) reduced BDNF levels. SSRI exposure independently increased caspase-3 activity and downregulated SERT and BDNF. Early exposure to EtOH and SSRI together was associated synergistically with a significant upregulation of caspase-3 and a significant downregulation of SERT and BDNF. Reduced SERT and BDNF levels were strongly correlated with a reduction in eye diameter, a somatic manifestation of FASD. CONCLUSIONS Maternal use of EtOH and SSRI during pregnancy each was associated with changes in fetal brain monoamine pathways, consistent with potential mechanisms for the affective dysregulation associated with FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nune Darbinian
- Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation (Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (N.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Nana Merabova
- Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation (Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (N.M.); (G.T.)
- Medical College of Wisconsin-Prevea Health, Green Bay, WI 54304, USA
| | - Gabriel Tatevosian
- Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation (Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (N.M.); (G.T.)
| | - Mary Morrison
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Armine Darbinyan
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Center for Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Laura Goetzl
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Michael Edgar Selzer
- Center for Neural Repair and Rehabilitation (Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; (N.M.); (G.T.)
- Department of Neurology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Roberts A, Christian M, Dilone LN, Nelson N, Endrino MJ, Kneebone A, Embaby S, Fernandez J, Liu QR, Onaivi ES, Kibret BG. Alcohol induced behavioral and immune perturbations are attenuated by activation of CB2 cannabinoid receptors. ADVANCES IN DRUG AND ALCOHOL RESEARCH 2023; 3:11602. [PMID: 38389814 PMCID: PMC10880753 DOI: 10.3389/adar.2023.11602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The endocannabinoidome (eCBome) is the expanded endocannabinoid system (ECS) and studies show that there is a link between this system and how it modulates alcohol induced neuroinflammation. Using conditional knockout (cKO) mice with selective deletion of cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) in dopamine neurons (DAT-Cnr2) and in microglia (Cx3Cr1-Cnr2), we investigated how CB2Rs modulate behavioral and neuroinflammation induced by alcohol. Behavioral tests including locomotor and wheel running activity, rotarod performance test, and alcohol preference tests were used to evaluate behavioral changes induced by alcohol. Using ELISA assay, we investigated the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hippocampus of mice. The findings demonstrated that locomotor activity, wheel running, and rotarod performance activities were significantly affected by cell-type specific deletion of CB2Rs in dopamine neurons and microglia. The non-selective CB2R agonist, WIN 55,212-2, reduced alcohol preference in the wild type and cell-type specific CB2R cKO mice. In addition, the result showed that cell-type specific deletion of CB2Rs per se and administration of alcohol to CB2R cKO mice increased the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. These findings suggest the involvement of CB2Rs in modulating behavioral and immune alterations induced by alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaliyah Roberts
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Mahli Christian
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Lizbeth Nivar Dilone
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Natania Nelson
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Mark Joseph Endrino
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Adam Kneebone
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Shymaa Embaby
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Emmanuel S. Onaivi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
| | - Berhanu Geresu Kibret
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, United States
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14
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Ghasempouri SK, Askari Z, Mohammadi H. Ameliorative effect of diazepam against ethanol-induced mitochondrial disruption in brains of the mice. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:405-412. [PMID: 37955036 PMCID: PMC10632119 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain oxidative damage and neurodegeneration by ethanol (ETH) are considered as important factors that triggered by oxidative stress. Recently, the abuse of diazepam (DZM) has increased by alcoholism-addicted patients. The present study evaluated the effects of combination treatment of ETH with DZM on oxidative damage induced in brain mitochondria of the mice. Only ETH (0.3, 0.6, and 2.5 g / kg) and ETH+ DZM (2.5 mg / kg) were administered intraperitoneally (ip) to the mice. Pathological changes and oxidative stress biomarkers including ROS, lipid peroxidation, carbonyl protein, mitochondrial function, and glutathione content were evaluated in brain mitochondria after 42 days. Results indicated that co-treatment of DZM and ETH significantly reduced mitochondrial toxicity, oxidative damage, pathological changes and increased level of glutathione. Subchronic ETH administration induced brain oxidative damage, mitochondrial disruption, and serious damage to the brain cells. Whereas, combination treatment improved oxidative damage, mitochondrial function, and pathological changes in brain cells after intoxication by ETH. These findings suggest antioxidant effect of DZM in combination with ETH and can be considered in reducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage attenuation in the brain. Combination therapy may be a better therapeutic candidate for prevention of brain oxidative damage induced by ETH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Khosro Ghasempouri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Ghaem Shahr Razi Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Zahra Askari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Mohammadi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Pharmacutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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15
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Grezmak T, Krishnan K. Factors that can influence neurocognitive performance: a case study in a controlled environment. Neurocase 2023; 29:180-185. [PMID: 38678306 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2024.2348228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
This is a case study of a patient in her 50s who presents with severe malnutrition, alcohol dependence, and untreated Bipolar Affective Disorder. She was hospitalized multiple times and placed in a group home 1 year after symptom onset. Cognitive and functional improvements are observed over a 6-year period, as demonstrated by 3 comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations. Residing in a monitored and structured environment for 6 years, with stability in psychiatric medications, monitored nutrition and abstinence from alcohol are attributed to this improvement. This study provides unique evidence of the impact of balanced nutrition and improvements in psychiatric symptoms on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Grezmak
- Neurological Institute, Section of Neuropsychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kamini Krishnan
- Neurological Institute, Section of Neuropsychology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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16
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Adekomi DA, Olajide OJ, Adewale OO, Okesina AA, Fatoki JO, Falana BA, Adeniyi TD, Adegoke AA, Ojo WA, Alabi SO. D-ribose-L-cysteine exhibits neuroprotective activity through inhibition of oxido-behavioral dysfunctions and modulated activities of neurotransmitters in the cerebellum of Juvenile mice exposed to ethanol. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:746-756. [PMID: 35723231 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2088783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol exposure to the cerebellum has been known to trigger cerebellar dysfunctions through several mechanisms. This present study was designed to evaluate the repealing effect of D-ribose-L-cysteine (DRLC) on alcohol-induced cerebellar dysfunctions in juvenile BALB/c mice. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 10 per group). Mice were given oral administration of normal saline (control), DRLC (100 mg/kg, p.o), ethanol (0.2 mL of 10% w/v), or DRLC (100 mg/kg, p.o) + ethanol (0.2 mL of 10% w/v). On day 29 of the study (i.e., 24 h after the administration of the last respective doses), neurochemical quantification of the respective levels of serotonin and dopamine, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase in the cerebellar tissues of the mice were analyzed. Compared with the saline-treated group, the studied neurochemical indices were modulated across the various experimental groups. The administration of ethanol significantly modulates the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin and dopamine) as well as contents of total antioxidants, activities of superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, with a concurrently increased level of lipid peroxidase in the cerebellar tissue of the mice. DRLC significantly reverses these effects in the DRLC + ethanol co-treated group. Combined exposure to DRLC + ethanol counteracts the deleterious effect of ethanol in the cerebellum of juvenile BALB/c mice via monoamine neurotransmitter, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant status, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase action pathways. Therefore, DRLC could be a pharmacologic or therapeutic agent in attenuating the deleterious effects of alcohol on the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilare Adedayo Adekomi
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience and Cell Biology Unit, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Olamide Janet Olajide
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience and Cell Biology Unit, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Omowumi Oyeronke Adewale
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - John Olabode Fatoki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Benedict Abiola Falana
- Department of Anatomy, Neuroscience and Cell Biology Unit, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Temidayo Daniel Adeniyi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Science, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Waliu Adetunji Ojo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria
