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Alves LM, Valkov VT, Vittozzi Y, Ariante A, Notte A, Perez T, Barbulova A, Rogato A, Lacombe B, Chiurazzi M. The Lotus japonicus NPF4.6 gene, encoding for a dual nitrate and ABA transporter, plays a role in the lateral root elongation process and is not involved in the N 2-fixing nodule development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109144. [PMID: 39341182 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Plant root development depends on signaling pathways responding to external and internal signals. In this study we demonstrate the involvement of the Lotus japonicus LjNPF4.6 gene in the ABA and nitrate root responding pathways. LjNPF4.6 expression in roots is induced by external application of both nitrate and ABA. LjNPF4.6 promoter activity is spatially localized in epidermal cell layer and vascular bundle structures with the latter pattern being controlled by externally applied ABA. LjNPF4.6 cRNA injection achieves both nitrate and ABA uptake in Xenopus laevis oocytes and the analyses of L. japonicus knock-out insertion mutants confirmed the role played by LjNPF4.6 in root nitrate uptake. The phenotypic characterization of the Ljnpf4.6 plants indicates the role played by LjNPF4.6 in the root program development in response to exogenously applied nitrate and ABA. Based on the presented data, the mode of action of this transporter is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Martin Alves
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Vladimir Totev Valkov
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ylenia Vittozzi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Anita Ariante
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alberta Notte
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Thibaut Perez
- IPSIM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Ani Barbulova
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rogato
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Benoit Lacombe
- IPSIM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Maurizio Chiurazzi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (CNR), Via P. Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
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2
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Li Y, Tang MK, Carmella SG, Peters CP, Cohen JD, Hegeman AD, Hecht SS. Hydroponic Growth of [ 13C]-Labeled Tobacco for DNA Damage Studies in Cigarette Smokers. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38953685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is the acknowledged major cause of cancers of the lung and oral cavity and is an established important risk factor for multiple other cancers. DNA addition products (DNA adducts) caused by cigarette smoking are critical factors in its mechanism of carcinogenesis. However, most DNA adducts detected to date in humans cannot be specifically ascribed to smoking but rather have multiple exogenous and endogenous sources. In the study reported here, we prepared [13C]-labeled tobacco to address this problem. We report for the first time the successful growth from seeds to flowering under hydroponic conditions of highly [13C]-labeled tobacco in a controlled 13CO2 environment. The standard growth procedure with optimized conditions is described in detail. The [13C]-enrichment rate was assessed by quantifying nicotine and sugars and their [13C]-isotopologues in this tobacco using high-resolution mass spectrometry, reaching >94% in the tobacco leaves. The [13C]-labeled leaves after curing will be used to make cigarettes, allowing investigation of the specific contributions of tobacco smoke carcinogens to identified DNA adducts in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Mei Kuen Tang
- Masonic Cancer Center and Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Steven G Carmella
- Masonic Cancer Center and Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Calvin P Peters
- Department of Horticultural Science and the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Jerry D Cohen
- Department of Horticultural Science and the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Adrian D Hegeman
- Department of Horticultural Science and the Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Stephen S Hecht
- Masonic Cancer Center and Graduate Program in Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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3
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Burian M, Podgórska A, Kryzheuskaya K, Gieczewska K, Sliwinska E, Szal B. Ammonium treatment inhibits cell cycle activity and induces nuclei endopolyploidization in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2024; 259:94. [PMID: 38509428 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04372-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This study determined the effect of ammonium supply on the cell division process and showed that ammonium-dependent elevated reactive oxygen species production could mediate the downregulation of the cell cycle-related gene expression. Plants grown under high-ammonium conditions show stunted growth and other toxicity symptoms, including oxidative stress. However, how ammonium regulates the development of plants remains unknown. Growth is defined as an increase in cell volume or proliferation. In the present study, ammonium-related changes in cell cycle activity were analyzed in seedlings, apical buds, and young leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana plants. In all experimental ammonium treatments, the genes responsible for regulating cell cycle progression, such as cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins, were downregulated in the studied tissues. Thus, ammonium nutrition could be considered to reduce cell proliferation; however, the cause of this phenomenon may be secondary. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are produced in large amounts in response to ammonium nutrition, can act as intermediates in this process. Indeed, high ROS levels resulting from H2O2 treatment or reduced ROS production in rbohc mutants, similar to ammonium-triggered ROS, correlated with altered cell cycle-related gene expression. It can be concluded that the characteristic ammonium growth suppression may be executed by enhanced ROS metabolism to inhibit cell cycle activity. This study provides a base for future research in determining the mechanism behind ammonium-induced dwarfism in plants, and strategies to mitigate such stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Burian
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Podgórska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katsiaryna Kryzheuskaya
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gieczewska
- Department of Plant Anatomy and Cytology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elwira Sliwinska
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cytometry, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Kaliskiego 7, 85-796, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Bożena Szal
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Huang Y, Ji Z, Zhang S, Li S. Function of hormone signaling in regulating nitrogen-use efficiency in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 294:154191. [PMID: 38335845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important nutrients for crop plant performance, however, the excessive application of nitrogenous fertilizers in agriculture significantly increases production costs and causes severe environmental problems. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms of N-use efficiency (NUE) with the aim of developing new crop varieties that combine high yields with improved NUE is an urgent goal for achieving more sustainable agriculture. Plant NUE is a complex trait that is affected by multiple factors, of which hormones are known to play pivotal roles. In this review, we focus on the interaction between the biosynthesis and signaling pathways of plant hormones with N metabolism, and summarize recent studies on the interplay between hormones and N, including how N regulates multiple hormone biosynthesis, transport and signaling and how hormones modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to external N sources. Finally, we explore potential strategies for promoting crop NUE by modulating hormone synthesis, transport and signaling. This provides insights for future breeding of N-efficient crop varieties and the advancement of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Ji
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
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5
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Coleto I, Marín-Peña AJ, Urbano-Gámez JA, González-Hernández AI, Shi W, Li G, Marino D. Interaction of ammonium nutrition with essential mineral cations. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6131-6144. [PMID: 37279530 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development depend on sufficient nutrient availability in soils. Agricultural soils are generally nitrogen (N) deficient, and thus soils need to be supplemented with fertilizers. Ammonium (NH4+) is a major inorganic N source. However, at high concentrations, NH4+ becomes a stressor that inhibits plant growth. The cause of NH4+ stress or toxicity is multifactorial, but the interaction of NH4+ with other nutrients is among the main determinants of plants' sensitivity towards high NH4+ supply. In addition, NH4+ uptake and assimilation provoke the acidification of the cell external medium (apoplast/rhizosphere), which has a clear impact on nutrient availability. This review summarizes current knowledge, at both the physiological and the molecular level, of the interaction of NH4+ nutrition with essential mineral elements that are absorbed as cations, both macronutrients (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+) and micronutrients (Fe2+/3+, Mn2+, Cu+/2+, Zn2+, Ni2+). We hypothesize that considering these nutritional interactions, and soil pH, when formulating fertilizers may be key in order to boost the use of NH4+-based fertilizers, which have less environmental impact compared with nitrate-based ones. In addition, we are convinced that better understanding of these interactions will help to identify novel targets with the potential to improve crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Coleto
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Agustín J Marín-Peña
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - José Alberto Urbano-Gámez
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
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6
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Schiefloe M, Jakobsen ØM, Pannico A, Quadri C, Jost AIK. From urine to food and oxygen: effects of high and low NH 4+:NO 3- ratio on lettuce cultivated in a gas-tight hydroponic facility. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1229476. [PMID: 37588416 PMCID: PMC10425772 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1229476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
In situ production of food, water and oxygen is essential for long-duration human space missions. Higher plants represent a key element in Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSS), where crop cultivation can be based on water and nutrients recovered from waste and wastewater. Human urine exemplifies an important waste stream with potential to provide crops with nitrogen (N) and other nutrients. Dynamic waste composition and treatment processes may result in mineralized fractions with varying ammonium (NH4 +) to nitrate (NO3 -) ratios. In this study, lettuce was cultivated in the unique ESA MELiSSA Plant Characterization Unit, an advanced, gas-tight hydroponic research facility offering controlled environment and continuous monitoring of atmospheric gas composition. To evaluate biological and system effects of nutrient solution NH4 +:NO3 - ratio, two crop tests were run with different NH4 + to total N ratio (NH4 +:N) and elevated concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in line with a urine recycling scenario. Plants cultivated at 0.5 mol·mol-1 NH4 +:N (HiNH4 +) achieved 50% lower shoot biomass compared to those cultivated at 0.1 mol·mol-1 NH4 +:N (LoNH4 +), accompanied by higher shoot dry weight content and lower harvest index. Analyses of projected leaf area over time indicated that the reduced biomass observed at harvest could be attributed to a lower specific growth rate during the close-to-exponential growth phase. The HiNH4 + crop produced 40% less O2 over the full cultivation period. However, normalization of the results indicated a marginal increase in O2 production per time and per projected leaf area for the HiNH4 + crop during the exponential growth phase, in line with a higher shoot chlorophyll content. Mineral analysis demonstrated that the biomass content of NH4 + and NO3 - varied in line with the nutrient solution composition. The ratio of consumed NH4 + to consumed N was higher than the NH4 +:N ratio of the nutrient solution for both crop tests, resulting in decreasing NH4 +:N ratios in the nutrient solution over time. The results provide enhanced insight for design of waste processes and crop cultivation to optimize overall BLSS efficiency and hold valuable potential for improved resource utilization also in terrestrial food production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Schiefloe
