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García M, Carrasco García A, Weigel W, Christ W, Lira-Junior R, Wirth L, Tauriainen J, Maleki K, Vanoni G, Vaheri A, Mäkelä S, Mustonen J, Nordgren J, Smed-Sörensen A, Strandin T, Mjösberg J, Klingström J. Innate lymphoid cells are activated in HFRS, and their function can be modulated by hantavirus-induced type I interferons. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012390. [PMID: 39038044 PMCID: PMC11293681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses cause the acute zoonotic diseases hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Infected patients show strong systemic inflammation and immune cell activation. NK cells are highly activated in HFRS, suggesting that also other innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) might be responding to infection. Here, we characterized peripheral ILC responses, and measured plasma levels of soluble factors and plasma viral load, in 17 Puumala virus (PUUV)-infected HFRS patients. This revealed an increased frequency of ILC2 in patients, in particular the ILC2 lineage-committed c-Kitlo ILC2 subset. Patients' ILCs showed an activated profile with increased proliferation and displayed altered expression of several homing markers. How ILCs are activated during viral infection is largely unknown. When analyzing PUUV-mediated activation of ILCs in vitro we observed that this was dependent on type I interferons, suggesting a role for type I interferons-produced in response to virus infection-in the activation of ILCs. Further, stimulation of naïve ILC2s with IFN-β affected ILC2 cytokine responses in vitro, causing decreased IL-5 and IL-13, and increased IL-10, CXCL10, and GM-CSF secretion. These results show that ILCs are activated in HFRS patients and suggest that the classical antiviral type I IFNs are involved in shaping ILC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina García
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Carrasco García
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Whitney Weigel
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wanda Christ
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lorenz Wirth
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Mechanistic & Structural Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Tauriainen
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kimia Maleki
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giulia Vanoni
- Institut Curie, PSL University, Inserm, Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Antti Vaheri
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Satu Mäkelä
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jukka Mustonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Johan Nordgren
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Anna Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Virology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Williams EP, Nandi A, Nam V, Allen LJS, Trindade AA, Kosiewicz MM, Jonsson CB. Modeling the Immune Response for Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Orthohantavirus Infections in Human Lung Microvasculature Endothelial Cells. Viruses 2023; 15:1806. [PMID: 37766212 PMCID: PMC10535571 DOI: 10.3390/v15091806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses, genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales, are negative-sense, single-stranded, tri-segmented RNA viruses that persistently infect rodents, shrews, and moles. Of these, only certain virus species harbored by rodents are pathogenic to humans. Infection begins with inhalation of virus particles into the lung and trafficking to the lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVEC). The reason why certain rodent-borne hantavirus species are pathogenic has long been hypothesized to be related to their ability to downregulate and dysregulate the immune response as well as increase vascular permeability of infected endothelial cells. We set out to study the temporal dynamics of host immune response modulation in primary human LMVECs following infection by Prospect Hill (nonpathogenic), Andes (pathogenic), and Hantaan (pathogenic) viruses. We measured the level of RNA transcripts for genes representing antiviral, proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic pathways from 12 to 72 h with time points every 12 h. Gene expression analysis in conjunction with mathematical modeling revealed a similar profile for all three viruses in terms of upregulated genes that partake in interferon signaling (TLR3, IRF7, IFNB1), host immune cell recruitment (CXCL10, CXCL11, and CCL5), and host immune response modulation (IDO1). We examined secreted protein levels of IFN-β, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL5, and IDO in two male and two female primary HLMVEC donors at 48 and 60 h post infection. All three viruses induced similar levels of CCL5, CXCL10, and CXCL11 within a particular donor, and the levels were similar in three of the four donors. All three viruses induced different protein secretion levels for both IFN-β and IDO and secretion levels differed between donors. In conclusion, we show that there was no difference in the transcriptional profiles of key genes in primary HLMVECs following infection by pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses, with protein secretion levels being more donor-specific than virus-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan P. Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Aadrita Nandi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.N.); (V.N.); (L.J.S.A.); (A.A.T.)
| | - Victoria Nam
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.N.); (V.N.); (L.J.S.A.); (A.A.T.)
| | - Linda J. S. Allen
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.N.); (V.N.); (L.J.S.A.); (A.A.T.)
| | - A. Alexandre Trindade
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (A.N.); (V.N.); (L.J.S.A.); (A.A.T.)
