1
|
Bastos AA, Félix PV, Valentini Neto J, Rogero MM, Fisberg RM, Yannakoulia M, Ribeiro SML. High Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern Is Inversely Associated with Systemic Inflammation in Older but Not in Younger Brazilian Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1385. [PMID: 38732631 PMCID: PMC11085370 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean dietary pattern (MPD) has shown promise in preventing low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI). This study tested if a high adherence to the MDP by younger and older Brazilian adults is associated with lower LGSI and investigated which Mediterranean food components may contribute to these associations. We performed a secondary study on 2015 ISA-Nutrition (290 younger adults (20-59 years old) and 293 older adults (≥60 years old)), a cross-sectional population-based study in São Paulo, SP, Brazil. The adherence to the MDP was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDietScore), obtained from two non-consecutive 24 h dietary recalls (24HDRs). The LGSI score (from plasma CRP, TNF-α, and adiponectin) identified the inflammatory status. Linear regression models assessed the association between LGSI and the MedDietScore. In older adults only, a high adherence to the MDP signified an 11.5% lower LGSI score. Older adults, classified with high adherence to the MDP, differed by consuming lower meat intake and full-fat dairy. Between older adults, the intake of vegetables and olive oil was inversely associated with the levels of LGSI. Thus, among older adults, the intake of some specific Mediterranean food determined high adherence to the MDP and was associated with decreased LGSI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amália Almeida Bastos
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| | - Paula Victória Félix
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| | - João Valentini Neto
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| | - Marcelo Macedo Rogero
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| | - Regina Mara Fisberg
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| | - Mary Yannakoulia
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, 17671 Athens, Greece;
| | - Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro
- Department of Nutrition, Public Health School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-904, Brazil; (P.V.F.); (J.V.N.); (M.M.R.); (R.M.F.); (S.M.L.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dericioglu D, Methven L, Clegg ME. Understanding age-related changes: exploring the interplay of protein intake, physical activity and appetite in the ageing population. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38557431 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124002192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Globally, we are currently facing a rapid demographic shift leading to an increase in the proportion of older adults within the population. This raises concerns about the potential increase in age-related diseases and their impact on our ability to provide adequate health and end-of-life care. To apply appropriate interventions, understanding the changes that happen with ageing becomes essential. Ageing is often accompanied by a decrease in appetite and physical activity, which may lead to malnutrition, resulting in decreased muscle mass, physical capabilities and independence. To preserve muscle mass, older adults are advised to increase protein intake and physical activity. However, protein's high satiating effect may cause reduced energy intake. Physical activity is also advised to maintain or enhance older adult's appetite. This review paper aims to discuss appetite-related changes that occur with ageing and their consequences. In particular, it will focus on investigating the relationship between protein intake and physical activity and their impact on appetite and energy intake in the ageing population. Recent studies suggest that physical activity might contribute to maintaining or enhancing appetite in older adults. Nevertheless, establishing a definitive consensus on the satiating effect of protein in ageing remains a work in progress, despite some promising results in the existing literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Dericioglu
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
| | - Lisa Methven
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- Food Research Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading,Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6DZ, UK
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, ReadingRG6 6DZ, UK
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6EU, UK
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi R, Ye J, Fan H, Hu X, Wu X, Wang D, Zhao B, Dai X, Liu X. Lactobacillus plantarum LLY-606 Supplementation Ameliorates the Cognitive Impairment of Natural Aging in Mice: The Potential Role of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4049-4062. [PMID: 38373323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This work explored the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum LLY-606 (LLY-606) on cognitive function in aging mice. Our findings demonstrated that LLY-606 effectively prolonged the lifespan of mice and improved age-related cognitive impairments. Additionally, our study revealed that supplementation with LLY-606 resulted in the downregulation of inflammatory cytokine levels and the upregulation of antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, probiotic supplementation effectively mitigated the deterioration of the intestinal barrier function in aging mice. Amplicon analysis indicated the successful colonization of probiotics, facilitating the regulation of age-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis. Notably, the functional abundance prediction of microbiota indicated that tryptophan metabolism pathways, glutamatergic synapse pathways, propanoate metabolism pathways, and arginine and proline metabolism pathways were enriched after the LLY-606 intervention. In summary, LLY-606 emerged as a potential functional probiotic capable of influencing cognitive function in aging mice. This effect was achieved through the modulation of gut microbiota, the regulation of synaptic plasticity, and the enhancement of neurotrophic factor levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jin Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Hua Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xinyun Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoning Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Danna Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Beita Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Dai
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Silveira EA, Vinícius-Souza G, Pereira CC, de Oliveira C, Noll M, Pagotto V. Osteosarcopenia later in life: Prevalence and associated risk factors. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:213-220. [PMID: 38057009 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The identification of risk factors for osteosarcopenia in older adults is important for planning preventative strategies in clinical practice. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with osteosarcopenia in older adults using different diagnostic criteria. METHODS The sample included 171 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 79.4 ± 5.9 years and mean body mass index of 25.67 ± 4.70 kg/m2. We analyzed sociodemographic, biomarkers, lifestyle, and health condition data from participants of the "Projeto Idosos - Goiânia" cohort study. The outcome osteosarcopenia was defined as the simultaneous occurrence of sarcopenia and osteopenia. Osteopenia was diagnosed by low lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Sarcopenia was diagnosed using handgrip dynamometry and appendicular skeletal mass index assessed by DEXA following the criteria of the two European consensuses on sarcopenia (2010 and 2018). Two osteosarcopenia outcome variables were evaluated: OsteoSarc1 and OsteoSarc2 using the 2010 and 2018 European sarcopenia consensus criteria, respectively. Multivariate Poisson regression analysis was used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs). RESULTS The prevalence of OsteoSarc1 and OsteoSarc2 were 12.8% and 7.2%, respectively, with no significant gender differences. OsteoSarc1 was associated with low potassium (PR: 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10-10.43) and malnutrition (PR: 3.84, 95% CI: 1.78-8.30). OsteoSarc2 was associated with being ≥80 years (PR: 7.64, 95% CI: 1.57-37.07), >4 years of education (PR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.03-10.22), alcohol consumption (PR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.01-5.77), low potassium (PR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.45-6.87), low serum vitamin D (PR: 4.47, 95% CI: 1.68-11.88), and malnutrition (PR: 5.00, 95% CI: 1.06-23.51). CONCLUSIONS OsteoSarc1 had a higher prevalence. The risk factors associated with the two outcomes were malnutrition and potassium level, as well as other risk factors, such as alcohol consumption and low vitamin D level. These findings may contribute to the prevention or treatment of this health condition in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika A Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Guilherme Vinícius-Souza
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Cristina Camargo Pereira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Matias Noll
- Goiano Federal Institute, Ceres, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Valéria Pagotto
- Graduate Program in Nursing, School of Nursing, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nguyen DK, Vanden-Bossche A, Laroche N, Thomas M, Linossier MT, Peyroche S, Farlay D, Follet H, Laquerrière P, Lafage-Proust MH, Thomas T, Vico L, Marotte H, Rousseau M. Dietary supplementation with nacre reduces cortical bone loss in aged female mice. Exp Gerontol 2023; 184:112337. [PMID: 38006949 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with detrimental bone loss leading to fragility fractures in both men and women. Notably, a majority of bone loss with aging is cortical, as well as a large number of fractures are non-vertebral and at the non-hip sites. Nacre is a product of mollusks composed of calcium carbonate embedded in organic components. As our previous study demonstrated the protective effect of nacre supplementation on trabecular bone loss in ovariectomized rats, we sought to evaluate the effect of dietary nacre on bone loss related to aging in female mice which do not suffer true menopause as observed in women. The current study compared the effect of a 90-day long nacre-supplemented diet to that of Standard or CaCO3 diets on both bone mass and strength in 16-month-old C57BL/6 female mice. Multiple approaches were performed to assess the microarchitecture and mechanical properties of long bones, analyze trabecular histomorphometry, and measure bone cell-related gene expressions, and bone turnover markers. In the cortex, dietary nacre improved cortical bone strength in line with lower expression levels of genes reflecting osteoclasts activity compared to Standard or CaCO3 diets (p < 0.05). In the trabeculae, nacre-fed mice were characterized by a bone remodeling process more active than the other groups as shown by greater histomorphometric parameters and osteoblast-related gene expressions (p < 0.05). But these differences were not exhibited at the level of the trabecular microarchitecture at this age. Collectively, these data suggest that dietary nacre should be a potential candidate for reducing aging-associated cortical bone loss in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dung Kim Nguyen
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France.