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17
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Bramness JG, Pandey S, Moe JS, Toft H, Lien L, Walby FA, Myhre MØ, Bolstad I. Levels of IL-6 are Associated with Lifetime Attempted Suicide in Alcohol Use Disorder Patients. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:2141-2148. [PMID: 37849526 PMCID: PMC10578180 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s413101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) have an increased risk of suicide. Neuroimmunological measures, such as cytokines, are shown to deviate in people with attempted suicide. Few studies have investigated this among AUD patients. Patients and Methods One-hundred and fourteen patients undergoing residential treatment for AUD were interviewed on lifetime suicide attempts (SA) along with several other background variables and clinical characteristics. Serum blood samples were drawn for analysis of cytokines. Results Thirty-one patients (27%) reported at least one SA. These patients had more symptoms of current affective disorders and more severe dependence. In bivariate analysis only IL-6 and IL-10 appeared to be associated with lifetime SA but without reaching statistical significance. In multivariate linear regression, adjusting for sex, nicotine use, somatic illness, and the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, IL-6 was associated to SA (p = 0.033). Conclusion The cytokine IL-6 has repeatedly been found to be associated with suicidality. The present study concurs with this role of IL-6 in a naturalistic observational study of AUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørgen G Bramness
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Alcohol, Tobacco and Drugs, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Susmita Pandey
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
| | - Jenny Skumsnes Moe
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Helge Toft
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Lars Lien
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
| | - Fredrik A Walby
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Øverlien Myhre
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Bolstad
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Concurrent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorders, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway
- Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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18
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Guerin SP, Melbourne JK, Dang HQ, Shaji CA, Nixon K. Astrocyte Reactivity and Neurodegeneration in the Female Rat Brain Following Alcohol Dependence. Neuroscience 2023; 529:183-199. [PMID: 37598836 PMCID: PMC10810177 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that alcohol use disorder (AUD) may manifest itself differently in women compared to men. Women experience AUDs on an accelerated timeline and may have certain regional vulnerabilities. In male rats, neuronal cell death and astrocyte reactivity are noted following induction of alcohol dependence in an animal model of an AUD. However, the regional and temporal patterns of neurodegeneration and astrocyte reactivity have yet to be fully examined in females using this model. Therefore, adult female rats were exposed to a 4-day binge model of alcohol dependence followed by different periods of abstinence. Histological markers for FluoroJade B, a label of degenerating neurons, and vimentin, a marker for reactive astrocytes, were utilized. The expression of these markers in cortical and limbic regions was quantified immediately after their last dose (e.g., T0), or 2, 7, and 14 days later. Significant neuronal cell death was noted in the entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, similar to previous reports in males, but also in several cortical regions not previously observed. Vimentin immunoreactivity was noted in the same regions as previously reported, in addition to three novel regions. Vimentin immunoreactivity also occurred at earlier and later time points in some cortical and hippocampal regions. These data suggest that both neuronal cell death and astrocyte reactivity could be more widespread in females compared to males. Therefore, this study provides a framework for specific regions and time points which should be examined in future studies of alcohol-induced damage that include female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Guerin
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Jennifer K Melbourne
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Huy Q Dang
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Chinchusha Anasooya Shaji
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- The University of Texas at Austin, Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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19
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Wen W, Wang Y, Li H, Hu D, Zhang Z, Lin H, Luo J. Upregulation of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) expression offers protection against alcohol neurotoxicity. J Neurochem 2023; 166:943-959. [PMID: 37507360 PMCID: PMC10906989 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol exposure has detrimental effects on both the developing and mature brain. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is one of the mechanisms that contributes to alcohol-induced neuronal damages. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an ER stress-responsive protein and is neuroprotective in multiple neuronal injury and neurodegenerative disease models. MANF deficiency has been shown to exacerbate alcohol-induced ER stress and neurodegeneration. However, it is unknown whether MANF supplement is sufficient to protect against alcohol neurotoxicity. Alcohol alters MANF expression in the brain, but the mechanisms underlying alcohol modulation of MANF expression remain unclear. This study was designed to determine how alcohol alters MANF expression in neuronal cells and whether exogeneous MANF can alleviate alcohol neurotoxicity. We showed that alcohol increased MANF transcription and secretion without affecting MANF mRNA stability and protein degradation. ER stress was necessary for alcohol-induced MANF upregulation, as pharmacological inhibition of ER stress by 4-PBA diminished alcohol-induced MANF expression. In addition, the presence of ER stress response element II (ERSE-II) was required for alcohol-stimulated MANF transcription. Mutations or deletion of this sequence abolished alcohol-regulated transcriptional activity. We generated MANF knockout (KO) neuronal cells using CRISPR/Cas9. MANF KO cells exhibited increased unfolded protein response (UPR) and were more susceptible to alcohol-induced cell death. On the other hand, MANF upregulation by the addition of recombinant MANF protein or adenovirus gene transduction protected neuronal cells against alcohol-induced cell death. Further studies using early postnatal mouse pups demonstrated that enhanced MANF expression in the brain by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of MANF adeno-associated viruses ameliorated alcohol-induced cell death. Thus, alcohol increased MANF expression through inducing ER stress, which could be a protective response. Exogenous MANF was able to protect against alcohol-induced neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer’s Center, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37372, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Zuohui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- VA Iowa City Health Care System, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA
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20
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Mendes PFS, Baia-da-Silva DC, Melo WWP, Bittencourt LO, Souza-Rodrigues RD, Fernandes LMP, Maia CDSF, Lima RR. Neurotoxicology of alcohol: a bibliometric and science mapping analysis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1209616. [PMID: 37593178 PMCID: PMC10427875 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1209616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is common in many societies and has increased considerably, resulting in many socioeconomic and public health problems. In this sense, studies have been carried out in order to understand the mechanisms involved in alcohol consumption and related harmful effects. This study aimed to identify and map the knowledge and to perform bibliometric analysis of the neurotoxicology of alcohol based on the 100 most cited articles. A search was carried out in the Web of Science Core Collection database and information was extracted regarding the journal, authors, keywords, year of publication, number of citations, country and continent of the corresponding author. For each selected manuscript, the study design, alcohol exposure model, dose, period of exposure, and effect on the central nervous system and research hotspots were mapped. The journal with the highest number of publications was Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research (n = 11 papers), the author who contributed the most was Crews FT (n = 8 papers), the studies had a total of 288 keywords and 75% of the publications were from the United States of America. The experimental studies evaluated the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposure and were conducted in rats and mice using doses ranging from 2.5 to 14 g/kg/day, with administration by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, intragastric, or inhalation route or with free access through drinking bottles. Among the studies mapped, the oldest one (1989) aimed to understand the systemic damage and mechanisms of action involved, while the most recent focused on understanding the receptors and mechanisms involved in addiction, as well as genetic factors. Our results show the panorama of the most widespread scientific production in the scientific community on the neurotoxicology of ethanol, a high prevalence was observed in studies that addressed fetal alcohol syndrome and/or the effects of ethanol on neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Fernando Santos Mendes
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Daiane Claydes Baia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Wallacy Watson Pereira Melo
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Renata Duarte Souza-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luanna Melo Pereira Fernandes
- Department of Morphology and Physiological Sciences, Center of Sciences Biological and Health, State University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
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21
