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Xu Y, Zhang Y, Ma F, Zhao J, Yang H, Song S, Zhang S. Identification of DREB Family Genes in Banana and Their Function under Drought and Cold Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2119. [PMID: 39124237 PMCID: PMC11314547 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Bananas are one of the most important cash crops in the tropics and subtropics. Drought and low-temperature stress affect the growth of banana. The DREB (dehydration responsive element binding protein) gene family, as one of the major transcription factor families, plays crucial roles in defense against abiotic stress. Currently, systematic analyses of the banana DREB (MaDREB) gene family have not yet been reported. In this study, 103 members of the MaDREB gene family were identified in the banana genome. In addition, transcriptomic analysis results revealed that MaDREBs responded to drought and cold stress. The expression of MaDREB14/22/51 was induced by drought and cold stress; these geneswere selected for further analysis. The qRT-PCR validation results confirmed the transcriptome results. Additionally, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing MaDREB14/22/51 exhibited enhanced resistance to drought and cold stress by reducing MDA content and increasing PRO and soluble sugar content. This study enhances our understanding of the function of the MaDREB gene family, provides new insights into their regulatory role under abiotic stress, and lays a good foundation for improving drought and cold stress-tolerant banana verities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Z.)
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Tropical Crops, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.M.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Yanshu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Funing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Tropical Crops, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.M.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Jingxi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Tropical Crops, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.M.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Huiting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Tropical Crops, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.M.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Shun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Biological Breeding for Tropical Crops, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China; (F.M.); (J.Z.); (H.Y.)
- Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rual Affairs, Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Haikou 571101, China
- Hainan Seed Industry Laboratory, Sanya 572000, China
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Biosafety Monitoring and Molecular Breeding in Off-Season Reproduction Regions, Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Sanya Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Y.X.); (Y.Z.)
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Li G, Mo Y, Lv J, Han S, Fan W, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Deng M, Xu B, Wang Y, Zhao K. Unraveling verticillium wilt resistance: insight from the integration of transcriptome and metabolome in wild eggplant. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1378748. [PMID: 38863534 PMCID: PMC11165189 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1378748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Verticillium wilt, caused by Verticillium dahliae, is a soil-borne disease affecting eggplant. Wild eggplant, recognized as an excellent disease-resistant resource against verticillium wilt, plays a pivotal role in grafting and breeding for disease resistance. However, the underlying resistance mechanisms of wild eggplant remain poorly understood. This study compared two wild eggplant varieties, LC-2 (high resistance) and LC-7 (sensitive) at the phenotypic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic levels to determine the molecular basis of their resistance to verticillium wilt. These two varieties exhibit substantial phenotypic differences in petal color, leaf spines, and fruit traits. Following inoculation with V. dahliae, LC-2 demonstrated significantly higher activities of polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, β-1,3 glucanase, and chitinase than did LC-7. RNA sequencing revealed 4,017 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with a significant portion implicated in processes associated with disease resistance and growth. These processes encompassed defense responses, cell wall biogenesis, developmental processes, and biosynthesis of spermidine, cinnamic acid, and cutin. A gene co-expression analysis identified 13 transcription factors as hub genes in modules related to plant defense response. Some genes exhibited distinct expression patterns between LC-2 and LC-7, suggesting their crucial roles in responding to infection. Further, metabolome analysis identified 549 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) between LC-2 and LC-7, primarily consisting of compounds such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, lipids, and other metabolites. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed the association of 35 gene-metabolite pairs in modules related to the plant defense response, highlighting the interconnected processes underlying the plant defense response. These findings characterize the molecular basis of LC-2 resistance to verticillium wilt and thus have potential value for future breeding of wilt-resistant eggplant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yunrong Mo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shu Han
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Minghua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Li X, Tao N, Xu B, Xu J, Yang Z, Jiang C, Zhou Y, Deng M, Lv J, Zhao K. Establishment and application of a root wounding-immersion method for efficient virus-induced gene silencing in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336726. [PMID: 38708388 PMCID: PMC11066161 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
In the post-genomic era, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) has played an important role in research on reverse genetics in plants. Commonly used Agrobacterium-mediated VIGS inoculation methods include stem scratching, leaf infiltration, use of agrodrench, and air-brush spraying. In this study, we developed a root wounding-immersion method in which 1/3 of the plant root (length) was cut and immersed in a tobacco rattle virus (TRV)1:TRV2 mixed solution for 30 min. We optimized the procedure in Nicotiana benthamiana and successfully silenced N. benthamiana, tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena), and Arabidopsis thaliana phytoene desaturase (PDS), and we observed the movement of green fluorescent protein (GFP) from the roots to the stem and leaves. The silencing rate of PDS in N. benthamiana and tomato was 95-100%. In addition, we successfully silenced two disease-resistance genes, SITL5 and SITL6, to decrease disease resistance in tomatoes (CLN2037E). The root wounding-immersion method can be used to inoculate large batches of plants in a short time and with high efficiency, and fresh bacterial infusions can be reused several times. The most important aspect of the root wounding-immersion method is its application to plant species susceptible to root inoculation, as well as its ability to inoculate seedlings from early growth stages. This method offers a means to conduct large-scale functional genome screening in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Na Tao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Caiqian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Minghua Deng
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junheng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biology of Yunnan Province, College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Luo J, Li M, Ju J, Hai H, Wei W, Ling P, Li D, Su J, Zhang X, Wang C. Genome-Wide Identification of the GhANN Gene Family and Functional Validation of GhANN11 and GhANN4 under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1877. [PMID: 38339155 PMCID: PMC10855742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Annexins (ANNs) are a structurally conserved protein family present in almost all plants. In the present study, 27 GhANNs were identified in cotton and were unevenly distributed across 14 chromosomes. Transcriptome data and RT-qPCR results revealed that multiple GhANNs respond to at least two abiotic stresses. Similarly, the expression levels of GhANN4 and GhANN11 were significantly upregulated under heat, cold, and drought stress. Using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), functional characterization of GhANN4 and GhANN11 revealed that, compared with those of the controls, the leaf wilting of GhANN4-silenced plants was more obvious, and the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were lower under NaCl and PEG stress. Moreover, the expression of stress marker genes (GhCBL3, GhDREB2A, GhDREB2C, GhPP2C, GhRD20-2, GhCIPK6, GhNHX1, GhRD20-1, GhSOS1, GhSOS2 and GhSnRK2.6) was significantly downregulated in GhANN4-silenced plants after stress. Under cold stress, the growth of the GHANN11-silenced plants was significantly weaker than that of the control plants, and the activities of POD, SOD, and CAT were also lower. However, compared with those of the control, the elasticity and orthostatic activity of the GhANN11-silenced plants were greater; the POD, SOD, and CAT activities were higher; and the GhDREB2C, GhHSP, and GhSOS2 expression levels were greater under heat stress. These results suggest that different GhANN family members respond differently to different types of abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Meili Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jisheng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Han Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Pingjie Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Dandan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Junji Su
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xianliang Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Anyang 455000, China
| | - Caixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (J.L.); (M.L.); (J.J.); (H.H.); (W.W.); (P.L.); (D.L.); (J.S.)
