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Landberg R, Karra P, Hoobler R, Loftfield E, Huybrechts I, Rattner JI, Noerman S, Claeys L, Neveu V, Vidkjaer NH, Savolainen O, Playdon MC, Scalbert A. Dietary biomarkers-an update on their validity and applicability in epidemiological studies. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1260-1280. [PMID: 37791499 PMCID: PMC11317775 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this literature review was to identify and provide a summary update on the validity and applicability of the most promising dietary biomarkers reflecting the intake of important foods in the Western diet for application in epidemiological studies. Many dietary biomarker candidates, reflecting intake of common foods and their specific constituents, have been discovered from intervention and observational studies in humans, but few have been validated. The literature search was targeted for biomarker candidates previously reported to reflect intakes of specific food groups or components that are of major importance in health and disease. Their validity was evaluated according to 8 predefined validation criteria and adapted to epidemiological studies; we summarized the findings and listed the most promising food intake biomarkers based on the evaluation. Biomarker candidates for alcohol, cereals, coffee, dairy, fats and oils, fruits, legumes, meat, seafood, sugar, tea, and vegetables were identified. Top candidates for all categories are specific to certain foods, have defined parent compounds, and their concentrations are unaffected by nonfood determinants. The correlations of candidate dietary biomarkers with habitual food intake were moderate to strong and their reproducibility over time ranged from low to high. For many biomarker candidates, critical information regarding dose response, correlation with habitual food intake, and reproducibility over time is yet unknown. The nutritional epidemiology field will benefit from the development of novel methods to combine single biomarkers to generate biomarker panels in combination with self-reported data. The most promising dietary biomarker candidates that reflect commonly consumed foods and food components for application in epidemiological studies were identified, and research required for their full validation was summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Prasoona Karra
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rachel Hoobler
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Erikka Loftfield
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Jodi I Rattner
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Stefania Noerman
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liesel Claeys
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, Lyon, France
| | - Vanessa Neveu
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Nanna Hjort Vidkjaer
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Otto Savolainen
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mary C Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France
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Toro-Román V, Siquier-Coll J, Bartolomé I, Maynar-Mariño M, Grijota FJ. Influence of Long-Term Soccer Training on the Fatty Acid Profile of the Platelet Membrane and Intra-Platelet Antioxidant Vitamins. Nutrients 2024; 16:2391. [PMID: 39125272 PMCID: PMC11313865 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to study the long-term effects of soccer training on platelet membrane fatty acid levels and antioxidant vitamins. Forty-four subjects divided into soccer players (SP; n = 22; 20.86 ± 0.36 years) and a control group (CG; n = 22; 21.23 ± 0.49 years) participated in the study. The fatty acids of the platelet membrane, the rates of desaturation, lipid peroxidation indexes and intra-platelet levels of vitamins C and E were assessed. SP obtained lower values in polyunsaturated fatty acids 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid), 20:5:3 (eicosapentaenoic acid) and 22:6:3 (docosahexaenoic acid) (p < 0.05). The desaturation index ∆5 was higher in SP (p < 0.05), and they had a higher lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6 (arachidonic acid)/16:0 (palmitic acid) (p < 0.05). Vitamin E and C platelet values were also higher in SP (p < 0.01). There were positive correlations in the ω6/ω3 index (p < 0.05), desaturation index ∆5 (p < 0.05), lipid peroxidation index 20:4:6/16:0 and intra-platelet vitamins E and C (p < 0.01) with the level of physical activity. In addition, there were inverse correlations in fatty acids 24:0 (lignoceric acid), 16:1 (palmitoleic acid), 20:3:6 (eicosadienoic acid) and 18:3:3 (alpha-linolenic acid) (p < 0.05) depending on the degree of physical activity. Regular long-term soccer training could modify the concentration of fatty acids such as 24:0, 16:1, 18:6, 20:3:6, 18:3:3:3, 20:5:3, 26:6:3 and ω3 PUFAs in the platelet membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Toro-Román
- Research Group in Technology Applied to High Performance and Health, Department of Health Sciences, TecnoCampus, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08302 Mataró, Spain;
| | - Jesús Siquier-Coll
- Department of Communication and Education, University of Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ignacio Bartolomé
- Education Faculty, Pontifical University of Salamanca, Henry Collet Street, 52-70, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Fernán González Street, 76, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
| | - Marcos Maynar-Mariño
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Francisco J. Grijota
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Fernán González Street, 76, 09003 Burgos, Spain;
- Sport Sciences Faculty, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
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Warensjö Lemming E, Byberg L, Höijer J, Larsson SC, Wolk A, Michaëlsson K. Dietary fatty acids and incident hip fractures in cohorts of women and men. A relative validation and follow-up study. J Nutr Health Aging 2024; 28:100247. [PMID: 38669838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hip fractures are associated with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. Diet is essential for preventing fragility fractures, but the role of dietary fatty acids on the risk of hip fracture is uncertain. The aim was to investigate how intake of different dietary fatty acids relates to the risk of hip fracture. A relative validation of the long-term intake of dietary fatty acids estimated from food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) was also performed. DESIGN, SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS We used data collected in two population-based cohorts, the Swedish Mammography Cohort and the Cohort of Swedish men (n = 83,603, 54% men, aged 45-82 years). Data from the repeated investigations in the cohorts and cross-sectional data from their clinical sub-cohorts were used. MEASUREMENTS Diet data was collected in FFQs. Incident hip fractures were gathered by individual linkage to national registers. We performed Cox regression analysis to investigate associations between dietary fatty acids and hip fracture. Follow-up time was between January 1st, 1998 and December 31st, 2020. The validation was performed using correlation analyses, comparing fatty acids measured in adipose tissue with estimated fatty acid intakes from FFQs. RESULTS During up to 23 years of follow-up (mean 18 years) and 1,538,627 person-years at risk, 7345 participants (2840 men) experienced a hip fracture. A low linoleic acid (LA) and high intakes of long-chain n-3 fatty acids were associated with higher hip fracture risk in a non-linear way. In quartile 4 compared to quartile 1 of LA, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio of hip fracture was 0.89 (95% Confidence Interval: 0.81, 0.97). The study confirmed the validity of FFQs to capture the intake of the specific dietary long-chain n-3 fatty acids. The estimated intake of LA, α-linolenic acid, and myristic acid were also adequately captured by the FFQs. Validity was confirmed in both women and men. CONCLUSION A low to moderate intake of linoleic acid and a higher intake of long-chain n-3 fatty acids were associated with a higher risk of hip fractures. The results indicate that attention should be paid to dietary fatty acid composition for the optimal prevention of fragility fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Warensjö Lemming
- Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Höijer
- Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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van Soest APM, de Groot LCPGM, Witkamp RF, van Lent DM, Seshadri S, van de Rest O. Concurrent nutrient deficiencies are associated with dementia incidence. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:4594-4601. [PMID: 38865433 PMCID: PMC11247665 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While observational research suggests a protective role for nutrition in brain aging, intervention studies remain inconclusive. This failing translation from observational to interventional research may result from overlooking nutrient interactions. METHODS We developed a nutrient status index capturing the number of suboptimal statuses of omega-3 fatty acids, homocysteine, and vitamin D (range 0 to 3). We associated this index with dementia incidence in a subsample (age ≥ 50 years) of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort. RESULTS Among 968 participants, 79 developed dementia over 15.5 years (median follow-up). Each point increase in nutrient status index was associated with a 50% higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16, 1.96). Participants with three high-risk statuses had a four-fold increased risk of dementia compared to participants without high-risk status (HR = 4.68; 95% CI = 1.69, 12.94). DISCUSSION Concurrent nutrient deficiencies are associated with the risk of dementia. The potential of optimizing nutritional status to lower dementia risk warrants further study. HIGHLIGHTS Nutrition and dementia research calls for multiple-nutrient approaches. We studied combined suboptimal statuses of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, homocysteine, and vitamin D. Suboptimal status of the three nutrients was associated with dementia risk. The risk estimate was larger than for other factors (ie, diabetes, apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier). Future studies should assess the effect of improving nutrient status on dementia risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick P. M. van Soest
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Renger F. Witkamp
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Debora Melo van Lent
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative DiseasesUT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- The Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative DiseasesUT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of NeurologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
- The Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMassachusettsUSA
| | - Ondine van de Rest
- Division of Human Nutrition and HealthWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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Christensen JJ, Arnesen EK, Rundblad A, Telle-Hansen VH, Narverud I, Blomhoff R, Bogsrud MP, Retterstøl K, Ulven SM, Holven KB. Dietary fat quality, plasma atherogenic lipoproteins, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: An overview of the rationale for dietary recommendations for fat intake. Atherosclerosis 2024; 389:117433. [PMID: 38219649 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The scientific evidence supporting the current dietary recommendations for fat quality keeps accumulating; however, a paradoxical distrust has taken root among many researchers, clinicians, and in parts of the general public. One explanation for this distrust may relate to an incomplete overview of the totality of the evidence for the link between fat quality as a dietary exposure, and health outcomes such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Therefore, the main aim of the present narrative review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the rationale for dietary recommendations for fat intake, limiting our discussion to ASCVD as outcome. Herein, we provide a core framework - a causal model - that can help us understand the evidence that has accumulated to date, and that can help us understand new evidence that may become available in the future. The causal model for fat quality and ASCVD is comprised of three key research questions (RQs), each of which determine which scientific methods are most appropriate to use, and thereby which lines of evidence that should feed into the causal model. First, we discuss the link between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and ASCVD (RQ1); we draw especially on evidence from genetic studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), epidemiology, and mechanistic studies. Second, we explain the link between dietary fat quality and LDL particles (RQ2); we draw especially on metabolic ward studies, controlled trials (randomized and non-randomized), and mechanistic studies. Third, we explain the link between dietary fat quality, LDL particles, and ASCVD (RQ3); we draw especially on RCTs in animals and humans, epidemiology, population-based changes, and experiments of nature. Additionally, the distrust over dietary recommendations for fat quality may partly relate to an unclear understanding of the scientific method, especially as applied in nutrition research, including the process of developing dietary guidelines. We therefore also aimed to clarify this process. We discuss how we assess causality in nutrition research, and how we progress from scientific evidence to providing dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erik Kristoffer Arnesen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amanda Rundblad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ingunn Narverud
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin P Bogsrud
- Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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6
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Zhang ZL, Ho SC, Shi DD, Zhan XX, Wu QX, Xu L, Zhang CX. Erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA are inversely associated with breast cancer risk among Chinese women. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:103-112. [PMID: 37381894 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA and breast cancer risk is controversial. We aimed to examine the associations of erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA with odds of breast cancer among Chinese women by using a relatively large sample size. A case-control study was conducted including 853 newly diagnosed, histologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 892 frequency-matched controls (5-year interval). Erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA were measured by GC. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline were used to quantify the association between erythrocyte membrane n-3 PUFA and odds of breast cancer. Erythrocyte membrane α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and total n-3 PUFA were inversely and non-linearly associated with odds of breast cancer. The OR values (95 % CI), comparing the highest with the lowest quartile (Q), were 0·57 (0·43, 0·76), 0·43 (0·32, 0·58) and 0·36 (0·27, 0·49) for ALA, DPA and total n-3 PUFA, respectively. Erythrocyte membrane EPA and DHA were linearly and inversely associated with odds of breast cancer ((EPA: ORQ4 v. Q1 (95 % CI) = 0·59 (0·45, 0·79); DHA: ORQ4 v. Q1 (95 % CI) = 0·50 (0·37, 0·67)). The inverse associations were observed between ALA and odds of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, and between DHA and oestrogen receptor+ breast cancer. This study showed that erythrocyte membrane total and individual n-3 PUFA were inversely associated with odds of breast cancer. Other factors, such as menopause and hormone receptor status, may warrant further investigation when examining the association between n-3 PUFA and odds of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Lin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Suzanne C Ho
- Division of Epidemiology, The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Xia Zhan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Xin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai-Xia Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou510080, People's Republic of China
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Agnaou M, El Mourabit Y, Nadir M, Oualid JA, ELmchichi K, Sahla K, Lefrere L, Banaoui A, Alla AA. Integrated Biomarker responses in the mollusk, Patella vulgata: Assessing Aquatic pollution in Agadir Bay, South Morocco. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115660. [PMID: 37890430 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
In Agadir Bay, a study evaluated pollution biomarkers in the mollusk species Patella vulgata. Samples were collected seasonally from September 2021 to September 2022 at two distinct coastal sites within Agadir Bay: Cap Ghir and Anza Beach. Notable variations were observed in biomarkers like malondialdehyde, with a peak at 10.62 nmol/mg P in spring 2022 at Anza Beach. Catalase activity spiked in spring at 69.56 µmol/min/mg P for Cap Ghir and 72.73 µmol/min/mg P for Anza Beach. Acetylcholinesterase showed a decrease at 9.84 nmol/min/mg P in autumn at Anza Beach. Meanwhile, glutathione-S-transferase recorded an increase to 317.96 nmol/min/mg P at Cap Ghir in spring 2022. Using the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR), these results were visualized, highlighting more stress in mollusks from Anza Beach compared to Cap Ghir. This research provides critical insights into the environmental effects on P. vulgata and potential conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustapha Agnaou
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ait Melloul, Morocco.