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Nonoguchi HA, Jin M, Narreddy R, Kouo TWS, Nayak M, Trenet W, Mandyam CD. Progenitor Cells Play a Role in Reinstatement of Ethanol Seeking in Adult Male and Female Ethanol Dependent Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12233. [PMID: 37569609 PMCID: PMC10419311 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Female and male glial fibrillary acidic protein-thymidine kinase (GFAP-TK) transgenic rats were made ethanol dependent via a six-week chronic intermittent ethanol vapor (CIE) and ethanol drinking (ED) procedure. During the last week of CIE, a subset of male and female TK rats was fed valcyte to ablate dividing progenitor cells and continued the diet until the end of this study. Following week six, all CIE rats experienced two weeks of forced abstinence from CIE-ED, after which they experienced relapse to drinking, extinction, and reinstatement of ethanol seeking sessions. CIE increased ED in female and male rats, with females having higher ethanol consumption during CIE and relapse sessions compared with males. In both sexes, valcyte reduced the levels of Ki-67-labeled progenitor cells in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and did not alter the levels in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Valcyte increased ED during relapse, increased lever responses during extinction and, interestingly, enhanced latency to extinguish ethanol-seeking behaviors in males. Valcyte reduced the reinstatement of ethanol-seeking behaviors triggered by ethanol cues in females and males. Reduced seeking by valcyte was associated with the normalization of cytokines and chemokines in plasma isolated from trunk blood, indicating a role for progenitor cells in peripheral inflammatory responses. Reduced seeking by valcyte was associated with increases in tight junction protein claudin-5 and oligodendrogenesis in the dentate gyrus and reduction in microglial activity in the dentate gyrus and mPFC in females and males, demonstrating a role for progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus in dependence-induced endothelial and microglial dysfunction. These data suggest that progenitor cells born during withdrawal and abstinence from CIE in the dentate gyrus are aberrant and could play a role in strengthening ethanol memories triggered by ethanol cues via central and peripheral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Jin
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | | | | | | | - Wulfran Trenet
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
| | - Chitra D. Mandyam
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92161, USA
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22
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Kibret BG, Roberts A, Kneebone A, Embaby S, Fernandez J, Liu QR, Onaivi ES. Cannabinoid CB2 receptors modulate alcohol induced behavior, and neuro-immune dysregulation in mice. Behav Brain Res 2023; 448:114439. [PMID: 37061199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
The identification of additional lipid mediators, enzymes, and receptors revealed an expanded endocannabinoid system (ECS) called the endocannabinoidome (eCBome). Furthermore, eCBome research using wild type and genetically modified mice indicate the involvement of this system in modulating alcohol induced neuroinflammatory alterations associated with behavioral impairments and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. We investigated the role of cannabinoid type 2 receptors (CB2Rs) in modulating behavioral and neuro-immune changes induced by alcohol using conditional knockout (cKO) mice with selective deletion of CB2Rs in dopamine neurons (DAT-Cnr2) and in microglia (Cx3Cr1-Cnr2) cKO mice. We used a battery of behavioral tests including locomotor and wheel running activity, rotarod performance test, and alcohol preference tests to evaluate behavioral changes induced by alcohol. ELISA assay was used, to detect alterations in IL-6, IL-1α, and IL-1β in the prefrontal cortex, striatum, and hippocampal regions of mice to investigate the role of CB2Rs in neuroinflammation induced by alcohol in the brain. The involvement of cannabinoid receptors in alcohol-induced behavior was also evaluated using the non-selective cannabinoid receptor mixed agonist WIN 55,212-2. The results showed that cell-type specific deletion of CB2Rs in dopamine neurons and microglia significantly and differentially altered locomotor activity and rotarod performance activities. The result also revealed that cell-type specific deletion of CB2Rs enhanced alcohol-induced inflammation, and WIN significantly reduced alcohol preference in all genotypes compared to the vehicle controls. These findings suggest that the involvement of CB2Rs in modulating behavioral and neuroinflammatory alterations induced by alcohol may be potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berhanu Geresu Kibret
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA.
| | - Aaliyah Roberts
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Adam Kneebone
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Shymaa Embaby
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Justin Fernandez
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA
| | - Qing-Rong Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, national Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Onaivi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ 07470, USA.
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23
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de la Monte SM, Tong M, Delikkaya B. Differential Early Mechanistic Frontal Lobe Responses to Choline Chloride and Soy Isoflavones in an Experimental Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7595. [PMID: 37108779 PMCID: PMC10145811 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the most common preventable cause of neurodevelopmental defects, and white matter is a major target of ethanol neurotoxicity. Therapeutic interventions with choline or dietary soy could potentially supplement public health preventive measures. However, since soy contains abundant choline, it would be important to know if its benefits are mediated by choline or isoflavones. We compared early mechanistic responses to choline and the Daidzein+Genistein (D+G) soy isoflavones in an FASD model using frontal lobe tissue to assess oligodendrocyte function and Akt-mTOR signaling. Long Evans rat pups were binge administered 2 g/Kg of ethanol or saline (control) on postnatal days P3 and P5. P7 frontal lobe slice cultures were treated with vehicle (Veh), Choline chloride (Chol; 75 µM), or D+G (1 µM each) for 72 h without further ethanol exposures. The expression levels of myelin oligodendrocyte proteins and stress-related molecules were measured by duplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), and mTOR signaling proteins and phosphoproteins were assessed using 11-plex magnetic bead-based ELISAs. Ethanol's main short-term effects in Veh-treated cultures were to increase GFAP and relative PTEN phosphorylation and reduce Akt phosphorylation. Chol and D+G significantly modulated the expression of oligodendrocyte myelin proteins and mediators of insulin/IGF-1-Akt-mTOR signaling in both control and ethanol-exposed cultures. In general, the responses were more robust with D+G; the main exception was that RPS6 phosphorylation was significantly increased by Chol and not D+G. The findings suggest that dietary soy, with the benefits of providing complete nutrition together with Choline, could be used to help optimize neurodevelopment in humans at risk for FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne M. de la Monte
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Lifespan Academic Institutions, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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24
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Galán-Llario M, Rodríguez-Zapata M, Fontán-Baselga T, Gramage E, Vicente-Rodríguez M, Zapico JM, de Pascual-Teresa B, Lasek AW, Herradón G. Inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ reduces chronic ethanol intake in adolescent mice and modulates ethanol effects on hippocampal neurogenesis and glial responses in a sex-dependent manner. Neuropharmacology 2023; 227:109438. [PMID: 36706907 PMCID: PMC10327582 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Pleiotrophin (PTN) is a cytokine that modulates ethanol drinking and reward and regulates glial responses in different contexts. PTN is an inhibitor of Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (RPTP) β/ζ. Inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ reduces binge-like drinking in adult male mice. Whether inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ is effective in reducing ethanol consumption during adolescence and in both sexes remained to be studied. In this work, male and female adolescent mice underwent an intermittent access to ethanol (IAE) 2-bottle choice protocol. Treatment with MY10 (60 mg/kg, i.g.), a small-molecule RPTPβ/ζ inhibitor, reduced chronic 3-week ethanol consumption only in male mice. We detected an ethanol-induced overall decrease in hippocampal GFAPir and Iba1ir, independently of the treatment received, suggesting that RPTPβ/ζ is not key in the regulation of IAE-induced glial responses. However, we found a significant negative correlation between the size of microglial cells and the number of hippocampal neuronal progenitors only in male mice after IAE. This correlation was disrupted by treatment with MY10 before each drinking session, which may be related to the ability of MY10 to regulate the intensity of the perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the hippocampus in a sex-dependent manner. The data show for the first time that inhibition of RPTPβ/ζ reduces chronic voluntary ethanol consumption in adolescent mice in a sex-dependent manner. In addition, we show evidence for sex-specific differences in the effects of IAE on glial responses and hippocampal neurogenesis, which may be related to different actions of the RPTPβ/ζ signalling pathway in the brains of male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Galán-Llario
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Zapata
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Teresa Fontán-Baselga
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain
| | - Esther Gramage
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; Instituto de Estudios de las Adicciones, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Vicente-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; Instituto de Estudios de las Adicciones, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Zapico
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz de Pascual-Teresa
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amy W Lasek
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Gonzalo Herradón
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain; Instituto de Estudios de las Adicciones, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain.
