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Fujita K, Ocho K, Kadowaki T, Yorifuji T, Hagiya H, Otsuka F. Zinc deficiency is a potential risk factor for COVID-19 progression to pneumonia requiring oxygen therapy. J Infect Chemother 2024; 30:978-982. [PMID: 38460615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Various risk factors for developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported. However, studies on the nutritional-related risk factors are limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of serum zinc deficiency on the severity of COVID-19. METHODS The study included a total of 60 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to Tsuyama Chuo Hospital between March 2020 and April 2021. We divided the patients into two categories based on serum levels of zinc (normal and latent zinc deficiency vs. zinc deficiency [<60 μg/dL]) at the time of diagnosis. Severity of COVID-19 was defined as the most exaggerated disease status during admission. The associations between serum zinc deficiency and the severity of COVID-19 were examined using a logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS Patients who required oxygen therapy had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and poorer nutritional status, including zinc deficiency, than those who did not require oxygen therapy. Zinc deficiency was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 severity, with an adjusted odds ratio of 7.29 (95% confidence interval: 1.70-31.18). This result remained significant in the sensitivity analyses conducted after adjusting for patient background factors. CONCLUSIONS Zinc deficiency at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis is an independent risk factor for severe disease. Our findings need to be validated in external studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Fujita
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital, Tsuyama, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ocho
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tsuyama Chuo Hospital, Tsuyama, Japan
| | - Tomoka Kadowaki
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Yorifuji
- Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hagiya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Fumio Otsuka
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
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Halim C, Howen M, Fitrisubroto AANB, Pratama T, Harahap IR, Ganesh LJ, Siahaan AMP. Relevance of Mediterranean diet as a nutritional strategy in diminishing COVID-19 risk: A systematic review. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301564. [PMID: 39167591 PMCID: PMC11338465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mediterranean Diet has been reported to possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties are closely associated with the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19. OBJECTIVE The present systematic review aimed to determine the association between Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19, COVID-19 symptoms, and COVID-19 severity. METHODS The protocol for this systematic review was registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with identification number CRD42023451794. The literature search was conducted through Pubmed, Proquest, and Google Scholar on August 2023. The inclusion criteria were studies with a population of human subjects, reported the association between Mediterranean diet adherence with risk of COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 symptoms, or COVID-19 severity, and full text must be available in English. The exclusion criteria were reviews, editorials, letters, replies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, studies on animals, and duplicates. Risk of bias in included studies was assessed using Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Data was synthesized narratively. Each study was compared and a structured summary was developed. RESULTS After selection process, 6 articles were included, with a sample size of 55,489 patients. All studies were observational studies and assessed Mediterranean diet adherence using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), with scoring system varied between each study. Four studies found a significant correlation between increased adherence to Mediterranean Diet and reduced COVID-19 risk, while one study indicated non-significant association. One study reported a significant association between higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 symptoms, but three studies reported non-significant association. One study found that individuals with higher adherence to Mediterranean Diet had reduced likelihood of developing severe COVID-19, however, two studies yielded inconclusive findings. LIMITATIONS All studies used self-administrated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), which were prone to biased responses, such as recall and estimation bias. DISCUSSION Lower trends of odds ratios (ORs) were consistently observed in higher Mediterranean diet adherence. In every outcome of the included studies, ORs ranged between 0.06-0.992, however, differing levels of significance were reported in each outcome. CONCLUSION Overall analyses suggest that high adherence to Mediterranean Diet is a protective factor against COVID-19, with unclear benefits against COVID-19 symptoms and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceria Halim
- Department of Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Miranda Howen
- Department of Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | | | - Timotius Pratama
- Department of Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Indah Ramadhani Harahap
- Department of Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Lacman Jaya Ganesh
- Department of Center of Evidence Based Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, North Sumatera, Indonesia
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Younes S. The role of nutrition on the treatment of Covid 19. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2024; 36:200255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2024.200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
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Zarepoor M, Nazari A, Pourmasumi S. Impact of vitamin D supplementation as COVID-19 vaccine adjuvant on sperm parameters and sex hormones in men with idiopathic infertility: Two separate pre-post studies. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2024; 51:125-134. [PMID: 38263587 PMCID: PMC11140254 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2023.06464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vitamin D deficiency is a major problem for human health worldwide. The mechanisms of vitamin D in the male reproductive system are unknown. After coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines were developed, doubts were raised about their possible effects on male fertility. Based on vitamin D's function in the immune system, its potential role as an adjuvant for COVID-19 vaccines is intriguing. The aims of this study were to assess the effects of vitamin D first on sperm parameters and sex hormones, and then as an immune adjuvant on sperm parameters and sex hormones after study participants had received their second doses of COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS Phase 1 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) included 72 men with idiopathic infertility, and phase 2 had 64 participants who received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. Both groups were instructed to take 50,000 IU of vitamin D twice monthly for 3 months. Sperm parameters and sex hormones were assessed pre- and post-supplementation. RESULTS Regular vitamin D intake for 3 months significantly increased the participants' vitamin D levels (p=0.0001). Both phases showed a positive correlation between vitamin D intake and sperm parameters. Vaccination had no negative effects on sperm parameters and sex hormones. Vitamin D was associated with follicle-stimulating hormone (p=0.02) and testosterone (p=0.0001) in phase 2 after treatment. CONCLUSION Our results support vitamin D supplementation as an immune adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination for improving sperm parameters and hormone levels. COVID-19 vaccination is not harmful for male fertility potential, and vitamin D is an effective factor for male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahtab Zarepoor
- Clinical Research Development Unit (CRDU), Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Soheila Pourmasumi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Zhou F, Ma Z, Rashwan AK, Khaskheli MB, Abdelrady WA, Abdelaty NS, Hassan Askri SM, Zhao P, Chen W, Shamsi IH. Exploring the Interplay of Food Security, Safety, and Psychological Wellness in the COVID-19 Era: Managing Strategies for Resilience and Adaptation. Foods 2024; 13:1610. [PMID: 38890839 PMCID: PMC11172172 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The global population surge presents a dual challenge and opportunity in the realms of food consumption, safety, and mental well-being. This necessitates a projected 70% increase in food production to meet growing demands. Amid this backdrop, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates these issues, underscoring the need for a deeper understanding of the intricate interplay between food consumption patterns and mental health dynamics during this crisis. Mitigating the spread of COVID-19 hinges upon rigorous adherence to personal hygiene practices and heightened disease awareness. Furthermore, maintaining stringent food quality and safety standards across both public and private sectors is imperative for safeguarding public health and containing viral transmission. Drawing upon existing research, this study delves into the pandemic's impact on mental health, food consumption habits, and food safety protocols. Through a comprehensive analysis, it aims to elucidate the nuanced relationship among food, food safety, and mental well-being amid the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting synergistic effects and dynamics that underpin holistic human welfare. Our study offers a novel approach by integrating psychological wellness with food security and safety. In conceiving this review, we aimed to comprehensively explore the intricate interplay among food security, safety, and psychological wellness amid the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our review is structured to encompass a thorough examination of existing research, synthesizing insights into the multifaceted relationships among food consumption patterns, mental health dynamics, and food safety protocols during the crisis. Our findings provide valuable insights and practical recommendations for enhancing food security and psychological well-being, thus supporting both academic research and real-world applications in crisis management and policy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Zhou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Zhengxin Ma
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ahmed K. Rashwan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Food and Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | | | - Wessam A. Abdelrady
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Nesma S. Abdelaty
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Syed Muhammad Hassan Askri
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Imran Haider Shamsi
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Parastouei K, Shokooee Jud S, Sepandi M, Abbaszadeh S, Samadi M, Meftahi GH, Taghdir M. Adherence to Healthy Eating Index-2015 and severity of disease in hospitalised military patients with COVID-19: a cross sectional study. BMJ Mil Health 2024; 170:237-241. [PMID: 36202427 DOI: 10.1136/military-2022-002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Proper nutrition can play an important role in preventing and improving disease progression in patients with COVID-19. The Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is one of the most common measures used to assess overall nutritional quality. This research aimed to identify the relationship between the HEI-2015 score and disease severity in hospitalised military patients with COVID-19. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 295 hospitalised military patients (retired military and military reserve) with COVID-19. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess food intake. To evaluate the quality of the diet, the HEI-2015 score was calculated. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to measure the association between HEI-2015 scores and disease severity (intensive care unit (ICU) admission and length of hospital stay greater than 4 days) in hospitalised military patients with COVID-19. RESULTS The mean HEI-2015 score was significantly higher in non-ICU patients than in ICU patients (58.39±15.02 vs 53.54±15.65, p=0.01). After adjusting for possible confounding factors including age, sex, comorbidities, calorie intake, body mass index and physical activity, adherence to HEI-2015 inversely related to ICU admission (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.95 to 1.00) and length of hospital stay of more than 4 days (OR 0.99; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.00) in hospitalised military patients with COVID-19, although statistically not significant. CONCLUSIONS According to the results of the study, adherence to HEI-2015 inversely related to both ICU admission and length of hospital stay in hospitalised military patients with COVID-19, although it was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Parastouei
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - S Shokooee Jud
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene-Faculty of Health, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - M Sepandi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - S Abbaszadeh
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - M Samadi
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - G H Meftahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - M Taghdir
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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Araste A, Moghadam MRSF, Mohammadhasani K, Fard MV, Khorasanchi Z, Latifi M, Hasanzadeh E, Talkhi N, Sharifan P, Asadiyan-Sohan P, Bidokhti MK, Ghassemi A, Darban RA, Ferns G, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Adherence to the nordic diet is associated with anxiety, stress, and depression in recovered COVID-19 patients, a case-control study. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:38. [PMID: 38429766 PMCID: PMC10908094 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00845-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Follow-up of COVID-19 recovered patients to discover important adverse effects on other organs is required. The psychological health of COVID-19 patients may be affected after recovery. AIM We aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to the Nordic diet (ND) and psychological symptoms caused by COVID-19 after recovery. METHOD Dietary data on 246 qualified adults (123 cases and 123 controls). The dietary intake in this case-control study was calculated by a reliable and valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) were used to analyze participant's anxiety, stress, depression, sleep quality, insomnia, and quality of life of participants. RESULTS There was a significant inverse relationship between total anxiety, stress, and depression scores and the intake of whole grains (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant inverse association between depression and fruit intake (P < 0.05). A significant negative correlation was found between insomnia and sleep quality and the intake of root vegetables (P < 0.05). In the multinomial-regression model, a significant association between the Nordic diet and anxiety, stress, and depression was found only in the case group (OR = 0.719, 95% CI 0.563-0.918, p-value = 0.008; OR = 0.755, 95% CI 0.609-0.934, P-value = 0.010, and, OR = 0.759, 95% CI 0.602-0.956, P-value = 0.019 respectively). CONCLUSION Adherence to the Nordic diet might reduce anxiety, stress, and depression in recovered COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asie Araste
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Kimia Mohammadhasani
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Vahedi Fard
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Science, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Zahra Khorasanchi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - MohammadReza Latifi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elahe Hasanzadeh
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nasrin Talkhi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Payam Sharifan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Asadiyan-Sohan
- Departments of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Marjan Khayati Bidokhti
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arezoo Ghassemi
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Assaran Darban
- Departments of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Brighton, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Suyani NK, Rajesh M, Mohan CO, Rajesh KM, Sasikala R, Kishore P. Fatty Acid Profile and Mineral Composition of Red-Toothed Triggerfish (Odonus niger) Landed in Karnataka, Southeastern Arabian Sea. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1224-1234. [PMID: 37391554 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The seasonal and sex-wise variations in fatty acid and mineral composition in the tissue of Odonus niger collected from the Karnataka coast, southeastern Arabian Sea, were evaluated for the first time. The fatty acid profile was assessed using gas chromatography, nutritional indices were employed to evaluate lipid quality, and standard methods were utilized to estimate mineral composition and heavy metals. Palmitic acid (20.2-45.9%), oleic acid (10.0-19.2%), and docosahexaenoic acid (10.9-36.7%) were found in the highest proportions. The amount of ω3 fatty acids was significantly higher than ω6 fatty acids indicating the healthiest food fish and a promising source for nutrient supplementation. The P/S (PUFA/SFA) and ω3/ω6 ratios of the species were greater than those recommended by the UK Dept. of Health. Index of atherogenicity (IA) and thrombogenicity (IT) was low, and hypocholesterolemic to the hypercholesterolemic ratio (HH), unsaturation index (UI), health-promoting index (HPI), fish lipid quality (FLQ), and polyene index (PI) were high. The relationship between the quantities of macronutrients and trace elements was calculated as K > P > Na > Mg > Ca and B > Fe > Zn > Ga > Al respectively. Heavy metals like Be, Bi, Co, and Hg were found below the detection level. Benefit-risk ratio value indicates that the species is safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Kanji Suyani
- Department of Fisheries Resources and Management, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Kankanady, Mangaluru, 575002, Karnataka, India
| | - Mridula Rajesh
- Department of Fisheries Resources and Management, College of Fisheries, Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Kankanady, Mangaluru, 575002, Karnataka, India.
