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Chieti MG, Petrucciani A, Mollo L, Gerotto C, Eusebi AL, Fatone F, Norici A, González-Camejo J. Acclimated green microalgae consortium to treat sewage in an alternative urban WWTP in a coastal area of Central Italy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174056. [PMID: 38901581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
This study exposed a microalgal consortium formed by Auxenochlorella protothecoides, Tetradesmus obliquus, and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to six mixed wastewater media containing different proportions of primary (P) or secondary (S) effluents diluted in centrate (C). Algae could grow at centrate concentrations up to 50 %, showing no significant differences between effluents. After acclimation, microalgae cultivated in 50%P-50%C and 50%S-50%C grew at a rate similar to that of control cultures (0.59-0.66 d-1). These results suggest that the consortium acclimated to both sewage streams by modulating the proportion of the species and their metabolism. Acclimation also altered the photosynthetic activity of wastewater-grown samples compared to the control, probably due to partial photoinhibition, changes in consortium composition, and changes in metabolic activity. No major differences were observed between the two streams with respect to biochemical composition, biomass yield, or bioremediation capacity of the cultivated algae but algae grown in the secondary effluent showed qualitatively higher exopolysaccharides (EPS) production than algae grown in primary. Regarding wastewater remediation, microalgae grown in both WW media showed proficient nutrient removal efficiencies (close to 100 %); however, the final pH value (close to 11) would be controversial if the system were upscaled as it is over the legal limit and would cause phosphorus precipitation, so that CO2 addition would be required. The theoretical scale-up of the microalgae system could achieve water treatment costs of 0.109 €·m-3, which was significantly lower than the costs of typical activated sludge systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Chieti
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; DICAr, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Architettura, Facoltà di Ingegneria - Università di Catania, Catania (CT), Italy
| | - A Petrucciani
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | - L Mollo
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - C Gerotto
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - A L Eusebi
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - F Fatone
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - A Norici
- Laboratory of Algal and Plant Physiology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - J González-Camejo
- SIMAU, Dipartimento di Scienza e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Xia Y, Lalande J, Badeck FW, Girardin C, Bathellier C, Gleixner G, Werner RA, Ghiasi S, Faucon M, Cosnier K, Fresneau C, Tcherkez G, Ghashghaie J. Nitrogen nutrition effects on δ 13C of plant respired CO 2 are mostly caused by concurrent changes in organic acid utilisation and remobilisation. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39219416 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) nutrition impacts on primary carbon metabolism and can lead to changes in δ13C of respired CO2. However, uncertainty remains as to whether (1) the effect of N nutrition is observed in all species, (2) N source also impacts on respired CO2 in roots and (3) a metabolic model can be constructed to predict δ13C of respired CO2 under different N sources. Here, we carried out isotopic measurements of respired CO2 and various metabolites using two species (spinach, French bean) grown under different NH4 +:NO3 - ratios. Both species showed a similar pattern, with a progressive 13C-depletion in leaf-respired CO2 as the ammonium proportion increased, while δ13C in root-respired CO2 showed little change. Supervised multivariate analysis showed that δ13C of respired CO2 was mostly determined by organic acid (malate, citrate) metabolism, in both leaves and roots. We then took advantage of nonstationary, two-pool modelling that explained 73% of variance in δ13C in respired CO2. It demonstrates the critical role of the balance between the utilisation of respiratory intermediates and the remobilisation of stored organic acids, regardless of anaplerotic bicarbonate fixation by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and the organ considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Collage of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Julie Lalande
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, UMR 1345, Université d'Angers, SFR Quasav, Beaucouzé, France
| | - Franz-W Badeck
- Research centre for Genomics & Bioinformatics (CREA- GB), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Italy
| | - Cyril Girardin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, UMR 1402 ECOSYS, Campus Agro Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France
| | | | - Gerd Gleixner
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Roland A Werner
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Shiva Ghiasi
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department Agroecology and Environment, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mélodie Faucon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Karen Cosnier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Chantal Fresneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Guillaume Tcherkez
- Institut de recherche en horticulture et semences, UMR 1345, Université d'Angers, SFR Quasav, Beaucouzé, France
- Research school of biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jaleh Ghashghaie
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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3
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Dong K, Ye Z, Hu F, Shan C, Wen D, Cao J. Improvement of plant quality by amino acid transporters: A comprehensive review. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109084. [PMID: 39217823 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Amino acids serve as the primary means of transport and organic nitrogen carrier in plants, playing an essential role in plant growth and development. Amino acid transporters (AATs) facilitate the movement of amino acids within plants and have been identified and characterised in a number of species. It has been demonstrated that these amino acid transporters exert an influence on the quality attributes of plants, in addition to their primary function of transporting amino acid transport. This paper presents a summary of the role of AATs in plant quality improvement. This encompasses the enhancement of nitrogen utilization efficiency, root development, tiller number and fruit yield. Concurrently, AATs can bolster the resilience of plants to pests, diseases and abiotic stresses, thereby further enhancing the yield and quality of fruit. AATs exhibit a wide range of substrate specificity, which greatly optimizes the use of pesticides and significantly reduces pesticide residues, and reduces the risk of environmental pollution while increasing the safety of fruit. The discovery of AATs function provides new ideas and ways to cultivate high-quality crop and promote changes in agricultural development, and has great potential in the application of plant quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziyi Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaofan Shan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyu Wen
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Hu CC, Liu XY, Driscoll AW, Kuang YW, Brookshire ENJ, Lü XT, Chen CJ, Song W, Mao R, Liu CQ, Houlton BZ. Global distribution and drivers of relative contributions among soil nitrogen sources to terrestrial plants. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6407. [PMID: 39079989 PMCID: PMC11289379 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50674-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil extractable nitrate, ammonium, and organic nitrogen (N) are essential N sources supporting primary productivity and regulating species composition of terrestrial plants. However, it remains unclear how plants utilize these N sources and how surface-earth environments regulate plant N utilization. Here, we establish a framework to analyze observational data of natural N isotopes in plants and soils globally, we quantify fractional contributions of soil nitrate (fNO3-), ammonium (fNH4+), and organic N (fEON) to plant-used N in soils. We find that mean annual temperature (MAT), not mean annual precipitation or atmospheric N deposition, regulates global variations of fNO3-, fNH4+, and fEON. The fNO3- increases with MAT, reaching 46% at 28.5 °C. The fNH4+ also increases with MAT, achieving a maximum of 46% at 14.4 °C, showing a decline as temperatures further increase. Meanwhile, the fEON gradually decreases with MAT, stabilizing at about 20% when the MAT exceeds 15 °C. These results clarify global plant N-use patterns and reveal temperature rather than human N loading as a key regulator, which should be considered in evaluating influences of global changes on terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chen Hu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Yan Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Avery W Driscoll
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Yuan-Wen Kuang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - E N Jack Brookshire
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Xiao-Tao Lü
- Erguna Forest-Steppe Ecotone Research Station, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Chong-Juan Chen
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Mao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Benjamin Z Houlton
- Department of Global Development and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Sell M, Rohula-Okunev G, Kupper P, Ostonen I. Adapting to climate change: responses of fine root traits and C exudation in five tree species with different light-use strategy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1389569. [PMID: 39086915 PMCID: PMC11289846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1389569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Trees that are categorised by their light requirements have similarities in their growth strategies and adaptation mechanisms. We aimed to understand the complex responses of elevated air humidity on whole tree fine root carbon (C) exudation (ExC) and respiration rate, morphology, and functional distribution in species with different light requirements. Three light-demanding (LD) species, Populus × wettsteinii, Betula pendula, and Pinus sylvestris, and two shade-tolerant species, Picea abies and Tilia cordata saplings were grown in growth chambers under moderate and elevated air relative humidity (eRH) at two different inorganic nitrogen sources with constant air temperature and light availability. The proportion of assimilated carbon released by ExC, and respiration decreased at eRH; up to about 3 and 27%, respectively. There was an indication of a trade-off between fine root released C and biomass allocation. The elevated air humidity changed the tree biomass allocation and fine root morphology, and the responses were species-specific. The specific fine root area and absorptive root proportion were positively related to canopy net photosynthesis and leaf nitrogen concentration across tree species. The variation in ExC was explained by the trees' light-use strategy (p < 0.05), showing higher exudation rates in LD species. The LD species had a higher proportion of pioneer root tips, which related to the enhanced ExC. Our findings highlight the significant role of fine root functional distribution and morphological adaptation in determining rhizosphere C fluxes in changing environmental conditions such as the predicted increase of air humidity in higher latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marili Sell
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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da Silva RC, Oliveira HC, Igamberdiev AU, Stasolla C, Gaspar M. Interplay between nitric oxide and inorganic nitrogen sources in root development and abiotic stress responses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 297:154241. [PMID: 38640547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plants, and the sources from which it is obtained can differently affect their entire development as well as stress responses. Distinct inorganic N sources (nitrate and ammonium) can lead to fluctuations in the nitric oxide (NO) levels and thus interfere with nitric oxide (NO)-mediated responses. These could lead to changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, hormone synthesis and signaling, and post-translational modifications of key proteins. As the consensus suggests that NO is primarily synthesized in the reductive pathways involving nitrate and nitrite reduction, it is expected that plants grown in a nitrate-enriched environment will produce more NO than those exposed to ammonium. Although the interplay between NO and different N sources in plants has been investigated, there are still many unanswered questions that require further elucidation. By building on previous knowledge regarding NO and N nutrition, this review expands the field by examining in more detail how NO responses are influenced by different N sources, focusing mainly on root development and abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Caetano da Silva
- Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Institute of Environmental Research, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil
| | - Halley Caixeta Oliveira
- Department of Animal and Plant Biology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Abir U Igamberdiev
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Claudio Stasolla
- Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Marilia Gaspar
- Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Institute of Environmental Research, São Paulo, SP, 04301-902, Brazil.