| | - Michele M. Kosiewicz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA;
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
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Abstract
Coughing is a dynamic physiological process resulting from input of vagal sensory neurons innervating the airways and perceived airway irritation. Although cough serves to protect and clear the airways, it can also be exploited by respiratory pathogens to facilitate disease transmission. Microbial components or infection-induced inflammatory mediators can directly interact with sensory nerve receptors to induce a cough response. Analysis of cough-generated aerosols and transmission studies have further demonstrated how infectious disease is spread through coughing. This review summarizes the neurophysiology of cough, cough induction by respiratory pathogens and inflammation, and cough-mediated disease transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kubra F Naqvi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA;
| | - Stuart B Mazzone
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael U Shiloh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA;
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Ngai M, Hawkes MT, Erice C, Weckman AM, Wright J, Stefanova V, Opoka RO, Namasopo S, Conroy AL, Kain KC. Intestinal Injury in Ugandan Children Hospitalized With Malaria. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:2010-2020. [PMID: 35942812 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe malaria is associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), which may involve the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS In a prospective cohort study in Uganda, we measured markers of intestinal injury (intestinal fatty-acid binding protein [I-FABP] and zonula occludens-1 [ZO-1]) and microbial translocation (lipopolysaccharide binding protein [LBP] and soluble complement of differentiation 14 [sCD14]) among children admitted with malaria. We examined their association with biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial activation, clinical signs of hypoperfusion, organ injury, and mortality. RESULTS We enrolled 523 children (median age 1.5 years, 46% female, 7.5% mortality). Intestinal FABP was above the normal range (≥400 pg/mL) in 415 of 523 patients (79%). Intestinal FABP correlated with ZO-1 (ρ = 0.11, P = .014), sCD14 (ρ = 0.12, P = .0046) as well as markers of inflammation and endothelial activation. Higher I-FABP levels were associated with lower systolic blood pressure (ρ = -0.14, P = .0015), delayed capillary refill time (ρ = 0.17, P = .00011), higher lactate level (ρ = 0.40, P < .0001), increasing stage of acute kidney injury (ρ = 0.20, P = .0034), and coma (P < .0001). Admission I-FABP levels ≥5.6 ng/mL were associated with a 7.4-fold higher relative risk of in-hospital death (95% confidence interval, 1.4-11, P = .0016). CONCLUSIONS Intestinal injury occurs commonly in children hospitalized with malaria and is associated with microbial translocation, systemic inflammation, tissue hypoperfusion, MODS, and fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Ngai
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael T Hawkes
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Clara Erice
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea M Weckman
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Wright
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Veselina Stefanova
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert O Opoka
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Mulago Hospital and Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sophie Namasopo
- Department of Paediatrics, Jinja Regional Referral Hospital, Jinja, Uganda.,Department of Paediatrics, Kabale District Hospital, Kabale, Uganda
| | - Andrea L Conroy
- Ryan White Center for Paediatric Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kevin C Kain
- Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, Department of Medicine, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Soto JA, Díaz FE, Retamal-Díaz A, Gálvez NMS, Melo-González F, Piña-Iturbe A, Ramírez MA, Bohmwald K, González PA, Bueno SM, Kalergis AM. BCG-Based Vaccines Elicit Antigen-Specific Adaptive and Trained Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and Andes orthohantavirus. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050721. [PMID: 35632475 PMCID: PMC9143576 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background:Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is a live attenuated vaccine mainly administered to newborns and used for over 100 years to prevent the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). This vaccine can induce immune response polarization towards a Th1 profile, which is desired for counteracting M. tb, other mycobacteria, and unrelated intracellular pathogens. The vaccine BCG has been used as a vector to express recombinant proteins and has been shown to protect against several diseases, particularly respiratory viruses. Methods: BCG was used to develop recombinant vaccines expressing either the Nucleoprotein from SARS-CoV-2 or Andes orthohantavirus. Mice were immunized with these vaccines with the aim of evaluating the safety and immunogenicity parameters. Results: Immunization with two doses of 1 × 108 CFU or one dose of 1 × 105 CFU of these BCGs was safe in mice. A statistically significant cellular immune response was induced by both formulations, characterized as the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Stimulation with unrelated antigens resulted in increased expression of activation markers by T cells and secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ, while increased secretion of IL-6 was found for both recombinant vaccines; all of these parameters related to a trained immunity profile. The humoral immune response elicited by both vaccines was modest, but further exposure to antigens could increase this response. Conclusions: The BCG vaccine is a promising platform for developing vaccines against different pathogens, inducing a marked antigen-specific immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A. Soto
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile
| | - Fabián E. Díaz
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Angello Retamal-Díaz
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Nicolás M. S. Gálvez
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 7550196, Chile
| | - Alejandro Piña-Iturbe
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Mario A. Ramírez
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Karen Bohmwald
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Portugal 49, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (J.A.S.); (F.E.D.); (A.R.-D.); (N.M.S.G.); (F.M.-G.); (A.P.-I.); (M.A.R.); (K.B.); (P.A.G.); (S.M.B.)
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +56-2-686-2842
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Koehler FC, Di Cristanziano V, Späth MR, Hoyer-Allo KJR, Wanken M, Müller RU, Burst V. OUP accepted manuscript. Clin Kidney J 2022; 15:1231-1252. [PMID: 35756741 PMCID: PMC9217627 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus-induced diseases are emerging zoonoses with endemic appearances and frequent outbreaks in different parts of the world. In humans, hantaviral pathology is characterized by the disruption of the endothelial cell barrier followed by increased capillary permeability, thrombocytopenia due to platelet activation/depletion and an overactive immune response. Genetic vulnerability due to certain human leukocyte antigen haplotypes is associated with disease severity. Typically, two different hantavirus-caused clinical syndromes have been reported: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The primarily affected vascular beds differ in these two entities: renal medullary capillaries in HFRS caused by Old World hantaviruses and pulmonary capillaries in HCPS caused by New World hantaviruses. Disease severity in HFRS ranges from mild, e.g. Puumala virus-associated nephropathia epidemica, to moderate, e.g. Hantaan or Dobrava virus infections. HCPS leads to a severe acute respiratory distress syndrome with high mortality rates. Due to novel insights into organ tropism, hantavirus-associated pathophysiology and overlapping clinical features, HFRS and HCPS are believed to be interconnected syndromes frequently involving the kidneys. As there are no specific antiviral treatments or vaccines approved in Europe or the USA, only preventive measures and public awareness may minimize the risk of hantavirus infection. Treatment remains primarily supportive and, depending on disease severity, more invasive measures (e.g., renal replacement therapy, mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix C Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Veronica Di Cristanziano
- Institute of Virology, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin R Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Johanna R Hoyer-Allo
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Manuel Wanken
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- CECAD, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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7
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Delayed viral clearance despite high number of activated T cells during the acute phase in Argentinean patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. EBioMedicine 2022; 75:103765. [PMID: 34986457 PMCID: PMC8743200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hallmarks of HPS are increase of vascular permeability and endothelial dysfunction. Although an exacerbated immune response is thought to be implicated in pathogenesis, clear evidence is still elusive. As orthohantaviruses are not cytopathic CD8+ T cells are believed to be the central players involved in pathogenesis. Methods Serum and blood samples from Argentinean HPS patients were collected from 2014 to 2019. Routine white blood cell analyses, quantification and characterization of T-cell phenotypic profile, viral load, neutralizing antibody response and quantification of inflammatory mediators were performed. Findings High numbers of activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were found in all HPS cases independently of disease severity. We found increased levels of some proinflammatory mediators during the acute phase of illness. Nonetheless, viral RNA remained high, showing a delay in clearance from blood up to late convalescence, when titers of neutralizing antibodies reached a high level. Interpretation The high activated phenotypic profile of T cells seems to be unable to resolve infection during the acute and early convalescent phases, and it was not associated with the severity of the disease. Thus, at least part of the activated T cells could be induced by the dysregulated inflammatory response in an unspecific manner. Viral clearance seems to have been more related to high titers of neutralizing antibodies than to the T-cell response. Funding This work was supported mainly by the Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (ANLIS) “Dr. Carlos Malbrán”. Further details of fundings sources is included in the appendix.