| | - Chitradurga Obaiah Mohan
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Kothanahally Mallegowda Rajesh
- ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mangalore Research Centre, Post Box No. 224, Hoige Bazar, Mangaluru, 575001, Karnataka, India
| | - Remya Sasikala
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
| | - Pankaj Kishore
- ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), CIFT Junction, Willingdon Island, Matsyapuri, Kochi, 682029, Kerala, India
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Hoca M, Elmas C, Kabaran S. Do nutritional habits and supplement use affect health-related quality of life during social isolation period in the community of North Cyprus? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:851-863. [PMID: 36762924 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2177624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of study was to comprehensively investigate the effect of nutritional habits and supplement use on health-related quality of life during social isolation period. This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 418 participants (73.4% were women and 26.6% were men) participated in this study. Participants' demographic information, nutritional habits, and quality of life were questioned, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. A significant difference was found in the main meal skipping status of individuals by age group. The consumption of milk, yoghurt, ayran, legumes, cereal products other than bread, vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, and snack foods was similar in both periods. Furthermore, frequencies of multivitamins, multiminerals, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, iron, calcium, omega-3, and probiotics were similar during and before the pandemic. A significant difference was found in scores obtained on the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) by age group. There was a significant difference in the quality of life scores by body mass index (BMI) groups. It was concluded that quality of life decreased due to the increase in body weight during pandemic period. The social isolation period did not make a clear difference in the nutritional habits of individuals and the use of nutritional supplements. When the main meal skipping situations were evaluated within the scope of nutritional habits, those who did not skip their main meal received the highest score on the QOLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Hoca
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkey
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Kyrenia, Kyrenia, Turkey
| | - Cemre Elmas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Seray Kabaran
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, Turkey
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Ali Z, Bashier Eltayeb L, Fattiny SZ, Mallhi IY, Javed F, Alyousef AA, Ijaz Q, Younas S, Khan I, Batool Z, Ahmad M. COVID-19 and diet: efforts towards a balanced diet and sustainable nutrition among university students in Pakistan. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16730. [PMID: 38188176 PMCID: PMC10771080 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition is an important aspect of a healthy lifestyle for all individuals, including adolescents. The objective of this cross-sectional descriptive survey study was to investigate university students' awareness of immunity enhancing foods, food nutritive values, and eating practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 839 university students from four different universities in Pakistan participated in the study from October 2021 to January 2022, 397 of which were male and 442 were female. A total of 419 students were studying in medical disciplines while 420 were non-medical students. The students had significant knowledge (p < 0.05) about COVID-19, and nutritional habits were seen in both medical and non-medical students. Results showed that medical students (n-201) were slightly more aware of immunity-enhancing foods and the nutritive values of foods compared to engineering students (n-79). However, eating practices were generally poorly adopted by all of the university students. Male and female students were not significantly different in their mean replies to questions on the nutritive value of food or in their eating habits. Healthy eating practices will aid university students in preventing illnesses connected to nutrition as well as enhancing their immune systems and nutritional well-being both during and post-pandemic. In light of these results, suggestions and implications for nutritional advice and education were explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeshan Ali
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lienda Bashier Eltayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Prince Sattam Ibn Abdelaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sndos Z.A. Fattiny
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Younis Mallhi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farah Javed
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Abdullah Alyousef
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Mental Hospital Al-Ahsa, Minister of Health, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qandeel Ijaz
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Younas
- Department of Food Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ishrat Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zahra Batool
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University, Sahiwal, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of SST, Information Security, University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
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Li N, Liu C, Qiu L, Shen C, Zhang F, Lu Z, Zhou M, Sheng D, Liu Z. Study on the correlation between lifestyle and negative conversion time in patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a retrospective cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2410. [PMID: 38049851 PMCID: PMC10696701 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17163-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As of early December 2022, China eased the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) restriction, affecting over 80% of the country's population and posing a severe threat to public health. Previous studies mostly focused factors on the severity/mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, but limited studies explored factors associated with virus-negative conversion, particularly lifestyles. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze the correlation between lifestyle factors and the negative conversion time in COVID-19 patients. METHODS We recruited individuals aged 18 years or older who had a clear time record for both the diagnosis and negative conversion of COVID-19 and completed the electronic questionnaire with no missing data. Dietary data collected from the questionnaire was analyzed using exploratory factor analysis to establish dietary patterns. Age segmentation was performed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots. The association between lifestyle factors and the time to negative conversion in different age groups, was assessed using Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox regression analysis. RESULT Out of 514 participants, all achieved viral negative conversion within a median time of 11 days. Based on nutrient intake, we identified four dietary patterns. The relationship between age and negative conversion rate, as depicted by RCS plots, exhibited an inverted "U" shape. We categorized age into three segments: <35 years, 35-45 years, and ≥ 45 years. For individuals under 35, our study indicated that a higher protein intake was linked to a faster recovery among COVID-19 patients, while medical staff or those receiving prescription treatments exhibited a slower recovery rate (P < 0.05). The 35 ~ 45 age group showed that adequate sleep and physical exercise were associated with a shorter time to negative conversion, whereas southern regions and a higher intake of carbohydrates were related with a longer conversion time (P < 0.05). Among individuals aged ≥ 45 years, the negative conversion time was primarily associated with physical exercise and being a medical staff member(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our research suggests that adequate sleep, physical exercise and a higher protein intake can help alleviate COVID-19 symptoms, while a higher level of carbohydrates intake may hinder recovery from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chenbing Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhangfan Lu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Menghao Zhou
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Di Sheng
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, Shangcheng District, China.
