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Lu YY, Chen HE, Chen WL. Negative Association of Serum β-Cryptoxanthin With Benzene and Its Derivatives. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:397-403. [PMID: 38227813 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2300429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Benzene is widely recognized as a potential carcinogen. Furthermore, the deficiency of specific nutrients may render individuals more vulnerable to cancer. For instance, β-cryptoxanthin, which possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, has been identified as one such nutrient. Elevated benzene levels and reduced β-cryptoxanthin levels are reportedly correlated with an augmented susceptibility to cancer. To date, whether these 2 substances are linked with one another in the above correlation is yet to be determined. METHOD This study included 1358 participants with data on the serum concentration of β-cryptoxanthin as well as benzene and its derivatives. The data were sourced from the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of the noninstitutionalized US population. Headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry was used to measure serum benzene and its derivatives, while high-performance liquid chromatography using multiwavelength photodiode-array absorbance detection was employed to quantify serum β-cryptoxanthin. RESULTS In this study, male and female participants showed average β-cryptoxanthin levels of 9.10 ± 6.35 and 9.92 ± 8.95 ug/dL, respectively (p = 0.049). Styrene exhibited the strongest correlation with the change in β-cryptoxanthin concentration (β = -3.30, p for trend <0.001) upon comparing highest-quartile participants with those in the lowest quartile, followed by benzene (β = -2.95, p for trend <0.001), toluene (β = -2.90, p for trend <0.001), and ethylbenzene (β = -1.43, p for trend = 0.09). Subgroup analysis by sex displayed a statistically significant negative correlation of β-cryptoxanthin with benzene, styrene, and toluene in both the unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS The sera of noninstitutionalized US individuals exhibit a negative association of β-cryptoxanthin levels with benzene and its derivatives. Styrene demonstrates the strongest link with a substantial decline in serum β-cryptoxanthin levels, followed by benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-En Chen
- Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang Y, Jin J, Wang N, Sun Q, Feng D, Zhu S, Wang Z, Li S, Ye J, Chai L, Xie Z, Deng X. Cytochrome P450 CitCYP97B modulates carotenoid accumulation diversity by hydroxylating β-cryptoxanthin in Citrus. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100847. [PMID: 38379285 PMCID: PMC11211522 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Carotenoids in plant foods provide health benefits by functioning as provitamin A. One of the vital provitamin A carotenoids, β-cryptoxanthin, is typically plentiful in citrus fruit. However, little is known about the genetic basis of β-cryptoxanthin accumulation in citrus. Here, we performed a widely targeted metabolomic analysis of 65 major carotenoids and carotenoid derivatives to characterize carotenoid accumulation in Citrus and determine the taxonomic profile of β-cryptoxanthin. We used data from 81 newly sequenced representative accessions and 69 previously sequenced Citrus cultivars to reveal the genetic basis of β-cryptoxanthin accumulation through a genome-wide association study. We identified a causal gene, CitCYP97B, which encodes a cytochrome P450 protein whose substrate and metabolic pathways in land plants were undetermined. We subsequently demonstrated that CitCYP97B functions as a novel monooxygenase that specifically hydroxylates the β-ring of β-cryptoxanthin in a heterologous expression system. In planta experiments provided further evidence that CitCYP97B negatively regulates β-cryptoxanthin content. Using the sequenced Citrus accessions, we found that two critical structural cis-element variations contribute to increased expression of CitCYP97B, thereby altering β-cryptoxanthin accumulation in fruit. Hybridization/introgression appear to have contributed to the prevalence of two cis-element variations in different Citrus types during citrus evolution. Overall, these findings extend our understanding of the regulation and diversity of carotenoid metabolism in fruit crops and provide a genetic target for production of β-cryptoxanthin-biofortified products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiajing Jin
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Nan Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Quan Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Di Feng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shenchao Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zexin Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shunxin Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junli Ye
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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3
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Faienza MF, Giardinelli S, Annicchiarico A, Chiarito M, Barile B, Corbo F, Brunetti G. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Bone Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5873. [PMID: 38892062 PMCID: PMC11172758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone health is the result of a tightly regulated balance between bone modeling and bone remodeling, and alterations of these processes have been observed in several diseases both in adult and pediatric populations. The imbalance in bone remodeling can ultimately lead to osteoporosis, which is most often associated with aging, but contributing factors can already act during the developmental age, when over a third of bone mass is accumulated. The maintenance of an adequate bone mass is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as physical activity and diet, and particularly by an adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. In addition, it has been claimed that the integration of specific nutraceuticals such as resveratrol, anthocyanins, isoflavones, lycopene, curcumin, lutein, and β-carotene and the intake of bioactive compounds from the diet such as honey, tea, dried plums, blueberry, and olive oil can be efficient strategies for bone loss prevention. Nutraceuticals and functional foods are largely used to provide medical or health benefits, but there is an urge to determine which products have adequate clinical evidence and a strong safety profile. The aim of this review is to explore the scientific and clinical evidence of the positive role of nutraceuticals and functional food in bone health, focusing both on molecular mechanisms and on real-world studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Silvia Giardinelli
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessia Annicchiarico
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Mariangela Chiarito
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (M.F.F.)
| | - Barbara Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
| | - Filomena Corbo
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.A.); (B.B.)
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Munoz B, Hayes M, Perkins-Veazie P, Gillitt N, Munoz M, Kay CD, Lila MA, Ferruzzi MG, Iorizzo M. Genotype and ripening method affect carotenoid content and bio-accessibility in banana. Food Funct 2024; 15:3433-3445. [PMID: 38436090 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04632j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Bananas (Musa spp.) are a target crop for provitamin A carotenoids (pVACs) biofortification programs aiming at reducing the negative impact on health caused by vitamin A deficiency in vulnerable populations. However, studies to understand the effect of ripening methods and stages and the genotype on carotenoid content and bioaccessibility in the banana germplasm are scarce. This study evaluated carotenoid content and bioaccessibility in 27 different banana accessions at three maturation stages and two ripening methods (natural ripening and ethylene ripening). Across most accessions, total carotenoid content (TCC) increased from unripe to ripe fruit; only two accessions showed a marginal decrease. The ripening method affected carotenoid accumulation; 18 accessions had lower TCC when naturally ripened compared with the ethylene ripening group, while nine accessions showed higher TCC when ripened with exogenous ethylene, suggesting that treating bananas with exogenous ethylene might directly affect TCC accumulation, but the response is accession dependent. Additionally, carotenoid bioaccessibility varied across genotypes and was correlated with the amount of soluble starch and resistant starch. These findings highlight the importance of ripening methods and genotypes in maximizing banana carotenoid content and bioaccessibility, which could contribute to improving pVACs delivery in biofortification programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Munoz
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
| | - Micaela Hayes
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Penelope Perkins-Veazie
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
| | | | - Miguel Munoz
- Research & Development Department, Dole, Standard Fruit Company de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Colin D Kay
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center (ACNC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Mario G Ferruzzi
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center (ACNC), University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Massimo Iorizzo
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
- Department of Horticultural Science, North Carolina State University, 600 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, NC 9 28081, USA
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Renaud D, Höller A, Michel M. Potential Drug-Nutrient Interactions of 45 Vitamins, Minerals, Trace Elements, and Associated Dietary Compounds with Acetylsalicylic Acid and Warfarin-A Review of the Literature. Nutrients 2024; 16:950. [PMID: 38612984 PMCID: PMC11013948 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In cardiology, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and warfarin are among the most commonly used prophylactic therapies against thromboembolic events. Drug-drug interactions are generally well-known. Less known are the drug-nutrient interactions (DNIs), impeding drug absorption and altering micronutritional status. ASA and warfarin might influence the micronutritional status of patients through different mechanisms such as binding or modification of binding properties of ligands, absorption, transport, cellular use or concentration, or excretion. Our article reviews the drug-nutrient interactions that alter micronutritional status. Some of these mechanisms could be investigated with the aim to potentiate the drug effects. DNIs are seen occasionally in ASA and warfarin and could be managed through simple strategies such as risk stratification of DNIs on an individual patient basis; micronutritional status assessment as part of the medical history; extensive use of the drug-interaction probability scale to reference little-known interactions, and application of a personal, predictive, and preventive medical model using omics.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renaud
- DIU MAPS, Fundamental and Biomedical Sciences, Paris-Cité University, 75006 Paris, France
- DIU MAPS, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
- Fundacja Recover, 05-124 Skrzeszew, Poland
| | - Alexander Höller
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, University Hospital Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Miriam Michel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Division of Pediatrics III—Cardiology, Pulmonology, Allergology and Cystic Fibrosis, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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6
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Kulczyński B, Sidor A, Brzozowska A, Gramza-Michałowska A. The role of carotenoids in bone health-A narrative review. Nutrition 2024; 119:112306. [PMID: 38211461 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis constitutes a serious challenge for public health. Dietary patterns belong to important, modifiable risk factors of this disease. Therefore, what and in what quantities we consume on a daily basis are extremely relevant. It is commonly known that bone health is positively affected by vitamins (e.g., vitamin D and vitamin K) as well as mineral components (e.g., calcium and magnesium). However, the human diet consists of many other groups of compounds that exhibit a potential antiosteoporotic and supporting bone-building effect. These dietary components include carotenoids. This paper presents a broad review of studies on the influence of particular carotenoids (β-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene) on bones. The paper discusses up-to-date in vitro experiments and research on animal models and presents how the results translate into clinical effect in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Kulczyński
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sidor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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Bhattacharya S, Sadhukhan D, Saraswathy R. Role of sex in immune response and epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetics Chromatin 2024; 17:1. [PMID: 38247002 PMCID: PMC10802034 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-024-00525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The functioning of the human immune system is highly dependent on the sex of the individual, which comes by virtue of sex chromosomes and hormonal differences. Epigenetic mechanisms such as X chromosome inactivation, mosaicism, skewing, and dimorphism in X chromosome genes and Y chromosome regulatory genes create a sex-based variance in the immune response between males and females. This leads to differential susceptibility in immune-related disorders like infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Various naturally available immunomodulators are also available which target immune pathways containing X chromosome genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sombodhi Bhattacharya
- Biomedical Genetics Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Debasmita Sadhukhan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Radha Saraswathy
- Biomedical Genetics Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
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Lai JS, Godfrey KM, Ong CN, Tan KH, Yap F, Chong YS, Chan JKY, Chan SY, Chong MFF. Perinatal Plasma Carotenoids and Vitamin E Concentrations with Glycemia and Insulin Resistance in Women during and after Pregnancy. Nutrients 2023; 15:4421. [PMID: 37892496 PMCID: PMC10610276 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, and gestational and type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and post-pregnancy in GUSTO women. Plasma carotenoid and E vitamer concentrations were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis was used to derive the patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2 h glucose levels and fasting insulin were measured at 26-28 weeks gestation and 4-6 years post-pregnancy, with the derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In 678 women, two carotenoid patterns (CP1: α- and β-carotene and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one E vitamer pattern (VE: γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose (β (95%CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) mmol/L) and lower gestational (-0.17 (-0.82, 0.01) mmol/L, p = 0.06) and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR (-0.11 (-0.15, -0.08) mmol/L). A higher VE score (1 SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2 h glucose (gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L). Higher α- and β-carotene and lutein may be beneficial for gestational fasting glycemia, but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia, although these findings require confirmation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun S. Lai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
| | - Keith M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Jerry K. Y. Chan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore;
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Mary F.-F. Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 117609, Singapore; (Y.S.C.); (S.-Y.C.); (M.F.-F.C.)