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8
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Simons P, Guo Y, Bondu V, Tigert SL, Harkins M, Goodfellow S, Tompkins C, Chabot-Richards D, Yang XO, Bosc LG, Bradfute S, Lawrence DA, Buranda T. Longitudinal Assessment of Cytokine Expression and Plasminogen Activation in Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome Reveals Immune Regulatory Dysfunction in End-Stage Disease. Viruses 2021; 13:1597. [PMID: 34452463 PMCID: PMC8402847 DOI: 10.3390/v13081597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic New World orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe immunopathogenic disease in humans manifested by pulmonary edema and respiratory distress, with case fatality rates approaching 40%. High levels of inflammatory mediators are present in the lungs and systemic circulation of HCPS patients. Previous studies have provided insights into the pathophysiology of HCPS. However, the longitudinal correlations of innate and adaptive immune responses and disease outcomes remain unresolved. This study analyzed serial immune responses in 13 HCPS cases due to Sin Nombre orthohantavirus (SNV), with 11 severe cases requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) treatment and two mild cases. We measured viral load, levels of various cytokines, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). We found significantly elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and PAI-1 in five end-stage cases. There was no difference between the expression of active uPA in survivors' and decedents' cases. However, total uPA in decedents' cases was significantly higher compared to survivors'. In some end-stage cases, uPA was refractory to PAI-1 inhibition as measured by zymography, where uPA and PAI-1 were strongly correlated to lymphocyte counts and IFN-γ. We also found bacterial co-infection influencing the etiology and outcome of immune response in two cases. Unsupervised Principal Component Analysis and hierarchical cluster analyses resolved separate waves of correlated immune mediators expressed in one case patient due to a sequential co-infection of bacteria and SNV. Overall, a robust proinflammatory immune response, characterized by an imbalance in T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T-cells (Treg) subsets, was correlated with dysregulated inflammation and mortality. Our sample size is small; however, the core differences correlated to survivors and end-stage HCPS are instructive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Simons
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (P.S.); (V.B.); (C.T.); (D.C.-R.)
| | - Yan Guo
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource Center, Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Virginie Bondu
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (P.S.); (V.B.); (C.T.); (D.C.-R.)
| | - Susan L. Tigert
- Clinical and Translational Science Center (CTSC), University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Michelle Harkins
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.H.); (S.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Samuel Goodfellow
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.H.); (S.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Cana Tompkins
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (P.S.); (V.B.); (C.T.); (D.C.-R.)
| | - Devon Chabot-Richards
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (P.S.); (V.B.); (C.T.); (D.C.-R.)
| | - Xuexian O. Yang
- Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Laura Gonzalez Bosc
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Steven Bradfute
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (M.H.); (S.G.); (S.B.)
| | - Daniel A. Lawrence
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Tione Buranda
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA; (P.S.); (V.B.); (C.T.); (D.C.-R.)
