1
|
Wang L, Dang QL. Elevated CO 2 and ammonium nitrogen promoted the plasticity of two maple in great lakes region by adjusting photosynthetic adaptation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1367535. [PMID: 38654907 PMCID: PMC11035798 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1367535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Climate change-related CO2 increases and different forms of nitrogen deposition are thought to affect the performance of plants, but their interactions have been poorly studied. Methods This study investigated the responses of photosynthesis and growth in two invasive maple species, amur maple (Acer ginnala Maxim.) and boxelder maple (Acer negundo L.), to elevated CO2 (400 µmol mol-1 (aCO2) vs. 800 µmol mol-1 (eCO2) and different forms of nitrogen fertilization (100% nitrate, 100% ammonium, and an equal mix of the two) with pot experiment under controlled conditions. Results and discussion The results showed that eCO2 significantly promoted photosynthesis, biomass, and stomatal conductance in both species. The biochemical limitation of photosynthesis was switched to RuBP regeneration (related to Jmax) under eCO2 from the Rubisco carboxylation limitation (related to Vcmax) under aCO2. Both species maximized carbon gain by lower specific leaf area and higher N concentration than control treatment, indicating robust morphological plasticity. Ammonium was not conducive to growth under aCO2, but it significantly promoted biomass and photosynthesis under eCO2. When nitrate was the sole nitrogen source, eCO2 significantly reduced N assimilation and growth. The total leaf N per tree was significantly higher in boxelder maple than in amur maple, while the carbon and nitrogen ratio was significantly lower in boxelder maple than in amur maple, suggesting that boxelder maple leaf litter may be more favorable for faster nutrient cycling. The results suggest that increases in ammonium under future elevated CO2 will enhance the plasticity and adaptation of the two maple species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, China
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Qing-Lai Dang
- Faculty of Natural Resources Management, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mohanasundaram B, Koley S, Allen DK, Pandey S. Physcomitrium patens response to elevated CO 2 is flexible and determined by an interaction between sugar and nitrogen availability. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1222-1235. [PMID: 37929754 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosses hold a unique position in plant evolution and are crucial for protecting natural, long-term carbon storage systems such as permafrost and bogs. Due to small stature, mosses grow close to the soil surface and are exposed to high levels of CO2 , produced by soil respiration. However, the impact of elevated CO2 (eCO2 ) levels on mosses remains underexplored. We determined the growth responses of the moss Physcomitrium patens to eCO2 in combination with different nitrogen levels and characterized the underlying physiological and metabolic changes. Three distinct growth characteristics, an early transition to caulonema, the development of longer, highly pigmented rhizoids, and increased biomass, define the phenotypic responses of P. patens to eCO2 . Elevated CO2 impacts growth by enhancing the level of a sugar signaling metabolite, T6P. The quantity and form of nitrogen source influences these metabolic and phenotypic changes. Under eCO2 , P. patens exhibits a diffused growth pattern in the presence of nitrate, but ammonium supplementation results in dense growth with tall gametophores, demonstrating high phenotypic plasticity under different environments. These results provide a framework for comparing the eCO2 responses of P. patens with other plant groups and provide crucial insights into moss growth that may benefit climate change models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Somnath Koley
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Doug K Allen
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, 63132, USA
- USDA-ARS, Saint Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Sona Pandey
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, Saint Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aroca A, García-Díaz I, García-Calderón M, Gotor C, Márquez AJ, Betti M. Photorespiration: regulation and new insights on the potential role of persulfidation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6023-6039. [PMID: 37486799 PMCID: PMC10575701 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photorespiration has been considered a 'futile' cycle in C3 plants, necessary to detoxify and recycle the metabolites generated by the oxygenating activity of Rubisco. However, several reports indicate that this metabolic route plays a fundamental role in plant metabolism and constitutes a very interesting research topic. Many open questions still remain with regard to photorespiration. One of these questions is how the photorespiratory process is regulated in plants and what factors contribute to this regulation. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the regulation of the photorespiratory pathway with a special focus on the transcriptional and post-translational regulation of photorespiration and the interconnections of this process with nitrogen and sulfur metabolism. Recent findings on sulfide signaling and protein persulfidation are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Aroca
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Inmaculada García-Díaz
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Margarita García-Calderón
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis (Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Américo Vespucio 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Antonio J Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marco Betti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Profesor García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vega-Mas I, Ascencio-Medina E, Bozal-Leorri A, González-Murua C, Marino D, González-Moro MB. Will crops with biological nitrification inhibition capacity be favored under future atmospheric CO 2? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1245427. [PMID: 37692431 PMCID: PMC10484480 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1245427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Izargi Vega-Mas
- *Correspondence: Izargi Vega-Mas, ; María Begoña González-Moro,
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carroll A, Fitzpatrick M, Hodge S. The Effects of Two Organic Soil Amendments, Biochar and Insect Frass Fertilizer, on Shoot Growth of Cereal Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1071. [PMID: 36903931 PMCID: PMC10004817 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate the environmental harm associated with high-input agriculture, arable farmers are increasingly required to maintain productivity while reducing inputs of synthetic fertilizers. Thus, a diverse range of organic products are now being investigated in terms of their value as alternative fertilizers and soil amendments. This study used a series of glasshouse trials to investigate the effects of an insect frass-based fertilizer derived from black soldier fly waste [HexaFrass™, Meath, Ireland] and biochar on four cereals grown in Ireland (barley, oats, triticale, spelt) as animal feed and for human consumption. In general, the application of low quantities of HexaFrass™ resulted in significant increases in shoot growth in all four cereal species, along with increased foliage concentrations of NPK and SPAD levels (a measure of chlorophyll density). These positive effects of HexaFrass™ on shoot growth were observed, however, only when a potting mix with low basal nutrients was used. Additionally, excessive application of HexaFrass™ resulted in reduced shoot growth and, in some cases, seedling mortality. The application of finely ground or crushed biochar produced from four different feedstocks (Ulex, Juncus, woodchip, olive stone) had no consistent positive or negative effects on cereal shoot growth. Overall, our results indicate that insect frass-based fertilizers have good potential in low-input, organic, or regenerative cereal production systems. Based on our results, biochar appears to have less potential as a plant growth promoting product, but could be used as a tool for lowering whole-farm carbon budgets by providing a simplistic means of storing carbon in farm soils.