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Mejdell Jakobsen
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Antonio Pannico
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | | | - Ann-Iren Kittang Jost
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Space (CIRiS), NTNU Social Research, Trondheim, Norway
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7
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Li C, Aluko OO, Shi S, Mo Z, Nong T, Shi C, Li Z, Wang Q, Liu H. Determination of optimal NH 4+/K + concentration and corresponding ratio critical for growth of tobacco seedlings in a hydroponic system. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1152817. [PMID: 37496856 PMCID: PMC10368480 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Inherently, ammonium (NH4 +) is critical for plant growth; however, its toxicity suppresses potassium (K+) uptake and vice-versa. Hence, attaining a nutritional balance between these two ions (NH4 + and K+) becomes imperative for the growth of tobacco seedlings. Therefore, we conducted a 15-day experimental study on tobacco seedlings exposed to different concentrations (47 treatments) of NH4 +/K+ at different corresponding 12 ratios simultaneously in a hydroponic system. Our study aimed at establishing the optimal NH4 +-K+ concentration and the corresponding ratio required for optimal growth of different tobacco plant organs during the seedling stage. The controls were the baseline for comparison in this study. Plants with low or excessive NH4 +-K+ concentration had leaf chlorosis or dark greenish colouration, stunted whole plant part biomass, and thin roots. We found that adequate K+ supply is a pragmatic way to mitigate NH4 +-induced toxicity in tobacco plants. The optimal growth for tobacco leaf and root was attained at NH4 +-K+ concentrations 2-2 mM (ratio 1:1), whereas stem growth was optimal at NH4 +-K+ 1-2 mM (1:2). The study provided an insight into the right combination of NH4 +/K+ that could mitigate or prevent NH4 + or K+ stress in the tobacco seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanzong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Sujuan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Technology Center, Shanghai Tobacco Company, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijie Mo
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Yichang City Company, Hubei Tobacco Company, Yichang, China
| | - Tongjia Nong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuhan Shi
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Yichang City Company, Hubei Tobacco Company, Yichang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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8
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Burian M, Podgórska A, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Kryzheuskaya K, Dziewit K, Wdowiak A, Laszczka M, Szal B. A prospective study of short-term apoplastic responses to ammonium treatment. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 286:154008. [PMID: 37245458 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The integration of external stimuli into plant cells has been extensively studied. Ammonium is a metabolic trigger because it affects plant nutrition status; on the contrary, it is also a stress factor inducing oxidative changes. Plants, upon quick reaction to the presence of ammonium, can avoid the development of toxicity symptoms, but their primary ammonium sensing mechanisms remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the different signaling routes available in the extracellular space in response to supplying ammonium to plants. During short-term (30 min-24 h) ammonium treatment of Arabidopsis seedlings, no indication of oxidative stress development or cell wall modifications was observed. However, specific changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox status were observed in the apoplast, consequently leading to the activation of several ROS (RBOH, NQR), redox (MPK, OXI), and cell-wall (WAK, FER, THE, HERK) related genes. Therefore, it is expected that immediately after ammonium supply, a defense signaling route is initiated in the extracellular space. To conclude, the presence of ammonium is primarily perceived as a typical immune reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Burian
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Podgórska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katsiaryna Kryzheuskaya
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kacper Dziewit
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Wdowiak
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Laszczka
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Szal
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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9
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Wang X, Luo Z, Hu Q, Tang W, Lu H, Ma C, Wang Z, Baltaevich AM, Kong X. Light induced shoot-sourced transcription factor HY5 regulates the nitrate uptake of cotton by shoot-to-root signal transport. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 200:107738. [PMID: 37209452 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Elongated hypocotyls 5 (HY5) is a transcription factor that can be induced by illumination and promotes nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis. However, whether GhHY5 regulates nitrate uptake in cotton is unknown. In this study, the cotton seedlings growing in light and dark conditions were treated with 15N-labeled nutrient solution to study whether the GhHY5 regulates nitrate uptake in cotton. The results showed that the 15N content and GhNRT1.1 expression in the light condition were higher than that in the dark condition, indicating that light induced the expression of GhNRT1.1 and subsequently promoted N uptake. Additionally, the expression of GhHY5 in the leaf and root of cotton was induced by light and the expression pattern of GhHY5 in the root was similar to that of GhNRT1.1. Furthermore, when the GhHY5 expression in the root was reduced, the 15N content and GhNRT1.1 expression were both decreased, indicating that the GhNRT1.1 expression was regulated by GhHY5. The root expression of GhHY5 was decreased in the grafted seedlings which the GhHY5 in the shoot was silenced by VIGS or the seedlings which the hypocotyl was girdled, but the expression of GhHY5 on one side root of the grafted cotton seedling was not changed if the GhHY5 was silenced on the other side root. Thus, we proposed that the light induced shoot-derived GhHY5 gene or GhHY5 protein may be transported from the xylem to the root, regulating the expression of GhHY5 and GhNRT1.1, and thus regulating N uptake at the root of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China; School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Hu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China; School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Wei Tang
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Hequan Lu
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Changle Ma
- School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | - Zenglan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China
| | | | - Xiangqiang Kong
- Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, PR China; School of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, PR China.
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10
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Aluko OO, Kant S, Adedire OM, Li C, Yuan G, Liu H, Wang Q. Unlocking the potentials of nitrate transporters at improving plant nitrogen use efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1074839. [PMID: 36895876 PMCID: PMC9989036 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1074839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate ( NO 3 - ) transporters have been identified as the primary targets involved in plant nitrogen (N) uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization, all of which are key determinants of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). However, less attention has been directed toward the influence of plant nutrients and environmental cues on the expression and activities of NO 3 - transporters. To better understand how these transporters function in improving plant NUE, this review critically examined the roles of NO 3 - transporters in N uptake, transport, and distribution processes. It also described their influence on crop productivity and NUE, especially when co-expressed with other transcription factors, and discussed these transporters' functional roles in helping plants cope with adverse environmental conditions. We equally established the possible impacts of NO 3 - transporters on the uptake and utilization efficiency of other plant nutrients while suggesting possible strategic approaches to improving NUE in plants. Understanding the specificity of these determinants is crucial to achieving better N utilization efficiency in crops within a given environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Surya Kant
- Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, Horsham, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Chuanzong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
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11
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Borysiuk K, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Kryzheuskaya K, Gardeström P, Szal B. Glyoxalase I activity affects Arabidopsis sensitivity to ammonium nutrition. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2393-2413. [PMID: 36242617 PMCID: PMC9700585 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Elevated methylglyoxal levels contribute to ammonium-induced growth disorders in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methylglyoxal detoxification pathway limitation, mainly the glyoxalase I activity, leads to enhanced sensitivity of plants to ammonium nutrition. Ammonium applied to plants as the exclusive source of nitrogen often triggers multiple phenotypic effects, with severe growth inhibition being the most prominent symptom. Glycolytic flux increase, leading to overproduction of its toxic by-product methylglyoxal (MG), is one of the major metabolic consequences of long-term ammonium nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MG metabolism on ammonium-dependent growth restriction in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. As the level of MG in plant cells is maintained by the glyoxalase (GLX) system, we analyzed MG-related metabolism in plants with a dysfunctional glyoxalase pathway. We report that MG detoxification, based on glutathione-dependent glyoxalases, is crucial for plants exposed to ammonium nutrition, and its essential role in ammonium sensitivity relays on glyoxalase I (GLXI) activity. Our results indicated that the accumulation of MG-derived advanced glycation end products significantly contributes to the incidence of ammonium toxicity symptoms. Using A. thaliana frostbite1 as a model plant that overcomes growth repression on ammonium, we have shown that its resistance to enhanced MG levels is based on increased GLXI activity and tolerance to elevated MG-derived advanced glycation end-product (MAGE) levels. Furthermore, our results show that glyoxalase pathway activity strongly affects cellular antioxidative systems. Under stress conditions, the disruption of the MG detoxification pathway limits the functioning of antioxidant defense. However, under optimal growth conditions, a defect in the MG detoxification route results in the activation of antioxidative systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Borysiuk
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katsiaryna Kryzheuskaya
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Per Gardeström