| | - Youssef El Mourabit
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Meryam Nadir
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ait Melloul, Morocco
| | - Jaouad Abou Oualid
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Karima ELmchichi
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Karim Sahla
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Latifa Lefrere
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ait Melloul, Morocco
| | - Ali Banaoui
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Aicha Ait Alla
- Laboratory of "Aquatic Systems: Marine and Continental Ecosystems", Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Rouschop SH, Smolinska A, Gielen M, de Groot RHM, Zeegers MP, Opperhuizen A, van Schooten FJ, Godschalk RW. Maternal fatty acid status during pregnancy versus offspring inflammatory markers: a canonical correlation analysis of the MEFAB cohort. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1264278. [PMID: 37927506 PMCID: PMC10620499 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1264278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of inflammatory lung disorders in children may be related to maternal fatty acid intake during pregnancy. We therefore examined maternal fatty acid (FA) status during pregnancy and its associations with inflammatory markers and lung conditions in the child by analyzing data from the MEFAB cohort using multivariate canonical correlation analysis (CCA). In the MEFAB cohort, 39 different phospholipid FAs were measured in maternal plasma at 16, 22 and 32 weeks of pregnancy, and at day of birth. Child inflammatory markers and self-reported doctor diagnosis of inflammatory lung disorders were assessed at 7 years of age. Using CCA, we found that maternal FA levels during pregnancy were significantly associated with child inflammatory markers at 7 years of age and that Mead acid (20:3n-9) was the most important FA for this correlation. To further verify the importance of Mead acid, we examined the relation between maternal Mead acid levels at the day of birth with the development of inflammatory lung disorders in children at age 7. After stratification for the child's sex, maternal Mead acid levels at day of birth were significantly related with self-reported doctor diagnosis of asthma and lung infections in boys, and bronchitis and total number of lung disorders in girls. Future studies should investigate whether the importance of Mead acid in the relation between maternal FA status and inflammation and lung disorders in the child is due to its role as biomarker for essential fatty acid deficiency or due to its own biological function as pro-inflammatory mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven H. Rouschop
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Agnieszka Smolinska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marij Gielen
- Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Renate H. M. de Groot
- Department Conditions for Life Long Learning, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, Netherlands
| | - Maurice P. Zeegers
- Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Antoon Opperhuizen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Nederlandse Voedsel en Warenautoriteit (NVWA), Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Frederik J. van Schooten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Roger W. Godschalk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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9
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Nayda NC, Thomas JM, Delaney CL, Miller MD. The effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on blood levels of omega-3s in people with chronic atherosclerotic disease: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2023; 81:1447-1461. [PMID: 36882117 PMCID: PMC10563859 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Atherosclerosis is a systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative disease, accounting for approximately a third of deaths globally. It has been proposed that omega-3s, through their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, mitigate atherosclerotic disease progression. However, due to the systemic pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative state of atherosclerosis, it is proposed that patients with atherosclerotic disease may have higher omega-3 requirements than the average requirement, due to increased nutrient utilization in anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant processes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to determine what dose and duration of omega-3 supplementation is required to reach a therapeutic blood level of omega-3s (eicosapentaenoic acid ≥150 µg/mL or omega-3 index ≥8%) in people with chronic atherosclerotic disease. DATA SOURCES This systematic review comprehensively searched MEDLINE, Emcare, Scopus, and CINAHL using key search terms for atherosclerotic disease, omega-3, supplementation, and blood levels of omega-3s. DATA EXTRACTION Two reviewers independently screened 529 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) supplementing omega-3s in patients with chronic atherosclerotic disease. DATA ANALYSIS In total, 25 journal articles from 17 original RCTs were included and assessed quantitatively. Supplementation at 1.8 g to 3.4 g per day for a 3-month-6-month duration, and at 4.4 g and above for as little as 1 month-6 months were identified as the most effective dosage ranges for increasing blood levels of omega-3s to therapeutic levels in people with atherosclerotic disease. CONCLUSIONS Consideration should be given to routine omega-3 supplementation and to increasing the omega-3 dietary recommendations and upper limits of daily intake to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the risk of cardiac mortality in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C Nayda
- are with the Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jolene M Thomas
- are with the Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Christopher L Delaney
- is with the College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
- is with the Department of Vascular Surgery, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michelle D Miller
- are with the Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Dhillon VS, Thomas P, Lee SL, Deo P, Fenech M. Red Blood Cell Fatty Acid Profiles Are Significantly Altered in South Australian Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease Cases Compared to Matched Controls. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14164. [PMID: 37762467 PMCID: PMC10531649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional imbalances have been associated with a higher risk for cognitive impairment. This study determined the red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid profile of newly diagnosed mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients compared to age and gender-matched controls. There was a significant increase in palmitic acid (p < 0.00001) for both MCI and AD groups. Saturated fatty acids were significantly elevated in the MCI group, including stearic acid (p = 0.0001), arachidic acid (p = 0.003), behenic acid (p = 0.0002), tricosanoic acid (p = 0.007) and lignoceric acid (p = 0.001). n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were significantly reduced in MCI, including linoleic acid (p = 0.001), γ-linolenic acid (p = 0.03), eicosatrienoic acid (p = 0.009) and arachidonic acid (p < 0.00004). The n-3 PUFAs, α-linolenic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, were both significantly reduced in MCI and AD (p = 0.0005 and p = 0.00003). A positive correlation was evident between the Mini-Mental State Examination score and nervonic acid in MCI (r = 0.54, p = 0.01) and a negative correlation with γ-linolenic acid in AD (r = -0.43, p = 0.05). Differences in fatty acid profiles may prove useful as potential biomarkers reflecting increased risk for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varinderpal S. Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (P.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Philip Thomas
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide 5000, Australia;
| | - Sau L. Lee
- College of Medical and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park 5042, Australia;
| | - Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (P.D.); (M.F.)
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (P.D.); (M.F.)
- Genome Health Foundation, Adelaide 5048, Australia
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11
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Loong S, Barnes S, Gatto NM, Chowdhury S, Lee GJ. Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Cognition, and Brain Volume in Older Adults. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1278. [PMID: 37759879 PMCID: PMC10526215 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The elderly population is growing at increased rates and is expected to double in size by 2050 in the United States and worldwide. The consumption of healthy foods and enriched diets have been associated with improved cognition and brain health. The key nutrients common to many healthy foods and diets are the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 FAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). We explored whether omega-3 FA levels are associated with brain volume and cognition. Forty healthy, cognitively normal, Seventh-day Adventist older adults (mean age 76.3 years at MRI scan, 22 females) completed neurocognitive testing, a blood draw, and structural neuroimaging from 2016 to 2018. EPA and an overall omega-3 index were associated with individual measures of delayed recall (RAVLT-DR) and processing speed (Stroop Color) as well as entorhinal cortex thickness. EPA, DHA, and the omega-3 index were significantly correlated with the total white matter volume. The entorhinal cortex, frontal pole, and total white matter were associated with higher scores on delayed memory recall. This exploratory study found that among healthy, cognitively older adults, increased levels of omega-3 FAs are associated with better memory, processing speed, and structural brain measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer Loong
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Samuel Barnes
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (S.B.)
| | - Nicole M. Gatto
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Shilpy Chowdhury
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (S.B.)
| | - Grace J. Lee
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
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12
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Huybrechts I, Jacobs I, Aglago EK, Yammine S, Matta M, Schmidt JA, Casagrande C, Nicolas G, Biessy C, Van Puyvelde H, Scalbert A, Derksen JWG, van der Schouw YT, Grioni S, Amiano P, Halkjær J, Tjønneland A, Huerta JM, Luján-Barroso L, Palli D, Gunter MJ, Perez-Cornago A, Chajès V. Associations between Fatty Acid Intakes and Plasma Phospholipid Fatty Acid Concentrations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Nutrients 2023; 15:3695. [PMID: 37686727 PMCID: PMC10489906 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to determine the correlations between dietary fatty acid (FA) intakes and plasma phospholipid (PL) FA levels in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. METHODS The dietary intake of 60 individual FAs was estimated using centre-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Plasma PL FA concentrations of these FAs were measured in non-fasting venous plasma samples in nested case-control studies within the EPIC cohort (n = 4923, using only non-cases). Spearman rank correlations were calculated to determine associations between FA intakes and plasma PL FA levels. RESULTS Correlations between FA intakes and circulating levels were low to moderately high (-0.233 and 0.554). Moderate positive correlations were found for total long-chain n-3 poly-unsaturated FA (PUFA) (r = 0.354) with the highest (r = 0.406) for n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Moderate positive correlations were also found for the non-endogenously synthesized trans-FA (r = 0.461 for total trans-FA C16-18; r = 0.479 for industrial trans-FA (elaidic acid)). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that dietary FA intakes might influence the plasma PL FA status to a certain extent for several specific FAs. The stronger positive correlations for health-enhancing long-chain PUFAs and the health-deteriorating trans-FA that are not endogenously produced are valuable for future cancer prevention public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge Huybrechts
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Inarie Jacobs
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Elom K. Aglago
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Sahar Yammine
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Michèle Matta
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Julie A. Schmidt
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (A.P.-C.)
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Corinne Casagrande
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Geneviève Nicolas
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Carine Biessy
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Heleen Van Puyvelde
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
| | - Jeroen W. G. Derksen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.W.G.D.); (Y.T.v.d.S.)
| | - Yvonne T. van der Schouw
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.W.G.D.); (Y.T.v.d.S.)
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain;
- Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Department of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.H.); (A.T.)
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Department of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.H.); (A.T.)
| | - José M. Huerta
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30005 Murcia, Spain
| | - Leila Luján-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology—IDIBELL, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain;
- Nutrition and Cancer Group, Epidemiology, Public Health, Cancer Prevention and Palliative Care Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute—IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Av. Granvia 199-203, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Marc J. Gunter
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Aurora Perez-Cornago
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK; (J.A.S.); (A.P.-C.)
| | - Véronique Chajès
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, CEDEX 07, 69366 Lyon, France; (I.J.); (E.K.A.); (S.Y.); (M.M.); (C.C.); (G.N.); (C.B.); (H.V.P.); (A.S.); (M.J.G.); (V.C.)