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9
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Brocato RL, Altamura LA, Carey BD, Perley CC, Blancett CD, Minogue TD, Hooper JW. Comparison of transcriptional responses between pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantavirus infections in Syrian hamsters using NanoString. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009592. [PMID: 34339406 PMCID: PMC8360559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Syrian hamsters infected with Andes virus (ANDV) develop a disease that recapitulates many of the salient features of human hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), including lethality. Infection of hamsters with Hantaan virus (HTNV) results in an asymptomatic, disseminated infection. In order to explore this dichotomy, we examined the transcriptome of ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters. RESULTS Using NanoString technology, we examined kinetic transcriptional responses in whole blood collected from ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters. Of the 770 genes analyzed, key differences were noted in the kinetics of type I interferon sensing and signaling responses, complement activation, and apoptosis pathways between ANDV- and HTNV-infected hamsters. CONCLUSIONS Delayed activation of type I interferon responses in ANDV-infected hamsters represents a potential mechanism that ANDV uses to subvert host immune responses and enhance disease. This is the first genome-wide analysis of hantavirus-infected hamsters and provides insight into potential avenues for therapeutics to hantavirus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L. Brocato
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Louis A. Altamura
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brian D. Carey
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Casey C. Perley
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Candace D. Blancett
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Timothy D. Minogue
- Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jay W. Hooper
- Virology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Saavedra F, Díaz FE, Retamal‐Díaz A, Covián C, González PA, Kalergis AM. Immune response during hantavirus diseases: implications for immunotherapies and vaccine design. Immunology 2021; 163:262-277. [PMID: 33638192 PMCID: PMC8207335 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses, previously named hantaviruses, cause two emerging zoonotic diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Overall, over 200 000 cases are registered every year worldwide, with a fatality rate ranging between 0·1% and 15% for HFRS and between 20% and 40% for HCPS. No specific treatment or vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or prevent hantavirus-caused syndromes. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms at the basis of hantavirus-induced disease. However, it has been hypothesized that an excessive inflammatory response plays an essential role in the course of the disease. Furthermore, the contributions of the cellular immune response to either viral clearance or pathology have not been fully elucidated. This article discusses recent findings relative to the immune responses elicited to hantaviruses in subjects suffering HFRS or HCPS, highlighting the similarities and differences between these two clinical diseases. Also, we summarize the most recent data about the cellular immune response that could be important for designing new vaccines to prevent this global public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farides Saavedra
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Fabián E. Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Angello Retamal‐Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Camila Covián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de EndocrinologíaFacultad de MedicinaEscuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
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11
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Li Y, Quan C, Xing W, Wang P, Gao J, Zhang Z, Jiang X, Ma C, Carr MJ, He Q, Gao L, Bi Y, Tang H, Shi W. Rapid humoral immune responses are required for recovery from haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome patients. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 9:2303-2314. [PMID: 32990499 PMCID: PMC8284976 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1830717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) following Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection displays variable clinical signs. Humoral responses elicited during HTNV infections are considered important, however, this process remains poorly understood. Herein, we have investigated the phenotype, temporal dynamics, and characteristics of B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire in an HFRS cohort. The serological profiles were characterized by a lowered expression level of nucleoprotein (NP)-specific antibody in severe cases. Importantly, B-cell subsets were activated and proliferated within the first two weeks of symptom onset and moderate cases reacted more rapidly. BCR analysis in the recovery phase revealed a dramatic increase in the immunoglobulin gene diversity which was more significantly progressed in moderate infections. In severe cases, B-cell-related transcription was lower with inflammatory sets overactivated. Taken together, these data suggest the clinical signs and disease recovery in HFRS patients were positively impacted by rapid and efficacious humoral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoni Li
- Baoji Center Hospital, Baoji, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuansong Quan
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijia Xing
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Peihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiming Gao
- Institute of Immunology, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanmin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Michael J Carr
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Japan
| | - Qian He
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhai Bi
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early Warning, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Immunology, Shandong First Medical University& Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People's Republic of China
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12
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Martynova E, Davidyuk Y, Kabwe E, Garanina EE, Shakirova V, Pavelkina V, Uskova Y, Stott RJ, Foster TL, Markelova M, Goyal M, Gupta A, Bhola M, Kumar V, Baranwal M, Rizvanov AA, Khaiboullina SF. Cytokine, Chemokine, and Metalloprotease Activation in the Serum of Patients with Nephropathia Epidemica from the Republic of Tatarstan and the Republic of Mordovia, Russia. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050527. [PMID: 33925451 PMCID: PMC8145562 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nephropathia Epidemica (NE), endemic to several Volga regions of Russia, including the Republic of Tatarstan (RT) and the Republic of Mordovia (RM), is a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by infection with rodent-borne orthohantaviruses. Although NE cases have been reported for decades, little is known about the hantavirus strains associated with human infection in these regions. There is also limited understanding of the pathogenesis of NE in the RT and the RM. To address these knowledge gaps, we conducted comparative analyses of patients with NE in the RT and the RM. Clinical symptoms were more severe in patients with NE from the RM with longer observed duration of fever symptoms and hospitalization. Analysis of patient sera showed changes in the levels of numerous cytokines, chemokines, and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) in patients with NE from both the RT and the RM, suggesting leukocyte activation, extracellular matrix degradation, and leukocyte chemotaxis. Interestingly, levels of several cytokines were distinctly different between patients NE from the RT when compared with those from the RM. These differences were not related to the genetic variation of orthohantaviruses circulating in those regions, as sequence analysis showed that Puumala virus (PUUV) was the causative agent of NE in these regions. Additionally, only the “Russia” (RUS) genetic lineage of PUUV was detected in the serum samples of patients with NE from both the RT and the RM. We therefore conclude that differences in serum cytokine, chemokine, and MMP levels between the RT and the RM are related to environmental factors and lifestyle differences that influence individual immune responses to orthohantavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuriy Davidyuk
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Ekaterina E. Garanina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Venera Shakirova
- Infectious Diseases Department, Kazan State Medical Academy, 420012 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Vera Pavelkina
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (V.P.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yulia Uskova
- Infectious Diseases Department, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (V.P.); (Y.U.)
| | - Robert J. Stott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Toshana L. Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK; (R.J.S.); (T.L.F.)
| | - Maria Markelova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Mehendi Goyal
- Doconvid.ai, Bestech Business Tower, Mohali 160055, India;
| | - Abhimat Gupta
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India;
| | - Mannan Bhola
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India;
| | - Manoj Baranwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India; (M.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Albert A. Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
| | - Svetlana F. Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (Y.D.); (E.K.); (E.E.G.); (M.M.); (A.A.R.); (S.F.K.)