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gámez AL, Han X, Aranjuelo I. Differential Effect of Free-Air CO 2 Enrichment (FACE) in Different Organs and Growth Stages of Two Cultivars of Durum Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:686. [PMID: 36771770 PMCID: PMC9920850 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is a target crop within the food security context. The responses of wheat plants under elevated concentrations of CO2 (e[CO2]) have been previously studied; however, few of these studies have evaluated several organs at different phenological stages simultaneously under free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) conditions. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of e[CO2] in two cultivars of wheat (Triumph and Norin), analyzed at three phenological stages (elongation, anthesis, and maturation) and in different organs at each stage, under FACE conditions. Agronomic, biomass, physiological, and carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics were examined in both ambient CO2 (a[CO2]) fixed at 415 µmol mol-1 CO2 and e[CO2] at 550 µmol mol-1 CO2. We found minimal effect of e[CO2] compared to a[CO2] on agronomic and biomass parameters. Also, while exposure to 550 µmol mol-1 CO2 increased the photosynthetic rate of CO2 assimilation (An), the current study showed a diminishment in the maximum carboxylation (Vc,max) and maximum electron transport (Jmax) under e[CO2] conditions compared to a[CO2] at physiological level in both cultivars. However, even if no significant differences were detected between cultivars on photosynthetic machinery, differential responses between cultivars were detected in C and N dynamics at e[CO2]. Triumph showed starch accumulation in most organs during anthesis and maturation, but a decline in N content was observed. Contrastingly, in Norin, a decrease in starch content during the three stages and an increase in N content was observed. The amino acid content decreased in grain and shells at maturation in both cultivars, which might indicate a minimal translocation from source to sink organs. These results suggest a greater acclimation to e[CO2] enrichment in Triumph than Norin, because both the elongation stage and e[CO2] modified the source-sink relationship. According to the differences between cultivars, future studies should be performed to test genetic variation under FACE technology and explore the potential of cultivars to cope with projected climate scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angie L. Gámez
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC—Government of Navarre, 31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain
- NAFOSA Company, 31350 Peralta, Spain
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (IEDA, CAAS), Beijing 100081, China
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB), CSIC—Government of Navarre, 31192 Mutilva Baja, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gojon A, Cassan O, Bach L, Lejay L, Martin A. The decline of plant mineral nutrition under rising CO 2: physiological and molecular aspects of a bad deal. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:185-198. [PMID: 36336557 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The elevation of atmospheric CO2 concentration has a strong impact on the physiology of C3 plants, far beyond photosynthesis and C metabolism. In particular, it reduces the concentrations of most mineral nutrients in plant tissues, posing major threats on crop quality, nutrient cycles, and carbon sinks in terrestrial agro-ecosystems. The causes of the detrimental effect of high CO2 levels on plant mineral status are not understood. We provide an update on the main hypotheses and review the increasing evidence that, for nitrogen, this detrimental effect is associated with direct inhibition of key mechanisms of nitrogen uptake and assimilation. We also mention promising strategies for identifying genotypes that will maintain robust nutrient status in a future high-CO2 world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alain Gojon
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSiM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Océane Cassan
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSiM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Liên Bach
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSiM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurence Lejay
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSiM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Martin
- Institut des Sciences des Plantes de Montpellier (IPSiM), Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Agro, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Raven JA, Andrews M. Photon costs of shoot and root NO 3-, and root NH 4+, assimilation in terrestrial vascular plants considering associated pH regulation, osmotic and ontogenetic effects. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:127-137. [PMID: 36418758 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00975-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The photon costs of photoreduction/assimilation of nitrate (NO3-) into organic nitrogen in shoots and respiratory driven NO3- and NH4+ assimilation in roots are compared for terrestrial vascular plants, considering associated pH regulation, osmotic and ontogenetic effects. Different mechanisms of neutralisation of the hydroxyl (OH-) ion necessarily generated in shoot NO3- assimilation are considered. Photoreduction/assimilation of NO3- in shoots with malic acid synthesis and either accumulation of malate in leaf vacuoles or transport of malate to roots and catabolism there have a similar cost which is around 35% less than that for root NO3- assimilation and around 20% less than that for photoreduction/assimilation of NO3-, oxalate production and storage of Ca oxalate in leaf vacuoles. The photon cost of root NH4+ assimilation with H+ efflux to the root medium is around 70% less than that of root NO3- assimilation. These differences in photon cost must be considered in the context of the use of a combination of locations of NO3- assimilation and mechanisms of acid-base regulation, and a maximum of 4.9-9.1% of total photon absorption needed for growth and maintenance that is devoted to NO3- assimilation and acid-base regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Canterbury, 7647, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Thompson M, Okamoto M, Martin A, Seneweera S. Grain protein concentration at elevated [CO2] is determined by genotype dependent variations in nitrogen remobilisation and nitrogen utilisation efficiency in wheat. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:120-128. [PMID: 36228443 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Predictions for wheat grown under future climate conditions indicate a decline in grain protein concentration accompanied with an increase in yield due to increasing carbon dioxide concentrations. Currently, there is a lack of understanding as to the complete mechanism that governs the response of grain protein concentration (GPC) to elevated carbon dioxide (e[CO2]). We investigated the GPC of 18 wheat genotypes from a doubled haploid wheat population and the two parental genotypes, Kukri and RAC0875. In addition, other nitrogen and biomass related traits were analysed to further elucidate which traits are connected with the decline in GPC. Wheat was grown under ambient and elevated [CO2] in an environmentally controlled glasshouse. Plant nitrogen and biomass accumulation were measured at anthesis and maturity. We found that GPC declined under e[CO2] and that the response of GPC to e[CO2] was negatively correlated with nitrogen utilisation efficiency and harvest index. The extent that total biomass (anthesis), harvest index, photosynthesis, nitrogen utilisation and remobilisation efficiency, total nitrogen remobilisation and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake impacted GPC in response to e[CO2] varied across genotype, suggesting that multiple mechanisms are responsible for GPC decline at e[CO2] and that these mechanisms are effected differentially across genotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thompson