| | - Arnaud Vanden-Bossche
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Norbert Laroche
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Mireille Thomas
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Linossier
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Sylvie Peyroche
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Delphine Farlay
- INSERM, LYOS UMR 1033, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Follet
- INSERM, LYOS UMR 1033, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Patrice Laquerrière
- Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Lafage-Proust
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Saint-Etienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, F-42055 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Thierry Thomas
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Saint-Etienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, F-42055 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Laurence Vico
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Hubert Marotte
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Saint-Etienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023, F-42055 Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Marthe Rousseau
- Université Jean Monnet Saint-Étienne, INSERM, Mines Saint Etienne, SAINBIOSE U1059, F-42023 Saint-Étienne, France; UMR5510 MATEIS, CNRS, Lyon University, INSA-Lyon, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fujihira K, Takahashi M, Wang C, Fuke S, Hayashi N. Consumption of hot protein-containing drink accelerates gastric emptying rate and is associated with higher hunger levels in older adults. Temperature (Austin) 2023; 11:52-59. [PMID: 38577300 PMCID: PMC10989700 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2023.2278410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Meal temperature is known to affect gastric emptying and appetite. While protein intake is recommended for older age, gastric emptying is delayed with age, resulting in loss of appetite. This study aimed to investigate whether adjusting the temperature of protein-containing drinks could improve gastric emptying and appetite in older individuals. Twenty male and female participants aged 65 years and older underwent three one-day trials in random order. Participants visited the laboratory after a 10-hour fast and consumed 200 mL of protein-containing drink dissolved in 13C-sodium acetate at 4°C, 37°C, or 60°C in a 3-minute period. Then, participants sat in a chair for 90 minutes to measure gastric emptying rate by the 13C-sodium acetate breath test and subjective appetite by a visual analog scale. The results showed that 37°C and 60°C drinks had faster gastric emptying at 5 and 10 min after ingestion than did the 4°C drink (trial-time interaction, p = 0.014). Tmax-calc, an indicator of gastric emptying rate, tended to be faster for the 37°C and 60°C drinks than for the 4°C drink (49.7 ± 17.5 min vs. 44.1 ± 18.5 min vs. 45.3 ± 25.8 min for the 4°C, 37°C, and 60°C, respectively; p = 0.085). There were no significant differences in the change in hunger from baseline among the three different temperature drinks (p > 0.05). Only in the 60°C trial, a shorter gastric emptying time was associated with greater hunger (r=-0.554, p = 0.021). These findings suggest that hot protein-containing drinks may accelerate gastric emptying and contribute to rapid nutrient intake and increased appetite in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Fujihira
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Takahashi
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chunyi Wang
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saeka Fuke
- Department of Social and Human Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku,Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Hayashi
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dericioglu D, Oldham S, Methven L, Shafat A, Clegg ME. Macronutrients effects on satiety and food intake in older and younger adults: A randomised controlled trial. Appetite 2023; 189:106982. [PMID: 37507052 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Older adults are advised to increase their protein intake to maintain their muscle mass. However, protein is considered the most satiating macronutrient and this recommendation may cause a decrease in total energy intake. To date, satiety studies comparing all three macronutrients have been undertaken in young adults, and it is unclear if the same response is seen in older adults. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of preloads high in protein, fat, and carbohydrate but equal in energy (∼300 kcal) and volume (250 ml) on energy intake, perceived appetite, and gastric emptying in younger and older adults. Twenty older and 20 younger adults completed a single-blinded randomised crossover trial involving three study visits. Participants consumed a standard breakfast, followed by a preload milkshake high in either carbohydrate, fat, or protein. Three hours after the preload, participants were offered an ad libitum meal to assess food intake. Visual analogue scales were used to measure perceived appetite and gastric emptying was measured via the 13C-octanoic acid breath test. There was no significant effect of preload type or age on energy intake either at the ad libitum meal, self-recorded food intake for the rest of the test day or subjective appetite ratings. There was a significant effect of preload type on gastric emptying latency phase and ascension time, and an effect of age on gastric emptying latency and lag phase such that older adults had faster emptying. In conclusion, energy intake, and perceived appetite were not affected by macronutrient content of the preloads in both younger and older adults, but gastric emptying times differed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Dericioglu
- Hugh Sinclair Human of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK.
| | - Stephanie Oldham
- Hugh Sinclair Human of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK.
| | - Lisa Methven
- Food Research Group, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK.
| | - Amir Shafat
- Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, H91 W5P7, Ireland.
| | - Miriam E Clegg
- Hugh Sinclair Human of Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6DZ, UK; Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6EU, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Park J, Kim M, Shin H, Ahn H, Park YK. Low-Molecular Collagen Peptide Supplementation and Body Fat Mass in Adults Aged ≥ 50 Years: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Clin Nutr Res 2023; 12:245-256. [PMID: 37969940 PMCID: PMC10641330 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2023.12.4.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to confirm whether collagen peptide supplementation for 12 week has a beneficial effect on body fat control in older adults at a daily physical activity level. Participants were assigned to either the collagen group (15 g/day of collagen peptide) or the placebo group (placebo drink). Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). In total, 74 participants (collagen group, n = 37; placebo group, n = 37) were included in the final analysis. The collagen group showed a significant reduction in total body fat mass compared with the placebo group, as evidenced by both BIA (p = 0.021) and DEXA (p = 0.041) measurements. Body fat mass and percent body fat of the whole body and trunk reduced at 12 weeks compared with baseline only in the collagen group (whole body: body fat mass, p = 0.002; percent body fat, p = 0.002; trunk: body fat mass, p = 0.001; percent body fat, p = 0.000). Total fat mass change (%) (collagen group, -0.49 ± 3.39; placebo group, 2.23 ± 4.20) showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.041). Physical activity, dietary intake, and biochemical parameters showed no significant difference between the groups. The results confirmed that collagen peptide supplementation had a beneficial effect on body fat reduction in older adults aged ≥ 50 years with daily physical activity level. Thus, collagen peptide supplementation has a positive effect on age-related changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeongbin Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Hyeri Shin
- Department of Gerontology, AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Department of Gerontology, AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Yoo Kyoung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- Department of Medical Nutrition, AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- Department of Food Innovation and Health, Graduate School of East-West Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02453, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Park JB. Effects of 12 weeks of low molecular collagen peptide supplementation on body composition in overweight Korean adults aged 50 years and older.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3016558/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
After the age of 50, their muscle mass gradually declines each year, and the lost muscle is often replaced by fat mass. Insufficient protein intake after middle age further accelerates this process. Previous studies that have used collagen as a supplementation, which accounts for about 30% of the body's protein, have combined it with resistance exercise. This study investigated the effects of collagen supplementation on body composition in individuals over the age of 50 (23≤BMI≤32), while maintaining their daily activity levels constant. Participants were assigned to either the collagen group (n=42) or the placebo group(n=42). Collagen supplementation (15g of collagen) and placebo product (xanthan gum) were offered. Bioactive Collagen Peptides, which is a type of low molecular weight collagen extracted from porcine raw materials, was used. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were taken for analysis. Physical activities and dietary intake were measured by international physical activity questionnaire and a 3-day food record, respectively. 74 participants in the collagen group (n=37) and placebo group (n=37) were used in the final analysis. Physical activity and dietary intake showed no significant difference between the two groups. The collagen group showed a significant reduction in total body fat mass compared to the placebo group, as evidenced by both BIA (P=0.021) and DEXA (P=0.041) measurements. There were no significant differences in blood measurements between the two groups. Therefore, the intake of collagen supplementation after middle age may be used for preventing age related fat mass accumulation.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gupte R, Shetty M, Hegde C. Influence of wearing complete denture on the glycemic control, serum lipid, and proteins in patients with diabetes. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2023; 23:259-265. [PMID: 37929365 PMCID: PMC10467312 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_284_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to assess the impact of prosthodontic rehabilitation on glycemic and lipid control in functionally and completely edentulous patients with diabetes. Setting and Design An in vivo study conducted with the intention of studying the potential link between edentulism and impaired masticatory efficiency with the nutritional status in diabetic patients. Materials and Methods A total of 20 diabetic patients based on the inclusion criteria were selected. They were rehabilitated using a removable prosthesis, and observations were made across three parameters - glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum cholesterol (S col), and serum protein (SP) at three stages - baseline, 3 months, and 6 months posttreatment. This was done to gauge the impact of the prosthetic rehabilitation on their health due to an increased masticatory efficiency potentially causing changes in dietary patterns. Statistical Analysis Used •Inter group comparison (>2 groups) was done using one way ANOVA followed by pair wise comparison using post hoc test. •Intra group comparison was done using repeated measures ANOVA (for>2 observations) followed by post Hoc test. For all the statistical tests, P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant, keeping α error at 5% and β error ati20%, thus giving a power to the study as 80%. Results Hba1c at the baseline had a mean value of 8.04%, which reduced to 7.87% at the 3-month stage and 7.38% at the 6-month stage. S col at the baseline had a mean of 151.6 mg/dL; at the 3-month follow-up, it was 166.5 mg/dL, and at the 6-month follow-up, it was 173.95 mg/dL. SP had a mean baseline value of 6.38 mg/dL, which progressed to 6.67 mg/dL at the 3-month stage and 6.97 at the 6-month stage. Conclusion Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that after 6 months of prosthetic rehabilitation in edentulous/functionally edentulous patients: There was a reduction in HbA1c (8.04%-7.38%); however, it was found to be statistically insignificant at that stage There was an increase in S col (151.6 mg/dL-173.95 mg/dL); it was found to be statistically significant There was an increase in SP (6.38 mg/dL-6.97 mg/dL); however, it was found to be statistically insignificant at that stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Gupte
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Shetty
- Department of Oral Implantology, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chethan Hegde
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Nitte Deemed to be University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alharbi TA, Owen AJ, Ryan J, Gasevic D, McNeil JJ, Woods RL, Nelson MR, Freak-Poli R. Socio-Demographic, Lifestyle, and Clinical Characteristics of Early and Later Weight Status in Older Adults: Secondary Analysis of the ASPREE Trial and ALSOP Sub-Study. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:71. [PMID: 37489319 PMCID: PMC10366913 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the socio-demographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics associated with self-reported weight status in early (age 18 years) and late (age ≥ 70 years) adulthood. METHODS The number of participants was 11,288, who were relatively healthy community-dwelling Australian adults aged ≥70 years (mean age 75.1 ± 4.2 years) in the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) Longitudinal Study of Older Persons (ALSOP) sub-study. Self-reported weight at the study baseline (age ≥ 70 years) and recalled weight at age 18 years were collected. Height measured at baseline was used to calculate the BMI at both time points. Individuals were categorised into one of five 'lifetime' weight status groups: healthy weight (at both age 18 year and ≥70 years), overweight (at either or both times), non-obese (age 18 year) to obesity (age ≥70 years), obesity (age 18 years) to non-obese (age ≥ 70 years), and early and later life obesity (at age 18 years and ≥70 years). RESULTS Participants who experienced obesity in early and/or late adulthood were at a higher risk of adverse clinical characteristics. Obesity in late adulthood (regardless of early adulthood weight status) was associated with high proportions of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia, whereas obesity in early adulthood (regardless of late adulthood weight status) was associated with lower cognitive scores (on all four measures). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION Healthy or overweight weight status in early and later adulthood was associated with more favourable socioeconomic, lifestyle, and clinical measures. Obesity in early adulthood was associated with lower cognitive function in later adulthood, whereas obesity in later adulthood was associated with hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tagrid A. Alharbi
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Alice J. Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Danijela Gasevic
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - John J. McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Mark R. Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
| | - Rosanne Freak-Poli
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St. Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Michels AJ, Butler JA, Uesugi SL, Lee K, Frei BB, Bobe G, Magnusson KR, Hagen TM. Multivitamin/Multimineral Supplementation Prevents or Reverses Decline in Vitamin Biomarkers and Cellular Energy Metabolism in Healthy Older Men: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:2691. [PMID: 37375594 PMCID: PMC10301451 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the reported prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in older adults, it is not yet established whether multivitamin/multimineral (MV/MM) supplements improve blood micronutrient status in individuals over the age of 65. Therefore, a cohort of 35 healthy men (>67 years) was recruited for an MV/MM supplementation trial. The primary endpoint was, as an indicator of micronutrient status, changes in blood micronutrient biomarkers from baseline to at least six months of supplementation with MV/MM or placebo. The secondary endpoint was basal O2 consumption in monocytes as an indicator of cellular metabolism. MV/MM supplementation improved blood concentrations of pyridoxal phosphate, calcifediol, α-tocopherol, and β-carotene concentrations throughout the cohort. By contrast, those in the placebo group generally showed declines in blood vitamin concentrations and an increased prevalence of suboptimal vitamin status during the study period. On the other hand, MV/MM supplementation did not significantly affect blood mineral concentrations, i.e., calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, and zinc. Interestingly, MV/MM supplementation prevented the decline in monocyte O2 consumption rate. Overall, MV/MM use improves or prevents declines in vitamin, but not mineral, status and limits declines in cellular O2 consumption, which may have important implications for metabolism and immune health in healthy older men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Michels
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
| | - Judy A. Butler
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
| | - Sandra L. Uesugi
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
| | - Ken Lee
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
| | - Balz B. Frei
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
- Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, College of Agriculture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Kathy R. Magnusson
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Tory M. Hagen
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (A.J.M.); (J.A.B.); (S.L.U.); (K.L.); (B.B.F.); (G.B.); (K.R.M.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Park JB. Effects of collagen supplementation on body composition and muscle strength in Korean adults aged 50 years and older.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3016558/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Insufficient protein intake can accelerate the loss of muscle mass as one ages. A decrease in muscle mass leads to an increase in fat mass, creating a vicious cycle that can result in sarcopenic obesity. Previous studies that have used collagen as a supplementation, which accounts for about 30% of the body's protein, have combined it with resistance exercise.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effects of collagen supplementation on body composition in individuals over the age of 50, while maintaining their daily activity levels constant.