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Mao K, Yang J, Sun Y, Guo X, Qiu L, Mei Q, Li N, Ma F. MdbHLH160 is stabilized via reduced MdBT2-mediated degradation to promote MdSOD1 and MdDREB2A-like expression for apple drought tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1181-1203. [PMID: 37930306 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a key environmental factor limiting the productivity, quality, and geographic distribution of crops worldwide. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant drought stress responses, but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report an ABA-responsive bHLH transcription factor, MdbHLH160, which promotes drought tolerance in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and apple (Malus domestica). Under drought conditions, MdbHLH160 is directly bound to the MdSOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1) promoter and activated its transcription, thereby triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging and enhancing apple drought tolerance. MdbHLH160 also promoted MdSOD1 enzyme activity and accumulation in the nucleus through direct protein interactions, thus inhibiting excessive nuclear ROS levels. Moreover, MdbHLH160 directly upregulated the expression of MdDREB2A-like, a DREB (dehydration-responsive element binding factor) family gene that promotes apple drought tolerance. Protein degradation and ubiquitination assays showed that drought and ABA treatment stabilized MdbHLH160. The BTB protein MdBT2 was identified as an MdbHLH160-interacting protein that promoted MdbHLH160 ubiquitination and degradation, and ABA treatment substantially inhibited this process. Overall, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of ABA-modulated drought tolerance at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels via the ABA-MdBT2-MdbHLH160-MdSOD1/MdDREB2A-like cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lina Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanlin Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Bai Y, Zou R, Zhang H, Li J, Wu T. Functional Characterization of CsF3Ha and Its Promoter in Response to Visible Light and Plant Growth Regulators in the Tea Plant. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:196. [PMID: 38256750 PMCID: PMC10820056 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H) catalyzes trihydroxyflavanone formation into dihydroflavonols in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, serving as precursors for anthocyanin synthesis. To investigate the CsF3Ha promoter's regulation in the 'Zijuan' tea plant, we cloned the CsF3Ha gene from this plant. It was up-regulated under various visible light conditions (blue, red, and ultraviolet (UV)) and using plant growth regulators (PGRs), including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), ethephon, and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). The 1691 bp promoter sequence was cloned. The full-length promoter P1 (1691 bp) and its two deletion derivatives, P2 (890 bp) and P3 (467 bp), were fused with the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, and were introduced into tobacco via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. GUS staining, activity analysis, and relative expression showed that visible light and PGRs responded to promoter fragments. The anthocyanin content analysis revealed a significant increase due to visible light and PGRs. These findings suggest that diverse treatments indirectly enhance anthocyanin accumulation in 'Zijuan' tea plant leaves, establishing a foundation for further research on CsF3Ha promoter activity and its regulatory role in anthocyanin accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Bai
- School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.B.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Rui Zou
- Qiannan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Duyun 558000, China;
| | - Hongye Zhang
- School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.B.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiaying Li
- School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.B.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Tian Wu
- School of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; (Y.B.); (H.Z.); (J.L.)
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Wang D, Ji XL, Li Z, Zhang MY, Liu MP, Song XS. A Cerasus humilis transcription factor, ChDREB2C, enhances salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:82-92. [PMID: 38014504 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
DREB transcription factors play important roles in plant responses to various abiotic and biotic stresses. We conducted bioinformatics analysis of ChDREB2C, explored subcellular localization, transcription activation activity, and heterologous expression in Arabidopsis, and measured expression of related physiological indicators and genes under salt stress. A transcription factor of the DREB family was cloned and named ChDREB2C. ChDREB2C protein was localized in the nucleus, and its C-terminal domain exhibited transcriptional activation activity. ChDREB2C formed a homologous dimer in yeast. Arabidopsis plants overexpressing ChDREB2C were more tolerant to salt stress than WT plants, through increased scavenging capacity of ROS and accumulation of proline. Overexpression of ChDREB2C resulted in increased expression of AtSOS1, AtNHX1, AtRD29A, AtRD29B, AtKIN1, AtABA4, and AtABF2 genes. The interaction between ChABF2 (ABA response element binding factor 2) and ChDREB2C was verified using yeast two-hybrid and firefly luciferase assays. The results suggest that ChDREB2C could have a positive role in mediating the abiotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - X L Ji
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Z Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - M Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - M P Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - X S Song
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
- Department of Genetics, College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Wen X, Yuan J, Bozorov TA, Waheed A, Kahar G, Haxim Y, Liu X, Huang L, Zhang D. An efficient screening system of disease-resistant genes from wild apple, Malus sieversii in response to Valsa mali pathogenic fungus. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:138. [PMID: 38042829 PMCID: PMC10693133 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
For molecular breeding of future apples, wild apple (Malus sieversii), the primary progenitor of domesticated apples, provides abundant genetic diversity and disease-resistance traits. Valsa canker (caused by the fungal pathogen Valsa mali) poses a major threat to wild apple population as well as to cultivated apple production in China. In the present study, we developed an efficient system for screening disease-resistant genes of M. sieversii in response to V. mali. An optimal agrobacterium-mediated transient transformation of M. sieversii was first used to manipulate in situ the expression of candidate genes. After that, the pathogen V. mali was inoculated on transformed leaves and stems, and 3 additional methods for slower disease courses were developed for V. mali inoculation. To identify the resistant genes, a series of experiments were performed including morphological (incidence, lesion area/length, fungal biomass), physiological (H2O2 content, malondialdehyde content), and molecular (Real-time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) approaches. Using the optimized system, we identified two transcription factors with high resistance to V. mali, MsbHLH41 and MsEIL3. Furthermore, 35 and 45 downstream genes of MsbHLH41 and MsEIL3 were identified by screening the V. mali response gene database in M. sieversii, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that the disease-resistant gene screening system has a wide range of applications for identifying resistant genes and exploring their immune regulatory networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
- National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Forest Ecosystem in Yili (XinJiang), Academy of Forestry in Yili, Yili, 835100, China
| | - Jiangxue Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Tohir A Bozorov
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Abdul Waheed
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Gulnaz Kahar
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
| | - Yakupjan Haxim
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Xiaojie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China
| | - Lili Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China.
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830000, China.
- Turpan Eremophytes Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Turpan, 838008, China.