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia; Integrity Ag and Environment, Highfields, QLD, Australia
| | - Mamoru Okamoto
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Wheat in a Hot and Dry Climate, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anke Martin
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
| | - Saman Seneweera
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaya C, Ugurlar F, Farooq S, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Combined application of asparagine and thiourea improves tolerance to lead stress in wheat by modulating AsA-GSH cycle, lead detoxification and nitrogen metabolism. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 190:119-132. [PMID: 36113307 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), like other heavy metals, is not essentially required for optimal plant growth; however, plants uptake it from the soil, which poses an adverse effect on growth and yield. Asparagine (Asp) and thiourea (Thi) are known to assuage the negative impacts of heavy metal pollution on plant growth; however, combined application of Asp and Thi has rarely been tested to discern if it could improve wheat yield under Pb stress. Thus, this experimentation tested the role of individual and combined applications of Asp (40 mM) and Thi (400 mg/L) in improving wheat growth under lead (Pb as PbCl2, 0.1 mM) stress. Lead stress significantly reduced plant growth, chlorophyll contents and photosystem system II (PSII) efficiency, whereas it increased Pb accumulation in the leaves and roots, leaf proline contents, phytochelatins, and oxidative stress related attributes. The sole or combined application of Asp and Thi increased the vital antioxidant biomolecules/enzymes, including reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (AsA), ascorbate peroxsidase (APX), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR). Furthermore, the sole or the combined application of Asp and Thi modulated nitrogen metabolism by stimulating the activities of nitrate and nitrite reductase, glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamine synthetase (GS). Asp and Thi together led to improve plant growth and vital physiological processes, but lowered down Pb accumulation compared to those by their sole application. The results suggest that Asp and Thi synergistically can improve wheat growth under Pb-toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Ugurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanlıurfa, 63250, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jauregui I, Rivero-Marcos M, Aranjuelo I, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Lasa B, Ariz I. Could ammonium nutrition increase plant C-sink strength under elevated CO 2 conditions? PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111277. [PMID: 35643605 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) is increasing, and this affects plant photosynthesis and biomass production. Under elevated CO2 conditions (eCO2), plants need to cope with an unbalanced carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) due to a limited C sink strength and/or the reported constrains in leaf N. Here, we present a physiological and metabolic analysis of ammonium (NH4+)-tolerant pea plants (Pisum sativum L., cv. snap pea) grown hydroponically with moderate or high NH4+ concentrations (2.5 or 10 mM), and under two atmospheric CO2 concentrations (400 and 800 ppm). We found that the photosynthetic efficiency of the NH4+ tolerant pea plants remain intact under eCO2 thanks to the capacity of the plants to maintain the foliar N status (N content and total soluble proteins), and the higher C-skeleton requirements for NH4+ assimilation. The capacity of pea plants grown at 800 ppm to promote the C allocation into mobile pools of sugar (mainly sucrose and glucose) instead of starch contributed to balancing plant C/N. Our results also support previous observations: plants exposed to eCO2 and NH4+ nutrition can increase of stomatal conductance. Considering the C and N source-sink balance of our plants, we call for exploring a novel trait, combining NH4+ tolerant plants with a proper NH4+ nutrition management, as a way for a better exploitation of eCO2 in C3 crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jauregui
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain; Plant Genetics, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech (GxABT), University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Mikel Rivero-Marcos
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (IdAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra-CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Campus de Arrosadía, Mutilva Baja E-31192, Spain
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| | - Berta Lasa
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain.
| | - Idoia Ariz
- Department of Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre, Campus Arrosadía, Pamplona 31006, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krämer K, Brock J, Heyer AG. Interaction of Nitrate Assimilation and Photorespiration at Elevated CO 2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:897924. [PMID: 35845694 PMCID: PMC9284316 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.897924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown repeatedly that exposure to elevated atmospheric CO2 causes an increased C/N ratio of plant biomass that could result from either increased carbon or - in relation to C acquisition - reduced nitrogen assimilation. Possible reasons for diminished nitrogen assimilation are controversial, but an impact of reduced photorespiration at elevated CO2 has frequently been implied. Using a mutant defective in peroxisomal hydroxy-pyruvate reductase (hpr1-1) that is hampered in photorespiratory turnover, we show that indeed, photorespiration stimulates the glutamine-synthetase 2 (GS) / glutamine-oxoglutarate-aminotransferase (GOGAT) cycle, which channels ammonia into amino acid synthesis. However, mathematical flux simulations demonstrated that nitrate assimilation was not reduced at elevated CO2, pointing to a dilution of nitrogen containing compounds by assimilated carbon at elevated CO2. The massive growth reduction in the hpr1-1 mutant does not appear to result from nitrogen starvation. Model simulations yield evidence for a loss of cellular energy that is consumed in supporting high flux through the GS/GOGAT cycle that results from inefficient removal of photorespiratory intermediates. This causes a futile cycling of glycolate and hydroxy-pyruvate. In addition to that, accumulation of serine and glycine as well as carboxylates in the mutant creates a metabolic imbalance that could contribute to growth reduction.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kaya C, Sarıoglu A, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. The combined supplementation of melatonin and salicylic acid effectively detoxifies arsenic toxicity by modulating phytochelatins and nitrogen metabolism in pepper plants. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118727. [PMID: 34973379 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of the study was to assess if joint application of melatonin (MT, 0.1 mM) and salicylic acid (SA 0.5 mM) could improve tolerance of pepper plants to arsenic (As) as sodium hydrogen arsenate heptahydrate (0.05 mM). The imposition of arsenic stress led to accumulation of As in roots and leaves, and increased contents of leaf proline, phytochelatins, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2, but it reduced plant biomass, chlorophylls (Chl), PSII maximum efficiency (Fv/Fm) and leaf water potential. Melatonin and SA applied jointly or alone enhanced nitrogen metabolism by triggering the activities of glutamate synthase, glutamine synthetase, and nitrite reductases and nitrate. In comparison with a single treatment of MT or SA, the joint treatment of MT and SA had better impact on enhancing growth and key biological events and decreasing tissue As content. This clearly shows a cooperative function of both agents in enhancing tolerance to As-toxicity in pepper plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ali Sarıoglu