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12
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Kaya U, Güvenir M, Aykac A. Post-quarantine anxiety and depression levels of COVID-19 positive patients, Northern Cyprus. Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:143-154. [PMID: 38974248 PMCID: PMC11225463 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i4.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 Pandemic, which started to be seen in Northern Cyprus (NC) as of March 2020, has affected the psychological mood of many people in our country as well as all over the world. Objectives It was aimed to evaluate the post-illness anxiety and depression levels of people who were diagnosed with COVID-19 positive, completed the quarantine period and then received a negative PCR report. Methods Through the questionnaire used in the study carried out between 1-30 April 2021, the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants and their personal experiences about COVID-19 were questioned and they were asked to answer the questions about the hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale. Results The average score of the participants (n=120) in the HAD scale was determined as 11.66±5.90. According to the average scores of the scale, the anxiety and depression levels of the patients fall into the category of '11 and above abnormal'. The patients' general average scores of anxieties were 6.20±3.48 (normal) and depression was 5.46±3.55 (normal). Conclusion Although it was determined that the HAD scores of the individuals from NC infected with COVID-19 were not high, most of them needed psychological support as they stated in their own statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Kaya
- Cyprus International University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Meryem Güvenir
- Cyprus Health and Social Sciences University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Morphou, Cyprus
| | - Asli Aykac
- Near East University, Department of Biophysics, Nicosia, Cyprus
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13
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Nawaiseh HK, Abdelrahim DN, Al-Domi H, Al-Assaf MS, Al-Nawaiseh FK. The impact of vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc supplements on immune status among Jordanian adults during COVID-19: cross-sectional study findings. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2251. [PMID: 37968651 PMCID: PMC10652433 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17172-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Nutritional status is essential for the maintenance of the immune system, with malnutrition suppressing immunity. The aims of the current study were to assess the immune status of a group of Jordanian adults and to evaluate the association between vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc consumption and the Immune Status during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A total of 615 adults Jordanian participants were enrolled in this study, an online- based cross sectional survey was used as a tool for this study. Data was collected by distributing the questionnaire form link through social media platforms. The association between ISQ score and the supplement intake pattern (daily, weekly, monthly and rarely) was assessed using multinomial logistic regression analysis, described as Odds ratio and 95% CI. RESULTS Data have indicated that the majority of the participants did not take Vitamin D supplements during the pandemic (46.3%). Also, there was a significant association between the frequency of Vitamin D supplement intake and ISQ (r = 12.777; P < 0.05). Data showed that the majority of participants used vitamin C supplementation (49.4%). Also, there was a significant association between the frequency of Vitamin C supplement intake and ISQ (r = 12.797; P < 0.05). Data also have indicated that the majority of the participants did not increase their consumption of Zinc during the COVID-19 pandemic (55.6%). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest a significant association between the frequency of Vitamin D, and vitamin C supplement intake and ISQ. Nutritional status is essential for the maintenance of the immune system, with malnutrition suppressing immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala K Nawaiseh
- Department of nutrition and food technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Dana N Abdelrahim
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Sharjah University, 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hayder Al-Domi
- Department of nutrition and food technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, 11942, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammad S Al-Assaf
- Department of Ears, Nose and Throat, King Hussein Medical Centre (KHMC), Amman, Jordan
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14
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Wiśniewski OW, Czyżniewski B, Żukiewicz-Sobczak W, Gibas-Dorna M. Nutritional Behavior in European Countries during COVID-19 Pandemic-A Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3451. [PMID: 37571387 PMCID: PMC10420667 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is highly linked with hyperinflammation and dysfunction of the immune cells. Studies have shown that adequate nutrition, a modifiable factor affecting immunity and limiting systemic inflammation, may play an adjunct role in combating the negative consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Due to the global lockdown conditions, the COVID-19 pandemic has contributed, among others, to restrictions on fresh food availability and changes in lifestyle and eating behaviors. The aim of this paper was to review the data regarding eating habits in European countries within the general population of adults and some specific subpopulations, including obese, diabetic, and psychiatric patients, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The PubMed database and the official websites of medical organizations and associations were searched for the phrases "COVID" and "eating habits". Papers regarding the pediatric population, non-European countries, presenting aggregated data from different countries worldwide, and reviews were excluded. During the COVID-19 pandemic, unhealthy lifestyles and eating behaviors were commonly reported. These included increased snacking, intake of caloric foods, such as sweets, pastries, and beverages, and a decline in physical activity. Data suggest that poor eating habits that create a positive energy balance have persisted over time as an additional post-COVID negative consequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oskar Wojciech Wiśniewski
- Department of Cardiology-Intensive Therapy and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 49 Przybyszewskiego Street, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Bartłomiej Czyżniewski
- Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Street, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland;
| | - Wioletta Żukiewicz-Sobczak
- Department of Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Health Sciences, Calisia University, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Gibas-Dorna
- Collegium Medicum, Institute of Health Sciences, University of Zielona Gora, 28 Zyty Street, 65-046 Zielona Gora, Poland
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15
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Aghajani M, Wong A, Azimi M, Harijani SM. Association between dietary antioxidant quality score and severity of coronavirus infection: a case-control study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1174113. [PMID: 37485392 PMCID: PMC10358364 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1174113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the association between the dietary antioxidant quality score (DAQS) and the severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present case-control study was carried out on 295 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (≥18 years old), including 104 critical patients (Intensive care unit [ICU] admission) and 191 COVID-19 patients without severe complications (Non-intensive care unit [Non-ICU] patients) as cases. Dietary intake was assessed by a 147-item, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression was performed to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the considered risk factors. Our outcomes (after multivariate adjustment) suggested that higher adherence to DAQS was significantly associated with a decreased risk of COVID-19 infection severity (OR = 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04-0.29, p < 0.001). Similar results were seen when analyzed by sex [men (OR = 0.02; 95% CI: 0.002-0.15, p < 0.001) and women (OR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.06-0.68, p = 0.012)]. A significant association between vitamin D3 intake and decreased risk of COVID-19 severity (OR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.89-0.94, p < 0.001) was also observed. Moreover, multivariate results revealed that there were no significant associations between vitamin C (OR = 1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00, p = 0.067), vitamin E (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.86-1.11, p = 0.798), zinc (OR = 1.02; 95% CI: 0.86-1.20, p = 0.805), and selenium (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00, p = 0.077) intakes with the risk of COVID-19 severity. However, subgroup analyses by sex suggested a significant association between vitamin C intake and the risk of COVID-19 infection severity in women (OR = 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00-1.00, p = 0.028). Our findings showed a negative association between DAQS adherence and the risk of COVID-19 infection severity. Our results may be used to develop potential dietary therapies to decrease COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobina Aghajani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Mehdi Azimi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Firoozgar General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadmehr Mirdar Harijani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
- Athletic Performance and Health Research Center, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
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16
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Zhang H, Zhou Z. Association of gut microbiota and dietary component intake with COVID-19: A mendelian randomization study. Clin Nutr 2023; 42:1308-1313. [PMID: 37385185 PMCID: PMC10286570 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence has indicated that alterations in the gut microbiota and nutritional quality of dietary intake were associated with COVID-19. Whether these associations reflect causality is still unknown. METHODS We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using genetic variants as instrumental variables for gut microbiota, dietary component intake, and COVID-19. FINDINGS We found that the Ruminococcustorques group genus was significantly associated with COVID-19. The Ruminococcaceae UCG013 genus and Ruminococcus1 genus were suggestively associated with COVID-19. The Actinobacteria class, Bifidobacteriales order, Bifidobacteriaceae genus, R. group, and Tyzzerella3 genus were potentially associated with severe COVID-19. COVID-19 was significantly associated with the Lachnospira genus, Oscillospira, and RuminococcaceaeUCG009 genus and potentially associated with the Victivallis genus. Severe COVID-19 was significantly associated with the Turicibacter and Olsenella genus and potentially associated with Ruminococcus1, CandidatusSoleaferrea, and Parasutterella genus. Moreover, processed meat intake was significantly associated with COVID-19. Beef intake was suggestively associated with COVID-19. Salt added to food intake, and fresh fruit intake was suggestively associated with severe COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence supporting a causal effect of gut microbiota and dietary intake on COVID-19. We also found the causal effect of COVID-19 on the alteration of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zengyuan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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17
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Srivastava N, Rathia SK, Dey C, Shukla A, T P, Singh S, Anand V. The Assessment of the Spectrum of Preventive Measures Taken by Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Survey-Based Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41073. [PMID: 37519624 PMCID: PMC10375825 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic created havoc and confusion in choosing appropriate treatment, as well as prophylaxis, due to its rapid surge, disease novelty, and lack of evidence-based literature. It was even more concerning among the healthcare workers (HCWs), who had to take care of patients, themselves, and their own families. OBJECTIVE This online survey-based study targeted finding the various options for COVID-19 precautionary or prophylactic measures opted for by HCWs. METHODOLOGY This was an observational study based on a predesigned questionnaire, which was floated online for three months after institutional ethical approval, just after the first wave of COVID-19 in 2021, targeting HCWs of different cadres (doctors, nurses, paramedics/laboratory technicians, etc.), ages, and sexes and HCWs hailing from across the country. Questions were focused on HCW's adopted measures, the order of preference and its reasons, and concerns related to safety and efficacy. Data was collected through Google Forms (Google, Inc., Mountain View, CA) into an Excel spreadsheet (Microsoft® Corp., Redmond, WA) and analyzed by the latest Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY) using appropriate statistics. RESULTS The routine practice of standard precautionary measures (face mask, hand hygiene, and social distancing) and wearing a personal protective equipment (PPE) kit during the care of COVID-19-positive or COVID-19-suspected patients was adopted by the majority of HCWs, i.e., 306/312 (>98%) irrespective of cadre (p = 0.001). After the "routine measures," the most adopted measure by participant HCWs irrespective of profession, age, and gender was the consumption of allopathic drugs (n = 188; 60.26%). Anti-COVID-19 measures in the category of drugs used by healthcare providers (HCPs) were prophylactic allopathic drugs (60.26%), homeopathic drugs (11.86%), and other Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH)/traditional medical system drugs (11.86%). Vitamin C was the most consumed among all of the drugs for COVID-19 prophylaxis purposes. Non-drug measures espoused by the HCPs were physical exercises (46.47%), increased sleep duration (35.89%), change in dietary habits (42.62%), and spiritual measures (19.23%). CONCLUSION The fear of COVID-19 imposed on the HCPs the obligation to use all the available preventive measures in spite of the lack of evidence on actual benefits. After the routine infection preventive measures, the most adopted measure by participant HCWs irrespective of profession, age, and gender was the consumption of prophylactic allopathic drugs (>60%), and the most non-drug preventive measures were the initiation of physical exercises and change in dietary habits. Adapting some form of physical exercise was more noted with males than females (p = 0.001), and it significantly increased with HCPs of higher age of >25 and >40 years than younger HCPs (58.6% versus 29.3%; p = 0.016). Females preferred more dietary and nutritional modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Srivastava
- General Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, IND
| | - Santosh K Rathia
- Trauma and Emergency (Pediatric Emergency Medicine), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Chandan Dey
- Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Arvind Shukla
- Community and Family Medicine/Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Pugazhenthan T
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
| | - Sunita Singh
- Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, IND
| | - Varun Anand
- Trauma and Emergency (Pediatric Emergency Medicine), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, IND
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Krupa-Kotara K, Wojtas G, Grajek M, Grot M, Rozmiarek M, Wypych-Ślusarska A, Oleksiuk K, Głogowska-Ligus J, Słowiński J. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nutrition, Sleep, Physical Activity, and Mood Disorders of Polish Children. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081928. [PMID: 37111147 PMCID: PMC10146110 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The harmful consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on children are its impact on eating habits, physical activity, sleep, and mood disorders. In the future, this may result in a higher prevalence of obesity and diet-related diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's eating behavior and lifestyle. The study was conducted using a proprietary questionnaire on dietary and lifestyle habits before and during the pandemic, and the reasons for changes due to the pandemic. The study involved 294 parents of children in grades 1-8 in elementary schools in two regions of Poland. The survey showed that during the pandemic, the percentage of children eating five regular meals daily, including fruits and vegetables, and engaging in daily physical activity decreased. However, the percentage of children spending more than 4 h a day in front of a screen increased (p < 0.05). The main reasons for changes in eating habits and physical activity were less eating out, lack of motivation, obstruction, and lack of access to sports facilities (p < 0.05). The pandemic had a significant impact on reduced levels of physical activity and increased time spent in front of a screen. In summary, among the reasons for changes in children's dietary and lifestyle habits, factors related to the pandemic itself, i.e., social restrictions, restrictions, closure of schools and other facilities, and fear of coronavirus infection, had the greatest impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Krupa-Kotara
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Gabriela Wojtas
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Mateusz Grajek
- Department of Public Health, Department of Public Health Policy, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Martina Grot
- Student Scientific Society, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
- Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Rozmiarek
- Department of Sports Tourism, Faculty of Physical Culture Sciences, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Klaudia Oleksiuk
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Joanna Głogowska-Ligus
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Jerzy Słowiński