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13
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Wu Q, Shi D, Dong T, Zhang Z, Ou Q, Fang Y, Zhang C. Serum Saturated Fatty Acids including Very Long-Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and Colorectal Cancer Risk among Chinese Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081917. [PMID: 37111137 PMCID: PMC10141165 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) including very long-chain SFAs (VLCSFAs) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk has not been clearly established. To investigate the association between serum SFAs and CRC risk in Chinese population, 680 CRC cases and 680 sex and age-matched (5-year interval) controls were recruited in our study. Serum levels of SFAs were detected by gas chromatography. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between serum SFAs and CRC risk. Results showed that total SFAs were positively associated with the risk of CRC (adjusted OR quartile 4 vs. 1 = 2.64, 95%CI: 1.47-4.74). However, VLCSFAs were inversely associated with CRC risk (adjusted OR quartile 4 vs. 1 = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.36-0.72). Specifically, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and arachidic acid were positively associated with CRC risk, while behenic acid and lignoceric acid were inversely associated with CRC risk. This study indicates that higher levels of total serum SFAs and lower levels of serum VLCSFAs were associated with an increased risk of CRC in Chinese population. To reduce the risk of CRC, we recommend reducing the intake of foods containing palmitic acid and heptadecanoic acid such as animal products and dairy products, and moderately increasing the intake of foods containing VLCSFAs such as peanuts and canola oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ting Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhuolin Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qingjian Ou
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yujing Fang
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Caixia Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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14
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Shafie F, Tajadod S, Aslany Z, Allahyari P, Vahdat M, Shekari S, Mohseni GK, Gholamalizadeh M, Mohammadi S, Bahar B, Shafaei H, Doaei S. Breast cancer and dietary fat quality indices in Iranian women: A case-control study. Front Oncol 2023; 12:993397. [PMID: 36741722 PMCID: PMC9895810 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.993397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between breast cancer (BC) and different indices of dietary fats has not been well-studied. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between BC and dietary fat quality (DFQ) indices in Iranian women. Methods This case-control study was conducted on 120 women with breast cancer and 240 healthy women in Tehran, Iran. Food Frequency Questionnaire and nutritionist IV software were used to assess the intake of dietary fats and to calculate the DFQ indices. Results The patients with BC had a higher total fat (TF) (P < 0.01) and a lower ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) omega-3 to PUFAs omega-6 (ω-3/ω-6) compared with the controls (P < 0.001). TF had a significant association with BC risk (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.01-1.33, P < 0.001). No significant association was found between BC and PUFA/saturated fatty acid ratio or the ω-3/ω-6 ratio. Conclusion The patients with BC had a lower ω-3/ω-6 ratio and a higher total dietary fat intake than the healthy women. Total dietary fat intake was also directly associated with the risk of BC. Thus, low-fat diets may have beneficial effects for BC prevention. Further longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shafie
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Tajadod
- Department of Nutrition, School Of Public Health, International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Aslany
- The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary ph.D. program in Nutrition (OSUN), Columbus, United States,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, United States
| | - Pooneh Allahyari
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Vahdat
- Aboozar Children’s Medical Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Soheila Shekari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeideh Mohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bojlul Bahar
- Nutrition Sciences and Applied Food Safety Studies, Research Centre for Global Development, School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Hanieh Shafaei
- Nursing and Midwifery School, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,*Correspondence: Saeid Doaei,
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15
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Ong KL, Marklund M, Huang L, Rye KA, Hui N, Pan XF, Rebholz CM, Kim H, Steffen LM, van Westing AC, Geleijnse JM, Hoogeveen EK, Chen YY, Chien KL, Fretts AM, Lemaitre RN, Imamura F, Forouhi NG, Wareham NJ, Birukov A, Jäger S, Kuxhaus O, Schulze MB, de Mello VD, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Lindström J, Tintle N, Harris WS, Yamasaki K, Hirakawa Y, Ninomiya T, Tanaka T, Ferrucci L, Bandinelli S, Virtanen JK, Voutilainen A, Jayasena T, Thalamuthu A, Poljak A, Bustamante S, Sachdev PS, Senn MK, Rich SS, Tsai MY, Wood AC, Laakso M, Lankinen M, Yang X, Sun L, Li H, Lin X, Nowak C, Ärnlöv J, Risérus U, Lind L, Le Goff M, Samieri C, Helmer C, Qian F, Micha R, Tin A, Köttgen A, de Boer IH, Siscovick DS, Mozaffarian D, Wu JH. Association of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with incident chronic kidney disease: pooled analysis of 19 cohorts. BMJ 2023; 380:e072909. [PMID: 36653033 PMCID: PMC9846698 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prospective associations of circulating levels of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) biomarkers (including plant derived α linolenic acid and seafood derived eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN Pooled analysis. DATA SOURCES A consortium of 19 studies from 12 countries identified up to May 2020. STUDY SELECTION Prospective studies with measured n-3 PUFA biomarker data and incident CKD based on estimated glomerular filtration rate. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Each participating cohort conducted de novo analysis with prespecified and consistent exposures, outcomes, covariates, and models. The results were pooled across cohorts using inverse variance weighted meta-analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome of incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. In a sensitivity analysis, incident CKD was defined as new onset estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and <75% of baseline rate. RESULTS 25 570 participants were included in the primary outcome analysis and 4944 (19.3%) developed incident CKD during follow-up (weighted median 11.3 years). In multivariable adjusted models, higher levels of total seafood n-3 PUFAs were associated with a lower incident CKD risk (relative risk per interquintile range 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.86 to 0.98; P=0.009, I2=9.9%). In categorical analyses, participants with total seafood n-3 PUFA level in the highest fifth had 13% lower risk of incident CKD compared with those in the lowest fifth (0.87, 0.80 to 0.96; P=0.005, I2=0.0%). Plant derived α linolenic acid levels were not associated with incident CKD (1.00, 0.94 to 1.06; P=0.94, I2=5.8%). Similar results were obtained in the sensitivity analysis. The association appeared consistent across subgroups by age (≥60 v <60 years), estimated glomerular filtration rate (60-89 v ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), hypertension, diabetes, and coronary heart disease at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Higher seafood derived n-3 PUFA levels were associated with lower risk of incident CKD, although this association was not found for plant derived n-3 PUFAs. These results support a favourable role for seafood derived n-3 PUFAs in preventing CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwok Leung Ong
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matti Marklund
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liping Huang
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerry-Anne Rye
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Hui
- Lipid Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiong-Fei Pan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Shuangliu Institute of Women's and Children's Health, Shuangliu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Anniek C van Westing
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen K Hoogeveen
- Department of Nephrology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Den Bosch, The Netherlands
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Heart Rhythm Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Kuo-Liong Chien
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Fumiaki Imamura
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nita G Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anna Birukov
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Susanne Jäger
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Olga Kuxhaus
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Vanessa Derenji de Mello
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Saudi Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Uusitupa
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jaana Lindström
- Population Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nathan Tintle
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Population Health Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - William S Harris
- The Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Yamasaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Jyrki K Virtanen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ari Voutilainen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tharusha Jayasena
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anbupalam Thalamuthu
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Mackenzie K Senn
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Xiaowei Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Huaixing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Christoph Nowak
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Ulf Risérus
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélanie Le Goff
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Cécilia Samieri
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Catherine Helmer
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Centre, INSERM, UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frank Qian
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Adrienne Tin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Data Driven Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Kidney Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Puget Sound VA Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- The Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Hy Wu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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16
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Development of a Multibiomarker Panel of Healthy Eating Index in United States Adults: A Machine Learning Approach. J Nutr 2023; 153:385-392. [PMID: 36913475 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary and nutritional biomarkers are objective dietary assessment tools that will enable a more accurate and precise determination of diet-disease relations. However, the lack of established biomarker panels for dietary patterns is concerning, as dietary patterns continue to be the focus of dietary guidelines. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop and validate a panel of objective biomarkers that reflects the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) by applying machine learning approaches to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. METHODS Cross-sectional population-based data (eligible criteria: age ≥20 y, not pregnant, no reported supplement use of dedicated vitamin A, D, E, or fish oils; n = 3481) from the 2003 to 2004 cycle of the NHANES were used to develop 2 multibiomarker panels of the HEI, 1 with (primary panel) and 1 without (secondary panel) plasma FAs. Up to 46 blood-based dietary and nutritional biomarkers (24 FAs, 11 carotenoids, and 11 vitamins) were included for variable selection using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, and education. The explanatory impact of selected biomarker panels was assessed by comparing the regression models with and without the selected biomarkers. In addition, 5 comparative machine learning models were constructed to validate the biomarker selection. RESULTS The primary multibiomarker panel (8 FAs, 5 carotenoids, and 5 vitamins) significantly improved the explained variability of the HEI (adjusted R2 increased from 0.056 to 0.245). The secondary multibiomarker panel (8 vitamins and 10 carotenoids) had lesser predictive capabilities (adjusted R2 increased from 0.048 to 0.189). CONCLUSIONS Two multibiomarker panels were developed and validated to reflect a healthy dietary pattern consistent with the HEI. Future research should seek to test these multibiomarker panels in randomly assigned trials and identify whether they have broad application in healthy dietary pattern assessment.
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17
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Li KJ, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Fleuti C, Badertscher R, Vergères G, Feskens EJM, Burton-Pimentel KJ. Associations between dairy fat intake, milk-derived free fatty acids, and cardiometabolic risk in Dutch adults. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:185-198. [PMID: 35931833 PMCID: PMC9899750 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02974-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Milk-derived free fatty acids (FFAs) may act as both biomarkers of intake and metabolic effect. In this study we explored associations between different types of dairy consumption, a selection of milk-derived free fatty acids, and cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors. METHODS Sixty-seven FFAs were quantified in the plasma of 131 free-living Dutch adults (median 60 years) using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Intakes of different dairy foods and groups were assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. Twelve different CMD risk factors were analyzed. Multiple linear regressions were used to evaluate the associations under study. RESULTS Based on the fully adjusted models, 5 long-chain unsaturated FFAs (C18:1 t13 + c6 + c7 + u, C18:2 c9t11 + u, C20:1 c11, C20:3 c8c11c14, and C20:4 c5c8c11c14), 2 medium-chain saturated FFAs (C15, C15 iso), and a trans FFA (C16:1 t9) were positively associated with at least one variable of dairy intake, as well as plasma total and LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and SCORE (p ≤ 0.05). A long-chain PUFA associated with high-fat fermented dairy intake (C18:2 t9t12), was negatively associated with serum triglyceride levels, and a long-chain saturated FFA associated with cheese intake (C18:1 u1) was negatively associated with plasma LDL cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels. No clear associations were observed between dairy intake and CMD risk factors. CONCLUSION Milk-derived FFAs could act as sensitive biomarkers for dairy intake and metabolism, allowing the association between dairy and CMD risk to be more precisely evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J. Li
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.484687.1 0000 0001 1457 2921Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER), Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Fleuti
- grid.484687.1 0000 0001 1457 2921Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER), Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG), Bern, Switzerland
| | - René Badertscher
- grid.484687.1 0000 0001 1457 2921Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER), Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Guy Vergères
- grid.484687.1 0000 0001 1457 2921Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER), Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG), Bern, Switzerland
| | - Edith J. M. Feskens
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Department of Agrotechnology and Food Science, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kathryn J. Burton-Pimentel