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan; International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Poorter H, Knopf O, Wright IJ, Temme AA, Hogewoning SW, Graf A, Cernusak LA, Pons TL. A meta-analysis of responses of C 3 plants to atmospheric CO 2 : dose-response curves for 85 traits ranging from the molecular to the whole-plant level. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1560-1596. [PMID: 34657301 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Generalised dose-response curves are essential to understand how plants acclimate to atmospheric CO2 . We carried out a meta-analysis of 630 experiments in which C3 plants were experimentally grown at different [CO2 ] under relatively benign conditions, and derived dose-response curves for 85 phenotypic traits. These curves were characterised by form, plasticity, consistency and reliability. Considered over a range of 200-1200 µmol mol-1 CO2 , some traits more than doubled (e.g. area-based photosynthesis; intrinsic water-use efficiency), whereas others more than halved (area-based transpiration). At current atmospheric [CO2 ], 64% of the total stimulation in biomass over the 200-1200 µmol mol-1 range has already been realised. We also mapped the trait responses of plants to [CO2 ] against those we have quantified before for light intensity. For most traits, CO2 and light responses were of similar direction. However, some traits (such as reproductive effort) only responded to light, others (such as plant height) only to [CO2 ], and some traits (such as area-based transpiration) responded in opposite directions. This synthesis provides a comprehensive picture of plant responses to [CO2 ] at different integration levels and offers the quantitative dose-response curves that can be used to improve global change simulation models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Poorter
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Oliver Knopf
- Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ian J Wright
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW, 2753, Australia
| | - Andries A Temme
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Graf
- Agrosphere (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Lucas A Cernusak
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, Qld, 4879, Australia
| | - Thijs L Pons
- Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, 3512 PN, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xie H, Shi F, Li J, Yu M, Yang X, Li Y, Fan J. The Reciprocal Effect of Elevated CO 2 and Drought on Wheat-Aphid Interaction System. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:853220. [PMID: 35909776 PMCID: PMC9330134 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.853220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the rising concentration of atmospheric CO2, climate change is predicted to intensify episodes of drought. However, our understanding of how combined environmental conditions, such as elevated CO2 and drought together, will influence crop-insect interactions is limited. In the present study, the direct effects of combined elevated CO2 and drought stress on wheat (Triticum aestivum) nutritional quality and insect resistance, and the indirect effects on the grain aphid (Sitobion miscanthi) performance were investigated. The results showed that, in wheat, elevated CO2 alleviated low water content caused by drought stress. Both elevated CO2 and drought promoted soluble sugar accumulation. However, opposite effects were found on amino acid content-it was decreased by elevated CO2 and increased by drought. Further, elevated CO2 down-regulated the jasmonic acid (JA) -dependent defense, but up-regulated the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent defense. Meanwhile, drought enhanced abscisic acid accumulation that promoted the JA-dependent defense. For aphids, their feeding always induced phytohormone resistance in wheat under either elevated CO2 or drought conditions. Similar aphid performance between the control and the combined two factors were observed. We concluded that the aphid damage suffered by wheat in the future under combined elevated CO2 and drier conditions tends to maintain the status quo. We further revealed the mechanism by which it happened from the aspects of wheat water content, nutrition, and resistance to aphids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haicui Xie
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Fengyu Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jingshi Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Miaomiao Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yun Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Jia Fan
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jia Fan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Igarashi M, Yi Y, Yano K. Revisiting Why Plants Become N Deficient Under Elevated CO 2: Importance to Meet N Demand Regardless of the Fed-Form. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:726186. [PMID: 34804082 PMCID: PMC8600045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.726186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An increase in plant biomass under elevated CO2 (eCO2) is usually lower than expected. N-deficiency induced by eCO2 is often considered to be a reason for this. Several hypotheses explain the induced N-deficiency: (1) eCO2 inhibits nitrate assimilation, (2) eCO2 lowers nitrate acquisition due to reduced transpiration, or (3) eCO2 reduces plant N concentration with increased biomass. We tested them using C3 (wheat, rice, and potato) and C4 plants (guinea grass, and Amaranthus) grown in chambers at 400 (ambient CO2, aCO2) or 800 (eCO2) μL L-1 CO2. In most species, we could not confirm hypothesis (1) with the measurements of plant nitrate accumulation in each organ. The exception was rice showing a slight inhibition of nitrate assimilation at eCO2, but the biomass was similar between the nitrate and urea-fed plants. Contrary to hypothesis (2), eCO2 did not decrease plant nitrate acquisition despite reduced transpiration because of enhanced nitrate acquisition per unit transpiration in all species. Comparing to aCO2, eCO2 remarkably enhanced water-use efficiency, especially in C3 plants, decreasing water demand for CO2 acquisition. As our results supported hypothesis (3) without any exception, we then examined if lowered N concentration at eCO2 indeed limits the growth using C3 wheat and C4 guinea grass under various levels of nitrate-N supply. While eCO2 significantly increased relative growth rate (RGR) in wheat but not in guinea grass, each species increased RGR with higher N supply and then reached a maximum as no longer N was limited. To achieve the maximum RGR, wheat required a 1.3-fold N supply at eCO2 than aCO2 with 2.2-fold biomass. However, the N requirement by guinea grass was less affected by the eCO2 treatment. The results reveal that accelerated RGR by eCO2 could create a demand for more N, especially in the leaf sheath rather than the leaf blade in wheat, causing N-limitation unless the additional N was supplied. We concluded that eCO2 amplifies N-limitation due to accelerated growth rate rather than inhibited nitrate assimilation or acquisition. Our results suggest that plant growth under higher CO2 will become more dependent on N but less dependent on water to acquire both CO2 and N.
