1
|
Nam Y, Na J, Ma SX, Park H, Park H, Lee E, Kim H, Jang SM, Ko HS, Kim S. DJ-1 protects cell death from a mitochondrial oxidative stress due to GBA1 deficiency. Genes Genomics 2024; 46:519-529. [PMID: 38460098 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-024-01506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GBA1 mutations are the most common genetic risk factor for development of Parkinson's disease (PD). The loss of catalytic activity in GBA1, as well as the reduction of the GBA1 protein in certain cellular compartment, may increase disease progression. However, the mechanisms underlying cellular dysfunction caused by GBA1 deficiency are still mostly unknown. OBJECTIVE In this study, we focus on the genetic interaction between GBA1 deficiency and PD-causing genes, such as DJ-1, in mitochondrial dysfunction. METHODS GBA1 knockout (KO) SH-SY5Y cells were used to assess DJ-1 functions against oxidative stress in vitro. The levels of cellular reactive oxygen species were monitored with MitoSOX reagent. The expression of the PARK7 gene was analyzed using the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). To understand the mechanism underlying DJ-1 upregulation in GBA1 KO cells, we assess ROS levels, antioxidant protein, and cell viability in GBA1 KO cells with treatment of ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-cysteine or miglustat, which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. Dopaminergic degeneration was assessed from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice. RESULTS We find that DJ-1 is significantly upregulated in GBA1 KO cells. Elevated levels of DJ-1 are attributed to the transcriptional expression of PARK7 mRNA, but not the inhibition of DJ-1 protein degradation. Because DJ-1 expression is highly linked to oxidative stress, we observe cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in GBA1 KO cells. Moreover, several antioxidant gene expressions and protein levels are increased in GBA1 KO cells. To this end, GBA1 KO cells are more susceptible to H2O2-induced cell death. Importantly, there is a significant reduction in dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain from Gba1 L444P heterozygous mice mated with Park7 knockout mice, followed by mild motor dysfunction. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that DJ-1 upregulation due to GBA1 deficiency has a protective role against oxidative stress. It may be supposed that mutations or malfunctions in the DJ-1 protein may have disadvantages in the survival of dopaminergic neurons in the brains of patients harboring GBA1 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Younwoo Nam
- Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Na
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi-Xun Ma
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Haeun Park
- Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonwoo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunmin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerynn Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Jang
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Sangjune Kim
- Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moors TE, Morella ML, Bertran-Cobo C, Geut H, Udayar V, Timmermans-Huisman E, Ingrassia AMT, Brevé JJP, Bol JGJM, Bonifati V, Jagasia R, van de Berg WDJ. Altered TFEB subcellular localization in nigral neurons of subjects with incidental, sporadic and GBA-related Lewy body diseases. Acta Neuropathol 2024; 147:67. [PMID: 38581586 PMCID: PMC10998821 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-024-02707-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of genes involved in the maintenance of autophagic and lysosomal homeostasis, processes which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of GBA-related and sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). TFEB activation results in its translocation from the cytosol to the nucleus. Here, we investigated TFEB subcellular localization and its relation to intracellular alpha-synuclein (aSyn) accumulation in post-mortem human brain of individuals with either incidental Lewy body disease (iLBD), GBA-related PD/DLB (GBA-PD/DLB) or sporadic PD/DLB (sPD/DLB), compared to control subjects. We analyzed nigral dopaminergic neurons using high-resolution confocal and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and semi-quantitatively scored the TFEB subcellular localization patterns. We observed reduced nuclear TFEB immunoreactivity in PD/DLB patients compared to controls, both in sporadic and GBA-related cases, as well as in iLBD cases. Nuclear depletion of TFEB was more pronounced in neurons with Ser129-phosphorylated (pSer129) aSyn accumulation in all groups. Importantly, we observed previously-unidentified TFEB-immunopositive perinuclear clusters in human dopaminergic neurons, which localized at the Golgi apparatus. These TFEB clusters were more frequently observed and more severe in iLBD, sPD/DLB and GBA-PD/DLB compared to controls, particularly in pSer129 aSyn-positive neurons, but also in neurons lacking detectable aSyn accumulation. In aSyn-negative cells, cytoplasmic TFEB clusters were more frequently observed in GBA-PD/DLB and iLBD patients, and correlated with reduced GBA enzymatic activity as well as increased Braak LB stage. Altered TFEB distribution was accompanied by a reduction in overall mRNA expression levels of selected TFEB-regulated genes, indicating a possible early dysfunction of lysosomal regulation. Overall, we observed cytoplasmic TFEB retention and accumulation at the Golgi in cells without apparent pSer129 aSyn accumulation in iLBD and PD/DLB patients. This suggests potential TFEB impairment at the early stages of cellular disease and underscores TFEB as a promising therapeutic target for synucleinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim E Moors
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martino L Morella
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cesc Bertran-Cobo
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke Geut
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vinod Udayar
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development; Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelien Timmermans-Huisman
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela M T Ingrassia
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John J P Brevé
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John G J M Bol
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Erasmus MC, Department of Clinical Genetics, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development; Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Usenko T, Bezrukova A, Basharova K, Baydakova G, Shagimardanova E, Blatt N, Rizvanov A, Limankin O, Novitskiy M, Shnayder N, Izyumchenko A, Nikolaev M, Zabotina A, Lavrinova A, Kulabukhova D, Nasyrova R, Palchikova E, Zalutskaya N, Miliukhina I, Barbitoff Y, Glotov O, Glotov A, Taraskina A, Neznanov N, Zakharova E, Pchelina S. Altered Sphingolipid Hydrolase Activities and Alpha-Synuclein Level in Late-Onset Schizophrenia. Metabolites 2023; 14:30. [PMID: 38248833 PMCID: PMC10819534 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent data described that patients with lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) may have clinical schizophrenia (SCZ) features. Disruption of lipid metabolism in SCZ pathogenesis was found. Clinical features of schizophrenia (SCZ) have been demonstrated in patients with several lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Taking into account the critical role of lysosomal function for neuronal cells' lysosomal dysfunction could be proposed in SCZ pathogenesis. The current study analyzed lysosomal enzyme activities and the alpha-synuclein level in the blood of patients with late-onset SCZ. In total, 52 SCZ patients with late-onset SCZ, 180 sporadic Parkinson's disease (sPD) patients, and 176 controls were recruited. The enzymatic activity of enzymes associated with mucopolysaccharidosis (alpha-L-Iduronidase (IDUA)), glycogenosis (acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA)) and sphingolipidosis (galactosylceramidase (GALC), glucocerebrosidase (GCase), alpha-galactosidase (GLA), acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase)) and concentration of lysosphingolipids (hexosylsphingosine (HexSph), globotriaosylsphingosine (LysoGb3), and lysosphingomyelin (LysoSM)) were measured using LC-MS/MS. The alpha-synuclein level was estimated in magnetically separated CD45+ blood cells using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, NGS analysis of 11 LSDs genes was conducted in 21 early-onset SCZ patients and 23 controls using the gene panel PGRNseq-NDD. Decreased ASMase, increased GLA activities, and increased HexSpn, LysoGb3, and LysoSM concentrations along with an accumulation of the alpha-synuclein level were observed in late-onset SCZ patients in comparison to the controls (p < 0.05). Four rare deleterious variants among LSDs genes causing mucopolysaccharidosis type I (IDUA (rs532731688, rs74385837) and type III (HGSNAT (rs766835582)) and sphingolipidosis (metachromatic leukodystrophy (ARSA (rs201251634)) were identified in five patients from the group of early-onset SCZ patients but not in the controls. Our findings supported the role of sphingolipid metabolism in SCZ pathogenesis. Aberrant enzyme activities and compounds of sphingolipids associated with ceramide metabolism may lead to accumulation of alpha-synuclein and may be critical in SCZ pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Usenko
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anastasia Bezrukova
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Katerina Basharova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Galina Baydakova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
- Research Center for Medical Genetics, 115478 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Shagimardanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Nataliya Blatt
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
| | - Albert Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (E.S.); (N.B.); (A.R.)
- Division of Medical and Biological Sciences, Tatarstan Academy of Sciences, 420111 Kazan, Russia
| | - Oleg Limankin
- Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 Named after P. P. Kashchenko, 195009 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- North-Western Medical University Named after P. I.I. Mechnikov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maxim Novitskiy
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Natalia Shnayder
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Artem Izyumchenko
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Mikhail Nikolaev
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Zabotina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Lavrinova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Darya Kulabukhova
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Regina Nasyrova
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
| | - Ekaterina Palchikova
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | - Natalia Zalutskaya
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | - Irina Miliukhina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
- Institute of the Human Brain of RAS, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yury Barbitoff
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- Cerbalab Ltd., 197136 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Bioinformatics Institute, 197342 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg Glotov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- Cerbalab Ltd., 197136 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Pediatric Research and Clinical Center of Infectious Diseases, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Glotov
- D.O. Ott Research Institute for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.B.); (O.G.); (A.G.)
- School of Medicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia Taraskina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Nikolai Neznanov
- Center for Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology of the N.N. V.M. Bekhtereva, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (M.N.); (N.S.); (R.N.); (N.N.)
- V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (E.P.); (N.Z.)
| | | | - Sofya Pchelina
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies Research Center, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (T.U.); (A.B.); (A.I.); (M.N.); (A.Z.); (D.K.); (I.M.); (A.T.); (S.P.)