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bożena Szal
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Aluko OO, Li C, Yuan G, Nong T, Xiang H, Wang Q, Li X, Liu H. Differential Effects of Ammonium (NH 4+) and Potassium (K +) Nutrition on Photoassimilate Partitioning and Growth of Tobacco Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3295. [PMID: 36501338 PMCID: PMC9736971 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants utilize carbohydrates as the main energy source, but much focus has been on the impact of N and K on plant growth. Less is known about the combined impact of NH4+ and K+ nutrition on photoassimilate distribution among plant organs, and the resultant effect of such distribution on growth of tobacco seedlings, hence this study. Here, we investigated the synergetic effect of NH4+ and K+ nutrition on photoassimilate distribution, and their resultant effect on growth of tobacco seedlings. Soluble sugar and starch content peaks under moderate NH4+ and moderate K+ (2-2 mM), leading to improved plant growth, as evidenced by the increase in tobacco weight and root activity. Whereas, a drastic reduction in the above indicators was observed in plants under high NH4+ and low K+ (20-0.2 mM), due to low carbohydrate synthesis and poor photoassimilate distribution. A strong positive linear relationship also exists between carbohydrate (soluble sugar and starch) and the activities of these enzymes but not for invertase. Our findings demonstrated that NH4+ and K+-induced ion imbalance influences plant growth and is critical for photoassimilate distribution among organs of tobacco seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Chuanzong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Guang Yuan
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Tongjia Nong
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Science, Kunming 650106, China
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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13
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Xing J, Cao X, Zhang M, Wei X, Zhang J, Wan X. Plant nitrogen availability and crosstalk with phytohormones signallings and their biotechnology breeding application in crops. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [PMID: 36435985 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N), one of the most important nutrients, limits plant growth and crop yields in sustainable agriculture system, in which phytohormones are known to play essential roles in N availability. Hence, it is not surprising that massive studies about the crosstalk between N and phytohormones have been constantly emerging. In this review, with the intellectual landscape of N and phytohormones crosstalk provided by the bibliometric analysis, we trace the research story of best-known crosstalk between N and various phytohormones over the last 20 years. Then, we discuss how N regulates various phytohormones biosynthesis and transport in plants. In reverse, we also summarize how phytohormones signallings modulate root system architecture (RSA) in response to N availability. Besides, we expand to outline how phytohormones signallings regulate uptake, transport, and assimilation of N in plants. Further, we conclude advanced biotechnology strategies, explain their application, and provide potential phytohormones-regulated N use efficiency (NUE) targets in crops. Collectively, this review provides not only a better understanding on the recent progress of crosstalk between N and phytohormones, but also targeted strategies for improvement of NUE to increase crop yields in future biotechnology breeding of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Xing
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocong Cao
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing (USTB), Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Duarte-Aké F, Márquez-López RE, Monroy-González Z, Borbolla-Pérez V, Loyola-Vargas VM. The source, level, and balance of nitrogen during the somatic embryogenesis process drive cellular differentiation. PLANTA 2022; 256:113. [PMID: 36367589 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of somatic embryogenesis (SE), it has been evident that nitrogen (N) metabolism is essential during morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Usually, N is supplied to cultures in vitro in three forms, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), and amino N from amino acids (AAs). Although most plants prefer NO3- to NH4+, NH4+ is the primary form route to be assimilated. The balance of NO3- and NH4+ determines if the morphological differentiation process will produce embryos. That the N reduction of NO3- is needed for both embryo initiation and maturation is well-established in several models, such as carrot, tobacco, and rose. It is clear that N is indispensable for SE, but the mechanism that triggers the signal for embryo formation remains unknown. Here, we discuss recent studies that suggest an optimal endogenous concentration of auxin and cytokinin is closely related to N supply to plant tissue. From a molecular and biochemical perspective, we explain N's role in embryo formation, hypothesizing possible mechanisms that allow cellular differentiation by changing the nitrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Duarte-Aké
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Ruth E Márquez-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Oaxaca, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, C.P., 71230, Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Zurisadai Monroy-González
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Verónica Borbolla-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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15
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Zhang W, Wu X, Wang D, Wu D, Fu Y, Bian C, Jin L, Zhang Y. Leaf cytokinin accumulation promotes potato growth in mixed nitrogen supply by coordination of nitrogen and carbon metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 324:111416. [PMID: 35995109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The source and sink balance determines crop growth, which is largely modulated by nitrogen (N) supplies. The use of mixed ammonium and nitrate as N supply can improve plant growth, however mechanisms involving the coordination of carbon and N metabolism are not well understood. Here, we investigated potato plants responding to N forms and confirmed that, compared with sole nitrate supply, mixed N (75 %/25 % nitrate/ammonium) enhanced leaf area, photosynthetic activity and N metabolism and accordingly resulted in outgrowth of stolons and shoot axillary buds. Cytokinin transportation in xylem sap and local cytokinin synthesis in leaves were up-regulated in mixed-N-treated potato plants relative to sole nitrate provision; and exogenous application of 6-benzylaminopurine in addition to sole nitrate restored leaf area, photosynthetic capacity and N content in leaves to the similar as those under mixed-N treatment. Partial defoliation, an effective method to enhance the sink strength, induced more cytokinin content in leaflets under two treatments relative to their respective controls and ultimately resulted in larger photosynthesis capacity and leaf area. These results suggest that mixed-N-enhanced plant growth through the coordination of carbon and N metabolism largely depends on the signal molecule cytokinin modulated by N supplies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Daxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yihan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chunsong Bian
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liping Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Tuber and Root Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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16
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Poucet T, Beauvoit B, González‐Moro MB, Cabasson C, Pétriacq P, Flandin A, Gibon Y, Marino D, Dieuaide‐Noubhani M. Impaired cell growth under ammonium stress explained by modeling the energy cost of vacuole expansion in tomato leaves. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:1014-1028. [PMID: 36198049 PMCID: PMC9828129 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4 + )-based fertilization efficiently mitigates the adverse effects of nitrogen fertilization on the environment. However, high concentrations of soil NH4 + provoke growth inhibition, partly caused by the reduction of cell enlargement and associated with modifications of cell composition, such as an increase of sugars and a decrease in organic acids. Cell expansion depends largely on the osmotic-driven enlargement of the vacuole. However, the involvement of subcellular compartmentation in the adaptation of plants to ammonium nutrition has received little attention, until now. To investigate this, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants were cultivated under nitrate and ammonium nutrition and the fourth leaf was harvested at seven developmental stages. The vacuolar expansion was monitored and metabolites and inorganic ion contents, together with intracellular pH, were determined. A data-constrained model was constructed to estimate subcellular concentrations of major metabolites and ions. It was first validated at the three latter developmental stages by comparison with subcellular concentrations obtained experimentally using non-aqueous fractionation. Then, the model was used to estimate the subcellular concentrations at the seven developmental stages and the net vacuolar uptake of solutes along the developmental series. Our results showed ammonium nutrition provokes an acidification of the vacuole and a reduction in the flux of solutes into the vacuoles. Overall, analysis of the subcellular compartmentation reveals a mechanism behind leaf growth inhibition under ammonium stress linked to the higher energy cost of vacuole expansion, as a result of alterations in pH, the inhibition of glycolysis routes and the depletion of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Poucet
- Department of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)E‐48940LeioaSpain
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | | | - Cécile Cabasson
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUBPHENOME‐EMPHASISVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUBPHENOME‐EMPHASISVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Amélie Flandin
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUBPHENOME‐EMPHASISVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et PathologieVillenave d'Ornon33140France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUBPHENOME‐EMPHASISVillenave d'Ornon33140France
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)E‐48940LeioaSpain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for ScienceE‐48011BilbaoSpain
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17
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You Q, Dong N, Yang H, Feng F, Xu Y, Wang C, Yang Y, Ma X, Bai L. The Arabidopsis Receptor-like Kinase CAP1 Promotes Shoot Growth under Ammonium Stress. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101452. [PMID: 36290356 PMCID: PMC9598605 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High levels of ammonium (NH4+) in soils inhibit plant growth and nitrogen utilization efficiency. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of NH4+ toxicity is essential for alleviating the growth inhibition caused by high NH4+. Our previous work showed that [Ca2+]cyt-associated protein kinase 1 (CAP1) regulates root hair growth in response to NH4+ in Arabidopsis thaliana, and the cap1-1 mutant produces short root hairs under NH4+ stress conditions. However, it is unclear whether CAP1 functions in other physiological processes in response to NH4+. In the present study, we found that CAP1 also plays a role in attenuating NH4+ toxicity to promote shoot growth. The cap1-1 mutant produced smaller shoots with smaller epidermal cells compared with the wild type in response to NH4+ stress. Disruption of CAP1 enhanced the NH4+-mediated inhibition of the expression of cell enlargement-related genes. The cap1-1 mutant showed elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels under NH4+ stress, as well as increased expression of respiratory burst oxidase homologue genes and decreased expression of catalase genes compared with the wild type. Our data reveal that CAP1 attenuates NH4+-induced shoot growth inhibition by promoting cell wall extensibility and ROS homeostasis, thereby highlighting the role of CAP1 in the NH4+ signal transduction pathway.