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhao HL, Chang TG, Xiao Y, Zhu XG. Potential metabolic mechanisms for inhibited chloroplast nitrogen assimilation under high CO2. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:1812-1833. [PMID: 34618071 PMCID: PMC8566258 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Improving photosynthesis is considered a major and feasible option to dramatically increase crop yield potential. Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration often stimulates both photosynthesis and crop yield, but decreases protein content in the main C3 cereal crops. This decreased protein content in crops constrains the benefits of elevated CO2 on crop yield and affects their nutritional value for humans. To support studies of photosynthetic nitrogen assimilation and its complex interaction with photosynthetic carbon metabolism for crop improvement, we developed a dynamic systems model of plant primary metabolism, which includes the Calvin-Benson cycle, the photorespiration pathway, starch synthesis, glycolysis-gluconeogenesis, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and chloroplastic nitrogen assimilation. This model successfully captures responses of net photosynthetic CO2 uptake rate (A), respiration rate, and nitrogen assimilation rate to different irradiance and CO2 levels. We then used this model to predict inhibition of nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2. The potential mechanisms underlying inhibited nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2 were further explored with this model. Simulations suggest that enhancing the supply of α-ketoglutarate is a potential strategy to maintain high rates of nitrogen assimilation under elevated CO2. This model can be used as a heuristic tool to support research on interactions between photosynthesis, respiration, and nitrogen assimilation. It also provides a basic framework to support the design and engineering of C3 plant primary metabolism for enhanced photosynthetic efficiency and nitrogen assimilation in the coming high-CO2 world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Long Zhao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Tian-Gen Chang
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang X, Wei X, Wu G, Chen S. Ammonium application mitigates the effects of elevated carbon dioxide on the carbon/nitrogen balance of Phoebe bournei seedlings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:1658-1668. [PMID: 33580964 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant responses to increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration is crucial to understand and to predict the effect of future global climate change on plant adaptation and evolution. Increasing amount of nitrogen (N) can promote the positive effect of CO2, while how N forms would modify the degree of CO2 effect is rarely studied. The aim of this study was to determine whether the amount and form of nitrogen (N) could mitigate the effects of elevated CO2 (eCO2) on enzyme activities related to carbon (C) and N metabolism, the C/N ratio, and growth of Phoebe bournei (Hemsl.) Y.C. Yang. One-year-old P. bournei seedlings were grown in an open-top air chamber under either an ambient CO2 (aCO2) (350 ± 70 μmol•mol-1) or an eCO2 (700 ± 10 μmol•mol-1) concentration and cultivated in soil treated with either moderate (0.8 g per seedling) or high applications (1.2 g per seedling) of nitrate or ammonium. In seedlings treated with a moderate level of nitrate, the activities of key enzymes involved in C and N metabolism (i.e., Rubisco, Rubisco activase and glutamine synthetase) were lower under eCO2 than under aCO2. By contrast, key enzyme activities (except GS) in seedlings treated with high nitrate or ammonium were not significantly different between aCO2 and eCO2 or higher under eCO2 than under aCO2. The C/N ratio of seedlings treated with moderate or high nitrate under eCO2was significantly changed compared with the seedlings grown under aCO2, whereas the C/N ratio of seedlings treated with ammonium was not significantly different between aCO2 and eCO2. Therefore, under eCO2, application of ammonium can be beneficial C and N metabolism and mitigate effects on the C/N ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Gaoyin Wu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shengqun Chen
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhou J, Gao Y, Wang J, Liu C, Wang Z, Lv M, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Dong G, Wang Y, Huang J, Hui D, Yang Z, Yao Y. Elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentration triggers redistribution of nitrogen to promote tillering in rice. PLANT-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS (HOBOKEN, N.J.) 2021; 2:125-136. [PMID: 37283862 PMCID: PMC10168068 DOI: 10.1002/pei3.10046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) often reduces nitrogen (N) content in rice plants and stimulates tillering. However, there is a general consensus that reduced N would constrain rice tillering. To resolve this contradiction, we investigated N distribution and transcriptomic changes in different rice plant organs after subjecting them to eCO2 and different N application rates. Our results showed that eCO2 significantly promoted rice tillers (by 0.6, 1.1, 1.7, and 2.1 tillers/plant at 0, 75, 150, and 225 kg N ha-1 N application rates, respectively) and more tillers were produced under higher N application rates, confirming that N availability constrained tillering in the early stages of growth. Although N content declined in the leaves (-11.0 to -20.7 mg g-1) and sheaths (-9.8 to -28.8 mg g-1) of rice plants exposed to eCO2, the N content of newly emerged tillers on plants exposed to eCO2 equaled or exceeded the N content of tillers produced under ambient CO2 conditions. Apparently, the redistribution of N within the plant per se was a critical adaptation strategy to the eCO2 condition. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that eCO2 induced less extensive alteration of gene expression than did N application. Most importantly, the expression levels of multiple N-related transporters and receptors such as nitrate transporter NRT2.3a/b and NRT1.1a/b were differentially regulated in leaf and shoot apical meristem, suggesting that multiple genes were involved in sensing the N signal and transporting N metabolites to adapt to eCO2. The redistribution of N in different organs could be a universal adaptation strategy of terrestrial plants to eCO2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Yingbo Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Chang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Zi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Minjia Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Lixiahe Agricultural Research Institute of Jiangsu ProvinceYangzhouChina
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Guichun Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Yulong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Jianye Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Dafeng Hui
- Department of Biological SciencesTennessee State UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| | - Youli Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co‐Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain CropsCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular BreedingCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Photorespiration: The Futile Cycle? PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050908. [PMID: 34062784 PMCID: PMC8147352 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Photorespiration, or C2 photosynthesis, is generally considered a futile cycle that potentially decreases photosynthetic carbon fixation by more than 25%. Nonetheless, many essential processes, such as nitrogen assimilation, C1 metabolism, and sulfur assimilation, depend on photorespiration. Most studies of photosynthetic and photorespiratory reactions are conducted with magnesium as the sole metal cofactor despite many of the enzymes involved in these reactions readily associating with manganese. Indeed, when manganese is present, the energy efficiency of these reactions may improve. This review summarizes some commonly used methods to quantify photorespiration, outlines the influence of metal cofactors on photorespiratory enzymes, and discusses why photorespiration may not be as wasteful as previously believed.