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Rust P, Ekmekcioglu C. The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5400. [PMID: 37048015 PMCID: PMC10093865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Nutrients and diets have an important impact on our immune system and infection risk and a huge number of papers have been published dealing with various aspects of nutrition in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection risk or COVID-19 severity. This narrative review aims to give an update on this association and tries to summarize some of the most important findings after three years of pandemic. The analysis of major studies and systematic reviews leads to the conclusion that a healthy plant-based diet reduces the risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection and especially COVID-19 severity. Regarding micronutrients, vitamin D is to the fore, but also zinc, vitamin C and, to some extent, selenium may play a role in COVID-19. Furthermore, omega-3-fatty acids with their anti-inflammatory effects also deserve attention. Therefore, a major aim of societal nutritional efforts in future should be to foster a high quality plant-based diet, which not only exerts beneficial effects on the immune system but also reduces the risk for non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes or obesity which are also primary risk factors for worse COVID-19 outcomes. Another aim should be to focus on a good supply of critical immune-effective nutrients, such as vitamin D and zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Rust
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cem Ekmekcioglu
- Department of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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20
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Barh D, Aburjaile FF, Tavares TS, da Silva ME, Bretz GPM, Rocha IFM, Dey A, de Souza RP, Góes-Neto A, Ribeiro SP, Alzahrani KJ, Alghamdi AA, Alzahrani FM, Halawani IF, Tiwari S, Aljabali AAA, Lundstrom K, Azevedo V, Ganguly NK. Indian food habit & food ingredients may have a role in lowering the severity & high death rate from COVID-19 in Indians: findings from the first nutrigenomic analysis. Indian J Med Res 2023; 157:293-303. [PMID: 37102510 PMCID: PMC10438415 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1701_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives During the COVID-19 pandemic, the death rate was reportedly 5-8 fold lower in India which is densely populated as compared to less populated western countries. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary habits were associated with the variations in COVID-19 severity and deaths between western and Indian population at the nutrigenomics level. Methods In this study nutrigenomics approach was applied. Blood transcriptome of severe COVID-19 patients from three western countries (showing high fatality) and two datasets from Indian patients were used. Gene set enrichment analyses were performed for pathways, metabolites, nutrients, etc., and compared for western and Indian samples to identify the food- and nutrient-related factors, which may be associated with COVID-19 severity. Data on the daily consumption of twelve key food components across four countries were collected and a correlation between nutrigenomics analyses and per capita daily dietary intake was investigated. Results Distinct dietary habits of Indians were observed, which may be associated with low death rate from COVID-19. Increased consumption of red meat, dairy products and processed foods by western populations may increase the severity and death rate by activating cytokine storm-related pathways, intussusceptive angiogenesis, hypercapnia and enhancing blood glucose levels due to high contents of sphingolipids, palmitic acid and byproducts such as CO2 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Palmitic acid also induces ACE2 expression and increases the infection rate. Coffee and alcohol that are highly consumed in western countries may increase the severity and death rates from COVID-19 by deregulating blood iron, zinc and triglyceride levels. The components of Indian diets maintain high iron and zinc concentrations in blood and rich fibre in their foods may prevent CO2 and LPS-mediated COVID-19 severity. Regular consumption of tea by Indians maintains high high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low triglyceride in blood as catechins in tea act as natural atorvastatin. Importantly, regular consumption of turmeric in daily food by Indians maintains strong immunity and curcumin in turmeric may prevent pathways and mechanisms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity and lowered the death rate. Interpretation & conclusions Our results suggest that Indian food components suppress cytokine storm and various other severity related pathways of COVID-19 and may have a role in lowering severity and death rates from COVID-19 in India as compared to western populations. However, large multi-centered case-control studies are required to support our current findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics & Applied Biotechnology, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
- Department of Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávia Figueira Aburjaile
- Department of Preventative Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thais Silva Tavares
- Department of Laboratory of Algorithms in Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Igor Fernando Martins Rocha
- Department of Centre of Research on Health Vulnerability, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Annesha Dey
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics & Applied Biotechnology, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India
| | - Renan Pedra de Souza
- Department of Laboratory of Integrative Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Department of Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sérvio Pontes Ribeiro
- Department of Laboratory of Ecology of Diseases & Forests, Nucleus of Biological Research, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | - Khalid J. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A. Alghamdi
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad M. Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Faisal Halawani
- Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sandeep Tiwari
- Department of Post-Graduation Programs in Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Alaa A. A. Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Vasco Azevedo
- Department of Genetics, Ecology & Evolution, Institute of Biological Sciences, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Nirmal Kumar Ganguly
- Policy Center for Biomedical Research, Translational Health Science & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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Mandal SK, Tare M, Deepa PR. COVID-19 infection and metabolic comorbidities: Mitigating role of nutritional sufficiency and drug - nutraceutical combinations of vitamin D. HUMAN NUTRITION & METABOLISM 2023; 31:200179. [PMID: 38620788 PMCID: PMC9762046 DOI: 10.1016/j.hnm.2022.200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The vulnerability of human health is amplified in recent times with global increase in non-communicable diseases (due to lifestyle changes and environmental insults) and infectious diseases (caused by newer pathogens and drug-resistance strains). Clinical management of diseases is further complicated by disease severity caused by other comorbid factors. Drug-based therapy may not be the sole approach, particularly in scenarios like the COVID-19 pandemic, where there is no specific drug against SARS-CoV-2. Nutritional interventions are significant in armouring human populations in disease prevention, and as adjunctive therapy for disease alleviation. Amidst ongoing clinical trials to determine the efficacy of Vit. D against infections and associated complications, this review examines the pleiotropic benefits of nutritional adequacy of vitamin D (Vit. D) in combating viral infections (COVID-19), its severity and complications due to co-morbidities (obesity, diabetes, stroke and Kawasaki disease), based on research findings and clinical studies. Supplements of Vit. D in combination with other nutrients, and drugs, are suggested as promising preventive-health and adjunct-treatment strategies in the clinical management of viral infections with metabolic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - Meghana Tare
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
| | - P R Deepa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, India
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22
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Lin P, Hillstrom K, Gottesman K, Jia Y, Kuo T, Robles B. Financial and Other Life Stressors, Psychological Distress, and Food and Beverage Consumption among Students Attending a Large California State University during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3668. [PMID: 36834363 PMCID: PMC9965632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic abruptly disrupted the daily lives and health of college students across the United States. This study investigated several stressors (e.g., financial strain/uncertainty), psychological distress, and dietary behaviors among college students attending a large state university during the pandemic. A cross-sectional online survey was administered to students from the California State University, Los Angeles between April and May 2021 (final analytic sample n = 736). Differences in gender and race/ethnicity were examined using chi-square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA tests. Paired t-tests were performed to compare variables before and during the pandemic. Negative binomial regression models examined the associations between various stressors, psychological distress, and three key dietary outcomes. Descriptive results showed that the consumption of fruits and vegetables, fast food, and sugary beverages, along with psychological distress, all increased during the pandemic. Significant differences in fruit and vegetable and fast food consumption by gender and race/ethnicity were also observed. In the regression models, several stressors, including financial strain and psychological distress, were associated with unfavorable food and beverage consumption, thereby suggesting that college students may need more support in mitigating these stressors so they do not manifest as poor dietary behaviors. Poor diet quality is associated with poor physical health outcomes such as premature development of type 2 diabetes or hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, P.O. Box 951722, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kathryn Hillstrom
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Kimberly Gottesman
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, California State University, Los Angeles, 5151 State University Drive, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Yuane Jia
- School of Health Professions, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, 65 Bergen St., Newark, NJ 07101, USA
| | - Tony Kuo
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, P.O. Box 951722, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10880 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 1800, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
- Population Health Program, UCLA Clinical and Translational Science Institute, 10833 Le Conte Ave., BE-144 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brenda Robles
- Research Group on Statistics, Econometrics, and Health (GRECS), University of Girona, Carrer de la Universitat de Girona 10, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Spain
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23
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Ruani MA, Reiss MJ. Susceptibility to COVID-19 Nutrition Misinformation and Eating Behavior Change during Lockdowns: An International Web-Based Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:451. [PMID: 36678321 PMCID: PMC9861671 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand the susceptibility to nutrition-health misinformation related to preventing, treating, or mitigating the risk of COVID-19 during the initial lockdowns around the world, the present international web-based survey study (15 April-15 May 2020) gauged participants' (n = 3707) level of nutrition-health misinformation discernment by presenting them with 25 statements (including unfounded or unproven claims circulated at the time), alongside the influence of information sources of varying quality on the frequency of changes in their eating behavior and the extent of misinformation held, depending on the source used for such changes. Results revealed widespread misinformation about food, eating, and health practices related to COVID-19, with the 25 statements put to participants receiving up to 43% misinformed answers (e.g., 'It is safe to eat fruits and vegetables that have been washed with soap or diluted bleach'). Whereas higher quality information sources (nutrition scientists, nutrition professionals) had the biggest influence on eating behavior change, we found greater misinformation susceptibility when relying on poor quality sources for changing diet. Appropriate discernment of misinformation was weakest amongst participants who more frequently changed their eating behavior because of information from poor quality sources, suggesting disparities in the health risks/safety of the changes performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Ruani
- Curriculum, Pedagogy and Assessment, IOE, UCL’s Faculty of Education and Society, University College London, London WC1E 0ALT, UK
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24
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Pfeifer D, Rešetar J, Czlapka-Matyasik M, Bykowska-Derda A, Kolay E, Stelcer B, Gajdoš Kljusurić J. Changes in diet quality and its association with students' mental state during two COVID-19 lockdowns in Croatia. Nutr Health 2023:2601060221144139. [PMID: 36604816 PMCID: PMC9827144 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221144139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has left substantial consequences on the mental health of the student population, primarily through an increase in the symptoms of acute stress and anxiety. Aim: This study evaluated diet quality and its association with mental state among Croatian students during the spring and winter COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020. Methods: Data were collected using an anonymous online self-reported questionnaire taken on two occasions. During the spring lockdown (from May 18 to June 7, 2020) and the winter lockdown (from December 14-22, 2020), 751 and 1188 students completed the questionnaire, respectively. Diet quality was determined using the pro-healthy diet index (pHDI) and non-healthy diet index (nHDI). Results: Although to the greatest extent associated with increased white meat, fish, and legumes intake, an increase in pHDI was also linked to increased consumption of water and sweets and decreased intake of processed meat products and nuts. Increased nHDI was mainly due to increased intake of processed meat products, alcohol, and sweets. Moreover, diet quality was higher during the lockdowns than in the periods before. However, diet quality increased to a lesser extent during the winter lockdown and was associated with a poorer mental state, shown as type D (Distressed) personality. Type D personality positively correlated with nHDI and sweets intake but negatively with pHDI, fruit, and vegetable consumption. Conclusion: These results indicate the need to alleviate further students' diet quality and mental state impairment. Also, further investigation of the association between diet quality and mental state should be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijela Pfeifer
- Faculty of Food Technology and
Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Rešetar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry,
University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia,Josip Rešetar, Faculty of Pharmacy and
Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Ante Kovačića 1, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | - Ezgi Kolay
- Department of Human Nutrition and
Dietetics, Poznan University of Life
Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Boguslaw Stelcer
- Department of Human Nutrition and
Dietetics, Poznan University of Life
Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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25
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COVID-19 and renal involvement: a prospective cohort study assessing the impact of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on the kidney function of young healthy males. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:201-209. [PMID: 35877031 PMCID: PMC9310686 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03301-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 frequently affects the kidneys with symptoms ranging from mild proteinuria to progressive acute kidney injury. This prospective study aimed to assess the short- and long-term impact of asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 on the renal function of healthy young adults, and to determine the correlation between viral load and kidney function among these patients. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study conducted over a period of 6 months. Patients were followed-up at baseline, and then after 3 and 6 months, respectively. Real-time PCR cycle threshold (CT) was used to determine the viral load and disease activity. Patients were classified into two groups with either asymptomatic COVID-19 or mild pneumonia. The assessment parameters were variables that could directly or indirectly relate to the renal function. RESULTS A total of 48 patients were included and evaluated. The majority of patients (62.5%) had asymptomatic COVID-19 disease. Patients with mild pneumonia had significantly higher serum creatinine (SCr) at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis (beta = 12.836, 95% CI = 2.405-23.268, P = 0.019), after 3 months (beta = 14.345, 95% CI = 1.149-27.542, P = 0.035), and after 6 months (beta = 14.100, 95% CI = 0.730-27.470, P = 0.040) compared to asymptomatic patients. Mild pneumonia was also significantly associated with lower serum albumin level at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis (beta = - 6.317, 95% CI = - 9.448-- 3.185, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Mild COVID-19 is associated with mild renal involvement without AKI. Changes in the renal function appear to be related to reduced creatinine clearance and possible albumin leakage in the acute phase of the disease. The reduction in creatinine clearance is not predicted by viral load, and it appears to be a long-term effect of the disease that can last for at least 6 months.