- grid.484687.1 0000 0001 1457 2921Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research (EAER), Federal Office for Agriculture (FOAG), Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Tsuzuki S. A point of view on human fat olfaction - do fatty derivatives serve as cues for awareness of dietary fats? Biomed Res 2023; 44:127-146. [PMID: 37544735 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.44.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Fat (triglycerides) consumption is critical for the survival of animals, including humans. Being able to smell fat can be advantageous in judging food value. However, fat has poor volatility; thus, olfaction of fat seems impossible. What about fatty acids that comprise fat? Humans smell and discriminate medium-chain fatty acids. However, no conclusive evidence has been provided for the olfactory sense of long-chain fatty acids, including essential acids such as linoleic acid (LA). Instead, humans likely perceive the presence of essential fatty acids through the olfaction of volatile compounds generated by their oxidative breakdown (e.g., hexanal and γ-decalactone). For some people, such scents are pleasing, especially when they come from fruit. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether the olfaction of these volatiles leads to the recognition of fat per se. Nowadays, people often smell LA-borne aldehydes such as E,E-2,4-decadienal that occur appreciably, for example, from edible oils during deep frying, and are pronely captivated by their characteristic "fatty" note, which can be considered a "pseudo-perception" of fat. However, our preference for such LA-borne aldehyde odors may be a potential cause behind the modern overdose of n-6 fatty acids. This review aims to provide a view of whether and, if any, how we olfactorily perceive dietary fats and raises future purposes related to human fat olfaction, such as investigating sub-olfactory systems for detecting long-chain fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Tsuzuki
- Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University
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19
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Berk KA, Borgeraas H, Narverud I, Mulder MT, Øyri LKL, Verhoeven AJM, Småstuen MC, Bogsrud MP, Omland T, Hertel JK, Gjevestad E, Nordstrand N, Holven KB, Hjelmesæth J. Differential effects of bariatric surgery and lifestyle interventions on plasma levels of Lp(a) and fatty acids. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:145. [PMID: 36577984 PMCID: PMC9795629 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01756-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited evidence suggests that surgical and non-surgical obesity treatment differentially influence plasma Lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels. Further, a novel association between plasma arachidonic acid and Lp(a) has recently been shown, suggesting that fatty acids are a possible target to influence Lp(a). Here, the effects of bariatric surgery and lifestyle interventions on plasma levels of Lp(a) were compared, and it was examined whether the effects were mediated by changes in plasma fatty acid (FA) levels. METHODS The study includes two independent trials of patients with overweight or obesity. Trial 1: Two-armed intervention study including 82 patients who underwent a 7-week low energy diet (LED), followed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and 52-week follow-up (surgery-group), and 77 patients who underwent a 59-week energy restricted diet- and exercise-program (lifestyle-group). Trial 2: A clinical study including 134 patients who underwent a 20-week very-LED/LED (lifestyle-cohort). RESULTS In the surgery-group, Lp(a) levels [median (interquartile range)] tended to increase in the pre-surgical LED-phase [17(7-68)-21(7-81)nmol/L, P = 0.05], but decreased by 48% after surgery [21(7-81)-11(7-56)nmol/L, P < 0.001]. In the lifestyle-group and lifestyle-cohort, Lp(a) increased by 36%[14(7-77)-19(7-94)nmol/L, P < 0.001] and 14%[50(14-160)-57(19-208)nmol/L, P < 0.001], respectively. Changes in Lp(a) were independent of weight loss. Plasma levels of total saturated FAs remained unchanged after surgery, but decreased after lifestyle interventions. Arachidonic acid and total n-3 FAs decreased after surgery, but increased after lifestyle interventions. Plasma FAs did not mediate the effects on Lp(a). CONCLUSION Bariatric surgery reduced, whereas lifestyle interventions increased plasma Lp(a), independent of weight loss. The interventions differentially influenced changes in plasma FAs, but these changes did not mediate changes in Lp(a). TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial 1: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT00626964. Trial 2: Netherlands Trial Register NL2140 (NTR2264).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Berk
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands ,grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Dietetics, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Erasmus University MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Heidi Borgeraas
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Ingunn Narverud
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Norwegian National Advisory Unit On Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monique T. Mulder
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Linn K. L. Øyri
- grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Adrie J. M. Verhoeven
- grid.5645.2000000040459992XDepartment of Internal Medicine, Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway ,grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Nutrition and Management, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin P. Bogsrud
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921K.G. Jebsen Center of Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jens Kristoffer Hertel
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Espen Gjevestad
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway ,grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Stavern, Norway ,grid.446099.60000 0004 0448 0013Norwegian Police University College, Stavern, Norway
| | - Njord Nordstrand
- grid.411279.80000 0000 9637 455XDepartment of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Kirsten B. Holven
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Norwegian National Advisory Unit On Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jøran Hjelmesæth
- grid.417292.b0000 0004 0627 3659Morbid Obesity Center, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Whole Blood Fatty Acid Profiles of Cold-Stunned Juvenile Green, Kemp’s Ridley, and Loggerhead Sea Turtles. JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL GARDENS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jzbg4010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
When subjected to cold environmental temperatures, cheloniid sea turtles can experience debilitating lethargy, anorexia, and potential mortality in a phenomenon known as cold-stunning. Every year, hundreds to thousands of cold-stunned sea turtles are transported to rehabilitation centers for medical and nutritional care. The objective of this study was to investigate one aspect of nutritional status in cold-stunned sea turtles: fatty acid profiles. Blood was collected from eleven green (Chelonia mydas), twelve Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii), and three loggerhead (Caretta caretta) juvenile sea turtles found cold-stunned along the coast of North Carolina, USA. Whole blood (~160 µL) was dried onto specialized paper spot cards, frozen, and subsequently analyzed via gas chromatography to quantify fatty acid percentages. Significant differences among species were identified for 19 out of 36 individual fatty acids analyzed and six out of seven fatty acid groups evaluated (P < 0.5). The whole blood fatty acid profiles of cold-stunned green and Kemp’s ridley sea turtles were similar to prior published profiles of healthy conspecifics. Marginal numerical differences noted upon visual comparison included that cold-stunned sea turtles had lower proportions of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and monoenes and higher proportions of total saturated fatty acids relative to healthy conspecifics. These differences may reflect acute impacts of cold-stunning on circulating plasma fatty acids or may be the result of natural seasonal variations. These data provide practical information to aid in the diet design of sea turtles in rehabilitation settings.
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21
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Rouch L, Virecoulon Giudici K, Cantet C, Guyonnet S, Delrieu J, Legrand P, Catheline D, Andrieu S, Weiner M, de Souto Barreto P, Vellas B. Associations of erythrocyte omega-3 fatty acids with cognition, brain imaging and biomarkers in the Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: cross-sectional and longitudinal retrospective analyses. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1492-1506. [PMID: 36253968 PMCID: PMC9761759 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs and cognition, brain imaging and biomarkers is still not fully established. OBJECTIVES The aim was to analyze the cross-sectional and retrospective longitudinal associations between erythrocyte ω-3 index and cognition, brain imaging, and biomarkers among older adults. METHODS A total of 832 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3 (ADNI-3) participants, with a mean (SD) age of 74.0 (7.9) y, 50.8% female, 55.9% cognitively normal, 32.7% with mild cognitive impairment, and 11.4% with Alzheimer disease (AD) were included. A low ω-3 index (%EPA + %DHA) was defined as the lowest quartile (≤3.70%). Cognitive tests [composite score, AD Assessment Scale Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS), Trail Making Test, Category Fluency, Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment] and brain variables [hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), positron emission tomography (PET) amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau] were considered as outcomes in regression models. RESULTS Low ω-3 index was not associated with cognition, hippocampal, and WMH volume or brain Aβ and tau after adjustment for demographics, ApoEε4, cardiovascular disease, BMI, and total intracranial volume in the cross-sectional analysis. In the retrospective analysis, low ω-3 index was associated with greater Aβ accumulation (adjusted β = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03; P = 0.003). The composite cognitive score did not differ between groups; however, low ω-3 index was significantly associated with greater WMS-delayed recall cognitive decline (adjusted β = -1.18; 95% CI: -2.16, -0.19; P = 0.019), but unexpectedly lower total ADAS-Cog cognitive decline. Low ω-3 index was cross-sectionally associated with lower WMS performance (adjusted β = -1.81, SE = 0.73, P = 0.014) and higher tau accumulation among ApoE ε4 carriers. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinally, low ω-3 index was associated with greater Aβ accumulation and WMS cognitive decline but unexpectedly with lower total ADAS-Cog cognitive decline. Although no associations were cross-sectionally found in the whole population, low ω-3 index was associated with lower WMS cognition and higher tau accumulation among ApoE ε4 carriers. The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00106899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Rouch
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
| | | | - Christelle Cantet
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
- CERPOP Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1295, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Delrieu
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
- CERPOP Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1295, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse NeuroImaging Center, Université de Toulouse, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Legrand
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Institut Agro, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Daniel Catheline
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Institut Agro, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Sandrine Andrieu
- CERPOP Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1295, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Michael Weiner
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
- CERPOP Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1295, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole of Toulouse, Institute of Ageing, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, Franc
- CERPOP Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en Santé des Populations, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale 1295, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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22
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Liu X, Chen L, Fei Z, Zhao SK, Zhu Y, Xia T, Dai J, Rahman ML, Wu J, Weir NL, Tsai MY, Zhang C. Physical activity and individual plasma phospholipid SFAs in pregnancy: a longitudinal study in a multiracial/multiethnic cohort in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:1729-1737. [PMID: 36373403 PMCID: PMC9761740 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating individual SFAs in pregnant females are critical for maternal and fetal health. However, research on identifying their modifiable factors is limited. OBJECTIVES We aimed to examine the associations of total physical activity (PA) and types of PA with circulating individual SFAs during pregnancy in a multiracial/multiethnic cohort of pregnant females in the United States. METHODS The study included participants in a nested case-control study (n = 321) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singleton Cohort. Sampling weights were applied, so the results represented the entire Fetal Growth Cohort. Plasma phospholipid SFAs were measured at 4 visits [10-14 (visit 1), 15-26 (visit 2), 23-31 (visit 3), and 33-39 (visit 4) weeks of gestation] throughout pregnancy. PA of the previous year at visit 1 and since the previous visit at the subsequent visits was assessed using the validated Pregnancy PA Questionnaire. Time-specific and longitudinal associations were examined using multivariable linear and generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS Total PA (metabolic equivalent of task-h/wk) was positively associated with circulating heptadecanoic acid (17:0) at visit 1 (β × 103: 0.07; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.11) and pentadecanoic acid (15:0) at visit 3 (β × 103: 0.09; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.14) independent of sociodemographic, reproductive, pregnancy, and dietary factors. Across the 4 visits, the positive associations with total PA were consistent for pentadecanoic acid (β × 103: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.10) and heptadecanoic acid (β × 103: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.14). Out of the 4 PA types (i.e., sports/exercise, household/caregiving, transportation, and occupational PA) considered, the magnitude of positive associations was the largest for sports/exercise PA. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maternal PA is positively associated with circulating pentadecanoic and heptadecanoic acids. The findings warrant confirmation by future studies.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00912132.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Fei
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sifang K Zhao
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Tong Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mohammad L Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jing Wu
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Natalie L Weir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Global Center for Asian Women's Health, Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity & Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhang Z, Jiang Y, Li X, Shi D, Ma T, Zhou R, Zhang C. Association of dietary n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with breast cancer risk: Serial mediating roles of erythrocyte n - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Front Nutr 2022; 9:990755. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.990755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDietary n– 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were found to be inversely associated with breast cancer risk; however, the underlying pathways between them remain uncertain. We aimed to explore serial mediatory roles of erythrocyte n– 3 PUFAs in association between dietary n– 3 PUFAs and breast cancer risk.Materials and methodsUsing a case-control study, 850 cases and 861 controls completed structured questionnaires with dietary information. Erythrocyte n– 3 PUFAs were measured by gas chromatography. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using multiple unconditional logistic regression models to examine association between dietary n– 3 PUFAs and breast cancer risk. Mediation analyses with bootstrapping were conducted to investigate indirect effects.ResultsHigher intake of dietary ALA, long-chain n– 3 PUFAs and total n– 3 PUFAs was associated with lower risk of breast cancer. The adjusted ORtertile 3 v.1 (95% CI) was 0.70 (0.55, 0.90) for ALA, 0.76 (0.60, 0.97) for long-chain n– 3 PUFAs and 0.74 (0.58, 0.94) for total n– 3 PUFAs, respectively. Mediation analysis showed that erythrocyte long-chain n– 3 PUFAs served as sequential mediators in the relationship between dietary long-chain or total n– 3 PUFAs and breast cancer risk. In particular, erythrocyte long-chain n– 3 PUFAs completely mediated the association between dietary long-chain n– 3 PUFAs and breast cancer risk [indirect effect (95% CI) = –0.982 (–1.529, –0.508)]. The relationship between dietary total n– 3 PUFAs and breast cancer risk was partly mediated by erythrocyte long-chain n– 3 PUFAs [indirect effect (95% CI) = –0.107 (–0.216, –0.014)], accounting for 19.31%. However, the serial mediation model in dietary ALA and risk of breast cancer was not statistically significant [indirect effect (95% CI) = –0.042 (–0.144, 0.049)].ConclusionThis study highlights the complexity and inaccuracy in using a simple analysis of individual dietary n– 3 PUFAs to examine their associations with breast cancer risk without considering the variety of metabolic processes. Interventions aimed at increasing erythrocyte long-chain n– 3 PUFAs may represent a promising strategy for breast cancer prevention.