Collapse
|
21
|
Jayawardena DM, Heckathorn SA, Rajanayake KK, Boldt JK, Isailovic D. Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Chronic Warming Together Decrease Nitrogen Uptake Rate, Net Translocation, and Assimilation in Tomato. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040722. [PMID: 33917687 PMCID: PMC8067974 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The response of plant N relations to the combination of elevated CO2 (eCO2) and warming are poorly understood. To study this, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants were grown at 400 or 700 ppm CO2 and 33/28 or 38/33 °C (day/night), and their soil was labeled with 15NO3− or 15NH4+. Plant dry mass, root N-uptake rate, root-to-shoot net N translocation, whole-plant N assimilation, and root resource availability (%C, %N, total nonstructural carbohydrates) were measured. Relative to eCO2 or warming alone, eCO2 + warming decreased growth, NO3− and NH4+-uptake rates, root-to-shoot net N translocation, and whole-plant N assimilation. Decreased N assimilation with eCO2 + warming was driven mostly by inhibition of NO3− assimilation, and was not associated with root resource limitations or damage to N-assimilatory proteins. Previously, we showed in tomato that eCO2 + warming decreases the concentration of N-uptake and -assimilatory proteins in roots, and dramatically increases leaf angle, which decreases whole-plant light capture and, hence, photosynthesis and growth. Thus, decreases in N uptake and assimilation with eCO2 + warming in tomato are likely due to reduced plant N demand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott A. Heckathorn
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Krishani K. Rajanayake
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (K.K.R.); (D.I.)
| | - Jennifer K. Boldt
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Toledo, OH 43606, USA;
| | - Dragan Isailovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA; (K.K.R.); (D.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gautrat P, Laffont C, Frugier F, Ruffel S. Nitrogen Systemic Signaling: From Symbiotic Nodulation to Root Acquisition. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:392-406. [PMID: 33358560 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant nutrient acquisition is tightly regulated by resource availability and metabolic needs, implying the existence of communication between roots and shoots to ensure their integration at the whole-plant level. Here, we focus on systemic signaling pathways controlling nitrogen (N) nutrition, achieved both by the root import of mineral N and, in legume plants, through atmospheric N fixation by symbiotic bacteria inside dedicated root nodules. We explore features conserved between systemic pathways repressing or enhancing symbiotic N fixation and the regulation of mineral N acquisition by roots, as well as their integration with other environmental factors, such as phosphate, light, and CO2 availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gautrat
- IPS2 (Institute of Plant Sciences - Paris Saclay), CNRS, INRAe, Université Paris-Diderot, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carole Laffont
- IPS2 (Institute of Plant Sciences - Paris Saclay), CNRS, INRAe, Université Paris-Diderot, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Florian Frugier
- IPS2 (Institute of Plant Sciences - Paris Saclay), CNRS, INRAe, Université Paris-Diderot, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 630, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Sandrine Ruffel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAe, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang X, Xu D, Han W, Wang Y, Fan X, Loladze I, Gao G, Zhang Y, Tong S, Ye N. Elevated CO 2 affects kelp nutrient quality: A case study of Saccharina japonica from CO 2 -enriched coastal mesocosm systems. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:379-391. [PMID: 33150587 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Kelps provide critical services for coastal food chains and ecosystem, and they are important food source for some segments of human population. Despite their ecological importance, little is known about long-term impacts of elevated CO2 (eCO2 ) on nutrient metabolites in kelps and the underlying regulation mechanisms. In this study, the kelp Saccharina japonica was cultured in CO2 -enriched coastal mesocosm systems for up to 3 months. We found that, although eCO2 significantly increased the growth rate, carbon concentrations, and C/N ratio of S. japonica, and it had no effect on total nitrogen and protein contents at the end of cultivation period. Meanwhile, it decreased the lipid, magnesium, sodium, and calcium content and changed the amino acid and fatty acid composition. Combining the genome-wide transcriptomic and metabolic evidence, we obtained a system-level understanding of metabolic response of S. japonica to eCO2 . The unique ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) and aspartate-argininosuccinate shunt (AAS), coupled with TCA cycle, balanced the carbon and nitrogen metabolism under eCO2 by providing carbon skeleton for amino acid synthesis and reduced power for nitrogen assimilation. This research provides a major advance in the understanding of kelp nutrient metabolic mechanism in the context of global climate change, and such CO2 -induced shifts in nutritional value may induce changes in the structure and stability of marine trophic webs and affect the quality of human nutrition resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China
| | - Dong Xu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China
| | - Wentao Han
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yitao Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Irakli Loladze
- Bryan College of Health Sciences, Bryan Medical Center, Lincoln, NE, 68506, USA
| | - Guang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Marine Bioresources and Environment, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Shanying Tong
- School of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Naihao Ye
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266200, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Andrews M, Condron LM, Kemp PD, Topping JF, Lindsey K, Hodge S, Raven JA. Will rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration inhibit nitrate assimilation in shoots but enhance it in roots of C 3 plants? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 170:40-45. [PMID: 32198758 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bloom et al. proposed that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations 'inhibit malate production in chloroplasts and thus impede assimilation of nitrate into protein of C3 plants, a phenomenon that will strongly influence primary productivity and food security under the environmental conditions anticipated during the next few decades'. Previously we argued that the weight of evidence in the literature indicated that elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] does not inhibit NO3 - assimilation in C3 plants. New data for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) were presented that supported this view and indicated that the effects of elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] on nitrogen (N) assimilation and growth of C3 vascular plants were similar regardless of the form of N assimilated. Bloom et al. strongly criticised the arguments presented in Andrews et al. Here we respond to these criticisms and again conclude that the available data indicate that elevated atmospheric [CO2 ] does not inhibit NO3 - assimilation of C3 plants. Measurement of the partitioning of NO3 - assimilation between root and shoot of C3 species under different NO3 - supply, at ambient and elevated CO2 would determine if their NO3 - assimilation is inhibited in shoots but enhanced in roots at elevated atmospheric CO2 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Leo M Condron