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7
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Fan Z, Lali MN, Xiong H, Luo Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Lu M, Wang J, He X, Shi X, Zhang Y. Seedlings of Poncirus trifoliata exhibit tissue-specific detoxification in response to NH 4 + toxicity. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:467-475. [PMID: 38466186 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N) is essential for fruit tree growth, but the impact of excess NH4 +-N from fertilizer on evergreen citrus trees is unclear. In a climate chamber, 8-month-old citrus plants were exposed to five different hydroponic NH4 +-N concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm) for 1 month to study effects of NH4 +-N on growth characteristics, N uptake, metabolism, antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulatory substances. Application of 10 mm NH4 +-N adversely affected root plasma membrane integrity, root physiological functions, and plant biomass. MDA, CAT, POD, APX and SOD content were significantly correlated with leaf N metabolic enzyme activity (GOGAT, GDH, GS and NR). GDH was the primary enzyme involved in NH4 +-N assimilation in leaves, while the primary pathway involved in roots was GS-GOGAT. Under comparatively high NH4 + addition, roots were the main organs involved in NH4 + utilization in citrus seedlings. Our results demonstrated that variations in NH4 + concentration and enzyme activity in various organs are associated with more effective N metabolism in roots than in leaves to prevent NH4 + toxicity in evergreen woody citrus plants. These results provide insight into the N forms used by citrus plants that are important for N fertilizer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Fan
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - M N Lali
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Bamyan University, Bamyan, Afghanistan
| | - H Xiong
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Wang
- Development and Guidance Station of Cereal and Oil Crops in Hechuan District, Chongqing, China
| | - M Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Agro-Tech Extension Station, Chongqing, China
| | - J Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - X He
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - X Shi
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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8
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Ardichvili AN, Loeuille N, Lata JC, Barot S. Nitrification Control by Plants and Preference for Ammonium versus Nitrate: Positive Feedbacks Increase Productivity but Undermine Resilience. Am Nat 2024; 203:E128-E141. [PMID: 38489776 DOI: 10.1086/729090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
AbstractSome plants, via their action on microorganisms, control soil nitrification (i.e., the transformation of ammonium into nitrate). We model how the covariation between plant control of nitrification and preference for ammonium versus nitrate impacts ecosystem properties such as productivity, nitrogen (N) losses, and overall resilience. We show that the control of nitrification can maximize productivity by minimizing total inorganic N losses. We initially predicted that plants with an ammonium preference should achieve the highest biomass when inhibiting nitrification, and conversely that plants preferring nitrate should achieve the highest biomass by stimulating nitrification. With a parametrization derived from the Lamto savanna (Ivory Coast), we find that productivity is maximal for plants that slightly prefer ammonium and inhibit nitrification. Such situations, however, lead to strong positive feedbacks that can cause abrupt shifts from a highly to a lowly productive ecosystem. The comparison with other parameter sets (Pawnee short-grass prairie [United States], intensively cultivated field, and a hypothetical parameter set in which ammonium is highly volatilized and nitrate inputs are high) shows that strategies yielding the highest biomass may be counterintuitive (i.e., preferring nitrate but inhibiting nitrification). We argue that the level of control yielding the highest productivity depends on ecosystem properties (quantity of N deposition, leaching rates, and baseline nitrification rates), not only preference. Finally, while contrasting N preferences offer, as expected, the possibility of coexistence through niche partitioning, we stress how control of nitrification can be framed as a niche construction process that adds an additional dimension to coexistence conditions.
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Wu J, Coskun D, Li G, Wang Z, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W. OsEIL1 is involved in the response to heterogeneous high ammonium in rice: A split-root analysis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 295:154205. [PMID: 38437759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) concentrations in rice fields show heterogeneous spatial distribution under the combined influences of nitrogen fertilizer application and modern agronomic practices. However, the characteristics and mechanisms of rice roots in response to heterogeneous NH4+ supply are not well understood. Here, we found a systemic response of rice roots to heterogeneous and high (10 mM) NH4+ supply using a split-root experiment, and show root growth on the NH4+-free (NO3-) side was also inhibited by localized high-NH4+ supply. Moreover, OsEIL1 (encoding a core transcription factor in the ethylene signaling pathway) was found to be involved in the response of rice roots to heterogeneous NH4+. OsEIL1 mutation significantly increased the inhibitory effect of localized high-NH4+ on root growth of the NO3- side, as well as significantly increased NH4+ efflux there. Furthermore, our results indicate that the mitigating effect of OsEIL1 on NH4+ efflux is related to the regulated expression of OsVTC1-3 (encoding a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase). These findings provide insight into the mechanisms by which OsEIL1 responds to heterogeneous high NH4+ and contribute to our understanding of rice adaptation to heterogeneous NH4+ supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Devrim Coskun
- Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China.
| | - Zhaoyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China.
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10
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Chen B, Guo L, Tang J, Li Y, Li C. Comprehensive impacts of different integrated rice-animal co-culture systems on rice yield, nitrogen fertilizer partial factor productivity and nitrogen losses: A global meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169994. [PMID: 38232823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Integrated rice-animal co-culture (IRAC) is an ecological agricultural system combining rice cultivation with animal farming, which holds significant implications for food security and agriculture sustainable development. However, the comprehensive impacts of the co-culture on rice yield, nitrogen (N) losses, and N fertilizer partial factor productivity (NPFP) remain elusive and may vary under different environmental conditions and N management. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of data from various IRAC systems on a global scale, including 371, 298, and 115 sets of data for rice yield, NPFP, and N losses, respectively. The results showed that IRAC could significantly increase rice yield (by 3.47 %) and NPFP (by 4.26 %), and reduce N2O emissions (by 16.69 %), NH3 volatilization (by 11.03 %), N runoff (by 17.72 %), and N leaching (by 19.10 %). Furthermore, there were significant differences in rice yield, NPFP, and N loss among different IRAC systems, which may be ascribed to variations in regional climate, soil variables, and N fertilizer management practices. The effect sizes of rice yield and NPFP were notably correlated with the rate and frequency of N application and the soil clay content. Moreover, a higher amount of precipitation corresponded to a larger effect size on rice NPFP. N2O emissions were closely associated with mean annual air temperature, annual precipitation, N application frequency, soil pH level, soil organic matter content, soil clay content, and soil bulk density. However, NH3 volatilization, N runoff, and N leaching exhibited no correlation with either the environmental conditions or the N management. Multivariate regression analysis further demonstrated that the soil clay content and N application rate are pivotal in predicting the effect sizes of rice yield, NPFP, and N2O emissions under IRAC. Specifically, IRAC with a low N application rate in soils with a high clay content could augment the effect size to increase rice NPFP and yield and reduce N2O emissions. In conclusion, IRAC offers a potent strategy to optimize rice yield and NPFP as well as mitigate N losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binpeng Chen
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Lijin Guo
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 3550002, PR China
| | - Jichao Tang
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yanshi Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Chengfang Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River/College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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11
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Rubio-Asensio JS, Saitta D, Intrigliolo DS. Moderate salinity and high ammonium/nitrate ratio enhance early growth in "summer wonder" lettuce cultivar. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154183. [PMID: 38295651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Because its impact in plant development and growth and its interaction with Na+ and Cl-, the supply of different N-forms to crops can be an easy-to-use tool with effective results on salinity tolerance. Here the effect of four N-NO3-/N-NH4+ ratios (mM; 2/0, 1.6/0.4, 0.4/1.6, 0/2) on adaptation to salt conditions (15 mM NaCl in a first experiment and 40 mM NaCl in a second experiment) was studied in young lettuce (cv "Summer wonder") plants. The experiments were carried out in greenhouse and under hydroponics conditions. The results show that this cultivar tolerates and adapts to moderate salinity by deploying several structural and physiological mechanisms; (i) increasing allocation of biomass to the root, (ii) increasing root Na+ uptake and storing it in the shoot and root tissues, (iii) increasing intrinsic water use efficiency and (iv) increasing root N and P uptake. The beneficial effect of salt exposure on growth was greater when the predominant N-form was N-NO3-. These plants with higher tissue N-NO3- concentration, decreased Cl- uptake and shoot and root Cl- concentration. Regardless of salt conditions, plants with a high proportion of N-NH4+ (1.6 mM) and a low proportion of N-NO3- (0.4 mM) had a greater growth and nitrogen use efficiency, that was associated with the improved uptake of nutrients, and the maintenance of water status.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Salvador Rubio-Asensio
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Daniela Saitta
- Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego S Intrigliolo
- Dept. Ecology, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Centro de Investigación sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Carretera CV-315, km 10.7, 46113, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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12
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Wei X, Han L, Xu N, Sun M, Yang X. Nitrate nitrogen enhances the efficiency of photoprotection in Leymus chinensis under drought stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1348925. [PMID: 38419774 PMCID: PMC10899514 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Global climate change exerts a significant impact on the nitrogen supply and photosynthesis ability in land-based plants. The photosynthetic capacity of dominant grassland species is important if we are to understand carbon cycling under climate change. Drought stress is one of the major factors limiting plant photosynthesis, and nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient involved in the photosynthetic activity of leaves. The regulatory mechanisms responsible for the effects of ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 -) on the drought-induced photoinhibition of photosystem II (PSII) in plants have yet to be fully elucidated. Therefore, there is a significant need to gain a better understanding of the role of electron transport in the photoinhibition of PSII. Methods In the present study, we conducted experiments with normal watering (LD), severe drought (MD), and extreme drought (HD) treatments, along with no nitrogen (N0), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3), and mixed nitrogen (NH4NO3) treatments. We analyzed pigment accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, photosynthetic enzyme activity, photosystem activity, electron transport, and O-J-I-P kinetics. Results Analysis showed that increased nitrate application significantly increased the leaf chlorophyll content per unit area (Chlarea) and nitrogen content per unit area (Narea) (p< 0.05). Under HD treatment, ROS levels were lower in NO3-treated plants than in N0 plants, and there was no significant difference in photosynthetic enzyme activity between plants treated with NO3 and NH4NO3. Under drought stress, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm), PSII electron transport rate (ETR), and effective quantum yield of PSII (φPSII) were significant higher in NO3-treated plants (p< 0.05). Importantly, the K-band and G-band were higher in NO3-treated plants. Discussion These results suggest that drought stress hindered the formation of NADPH and ATP in N0 and NH4-treated L. chinensis plants, thus damaging the donor side of the PSII oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). After applying nitrate, higher photosynthetic enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activity not only protected PSII from photodamage under drought stress but also reduced the rate of damage in PSII during the growth of L. chinensis growth under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wei
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Lin Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Nan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Heilongjiang Province for Cold-Regions Wetlands Ecology and Environment Research, and School of Geography and Tourism, Harbin University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingyue Sun
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Xuechen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Black Soils Conservation and Utilization, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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13
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Li H, Zhu X, Wang J, Wei Y, Nai F, Yu H, Wang X. Unraveling differential characteristics and mechanisms of nitrogen uptake in wheat cultivars with varied nitrogen use efficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108278. [PMID: 38147707 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen uptake is crucial to wheat nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). The study's findings indicate that both high- and low-NUE cultivars exhibited highest nitrogen uptake efficiency (NupE) under 0.2 mM nitrogen. Under 2 mM nitrogen, their NupEs decrease significantly, while uptakes to NO3- were notably higher than that of NH4+. Strikingly, high-NUE cultivars exhibited a significantly higher NH4+ uptake rate than low NUE cultivars, resulting in a marked improvement in their ability to take up nitrogen. The NUEs of the cultivars with 5 mM nitrogen were almost half that of 2 mM nitrogen. NO3- uptake primarily occurred in the mature zone of roots, while NH4+ uptake took place in the root tip meristem and elongation zones. Notably, the NH4+ uptake in root tip meristematic zone of high-NUE cultivar was significantly higher than that of low NUE cultivar. Furthermore, the NO3- uptake of high-NUE cultivar in the root mature zone was significantly higher than that of low-NUE cultivar under 2 mM nitrogen. These findings were consistent with the significantly higher expression levels of TaAMT in root tip and of TaNRT in root mature area of high-NUE cultivar compared to low-NUE cultivar, respectively, enabling efficient absorption of NO3- and NH4+ and transport of NO3- to shoot. The high-NUE cultivars showed elevated expression of amino acid transporters further promoting nitrogen uptake, and conversion of nitrogen into ureides and amino acids further facilitated inorganic nitrogen uptake by roots. The differential findings offer valuable insights into novel variety breeding of high NUE in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; Research and Experiment Station of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Yihao Wei
- Research and Experiment Station of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Furong Nai
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Haidong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; Research and Experiment Station of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science in China, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; Research and Experiment Station of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss in Farmland of the Yellow River Basin in Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China.