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Hu L, Zeng X, Yang K, Peng H, Chen J. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids improve depression-like behavior by inhibiting hippocampal neuroinflammation in mice via reducing TLR4 expression. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e707. [PMID: 36301036 PMCID: PMC9552990 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of many inflammation-related diseases, including depression. METHODS The mouse model of depression was established through chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), the mice were intervened with n-3 PUFAs, and then the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) was stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST) and sucrose preference test were performed to monitor the depression behavior of mice. Microglia activation was detected by Iba1 immunofluorescence, and neuronal injury was detected by Nissl staining. Concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in the hippocampus were assessed via enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α messenger RNA levels. Western blot was utilized for detection of TLR4 protein expression. RESULTS CUMS significantly reduced the sucrose preference in mice, while increased the immobility time in FST and TST. Moreover, CUMS significantly aggravated microglia activation and neuronal damage in mice and increased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in hippocampal tissues, however, intervention with n-3 PUFAs could improve the above effects. Further, the increased TLR4 induced by LPS partially reversed the inhibition of n-3 PUFAs on depression-like behaviors, microglial activation and inflammatory injury of hippocampal neurons. CONCLUSION n-3 PUFAs may ameliorate depression-like behaviors via reducing hippocampal neuroinflammation in CUMS-induced mice by regulating TLR4 expression, suggesting that n-3 PUFAs may be an effective antidepressant, which provides evidence for future treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hu
- Department of Sleep Disorders and NeurosesBrain Hospital of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Xianxiang Zeng
- Department of Sleep Disorders and NeurosesBrain Hospital of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Sleep Disorders and NeurosesBrain Hospital of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Hongli Peng
- Department of Clinlical PsychologyBrain Hospital of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Department of Sleep Disorders and NeurosesBrain Hospital of Hunan ProvinceChangshaHunan ProvinceChina
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Diaz JN, Dulience SJL, Wolthausen N, Jiang X, Gyimah E, Marhône Pierre FJ, Kuhlmann FM, Iannotti LL. Choline, DHA, and Diarrheal Disease Associated with Growth Faltering in a Case-Control Study. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac140. [PMID: 36204326 PMCID: PMC9529221 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with recurrent infectious diarrhea are susceptible to growth faltering. DHA and choline may play a role in this relationship due to their involvement in lipid metabolism, gut immunity, and inflammatory pathways. Objectives This study aimed to characterize the contributions made by DHA and choline status and enteric damage in young children in the association between diarrheal illness and child growth. Methods A longitudinal case-control study was conducted among children aged 6-36 mo (N = 195) in Cap-Haitien, Haiti. Mother-child dyads were recruited from community health posts and outpatient clinics. Cases were defined as children experiencing acute diarrhea within the last 3 d and matched to healthy controls. Child anthropometry, dietary intake, and blood and stool samples were collected at baseline and follow-up. Plasma DHA, choline, and betaine were determined by LC-MS/MS methods (n = 49) and intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) by ELISA (n = 183). Multivariate regression models were applied with mediation analyses to examine associations and adjust for confounding factors. Results At baseline, mean plasma DHA concentrations (1.03 µg/mL; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.15) were not significantly different between cases and controls, nor was there a difference in mean plasma choline concentrations (4.5 µg/mL; 95% CI: 3.8, 5.1). Mean plasma I-FABP concentrations were significantly higher at follow-up in cases (3.34; 95% CI: 3.28, 3.40) than controls (3.20; 95% CI: 3.13, 3.27; P = 0.002). In adjusted multilinear regression models, higher plasma DHA concentrations at follow-up were associated with a negative change in weight-age z score (P = 0.016), and follow-up I-FABP was inversely associated with height-age z score (P = 0.035). No interaction or mediation effects were found. Conclusions I-FABP concentrations were significantly higher in cases as compared with controls at follow-up, suggesting ongoing enteric damage and increased risk for malnutrition. Plasma DHA and I-FABP may have a role in childhood growth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna N Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Noah Wolthausen
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Xuntian Jiang
- Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease Center, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Emmanuel Gyimah
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Francesca J Marhône Pierre
- Unité de Coordination du Programme National d'Alimentation et de Nutrition, Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - F Matthew Kuhlmann
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lora L Iannotti
- Brown School, Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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Sun L, Du H, Zong G, Guo Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Yin H, Pei P, Yang L, Chu Q, Yu C, Li Y, Lv J, Zheng H, Zhou P, Chen J, Li L, Chen Z, Lin X. Associations of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids with incidence of stroke and stroke types in adult Chinese: a prospective study of over 8000 individuals. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3235-3246. [PMID: 35445833 PMCID: PMC9363313 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is limited and inconsistent evidence about the relationships of erythrocyte polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with stroke and stroke types, particularly in China where the stroke rates are high. We aimed to investigate the associations of different erythrocyte PUFAs with incidence of total stroke, ischemic stroke (IS), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in Chinese adults. METHODS In the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank, erythrocyte PUFAs were measured using gas chromatography in 10,563 participants who attended 2013-14 resurvey. After a mean follow-up of 3.8 years, 412 incident stroke cases (342 IS, 53 ICH) were recorded among 8,159 participants without prior vascular diseases or diabetes. Cox regression yielded adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for stroke associated with 13 PUFAs. RESULTS Overall, the mean body mass index was 24.0 (3.4) kg/m2 and the mean age was 58.1 (9.9) years. In multivariable analyses, 18:2n-6 was positively associated with ICH (HR = 2.33 [95% CIs 1.41, 3.82] for top versus bottom quintile, Ptrend = 0.007), but inversely associated with IS (0.69 [0.53,0.90], Ptrend = 0.027), while 20:3n-6 was positively associated with risk of IS (1.64 [1.32,2.04], Ptrend < 0.001), but not with ICH. Inverted-U shape curve associations were observed of 20:5n-3 with IS (Pnonlinear = 0.002) and total stroke (Pnonlinear = 0.008), with a threshold at 0.70%. After further adjustment for conventional CVD risk factors and dietary factors, these associations remained similar. CONCLUSION Among relatively lean Chinese adults, erythrocyte PUFAs 18:2n-6, 20:3n-6 and 20:5n-3 showed different associations with risks of IS and ICH. These results would improve the understanding of stroke etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Huaidong Du
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Geng Zong
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yiping Chen
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Pei Pei
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Yang
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Qianqian Chu
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Canqing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yixue Li
- Bio-Med Big Data Center, Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - He Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Puchen Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Junshi Chen
- China National Centre for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, Big Data Institute Building, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Xu Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yue-yang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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Geographic variations and determinants of EPA plus DHA and EPA alone in pregnant and lactating women from China. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:733-743. [PMID: 34526160 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
EPA and DHA are essential for maternal and fetal health, but epidemiological data are sparse in China. We examined the trends of EPA alone and a combination of EPA plus DHA in pregnant and lactating women in three distinct geographic regions in China and explored their potential influencing factors. A total of 1015 healthy women during mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy or lactation were recruited from Weihai (coastland), Yueyang (lakeland) and Baotou (inland) cities of China between May and July of 2014. Maternal EPA and DHA concentrations (percentage of total fatty acids) in plasma and erythrocytes were measured by capillary GC. Adjusted EPA plus DHA concentrations in both plasma and erythrocytes significantly declined from mid-pregnancy (2·92 %, 6·95 %) to late pregnancy (2·20 %, 6·42 %) and lactation (2·40 %, 6·29 %) (Ptrend < 0·001); and both concentrations were highest in coastland, followed by lakeland, and lowest in inland (P < 0·001). Regarding EPA alone, the concentrations were higher in women during lactation or late pregnancy and in women in coastland and inland areas. Moreover, concentrations of EPA or EPA plus DHA were higher in women with older age, higher education, higher annual family income per capita and higher dietary intake of marine aquatic product and mutton. In lactating women, erythrocyte EPA concentration was higher in those having breast-feeding partially v. exclusively. In conclusion, maternal plasma and erythrocyte concentrations of EPA plus DHA or EPA alone differed with geographic regions, physiological periods and maternal characteristics, indicating a need of population-specific health strategies to improve fatty acids status in pregnant and lactating women.
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Li Z, Lei H, Jiang H, Fan Y, Shi J, Li C, Chen F, Mi B, Ma M, Lin J, Ma L. Saturated fatty acid biomarkers and risk of cardiometabolic diseases: A meta-analysis of prospective studies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:963471. [PMID: 36046138 PMCID: PMC9421298 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.963471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Evidence regarding associations of circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) with chronic diseases is mixed. The objective of this study was to determine the associations between total or individual SFA biomarkers and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Methods Four electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2022. Three investigators independently assessed for inclusion and extracted data. Random-effects or fixed-effects models was used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association of total or individual SFA biomarkers, including even-chain SFAs (e.g., 14:0, myristic acid; 16:0, palmitic acid; 18:0, stearic acid), odd-chain SFAs (e.g., 15:0, pentadecanoic acid; 17:0, margaric acid) and very-long-chain SFAs (VLCSFAs; e.g., 20:0, arachidic acid; 22:0, behenic acid; 24:0, lignoceric acid), with risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease [CVD; coronary heart disease (CHD) inclusive of stroke], CHD and stroke. Results A total of 49 prospective studies reported in 45 articles were included. Higher concentration of circulating total SFAs was associated with an increasing risk of cardiometabolic diseases, the risk increased significantly by 50% for CVD (95%CI:1.31-1.71), 63% for CHD (95%CI:1.38-1.94), 38% for stroke (95%CI:1.05-1.82), respectively. Similarly, levels of even-chain SFAs were positively associated with higher risk of chronic diseases, with RRs ranging from 1.15 to 1.43. In contrast, the risk of cardiometabolic diseases was reduced with increasing odd-chain SFA levels, with RRs ranging from 0.62 to 0.91. A higher level of VLCSFAs corresponded to 19% reduction in CVD. Further dose-response analysis indicated that each 50% increment in percentage of total SFAs in circulating was associated with an 8% higher risk of T2D (RR: 1.08, 95%CI: 1.02-1.14) and trends toward higher risk of CVD (RR: 1.15, 95%CI: 0.98-1.34). Inverse linear relationships were observed between 17:0 biomarker and T2D or CVD risk. Conclusion Our findings support the current recommendations of reducing intake of saturated fat as part of healthy dietary patterns. Further studies are needed to confirm our findings on these SFAs in relation to cardiometabolic outcomes and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022329182], identifier [CRD42022329182].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqing Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Haoyuan Lei
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Yahui Fan
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jia Shi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangyao Chen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Baibing Mi
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Mao Ma
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education of China, Xi'an, China
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Roles of Palmitoleic Acid and Its Positional Isomers, Hypogeic and Sapienic Acids, in Inflammation, Metabolic Diseases and Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142146. [PMID: 35883589 PMCID: PMC9319324 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, the monounsaturated hexadecenoic fatty acids are being increasingly considered as biomarkers of health with key functions in physiology and pathophysiology. Palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7) and sapienic acid (16:1n-10) are synthesized from palmitic acid by the action of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and fatty acid desaturase 2, respectively. A third positional isomer, hypogeic acid (16:1n-9) is produced from the partial β-oxidation of oleic acid. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge of the effects of palmitoleic acid and, where available, sapienic acid and hypogeic acid, on metabolic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. The results have shown diverse effects among studies in cell lines, animal models and humans. Palmitoleic acid was described as a lipokine able to regulate different metabolic processes such as an increase in insulin sensitivity in muscle, β cell proliferation, prevention of endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipogenic activity in white adipocytes. Numerous beneficial effects have been attributed to palmitoleic acid, both in mouse models and in cell lines. However, its role in humans is not fully understood, and is sometimes controversial. Regarding sapienic acid and hypogeic acid, studies on their biological effects are still scarce, but accumulating evidence suggests that they also play important roles in metabolic regulation. The multiplicity of effects reported for palmitoleic acid and the compartmentalized manner in which they often occur, may suggest the overlapping actions of multiple isomers being present at the same or neighboring locations.
