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Di T, Wu Y, Feng X, He M, Lei L, Wang J, Li N, Hao X, Whelan J, Wang X, Wang L. CIPK11 phosphorylates GSTU23 to promote cold tolerance in Camellia sinensis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39087790 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress negatively impacts the growth, development, and quality of Camellia sinensis (Cs, tea) plants. CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPK) comprise a pivotal protein family involved in plant development and response to multiple environmental stimuli. However, their roles and regulatory mechanisms in tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) remain unknown. Here we show that CsCBL-interacting protein kinase 11 (CsCIPK11), whose transcript abundance was significantly induced at low temperatures, interacts and phosphorylates tau class glutathione S-transferase 23 (CsGSTU23). CsGSTU23 was also a cold-inducible gene and has significantly higher transcript abundance in cold-resistant accessions than in cold-susceptible accessions. CsCIPK11 phosphorylated CsGSTU23 at Ser37, enhancing its stability and enzymatic activity. Overexpression of CsCIPK11 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in enhanced cold tolerance under freezing conditions, while transient knockdown of CsCIPK11 expression in tea plants had the opposite effect, resulting in decreased cold tolerance and suppression of the C-repeat-binding transcription factor (CBF) transcriptional pathway under freezing stress. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of CsGSTU23 in tea plants increased cold tolerance. These findings demonstrate that CsCIPK11 plays a central role in the signaling pathway to cold signals and modulates antioxidant capacity by phosphorylating CsGSTU23, leading to improved cold tolerance in tea plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimei Di
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yedie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingming He
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nana Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - James Whelan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology, Genetics and Breeding of Special Economic Animals and Plants, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Center for Tea Plant Improvement, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Pandey S, Divakar S, Singh A. Genome editing prospects for heat stress tolerance in cereal crops. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:108989. [PMID: 39094478 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The world population is steadily growing, exerting increasing pressure to feed in the future, which would need additional production of major crops. Challenges associated with changing and unpredicted climate (such as heat waves) are causing global food security threats. Cereal crops are a staple food for a large portion of the world's population. They are mostly affected by these environmentally generated abiotic stresses. Therefore, it is imperative to develop climate-resilient cultivars to support the sustainable production of main cereal crops (Rice, wheat, and maize). Among these stresses, heat stress causes significant losses to major cereals. These issues can be solved by comprehending the molecular mechanisms of heat stress and creating heat-tolerant varieties. Different breeding and biotechnology techniques in the last decade have been employed to develop heat-stress-tolerant varieties. However, these time-consuming techniques often lack the pace required for varietal improvement in climate change scenarios. Genome editing technologies offer precise alteration in the crop genome for developing stress-resistant cultivars. CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9), one such genome editing platform, recently got scientists' attention due to its easy procedures. It is a powerful tool for functional genomics as well as crop breeding. This review will focus on the molecular mechanism of heat stress and different targets that can be altered using CRISPR/Cas genome editing tools to generate climate-smart cereal crops. Further, heat stress signaling and essential players have been highlighted to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - S Divakar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology Biotechnology and Molecular Biotechnology, CBSH, RPCAU, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, 8481253, India
| | - Ashutosh Singh
- Centre for Advanced Studies on Climate Change, RPCAU, Pusa, Bihar, 848125, India.
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Wei Y, Zhu B, Zhang Y, Ma G, Wu J, Tang L, Shi H. CPK1-HSP90 phosphorylation and effector XopC2-HSP90 interaction underpin the antagonism during cassava defense-pathogen infection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2734-2745. [PMID: 38581188 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Cassava is one of the most important tropical crops, but it is seriously affected by cassava bacteria blight (CBB) caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas phaseoli pv manihotis (Xam). So far, how pathogen Xam infects and how host cassava defends during pathogen-host interaction remains elusive, restricting the prevention and control of CBB. Here, the illustration of HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 90 kDa (MeHSP90.9) interacting proteins in both cassava and bacterial pathogen revealed the dual roles of MeHSP90.9 in cassava-Xam interaction. On the one hand, calmodulin-domain protein kinase 1 (MeCPK1) directly interacted with MeHSP90.9 to promote its protein phosphorylation at serine 175 residue. The protein phosphorylation of MeHSP90.9 improved the transcriptional activation of MeHSP90.9 clients (SHI-RELATED SEQUENCE 1 (MeSRS1) and MeWRKY20) to the downstream target genes (avrPphB Susceptible 3 (MePBS3) and N-aceylserotonin O-methyltransferase 2 (MeASMT2)) and immune responses. On the other hand, Xanthomonas outer protein C2 (XopC2) physically associated with MeHSP90.9 to inhibit its interaction with MeCPK1 and the corresponding protein phosphorylation by MeCPK1, so as to repress host immune responses and promote bacterial pathogen infection. In summary, these results provide new insights into genetic improvement of cassava disease resistance and extend our understanding of cassava-bacterial pathogen interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxie Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Guowen Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Luzhi Tang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan Province, 572025, China
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Zhu C, Jing B, Lin T, Li X, Zhang M, Zhou Y, Yu J, Hu Z. Phosphorylation of sugar transporter TST2 by protein kinase CPK27 enhances drought tolerance in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:1005-1024. [PMID: 38431528 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental stress threatening plant growth and productivity. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are plant-specific Ca2+ sensors with multifaceted roles in signaling drought responses. Nonetheless, the mechanisms underpinning how CPKs transmit downstream drought signaling remain unresolved. Through genetic investigations, our study unveiled that knocking out CPK27 reduced drought tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants and impaired abscisic acid (ABA)-orchestrated plant response to drought stress. Proteomics and phosphoproteomics revealed that CPK27-dependent drought-induced proteins were highly associated with the sugar metabolism pathway, which was further verified by reduced soluble sugar content in the cpk27 mutant under drought conditions. Using protein-protein interaction assays and phosphorylation assessments, we demonstrated that CPK27 directly interacted with and phosphorylated tonoplast sugar transporter 2 (TST2), promoting intercellular soluble sugar accumulation during drought stress. Furthermore, Ca2+ and ABA enhanced CPK27-mediated interaction and phosphorylation of TST2, thus revealing a role of TST2 in tomato plant drought tolerance. These findings extend the toolbox of potential interventions for enhancing plant drought stress tolerance and provide a target to improve drought tolerance by manipulating CPK27-mediated soluble sugar accumulation for rendering drought tolerance in a changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Beiyu Jing
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Teng Lin
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
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Domingo G, Marsoni M, Davide E, Fortunato S, de Pinto MC, Bracale M, Molla G, Gehring C, Vannini C. The cAMP-dependent phosphorylation footprint in response to heat stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:137. [PMID: 38713285 PMCID: PMC11076351 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE cAMP modulates the phosphorylation status of highly conserved phosphosites in RNA-binding proteins crucial for mRNA metabolism and reprogramming in response to heat stress. In plants, 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (3',5'-cAMP) is a second messenger that modulates multiple cellular targets, thereby participating in plant developmental and adaptive processes. Although its role in ameliorating heat-related damage has been demonstrated, mechanisms that govern cAMP-dependent responses to heat have remained elusive. Here we analyze the role cAMP-dependent phosphorylation during prolonged heat stress (HS) with a view to gain insight into processes that govern plant responses to HS. To do so, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses in Nicotiana tabacum Bright Yellow-2 cells grown at 27 °C or 35 °C for 3 days overexpressing a molecular "sponge" that reduces free intracellular cAMP levels. Our phosphorylation data and analyses reveal that the presence of cAMP is an essential factor that governs specific protein phosphorylation events that occur during prolonged HS in BY-2 cells. Notably, cAMP modulates HS-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that functions in mRNA processing, transcriptional control, vesicular trafficking, and cell cycle regulation and this is indicative for a systemic role of the messenger. In particular, changes of cAMP levels affect the phosphorylation status of highly conserved phosphosites in 19 RNA-binding proteins that are crucial during the reprogramming of the mRNA metabolism in response to HS. Furthermore, phosphorylation site motifs and molecular docking suggest that some proteins, including kinases and phosphatases, are conceivably able to directly interact with cAMP thus further supporting a regulatory role of cAMP in plant HS responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Domingo
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy.