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore 117549, Singapore;
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Zhang Y, Tang Y, Jin W, Liu Y, Li G, Zhong W, Huang J, Wang W. QTL Mapping of Zeaxanthin Content in Sweet Corn Using Recombinant Inbred Line Population across Different Environments. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3506. [PMID: 37836246 PMCID: PMC10575089 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Zeaxanthin is a naturally occurring xanthophyll carotenoid obtained from diet sources. Particularly, sweet corn is a major source of dietary zeaxanthin. To investigate the genetic basis of zeaxanthin content regulation in sweet corn, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 191 families was constructed using two inbred lines (K44 and F22) with contrasting zeaxanthin content in the grain. The zeaxanthin content in the dry grains of this population grown at different locations was determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Subsequently, 175 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to construct a linkage map with a total length of 4322.37 cM and with an average distance of 24.4 cM. A total of eight QTLs located on chromosomes 4, 5, 7, 9, and 10 were detected. The QTLs located in umc1632-umc1401 on chromosome 7 were detected in different environments and explained 11.28-20.25% of the phenotypic variation, implying it is the main QTL controlling zeaxanthin content in the dry grains of sweet corn. Collectively, the present study provides a genetic map and theoretical guidance for the cultivation of sweet corn varieties with a high zeaxanthin content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenyi Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.T.); (W.J.); (Y.L.); (G.L.); (W.Z.); (J.H.)
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10
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Wang M, Tang R, Zhou R, Qian Y, Di D. The protective effect of serum carotenoids on cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study from the general US adult population. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1154239. [PMID: 37502714 PMCID: PMC10368866 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1154239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a key global health issue. Serum carotenoids are associated with CVD, while their effects on different diseases remain unclear. Herein, the relationship between the concentration of serum carotenoid and the CVD risk was investigated using nationwide adult samples obtained from the USA. Materials and methods Data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2001-2006 were employed. The association of serum carotenoids (total, lycopene, β-carotene, α-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin) with CVD was explored by using multivariate logistic, linear and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses. Eventually, data from 12,424 volunteers were analyzed for this study. Results Multivariate model data showed that lutein/zeaxanthin, α-carotene, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin were negatively associated with the prevalence of CVD (p < 0.05). In comparison with the first quartile, the fourth quartile was associated with α-carotene ([OR] = 0.61 [0.47-0.79]), β-cryptoxanthin (OR = 0.67 [0.50-0.89]), lutein (OR = 0.69 [0.54-0.86]), and lycopene (OR = 0.53 [0.41-0.67]). WQS analysis revealed that the combination of serum carotenoids had negative correlation with the prevalence of total CVD (OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.85-0.92, p < 0.001). Additionally, dose-response analysis demonstrated a negative linear association of hypertension with all the carotenoids involved (p > 0.05 for non-linearity). Conclusion The concentration of serum carotenoids had negative correlation with the prevalence of CVD, with a more significant negative effect against heart attack and stroke.
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Rasera ML, de Maria ALA, Tavares GM. Co-aggregation between whey proteins and carotenoids from yellow mombin (Spondias mombin): Impact of carotenoids' self-aggregation. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112855. [PMID: 37254429 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between whey proteins and carotenoid is reported to improve carotenoid solubility and stability, however, the strong trend of carotenoids to aggregate when in polar systems is often neglected in papers addressing their molecular interaction. Therefore, this study focused on characterizing the aggregative behavior of the carotenoids from yellow mombin (Spondias mombin) and to understand how these carotenoids behave when added to aqueous dispersions of whey proteins. Carotenoids-rich extract, containing mainly β-cryptoxanthin and lutein, was obtained from freeze-dried yellow mombin pulp and its aggregative behavior in ethanol/water medium was studied. By increasing the medium polarity, carotenoids trend to form J-aggregation, causing a drop in the color intensity of the solution. When added to whey protein aqueous dispersions, rather than a protein-carotenoid bimolecular interaction, the formation of co-aggregates between carotenoids and whey proteins was evidenced by preparative size exclusion chromatography. These results may contribute to the developing functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana L Rasera
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Ana Luiza A de Maria
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme M Tavares
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
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12
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Tan KML, Chee J, Lim KLM, Ng M, Gong M, Xu J, Tin F, Natarajan P, Lee BL, Ong CN, Tint MT, Kee MZL, Müller-Riemenschneider F, Gluckman PD, Meaney MJ, Kumar M, Karnani N, Eriksson JG, Nandanan B, Wyss A, Cameron-Smith D. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of β-Cryptoxanthin Supplementation in Healthy Women: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102325. [PMID: 37242207 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-cryptoxanthin is a dietary carotenoid for which there have been few studies on the safety and pharmacokinetics following daily oral supplementation. METHODS 90 healthy Asian women between 21 and 35 years were randomized into three groups: 3 and 6 mg/day oral β-cryptoxanthin, and placebo. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks of supplementation, plasma carotenoid levels were measured. The effects of β-cryptoxanthin on blood retinoid-dependent gene expression, mood, physical activity and sleep, metabolic parameters, and fecal microbial composition were investigated. RESULTS β-cryptoxanthin supplementation for 8 weeks (3 and 6 mg/day) was found to be safe and well tolerated. Plasma β-cryptoxanthin concentration was significantly higher in the 6 mg/day group (9.0 ± 4.1 µmol/L) compared to 3 mg/day group (6.0 ± 2.6 µmol/L) (p < 0.03), and placebo (0.4 ± 0.1 µmol/L) (p < 0.001) after 8 weeks. Plasma all-trans retinol, α-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin levels were not significantly changed. No effects were found on blood retinol-dependent gene expression, mood, physical activity and sleep, metabolic parameters, and fecal microbial composition. CONCLUSIONS Oral β-cryptoxanthin supplementation over 8 weeks lead to high plasma concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin, with no impact on other carotenoids, and was well tolerated in healthy women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M L Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Jolene Chee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Kezlyn L M Lim
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Maisie Ng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Min Gong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Jia Xu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Felicia Tin
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Padmapriya Natarajan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Bee Lan Lee
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Mya Thway Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Michelle Z L Kee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
- Digital Health Centre, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10179 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Mukkesh Kumar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 138671, Singapore
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Bioinformatics Institute, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 138671, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Adrian Wyss
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Cameron-Smith
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore, Singapore 117609, Singapore
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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13
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Pruteanu LL, Bailey DS, Grădinaru AC, Jäntschi L. The Biochemistry and Effectiveness of Antioxidants in Food, Fruits, and Marine Algae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040860. [PMID: 37107235 PMCID: PMC10135154 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is more effective to maintain good health than to regain it after losing it. This work focuses on the biochemical defense mechanisms against free radicals and their role in building and maintaining antioxidant shields, aiming to show how to balance, as much as possible, the situations in which we are exposed to free radicals. To achieve this aim, foods, fruits, and marine algae with a high antioxidant content should constitute the basis of nutritional elements, since natural products are known to have significantly greater assimilation efficiency. This review also gives the perspective in which the use of antioxidants can extend the life of food products, by protecting them from damage caused by oxidation as well as their use as food additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Lorena Pruteanu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, North University Center at Baia Mare, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 430122 Baia Mare, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - David Stanley Bailey
- IOTA Pharmaceuticals Ltd., St Johns Innovation Centre, Cowley Road, Cambridge CB4 0WS, UK
| | - Andrei Cristian Grădinaru
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences of Iaşi, 700490 Iaşi, Romania
| | - Lorentz Jäntschi
- Institute of Doctoral Studies, Babeş-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400114 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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14
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kurzawa P, Kołodziejski P, Suliburska J. Calcium carbonate-enriched pumpkin affects calcium status in ovariectomized rats. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1402-1413. [PMID: 36936115 PMCID: PMC10020404 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-enriched pumpkin may serve as a good source of calcium for patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of CaCO3-enriched pumpkin on Ca status in ovariectomized rats. The study included 40 female Wistar rats divided into five groups (n = 8). One group was fed with a standard diet (control group), while the other four groups were ovariectomized and received a standard diet (control ovariectomized group), or a diet containing CaCO3-enriched pumpkin, alendronate, or both. The nutritional intervention lasted 12 weeks, and then the rats were euthanized. Tissue and blood samples were collected and assessed for the levels of total Ca, estradiol, parathyroid hormone, and procollagen type I N propeptide. In addition, a histological analysis was performed on femurs. The results of the study suggest that CaCO3-enriched pumpkin can increase Ca content in femurs and improve bone recovery in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, enriched pumpkin contributes to Ca accumulation in the kidneys, and this effect is more pronounced in combination with alendronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kurzawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Pozna University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-596 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