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13
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Salinas TP, Garrido JL, Salazar JR, Gonzalez P, Zambrano N, Fuentes-Villalobos F, Bravo F, Fica-Leon V, Salas-Burgos A, Calvo M, Alvarez R, Armien B, Barria MI. Cytokine Profiles and Antibody Response Associated to Choclo Orthohantavirus Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:603228. [PMID: 33815363 PMCID: PMC8017165 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.603228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New World Hantaviruses (NWHs) are the etiological agent underlying hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), a severe respiratory disease with high mortality rates in humans. In Panama, infections with Choclo Orthohantavirus (CHOV) cause a much milder illness characterized by higher seroprevalence and lower mortality rates. To date, the cytokine profiles and antibody responses associated with this milder form of HCPS have not been defined. Therefore, in this study, we examined immune serological profiles associated with CHOV infections. Methods For this retrospective study, sera from fifteen individuals with acute CHOV-induced HCPS, were analyzed alongside sera from fifteen convalescent phase individuals and thirty-three asymptomatic, CHOV-seropositive individuals. Cytokine profiles were analyzed by multiplex immunoassay. Antibody subclasses, binding, and neutralization against CHOV-glycoprotein (CHOV-GP) were evaluated by ELISA, and flow cytometry. Results High titers of IFNγ, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10 serum cytokines were found in the acute individuals. Elevated IL-4 serum levels were found in convalescent and asymptomatic seropositive individuals. High titers of IgG1 subclass were observed across the three cohorts analyzed. Neutralizing antibody response against CHOV-GP was detectable in few acute individuals but was strong in both convalescent and asymptomatic seropositive individuals. Conclusion A Th1/Th2 cytokine signature is characteristic during acute mild HCPS caused by CHOV infection. High expression of Th2 and IL-8 cytokines are correlated with clinical parameters in acute mild HCPS. In addition, a strong IL-4 signature is associated with different cohorts, including asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, asymptomatic individuals presented high titers of neutralizing antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tybbysay P Salinas
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Jose L Garrido
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacqueline R Salazar
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Publio Gonzalez
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama
| | - Nicole Zambrano
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco Fuentes-Villalobos
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Felipe Bravo
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States
| | - Victor Fica-Leon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alexis Salas-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mario Calvo
- Institute of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Blas Armien
- Department of Research in Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases, Gorgas Memorial Institute of Health Studies, Panama City, Panama.,Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SIN), SENACYT, Panama City, Panama
| | - Maria Ines Barria
- Department of Microbiology, Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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14
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Maleki KT, Tauriainen J, García M, Kerkman PF, Christ W, Dias J, Wigren Byström J, Leeansyah E, Forsell MN, Ljunggren HG, Ahlm C, Björkström NK, Sandberg JK, Klingström J. MAIT cell activation is associated with disease severity markers in acute hantavirus infection. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100220. [PMID: 33763658 PMCID: PMC7974553 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are zoonotic RNA viruses that cause severe acute disease in humans. Infected individuals have strong inflammatory responses that likely cause immunopathology. Here, we studied the response of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in peripheral blood of individuals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) caused by Puumala orthohantavirus, a hantavirus endemic in Europe. We show that MAIT cell levels decrease in the blood during HFRS and that residual MAIT cells are highly activated. This activation correlates with HFRS severity markers. In vitro activation of MAIT cells by hantavirus-exposed antigen-presenting cells is dependent on type I interferons (IFNs) and independent of interleukin-18 (IL-18). These findings highlight the role of type I IFNs in virus-driven MAIT cell activation and suggest a potential role of MAIT cells in the disease pathogenesis of viral infections. MAIT cells are activated in individuals with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) MAIT cell activation correlates with HFRS severity markers during hantavirus infection MAIT cell blood levels decline during acute HFRS Hantavirus-mediated MAIT cell activation is type I IFN dependent
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia T Maleki
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Tauriainen
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marina García
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Priscilla F Kerkman
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection & Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wanda Christ
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joana Dias
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julia Wigren Byström
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection & Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China.,Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mattias N Forsell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection & Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection & Immunology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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15
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Monocyte subset redistribution from blood to kidneys in patients with Puumala virus caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009400. [PMID: 33690725 PMCID: PMC7984619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune cells like monocytes patrol the vasculature and mucosal surfaces, recognize pathogens, rapidly redistribute to affected tissues and cause inflammation by secretion of cytokines. We previously showed that monocytes are reduced in blood but accumulate in the airways of patients with Puumala virus (PUUV) caused hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). However, the dynamics of monocyte infiltration to the kidneys during HFRS, and its impact on disease severity are currently unknown. Here, we examined longitudinal peripheral blood samples and renal biopsies from HFRS patients and performed in vitro experiments to investigate the fate of monocytes during HFRS. During the early stages of HFRS, circulating CD14-CD16+ nonclassical monocytes (NCMs) that patrol the vasculature were reduced in most patients. Instead, CD14+CD16- classical (CMs) and CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocytes (IMs) were increased in blood, in particular in HFRS patients with more severe disease. Blood monocytes from patients with acute HFRS expressed higher levels of HLA-DR, the endothelial adhesion marker CD62L and the chemokine receptors CCR7 and CCR2, as compared to convalescence, suggesting monocyte activation and migration to peripheral tissues during acute HFRS. Supporting this hypothesis, increased numbers of HLA-DR+, CD14+, CD16+ and CD68+ cells were observed in the renal tissues of acute HFRS patients compared to controls. In vitro, blood CD16+ monocytes upregulated CD62L after direct exposure to PUUV whereas CD16- monocytes upregulated CCR7 after contact with PUUV-infected endothelial cells, suggesting differential mechanisms of activation and response between monocyte subsets. Together, our findings suggest that NCMs are reduced in blood, potentially via CD62L-mediated attachment to endothelial cells and monocytes are recruited to the kidneys during HFRS. Monocyte mobilization, activation and functional impairment together may influence the severity of disease in acute PUUV-HFRS.