| | - Milena Marsoni
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Eleonora Davide
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Stefania Fortunato
- Department of Biology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Umberto I, 70121, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marcella Bracale
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Gianluca Molla
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy
| | - Chris Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, 06121, Perugia, Italy
| | - Candida Vannini
- Biotechnology and Life Science Department, University of Insubria, Via Dunant 3, 21100, Varese, Italy.
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Foyer CH, Kunert K. The ascorbate-glutathione cycle coming of age. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:2682-2699. [PMID: 38243395 PMCID: PMC11066808 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Concepts regarding the operation of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle and the associated water/water cycle in the processing of metabolically generated hydrogen peroxide and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well established in the literature. However, our knowledge of the functions of these cycles and their component enzymes continues to grow and evolve. Recent insights include participation in the intrinsic environmental and developmental signalling pathways that regulate plant growth, development, and defence. In addition to ROS processing, the enzymes of the two cycles not only support the functions of ascorbate and glutathione, they also have 'moonlighting' functions. They are subject to post-translational modifications and have an extensive interactome, particularly with other signalling proteins. In this assessment of current knowledge, we highlight the central position of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle in the network of cellular redox systems that underpin the energy-sensitive communication within the different cellular compartments and integrate plant signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Karl Kunert
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, FABI, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 2001, South Africa
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Liang Z, Xu H, Qi H, Fei Y, Cui J. Genome-wide identification and analysis of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) gene family in hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) under various abiotic stresses. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17249. [PMID: 38685943 PMCID: PMC11057428 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) plays a critical role in molecular mechanisms such as plant development and defense against abiotic stresses. As an important economic crop, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is vulnerable to adverse environmental conditions, such as drought, cold, salt, and oxidative stress, which lead to a decline in yield and quality. Although APX genes have been characterized in a variety of plants, members of the APX gene family in hemp have not been completely identified. In this study, we (1) identified eight members of the CsAPX gene family in hemp and mapped their locations on the chromosomes using bioinformatics analysis; (2) examined the physicochemical characteristics of the proteins encoded by these CsAPX gene family members; (3) investigated their intraspecific collinearity, gene structure, conserved domains, conserved motifs, and cis-acting elements; (4) constructed a phylogenetic tree and analyzed interspecific collinearity; and (5) ascertained expression differences in leaf tissue subjected to cold, drought, salt, and oxidative stresses using quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR). Under all four stresses, CsAPX6, CsAPX7, and CsAPX8 consistently exhibited significant upregulation, whereas CsAPX2 displayed notably higher expression levels under drought stress than under the other stresses. Taken together, the results of this study provide basic genomic information on the expression of the APX gene family and pave the way for studying the role of APX genes in abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiao Liang
- College of Life Sciences and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongguo Xu
- College of Life Sciences and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Resistance Genetic Engineering and Cold Biodiversity Conservation, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hongying Qi
- College of Life Sciences and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Resistance Genetic Engineering and Cold Biodiversity Conservation, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yiying Fei
- College of Life Sciences and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jiaying Cui
- College of Life Sciences and Agroforestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Bai Y, Dong Y, Zheng L, Zeng H, Wei Y, Shi H. Cassava phosphatase PP2C1 modulates thermotolerance via fine-tuning dephosphorylation of antioxidant enzymes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:2724-2738. [PMID: 38198213 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Global warming is an adverse environmental factor that threatens crop yields and food security. 2C-type protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), as core protein phosphatase components, play important roles in plant hormone signaling to cope with various environmental stresses. However, the function and underlying mechanism of PP2Cs in the heat stress response remain elusive in tropical crops. Here, we report that MePP2C1 negatively regulated thermotolerance in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), accompanied by the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and the underlying antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). Further investigation found that MePP2C1 directly interacted with and dephosphorylated MeCAT1 and MeAPX2 at serine (S) 112 and S160 residues, respectively. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo assays showed that protein phosphorylation of MeCAT1S112 and MeAPX2S160 was essential for their enzyme activities, and MePP2C1 negatively regulated thermotolerance and redox homeostasis by dephosphorylating MeCAT1S112 and MeAPX2S160. Taken together, this study illustrates the direct relationship between MePP2C1-mediated protein dephosphorylation of MeCAT1 and MeAPX2 and ROS accumulation in thermotolerance to provide insights for adapting to global warming via fine-tuning thermotolerance of the tropical crop cassava.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Bai
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
| | - Yabin Dong
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
| | - Liyan Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
| | - Hongqiu Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
| | - Yunxie Wei
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
| | - Haitao Shi
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Salt Tolerant Crops of Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan Province 572025, China
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Wang P, Liu WC, Han C, Wang S, Bai MY, Song CP. Reactive oxygen species: Multidimensional regulators of plant adaptation to abiotic stress and development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:330-367. [PMID: 38116735 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as undesirable by-products of metabolism in various cellular compartments, especially in response to unfavorable environmental conditions, throughout the life cycle of plants. Stress-induced ROS production disrupts normal cellular function and leads to oxidative damage. To cope with excessive ROS, plants are equipped with a sophisticated antioxidative defense system consisting of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that scavenge ROS or inhibit their harmful effects on biomolecules. Nonetheless, when maintained at relatively low levels, ROS act as signaling molecules that regulate plant growth, development, and adaptation to adverse conditions. Here, we provide an overview of current approaches for detecting ROS. We also discuss recent advances in understanding ROS signaling, ROS metabolism, and the roles of ROS in plant growth and responses to various abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Wen-Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Situ Wang
- Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, H3B1X8, Canada
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Xu T, Zhou H, Feng J, Guo M, Huang H, Yang P, Zhou J. Involvement of HSP70 in BAG9-mediated thermotolerance in Solanum lycopersicum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108353. [PMID: 38219426 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Because of a high sensitivity to high temperature, both the yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are severely restricted by heat stress. The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) proteins, a family of multi-functional co-chaperones, are involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. We have previously demonstrated that BAG9 positively regulates thermotolerance in tomato. However, the BAG9-mediated mechanism of thermotolerance in tomato has remained elusive. In the present study, we report that BAG9 interacts with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in vitro and in vivo. Silencing HSP70 decreased thermotolerance of tomato plants, as reflected by the phenotype, relative electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, the photosystem activities, activities of antioxidant enzymes and expression of key genes encoding antioxidant enzymes were reduced in HSP70-silenced plants under heat stress. Additionally, silencing HSP70 decreased thermotolerance of overexpressing BAG9 plants, which was related to decreased photosynthetic rate, increased damage to photosystem I and photosystem II, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and decreased expression of key genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. Taken together, the present study identified that HSP70 is involved in BAG9-mediated thermotolerance by protecting the photosystem stability and improving the efficiency of the antioxidant system in tomato. This knowledge can be helpful to breed improved crop cultivars that are better equipped with thermotolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mingyue Guo