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15
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Granot-Hershkovitz E, He S, Bressler J, Yu B, Tarraf W, Rebholz CM, Cai J, Chan Q, Garcia TP, Mosley T, Kristal BS, DeCarli C, Fornage M, Chen GC, Qi Q, Kaplan R, Gonzalez HM, Sofer T. Plasma metabolites associated with cognitive function across race/ethnicities affirming the importance of healthy nutrition. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:1331-1342. [PMID: 36111689 PMCID: PMC10017373 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We studied the replication and generalization of previously identified metabolites potentially associated with global cognitive function in multiple race/ethnicities and assessed the contribution of diet to these associations. METHODS We tested metabolite-cognitive function associations in U.S.A. Hispanic/Latino adults (n = 2222) from the Community Health Study/ Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and in European (n = 1365) and African (n = 478) Americans from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) Study. We applied Mendelian Randomization (MR) analyses to assess causal associations between the metabolites and cognitive function and between Mediterranean diet and cognitive function. RESULTS Six metabolites were consistently associated with lower global cognitive function across all studies. Of these, four were sugar-related (e.g., ribitol). MR analyses provided weak evidence for a potential causal effect of ribitol on cognitive function and bi-directional effects of cognitive performance on diet. DISCUSSION Several diet-related metabolites were associated with global cognitive function across studies with different race/ethnicities. HIGHLIGHTS Metabolites associated with cognitive function in Puerto Rican adults were recently identified. We demonstrate the generalizability of these associations across diverse race/ethnicities. Most identified metabolites are related to sugars. Mendelian Randomization (MR) provides weak evidence for a causal effect of ribitol on cognitive function. Beta-cryptoxanthin and other metabolites highlight the importance of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einat Granot-Hershkovitz
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shan He
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wassim Tarraf
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, CA, USA
| | - Queenie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tanya P. Garcia
- Department of Neurology, School of medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Thomas Mosley
- Department of Neurology, School of medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Bruce S. Kristal
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qibin Qi
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Robert Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA, USA
| | - Hector M. Gonzalez
- Department of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tamar Sofer
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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16
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Lautier T, Smith DJ, Yang LK, Chen X, Zhang C, Truan G, Lindley ND. β-Cryptoxanthin Production in Escherichia coli by Optimization of the Cytochrome P450 CYP97H1 Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4683-4695. [PMID: 36888893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytochromes P450, forming a superfamily of monooxygenases containing heme as a cofactor, show great versatility in substrate specificity. Metabolic engineering can take advantage of this feature to unlock novel metabolic pathways. However, the cytochromes P450 often show difficulty being expressed in a heterologous chassis. As a case study in the prokaryotic host Escherichia coli, the heterologous synthesis of β-cryptoxanthin was addressed. This carotenoid intermediate is difficult to produce, as its synthesis requires a monoterminal hydroxylation of β-carotene whereas most of the classic carotene hydroxylases are dihydroxylases. This study was focused on the optimization of the in vivo activity of CYP97H1, an original P450 β-carotene monohydroxylase. Engineering the N-terminal part of CYP97H1, identifying the matching redox partners, defining the optimal cellular background and adjusting the culture and induction conditions improved the production by 400 times compared to that of the initial strain, representing 2.7 mg/L β-cryptoxanthin and 20% of the total carotenoids produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lautier
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS@CREATE, 1 Create Way, #08-01 Create Tower, 138602 Singapore
| | - Derek J Smith
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
| | - Lay Kien Yang
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
| | - Xixian Chen
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
| | - Congqiang Zhang
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
| | - Gilles Truan
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Nic D Lindley
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138669 Singapore
- TBI, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 31077 Toulouse, France
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17
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Oh SH, Lee SE, Han DH, Yoon JW, Kim SH, Lim ES, Lee HB, Kim EY, Park SP. Treatments of Porcine Nuclear Recipient Oocytes and Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer-Generated Embryos with Various Reactive Oxygen Species Scavengers Lead to Improvements of Their Quality Parameters and Developmental Competences by Mitigating Oxidative Stress-Related Impacts. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:73-81. [PMID: 36939858 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant effects of β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), hesperetin (HES), and icariin (ICA), and their effects on in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Treatment with 1 μM BCX (BCX-1) increased the developmental rate of porcine oocytes more than treatment with 100 μM HES (HES-100) or 5 μM ICA (ICA-5). The glutathione level and mRNA expression of antioxidant genes (NFE2L2, SOD1, and SOD2) were more increased in the BCX-1 group than in the HES-100 and ICA-5 groups, while the reactive oxygen species level was more decreased. Moreover, BCX improved the developmental capacity and quality of SCNT embryos. The total cell number, apoptotic cell rate, and development-related gene expression were modulated in the BCX-1 group to enhance embryonic development of SCNT. These results show that the antioxidant effects of BCX enhance in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development of SCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hwan Oh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Seung-Eun Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Dong-Hun Han
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Yoon
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - So-Hee Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Lim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Han-Bi Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Kim
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea
| | - Se-Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea.,Mirae Cell Bio, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Bio Medical Informatics, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Korea
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18
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Melloni M, Sergi D, Simioni C, Passaro A, Neri LM. Microalgae as a Nutraceutical Tool to Antagonize the Impairment of Redox Status Induced by SNPs: Implications on Insulin Resistance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030449. [PMID: 36979141 PMCID: PMC10044993 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae represent a growing innovative source of nutraceuticals such as carotenoids and phenolic compound which are naturally present within these single-celled organisms or can be induced in response to specific growth conditions. The presence of the unfavourable allelic variant in genes involved in the control of oxidative stress, due to one or more SNPs in gene encoding protein involved in the regulation of redox balance, can lead to pathological conditions such as insulin resistance, which, in turn, is directly involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review we provide an overview of the main SNPs in antioxidant genes involved in the promotion of insulin resistance with a focus on the potential role of microalgae-derived antioxidant molecules as novel nutritional tools to mitigate oxidative stress and improve insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Melloni
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Carolina Simioni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angelina Passaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Medical Department, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Research and Innovation Section, University Hospital of Ferrara Arcispedale Sant’Anna, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
| | - Luca Maria Neri
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.M.); (D.S.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA)—Electron Microscopy Center, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (L.M.N.); Tel.: +39-0532-236291 (A.P.); +39-0532-455940 (L.M.N.)
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19
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Zhang Y, Mao H, Li Y, Xiong Y, Liu X, Wang L, Chen Z. β-Cryptoxanthin Maintains Mitochondrial Function by Promoting NRF2 Nuclear Translocation to Inhibit Oxidative Stress-Induced Senescence in HK-2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043851. [PMID: 36835262 PMCID: PMC9963668 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease remain incompletely revealed, and drug development is a pressing clinical challenge. Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence and mitochondrial damage are important biological events in a variety of kidney diseases. As a type of carotenoid, β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX) has various biological functions, which means it is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of kidney disease. However, the role of BCX in the kidney is unclear, and the effect of BCX on oxidative stress and cellular senescence in renal cells is also unknown. Therefore, we conducted a series of studies on human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the effect of BCX pretreatment on H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence and explored the potential mechanism of BCX action. The results showed that BCX attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative stress and cellular senescence in HK-2 cells. Moreover, BCX promoted NRF2 nuclear expression, maintained mitochondrial function, and reduced mitochondrial damage in HK-2 cells. In addition, silencing NRF2 altered the protective effect of BCX on mitochondria and significantly reversed the anti-oxidative stress and anti-senescence effects of BCX in HK-2 cells. We concluded that BCX maintained mitochondrial function by promoting NRF2 nuclear translocation to inhibit oxidative stress-induced senescence in HK-2 cells. In light of these findings, the application of BCX might be a promising strategy for the prevention and treatment of kidney diseases.