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25
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Ruiz-España S, Ortiz-Ramón R, Pérez-Ramírez Ú, Díaz-Parra A, Ciccocioppo R, Bach P, Vollstädt-Klein S, Kiefer F, Sommer WH, Canals S, Moratal D. MRI texture-based radiomics analysis for the identification of altered functional networks in alcoholic patients and animal models. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2023; 104:102187. [PMID: 36696812 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2023.102187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a complex condition representing a leading risk factor for death, disease and disability. Its high prevalence and severe health consequences make necessary a better understanding of the brain network alterations to improve diagnosis and treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of resting-state fMRI 3D texture features as a novel source of biomarkers to identify AUD brain network alterations following a radiomics approach. A longitudinal study was conducted in Marchigian Sardinian alcohol-preferring msP rats (N = 36) who underwent resting-state functional and structural MRI before and after 30 days of alcohol or water consumption. A cross-sectional human study was also conducted among 33 healthy controls and 35 AUD patients. The preprocessed functional data corresponding to control and alcohol conditions were used to perform a probabilistic independent component analysis, identifying seven independent components as resting-state networks. Forty-three radiomic features extracted from each network were compared using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Holm correction to identify the network most affected by alcohol consumption. Features extracted from this network were then used in the machine learning process, evaluating two feature selection methods and six predictive models within a nested cross-validation structure. The classification was evaluated by computing the area under the ROC curve. Images were quantized using different numbers of gray-levels to test their influence on the results. The influence of ageing, data preprocessing, and brain iron accumulation were also analyzed. The methodology was validated using structural scans. The striatal network in alcohol-exposed msP rats presented the most significant number of altered features. The radiomics approach supported this result achieving good classification performance in animals (AUC = 0.915 ± 0.100, with 12 features) and humans (AUC = 0.724 ± 0.117, with 9 features) using a random forest model. Using the structural scans, high accuracy was achieved with a multilayer perceptron in both species (animals: AUC > 0.95 with 2 features, humans: AUC > 0.82 with 18 features). The best results were obtained using a feature selection method based on the p-value. The proposed radiomics approach is able to identify AUD patients and alcohol-exposed rats with good accuracy, employing a subset of 3D features extracted from fMRI. Furthermore, it can help identify relevant networks in drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Ruiz-España
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Ortiz-Ramón
- GRID Research Group, Universidad Internacional de Valencia - VIU, Valencia, Spain
| | - Úrsula Pérez-Ramírez
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Parra
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Patrick Bach
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Sommer
- Department of Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Santiago Canals
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Campus de San Juan, 03550 Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
| | - David Moratal
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
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26
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Crews FT, Coleman LG, Macht VA, Vetreno RP. Targeting Persistent Changes in Neuroimmune and Epigenetic Signaling in Adolescent Drinking to Treat Alcohol Use Disorder in Adulthood. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:380-396. [PMID: 36781218 PMCID: PMC9969522 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies universally find early age of drinking onset is linked to lifelong risks of alcohol problems and alcohol use disorder (AUD). Assessment of the lasting effect of drinking during adolescent development in humans is confounded by the diversity of environmental and genetic factors that affect adolescent development, including emerging personality disorders and progressive increases in drinking trajectories into adulthood. Preclinical studies using an adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure rat model of underage binge drinking avoid the human confounds and support lifelong changes that increase risks. AIE increases adult alcohol drinking, risky decision-making, reward-seeking, and anxiety as well as reductions in executive function that all increase risks for the development of an AUD. AIE causes persistent increases in brain neuroimmune signaling high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), Toll-like receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and innate immune genes that are also found to be increased in human AUD brain. HMGB1 is released from cells by ethanol, both free and within extracellular vesicles, that act on neurons and glia, shifting transcription and cellular phenotype. AIE-induced decreases in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are reviewed as examples of persistent AIE-induced pathology. Both are prevented and reversed by anti-inflammatory and epigenetic drugs. Findings suggest AIE-increased HMGB1 signaling induces the RE-1 silencing transcript blunting cholinergic gene expression, shifting neuronal phenotype. Inhibition of HMGB1 neuroimmune signaling, histone methylation enzymes, and galantamine, the cholinesterase inhibitor, both prevent and reverse AIE pathology. These findings provide new targets that may reverse AUD neuropathology as well as other brain diseases linked to neuroimmune signaling. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Adolescent underage binge drinking studies find that earlier adolescent drinking is associated with lifelong alcohol problems including high levels of lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD). Preclinical studies find the underage binge drinking adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) model causes lasting changes in adults that increase risks of developing adult alcohol problems. Loss of hippocampal neurogenesis and loss of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons provide examples of how AIE-induced epigenetic and neuroimmune signaling provide novel therapeutic targets for adult AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulton T Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Leon G Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Victoria A Macht
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Ryan P Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies and Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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27
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Carlson ER, Guerin SP, Nixon K, Fonken LK. The neuroimmune system - Where aging and excess alcohol intersect. Alcohol 2023; 107:153-167. [PMID: 36150610 PMCID: PMC10023388 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
As the percentage of the global population over age 65 grows, and with it a subpopulation of individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), understanding the effect of alcohol on the aged brain is of utmost importance. Neuroinflammation is implicated in both natural aging as well as alcohol use, and its role in alterations to brain morphology and function may be exacerbated in aging individuals who drink alcohol to excess. The neuroimmune response to alcohol in aging is complex. The few studies investigating this issue have reported heightened basal activity and either hypo- or hyper-reactivity to an alcohol challenge. This review of preclinical research will first introduce key players of the immune system, then explore changes in neuroimmune function with aging or alcohol alone, with discussion of vulnerable brain regions, changes in cytokines, and varied reactions of microglia and astrocytes. We will then consider different levels of alcohol exposure, relevant animal models of AUD, and neuroimmune activation by alcohol across the lifespan. By identifying key findings, challenges, and targets for future research, we hope to bring more attention and resources to this underexplored area of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika R Carlson
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Steven P Guerin
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Kimberly Nixon
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States
| | - Laura K Fonken
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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28
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Rodríguez Holguín S, Folgueira-Ares R, Crego A, López-Caneda E, Corral M, Cadaveira F, Doallo S. Neurocognitive effects of binge drinking on verbal episodic memory. An ERP study in university students. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1034248. [PMID: 36825155 PMCID: PMC9941344 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1034248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Verbal memory may be affected by engagement in alcohol binge drinking during youth, according to the findings of neuropsychological studies. However, little is known about the dynamics of the neural activity underlying this cognitive process in young, heavy drinkers. Aims: To investigate brain event-related potentials associated with cued recall from episodic memory in binge drinkers and controls. Methods: Seventy first-year university students were classified as binge drinkers (32: 17 female) or controls (38: 18 female). The participants completed a verbal paired associates learning task during electroencephalogram (EEG) recording. ERPs elicited by old and new word pairs were extracted from the cued-recall phase of the task by using Principal Component Analysis. Subjects also performed a standardized neuropsychological verbal learning test. Results: Two of the three event-related potentials components indicating old/new memory effects provided evidence for anomalies associated with binge drinking. The old/new effects were absent in the binge drinkers in the two subsequent posterior components, identified with the late parietal component and the late posterior negativity The late frontal component revealed similar old/new effects in both groups. Binge drinkers showed similar behavioural performance to controls in the verbal paired associates task, but performed poorly in the more demanding short-term cued-recall trial of a neuropsychological standardized test. Conclusion: Event-related potentials elicited during a verbal cued-recall task revealed differences in brain functioning between young binge drinkers and controls that may underlie emergent deficits in episodic memory linked to alcohol abuse. The brain activity of binge drinkers suggests alterations in the hippocampal - posterior parietal cortex circuitry subserving recognition and recollection of the cue context and generation of the solution, in relation to verbal information shallowly memorised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Socorro Rodríguez Holguín
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rocío Folgueira-Ares
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Crego
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory (PNL), Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Gualtar, Portugal
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory (PNL), Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Gualtar, Portugal
| | - Montserrat Corral
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fernando Cadaveira
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sonia Doallo
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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29