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9
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Zhou S, Gao Q, Chen M, Zhang Y, Li J, Guo J, Lu J, Lou Y. Silencing a dehydration-responsive element-binding gene enhances the resistance of plants to a phloem-feeding herbivore. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:3090-3101. [PMID: 36788431 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant defence responses share common components with plant responses to abiotic stresses. However, whether abiotic stress-responsive factors influence the resistance of plants to herbivores by regulating these components remains largely unknown. Here, we cloned a dehydration-responsive element-binding gene in rice, OsDREB1A, and investigated its role in the resistance of rice to the phloem-feeding herbivore, brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), under normal and low temperatures. We found that OsDREB1A localized to the nucleus, and its transcripts in rice were up-regulated in response to BPH infestation, low temperatures and treatment with methyl jasmonate or salicylic acid. Silencing OsDREB1A changed transcript levels of two defence-related WRKY and two PLD genes, enhanced levels of jasmonic acid (JA), JA-isoleucine and abscisic acid, and decreased the ethylene level in rice; these changes subsequently enhanced the resistance of plants to BPH, especially at 17°C, by decreasing the hatching rate and delaying the development of BPH eggs. Moreover, silencing OsDREB1A increased the growth of rice plants. These findings suggest that OsDREB1A, which positively regulates the resistance of rice to abiotic stresses, negatively regulates the resistance of rice to BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuebai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiancai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Li X, Xu B, Xu J, Li Z, Jiang C, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Deng M, Lv J, Zhao K. Tomato-Thaumatin-like Protein Genes Solyc08g080660 and Solyc08g080670 Confer Resistance to Five Soil-Borne Diseases by Enhancing β-1,3-Glucanase Activity. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1622. [PMID: 37628673 PMCID: PMC10454901 DOI: 10.3390/genes14081622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) are involved in resistance to a variety of fungal diseases, whether the TLP5 and TLP6 genes in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) confer resistance to the pathogenesis of soil-borne diseases has not been demonstrated. In this study, five soil-borne diseases (fungal pathogens: Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Verticillium dahliae; bacterial pathogens: Clavibacter michiganense subsp. michiganense and Ralstonia solanacearum) were used to infect susceptible "No. 5" and disease-resistant "S-55" tomato cultivars. We found that SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher in susceptible cultivars treated with the three fungal pathogens than in those treated with the two bacterial pathogens and that transcript levels varied depending on the pathogen. Moreover, the SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were much higher in disease-resistant cultivars than in disease-susceptible cultivars, and the SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher in cultivars treated with the same fungal pathogen than in those treated with bacterial pathogens. SlTLP6 transcript levels were higher than SlTLP5. SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 overexpression and gene-edited transgenic mutants were generated in both susceptible and resistant cultivars. Overexpression and knockout increased and decreased resistance to the five diseases, respectively. Transgenic plants overexpressing SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 inhibited the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) after inoculation with fungal pathogens, and the activities of POD, SOD, and APX were similar to those of fungi after infection with bacterial pathogens. The activities of CAT were increased, and the activity of β-1,3-glucanase was increased in both the fungal and bacterial treatments. Overexpressed plants were more resistant than the control plants. After SlTLP5 and SlTLP6 knockout plants were inoculated, POD, SOD, and APX had no significant changes, but CAT activity increased and decreased significantly after the fungal and bacterial treatments, contrary to overexpression. The activity of β-1,3-glucanase decreased in the treatment of the five pathogens, and the knocked-out plants were more susceptible to disease than the control. In summary, this study contributes to the further understanding of TLP disease resistance mechanisms in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (Z.Y.); (M.D.); (J.L.)
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11
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Li X, Ma Z, Song Y, Shen W, Yue Q, Khan A, Tahir MM, Wang X, Malnoy M, Ma F, Bus V, Zhou S, Guan Q. Insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying responses of apple trees to abiotic stresses. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad144. [PMID: 37575656 PMCID: PMC10421731 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Apple (Malus[Formula: see text]domestica) is a popular temperate fruit crop worldwide. However, its growth, productivity, and quality are often adversely affected by abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperature, and high salinity. Due to the long juvenile phase and highly heterozygous genome, the conventional breeding approaches for stress-tolerant cultivars are time-consuming and resource-intensive. These issues may be resolved by feasible molecular breeding techniques for apples, such as gene editing and marker-assisted selection. Therefore, it is necessary to acquire a more comprehensive comprehension of the molecular mechanisms underpinning apples' response to abiotic stress. In this review, we summarize the latest research progress in the molecular response of apples to abiotic stressors, including the gene expression regulation, protein modifications, and epigenetic modifications. We also provide updates on new approaches for improving apple abiotic stress tolerance, while discussing current challenges and future perspectives for apple molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ziqing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenyun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qianyu Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Abid Khan
- Department of Horticulture, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mobeen Tahir
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Collaborative Innovation Center for Fruit and Vegetable Production with High Quality and Efficiency, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai-An, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige 38098, Italy
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Vincent Bus
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Havelock North 4157, New Zealand
| | - Shuangxi Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Qingmei Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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12
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Su J, Song S, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Dong T, Ge X, Duan H. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of DREB family genes in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 36997878 PMCID: PMC10061749 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors are widely present in plants, and involve in signalling transduction, plant growth and development, and stress response. DREB genes have been characterized in multiple species. However, only a few DREB genes have been studied in cotton, one of the most important fibre crops. Herein, the genome‑wide identification, phylogeny, and expression analysis of DREB family genes are performed in diploid and tetraploid cotton species. RESULTS In total, 193, 183, 80, and 79 putative genes containing the AP2 domain were identified using bioinformatics approaches in G. barbadense, G. hirsutum, G. arboretum, and G. raimondii, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that based on the categorization of Arabidopsis DREB genes, 535 DREB genes were divided into six subgroups (A1-A6) by using MEGA 7.0. The identified DREB genes were distributed unevenly across 13/26 chromosomes of A and/or D genomes. Synteny and collinearity analysis confirmed that during the evolution, the whole genome duplications, segmental duplications, and/or tandem duplications occurred in cotton DREB genes, and then DREB gene family was further expanded. Further, the evolutionary trees with conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, and gene structure of cotton DREB gene family were predicted, and these results suggested that DREB genes might be involved in the hormone and abiotic stresses responses. The subcellular localization showed that in four cotton species, DREB proteins were predominantly located in the nucleus. Further, the analysis of DREB gene expression was carried out by real-time quantitative PCR, confirming that the identified DREB genes of cotton were involved in response to early salinity and osmotic stress. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results presented a comprehensive and systematic understanding in the evolution of cotton DREB genes, and demonstrated the potential roles of DREB family genes in stress and hormone response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuchang Su
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shanglin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yunpeng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
| | - Hongying Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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13
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Zha Q, Yin X, Xi X, Jiang A. Heterologous VvDREB2c Expression Improves Heat Tolerance in Arabidopsis by Inducing Photoprotective Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065989. [PMID: 36983065 PMCID: PMC10053783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Extreme temperatures limit grape production and sustainability. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors affect plant responses to temperature related stresses. Therefore, we investigated the role of VvDREB2c, a DREB-coding gene, found in grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Protein characterization revealed that VvDREB2c is localized to the nucleus and that its AP2/ERF domain contains three β-sheets and one α-helix sheet. Analysis of the VvDREB2c promoter region revealed the presence of light-, hormone-, and stress-related cis-acting elements. Furthermore, we observed that the heterologous expression of VvDREB2c in Arabidopsis improved growth, drought tolerance, and heat tolerance. Furthermore, it improved the leaf quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation [Y(NPQ)], elevated the activities of RuBisCO, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase and reduced the quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation [Y(NO)] in plants exposed to high temperatures. VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines also specifically upregulated several photosynthesis-related genes (CSD2, HSP21, and MYB102). In addition, VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines reduced light damage and enhanced photoprotective ability by dissipating excess light energy and converting it into heat, which eventually improves tolerance to high temperature. The contents of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway were affected by heat stress in VvDREB2c-overexpressing lines, which indicated that VvDREB2c positively regulates heat tolerance via a hormonal pathway in Arabidopsis. VvDREB2c promotes heat tolerance in Arabidopsis by exerting effects on photosynthesis, hormones, and growth conditions. This study may provide useful insights into the enrichment of the heat-tolerance pathways in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zha
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiangjing Yin
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Xiaojun Xi
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
- Shanghai Key Labs of the Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
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14