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26
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Abraham SA, Agyare DF, Yeboa NK, Owusu-Sarpong AA, Banulanzeki ES, Doku DT, Obiri-Yeboah D. The Influence of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Health Seeking Behaviors of Adults Living With Chronic Conditions: A View Through the Health Belief Model. J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231159459. [PMID: 36935563 PMCID: PMC10028623 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231159459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in disruption in every facet of life including health service delivery. This has threatened the attainment of global targets to improve health and wellbeing of all persons. In particular, for persons living with chronic diseases, who require consistent monitoring by health professionals and medication to enhance their health, understanding how the pandemic has disruption their access to health care delivery is critical for interventions aimed at improving health service delivery for all as well as preparedness for future pandemic. This study applied the constructs of the Health Belief Model, to explore the influences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health seeking behaviors of persons living with chronic diseases. The design was exploratory descriptive. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data among persons living with chronic diseases in the Cape Coast Metropolis of Ghana. Thematic analysis, both inductive and deductive, was conducted to unearth the findings. Awareness of increased susceptibility and risk of a more severe episode if they contracted COVID-19 as a result of the existing chronic diseases was identified. Lack of access to health professionals during the peak of the pandemic as well as the fear of contracting the virus while accessing their regular chronic disease clinic was the main barriers identified. Information in the media served as cues to action for adopting preventive health strategies. Behavior modifications; dietary and lifestyle, self-medication and adoption of COVID-19 related precautions were practiced. Susceptibility to contracting COVID-19 contributed to missed adherence to treatment appointment. The health belief model was a useful framework in exploring the health seeking behavior of the adults living with chronic conditions during the COVID-19 in this study setting. Intensifying targeted education for persons living with chronic diseases will contribute to the adoption of positive health seeking behaviors during future pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Aba Abraham
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Frempomaa Agyare
- Department of Adult Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Naomi Kyeremaa Yeboa
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | | | - David Teye Doku
- Department of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Directorate of Research, Innovation and Consultancy, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Directorate of Research, Innovation and Consultancy, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Clinical Microbiology/Public Health Unit, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
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27
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Hernández-Nava RG, de la Luz Sánchez-Mundo M, García-Barrientos R, Espinosa-Solis V, Villalobos-Aguayo P, Salmerón-Muñiz NN, Anaya-Tacuba JD. Lifestyle Changes among Mexican People during the COVID-19 Lockdown in 2020: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122537. [PMID: 36554061 PMCID: PMC9778622 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic generated a new challenge of our time with different scenarios. For this reason, this work aimed to identify changes in the diet and lifestyle of Mexicans during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study was based on a Google online survey, which contained questions about eating habits, physical activity, and sleep behavior before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. It was conducted from 2 June to 4 July 2020 and included 1004 participants (698 women and 306 men 18 years old and above). The subjects reported the increased frequency of consumption of meat, vegetables, fruits, eggs, legumes, fast food, and alcoholic drinks during the lockdown. Furthermore, subjects reported sleeping more hours than usual and negative changes in sleep quality (insomnia, nightmares, and leg pain or cramps). There was a reduction in practicing 30 min of intense physical activity during the week. On the other hand, there was an increase in the number of hours spent in front of the screen. Participants over 36 years of age performed less physical activity during the COVID-19 lockdown. These results indicated that it is vital to develop national strategies to promote healthy lifestyle habits in the population during pandemic lockdown measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Guadalupe Hernández-Nava
- Escuela Superior de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos Campus Llano Largo, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Carretera Cayaco-Puerto Márquez Parcela 56, 57 y 58, Acapulco 39906, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - María de la Luz Sánchez-Mundo
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Las Choapas, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Carretera Las Choapas-Cerro de Nanchital Km 6.0 Col. J. Mario Rosado, Las Choapas 96980, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Raquel García-Barrientos
- Laboratorio de Procesos Biotecnológicos, Universidad Politécnica de Tlaxcala, Avenida Universidad Politécnica No. 1, Tepeyanco 0180, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | - Vicente Espinosa-Solis
- Coordinación Académica Región Huasteca Sur, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Km 5, Carretera Tamazunchale-San Martin, Tamazunchale 79960, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Patricia Villalobos-Aguayo
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Solidaridad s/n, Acapulco 39350, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Nancy Natividad Salmerón-Muñiz
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Carretera Nacional Chilpancingo, Petaquillas, Ex Rancho Shalako, Chilpancingo 39105, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - José Daniel Anaya-Tacuba
- Escuela Superior de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Carretera Nacional Chilpancingo, Petaquillas, Ex Rancho Shalako, Chilpancingo 39105, Guerrero, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-74-7195-6662
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28
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Manica‐Cattani MF, Hoefel AL, Azzolin VF, Montano MAE, da Cruz Jung IE, Ribeiro EE, Azzolin VF, da Cruz IBM. Amazonian fruits with potential effects on COVID-19 by inflammaging modulation: A narrative review. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14472. [PMID: 36240164 PMCID: PMC9874877 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on the mortality of older adults and, chronic non- transmissible diseases (CNTDs) patients, likely previous inflammaging condition that is common in these subjects. It is possible that functional foods could attenuate viral infection conditions such as SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), the causal agent of COVID-19 pandemic. Previous evidence suggested that some fruits consumed by Amazonian Diet from Pre-Colombian times could present relevant proprieties to decrease of COVID-19 complications such as oxidative-cytokine storm. In this narrative review we identified five potential Amazonian fruits: açai berry (Euterpe oleracea), camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), Brazil nuts (Bertholletia excelsa), and guaraná (Paullinia cupana). Data showed that these Amazonian fruits present antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and other immunomodulatory activities that could attenuate the impact of inflammaging states that potentially decrease the evolution of COVID-19 complications. The evidence compiled here supports the complementary experimental and clinical studies exploring these fruits as nutritional supplement during COVID-19 infection. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: These fruits, in their natural form, are often limited to their region, or exported to other places in the form of frozen pulp or powder. But there are already some companies producing food supplements in the form of capsules, in the form of oils and even functional foods enriched with these fruits. This practice is common in Brazil and tends to expand to the international market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F. Manica‐Cattani
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil,FSG University Center (FSG)Nutrition SchoolCaxias do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Ana L. Hoefel
- FSG University Center (FSG)Nutrition SchoolCaxias do SulRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | | | | | | | - Euler E. Ribeiro
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil
| | - Vitória F. Azzolin
- Open University Foundation for the Third Age (FUnATI)ManausAmazonasBrazil
| | - Ivana B. M. da Cruz
- Post‐Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Department of Physiology and PharmacologyFederal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil,Post‐Graduate Program in GerontologyFederal University of Santa Maria (UFSM)Santa MariaRio Grande do SulBrazil
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29
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Peng JJ, Liu Y, Yu FT, Fan HL, Yue SY, Fang YH, Liu XL, Wang CH. A reliable method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for determining selenoamino acids in selenoproteins from Lactococcus lactis. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1685:463590. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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30
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Brumă IS, Ulman SR, Tanasă L, Cautisanu C. Implications of COVID-19 pandemic on sustainable consumption patterns. Evidence from Iasi County, Romania. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the literature, two broad behavior strategies toward sustainable food consumption are emphasized across the literature. The first strategy is related to sustainable product choices concerning how the outcome is produced, while the second one keeps a check on sustainable dietary patterns in terms of the composition within product categories. Considering these behavior strategies, while focusing especially on purchasing sustainable organic foods and preferring curtailment behaviors, conversion to this type of intake became a relevant objective among the specialists established for attaining sustainability. Consequently, the aim of this study was to observe the main changes in sustainable consumption patterns concerning these behavior strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic (August 2020), compared to the previous period (November–December 2019), in Iasi County, Romania. This study emphasizes an image of daily consumption that has been changed, at least regarding some specific aspects, due to the pandemic in the investigated Romanian context. First, the tendency to shop more during the working days could be generally observed and completed by the fact that the consumers felt safer in open spaces, like the food markets, compared to close spaces, be they supermarkets or grocery stores. Next, other main results showed that (1) the responsibility of consumers increased with regard to the purchase and waste of fresh vegetables and meat, preferring to buy more often and throw away less during the pandemic; (2) the behavior strategy in terms of organic food seemed to be discouraged in this period; and (3) local food appeared to have increased consumers' support. In addition, the pandemic crisis was shown as a driver in the digitalization of the shopping process. Accordingly, the COVID-19 pandemic seemed to have significant effects on sustainable consumption over the short and (at least) medium run, determining some changes in consumption patterns that could support, to a considerable extent, the effort of attaining a more sustainable path. However, our findings revealed some gaps in terms of societal knowledge about sustainable consumption and, consequently, call for the necessity of educating individuals on what this concept really means and why it is important to be achieved.