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18
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Rivero-Marcos M, Ariz I. Can N Nutrition Lead to "Plant Diabetes"? The Perspective From Ammonium Nutrition and Methylglyoxal Accumulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:928876. [PMID: 35712552 PMCID: PMC9194766 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.928876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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19
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Al-Zahrani HS, Alharby HF, Fahad S. Antioxidative Defense System, Hormones, and Metabolite Accumulation in Different Plant Parts of Two Contrasting Rice Cultivars as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators Under Heat Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:911846. [PMID: 35712584 PMCID: PMC9196032 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.911846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We examined the metabolic, hormonal, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic responses of various plant components (leaf, root, and xylem sap) to plant growth regulators [methyl jasmonate (MeJA), ascorbic acid (Vc), brassinosteroids (Br), triazoles (Tr), alpha-tocopherol (Ve), and control] under heat stress [ambient temperature (AT), heat stress at night time (HNT), and heat stress at day (HDT)] in heat-sensitive (IR-64) and heat-tolerant (Huanghuazhan) rice cultivars under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that heat stress altered the antioxidant activities and hormonal balance and rigorously reduced total soluble sugars, proteins, and proline, whereas increases were observed in H2O2 and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content accumulation in the plant xylem sap and leaves of both tested cultivars; however, the impact was more pronounced in IR-64. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione (GSH), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR) activities were higher in Huanghuazhan than in IR-64 in response to temperature stress, when compared to AT. Additionally, heat stress increased abscisic acid (ABA) levels in both rice cultivars, especially in IR-64. The highest concentrations of hormones were recorded in the roots, followed by the leaves and xylem sap, in both cultivars. HDT and HNT stresses severely reduced the concentrations of all of the cytokinin types (except for iP9G and tZ9G) and IAA in the different plant parts of rice cultivars. Moreover, HNT was more detrimental for hormone and metabolite synthesis in both cultivars. The growth regulators (especially Vc + Br + Ve + MeJA) were comparatively more effective in minimizing the hostile impact of heat stress on most of the studied traits and should be applied to obtain the optimum yield of rice in subtropical and tropical areas under changing climatic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S. Al-Zahrani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham F. Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
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20
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Kumar A, Kumar S, Venkatesh K, Singh NK, Mandal PK, Sinha SK. Physio-molecular traits of contrasting bread wheat genotypes associated with 15N influx exhibiting homeolog expression bias in nitrate transporter genes under different external nitrate concentrations. PLANTA 2022; 255:104. [PMID: 35416522 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The high affinity nitrate transport system is a potential target for improving nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat growing either under optimal or limiting nitrate concentration. Nitrate uptake is one of the most important traits to take into account to improve nitrogen use efficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In this study, we aimed to gain an insight into the regulation of NO3- -uptake and translocation systems in two contrasting wheat genotypes [K9107(K9) vs. Choti Lerma (CL)]. Different conditions, such as NO3--uptake rates, soil-types, N-free solid external media, and external NO3- levels at the seedling stage, were considered. We also studied the contribution of homeolog expression of five genes encoding two nitrate transporters in the root tissue, along with their overall transcript expression levels relative to specific external nitrate availability. We observed that K9107 had a higher 15N influx than Choti Lerma under both limiting as well as optimum external N conditions in vermiculite-perlite (i.e., N-free solid) medium, with the improved translocation efficiency in Choti Lerma. However, in different soil types, different levels of 15N-enrichment in both the genotypes were found. Our results also demonstrated that the partitioning of dry matter in root and shoot was different under these growing conditions. Moreover, K9107 showed significantly higher relative expression of TaNRT2.1 at the lowest and TaNPF6.1 and TaNPF6.2 at the highest external nitrate concentrations. We also observed genotype-specific and nitrate starvation-dependent homeolog expression bias in all five nitrate transporter genes. Our data suggest that K9107 had a higher NO3- influx capacity, involving different nitrate transporters, than Choti Lerma at the seedling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amresh Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sarvendra Kumar
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Karnam Venkatesh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Nagendra Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mandal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Subodh Kumar Sinha
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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21
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Buoso S, Tomasi N, Arkoun M, Maillard A, Jing L, Marroni F, Pluchon S, Pinton R, Zanin L. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of Zea mays fed with urea and ammonium. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:935-953. [PMID: 34245168 PMCID: PMC8597056 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous presence of different N-forms in the rhizosphere leads to beneficial effects on nitrogen (N) nutrition in plants. Although widely used as fertilizers, the occurrence of cross connection between urea and ammonium nutrition has been scarcely studied in plants. Maize fed with a mixture of urea and ammonium displayed a better N-uptake efficiency than ammonium- or urea-fed plants (Buoso et al., Plant Physiol Biochem, 2021a; 162: 613-623). Through multiomic approaches, we provide the molecular characterization of maize response to urea and ammonium nutrition. Several transporters and enzymes involved in N-nutrition were upregulated by all three N-treatments (urea, ammonium, or urea and ammonium). Already after 1 day of treatment, the availability of different N-forms induced specific transcriptomic and metabolomic responses. The combination of urea and ammonium induced a prompt assimilation of N, characterized by high levels of some amino acids in shoots. Moreover, ZmAMT1.1a, ZmGLN1;2, ZmGLN1;5, ZmGOT1, and ZmGOT3, as well transcripts involved in glycolysis-TCA cycle were induced in roots by urea and ammonium mixture. Depending on N-form, even changes in the composition of phytohormones were observed in maize. This study paves the way to formulate guidelines for the optimization of N fertilization to improve N-use efficiency in maize and therefore limit N-losses in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdine
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdine
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agroinnovation International—TIMAC AGROSaint‐MaloFrance
| | - Anne Maillard
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agroinnovation International—TIMAC AGROSaint‐MaloFrance
| | - Lun Jing
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agroinnovation International—TIMAC AGROSaint‐MaloFrance
| | - Fabio Marroni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdine
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agroinnovation International—TIMAC AGROSaint‐MaloFrance
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdine
| | - Laura Zanin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental, and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdine
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22
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Sathee L, Jha SK, Rajput OS, Singh D, Kumar S, Kumar A. Expression dynamics of genes encoding nitrate and ammonium assimilation enzymes in rice genotypes exposed to reproductive stage salinity stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:161-172. [PMID: 34044225 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the reproductive stage salinity stress tolerance is a key target for breeding stress tolerant rice genotypes. Nitrate and ammonium are equally important nitrogen forms utilized by rice. We evaluated nitrate and ammonium assimilation during reproductive stage in control and salinity (10dSm-1 using NaCl) stressed rice plants. Osmotic stress tolerant rice genotype Shabhagidhan (SD) and high yielding yet osmotic and salinity stress sensitive genotype Pusa sugandh-5 (PS5) were evaluated. Salinity stress was given to plants during panicle emergence and flag leaves was collected after 1d, 3d 5d, 7d, 9d,12d and 15d after anthesis. Reproductive stage salinity stress resulted in decrease of membrane stability, relative water content and osmotic potential of rice plants. Reproductive stage salinity stress decreased the expression of nitrate reductase (OsNIA), nitrite reductase (OsNiR), Glutamine synthetase (OsGLN1.1, OsGLN1.2, OsGLN2) and glutamate synthase/GOGAT (OsFd-GOGAT, OsNADH-GOGAT) in flag leaves. In response to stress, SD showed better stress tolerance than PS5 in terms of higher yield stability. Variety SD showed higher leaf nitrate and ammonium content and maintained comparatively higher nitrate and ammonia metabolism enzyme activity than PS5. Salinity stress upregulated the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme and indirectly contributed to the higher proline content and maintenance of favourable osmotic potential in SD. Expression of GS2 which has role in photo respiratory ammonia assimilation was upregulated by salinity stress in PS5 in comparison to SD. Rice genotype showing better induction of nitrogen assimilatory genes will be more tolerant to reproductive stage salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
| | - Shailendra K Jha
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ompal Singh Rajput
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Dalveer Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Division of Crop Research, ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- National Phytotron Facility, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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23
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Zhong C, Jian SF, Chen DL, Huang XJ, Miao JH. Organic nitrogen sources promote andrographolide biosynthesis by reducing nitrogen metabolism and increasing carbon accumulation in Andrographis paniculata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:82-91. [PMID: 33975147 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) form affects secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, but the physiological and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. To fully understand the response of andrographolide biosynthesis to different N forms in Andrographis paniculata, the plants were fed with nutritional solution containing sole N source of nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), urea or glycine (Gly), and the growth, carbon (C) and N metabolisms and andrographolide biosynthesis were analyzed. We found that plants grown in urea and Gly performed greater photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic N use efficiency (PNUE) than those grown in NO3- and NH4+. Organic N sources reduced the activities of enzymes involving in C and N metabolisms such as glutamine synthase (GS), glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and NADH-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH), invertase (INV), isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) and glycolate oxidase (GO), resulting in reduced depletion of carbohydrates and increased starch accumulation. However, they enhanced andrographolide content by up-regulating the key genes in its biosynthetic pathway including HMGR, DXS, GGPS and ApCPS. Besides, NH4+ decreased leaf SPAD value, contents of soluble protein and amino acids and GO activity, but increased photosynthetic rate and contents of soluble sugar and starch in comparison to NO3-. Andrographolide biosynthesis was also up-regulated. The results revealed that increasing accumulation of carbohydrates, especially starch, was beneficial to the biosynthesis of andrographolide; organic N sources decreased carbohydrate depletion by reducing N metabolism, and promoted plant growth and andrographolide biosynthesis synergistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Zhong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China.
| | - Shao-Fen Jian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Dong-Liang Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
| | - Xue-Jing Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jian-Hua Miao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resource Protection and Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China; Guangxi Engineering Research Centre of TCM Intelligent Creation, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, China
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24
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Aluko OO, Li C, Wang Q, Liu H. Sucrose Utilization for Improved Crop Yields: A Review Article. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4704. [PMID: 33946791 PMCID: PMC8124652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic carbon converted to sucrose is vital for plant growth. Sucrose acts as a signaling molecule and a primary energy source that coordinates the source and sink development. Alteration in source-sink balance halts the physiological and developmental processes of plants, since plant growth is mostly triggered when the primary assimilates in the source leaf balance with the metabolic needs of the heterotrophic sinks. To measure up with the sink organ's metabolic needs, the improvement of photosynthetic carbon to synthesis sucrose, its remobilization, and utilization at the sink level becomes imperative. However, environmental cues that influence sucrose balance within these plant organs, limiting positive yield prospects, have also been a rising issue over the past few decades. Thus, this review discusses strategies to improve photosynthetic carbon assimilation, the pathways actively involved in the transport of sucrose from source to sink organs, and their utilization at the sink organ. We further emphasize the impact of various environmental cues on sucrose transport and utilization, and the strategic yield improvement approaches under such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseun Olayemi Aluko
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.O.A.); (C.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chuanzong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.O.A.); (C.L.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.O.A.); (C.L.)
| | - Haobao Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (O.O.A.); (C.L.)