DESIGN: Double-blind randomized controlled trial
PARTICIPANTS: Participants were assigned to either the collagen group (n=42) or the placebo group(n=42).
MEASUREMENTS: Collagen supplementation (14g of collagen) and placebo product (xanthan gum) were offered to collagen group and placebo group respectively, once a day. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Participants were instructed to maintain their dietary intake and physical activity levels, which were evaluated through a 3-day food record analysis and an international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) analysis, respectively.
RESULTS: 74 participants in the collagen group (n=37) and placebo group (n=37) completed the follow-up, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of physical activity levels. The collagen group showed a significant reduction in total body fat mass compared to the placebo group, as evidenced by both BIA (P=0.021) and DEXA (P=0.041) measurements. However, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of muscle mass.
Conclusion: From this study, the consumption of collagen supplementation is effective in reducing fat mass, which is significant in preventing sarcopenic obesity after middle age.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kujawowicz K, Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Witkowska AM. Sirtuin 1 as a potential biomarker of undernutrition in the elderly: a narrative review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37229564 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2214208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Undernutrition and inflammatory processes are predictors of early mortality in the elderly and require a rapid and accurate diagnosis. Currently, there are laboratory markers for assessing nutritional status, but new markers are still being sought. Recent studies suggest that sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has the potential to be a marker for undernutrition. This article summarizes available studies on the association of SIRT1 and undernutrition in older people. Possible associations between SIRT1 and the aging process, inflammation, and undernutrition in the elderly have been described. The literature suggests that low SIRT1 levels in the blood of older people may not be associated with physiological aging processes, but with an increased risk of severe undernutrition associated with inflammation and systemic metabolic changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kujawowicz
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ko Y, Kim HE, Park JY, Kim JJ, Cho J, Oh J. Relationship between body mass index and risk of delirium in an intensive care unit. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 108:104921. [PMID: 36603359 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.104921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a common and critical condition that leads to poor prognosis in older patients, but the association between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of delirium remains unclear. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 5,622 patients admitted to the ICU of a tertiary referral hospital between 2013 and 2022. We collected sociodemographic data, vital signs, laboratory results, and delirium scale scores. We subdivided the patients into four categories: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-22.9 kg/m2), overweight (23-24.9 kg/m2), and obese (>25 kg/m2). The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium according to the BMI categories. We performed multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sex, age, past smoking and alcohol history, benzodiazepine use, and laboratory abnormalities. RESULTS Among the 5,622 patients in the ICU (mean age, 72.9 years; male, 60.1%; mean BMI, 24.2 kg/m2), the incidence of delirium was 19.0% (1,069 patients). The mean modified incidence of delirium was higher among underweight patients (odds ratio [OR]=1.51, confidence interval [CI]=1.07-2.12, p = 0.02) than among normal-weight patients. Overweight and obese status were not independently associated with delirium (OR=0.90, CI=0.70-1.17, p = 0.43; OR= 0.97; CI=0.77-1.21, p = 0.78, respectively). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the multivariable logistic regression model was 0.71 (95% CI=0.69-0.73). CONCLUSIONS Underweight status is an independent risk factor for delirium in the ICU. Additional caution is required when evaluating underweight patients for delirium. Obese or overweight status are not associated with delirium, providing evidence for the obesity paradox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea; Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Hesun Erin Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jin Young Park
- Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; Department of Psychiatry, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin 16995, Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea; Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Jaehwa Cho
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea
| | - Jooyoung Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea; Institute of Behavioral Sciences in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gillies NA, Sharma P, Han SM, Teh R, Fraser K, Roy NC, Cameron-Smith D, Milan AM. The acute postprandial response of homocysteine to multivitamin and mineral supplementation with a standard meal is not impaired in older compared to younger adults. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1309-1322. [PMID: 36539620 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE B vitamins are required for the complex regulation of homocysteine and one-carbon (1C) metabolism. Nutritional supplements are frequently used by older adults to counter nutritional inadequacies. However, the postprandial use of B vitamins from supplements in 1C metabolism may be altered with age owing to impaired nutrient absorption and metabolic regulation. Despite implications for health and nutritional status, postprandial 1C metabolite responses have not been characterised in older adults. METHODS Healthy older (n = 20, 65-76 years) and younger (n = 20, 19-30 years) participants were recruited through online and printed advertisements in Auckland, New Zealand. Participants consumed a multivitamin and mineral supplement with a standard breakfast meal. Blood samples were collected at baseline and hourly for 4 h following ingestion. Plasma 1C metabolites (betaine, choline, cysteine, dimethylglycine, glycine, methionine, serine) were quantified using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Serum homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 were quantified on a Cobas e411 autoanalyzer. RESULTS Older adults had higher fasting homocysteine concentrations (older: 14.0 ± 2.9 µmol/L; younger: 12.2 ± 2.5 µmol/L; p = 0.036) despite higher folate (older: 36.7 ± 17.4 nmol/L; younger: 21.6 ± 7.6 nmol/L; p < 0.001) and similar vitamin B12 concentrations (p = 0.143) to younger adults. However, a similar postprandial decline in homocysteine was found in older and younger subjects in response to the combined meal and supplement. Except for a faster decline of cystathionine in older adults (p = 0.003), the postprandial response of other 1C metabolites was similar between young and older adults. CONCLUSION Healthy older adults appear to maintain postprandial responsiveness of 1C metabolism to younger adults, supported by a similar postprandial decline in homocysteine concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola A Gillies
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Pankaja Sharma
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Soo Min Han
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ruth Teh
- School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karl Fraser
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C Roy
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
- The Riddet Institute, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
- College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Amber M Milan
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, 85 Park Road, Grafton, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
- The High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand.
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang X, Na X, Wang Y, Du S, Zhao A, Liang W. Dynamic Changes in Dietary Guideline Adherence and Its Association with All-Cause Mortality among Middle-Aged Chinese: A Longitudinal Study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:1401. [PMID: 36986130 PMCID: PMC10058762 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional approach to evaluating dietary quality is based on the achievement of the recommended intakes for each food group, which may overlook the achievement of correct relative proportions between food groups. We propose a "Dietary Non-Adherence Score (DNAS)" to assess the degree of similarity between subjects' diets and those recommended in the Chinese Dietary Guidelines (CDG). Furthermore, it is important to incorporate the time-dependent nature of dietary quality into mortality prediction. This study investigated the association between long-term changes in adherence to the CDG and all-cause mortality. This study included 4533 participants aged 30-60 from the China Health and Nutrition Survey study with a median follow-up of 6.9 years. Intakes from 10 food groups were collected in 5 survey rounds from 2004 to 2015. We calculated the Euclidean distance between the intake of each food and the CDG-recommended intake, and then summed all the food groups as DNAS. Mortality was assessed in 2015. Latent class trajectory modeling was used to identify three classes of participants with distinct longitudinal trajectories of DNAS during the follow-up period. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the risk of all-cause mortality in the three classes of people. Risk factors for death and confounders for diets were sequentially adjusted in the models. There were 187 deaths overall. Participants in the first class identified had consistently low and decreasing DNAS levels (coefficient = -0.020) over their lifetime, compared with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5, 12.7) for participants with consistently high and increasing DNAS levels (coefficient = 0.008). Those with moderate DNAS had an HR of 3.0 (95% CI: 1.1, 8.4). In summary, we find that people with consistently high adherence to CDG-recommended dietary patterns had a significantly lower mortality risk. DNAS is a promising method to assess diet quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaona Na
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Peking University Clinical Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shufa Du
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wannian Liang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; (X.Z.)