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huamin Huang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, China; Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Wang Y, Li X, Liu M, Zhou Y, Li F. Guide RNA scaffold variants enabled easy cloning of large gRNA cluster for multiplexed gene editing. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:460-471. [PMID: 37816147 PMCID: PMC10826992 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Cas9 protein-mediated gene editing has revolutionized genetic manipulation in most organisms. There are many cases where multiplexed gene editing is needed. Cas9 is capable of multiplex gene editing when expressed with multiple guide RNAs. Conventional cloning methods for multiplexed gene editing vector is not efficient due to repeated use of a single-guide RNA scaffold and inefficient ligation. In this study, we conducted structure-guided mutagenesis and random mutagenesis on the original sgRNA scaffold and identified a large number of functional sgRNA scaffold variants. With these scaffold variants and different tRNAs, fusion polymerase chain reaction protocol was developed to rapidly synthesize spacer-scaffold-tRNA-spacer units with up to 9 targets. In conjunction with golden gate cloning, gene editing vectors with up to 24 target sites were efficiently cloned in one-step cloning. One such gene editing vector targeting 12 genes in tomato were tested in stable transformation and 10 out of the 12 genes were found mutated in a single transgenic line. To facilitate the application of multiplexed gene editing using these scaffold variants and tRNAs from different species, a webserver was created to generate primer sets and provide template sequences for the synthesis of large sgRNA expression units based on the user-supplied target sequences and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaofei Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Minglei Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yingjia Zhou
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Feng Li
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry SciencesHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
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12
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Graci S, Barone A. Tomato plant response to heat stress: a focus on candidate genes for yield-related traits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1245661. [PMID: 38259925 PMCID: PMC10800405 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1245661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and global warming represent the main threats for many agricultural crops. Tomato is one of the most extensively grown and consumed horticultural products and can survive in a wide range of climatic conditions. However, high temperatures negatively affect both vegetative growth and reproductive processes, resulting in losses of yield and fruit quality traits. Researchers have employed different parameters to evaluate the heat stress tolerance, including evaluation of leaf- (stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic rate, Fv/Fm), flower- (inflorescence number, flower number, stigma exertion), pollen-related traits (pollen germination and viability, pollen tube growth) and fruit yield per plant. Moreover, several authors have gone even further, trying to understand the plants molecular response mechanisms to this stress. The present review focused on the tomato molecular response to heat stress during the reproductive stage, since the increase of temperatures above the optimum usually occurs late in the growing tomato season. Reproductive-related traits directly affects the final yield and are regulated by several genes such as transcriptional factors, heat shock proteins, genes related to flower, flowering, pollen and fruit set, and epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodelling and non-coding RNAs. We provided a detailed list of these genes and their function under high temperature conditions in defining the final yield with the aim to summarize the recent findings and pose the attention on candidate genes that could prompt on the selection and constitution of new thermotolerant tomato plant genotypes able to face this abiotic challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amalia Barone
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
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13
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Mishra S, Sharma A, Srivastava AK. Ascorbic acid: a metabolite switch for designing stress-smart crops. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38163756 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2023.2286428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant growth and productivity are continually being challenged by a diverse array of abiotic stresses, including: water scarcity, extreme temperatures, heavy metal exposure, and soil salinity. A common theme in these stresses is the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which disrupts cellular redox homeostasis causing oxidative damage. Ascorbic acid (AsA), commonly known as vitamin C, is an essential nutrient for humans, and also plays a crucial role in the plant kingdom. AsA is synthesized by plants through the d-mannose/l-galactose pathway that functions as a powerful antioxidant and protects plant cells from ROS generated during photosynthesis. AsA controls several key physiological processes, including: photosynthesis, respiration, and carbohydrate metabolism, either by acting as a co-factor for metabolic enzymes or by regulating cellular redox-status. AsA's multi-functionality uniquely positions it to integrate and recalibrate redox-responsive transcriptional/metabolic circuits and essential biological processes, in accordance to developmental and environmental cues. In recognition of this, we present a systematic overview of current evidence highlighting AsA as a central metabolite-switch in plants. Further, a comprehensive overview of genetic manipulation of genes involved in AsA metabolism has been provided along with the bottlenecks and future research directions, that could serve as a framework for designing "stress-smart" crops in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Mishra
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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14
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Kang X, Zhao L, Liu X. Calcium Signaling and the Response to Heat Shock in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:324. [PMID: 38203495 PMCID: PMC10778685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change and the increasing frequency of high temperature (HT) events are significant threats to global crop yields. To address this, a comprehensive understanding of how plants respond to heat shock (HS) is essential. Signaling pathways involving calcium (Ca2+), a versatile second messenger in plants, encode information through temporal and spatial variations in ion concentration. Ca2+ is detected by Ca2+-sensing effectors, including channels and binding proteins, which trigger specific cellular responses. At elevated temperatures, the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ in plant cells increases rapidly, making Ca2+ signals the earliest response to HS. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of Ca2+ signaling in raising plant thermotolerance, and we explore its multifaceted contributions to various aspects of the plant HS response (HSR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
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15
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Joshi A, Yang SY, Song HG, Min J, Lee JH. Genetic Databases and Gene Editing Tools for Enhancing Crop Resistance against Abiotic Stress. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1400. [PMID: 37997999 PMCID: PMC10669554 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses extensively reduce agricultural crop production globally. Traditional breeding technology has been the fundamental approach used to cope with abiotic stresses. The development of gene editing technology for modifying genes responsible for the stresses and the related genetic networks has established the foundation for sustainable agriculture against environmental stress. Integrated approaches based on functional genomics and transcriptomics are now expanding the opportunities to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying abiotic stress responses. This review summarizes some of the features and weblinks of plant genome databases related to abiotic stress genes utilized for improving crops. The gene-editing tool based on clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) has revolutionized stress tolerance research due to its simplicity, versatility, adaptability, flexibility, and broader applications. However, off-target and low cleavage efficiency hinder the successful application of CRISPR/Cas systems. Computational tools have been developed for designing highly competent gRNA with better cleavage efficiency. This powerful genome editing tool offers tremendous crop improvement opportunities, overcoming conventional breeding techniques' shortcomings. Furthermore, we also discuss the mechanistic insights of the CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing technology. This review focused on the current advances in understanding plant species' abiotic stress response mechanism and applying the CRISPR/Cas system genome editing technology to develop crop resilience against drought, salinity, temperature, heavy metals, and herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpana Joshi
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Agriculture Technology & Agri-Informatics, Shobhit Institute of Engineering & Technology, Meerut 250110, India
| | - Seo-Yeon Yang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (H.-G.S.)