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14
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Chen S, Elrys AS, Zhao C, Cai Z, Zhang J, Müller C. Global patterns and controls of yield and nitrogen use efficiency in rice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165484. [PMID: 37454862 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Factors influencing rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield mainly include nitrogen (N) fertilizer, climate and soil properties. However, a comprehensive analysis of the role of climatic factors and soil physical and chemical properties and their interactions in controlling global yield and nitrogen use efficiency (e.g., agronomic efficiency of N (AEN)) of rice is still pending. In this article, we pooled 2293 observations from 363 articles and conducted a global systematic analysis. We found that the global mean yield and AEN were 6791 ± 48.6 kg ha-1 season-1 and 15.6 ± 0.29 kg kg-1, respectively. Rice yield was positively correlated with latitude, N application rate, soil total and available N, and soil organic carbon, but was negatively correlated with mean annual temperature (MAT) and soil bulk density. The response of yield to soil pH followed the parabolic model, with the peak occurring at pH = 6.35. Our analysis indicated that N application rate, soil total N, and MAT were the main factors driving rice yield globally, while precipitation promoted rice yield by enhancing soil total N. N application rate was the most important inhibitor of AEN globally, while soil cation exchange capacity (CEC) was the most important stimulator of AEN. MAT increased AEN through enhancing soil CEC, but precipitation decreased it by decreasing soil CEC. The yield varies with climatic zones, being greater in temperate and continental regions with low MAT than in tropical regions, but the opposite was observed for AEN. The driving factors of yield and AEN were climatic zone specific. Our findings emphasize that soil properties may interact with future changes in temperature to affect rice production. To achieve high AEN in rice fields, the central influence of CEC on AEN should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shending Chen
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ahmed S Elrys
- Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Liebig Centre for Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Germany
| | - Chang Zhao
- Institute of Geographical Science, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Zucong Cai
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Liebig Centre for Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Germany.
| | - Christoph Müller
- Liebig Centre for Agroecology and Climate Impact Research, Justus Liebig University, Germany; Institute of Plant Ecology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, 35392 Giessen, Germany; School of Biology and Environmental Science and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Ma D, Teng W, Yi B, Lin Y, Pan Y, Wang L. Effects of the nitrate and ammonium ratio on plant characteristics and Erythropalum scandens Bl. substrates. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289659. [PMID: 37540657 PMCID: PMC10403090 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropalum scandens Bl. is a woody vegetable with high nitrogen demand that inhabits southern China. Ammonium and nitrate are the two main forms of inorganic nitrogen that plants directly absorb. A pot experiment was performed to determine the growth, physiological responses, and preferences of 12-month-old E. scandens seedlings for ammonium and nitrate. Aboveground and underground growth indexes, biomass, physiological and biochemical indexes (chlorophyll [Chl], soluble sugar, soluble protein and free proline contents), and substrate pH and nitrogen contents were determined under different nitrate and ammonium ratios (0 NO3-: 100 NH4+, 25 NO3-: 75 NH4+, 50 NO3-: 50 NH4+, 75 NO3-: 25 NH4+, and 100 NO3-: 0 NH4+), and the control (0 NO3-: 0 NH4+). The results showed that ammonium and nitrate improved the growth and physiological status of E. scandens seedlings in most of the treatments compared to the control. The aboveground growth status and biomass accumulation of E. scandens seedlings were significantly better under the 0 NO3-: 100 NH4+ treatment during fertilization compared with all other treatments. However, the growth status of the underground parts was not significantly different among treatments. Significant differences in osmoregulator content, except for soluble sugars, and Chl content were observed. Soluble sugars and soluble proteins were highest under the 0 NO3-: 100 NH4+ treatment at the end of fertilization (day 175). However, free proline accumulated during fertilization and the increase in NO3- indicated that excessive use of NO3- had a negative effect on the E. scandens seedlings. The order of accumulating nitrogen content was leaves > roots > stems. The highest N accumulation occurred in the aboveground parts under the 0 NO3-: 100 NH4+ treatment, whereas the highest N accumulation occurred in the underground parts under the 50 NO3-: 50 NH4+ treatment. Substrate pH increased at the end of fertilization (day 175) compared with the middle stage (day 75), while total nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrate were highly significantly different among the treatments. Total nitrogen and NH4+ content were the highest under the 0 NO3-: 100 NH4+ treatment, while NO3- content was the highest under the 100 NO3-: 0 NH4+ treatment. In conclusion, 12-month-old E. scandens seedlings grew best, and had better physiological conditions in NH4+ than NO3-. The 0 NO3-:100 NH4+ treatment (ammonium chloride 3.82 g/plant) resulted in the best growth and physiological conditions. Most of the growth and physiological indexes were inhibited with the increase in nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daocheng Ma
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
| | - Weichao Teng
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
| | - Biao Yi
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
| | - Yongzhi Lin
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Pan
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
| | - Linghui Wang
- College of Forestry, Guangxi University, University Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530004, China
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16
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Schiefloe M, Jakobsen ØM, Pannico A, Quadri C, Jost AIK. From urine to food and oxygen: effects of high and low NH 4+:NO 3- ratio on lettuce cultivated in a gas-tight hydroponic facility. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1229476. [PMID: 37588416 PMCID: PMC10425772 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1229476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
In situ production of food, water and oxygen is essential for long-duration human space missions. Higher plants represent a key element in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS), where crop cultivation can be based on water and nutrients recovered from waste and wastewater. Human urine exemplifies an important waste stream with potential to provide crops with nitrogen (N) and other nutrients. Dynamic waste composition and treatment processes may result in mineralized fractions with varying ammonium (NH4 +) to nitrate (NO3 -) ratios. In this study, lettuce was cultivated in the unique ESA MELiSSA Plant Characterization Unit, an advanced, gas-tight hydroponic research facility offering controlled environment and continuous monitoring of atmospheric gas composition. To evaluate biological and system effects of nutrient solution NH4 +:NO3 - ratio, two crop tests were run with different NH4 + to total N ratio (NH4 +:N) and elevated concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in line with a urine recycling scenario. Plants cultivated at 0.5 mol·mol-1 NH4 +:N (HiNH4 +) achieved 50% lower shoot biomass compared to those cultivated at 0.1 mol·mol-1 NH4 +:N (LoNH4 +), accompanied by higher shoot dry weight content and lower harvest index. Analyses of projected leaf area over time indicated that the reduced biomass observed at harvest could be attributed to a lower specific growth rate during the close-to-exponential growth phase. The HiNH4 + crop produced 40% less O2 over the full cultivation period. However, normalization of the results indicated a marginal increase in O2 production per time and per projected leaf area for the HiNH4 + crop during the exponential growth phase, in line with a higher shoot chlorophyll content. Mineral analysis demonstrated that the biomass content of NH4 + and NO3 - varied in line with the nutrient solution composition. The ratio of consumed NH4 + to consumed N was higher than the NH4 +:N ratio of the nutrient solution for both crop tests, resulting in decreasing NH4 +:N ratios in the nutrient solution over time. The results provide enhanced insight for design of waste processes and crop cultivation to optimize overall BLSS efficiency and hold valuable potential for improved resource utilization also in terrestrial food production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Schiefloe
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Mejdell Jakobsen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Ann-Iren Kittang Jost
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
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17
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Zhang J, Duan Q, Ma J, Hou F. Nitrogen mineralization in grazed BSC subsoil is mediated by itself and vegetation in the Loess Plateau, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117647. [PMID: 36905690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Biological soil crust (BSC) exists widely in many kinds of grassland, its effect on soil mineralization in grazing systems has well been studied, but the impacts and threshold of grazing intensity on BSC have rarely been reported. This study focused on the dynamics of nitrogen mineralization rate in biocrust subsoils affected by grazing intensity. We studied the changes in BSC subsoil physicochemical properties and nitrogen mineralization rates under four sheep grazing intensities (i.e., 0, 2.67, 5.33, and 8.67 sheep ha-1) in seasons of spring (May-early July), summer (July-early September), and autumn (September-November). Although this moderate grazing intensity contributes to the growth and recovery of BSCs, we found that moss was more vulnerable to trampling than lichen, which means the physicochemical properties of the moss subsoil are more intense. Changes in soil physicochemical properties and nitrogen mineralization rates were significantly higher under 2.67-5.33 sheep ha-1 than other grazing intensities (Saturation phase). In addition, the structural equation model (SEM) showed that the main response path was grazing, which affected subsoil physicochemical properties through the joint mediation of BSC (25%) and vegetation (14%). Then, the further positive effect on nitrogen mineralization rate and the influence of seasonal fluctuations on the system was fully considered. We found that solar radiation and precipitation all had significant promoting effects on soil nitrogen mineralization rates, the overall seasonal fluctuation has a direct effect of 18% on the rate of nitrogen mineralization. This study revealed the effects of grazing on BSC and the results may enable a better statistical quantification of BSC functions and provide a theoretical basis to formulate grazing strategies in the grazing system of sheep in Loess Plateau even worldwide (BSC symbiosis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Qianwen Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China
| | - Fujiang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, China.