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 188300 Gatchina, Russia (G.B.); (A.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei J, Wong LC, Boland S. Lipids as Emerging Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:131. [PMID: 38203300 PMCID: PMC10778656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are molecules that can be used to observe changes in an individual's biochemical or medical status and provide information to aid diagnosis or treatment decisions. Dysregulation in lipid metabolism in the brain is a major risk factor for many neurodegenerative disorders, including frontotemporal dementia, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Thus, there is a growing interest in using lipids as biomarkers in neurodegenerative diseases, with the anionic phospholipid bis(monoacylglycerol)phosphate and (glyco-)sphingolipids being the most promising lipid classes thus far. In this review, we provide a general overview of lipid biology, provide examples of abnormal lysosomal lipid metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss how these insights might offer novel and promising opportunities in biomarker development and therapeutic discovery. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of lipid biomarkers and biomarker panels in diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment response in the clinic.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mubariz F, Saadin A, Lingenfelter N, Sarkar C, Banerjee A, Lipinski MM, Awad O. Deregulation of mTORC1-TFEB axis in human iPSC model of GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1152503. [PMID: 37332877 PMCID: PMC10272450 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1152503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene are the single most frequent genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Neurodegenerative changes in GBA1-associated PD have been linked to the defective lysosomal clearance of autophagic substrates and aggregate-prone proteins. To elucidate novel mechanisms contributing to proteinopathy in PD, we investigated the effect of GBA1 mutations on the transcription factor EB (TFEB), the master regulator of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP). Using PD patients' induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), we examined TFEB activity and regulation of the ALP in dopaminergic neuronal cultures generated from iPSC lines harboring heterozygous GBA1 mutations and the CRISPR/Cas9-corrected isogenic controls. Our data showed a significant decrease in TFEB transcriptional activity and attenuated expression of many genes in the CLEAR network in GBA1 mutant neurons, but not in the isogenic gene-corrected cells. In PD neurons, we also detected increased activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex1 (mTORC1), the main upstream negative regulator of TFEB. Increased mTORC1 activity resulted in excess TFEB phosphorylation and decreased nuclear translocation. Pharmacological mTOR inhibition restored TFEB activity, decreased ER stress and reduced α-synuclein accumulation, indicating improvement of neuronal protiostasis. Moreover, treatment with the lipid substrate reducing compound Genz-123346, decreased mTORC1 activity and increased TFEB expression in the mutant neurons, suggesting that mTORC1-TFEB alterations are linked to the lipid substrate accumulation. Our study unveils a new mechanism contributing to PD susceptibility by GBA1 mutations in which deregulation of the mTORC1-TFEB axis mediates ALP dysfunction and subsequent proteinopathy. It also indicates that pharmacological restoration of TFEB activity could be a promising therapeutic approach in GBA1-associated neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Mubariz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Afsoon Saadin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas Lingenfelter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Chinmoy Sarkar
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Aditi Banerjee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marta M. Lipinski
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ola Awad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
A versatile fluorescence-quenched substrate for quantitative measurement of glucocerebrosidase activity within live cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200553119. [PMID: 35858317 PMCID: PMC9304032 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200553119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of activity of the lysosomal glycosidase β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) causes the lysosomal storage disease Gaucher disease (GD) and has emerged as the greatest genetic risk factor for the development of both Parkinson disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies. There is significant interest into how GCase dysfunction contributes to these diseases, however, progress toward a full understanding is complicated by presence of endogenous cellular factors that influence lysosomal GCase activity. Indeed, such factors are thought to contribute to the high degree of variable penetrance of GBA mutations among patients. Robust methods to quantitatively measure GCase activity within lysosomes are therefore needed to advance research in this area, as well as to develop clinical assays to monitor disease progression and assess GCase-directed therapeutics. Here, we report a selective fluorescence-quenched substrate, LysoFQ-GBA, which enables measuring endogenous levels of lysosomal GCase activity within living cells. LysoFQ-GBA is a sensitive tool for studying chemical or genetic perturbations of GCase activity using either fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. We validate the quantitative nature of measurements made with LysoFQ-GBA using various cell types and demonstrate that it accurately reports on both target engagement by GCase inhibitors and the GBA allele status of cells. Furthermore, through comparisons of GD, PD, and control patient-derived tissues, we show there is a close correlation in the lysosomal GCase activity within monocytes, neuronal progenitor cells, and neurons. Accordingly, analysis of clinical blood samples using LysoFQ-GBA may provide a surrogate marker of lysosomal GCase activity in neuronal tissue.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ghatti S, Yoon E, Lopez G, Ehrlich D, Horovitz SG. Imaging and genetics in Parkinson's disease: assessment of the GBA1 mutation. J Neurol 2022; 269:5347-5355. [PMID: 35604467 PMCID: PMC10402751 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11181-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several genetic variants are associated with an increased risk for developing Parkinson's Disease (PD) and limited genotype/phenotype correlation. Specifically, mutations in GBA1, the gene coding for the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase, are associated with an earlier age of onset and faster disease progression. Given these phenotypic differences associated with GBA1 variants, we explored whether cortical thickness and other biomarkers of neurodegeneration differed in healthy controls and PD patients with and without GBA1 variants. METHODS To understand how different GBA1 variants influence PD phenotype early in the disease, we retrieved neuroimaging and biospecimen data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database. Using FreeSurfer, we compared T1-weighted MRI images from healthy controls (N = 47) to PD patients with heterozygous N370S (N = 21), heterozygous E326K (N = 18) or heterozygous T369M (N = 8) variants, and GBA1 non-mutation carriers (N = 47). RESULTS Cortical thickness in PD patients differed from controls in the parietal cortex, with E365K, T369M variants, and GBA1 non-mutation carriers showing more cortical thinning than N370S variants. Patients with N370S variants had significantly higher serum neurofilament light levels among all groups. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate significant cortical thinning in PD patients independent of genotype in superior parietal and postcentral regions when compared to the controls. They highlight the impact of GBA1 variants on cortical thickness in the parietal cortex. Finally, they suggest that recently diagnosed PD patients with N370S variants have a higher cortical thickness and increased active neurodegeneration when compared to PD patients without GBA1 mutations and PD patients with E326K or T369M variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Ghatti
- National Institutes of Neurological Disease and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Esther Yoon
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Grisel Lopez
- National Human Genome Research Institutes, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Debra Ehrlich
- National Institutes of Neurological Disease and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Silvina G Horovitz
- National Institutes of Neurological Disease and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Uthailak N, Kajiura H, Misaki R, Fujiyama K. Production of recombinant β-glucocerebrosidase in wild-type and glycoengineered transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana root cultures with different N-glycan profiles. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:481-488. [PMID: 35190260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by an insufficiency of active β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Exogenous recombinant GCase via enzyme replacement therapy is considered the most practical treatment for Gaucher disease. Mannose receptors mediate the efficient uptake of exogenous GCase into macrophages. Thus, terminal mannose residues on N-glycans are essential for the delivery of exogenous GCase. In this study, recombinant GCase was produced in root cultures of wild-type (WT) and glycoengineered transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana with downregulated N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I expression. Root cultures of WT and glycoengineered transgenic N. benthamiana plants were successfully generated by the induction of plant hormones. Recombinant GCases produced in both root cultures possessed GCase enzyme activity. Purified GCases derived from both root cultures revealed different N-glycan profiles. The WT-derived GCase possessed the predominant plant-type N-glycans, which contain plant-specific sugars-linkages, specifically β1,2-xylose and α1,3-fucose residues. Notably, the mannosidic-type N-glycans with terminal mannose residues were abundant in the purified GCase derived from glycoengineered N. benthamiana root culture. This research provides a promising plant-based system for the production of recombinant GCase with terminal mannose residues on N-glycans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Kajiura
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryo Misaki
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University Cooperative Research Station in Southeast Asia (OU:CRS), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Rahul, Siddique YH. Drosophila: A Model to Study the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 21:259-277. [PMID: 35040399 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210809120621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human Central Nervous System (CNS) is the complex part of the human body, which regulates multiple cellular and molecular events taking place simultaneously. Parkinsons Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease (AD). The pathological hallmarks of PD are loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantianigra (SN) pars compacta (SNpc) and accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein, in intra-cytoplasmic inclusions called Lewy bodies (LBs). So far, there is no cure for PD, due to the complexities of molecular mechanisms and events taking place during the pathogenesis of PD. Drosophila melanogaster is an appropriate model organism to unravel the pathogenicity not only behind PD but also other NDs. In this context as numerous biological functions are preserved between Drosophila and humans. Apart from sharing 75% of human disease-causing genes homolog in Drosophila, behavioral responses like memory-based tests, negative geotaxis, courtship and mating are also well studied. The genetic, as well as environmental factors, can be studied in Drosophila to understand the geneenvironment interactions behind the disease condition. Through genetic manipulation, mutant flies can be generated harboring human orthologs, which can prove to be an excellent model to understand the effect of the mutant protein on the pathogenicity of NDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh,India
| | - Yasir Hasan Siddique
- Drosophila Transgenic Laboratory, Section of Genetics, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, Uttar Pradesh,India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kuo SH, Tasset I, Cheng MM, Diaz A, Pan MK, Lieberman OJ, Hutten SJ, Alcalay RN, Kim S, Ximénez-Embún P, Fan L, Kim D, Ko HS, Yacoubian T, Kanter E, Liu L, Tang G, Muñoz J, Sardi SP, Li A, Gan L, Cuervo AM, Sulzer D. Mutant glucocerebrosidase impairs α-synuclein degradation by blockade of chaperone-mediated autophagy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm6393. [PMID: 35138901 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm6393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD) are a set of heterozygous mutant (MT) alleles of the GBA1 gene that encodes β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase), an enzyme normally trafficked through the ER/Golgi apparatus to the lysosomal lumen. We found that half of the GCase in lysosomes from postmortem human GBA-PD brains was present on the lysosomal surface and that this mislocalization depends on a pentapeptide motif in GCase used to target cytosolic protein for degradation by chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). MT GCase at the lysosomal surface inhibits CMA, causing accumulation of CMA substrates including α-synuclein. Single-cell transcriptional analysis and proteomics of brains from GBA-PD patients confirmed reduced CMA activity and proteome changes comparable to those in CMA-deficient mouse brain. Loss of the MT GCase CMA motif rescued primary substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons from MT GCase-induced neuronal death. We conclude that MT GBA1 alleles block CMA function and produce α-synuclein accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Han Kuo
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Inmaculada Tasset
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad de Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Melody M Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Antonio Diaz
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Ming-Kai Pan
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ori J Lieberman
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Samantha J Hutten
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Roy N Alcalay