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Tetteh-Quarshie S, Risher ML. Adolescent brain maturation and the neuropathological effects of binge drinking: A critical review. Front Neurosci 2023; 16:1040049. [PMID: 36733924 PMCID: PMC9887052 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a transitional stage marked by continued brain development. This period is accompanied by physical and neurochemical modifications in the shape and function of the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and other limbic system structures. Brain maturation during adolescence, which is typically governed by intrinsic factors, can be dramatically altered by environmental influences such as drugs and alcohol. Unlike many other addictive substances, binge drinking is very common and normative among teenagers and young adults. This repeated pattern of excessive alcohol consumption in adolescents has been shown to cause behavioral changes and neurocognitive impairments that include increased anxiety, risky decision-making, and learning deficits, which could lead to the development of alcohol use disorder (AUD). This manuscript highlights factors that lead to adolescent binge drinking, discusses maturational changes that occur in an adolescent's brain, and then evaluates the effect of adolescent alcohol consumption on brain structure, function, and neurocognitive abilities in both human studies and animal models. The impact of gender/sex and COVID-19 are briefly discussed. Understanding the factors that promote the onset of adolescent binge drinking and its undesirable consequences could serve as a catalyst for developing therapeutic agents that would decrease or eradicate the damaging effects of alcohol on an adolescent brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Tetteh-Quarshie
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Mary-Louise Risher
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States,Neurobiology Research Laboratory, Hershel ‘Woody’ Williams Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Huntington, WV, United States,*Correspondence: Mary-Louise Risher,
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30
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Tan H, Hubertus S, Thomas S, Lee AM, Gerhardt S, Gerchen MF, Sommer WH, Kiefer F, Schad L, Vollstädt-Klein S. Association between iron accumulation in the dorsal striatum and compulsive drinking in alcohol use disorder. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:249-257. [PMID: 36577866 PMCID: PMC9879829 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-022-06301-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Brain iron accumulation has been observed in neuropsychiatric disorders and shown to be related to neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVES In this study, we used quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), an emerging MRI technique developed for quantifying tissue magnetic susceptibility, to examine brain iron accumulation in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and its relation to compulsive drinking. METHODS Based on our previous projects, QSM was performed as a secondary analysis with gradient echo sequence images, in 186 individuals with AUD and 274 healthy participants. Whole-brain susceptibility values were calculated with morphology-enabled dipole inversion and referenced to the cerebrospinal fluid. Then, the susceptibility maps were compared between AUD individuals and healthy participants. The relationship between drinking patterns and susceptibility was explored. RESULTS Whole-brain analyses showed that the susceptibility in the dorsal striatum (putamen and caudate) among AUD individuals was higher than healthy participants and was positively related to the Obsessive Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS) scores and the amount of drinking in the past three months. CONCLUSIONS Increased susceptibility suggests higher iron accumulation in the dorsal striatum in AUD. This surrogate for the brain iron level was linearly associated with the compulsive drinking pattern and the recent amount of drinking, which provides us a new clinical perspective in relation to brain iron accumulation, and also might indicate an association of AUD with neuroinflammation as a consequence of brain iron accumulation. The iron accumulation in the striatum is further relevant for functional imaging studies in AUD by potentially producing signal dropout and artefacts in fMRI images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoye Tan
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Simon Hubertus
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thomas
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Alycia M. Lee
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Gerhardt
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Fungisai Gerchen
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Clinical Psychology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,grid.455092.fBernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Heidelberg/Mannheim, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Psychology, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Sommer
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Institute of Psychopharmacology, Central Institute of Mental Health, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,Bethania Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Falk Kiefer
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Feuerlein Center on Translational Addiction Medicine, Heidelberg University, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lothar Schad
- grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sabine Vollstädt-Klein
- Department of Addictive Behaviour and Addiction Medicine, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany. .,Mannheim Center for Translational Neurosciences (MCTN), Medical Faculty of Mannheim, Heidelberg University, 68159, Mannheim, Germany.
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Martín-González C, Godoy-Reyes AM, Abreu-González P, Fernández-Rodríguez CM, Martín-Ponce E, Sánchez-Pérez MJ, Alvisa-Negrín JC, Rodríguez-Gaspar M, González-Reimers E. Sclerostin, vascular risk factors, and brain atrophy in excessive drinkers. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1084756. [PMID: 36895513 PMCID: PMC9989031 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1084756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Heavy alcohol consumption causes several organic complications, including vessel wall calcification. Vascular damage may be involved in the development of brain atrophy and cognitive impairment. Recently, sclerostin (whose levels may be altered in alcoholics) has emerged as a major vascular risk factor. The objective of the present study is to analyze the prevalence of vascular calcifications in alcoholics, and the relationships of these lesions with brain atrophy, as well as the role of sclerostin on these alterations. Patients and methods A total of 299 heavy drinkers and 32 controls were included. Patients underwent cranial computed tomography, and several indices related to brain atrophy were calculated. In addition, patients and controls underwent plain radiography and were evaluated for the presence or absence of vascular calcium deposits, cardiovascular risk factors, liver function, alcohol intake, serum sclerostin, and routine laboratory variables. Results A total of 145 (48.47%) patients showed vascular calcium deposits, a proportion significantly higher than that observed in controls (χ2 = 16.31; p < 0.001). Vascular calcium deposits were associated with age (t = 6.57; p < 0.001), hypertension (t = 5.49; p < 0.001), daily ethanol ingestion (Z = 2.18; p = 0.029), duration of alcohol consumption (Z = 3.03; p = 0.002), obesity (χ2 = 4.65; p = 0.031), total cholesterol (Z = 2.04; p = 0.041), triglycerides (Z = 2.05; p = 0.04), and sclerostin levels (Z = 2.64; p = 0.008). Calcium deposits were significantly related to Bifrontal index (Z = 2.20; p = 0.028) and Evans index (Z = 2.25; p = 0.025). Serum sclerostin levels were related to subcortical brain atrophy, assessed by cella media index (Z = 2.43; p = 0.015) and Huckmann index (ρ = 0.204; p = 0.024). Logistic regression analyses disclosed that sclerostin was the only variable independently related to brain atrophy assessed by altered cella media index. Sclerostin was also related to the presence of vascular calcifications, although this relationship was displaced by age if this variable was also included. Conclusion Prevalence of vascular calcification in alcoholics is very high. Vascular calcium deposits are related to brain atrophy. Serum sclerostin is strongly related to brain shrinkage and also shows a significant relationship with vascular calcifications, only displaced by advanced age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candelaria Martín-González
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ana María Godoy-Reyes
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Pedro Abreu-González
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Básicas, Unidad de Fisiología, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Camino María Fernández-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Esther Martín-Ponce
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - María José Sánchez-Pérez
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Julio César Alvisa-Negrín
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Melchor Rodríguez-Gaspar
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Emilio González-Reimers
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Laguna, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Canarias, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
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Huang S, White DR, Marinkovic K. Alterations of theta power and synchrony during encoding in young adult binge drinkers: Subsequent memory effects associated with retrieval after 48 h and 6 months. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1061016. [PMID: 36591031 PMCID: PMC9798430 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1061016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Young emerging adults commonly engage in binge drinking which is associated with a range of neurocognitive deficits, including memory impairments. However, evidence on neural oscillations mediating episodic memory in this population is lacking. To address this gap, we recorded theta oscillatory activity in young binge (BDs) and light drinkers (LDs) during memory encoding and analyzed it prospectively as a function of subsequent retrieval. Theta underlies successful encoding of novel items in memory through corticolimbic integration. Subsequent memory effects (SMEs) are reflected in stronger theta activity during encoding of the items that are later remembered compared to those that are later forgotten. Methods In the present study, 23 BDs (age: 23.3 ± 3.3) and 24 LDs (age: 23.4 ± 3.3) rated emotionally evocative images with negative, positive, and neutral themes during implicit encoding. They performed a recognition memory task on two follow-up occasions after a short (48 h), and long retention delay (6 months). Electroencephalography (EEG) signal was recorded during the encoding session and analyzed in time-frequency domain with Morlet wavelets in theta band (4-7 Hz). To evaluate SMEs, the event-related theta oscillations acquired during encoding were analyzed based on recognition outcomes after the two retention intervals. Results The BD and LD groups did not differ on recognition memory. However, BDs showed attenuated event-related theta power during encoding of images that were successfully retained after 6 months compared to LDs. In addition, theta synchronous activity between frontal and left posterior regions during encoding successfully predicted recognition of the images after both retention delays in LDs but not in BDs. These SMEs on theta power and synchrony correlated negatively with high-intensity drinking in the previous 6 months. No differences between men and women were observed for any analysis. Discussion It has been well established that long-range neural synchrony between cortical and limbic nodes underlies successful memory encoding and retention which, in turn, depends on neural excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance. Given that binge drinking is associated with E/I dysregulation, the observed SME deficiencies are consistent with other evidence of neural hyperexcitability in BDs, and may be indicative of increased risk of developing alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Huang
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - David R. White
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ksenija Marinkovic