| | - Hyung-Geun Song
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (H.-G.S.)
| | - Jiho Min
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji-Hoon Lee
- Department of Bioenvironmental Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea; (S.-Y.Y.); (H.-G.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
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16
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Luo Q, Wang J, Wang P, Liang X, Li J, Wu C, Fang H, Ding S, Shao S, Shi K. Transcriptomic and genetic approaches reveal that low-light-induced disease susceptibility is related to cellular oxidative stress in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad173. [PMID: 37841503 PMCID: PMC10569241 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of low light intensities on plant disease outbreaks represents a major challenge for global crop security, as it frequently results in significant yield losses. However, the underlying mechanisms of the effect of low light on plant defense are still poorly understood. Here, using an RNA-seq approach, we found that the susceptibility of tomato to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) under low light was associated with the oxidation-reduction process. Low light conditions exacerbated Pst DC3000-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and protein oxidation. Analysis of gene expression and enzyme activity of ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) and other antioxidant enzymes revealed that these defense responses were significantly induced by Pst DC3000 inoculation under normal light, whereas these genes and their associated enzyme activities were not responsive to pathogen inoculation under low light. Additionally, the reduced ascorbate to dehydroascorbate (AsA/DHA) ratio was lower under low light compared with normal light conditions upon Pst DC3000 inoculation. Furthermore, the apx2 mutants generated by a CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing approach were more susceptible to Pst DC3000 under low light conditions. Notably, this increased susceptibility could be significantly reduced by exogenous AsA treatment. Collectively, our findings suggest that low-light-induced disease susceptibility is associated with increased cellular oxidative stress in tomato plants. This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between light conditions, oxidative stress, and plant defense responses, and may pave the way for improved crop protection strategies in low light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Luo
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jianxin Li
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changqi Wu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shujun Shao
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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17
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Sardar A. Genetic amelioration of fruit and vegetable crops to increase biotic and abiotic stress resistance through CRISPR Genome Editing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1260102. [PMID: 37841604 PMCID: PMC10570431 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1260102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental changes and increasing population are major concerns for crop production and food security as a whole. To address this, researchers had focussed on the improvement of cereals and pulses and have made considerable progress till the beginning of this decade. However, cereals and pulses together, without vegetables and fruits, are inadequate to meet the dietary and nutritional demands of human life. Production of good quality vegetables and fruits is highly challenging owing to their perishable nature and short shelf life as well as abiotic and biotic stresses encountered during pre- and post-harvest. Genetic engineering approaches to produce good quality, to increase shelf life and stress-resistance, and to change the time of flowering and fruit ripening by introducing foreign genes to produce genetically modified crops were quite successful. However, several biosafety concerns, such as the risk of transgene-outcrossing, limited their production, marketing, and consumption. Modern genome editing techniques, like the CRISPR/Cas9 system, provide a perfect solution in this scenario, as it can produce transgene-free genetically edited plants. Hence, these genetically edited plants can easily satisfy the biosafety norms for crop production and consumption. This review highlights the potential of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for the successful generation of abiotic and biotic stress resistance and thereby improving the quality, yield, and overall productivity of vegetables and fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atish Sardar
- Department of Botany, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, West Bengal, Kolkata, India
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18
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Erdoğan İ, Cevher-Keskin B, Bilir Ö, Hong Y, Tör M. Recent Developments in CRISPR/Cas9 Genome-Editing Technology Related to Plant Disease Resistance and Abiotic Stress Tolerance. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1037. [PMID: 37508466 PMCID: PMC10376527 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The revolutionary CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology has emerged as a powerful tool for plant improvement, offering unprecedented precision and efficiency in making targeted gene modifications. This powerful and practical approach to genome editing offers tremendous opportunities for crop improvement, surpassing the capabilities of conventional breeding techniques. This article provides an overview of recent advancements and challenges associated with the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in plant improvement. The potential of CRISPR/Cas9 in terms of developing crops with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses is highlighted, with examples of genes edited to confer disease resistance, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, and cold tolerance. Here, we also discuss the importance of off-target effects and the efforts made to mitigate them, including the use of shorter single-guide RNAs and dual Cas9 nickases. Furthermore, alternative delivery methods, such as protein- and RNA-based approaches, are explored, and they could potentially avoid the integration of foreign DNA into the plant genome, thus alleviating concerns related to genetically modified organisms (GMOs). We emphasize the significance of CRISPR/Cas9 in accelerating crop breeding processes, reducing editing time and costs, and enabling the introduction of desired traits at the nucleotide level. As the field of genome editing continues to evolve, it is anticipated that CRISPR/Cas9 will remain a prominent tool for crop improvement, disease resistance, and adaptation to challenging environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Erdoğan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir 40100, Türkiye
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
| | - Birsen Cevher-Keskin
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, TÜBİTAK Marmara Research Center, Kocaeli 41470, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Bilir
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
- Trakya Agricultural Research Institute, Atatürk Bulvarı 167/A, Edirne 22100, Türkiye
| | - Yiguo Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Mahmut Tör
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester WR2 6AJ, UK
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19
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Hu Z, Fang H, Zhu C, Gu S, Ding S, Yu J, Shi K. Ubiquitylation of PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 modulates the defense response in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:2507-2522. [PMID: 36946197 PMCID: PMC10315268 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a danger-associated molecular pattern recognized by PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 (PSKR1) and initiates intercellular signaling to coordinate different physiological processes, especially in the defense response to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The activity of peptide receptors is largely influenced by different posttranslational modifications, which determine intercellular peptide signal outputs. To date, the posttranslational modification to PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR 1 (PSKR1) remains largely unknown. Here, we show that tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) PSKR1 is regulated by the ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway. Using multiple protein-protein interactions and ubiquitylation analyses, we identified that plant U-box E3 ligases PUB12 and PUB13 interacted with PSKR1, among which PUB13 caused PSKR1 ubiquitylation at Lys-748 and Lys-905 sites to control PSKR1 abundance. However, this posttranslational modification was attenuated upon addition of PSK. Moreover, the disease symptoms observed in PUB13 knock-down and overexpression lines demonstrated that PUB13 significantly suppressed the PSK-initiated defense response. This highlights an important regulatory function for the turnover of a peptide receptor by E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitylation in the plant defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Hanmo Fang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shaohan Gu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuting Ding
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, China
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20