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20
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Bohn T, de Lera AR, Landrier JF, Carlsen H, Merk D, Todt T, Renaut J, Rühl R. State-of-the-art methodological investigation of carotenoid activity and metabolism - from organic synthesis via metabolism to biological activity - exemplified by a novel retinoid signalling pathway. Food Funct 2023; 14:621-638. [PMID: 36562448 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02816f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are the most abundant lipophilic secondary plant metabolites and their dietary intake has been related to a large number of potential health benefits relevant for humans, including even reduced total mortality. An important feature is their potential to impact oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, by interacting with transcription factors. For example, they may act as precursors of bioactive derivatives activating nuclear hormone receptor mediated signalling. These bioactive derivatives, originating e.g. from β-carotene, i.e. retinoids / vitamin A, can activate the nuclear hormone receptors RARs (retinoic acid receptors). Due to new analytical insights, various novel metabolic pathways were recently outlined to be mediated via distinct nuclear hormone receptor activating pathways that were predicted and further confirmed. In this article, we describe old and novel metabolic pathways from various carotenoids towards novel ligands of alternative nuclear hormone receptors. However, to fully elucidate these pathways, a larger array of techniques and tools, starting from organic synthesis, lipidomics, reporter models, classical in vitro and in vivo models and further omics-approaches and their statistical evaluation are needed to comprehensively and conclusively study this topic. Thus, we further describe state-of-the-art techniques from A to Ω elucidating carotenoid biological mediated activities and describe in detail required materials and methods needed - in practical protocol form - for the various steps of carotenoid investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Bohn
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, 1 A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, CINBIO and IBIV, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Harald Carlsen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Daniel Merk
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department of Pharmacy, Butenandtstr. 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tilman Todt
- HAN University of Applied Sciences, School of Applied Biosciences and Chemistry, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Ralph Rühl
- CISCAREX UG, Berlin, Germany. .,Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary
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21
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Minor bioactive lipids. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2023. [PMID: 37516468 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive lipids-major and minor-comprise an array of compounds belonging to different chemical categories. Among the minor bioactive lipids carotenoids, sterols and tocochromanols attract continuously the interest of food scientists, nutritionists and medical doctors for their importance in food processing, preservation and for their health properties. Provitamin A and non-provitamin A carotenoids are found in various food sources of plant and animal origin and are added to foods as colorants. Their interactions with other food ingredients are critical because of their role against reactive oxygen species. The role of cholesterol through the diet after decades of disputes is better justified whereas at the same time emphasis is given to the technological and health aspects of phytosterols, which became very efficiently part of the daily diet for many population groups. Last but not least the importance of vitamin E is in a continuous debate for over 100years whereas studies on tocotrienols are intensified as a result of a transient to palm oil product consumption globally. Chemistry, natural occurrence, absorption and metabolism, dietary intake and dietary recommendations, major health impacts and key technological issues are updated and discussed with the support of recent findings.
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22
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Batool Z, Chen JH, Gao Y, Lu LW, Xu H, Liu B, Wang M, Chen F. Natural Carotenoids as Neuroprotective Agents for Alzheimer's Disease: An Evidence-Based Comprehensive Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15631-15646. [PMID: 36480951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder of an ever-increasing aging population with various pathological features such as β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, oxidative stress, an impaired cholinergic system, and neuroinflammation. Several therapeutic drugs have been introduced to slow the progression of AD by targeting the above-mentioned pathways. In addition, emerging evidence suggests that naturally occurring compounds have the potential to serve as adjuvant therapies to alleviate AD symptoms. Carotenoids, a group of natural pigments with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, are proposed to be implicated in neuroprotection. To obtain a comprehensive picture of the effect of carotenoids on AD prevention and development, we critically reviewed and discussed recent evidence from in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and human studies in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane (CENTRAL). After analyzing the existing evidence, we found that high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are lacking to explore the neuroprotective role of carotenoids in AD pathogenesis and symptoms, especially carotenoids with solid preclinical evidence such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, macular carotenoids, and crocin, in order to develop effective preventive dietary supplements for AD patients to ameliorate the symptoms. This review points out directions for future studies to advance the knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Batool
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jie-Hua Chen
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Louise Weiwei Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Auckland 1010, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Haoxie Xu
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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23
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Zhang R, Chen H, Chen Y, Tang C, Jiang B, Wang Z. Impact of different cooking methods on the flavor and chemical profile of yellow-fleshed table-stock sweetpotatoes ( Ipomoea batatas L.). Food Chem X 2022; 17:100542. [PMID: 36824146 PMCID: PMC9941418 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of baking, boiling, and steaming on the taste, flavor, and chemical profile of yellow-fleshed sweetpotatoes (YFSP). Baked YFSP were sweeter, more palatable, and more flavorful than both steamed and boiled YFSP. Baking increased the YFSP soluble sugar content from 9.12% to 36.65%. Specifically, maltose increased by 200-fold and this possibly accounted for the sweetness of baked YFSP. From the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis, the contents of furans and terpenes increased with baking, endowing baked YFSP with an aroma. On the contrary, boiling retained more carotenoids than the other cooking methods. Although cooking clearly altered YFSP, bioactive substances were predominantly preserved as only 72 out of 706 metabolites were identified as differentially accumulated metabolites between cooked and raw samples. Taken together, baked YFSP had high levels of sugars and volatile compounds, and the three cooking methods had little effect on chemical compounds. This comprehensive evaluation of cooked YFSP is a basis for sweetpotato processing and consumer choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Haocheng Chen
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Yihang Chen
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China,College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chaochen Tang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Bingzhi Jiang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Zhangying Wang
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China,Corresponding author at: Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.18 Jinying West Second Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
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24
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Yao Y, Zhang R, Jia R, Deng Y, Wang Z. Impact of different cooking methods on the chemical profile of orange-fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.114288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Tsuboi Y, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Fujii R, Yamazaki M, Ando Y, Mizuno G, Hattori Y, Ishikawa H, Ohashi K, Hashimoto S, Hamajima N, Suzuki K. Intake of vegetables and fruits rich in provitamin A is positively associated with aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor DNA methylation in a Japanese population. Nutr Res 2022; 107:206-217. [PMID: 36334347 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation can be affected by numerous lifestyle factors, including diet. Tobacco smoking induces aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) DNA hypomethylation, which increases the risk of lung and other cancers. However, no lifestyle habits that might increase or restore percentage of AHRR DNA methylation have been identified. We hypothesized that dietary intakes of vegetables/fruits and serum carotenoid concentrations are related to AHRR DNA methylation. A total of 813 individuals participated in this cross-sectional study. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake of vegetables and fruits. AHRR DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured using pyrosequencing method. In men, dietary fruit intake was significantly and positively associated with AHRR DNA methylation among current smokers (P for trend = .034). A significant positive association of serum provitamin A with AHRR DNA methylation was observed among current smokers (men: standardized β = 0.141 [0.045 to 0.237], women: standardized β = 0.570 [0.153 to 0.990]). However, compared with never smokers with low provitamin A concentrations, percentages of AHRR DNA methylation were much lower among current smokers, even those with high provitamin A concentrations (men: β = -19.1% [-33.8 to -19.8], women: β = -6.0% [-10.2 to -1.7]). Dietary intake of vegetables and fruits rich in provitamin A may increase percentage of AHRR DNA methylation in current smokers. However, although we found a beneficial effect of provitamin A on AHRR DNA methylation, this beneficial effect could not completely remove the effect of smoking on AHRR DNA demethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Department of Medical Technology, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan, 761-0123.
| | - Yoshitaka Ando
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Genki Mizuno
- Department of Medical Technology, Tokyo University of Technology School of Health Sciences, Ota, Tokyo, Japan, 144-8535.
| | - Yuji Hattori
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Department of Informative Clinical Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan, 466-8550.
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan, 470-1192.
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26
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Yamashita T, Obara T, Yonezawa Y, Takahashi I, Ishikuro M, Murakami K, Ueno F, Noda A, Onuma T, Iwama N, Hamada H, Sugawara J, Suzuki S, Suganuma H, Saito M, Yaegashi N, Kuriyama S. Dietary patterns before and during pregnancy and small for gestational age in Japan: a prospective birth cohort study. Nutr J 2022; 21:57. [PMID: 36114492 PMCID: PMC9479276 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00808-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although small for gestational age (SGA) is a serious problem worldwide, the association of dietary patterns before and during pregnancy with SGA risk is unclear. We evaluated this association among Japanese pregnant women using three methods: reduced rank regression (RRR) and partial least squares (PLS), methods for extracting dietary patterns that can explain the variation of response variables, and principal component analysis (PCA), a method for extracting dietary patterns of the population. Methods Between July 2013 and March 2017, 22,493 pregnant women were recruited to the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Birth and Three-Generation Cohort Study, a population-based prospective birth cohort study in Japan. Information on dietary intake was obtained using food frequency questionnaires, and dietary patterns were extracted using RRR, PLS, and PCA. Information on birth weight was obtained from obstetric records, and the birth weight SD score and SGA were defined by the method of the Japan Pediatric Society. The associations of dietary patterns with birth weight SD score and SGA risk were investigated using multiple linear regression and multiple logistic regression, respectively. Results A total of 17,728 mother-child pairs were included. The birth weight SD score was 0.15 ± 0.96, and the prevalence of SGA was 6.3%. The dietary patterns extracted by RRR and PLS were similar and characterized by a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in both pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy. Higher adoption of the RRR and PLS patterns in both periods was associated with an increased birth weight SD score and lower risk of SGA. In contrast, the PCA1 pattern was not associated with birth weight SD score or SGA risk in either period. Although the PCA2 pattern was associated with increased birth weight SD score from early to mid-pregnancy, no other associations with birth weight SD score or SGA risk were observed. Conclusions The dietary pattern with a high intake of cereals and fruits and a low intake of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages before and during pregnancy was associated with a decreased SGA risk in Japan. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-022-00808-7.