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fleeman RM, Snyder AM, Kuhn MK, Chan DC, Smith GC, Crowley NA, Arnold AC, Proctor EA. Predictive link between systemic metabolism and cytokine signatures in the brain of apolipoprotein E ε4 mice. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 123:154-169. [PMID: 36572594 PMCID: PMC9892258 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The ε4 variant of apolipoprotein E (APOE) is the strongest and most common genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the mechanism of conveyed risk is incompletely understood, promotion of inflammation, dysregulated metabolism, and protein misfolding and aggregation are contributors to accelerating disease. Here we determined the concurrent effects of systemic metabolic changes and brain inflammation in young (3-month-old) and aged (18-month-old) male and female mice carrying the APOE4 gene. Using functional metabolic assays alongside multivariate modeling of hippocampal cytokine levels, we found that brain cytokine signatures are predictive of systemic metabolic outcomes, independent of AD proteinopathies. Male and female mice each produce different cytokine signatures as they age and as their systemic metabolic phenotype declines, and these signatures are APOE genotype dependent. Ours is the first study to identify a quantitative and predictive link between systemic metabolism and specific pathological cytokine signatures in the brain. Our results highlight the effects of APOE4 beyond the brain and suggest the potential for bi-directional influence of risk factors in the brain and periphery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Fleeman
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Amanda M Snyder
- Department of Neurology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Madison K Kuhn
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Dennis C Chan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Grace C Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Nicole A Crowley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Amy C Arnold
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Center for Neural Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Engineering Science & Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rules for body fat interventions based on an operating point mechanism. iScience 2023; 26:106047. [PMID: 36818281 PMCID: PMC9929596 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventions to reduce fat are important for human health. However, they can have opposing effects such as exercise that decreases fat but increases food intake, or coherent effects such as leptin resistance which raises both. Furthermore, some interventions show an overshoot in food intake, such as recovery from a diet, whereas others do not. To explain these properties we present a graphical framework called the operating point model, based on leptin control of feeding behavior. Steady-state fat and food intake is given by the intersection of two experimental curves - steady-state fat at a given food intake and ad libitum food intake at a given fat level. Depending on which curve an intervention shifts, it has opposing or coherent effects with or without overshoot, in excellent agreement with rodent data. The model also explains the quadratic relation between leptin and fat in humans. These concepts may guide the understanding of fat regulation disorders.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lidsky PV, Yuan J, Rulison JM, Andino-Pavlovsky R. Is Aging an Inevitable Characteristic of Organic Life or an Evolutionary Adaptation? BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1413-1445. [PMID: 36717438 PMCID: PMC9839256 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922120021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is an evolutionary paradox. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain it, but none fully explains all the biochemical and ecologic data accumulated over decades of research. We suggest that senescence is a primitive immune strategy which acts to protect an individual's kin from chronic infections. Older organisms are exposed to pathogens for a longer period of time and have a higher likelihood of acquiring infectious diseases. Accordingly, the parasitic load in aged individuals is higher than in younger ones. Given that the probability of pathogen transmission is higher within the kin, the inclusive fitness cost of infection might exceed the benefit of living longer. In this case, programmed lifespan termination might be an evolutionarily stable strategy. Here, we discuss the classical evolutionary hypotheses of aging and compare them with the pathogen control hypothesis, discuss the consistency of these hypotheses with existing empirical data, and present a revised conceptual framework to understand the evolution of aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter V Lidsky
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob M Rulison
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Raul Andino-Pavlovsky
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chronic Disease Screening and Health Promotion Strategies for Older Men. J Nurse Pract 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
22
|
Gao M, Wu B, Jin W, Wei J, Wang J, Li J. Impact of aging on food consumption in rural China: Implications for dietary upgrading and health improvement. Front Nutr 2022; 9:933343. [PMID: 36505237 PMCID: PMC9731807 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.933343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The issue of population aging in rural China is getting profound; nevertheless, its impact on food consumption has not been well evaluated. This study aims to examine the relationship between rural aging and family food consumption in rural China. Materials and methods Using the statistical yearbook data and the nationally representative household-level data from the China Rural Fixed Observation Points, this study compares the evolution of food consumption between rural and urban residents from 1985 to 2020 and analyzes the structure of food consumption expenditure of rural residents. Next, this study further investigates the impact of aging on food consumption in rural households with ordinary least squares. Results (1) The principal foods consumed by rural residents in 2020 are meat and meat products (36.8%), grain (24.5%), and vegetables (10.9%). (2) An increase in older adults has decreased the absolute consumption of all foods, while it increased relative consumption of meat and meat products, aquatic products, edible oil and fats, poultry, eggs, and sugar. (3) Due to differences in the structure of young adults' food consumption, older adults would increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables if they lived with younger adults. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that rural older adults may increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables by advocating intergenerational cohabitation while maintaining their intake of protein to achieve a balanced dietary structure and improve their health condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gao
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China,Institute of Rural Development, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bi Wu
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Wencheng Jin
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Jiashuo Wei
- National Agricultural and Rural Development Research Institute, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Research Center for Rural Economy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jiwen Wang,
| | - Jinkai Li
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium,Jinkai Li,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tomasiuk R, Zubrzycki IZ, Wiacek M. Age-dependent changes in fat- and water-soluble vitamins—National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:907067. [PMID: 36388949 PMCID: PMC9641218 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.907067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an independent risk factor for the development of various diseases associated, among others, with detrimental blood levels of fat- and water-soluble vitamins. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate age-related changes in blood levels of vitamin A, B12, C, D, and E. Subject serum vitamin levels were obtained from the combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). NHANESIII and NHANES 1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2003–2004, and 2005–2006. The raw data set was stratified into five age groups G1- G5: 20 ≤ G1 < 30, 30 ≤ G2 < 40, 40 ≤ G3 < 50, 50 ≤ G4 < 60, and 60 ≤ G5 < 70 years of age. Age stratified data was cleaned using the modified Horn algorithm. The reference range for the vitamin level of a specific age group was defined as data between the first and third quartile of the subject defined by normal blood pressure and normal bone density. Age-dependent changes in serum/plasma vitamin levels were assessed using the bootstrap technique with 10,000 repeats and Bonferroni adjustment. There was a continuous increase in vitamin A, B12, D, and E levels in the blood. However, the vitamin C concentration remained virtually constant in all age groups. There was a lack of cross-correlations between lipid and water-soluble vitamin levels and blood pressure and bone health. The following reference levels for vitamin A, B12, C, D, and E in subjects older than 20 years of age were established: vitamin A: 1.32–2.8 mmol/L, vitamin B12: 257.94–498.33 pmol/L, vitamin C: 38.18–79.2 mmol/L, vitamin D: 76.33–199.36 nmol/L and vitamin E: 3.65–41.12 μmol/L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Tomasiuk
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Igor Z. Zubrzycki
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
- Department of Biometry and Mathematics, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Magdalena Wiacek
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Kazimierz Pułaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Radom, Poland
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Wiacek,
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Qu X, Na X, Yang J, Yu H, Chen A, Zhao A. Reaching and maintaining higher dietary diversity is associated with decreased risk of all-cause mortality: A longitudinal study from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Front Nutr 2022; 9:947290. [PMID: 36225878 PMCID: PMC9549334 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.947290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally believed that higher dietary diversity is associated with better health status. The dietary diversity of individuals may change with age; however, evidence on the trajectory of change in the long-term and whether it is related to all-cause mortality is still scant. In this study, we used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) collected in five follow-ups between 2004 and 2015 to explore the association between changes in dietary diversity scores (DDS) and all-cause mortality, as well as the dynamic change in DDS with age. In total, 6,737 subjects (aged between 30 and 60 at enrollment) were included in the analysis. Latent Class Trajectory Modeling (LCTM) was used to explore the different trajectories of DDS changes among participants. Four classes were identified: class 1 with the lowest average DDS (3.0) that showed a gradual decline during the follow-ups; class 2 with relatively low DDS (4.0) that experienced slight growth; class 3 with medium DDS (5.2) that also demonstrated similar growth rate to class 2; and class 4 with the highest DDS (6.7) maintained at a high level. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to investigate the association between the DDS trajectories and the risk of death. Only class 4, which was characterized by the highest and stable DDS, had significant reduced risk of all-cause mortality of 71.0% (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10–0.83), 68% (HR: 0.32; 95% CI: 0.11–0.89), and 66.0% (HR: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.12–0.94), compared to classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively, while the first three classes showed no significant inter-class differences. When considering the average DDS during the study period, each point of increase in DDS corresponded to a 22% reduced risk of mortality (HR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69–0.89). In summary, reaching and maintaining a higher DDS was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause mortality. Therefore, promoting diversified eating and increasing the accessibility of varieties of foods should be paid more attention from policymakers and be more emphasized in dietary guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Qu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Na
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqi Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Haoran Yu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiwen Chen
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ai Zhao
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jack Rejeski W, Laurienti PJ, Bahrami M, Fanning J, Simpson SL, Burdette JH. Aging and Neural Vulnerabilities in Overeating: A Conceptual Overview and Model to Guide Treatment. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2022; 1:e39. [PMID: 36589860 PMCID: PMC9797202 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Given the vulnerability of older adults to chronic disease and physical disability, coupled with the threat that obesity poses to healthy aging, there is an urgent need to understand the causes of positive energy balance and the struggle that many older adults face with intentional weight loss. This paper focuses on neural vulnerabilities related to overeating in older adults, and moderating variables that can have either favorable or unfavorable effect these vulnerabilities. Research from our laboratory on older adults with obesity suggests that they are prone to similar neural vulnerabilities for overeating that have been observed in younger and middle-aged populations. In addition, following brief postabsorptive states, functional brain networks both in the resting state and in response to active imagery of desired food are associated with 6-month weight loss. Data reviewed suggest that the sensorimotor network is a central hub in the process of valuation and underscores the central role played by habits in overeating. Finally, we demonstrate how research on the neural vulnerabilities for overeating offers a useful framework for guiding clinical decision-making in weight management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W. Jack Rejeski
- Department of Health and Exercise ScienceWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Geriatric MedicineWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Radiology, Laboratory for Complex Brain NetworksWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Paul J. Laurienti
- Department of Radiology, Laboratory for Complex Brain NetworksWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of RadiologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Mohsen Bahrami
- Department of Radiology, Laboratory for Complex Brain NetworksWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of RadiologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise ScienceWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Sean L. Simpson
- Department of Radiology, Laboratory for Complex Brain NetworksWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Biostatistics and Data ScienceWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Jonathan H. Burdette
- Department of Radiology, Laboratory for Complex Brain NetworksWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of RadiologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
The effects of vitamin D-fortified foods on circulating 25(OH)D concentrations in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2022; 127:1821-1838. [PMID: 34308818 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Improvement of vitamin D status of the general population has been a challenge for policymakers. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate whether vitamin D-fortified products can be a suitable solution for tackling vitamin D deficiency. Our secondary objective was to determine the effect of some variables including age, latitude and BMI on efficacy of this strategy. MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched and 231 studies were found in a preliminary search. After screening of titles and abstracts, 23 studies were selected. Pooled data comparing fortification with vitamin D +/- Ca with control showed statistically significant effect on total 25(OH)D concentrations (2002 participants, mean difference (MD): 25·4 nmol/l, (95 % CI 19·5, 31·3)). The subgroup analysis by duration of intervention (less than 12 weeks v. more than 12 weeks) and type of vehicle (dairy product, juice, grain product, oil and combination of dairy and grain products), isoform of the vitamin (D3v. D2) and dose of the fortificant (≥ 1000 IU/d v. < 1000 IU/d) also indicated significant effect of fortification with vitamin D on serum 25(OH)D concentrations. In conclusion, the circulating 25(OH)D response to vitamin D-fortified food consumption is influenced by age, BMI and the baseline 25(OH)D concentrations. Notwithstanding, an average of 2 nmol/l increase in circulating 25(OH)D concentration for each 100 IU vitamin D intake per d is expected for general adult population. These findings can be informative for policymakers to tackle vitamin D deficiency through food fortification strategy.