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Hendrix S, Dard A, Meyer AJ, Reichheld JP. Redox-mediated responses to high temperature in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2489-2507. [PMID: 36794477 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants are particularly affected by climate change and will face more frequent and extreme temperature variations in the future. Plants have developed a diverse range of mechanisms allowing them to perceive and respond to these environmental constraints, which requires sophisticated signalling mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in plants exposed to various stress conditions including high temperatures and are presumed to be involved in stress response reactions. The diversity of ROS-generating pathways and the ability of ROS to propagate from cell to cell and to diffuse through cellular compartments and even across membranes between subcellular compartments put them at the centre of signalling pathways. In addition, their capacity to modify the cellular redox status and to modulate functions of target proteins, notably through cysteine oxidation, show their involvement in major stress response transduction pathways. ROS scavenging and thiol reductase systems also participate in the transmission of oxidation-dependent stress signals. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the functions of ROS and oxidoreductase systems in integrating high temperature signals, towards the activation of stress responses and developmental acclimation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hendrix
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Avilien Dard
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860 Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, F-66860 Perpignan, France
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Reichheld
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, Université Perpignan Via Domitia, F-66860 Perpignan, France
- Laboratoire Génome et Développement des Plantes, CNRS, F-66860 Perpignan, France
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21
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Song J, Sun P, Kong W, Xie Z, Li C, Liu JH. SnRK2.4-mediated phosphorylation of ABF2 regulates ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE expression and putrescine accumulation under drought stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:216-236. [PMID: 36210523 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arginine decarboxylase (ADC)-mediated putrescine (Put) biosynthesis plays an important role in plant abiotic stress response. SNF1-related protein kinases 2s (SnRK2s) and abscisic acid (ABA)-response element (ABRE)-binding factors (ABFs), are core components of the ABA signaling pathway involved in drought stress response. We previously reported that ADC of Poncirus trifoliata (PtrADC) functions in drought tolerance. However, whether and how SnRK2 and ABF regulate PtrADC to modulate putrescine accumulation under drought stress remains largely unclear. Herein, we employed a set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to reveal that a protein complex composed of PtrSnRK2.4 and PtrABF2 modulates putrescine biosynthesis and drought tolerance by directly regulating PtrADC. PtrABF2 was upregulated by dehydration in an ABA-dependent manner. PtrABF2 activated PtrADC expression by directly and specifically binding to the ABRE core sequence within its promoter and positively regulated drought tolerance via modulating putrescine accumulation. PtrSnRK2.4 interacts with and phosphorylates PtrABF2 at Ser93. PtrSnRK2.4-mediated PtrABF2 phosphorylation is essential for the transcriptional regulation of PtrADC. Besides, PtrSnRK2.4 was shown to play a positive role in drought tolerance by facilitating putrescine synthesis. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the regulatory module SnRK2.4-ABF2-ADC responsible for fine-tuning putrescine accumulation under drought stress, which advances our understanding on transcriptional regulation of putrescine synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peipei Sun
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Weina Kong
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunlong Li
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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22
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Ding S, Lv J, Hu Z, Wang J, Wang P, Yu J, Foyer CH, Shi K. Phytosulfokine peptide optimizes plant growth and defense via glutamine synthetase GS2 phosphorylation in tomato. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111858. [PMID: 36562188 PMCID: PMC10015362 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytosulfokine (PSK) is a plant pentapeptide hormone that fulfills a wide range of functions. Although PSK has frequently been reported to function in the inverse regulation of growth and defense in response to (hemi)biotrophic pathogens, the mechanisms involved remain largely unknown. Using the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 pathogen system, we present compelling evidence that the PSK receptor PSKR1 interacts with the calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK28, which in turn phosphorylates the key enzyme of nitrogen assimilation glutamine synthetase GS2 at two sites (Serine-334 and Serine-360). GS2 phosphorylation at S334 specifically regulates plant defense, whereas S360 regulates growth, uncoupling the PSK-induced effects on defense responses and growth regulation. The discovery of these sites will inform breeding strategies designed to optimize the growth-defense balance in a compatible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Ding
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jianrong Lv
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of HorticultureZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
- Hainan Institute, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology CityZhejiang UniversitySanyaChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and DevelopmentMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsHangzhouChina
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AHMAD M. Plant breeding advancements with "CRISPR-Cas" genome editing technologies will assist future food security. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133036. [PMID: 36993865 PMCID: PMC10040607 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Genome editing techniques are being used to modify plant breeding, which might increase food production sustainably by 2050. A product made feasible by genome editing is becoming better known, because of looser regulation and widespread acceptance. The world's population and food supply would never have increased proportionally under current farming practices. The development of plants and food production has been greatly impacted by global warming and climate change. Therefore, minimizing these effects is crucial for agricultural production that is sustainable. Crops are becoming more resilient to abiotic stress because of sophisticated agricultural practices and a better understanding of the abiotic stress response mechanism. Both conventional and molecular breeding techniques have been used to create viable crop types both processes are time-consuming. Recently, plant breeders have shown an interest in genome editing approaches for genetic manipulation that use clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9). To ensure the security of the food supply in the future, plant kinds with desired traits must be developed. A completely new era in plant breeding has begun because of the revolution in genome editing techniques based on the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated nuclease (Cas9) systems. All plants may effectively target a particular gene or group of loci using Cas9 and single-guide RNA (sgRNA). CRISPR/Cas9 can thereby save time and labor compared to conventional breeding methods. An easy, quick, and efficient method for directly altering the genetic sequences in cells is with the CRISPR and Cas9 systems. The CRISPR-Cas9 system, which was developed from components of the earliest known bacterial immune system, allows for targeted gene breakage and gene editing in a variety of cells/RNA sequences to guide endonuclease cleavage specificity in the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Editing can be directed to practically any genomic site by altering the guide RNA (gRNA) sequence and delivering it to a target cell along with the Cas9 endonuclease. We summarize recent CRISPR/Cas9 plant research findings, investigate potential applications in plant breeding, and make predictions about likely future breakthroughs and approaches to food security through 2050.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. AHMAD
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sheri-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology-Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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24
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Redox Signaling in Plant Heat Stress Response. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030605. [PMID: 36978852 PMCID: PMC10045013 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in environmental temperature due to global warming is a critical threat to plant growth and productivity. Heat stress can cause impairment in several biochemical and physiological processes. Plants sense and respond to this adverse environmental condition by activating a plethora of defense systems. Among them, the heat stress response (HSR) involves an intricate network of heat shock factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). However, a growing amount of evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS), besides potentially being responsible for cellular oxidative damage, can act as signal molecules in HSR, leading to adaptative responses. The role of ROS as toxic or signal molecules depends on the fine balance between their production and scavenging. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants represent the first line of defense against oxidative damage and their activity is critical to maintaining an optimal redox environment. However, the HS-dependent ROS burst temporarily oxidizes the cellular environment, triggering redox-dependent signaling cascades. This review provides an overview of the redox-activated mechanisms that participate in the HSR.