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Li M, Gao Y, Wang D, Hu X, Jiang J, Qing Y, Yang X, Cui G, Wang P, Zhang J, Sun L, Wan C. Impaired Membrane Lipid Homeostasis in Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:1125-1135. [PMID: 35751100 PMCID: PMC9434453 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Multiple lines of clinical, biochemical, and genetic evidence suggest that disturbances of membrane lipids and their metabolism are probably involved in the etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Lipids in the membrane are essential to neural development and brain function, however, their role in SCZ remains largely unexplored. STUDY DESIGN Here we investigated the lipidome of the erythrocyte membrane of 80 patients with SCZ and 40 healthy controls using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Based on the membrane lipids profiling, we explored the potential mechanism of membrane phospholipids metabolism. STUDY RESULTS By comparing 812 quantified lipids, we found that in SCZ, membrane phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylethanolamines, especially the plasmalogen, were significantly decreased. In addition, the total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the membrane of SCZ were significantly reduced, resulting in a decrease in membrane fluidity. The accumulation of membrane oxidized lipids and the level of peripheral lipid peroxides increased, suggesting an elevated level of oxidative stress in SCZ. Further study of membrane-phospholipid-remodeling genes showed that activation of PLA2s and LPCATs expression in patients, supporting the imbalance of unsaturated and saturated fatty acyl remodeling in phospholipids of SCZ patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the mechanism of impaired membrane lipid homeostasis is related to the activated phospholipid remodeling caused by excessive oxidative stress in SCZ. Disordered membrane lipids found in this study may reflect the membrane dysfunction in the central nervous system and impact neurotransmitter transmission in patients with SCZ, providing new evidence for the membrane lipids hypothesis of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Li
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Qing
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuhan Yang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoping Cui
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengkun Wang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liya Sun
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China, tel: +86-021-62822491, fax: +86-021-62932059, e-mail: (C.W.), (L.S.)
| | - Chunling Wan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China, tel: +86-021-62822491, fax: +86-021-62932059, e-mail: (C.W.), (L.S.)
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Cao K, Liu Y, Liang N, Shen X, Li R, Yin H, Xiang L. Fatty Acid Profiling in Facial Sebum and Erythrocytes From Adult Patients With Moderate Acne. Front Physiol 2022; 13:921866. [PMID: 35800343 PMCID: PMC9253609 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.921866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) metabolism has been involved in acne vulgaris, a common inflammatory skin disease frequently observed in adolescents and adults, but it remains poorly defined whether the distributions or location of FA in facial sebum and those in the circulation differentially correlate with the disease. In a cohort of 47 moderate acne patients and 40 controls, sebum samples from forehead and chin areas were collected using Sebutape adhesive patches, and erythrocytes were separated from the fasting blood. Total FAs were analyzed by the gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry method. Compared to control female subjects, female patients showed increased levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) from both facial areas, whereas decreased levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from chin areas were observed. Interestingly, the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the circulating erythrocytes were significantly decreased in male patients compared with control. In addition, DHA levels in erythrocytes were positively correlated with PUFAs from sebum only in male subjects. Furthermore, female patients with moderate acne had more severe sebum abnormity and chin-specific FA profiles, consistent with higher acne incidences than males in adulthood, especially in the chin areas. Importantly, serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were positively correlated with SFAs and MUFAs from sebum only in male subjects. In summary, differential spatial FA distributions in facial sebum and correlation with those in erythrocytes and IGF1 levels in serum may shed some light on the pathology of acne in male and female adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningning Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyong Yin, ; Leihong Xiang,
| | - Leihong Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Huiyong Yin, ; Leihong Xiang,
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32
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Wei W, Zi T, Yang R, Xu J, Chen Y, Jiang X, Chu X, Yang X, Jiang W. A Newly Developed Indicator of Overeating Saturated Fat Based on Serum Fatty Acids and Amino Acids and Its Association With Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Evidence From Two Randomized Controlled Feeding Trials and a Prospective Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:897375. [PMID: 35774548 PMCID: PMC9237542 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.897375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hyper-caloric intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) is common in modern societies, probably contributing to the epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study conducted two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for developing a new indicator that can assess the nutritional status and examined its association with incidence of T2DM. Methods In RCT 1, healthy participants were randomly assigned into three groups, namely, control group (n = 40), overfeeding group 1 (100 g butter per day, n = 37), and overfeeding group 2 (120 g butter per day, n = 37). In RCT 2, healthy subjects were randomly assigned into two groups, namely, control group (n = 52) and high-fat group (300-extra kcal/day from diet that was designed by high-fat diet, n = 58). In the prospective cohort, 4,057 participants aged 20–74 years were enrolled and followed up over 5.3 years. Serum profiles of fatty acids and amino acids were measured. Results In RCT 1, serum fatty acids, including C14:0 and C18:0, increased, whereas C18:2, C20:4, C22:5, and C22:6 decreased; serum amino acids, including tyrosine, alanine, and aminobutyric acid, increased, whereas histidine and glycine decreased (p < 0.05). Among these serum fatty acids and amino acids, changes in C14:0, C20:4, tyrosine, histidine, and glycine were also observed in RCT 2. An indicator was developed based on the five fatty acids and amino acids, namely, C14:0 × tyrosine × 1,000/[C20:4 × (glycine + histidine)], and it significantly identified participants in the intervention group with area under the curve (AUC) (95% CI) being 0.85 (0.77–0.92). The indicator was significantly associated with incidence of T2DM in the prospective cohort with HRs (95% CIs) from bottom quartile to top quartile being 1,1.21 (0.82–1.77), 1.60 (1.12–2.30), 2.04 (1.42–2.94). Conclusion The newly developed indicator in RCTs can be used in assessing the nutritional status of hypercaloric intake of SFA and predicting the development of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Ministry of Education, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianqi Zi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruiming Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxu Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunyan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - XiTao Jiang
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Xia Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Yang,
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Wenbo Jiang,
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Duchaine CS, Fiocco AJ, Carmichael PH, Cunnane SC, Plourde M, Lampuré A, Allès B, Belleville S, Gaudreau P, Presse N, Ferland G, Laurin D. Serum ω-3 Fatty Acids and Cognitive Domains in Community-Dwelling Older Adults from the NuAge Study: Exploring the Associations with Other Fatty Acids and Sex. J Nutr 2022; 152:2117-2124. [PMID: 35575619 PMCID: PMC9445853 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs are suggested to play a role in the prevention of cognitive decline. The evidence may be inconsistent due to methodologic issues, including interrelations with other long-chain (14 or more carbons) fatty acids (LCFAs) and use of sex as a confounding factor rather than an effect modifier. OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the association between serum n-3 PUFAs and performance across 4 cognitive domains, overall and by sex, while controlling for other LCFAs. METHODS In total, 386 healthy older adults (aged 77.4 ± 3.8 y; 53% females) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging underwent a cognitive evaluation and blood sampling. Verbal and nonverbal episodic memory, executive functioning, and processing speed were evaluated. Serum LCFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography. LCFAs were grouped according to standard fatty acid classes and factor analysis using principal component analysis (FA-PCA). Multivariate linear regression models were performed, including unadjusted and adjusted models for other LCFAs. RESULTS Higher n-3 PUFA concentrations were associated with better nonverbal memory and processing speed in fully adjusted models not including other LCFAs (βs of 0.21 and 0.19, respectively). The magnitude of these associations varied when other LCFAs were entered in the model (βs of 0.27 and 0.32, respectively) or when FA-PCA factors were considered (βs of 0.27 and 0.21, respectively). Associations with verbal episodic memory were limited to higher concentrations of EPA, whereas there was no association between n-3 PUFAs and executive functioning. Higher n-3 PUFAs were associated with better verbal and nonverbal episodic memory in females and with better executive functioning and processing speed in males. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that other LCFAs should be considered when evaluating the association between n-3 PUFAs and cognitive performance in healthy older adults. Sex differences across cognitive domains warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Duchaine
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, VITAM-Centre de recherche en santé durable, CIUSSS-Capitale Nationale and Institut sur le vieillissement et la participation sociale des aînés, Quebec, Canada,Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Stephen C Cunnane
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélanie Plourde
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurélie Lampuré
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Équipe de recherche en épidémiologie nutritionnelle, UMR U1153 Inserm/U1125 INRAE/Cnam/Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, UFR SMBH, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierrette Gaudreau
- Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal Research Center and Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nancy Presse
- Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CIUSSS-de-l'Estrie-CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada,Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Ferland
- Montreal Heart Institute, Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Stanhiser J, Jukic AMZ, McConnaughey DR, Steiner AZ. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and fecundability. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1037-1046. [PMID: 35147198 PMCID: PMC9308390 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is self-reported use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements associated with fecundability, the probability of natural conception, in a given menstrual cycle? SUMMARY ANSWER Prospectively recorded omega-3 supplement use was associated with an increased probability of conceiving. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY In infertile women, omega-3 fatty acid intake has been associated with increased probability of pregnancy following IVF. In natural fertility, studies are conflicting, and no study of natural fertility has evaluated omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and fecundity. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Secondary data analysis of 900 women contributing 2510 cycles in Time to Conceive (TTC), a prospective, time to pregnancy cohort study from 2008 to December 2015. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women aged 30-44 years, trying to conceive <3 months, without history of infertility were followed using standardized pregnancy testing. While attempting to conceive, women daily recorded menstrual cycle events and supplement and medication intake using the Cerner Multum Drug Database. Supplements and vitamins containing omega-3 were identified. Omega-3 use, defined as use in at least 20% of days in a given menstrual cycle, in each pregnancy attempt cycle was determined. A discrete-time Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the fecundability ratio. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Women taking omega-3 supplementation were more likely to be younger, thinner, nulligravid, white and to take vitamin D, prenatal and multivitamins compared to women not taking omega-3s. After adjusting for age, obesity, race, previous pregnancy, vitamin D and prenatal and multivitamin use, women taking omega-3 supplements had 1.51 (95% CI 1.12, 2.04) times the probability of conceiving compared to women not taking omega-3s. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study was not a randomized controlled trial. The women who used omega-3 supplements may represent a more health-conscious population. We sought to address this by adjusting for multiple factors in our model. Additionally, the omega-3 fatty acid supplements that TTC participants used included multiple types and brands with varying dosages of omega-3 fatty acids. Women reported the type of supplement they were taking but not the concentration of omega-3s in that supplement. It is therefore not possible to compare dosing or a dose-response relationship in our study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Omega-3 supplementation may present a feasible and inexpensive modifiable factor to improve fertility. Randomized controlled trials are needed to further investigate the benefits of omega-3 supplementation for women trying to conceive naturally. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the NIH/NICHD (R21 HD060229-01 and R01 HD067683-01), and in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01ES103333). The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stanhiser
- Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Reproductive Partners—San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A M Z Jukic