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - Peter D Kemp
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer F Topping
- The Integrative Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Keith Lindsey
- The Integrative Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Simon Hodge
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, 7647, New Zealand
| | - John A Raven
- Division of Plant Science, University of Dundee at the James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Plant Biology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Beechey-Gradwell Z, Cooney L, Winichayakul S, Andrews M, Hea SY, Crowther T, Roberts N. Storing carbon in leaf lipid sinks enhances perennial ryegrass carbon capture especially under high N and elevated CO2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2351-2361. [PMID: 31679036 PMCID: PMC7134912 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
By modifying two genes involved in lipid biosynthesis and storage [cysteine oleosin (cys-OLE)/diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT)], the accumulation of stable lipid droplets in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) leaves was achieved. Growth, biomass allocation, leaf structure, gas exchange parameters, fatty acids, and water-soluble carbohydrates were quantified for a high-expressing cys-OLE/DGAT ryegrass transformant (HL) and a wild-type (WT) control grown under controlled conditions with 1-10 mM nitrogen (N) supply at ambient and elevated atmospheric CO2. A dramatic shift in leaf carbon (C) storage occurred in HL leaves, away from readily mobilizable carbohydrates and towards stable lipid droplets. HL exhibited an increased growth rate, mainly in non-photosynthetic organs, leading to a decreased leaf mass fraction. HL leaves, however, displayed an increased specific leaf area and photosynthetic rate per unit leaf area, delivering greater overall C capture and leaf growth at high N supply. HL also exhibited a greater photosynthesis response to elevated atmospheric CO2. We speculate that by behaving as uniquely stable microsinks for C, cys-OLE-encapsulated lipid droplets can reduce feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and drive greater C capture. Manipulation of many genes and gene combinations has been used to increase non-seed lipid content. However, the cys-OLE/DGAT technology remains the only reported case that increases plant biomass. We contrast cys-OLE/DGAT with other lipid accumulation strategies and discuss the implications of introducing lipid sinks into non-seed organs for plant energy homeostasis and growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zac Beechey-Gradwell
- Agresearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Luke Cooney
- Agresearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Shen Y Hea
- Agresearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Tracey Crowther
- Agresearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Nick Roberts
- Agresearch Grasslands, Tennent Drive, Fitzherbert, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bloom AJ, Kasemsap P, Rubio-Asensio JS. Rising atmospheric CO 2 concentration inhibits nitrate assimilation in shoots but enhances it in roots of C 3 plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:963-972. [PMID: 31642522 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have proposed that rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations inhibit malate production in chloroplasts and thus impede assimilation of nitrate into protein in shoots of C3 plants, a phenomenon that will strongly influence primary productivity and food security under the environmental conditions anticipated during the next few decades. Although hundreds of studies support this proposal, several publications in 2018 and 2019 purport to present counterevidence. The following study evaluates these publications as well as presents new data that elevated CO2 enhances root nitrate assimilation in wheat and Arabidopsis while it inhibits shoot nitrate assimilation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnold J Bloom
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Pornpipat Kasemsap
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - José S Rubio-Asensio
- Department of Irrigation, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
High Nitrate or Ammonium Applications Alleviated Photosynthetic Decline of Phoebe bournei Seedlings under Elevated Carbon Dioxide. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phoebe bournei is a precioustimber species and is listed as a national secondary protection plant in China. However, seedlings show obvious photosynthetic declinewhen grown long-term under an elevated CO2 concentration (eCO2). The global CO2 concentration is predicted to reach 700 μmol·mol−1 by the end of this century; however, little is known about what causes the photosynthetic decline of P. bournei seedlings under eCO2 or whether this photosynthetic decline could be controlled by fertilization measures. To explore this problem, one-year-old P. bournei seedlings were grown in an open-top air chamber under either an ambient CO2 (aCO2) concentration (350 ± 70 μmol·mol−1) or an eCO2 concentration (700 ± 10 μmol·mol−1) from June 12th to September 8th and cultivated in soil treated with either moderate (0.8 g per seedling) or high applications (1.2 g per seedling) of nitrate or ammonium. Under eCO2, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of P. bournei seedlings treated with a moderate nitrate application was 27.0% lower than that of seedlings grown under an aCO2 concentration (p < 0.05), and photosynthetic declineappeared to be accompanied by a reduction of the electron transport rate (ETR), actual photochemical efficiency, chlorophyll content, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (rubisco), rubisco activase (RCA) content, leaf thickness, and stomatal density. The Pn of seedlings treated with a high application of nitrate under eCO2 was 5.0% lower than that of seedlings grown under aCO2 (p > 0.05), and photosynthetic declineoccurred more slowly, accompanied by a significant increase in rubisco content, RCA content, and stomatal density. The Pn of P. bournei seedlings treated with either a moderate or a high application of ammonium and grown under eCO2 was not significantly differentto that of seedlings grown under aCO2—there was no photosynthetic decline—and the ETR, chlorophyll content, rubisco content, RCA content, and leaf thickness values were all increased. Increasing the application of nitrate or the supply of ammonium could slow down or prevent the photosynthetic declineof P. bournei seedlings under eCO2 by changing the leaf structure and photosynthetic physiological characteristics.