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18
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Wang G, Zhang L, Guo Z, Shi D, Zhai H, Yao Y, Yang T, Xin S, Cui H, Li J, Ma J, Sun W. Benefits of biological nitrification inhibition of Leymus chinensis under alkaline stress: the regulatory function of ammonium-N exceeds its nutritional function. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1145830. [PMID: 37255563 PMCID: PMC10225694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The production of root exudates with biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) effects is a strategy adopted by ammonium-N (NH4+-N) tolerant plant species that occur in N-limited environments. Most knowledge on BNI comes from plant species that occur in acidic soils. Methods Here, combining field sampling and laboratory culture, we assessed the BNI-capacity of Leymus chinensis, a dominant grass species in alkaline grasslands in eastern Asia, and explored why L. chinensis has BNI ability. Results and discussion The results showed that L. chinensis has strong BNI-capacity. At a concentration of 1 mg mL-1, L. chinensis' root exudates inhibited nitrification in soils influenced by Puccinellia tenuiflora by 72.44%, while DCD only inhibited it by 68.29%. The nitrification potential of the soil of L. chinensis community was only 53% of the P. tenuiflora or 41% of the Suaeda salsa community. We also showed that the supply of NH4+-N driven by L. chinensis' BNI can meet its requirements . In addition, NH4+-N can enhance plant adaptation to alkaline stress by regulating pH, and in turn, the uptake of nitrate-N (NO3--N). We further demonstrated that the regulatory function of NH4+-N is greater than its nutritional function in alkaline environment. The results offer novel insights into how L. chinensis adapts to high pH and nutrient deficiency stress by secreting BNIs, and reveal, for the first time, differences in the functional roles of NH4+-N and NO3--N in growth and adaptation under alkaline conditions in a grass species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui Wang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zihan Guo
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongfang Shi
- Analysis and Testing Center, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huiliang Zhai
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Tianxue Yang
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuquan Xin
- School of Life Sciences, Changchun Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haiying Cui
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqin Li
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Institute of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology of the Ministry of Education, Jilin Songnen Grassland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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Huang Y, Du L, Lei Y, Liang J. Nitrogen Preference of Dominant Species during Hailuogou Glacier Retreat Succession on the Eastern Tibetan Plateau. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:838. [PMID: 36840185 PMCID: PMC9961023 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant nitrogen (N) uptake preference is a key factor affecting plant nutrient acquisition, vegetation composition and ecosystem function. However, few studies have investigated the contribution of different N sources to plant N strategies, especially during the process of primary succession of a glacial retreat area. By measuring the natural abundance of N isotopes (δ15N) of dominant plants and soil, we estimated the relative contribution of different N forms (ammonium-NH4+, nitrate-NO3- and soluble organic N-DON) and absorption preferences of nine dominant plants of three stages (12, 40 and 120 years old) of the Hailuogou glacier retreat area. Along with the chronosequence of primary succession, dominant plants preferred to absorb NO3- in the early (73.5%) and middle (46.5%) stages. At the late stage, soil NH4+ contributed more than 60.0%, In addition, the contribution of DON to the total N uptake of plants was nearly 19.4%. Thus, the dominant plants' preference for NO3- in the first two stages changes to NH4+ in the late stages during primary succession. The contribution of DON to the N source of dominant plants should not be ignored. It suggests that the shift of N uptake preference of dominant plants may reflect the adjustment of their N acquisition strategy, in response to the changes in their physiological traits and soil nutrient conditions. Better knowledge of plant preferences for different N forms could significantly improve our understanding on the potential feedbacks of plant N acquisition strategies to environmental changes, and provide valuable suggestions for the sustainable management of plantations during different successional stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Huang
- China-Croatia “Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liushan Du
- China-Croatia “Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbao Lei
- China-Croatia “Belt and Road” Joint Laboratory on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiye Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
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Jiang Q, Lin C, Guo R, Xiong D, Yao X, Wang X, Chen T, Jia L, Wu D, Fan A, Chen G, Yang Y. Root nitrogen uptake capacity of Chinese fir enhanced by warming and nitrogen addition. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:31-46. [PMID: 36049081 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a knowledge gap in the effects of climate warming and nitrogen (N) deposition on root N absorption capacity, which limits our ability to predict how climate change alters the N cycling and its consequences for forest productivity especially in subtropical areas where soil N availability is already high. In order to explore the effects and mechanism of warming and the N deposition on root N absorption capacity of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata), a subtropical arbuscular mycorrhizal conifer, the fine root 15NH4+ and 15NO3- uptake kinetics at a reference temperature of 20 °C were measured across different seasons in a factorial soil warming (ambient, +5 °C) × N addition (ambient, +40 kg N ha-1 yr-1) experiment. The results showed that (i) compared with the control, warming increased the maximal uptake rate of NH4+ (Vmax,20 °C-NH4+) in summer, while N addition enhanced it in spring and summer; compared with non-warming treatments, warming treatments increased the uptake rate of NO3- at a reference concentration of 100 μmol (V100,20 °C-NO3-) in spring. (ii) The analysis of covariance showed that Vmax,20 °C-NH4+ was positively correlated with root mycorrhizal colonization rate (MCR) and V100,20 °C-NO3- was positively correlated with specific root respiration rate (SRR), whereas no N uptake kinetic parameter was correlated with specific root length, root N and non-structural carbon concentrations. Thus, our results demonstrate that warming-increased root NH4+ uptake might be related to warming-increased MCR, whereas warming-increased root NO3- uptake might be related to warming-increased SRR. We conclude that root NH4+ and NO3- uptake capacity of subtropical Chinese fir can be elevated under warming and N deposition, which could improve plantation productivity and mitigate N leaching loss and soil acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Chengfang Lin
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Runquan Guo
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Decheng Xiong
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xiaodong Yao
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Linqiao Jia
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Dongmei Wu
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Ailian Fan
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Guangshui Chen
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Yusheng Yang
- Fujian Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province Funded), School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
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21
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Kasemsap P, Bloom AJ. Breeding for Higher Yields of Wheat and Rice through Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:85. [PMID: 36616214 PMCID: PMC9823454 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and rice produce nutritious grains that provide 32% of the protein in the human diet globally. Here, we examine how genetic modifications to improve assimilation of the inorganic nitrogen forms ammonium and nitrate into protein influence grain yield of these crops. Successful breeding for modified nitrogen metabolism has focused on genes that coordinate nitrogen and carbon metabolism, including those that regulate tillering, heading date, and ammonium assimilation. Gaps in our current understanding include (1) species differences among candidate genes in nitrogen metabolism pathways, (2) the extent to which relative abundance of these nitrogen forms across natural soil environments shape crop responses, and (3) natural variation and genetic architecture of nitrogen-mediated yield improvement. Despite extensive research on the genetics of nitrogen metabolism since the rise of synthetic fertilizers, only a few projects targeting nitrogen pathways have resulted in development of cultivars with higher yields. To continue improving grain yield and quality, breeding strategies need to focus concurrently on both carbon and nitrogen assimilation and consider manipulating genes with smaller effects or that underlie regulatory networks as well as genes directly associated with nitrogen metabolism.
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Lu Y, Hua Y, Lv N, Zu W, Kronzucker HJ, Dong G, Shi W. Syringic acid from rice roots inhibits soil nitrification and N 2O emission under red and paddy soils but not a calcareous soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1099689. [PMID: 36605956 PMCID: PMC9808040 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1099689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Syringic acid (SA) is a novel biological nitrification inhibitor (BNIs) discovered in rice root exudates with significant inhibition of Nitrosomonas strains. However, the inhibitory effect of SA on nitrification and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in different soils and the environmental factors controlling the degree of inhibition have not been studied. Using 14-day microcosm incubation, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of SA on nitrification activity, abundance of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms, and N2O emissions in three typical agricultural soils. The nitrification inhibitory efficacy of SA was strongest in acidic red soil, followed by weakly acidic paddy soil, with no significant effect in an alkaline calcareous soil. Potential nitrification activity (PNA) were also greatly reduced by SA additions in paddy and red soil. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the inhibitory efficacy of SA might be negatively correlated with soil pH and positively correlated with clay percentage. SA treatments significantly reduced N2O emissions by 69.1-79.3% from paddy soil and by 40.8%-46.4% from red soil, respectively, but no effect was recorded in the calcareous soil. SA addition possessed dual inhibition of both ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) abundance in paddy and red soil. Structural equation modelling revealed that soil ammonium (NH4 +) and dissolved organic carbon content (DOC) were the key variables explaining AOA and AOB abundance and subsequent N2O emissions. Our results support the potential for the use of the BNI SA in mitigating N2O emissions and enhancing N utilization in red and paddy soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijun Zu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Herbert J. Kronzucker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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23
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Liang D, Bowatte S. Seed endophytic ammonia oxidizing bacteria in Elymus nutans transmit to offspring plants and contribute to nitrification in the root zone. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1036897. [PMID: 36523826 PMCID: PMC9744808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1036897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in soil are of great biological importance as they regulate the cycling of N in agroecosystems. Plants are known to harbor AOB but how they occupy the plant is an unresolved question. METHODS Metabarcoding studies were carried out using Illumina MiSeq sequencing to test the potential of seed vectored AOB exchange between plants and soil. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We found 27 sequences associated with AOB strains belonging to the genera Nitrosospira, Nitrosovibrio, and Nitrosomonas inhabiting Elymus nutans seeds collected from four geographically distanced alpine meadows. Nitrosospira multiformis was the most dominant across the four locations. The AOB community in E. nutans seeds was compared with that of the leaves, roots and soil in one location. Soil and seeds harbored a rich but dissimilar AOB community, and Nitrosospira sp. PJA1, Nitrosospira sp. Nsp17 and Nitrosovibrio sp. RY3C were present in all plant parts and soils. When E. nutans seeds were germinated in sterilized growth medium under greenhouse conditions, the AOB in seeds later appeared in leaves, roots and growth medium, and contributed to nitrification. Testing the AOB community of the second-generation seeds confirmed vertical transmission, but low richness was observed. CONCLUSION These results suggest seed vectored AOB may play a critical role in N cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Saman Bowatte
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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24
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Zhang W, Wu X, Wang D, Wu D, Fu Y, Bian C, Jin L, Zhang Y. Leaf cytokinin accumulation promotes potato growth in mixed nitrogen supply by coordination of nitrogen and carbon metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 324:111416. [PMID: 35995109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The source and sink balance determines crop growth, which is largely modulated by nitrogen (N) supplies. The use of mixed ammonium and nitrate as N supply can improve plant growth, however mechanisms involving the coordination of carbon and N metabolism are not well understood. Here, we investigated potato plants responding to N forms and confirmed that, compared with sole nitrate supply, mixed N (75 %/25 % nitrate/ammonium) enhanced leaf area, photosynthetic activity and N metabolism and accordingly resulted in outgrowth of stolons and shoot axillary buds. Cytokinin transportation in xylem sap and local cytokinin synthesis in leaves were up-regulated in mixed-N-treated potato plants relative to sole nitrate provision; and exogenous application of 6-benzylaminopurine in addition to sole nitrate restored leaf area, photosynthetic capacity and N content in leaves to the similar as those under mixed-N treatment. Partial defoliation, an effective method to enhance the sink strength, induced more cytokinin content in leaflets under two treatments relative to their respective controls and ultimately resulted in larger photosynthesis capacity and leaf area. These results suggest that mixed-N-enhanced plant growth through the coordination of carbon and N metabolism largely depends on the signal molecule cytokinin modulated by N supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunsong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liping Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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25
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Ecosystem Recovery in Progress? Initial Nutrient and Phytoplankton Response to Nitrogen Reduction from Sewage Treatment Upgrade in the San Francisco Bay Delta. NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3040037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The San Francisco Bay Delta has been an estuary of low productivity, with causes hypothesized to relate to light limitation, grazing by invasive clams, and polluting levels of NH4+ discharge from a wastewater treatment plant. Suppression of phytoplankton NO3− uptake by NH4+ has been well documented, and thus this estuary may have experienced the counterintuitive effect of depressed productivity due to wastewater NH4+ enrichment. In 2021, a new wastewater treatment plant came online, with a ~75% reduction in nitrogen load, and within-plant nitrification, converting the discharge to NO3−. The expectation was that this change in nitrogen loading would support healthier phytoplankton production, particularly of diatoms. Here, responses of the post-upgrade Bay Delta phytoplankton were compared to five years of data collected pre-upgrade during the fall season. Indeed, increased chlorophyll a accumulation in the estuary was documented after the implementation of the upgraded wastewater treatment and photophysiological responses indicated comparatively less stress. Major differences in river flow were also observed due to drought conditions during the decade covered by this study. While short-term favorable effects were observed, understanding longer-term ecological feedback interactions that may follow from this major nutrient change under variable flow conditions will require more years of observations.