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25
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Poucet T, González-Moro MB, Cabasson C, Beauvoit B, Gibon Y, Dieuaide-Noubhani M, Marino D. Ammonium supply induces differential metabolic adaptive responses in tomato according to leaf phenological stage. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:3185-3199. [PMID: 33578414 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are the main inorganic nitrogen sources available to plants. However, exclusive ammonium nutrition may lead to stress characterized by growth inhibition, generally associated with a profound metabolic reprogramming. In this work, we investigated how metabolism adapts according to leaf position in the vertical axis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. M82) plants grown with NH4+, NO3-, or NH4NO3 supply. We dissected leaf biomass composition and metabolism through an integrative analysis of metabolites, ions, and enzyme activities. Under ammonium nutrition, carbon and nitrogen metabolism were more perturbed in mature leaves than in young ones, overall suggesting a trade-off between NH4+ accumulation and assimilation to preserve young leaves from ammonium stress. Moreover, NH4+-fed plants exhibited changes in carbon partitioning, accumulating sugars and starch at the expense of organic acids, compared with plants supplied with NO3-. We explain such reallocation by the action of the biochemical pH-stat as a mechanism to compensate the differential proton production that depends on the nitrogen source provided. This work also underlines that the regulation of leaf primary metabolism is dependent on both leaf phenological stage and the nitrogen source provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Poucet
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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26
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Paponov M, Arakelyan A, Dobrev PI, Verheul MJ, Paponov IA. Nitrogen Deficiency and Synergism between Continuous Light and Root Ammonium Supply Modulate Distinct but Overlapping Patterns of Phytohormone Composition in Xylem Sap of Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:573. [PMID: 33803638 PMCID: PMC8003008 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Continuous light (CL) or a predominant nitrogen supply as ammonium (NH4+) can induce leaf chlorosis and inhibit plant growth. The similarity in injuries caused by CL and NH4+ suggests involvement of overlapping mechanisms in plant responses to these conditions; however, these mechanisms are poorly understood. We addressed this topic by conducting full factorial experiments with tomato plants to investigate the effects of NO3- or NH4+ supply under diurnal light (DL) or CL. We used plants at ages of 26 and 15 days after sowing to initiate the treatments, and we modulated the intensity of the stress induced by CL and an exclusive NH4+ supply from mild to strong. Under DL, we also studied the effect of nitrogen (N) deficiency and mixed application of NO3- and NH4+. Under strong stress, CL and exclusive NH4+ supply synergistically inhibited plant growth and reduced chlorophyll content. Under mild stress, when no synergetic effect between CL and NH4+ was apparent on plant growth and chlorophyll content, we found a synergetic effect of CL and NH4+ on the accumulation of several plant stress hormones, with an especially strong effect for jasmonic acid (JA) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), the immediate precursor of ethylene, in xylem sap. This modulation of the hormonal composition suggests a potential role for these plant hormones in plant growth responses to the combined application of CL and NH4+. No synergetic effect was observed between CL and NH4+ for the accumulation of soluble carbohydrates or of mineral ions, indicating that these plant traits are less sensitive than the modulation of hormonal composition in xylem sap to the combined CL and NH4+ application. Under diurnal light, NH4+ did not affect the hormonal composition of xylem sap; however, N deficiency strongly increased the concentrations of phaseic acid (PA), JA, and salicylic acid (SA), indicating that decreased N concentration rather than the presence of NO3- or NH4+ in the nutrient solution drives the hormone composition of the xylem sap. In conclusion, N deficiency or a combined application of CL and NH4+ induced the accumulation of JA in xylem sap. This accumulation, in combination with other plant hormones, defines the specific plant response to stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Paponov
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Food Production and Society, P.O. Box 115, NO 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.P.); (M.J.V.)
| | - Aleksandr Arakelyan
- Department of Agronomy, Armenian National Agrarian University, Yerevan 0009, Armenia;
| | - Petre I. Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojova 263, 16502 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Michel J. Verheul
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Food Production and Society, P.O. Box 115, NO 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.P.); (M.J.V.)
| | - Ivan A. Paponov
- NIBIO, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO), Division of Food Production and Society, P.O. Box 115, NO 1431 Ås, Norway; (M.P.); (M.J.V.)
- Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
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27
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Ghiasi S, Lehmann MM, Badeck FW, Ghashghaie J, Hänsch R, Meinen R, Streb S, Hüdig M, Ruckle ME, Carrera DÁ, Siegwolf RTW, Buchmann N, Werner RA. Nitrate and ammonium differ in their impact on δ 13C of plant metabolites and respired CO 2 from tobacco leaves. ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES 2021; 57:11-34. [PMID: 32885670 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2020.1810683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The carbon isotopic composition (δ13C) of foliage is often used as proxy for plant performance. However, the effect of N O 3 - vs. N H 4 + supply on δ13C of leaf metabolites and respired CO2 is largely unknown. We supplied tobacco plants with a gradient of N O 3 - to N H 4 + concentration ratios and determined gas exchange variables, concentrations and δ13C of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates, δ13C of dark-respired CO2, and activities of key enzymes nitrate reductase, malic enzyme and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase. Net assimilation rate, dry biomass and concentrations of organic acids and starch decreased along the gradient. In contrast, respiration rates, concentrations of intercellular CO2, soluble sugars and amino acids increased. As N O 3 - decreased, activities of all measured enzymes decreased. δ13C of CO2 and organic acids closely co-varied and were more positive under N O 3 - supply, suggesting organic acids as potential substrates for respiration. Together with estimates of intra-molecular 13C enrichment in malate, we conclude that a change in the anaplerotic reaction of the TCA cycle possibly contributes to 13C enrichment in organic acids and respired CO2 under N O 3 - supply. Thus, the effect of N O 3 - vs. N H 4 + on δ13C is highly relevant, particularly if δ13C of leaf metabolites or respiration is used as proxy for plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Ghiasi
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco M Lehmann
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Franz-W Badeck
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CREA-GB), Fiorenzuola d´Arda, Italy
| | - Jaleh Ghashghaie
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systématique Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Robert Hänsch
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- Center of Molecular Ecophysiology (CMEP), College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rieke Meinen
- Institute of Plant Biology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Meike Hüdig
- Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael E Ruckle
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dániel Á Carrera
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rolf T W Siegwolf
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Nina Buchmann
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roland A Werner
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Adavi SB, Sathee L. Elevated CO 2 alters tissue balance of nitrogen metabolism and downregulates nitrogen assimilation and signalling gene expression in wheat seedlings receiving high nitrate supply. PROTOPLASMA 2021; 258:219-233. [PMID: 33047233 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tissue and canopy-level evidence suggests that elevated carbon dioxide (EC) inhibits shoot nitrate assimilation in plants and thereby affects nitrogen (N) and protein content of the economic produce. It is speculated that species or genotypes relying more on root nitrate assimilation can adapt better under EC due to the improved/steady supply of reductants required for nitrate assimilation. A study was conducted to examine the effect of EC on N assimilation and associated gene expression in wheat seedlings. Wheat genotypes, BT-Schomburgk (BTS) with comparatively high leaf nitrate reductase (NR) activity and Gluyas Early (GE) with high root NR activity were grown in hydroponic culture for 30 days with two different nitrate levels (0.05 mM and 5 mM) in the climate controlled growth chambers maintained at either ambient (400 ± 10 μmol mol-1) or EC (700 ± 10 μmol mol-1) conditions. Exposure to EC downregulated the activity of enzyme NR and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) in leaf tissues, whereas in roots, activities of both the enzymes were upregulated by exposure to EC. In addition, EC downregulated N assimilation and signalling gene expression under high N availability. Root N assimilation was less affected in comparison with shoot N assimilation; thereby, the proportion of root contribution towards total assimilation was higher. The results suggest that EC could alter and re-programme N assimilation and signalling in wheat seedlings. The genotype and tissue-specific effects of EC on N assimilation also warrants the need for identification of suitable genotypes and revision of fertiliser regime for tapping the beneficial effects of EC conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep B Adavi
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lekshmy Sathee
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India.
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29
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Bauer B, von Wirén N. Modulating tiller formation in cereal crops by the signalling function of fertilizer nitrogen forms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20504. [PMID: 33239682 PMCID: PMC7689482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77467-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereal crop yield comprises interrelated components, among which the number of tillers is highly responsive to nitrogen fertilization. We addressed the hypothesis of whether the supply of different nitrogen forms can be employed to manipulate the tiller number in cereal crops. Relative to urea or ammonium, exclusive supply of nitrate increased tiller number in hydroponically-grown barley plants. Thereby, tiller number correlated positively with the root-to-shoot translocation rate of endogenous cytokinins. External supply of a synthetic cytokinin analog further stimulated tillering in nitrate-containing but not in urea-containing nutrient solution. When the cytokinin analog 6-benzylaminopurine riboside was externally supplied to roots, its translocation to shoots was 2.5 times higher in presence of nitrate than in presence of urea or ammonium, suggesting that cytokinin loading into the xylem is affected by different nitrogen forms. We then translated this finding to field scale, cultivated winter wheat in four environments, and confirmed that nitrate fertilization significantly increased tiller number in a dose-dependent manner. As assessed in 22 winter wheat cultivars, nitrogen form-dependent tiller formation was subject to substantial genotypic variation. We conclude that cytokinin-mediated signaling effects of fertilizer nitrogen forms can be employed as a management tool to regulate the tiller number in cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Bauer
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany.,Crop Production and Crop Protection, Institute of Biomass Research, University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf, Markgrafenstrasse 16, 91746, Weidenbach, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz-Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466, Gatersleben, Germany.