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Kapazoglou A, Gerakari M, Lazaridi E, Kleftogianni K, Sarri E, Tani E, Bebeli PJ. Crop Wild Relatives: A Valuable Source of Tolerance to Various Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020328. [PMID: 36679041 PMCID: PMC9861506 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change is one of the major constraints limiting plant growth, production, and sustainability worldwide. Moreover, breeding efforts in the past years have focused on improving certain favorable crop traits, leading to genetic bottlenecks. The use of crop wild relatives (CWRs) to expand genetic diversity and improve crop adaptability seems to be a promising and sustainable approach for crop improvement in the context of the ongoing climate challenges. In this review, we present the progress that has been achieved towards CWRs exploitation for enhanced resilience against major abiotic stressors (e.g., water deficiency, increased salinity, and extreme temperatures) in crops of high nutritional and economic value, such as tomato, legumes, and several woody perennial crops. The advances in -omics technologies have facilitated the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that may underlie abiotic stress tolerance. Comparative analyses of whole genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptomic profiling (RNA-seq) data between crops and their wild relative counterparts have unraveled important information with respect to the molecular basis of tolerance to abiotic stressors. These studies have uncovered genomic regions, specific stress-responsive genes, gene networks, and biochemical pathways associated with resilience to adverse conditions, such as heat, cold, drought, and salinity, and provide useful tools for the development of molecular markers to be used in breeding programs. CWRs constitute a highly valuable resource of genetic diversity, and by exploiting the full potential of this extended allele pool, new traits conferring abiotic-stress tolerance may be introgressed into cultivated varieties leading to superior and resilient genotypes. Future breeding programs may greatly benefit from CWRs utilization for overcoming crop production challenges arising from extreme environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliki Kapazoglou
- Institute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Crops and Viticulture (IOSV), Department of Vitis, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Dimitra (ELGO-Dimitra), Sofokli Venizelou 1, Lykovrysi, 14123 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gerakari
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathia Lazaridi
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kleftogianni
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Efi Sarri
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Tani
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Penelope J. Bebeli
- Laboratory of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
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15
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Li X, Yang R, Liang Y, Gao B, Li S, Bai W, Oliver MJ, Zhang D. The ScAPD1-like gene from the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis enhances resistance to Verticillium dahliae via phenylpropanoid gene regulation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:75-91. [PMID: 36416176 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soloist is a member of a distinct and small subfamily within the AP2/ERF transcriptional factor family that play important roles in plant biotic and abiotic stress responses. There are limited studies of Soloist genes and their functions are poorly understood. We characterized the abiotic and biotic stress tolerance function of the ScSoloist gene (designated as ScAPD1-like) from the desert moss Syntrichia caninervis. ScAPD1-like responded to multiple abiotic, biotic stresses and plant hormone treatments. ScAPD1-like protein located to the nucleus and bound to several DNA elements. Overexpression of ScAPD1-like in Arabidopsis did not alter abiotic stress resistance or inhibit Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 infection. However, overexpression of ScAPD1-like significantly increased the resistance of transgenic Arabidopsis and S. caninervis to Verticillium dahliae infection, decreased reactive oxygen species accumulation and improved reactive oxygen species scavenging activity. ScAPD1-like overexpression plants altered the abundance of transcripts for lignin synthesis and promoted lignin accumulation in Arabidopsis. ScAPD1-like directly bind to RAV1, AC elements, and TATA-box in the promoters of AtPAL1 and AtC4H genes, respectively, in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays demonstrated ScAPD1-like directly bound to PAL and C4H genes promoters in Arabidopsis and their homologs in S. caninervis. In S. caninervis, ScAPD1-like overexpression and RNAi directly regulated the abundance of ScPAL and ScC4H transcripts and modified the metabolites of phenylpropanoid pathway. We provide insight into the function of Soloist in plant defense mechanisms that likely occurs through activation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. ScAPD1-like is a promising candidate gene for breeding strategies to improve resistance to Verticillium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ruirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Bei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Shimin Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenwan Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Melvin J Oliver
- Division of Plant Sciences and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, 65211, USA
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
- Xinjiang Key Lab of Conservation and Utilization of Plant Gene Resources, Urumqi, 830011, China
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16
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Wu Y, Li X, Zhang J, Zhao H, Tan S, Xu W, Pan J, Yang F, Pi E. ERF subfamily transcription factors and their function in plant responses to abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1042084. [PMID: 36531407 PMCID: PMC9748296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1042084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene Responsive Factor (ERF) subfamily comprise the largest number of proteins in the plant AP2/ERF superfamily, and have been most extensively studied on the biological functions. Members of this subfamily have been proven to regulate plant resistances to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, chilling and some other adversities. Under these stresses, ERFs are usually activated by mitogen-activated protein kinase induced phosphorylation or escape from ubiquitin-ligase enzymes, and then form complex with nucleic proteins before binding to cis-element in promoter regions of stress responsive genes. In this review, we will discuss the phylogenetic relationships among the ERF subfamily proteins, summarize molecular mechanism how the transcriptional activity of ERFs been regulated and how ERFs of different subgroup regulate the transcription of stress responsive genes, such as high-affinity K+ transporter gene PalHKT1;2, reactive oxygen species related genes LcLTP, LcPrx, and LcRP, flavonoids synthesis related genes FtF3H and LhMYBSPLATTER, etc. Though increasing researches demonstrate that ERFs are involved in various abiotic stresses, very few interact proteins and target genes of them have been comprehensively annotated. Hence, future research prospects are described on the mechanisms of how stress signals been transited to ERFs and how ERFs regulate the transcriptional expression of stress responsive genes.
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Lv J, Deng M, Jiang S, Zhu H, Li Z, Wang Z, Li J, Yang Z, Yue Y, Xu J, Zhao K. Mapping and functional characterization of the tomato spotted wilt virus resistance gene SlCHS3 in Solanum lycopersicum. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:55. [PMID: 37313421 PMCID: PMC10248591 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) poses a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. In this study, tomato inbred line YNAU335 was developed without the Sw-5 locus, which confers resistance or immunity to TSWV (absence of infection). Genetic analysis demonstrated that immunity to TSWV was controlled by a dominant nuclear gene. The candidate genes were mapped into a 20-kb region in the terminal of the long arm of chromosome 9 using bulk segregant analysis and linkage analysis. In this candidate region, a chalcone synthase-encoding gene (SlCHS3) was identified as a strong candidate gene for TSWV resistance. Silencing SlCHS3 reduced flavonoid synthesis, and SlCHS3 overexpression increased flavonoid content. The increase in flavonoids improved TSWV resistance in tomato. These findings indicate that SlCHS3 is indeed involved in the regulation of flavonoid synthesis and plays a significant role in TSWV resistance of YNAU335. This could provide new insights and lay the foundation for analyzing TSWV resistance mechanisms. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Minghua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Shurui Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Haishan Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zuosen Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ziran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yanling Yue
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Junqiang Xu
- Dian-Tai Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Agriculture Industrialization of Yunnan Province, YunnanAgricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
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18
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Meena RP, Ghosh G, Vishwakarma H, Padaria JC. Expression of a Pennisetum glaucum gene DREB2A confers enhanced heat, drought and salinity tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7347-7358. [PMID: 35666421 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07527-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is an essential cereal crop, whose growth and yield are not impacted by abiotic stresses, such as drought, heat, and cold. The DREB transcription factors (TF) are some of the largest groups of TFs in plants and play varied roles in plant stress response and signal transduction. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, PgDREB2A gene encoding a DREB transcription factor in pearl millet was functionally characterized in Arabidopsis. DREB2A proteins contain a conserved domain that binds toethylene responsive element binding factors. Three different T1 transgenic lines overexpressing PgDREB2A gene were identified by Southern blot. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction exhibited that PgDREB2A could be induced under drought conditions. As compared with the control, PgDREB2A overexpressing transgenic Arabidopsis showed increased rate of seed germination and root growth in transgenic lines under higher concentrations of mannitol, NaCl, ABA, heat and cold stress. Additionally, PgDREB2A transgenic lines showed enhanced durability after rehydration and tolerance to drought and salt stress was augmented with increased proline and reduced MDA build-up and diminishing water loss. CONCLUSIONS Results from this study suggested that PgDREB2A as a transcription factor may improve endurance to various abiotic stresses and can be employed for developing crops tolerant to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra Prasad Meena
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India.,PG School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Gourab Ghosh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Jasdeep Chatrath Padaria
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India. .,PG School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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19
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Overexpression of SgDREB2C from Stylosanthes guianensis Leads to Increased Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073520. [PMID: 35408881 PMCID: PMC8998575 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Stylosanthes guianensis is an excellent forage legume in subtropical and tropical regions with drought tolerance, but little is known about its drought tolerance mechanism. Dehydration responsive element binding proteins (DREBs) are responsive to abiotic stresses. A SgDREB2C was cloned from S. guianensis, while SgDREB2C protein was localized at nucleus. SgDREB2C transcript was induced by dehydration treatment. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing SgDREB2C showed enhanced osmotic and drought tolerance with higher levels of relative germination rate, seedlings survival rate and Fv/Fm and lower levels of ion leakage compared with WT after osmotic and drought stress treatments. In addition, higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and stress responsive gene (COR15A, COR47) transcripts were observed in transgenic Arabidopsis than in WT under drought stress. These results suggest that SgDREB2C regulated drought tolerance, which was associated with increased SOD and APX activities and stress-responsive gene expression under drought stress.