Collapse
|
27
|
Calligaris S, Moretton M, Melchior S, Mosca AC, Pellegrini N, Anese M. Designing food for the elderly: the critical impact of food structure. Food Funct 2022; 13:6467-6483. [PMID: 35678510 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00099g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is an unavoidable progressive process causing many changes of the individual life. However, if faced in an efficient way, living longer in a healthy status could be an opportunity for all. In this context, food consumption and dietary patterns are pivotal factors in promoting active and healthy ageing. The development of food products tailored for the specific needs of the elderly might favour the fulfilment of nutritionally balanced diets, while reducing the consequences of malnutrition. To this aim, the application of a food structure design approach could be particularly profitable, being food structure responsible to the final functionalities of food products. In this narrative review, the physiological changes associated to food consumption occurring during ageing were firstly discussed. Then, the focus shifted to the possible role of food structure in delivering target functionalities, considering food acceptability, digestion of the nutrients, bioactive molecules and probiotic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Calligaris
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Martina Moretton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Sofia Melchior
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Ana Carolina Mosca
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 47/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Monica Anese
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vieira AF, Santos JS, Costa RR, Cadore EL, Macedo RCO. Effects of Protein Supplementation Associated with Resistance Training on Body Composition and Muscle Strength in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews with Meta-analyses. Sports Med 2022; 52:2511-2522. [PMID: 35689750 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are some controversial findings regarding the benefits of combining protein supplementation with resistance training in order to optimize adaptations to training in older adults. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to summarize the evidence from meta-analyses assessing the effects of protein supplementation combined with resistance training on body composition and muscle strength in the older population. METHODS We included systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials that examined the effects of protein and/or amino acid supplementation associated with resistance training compared with resistance training alone on lean body mass, muscle mass, and muscle strength in older people. The search was performed using the MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 checklist, and the quality of evidence was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. The pooled effect estimates were computed from the standardized mean difference and the 95% confidence interval achieved by each meta-analysis, using random effects models. RESULTS Five reviews were included, all of moderate methodological quality. In the analyses, protein supplementation combined with resistance training was associated with greater increases in lean body mass and muscle mass when compared with resistance training alone. However, no differences were observed between the interventions on muscle strength increases. The quality of evidence ranged from moderate to very low. CONCLUSION Protein supplementation associated with resistance training induces greater increases in lean body mass compared with resistance training alone. In addition, it is suggested that the use of protein supplementation enhances gains in muscle mass but does not promote greater increases in muscle strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ferreira Vieira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750, Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil. .,Faculdade Sogipa, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Eduardo Lusa Cadore
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 750, Felizardo Street, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Xie F, Jiang X, Yi Y, Liu ZJ, Ma C, He J, Xun ZM, Wang M, Liu MY, Mawulikplimi Adzavon Y, Zhao PX, Ma XM. Different effects of hydrogen-rich water intake and hydrogen gas inhalation on gut microbiome and plasma metabolites of rats in health status. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7231. [PMID: 35508571 PMCID: PMC9068821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential for preventive and therapeutic applications of H2 have now been confirmed in various disease. However, the effects of H2 on health status have not been fully elucidated. Our previous study reported changes in the body weight and 13 serum biochemical parameters during the six-month hydrogen intervention. To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of the effects of long-term hydrogen consumption, the plasma metabolome and gut microbiota were investigated in this study. Compared with the control group, 14 and 10 differential metabolites (DMs) were identified in hydrogen-rich water (HRW) and hydrogen inhalation (HI) group, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that HRW intake mainly affected starch and sucrose metabolism, and DMs in HI group were mainly enriched in arginine biosynthesis. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that HRW intake induced significant changes in the structure of gut microbiota, while no marked bacterial community differences was observed in HI group. HRW intake mainly induced significant increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus, Clostridium XI, and decrease in Bacteroides. HI mainly induced decreased abundances of Blautia and Paraprevotella. The metabolic function was determined by metabolic cage analysis and showed that HI decreased the voluntary intake and excretions of rats, while HRW intake did not. The results of this study provide basic data for further research on hydrogen medicine. Determination of the effects of hydrogen intervention on microbiota profiles could also shed light on identification of mechanism underlying the biological effects of molecular hydrogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xie
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xue Jiang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yang Yi
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zi-Jia Liu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Jin He
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Xun
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Meng-Yu Liu
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Yao Mawulikplimi Adzavon
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Peng-Xiang Zhao
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China.,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xue-Mei Ma
- Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, No. 100, Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100124, China. .,Beijing Molecular Hydrogen Research Center, Beijing, 100124, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jockusch J, Hahnel S, Sobotta BBAJ, Nitschke I. The Effect of a Masticatory Muscle Training Program on Chewing Efficiency and Bite Force in People with Dementia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19073778. [PMID: 35409460 PMCID: PMC8997984 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19073778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Until now, no study has investigated the effects of masticatory muscle training on chewing function in people with dementia. This study aimed to investigate whether physiotherapeutic exercises for the masticatory muscles have an influence on chewing efficiency and bite force in people with dementia. In a clinical trial with stratified randomization subjects were assigned to three groups based on the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE: group 1—28–30, group 2—25–27, group 3—18–24). Each group was divided into an experimental (ExpG, intervention) and control group (ConG, no intervention). As intervention a Masticatory Muscle Training (MaMuT) (part 1: three physiotherapeutic treatments and daily home exercises, part 2: daily home exercises only) was carried out. Chewing efficiency and bite force were recorded. The MaMuT influenced the masticatory performance regardless of the cognitive state. Bite force increased in ExpG 1 and 2. Without further training, however, the effect disappeared. Chewing efficiency increased in all ExpG. After completion of the training, the ExpG 2 and 3 showed a decrease to initial values. Subjects of ExpG 1 showed a training effect at the final examination, but a tendency toward the initial values was observed. ExpG 3 seemed to benefit most from the physiotherapeutic exercises in terms of improving chewing efficiency by the end of the intervention phase. ExpG 1 showed the greatest gain in bite force. The MaMuT program is a potential method of improving masticatory performance in people with cognitive impairment or dementia when used on a daily basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jockusch
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, Gerodontology Section, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.H.); (B.B.A.J.S.); (I.N.)
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging”, University of Zurich, Andreasstrasse 15/Box 2, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: or
| | - Sebastian Hahnel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, Gerodontology Section, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.H.); (B.B.A.J.S.); (I.N.)
| | - Bernhard B. A. J. Sobotta
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, Gerodontology Section, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.H.); (B.B.A.J.S.); (I.N.)
| | - Ina Nitschke
- Department of Prosthodontics and Materials Science, Gerodontology Section, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (S.H.); (B.B.A.J.S.); (I.N.)