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30
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Yin H, Li B, Wang X, Xi Z. Effect of ammonium and nitrate supplies on nitrogen and sucrose metabolism of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera cv.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:5239-5250. [PMID: 32520394 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The quality of wine is highly dependent on the quality of berries. Development of berries is influenced by the type and ratio of different nitrogen supplies in the soil. To understand the impact of varying sources and levels of nitrate and ammonium on sucrose and nitrogen metabolism of Vitis vinifera cv. Cabernet Sauvignon, we tested nutrient solutions with four NO3 - -N:NH4 + -N ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 0:100) through the root system. RESULTS The form and quantity of nitrogen affected berries and leaves with source-sink relationships. Soluble sugar levels were significantly higher in plants treated with mixed nitrogen sources (75:25 and 50:50) compared to single nitrogen sources (100:0 and 0:100). In particular, treating plants with mixed nitrogen source at a 75:25 ratio resulted in 22% higher fructose levels in berries compared to the 50:50 treatment. In addition, mixed nitrogen treatments resulted in significantly higher amino acid levels and protein content. Mixed nitrogen substrates also increased the expression of enzymes involved in both nitrogen and sucrose metabolism. CONCLUSION Plants did not maximize the nitrogen supply when single form nitrogen was provided, and the mixed nitrogen substrates consistently increased the amount of available carbon and nitrogen in the berries and leaves. We found that NO3 - -N:NH4 + -N ratio of 75:25 was the optimum formula for improving nitrogen and sucrose metabolism, and reducing the competition between nitrogen and sucrose. By examining the nutrient utilization of plants cultivated with different nitrogen forms, the present study provides insights into improving cultivation and production practices. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Yin
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bing Li
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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31
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Xun Z, Guo X, Li Y, Wen X, Wang C, Wang Y. Quantitative proteomics analysis of tomato growth inhibition by ammonium nitrogen. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:129-141. [PMID: 32559517 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As a single nitrogen source, ammonium (NH4+) can inhibit the growth of plants, especially when applied in excess. Tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics technology was employed in the current study to explore and analyze the mechanisms of ammonium-induced inhibition. F1 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) was used in this study. Seedlings at the four leaf-stages grown in a greenhouse were irrigated using nutrient solution with NH4+-N as single nitrogen source (15 mmol L-1, single NO3--N as control) for 5 weeks. Compared to the control, the root biomass of NH4+-N-treated seedlings decreased by 50%. In addition, NH4+ content in roots was 2.83-fold increased and soluble sugar and protein contents were increased. However, the starch content did not change significantly. The activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), which are involved in ammonium assimilation, were increased, and glutamine (Gln) content was also increased. However, glutamate (Glu) content, which is important for amino transfer, did not significantly increase. Ammonium assimilation was inhibited. Root quantitative proteomics showed that carbonic anhydrase Q5NE21 was significantly downregulated. Although K4BPV5 and K4D9J3 proteins, which improve ammonium assimilation, were upregulated, ammonium assimilation was limited. In addition, NH4+ accumulated, which is likely due to Q5NE21 downregulation. Meanwhile, cell wall metabolism related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was altered due to the accumulation of NH4+ levels. Subsequently, tomato root growth was inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Xun
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangzhen Wen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqi Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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Recent Development and Challenges in Spectroscopy and Machine Vision Technologies for Crop Nitrogen Diagnosis: A Review. REMOTE SENSING 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rs12162578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent development of non-destructive optical techniques, such as spectroscopy and machine vision technologies, have laid a good foundation for real-time monitoring and precise management of crop N status. However, their advantages and disadvantages have not been systematically summarized and evaluated. Here, we reviewed the state-of-the-art of non-destructive optical methods for monitoring the N status of crops, and summarized their advantages and disadvantages. We mainly focused on the contribution of spectral and machine vision technology to the accurate diagnosis of crop N status from three aspects: system selection, data processing, and estimation methods. Finally, we discussed the opportunities and challenges of the application of these technologies, followed by recommendations for future work to address the challenges.
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Nitrogen Forms Alter Triterpenoid Accumulation and Related Gene Expression in Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinsk. Seedlings. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cyclocarya paliurus (Batalin) Iljinsk. is a multiple function tree species distributed in subtropical areas, and its leaves have been used in medicine and nutraceutical foods in China. However, little information on the effects of nitrogen (N) forms and ratios on growth and secondary metabolite accumulation is available for C. paliurus. The impact of five NO3−/NH4+ ratios on biomass production, triterpenoid accumulation and related gene expression in C. paliurus seedlings was evaluated at the middle N nutrition supply. Significant differences in seedling growth, triterpenoid accumulation and relative gene expression were observed among the different NO3−/NH4+ ratio treatments. The highest triterpenoid content was achieved in a sole NO3− or NH4+ nutrition, while the mixed N nutrition with equal ratio of NO3− to NH4+ produced the highest biomass production in the seedlings. However, the highest triterpenoid accumulation was achieved at the treatment with the ratio of NO3−/NH4+ = 2.33. Therefore, the mixed N nutrition of NO3− and NH4+ was beneficial to the triterpenoid accumulation per plant. The relative expression of seven genes that are involved in triterpenoid biosynthesis were all up-regulated under the sole NH4+ or NO3− nutrition conditions, and significantly positive correlations between triterpenoid content and relative gene expression of key enzymes were detected in the leaves. Our results indicated that NO3− is the N nutrition preferred by C. paliurus, but the mixture of NO3− and NH4+ at an appropriate ratio would improve the leaf triterpenoid yield per area.
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Xu N, Yu B, Chen R, Li S, Zhang G, Huang J. OsNAR2.2 plays a vital role in the root growth and development by promoting nitrate uptake and signaling in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:159-169. [PMID: 32070909 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants in soil faces great fluctuations of external mineral nutrient availability, and they have developed sophisticated nutrient sensing systems to regulate their physiological responses to prevent nutrient deficiency. However, complete knowledge of the regulatory system is required to maximize inorganic nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization. In this study, we report a partner protein for high-affinity nitrate transport, OsNAR2.2. OsNAR2.2 was involved in the root growth in a nitrate-dependent manner in rice, and this process was closely associated with auxin. Expression analysis showed that OsNAR2.2 responded to nitrate and various plant hormone signals. Knockdown of OsNAR2.2 by T-DNA insertion not only significantly repressed the primary root elongation, but also severely reduced the number of lateral root and adventitious root. Further research indicated that the size of meristematic zone and epidermal cell length of mature zone in the primary root tip were remarkably reduced, and the formation of lateral root primordial was constrained in osnar2.2 mutant. Interestingly, the repression of root growth in osnar2.2 mutant was observed when NO3- but not NH4+ was used as N source in the medium. The NO3- content in osnar2.2 root was significantly reduced under NO3- conditions, in comparison with that of wild type. Meanwhile, the free IAA accumulation as well as the expression of auxin biosynthesis and transport genes was altered in osnar2.2 root, suggesting there might be a crosslink between the nitrate and auxin signaling. Together, OsNAR2.2 plays a vital role in rice root growth and development in a nitrate-dependent manner, which might be associated with auxin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Shuaiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Guochao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China
| | - Junli Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
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Sun X, Chen F, Yuan L, Mi G. The physiological mechanism underlying root elongation in response to nitrogen deficiency in crop plants. PLANTA 2020; 251:84. [PMID: 32189077 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In response to low nitrogen stress, multiple hormones together with nitric oxide signaling pathways work synergistically and antagonistically in crop root elongation. Changing root morphology allows plants to adapt to soil nutrient availability. Nitrogen is the most important essential nutrient for plant growth. An important adaptive strategy for crops responding to nitrogen deficiency is root elongation, thereby accessing increased soil space and nitrogen resources. Multiple signaling pathways are involved in this regulatory network, working together to fine-tune root elongation in response to soil nitrogen availability. Based on existing research, we propose a model to explain how different signaling pathways interact to regulate root elongation in response to low nitrogen stress. In response to a low shoot nitrogen status signal, auxin transport from the shoot to the root increases. High auxin levels in the root tip stimulate the production of nitric oxide, which promotes the synthesis of strigolactones to accelerate cell division. In this process, cytokinin, ethylene, and abscisic acid play an antagonistic role, while brassinosteroids and auxin play a synergistic role in regulating root elongation. Further study is required to identify the QTLs, genes, and favorable alleles which control the root elongation response to low nitrogen stress in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xichao Sun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fanjun Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guohua Mi
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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36
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Naulin PA, Armijo GI, Vega AS, Tamayo KP, Gras DE, de la Cruz J, Gutiérrez RA. Nitrate Induction of Primary Root Growth Requires Cytokinin Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:342-352. [PMID: 31730198 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate can act as a potent signal to control growth and development in plants. In this study, we show that nitrate is able to stimulate primary root growth via increased meristem activity and cytokinin signaling. Cytokinin perception and biosynthesis mutants displayed shorter roots as compared with wild-type plants when grown with nitrate as the only nitrogen source. Histological analysis of the root tip revealed decreased cell division and elongation in the cytokinin receptor double mutant ahk2/ahk4 as compared with wild-type plants under a sufficient nitrate regime. Interestingly, a nitrate-dependent root growth arrest was observed between days 5 and 6 after sowing. Wild-type plants were able to recover from this growth arrest, while cytokinin signaling or biosynthesis mutants were not. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant changes in gene expression after, but not before, this transition in contrasting genotypes and nitrate regimes. We identified genes involved in both cell division and elongation as potentially important for primary root growth in response to nitrate. Our results provide evidence linking nitrate and cytokinin signaling for the control of primary root growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Naulin