Collapse
|
28
|
Martinez Henao J, Demers LE, Grosser K, Schedl A, van Dam NM, Bede JC. Fertilizer Rate-Associated Increase in Foliar Jasmonate Burst Observed in Wounded Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves is Attenuated at eCO 2. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1636. [PMID: 32010155 PMCID: PMC6977439 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The predicted future increase in tropospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels will have major effects on C3 plants and their interactions with other organisms in the biosphere. In response to attack by chewing arthropod herbivores or nectrotrophic pathogens, many plants mount a rapid and intense increase in jasmonate-related phytohormones that results in a robust defense response; however, previous studies have shown that C3 plants grown at elevated CO2 may have lower induced jasmonate levels, particularly in well nitrate-fertilized plants. Given the relationship between atmospheric CO2, photorespiration, cellular reductant and redox status, nitrogen assimilation and phytohormones, we compared wound-induced responses of the C3 plant Arabidopsis thaliana. These plants were fertilized at two different rates (1 or 10 mM) with nitrate or ammonium and grown at ambient or elevated CO2. In response to artificial wounding, an increase in cellular oxidative status leads to a strong increase in jasmonate phytohormones. At ambient CO2, increased oxidative state of nitrate-fertilized plants leads to a robust 7-iso-jasmonyl-L-isoleucine increase; however, the strong fertilizer rate-associated increase is alleviated in plants grown at elevated CO2. As well, the changes in ascorbate in response to wounding and wound-induced salicylic acid levels may also contribute to the suppression of the jasmonate burst. Understanding the mechanism underlying the attenuation of the jasmonate burst at elevated CO2 has important implications for fertilization strategies under future predicted climatic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Louis Erik Demers
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Katharina Grosser
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Schedl
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nicole M. van Dam
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jacqueline C. Bede
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gámez AL, Vicente R, Sanchez-Bragado R, Jauregui I, Morcuende R, Goicoechea N, Aranjuelo I. Differential Flag Leaf and Ear Photosynthetic Performance Under Elevated (CO 2) Conditions During Grain Filling Period in Durum Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:587958. [PMID: 33391300 PMCID: PMC7775369 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of CO2 (CO2) in plants with C3 photosynthesis metabolism, such as wheat, stimulate photosynthetic rates. However, photosynthesis tends to decrease as a function of exposure to high (CO2) due to down-regulation of the photosynthetic machinery, and this phenomenon is defined as photosynthetic acclimation. Considerable efforts are currently done to determine the effect of photosynthetic tissues, such us spike, in grain filling. There is good evidence that the contribution of ears to grain filling may be important not only under good agronomic conditions but also under high (CO2). The main objective of this study was to compare photoassimilate production and energy metabolism between flag leaves and glumes as part of ears of wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum cv. Amilcar) plants exposed to ambient [a(CO2)] and elevated [e(CO2)] (CO2) (400 and 700 μmol mol-1, respectively). Elevated CO2 had a differential effect on the responses of flag leaves and ears. The ears showed higher gross photosynthesis and respiration rates compared to the flag leaves. The higher ear carbohydrate content and respiration rates contribute to increase the grain dry mass. Our results support the concept that acclimation of photosynthesis to e(CO2) is driven by sugar accumulation, reduction in N concentrations and repression of genes related to photosynthesis, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and that these were more marked in glumes than leaves. Further, important differences are described on responsiveness of flag leaves and ears to e(CO2) on genes linked with carbon and nitrogen metabolism. These findings provide information about the impact of e(CO2) on ear development during the grain filling stage and are significant for understanding the effects of increasing (CO2) on crop yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angie L. Gámez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Instituto de Tecnología Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rut Sanchez-Bragado
- Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida – AGROTECNIO Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Iván Jauregui
- Plant Genetics, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Rosa Morcuende
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Nieves Goicoechea
- Departamento Biología Ambiental, Grupo de Fisiología del Estrés en Plantas, Facultad de Ciencias (Unidad Asociada al CSIC, EEAD, Zaragoza, e ICVV, Logroño), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Iker Aranjuelo,
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Coleto I, Vega-Mas I, Glauser G, González-Moro MB, Marino D, Ariz I. New Insights on Arabidopsis thaliana Root Adaption to Ammonium Nutrition by the Use of a Quantitative Proteomic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040814. [PMID: 30769801 PMCID: PMC6412517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant nutrition. Nitrate and ammonium are the two major inorganic nitrogen forms available for plant growth. Plant preference for one or the other form depends on the interplay between plant genetic background and environmental variables. Ammonium-based fertilization has been shown less environmentally harmful compared to nitrate fertilization, because of reducing, among others, nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions. However, ammonium nutrition may become a stressful situation for a wide range of plant species when the ion is present at high concentrations. Although studied for long time, there is still an important lack of knowledge to explain plant tolerance or sensitivity towards ammonium nutrition. In this context, we performed a comparative proteomic study in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under exclusive ammonium or nitrate supply. We identified and quantified 68 proteins with differential abundance between both conditions. These proteins revealed new potential important players on root response to ammonium nutrition, such as H⁺-consuming metabolic pathways to regulate pH homeostasis and specific secondary metabolic pathways like brassinosteroid and glucosinolate biosynthetic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Coleto
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Izargi Vega-Mas
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Idoia Ariz
- Departamento de Biología Ambiental. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Marino D, Moran JF. Can Ammonium Stress Be Positive for Plant Performance? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1103. [PMID: 31608080 PMCID: PMC6771378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Daniel Marino, ; Jose Fernando Moran,
| | - Jose Fernando Moran
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Mutilva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Daniel Marino, ; Jose Fernando Moran,
| |
Collapse
|