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Carotenoids in Drug Discovery and Medicine: Pathways and Molecular Targets Implicated in Human Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186005. [PMID: 36144741 PMCID: PMC9503763 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are isoprenoid-derived natural products produced in plants, algae, fungi, and photosynthetic bacteria. Most animals cannot synthesize carotenoids because the biosynthetic machinery to create carotenoids de novo is absent in animals, except arthropods. Carotenoids are biosynthesized from two C20 geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) molecules made from isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP) via the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) route. Carotenoids can be extracted by a variety of methods, including maceration, Soxhlet extraction, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction, and enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE). Carotenoids have been reported to exert various biochemical actions, including the inhibition of the Akt/mTOR, Bcl-2, SAPK/JNK, JAK/STAT, MAPK, Nrf2/Keap1, and NF-κB signaling pathways and the ability to increase cholesterol efflux to HDL. Carotenoids are absorbed in the intestine. A handful of carotenoids and carotenoid-based compounds are in clinical trials, while some are currently used as medicines. The application of metabolic engineering techniques for carotenoid production, whole-genome sequencing, and the use of plants as cell factories to produce specialty carotenoids presents a promising future for carotenoid research. In this review, we discussed the biosynthesis and extraction of carotenoids, the roles of carotenoids in human health, the metabolism of carotenoids, and carotenoids as a source of drugs and supplements.
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Zhang F, Shi D, Wang X, Zhang Y, Duan W, Li Y. β-cryptoxanthin alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signalling in rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1128-1135. [PMID: 32362203 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1760302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanism of β-cryptoxanthin on myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Left anterior descending coronary artery ligation with reperfusion was utilised to establish a MIRI rat model. The results indicated that β-cryptoxanthin decreases infarct size and ameliorates signs of pathological histology in MIRI. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the serum were attenuated in response to β-cryptoxanthin treatment, serum LDH and CK-MB activities were also decreased. Immunohistochemical analysis and western blot results suggested that p65 was translocated to the nucleus in the I/R injury rat model. However, in the β-cryptoxanthin administration group, p65 expression and activity in the nucleus were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, p-p38 MAPK levels in response to β-cryptoxanthin were decreased, indicating that MAPK is involved in NF-κB signalling pathway regulation. In conclusion, β-cryptoxanthin alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammatory signalling in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Shi
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinduo Wang
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yahan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wentao Duan
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuliang Li
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin, China
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29
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Fujii R, Suzuki K, Yamada H, Kawado M, Hashimoto S, Tsuboi Y, Wakai K, Iso H, Watanabe Y, Fujino Y, Tamakoshi A. Association between serum carotenoids and premature mortality in a population-based case-control study. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 84:607-620. [PMID: 36237882 PMCID: PMC9529633 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.84.3.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Carotenoids are abundant pigments mainly contained in vegetables and fruits, and show antioxidant properties by quenching free radicals in human body. Few studies have investigated associations between serum carotenoid levels and premature mortality. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between serum carotenoid level and premature mortality in a Japanese population. This study included 446 Japanese adults (174 men, aged of 40-64) recruited as participants in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Serum carotenoid level was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Premature mortality was defined as death before 65 years old during the follow-up period. Premature mortality was ascertained in 60 men (34.5%) and 65 women (23.9%). In men, compared to the 1st tertile of serum β-cryptoxanthin and provitamin A, those who were in the 3rd tertile had lower risks of premature all-cause mortality (OR, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.07-0.47 for β-cryptoxanthin, and 0.24, 0.09-0.61 for provitamin A). In women, compared to the 1st tertile of serum β-cryptoxanthin, those who were in the 3rd tertile had higher risks of premature all-cause mortality (OR, 95% CI: 1.94, 1.00-4.03). These significant associations were observed in analyses for premature cancer mortality. We found significant associations between higher levels of serum β-cryptoxanthin and provitamin A and lower risks of premature mortality among Japanese men, while a different directional association was found in women. Although these findings suggest roles of serum carotenoids on premature mortality, further studies are needed to validate this association in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Miyuki Kawado
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuji Hashimoto
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Fujino
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Synthesis, Pharmacokinetic Characterization and Antioxidant Capacity of Carotenoid Succinates and Their Melatonin Conjugates. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154822. [PMID: 35956776 PMCID: PMC9369794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoid succinates were synthesized from hydroxy carotenoids and were coupled to a commercially available derivative of melatonin via amide bond for producing more powerful anti-oxidants and yet new hybrid lipophilic bifunctional molecules with additional therapeutic effects. The coupling reactions produced conjugates in acceptable to good yields. Succinylation increased the water solubility of the carotenoids, while the conjugation with melatonin resulted in more lipophilic derivatives. The conjugates showed self-assembly in aqueous medium and yielded relatively stable colloidal solutions in phosphate-buffered saline. Antioxidant behavior was measured with ABTS and the FRAP methods for the carotenoids, the carotenoid succinates, and the conjugates with melatonin. A strong dependence on the quality of the solvent was observed. TEAC values of the new derivatives in phosphate-buffered saline were found to be comparable to or higher than those of parent carotenoids, however, synergism was observed only in FRAP assays.
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31
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Liu W, Wang Q, Chang J, Bhetuwal A, Bhattarai N, Ni X. Circulatory Metabolomics Reveals the Association of the Metabolites With Clinical Features in the Patients With Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy. Front Physiol 2022; 13:848508. [PMID: 35899031 PMCID: PMC9309339 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.848508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy to the mother and fetus. As yet, the metabolic profiles and the association of the clinical features remain obscure. Methods: Fifty-seven healthy pregnant women and 52 patients with ICP were recruited in this study. Plasma samples were collected from pregnancies who received prenatal care between 30 and 36 weeks. Untargeted metabolomics to portray the metabolic profiles were performed by LC/MS. Multivariate combined with the univariate analysis was performed to screen out differential metabolites between the ICP and control groups. A de-biased sparse partial correlation (DSPC) network analysis of differential metabolites was conducted to explore the potential mutual regulation among metabolites on the basis of de-sparsified graphical lasso modeling. The pathway analysis was carried out using MetaboAnalyst. Linear regression and Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze correlations of bile acid levels, metabolites, newborn weights, and pregnancy outcomes in ICP patients. Results: Conspicuous metabolic changes and choreographed metabolic profiles were disclosed: 125 annotated metabolites and 18 metabolic pathways were disturbed in ICP patients. DSPC networks indicated dense interactions among amino acids and their derivatives, bile acids, carbohydrates, and organic acids. The levels of total bile acid (TBA) were increased in ICP patients with meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) compared with those without MSAF. An abnormal tryptophan metabolism, elevated long chain saturated fatty acids and estrone sulfate levels, and a low-antioxidant capacity were relevant to increased bile acid levels. Newborn weights were significantly associated with the levels of bile acids and some metabolites of amino acids. Conclusion: Our study revealed the metabolomic profiles in circulation and the correlation of the metabolites with clinical features in ICP patients. Our data suggest that disturbances in metabolic pathways might be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Translational Medicine Research Center, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinxia Chang
- School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medical, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Anup Bhetuwal
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Nisha Bhattarai
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xin Ni
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Collaborative Research Center for Medical Metabolomics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Ni,
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Chen GC, Chai JC, Xing J, Moon JY, Shan Z, Yu B, Mossavar-Rahman Y, Sotres-Alvarez D, Li J, Mattei J, Daviglus ML, Perkins DL, Burk RD, Boerwinkle E, Kaplan RC, Hu FB, Qi Q. Healthful eating patterns, serum metabolite profile and risk of diabetes in a population-based prospective study of US Hispanics/Latinos. Diabetologia 2022; 65:1133-1144. [PMID: 35357561 PMCID: PMC9890970 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05690-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS We aimed to evaluate associations of multiple recommended dietary patterns (i.e. the alternate Mediterranean diet [aMED], the Healthy Eating Index [HEI]-2015 and the healthful Plant-based Diet Index [hPDI]) with serum metabolite profile, and to examine dietary-pattern-associated metabolites in relation to incident diabetes. METHODS We included 2842 adult participants free from diabetes, CVD and cancer during baseline recruitment of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Metabolomics profiling of fasting serum was performed using an untargeted approach. Dietary pattern scores were derived using information collected by two 24 h dietary recalls. Dietary-pattern-associated metabolites were identified using multivariable survey linear regressions and their associations with incident diabetes were assessed using multivariable survey Poisson regressions with adjustment for traditional risk factors. RESULTS We identified eight metabolites (mannose, γ/β-tocopherol, N1-methylinosine, pyrraline and four amino acids) that were inversely associated with all dietary scores. These metabolites were detrimentally associated with various cardiometabolic risk traits, especially insulin resistance. A score comprised of these metabolites was associated with elevated risk of diabetes (RRper SD 1.54 [95% CI 1.29, 1.83]), and this detrimental association appeared to be attenuated or eliminated by having a higher score for aMED (pinteraction = 0.0001), HEI-2015 (pinteraction = 0.020) or hPDI (pinteraction = 0.023). For example, RR (95% CI) of diabetes for each SD increment in the metabolite score was 1.99 (1.44, 2.37), 1.67 (1.17, 2.38) and 1.08 (0.86, 1.34) across the lowest to the highest tertile of aMED score, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Various recommended dietary patterns were inversely related to a group of metabolites that were associated with elevated risk of diabetes. Adhering to a healthful eating pattern may attenuate or eliminate the detrimental association between metabolically unhealthy serum metabolites and risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jin Choul Chai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jiaqian Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jee-Young Moon
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahman
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Sotres-Alvarez
- Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josiemer Mattei
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David L Perkins
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Robert D Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Christiansen CB, Mellbye FB, Hermansen K, Jeppesen PB, Gregersen S. Effects of Aronia melanocarpa on Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review of Quasi-Design Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials. Rev Diabet Stud 2022; 18:76-92. [PMID: 35831939 PMCID: PMC10044047 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2022.18.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Aronia melanocarpa (Aronia) is a shrub with small berries, chokeberries. Chokeberries are claimed to possess health benefits due to a high content of polyphenols. Aronia is known to be extremely antioxidant; however, evidence for its health benefits is not established.