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Sangjun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Pilar Ximénez-Embún
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), ProteoRed-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Li Fan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Donghoon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Han Seok Ko
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Neurodegeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Talene Yacoubian
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ellen Kanter
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Guomei Tang
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Javier Muñoz
- Proteomics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), ProteoRed-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Aiqun Li
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Li Gan
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ana Maria Cuervo
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Institute for Aging Studies, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - David Sulzer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University , New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY 10032, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Petese A, Cesaroni V, Cerri S, Blandini F. Are Lysosomes Potential Therapeutic Targets for Parkinson's Disease? CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2022; 21:642-655. [PMID: 34370650 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210809123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson´s Disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, affecting ~2-3% of the population over 65 years old. In addition to progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal neurons, the histopathological feature of PD is the accumulation of misfolded α-synuclein protein in abnormal cytoplasmatic inclusions, known as Lewy Bodies (LBs). Recently, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have indicated a clear association of variants within several lysosomal genes with risk for PD. Newly evolving data have been shedding light on the relationship between lysosomal dysfunction and alpha-synuclein aggregation. Defects in lysosomal enzymes could lead to the insufficient clearance of neurotoxic protein materials, possibly leading to selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Specific modulation of lysosomal pathways and their components could be considered a novel opportunity for therapeutic intervention for PD. The purpose of this review is to illustrate lysosomal biology and describe the role of lysosomal dysfunction in PD pathogenesis. Finally, the most promising novel therapeutic approaches designed to modulate lysosomal activity, as a potential disease-modifying treatment for PD will be highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Petese
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Cesaroni
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu DD, Li GQ, Wu ZS, Liu XQ, Yang XX, Wang JH. Bioinformatics analysis and identification of genes and molecular pathways involved in Parkinson's disease in patients with mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene. Neuroreport 2021; 32:918-924. [PMID: 34132705 PMCID: PMC8253507 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GBA) mutations occur frequently in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This study aims to identify potential crucial genes and pathways associated with GBA mutations in patients with PD and to further analyze new molecular mechanisms related to the occurrence of gene mutations from the perspective of bioinformatics. Gene expression profiles of datasets GSE53424 and GSE99142 were acquired from the Gene Expression Ominibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, using the 'limma' package in R, comparing IDI-PD 1 (idiopathic PD patients) and GBA-PD 1 [PD patients with heterozygous GBA mutations (GBA N370S)] group samples. The functions of top modules were assessed using the DAVID, whereas gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed. Protein-protein interaction networks were assembled with Cytoscape software and separated into subnetworks using the Molecular Complex Detection Algorithm. Data from GSE53424 and GSE99142 were also extracted to verify our findings. There were 283 DEGs identified in PD patients heterozygous for GBA mutations. Module analysis revealed that GBA mutations in PD patients were associated with significant pathways, including Calcium signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway and Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Hub genes of the two modules were corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and Melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B). The expression of CRH was downregulated, whereas that of MTNR1B was upregulated in PD patients with GBA mutations. The expression of CRH and MTNR1B has diagnostic value for PD patients with heterozygous GBA mutations. Novel DEGs and pathways identified herein might provide new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of heterozygous GBA mutations in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Guo-Qian Li
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Yang
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| | - Jie-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian 362000, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Berkowitz L, Henríquez MP, Salazar C, Rojas E, Echeverría G, Love GD, Rigotti A, Coe CL, Ryff CD. Association between serum sphingolipids and eudaimonic well-being in white U.S. adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13139. [PMID: 34162955 PMCID: PMC8222370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging research has linked psychological well-being with many physiological markers as well as morbidity and mortality. In this analysis, the relationship between components of eudaimonic well-being and serum sphingolipids levels was investigated using data from a large national survey of middle-aged American adults (Midlife in the United States). Health behaviors (i.e., diet, exercise, and sleep) were also examined as potential mediators of these relationships. Serum levels of total ceramides-the main molecular class of sphingolipids previously associated with several disease conditions-were inversely linked with environmental mastery. In addition, significant correlations were found between specific ceramide, dihydroceramide, and hexosylceramides species with environmental mastery, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Using hierarchical regression and mediation analyses, health behaviors appeared to mediate these associations. However, the link between ceramides and environmental mastery was partially independent of health behaviors, suggesting the role of additional mediating factors. These findings point to sphingolipid metabolism as a novel pathway of health benefits associated with psychological well-being. In particular, having a sense of environmental mastery may promote restorative behaviors and benefit health via improved blood sphingolipid profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loni Berkowitz
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile.
| | | | - Cristian Salazar
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eric Rojas
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guadalupe Echeverría
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gayle D Love
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Attilio Rigotti
- Department of Nutrition, Diabetes and Metabolism, Center of Molecular Nutrition and Chronic Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 328, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christopher L Coe
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Carol D Ryff
- Institute on Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Marshall MS, Issa Y, Heller G, Nguyen D, Bongarzone ER. AAV-Mediated GALC Gene Therapy Rescues Alpha-Synucleinopathy in the Spinal Cord of a Leukodystrophic Lysosomal Storage Disease Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 14:619712. [PMID: 33424556 PMCID: PMC7785790 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.619712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe's disease (KD) is primarily a demyelinating disorder, but recent studies have identified the presence of neuronal protein aggregates in the brain, at least partially composed by alpha-synuclein (α-syn). The role of this protein aggregation in the pathogenesis of KD is largely unknown, but it has added KD to a growing list of lysosomal storage diseases that can be also be considered as proteinopathies. While the presence of these protein aggregates within the KD brain is now appreciated, the remainder of the central nervous system (CNS) remains uncharacterized. This study is the first to report the presence of thioflavin-S reactive inclusions throughout the spinal cord of both murine and human spinal tissue. Stereological analysis revealed the temporal and spatial accumulation of these inclusions within the neurons of the ventral spinal cord vs. those located in the dorsal cord. This study also confirmed that these thio-S positive accumulations are present within neuronal populations and are made up at least in part by α-syn in both the twitcher mouse and cord autopsied material from affected human patients. Significantly, neonatal gene therapy for galactosylceramidase, a treatment that strongly improves the survival and health of KD mice, but not bone marrow transplantation prevents the formation of these inclusions in spinal neurons. These results expand the understanding of α-syn protein aggregation within the CNS of individuals afflicted with KD and underlines the tractability of this problem via early gene therapy, with potential impact to other synucleinopathies such as PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yazan Issa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gregory Heller
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Duc Nguyen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ernesto R Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Uthailak N, Kajiura H, Misaki R, Fujiyama K. Transient Production of Human β-Glucocerebrosidase With Mannosidic-Type N-Glycan Structure in Glycoengineered Nicotiana benthamiana Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:683762. [PMID: 34163514 PMCID: PMC8215604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.683762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder caused by a deficiency of functional enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase). Recombinant GCase has been used in enzyme replacement therapy to treat Gaucher disease. Importantly, the terminal mannose N-glycan structure is essential for the uptake of recombinant GCase into macrophages via the mannose receptor. In this research, recombinant GCase was produced using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression in both wild-type (WT) and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI) downregulated Nicotiana benthamiana (ΔgntI) plants, the latter of which accumulates mannosidic-type N-glycan structures. The successfully produced functional GCase exhibited GCase enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was the same as that of the conventional mammalian-derived GCase. Notably, N-glycan analysis revealed that a mannosidic-type N-glycan structure lacking plant-specific N-glycans (β1,2-xylose and α1,3-fucose residues) was predominant in all glycosylation sites of purified GCase produced from ΔgntI plants. Our research provides a promising alternative plant line as a host for the production of recombinant GCase with a mannosidic-type N-glycan structure. This glycoengineered plant might be applicable to the production of other pharmaceutical proteins, especially mannose receptor targeted protein, for therapeutic uses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Kajiura
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryo Misaki
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Industrial Biotechnology Initiative Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Cooperative Research Station in Southeast Asia, International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Kazuhito Fujiyama
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Akiyama T, Sato S, Ko SBH, Sano O, Sato S, Saito M, Nagai H, Ko MSH, Iwata H. Synthetic mRNA-based differentiation method enables early detection of Parkinson's phenotypes in neurons derived from Gaucher disease-induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 10:572-581. [PMID: 33342090 PMCID: PMC7980209 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease, the most prevalent metabolic storage disorder, is caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene GBA1, which lead to the accumulation of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) in affected cells. Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1), although defined as a nonneuronopathic subtype, is accompanied by an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. To gain insights into the association of progressive accumulation of GlcCer and the Parkinson's disease phenotypes, we generated dopaminergic (DA) neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a GD1 patient and a healthy donor control, and measured GlcCer accumulation by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. We tested two DA neuron differentiation methods: a well‐established method that mimics a step‐wise developmental process from iPSCs to neural progenitor cells, and to DA neurons; and a synthetic mRNA‐based method that overexpresses a transcription factor in iPSCs. GD1‐specific accumulation of GlcCer was detected after 60 days of differentiation by the former method, whereas it was detected after only 10 days by the latter method. With this synthetic mRNA‐based rapid differentiation method, we found that the metabolic defect in GD1 patient cells can be rescued by the overexpression of wild‐type GBA1 or the treatment with an inhibitor for GlcCer synthesis. Furthermore, we detected the increased phosphorylation of α‐synuclein, a biomarker for Parkinson's disease, in DA neurons derived from a GD1 patient, which was significantly decreased by the overexpression of wild‐type GBA1. These results suggest that synthetic mRNA‐based method accelerates the analyses of the pathological mechanisms of Parkinson's disease in GD1 patients and possibly facilitates drug discovery processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Akiyama
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saeko Sato
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeru B H Ko
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Sano
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Sho Sato
- DMPK Laboratories, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Masayo Saito
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagai