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Grace I Armijo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Andrea S Vega
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Karem P Tamayo
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Diana E Gras
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Javiera de la Cruz
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation, Millennium Institute for Integrative Biology (iBio), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, Chile
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37
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Iqbal A, Qiang D, Alamzeb M, Xiangru W, Huiping G, Hengheng Z, Nianchang P, Xiling Z, Meizhen S. Untangling the molecular mechanisms and functions of nitrate to improve nitrogen use efficiency. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:904-914. [PMID: 31612486 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
A huge amount of nitrogenous fertilizer is used to increase crop production. This leads to an increase in the cost of production, and to human and environmental problems. It is therefore necessary to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to design agronomic, biotechnological and breeding strategies for better fertilizer use. Nitrogen use efficiency relies primarily on how plants extract, uptake, transport, assimilate, and remobilize nitrogen. Many plants use nitrate as a preferred nitrogen source. It acts as a signaling molecule in the various important physiological processes required for growth and development. As nitrate is the main source of nitrogen in the soil, root nitrate transporters are important subjects for study. The latest reports have also discussed how nitrate transporter and assimilation genes can be used as molecular tools to improve NUE in crops. The purpose of this review is to describe the mechanisms and functions of nitrate as a specific factor that can be addressed to increase NUE. Improving factors such as nitrate uptake, transport, assimilation, and remobilization through activation by signaling, sensing, and regulatory processes will improve plant growth and NUE. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Dong Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Madeeha Alamzeb
- Standardization of cotton planting technology, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Wang Xiangru
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Gui Huiping
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhang Hengheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Pang Nianchang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zhang Xiling
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Song Meizhen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, 455000, China
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Selvaraj MG, Montoya-P ME, Atanbori J, French AP, Pridmore T. A low-cost aeroponic phenotyping system for storage root development: unravelling the below-ground secrets of cassava ( Manihot esculenta). PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:131. [PMID: 31728153 PMCID: PMC6842211 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0517-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root and tuber crops are becoming more important for their high source of carbohydrates, next to cereals. Despite their commercial impact, there are significant knowledge gaps about the environmental and inherent regulation of storage root (SR) differentiation, due in part to the innate problems of studying storage roots and the lack of a suitable model system for monitoring storage root growth. The research presented here aimed to develop a reliable, low-cost effective system that enables the study of the factors influencing cassava storage root initiation and development. RESULTS We explored simple, low-cost systems for the study of storage root biology. An aeroponics system described here is ideal for real-time monitoring of storage root development (SRD), and this was further validated using hormone studies. Our aeroponics-based auxin studies revealed that storage root initiation and development are adaptive responses, which are significantly enhanced by the exogenous auxin supply. Field and histological experiments were also conducted to confirm the auxin effect found in the aeroponics system. We also developed a simple digital imaging platform to quantify storage root growth and development traits. Correlation analysis confirmed that image-based estimation can be a surrogate for manual root phenotyping for several key traits. CONCLUSIONS The aeroponic system developed from this study is an effective tool for examining the root architecture of cassava during early SRD. The aeroponic system also provided novel insights into storage root formation by activating the auxin-dependent proliferation of secondary xylem parenchyma cells to induce the initial root thickening and bulking. The developed system can be of direct benefit to molecular biologists, breeders, and physiologists, allowing them to screen germplasm for root traits that correlate with improved economic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John Atanbori
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
| | - Andrew P. French
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire, LE12 5RD UK
| | - Tony Pridmore
- School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Jubilee Campus, Wollaton Road, Nottingham, NG8 1BB UK
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40
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Boschiero BN, Mariano E, Azevedo RA, Ocheuze Trivelin PC. Influence of nitrate - ammonium ratio on the growth, nutrition, and metabolism of sugarcane. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:246-255. [PMID: 30921736 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Although ammonium (NH4+) has been claimed as the preferential N source for sugarcane (Saccharum spp.), the intense uptake of this mineral form by plants can impair metabolic processes and crop yield. We aimed to assess the growth, nutrition, and metabolic responses of sugarcane grown under different amounts of nitrate (NO3-) and NH4+. Sugarcane setts were grown in nutrient solution at a total concentration of 15 mM N using different NO3-/NH4+ ratios (100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100, respectively) for 163 d under controlled conditions. The pH of the medium was daily adjusted to 5.8 ± 0.1, with replacement of the hydroponic solution every 10 d. NH4+-only fed plants showed lower dry biomass yield, nutrient content, leaf surface area, and leaf gas exchange than those under sole NO3- supply, in addition to favoring the development of brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala). However, there was no indication that NH4+ is directly related to oxidative stress in sugarcane. On the other hand, the highest N utilization efficiency was obtained with NO3--only fed plants, which also resulted in the highest biomass yield, leaf surface area, nutrient content, leaf gas exchange, and root growth. Since NO3- was not stored in plant tissues, we therefore suggested that most of this N form is assimilated following its uptake. Despite the well-known preference of the crop for NH4+, the optimal growth response of sugarcane plants to NO3-/NH4+ ratios was observed under NO3- supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Nastaro Boschiero
- Department of Soil Science, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Stable Isotopes, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Mariano
- Laboratory of Stable Isotopes, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Antunes Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Ocheuze Trivelin
- Laboratory of Stable Isotopes, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Ning K, Ding C, Huang Q, Zhang W, Yang C, Liang D, Fan R, Su X. Transcriptome profiling revealed diverse gene expression patterns in poplar (Populus × euramericana) under different planting densities. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217066. [PMID: 31141527 PMCID: PMC6541269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Certain plant genotypes can achieve optimal growth under appropriate environmental conditions. Under high planting density conditions, plants undergo competition for uptake and utilization of light and nutrients. However, the relationship between whole-genome expression patterns and the planting density in perennial woody plants remains unknown. In this study, whole-genome RNA sequencing of poplar (Populus × euramericana) was carried out at three different sampling heights to determine gene expression patterns under high (HD) and low (LD) planting densities. As a result, 4,004 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between HD and LD, of which 2,300, 701, and 1,003 were detected at the three positions, upper, middle and bottom, respectively. Function annotation results further revealed that a large number of the DEGs were involved in distinct biological functions. There were significant changes in the expression of metabolism-related and stimulus-related genes in response to planting density. There were 37 DEGs that were found at all three positions and were subsequently screened. Several DEGs related to plant light responses and photosynthesis were observed at different positions. Meanwhile, numbers of genes related to auxin/indole-3-acetic acid, and carbon and nitrogen metabolism were also revealed, displaying overall trends of upregulation under HD. These findings provide a basis for identifying candidate genes related to planting density and could increase our molecular understanding of the effect of planting density on gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Changjun Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Qinjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Weixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Chengchao Yang
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Poplar, Gaizhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dejun Liang
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Poplar, Gaizhou, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruting Fan
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China.,Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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42
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Sugar-induced de novo cytokinin biosynthesis contributes to Arabidopsis growth under elevated CO 2. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7765. [PMID: 31123308 PMCID: PMC6533260 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon availability is a major regulatory factor in plant growth and development. Cytokinins, plant hormones that play important roles in various aspects of growth and development, have been implicated in the carbon-dependent regulation of plant growth; however, the details of their involvement remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that sugar-induced cytokinin biosynthesis plays a role in growth enhancement under elevated CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana. Growing Arabidopsis seedlings under elevated CO2 resulted in an accumulation of cytokinin precursors that preceded growth enhancement. In roots, elevated CO2 induced two genes involved in de novo cytokinin biosynthesis: an adenosine phosphate-isopentenyltransferase gene, AtIPT3, and a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene, CYP735A2. The expression of these genes was inhibited by a photosynthesis inhibitor, DCMU, under elevated CO2, and was enhanced by sugar supplements, indicating that photosynthetically generated sugars are responsible for the induction. Consistently, cytokinin precursor accumulation was enhanced by sugar supplements. Cytokinin biosynthetic mutants were impaired in growth enhancement under elevated CO2, demonstrating the involvement of de novo cytokinin biosynthesis for a robust growth response. We propose that plants employ a system to regulate growth in response to elevated CO2 in which photosynthetically generated sugars induce de novo cytokinin biosynthesis for growth regulation.