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Laboratory, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, United States,Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego CA, United States,*Correspondence: Ksenija Marinkovic,
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Anand SK, Ahmad MH, Sahu MR, Subba R, Mondal AC. Detrimental Effects of Alcohol-Induced Inflammation on Brain Health: From Neurogenesis to Neurodegeneration. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022:10.1007/s10571-022-01308-2. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-022-01308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Xu D, Zhao M. Theragra chalcogramma Hydrolysates, Rich of Fragment Gly-Leu-Pro-Ser-Tyr-Thr, Ameliorate Alcohol-Induced Cognitive Impairment via Attenuating Neuroinflammation and Enhancing Neuronal Plasticity in Sprague-Dawley Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:12513-12524. [PMID: 36162996 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol abuse induces the cognitive deficits and is associated with low-grade inflammation and neurodegeneration. Currently, by virtue of the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, nutrients represent a promising strategy to attenuate cognitive impairments. We previously prepared the hydrolysates from Theragra chalcogramma skin (TCH), and this study aims to evaluate the neuroprotection of TCH on alcohol-induced cognitive impairment (AICI) and to elucidate the associated mechanism. Behavioral results showed that TCH effectively ameliorated AICI and this amelioration was highly associated with the decrease of IL-1β and the increase of BDNF, CREB, and PSD95 in AICI rats (P < 0.05). Furthermore, TCH restored the histopathological impairment in hippocampus by reactivating extracellular signal-regulated kinase and suppressing Caspase-3 apoptosis signal pathways and modulating the abnormality of neurotransmitters acetylcholine and γ-aminobutyric acid(P < 0.05 or 0.01). Therefore, TCH exhibits potent attenuation of neuroinflammation and represents a potential ingredient for prevention of AICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University; Guangdong Provincial Key Labora-tory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province 524088, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Synergistic effect of mild traumatic brain injury and alcohol aggravates neuroinflammation, amyloidogenesis, tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and blood-brain barrier alterations: Impact on psychological stress. Exp Neurol 2022; 358:114222. [PMID: 36089059 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
After a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), victims often experience emotional/psychological stress such as heightened irritability, anxiety, apathy, and depression. Severe mental health complications are common in military populations following a combat-acquired TBI and intensified unhealthy alcohol use. The high prevalence of alcohol abuse among TBI victims underscores how alcohol abuse exacerbates emotional/psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. The experimental mTBI was induced in vivo by fluid percussion injury (15 psi) in mice and ethanol diet feeding continued for 28 days. We analyzed different biomarkers of the biochemical mechanisms and pathophysiology of neurological damage, and functional outcome of psychological stress by sucrose preference, and light-dark tests. We demonstrated that the synergistic effect of TBI and alcohol leads to psychological stress such as depression and anxiety. The studies showed that oxidative stress, amyloidogenesis, tau pathology, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration markers were elevated, and glial activation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage were exacerbated during the synergistic effect of TBI and alcohol. Further, we studied the biochemical mechanisms of psychological stress that showed the significant reduction of 5-HT1AR, neuropeptide-Y, and norepinephrine, and an increase in monoamine oxidase-a in the combined effect of TBI and alcohol. This work suggested that the combined TBI and alcohol-induced effect leads to depression and anxiety, via sequential biochemical changes that cause neuroinflammation, amyloidogenesis, tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and BBB alterations. This clinically relevant study will contribute to developing a comprehensive therapeutic approach for patients suffering from TBI and alcohol-mediated neurological damage and psychological stress.
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Li T, Shi H, Zhao Y. Acetaldehyde induces tau phosphorylation via activation of p38 MAPK/JNK and ROS production. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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37
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Bigdelou B, Sepand MR, Najafikhoshnoo S, Negrete JAT, Sharaf M, Ho JQ, Sullivan I, Chauhan P, Etter M, Shekarian T, Liang O, Hutter G, Esfandiarpour R, Zanganeh S. COVID-19 and Preexisting Comorbidities: Risks, Synergies, and Clinical Outcomes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:890517. [PMID: 35711466 PMCID: PMC9196863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its associated symptoms, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have rapidly spread worldwide, resulting in the declaration of a pandemic. When several countries began enacting quarantine and lockdown policies, the pandemic as it is now known truly began. While most patients have minimal symptoms, approximately 20% of verified subjects are suffering from serious medical consequences. Co-existing diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and others, have been shown to make patients more vulnerable to severe outcomes from COVID-19 by modulating host-viral interactions and immune responses, causing severe infection and mortality. In this review, we outline the putative signaling pathways at the interface of COVID-19 and several diseases, emphasizing the clinical and molecular implications of concurring diseases in COVID-19 clinical outcomes. As evidence is limited on co-existing diseases and COVID-19, most findings are preliminary, and further research is required for optimal management of patients with comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsheh Bigdelou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
| | - Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
| | - Sahar Najafikhoshnoo
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Laboratory for Integrated Nano Bio Electronics Innovation, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jorge Alfonso Tavares Negrete
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Laboratory for Integrated Nano Bio Electronics Innovation, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Mohammed Sharaf
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jim Q Ho
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ian Sullivan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
| | - Prashant Chauhan
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre Czech Academy of Science, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Manina Etter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tala Shekarian
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olin Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Gregor Hutter
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rahim Esfandiarpour
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Laboratory for Integrated Nano Bio Electronics Innovation, The Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Steven Zanganeh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, MA, United States
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Zou J, Walter TJ, Barnett A, Rohlman A, Crews FT, Coleman LG. Ethanol Induces Secretion of Proinflammatory Extracellular Vesicles That Inhibit Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Through G9a/GLP-Epigenetic Signaling. Front Immunol 2022; 13:866073. [PMID: 35634322 PMCID: PMC9136051 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.866073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is involved in learning and memory as well as regulation of mood. Binge ethanol reduces AHN, though the mechanism is unknown. Microglia in the neurogenic niche are important regulators of AHN, and ethanol promotes proinflammatory microglia activation. We recently reported that extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate ethanol-induced inflammatory signaling in microglia. Therefore, we investigated the role of EVs in ethanol-induced loss of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. At rest, microglia promoted neurogenesis through the secretion of pro-neurogenic extracellular vesicles (pn-EVs). Depletion of microglia using colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSFR1) inhibition in vivo or using ex vivo organotypic brain slice cultures (OBSCs) caused a 30% and 56% loss of neurogenesis in the dentate, respectively, as measured by immunohistochemistry for doublecortin (DCX). Likewise, chemogenetic inhibition of microglia using a CD68.hM4di construct caused a 77% loss in OBSC, indicating a pro-neurogenic resting microglial phenotype. EVs from control OBSC were pro-neurogenic (pn-EVs), enhancing neurogenesis when transferred to other naive OBSC and restoring neurogenesis in microglia-depleted cultures. Ethanol inhibited neurogenesis and caused secretion of proinflammatory EVs (EtOH-EVs). EtOH-EVs reduced hippocampal neurogenesis in naïve OBSC by levels similar to ethanol. Neurogenesis involves complex regulation of chromatin structure that could involve EV signaling. Accordingly, EtOH-EVs were found to be enriched with mRNA for the euchromatin histone lysine methyltransferase (Ehm2t/G9a), an enzyme that reduces chromatin accessibility through histone-3 lysine-9 di-methylation (H3K9me2). EtOH-EVs induced G9a and H3K9me2 by 2-fold relative to pn-EVs in naïve OBSCs. Pharmacological inhibition of G9a with either BIX-01294 or UNC0642 prevented loss of neurogenesis caused by both EtOH and EtOH-EVs. Thus, this work finds that proinflammatory EtOH-EVs promote the loss of adult hippocampal neurogenesis through G9a-mediated epigenetic modification of chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zou
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - T. Jordan Walter
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Alexandra Barnett
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Aaron Rohlman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Leon G. Coleman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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NADPH oxidase-induced activation of transforming growth factor-beta-1 causes neuropathy by suppressing antioxidant signaling pathways in alcohol use disorder. Neuropharmacology 2022; 213:109136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wen W, Li H, Luo J. Potential Role of MANF, an ER Stress Responsive Neurotrophic Factor, in Protecting Against Alcohol Neurotoxicity. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2992-3015. [PMID: 35254650 PMCID: PMC10928853 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol exposure during pregnancy is harmful to the fetus and causes a wide range of long-lasting physiological and neurocognitive impairments, collectively referred to as fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The neurobehavioral deficits observed in FASD result from structural and functional damages in the brain, with neurodegeneration being the most destructive consequence. Currently, there are no therapies for FASD. It is exigent to delineate the underlying mechanisms of alcohol neurotoxicity and develop an effective strategy of treatment. ER stress, caused by the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins in the ER, is the hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases, including alcohol-induced neurodegeneration. Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a newly discovered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responsive neurotrophic factor that regulates diverse neuronal functions. This review summarizes the recent findings revealing the effects of MANF on the CNS and its protective role against neurodegeneration. Particularly, we focus the role of MANF on alcohol-induced ER stress and neurodegeneration and discuss the therapeutic potential of MANF in treating alcohol neurotoxicity such as FASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jia Luo
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Iowa City VA Health Care System, Iowa City, IA, 52246, USA.