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26
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Wang F, Wang Q, Yu Q, Ye J, Gao J, Liu H, Yong JWH, Yu Y, Liu X, Kong H, He X, Ma J. Is the NH 4 +-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH 4 + form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968707. [PMID: 36160982 PMCID: PMC9505920 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidification often occurs when the concentration of ammonium (NH4 +) in soil rises, such as that observed in farmland. Both soil acidification and excess NH4 + have serious adverse effects on crop growth and food production. However, we still do not know which of these two inhibitors has a greater impact on the growth of crops, and the degree of their inhibitory effect on crop growth have not been accurately evaluated. 31 wheat cultivars originating in various areas of China were planted under 5 mM sole NH4 + (ammonium nitrogen, AN) or nitrate nitrogen in combined with two pH levels resembling acidified conditions (5.0 and 6.5). The results showed that the shoots and roots biomass were severely reduced by AN in both and these reduction effects were strengthened by a low medium pH. The concentration of free NH4 + and amino acids, the glutamine synthetase activity were significantly higher, but the total soluble sugar content was reduced under NH4 + conditions, and the glutamine synthetase activity was reduced by a low medium pH. Cultivar variance was responsible for the largest proportion of the total variance in plant dry weight, leaf area, nodal root number, total root length and root volume; the nitrogen (N) form explains most of the variation in N and C metabolism; the effects of pH were the greatest for plant height and root average diameter. So, soil acidification and excess NH4 + would cause different degrees of inhibition effects on different plant tissues. The findings are expected to be useful for applying effective strategies for reducing NH4 + stress in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaogang Yu
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Gao
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haitian Liu
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jean W. H. Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yijun Yu
- Arable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Arable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haimin Kong
- Arable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinhua He
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Centre of Excellence for Soil Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Guo L, Meng H, Teng K, Fan X, Zhang H, Teng W, Yue Y, Wu J. Effects of Nitrogen Forms on the Growth and Nitrogen Accumulation in Buchloe dactyloides Seedlings. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162086. [PMID: 36015389 PMCID: PMC9416445 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Buffalograss [Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm.] has become the most widely cultivated warm-season turfgrass in northern China because of its low-maintenance requirements. Nitrogen (N) can be applied to plants in a range of formulations. However, preference of nitrogen uptake and the effects of N form on plant growth and nitrogen accumulation has not been established in buffalograss. In this study, we evaluated the effects of different inorganic nitrogen forms (NO3−-N, NH4+-N, and NO3−-N: NH4+-N = 1:1) on growth and nitrogen accumulation in buffalograss seedlings. Results showed that supply of three N forms significantly increased buffalograss seedlings growth, biomass, and N contents of all plant organs compared with the seedlings receiving free nitrogen. Plants achieved better growth performance when they received nitrate as the sole N source, which stimulated stolon growth and increased the biomass of ramets, spacers, and aboveground and total plant biomass, and also allocated more biomass to ramets and more N to spacers. Meanwhile, those plants supplied with the treatment +NH4NO3 displayed a significantly greater N content in the ramet, 15N abundance, and 15N accumulation amount in all organs. These data suggest NO3−-N supplied either singly or in mixture increased vegetative propagation and thus facilitates buffalograss establishment. However, applications of ammonium caused detrimental effects on buffalograss seedlings growth, but +NO3− could alleviate NH4+-induced morphological disorders. Thus, recommendations to increase vegetative propagation and biomass accumulation in buffalograss seedlings should consider increasing NO3−-N in a fertility program and avoiding applications of nitrogen as NH4+-N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Guo
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Huizhen Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
| | - Ke Teng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xifeng Fan
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wenjun Teng
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuesen Yue
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Juying Wu
- Institute of Grassland, Flowers and Ecology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Correspondence:
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28
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Hu X, Li W, Liu Q, Yin C. Interactions between species change the uptake of ammonium and nitrate in Abies faxoniana and Picea asperata. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1396-1410. [PMID: 34962272 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant nitrogen (N) uptake is affected by plant-plant interactions, but the mechanisms remain unknown. A 15N-labeled technique was used in a pot experiment to analyze the uptake rate of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) by Abies faxoniana Rehd. et Wils and Picea asperata Mast. in single-plant mode, intraspecific and interspecific interactions. The results indicated that the effects of plant-plant interactions on N uptake rate depended on plant species and N forms. Picea asperata had a higher N uptake rate of both N forms than A. faxoniana, and both species preferred NO3-. Compared with single-plant mode, intraspecific interaction increased NH4+ uptake for A. faxoniana but reduced that for P. asperata, while it did not change NO3- uptake for the two species. The interspecific interaction enhanced N uptake of both N forms for A. faxoniana but did not affect the P. asperata compared with single-plant mode. NH4+ and NO3- uptake rates for the two species were regulated by root N concentration, root nitrate reductase activity, root vigor, soil pH and soil N availability under plant-plant interactions. Decreased NH4+ uptake rate for P. asperata under intraspecific interaction was induced by lower root N concentration and nitrate reductase activity. The positive effects of interspecific interaction on N uptake for A. faxoniana could be determined mainly by positive rhizosphere effects, such as high soil pH. From the perspective of root-soil interactions, our study provides insight into how plant-plant interactions affect N uptake, which can help to understand species coexistence and biodiversity maintenance in forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wanting Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Chunying Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 416, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Robinson SI, O’Gorman EJ, Frey B, Hagner M, Mikola J. Soil organic matter, rather than temperature, determines the structure and functioning of subarctic decomposer communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:3929-3943. [PMID: 35263490 PMCID: PMC9310844 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and functioning are likely to be strongest at high latitudes due to the adaptation of biota to relatively low temperatures and nutrient levels. Soil warming is widely predicted to alter microbial, invertebrate, and plant communities, with cascading effects on ecosystem functioning, but this has largely been demonstrated over short-term (<10 year) warming studies. Using a natural soil temperature gradient spanning 10-35°C, we examine responses of soil organisms, decomposition, nitrogen cycling, and plant biomass production to long-term warming. We find that decomposer organisms are surprisingly resistant to chronic warming, with no responses of bacteria, fungi, or their grazers to temperature (fungivorous nematodes being an exception). Soil organic matter content instead drives spatial variation in microorganism abundances and mineral N availability. The few temperature effects that appear are more focused: root biomass and abundance of root-feeding nematodes decrease, and nitrification increases with increasing soil temperature. Our results suggest that transient responses of decomposers and soil functioning to warming may stabilize over time following acclimation and/or adaptation, highlighting the need for long-term, ecosystem-scale studies that incorporate evolutionary responses to soil warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinikka I. Robinson
- Ecosystems and Environment Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Beat Frey
- Swiss Federal Research Institute WSLBirmensdorfSwitzerland
| | - Marleena Hagner
- Ecosystems and Environment Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)JokioinenFinland
| | - Juha Mikola
- Ecosystems and Environment Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)HelsinkiFinland
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Differed Adaptive Strategies to Nutrient Status between Native and Exotic Mangrove Species. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To rapidly rehabilitate mangrove forests, exotic mangrove species characterized by high growth rates have been introduced in China, which would undoubtedly affect the nutrient status, nutrient acquisition and utilization strategies of mangrove plants, but the mechanism remains unclear. Qi’ao Island (a suburb of Zhuhai City) has the largest continuous exotic mangrove forests in China, where a mass collection of mangrove soils, plant tissues and tidewater was conducted. Ecological stoichiometric ratios and isotopic compositions were then analyzed to evaluate the ecosystem-scale nutrient status and compare the nutrient acquisition and utilization strategies of native Kandelia obovata (KO) and exotic Sonneratia apetala (SA) species. Soil and foliar C:N:P stoichiometries indicated that there is high P availability but N limitations, while further isotopic evidence indicated that native KO and exotic SA responded differently to the N limitation status. First, native KO seemed to prefer NO3−, while exotic SA preferred NH4+, according to the Δ15Nleaf–root (leaf–root δ15N difference) as well as the relationships between foliar δ15N and soil-extracted NH4+ δ15N, and between N and heavy metal contents. This suggested possible inter-specific competition between native KO and exotic SA, leading to different N species’ preferences to maximize resource utilization. Next, native KO likely adopted the “conservative” strategy to ensure survival with reduced investment in N-rich growth components but root systems leading to lower growth rates and higher N use efficiency (NUE) and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE), while exotic SA adopted the “aggressive” strategy to ensure fast growth with heavy investment in N-rich growth components, leading to rapid growth and lower NUE and iWUE, and showing signs of invasiveness. Further, native KO is more responsive to aggravated N limitation by enhancing NUE. This study will provide insights into the adaptation of different mangrove species to nutrient limitations and the risks associated with large-scale plantations of exotic mangrove species.
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Li G, Zhang L, Wu J, Yue X, Wang M, Sun L, Di D, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W. OsEIL1 protects rice growth under NH 4+ nutrition by regulating OsVTC1-3-dependent N-glycosylation and root NH 4+ efflux. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1537-1553. [PMID: 35133011 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice is known for its superior adaptation to ammonium (NH4+ ) as a nitrogen source. Compared to many other cereals, it displays lower NH4+ efflux in roots and higher nitrogen-use efficiency on NH4+ . A critical role for GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (VTC1) in controlling root NH4+ fluxes was previously documented in Arabidopsis, but the molecular pathways involved in regulating VTC1-dependent NH4+ efflux remain unclear. Here, we report that ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 (OsEIL1) acts as a key transcription factor regulating OsVTC1-3-dependent NH4+ efflux and protein N-glycosylation in rice grown under NH4+ nutrition. We show that OsEIL1 in rice plays a contrasting role to Arabidopsis-homologous ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (AtEIN3) and maintains rice growth under NH4+ by stabilizing protein N-glycosylation and reducing root NH4+ efflux. OsEIL1 constrains NH4+ efflux by activation of OsVTC1-3, but not OsVTC1-1 or OsVTC1-8. OsEIL1 binds directly to the promoter EIN3-binding site (EBS) of OsVTC1-3 in vitro and in vivo and acts to increase the transcription of OsVTC1-3. Our work demonstrates an important link between excessive root NH4+ efflux and OsVTC1-3-mediated protein N-glycosylation in rice grown under NH4+ nutrition and identifies OsEIL1 as a direct genetic regulator of OsVTC1-3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Sun
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dongwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Ahmed R, Mao L, Li Y, Ding J, Lin W, Ahmed S, Abbas A, Ahmed W. Effect of Different Fertilizations on the Plant-Available Nitrogen in Soil Profile (0-100 cm): A Study on Chinese Cabbage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863760. [PMID: 35481137 PMCID: PMC9036359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the variations in the plant-available nitrogen (PAN) concentrations in the soil profile. Different fertilizers were applied for Chinese cabbage plantation (CCP) in the experimental fields of the Shunyi region. The treatments used for the comparative analysis are (i) no fertilizer and plantation (NVP), (ii) no fertilizer with CCP (CTP), (iii) fertilization as urea (URP), and (iv) potassium nitrate (KNP) and chicken manure (CMP) with CCP. It was concluded that the yield was significantly high in URP, CMP, and KNP as compared to CTP. In URP, maximum PAN in soil layers 0-60 cm was recorded during crop production and in 60-100 cm after harvesting as compared to other treatments. Significant variations in soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) for the soil profile (0-100 cm) from the initial values with respect to time and treatments were observed. CMP showed maximum ammonium in the upper layers of 0-60 cm throughout the season, whereas minimum PAN was observed in NVP but increased in lower layers of 60-100 cm. In general, all fertilizers raised the PAN below the soil 60-100 cm which indicates their potential for nitrate leaching (NL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheed Ahmed
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Mao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuzhong Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Ding
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmed
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Waseem Ahmed
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Horticulture, University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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Phloem iron remodels root development in response to ammonium as the major nitrogen source. Nat Commun 2022; 13:561. [PMID: 35091578 PMCID: PMC8799741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28261-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants use nitrate and ammonium as major nitrogen (N) sources, each affecting root development through different mechanisms. However, the exact signaling pathways involved in root development are poorly understood. Here, we show that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, either disruption of the cell wall-localized ferroxidase LPR2 or a decrease in iron supplementation efficiently alleviates the growth inhibition of primary roots in response to NH4+ as the N source. Further study revealed that, compared with nitrate, ammonium led to excess iron accumulation in the apoplast of phloem in an LPR2-dependent manner. Such an aberrant iron accumulation subsequently causes massive callose deposition in the phloem from a resulting burst of reactive oxygen species, which impairs the function of the phloem. Therefore, ammonium attenuates primary root development by insufficiently allocating sucrose to the growth zone. Our results link phloem iron to root morphology in response to environmental cues.