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Minoru S H Ko
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Iwata
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Fujisawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
van Eijk M, Ferraz MJ, Boot RG, Aerts JMFG. Lyso-glycosphingolipids: presence and consequences. Essays Biochem 2020; 64:565-578. [PMID: 32808655 PMCID: PMC7517347 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lyso-glycosphingolipids are generated in excess in glycosphingolipid storage disorders. In the course of these pathologies glycosylated sphingolipid species accumulate within lysosomes due to flaws in the respective lipid degrading machinery. Deacylation of accumulating glycosphingolipids drives the formation of lyso-glycosphingolipids. In lysosomal storage diseases such as Gaucher Disease, Fabry Disease, Krabbe disease, GM1 -and GM2 gangliosidosis, Niemann Pick type C and Metachromatic leukodystrophy massive intra-lysosomal glycosphingolipid accumulation occurs. The lysosomal enzyme acid ceramidase generates the deacylated lyso-glycosphingolipid species. This review discusses how the various lyso-glycosphingolipids are synthesized, how they may contribute to abnormal immunity in glycosphingolipid storing lysosomal diseases and what therapeutic opportunities exist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco van Eijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maria J Ferraz
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf G Boot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M F G Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Huh YE, Chiang MSR, Locascio JJ, Liao Z, Liu G, Choudhury K, Kuras YI, Tuncali I, Videnovic A, Hunt AL, Schwarzschild MA, Hung AY, Herrington TM, Hayes MT, Hyman BT, Wills AM, Gomperts SN, Growdon JH, Sardi SP, Scherzer CR. β-Glucocerebrosidase activity in GBA-linked Parkinson disease: The type of mutation matters. Neurology 2020; 95:e685-e696. [PMID: 32540937 PMCID: PMC7455354 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the relationship between clinically relevant types of GBA mutations (none, risk variants, mild mutations, severe mutations) and β-glucocerebrosidase activity in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) in cross-sectional and longitudinal case-control studies. METHODS A total of 481 participants from the Harvard Biomarkers Study (HBS) and the NIH Parkinson's Disease Biomarkers Program (PDBP) were analyzed, including 47 patients with PD carrying GBA variants (GBA-PD), 247 without a GBA variant (idiopathic PD), and 187 healthy controls. Longitudinal analysis comprised 195 participants with 548 longitudinal measurements over a median follow-up period of 2.0 years (interquartile range, 1-2 years). RESULTS β-Glucocerebrosidase activity was low in blood of patients with GBA-PD compared to healthy controls and patients with idiopathic PD, respectively, in HBS (p < 0.001) and PDBP (p < 0.05) in multivariate analyses adjusting for age, sex, blood storage time, and batch. Enzyme activity in patients with idiopathic PD was unchanged. Innovative enzymatic quantitative trait locus (xQTL) analysis revealed a negative linear association between residual β-glucocerebrosidase activity and mutation type with p < 0.0001. For each increment in the severity of mutation type, a reduction of mean β-glucocerebrosidase activity by 0.85 μmol/L/h (95% confidence interval, -1.17, -0.54) was predicted. In a first longitudinal analysis, increasing mutation severity types were prospectively associated with steeper declines in β-glucocerebrosidase activity during a median 2 years of follow-up (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Residual activity of the β-glucocerebrosidase enzyme measured in blood inversely correlates with clinical severity types of GBA mutations in PD. β-Glucocerebrosidase activity is a quantitative endophenotype that can be monitored noninvasively and targeted therapeutically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Eun Huh
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ming Sum Ruby Chiang
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Joseph J Locascio
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Zhixiang Liao
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ganqiang Liu
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Karbi Choudhury
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Yuliya I Kuras
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Idil Tuncali
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Aleksandar Videnovic
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Ann L Hunt
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Michael A Schwarzschild
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Albert Y Hung
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Todd M Herrington
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Michael T Hayes
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Anne-Marie Wills
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Stephen N Gomperts
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - John H Growdon
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Sergio Pablo Sardi
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- From the APDA Center for Advanced Parkinson Research (Y.E.H., J.J.L., Z.L., G.L., K.C., Y.I.K., I.T., M.T.H., C.R.S.) and Precision Neurology Program (Y.E.H., Z.L., G.L., Y.I.K., C.R.S.), Harvard Medical School, and Department of Neurology (Y.E.H., G.L., C.R.S.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Neurology (Y.E.H.), CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea; Rare and Neurological Diseases Therapeutic Area (M.S.R.C., S.P.S.), Sanofi, Framingham, MA; School of Medicine (G.L.), Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; and Department of Neurology (J.J.L., A.V., A.L.H., M.A.S., A.Y.H., T.M.H., B.T.H., A.-M.W., S.N.G., J.H.G., C.R.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zou J, Guo Y, Wei L, Yu F, Yu B, Xu A. Long Noncoding RNA POU3F3 and α-Synuclein in Plasma L1CAM Exosomes Combined with β-Glucocerebrosidase Activity: Potential Predictors of Parkinson's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1104-1119. [PMID: 32236821 PMCID: PMC7609611 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are implicated in the autophagic-lysosomal pathway (ALP) and are closely linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) pathology. β-Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) has also been reported to be correlated with α-synuclein (α-syn) proteostasis. However, lncRNAs and α-syn in neural-derived L1CAM exosomes and GCase activity in the plasma of PD patients have not been studied. This study used an ultrasensitive methodology, fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), to measure plasma L1CAM exosomes and Quanterix Simoa to measure α-syn concentrations in L1CAM exosomes. Eighty-five healthy controls and 93 PD patients were enrolled, and several scales were used to rate the severity of PD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were applied to map the diagnostic accuracy of categorizing PD patients and healthy subjects. We found increased Linc-POU3F3 and α-syn concentrations in L1CAM exosomes and decreased GCase activity in PD patients compared with controls. The three biomarkers displayed obvious differences among PD patients based on gender, H-Y stage, and UPDRS-III distribution. Interestingly, Linc-POU3F3 was significantly positively correlated with α-syn in L1CAM exosomes and inversely correlated with GCase activity in PD patients. Significant correlations were observed among L1CAM exosomal Linc-POU3F3 levels, GCase activity, and PD severity, including motor/cognitive dysfunction. Additionally, the combination of Linc-POU3F3 and α-syn in L1CAM exosomes and GCase activity could discriminate PD patients from controls. These results suggest that L1CAM exosomal Linc-POU3F3, L1CAM exosomal α-syn, and GCase activity may shed light on the mechanism underlying the autophagic-lysosomal system in the pathogenesis of PD and could be used to assess the severity of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zou
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Guo
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Yu
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Medicine, Lincoln Medical Center, Bronx, New York, 10451, USA
| | - Anding Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Clinical Neuroscience Institute of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Toffoli M, Vieira SRL, Schapira AHV. Genetic causes of PD: A pathway to disease modification. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108022. [PMID: 32119885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The underline neuropathology of Parkinson disease is pleiomorphic and its genetic background diverse. Possibly because of this heterogeneity, no effective disease modifying therapy is available. In this paper we give an overview of the genetics of Parkinson disease and explain how this is relevant for the development of new therapies. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'The Quest for Disease-Modifying Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Toffoli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - S R L Vieira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - A H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Avenali M, Blandini F, Cerri S. Glucocerebrosidase Defects as a Major Risk Factor for Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:97. [PMID: 32372943 PMCID: PMC7186450 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations of the GBA1 gene, encoding for lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), occur in a considerable percentage of all patients with sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD), varying between 8% and 12% across the world. Genome wide association studies have confirmed the strong correlation between PD and GBA1 mutations, pointing to this element as a major risk factor for PD, possibly the most important one after age. The pathobiological mechanisms underlying the link between a defective function of GCase and the development of PD are still unknown and are currently the focus of intense investigation in the community of pre-clinical and clinical researchers in the PD field. A major controversy regards the fact that, despite the unequivocal correlation between the presence of GBA1 mutations and the risk of developing PD, only a minority of asymptomatic carriers with GBA1 mutations convert to PD in their lifetime. GBA1 mutations reduce the enzymatic function of GCase, impairing lysosomal efficiency and the cellular ability to dispose of pathological alpha-synuclein. Changes in the cellular lipidic content resulting from the accumulation of glycosphingolipids, triggered by lysosomal dysfunction, may contribute to the pathological modification of alpha-synuclein, due to its ability to interact with cell membrane lipids. Mutant GCase can impair mitochondrial function and cause endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby impacting on cellular energy production and proteostasis. Importantly, reduced GCase activity is associated with clear activation of microglia, a major mediator of neuroinflammatory response within the brain parenchyma, which points to neuroinflammation as a major consequence of GCase dysfunction. In this present review article, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of GBA1 mutations in PD development and their phenotypic correlations. We also discuss the potential role of the GCase pathway in the search for PD biomarkers that may enable the development of disease modifying therapies. Answering these questions will aid clinicians in offering more appropriate counseling to the patients and their caregivers and provide future directions for PD preclinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Micol Avenali
- Neurorehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cerri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen Y, Sam R, Sharma P, Chen L, Do J, Sidransky E. Glucocerebrosidase as a therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:287-294. [PMID: 32106725 PMCID: PMC7113099 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1733970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The association between Gaucher disease, caused by the inherited deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, and Parkinson's disease was first recognized in the clinic, noting that patients with Gaucher disease and their carrier relatives had an increased incidence of Parkinson's disease. Currently, mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, with an inverse relationship between glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein, a key factor in Parkinson pathogenesis. The hypothesis that therapeutic enhancement of brain glucocerebrosidase levels might reduce the aggregation, accumulation or spread of α-synuclein has spurred great interest in glucocerebrosidase as a novel therapeutic target.Area covered: This article explores the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the association between GBA1 mutations and Parkinson's disease and outlines therapeutic strategies to increase brain glucocerebrosidase, including gene therapy, targeted delivery of recombinant glucocerebrosidase to the brain, small-molecule chaperones to rescue mutant glucocerebrosidase, and small-molecule modulators to activate wild-type glucocerebrosidase.Expert opinion: Although an improved understanding of the mechanistic basis for GBA1-associated parkinsonism is essential, enhancing levels of brain glucocerebrosidase may have wide therapeutic implications. While gene therapy may ultimately be effective, less expensive and invasive small-molecule non-inhibitory chaperones or activators could significantly impact the disease course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard Sam
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jenny Do