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A review on neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress and mitochondria. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2022. [DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v6ns1.6130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological diseases afflict people of all ages. Neuronal loss and cognitive dysfunction are common symptoms of these disorders. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species has been demonstrated to aggravate disease progression in previous investigations (ROS). Because of the large quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their membranes and their fast oxygen consumption rate, neurons are especially susceptible to oxidative damage. The molecular aetiology of neurodegeneration produced by changes in redox balance has not yet been established. New antioxidants have shown considerable potential in modifying disease characteristics. For the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative illnesses such as Parkinson's disease, ALS and spinocerebellar ataxia and Huntington's disease, antioxidant-based therapies are examined extensively in the literature.
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Sun N, Zhu B, Xin J, Li L, Gan B, Cao X, Fang J, Pan K, Jing B, Zeng Y, Lv C, Zhao L, Zeng D, Xu P, Wang H, Ni X. Psychoactive Effects of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 on Preventing Memory Dysfunction Induced by Acute Ethanol Exposure Through Modulating Intestinal Microenvironment and Improving Alcohol Metabolic Level. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:847468. [PMID: 35432260 PMCID: PMC9011001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.847468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The negative effects of ethanol (EtOH) abuse on the body have been widely reported in recent years. Building on the microbiota-gut-brain axis hypothesis, our study aimed to demonstrate the potential psychobiotic role of Lactobacillus johnsonii BS15 in the preventive effects of acute EtOH intake on memory impairment. We also determined whether L. johnsonii BS15 intake could effectively improve resistance to acute drinking and alleviate the adverse effects of EtOH. Male mice were fed L. johnsonii BS15 orally with (Probiotic group) or without (Control and Alcohol groups) daily dose of 0.2 × 109 CFU/ml per mouse for 28 days. Gavage with L. johnsonii BS15 significantly modified the ileal microbial ecosystem (assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing) in favor of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus, indicating the ability of BS15 to restore the gut microbiota. The acute EtOH exposure model (7 g/kg EtOH per mice) was established by gavage, which was administered to the alcohol and probiotic groups on day 28 of the experiment. The L. johnsonii BS15 intake effectively reduced alcohol unconsciousness time, blood alcohol concentration, and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. Meanwhile, the improvement of ethanol resistance time and the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in the liver were shown by BS15 in acute alcohol-induced mice. We found that acute EtOH exposure reduced the exploration ratio (assessed by the novel object recognition test), escape latency, number of errors (assessed by passive avoidance test), and spontaneous exploration (assessed by T-maze test) in mice, which were obviously improved by L. johnsonii BS15. In the hippocampus, L. johnsonii BS15 significantly reversed the decrease in antioxidant capacity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) and mRNA expression of memory-related functional proteins of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cyclic ampresponse element binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampal tissue after acute EtOH exposure. In conclusion, L. johnsonii BS15 intake appears as a promising psychoactive therapy to ameliorate alcohol-mediated memory impairment by increasing EtOH metabolic levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, The School of Life Sciences and Technology, Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxin Li
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baoxing Gan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xi Cao
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, The School of Life Sciences and Technology, Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- Guangzhou Beneco Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Rudge JD. A New Hypothesis for Alzheimer’s Disease: The Lipid Invasion Model. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2022; 6:129-161. [PMID: 35530118 PMCID: PMC9028744 DOI: 10.3233/adr-210299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a new hypothesis for Alzheimer’s disease (AD)—the lipid invasion model. It argues that AD results from external influx of free fatty acids (FFAs) and lipid-rich lipoproteins into the brain, following disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The lipid invasion model explains how the influx of albumin-bound FFAs via a disrupted BBB induces bioenergetic changes and oxidative stress, stimulates microglia-driven neuroinflammation, and causes anterograde amnesia. It also explains how the influx of external lipoproteins, which are much larger and more lipid-rich, especially more cholesterol-rich, than those normally present in the brain, causes endosomal-lysosomal abnormalities and overproduction of the peptide amyloid-β (Aβ). This leads to the formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, the most well-known hallmarks of AD. The lipid invasion model argues that a key role of the BBB is protecting the brain from external lipid access. It shows how the BBB can be damaged by excess Aβ, as well as by most other known risk factors for AD, including aging, apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), and lifestyle factors such as hypertension, smoking, obesity, diabetes, chronic sleep deprivation, stress, and head injury. The lipid invasion model gives a new rationale for what we already know about AD, explaining its many associated risk factors and neuropathologies, including some that are less well-accounted for in other explanations of AD. It offers new insights and suggests new ways to prevent, detect, and treat this destructive disease and potentially other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D’Arcy Rudge
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom
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Olsen CM, Corrigan JD. Does Traumatic Brain Injury Cause Risky Substance Use or Substance Use Disorder? Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:421-437. [PMID: 34561027 PMCID: PMC8776913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is a high co-occurrence of risky substance use among adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI), although it is unknown if the neurologic sequelae of TBI can promote this behavior. We propose that to conclude that TBI can cause risky substance use, it must be determined that TBI precedes risky substance use, that confounders with the potential to increase the likelihood of both TBI and risky substance use must be ruled out, and that there must be a plausible mechanism of action. In this review, we address these factors by providing an overview of key clinical and preclinical studies and list plausible mechanisms by which TBI could increase risky substance use. Human and animal studies have identified an association between TBI and risky substance use, although the strength of this association varies. Factors that may limit detection of this relationship include differential variability due to substance, sex, age of injury, and confounders that may influence the likelihood of both TBI and risky substance use. We propose possible mechanisms by which TBI could increase substance use that include damage-associated neuroplasticity, chronic changes in neuroimmune signaling, and TBI-associated alterations in brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Olsen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - John D Corrigan
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Amirshahrokhi K, Niapour A. Methylsulfonylmethane protects against ethanol-induced brain injury in mice through the inhibition of oxidative stress, proinflammatory mediators and apoptotic cell death. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 106:108638. [PMID: 35203043 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Excessive ethanol consumption causes brain injury through oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptotic cell death. Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) is a natural compound that has therapeutic effects on oxidative and inflammatory disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of MSM on ethanol-induced brain injury in an experimental model. Male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to binge ethanol (5 g/kg/day, orally) and treated with MSM (200 and 400 mg/kg/day) concomitantly for 12 days. At the end of the experiment brain tissues were removed for histological and biochemical analysis. The results showed that MSM reduced ethanol-mediated oxidative stress by decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl protein. The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and the levels of cytoprotective antioxidants superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione (GSH) were increased by MSM in the brain tissue. MSM treatment reduced the ethanol-induced inflammatory factors including myeloperoxidase (MPO), iNOS/NO, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), NLRP3 inflammasome and proinflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and MCP-1. MSM also decreased the levels of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and TUNEL positive cells while increased the level of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in the brain tissue. Our findings demonstrated that MSM protects against ethanol-induced brain injury by improving anti-oxidant defense mechanism and reducing ethanol-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Therefore, MSM may be a potential protective approach for brain damage caused