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31
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Onyenweaku EO, Tchuenchieu AK, Kesa H. COVID-19 preventives consumed in South Africa versus other Sub-Saharan African countries. Health SA 2022; 27:2061. [DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v27i0.2061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Roy PK, Song MG, Jeon EB, Kim SH, Park SY. Effects of dietary intake behavior, food supply, nutrition, and health during the COVID-19 outbreak. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1032750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which began in 2019, has far-reaching ramifications, including economic losses and health challenges that still affect various parts of the world. During our review, we learned that the entire world is working to stop the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. We explore ways that may lower the danger of SARS-CoV-2 contamination and useful strategies to avoid the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 spreading through food. While hygienic protocols are required in the food supply sector, cleaning, disinfection, and the avoidance of cross-contamination across food categories and other related goods at different stages of the manufacturing process remain especially important because the virus can survive for long periods of time on inert materials such as food packaging. Furthermore, personal hygiene (regular washing and disinfection), wearing gloves and using masks, garments, and footwear dedicated to maintaining hygiene provide on-site safety for food sector personnel, supply chain intermediaries, and consumers. Restrictions imposed in response to the pandemic (e.g., closure of physical workplaces, canteens, cafes, restaurants, schools, and childcare institutions), changes in household grocery shopping frequency, individuals' perceived risk of COVID-19, income losses due to the pandemic, and sociodemographic factors are among the factors. The conclusions drawn from this study consider the implications of healthy diets, food system resilience, behavior change, and nutritional imbalance for policymakers and food supply chain participants, as well as the antimicrobial effects of vitamins and nutrients. During a public health crisis, people should eat less, necessitating preventive policies and nutritional advice to deal with this.
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33
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Veljković M, Pavlović DR, Stojanović NM, Džopalić T, Popović Dragonjić L. Behavioral and Dietary Habits That Could Influence Both COVID-19 and Non-Communicable Civilization Disease Prevention-What Have We Learned Up to Now? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1686. [PMID: 36422225 PMCID: PMC9695647 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58111686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
The massive expansion of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has urged countries to introduce lockdowns and set restrictive actions worldwide. The focus of the studies was to determine how COVID-19 induces damage to the lungs in order to find an alternative or adjuvant therapy that could lead to preventing COVID-19 or at least ameliorating it. This paper aims to survey the literature and provide new insights into behavioral and dietary habits that could influence the prevention of COVID-19. Maintaining an adequate mental health status, sleep, and taking moderate exercise are often disrupted in the conditions of lockdown and are followed by weakened immunity. Mediterranean and vegetarian diets are superior to other eating patterns in terms of immunity boosting and fighting COVID-19. Our study showed how adequate hydration, green tea intake, and supplementation with vitamins D, C, and E can increase our chances of avoiding the infection and even help us sleep better. Another focus of the research was on determining what level of hygiene really increases one's chances of not contracting SARS-CoV-2, but this seems a little counter-intuitive at first. Since an immunocompromised state is a familiar predisposing factor for all contagious diseases, maintaining healthy behavioral and dietary habits could be a crucial step in boosting immunity and preventing COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Veljković
- Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Dragana R. Pavlović
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | | | - Tanja Džopalić
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
| | - Lidija Popović Dragonjić
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
- Clinic for Infectology, University Clinical Center Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia
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Wirnitzer KC, Motevalli M, Tanous DR, Wirnitzer G, Wagner KH, Cocca A, Schätzer M, Kirschner W, Drenowatz C, Ruedl G. Study Protocol of "Sustainably Healthy-From Science 2 Highschool & University"-Prevalence of Mixed, Vegetarian, and Vegan Diets Linked to Sports & Exercise among Austrian Tertiary Students and Lecturers/Academic Staff. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15313. [PMID: 36430039 PMCID: PMC9690980 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Healthy lifestyle is the major indicator of individual and public health especially in target populations (e.g., during emerging adulthood). Evidence indicates that unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are strongly associated with the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. The dual approach of sustainable health (i.e., physical exercise tied to a healthy diet) is an effective lifestyle strategy to control and manage health-related disorders, including overweight/obesity. Based on the evidence on plant-based diets regarding health and considering the growing prevalence of vegans and vegetarians worldwide, limited data exist on the health-related behaviors of those who follow plant-based vs. mixed diets in young adulthood. This multidisciplinary study is the first to examine the association between diet type (mixed, vegetarian, and vegan diets) and various health-related behaviors (primarily physical activity, sport, & exercise) among college/university students and lecturers/academic staff in Austria nationwide. Following a cross-sectional study design and using online questionnaires, 4510 tertiary students and 1043 lecturers/academic staff provided data on sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, physical exercise habits, and other lifestyle behaviors (sleep, alcohol intake, smoking, etc.) along with information on health status and quality of life. While the data will be analyzed based on differentiated sociodemographic and health-related categories, the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle behaviors will also be evaluated. As a study protocol, this article represents comprehensive details of the design, purposes, and associated analytical measures of the present study within the tertiary educational context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C. Wirnitzer
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, Leopold-Franzens University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, 6010 Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Armando Cocca
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Schätzer
- Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology and Nutrition—SIPCAN, 5061 Elsbethen, Austria
| | - Werner Kirschner
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Khorasanchi Z, Ahmadihoseini A, Hajhoseini O, Zare-Feyzabadi R, Haghighi M, Heidari M, Esfehani AJ, Dehnavi Z, Sharifan P, Rashidianyazd S, Latifi M, Rastgooy F, Ildarabadi D, Bajgiran MM, Soflaei SS, Ferns G, Mobarhan MG. Adherence to dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet in relation to psychological function in recovered COVID-19 patients: a case–control study. BMC Nutr 2022; 8:130. [DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00633-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Follow-up of patients after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and identifying the adverse effects of the disease in other organs is necessary. Psychiatric symptoms can persist after patients recover from the infection.
Aim
We aimed to examine the adherence to the dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) diet in relation to psychological function in individuals who have recovered from COVID-19.
Method
This case–control study was conducted on 246 eligible adults (123 cases and 123 controls). A valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to determine dietary intake. Depression, anxiety and stress, insomnia, sleep quality, and quality of life of participants were evaluated using DASS, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and SF-36 questionnaires, respectively.
Results
There was a significant inverse correlation between total depression score with vegetables, depression, anxiety, and stress score and dietary intake of nuts, legumes, and whole grains (p < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between stress scores and the intake of red and processed meat (P < 0.05). In multivariate-adjusted regression model, a significant association was found between adherence to DASH diet and depression and stress only in case group (OR = 0.7863, 95% CI 0.746–0.997, p = 0.046 and OR = 0.876, 95% CI 0.771–0.995, p = 0.042, respectively).
Conclusion
Adherence to a DASH diet might be associated with depression and stress reduction in recovered COVID-19 patients.
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Mixed-method assessment of caregiver feeding practices in early care and education centres during COVID-19. Public Health Nutr 2022; 26:12-22. [PMID: 36345562 PMCID: PMC9744446 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980022002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic changed early care and education (ECE) mealtimes. Feeding practices that support children's emerging autonomy may support children's healthy eating, but it is unknown whether and how COVID-19 changed feeding practices. This paper describes caregiver feeding practices in ECE centres in Florida during COVID-19. DESIGN A mixed-methods design was used to understand mealtime feeding practices. Survey and interview questions were developed based on the Trust Model. More than 7000 surveys were sent to ECE centres. Analysis included descriptive statistics for survey data and thematic analysis for interview data. SETTING This statewide study included teachers in all licensed and license-exempt ECE centres. PARTICIPANTS Four hundred and thirty-one teachers completed a survey, and twenty-nine participated in follow-up interviews. RESULTS Surveys showed most teachers engaged in autonomy-supportive behaviours, such as letting children eat until they were finished (90 %). The most common controlling behaviour was praising children for cleaning their plates (70 %). The most common responses about changes to mealtimes were keeping physical distance and serving healthy food. Interview themes were Autonomy Support, Controlling Feeding Practices, Interactions are the Same, Interactions are Different, Physical Distancing and Healthy Eating. CONCLUSIONS Mealtimes are a central part of the day for young children and teachers in ECE environments. COVID-19 continues to influence ECE routines as behaviour change remains the primary method of reducing the risk of COVID-19 in the absence of a vaccine for young children. Understanding teachers' practices and perspectives is important for reducing the risk of COVID-19 and supporting children's autonomy and healthy eating.