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Saloner A, Bernstein N. Nitrogen Source Matters: High NH 4/NO 3 Ratio Reduces Cannabinoids, Terpenoids, and Yield in Medical Cannabis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:830224. [PMID: 35720524 PMCID: PMC9198551 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.830224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The N form supplied to the plant, ammonium (NH4 +) or nitrate (NO3 -), is a major factor determining the impact of N nutrition on plant function and metabolic responses. We have hypothesized that the ratio of NH4/NO3 supplied to cannabis plants affects the physiological function and the biosynthesis of cannabinoids and terpenoids, which are major factors in the cannabis industry. To evaluate the hypothesis we examined the impact of five supply ratios of NH4/NO3 (0, 10, 30, 50, and 100% N-NH4 +, under a uniform level of 200 mg L-1 N) on plant response. The plants were grown in pots, under controlled environment conditions. The results revealed high sensitivity of cannabinoid and terpenoid concentrations and plant function to NH4/NO3 ratio, thus supporting the hypothesis. The increase in NH4 supply generally caused an adverse response: Secondary metabolite production, inflorescence yield, plant height, inflorescence length, transpiration and photosynthesis rates, stomatal conductance, and chlorophyll content, were highest under NO3 nutrition when no NH4 was supplied. Ratios of 10-30% NH4 did not substantially impair secondary metabolism and plant function, but produced smaller inflorescences and lower inflorescence yield compared with only NO3 nutrition. Under a level of 50% NH4, the plants demonstrated toxicity symptoms, which appeared only at late stages of plant maturation, and 100% NH4 induced substantial plant damage, resulting in plant death. This study demonstrates a dramatic impact of N form on cannabis plant function and production, with a 46% decrease in inflorescence yield with the increase in NH4 supply from 0 to 50%. Yet, moderate levels of 10-30% NH4 are suitable for medical cannabis cultivation, as they do not damage plant function and show only little adverse influence on yield and cannabinoid production. Higher NH4/NO3 ratios, containing above 30% NH4, are not recommended since they increase the potential for a severe and fatal NH4 toxicity damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avia Saloner
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nirit Bernstein
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel
- *Correspondence: Nirit Bernstein,
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Zhou Y, Kishchenko O, Stepanenko A, Chen G, Wang W, Zhou J, Pan C, Borisjuk N. The Dynamics of NO3- and NH4+ Uptake in Duckweed Are Coordinated with the Expression of Major Nitrogen Assimilation Genes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:11. [PMID: 35009015 PMCID: PMC8747334 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed plants play important roles in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. They rapidly accumulate biomass and have potential uses in bioremediation of water polluted by fertilizer runoff or other chemicals. Here we studied the assimilation of two major sources of inorganic nitrogen, nitrate (NO3- ) and ammonium (NH4+), in six duckweed species: Spirodela polyrhiza, Landoltia punctata, Lemna aequinoctialis, Lemna turionifera, Lemna minor, and Wolffia globosa. All six duckweed species preferred NH4+ over NO3- and started using NO3- only when NH4+ was depleted. Using the available genome sequence, we analyzed the molecular structure and expression of eight key nitrogen assimilation genes in S. polyrhiza. The expression of genes encoding nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase increased about 10-fold when NO3- was supplied and decreased when NH4+ was supplied. NO3- and NH4+ induced the glutamine synthetase (GS) genes GS1;2 and the GS2 by 2- to 5-fold, respectively, but repressed GS1;1 and GS1;3. NH4+ and NO3- upregulated the genes encoding ferredoxin- and NADH-dependent glutamate synthases (Fd-GOGAT and NADH-GOGAT). A survey of nitrogen assimilation gene promoters suggested complex regulation, with major roles for NRE-like and GAATC/GATTC cis-elements, TATA-based enhancers, GA/CTn repeats, and G-quadruplex structures. These results will inform efforts to improve bioremediation and nitrogen use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regional Modern Agriculture and Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, West Changjiang Road 111, Huai’an 223000, China; (Y.Z.); (O.K.); (A.S.); (G.C.); (W.W.); (J.Z.); (C.P.)
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36
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Zoghbi-Rodríguez NM, Gamboa-Tuz SD, Pereira-Santana A, Rodríguez-Zapata LC, Sánchez-Teyer LF, Echevarría-Machado I. Phylogenomic and Microsynteny Analysis Provides Evidence of Genome Arrangements of High-Affinity Nitrate Transporter Gene Families of Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13036. [PMID: 34884876 PMCID: PMC8658032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) and NRT3 or nitrate-assimilation-related 2 (NAR2) proteins families form a two-component, high-affinity nitrate transport system, which is essential for the acquisition of nitrate from soils with low N availability. An extensive phylogenomic analysis across land plants for these families has not been performed. In this study, we performed a microsynteny and orthology analysis on the NRT2 and NRT3 genes families across 132 plants (Sensu lato) to decipher their evolutionary history. We identified significant differences in the number of sequences per taxonomic group and different genomic contexts within the NRT2 family that might have contributed to N acquisition by the plants. We hypothesized that the greater losses of NRT2 sequences correlate with specialized ecological adaptations, such as aquatic, epiphytic, and carnivory lifestyles. We also detected expansion on the NRT2 family in specific lineages that could be a source of key innovations for colonizing contrasting niches in N availability. Microsyntenic analysis on NRT3 family showed a deep conservation on land plants, suggesting a high evolutionary constraint to preserve their function. Our study provides novel information that could be used as guide for functional characterization of these gene families across plant lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Normig M. Zoghbi-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida 97205, Mexico;
| | - Samuel David Gamboa-Tuz
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida 97205, Mexico; (S.D.G.-T.); (L.C.R.-Z.)
| | - Alejandro Pereira-Santana
- Conacyt-Unidad de Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara 44270, Mexico;
| | - Luis C. Rodríguez-Zapata
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida 97205, Mexico; (S.D.G.-T.); (L.C.R.-Z.)
| | - Lorenzo Felipe Sánchez-Teyer
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida 97205, Mexico; (S.D.G.-T.); (L.C.R.-Z.)
| | - Ileana Echevarría-Machado
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida 97205, Mexico;
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Chen H, Huang X, Shi W, Kronzucker HJ, Hou L, Yang H, Song Q, Liu J, Shi J, Yang Q, Zou N. Coordination of nitrogen uptake and assimilation favours the growth and competitiveness of moso bamboo over native tree species in high-NH 4+ environments. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153508. [PMID: 34536905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity and competitive strength are major mechanisms determining the success of invasive species and are influenced by abiotic factors. A rise in the ratio of ammonium (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) in soils is frequently associated with the invasion of bamboo into broad-leaved evergreen forests. However, the influence of soil nitrogen (N) chemistry on plant growth and interspecific competition in the context of invasion remains insufficiently studied. In the present work, differences in plasticity and interspecific competition between native tree species in broad-leaved evergreen forests and invasive bamboo in response to different N forms were investigated using seedlings grown in a controlled environment. We show that moso bamboo responded positively and strongly to increased soil NH4+/NO3- ratios, while the native tree species Sapium sebiferum, Camellia oleifera, and Machilus pauhoi responded negatively and exhibited limited plasticity. Native tree species growth was significantly inhibited in the presence of moso bamboo under high-NH4+ conditions, whereas native tree species were less affected by interspecific competition when NO3- was supplied as the sole N source. By contrast, moso bamboo growth was significantly inhibited, followed by seedling death, in both monoculture and in mixed culture with prolonged NO3- treatment. All species tested exhibited significantly higher rates of 15NH4+ than 15NO3- uptake, but the Michaelis constant (Km) for 15NH4+ uptake was lower in moso bamboo, indicating higher substrate affinity. Nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) activities showed no inducible effects in moso bamboo compared to the induction response seen in the native tree species in response to NO3-. Activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) significantly increased with NH4+ provision in roots of moso bamboo, contrasted by a less plastic response in the native tree species. Enhanced ammonification and reduced nitrification in soils is typically observed during bamboo invasion and appears to create a positive soil-plant feedback loop that, due to highly flexible and opportunistic NH4+-acquisition pathways, favours bamboo fitness and invasion into native forests when NH4+ is the dominant N form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijing Chen
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Lihan Hou
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Qingni Song
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Jianmin Shi
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China
| | - Na Zou
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330045, China.
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Zhou T, Hua Y, Yue C, Huang J, Zhang Z. Physiologic, metabolomic, and genomic investigations reveal distinct glutamine and mannose metabolism responses to ammonium toxicity in allotetraploid rapeseed genotypes. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 310:110963. [PMID: 34315588 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) toxicity has become a serious ecological and agricultural issue owing to increasing soil nitrogen inputs and atmospheric nitrogen deposition. There is accumulating evidence for the mechanisms underlying NH4+-tolerance in rice and Arabidopsis, but similar knowledge for dryland crops is currently limited. We investigated the responses of a natural population of allotetraploid rapeseed to NH4+ and nitrate (NO3-) and screened one NH4+-tolerant genotype (T5) and one NH4+-sensitive genotype (S211). Determination of the shoot and root NH4+ concentrations showed that levels were higher in S211 than in T5. 15NH4+ uptake assays, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity quantification, and relative gene transcriptional analysis indicated that the significantly higher GS activity observed in T5 roots than that in S211 was the main reason for its NH4+-tolerance. In-depth metabolomic analysis verified that Gln metabolism plays an important role in rapeseed NH4+-tolerance. Furthermore, adaptive changes in carbon metabolism were much more active in T5 shoots than in S211. Interestingly, we found that N-glycosylation pathway was significantly induced by NH4+, especially the mannose metabolism, which concentration was 2.75-fold higher in T5 shoots than in S211 with NH4+ treatment, indicating that mannose may be a metabolomic marker which also confers physiological adaptations for NH4+ tolerance in rapeseed. The corresponding amino acid and soluble sugar concentrations and gene expression in T5 and S211 were consistent with these results. Genomic sequencing identified variations in the GLN (encoding GS) and GMP1 (encoding the enzyme that provides GDP-mannose) gene families between the T5 and S211 lines. These genes will be utilized as candidate genes for future investigations of the molecular mechanisms underlying NH4+ tolerance in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Caipeng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jinyong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 430128, PR China.