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Glucocerebrosidase: Functions in and Beyond the Lysosome. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030736. [PMID: 32182893 PMCID: PMC7141376 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GCase) is a retaining β-glucosidase with acid pH optimum metabolizing the glycosphingolipid glucosylceramide (GlcCer) to ceramide and glucose. Inherited deficiency of GCase causes the lysosomal storage disorder named Gaucher disease (GD). In GCase-deficient GD patients the accumulation of GlcCer in lysosomes of tissue macrophages is prominent. Based on the above, the key function of GCase as lysosomal hydrolase is well recognized, however it has become apparent that GCase fulfills in the human body at least one other key function beyond lysosomes. Crucially, GCase generates ceramides from GlcCer molecules in the outer part of the skin, a process essential for optimal skin barrier property and survival. This review covers the functions of GCase in and beyond lysosomes and also pays attention to the increasing insight in hitherto unexpected catalytic versatility of the enzyme.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang Y, Chen J, Xu C, Feng J, Li J. Effects of glucocerebrosidase gene polymorphisms and mutations on the risk of Parkinson's disease dementia: A meta-analysis. Neurosci Lett 2020; 714:134544. [PMID: 31672490 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exploring the impact of glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) polymorphisms and mutations on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of GBA polymorphisms and mutations on the risk of PDD and to identify the relationship between GBA genotype and PDD. METHODS A computer-based search was performed to retrieve publications from PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases using the search terms "glucocerebrosidase", "Parkinson's disease", and "dementia". After rigorous screening, cohort studies were included for meta-analysis. RESULTS The risk of PDD in GBA variant carriers was 1.94 times that in non-carriers (hazard ratio [HR], 1.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-2.46). The risk of PDD in GBA polymorphism carriers was 1.87 times that in non-carriers (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.18-2.98). The risk of PDD in GBA mutation carriers was 3.64 times that in non-carriers (HR, 3.64; 95% CI, 2.74-4.83). The risk of PDD in p.L444P variant carriers (HR, 4.81; 95% CI, 3.37-6.86) was significantly higher than that in p.N370S variant carriers (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.29-1.94). CONCLUSION GBA polymorphisms and mutations are potential risk factors for PDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jiajun Chen
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chuan Xu
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jingqi Feng
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, Jilin Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Aerts JMFG, Artola M, van Eijk M, Ferraz MJ, Boot RG. Glycosphingolipids and Infection. Potential New Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:324. [PMID: 31867330 PMCID: PMC6908816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the main topic of this review, are a subclass of sphingolipids. With their glycans exposed to the extracellular space, glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous components of the plasma membrane of cells. GSLs are implicated in a variety of biological processes including specific infections. Several pathogens use GSLs at the surface of host cells as binding receptors. In addition, lipid-rafts in the plasma membrane of host cells may act as platform for signaling the presence of pathogens. Relatively common in man are inherited deficiencies in lysosomal glycosidases involved in the turnover of GSLs. The associated storage disorders (glycosphingolipidoses) show lysosomal accumulation of substrate(s) of the deficient enzyme. In recent years compounds have been identified that allow modulation of GSLs levels in cells. Some of these agents are well tolerated and already used to treat lysosomal glycosphingolipidoses. This review summarizes present knowledge on the role of GSLs in infection and subsequent immune response. It concludes with the thought to apply glycosphingolipid-lowering agents to prevent and/or combat infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M van Eijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M J Ferraz
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R G Boot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Aerts JMFG, Kuo CL, Lelieveld LT, Boer DEC, van der Lienden MJC, Overkleeft HS, Artola M. Glycosphingolipids and lysosomal storage disorders as illustrated by gaucher disease. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 53:204-215. [PMID: 31783225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are important building blocks of the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. They are continuously recycled, involving fragmentation inside lysosomes by glycosidases. Inherited defects in degradation cause lysosomal glycosphingolipid storage disorders. The relatively common glycosphingolipidosis Gaucher disease is highlighted here to discuss new insights in the molecular basis and pathophysiology of glycosphingolipidoses reached by fundamental research increasingly using chemical biology tools. We discuss improvements in the detection of glycosphingolipid metabolites by mass spectrometry and review new developments in laboratory diagnosis and disease monitoring as well as therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes M F G Aerts
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Chi-Lin Kuo
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Lindsey T Lelieveld
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne E C Boer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marta Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhu S, Wuolikainen A, Wu J, Öhman A, Wingsle G, Moritz T, Andersen PM, Forsgren L, Trupp M. Targeted Multiple Reaction Monitoring Analysis of CSF Identifies UCHL1 and GPNMB as Candidate Biomarkers for ALS. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 69:643-657. [PMID: 31721001 PMCID: PMC6858390 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01411-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) share some common molecular deficits including disruption of protein homeostasis leading to disease-specific protein aggregation. While insoluble protein aggregates are the defining pathological confirmation of diagnosis, patient stratification based on early molecular etiologies may identify distinct subgroups within a clinical diagnosis that would respond differently in therapeutic development programs. We are developing targeted multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometry methods to rigorously quantify CSF proteins from known disease genes involved in lysosomal, ubiquitin-proteasomal, and autophagy pathways. Analysis of CSF from 21 PD, 21 ALS, and 25 control patients, rigorously matched for gender, age, and age of sample, revealed significant changes in peptide levels between PD, ALS, and control. In patients with PD, levels of two peptides for chromogranin B (CHGB, secretogranin 1) were significantly reduced. In CSF of patients with ALS, levels of two peptides from ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase like protein 1 (UCHL1) and one peptide each for glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) and cathepsin D (CTSD) were all increased. Analysis of patients with ALS separated into two groups based on length of survival after CSF sampling revealed that the increases in GPNMB and UCHL1 were specific for short-lived ALS patients. While analysis of additional cohorts is required to validate these candidate biomarkers, this study suggests methods for stratification of ALS patients for clinical trials and identifies targets for drug efficacy measurements during therapeutic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Zhu
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Building 10, NUS, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Öhman
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Building 10, NUS, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Wingsle
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Building 10, NUS, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Forsgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Building 10, NUS, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Miles Trupp
- Department of Clinical Science, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Building 10, NUS, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang SY, Gegg M, Chau D, Schapira A. Glucocerebrosidase activity, cathepsin D and monomeric α-synuclein interactions in a stem cell derived neuronal model of a PD associated GBA1 mutation. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 134:104620. [PMID: 31634558 PMCID: PMC6983928 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of GBA1 gene mutations increases risk for Parkinson's disease (PD), but the pathogenic mechanisms of GBA1 associated PD remain unknown. Given that impaired α-synuclein turnover is a hallmark of PD pathogenesis and cathepsin D is a key enzyme involved in α-synuclein degradation in neuronal cells, we have examined the relationship of glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cathepsin D and monomeric α-synuclein in human neural crest stem cell derived dopaminergic neurons. We found that normal activity of GCase is necessary for cathepsin D to perform its function of monomeric α-synuclein removal from neurons. GBA1 mutations lead to a lower level of cathepsin D protein and activity, and higher level of monomeric α-synuclein in neurons. When GBA1 mutant neurons were treated with GCase replacement or chaperone therapy; cathepsin D protein levels and activity were restored, and monomeric α-synuclein decreased. When cathepsin D was inhibited, GCase replacement failed to reduce monomeric α-synuclein levels in GBA1 mutant neurons. These data indicate that GBA1 gene mutations increase monomeric α-synuclein levels via an effect on lysosomal cathepsin D in neurons. Cathepsin D protein and activity decreased in GBA mutation-associated PD neurons. α-synuclein protein level increased in GBA mutation-associated PD neurons. GBA enzyme replacement treatment increased cathepsin D, decreased α-synuclein levels. GBA enzyme chaperone treatment increased cathepsin D, decreased α-synuclein levels. The influence of GBA enzyme replacement on α-synuclein mediated through cathepsin D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Yang
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Matthew Gegg
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David Chau
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Anthony Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Brettschneider J, Suh E, Robinson JL, Fang L, Lee EB, Irwin DJ, Grossman M, Van Deerlin VM, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Converging Patterns of α-Synuclein Pathology in Multiple System Atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2019; 77:1005-1016. [PMID: 30203094 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine patterns of α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology in multiple system atrophy (MSA) using 70-µm-thick sections of 20 regions of the central nervous system of 37 cases with striato-nigral degeneration (SND) and 10 cases with olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA). In SND cases with the shortest disease duration (phase 1), α-syn pathology was observed in striatum, lentiform nucleus, substantia nigra, brainstem white matter tracts, cerebellar subcortical white matter as well as motor cortex, midfrontal cortex, and sensory cortex. SND with increasing duration of disease (phase 2) was characterized by involvement of spinal cord and thalamus, while phase 3 was characterized by involvement of hippocampus and amygdala. Cases with the longest disease duration (phase 4) showed involvement of the visual cortex. We observed an increasing overlap of α-syn pathology with increasing duration of disease between SND and OPCA, and noted increasingly similar regional distribution patterns of α-syn pathology. The GBA variant, p.Thr408Met, was found to have an allele frequency of 6.94% in SND cases which was significantly higher compared with normal (0%) and other neurodegenerative disease pathologies (0.74%), suggesting that it is associated with MSA. Our findings indicate that SND and OPCA show distinct early foci of α-syn aggregations, but increasingly converge with longer disease duration to show overlapping patterns of α-syn pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brettschneider
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - EunRan Suh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John L Robinson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lubin Fang
- Clinical Neuroanatomy Section, Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Edward B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David J Irwin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Murray Grossman
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hayes MW, Fung VSC, Kimber TE, O'Sullivan JD. Updates and advances in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Med J Aust 2019; 211:277-283. [DOI: 10.5694/mja2.50224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Hayes
- Concord Repatriation General Hospital Sydney NSW
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney Sydney NSW
| | - Victor SC Fung
- Sydney Medical SchoolUniversity of Sydney Sydney NSW
- Westmead Hospital Sydney NSW
| | - Thomas E Kimber
- Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide SA
- University of Adelaide Adelaide SA
| | - John D O'Sullivan
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Brisbane QLD
- University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gatto EM, Da Prat G, Etcheverry JL, Drelichman G, Cesarini M. Parkinsonisms and Glucocerebrosidase Deficiency: A Comprehensive Review for Molecular and Cellular Mechanism of Glucocerebrosidase Deficiency. Brain Sci 2019; 9:brainsci9020030. [PMID: 30717266 PMCID: PMC6406566 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last years, lysosomal storage diseases appear as a bridge of knowledge between rare genetic inborn metabolic disorders and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) or frontotemporal dementia. Epidemiological studies helped promote research in the field that continues to improve our understanding of the link between mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene and PD. We conducted a review of this link, highlighting the association in GBA mutation carriers and in Gaucher disease type 1 patients (GD type 1). A comprehensive review of the literature from January 2008 to December 2018 was undertaken. Relevance findings include: (1) There is a bidirectional interaction between GBA and α- synuclein in protein homeostasis regulatory pathways involving the clearance of aggregated proteins. (2) The link between GBA deficiency and PD appears not to be restricted to α–synuclein aggregates but also involves Parkin and PINK1 mutations. (3) Other factors help explain this association, including early and later endosomes and the lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2A (LAMP-2A) involved in the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). (4) The best knowledge allows researchers to explore new therapeutic pathways alongside substrate reduction or enzyme replacement therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia M Gatto
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Section, Institute of Neuroscience of Buenos Aires (INEBA). Guardia Vieja 4435, Buenos Aires C1192AAW, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo Da Prat
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Section, Institute of Neuroscience of Buenos Aires (INEBA). Guardia Vieja 4435, Buenos Aires C1192AAW, Argentina.