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Baeribameng Yiran GA, Atubiga JA, Kusimi JM, Kwang C, Owusu AB. Adaptation to perennial flooding and food insecurity in the Sudan savannah agroecological zone of Ghana. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114037. [PMID: 35952737 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Flooding is one of the most destructive climatic hazards which has affected agricultural activities in the world, especially Sub-Saharan Africa. This article investigated the impact of the recurrent annual floods on food production and how subsistent farmers have adapted to resultant food insecurity in the Sudan Savannah agroecological zone of Ghana. The specific objectives of the study were to understand the nature of flooding (frequency, period and extent of coverage of flood water), how the perennial floods contribute to food insecurity, how farmers adapt to it to contribute towards policy development on flood control and improve food security. Primary data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions and field observation. Secondary data were obtained from documents and reports from NADMO and MOFA. The questionnaires were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science and the focus group discussions, interviews, and fieldwork were analyzed manually using content analysis. The findings show that the study areas experience floods every year. Between 2007 and 2018, eleven floods event occurred in the study communities. The floods usually occur around August and September when rainfall is torrential coupled with overflow from the spillage of the Bagre dam upstream. The flooding has resulted in a decline in food production among subsistent farmers. As a result, households in study communities are food insecure. Farmers have learned to cope with floods/food insecurity by engaging in alternative livelihoods such as flood recession farming, dry season farming, petty trading. They have also employed other means such as rationings of food and social networks cope with food insecurity. In all these strategies, women play a critical role as they are largely in charge of food preparation and dishing. The study recommends strengthening of the alternative livelihoods, introduction of short maturing crop varieties, sensitisation of women on the preparation of healthy meals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Aloba Atubiga
- Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Clement Kwang
- Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Alex Barimah Owusu
- Department of Geography and Resource Development, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
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Azzolino D, Spolidoro GCI, Mazzocchi A, Agostoni C, Cesari M. When the Pandemic Will Be Over: Lots of Hope and Some Concerns. Geriatrics (Basel) 2022; 7:116. [PMID: 36286219 PMCID: PMC9602026 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7050116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly threatened healthcare systems worldwide. The worst-hit population has been represented by older people with underlying chronic comorbidities, while children and adolescents developed mild or asymptomatic forms of the disease. However, certain medical conditions (i.e., obesity, respiratory, or neurological or immune disorders) may increase the risk for poor health outcomes even in young and middle-aged people. Beyond the direct negative effects of the infection, the pandemic posed several health challenges through an increase in psycho-social issues (i.e., anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep alterations, loneliness, reduced assistance, and loss of income). Accordingly, the pandemic is negatively impacting the accumulation of the functional reserves of each individual, starting from early life. With the long-term effects of the pandemic to be seen in the coming years, clinicians must be prepared to manage such high clinical complexity of people they encounter, through the implementation of multidimensional and multidisciplinary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Azzolino
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Mazzocchi
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Intermediate Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical and Community Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
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BONETTI GABRIELE, MEDORI MARIACHIARA, FIORETTI FRANCESCO, FARRONATO MARCO, NODARI SAVINA, LORUSSO LORENZO, TARTAGLIA GIANLUCAMARTINO, FARRONATO GIAMPIETRO, BELLINATO FRANCESCO, GISONDI PAOLO, CONNELLY STEPHENTHADDEUS, BERTELLI MATTEO. Dietary supplements for the management of COVID-19 symptoms. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E221-E227. [PMID: 36479480 PMCID: PMC9710408 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, caused a pandemic in 2020, which is only recently slowing down. The symptoms of COVID-19 range from cough to fever and pneumonia and may persist beyond the active state of the infection, in a condition called post-COVID syndrome. The aim of this paper is to review the relationship between COVID-19 and nutrition and to discuss to most up-to-date dietary supplements proposed for COVID-19 treatment and prevention. Nutrition and nutritional dysregulations, such as obesity and malnutrition, are prominent risk factors for severe COVID-19. These factors exert anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory effects on the immune system, thus exacerbating or reducing the immunological response against the virus. As for the nutritional habits, the Western diet induces a chronic inflammatory state, whereas the Mediterranean diet exerts anti-inflammatory effects and has been proposed for ameliorating COVID-19 evolution and symptoms. Several vaccines have been researched and commercialized for COVID-19 prevention, whereas several drugs, although clinically tested, have not shown promising effects. To compensate for the lack of treatment, several supplements have been recommended for preventing or ameliorating COVID-19 symptoms. Thus, it is critical to review the dietary supplements proposed for COVID-19 treatment. Supplements containing α-cyclodextrin and hydroxytyrosol exhibited promising effects in several clinical trials and reduced the severity of the outcomes and the duration of the infection. Moreover, a supplement containing hydroxytyrosol, acetyl L-carnitine, and vitamins B, C, and D improved the symptoms of patients with post-COVID syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- GABRIELE BONETTI
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Gabriele Bonetti, MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | | | - FRANCESCO FIORETTI
- Department of Cardiology, University of Brescia and ASST “Spedali Civili” Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - MARCO FARRONATO
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - SAVINA NODARI
- Department of Cardiology, University of Brescia and ASST “Spedali Civili” Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - LORENZO LORUSSO
- UOC Neurology and Stroke Unit, ASST Lecco, Merate (LC), Italy
| | - GIANLUCA MARTINO TARTAGLIA
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - GIAMPIETRO FARRONATO
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan; Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - FRANCESCO BELLINATO
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - PAOLO GISONDI
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGI Euregio, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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Investigation of the Relationship between Covid-19 Pandemic and Consumption Behavior, Nutrition Habits, Physiological Activity and Complementary Medicine Practices in Different Age and Profession Groups. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.1084706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study, on this basis of Turkey, determined physiological factors affecting individuals' being infected by the COVID-19 virus.
Material and Methods: For this purpose, on 1103 individuals above the age of 18; necessary data are collected and assessed.
Results: The women went through COVID-19 more severely when compared with men. It is also seen that smokers were less infected by COVID-19. It is seen that sunbathing, exercises, sleeping and using minerals did not have positive effects against the disease; usage of plant-based agents did not have positive effects on individuals' resistance against COVID-19 on severeness of the disease and results obtained after usage of medicines; surprisingly, individuals, who used probiotics/prebiotics were in a disadvantageous position against COVID-19. It is seen that individuals had significant changes in their feeding habits. Participants mostly preferred organic animal-based products. It is also seen that there were significant changes in individuals' habits on consumption. It is determined that there was a decrease in the amount of shopping from supermarkets, while at the same time, there was an increase in the amount of shopping from online platforms.
Conclusions: The COVID 19 pandemic disrupted many known memories for other pandemics and led to unique new situations.
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Hernández-Díazcouder A, González-Ramírez J, Sanchez F, Leija-Martínez JJ, Martínez-Coronilla G, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Sánchez-Muñoz F. Negative Effects of Chronic High Intake of Fructose on Lung Diseases. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194089. [PMID: 36235741 PMCID: PMC9571075 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the modern diet, excessive fructose intake (>50 g/day) had been driven by the increase, in recent decades, of the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages. This phenomenon has dramatically increased within the Caribbean and Latin American regions. Epidemiological studies show that chronic high intake of fructose related to sugar-sweetened beverages increases the risk of developing several non-communicable diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, and may also contribute to the exacerbation of lung diseases, such as COVID-19. Evidence supports several mechanisms—such as dysregulation of the renin−angiotensin system, increased uric acid production, induction of aldose reductase activity, production of advanced glycation end-products, and activation of the mTORC1 pathway—that can be implicated in lung damage. This review addresses how these pathophysiologic and molecular mechanisms may explain the lung damage resulting from high intake of fructose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier González-Ramírez
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Campus Mexicali, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sanchez
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Production, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | - José J. Leija-Martínez
- Master and Doctorate Program in Medical, Dental, and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Research Laboratory of Pharmacology, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Gustavo Martínez-Coronilla
- Histology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Campus Mexicali, Mexicali 21100, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Fausto Sánchez-Muñoz
- Department of Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5573-2911 (ext. 21310)
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Jirjees F, Barakat M, Shubbar Q, Othman B, Alzubaidi H, Al-Obaidi H. Perceptions of COVID-19 symptoms, prevention, and treatment strategies among people in seven Arab countries: A cross-sectional study. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:1108-1117. [PMID: 36137360 PMCID: PMC9462932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUP the widespread COVID-19 infection worldwide has resulted in the inability of healthcare facilities to receive all infected patients; therefore, most are treated at home. In addition, factors such as high mortality, types and severity of symptoms, and the prevalence of unreliable information have prompted patients to resort to self-treatment. OBJECTIVES To assess prevention, treatment, degree of symptoms, and sources of information among patients with COVID-19 in Arab countries METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted in seven Arab countries: Algeria, Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Tunisia, and the United Arab of Emirates. People who have recovered from COVID-19 completed the study questionnaire. Score of symptoms during and after COVID-19 infection has been calculated by giving the participants a list of 13 symptoms. RESULTS A total of 3519 participants completed the survey. Mostly females (68.3%), and aged between 18 and 40 years old (59.4%). Prophylaxis treatments, including vaccines and antibiotics, have been used in around 40% of the participants. The total average score of symptoms during the infection period was found 7.31 ± 3.66 out of 13. However, the symptoms score upon recovery was low (0.48 ± 1.11 score). The significant associations with increased incidence of symptoms during infection were reported with older people, married, divorced or widowed, people with chronic diseases, and obese. Moreover, significant associations with decreased symptoms were reported with those who worked in the health sector, non- or ex-smokers, and vaccinated people. CONCLUSION The use of medication and other treatments to prevent infection with COVID-19 was common among the participants in the seven countries. Taking the vaccine was the only effect on the number of symptoms experienced by patients. Although nearly two years have passed since the onset of the disease, there is still a need to raise treatment awareness among patients at home.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muna Barakat
- School of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Jordan
| | | | - Bayan Othman
- School of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Jordan
| | | | - Hala Al-Obaidi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, UAE
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Nutritional behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic: the association of fear and sleep quality with emotional eating. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2673-2683. [PMID: 35596840 PMCID: PMC9123620 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01409-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Even though it is known that fear and poor sleep quality trigger emotional eating, whether fear and poor sleep quality are associated with emotional eating during the COVID-19 pandemic is not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of fear of COVID-19, sleep quality, and some sociodemographic characteristics with emotional eating during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD This cross-sectional descriptive study was completed with 495 participants in Turkey. The participants filled out a questionnaire that asked about sociodemographic characteristics, fear of COVID-19, nutritional behaviors, sleep quality, and self-reported weight and height through email or social media. RESULTS The fear of COVID-19 score (β: 0.090, p < 0.05) and sleep quality score (β: 0.289, p < 0.001) were associated with the emotional eating score at the rate of 0.8% and 8.3%, respectively. The association of fear of COVID-19 with emotional eating disappeared when combined with various factors. The collective association of all factors, fear of COVID-19 (β: 0.042, p > 0.05), sleep quality (β: 0.246, p < 0.001), BMI (β: 0.275, p < 0.001), age (β: - 0.259, p < 0.001) and gender (β: - 0.169, p < 0.001) were associated with the emotional eating score at the rate of 18.3%. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that fear of COVID-19, sleep quality, BMI, age, and gender were associated with emotional eating during the pandemic. We hope that this study will help in the development of guidelines and strategies through understanding the factors associated with nutritional behavior during the pandemic period. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Wirnitzer KC, Tanous DR, Motevalli M, Göbel G, Wirnitzer G, Drenowatz C, Ruedl G, Cocca A, Kirschner W. Study protocol of "From Science 2 School"-prevalence of sports and physical exercise linked to omnivorous, vegetarian and vegan, diets among Austrian secondary schools. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:967915. [PMID: 36249320 PMCID: PMC9554638 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.967915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of unhealthy lifestyle choices contribute to almost all chronic conditions negatively affecting individual and public health. As the most beneficial preventative solution, a healthy lifestyle focusing on the dual approach of physical activity (PA) and a healthful diet is highly recommended. Considering the growing number of people interested in sustainable, plant-based diets, it seems crucial to analyze lifestyle behaviors with a special focus on diet type to delve deeper into the unenthusiastic health status among young populations. Therefore, this multidisciplinary study aims to survey and scale health behaviors with a special focus on the prevalence of traditional and vegetarian diets in connection with PA levels among Austrian pupils (10-19 years), teachers and principals in secondary education levels I and II. Following a cross-sectional design, sociodemographic and school-related data along with a complete profile of lifestyle behaviors, including detailed information regarding diet, PA, sports & exercise, and other health-related behaviors, were collected using online-based questionnaires. A total number of 8,845 children/adolescents (~1.2% of the eligible 771,525 Austrian secondary school pupils) and 1,350 adults (~1.5% of total eligible 89,243 Austrian teachers/principals) participated in the study. As this is the first investigation to explore the prevalence of veganism/vegetarianism amongst a large group of pupils, the present study will add an important contribution to overcome the lack of knowledge on PA, sports & exercise linked to healthy alternative diets. With a sustainable healthy lifestyle, a healthy transition from childhood to adulthood occurs, which can result in growing healthier functioning generations at all social levels. As a study protocol, the present article is intended to present comprehensive details of the study design, objectives, and the associated analytical procedures of the "From Science 2 School" study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C. Wirnitzer