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Gomes AR, Antão A, Santos AGP, Lacerda TJ, Medeiros MB, Saenz LAI, Alvarenga S, Santos CH, Rigobelo EC, Scotti MR. Rehabilitation of a Riparian Site Contaminated by Tailings from the Fundão Dam, Brazil, Using Different Remediation Strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2021; 40:2359-2373. [PMID: 33928667 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The tailings spilled by the Fundão Dam rupture in the Doce River basin (Brazil) had a high pH, elevated sodium (Na) and ether amine, and low soil organic matter. With the aim of decreasing the toxic compounds, we established 2 remediation strategies: treatment 1, phytoremediation with tolerant native species of the Atlantic Forest cultivated on scraped sediment plus the incorporation of organic matter; and treatment 2, phytoremediation with native species plus superficial deposition of organic matter. The experimental site was compared with a degraded site that the dam tailings had reached and with a preserved site, a fragment of preserved Atlantic Forest. After 12 mo, plants showed an outstanding growth, especially after treatment 1 (~4 m), and the remediation procedures resulted in significant decreases in pH (from 8.0 to ~ 6.0), Na (from 154 to 22-35 mg/kg), electrical conductivity, and ether amine (from 6.0 to 0.5 mg/kg) in both treatments. By contrast, ammonium, a product of ether amine degradation, showed a significant increase in the experimental site, along with a significant increase in nitrate and improvement of soil microbial populations assessed by phospholipid fatty acid analysis. The treatments also improved soil fertility in the experimental site, as estimated by soil nutrients, cation exchange capacity, and soil aggregation. Based on the parameters analyzed, a principal component analysis showed that samples from the degraded site and the preserved site clustered in an opposite position and those from the experimental site clustered in an intermediate position but closer to the samples from the preserved site. Overall, our results demonstrated that the remediation procedures adopted were effective and resulted in rehabilitation of a riparian forest contaminated with dam tailings that included Na and ether amine. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:2359-2373. © 2021 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra R Gomes
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Arthur Antão
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda G P Santos
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tomás J Lacerda
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mirelli B Medeiros
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis Alberto I Saenz
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Stael Alvarenga
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Santos
- Department of Plant Production, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everlon C Rigobelo
- Department of Plant Production, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Scotti
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Science and Graduate Program in Plant Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Architecture School and Graduate Program in Built Environment and Sustainable Heritage, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Di DW, Li G, Sun L, Wu J, Wang M, Kronzucker HJ, Fang S, Chu J, Shi W. High ammonium inhibits root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting auxin conjugation rather than inhibiting auxin biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 261:153415. [PMID: 33894579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) inhibits primary root (PR) growth in most plant species when present even at moderate concentrations. Previous studies have shown that transport of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is critical to maintaining root elongation under high-NH4+ stress. However, the precise regulation of IAA homeostasis under high-NH4+ stress (HAS) remains unclear. In this study, qRT-PCR, RNA-seq, free IAA and IAA conjugate and PR elongation measurements were conducted in genetic mutants to investigate the role of IAA biosynthesis and conjugation under HAS. Our data clearly show that HAS decreases free IAA in roots by increasing IAA inactivation but does not decrease IAA biosynthesis, and that the IAA-conjugating genes GH3.1, GH3.2, GH3.3, GH3.4, and GH3.6 function as the key genes in regulating high-NH4+ sensitivity in the roots. Furthermore, the analysis of promoter::GUS staining in situ and genetic mutants reveals that HAS promotes IAA conjugation in the elongation zone (EZ), which may be responsible for the PR inhibition observed under HAS. This study provides potential new insight into the role of auxin in the improvement of tolerance to NH4+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Wei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210014, China
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Shuang Fang
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinfang Chu
- National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zhang L, Song H, Li B, Wang M, Di D, Lin X, Kronzucker HJ, Shi W, Li G. Induction of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase protects root growth from ammonium toxicity by regulating potassium homeostasis in Arabidopsis and rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4548-4564. [PMID: 33772588 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is toxic to root growth in most plants already at moderate levels of supply, but mechanisms of root growth tolerance to NH4+ remain poorly understood. Here, we report that high levels of NH4+ induce nitric oxide (NO) accumulation, while inhibiting potassium (K+) acquisition via SNO1 (sensitive to nitric oxide 1)/SOS4 (salt overly sensitive 4), leading to the arrest of primary root growth. High levels of NH4+ also stimulated the accumulation of GSNOR (S-nitrosoglutathione reductase) in roots. GSNOR overexpression improved root tolerance to NH4+. Loss of GSNOR further induced NO accumulation, increased SNO1/SOS4 activity, and reduced K+ levels in root tissue, enhancing root growth sensitivity to NH4+. Moreover, the GSNOR-like gene, OsGSNOR, is also required for NH4+ tolerance in rice. Immunoblotting showed that the NH4+-induced GSNOR protein accumulation was abolished in the VTC1- (vitamin C1) defective mutant vtc1-1, which is hypersensititive to NH4+ toxicity. GSNOR overexpression enhanced vtc1-1 root tolerance to NH4+. Our findings suggest that induction of GSNOR increases NH4+ tolerance in Arabidopsis roots by counteracting NO-mediated suppression of tissue K+, which depends on VTC1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Academic Affairs Office, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Baohai Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
| | - Meng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongwei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianyong Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, HangzhouChina
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Poucet T, González-Moro MB, Cabasson C, Beauvoit B, Gibon Y, Dieuaide-Noubhani M, Marino D. Ammonium supply induces differential metabolic adaptive responses in tomato according to leaf phenological stage. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3185-3199. [PMID: 33578414 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are the main inorganic nitrogen sources available to plants. However, exclusive ammonium nutrition may lead to stress characterized by growth inhibition, generally associated with a profound metabolic reprogramming. In this work, we investigated how metabolism adapts according to leaf position in the vertical axis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. M82) plants grown with NH4+, NO3-, or NH4NO3 supply. We dissected leaf biomass composition and metabolism through an integrative analysis of metabolites, ions, and enzyme activities. Under ammonium nutrition, carbon and nitrogen metabolism were more perturbed in mature leaves than in young ones, overall suggesting a trade-off between NH4+ accumulation and assimilation to preserve young leaves from ammonium stress. Moreover, NH4+-fed plants exhibited changes in carbon partitioning, accumulating sugars and starch at the expense of organic acids, compared with plants supplied with NO3-. We explain such reallocation by the action of the biochemical pH-stat as a mechanism to compensate the differential proton production that depends on the nitrogen source provided. This work also underlines that the regulation of leaf primary metabolism is dependent on both leaf phenological stage and the nitrogen source provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Poucet
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Qian J, Jin W, Hu J, Wang P, Wang C, Lu B, Li K, He X, Tang S. Stable isotope analyses of nitrogen source and preference for ammonium versus nitrate of riparian plants during the plant growing season in Taihu Lake Basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:143029. [PMID: 33129526 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants are vital components of the nitrogen (N) cycling in the riparian zones. Understanding of N uptake strategies of riparian plants, including N sources and preference in N forms (ammonium (NH4+) vs. nitrate (NO3-)), is essential to advance our knowledge on the role that plants play in regulating nutrient biogeochemical cyclings in the riparian areas. In this study, stable N isotopes (δ15N) of three riparian plants, including Acorus calamus, Canna indica and Phragmites australis, and the δ15N of NH4+ and NO3- in different sources were measured during the plant growing season (June-September) in the Taihu Lake Basin. The dissolved inorganic N (DIN) from river water, groundwater, rainwater and soil were considered as the major N sources for plants in the riparian ecosystem. Our results indicated that soil was the largest source for plant N nutrition, with significantly different (P < 0.05) contributions from soil observed among plant species (80.5 ± 4.1, 73.9 ± 2.8 and 58.7 ± 6.1% for A. calamus, C. indica, and P. australis, respectively). Meanwhile, complex water networks, shallow water tables, and high DIN content in rainwater lead to nonignorable N contributions from river water, groundwater and rainwater to plants. Groundwater contributed more percentage of N to P. australis (12.8 ± 3.2%) than A. calamus (6.1 ± 1.9%) and C. indica (8.0 ± 1.5%), which is likely attributed to the deeper roots of P. australis. All plants showed similar N preference for NO3- during the growing season. External environmental conditions and plant characteristics and adaption to more abundant soil NO3- content are possible explanations. Our research could provide important information for vegetation selections during the process of riparian ecological restoration. Reasonable choice of vegetation is essential to plant growth and water quality management, especially in agricultural watersheds where N concentrations are relatively high in agricultural runoff due to the wide uses of N fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qian
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen Jin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- Wetland Biogeochemistry Laboratory, Soil and Water Sciences Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Bianhe Lu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Xixian He
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, People's Republic of China
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Kim Y, Lee YS, Wee J, Hong J, Lee M, Kim JG, Bae YJ, Cho K. Process-based modeling to assess the nutrient removal efficiency of two endangered hydrophytes: Linking nutrient-cycle with a multiple-quotas approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:144223. [PMID: 33373786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophytes have been widely used to reduce nutrient levels in aquatic ecosystems, but only limited species with high nutrient removal efficiencies have been implemented. Thus, it is necessary to continually explore new candidate species with high nutrient removal efficiencies. To effectively explore the nutrient removal ability of hydrophytes, a new process-based model combining the multiple-quotas approach and nutrient-cycle model was developed. The multiple-quotas approach provides a theoretical framework to conceptually explain the uptake and response of autotrophs to multiple nutrients. The developed process-based model was validated using observational data from microcosm experiments with two emergent hydrophytes, Menyanthes trifoliata and Cicuta virosa. The results showed that both M. trifoliata and C. virosa effectively reduced nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in both water and sediment layers, but M. trifoliata showed a higher removal efficiency for both nutrients than C. virosa, particularly for total ammonia + ammonium-nitrogen (NHx-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) in the sediment layer (M. trifoliata: 0.579-0.976 for NHx-N, 0.567-0.702 for NO3-N; C. virosa: 0.212-0.501 for NHx-N, 0.466-0.560 for NO3-N). In addition, M. trifoliata achieved the maximum removal efficiency for N and P at higher nutrient exposure levels than C. virosa (M. trifoliata: exposure level of 0.725-0.775; C. virosa: exposure level of 0.550-0.575). The developed model well simulated the species-specific growth patterns of hydrophytes depending on the nutrient exposure level as well as the N and P dynamics in the water and sediment layers. The approach adopted in this study provides a useful tool for discovering candidate species to improve hydrophyte diversity and effectively remove nutrients from aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongeun Kim
- Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sik Lee
- Ojeong Resilience Institute, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - June Wee
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinsol Hong
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Geun Kim
- Department of Biology Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Jae Bae
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kijong Cho
- Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Konaré S, Boudsocq S, Gignoux J, Lata J, Raynaud X, Barot S. Spatial heterogeneity in nitrification and soil exploration by trees favour source–sink dynamics in a humid savanna: A modelling approach. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Konaré
- Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité de ParisUPEC, IRDCNRSINRAInstitute of Ecology and Environmental SciencesiEES Paris Paris France
| | - Simon Boudsocq