This review gives an overview of the impact of Aronia on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases. METHODS: Seventeen studies on cardiometabolic risk factors and diseases were identified through a systematic search on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. Inclusion criteria were studies with
Aronia as intervention, performed in individuals with cardiometabolic disease or risk factors, e. g., type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, impaired glucose tolerance, overweight, central obesity and smoking. Four of these studies were applicable for a
quantitative analysis. RESULTS: Aronia did not influence body weight, circulating triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, or blood pressure. The quantitative analysis revealed a mean reduction in blood glucose of 0.44 mmol/l (P=0.0001) in the treatment
group compared with the control group suggesting that Aronia treatment may have a beneficial impact on blood glucose. In addition, treatment durations of 6 weeks to 3 months tended to decrease low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, while shorter treatment durations had no effect on LDL
cholesterol. The quantitative analysis did not provide data on long-term effects of Aronia on lipids. CONCLUSIONS: More long-term high-quality randomized controlled studies are needed to clarify if dietary supplementation with Aronia has beneficial effects on cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine B. Christiansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Fredrik B. Mellbye
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Hermansen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Per B. Jeppesen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Søren Gregersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 165, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Ueno HM, Sato T, Higurashi S, Tazaki H, Toba Y. Xanthophylls in Human Milk and Maternal Diet: A Cross-sectional Analysis of Data from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort. Curr Dev Nutr 2022; 6:nzac093. [PMID: 35702383 PMCID: PMC9188468 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal diet and sociodemographic factors influence xanthophyll concentration and composition in human milk. However, the importance of dietary patterns regarding the intake of fruits, vegetables, and xanthophylls remains unclear. Objective The aim was to determine the composition of xanthophylls in the human milk of Japanese mothers and explore associations of xanthophylls with dietary and sociodemographic factors. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the early phase of the Japanese Human Milk Study. Xanthophyll content was measured using liquid chromatography at 30-36 d postpartum. Maternal intake of foods, nutrients, and dietary supplements was estimated using a food-frequency questionnaire. Linear regression models were established using xanthophylls, maternal diet, and sociodemographic factors. Results Xanthophyll concentrations were measured in human milk from 118 mothers. The xanthophyll concentration varied among individuals. The median (IQR) concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin were 65.6 ng/mL (51.6-103.4 ng/mL), 18.6 ng/mL (12.9-25.8 ng/mL), and 15.6 ng/mL (9.0-26.0 ng/mL), respectively. In multivariate models, the lutein concentration was associated independently with dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education (r 2 = 0.153 for the model; β ± SE: 0.468 ± 0.198, 25.048 ± 10.222, and 13.460 ± 6.774; standardized β = 0.210, 0.217, and 0.175; P = 0.019, 0.016, and 0.049 for dietary green vegetables, exclusive breastfeeding, and education, respectively). For zeaxanthin, exclusive breastfeeding was the most appropriate predictor (r 2 = 0.085; β ± SE: 7.811 ± 3.300; standardized β = 0.218; P = 0.020). The highest predictive power for human milk β-cryptoxanthin was obtained with dietary β-cryptoxanthin (r 2 = 0.258; β ± SE: 0.089 ± 0.015; standardized β = 0.468; P < 0.001), attributed to maternal citrus intake. Conclusions β-Cryptoxanthin in human milk was the xanthophyll most influenced by the maternal diet in Japanese women. The β-cryptoxanthin concentration in human milk was reflected by the maternal β-cryptoxanthin intake, mainly attributed to Japanese citrus consumption. This trial was registered in the Japanese Clinical Trials Registry (https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000017649) as UMIN000015494.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi M Ueno
- Research and Development Department, Bean Stalk Snow Co., Ltd, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Touko Sato
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - Satoshi Higurashi
- Research and Development Department, Bean Stalk Snow Co., Ltd, Kawagoe, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tazaki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Toba
- Research and Development Department, Bean Stalk Snow Co., Ltd, Kawagoe, Japan
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Chai JC, Chen GC, Yu B, Xing J, Li J, Khambaty T, Perreira KM, Perera MJ, Vidot DC, Castaneda SF, Selvin E, Rebholz CM, Daviglus ML, Cai J, Van Horn L, Isasi CR, Sun Q, Hawkins M, Xue X, Boerwinkle E, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Serum Metabolomics of Incident Diabetes and Glycemic Changes in a Population With High Diabetes Burden: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Diabetes 2022; 71:1338-1349. [PMID: 35293992 PMCID: PMC9163555 DOI: 10.2337/db21-1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomic signatures of incident diabetes remain largely unclear for the U.S. Hispanic/Latino population, a group with high diabetes burden. We evaluated the associations of 624 known serum metabolites (measured by a global, untargeted approach) with incident diabetes in a subsample (n = 2,010) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos without diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline (2008-2011). Based on the significant metabolites associated with incident diabetes, metabolite modules were detected using topological network analysis, and their associations with incident diabetes and longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic traits were further examined. There were 224 incident cases of diabetes after an average 6 years of follow-up. After adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical factors, 134 metabolites were associated with incident diabetes (false discovery rate-adjusted P < 0.05). We identified 10 metabolite modules, including modules comprising previously reported diabetes-related metabolites (e.g., sphingolipids, phospholipids, branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, glycine), and 2 reflecting potentially novel metabolite groups (e.g., threonate, N-methylproline, oxalate, and tartarate in a plant food metabolite module and androstenediol sulfates in an androgenic steroid metabolite module). The plant food metabolite module and its components were associated with higher diet quality (especially higher intakes of healthy plant-based foods), lower risk of diabetes, and favorable longitudinal changes in HOMA for insulin resistance. The androgenic steroid module and its component metabolites decreased with increasing age and were associated with a higher risk of diabetes and greater increases in 2-h glucose over time. We replicated the associations of both modules with incident diabetes in a U.S. cohort of non-Hispanic Black and White adults (n = 1,754). Among U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults, we identified metabolites across various biological pathways, including those reflecting androgenic steroids and plant-derived foods, associated with incident diabetes and changes in glycemic traits, highlighting the importance of hormones and dietary intake in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Choul Chai
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Jiaqian Xing
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | | | - Krista M. Perreira
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Denise C. Vidot
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL
| | | | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Martha L. Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Jianwen Cai
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
| | - Meredith Hawkins
- Diabetes Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology and Human Genetics Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Comparison of three antioxidants in chemical and biological assays on porcine oocytes during ageing in vitro. ZYGOTE 2022; 30:561-570. [PMID: 35443903 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199421000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have already revealed that β-cryptoxanthin (BCX), hesperetin (HES), and icariin (ICA) antioxidants are effective for in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes. In this study, we investigated which of BCX, HES, or ICA was more effective for IVM of porcine oocytes. The antioxidant properties were assessed with aged porcine oocytes and embryos by comparing 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, and H2O2 scavenging activity assays. The chemical assay results demonstrated that BCX had a greater DPPH scavenging activity and reducing power than HES and ICA, compared with controls. However, the H2O2 scavenging activity of the antioxidants was similar when tested at the optimal concentrations of 1 μM BCX (BCX-1), 100 μM HES (HES-100), and 5 μM ICA (ICA-5). The biological assay results showed that BCX-1 treatment was more effective in inducing a significant reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS), improving glutathione levels, and increasing the expression of antioxidant genes. In addition, BCX-1 inhibited apoptosis by increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic genes and decreasing pro-apoptotic genes in porcine parthenogenetic blastocysts. BCX-1 also significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate compared with the ageing control group, HES-100 and ICA-5. This study demonstrates that damage from ROS produced during oocyte ageing can be prevented by supplementing antioxidants into the IVM medium, and BCX may be a potential candidate to improve assisted reproductive technologies.