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Göbel
- Department of Medical Statistics, Informatics and Health Economics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armando Cocca
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Kirschner
- Department of Sport Science, Leopold-Franzens University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Głąbska D, Janowska M, Bartosz E, Guzek D. Analysis of the Nutritional Value of the Diets Presented in Women's and Sports Magazines before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19169859. [PMID: 36011498 PMCID: PMC9407771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
For consumers, among the most important sources of information related to nutrition are popular journals and magazines, including women’s and sports, but the diets presented there may lead to unhealthy weight-control behaviors. The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional value of regular and low-calorie diets presented in Polish women’s and sports magazines before and during COVID-19 pandemic. The study was based on two popular Polish magazines—one women’s magazine and one sports magazine, which regularly present various types of diets. The nutritional value of all the diets published from January 2014 to May 2022 was analyzed. The total number of included single-day menus was n = 119, while for analysis they were stratified based on: type of magazine (published in the women’s magazine n = 41 and in the sports magazine n = 78), year of publication (before the COVID-19 pandemic n = 78 and during n = 41), and type of diet (regular n = 61 and low-calorie n = 58). The analysis included the energy value and nutritional value. For the type of magazine, the diets published in the sports magazine were characterized by a higher intake of fat (p < 0.0001 for intake in grams and in % of energy) and calcium (p = 0.0330), whereas the diets published in the women’s magazine were characterized by a higher intake of carbohydrates (p = 0.0226 for intake in grams, and p = 0.0002 for intake in % of energy) and fiber (p = 0.0163). For the year of publication, the diets published during the COVID-19 pandemic were characterized by a higher intake of protein (p = 0.0166 for intake in grams), sodium (p = 0.0465), calcium (p < 0.0001), vitamin D (p = 0.0197), vitamin B6 (p = 0.0207), and vitamin B12 (p = 0.0277), whereas the diets published before the COVID-19 pandemic were characterized by a higher intake of carbohydrates (p = 0.0243 for intake in % of energy). For the type of diet, the regular diets were characterized by a higher energy value (p = 0.0020), as well as by a higher intake of fat (p = 0.0162 for intake in grams), carbohydrates (p = 0.0390 for intake in grams), mono- and oligosaccharides (p = 0.0084 for intake in % of energy), fiber (p < 0.0001), magnesium (p = 0.0323), iron (p = 0.0307), and vitamin B6 (p = 0.0204). The nutritional value of the diets presented in the Polish women’s and sports magazines was not justified by the type of magazine or type of diet, associated with the target group, which may cause the following of improperly balanced diets. However, the changes in the typical nutritional value of diets presented in the Polish women’s and sports magazines during the COVID-19 pandemic were justified by some specific needs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-593-71-26
| | - Maria Janowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Bartosz
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Hassoun A, Harastani R, Jagtap S, Trollman H, Garcia-Garcia G, Awad NMH, Zannou O, Galanakis CM, Goksen G, Nayik GA, Riaz A, Maqsood S. Truths and myths about superfoods in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:585-602. [PMID: 35930325 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, during the current COVID-19 pandemic, consumers increasingly seek foods that not only fulfill the basic need (i.e., satisfying hunger) but also enhance human health and well-being. As a result, more attention has been given to some kinds of foods, termed "superfoods," making big claims about their richness in valuable nutrients and bioactive compounds as well as their capability to prevent illness, reinforcing the human immune system, and improve overall health.This review is an attempt to uncover truths and myths about superfoods by giving examples of the most popular foods (e.g., berries, pomegranates, watermelon, olive, green tea, several seeds and nuts, honey, salmon, and camel milk, among many others) that are commonly reported as having unique nutritional, nutraceutical, and functional characteristics.While superfoods have become a popular buzzword in blog articles and social media posts, scientific publications are still relatively marginal. The reviewed findings show that COVID-19 has become a significant driver for superfoods consumption. Food Industry 4.0 innovations have revolutionized many sectors of food technologies, including the manufacturing of functional foods, offering new opportunities to improve the sensory and nutritional quality of such foods. Although many food products have been considered superfoods and intensively sought by consumers, scientific evidence for their beneficial effectiveness and their "superpower" are yet to be provided. Therefore, more research and collaboration between researchers, industry, consumers, and policymakers are still needed to differentiate facts from marketing gimmicks and promote human health and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodtch Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Rania Harastani
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Sandeep Jagtap
- Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK
| | - Hana Trollman
- Department of Work, Employment, Management and Organisations, School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Guillermo Garcia-Garcia
- Department of Agrifood System Economics, Centre 'Camino de Purchil', Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Granada, Spain
| | - Nour M H Awad
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Oscar Zannou
- Faculty of Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Charis M Galanakis
- Department of Research & Innovation, Galanakis Laboratories, Chania, Greece
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- Food Waste Recovery Group, ISEKI Food Association, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gulden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gulzar Ahmad Nayik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Government Degree College, Shopian, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Asad Riaz
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sajid Maqsood
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Al-Sayyar A, Hulme KD, Thibaut R, Bayry J, Sheedy FJ, Short KR, Alzaid F. Respiratory Tract Infections in Diabetes - Lessons From Tuberculosis and Influenza to Guide Understanding of COVID-19 Severity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:919223. [PMID: 35957811 PMCID: PMC9363013 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.919223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to develop severe respiratory tract infections. Such susceptibility has gained increasing attention since the global spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020. The earliest reports marked T2D as an important risk-factor for severe forms of disease and mortality across all adult age groups. Several mechanisms have been proposed for this increased susceptibility, including pre-existing immune dysfunction, a lack of metabolic flexibility due to insulin resistance, inadequate dietary quality or adverse interactions with antidiabetic treatments or common comorbidities. Some mechanisms that predispose patients with T2D to severe COVID-19 may indeed be shared with other previously characterized respiratory tract infections. Accordingly, in this review, we give an overview of response to Influenza A virus and to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infections. Similar risk factors and mechanisms are discussed between the two conditions and in the case of COVID-19. Lastly, we address emerging approaches to address research needs in infection and metabolic disease, and perspectives with regards to deployment or repositioning of metabolically active therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katina D. Hulme
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ronan Thibaut
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151/CNRS UMRS8253, Immunity and Metabolism of Diabetes (IMMEDIAB), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, India
| | | | - Kirsty R. Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151/CNRS UMRS8253, Immunity and Metabolism of Diabetes (IMMEDIAB), Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Annashr NN, Yunianto AE, Muharry A, Abdurrahmat AS, Laksmini P, Atmadja TFAG, Supriyani T, Gustaman RA, Kushargina R, Lusiana SA, Triatmaja NT, Rusyantia A, Ratnasari RDH, Betaditya D, Listyawardhani Y, Fauziyah A, Lubis A. Lifestyle Changes Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in West Java Province, Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: West Java is ranked 4th as the province with the highest number of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia up to December 1, 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has a major impact on human health, lifestyle changes, and economic life.
AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on lifestyle changes among the community of West Java.
METHODS: The study was conducted in September 2020 using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 2502 people aged ≥12 years living in West Java were involved in this study as a sample, willing to fill out a questionnaire in the form of a Google form that was distributed online through social media (WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram).
RESULTS: The results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had an effect on lifestyle changes in the people of West Java. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the people of West Java became more frequent to wash their hands, do regular exercise, sunbathe in the morning, consume more vegetables and fruits, and consume vitamins or supplements to increase endurance (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Based on the result, the community should continue to improve the COVID-19 prevention practices in breaking the chain of transmission.
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Costa BTD, Araújo GRL, da Silva Júnior RT, Santos LKDS, Lima de Souza Gonçalves V, Lima DBA, Cuzzuol BR, Santos Apolonio J, de Carvalho LS, Marques HS, Silva CS, Barcelos IDS, Oliveira MV, Freire de Melo F. Effects of nutrients on immunomodulation in patients with severe COVID-19: Current knowledge. World J Crit Care Med 2022; 11:201-218. [PMID: 36051942 PMCID: PMC9305681 DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v11.i4.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has demonstrated that critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) show significant immune system dysregulation. Due to that, some nutrients that influence immunomodulation have been suggested as a form of treatment against the infection. This review collected the information on the impact of vitamins on the prognosis of COVID-19, with the intention of facilitating treatment and prevention of the disease risk status in patients. The collected information was obtained using the PubMed electronic database by searching for articles that relate COVID-19 and the mechanisms/effects of the nutrients: Proteins, glucose, lipids, vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, and magnesium, including prospective, retrospective, and support articles. The findings reveal an optimal response related mainly to omega-3, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, calcium, and iron that might represent benefits in the treatment of critically ill patients. However, nutrient supplementation should be done with caution due to the limited availability of randomized controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Teixeira da Costa
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Glauber Rocha Lima Araújo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Kauany de Sá Santos
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Bastos Alves Lima
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Rocha Cuzzuol
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jonathan Santos Apolonio
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lorena Sousa de Carvalho
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Hanna Santos Marques
- Campus Vitória da Conquista, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45083-900, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Camilo Santana Silva
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Isadora de Souza Barcelos
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Freire de Melo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Vitória da Conquista 45029-094, Bahia, Brazil
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50
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Santos OVD, Pinaffi Langley ACDC, Mota de Lima AJ, Vale Moraes VS, Dias Soares S, Teixeira-Costa BE. Nutraceutical potential of Amazonian oilseeds in modulating the immune system against COVID-19 - A narrative review. J Funct Foods 2022; 94:105123. [PMID: 35634457 PMCID: PMC9127052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of COVID-19 disease, medical and scientific communities are facing a challenge to contain its spread, develop effective treatments, and reduce its sequelae. Together with the therapeutical treatments, the use of dietary bioactive compounds represents a promising and cost-effective strategy to modulate immunological responses. Amazonian oilseeds are great sources of bioactive compounds, thus representing not only a dietary source of nutrients but also of substances with great interest for human health. This narrative review compiled the available evidence regarding the biochemical properties of some Amazonian oilseeds, especially Brazil nut, Açaí berry, Bacaba, Peach palm, Sapucaya and Tucuma fruits, on human health and its immune system. These effects were discussed from an etiological and pathophysiological perspective, emphasizing their potential role as a co-adjuvant strategy against COVID-19. Besides this, the cost associated with these strategies hinders their applicability in many nations, especially low-income countries and communities living in social insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Júlia Mota de Lima
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Sidonio Vale Moraes
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Dias Soares
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Technology Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-900, Pará, Brazil
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