- Clinic of General, Special Care and Geriatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chareh N, Kiesswetter E, Kob R, Hannink A, Brandl B, Skurk T, Hauner H, Sieber CC, Volkert D. Association Between Inflammation and Appetite in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults—An enable Study. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:826816. [PMID: 35821805 PMCID: PMC9261305 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.826816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with reduced appetite as well as a slight increase in pro-inflammatory status, which both might contribute to the development of malnutrition. We aimed to evaluate the association between inflammation based on serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and appetite in healthy community-dwelling older adults. In this cross-sectional study of 158 healthy and non-smoking persons (aged 75–85 years), appetite was assessed in personal interviews by a single question with five answer categories. As nobody reported (very) poor appetite, the remaining three categories were dichotomised into “(very) good” and “moderate” appetite. Fasting serum CRP was analysed according to standard procedures, values ≥ 5.0 mg/L were considered as inflammation. The association between inflammation and appetite was examined by binary logistic regression, unadjusted and adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, leptin, depressive mood, number of medications, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α. Appetite was very good in 27.8%, good in 58.9%, and moderate in 13.3% of participants. Inflammation was present in 10.8% overall, in 8.8% of those with (very) good and in 23.8% of those with moderate appetite (p = 0.038). In the unadjusted model, participants with inflammation were 3.2 times more likely to have moderate appetite (95%CI: 1.01–10.44, p = 0.047). In the adjusted model, the odds of having moderate appetite was 3.7 times higher in participants with inflammation, but no longer significant (95%CI: 0.77–18.55, p = 0.102). In healthy older people, we found hints for a potential association between increased levels of CRP and a slightly reduced appetite. More studies in larger samples are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neshat Chareh
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Neshat Chareh,
| | - Eva Kiesswetter
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Robert Kob
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Anne Hannink
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Beate Brandl
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Hans Hauner
- ZIEL–Institute for Food and Health, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, Else Kroener-Fresenius-Centre for Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Cornel C. Sieber
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Winterthur, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Dorothee Volkert
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kinoshita K, Otsuka R, Nishita Y, Tange C, Tomida M, Zhang S, Ando F, Shimokata H, Arai H. Breakfast Protein Quality and Muscle Strength in Japanese Older Adults: A Community-Based Longitudinal Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:729-735.e2. [PMID: 35007507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The amount of breakfast protein intake is important for maintaining muscle strength. However, the effect of breakfast protein quality (ie, bioavailability) remains unclear. We investigated the association between breakfast protein quality and the incidence of muscle weakness. DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Healthy older adults age 60-83 years without stroke, arthritis, Parkinson disease, or muscle weakness at baseline (maximum follow-up period and participations were 9.2 years and 5 times, respectively). METHODS Weakness was defined by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 criteria, using grip strength. Breakfast protein quality was evaluated using the protein digestibility-corrected amino acid score (PDCAAS), where higher scores represent higher quality, calculated from 3-day dietary records. Participants were classified according to sex-stratified tertiles of breakfast PDCAAS (ie, low to high groups). The association between PDCAAS and incident weakness was analyzed using the generalized estimating equation, after adjusting for sex, age, follow-up time, grip strength, body mass index, physical activity, cognition, education, smoking, economics, medical history, lunch and dinner PDCAASs, and energy and protein intake during 3 regular meals at baseline. RESULTS Overall, 14.4% of the initial sample was excluded owing to a diagnosis of weakness-related diseases, and 58.3% (n = 701) had at least 1 follow-up measurement for inclusion in the analysis. The mean ± SD follow-up period was 6.9 ± 2.1 years; the cumulative number of participants was 3019, and 282 developed weakness. Using the low PDCAAS group as the reference, the adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for incident weakness in the middle and high PDCAAS groups were 0.71 (0.43-1.18) and 0.50 (0.29-0.86), respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Higher breakfast protein quality was associated with a reduction in incident weakness in older adults, independent of protein intake. These findings may highlight the role of protein quality for muscle health in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kinoshita
- Department of Frailty Research, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rei Otsuka
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Nishita
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chikako Tange
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Makiko Tomida
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fujiko Ando
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aichi Shukutoku University, Nagakute, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shimokata
- Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan; Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nagoya University of Arts and Sciences, Nissin, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Langlais CS, Chen YH, Van Blarigan EL, Kenfield SA, Kessler ER, Daniel K, Ramsdill JW, Beer TM, Graff RE, Paich K, Chan JM, Winters-Stone KM. Quality of Life of Prostate Cancer Survivors Participating in a Remotely Delivered Web-Based Behavioral Intervention Pilot Randomized Trial. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354211063500. [PMID: 35389288 PMCID: PMC9016550 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211063500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Following a prostate cancer (PC) diagnosis, treatment-related symptoms may
result in diminished quality of life (QoL). Improved diet and increased
exercise may improve QoL in men with PC. Methods: We conducted a 4-arm pilot randomized trial to assess feasibility and
acceptability of a 3-month web-based diet and exercise intervention, among
men (>18 years of age) with PC (reported elsewhere). The purpose of this
study is to describe the change in QoL measured by surveys (eg, QLQ-C30,
PROMIS Fatigue) at enrollment and following the intervention. Men were
randomized 1:1:1:1 to increasing levels of web-based behavioral support:
Level 1: website; Level 2: Level 1 plus personalized diet and exercise
prescription; Level 3: Levels 1-2 plus Fitbit and text messages; Level 4:
Levels 1-3 plus 2 30-minute coaching calls. T-tests were
used to compare pre-post change in mean QoL scores between each Level and
Level 1. Results: Two hundred and two men consented and were randomized (n = 49, 51, 50, 52 for
Levels 1-4, respectively). Men were predominantly white (93%), with a median
age of 70 years (Intra-quartile Range [IQR]: 65,75) and 3 years (IQR: 1,9)
post primary treatment for mostly localized disease (74% with T1-2). There
were no meaningful changes in QoL, but there were notable trends. Level 3
participants had small improvements in QLQ-C30 Global Health (5.46; 95% CI:
−0.02, 10.95) compared to Level 1. In contrast, Level 2 participants trended
toward decreasing Global QoL (−2.31, 95% CI: −8.05, 3.42), which may reflect
declines in function (eg, Cognitive: −6.94, 95% CI: −13.76, −0.13) and
higher symptom burden (eg, Diarrhea: 4.63, 95% CI: −1.48, 10.74). Conclusions: This short, web-based intervention did not appear to have an impact on PC
survivors’ QoL. Most men were several years past treatment for localized
disease; the potential for this approach to reduce symptoms and improve QoL
in men who have worse health may still be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth R Kessler
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kimi Daniel
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Tomasz M Beer
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - June M Chan
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sahabi S, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Zarghami N. A new insight into cell biological and biochemical changes through aging. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151841. [PMID: 34995929 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
After several years of extensive research, the main cause of aging is yet elusive. There are some theories about aging, such as stem cell aging, senescent cells accumulation, and neuro-endocrine theories. None of them is able to explain all changes that happen in cells and body through aging. By finding out the main cause of aging, it will be much easier to control, prevent and even reverse the aging process. Our cells, regardless of their replicative capacity, get old through aging and they have almost the same epigenetic age. Different cell signaling pathways contribute to aging. The most important one is mTORC1 that becomes hyperactive in cells that undergo aging. Other significant changes with age are lysosome accumulation, impaired autophagy, and mitophagy. Immune system undergoes gradual changes through aging including a shift from lymphoid to myeloid lineage production as well as increased IL-6 and TNF-α which lead to age-related weight loss and meta-inflammation. Additionally, our endocrine system also experiences some changes that should be taken into consideration when looking for the main cause of aging in the human body. In this review, we planned to summarize some of the changes that happen in cells and the body through aging.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sensory Consumer and Descriptive Analysis of Steaks from Beef Animals Selected from Tough and Tender Animal Genotypes: Genetic Meat Quality Traits Can Be Detected by Consumers. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081911. [PMID: 34441687 PMCID: PMC8394310 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine if animals who were genetically divergent in the predicted tenderness of their meat actually produced more tender meat, as well as what the implications were for other organoleptic properties of the meat. The parental average genetic merit for meat tenderness was used to locate 20 “Tough genotype” heifers and 17 “Tender genotype” heifers; M. longissimus thoracis steaks from all heifers were subjected to sensory affective analysis (140 consumers) and sensory profiling using two trained sensory panels. All sample steaks were treated identically regarding pre- and post-mortem handling, storage, cooking and presentation (i.e., randomised, blind coded). For the affective consumer study, eight steaks were sectioned from the same location of the striploin muscles from each of the heifers. In total, 108 steaks from the Tender genotype and 118 from the Tough genotype were tested in the consumer study to determine the preference or liking of these steaks for appearance, aroma, flavour, tenderness, juiciness and overall acceptability. The consumer study found that the Tender genotype scored higher (p < 0.0001) for liking of tenderness, juiciness, flavour and overall acceptability compared to the Tough genotype. Similar results were generally found for the separate consumer age cohorts (18–64 years) with lower sensory acuity in the 65+ age cohort. For the descriptive analysis, the Tender genotype scored numerically more tender, juicy and flavoursome, although the differences were only significant for one of the panels. The critical outcome from this study is that parental average genetic merit can be used to pre-select groups of animals for tenderness, which, in turn, can be detected by consumers.
Collapse
|
36
|
Exploring trajectories in dietary adequacy of the B vitamins folate, riboflavin, vitamins B 6 and B 12, with advancing older age: a systematic review. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:449-459. [PMID: 33118888 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining nutritional adequacy contributes to successful ageing. B vitamins involved in one-carbon metabolism regulation (folate, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and B12) are critical nutrients contributing to homocysteine and epigenetic regulation. Although cross-sectional B vitamin intake in ageing populations is characterised, longitudinal changes are infrequently reported. This systematic review explores age-related changes in dietary adequacy of folate, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and B12 in community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years at follow-up). Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, databases (MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, CINAHL) were systematically screened, yielding 1579 records; eight studies were included (n 3119 participants, 2–25 years of follow-up). Quality assessment (modified Newcastle–Ottawa quality scale) rated all of moderate–high quality. The estimated average requirement cut-point method estimated the baseline and follow-up population prevalence of dietary inadequacy. Riboflavin (seven studies, n 1953) inadequacy progressively increased with age; the prevalence of inadequacy increased from baseline by up to 22·6 and 9·3 % in males and females, respectively. Dietary folate adequacy (three studies, n 2321) improved in two studies (by up to 22·4 %), but the third showed increasing (8·1 %) inadequacy. Evidence was similarly limited (two studies, respectively) and inconsistent for vitamins B6 (n 559; −9·9 to 47·9 %) and B12 (n 1410; −4·6 to 7·2 %). This review emphasises the scarcity of evidence regarding micronutrient intake changes with age, highlighting the demand for improved reporting of longitudinal changes in nutrient intake that can better direct micronutrient recommendations for older adults. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018104364).
Collapse
|
37
|
Honnens de Lichtenberg Broge E, Wendin K, Hyldig G, Bredie WLP. Development of an olfactory test method for measuring perception of everyday food odors among older adults. J SENS STUD 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Honnens de Lichtenberg Broge
- Department of Food Science, Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Future Consumer Lab University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| | - Karin Wendin
- Department of Food Science, Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Future Consumer Lab University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
- Department of Food and Meal Science Kristianstad University Kristianstad Sweden
| | - Grethe Hyldig
- Division of Food Technology, National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
| | - Wender L. P. Bredie
- Department of Food Science, Section for Food Design and Consumer Behaviour, Future Consumer Lab University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kaluźniak-Szymanowska A, Krzymińska-Siemaszko R, Lewandowicz M, Deskur-Śmielecka E, Stachnik K, Wieczorowska-Tobis K. Diagnostic Performance and Accuracy of the MNA-SF against GLIM Criteria in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from Poland. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072183. [PMID: 34202898 PMCID: PMC8308417 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 28% of elderly residents in Europe are at risk of malnutrition. As uniform diagnostic criteria for malnutrition have not been formulated, in autumn 2018, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) presented a consensus on its diagnosis. According to the consensus, the diagnosis of malnutrition requires a positive screening test result for the risk of malnutrition, and the presence of at least one etiologic and one phenotypic criterion. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance and accuracy of the Mini Nutritional Assessment—Short Form (MNA-SF) against GLIM criteria. The analysis involved 273 community-dwelling volunteers aged ≥ 60 years. All participants were screened for malnutrition with the MNA-SF questionnaire. Next, the GLIM phenotypic and etiologic criteria were assessed in all subjects. Based on the presence of at least one phenotypic and one etiologic criterion, malnutrition was diagnosed in more than one-third of participants (n = 103, 37.7%). According to the MNA-SF, only 7.3% of subjects had malnutrition, and 28.2% were at risk of malnutrition. The agreement between the MNA-SF score and the GLIM criteria were observed in only 22.3% of the population. The sensitivity and specificity of MNA-SF against the GLIM criteria were fair (59.2% and 78.8%, respectively). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.77, indicating the fair ability of MNA-SF to diagnose malnutrition. Based on the present study results, the best solution may be an optional replacement of the screening tool in the first step of the GLIM algorithm with clinical suspicion of malnutrition.