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Olmedilla-Alonso B, Granado-Lorencio F, de Ancos B, Sánchez-Moreno C, Martín-Belloso O, Blanco I, Herrero-Barbudo C, Elez-Martínez P, Plaza L, Cano MP. Greater bioavailability of xanthophylls compared to carotenes from orange juice (high-pressure processed, pulsed electric field treated, low-temperature pasteurised, and freshly squeezed) in a crossover study in healthy individuals. Food Chem 2022; 371:130821. [PMID: 34628251 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effect of the intake of orange juice provided freshly squeezed (FS) or processed using low-temperature pasteurisation (LP), high-pressure processing (HPP), or pulsed electric field (PEF) treatment on the serum carotenoid concentrations of 12 healthy individuals, aged 20-32 years, enrolled in a crossover study. Participants were instructed to consume 500 ml of orange juice/day for 14 days. Carotenoid concentrations in the orange juice as well as serum samples retrieved on days 7 and 14 were analysed via HPLC. A significant increase in serum xanthophyll concentrations, but not serum carotenes, was observed, with the highest increase in α- and β-cryptoxanthin. The processing technologies applied appeared to affect serum carotenoid concentrations, with concentrations being similar in the HPP and FS orange juice types. As high variability in serum carotenoid concentrations was observed, the effect of different technologies on serum carotenoid concentration warrants further studies with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Begoña de Ancos
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Department of Characterisation, Quality and Safety, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Sánchez-Moreno
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Department of Characterisation, Quality and Safety, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Martín-Belloso
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Blanco
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Unidad de Vitaminas, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herrero-Barbudo
- Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Unidad de Vitaminas, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Elez-Martínez
- Food Technology Department, University of Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lucía Plaza
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Department of Characterisation, Quality and Safety, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Pilar Cano
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Department of Characterisation, Quality and Safety, Madrid, Spain
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Datta S, Dutta D. WITHDRAWN: An in-silico study to investigate the role of β-cryptoxanthin on obesity. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kabir MT, Rahman MH, Shah M, Jamiruddin MR, Basak D, Al-Harrasi A, Bhatia S, Ashraf GM, Najda A, El-Kott AF, Mohamed HRH, Al-Malky HS, Germoush MO, Altyar AE, Alwafai EB, Ghaboura N, Abdel-Daim MM. Therapeutic promise of carotenoids as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents in neurodegenerative disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112610. [PMID: 35062074 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis have various disease-specific causal factors and pathological features. A very common characteristic of NDs is oxidative stress (OS), which takes place due to the elevated generation of reactive oxygen species during the progression of NDs. Furthermore, the pathological condition of NDs including an increased level of protein aggregates can further lead to chronic inflammation because of the microglial activation. Carotenoids (CTs) are naturally occurring pigments that play a significant role in averting brain disorders. More than 750 CTs are present in nature, and they are widely available in plants, microorganisms, and animals. CTs are accountable for the red, yellow, and orange pigments in several animals and plants, and these colors usually indicate various types of CTs. CTs exert various bioactive properties because of its characteristic structure, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Due to the protective properties of CTs, levels of CTs in the human body have been markedly linked with the prevention and treatment of multiple diseases including NDs. In this review, we have summarized the relationship between OS, neuroinflammation, and NDs. In addition, we have also particularly focused on the antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties of CTs in the management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tanvir Kabir
- Department of Pharmacy, Brac University, 66 Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh; Department of Global Medical Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Gangwon-do, South Korea.
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Debasish Basak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, United States
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, 616 Birkat Al Mauz, Nizwa, Oman; School of Health Science, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 50A Doświadczalna Street, 20-280 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Hanan R H Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Hamdan S Al-Malky
- Regional Drug Information Center, Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box: 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Altyar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80260, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa B Alwafai
- Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nehmat Ghaboura
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
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Mavrommatis A, Zografaki ME, Marka S, Myrtsi ED, Giamouri E, Christodoulou C, Evergetis E, Iliopoulos V, Koulocheri SD, Moschopoulou G, Simitzis PE, Pappas AC, Flemetakis E, Koutinas A, Haroutounian SA, Tsiplakou E. Effect of a Carotenoid Extract from Citrus reticulata By-Products on the Immune-Oxidative Status of Broilers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11010144. [PMID: 35052648 PMCID: PMC8773417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although carotenoids generally possess antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, the in vivo synergistic action of carotenoid blends derived from plant-based by-products has not been thoroughly studied. Therefore, the carotenoid characterization and antimicrobial potential of Citrus reticulata extract as well as the impact of this carotenoid-rich extract (CCE) dietary supplementation on the performance, meat quality, and immune-oxidative status of broiler chickens were determined. One hundred and twenty one-day-old hatched chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to two dietary groups, with four replicate pens of 15 birds each. Birds were fed either a basal diet (CON) or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% CCE (25 mg carotenoid extract included in 1 g of soluble starch) for 42 d. β-Cryptoxanthin, β-Carotene, Zeaxanthin, and Lutein were the prevailing carotenoid compounds in the Citrus reticulata extract. The CCE feed additive exerted inhibitory properties against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and negative (Klebsiella oxytoca, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium) bacteria. Both the broiler performance and meat quality did not substantially differ, while the breast muscle malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration tended to decrease (p = 0.070) in the CCE-fed broilers. The inclusion of CCE decreased the alanine aminotransferase and MDA concentration, and the activity of glutathione peroxidase, while the activity of superoxide dismutase was increased in the blood. Catalase and NADPH oxidase 2 relative transcript levels were significantly downregulated in the livers of the CCE-fed broilers. Additionally, Interleukin 1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) relative transcript levels were downregulated in the livers of the CCE- fed broilers, while TNF and interferon γ (IFNG) tended to decrease in the spleens and bursa of Fabricius, respectively. The present study provided new insights regarding the beneficial properties of carotenoids contained in Citrus reticulata in broilers’ immune-oxidative status. These promising outcomes could be the basis for further research under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Mavrommatis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Maria-Eleftheria Zografaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (M.-E.Z.); (S.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Sofia Marka
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (M.-E.Z.); (S.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Eleni D. Myrtsi
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Elisavet Giamouri
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Christos Christodoulou
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Epameinondas Evergetis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Vasilios Iliopoulos
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Sofia D. Koulocheri
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Georgia Moschopoulou
- Laboratory of Cell Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Panagiotis E. Simitzis
- Laboratory of Animal Breeding & Husbandry, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Athanasios C. Pappas
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (M.-E.Z.); (S.M.); (E.F.)
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Laboratory of Food Process Engineering, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece;
| | - Serkos A. Haroutounian
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Eleni Tsiplakou
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, GR-11855 Athens, Greece; (A.M.); (E.D.M.); (E.G.); (C.C.); (E.E.); (V.I.); (S.D.K.); (A.C.P.); (S.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2105294435; Fax: +30-2105294413
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Microalgae Xanthophylls: From Biosynthesis Pathway and Production Techniques to Encapsulation Development. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112835. [PMID: 34829118 PMCID: PMC8623138 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, xanthophylls from microalgae have gained increased scientific and industrial interests. This review highlights the essential issues that concern this class of high value compounds. Firstly, their chemical diversity as the producer microorganisms was detailed. Then, the use of conventional and innovative extraction techniques was discussed. Upgraded knowledge on the biosynthetic pathway of the main xanthophylls produced by photosynthetic microorganisms was reviewed in depth, providing new insightful ideas, clarifying the function of these active biomolecules. In addition, the recent advances in encapsulation techniques of astaxanthin and fucoxanthin, such as spray and freeze drying, gelation, emulsification and coacervation were updated. Providing information about these topics and their applications and advances could be a help to students and young researchers who are interested in chemical and metabolic engineering, chemistry and natural products communities to approach the complex thematic of xanthophylls.
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Plasma Carotenoids and Premenstrual Symptoms in a Multi-Ethnic Population of Young Women. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113870. [PMID: 34836125 PMCID: PMC8618911 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Premenstrual symptoms are experienced by most women of reproductive age, but effective therapies are limited. Carotenoids may have an attenuating effect on premenstrual symptoms; however, studies to date are equivocal. The objective of the present study was to examine the association between plasma concentrations of seven carotenoids and premenstrual symptom severity in 553 women from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health study. Participants provided information on fifteen common premenstrual symptoms and severities. Each participant completed a General Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire and provided a fasting blood sample from which plasma carotenoid concentrations were measured. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to determine associations between plasma carotenoid concentrations and premenstrual symptom severity. Beta-cryptoxanthin was associated with moderate/severe increased appetite for women in the highest compared to the lowest tertile (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.39, 3.89). This association remained significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. There were no observed associations between other plasma carotenoids and any premenstrual symptoms. In summary, higher concentrations of beta-cryptoxanthin were associated with an increased appetite as a premenstrual symptom, but no associations were observed for any other carotenoid and for any other symptom.