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20
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Ding H, Qian Y, Fang Y, Ji Y, Sheng J, Ge C. Characteristics of SlCML39, a Tomato Calmodulin-like Gene, and Its Negative Role in High Temperature Tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana during Germination and Seedling Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111479. [PMID: 34768907 PMCID: PMC8584099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins are primary calcium sensors and function in plant growth and response to stress stimuli. However, so far, the function of plant CML proteins, including tomato, is still unclear. Previously, it was found that a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) CML, here named SlCML39, was significantly induced by high temperature (HT) at transcription level, but its biological function is scarce. In this study, the characteristics of SlCML39 and its role in HT tolerance were studied. SlCML39 encodes a protein of 201 amino acids containing four EF hand motifs. Many cis-acting elements related to plant stress and hormone response appear in the promoter regions of SlCML39. SlCML39 is mainly expressed in the root, stem, and leaf and can be regulated by HT, cold, drought, and salt stresses as well as ABA and H2O2. Furthermore, heterologous overexpression of SlCML39 reduces HT tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana at the germination and seedling growth stages. To better understand the molecular mechanism of SlCML39, the downstream gene network regulated by SlCML39 under HT was analyzed by RNA-Seq. Interestingly, we found that many genes involved in stress responses as well as ABA signal pathway are down-regulated in the transgenic seedlings under HT stress, such as KIN1, RD29B, RD26, and MAP3K18. Collectively, these data indicate that SlCML39 acts as an important negative regulator in response to HT stress, which might be mediated by the ABA signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Ding
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (C.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-514-8797-9204
| | - Ying Qian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Yifang Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Yurong Ji
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiarong Sheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Cailin Ge
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Q.); (Y.F.); (Y.J.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: (H.D.); (C.G.); Tel./Fax: +86-514-8797-9204
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21
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Zhu H, Deng M, Yang Z, Mao L, Jiang S, Yue Y, Zhao K. Two Tomato (S olanum lycopersicum) Thaumatin-Like Protein Genes Confer Enhanced Resistance to Late Blight ( Phytophthora infestans). PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1790-1799. [PMID: 33616418 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-06-20-0237-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans) poses a serious threat to tomato production but the number of late blight resistance genes isolated from tomato is limited, making resistance gene mining a high research priority. In this study, highly resistant CLN2037E and susceptible No. 5 tomato inbred lines were used to identify late blight resistance genes. Using transcriptome sequencing, we discovered 36 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 21 nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat and 15 pathogenesis-related (PR) disease resistance genes. Cluster analysis and real-time quantitative PCR showed that these 36 genes possessed similar expression patterns in different inbred lines after inoculation with P. infestans. Moreover, two PR genes with unique responses were chosen to verify their functions when exposed to P. infestans: Solyc08g080660 and Solyc08g080670, both of which were thaumatin-like protein genes and were clustered in the tomato genome. Functions of these two genes were identified by gene overexpression and gene editing technology. Overexpression and knockout of single Solyc08g080660 and Solyc08g080670 corresponded to an increase and decrease in resistance to late blight, respectively, and Solyc08g080660 led to a greater change in disease resistance compared with Solyc08g080670. Cotransformation of dual genes resulted in a much greater effect than any single gene. This study provides novel candidate resistance genes for tomato breeding against late blight and insights into the interaction mechanisms between tomato and P. infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Minghua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Lianzhen Mao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shurui Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yanling Yue
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Singh S, Chopperla R, Shingote P, Chhapekar SS, Deshmukh R, Khan S, Padaria JC, Sharma TR, Solanke AU. Overexpression of EcDREB2A transcription factor from finger millet in tobacco enhances tolerance to heat stress through ROS scavenging. J Biotechnol 2021; 336:10-24. [PMID: 34116128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
An extreme temperature regime beyond desired level imposes significant stress in crop plants. The low and high temperature stresses are one of the primary constraints for plant development and yield. Finger millet, being a climate resilient crop, is a potential source of novel stress tolerant genes. In this study, functional characterization of finger millet DREB2A gene in different abiotic stress conditions was done. This novel EcDREB2A transcription factor isolated from finger millet is a truncated version of DREB2A gene compared to previously reported DREB genes from other plant species. The overexpression of EcDREB2A in transgenic tobacco exhibits improved tolerance against heat stress 42 °C for up to 7 days, by altering physiology and biochemical means. However, same transgenic lines were unable to provide tolerance to 200 mM NaCl and 200 mM Mannitol stress. Under heat stress conditions, increased seed germination with improved lateral roots, fresh and dry weight relative to wild type (WT) was observed. The EcDREB2A transgenics exposed to heat stress showed improved rate of stomatal conductance, chlorophyll and carotenoids contents, and other photosynthesis parameters compared to WT plants. EcDREB2A overexpression also resulted in increased antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT, GR, POD and, APX) with decreased electrolyte leakage (EL), H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content than WT plants under heat stress. Quantitative real time expression analysis demonstrated that all eight downstream genes were significantly upregulated in transgenic plants only after heat stress. Our data provide a clear demonstration of the positive impact of overexpression of EcDREB2A providing heat stress tolerance to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Prashant Shingote
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140308, India
| | - Suphiya Khan
- Banasthali University, Banasthali, 304022, India
| | - Jasdeep C Padaria
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India; Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, 110001, India
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23
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Physiological and Molecular Responses of Six Apple Rootstocks to Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158263. [PMID: 34361028 PMCID: PMC8348187 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The growth and productivity of several apple rootstocks have been evaluated in various previous studies. However, limited information is available on their tolerance to osmotic stress. In the present study, the physiological and molecular responses as well as abscisic acid (ABA) levels were assessed in six apple rootstocks (M26, V3, G41, G935, B9 and B118) osmotically stressed with polyethylene glycol (PEG, 30%) application under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed that V3, G41, G935 and B9 had higher relative water content (RWC), and lower electrolyte leakage (EL) under stress conditions compared to M26 and B118. Additionally, water use efficiency (WUE) was higher in V3, G41 and B9 than M26, which might be partially due to the lower transpiration rate in these tolerant rootstocks. V3, G41 and B9 rootstocks also displayed high endogenous ABA levels which was combined with a reduction in stomatal conductance and decreased water loss. At the transcriptional level, genes involved in ABA-dependent and ABA-independent pathways, e.g., SnRK, DREB, ERD and MYC2, showed higher expression in V3, G41, G935 and B9 rootstocks compared to M26 in response to stress. In contrast, WRKY29 was down-regulated in response to stress in the tolerant rootstocks, and its expression was negatively correlated with ABA content and stomatal closure. Overall, the findings of this study showed that B9, V3 and G41 displayed better osmotic stress tolerance followed by G935 then M26 and B118 rootstocks.