| | - Jose Luis Etcheverry
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Section, Institute of Neuroscience of Buenos Aires (INEBA). Guardia Vieja 4435, Buenos Aires C1192AAW, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo Drelichman
- Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Gallo 1330, Buenos Aires C1425EFD, Argentina.
| | - Martin Cesarini
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Section, Institute of Neuroscience of Buenos Aires (INEBA). Guardia Vieja 4435, Buenos Aires C1192AAW, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Validation of anti-glucocerebrosidase antibodies for western blot analysis on protein lysates of murine and human cells. Biochem J 2019; 476:261-274. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the GBA1 gene, encoding the lysosome-resident glucocerebrosidase enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of glucosylceramide. The discovery of an association between mutations in GBA1 and the development of synucleinopathies, including Parkinson disease, has directed attention to glucocerebrosidase as a potential therapeutic target for different synucleinopathies. These findings initiated an exponential growth in research and publications regarding the glucocerebrosidase enzyme. The use of various commercial and custom-made glucocerebrosidase antibodies has been reported, but standardized in-depth validation is still not available for many of these antibodies. This work details the evaluation of several previously reported glucocerebrosidase antibodies for western blot analysis, tested on protein lysates of murine gba+/+ and gba−/− immortalized neurons and primary human wild-type and type 2 GD fibroblasts.
Collapse
|
33
|
Selective Targeting of the Interconversion between Glucosylceramide and Ceramide by Scaffold Tailoring of Iminosugar Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24020354. [PMID: 30669468 PMCID: PMC6359432 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of simple C-alkyl pyrrolidines already known as cytotoxic inhibitors of ceramide glucosylation in melanoma cells can be converted into their corresponding 6-membered analogues by means of a simple ring expansion. This study illustrated how an isomerisation from iminosugar pyrrolidine toward piperidine could invert their targeting from glucosylceramide (GlcCer) formation toward GlcCer hydrolysis. Thus, we found that the 5-membered ring derivatives did not inhibit the hydrolysis reaction of GlcCer catalysed by lysosomal β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA). On the other hand, the ring-expanded C-alkyl piperidine isomers, non-cytotoxic and inactive regarding ceramide glucosylation, revealed to be potent inhibitors of GBA. A molecular docking study showed that the positions of the piperidine ring of the compound 6b and its analogous 2-O-heptyl DIX 8 were similar to that of isofagomine. Furthermore, compound 6b promoted mutant GBA enhancements over 3-fold equivalent to that of the related O-Hept DIX 8 belonging to one of the most potent iminosugar-based pharmacological chaperone series reported to date.
Collapse
|
34
|
Stephenson D, Hill D, Cedarbaum JM, Tome M, Vamvakas S, Romero K, Conrado DJ, Dexter DT, Seibyl J, Jennings D, Nicholas T, Matthews D, Xie Z, Imam S, Maguire P, Russell D, Gordon MF, Stebbins GT, Somer E, Gallagher J, Roach A, Basseches P, Grosset D, Marek K. The Qualification of an Enrichment Biomarker for Clinical Trials Targeting Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2019; 9:553-563. [PMID: 31306141 PMCID: PMC6700608 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-191648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As therapeutic trials target early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD), appropriate patient selection based purely on clinical criteria poses significant challenges. Members of the Critical Path for Parkinson's Consortium formally submitted documentation to the European Medicines Agency (EMA) supporting the use of Dopamine Transporter (DAT) neuroimaging in early PD. Regulatory documents included a comprehensive literature review, a proposed analysis plan of both observational and clinical trial data, and an assessment of biomarker reproducibility and reliability. The research plan included longitudinal analysis of the Parkinson Research Examination of CEP-1347 Trial (PRECEPT) and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) study to estimate the degree of enrichment achieved and impact on future trials in subjects with early motor PD. The presence of reduced striatal DAT binding based on visual reads of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) scans in early motor PD subjects was an independent predictor of faster decline in UPDRS Parts II and III as compared to subjects with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) over 24 months. The EMA issued in 2018 a full Qualification Opinion for the use of DAT as an enrichment biomarker in PD trials targeting subjects with early motor symptoms. Exclusion of SWEDD subjects in future clinical trials targeting early motor PD subjects aims to enrich clinical trial populations with idiopathic PD patients, improve statistical power, and exclude subjects who are unlikely to progress clinically from being exposed to novel test therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Tome
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - John Seibyl
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Syed Imam
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | | | - David Russell
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth Marek
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - on behalf of the Critical Path for Parkinson’s Consortium
- Critical Path Institute, Tucson, AZ, USA
- University College London, UK
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Parkinson’s UK, London, UK
- Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT, USA
- Denali Therapeutics, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Pfizer, Groton, CT, USA
- ADM Diagnostics, Northbrook, IL, USA
- UCB, Brussels, Belgium
- CPP Scientific Advisor, PA, USA
- GE Healthcare, London, UK
- Merck & Co., Philadelphia, PA, USA
- University of Glasgow, Scotland
- Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Extracellular Interactions of Alpha-Synuclein in Multiple System Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19124129. [PMID: 30572656 PMCID: PMC6320782 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple system atrophy, characterized by atypical Parkinsonism, results from central nervous system (CNS) cell loss and dysfunction linked to aggregates of the normally pre-synaptic α-synuclein protein. Mostly cytoplasmic pathological α-synuclein inclusion bodies occur predominantly in oligodendrocytes in affected brain regions and there is evidence that α-synuclein released by neurons is taken up preferentially by oligodendrocytes. However, extracellular α-synuclein has also been shown to interact with other neural cell types, including astrocytes and microglia, as well as extracellular factors, mediating neuroinflammation, cell-to-cell spread and other aspects of pathogenesis. Here, we review the current evidence for how α-synuclein present in the extracellular milieu may act at the cell surface to drive components of disease progression. A more detailed understanding of the important extracellular interactions of α-synuclein with neuronal and non-neuronal cell types both in the brain and periphery may provide new therapeutic targets to modulate the disease process.
Collapse
|
36
|
Ben Bdira F, Artola M, Overkleeft HS, Ubbink M, Aerts JMFG. Distinguishing the differences in β-glycosylceramidase folds, dynamics, and actions informs therapeutic uses. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2262-2276. [PMID: 30279220 PMCID: PMC6277158 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r086629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) are carbohydrate-active enzymes that hydrolyze a specific β-glycosidic bond in glycoconjugate substrates; β-glucosidases degrade glucosylceramide, a ubiquitous glycosphingolipid. GHs are grouped into structurally similar families that themselves can be grouped into clans. GH1, GH5, and GH30 glycosidases belong to clan A hydrolases with a catalytic (β/α)8 TIM barrel domain, whereas GH116 belongs to clan O with a catalytic (α/α)6 domain. In humans, GH abnormalities underlie metabolic diseases. The lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (family GH30), deficient in Gaucher disease and implicated in Parkinson disease etiology, and the cytosol-facing membrane-bound glucosylceramidase (family GH116) remove the terminal glucose from the ceramide lipid moiety. Here, we compare enzyme differences in fold, action, dynamics, and catalytic domain stabilization by binding site occupancy. We also explore other glycosidases with reported glycosylceramidase activity, including human cytosolic β-glucosidase, intestinal lactase-phlorizin hydrolase, and lysosomal galactosylceramidase. Last, we describe the successful translation of research to practice: recombinant glycosidases and glucosylceramide metabolism modulators are approved drug products (enzyme replacement therapies). Activity-based probes now facilitate the diagnosis of enzyme deficiency and screening for compounds that interact with the catalytic pocket of glycosidases. Future research may deepen the understanding of the functional variety of these enzymes and their therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fredj Ben Bdira
- Departments of Macromolecular Biochemistry,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Artola
- Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Herman S Overkleeft
- Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marcellus Ubbink
- Departments of Macromolecular Biochemistry,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ivanova MM, Changsila E, Turgut A, Goker-Alpan O. Individualized screening for chaperone activity in Gaucher disease using multiple patient derived primary cell lines. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:3750-3761. [PMID: 30662625 PMCID: PMC6291725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of individual response to a therapy, which can be assesed by in vitro screening, is essential for the development of therapeutics. Chaperone therapy is based on the ability of small molecules to fold the mutant protein to recover its function. As a novel approach for the treatment of Gaucher disease (GD), ambroxol was recently identified as a chaperone for GD, caused by the pathogenic variants in GBA gene, resulting in lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) deficiency. Since ambroxol activity is mutation-dependent, the assessment of the chaperone action requires adaptation of a cell model with genetic format identical to the patient. We compared the chaperone activity of ambroxol using different primary cells derived from GD patients with different GBA genotypes. Ambroxol enhanced GCase activity in cells with wild type GBA and in those, compound heterozygous for N370S, but was ineffective in cell lines with complex GBA alleles. In cells from patients with neuropathic GD and L444P/L444P genotype, the response to ambroxol was varied. We conclude that chaperone activity depends on diverse factors in addition to a particular GBA genotype. We showed that PBMCs and macrophages are the most relevant cell-based methods to screen the efficacy of ambroxol therapy. For pediatric patients, a non-invasive source of primary cells, urine derived kidney epithelial cells, have a vast potential for drug screening in GD. These findings demonstrate the importance of personalized screening to evaluate efficacy of chaperone therapy, especially in patients with neuronopathic GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita M Ivanova
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center 3959 Pender Drive, Ste 100, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Erk Changsila
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center 3959 Pender Drive, Ste 100, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Alper Turgut
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center 3959 Pender Drive, Ste 100, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Ozlem Goker-Alpan