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Kelly RS, Stewart ID, Bayne H, Kachroo P, Spiro Iii A, Vokonas P, Sparrow D, Weiss ST, Knihtilä HM, Litonjua AA, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Lasky-Su JA. Metabolomic differences in lung function metrics: evidence from two cohorts. Thorax 2021; 77:919-928. [PMID: 34650005 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-216639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The biochemical mechanisms underlying lung function are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES To identify and validate the plasma metabolome of lung function using two independent adult cohorts: discovery-the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk, n=10 460) and validation-the VA Normative Aging Study (NAS) metabolomic cohort (n=437). METHODS We ran linear regression models for 693 metabolites to identify associations with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), in EPIC-Norfolk then validated significant findings in NAS. Significance in EPIC-Norfolk was denoted using an effective number of tests threshold of 95%; a metabolite was considered validated in NAS if the direction of effect was consistent and p<0.05. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Of 156 metabolites that associated with FEV1 in EPIC-Norfolk after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, height, smoking and asthma status, 34 (21.8%) validated in NAS, including several metabolites involved in oxidative stress. When restricting the discovery sample to men only, a similar percentage, 18 of 79 significant metabolites (22.8%) were validated. A smaller number of metabolites were validated for FEV1/FVC, 6 of 65 (9.2%) when including all EPIC-Norfolk as the discovery population, and 2 of 34 (5.9%) when restricting to men. These metabolites were characterised by involvement in respiratory track secretants. Interestingly, no metabolites were validated for both FEV1 and FEV1/FVC. CONCLUSIONS The validation of metabolites associated with respiratory function can help to better understand mechanisms of lung health and may assist the development of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Haley Bayne
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Avron Spiro Iii
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Pantel Vokonas
- VA Normative Aging Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - David Sparrow
- VA Normative Aging Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hanna M Knihtilä
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | | | | | - Jessica A Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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44
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Khalil A, Tazeddinova D, Aljoumaa K, Kazhmukhanbetkyzy ZA, Orazov A, Toshev AD. Carotenoids: Therapeutic Strategy in the Battle against Viral Emerging Diseases, COVID-19: An Overview. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2021; 26:241-261. [PMID: 34737985 PMCID: PMC8531419 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2021.26.3.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids, a group of phytochemicals, are naturally found in the Plant kingdom, particularly in fruits, vegetables, and algae. There are more than 600 types of carotenoids, some of which are thought to prevent disease, mainly through their antioxidant properties. Carotenoids exhibit several biological and pharmaceutical benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and immunity booster properties, particularly as some carotenoids can be converted into vitamin A in the body. However, humans cannot synthesize carotenoids and need to obtain them from their diets or via supplementation. The emerging zoonotic virus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), originated in bats, and was transmitted to humans. COVID-19 continues to cause devastating international health problems worldwide. Therefore, natural preventive therapeutic strategies from bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, should be appraised for strengthening physiological functions against emerging viruses. This review summarizes the most important carotenoids for human health and enhancing immunity, and their potential role in COVID-19 and its related symptoms. In conclusion, promising roles of carotenoids as treatments against emerging disease and related symptoms are highlighted, most of which have been heavily premeditated in studies conducted on several viral infections, including COVID-19. Further in vitro and in vivo research is required before carotenoids can be considered as potent drugs against such emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Khalil
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Diana Tazeddinova
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | - Khaled Aljoumaa
- Department of Food technology, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ayan Orazov
- Higher School of Technologies of Food and Processing Productions, Zhangir Khan University, Uralsk 090009, The Republic of Kazakhstan
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45
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Cisneros FH, Estrada M, Pimentel U, Torres Y. Hurdle Technology Applied to Lucuma (Pouteria Lucuma) Fruit Pulp: Microbial Aspects. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2021.1978365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Humberto Cisneros
- Ingenieria Agroindustrial- Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad San Ignacio De Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Maibely Estrada
- Ingenieria Agroindustrial- Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad San Ignacio De Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Uziel Pimentel
- Ingenieria Agroindustrial- Industrias Alimentarias, Universidad San Ignacio De Loyola, Lima, Peru
| | - Yuri Torres
- Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Peru
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Calcium-Enriched Pumpkin Affects Serum Leptin Levels and Fat Content in a Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072334. [PMID: 34371845 PMCID: PMC8308801 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the world’s population is deficient in dietary calcium, it is important to search for new sources of this essential mineral for the bones and the entire body. One of the innovative foods that could act as such a source is pumpkin enriched with calcium lactate by means of osmotic dehydration. Providing the body with easily absorbable calcium may have beneficial effects on the reconstruction of bone tissue. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is associated with body weight and fat mass gain, and the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of consuming enriched pumpkin on the levels of adipokines and cytokines produced by the adipose tissue. This study was conducted on 12-month-old female Wistar rats that received nutritional intervention for 12 weeks. After termination of the rats, the levels of leptin, adiponectin, interleukin 31 and interleukin 33 in serum and adipose tissue were determined, and the femurs were examined histopathologically. It was demonstrated that calcium-enriched pumpkin reduced bone marrow femoral adipocytes and also markedly decreased serum leptin levels in groups of rats after ovariectomy, which was associated with a decrease of fat content. Additionally, it seems that calcium-enriched pumpkin may reduce body weight gain often observed after menopause.
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47
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Palacios N, Lee JS, Scott T, Kelly RS, Bhupathiraju SN, Bigornia SJ, Tucker KL. Circulating Plasma Metabolites and Cognitive Function in a Puerto Rican Cohort. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:1267-1280. [PMID: 32716356 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minorities, including mainland Puerto Ricans, are impacted disproportionally by Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia, and cognitive decline. Studying blood metabolomics in this population has the potential to probe the biological underpinnings of this health disparity. OBJECTIVE We performed a comprehensive analysis of circulating plasma metabolites in relation to cognitive function in 736 participants from the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) who underwent untargeted mass-spectrometry based metabolomics analysis and had undergone a battery of in-person cognitive testing at baseline. METHODS After relevant exclusions, 621 metabolites were examined. We used multivariable regression, adjusted for age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, smoking, and Mediterranean dietary pattern, to identify metabolites related to global cognitive function in our cohort. LASSO machine learning was used in a complementary analysis to identify metabolites that could discriminate good from poor extremes of cognition. We also conducted sensitivity analyses: restricted to participants without diabetes, and to participants with good adherence to Mediterranean diet. RESULTS Of 621 metabolites, FDR corrected (p < 0.05) multivariable linear regression identified 3 metabolites positively, and 10 negatively, associated with cognitive function in the BPRHS. In a combination of FDR-corrected linear regression, logistic regression regularized via LASSO, and sensitivity analyses restricted to participants without diabetes, and with good adherence to the Mediterranean diet, β-cryptoxanthin plasma concentration was consistently associated with better cognitive function and N-acetylisoleucine and tyramine O-sulfate concentrations were consistently associated with worse cognitive function. CONCLUSION This untargeted metabolomics study identified potential biomarkers for cognitive function in a cohort of Puerto Rican older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Palacios
- Department of Public Health, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, ENRM VA Hospital, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Jong Soo Lee
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Tammy Scott
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shilpa N Bhupathiraju
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sherman J Bigornia
- University of New Hampshire, Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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Green Biosynthesis of Flaxseed Gold Nanoparticles (Au-NPs) as Potent Anti-cancer Agent Against Breast Cancer Cells. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Fujii R, Tsuboi Y, Maeda K, Ishihara Y, Suzuki K. Analysis of Repeated Measurements of Serum Carotenoid Levels and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Japan. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2113369. [PMID: 34115126 PMCID: PMC8196342 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The associations of levels of diverse serum carotenoids ascertained via repeated measurements with all-cause, cancer, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk have not been considered in previous prospective studies. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between repeated measurement of serum carotenoid levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study's baseline data were collected using information from physical examinations from 1990 to 1999. Eligible participants were followed up until December 2017, with a median (interquartile range) follow-up period of 22.3 (15.5-25.3) years. Included individuals were age 40 years or older at the baseline data collection, were residents of the study site in the town of Yakumo, Hokkaido, Japan, and participated in a physical examination at least once from 1990 to 1999. Among eligible participants, after excluding 332 individuals, 3116 individuals were included in the analysis. Data analysis was conducted in April 2020. EXPOSURES Repeated measurements of 6 serum carotenoid levels and 4 associated indices. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES All-cause, cancer, and CVD mortality, categorized by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes, were recorded. A time-dependent Cox regression model was performed to examine associations between time-varying serum carotenoid levels and mortality. RESULTS Among 3116 individuals who received physical examinations, the mean (SD) age was 54.7 (10.6) years and 1883 (60.4%) were women. During the follow-up period, 762 deaths from all causes, 253 deaths from cancer, and 210 deaths from CVD were ascertained. In a time-dependent Cox regression analysis, for every 25% higher serum levels of total carotenoids, risks were statistically significantly lower for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.82-0.87; P < .001), cancer mortality (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.78-0.87; P < .001), and CVD mortality (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.81-0.91; P < .001). Using only baseline measures, for every 25% higher serum levels of total carotenoids, risks were also statistically significantly lower for all-cause mortality (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.89-0.95; P < .001), cancer mortality (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.83-0.93; P < .001), and CVD mortality (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.88-0.99; P = .03) but with larger HRs than those associated with repeated measurements. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This study found that higher levels of serum carotenoids in analysis using repeated measurements were associated with significantly lower all-cause and cause-specific mortality over a follow-up period of 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Keisuke Maeda
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yuya Ishihara
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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Oshima T, Takahashi K, Inada A, Yamasaki M, Yamasaki Y, Eto N. Enhanced water dispersibility and permeability through a Caco-2 cell monolayer of β-cryptoxanthin extracted from kumquats by complexation with casein. Food Chem 2021; 360:129822. [PMID: 33984564 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
β-Cryptoxanthin (BCX) possesses potential therapeutic and health benefits. However, BCX absorption is low because of its poor aqueous solubility. In this study, a complex between BCX and casein (Cas) was prepared to improve the water dispersibility and bioavailability of BCX. BCX was recovered quantitatively from freeze-dried kumquat powder through solid-liquid extraction and saponification. The complexation significantly improved the apparent solubility of BCX under acidic and neutral conditions. A cell membrane permeation test using a Caco-2 cell monolayer was performed to evaluate the bioavailability of the BCX-Cas complex. This complex and a blank sample were digested in vitro and added to the apical side of the Caco-2 cell membrane. The quantity of BCX that permeated using the BCX-Cas complex after 24 h was 22.7 times greater than that of the blank. Thus, complexation of BCX with Cas improved dramatically the bioavailability of BCX from a kumquat extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Oshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
| | - Koki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Asuka Inada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masao Yamasaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yumi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Regional Innovation, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Nozomu Eto
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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