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - A Z Steiner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Muralidharan J, Papandreou C, Soria-Florido MT, Sala-Vila A, Blanchart G, Estruch R, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Ros E, Ruiz-Canela M, Fito M, Salas-Salvadó J, Bulló M. Cross-Sectional Associations between HDL Structure or Function, Cell Membrane Fatty Acid Composition, and Inflammation in Elderly Adults. J Nutr 2022; 152:789-795. [PMID: 34637509 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell membrane fatty acid composition has been related to inflammation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Dysregulation of HDL function is also considered a CVD risk factor. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate whether the content of cell membrane fatty acids and HDL functionality are linked to each other as well as to inflammation. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis involved 259 participants (mean age: 67.9 y) with overweight/obesity (mean BMI: 29.5 kg/m2) from a coronary artery disease case-control study nested within the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) trial for which HDL functional parameters [apoA-I, apoA-IV, and apoC-III; cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC); HDL oxidative inflammatory index (HOII); sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P); serum amyloid A (SAA); and complement-3 (C3) protein] were quantified. We also assessed 22 fatty acids in blood cell membranes using GC and inflammatory markers (IFN-γ and IL-1b, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) in serum. Associations of HDL-related variables with cell membrane fatty acids and with inflammatory markers were assessed using multivariable linear regression analyses with elastic net penalty. RESULTS ApoA-I, apoC-III, CEC, HOII, S1P, and SAA, but not apoA-IV and C3 protein, were associated with membrane fatty acids. S1P and SAA were directly associated with IL-6, whereas apoA-I and C3 protein showed inverse associations with IL-6. Specific fatty acids including myristic acid (14:0) and long-chain n-6 fatty acids being negatively and positively associated with IL-8, respectively, were also found to be positively associated with SAA. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests interrelations between indicators of inflammation and both blood cell membrane fatty acid composition and HDL structure/functional parameters in a Mediterranean population at high CVD risk.This trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN35739639.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jananee Muralidharan
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Christopher Papandreou
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Maria T Soria-Florido
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Gemma Blanchart
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Estruch
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dolores Corella
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Emilio Ros
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Fatty Acid Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Montse Fito
- Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| | - Mònica Bulló
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain.,Pere Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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Matthan NR, Barger K, Wylie-Rosett J, Xue X, Groisman-Perelstein AE, Diamantis PM, Ginsberg M, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Lichtenstein AH. Spillover Effects of a Family-Based Childhood Weight-Management Intervention on Parental Nutrient Biomarkers and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzab152. [PMID: 35155982 PMCID: PMC8826936 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental involvement has been shown to favorably affect childhood weight-management interventions, but whether these interventions influence parental diet and cardiometabolic health outcomes is unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate whether a 1-y family-based childhood weight-management intervention altered parental nutrient biomarker concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). METHODS Secondary analysis from a randomized-controlled, parallel-arm clinical trial (NCT00851201). Families were recruited from a largely Hispanic population and assigned to either standard care (SC; American Academy of Pediatrics overweight/obesity recommendations) or SC + enhanced program (SC+EP; targeted diet/physical activity strategies, skill building, and monthly support sessions). Nutrient biomarkers (plasma carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins, RBC fatty acid profiles) and CMRFs (BMI, blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction markers, adipokines) were measured in archived samples collected from parents of participating children at baseline and end of the 1-y intervention. RESULTS Parents in both groups (SC = 106 and SC+EP = 99) had significant reductions in trans fatty acid (-14%) and increases in MUFA (2%), PUFA n-6 (ɷ-6) (2%), PUFA n-3 (7%), and β-carotene (20%) concentrations, indicative of lower partially hydrogenated fat and higher vegetable oil, fish, and fruit/vegetable intake, respectively. Significant reductions in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP; -21%) TNF-α (-19%), IL-6 (-19%), and triglycerides (-6%) were also observed in both groups. An additional significant improvement in serum insulin concentrations (-6%) was observed in the SC+EP parents. However, no major reductions in BMI or blood pressure and significant unfavorable trajectories in LDL-cholesterol and endothelial dysfunction markers [P-selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM), thrombomodulin] were observed. Higher carotenoid, MUFA, and PUFA (n-6 and n-3) and lower SFA and trans fatty acid concentrations were associated with improvements in circulating glucose and lipid measures, inflammatory markers, and adipokines. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of a family-based childhood weight-management intervention can spill over to parents, resulting in apparent healthier dietary shifts that are associated with modest improvements in some CMRFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupa R Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn Barger
- Biostatistics and Data Management Core Unit, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Judith Wylie-Rosett
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Pamela M Diamantis
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mindy Ginsberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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37
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Crawford SA, Christifano DN, Kerling EH, Gajewski BJ, Valentine CJ, Gustafson KM, Mathis NB, Camargo JT, Gibbs HD, Sullivan DK, Sands SA, Carlson SE. Validation of an abbreviated food frequency questionnaire for estimating DHA intake of pregnant women in the United States. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 177:102398. [PMID: 35063884 PMCID: PMC8825687 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) intake was estimated in pregnant women between 12- and 20-weeks' gestation using the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) Diet History Questionnaire-II (DHQ-II) and a 7-question screener designed to capture DHA intake (DHA Food Frequency Questionnaire, DHA-FFQ). Results from both methods were compared to red blood cell phospholipid DHA (RBC-DHA) weight percent of total fatty acids. DHA intake from the DHA-FFQ was more highly correlated with RBC-DHA (rs=0.528) than the DHQ-II (rs=0.352). Moreover, the DHA-FFQ allowed us to obtain reliable intake data from 1355 of 1400 participants. The DHQ-II provided reliable intake for only 847 of 1400, because many participants only partially completed it and it was not validated for Hispanic participants. Maternal age, parity, and socioeconomic status (SES) were also significant predictors of RBC-DHA. When included with estimated intake from the DHA-FFQ, the model accounted for 36% of the variation in RBC-DHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Crawford
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - D N Christifano
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America; The University of Kansas Medical Center, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - E H Kerling
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - B J Gajewski
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - C J Valentine
- Banner University Medical Center, The University of Arizona, Department of Pediatrics, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - K M Gustafson
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - N B Mathis
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - J T Camargo
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - H D Gibbs
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - D K Sullivan
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - S A Sands
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America
| | - S E Carlson
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Kansas City, KS, United States of America.
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Huang Z, Liu X, Li Z, Cui L, Liu C, Wang W, Hu Y, Chen B. The Associations of Erythrocyte Fatty Acids with Whole Blood Mineral Elements in Children. Nutrients 2022; 14:618. [PMID: 35276976 PMCID: PMC8838319 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Minerals play important biological roles in lipid metabolism. The primary aim of this study was to examine the relationships between erythrocyte fatty acids (FAs) levels with whole blood mineral elements concentrations among Chinese children. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 435 children aged 4−7 years were recruited. Whole blood mineral elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry and erythrocyte FAs composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Results. There were direct correlations between Zn and C18:2n-6 (FDR corrected p = 0.019), total n-6 PUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.034), and total PUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.034). Direct correlations were found between whole blood Zn and C18:1n-9 (FDR corrected p = 0.035), C24:1n-9 (FDR corrected p = 0.023), total MUFAs (FDR corrected p = 0.023), and C18:2n-6 (FDR corrected p = 0.048) in the Cu < P50 group. In the Cu ≥ P50 group, Mg was inversely related to most FAs (All FDR corrected p < 0.05). In the Zn < P50 group, Cu was directly related to C24:1n-9, total MUFAs, C20:5n-3, C22:6n-3, total n-3 PUFAs, C20:4n-6, total n-6 PUFAs, total PUFAs, and total FAs (All FDR corrected p < 0.05). Conclusions. Whole blood Cu and Zn levels were directly linked to several FAs levels in the erythrocytes of children. The interactions of Mg, Cu, and Zn with fatty acids may affect FA metabolism, in which Mg influences FA absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R & D of Hunan Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China
- School of Public Health and Laboratory, Hunan University of Medicine, Jinxi Road No. 492, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R & D of Hunan Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Ziming Li
- The Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha 410005, China; (Z.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Luwei Cui
- The Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha 410005, China; (Z.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Candi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R & D of Hunan Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Weifeng Wang
- The Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha 410005, China; (Z.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Yuming Hu
- The Department of Toxicology, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Furong Road No. 450, Changsha 410005, China; (Z.L.); (L.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Phytochemical R & D of Hunan Province, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China; (Z.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lu Mountain Road No. 286, Changsha 410081, China
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The Role of Macronutrients, Micronutrients and Flavonoid Polyphenols in the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030523. [PMID: 35276879 PMCID: PMC8839902 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is considered an age-related disorder of the skeletal system, characterized primarily by decreased bone mineral density (BMD), microstructural quality and an elevated risk of fragility fractures. This silent disease is increasingly becoming a global epidemic due to an aging population and longer life expectancy. It is known that nutrition and physical activity play an important role in skeletal health, both in achieving the highest BMD and in maintaining bone health. In this review, the role of macronutrients (proteins, lipids, carbohydrates), micronutrients (minerals—calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, as well as vitamins—D, C, K) and flavonoid polyphenols (quercetin, rutin, luteolin, kaempferol, naringin) which appear to be essential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, are characterized. Moreover, the importance of various naturally available nutrients, whether in the diet or in food supplements, is emphasized. In addition to pharmacotherapy, the basis of osteoporosis prevention is a healthy diet rich mainly in fruits, vegetables, seafood and fish oil supplements, specific dairy products, containing a sufficient amount of all aforementioned nutritional substances along with regular physical activity. The effect of diet alone in this context may depend on an individual’s genotype, gene-diet interactions or the composition and function of the gut microbiota.
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Red blood cell fatty acids and age-related macular degeneration in postmenopausal women. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:1585-1594. [PMID: 34988653 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02746-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between red blood cell (RBC) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels, and dietary PUFA and fish intake, with prevalent and incident age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a US cohort of postmenopausal women. METHODS This analysis included 1456 postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Clinical Trials. RBC PUFAs were measured from fasting serum samples collected at WHI baseline. Dietary PUFAs and fish intake were assessed via food frequency questionnaires at baseline. There were 240 women who had prevalent AMD and 138 who self-reported AMD development over 9.5 years. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for prevalent AMD by RBC PUFA levels, dietary PUFA intake, and frequency of fish consumption. Adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated for incident AMD. A p-for-trend was estimated for continuous measures of dietary PUFA and fish intake. RESULTS No significant association was found between prevalent or incident AMD and RBC docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), EPA, DHA, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), or arachidonic acid (AA). A positive association was found between dietary intake of AA and odds of prevalent AMD (p-for-trend for continuous AA intake = 0.02) and between intake of LA/ALA and incident AMD (p-for-trend for continuous ratio of LA/ALA intake = 0.03). No statistically significant associations were found between AMD and dietary intake of PUFAs or fish. CONCLUSIONS RBC PUFAs were not associated with AMD in this cohort. Overall, dietary analyses of PUFAs supported this, excepting dietary AA intake and intake of LA in proportion to ALA of which there were trends of increased risk.