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Wang P, Wang Z, Pan Q, Sun X, Chen H, Chen F, Yuan L, Mi G. Increased biomass accumulation in maize grown in mixed nitrogen supply is mediated by auxin synthesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:1859-1873. [PMID: 30759246 PMCID: PMC6436159 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The use of mixed nitrate and ammonium as a nitrogen source can improve plant growth. Here, we used metabolomics and transcriptomics to study the underlying mechanisms. Maize plants were grown hydroponically in the presence of three forms of nitrogen (nitrate alone, 75%/25% nitrate/ammonium, and ammonium alone). Plants grown with mixed nitrogen had a higher photosynthetic rate than those supplied only with nitrate, and had the highest leaf area and shoot and root biomass among the three nitrogen treatments. In shoot and root, the concentration of nitrogenous compounds (ammonium, glutamine, and asparagine) and carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose, and fructose) in plants with a mixed nitrogen supply was higher than that with nitrate supply, but lower than that with ammonium supply. The activity of the related enzymes (glutamate synthase, asparagine synthase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, invertase, and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase) changed accordingly. Specifically, the mixed nitrogen source enhanced auxin synthesis via the shikimic acid pathway, as indicated by the higher levels of phosphoenolpyruvate and tryptophan compared with the other two treatments. The expression of corresponding genes involving auxin synthesis and response was up-regulated. Supply of only ammonium resulted in high levels of glutamine and asparagine, starch, and trehalose hexaphosphate. We conclude that, in addition to increased photosynthesis, mixed nitrogen supply enhances leaf growth via increasing auxin synthesis to build a large sink for carbon and nitrogen utilization, which, in turn, facilitates further carbon assimilation and nitrogen uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangkui Wang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingchun Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xichao Sun
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fanjun Chen
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixing Yuan
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guohua Mi
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Guo J, Jia Y, Chen H, Zhang L, Yang J, Zhang J, Hu X, Ye X, Li Y, Zhou Y. Growth, photosynthesis, and nutrient uptake in wheat are affected by differences in nitrogen levels and forms and potassium supply. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1248. [PMID: 30718692 PMCID: PMC6362105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37838-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) are essential macronutrients for plants growth; however, the mechanism by which K mediates negative effects on ammonium-sensitive plants is still poorly understood. We hypothesized that K supplies may enhance antagonistic ammonium stress while improving nitrate nutrition function, which wheat seedlings were grown in sand culture in the presence of two N forms (ammonium; nitrate) supplied at two rates (2, 10 mmol L-1) and three K levels (0.5, 5, 15 mmol L-1). We found that a high N rate increased plant biomass under nitrate nutrition, while it had a negative effect under ammonium nutrition. Compared with nitrate, biomass was depressed by 54% or 85% for low or high N rate under ammonium. This resulted in a reduction in gas exchange parameters and a subsequent decrease in growth variables and nutrient uptake, whereas these parameters increased significantly with increasing K levels. Moreover, in principal components analysis, these variations were highly clustered under nitrate nutrition and highly separated under ammonium nutrition. Our study shows a clear positive interaction between K and N, suggesting that high K supply relieves ammonium stress while improving growth vigor under nitrate nutrition by enhancing nutrient uptake and assimilate production in wheat plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuxin Guo
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Yamin Jia
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jinchang Yang
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiangyu Hu
- The Rice Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xin Ye
- International Magnesium Institute, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Plant Nutritional Physiology and Molecular Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-organic Fertilizer Creation, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu, 233100, China.
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45
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Luo Y, Tang Y, Zhang X, Li W, Chang Y, Pang D, Xu X, Li Y, Wang Z. Interactions between cytokinin and nitrogen contribute to grain mass in wheat cultivars by regulating the flag leaf senescence process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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46
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Duan X, Yu Y, Duanmu H, Chen C, Sun X, Cao L, Li Q, Ding X, Liu B, Zhu Y. GsSLAH3, a Glycine soja slow type anion channel homolog, positively modulates plant bicarbonate stress tolerance. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:145-162. [PMID: 29243826 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline stress is a major form of abiotic stress that severely inhibits plant growth and development, thus restricting crop productivity. However, little is known about how plants respond to alkali. In this study, a slow-type anion channel homolog 3 gene, GsSLAH3, was isolated and functionally characterized. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the GsSLAH3 protein contains 10 transmembrane helices. Consistently, GsSLAH3 was found to locate on plasma membrane by transient expression in onion epidermal cells. In wild soybeans, GsSLAH3 expression was induced by NaHCO3 treatment, suggesting its involvement in plant response to alkaline stress. Ectopic expression of GsSLAH3 in yeast increased sensitivity to alkali treatment. Dramatically, overexpression of GsSLAH3 in Arabidopsis thaliana enhanced alkaline tolerance during the germination, seedling and adult stages. More interestingly, we found that transgenic lines also improved plant tolerance to KHCO3 rather than high pH treatment. A nitrate content analysis of Arabidopsis shoots showed that GsSLAH3 overexpressing lines accumulated more NO3- than wild-type. In summary, our data suggest that GsSLAH3 is a positive alkali responsive gene that increases bicarbonate resistance specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Huizi Duanmu
- College of Life Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaodong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Beidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg S-413 90, Sweden
| | - Yanming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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47
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Verma S, Srivastava A. Bioassessment of Genotoxicity Due to Flux in Soil Nitrogen Dynamics Caused by Addition of Ammonium Nitrate. CYTOLOGIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.83.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Verma
- In Vitro Culture and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow
| | - Alka Srivastava
- In Vitro Culture and Plant Genetics Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow
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48
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Liu H, Ren X, Zhu J, Wu X, Liang C. Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on morphology, growth and nutrient uptake of rice (Oryza sativa) roots under simulated acid rain stress. PLANTA 2018; 248:647-659. [PMID: 29855701 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Application of proper ABA can improve acid tolerance of rice roots by balancing endogenous hormones and promoting nutrient uptake. Abscisic acid (ABA) has an important signaling role in enhancing plant tolerance to environmental stress. To alleviate the inhibition on plant growth and productivity caused by acid rain, it is crucial to clarify the regulating mechanism of ABA on adaptation of plants to acid rain. Here, we studied the effects of exogenously applied ABA on nutrients uptake of rice roots under simulated acid rain (SAR) stress from physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects. Compared to the single SAR treatment (pH 4.5 or 3.5), exogenous 10 μM ABA alleviated the SAR-induced inhibition of root growth by balancing endogenous hormones (abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid and zeatin), promoting nutrient uptake (nitrate, P, K and Mg) in rice roots, and increasing the activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase by up-regulating expression levels of genes (OSA2, OSA4, OSA9 and OSA10). However, exogenous 100 μM ABA exacerbated the SAR-caused inhibition of root growth by disrupting the balance of endogenous hormones, and inhibiting nutrient uptake (nitrate, P, K, Ca and Mg) through decreasing the activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase. These results indicate that proper concentration of exogenous ABA could enhance tolerance of rice roots to SAR stress by promoting nutrients uptake and balancing endogenous hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiuzheng Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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49
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Pavlů J, Novák J, Koukalová V, Luklová M, Brzobohatý B, Černý M. Cytokinin at the Crossroads of Abiotic Stress Signalling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082450. [PMID: 30126242 PMCID: PMC6121657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokinin is a multifaceted plant hormone that plays major roles not only in diverse plant growth and development processes, but also stress responses. We summarize knowledge of the roles of its metabolism, transport, and signalling in responses to changes in levels of both macronutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur) and micronutrients (boron, iron, silicon, selenium). We comment on cytokinin's effects on plants' xenobiotic resistance, and its interactions with light, temperature, drought, and salinity signals. Further, we have compiled a list of abiotic stress-related genes and demonstrate that their expression patterns overlap with those of cytokinin metabolism and signalling genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Pavlů
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Vladěna Koukalová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Markéta Luklová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Břetislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Biophysics AS CR, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Phytophthora Research Centre, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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50
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Podgórska A, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Tarnowska A, Burian M, Borysiuk K, Gardeström P, Szal B. Nitrogen Source Dependent Changes in Central Sugar Metabolism Maintain Cell Wall Assembly in Mitochondrial Complex I-Defective frostbite1 and Secondarily Affect Programmed Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082206. [PMID: 30060552 PMCID: PMC6121878 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For optimal plant growth, carbon and nitrogen availability needs to be tightly coordinated. Mitochondrial perturbations related to a defect in complex I in the Arabidopsis thalianafrostbite1 (fro1) mutant, carrying a point mutation in the 8-kD Fe-S subunit of NDUFS4 protein, alter aspects of fundamental carbon metabolism, which is manifested as stunted growth. During nitrate nutrition, fro1 plants showed a dominant sugar flux toward nitrogen assimilation and energy production, whereas cellulose integration in the cell wall was restricted. However, when cultured on NH4+ as the sole nitrogen source, which typically induces developmental disorders in plants (i.e., the ammonium toxicity syndrome), fro1 showed improved growth as compared to NO3− nourishing. Higher energy availability in fro1 plants was correlated with restored cell wall assembly during NH4+ growth. To determine the relationship between mitochondrial complex I disassembly and cell wall-related processes, aspects of cell wall integrity and sugar and reactive oxygen species signaling were analyzed in fro1 plants. The responses of fro1 plants to NH4+ treatment were consistent with the inhibition of a form of programmed cell death. Resistance of fro1 plants to NH4+ toxicity coincided with an absence of necrotic lesion in plant leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podgórska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Tarnowska
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maria Burian
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Klaudia Borysiuk
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Per Gardeström
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden, .
| | - Bożena Szal
- Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, I. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland.
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