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center 3959 Pender Drive, Ste 100, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Brettschneider J, Suh E, Robinson JL, Fang L, Lee EB, Irwin DJ, Grossman M, Van Deerlin VM, Lee VMY, Trojanowski JQ. Converging Patterns of α-Synuclein Pathology in Multiple System Atrophy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77. [PMID: 30203094 PMCID: PMC6181179 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly080#supplementary-data] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine patterns of α-synuclein (α-syn) pathology in multiple system atrophy (MSA) using 70-µm-thick sections of 20 regions of the central nervous system of 37 cases with striato-nigral degeneration (SND) and 10 cases with olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy (OPCA). In SND cases with the shortest disease duration (phase 1), α-syn pathology was observed in striatum, lentiform nucleus, substantia nigra, brainstem white matter tracts, cerebellar subcortical white matter as well as motor cortex, midfrontal cortex, and sensory cortex. SND with increasing duration of disease (phase 2) was characterized by involvement of spinal cord and thalamus, while phase 3 was characterized by involvement of hippocampus and amygdala. Cases with the longest disease duration (phase 4) showed involvement of the visual cortex. We observed an increasing overlap of α-syn pathology with increasing duration of disease between SND and OPCA, and noted increasingly similar regional distribution patterns of α-syn pathology. The GBA variant, p.Thr408Met, was found to have an allele frequency of 6.94% in SND cases which was significantly higher compared with normal (0%) and other neurodegenerative disease pathologies (0.74%), suggesting that it is associated with MSA. Our findings indicate that SND and OPCA show distinct early foci of α-syn aggregations, but increasingly converge with longer disease duration to show overlapping patterns of α-syn pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brettschneider
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - EunRan Suh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John L Robinson
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lubin Fang
- Clinical Neuroanatomy Section, Department of Neurology, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Edward B Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David J Irwin
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Murray Grossman
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Virginia M -Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research (CNDR), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Send correspondence to: John Q. Trojanowski, MD, PhD, CNDR, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3rd Floor Maloney Building, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104; E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A novel Parkinson's disease risk variant, p. W378R, in the Gaucher's diseaseGBAgene. Mov Disord 2018; 33:1662-1664. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
40
|
Abstract
Hydrolytic enzymes are a large class of biological catalysts that play a vital role in a plethora of critical biochemical processes required to maintain human health. However, the expression and/or activity of these important enzymes can change in many different diseases and therefore represent exciting targets for the development of positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracers. This review focuses on recently reported radiolabeled substrates, reversible inhibitors, and irreversible inhibitors investigated as PET and SPECT tracers for imaging hydrolytic enzymes. By learning from the most successful examples of tracer development for hydrolytic enzymes, it appears that an early focus on careful enzyme kinetics and cell-based studies are key factors for identifying potentially useful new molecular imaging agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Rempel
- 1 Department of Science, Augustana Faculty, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eric W Price
- 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Christopher P Phenix
- 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.,3 Biomarker Discovery, Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Moors TE, Paciotti S, Ingrassia A, Quadri M, Breedveld G, Tasegian A, Chiasserini D, Eusebi P, Duran-Pacheco G, Kremer T, Calabresi P, Bonifati V, Parnetti L, Beccari T, van de Berg WDJ. Characterization of Brain Lysosomal Activities in GBA-Related and Sporadic Parkinson's Disease and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1344-1355. [PMID: 29948939 PMCID: PMC6400877 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1090-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA gene, encoding the lysosomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase (GCase), are the most common known genetic risk factor for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The present study aims to gain more insight into changes in lysosomal activity in different brain regions of sporadic PD and DLB patients, screened for GBA variants. Enzymatic activities of GCase, β-hexosaminidase, and cathepsin D were measured in the frontal cortex, putamen, and substantia nigra (SN) of a cohort of patients with advanced PD and DLB as well as age-matched non-demented controls (n = 15/group) using fluorometric assays. Decreased activity of GCase (− 21%) and of cathepsin D (− 15%) was found in the SN and frontal cortex of patients with PD and DLB compared to controls, respectively. Population stratification was applied based on GBA genotype, showing substantially lower GCase activity (~ − 40%) in GBA variant carriers in all regions. GCase activity was further significantly decreased in the SN of PD and DLB patients without GBA variants in comparison to controls without GBA variants. Our results show decreased GCase activity in brains of PD and DLB patients with and without GBA variants, most pronounced in the SN. The results of our study confirm findings from previous studies, suggesting a role for GCase in GBA-associated as well as sporadic PD and DLB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tim E Moors
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, VU University Medical Center, O2 building, room 13 W01, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Silvia Paciotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Angela Ingrassia
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, VU University Medical Center, O2 building, room 13 W01, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marialuisa Quadri
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Breedveld
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Tasegian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Davide Chiasserini
- Department of Medicine- section Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Eusebi
- Department of Medicine- section Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gonzalo Duran-Pacheco
- Roche Innovation Center- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Kremer
- Roche Innovation Center- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Department of Medicine- section Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bonifati
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucilla Parnetti
- Department of Medicine- section Neurology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tommaso Beccari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Wilma D J van de Berg
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, section Clinical Neuroanatomy and Biobanking, VU University Medical Center, O2 building, room 13 W01, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xiong Y, Yu J. Modeling Parkinson's Disease in Drosophila: What Have We Learned for Dominant Traits? Front Neurol 2018; 9:228. [PMID: 29686647 PMCID: PMC5900015 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is recognized as the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. Unfortunately, there is no cure or proven disease modifying therapy for PD. The recent discovery of a number of genes involved in both sporadic and familial forms of PD has enabled disease modeling in easily manipulable model systems. Various model systems have been developed to study the pathobiology of PD and provided tremendous insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Among all the model systems, the power of Drosophila has revealed many genetic factors involved in the various pathways, and provided potential therapeutic targets. This review focuses on Drosophila models of PD, with emphasis on how Drosophila models have provided new insights into the mutations of dominant genes causing PD and what are the convergent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Jianzhong Yu
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS, United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jin H, Chen J, Li K, Zhang JR, Gu CC, Mao CJ, Yang YP, Wang F, Liu CF. A novel p.L216I mutation in the glucocerebrosidase gene is associated with Parkinson's disease in Han Chinese patients. Neurosci Lett 2018. [PMID: 29530815 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pathogenic mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), of which L444P and N370S are the most frequently observed in patients with PD. The aim of this study was to systematically explore variations in the coding regions of GBA in Han Chinese patients with PD, as well as to expand the GBA mutation spectrum. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 213 Han Chinese patients with PD and 348 controls were enrolled in the study. Whole coding regions of GBA were captured and sequenced by target region sequencing. Sanger sequencing was also used to confirm the identified variants. RESULTS We identified a novel variant (c. C646A; p.L216I; NM_001171811.1) of GBA in two unrelated patients, which was not observed in the controls. Both patients had early-onset PD and neither exhibited any motor-related symptoms. However, we did not find an L444P or N370S mutations in our patients. CONCLUSIONS The p.L216I mutation is a novel GBA mutation, which we identified in two Han Chinese patients with PD. The patients exhibited similar characteristics, which differed from those seen in patients with other GBA mutations. Future work is needed to investigate this mutation further, as well as larger cohort studies to explore other GBA mutations associated with PD in the Han Chinese and in other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Jin
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin-Ru Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen-Chen Gu
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Jie Mao
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ping Yang
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology and Suzhou Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lysosomal response in relation to α-synuclein pathology differs between Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 114:140-152. [PMID: 29505813 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular deposition of pathologically altered α-synuclein mostly in neurons characterises Parkinson's disease (PD), while its accumulation predominantly in oligodendrocytes is a feature of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Recently a prion-like spreading of pathologic α-synuclein has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of PD and MSA. This implicates a role of protein processing systems, including lysosomes, supported also by genetic studies in PD. However, particularly for MSA, the mechanism of cell-to-cell propagation of α-synuclein is yet not fully understood. To evaluate the significance of lysosomal response, we systematically compared differently affected neuronal populations in PD, MSA, and non-diseased brains using morphometric immunohistochemistry (cathepsin D), double immunolabelling (cathepsin D/α-synuclein) laser confocal microscopy, and immunogold electron microscopy for the disease associated α-synuclein. We found that i) irrespective of the presence of neuronal inclusions, the volume density of cathepsin D immunoreactivity significantly increases in affected neurons of the pontine base in MSA brains; ii) volume density of cathepsin D immunoreactivity increases in nigral neurons in PD without inclusions and with non-ubiquitinated pre-aggregates of α-synuclein, but not in neurons with Lewy bodies; iii) cathepsin D immunoreactivity frequently colocalises with α-synuclein pre-aggregates in nigral neurons in PD; iv) ultrastructural observations confirm disease-associated α-synuclein in neuronal and astrocytic lysosomes in PD; v) lysosome-associated α-synuclein is observed in astroglia and rarely in oligodendroglia and in neurons in MSA. Our observations support a crucial role for the neuronal endosomal-lysosomal system in the processing of α-synuclein in PD. We suggest a distinct contribution of lysosomes to the pathogenesis of MSA, including the possibility of oligodendroglial and eventually neuronal uptake of exogenous α-synuclein in MSA.