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25
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Tiwari JK, Singh AK, Behera TK. CRISPR/Cas genome editing in tomato improvement: Advances and applications. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1121209. [PMID: 36909403 PMCID: PMC9995852 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1121209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The narrow genetic base of tomato poses serious challenges in breeding. Hence, with the advent of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein9 (CRISPR/Cas9) genome editing, fast and efficient breeding has become possible in tomato breeding. Many traits have been edited and functionally characterized using CRISPR/Cas9 in tomato such as plant architecture and flower characters (e.g. leaf, stem, flower, male sterility, fruit, parthenocarpy), fruit ripening, quality and nutrition (e.g., lycopene, carotenoid, GABA, TSS, anthocyanin, shelf-life), disease resistance (e.g. TYLCV, powdery mildew, late blight), abiotic stress tolerance (e.g. heat, drought, salinity), C-N metabolism, and herbicide resistance. CRISPR/Cas9 has been proven in introgression of de novo domestication of elite traits from wild relatives to the cultivated tomato and vice versa. Innovations in CRISPR/Cas allow the use of online tools for single guide RNA design and multiplexing, cloning (e.g. Golden Gate cloning, GoldenBraid, and BioBrick technology), robust CRISPR/Cas constructs, efficient transformation protocols such as Agrobacterium, and DNA-free protoplast method for Cas9-gRNAs ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) complex, Cas9 variants like PAM-free Cas12a, and Cas9-NG/XNG-Cas9, homologous recombination (HR)-based gene knock-in (HKI) by geminivirus replicon, and base/prime editing (Target-AID technology). This mini-review highlights the current research advances in CRISPR/Cas for fast and efficient breeding of tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagesh Kumar Tiwari
- Division of Vegetable Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Kumar Singh
- Division of Horticulture, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan - II, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Behera
- Division of Vegetable Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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26
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Zhang Q, Li Y, Cao K, Xu H, Zhou X. Transcriptome and proteome depth analysis indicate ABA, MAPK cascade and Ca 2+ signaling co-regulate cold tolerance in Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146663. [PMID: 36895874 PMCID: PMC9989302 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cold stress is a global common problem that significantly limits plant development and geographical distribution. Plants respond to low temperature stress by evolving interrelated regulatory pathways to respond and adapt to their environment in a timely manner. Rhodoendron chrysanthum Pall. (R. chrysanthum) is a perennial evergreen dwarf shrub used for adornment and medicine that thrives in the Changbai Mountains at high elevations and subfreezing conditions. METHODS In this study, a comprehensive investigation of cold tolerance (4°C, 12h) in R. chrysanthum leaves under cold using physiological combined with transcriptomic and proteomic approaches. RESULTS There were 12,261 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 360 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the low temperature (LT) and normal treatment (Control). Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses showed that MAPK cascade, ABA biosynthesis and signaling, plant-pathogen interaction, linoleic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism were significantly enriched in response to cold stress of R. chrysanthum leaves. DISCUSSION We analyzed the involvement of ABA biosynthesis and signaling, MAPK cascade, and Ca2+ signaling, that may jointly respond to stomatal closure, chlorophyll degradation, and ROS homeostasis under low temperature stress. These results propose an integrated regulatory network of ABA, MAPK cascade and Ca2+ signaling comodulating the cold stress in R. chrysanthum, which will provide some insights to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of cold tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongwei Xu
- *Correspondence: Xiaofu Zhou, ; Hongwei Xu,
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27
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Su P, Sui C, Niu Y, Li J, Wang S, Sun F, Yan J, Guo S. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and functional characterization reveals that the class III peroxidase gene TaPRX-2A regulates drought stress tolerance in transgenic wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119162. [PMID: 36875561 PMCID: PMC9976582 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress that reduces crop yields and quality worldwide. Although some genes involved in the response to drought stress have been identified, a more in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying wheat tolerance to drought is needed for the control of drought tolerance. Here, we evaluated the drought tolerance of 15 wheat cultivars and measured their physiological-biochemical parameters. Our data showed that the drought tolerance of the resistant wheat cultivars was significantly higher than that of drought-sensitive cultivars, which was associated with a greater antioxidant capacity of the former. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that different mechanisms of drought tolerance exist between the wheat cultivars Ziyou 5 and Liangxing 66. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed a large number of DEGs, including those involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, phytohormone signalling, phenolamides and antioxidants. qRT-PCR was performed, and the results showed that the expression levels of TaPRX-2A were significantly different among the various wheat cultivars under drought stress. Further study revealed that overexpression of TaPRX-2A enhanced tolerance to drought stress through the maintenance of increased antioxidase activities and reductions in ROS contents. Overexpression of TaPRX-2A also increased the expression levels of stress-related genes and ABA-related genes. Taken together, our findings show that flavonoids, phytohormones, phenolamides and antioxidants are involved in the plant response to drought stress and that TaPRX-2A is a positive regulator of this response. Our study provides insights into tolerance mechanisms and highlights the potential of TaPRX-2A overexpression in enhancing drought tolerance in crop improvement programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisen Su
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Chao Sui
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yufei Niu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Shuhan Wang
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Fanting Sun
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Shangjing Guo
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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28
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Silamparasan D, Chang IF, Jinn TL. Calcium-dependent protein kinase CDPK16 phosphorylates serine-856 of glutamate receptor-like GLR3.6 protein leading to salt-responsive root growth in Arabidopsis . FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1093472. [PMID: 36818849 PMCID: PMC9935832 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1093472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-permeable channels in the plasma membrane play vital roles in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli. Arabidopsis possesses 20 glutamate receptor-like proteins that share similarities with animal ionotropic glutamate receptors and mediate Ca2+ influx in plants. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) phosphorylate serine (Ser)-860 of glutamate receptor-like (GLR)3.7 protein, which interacts with 14-3-3ω and plays an essential role in salt and abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis by modulating Ca2+ signaling. However, the significance of CDPK- mediated phosphorylation status of Ser residues of GLR3.6 with regard to the functioning of GLR3.6 remains to be elucidated. In this study, we performed an in vitro kinase assay using CDPK16 and peptides containing the 14-3-3ω interacting domain of GLR3.6. We showed that Ser861/862 of GLR3.6 are required for the interaction with 14-3-3ω and that Ser856 of GLR3.6 is specifically phosphorylated by CDPK16 but not by CDPK3 and CDPK34. In addition, the expression of GLR3.6 was quickly downregulated by salt stress, and plants of glr3.6 mutants and GLR3.6-overexpression lines presented shorter and longer root lengths, respectively, under normal growth conditions than Col. Overexpression of the GLR3.6-Ser856 to Ala mutation resulted in a less sensitive phenotype in response to salt stress similar to glr3.6. Our results indicated that the Ser861/862 residues of GLR3.6 are required for interaction with 14-3-3ω. Additionally, the phosphorylation status of Ser856 residue of GLR3.6, which is mediated specifically by CDPK16, regulates root growth in normal and salt stress and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ing-Feng Chang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Luo Jinn
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Saeed F, Chaudhry UK, Raza A, Charagh S, Bakhsh A, Bohra A, Ali S, Chitikineni A, Saeed Y, Visser RGF, Siddique KHM, Varshney RK. Developing future heat-resilient vegetable crops. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:47. [PMID: 36692535 PMCID: PMC9873721 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00967-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Climate change seriously impacts global agriculture, with rising temperatures directly affecting the yield. Vegetables are an essential part of daily human consumption and thus have importance among all agricultural crops. The human population is increasing daily, so there is a need for alternative ways which can be helpful in maximizing the harvestable yield of vegetables. The increase in temperature directly affects the plants' biochemical and molecular processes; having a significant impact on quality and yield. Breeding for climate-resilient crops with good yields takes a long time and lots of breeding efforts. However, with the advent of new omics technologies, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, the efficiency and efficacy of unearthing information on pathways associated with high-temperature stress resilience has improved in many of the vegetable crops. Besides omics, the use of genomics-assisted breeding and new breeding approaches such as gene editing and speed breeding allow creation of modern vegetable cultivars that are more resilient to high temperatures. Collectively, these approaches will shorten the time to create and release novel vegetable varieties to meet growing demands for productivity and quality. This review discusses the effects of heat stress on vegetables and highlights recent research with a focus on how omics and genome editing can produce temperature-resilient vegetables more efficiently and faster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Usman Khalid Chaudhry
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Ali Raza
- College of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Sidra Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia
| | - Sumbul Ali
- Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Annapurna Chitikineni
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Yasir Saeed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Richard G F Visser
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, 15, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6001, Australia
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Australia.