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24
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Mushtaq N, Munir F, Gul A, Amir R, Zafar Paracha R. Genome-wide analysis, identification, evolution and genomic organization of dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) gene family in Solanum tuberosum. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11647. [PMID: 34221730 PMCID: PMC8236231 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) gene family plays a crucial role as transcription regulators and enhances plant tolerance to abiotic stresses. Although the DREB gene family has been identified and characterized in many plants, knowledge about it in Solanum tuberosum (Potato) is limited. Results In the present study, StDREB gene family was comprehensively analyzed using bioinformatics approaches. We identified 66 StDREB genes through genome wide screening of the Potato genome based on the AP2 domain architecture and amino acid conservation analysis (Valine at position 14th). Phylogenetic analysis divided them into six distinct subgroups (A1–A6). The categorization of StDREB genes into six subgroups was further supported by gene structure and conserved motif analysis. Potato DREB genes were found to be distributed unevenly across 12 chromosomes. Gene duplication proved that StDREB genes experienced tandem and segmental duplication events which led to the expansion of the gene family. The Ka/Ks ratios of the orthologous pairs also demonstrated the StDREB genes were under strong purification selection in the course of evolution. Interspecies synteny analysis revealed 45 and 36 StDREB genes were orthologous to Arabidopsis and Solanum lycopersicum, respectively. Moreover, subcellular localization indicated that StDREB genes were predominantly located within the nucleus and the StDREB family’s major function was DNA binding according to gene ontology (GO) annotation. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive and systematic understanding of precise molecular mechanism and functional characterization of StDREB genes in abiotic stress responses and will lead to improvement in Solanum tuberosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Mushtaq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Munir
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alvina Gul
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Amir
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehan Zafar Paracha
- Research Centre for Modelling & Simulation, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yang J, Wang H, Zhao S, Liu X, Zhang X, Wu W, Li C. Overexpression Levels of LbDREB6 Differentially Affect Growth, Drought, and Disease Tolerance in Poplar. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:528550. [PMID: 33304356 PMCID: PMC7693672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.528550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The application of drought stress-regulating transcription factors (TFs) offers a credible way to improve drought tolerance in plants. However, many drought resistant TFs always showed unintended adverse effects on plant growth or other traits. Few studies have been conducted in trees to evaluate and overcome the pleiotropic effects of drought tolerance TFs. Here, we report the dose-dependent effect of the Limonium bicolor LbDREB6 gene on its overexpression in Populus ussurensis. High- and moderate-level overexpression of LbDREB6 significantly increased drought tolerance in a dose-dependent manner. However, the OE18 plants showed stunted growth under normal conditions, but they were also more sensitive to Marssonina brunnea infection than wild type (WT) and OE14 plants. While, OE14 showed normal growth, the pathogen tolerance of them was not significantly different from WT. Many stress-responsive genes were up-regulated in OE18 and OE14 compared to WT, especially for OE18 plants. Meanwhile, more pathogen tolerance related genes were down-regulated in OE18 compared to OE14 and WT plants. We achieved improved drought tolerance by adjusting the increased levels of exogenous DREB genes to avoid the occurrence of growth reduction and reduced disease tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hanzeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shicheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Weilin Wu
- Agriculture College of Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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26
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Mao L, Deng M, Jiang S, Zhu H, Yang Z, Yue Y, Zhao K. Characterization of the DREBA4-Type Transcription Factor (SlDREBA4), Which Contributes to Heat Tolerance in Tomatoes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:554520. [PMID: 33101326 PMCID: PMC7554514 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.554520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors play crucial regulatory roles in abiotic stress. The only DREB transcription factor in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), SlDREBA4 (Accession No. MN197531), which was determined to be a DREBA4 subfamily member, was isolated from cv. Microtom using high-temperature-induced digital gene expression (DGE) profiling technology. The constitutive expression of SlDREBA4 was detected in different tissues of Microtom plants. In addition to responding to high temperature, SlDREBA4 was up-regulated after exposure to abscisic acid (ABA), cold, drought and high-salt conditions. Transgenic overexpression and silencing systems revealed that SlDREBA4 could alter the resistance of transgenic Microtom plants to heat stress by altering the content of osmolytes and stress hormones, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes at the physiologic level. Moreover, SlDREBA4 regulated the downstream gene expression of many heat shock proteins (Hsp), as well as calcium-binding protein enriched in the pathways of protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum (ko04141) and plant-pathogen interaction (ko04626) at the molecular level. SlDREBA4 also induces the expression of biosynthesis genes in jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ETH), and specifically binds to the DRE elements (core sequence, A/GCCGAC) of the Hsp genes downstream from SlDREBA4. This study provides new genetic resources and rationales for tomato heat-tolerance breeding and the heat-related regulatory mechanisms of DREBs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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27
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Zhang JB, He SP, Luo JW, Wang XP, Li DD, Li XB. A histone deacetylase, GhHDT4D, is positively involved in cotton response to drought stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:67-79. [PMID: 32621165 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-020-01024-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Acetylation and deacetylation of histones are important for regulating a series of biological processes in plants. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) control the histone deacetylation that plays an important role in plant response to abiotic stress. In our study, we show the evidence that GhHDT4D (a member of the HD2 subfamily of HDACs) is involved in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) response to drought stress. Overexpression of GhHDT4D in Arabidopsis increased plant tolerance to drought, whereas silencing GhHDT4D in cotton resulted in plant sensitivity to drought. Simultaneously, the H3K9 acetylation level was altered in the GhHDT4D silenced cotton, compared with the controls. Further study revealed that GhHDT4D suppressed the transcription of GhWRKY33, which plays a negative role in cotton defense to drought, by reducing its H3K9 acetylation level. The expressions of the stress-related genes, such as GhDREB2A, GhDREB2C, GhSOS2, GhRD20-1, GhRD20-2 and GhRD29A, were significantly decreased in the GhHDT4D silenced cotton, but increased in the GhWRKY33 silenced cotton. Given these data together, our findings suggested that GhHDT4D may enhance drought tolerance by suppressing the expression of GhWRKY33, thereby activating the downstream drought response genes in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Shao-Ping He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Jing-Wen Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xin-Peng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Deng-Di Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xue-Bao Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Deng MH, Lv JH, Wang ZR, Zhu HS, Yang ZA, Yue YL, Zhao K. Two promoter regions confer heat-induced activation of SlDREBA4 in Solanum lycopersicum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:689-695. [PMID: 32033747 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) transcription factors activate the expression of downstream functional genes in combination with a dehydration-responsive element (DRE), and thereby improve the resistance of plants to abiotic stresses such as heat. However, the upstream regulatory mechanism of DREB genes under heat is unclear. A DREBA4 subfamily transcription factor (SlDREBA4), which is heat-responsive and improves heat resistance, was isolated from Solanum lycopersicum 'Microtom'. In this study, promoter truncation experiments were performed to verify changes in β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzyme activity and GUS gene expression levels in transgenic plants with different lengths of promoter fragments under heat and to identify specific regions in the promoter that respond to heat. Our results showed that the GUS reporter gene was constitutively expressed in tissues of the full-length promoter transgenic 'Microtom' plants, with higher expression in conducting tissues of root, stem, and leaf, as well as sepals of flowers and fruits. Under heat treatment, GUS enzyme activity and GUS gene expression levels in tissues of the full-length promoter transgenic plants increased. Promoter deletion analysis identified two positive regulatory regions (-1095 to -730 bp and -162 to -38 bp) responsible for the promoter's response to heat. These results indicated that the heat shock element (HSE) and MYC recognition sequences may cooperate in heat-induced activation of SlDREBA4 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Jun Heng Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Zi Ran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Hai Shan Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Zheng An Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Yan Ling Yue
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650224, PR China.