Collapse
|
45
|
Li L, Chen S, Wang Y, Yue X, Xu J, Xie W, Qiu P, Liu C, Wang A, Wang H. Role of GSK3β/α-synuclein axis in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:221-234. [PMID: 30090577 PMCID: PMC6062219 DOI: 10.1039/c7tx00189d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is well-known as a potent psychostimulant of abuse worldwide. METH administration can cause neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative injury, which are similar to the two prevalent neurodegenerative disorders Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent results suggested that METH exposure increased the level of α-synuclein (α-syn) that could be a possible cause of neurotoxicity. However, the mechanism of METH-induced neurodegeneration remains unclear. This study was aimed at examining the effects of glycogen synthase kinase3β (GSK3β), α-syn, and tau on METH-induced neurotoxicity. Our results indicated that P-GSK3β (Tyr216), P-Tau (Ser396), α-syn, and P-α-syn (Ser129) levels were increased after METH administration in dose- and time-dependent manners. Upon inhibiting the GSK3β activity with LiCl or GSK3β-siRNA, these protein expressions were significantly decreased. We observed that LiCl protected the cells from METH-caused cytotoxicity by weakening the cell morphological damage and preventing cell apoptosis and death. We also found that P-GSK3β colocalized with P-Tau and α-syn by the immunofluorescence method. Further, METH disrupted the cellular autophagy by upregulation of LC3-II and P62 proteins, and the cellular autophagy was restored by LiCl and GSK3β-siRNA. The expressions of the α-syn-specific degradative enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) with its regulator lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 (LIMP-2) decreased inversely with the doses of METH treatment. The GCase inhibitor conduritol-β-epoxide (CβE) increased the α-syn levels, and LiCl restored GCase and LIMP-2 expressions disrupted by the METH treatment. In summary, we conclude that GSK3β plays key roles in METH-induced neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative injury by promoting abnormal protein phosphorylation and α-syn accumulation, blocking the autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway, and finally leading to cell apoptosis and death. GSK3β may be a potential target to prevent METH-induced neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizeng Li
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Si Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Xia Yue
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Weibing Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Chao Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute , Guangzhou 510030 , People's Republic of China
| | - AiFeng Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| | - Huijun Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , People's Republic of China . ; ; Tel: +86 2062789101
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Marshall MS, Jakubauskas B, Bogue W, Stoskute M, Hauck Z, Rue E, Nichols M, DiAntonio LL, van Breemen RB, Kordower JH, Saavedra-Matiz CA, Bongarzone ER. Analysis of age-related changes in psychosine metabolism in the human brain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193438. [PMID: 29481565 PMCID: PMC5826537 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein aggregation has been linked to Gaucher’s disease (GD) and Krabbe’s disease (KD), lysosomal conditions affecting glycosphingolipid metabolism. α-Synuclein pathology has been directly attributed to the dysregulation of glycosphingolipids in both conditions, specifically to increased galactosylsphingosine (psychosine) content in the context of KD. Furthermore, the gene (GALC) coding for the psychosine degrading enzyme galactosylceramidase (GALC), has recently been identified as a risk loci for Parkinson’s disease. However, it is unknown if changes in psychosine metabolism and GALC activity in the context of the aging human brain correlate with Parkinson’s disease. We investigated psychosine accumulation and GALC activity in the aging brain using fresh frozen post-mortem tissue from Parkinson’s (PD, n = 10), Alzheimer’s (AD, n = 10), and healthy control patients (n = 9), along with tissue from neuropsychiatric patients (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression, n = 15 each). An expanded mutational analysis of PD (n = 20), AD (n = 10), and healthy controls (n = 30) examined if PD was correlated with carriers for severe GALC mutations. Psychosine content within the cerebral cortex of PD patients was elevated above control patients. Within all patients, psychosine displayed a significant (p<0.05) and robust regional distribution in the brain with higher levels in the white matter and substantia nigra. A mutational analysis revealed an increase in the incidence of severe GALC mutations within the PD patient population compared to the cohorts of Alzheimer’s patients and healthy controls tested. In addition to α-synuclein pathology identified in the KD brain, control patients identified as GALC mutational carriers or possessing a GALC pathogenic variant had evidence of α-synuclein pathology, indicating a possible correlation between α-synuclein pathology and dysregulation of psychosine metabolism in the adult brain. Carrier status for GALC mutations and prolonged exposure to increased psychosine could contribute to α-synuclein pathology, supporting psychosine metabolism by galactosylceramidase as a risk factor for Parkinson’s disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Benas Jakubauskas
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Wil Bogue
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Monika Stoskute
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Zane Hauck
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Emily Rue
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Matthew Nichols
- Division of Genetics, Newborn Screening Program, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Lisa L. DiAntonio
- Division of Genetics, Newborn Screening Program, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Richard B. van Breemen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey H. Kordower
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Carlos A. Saavedra-Matiz
- Division of Genetics, Newborn Screening Program, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, United States of America
| | - Ernesto R. Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Departamento de Química Biologica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Balestrino R, Schapira AHV. Glucocerebrosidase and Parkinson Disease: Molecular, Clinical, and Therapeutic Implications. Neuroscientist 2018; 24:540-559. [PMID: 29400127 DOI: 10.1177/1073858417748875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease characterised by multiple motor and non-motor symptoms. In the last 20 years, more than 20 genes have been identified as causes of parkinsonism. Following the observation of higher risk of PD in patients affected by Gaucher disease, a lysosomal disorder caused by mutations in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene, it was discovered that mutations in this gene constitute the single largest risk factor for development of idiopathic PD. Patients with PD and GBA mutations are clinically indistinguishable from patients with idiopathic PD, although some characteristics emerge depending on the specific mutation, such as slightly earlier onset. The molecular mechanisms which lead to this increased PD risk in GBA mutation carriers are multiple and not yet fully elucidated, they include alpha-synuclein aggregation, lysosomal-autophagy dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Moreover, dysfunction of glucocerebrosidase has also been demonstrated in non-GBA PD, suggesting its interaction with other pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, GBA enzyme function represents an interesting pharmacological target for PD. Cell and animal models suggest that increasing GBA enzyme activity can reduce alpha-synuclein levels. Clinical trials of ambroxol, a glucocerebrosidase chaperone, are currently ongoing in PD and PD dementia, as is a trial of substrate reduction therapy. The aim of this review is to summarise the main features of GBA-PD and discuss the implications of glucocerebrosidase modulation on PD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- 2 Department of Clinical Neurosciences, UCL Institute of Neurology, Royal Free Campus, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao Y, Perera G, Takahashi-Fujigasaki J, Mash DC, Vonsattel JPG, Uchino A, Hasegawa K, Jeremy Nichols R, Holton JL, Murayama S, Dzamko N, Halliday GM. Reduced LRRK2 in association with retromer dysfunction in post-mortem brain tissue from LRRK2 mutation carriers. Brain 2018; 141:486-495. [PMID: 29253086 PMCID: PMC5837795 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are pathogenic for familial Parkinson's disease. However, it is unknown whether levels of LRRK2 protein in the brain are altered in patients with LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease. Because LRRK2 mutations are relatively rare, accounting for approximately 1% of all Parkinson's disease, we accessioned cases from five international brain banks to investigate levels of the LRRK2 protein, and other genetically associated Parkinson's disease proteins. Brain tissue was obtained from 17 LRRK2 mutation carriers (12 with the G2019S mutation and five with the I2020T mutation) and assayed by immunoblot. Compared to matched controls and idiopathic Parkinson's disease cases, we found levels of LRRK2 protein were reduced in the LRRK2 mutation cases. We also measured a decrease in two other proteins genetically implicated in Parkinson's disease, the core retromer component, vacuolar protein sorting associated protein 35 (VPS35), and the lysosomal hydrolase, glucocerebrosidase (GBA). Moreover, the classical retromer cargo protein, cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (MPR300, encoded by IGF2R), was also reduced in the LRRK2 mutation cohort and protein levels of the receptor were correlated to levels of LRRK2. These results provide new data on LRRK2 protein expression in brain tissue from LRRK2 mutation carriers and support a relationship between LRRK2 and retromer dysfunction in LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhao
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Kensington, 2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Gayathri Perera
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Junko Takahashi-Fujigasaki
- Department of Neuropathology, Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric0 Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Deborah C Mash
- University of Miami Brain Endowment Bank™, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA
| | - Jean Paul G Vonsattel
- New York Brain Bank, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Akiko Uchino
- Department of Neuropathology, Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric0 Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kazuko Hasegawa
- Department of Neurology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kangawa, 252-0315, Japan
| | - R Jeremy Nichols
- Parkinson’s Institute and Clinical Center, Sunnyvale, California, 94085, USA
| | - Janice L Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric0 Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Nicolas Dzamko
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Kensington, 2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| | - Glenda M Halliday
- Brain and Mind Centre, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2050, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of NSW, Kensington, 2033, Australia
- Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, 2031, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Pihlstrøm L, Wiethoff S, Houlden H. Genetics of neurodegenerative diseases: an overview. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 145:309-323. [PMID: 28987179 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802395-2.00022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Genetic factors are central to the etiology of neurodegeneration, both as monogenic causes of heritable disease and as modifiers of susceptibility to complex, sporadic disorders. Over the last two decades, the identification of disease genes and risk loci has led to some of the greatest advances in medicine and invaluable insights into pathogenic mechanisms and disease pathways. Large-scale research efforts, novel study designs, and advances in methodology are rapidly expanding our understanding of the genome and the genetic architecture of neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review major developments in the field to date, highlighting overarching historic trends and general insights. Monogenic neurodegenerative diseases are discussed from the perspectives of both rare Mendelian forms of common disorders, such as Alzheimer disease and Parkinson disease, and heterogeneous heritable conditions, including ataxias and spastic paraplegias. Next, we summarize the experiences from investigations of complex neurodegenerative disorders, including genomewide association studies. In the final section, we reflect upon the limitations of current findings and outline important future directions. Genetics plays an essential role in translational research, ultimately aiming to develop novel disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders. We anticipate that individual genetic profiling will also be increasingly relevant in a clinical context, with implications for patient care in line with the proposed ideal of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Pihlstrøm
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Wiethoff
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom; Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Eberhard-Karls-University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Henry Houlden
- UCL Institute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Magalhaes J, Gegg ME, Migdalska-Richards A, Schapira AH. Effects of ambroxol on the autophagy-lysosome pathway and mitochondria in primary cortical neurons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1385. [PMID: 29362387 PMCID: PMC5780491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19479-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) mutations are the major genetic risk factor for Parkinson's Disease (PD). The pathogenic mechanism is still unclear, but alterations in lysosomal-autophagy processes are implicated due to reduction of mutated glucocerebrosidase (GCase) in lysosomes. Wild-type GCase activity is also decreased in sporadic PD brains. Small molecule chaperones that increase lysosomal GCase activity have potential to be disease-modifying therapies for GBA1-associated and sporadic PD. Therefore we have used mouse cortical neurons to explore the effects of the chaperone ambroxol. This chaperone increased wild-type GCase mRNA, protein levels and activity, as well as increasing other lysosomal enzymes and LIMP2, the GCase transporter. Transcription factor EB (TFEB), the master regulator of the CLEAR pathway involved in lysosomal biogenesis was also increased upon ambroxol treatment. Moreover, we found macroautophagy flux blocked and exocytosis increased in neurons treated with ambroxol. We suggest that ambroxol is blocking autophagy and driving cargo towards the secretory pathway. Mitochondria content was also found to be increased by ambroxol via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α). Our data suggest that ambroxol, besides being a GCase chaperone, also acts on other pathways, such as mitochondria, lysosomal biogenesis, and the secretory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Magalhaes
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - M E Gegg
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - A Migdalska-Richards
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - A H Schapira
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|