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16
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García M, Kokkinou E, Carrasco García A, Parrot T, Palma Medina LM, Maleki KT, Christ W, Varnaitė R, Filipovic I, Ljunggren H, Björkström NK, Folkesson E, Rooyackers O, Eriksson LI, Sönnerborg A, Aleman S, Strålin K, Gredmark‐Russ S, Klingström J, Mjösberg J. Innate lymphoid cell composition associates with COVID-19 disease severity. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1224. [PMID: 33343897 PMCID: PMC7734472 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is unknown. Understanding the immune response in COVID-19 could contribute to unravel the pathogenesis and identification of treatment targets. Here, we describe the phenotypic landscape of circulating ILCs in COVID-19 patients and identified ILC phenotypes correlated to serum biomarkers, clinical markers and laboratory parameters relevant in COVID-19. METHODS Blood samples collected from moderately (n = 11) and severely ill (n = 12) COVID-19 patients, as well as healthy control donors (n = 16), were analysed with 18-parameter flow cytometry. Using supervised and unsupervised approaches, we examined the ILC activation status and homing profile. Clinical and laboratory parameters were obtained from all COVID-19 patients, and serum biomarkers were analysed with multiplex immunoassays. RESULTS Innate lymphoid cells were largely depleted from the circulation of COVID-19 patients compared with healthy controls. Remaining circulating ILCs revealed decreased frequencies of ILC2 in severe COVID-19, with a concomitant decrease of ILC precursors (ILCp) in all patients, compared with controls. ILC2 and ILCp showed an activated phenotype with increased CD69 expression, whereas expression levels of the chemokine receptors CXCR3 and CCR4 were significantly altered in ILC2 and ILCp, and ILC1, respectively. The activated ILC profile of COVID-19 patients was associated with soluble inflammatory markers, while frequencies of ILC subsets were correlated with laboratory parameters that reflect the disease severity. CONCLUSION This study provides insights into the potential role of ILCs in immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, particularly linked to the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina García
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Efthymia Kokkinou
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Anna Carrasco García
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Tiphaine Parrot
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Laura M Palma Medina
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Kimia T Maleki
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Wanda Christ
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Renata Varnaitė
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Iva Filipovic
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Hans‐Gustaf Ljunggren
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Niklas K Björkström
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Elin Folkesson
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Department of Medicine SolnaDivision of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Olav Rooyackers
- Department of Clinical Science, Technology and InterventionDivision of Anesthesiology and Intensive CareKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
- Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive CareKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Lars I Eriksson
- Function Perioperative Medicine and Intensive CareKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Department of Physiology and PharmacologySection for Anesthesiology and Intensive CareKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and DermatologyDepartment of Medicine HuddingeKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Soo Aleman
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and DermatologyDepartment of Medicine HuddingeKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Kristoffer Strålin
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Division of Infectious Diseases and DermatologyDepartment of Medicine HuddingeKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Sara Gredmark‐Russ
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Jonas Klingström
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Jenny Mjösberg
- Department of Medicine HuddingeCenter for Infectious MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
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17
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Canedo-Marroquín G, Saavedra F, Andrade CA, Berrios RV, Rodríguez-Guilarte L, Opazo MC, Riedel CA, Kalergis AM. SARS-CoV-2: Immune Response Elicited by Infection and Development of Vaccines and Treatments. Front Immunol 2020; 11:569760. [PMID: 33362758 PMCID: PMC7759609 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.569760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) announced in March a pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This new infectious disease was named Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19), and at October 2020, more than 39,000,000 cases of SARS-CoV-2 have been detected worldwide leading to near 1,100,000 deaths. Clinically, COVID-19 is characterized by clinical manifestations, such as fever, dry cough, headache, and in more severe cases, respiratory distress. Moreover, neurological-, cardiac-, and renal-related symptoms have also been described. Clinical evidence suggests that migration of immune cells to the affected organs can produce an exacerbated release of proinflammatory mediators that contribute to disease and render the immune response as a major player during the development of the COVID-19 disease. Due to the current sanitary situation, the development of vaccines is imperative. Up to the date, 42 prototypes are being tested in humans in different clinical stages, with 10 vaccine candidates undergoing evaluation in phase III clinical trials. In the same way, the search for an effective treatment to approach the most severe cases is also in constant advancement. Several potential therapies have been tested since COVID-19 was described, including antivirals, antiparasitic and immune modulators. Recently, clinical trials with hydroxychloroquine-a promising drug in the beginning-were suspended. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved convalescent serum administration as a treatment for SARS-CoV-2 patients. Moreover, monoclonal antibody therapy is also under development to neutralize the virus and prevent infection. In this article, we describe the clinical manifestations and the immunological information available about COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, we discuss current therapies under study and the development of vaccines to prevent this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Canedo-Marroquín
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Farides Saavedra
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina A. Andrade
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roslye V. Berrios
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Linmar Rodríguez-Guilarte
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María C. Opazo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia A. Riedel