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India.
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30
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Sun HH, Wang ZZ, Gao YY, Hao GF, Yang GF. Protein Kinases as Potential Targets Contribute to the Development of Agrochemicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:52-64. [PMID: 36592042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using agrochemicals against pest insects, fungi, and weeds plays a major part in maintaining and improving crop yields, which helps to solve the issue of food security. Due to the limited targets and resistance of agrochemicals, protein kinases are regarded as attractive potential targets to develop new agrochemicals. Recently, a lot of investigations have shown the extension of agrochemicals by targeting protein kinases, implying an increasing concern for this kind of method. However, few people have summarized and discussed the targetability of protein kinases contributing to the development of agrochemicals. In this work, we introduce the research on protein kinases as potential targets used in crop protection and discuss the prospects of protein kinases in the field of agrochemical development. This study may not only provide guidance for the contribution of protein kinases to the development of agrochemicals but also help nonprofessionals such as students learn and understand the role of protein kinases quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Han Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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Nascimento FDS, Rocha ADJ, Soares JMDS, Mascarenhas MS, Ferreira MDS, Morais Lino LS, Ramos APDS, Diniz LEC, Mendes TADO, Ferreira CF, dos Santos-Serejo JA, Amorim EP. Gene Editing for Plant Resistance to Abiotic Factors: A Systematic Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020305. [PMID: 36679018 PMCID: PMC9860801 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural crops are exposed to various abiotic stresses, such as salinity, water deficits, temperature extremes, floods, radiation, and metal toxicity. To overcome these challenges, breeding programs seek to improve methods and techniques. Gene editing by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats-CRISPR/Cas-is a versatile tool for editing in all layers of the central dogma with focus on the development of cultivars of plants resistant or tolerant to multiple biotic or abiotic stresses. This systematic review (SR) brings new contributions to the study of the use of CRISPR/Cas in gene editing for tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. Articles deposited in different electronic databases, using a search string and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, were evaluated. This SR demonstrates that the CRISPR/Cas system has been applied to several plant species to promote tolerance to the main abiotic stresses. Among the most studied crops are rice and Arabidopsis thaliana, an important staple food for the population, and a model plant in genetics/biotechnology, respectively, and more recently tomato, whose number of studies has increased since 2021. Most studies were conducted in Asia, specifically in China. The Cas9 enzyme is used in most articles, and only Cas12a is used as an additional gene editing tool in plants. Ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) have emerged as a DNA-free strategy for genome editing without exogenous DNA. This SR also identifies several genes edited by CRISPR/Cas, and it also shows that plant responses to stress factors are mediated by many complex-signaling pathways. In addition, the quality of the articles included in this SR was validated by a risk of bias analysis. The information gathered in this SR helps to understand the current state of CRISPR/Cas in the editing of genes and noncoding sequences, which plays a key role in the regulation of various biological processes and the tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses, with potential for use in plant genetic improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anelita de Jesus Rocha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana 44036-900, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mileide dos Santos Ferreira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana 44036-900, BA, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edson Perito Amorim
- Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas 44380-000, BA, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-75-3312-8058; Fax: +55-75-3312-8097
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An S, Liu Y, Sang K, Wang T, Yu J, Zhou Y, Xia X. Brassinosteroid signaling positively regulates abscisic acid biosynthesis in response to chilling stress in tomato. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:10-24. [PMID: 36053143 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) and abscisic acid (ABA) are essential regulators of plant growth and stress tolerance. Although the antagonistic interaction of BRs and ABA is proposed to ensure the balance between growth and defense in model plants, the crosstalk between BRs and ABA in response to chilling in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), a warm-climate horticultural crop, is unclear. Here, we determined that overexpression of the BR biosynthesis gene DWARF (DWF) or the key BR signaling gene BRASSINAZOLE-RESISTANT1 (BZR1) increases ABA levels in response to chilling stress via positively regulating the expression of the ABA biosynthesis gene 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE1 (NCED1). BR-induced chilling tolerance was mostly dependent on ABA biosynthesis. Chilling stress or high BR levels decreased the abundance of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), a negative regulator of BR signaling. Moreover, we observed that chilling stress increases BR levels and results in the accumulation of BZR1. BIN2 negatively regulated both the accumulation of BZR1 protein and chilling tolerance by suppressing ABA biosynthesis. Our results demonstrate that BR signaling positively regulates chilling tolerance via ABA biosynthesis in tomato. The study has implications in production of warm-climate crops in horticulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmin An
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kangqi Sang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, 572025, China
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Kumar M, Prusty MR, Pandey MK, Singh PK, Bohra A, Guo B, Varshney RK. Application of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing for abiotic stress management in crop plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1157678. [PMID: 37143874 PMCID: PMC10153630 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1157678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals, extensively reducing global agricultural production. Traditional breeding approaches and transgenic technology have been widely used to mitigate the risks of these environmental stresses. The discovery of engineered nucleases as genetic scissors to carry out precise manipulation in crop stress-responsive genes and associated molecular network has paved the way for sustainable management of abiotic stress conditions. In this context, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-Cas (CRISPR/Cas)-based gene-editing tool has revolutionized due to its simplicity, accessibility, adaptability, flexibility, and wide applicability. This system has great potential to build up crop varieties with enhanced tolerance against abiotic stresses. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on understanding the mechanism of abiotic stress response in plants and the application of CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene-editing system towards enhanced tolerance to a multitude of stresses including drought, salinity, cold, heat, and heavy metals. We provide mechanistic insights on the CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing technology. We also discuss applications of evolving genome editing techniques such as prime editing and base editing, mutant library production, transgene free and multiplexing to rapidly deliver modern crop cultivars adapted to abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Israel
- *Correspondence: Rajeev K. Varshney, ; Baozhu Guo, ; Manoj Kumar,
| | - Manas Ranjan Prusty
- Institute for Cereal Crop Improvement, Plant Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University (A Central University), Pachhunga University College, Aizawl, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Baozhu Guo
- Crop Genetics and Breeding Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Tifton, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Rajeev K. Varshney, ; Baozhu Guo, ; Manoj Kumar,
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Rajeev K. Varshney, ; Baozhu Guo, ; Manoj Kumar,
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Rahman MU, Zulfiqar S, Raza MA, Ahmad N, Zhang B. Engineering Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants through CRISPR Genome Editing. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223590. [PMID: 36429019 PMCID: PMC9688763 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental abiotic stresses challenge food security by depressing crop yields often exceeding 50% of their annual production. Different methods, including conventional as well as genomic-assisted breeding, mutagenesis, and genetic engineering have been utilized to enhance stress resilience in several crop species. Plant breeding has been partly successful in developing crop varieties against abiotic stresses owning to the complex genetics of the traits as well as the narrow genetic base in the germplasm. Irrespective of the fact that genetic engineering can transfer gene(s) from any organism(s), transgenic crops have become controversial mainly due to the potential risk of transgene-outcrossing. Consequently, the cultivation of transgenic crops is banned in certain countries, particularly in European countries. In this scenario, the discovery of the CRISPR tool provides a platform for producing transgene-free genetically edited plants-similar to the mutagenized crops that are not extensively regulated such as genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Thus, the genome-edited plants without a transgene would likely go into the field without any restriction. Here, we focused on the deployment of CRISPR for the successful development of abiotic stress-tolerant crop plants for sustaining crop productivity under changing environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob-ur Rahman
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.-u.R.); (B.Z.)