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Gupta A, Sinha R, Fernandes JL, Abdelrahman M, Burritt DJ, Tran LSP. Phytohormones regulate convergent and divergent responses between individual and combined drought and pathogen infection. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:320-340. [DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2019.1710459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Gupta
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Joel Lars Fernandes
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | | | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Plant Stress Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Yin Y, Jiang X, Ren M, Xue M, Nan D, Wang Z, Xing Y, Wang M. AmDREB2C, from Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, enhances abiotic stress tolerance and regulates fatty acid composition in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 130:517-528. [PMID: 30096686 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors (TFs) play a vital role in plant response to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about DREB TFs in plants adapted to harsh environments and in the formation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), a major membrane component closely associated with plant stress tolerance. Here, we characterized AmDREB2C in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Maxim. ex kom.) Cheng F., a desert evergreen broadleaf shrub with a high tolerance to harsh environments. AmDREB2C encodes a canonical DREB2-type TF, and the protein was localized in the nucleus. AmDREB2C had the highest expression levels in leaves of naturally growing shrubs in the wild during the winter season of a year of sampling. The expression was also induced by cold, heat and drought stresses in laboratory-cultured seedlings. Moreover, AmDREB2C was most abundantly expressed in young leaves and immature seeds rather than other tissues of the shrubs. Constitutive expression of AmDREB2C in Arabidopsis enhanced freezing, heat and drought tolerances of the transgenic plants, likely through inducing the expression of important stress-responsive genes. The transgene also increased the level of linolenic acid (C18:3), a major PUFA in most plant species, in leaves and seeds of the transgenic plants. Correspondingly, the transcription of FAD3, FAD7 and FAD8, three genes encoding fatty acid desaturases (FADs) responsible for the production of C18:3, showed a differential up-regulation in these two organs. This study provides new insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of A. mongolicus' ability to endure harsh environments and DREB TF regulation of fatty acid desaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Xiaoxu Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Meiyan Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Min Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Dina Nan
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yanping Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Maoyan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306 Zhaowuda Street, Hohhot, 010018, China.
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Kuang JF, Chen JY, Liu XC, Han YC, Xiao YY, Shan W, Tang Y, Wu KQ, He JX, Lu WJ. The transcriptional regulatory network mediated by banana (Musa acuminata) dehydration-responsive element binding (MaDREB) transcription factors in fruit ripening. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 214:762-781. [PMID: 28044313 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fruit ripening is a complex, genetically programmed process involving the action of critical transcription factors (TFs). Despite the established significance of dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) TFs in plant abiotic stress responses, the involvement of DREBs in fruit ripening is yet to be determined. Here, we identified four genes encoding ripening-regulated DREB TFs in banana (Musa acuminata), MaDREB1, MaDREB2, MaDREB3, and MaDREB4, and demonstrated that they play regulatory roles in fruit ripening. We showed that MaDREB1-MaDREB4 are nucleus-localized, induced by ethylene and encompass transcriptional activation activities. We performed a genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-Seq) experiment for MaDREB2 and identified 697 genomic regions as potential targets of MaDREB2. MaDREB2 binds to hundreds of loci with diverse functions and its binding sites are distributed in the promoter regions proximal to the transcriptional start site (TSS). Most of the MaDREB2-binding targets contain the conserved (A/G)CC(G/C)AC motif and MaDREB2 appears to directly regulate the expression of a number of genes involved in fruit ripening. In combination with transcriptome profiling (RNA sequencing) data, our results indicate that MaDREB2 may serve as both transcriptional activator and repressor during banana fruit ripening. In conclusion, our study suggests a hierarchical regulatory model of fruit ripening in banana and that the MaDREB TFs may act as transcriptional regulators in the regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jian-Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xun-Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Yan-Chao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yun-Yi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wei Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yang Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ke-Qiang Wu
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jun-Xian He
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wang-Jin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Postharvest Science of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Horticultural Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
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Yang G, Yu L, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Guo Y, Gao C. A ThDREB gene from Tamarix hispida improved the salt and drought tolerance of transgenic tobacco and T. hispida. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 113:187-197. [PMID: 28222350 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors are important abiotic stress tolerance related genes, and some reports on the roles of DREB have primarily addressed herbal plants. To explore the abiotic stress tolerance role of DREB (ThDREB) from Tamarix hispida, a ThDREB gene with a complete ORF of 783 bp that encodes a 28.74 kDa protein with 260 amino acids, was isolated and functionally annotated. ThDREB expression was highly induced by NaCl, PEG, NaHCO3 and CdCl2 treatments, and the highest expression level (369.2-fold of control) was found for the roots that were under NaCl stress for 6 h. The tobacco plants that were transformed by ThDREB were conferred with higher germination rates, fresh weights and root lengths than the wild type (WT) tobacco plants under NaCl and mannitol treatments. The total chlorophyll content (tcc), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities were also higher in the transgenic lines in comparison with the WT, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 content, electrolyte leakage (EL) rate and ROS as tracked by staining were generated to a lesser degree in ThDREB transgenic plants than in the WT under NaCl and mannitol stress. Furthermore, the transient overexpression analysis of ThDREB in T. hispida also improved plant salt and drought tolerance in comparison with the empty vector-transformed lines. Our results indicated that ThDREB expression could effectively improve tolerance to salt and drought stress by enhancing the antioxidase activity that keeps the ROS at a low accumulation level and makes them easy to scavenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyan Yang
- Laboratory of Walnut Research Center, College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Lili Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Kaimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Yulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Yucong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China
| | - Caiqiu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040 Harbin, China.