- Eco&SolsINRACIRADIRDMontpellier SupAgroUniv Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Jacques Gignoux
- Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité de ParisUPEC, IRDCNRSINRAInstitute of Ecology and Environmental SciencesiEES Paris Paris France
| | - Jean‐Christophe Lata
- Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité de ParisUPEC, IRDCNRSINRAInstitute of Ecology and Environmental SciencesiEES Paris Paris France
- Department of Geoecology and Geochemistry Institute of Natural Resources Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk Russia
| | - Xavier Raynaud
- Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité de ParisUPEC, IRDCNRSINRAInstitute of Ecology and Environmental SciencesiEES Paris Paris France
| | - Sébastien Barot
- Sorbonne UniversitéUniversité de ParisUPEC, IRDCNRSINRAInstitute of Ecology and Environmental SciencesiEES Paris Paris France
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Robert G, Yagyu M, Koizumi T, Naya L, Masclaux-Daubresse C, Yoshimoto K. Ammonium stress increases microautophagic activity while impairing macroautophagic flux in Arabidopsis roots. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:1083-1097. [PMID: 33222335 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant responses to NH4+ stress are complex, and multiple mechanisms underlying NH4+ sensitivity and tolerance in plants may be involved. Here, we demonstrate that macro- and microautophagic activities are oppositely affected in plants grown under NH4+ toxicity conditions. When grown under NH4+ stress conditions, macroautophagic activity was impaired in roots. Root cells accumulated autophagosomes in the cytoplasm, but showed less autophagic flux, indicating that late steps of the macroautophagy process are affected under NH4+ stress conditions. Under this scenario, we also found that the CCZ1-MON1 complex, a critical factor for vacuole delivery pathways, functions in the late step of the macroautophagic pathway in Arabidopsis. In contrast, an accumulation of tonoplast-derived vesicles was observed in vacuolar lumens of root cells of NH4+ -stressed plants, suggesting the induction of a microautophagy-like process. In this sense, some SYP22-, but mainly VAMP711-positive vesicles were observed inside vacuole in roots of NH4+ -stressed plants. Consistent with the increased tonoplast degradation and the reduced membrane flow to the vacuole due to the impaired macroautophagic flux, the vacuoles of root cells of NH4+ -stressed plants showed a simplified structure and lower tonoplast content. Taken together, this study presents evidence that postulates late steps of the macroautophagic process as a relevant physiological mechanism underlying the NH4+ sensitivity response in Arabidopsis, and additionally provides insights into the molecular tools for studying microautophagy in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germán Robert
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) - Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos Genéticos Vegetales (IFRGV), Av. 11 de Septiembre, Córdoba, 4755-X5020ICA, Argentina
- Unidad de doble dependencia INTA-CONICET (UDEA), Av. 11 de Septiembre, Córdoba, 4755-X5020ICA, Argentina
| | - Mako Yagyu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Takaya Koizumi
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Loreto Naya
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Kohki Yoshimoto
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
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Jia X, Huangfu C, Hui D. Nitrogen Uptake by Two Plants in Response to Plant Competition as Regulated by Neighbor Density. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:584370. [PMID: 33362813 PMCID: PMC7758497 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.584370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant species may acquire different forms of nitrogen (N) to reduce competition for the same resource, but how plants respond to neighbors with different densities in their N uptake is still poorly understood. We investigated the effects of competition regime on the uptake of different N forms by two hygrophytes, Carex thunbergii and Polygonum criopolitanum, by conducting a hydroponic test of excised roots and an in situ experiment in a subtropical wetland ecosystem. The two species were grown either in monocultures or mixtures with various neighbor densities. Root functional traits and N uptake rates of different N forms were measured. Our results showed that N uptake was mainly determined by N form, rather than species identity. Both species were able to use organic N sources, but they took up relatively more N supplied as NO 3 - than as NH 4 + or glycine, irrespective of competition treatments. Both species preferred NO 3 - when grown in monoculture, but in the presence of competitors, the preference of fast-growing C. thunbergii persisted while P. criopolitanum acquired more NH 4 + and glycine, with stronger responses being observed at the highest neighbor density. The hydroponic test suggested that these divergences in N acquisition between two species might be partially explained by different root functional traits. To be specific, N uptake rates were significantly positively correlated with root N concentration and specific root length, but negatively correlated with root dry matter content. Our results implicated that C. thunbergii has a competitive advantage with relatively more stable N acquisition strategy despite a lower N recovery than P. criopolitanum, whereas P. criopolitanum could avoid competition with C. thunbergii via a better access to organic N sources, partly mediated by competition regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Jia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Chaohe Huangfu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Zou N, Shi W, Hou L, Kronzucker HJ, Huang L, Gu H, Yang Q, Deng G, Yang G. Superior growth, N uptake and NH4+ tolerance in the giant bamboo Phyllostachys edulis over the broad-leaved tree Castanopsis fargesii at elevated NH4+ may underlie community succession and favor the expansion of bamboo. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:1606-1622. [PMID: 32816018 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The unbridled expansion of bamboo has imposed serious threats on ecosystem processes and functions. Considerable evidence indicates that bamboo invasions can alter plant-available soil nitrogen (N) pools and rates of N cycling, but the consequences of altered N availability for plant growth and community structure have thus far been poorly characterized. The primary soil-accessible N forms for most plants are ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-), but plants differ in their ability to use the different N forms, and these differences can be related to their ecological characteristics and drive community structure. In this context, we evaluated the growth response, N uptake and interspecific competition in two subtropical species, Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houzeau (Synonym Phyllostachys heterocycla Carrière) and Castanopsis fargesii Franch., dominant species of bamboo and secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests, respectively, under changing N availability in seedlings supplied with different N concentrations and NH4+/NO3- proportions, in vermiculite culture, in a controlled environment. The results show that (i) both species display an NH4+ preference at elevated N concentrations. The growth of P. edulis seedlings was strongly enhanced at increased ratios of NH4+ to NO3- especially at higher N concentrations, but to a much lesser extent in C. fargesii. (ii) NH4+ preference at the level of N uptake in both species was confirmed by the Non-invasive Micro-test Technology and by examining 15N signatures. Phyllostachys edulis had higher NH4+ net fluxes and N concentration under NH4+ treatments than C. fargesii. (iii) NH4+ at higher concentrations caused toxicity in both species as it inhibited root growth and even caused seedling death, but P. edulis had a higher NH4+-tolerance threshold (24 mM) than C. fargesii (16 mM). (iv) When mixed-species cultures were examined in an NH4+-rich medium, the growth of C. fargesii, but not P. edulis, was significantly inhibited compared with growth in monoculture. Therefore, P. edulis exhibited stronger plasticity and adaptation to changing N availability, whereas C. fargesii had low responsiveness and capacity to acclimate to soil N changes. Phyllostachys edulis displayed a significant competitive growth advantage compared with C. fargesii on NH4+-dominated substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zou
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lihan Hou
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 757 Swanston Street, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, 2185 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Hongmei Gu
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Guanghua Deng
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Guangyao Yang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Avenue, Nanchang, 330045, China
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Combined Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis of Masson Pine ( Pinus massoniana Lamb.) Seedling Root in Response to Nitrate and Ammonium Supplementations. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207548. [PMID: 33066140 PMCID: PMC7593940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. Plant species respond to N fluctuations and N sources, i.e., ammonium or nitrate, differently. Masson pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) is one of the pioneer plants in the southern forests of China. It shows better growth when grown in medium containing ammonium as compared to nitrate. In this study, we had grown masson pine seedlings in medium containing ammonium, nitrate, and a mixture of both, and performed comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses to observe the differential signatures. Our transcriptome and proteome resulted in the identification of 1593 and 71 differentially expressed genes and proteins, respectively. Overall, the masson pine roots had better performance when fed with a mixture of ammonium and nitrate. The transcriptomic and proteomics results combined with the root morphological responses suggest that when ammonium is supplied as a sole N-source to masson pine seedlings, the expression of ammonium transporters and other non-specific NH4+-channels increased, resulting in higher NH4+ concentrations. This stimulates lateral roots branching as evidenced from increased number of root tips. We discussed the root performance in association with ethylene responsive transcription factors, WRKYs, and MADS-box transcription factors. The differential analysis data suggest that the adaptability of roots to ammonium is possibly through the promotion of TCA cycle, owing to the higher expression of malate synthase and malate dehydrogenase. Masson pine seedlings managed the increased NH4+ influx by rerouting N resources to asparagine production. Additionally, flavonoid biosynthesis and flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways were differentially regulated in response to increased ammonium influx. Finally, changes in the glutathione s-transferase genes suggested the role of glutathione cycle in scavenging the possible stress induced by excess NH4+. These results demonstrate that masson pine shows increased growth when grown under ammonium by increased N assimilation. Furthermore, it can tolerate high NH4+ content by involving asparagine biosynthesis and glutathione cycle.
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Zou N, Huang L, Chen H, Huang X, Song Q, Yang Q, Wang T. Nitrogen form plays an important role in the growth of moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9938. [PMID: 32995091 PMCID: PMC7501804 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to gain an understanding of the growth response of Phyllostachys edulis (moso bamboo) seedlings to nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) to benefit nutrient management practices and the design of proper fertilizer in nursery cultivation. Methods An orthogonal array L8(4×24) was used to study the effects of N forms (NH4+, NO3−), N concentrations (8, 32 mmol/L), and K+concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 3 mmol/L) on seedling height, leaf number, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), biomass, root systems, and N content of P. edulis seedlings. Plants were grown in vermiculite under controlled greenhouse conditions. Results Our study showed that N form played a significant role in the overall performance of P. edulis seedlings, followed by the effect of N and K+ concentrations. Among the N forms, NH4+ significantly improved the growth of P. edulis seedlings compared with NO3−. Seedling height, leaf number, chlorophyll SPAD value, biomass, and root system architecture (root length, root surface area, root volume, and root tips) were greater with 8 mmol/L of NH4+ treatments than with 32 mmol/L of NH4+treatments, whereas root diameter and N content of P. edulis seedlings were higher with 32 mmol/L of NH4+ than with 8 mmol/L of NH4+. K displayed inconsistent effects on the growth of P. edulis seedlings. Specifically, seedling height, leaf number, biomass and root volume increased when the K+ concentration was increased from 0 to 0.5 mmol/L, followed by a decrease when the K+ concentration was further increased from 0.5 to 3 mmol/L. Root average diameter of the seedlings was the highest with a K+ concentration of 1.5 mmol/L, and K had some inhibitory effects on the chlorophyll SPAD value of the seedlings. P. edulis seedlings performed well with 8 mmol/L NH4+and further tolerated a higher concentration of both NH4+ and NO3−, although excessive N could inhibit seedling growth. A lower concertation of K (≤ 0.5 mmol/L) promoted seedling growth and increasing K+ concentration in the nutrient solution did not alleviate the inhibitory effect of high N on the growth of P. edulis seedlings. Therefore, NH4+nitrogen as the main form of N fertilizer, together with a low concertation of K+, should be supplied in the cultivation and nutrient management practices of moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zou
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ling Huang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huijing Chen
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Huang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qingni Song
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianchi Wang
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited (Plant & Food Research), Auckland, New Zealand
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