Collapse
|
39
|
Poli O, Manzon L, Niglio T, Ettorre E, Vozza I. Masticatory Force in Relation with Age in Subjects with Full Permanent Dentition: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9060700. [PMID: 34207805 PMCID: PMC8228061 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Masticatory performance is directly correlated with masticatory muscle work to grind and cut the food. Chewing efficacy is decisive to eating a variety of foods needed maintain general health status at all ages. Older people have oral problems that get worse with age. Elders have more pathologies such as periodontal diseases, caries, tooth loss and inadequate dental prostheses than younger subjects. Objectives: to investigate the correlation between masticatory bite force (MBF) and body mass index (BMI) vs. aging and sex. Methods: This study was performed on 426 subjects (213 females plus 213 male) assigned into five different groups by age. Group “A” aged from 20 to 35 years; group “B” aged 45–59 years; group “C” aged 60–69 years; group “D” aged 70–79 years; and group “E” aged more than 79 years. Results: There were not statistically significant differences in right-side MBF versus left-side MBF. The differences between sex were statistically significant with a stronger bite in males than females (p < 0.05). At the same time, younger subjects had a stronger bite than elders (p < 0.05). In group “E”, more corpulent subjects (BMI > 25) had an MBF higher than less corpulent subjects (BMI < 25, p < 0.05). The analysis of mean MBF showed a statistically significant difference within all groups stratified by BMI with mean values inversely proportional with age (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results in our study confirm data from many scientific papers. The importance of the present paper was to correlate data between and within a large sample with a wide range of ages. Our sample subjects had a 31%–33% decrease in MBF from group “A” to group “E” group, but they all had full permanent dentation and they preserved a valid MBF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Poli
- Dental School, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.P.); (L.M.)
| | - Licia Manzon
- Dental School, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.P.); (L.M.)
| | | | - Evaristo Ettorre
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthetic and Geriatric Sciences, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Iole Vozza
- Dental School, “Sapienza” University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (O.P.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Puleo S, Valentino M, Masi P, Di Monaco R. Hardness sensitivity: Are old, young, female and male subjects all equally sensitive? Food Qual Prefer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.104118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
41
|
Ross CN, Colman R, Power M, Tardif S. Marmoset Metabolism, Nutrition, and Obesity. ILAR J 2021; 61:179-187. [PMID: 33969870 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of marmosets as nonhuman primate models of human disease has undergone rapid expansion in the United States in the last decade, with an emphasis in the field of neuroscience. With this expanding need, there has been an increase in the formation of small marmoset colonies. The standardization in care and husbandry techniques for marmosets has historically lagged behind other established nonhuman primate models, resulting in a great deal of variation in practices between colonies. There remains a lack of consensus and evidence-based recommendations regarding best standards for nutrition, enrichment, weight management, and diagnostics for clinical metabolic disease. Marmoset base diets vary broadly in their nutritional value, and therefore the physiological responses to these diets also vary broadly. In this review, we briefly outline what is known about nutrition for captive marmosets and highlight what is known regarding metabolic dysfunction and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna N Ross
- Department of Life Sciences at Texas A&M University, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ricki Colman
- Department of Cell & Regenerative Biology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Michael Power
- Nutrition Laboratory, Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian National Zoological Park and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Suzette Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Maître I, Sulmont-Rossé C, Van Wymelbeke V, Cariou V, Bailly N, Ferrandi JM, Salle A, Cardon P, Amand M, Manckoundia P, Symoneaux R, Issanchou S, Vigneau E. Food perception, lifestyle, nutritional and health status in the older people: Typologies and factors associated with aging well. Appetite 2021; 164:105223. [PMID: 33811944 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aging process is associated with physiological, sensory, psychological, and sociological changes likely to have an impact on food intake and the nutritional status. The present study aimed to explore the heterogeneity of the French older population (>65 years old) using a multidisciplinary approach. More specifically, the study aimed to highlight different typologies (i.e. clusters of individuals with similar characteristics) within the older population. We conducted face-to-face interviews and tests with 559 French older people, recruited from different categories of dependency (at home without help, at home with help, in nursing homes). Clustering analysis highlighted seven clusters. Clusters 1-3 contained 'young' older people (<80) with a good nutritional status; these clusters differed according to food preferences, the desire to have a healthy diet, or interest in food. Clusters 4-7 mainly contained 'old' older people (80+), with an increase in the nutritional risk from cluster 4 to cluster 7. Two of these clusters grouped healthy and active people with a good level of appetite, while the two other clusters were associated with a clear decline in nutritional status, with people suffering from eating difficulties or depression. The results raise the need to develop targeted interventions to tackle malnutrition and implement health promotion strategies among the seniors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Maître
- Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures (ESA), USC 1422 GRAPPE, INRAE, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France.
| | - Claire Sulmont-Rossé
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Virginie Van Wymelbeke
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France; CHU, Unité de recherche Pôle Personnes Âgées, Dijon, France
| | | | - Nathalie Bailly
- University of Tours, E.A. 2114, Psychologie des Ages de la Vie et Adaptation, Department of Psychology, Tours, France
| | - Jean-Marc Ferrandi
- Laboratoire d'Economie et Management Nantes Atlantique (LEMNA), ONIRIS, Nantes, France
| | - Agnès Salle
- CHU, Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et nutrition, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Cardon
- Université de Lille, U.L.R. CeRIES (Centre de Recherche "Individus, Epreuves, Sociétés"), Département de sociologie, Lille, France
| | - Marion Amand
- Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures (ESA), USC 1422 GRAPPE, INRAE, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France; ONIRIS, INRAE, StatSC, Nantes, France
| | | | - Ronan Symoneaux
- Ecole Supérieure d'Agricultures (ESA), USC 1422 GRAPPE, INRAE, SFR 4207 QUASAV, Angers, France
| | - Sylvie Issanchou
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, AgroSup Dijon, CNRS, INRAE, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Timmons JF, Hone M, Cogan KE, Duffy O, Egan B. Increased Leg Strength After Concurrent Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Training in Older Adults Is Augmented by a Whole Food-Based High Protein Diet Intervention. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:653962. [PMID: 33842881 PMCID: PMC8034230 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.653962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Most studies in older adults have utilized powdered protein supplements or oral nutrition solutions as a source of additional dietary protein, but whole foods may provide a greater anabolic stimulus than protein isolated from food matrices. Therefore, the present study investigated a concurrent aerobic and resistance exercise training program in older adults, in the absence or presence of a high protein whole food-based dietary intervention, for effects on strength, physical function, and body composition. Community-dwelling older adults (n = 56; M/F, 28/28; age, 69.3 ± 4.0 years; BMI, 26.6 ± 3.7 kg m−2) participated in a 12-week intervention after randomization to either nutrition only (NUTR; n = 16), exercise only (EX, n = 19), or nutrition plus exercise (NUTR + EX, n = 21) groups. NUTR and NUTR + EX followed a dietary intervention targeting an increase in protein-rich meals at breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Exercise training in EX and NUTR + EX consisted of 24 min sessions of concurrent aerobic and resistance exercise performed three times per week. Daily protein intake increased in NUTR and NUTR + EX, but not EX. The increase in 1RM leg press strength was greater (Interaction effect, P = 0.012) in NUTR + EX [29.6 (18.1, 41.0) kg] than increases observed in NUTR [11.1 (−1.3, 23.6) kg] and EX [12.3 (0.9, 23.8) kg]. The increase in 1RM chest press strength was greater (interaction effect, P = 0.031) in NUTR + EX [6.3 (4.0, 8.6) kg] than the increase observed in NUTR [2.9 (0.3, 5.5) kg], but not EX [6.3 (3.9, 8.7) kg]. Hand-grip strength and sit-to-stand performance were each improved in all three groups, with no differences observed between groups (interaction effect, P = 0.382 and P = 0.671, respectively). An increase in percentage body fat was observed in NUTR, but not in EX or NUTR + EX (interaction effect, P = 0.018). No between-group differences were observed for change in lean body mass (interaction effect, P = 0.402). Concurrent aerobic and resistance exercise training improves strength and physical function in older adults, but combining this training with an increase in daily protein intake through whole foods may be advantageous to increase lower limb strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James F Timmons
- Institute for Sport and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Hone
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karl E Cogan
- Institute for Sport and Health, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orlaith Duffy
- Medfit Proactive Healthcare, Blackrock Co., Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brendan Egan
- School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.,National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.,Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
de O S Schmidt H, Komeroski MR, Steemburgo T, de Oliveira VR. Influence of thickening agents on rheological properties and sensory attributes of dysphagic diet. J Texture Stud 2021; 52:587-602. [PMID: 33760237 DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysphagia is the difficulty during the progression of the bolus from the mouth to the stomach. Modifying the texture of the food is a fundamental factor for safe swallowing in patients with dysphagia since inadequate consistency can result in complications. To personalize and develop diets for dysphagia, understanding, and controlling the rheological and sensory properties of thickeners is useful. This review examines the different types of thickeners used to modify the texture of foods, as well as their influence on rheological properties and sensory attributes to efficiently manage the diet in dysphagia. The study discusses characteristics such as: hardness, viscosity, viscoelasticity, as well as sensory attributes related to rheology. The thickeners xanthan gum, methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, guar gum, linseed, and chia, carboxymethylated curdlan, and konjac glucomannan were reviewed in this work. Sensory evaluations of different foods have already been carried out on some products such as: meats, carrots, soups, pates, and timbales with their modified textures. The sensory attributes measured among hydrocolloids are strongly correlated with rheological parameters. Dysphagic diets should have less hardness and adherence, but with adequate cohesiveness to facilitate chewing, swallowing to protect from aspiration and reduction of residues in the oropharynx. The use of a single type of thickener may not be ideal, their mixtures and synergistic effect can improve the viscous and elastic characteristics of foods, to obtain safe food to swallow and to improve the sensory interest of dysphagic patients. Personalized recommendations with follow-up on swallowing approaches, respecting patient's individuality, explaining thickening agents' differences would be pertinent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena de O S Schmidt