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Martinez-Valdebenito C, Andaur C, Angulo J, Henriquez C, Ferrés M, Le Corre N. Characterization of Oral Immunity in Cases and Close Household Contacts Exposed to Andes Orthohantavirus (ANDV). Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:557273. [PMID: 33224896 PMCID: PMC7670062 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.557273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) is the sole etiologic agent of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome in Chile and, until now, the only Hantavirus known to be transmitted by person-to-person route. The main risk of person-to-person transmission is to be a sexual partner of an index case, and deep kissing the main mechanism of infection. Experimental reports suggest that ANDV infection can be inhibited by some saliva components. Therefore, some host factors like saliva quality, could help to explain why some individuals do not become infected even though their exposure to the virus is high. Aim: To compare some saliva components, such cytokines and mucins, between ANDV-infected cases (exposed-sick), their close household contacts (exposed-not sick) and healthy control not exposed. Methods: Sixty-nine confirmed ANDV-infected cases, 76 close household contacts exposed to ANDV but not infected (CHC) and 39 healthy control not exposed (HCNE). The following components were measured in saliva: secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) by ELISA; cytokines (IL1β, IL12p70, TNFα, INFy, IL10, IL6, VEGF, IP10, and IL8) by Multiplex Assay and mucins MUC7 and MUC5B by Western Blotting. Results: Among infected cases, CHC and HCNE analyzed 74, 45, and 33% were men, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The average age for cases, CHC and HCNE was 37.7, 28.7, and 32 years, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). The average concentration of sIgA in infected cases was 4.846 mg/mL, higher than for CHC group, 0.333 mg/mL (p ≤ 0.05). For cytokines, significant differences were found comparing all groups for IFNy, IL12p70, and IL8. Among CHC group, there was a higher frequency of detection of MUC7 isoform (62.6%; 31/49) compared to ANDV-infected cases (40.5%; 17/42) (p < 0.05). Similarly, presence of MUC5B was higher among CHC groups (62.16%; 46/74) than in ANDV-infected cases (44.4%; 28/63) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Three salivary components showed differences between infected cases and close household contacts (sIgA, cytokines, and mucins). These differences can be explained by the acute state of the disease in the ANDV-infected cases group. However, the differences in MUC5B and isoforms of MUC7 are not entirely explainable by the infection itself. This work represents a novel description of salivary components in the context of ANDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanza Martinez-Valdebenito
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Andaur
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jenniffer Angulo
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia (IMII), Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Henriquez
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcela Ferrés
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Le Corre
- Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátricas, División de Pediatría, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Infectología y Virología Molecular, Red Salud UC Christus, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Saavedra F, Garrido JL, Fuentes-Villalobos F, Calvo M, Riquelme R, Rioseco ML, Chahín C, Ferreira L, Alvarez R, Nova-Lamperti E, Barria MI. Differential CD4 T Regulatory Cell Phenotype Induced by Andes Hantavirus Glycoprotein. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:430. [PMID: 32984065 PMCID: PMC7477076 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) caused by Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) in South America is a public health threat due to the significant rate of mortality and the lack of a specific treatment. Interestingly, the virus does not produce cytopathic effect, thereby the strong antiviral immune response is suspected to contribute to pathogenesis, hence is important to understand the balance between protective and harmfully immunity. CD4+ T regulatory cells (Treg) are essential to control an exacerbated immune response. In human ANDV infection, little is known about CD4+ Treg cells, which may be involved in control immunopathology associated to the infection. In this report, we characterize the phenotype of memory CD4+ Tregs in a HCPS survivor's cohort. Based on the expression of CXCR3, CCR4, and CCR6, we identified different Th-like Treg populations in ANDV survival's PBMCs. In addition, the effect of ANDV-glycoprotein virus like particles (VLP) was determined. We demonstrated that memory CD4+ Treg from HCPS present a specific phenotype, showing higher frequency of PD-1 compared to healthy donors (HD). In addition, it was observed a decrease in the frequency of Th1-like memory CD4+ Treg in HCPS, important to highlight that this signature could be preserved even years after resolution of infection. Moreover, to gain insight in the mechanism involved, we evaluated whether ANDV-glycoprotein (GP) VLP could modulate CD4+ Treg. Interestingly, ANDV-GP VLP induced a decrease in the frequency of CXCR3 (Th1-like) and an increase in CCR4 (Th2-like) memory CD4+ Treg in both HD and HCPS PBMCs, indicating that ANDV-GP could specifically act over CXCR3 and CCR4 in CD4+ Treg. This report contributes to the study of human CD4+ Treg cells in ANDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farides Saavedra
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Biotechnology Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Jose L Garrido
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Biotechnology Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States
| | - Francisco Fuentes-Villalobos
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Biotechnology Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Mario Calvo
- Institute of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Raúl Riquelme
- Hospital Puerto Montt Dr. Eduardo Schoütz Schroeder, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Chahín
- Hospital Regional Temuco Dr. Hernán Henríquez Aravena, Temuco, Chile
| | - Leonila Ferreira
- Hospital Clínico Regional Guillermo Grant Benavente, Concepción, Chile
| | | | - Estefania Nova-Lamperti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Maria Ines Barria
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Biotechnology Center, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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20
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Meeting report: Eleventh International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2020; 176:104733. [PMID: 32068071 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 11th International Conference on Hantaviruses (ICH 2019) was organized by the International Society for Hantaviruses (ISH), and held on September 1-4, 2019, at the Irish College, in Leuven, Belgium. These ICHs have been held every three years since 1989. ICH 2019 was attended by 158 participants from 33 countries. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology; pathogenesis and immune responses; virus phylogeny, replication and morphogenesis; epidemiology; vaccines, therapeutics and prevention; and clinical aspects and diagnosis.