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Chahouri A, Agnaou M, El Hanaoui M, Yacoubi B, Moukrim A, Banaoui A. Assessment of seasonal and spatial variation responses of integrated biomarkers in two marine sentinel bivalve species: Agadir Bay (Southern of Morocco). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113179. [PMID: 34844146 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the effects of contamination of the Agadir bay coasts using bivalves as a biomonitoring sentinel species. Seasonal variations of biochemical composition in terms of total protein content and oxidative stress biomarkers including glutathione-S-transferase, malondialdehyde, catalase and acetylcholinesterase were evaluated in the soft tissues of Scrobicularia plana and Donax trunculus specimens. The latter were collected from two sites in Agadir bay during two-year span (2018-2020). The Integrated Biomarker Response Index (IBR) was performed to classify the stress response in both species and to assess the level of exposure to xenobiotics. The data showed maximum annual values of acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde for Donax trunculus in Agadir beach (AG) with 6.25 nmol/mn/mg and 3 nmol/mg of protein, respectively. Those of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase for Scrobicularia plana in Oued Souss estuary (OS) were of 4.41 μmol/mn/mg and 14.43 nmol/mn/mg of protein, respectively. The studied species are considered good indicators in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chahouri
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Mustapha Agnaou
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Hanaoui
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Yacoubi
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | | | - Ali Banaoui
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Azab SM, de Souza RJ, Ly R, Teo KK, Atkinson SA, Morrison KM, Anand SS, Britz-McKibbin P. Non-esterified fatty acids as biomarkers of diet and glucose homeostasis in pregnancy: The impact of fatty acid reporting methods: NEFA reporting methods affect dietary and cardiometabolic endpoints. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 176:102378. [PMID: 34871861 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sparse data exists on the utility of individual serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) as clinical and dietary biomarkers and how reporting methods could affect these associations. We investigated the associations of 19 serum NEFAs expressed as µM or mol%, with self-reported dietary intake data, and cardiometabolic health indicators in pregnant women. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 273 pregnant women in their second trimester each completed a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire and provided fasting serum samples. Comprehensive serum NEFA analysis was performed by multisegment injection-nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry. We evaluated the associations of NEFAs using two different reporting methods, with diet quality, specific foods intake, and measures of adiposity and glucose homeostasis. RESULTS Consistently stronger dietary correlations were observed when expressed as mol%. Serum ω-3 NEFAs were associated with diet quality and fish/fish oil daily servings (DHA mol%, r= 0.37; p = 4.8e-10), and odd-chain NEFAs were associated with full-fat dairy intake (15:0 mol%, r = 0.23; p = 9.0e-5). Glucose intolerance was positively associated with odd chain NEFAs as expressed in µM (r = 0.21; p= 0.001) but inversely associated when expressed as mol% (r = -0.31; p= 2.2e-7). In contrast, monounsaturated NEFAs (µM and mol%) had robust positive associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, second trimester skin-fold thickness, glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, and glucose intolerance. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the utility of specific NEFAs and their sub-classes as viable dietary and clinical biomarkers when reported as their relative proportions. More research is needed to investigate inconsistencies between absolute concentrations and relative proportions when reporting fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandi M Azab
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacognosy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Russell J de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ritchie Ly
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Koon K Teo
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Katherine M Morrison
- Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Sonia S Anand
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Britz-McKibbin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Heath RJ, Wood TR. Why Have the Benefits of DHA Not Been Borne Out in the Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease? A Narrative Review Focused on DHA Metabolism and Adipose Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11826. [PMID: 34769257 PMCID: PMC8584218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid rich in seafood, is linked to Alzheimer's Disease via strong epidemiological and pre-clinical evidence, yet fish oil or other DHA supplementation has not consistently shown benefit to the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Furthermore, autopsy studies of Alzheimer's Disease brain show variable DHA status, demonstrating that the relationship between DHA and neurodegeneration is complex and not fully understood. Recently, it has been suggested that the forms of DHA in the diet and plasma have specific metabolic fates that may affect brain uptake; however, the effect of DHA form on brain uptake is less pronounced in studies of longer duration. One major confounder of studies relating dietary DHA and Alzheimer's Disease may be that adipose tissue acts as a long-term depot of DHA for the brain, but this is poorly understood in the context of neurodegeneration. Future work is required to develop biomarkers of brain DHA and better understand DHA-based therapies in the setting of altered brain DHA uptake to help determine whether brain DHA should remain an important target in the prevention of Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory J. Heath
- Emergency Medicine Department, Derriford Hospital, University Hospitals Plymouth, Plymouth PL6 8DH, UK;
| | - Thomas R. Wood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA
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Rivas Serna IM, Sitina M, Stokin GB, Medina-Inojosa JR, Lopez-Jimenez F, Gonzalez-Rivas JP, Vinciguerra M. Lipidomic Profiling Identifies Signatures of Poor Cardiovascular Health. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11110747. [PMID: 34822405 PMCID: PMC8624456 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11110747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is defined for the presence of ideal behavioral and health metrics known to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The association of circulatory phospho- and sphingo-lipids to primary reduction in cardiovascular risk is unclear. Our aim was to determine the association of CVH metrics with the circulating lipid profile of a population-based cohort. Serum sphingolipid and phospholipid species were extracted from 461 patients of the randomly selected prospective Kardiovize study based on Brno, Czech Republic. Lipids species were measured by a hyphenated mass spectrometry technique, and were associated with poor CVH scores, as defined by the American Heart Association. Phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) species were significantly lower in ideal and intermediate scores of health dietary metric, blood pressure, total cholesterol and blood fasting glucose compared to poor scores. Current smokers presented higher levels of PC, PE and LPE individual species compared to non-smokers. Ceramide (Cer) d18:1/14:0 was altered in poor blood pressure, total cholesterol and fasting blood glucose metrics. Poor cardiovascular health metric is associated with a specific phospho- and sphingolipid pattern. Circulatory lipid profiling is a potential biomarker to refine cardiovascular health status in primary prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Magaly Rivas Serna
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital, 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.M.R.S.); (M.S.); (G.B.S.); (J.P.G.-R.)
| | - Michal Sitina
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital, 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.M.R.S.); (M.S.); (G.B.S.); (J.P.G.-R.)
| | - Gorazd B. Stokin
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital, 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.M.R.S.); (M.S.); (G.B.S.); (J.P.G.-R.)
| | - Jose R. Medina-Inojosa
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (J.R.M.-I.); (F.L.-J.)
- Marriot Heart Disease Research Program, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (J.R.M.-I.); (F.L.-J.)
| | - Juan P. Gonzalez-Rivas
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital, 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.M.R.S.); (M.S.); (G.B.S.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St Anne’s University Hospital, 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; (I.M.R.S.); (M.S.); (G.B.S.); (J.P.G.-R.)
- Correspondence:
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Li Y, Shen H, Li Y, Bi M, Bi Y, Che X, Tian S, Liu Y. Sex-Specific Differences in the Associations Between Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese People. Front Nutr 2021; 8:739850. [PMID: 34746208 PMCID: PMC8568790 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.739850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Some evidence indicates a potential beneficial effect of omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFAs) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, the findings to date remains inconclusive and little is known about whether sex modifies these associations. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate potential sex-specific differences in this associations among Chinese adults. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in an area of Dalian city, China; Chinese men and women who attended the Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism between January and December 2020 were invited to participate in this study. All participants were assessed for basic demographic characteristics, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, and other serum biomarkers and serum phospholipid FAs. Results: In total, 575 Chinese adult participants (270 men and 305 women) were included in the analysis. Hypertension and dyslipidaemia were more common among men than women, but there were no significant differences between the sexes in fatty acid composition, except for eicosadienoic acid (EA; 20:2n-6) and total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The age-adjusted OR for having T2DM in the highest quartile of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) level was 0.47 (95% CI, 0.22, 0.98) in men, and this association remained consistently significant in the fully adjusted multivariate models. In contrast, no significant associations between n-6 PUFAs and T2DM risk were observed in women, regardless of model adjustment. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results demonstrate a notable sex-specific differences in the associations between n-6 PUFAs and T2DM. Higher n-6 PUFA status may be protective against the risk of T2DM in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yike Li
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Mei Bi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanhong Bi
- Department of Research, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyu Che
- Department of Research, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Simiao Tian
- Department of Research, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
| | - Yazhuo Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, China
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Deo P, Dhillon VS, Thomas P, Fenech M. The association of N ε-Carboxymethyllysine with polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids in healthy individuals. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:462-470. [PMID: 34628492 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids status is used as a biomarker of dietary intake of fats however, there is still a paucity of evidence regarding individual fatty acids and modulation of endogenous advanced glycation end-product (AGE) levels. Due to membrane PUFA being a well-known target for peroxidation, we hypothesized that cellular PUFAs are positively associated with circulatory N ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) that is also influenced by glyoxal (GO) levels in healthy cohorts. To test this, we investigated the association between RBC fatty acids and circulatory AGEs biomarkers in healthy individuals. The results showed a negative association between saturated fatty acids (SFA) and CML and stepwise multivariate regression analysis indicated stearic acid was negatively associated with CML levels (β = -0.200, p=0.008) after adjusting for age, BMI, and gender. In addition, stearic acid: palmitic acid ratio was also negatively correlated with plasma concentrations of CML (rp= -0.191, p = 0.012) and glucose (rp= -0.288, p = 0.0001). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) showed a positive association with CML levels particularly, docosapentaenoic acid, γ-Linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, and docosadienoic acid. However, these associations were not evident after the multiple regression analysis adjusted for age, BMI, and gender. A strong negative correlation (rp= -0.98, p< 0.0001) between total PUFA and total SFA was observed. Furthermore, the SFA:PUFA ratio was inversely correlated with CML (rp= -0.227, p< 0.003). Overall, this study indicates that different fats and their combinations may influence the formation of AGEs and that carefully controlled interventions are required to further test this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Permal Deo
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Varinderpal S Dhillon
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Philip Thomas
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, Australia.,Centre of Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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47
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The Fatty Acid-Based Erythrocyte Membrane Lipidome in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathy. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11092604. [PMID: 34573570 PMCID: PMC8469057 DOI: 10.3390/ani11092604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine chronic enteropathies (CEs) are inflammatory processes resulting from complex interplay between the mucosal immune system, intestinal microbiome, and dietary components in susceptible dogs. Fatty acids (FAs) play important roles in the regulation of physiologic and metabolic pathways and their role in inflammation seems to be dual, as they exhibit pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions. Analysis of red blood cell (RBC) membrane fatty acid profile represents a tool for assessing the quantity and quality of structural and functional molecular components. This study was aimed at comparing the FA membrane profile, determined by Gas Chromatography and relevant lipid parameter of 48 CE dogs compared with 68 healthy dogs. In CE patients, the levels of stearic (p < 0.0001), dihomo-gamma-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic (p = 0.02), and docosahexaenoic (p = 0.02) acids were significantly higher, and those of palmitic (p < 0.0001) and linoleic (p = 0.0006) acids were significantly lower. Non-responder dogs presented higher percentages of vaccenic acid (p = 0.007), compared to those of dogs that responded to diagnostic trials. These results suggest that lipidomic status may reflect the "gut health", and the non-invasive analysis of RBC membrane might have the potential to become a candidate biomarker in the evaluation of dogs affected by CE.
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48
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Bajželj B, Laguzzi F, Röös E. The role of fats in the transition to sustainable diets. Lancet Planet Health 2021; 5:e644-e653. [PMID: 34508684 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(21)00194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In comparison with protein, dietary fat receives little attention in the food system sustainability literature, although we calculate that the average consumption of fats in many populous regions of the world is below nutritional recommendations. Animal products are the major source of dietary fat, particularly in regions with excess fat consumption. We estimate that an additional 45 Mt of dietary fat per year need to be produced and consumed for the global population to reach recommended levels of fat consumption, and we review different strategies to fill this gap sustainably. These strategies include diverting oils currently used for energy production to human consumption, increasing palm oil and peanut oil yields while avoiding further deforestation, developing sustainable cropping systems for the production of rapeseed and soybean oils, increasing the consumption of whole soybeans and derived products, and expanding the use of animal fats already produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Bajželj
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Federica Laguzzi
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elin Röös
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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49
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Barnes S, Chowdhury S, Gatto NM, Fraser GE, Lee GJ. Omega-3 fatty acids are associated with blood-brain barrier integrity in a healthy aging population. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2273. [PMID: 34327870 PMCID: PMC8413753 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In aging populations, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been associated with better cognitive function, slower rates of cognitive decline, and lower risk of developing dementia. Animal studies have shown that diets rich in omega-3 PUFAs reduce blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption associated with aging, but this has yet to be observed in humans. Forty-five healthy subjects (mean age, 76 years) were recruited and underwent cognitive assessment (verbal learning and memory, language, processing speed, executive function, and motor control) and measurement of PUFAs. Forty of the same subjects also underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure BBB integrity (Ktrans using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI). The long chain omega-3 score (DHA+EPA) was negatively correlated with Ktrans values in the internal capsule, indicating higher omega-3 levels were associated with greater BBB integrity in this region (r = -0.525, p = .004). Trends were observed for a positive correlation between the long chain omega-3 score and both memory and language scores, but not with executive function, speed, or motor control. The omega-6 score was not significantly correlated with any cognitive scores or Ktrans values. The significant correlations between long chain omega-3 levels and BBB integrity provide a possible mechanism by which omega-3 PUFAs are associated with brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Barnes
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Shilpy Chowdhury
- Department of Radiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, USA.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Nicole M Gatto
- School of Community and Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California, USA
| | - Gary E Fraser
- Center for Nutrition, Healthy Lifestyle and Disease Prevention, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Grace J Lee
- Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA
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50
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Evaluating the Robustness of Biomarkers of Dairy Food Intake in a Free-Living Population Using Single- and Multi-Marker Approaches. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060395. [PMID: 34204298 PMCID: PMC8235731 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies examining associations between self-reported dairy intake and health are inconclusive, but biomarkers hold promise for elucidating such relationships by offering objective measures of dietary intake. Previous human intervention studies identified several biomarkers for dairy foods in blood and urine using non-targeted metabolomics. We evaluated the robustness of these biomarkers in a free-living cohort in the Netherlands using both single- and multi-marker approaches. Plasma and urine from 246 participants (54 ± 13 years) who completed a food frequency questionnaire were analyzed using liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The targeted metabolite panel included 37 previously-identified candidate biomarkers of milk, cheese, and/or yoghurt consumption. Associations between biomarkers and energy-adjusted dairy food intakes were assessed by a ‘single-marker’ generalized linear model, and stepwise regression was used to select the best ‘multi-marker’ panel. Multi-marker models that also accounted for common covariates better captured the subtle differences for milk (urinary galactose, galactitol; sex, body mass index, age) and cheese (plasma pentadecanoic acid, isoleucine, glutamic acid) over single-marker models. No significant associations were observed for yogurt. Further examination of other facets of validity of these biomarkers may improve estimates of dairy food intake in conjunction with self-reported methods, and help reach a clearer consensus on their health impacts.
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