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marina Rocha Komeroski
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Thaís Steemburgo
- Nutrition Department, Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Viviani Ruffo de Oliveira
- Nutrition Department, Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Güngör Başaran AY, Akal Yıldız E. Nutrition Status, Muscle Mass, and Frailty in Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in Cyprus. J Am Coll Nutr 2021; 41:318-324. [PMID: 33729904 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2021.1884142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aging is a worldwide serious public health problem. Frailty is also becoming an alarming geriatric syndrome. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship of frailty with nutritional and muscle status in individuals aged 65 and older. METHOD The study was carried out between July 2018 and September 2019 among 347 people aged 65 and older residing in Cyprus. All the data were collected and measured with face-to-face interview method by the researcher which includes demographic information, a retrospective 1-day food consumption record, Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), anthropometric measurements, hand grip strength, muscle mass, and walking speed. RESULTS The average age of individuals was 73.12 ± 6.78 years. When sex, education levels, and drug usage were compared with EFS levels, severity of frailty was found to be significantly higher in females, non-educated individuals, and in individuals using 3 or more drugs everyday (p < 0.05). Body mass index (BMI) values of non-frail participants were found significantly higher than mildly, moderately, and severely frail participants (p < 0.05). It was observed that there was a statistically significant and negative correlation between the participants' EFS scores and muscle mass (p < 0.05). A negative correlation between hand grip strength and EFS scores was also observed. Energy and protein intake was not found to be significantly different in EFS level groups, while calcium intake of participants with mild, moderate, and severe frailty was found to be significantly lower than in those who were not frail or apparently vulnerable (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Being female, having low education levels, using more than 3 drugs per day, and having lower muscle mass increases frailty levels. As a consequence, higher education, decreasing the number of drugs used per day, and preserving muscle mass with adequate activity are important cornerstones of decreasing frailty risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asiye Yeter Güngör Başaran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Cyprus
| | - Emine Akal Yıldız
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
O'Connell ML, Coppinger T, Lacey S, Arsenic T, McCarthy AL. The nutritional status and dietary intake of free-living seniors: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 43:478-486. [PMID: 34024558 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Older adults are a population group at risk of inadequate nutrition due to reduced appetite, malabsorption, taste alterations and social factors. Yet, dietary investigations in Irish older adults are scarce. The aim of this study was to analyse the nutritional status and dietary intake of a sample of community-dwelling Irish elderly, in addition to the effect of age and gender on dietary intake in this age group. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed in 162 (n = 91 female, n = 71 male, age 73.8 ± 6.8 years) adults aged 65 years and over in a region of Southern Ireland. Nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment - Short Form (MNA-SF). Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS 21.0% and 1.2% of the study population were at risk of malnutrition and malnourished, respectively. A high prevalence of dietary insufficiencies was observed. The most common insufficiencies reported were energy (54.9%), fibre (82.7%), calcium (58.6%), magnesium (62.3%), iron (54.9%), folate (66.0%), vitamin D (93.2%) and vitamin E (61.1%). Increasing age did not significantly influence nutrient intakes in males, while vitamin C and vitamin D intakes decreased with age in females, and the incidence of dietary folate insufficiency was higher in the oldest females. Gender differences in dietary intake were evident, with a higher prevalence of dietary inadequacy in male subjects. Excessive intake of sugars, snacks and fats was observed, particularly in males, while dairy recommendations were not being met. Dietary supplement use was rare (27.2%). CONCLUSIONS The poor dietary quality of this cohort may have significant health implications. Public health strategies to improve the diets of older adults are warranted, with a particular focus on increasing micronutrient intakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maeve Lorraine O'Connell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Tara Coppinger
- Department of Sport, Leisure and Childhood Studies, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Seán Lacey
- Department of Mathematics, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Tijana Arsenic
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aoife Louise McCarthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Rossa Avenue, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Comparison of nutritional and hydration status in patients undergoing twice and thrice-weekly hemodialysis: a silent drama in developing countries. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 53:571-581. [PMID: 33394280 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02697-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In low and middle- income countries, due to lack of financial resources, the number of patients receiving one or two hemodialysis (HD) sessions a week has increased, leading to a large number of complications. Protein-energy wasting (PEW) and overhydration (OH) are common complications; nevertheless, the evidence regarding the nutritional status of patients receiving 2 and 3 weekly dialysis sessions is scarce. Thus, our objective was to compare the nutritional and hydration status of patients with two and three HD sessions. Secondarily, we aimed to compare hospitalizations, infectious complications and mortality within the following 6 months after the initial assessment. METHODS Forty-four patients in a 3 weekly session scheme and 44 dialyzed twice a week were included. Anthropometrical, biochemical, dietary and impedance measurements were performed. Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS) and PEW score were applied. Number of hospitalizations, infectious complications and mortality during the 6 months following the evaluation were recorded. RESULTS Prevalence of moderate/severe undernutrition (63.6% vs 36.4%, p < 0.006) and prevalence of OH (90.9% vs 77.3%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the twice-weekly sessions group compared to the 3 weekly sessions. The twice a week session group showed a 3.7-fold (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.3-10.5, p = 0.01), a 2.5-fold (OR 2.4, 95% CI 0.9-6.6, p = 0.01), a 4.5-fold (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.0-20.2, p < 0.05), a 8.3-fold (HR 8.3, 95% CI 2.4-28.2, p = 0.001) and a 11.6-fold (HR 11.6, 95% CI 2.4-54.0, p = 0.002) increased odds of developing undernutrition, PEW, OH, being hospitalized or death, respectively, compared to those who received three sessions per week. CONCLUSIONS Twice weekly hemodialysis scheme is associated with higher odds of moderate or severe undernutrition, PEW, OH status, hospitalization and mortality compared to a thrice-weekly hemodialysis scheme.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Unintentional weight loss is a common clinical problem with a broad differential diagnosis that is clinically important because of the associated risks of morbidity and mortality. Community-dwelling adults are often diagnosed with malignancy, nonmalignant gastrointestinal disorders, and psychiatric disorders as the cause of unintentional weight loss, whereas institutionalized older adults are diagnosed most often with psychiatric disorders. Up to a quarter of patients do not have a diagnosis after comprehensive workup, and close follow-up is warranted. Treatment involves management of underlying causes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyanage Ashanthi Menaka Perera
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 1000 First Drive NW, Austin, Minnesota, 55912, USA
| | - Aparna Chopra
- Institute for Critical Care Medicine, The Mount Sinai Hospital, 1468 Madison Avenue, Guggenheim Pavilion 6 East, Room 378, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy L Shaw
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 39, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Circulatory and Urinary B-Vitamin Responses to Multivitamin Supplement Ingestion Differ between Older and Younger Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113529. [PMID: 33212933 PMCID: PMC7698360 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multivitamin and mineral (MVM) supplements are frequently used amongst older populations to improve adequacy of micronutrients, including B-vitamins, but evidence for improved health outcomes are limited and deficiencies remain prevalent. Although this may indicate poor efficacy of supplements, this could also suggest the possibility for altered B-vitamin bioavailability and metabolism in older people. This open-label, single-arm acute parallel study, conducted at the Liggins Institute Clinical Research Unit in Auckland, compared circulatory and urinary B-vitamer responses to MVM supplementation in older (70.1 ± 2.7 y, n = 10 male, n = 10 female) compared to younger (24.2 ± 2.8 y, n = 10 male, n = 10 female) participants for 4 h after the ingestion of a single dose of a commercial MVM supplement and standardized breakfast. Older adults had a lower area under the curve (AUC) of postprandial plasma pyridoxine (p = 0.02) and pyridoxal-5′phosphate (p = 0.03) forms of vitamin B6 but greater 4-pyridoxic acid AUC (p = 0.009). Urinary pyridoxine and pyridoxal excretion were higher in younger females than in older females (time × age × sex interaction, p < 0.05). Older adults had a greater AUC increase in plasma thiamine (p = 0.01), riboflavin (p = 0.009), and pantothenic acid (p = 0.027). In older adults, there was decreased plasma responsiveness of the ingested (pyridoxine) and active (pyridoxal-5′phosphate) forms of vitamin B6, which indicated a previously undescribed alteration in either absorption or subsequent metabolic interconversion. While these findings cannot determine whether acute B6 responsiveness is adequate, this difference may have potential implications for B6 function in older adults. Although this may imply higher B vitamin substrate requirements for older people, further work is required to understand the implications of postprandial differences in availability.
Collapse
|
50
|
Kuzuya M. Nutritional status related to poor health outcomes in older people: Which is better, obese or lean? Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 21:5-13. [PMID: 33200583 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Good nutritional status is crucial for maintaining growth and health in all stages of life. However, the relationship between nutritional status and health and the effect on various health-related outcomes differ, depending on the life stage. Many adverse outcomes in older adults, directly linked to different nutritional status, are not present in middle-aged adults, and their ideal nutritional status may differ. This article will review the optimal nutritional status, mainly evaluated by anthropometric measurements such as body mass index, for older adults from various perspectives. Overall, in older adults low body mass index is at higher risk of health problems such as mortality and difficulties in physical functioning compared with middle-aged adults, reducing the risk of health problems for overweight and (abdominal) obesity. Overweight may be more beneficial than lower level of normal weight in older-old and vulnerable older people. While, with or without obesity, skeletal muscle loss or weakness as well as unintentional weight loss induces health problems in older adults. The impact of metabolic syndrome on the prognosis of older adults is clearly reduced compared with middle-aged adults, requiring a shift in medical attention in older adults from metabolic syndrome to frailty. There are still many unclear points regarding the optimal nutritional status of older people, and further research is needed to support healthy longevity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 5-13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Kuzuya
- Department of Community Healthcare & Geriatrics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Institutes of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|