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21
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Douglas KO, Samuels TA, Gittens-St Hilaire M. Serum LPS Associated with Hantavirus and Dengue Disease Severity in Barbados. Viruses 2019; 11:v11090838. [PMID: 31505806 PMCID: PMC6783883 DOI: 10.3390/v11090838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus and dengue virus (DENV) infections are caused by RNA viruses which infect immune systems’ cells including monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells and occur year-round in Barbados. A retrospective serological study (2008–2015) was conducted on hantavirus and dengue patient sera confirmed by IgM and IgG ELISA, NS1 and RT-PCR using Limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) kinetic turbidimetric method to determine serum endotoxin levels. Hantavirus patients were categorized into two groups, namely (a) hospitalized and (b) non-hospitalized. Dengue patients were categorized into 3 groups using 2009 WHO dengue guidelines (a) severe dengue (SD), (b) hospitalized non-severe dengue (non-SD) and (c) non-hospitalized non-SD. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the association of endotoxin levels with hantavirus disease severity based on hospitalization and dengue disease severity. Serum endotoxin levels are associated with hantavirus disease severity and hospitalization and dengue disease severity (p < 0.01). Similar studies have found an association of serum endotoxin levels with dengue disease severity but never with hantavirus infection. Co-detection of hantavirus- and DENV-specific IgM in some patients were observed with elevated serum endotoxin levels. In addition, previous studies observed hantavirus replication in the gut of patients, gastrointestinal tract as a possible entry route of infection and evidence of microbial translocation and its impact on hantavirus disease severity. A significant correlation of serum endotoxin and hantavirus disease severity and hospitalization in hantavirus infected patients is reported for the first time ever. In addition, serum endotoxin levels correlated with dengue disease severity. This study adds further support to the role of endotoxin in both hantavirus and dengue virus infection and disease severity and its role as a possible therapeutic target for viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHFs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk Osmond Douglas
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, BB11000 St. Michael, Barbados.
| | - Thelma Alafia Samuels
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, BB11000 St. Michael, Barbados.
- George Alleyne Chronic Disease Research Centre (GA-CDRC), University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, BB11000 St. Michael, Barbados.
| | - Marquita Gittens-St Hilaire
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, BB11000 St. Michael, Barbados.
- Best-Dos Santos Public Health Laboratory, University of the West Indies, Cave Hill, BB11000 St. Michael, Barbados.
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22
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Deletions in Genes Participating in Innate Immune Response Modify the Clinical Course of Andes Orthohantavirus Infection. Viruses 2019; 11:v11080680. [PMID: 31349540 PMCID: PMC6723883 DOI: 10.3390/v11080680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) is an important human pathogen causing hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) with a fatality rate of 30% in Chile. Around 60% of all cases have a severe clinical course, while the others have a mild clinical course. The main goal of this study was to understand if the genetic variation of patients is associated with the clinical course they develop after ANDV infection. For this, the frequency of copy number variants (CNVs, i.e., deletions and duplications) was studied in 195 patients, 88 with mild and 107 with severe HCPS. CNVs were called from intensity data of the Affymetrix Genome-Wide SNP Array 6.0. The analysis of the data was performed with PennCNV, ParseCNV and R softwares; Results: a deletion of 19, 416 bp in the q31.3 region of chromosome 1 is found more frequently in severe patients (p < 0.05). This region contains Complement Factor H Related (CFHR1) and CFHR3 genes, regulators of the complement cascade. A second deletion of 1.81 kb located in the p13 region of chr20 was significantly more frequent in mild patients (p < 0.05). This region contains the SIRPB1 gene, which participates in the innate immune response, more specifically in neutrophil trans-epithelial migration. Both deletions are associated with the clinical course of HCPS, the first being a risk factor and the second being protective. The participation of genes contained in both deletions in ANDV infection pathophysiology deserves further investigation.
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23
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Klingström J, Smed-Sörensen A, Maleki KT, Solà-Riera C, Ahlm C, Björkström NK, Ljunggren HG. Innate and adaptive immune responses against human Puumala virus infection: immunopathogenesis and suggestions for novel treatment strategies for severe hantavirus-associated syndromes. J Intern Med 2019; 285:510-523. [PMID: 30663801 PMCID: PMC6850289 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Two related hyperinflammatory syndromes are distinguished following infection of humans with hantaviruses: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) seen in Eurasia and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) seen in the Americas. Fatality rates are high, up to 10% for HFRS and around 35%-40% for HPS. Puumala virus (PUUV) is the most common HFRS-causing hantavirus in Europe. Here, we describe recent insights into the generation of innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune responses following clinical infection with PUUV. First described are studies demonstrating a marked redistribution of peripheral blood mononuclear phagocytes (MNP) to the airways, a process that may underlie local immune activation at the site of primary infection. We then describe observations of an excessive natural killer (NK) cell activation and the persistence of highly elevated numbers of NK cells in peripheral blood following PUUV infection. A similar vigorous CD8 Tcell response is also described, though Tcell responses decline with viraemia. Like MNPs, many NK cells and CD8 T cells also localize to the lung upon acute PUUV infection. Following this, findings demonstrating the ability of hantaviruses, including PUUV, to cause apoptosis resistance in infected target cells, are described. These observations, and associated inflammatory cytokine responses, may provide new insights into HFRS and HPS disease pathogenesis. Based on similarities between inflammatory responses in severe hantavirus infections and other hyperinflammatory disease syndromes, we speculate whether some therapeutic interventions that have been successful in the latter conditions may also be applicable in severe hantavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Klingström
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Smed-Sörensen
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K T Maleki
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Solà-Riera
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases, Umeå University Hospital, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - N K Björkström
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H G Ljunggren
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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