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Li X, Zhang D, Gao B, Liang Y, Yang H, Wang Y, Wood AJ. Transcriptome-Wide Identification, Classification, and Characterization of AP2/ERF Family Genes in the Desert Moss Syntrichia caninervis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:262. [PMID: 28289426 PMCID: PMC5326779 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
APETALA2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) is a large family of plant transcription factors which play important roles in the control of plant metabolism and development as well as responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The desert moss Syntrichia caninervis, due to its robust and comprehensive stress tolerance, is a promising organism for the identification of stress-related genes. Using S. caninervis transcriptome data, 80 AP2/ERF unigenes were identified by HMM modeling and BLASTP searching. Based on the number of AP2 domains, multiple sequence alignment, motif analysis, and gene tree construction, ScAP2/ERF genes were classified into three main subfamilies (including 5 AP2 gene members, 72 ERF gene members, and 1 RAV member) and two Soloist members. We found that the ratio for each subfamily was constant between S. caninervis and the model moss Physcomitrella patens, however, as compared to the angiosperm Arabidopsis, the percentage of ERF subfamily members in both moss species were greatly expanded, while the members of the AP2 and RAV subfamilies were reduced accordingly. The amino acid composition of the AP2 domain of ScAP2/ERFs was conserved as compared with Arabidopsis. Interestingly, most of the identified DREB genes in S. caninervis belonged to the A-5 group which play important roles in stress responses and are rarely reported in the literature. Expression profile analysis of ScDREB genes showed different gene expression patterns under dehydration and rehydration; the majority of ScDREB genes demonstrated a stronger response to dehydration relative to rehydration indicating that ScDREB may play an important role in dehydrated moss tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detail the identification and characterization of the AP2/ERF gene family in a desert moss. Further, this study will lay the foundation for further functional analysis of these genes, provide greater insight to the stress tolerance mechanisms in S. caninervis and provide a reference for AP2/ERF gene family classification in other moss species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi, China
| | - Daoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi, China
| | - Bei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Honglan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi, China
| | - Andrew J. Wood
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, CarbondaleIL, USA
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Liao X, Guo X, Wang Q, Wang Y, Zhao D, Yao L, Wang S, Liu G, Li T. Overexpression of MsDREB6.2 results in cytokinin-deficient developmental phenotypes and enhances drought tolerance in transgenic apple plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:510-526. [PMID: 27754576 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element binding factors (DREBs) play important roles in plant growth, development, and stress signaling pathways in model plants. However, little is known about the function of DREBs in apple (Malus × domestica), a widely cultivated crop that is frequently threatened by drought. We isolated a DREB gene from Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) Roem., MsDREB6.2, and investigated its functions using overexpression analysis and chimeric repressor gene-silencing technology (CRES-T). We identified possible target genes of the protein encoded by MsDREB6.2 using electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). Overexpression of MsDREB6.2 increased the expression of a key cytokinin (CK) catabolism gene, MdCKX4a, which led to a significant reduction in endogenous CK levels, and caused a decrease in shoot:root ratio in transgenic apple plants. Overexpression of MsDREB6.2 resulted in a decrease in stomatal aperture and density and an increase in root hydraulic conductance (L0 ), and thereby enhanced drought tolerance in transgenic plants. Furthermore, manipulating the level of MsDREB6.2 expression altered the expression of two aquaporin (AQP) genes. The effect of the two AQP genes on L0 was further characterized using the AQP inhibitor HgCl2 . Based on these observations, we conclude that MsDREB6.2 enhances drought tolerance and that its function may be due, at least in part, to its influence on stomatal opening, root growth, and AQP expression. These results may have applications in apple rootstock breeding programs aimed at developing drought-resistant apple varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liao
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yantao Wang
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liping Yao
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guojie Liu
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tianhong Li
- Department of Pomology, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, 102206, China
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Liu Y, Ji X, Nie X, Qu M, Zheng L, Tan Z, Zhao H, Huo L, Liu S, Zhang B, Wang Y. Arabidopsis AtbHLH112 regulates the expression of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance by binding to their E-box and GCG-box motifs. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 207:692-709. [PMID: 25827016 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play essential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. However, most bHLHs have not been functionally characterized. Here, we characterized the functional role of a bHLH transcription factor from Arabidopsis, AtbHLH112, in response to abiotic stress. AtbHLH112 is a nuclear-localized protein, and its nuclear localization is induced by salt, drought and abscisic acid (ABA). In addition, AtbHLH112 serves as a transcriptional activator, with the activation domain located at its N-terminus. In addition to binding to the E-box motifs of stress-responsive genes, AtbHLH112 binds to a novel motif with the sequence 'GG[GT]CC[GT][GA][TA]C' (GCG-box). Gain- and loss-of-function analyses showed that the transcript level of AtbHLH112 is positively correlated with salt and drought tolerance. AtbHLH112 mediates stress tolerance by increasing the expression of P5CS genes and reducing the expression of P5CDH and ProDH genes to increase proline levels. AtbHLH112 also increases the expression of POD and SOD genes to improve reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging ability. We present a model suggesting that AtbHLH112 is a transcriptional activator that regulates the expression of genes via binding to their GCG- or E-boxes to mediate physiological responses, including proline biosynthesis and ROS scavenging pathways, to enhance stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 1 Xuehai Street, 150028, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xianguang Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Min Qu
- Key Laboratory of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, 1 Xuehai Street, 150028, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Zilong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Lin Huo
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 830011, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
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Wang ST, Sun XL, Hoshino Y, Yu Y, Jia B, Sun ZW, Sun MZ, Duan XB, Zhu YM. MicroRNA319 positively regulates cold tolerance by targeting OsPCF6 and OsTCP21 in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLoS One 2014; 9:e91357. [PMID: 24667308 PMCID: PMC3965387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The microRNA319 (miR319) family is conserved among diverse plant species. In rice (Oryza sativa L.), the miR319 gene family is comprised of two members, Osa-miR319a and Osa-miR319b. We found that overexpressing Osa-miR319b in rice resulted in wider leaf blades and delayed development. Here, we focused on the biological function and potential molecular mechanism of the Osa-miR319b gene in response to cold stress in rice. The expression of Osa-miR319b was down-regulated by cold stress, and the overexpression of Osa-miR319b led to an enhanced tolerance to cold stress, as evidenced by higher survival rates and proline content. Also, the expression of a handful of cold stress responsive genes, such as DREB1A/B/C, DREB2A, TPP1/2, was increased in Osa-miR319b transgenic lines. Furthermore, we demonstrated the nuclear localization of the transcription factors, OsPCF6 and OsTCP21, which may be Osa-miR319b-targeted genes. We also showed that OsPCF6 and OsTCP21 expression was largely induced by cold stress, and the degree of induction was obviously repressed in plants overexpressing Osa-miR319b. As expected, the down-regulation of OsPCF6 and OsTCP21 resulted in enhanced tolerance to cold stress, partially by modifying active oxygen scavenging. Taken together, our findings suggest that Osa-miR319b plays an important role in plant response to cold stress, maybe by targeting OsPCF6 and OsTCP21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yoichiro Hoshino
- Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Bei Jia
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-wen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Ming-zhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-bo Duan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Yan-ming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Sun X, Luo X, Sun M, Chen C, Ding X, Wang X, Yang S, Yu Q, Jia B, Ji W, Cai H, Zhu Y. A Glycine soja 14-3-3 protein GsGF14o participates in stomatal and root hair development and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:99-118. [PMID: 24272249 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pct161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well established that 14-3-3 proteins are key regulators of multiple stress signal transduction cascades. However, the biological functions of soybean 14-3-3 proteins, especially in plant drought response, are not yet known. In this study, we characterized a Glycine soja 14-3-3 gene, GsGF14o, which is involved in plant development and drought response. GsGF14o expression was greatly induced by drought stress, as evidenced by the quantitative real-time PCR and β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity analysis. GsGF14o overexpression in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in decreased drought tolerance during seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, silencing of AtGF14µ, the most homologous 14-3-3 gene of GsGF14o, led to enhanced drought tolerance at both the seed germination and seedling stage. Unexpectedly, GsGF14o transgenic lines showed reduced water loss and transpiration rates compared with wild-type plants, which was demonstrated to be the consequence of the decreased stomatal size. At the same time, the smaller stomata due to GsGF14o overexpression led to a relatively slow net photosynthesis rate, which led to a growth penalty under drought stress. We further demonstrated that GsGF14o overexpression caused deficits in root hair formation and development, and thereby reduced the water intake capacity of the transgenic root system. In addition, GsGF14o overexpression down-regulated the transcript levels of drought-responsive marker genes. Finally, we also investigated the tissue-specific accumulation of GsGF14o by using a GUS activity assay. Collectively, the results presented here confirm that GsGF14o plays a dual role in drought stress responses through its involvement in the regulation of stomatal size and root hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Functional Genes, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
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