by high levels of alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyvan Amirshahrokhi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Ali Niapour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Dennis EL, Taylor BA, Newsome MR, Troyanskaya M, Abildskov TJ, Betts AM, Bigler ED, Cole J, Davenport N, Duncan T, Gill J, Guedes V, Hinds SR, Hovenden ES, Kenney K, Pugh MJ, Scheibel RS, Shahim PP, Shih R, Walker WC, Werner JK, York GE, Cifu DX, Tate DF, Wilde EA. Advanced brain age in deployment-related traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC neuroimaging study. Brain Inj 2022; 36:662-672. [PMID: 35125044 PMCID: PMC9187589 DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2022.2033844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with advanced or accelerated brain aging among the United States (US) military Service Members and Veterans. METHODS Eight hundred and twenty-two participants (mean age = 40.4 years, 714 male/108 female) underwent MRI sessions at eight sites across the US. Two hundred and one participants completed a follow-up scan between five months and four years later. Predicted brain ages were calculated using T1-weighted MRIs and then compared with chronological ages to generate an Age Deviation Score for cross-sectional analyses and an Interval Deviation Score for longitudinal analyses. Participants also completed a neuropsychological battery, including measures of both cognitive functioning and psychological health. RESULT In cross-sectional analyses, males with a history of deployment-related mTBI showed advanced brain age compared to those without (t(884) = 2.1, p = .038), while this association was not significant in females. In follow-up analyses of the male participants, severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression symptoms, and alcohol misuse were also associated with advanced brain age. CONCLUSION History of deployment-related mTBI, severity of PTSD and depression symptoms, and alcohol misuse are associated with advanced brain aging in male US military Service Members and Veterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Dennis
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Brian A Taylor
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Mary R Newsome
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, USA
- H. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Maya Troyanskaya
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, USA
- H. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Tracy J Abildskov
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Aaron M Betts
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | - Erin D Bigler
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, USA
| | - James Cole
- Dementia Research Centre, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Davenport
- Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | - Jessica Gill
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine (CNRM), UniFormed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | - Vivian Guedes
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, USA
| | - Sidney R Hinds
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | - Elizabeth S Hovenden
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Kimbra Kenney
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, USA
| | - Mary Jo Pugh
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- Information Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center, VA Salt Lake City, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Randall S Scheibel
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, USA
- H. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Pashtun-Poh Shahim
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Robert Shih
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | - William C Walker
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA
| | - J. Kent Werner
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, USA
| | | | - David X Cifu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, USA
| | - David F Tate
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Elisabeth A Wilde
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, USA
- H. Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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Kirsch DE, Lippard ET. Early life stress and substance use disorders: The critical role of adolescent substance use. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2022; 215:173360. [PMID: 35219756 PMCID: PMC8983562 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2022.173360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) is a well-established risk factor for many psychiatric and medical disorders, including substance use disorders (SUDs). The relationship between ELS and SUDs is complex and there are likely multiple pathways from ELS to adverse substance use outcomes. The association between ELS and substance use emerges in adolescence. Adolescence is a critical period in development during which substance exposure markedly increases risk for SUDs. Therefore, this review focuses on the literature supporting the hypothesis that ELS increases risk for the development of SUDs through its influence on adolescent substance use. We discuss studies substantiating the role of ELS in adolescent substance use and explore how internalizing and externalizing psychopathology may be antecedents of substance use in adolescence. We examine clinical work suggesting ELS sculpts the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and developing brain-particularly subcortical brain regions that underlie stress response, mesocorticolimbic brain systems associated with reward sensitivity, and prefrontal regions that underlie executive control-in a way that increases risk for adolescent substance use and SUDs. We further explore how substance use during adolescence alters structure and function of these same systems, and how brain changes following ELS and adolescent substance use may independently, additively, or interactively contribute to risk for addiction. We conclude by discussing how the current literature can inform interventions aimed at reducing risk for SUDs in individuals with a history of ELS.
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Spindler C, Mallien L, Trautmann S, Alexander N, Muehlhan M. A coordinate-based meta-analysis of white matter alterations in patients with alcohol use disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:40. [PMID: 35087021 PMCID: PMC8795454 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01809-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Besides the commonly described gray matter (GM) deficits, there is growing evidence of significant white matter (WM) alterations in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). WM changes can be assessed using volumetric and diffusive magnetic resonance imaging methods, such as voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). The aim of the present meta-analysis is to investigate the spatial convergence of the reported findings on WM alterations in AUD. METHODS Systematic literature search on PubMed and further databases revealed 18 studies eligible for inclusion, entailing a total of 462 AUD patients and 416 healthy controls (up to January 18, 2021). All studies that had used either VBM or DTI whole-brain analyzing methods and reported results as peak-coordinates in standard reference space were considered for inclusion. We excluded studies using approaches non-concordant with recent guidelines for neuroimaging meta-analyses and studies investigating patient groups with Korsakoff syndrome or other comorbid substance use disorders (except tobacco). RESULTS Anatomical likelihood estimation (ALE) revealed four significant clusters of convergent macro- and microstructural WM alterations in AUD patients that were assigned to the genu and body of the corpus callosum, anterior and posterior cingulum, fornix, and the right posterior limb of the internal capsule. DISCUSSION The changes in WM could to some extent explain the deteriorations in motor, cognitive, affective, and perceptual functions seen in AUD. Future studies are needed to clarify how WM alterations vary over the course of the disorder and to what extent they are reversible with prolonged abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Spindler
- grid.461732.5Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.461732.5ICAN Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Louisa Mallien
- grid.461732.5Department of Human Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Trautmann
- grid.461732.5Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.461732.5ICPP Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nina Alexander
- grid.461732.5Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps University Marburg, Rudolf-Bultmann-Str. 8, 35039 Marburg, Germany ,grid.10253.350000 0004 1936 9756Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior, Philipps University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Muehlhan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany. .,ICAN Institute for Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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Galkin S, Tkacheva G, Oshkina T, Bokhan N. Cerebral hemodynamics and executive functioning in patients with alcohol use disorders. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2022; 122:104-109. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2022122091104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Xu D, Zhao M. Walnut protein hydrolysates ameliorate alcohol-induced cognitive impairment (AICI) by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain and improving hippocampal synaptic plasticity in Sprague–Dawley rats. Food Funct 2022; 13:11615-11626. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01709a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Walnut protein hydrolysate (WPH) ameliorates Alcohol-induced cognitive impairment (AICI) via alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation in brain tissue and improving the hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province 524088, China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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