| | - Sana Zulfiqar
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad Raza
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Breeding Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
- Correspondence: (M.-u.R.); (B.Z.)
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Servello FA, Fernandes R, Eder M, Harris N, Martin OMF, Oswal N, Lindberg A, Derosiers N, Sengupta P, Stroustrup N, Apfeld J. Neuronal temperature perception induces specific defenses that enable C. elegans to cope with the enhanced reactivity of hydrogen peroxide at high temperature. eLife 2022; 11:e78941. [PMID: 36226814 PMCID: PMC9635881 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide is the most common reactive chemical that organisms face on the microbial battlefield. The rate with which hydrogen peroxide damages biomolecules required for life increases with temperature, yet little is known about how organisms cope with this temperature-dependent threat. Here, we show that Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes use temperature information perceived by sensory neurons to cope with the temperature-dependent threat of hydrogen peroxide produced by the pathogenic bacterium Enterococcus faecium. These nematodes preemptively induce the expression of specific hydrogen peroxide defenses in response to perception of high temperature by a pair of sensory neurons. These neurons communicate temperature information to target tissues expressing those defenses via an insulin/IGF1 hormone. This is the first example of a multicellular organism inducing their defenses to a chemical when they sense an inherent enhancer of the reactivity of that chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rute Fernandes
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Matthias Eder
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nathan Harris
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Olivier MF Martin
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Natasha Oswal
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Anders Lindberg
- Biology Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
| | | | - Piali Sengupta
- Department of Biology, Brandeis UniversityWalthamUnited States
| | - Nicholas Stroustrup
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyBarcelonaSpain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Javier Apfeld
- Biology Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
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Genome-wide analysis of autophagy-related gene family and PagATG18a enhances salt tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis in poplar. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1524-1540. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Qi N, Wang N, Hou X, Li Y, Liao W. Involvement of Calcium and Calmodulin in NO-Alleviated Salt Stress in Tomato Seedlings. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11192479. [PMID: 36235348 PMCID: PMC9571744 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salt stress is an adverse impact on the growth and development of plants, leading to yield losses in crops. It has been suggested that nitric oxide (NO) and calcium ion (Ca2+) act as critical signals in regulating plant growth. However, their crosstalk remains unclear under stress condition. In this study, we demonstrate that NO and Ca2+ play positive roles in the growth of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) seedlings under salt stress. Our data show that Ca2+ channel inhibitor lanthanum chloride (LaCl3), Ca2+ chelator ethylene glycol-bis (2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), or calmodulin (CaM) antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfona-mide hydrochloride (W-7) significantly reversed the effect of NO-promoted the growth of tomato seedlings under salt stress. We further show that NO and Ca2+ significantly decreased reactive oxygen accumulation, increased proline content, and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, as well as increased expression of antioxidant enzymes related genes. However, LaCl3, EGTA, and W-7 prevented the positive roles of NO. In addition, the activity of downstream target enzymes related to Ca2+/CaM was increased by NO under salt stress, while LaCl3, EGTA, and W-7 reversed this enhancement. Taken together, these results demonstrate that Ca2+/CaM might be involved in NO-alleviate salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Weibiao Liao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-138-9328-7942; Fax: +86-931-7632155
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Li X, Hu D, Cai L, Wang H, Liu X, Du H, Yang Z, Zhang H, Hu Z, Huang F, Kan G, Kong F, Liu B, Yu D, Wang H. CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE38 regulates flowering time and common cutworm resistance in soybean. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:480-499. [PMID: 35640995 PMCID: PMC9434205 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod-sensitive plants such as soybean (Glycine max) often face threats from herbivorous insects throughout their whole growth period and especially during flowering; however, little is known about the relationship between plant flowering and insect resistance. Here, we used gene editing, multiple omics, genetic diversity and evolutionary analyses to confirm that the calcium-dependent protein kinase GmCDPK38 plays a dual role in coordinating flowering time regulation and insect resistance of soybean. Haplotype 2 (Hap2)-containing soybeans flowered later and were more resistant to the common cutworm (Spodoptera litura Fabricius) than those of Hap3. gmcdpk38 mutants with Hap3 knocked out exhibited similar flowering and resistance phenotypes as Hap2. Knocking out GmCDPK38 altered numerous flowering- and resistance-related phosphorylated proteins, genes, and metabolites. For example, the S-adenosylmethionine synthase GmSAMS1 was post-translationally upregulated in the gmcdpk38 mutants. GmCDPK38 has abundant genetic diversity in wild soybeans and was likely selected during soybean domestication. We found that Hap2 was mostly distributed at low latitudes and had a higher frequency in cultivars than in wild soybeans, while Hap3 was widely selected at high latitudes. Overall, our results elucidated that the two distinct traits (flowering time and insect resistance) are mediated by GmCDPK38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dezhou Hu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Linyan Cai
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huiqi Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haiping Du
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhongyi Yang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huairen Zhang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhenbin Hu
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, USA
| | - Fang Huang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guizhen Kan
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baohui Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hui Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Barros J, Shrestha HK, Serrani-Yarce JC, Engle NL, Abraham PE, Tschaplinski TJ, Hettich RL, Dixon RA. Proteomic and metabolic disturbances in lignin-modified Brachypodium distachyon. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3339-3363. [PMID: 35670759 PMCID: PMC9421481 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Lignin biosynthesis begins with the deamination of phenylalanine and tyrosine (Tyr) as a key branch point between primary and secondary metabolism in land plants. Here, we used a systems biology approach to investigate the global metabolic responses to lignin pathway perturbations in the model grass Brachypodium distachyon. We identified the lignin biosynthetic protein families and found that ammonia-lyases (ALs) are among the most abundant proteins in lignifying tissues in grasses. Integrated metabolomic and proteomic data support a link between lignin biosynthesis and primary metabolism mediated by the ammonia released from ALs that is recycled for the synthesis of amino acids via glutamine. RNA interference knockdown of lignin genes confirmed that the route of the canonical pathway using shikimate ester intermediates is not essential for lignin formation in Brachypodium, and there is an alternative pathway from Tyr via sinapic acid for the synthesis of syringyl lignin involving yet uncharacterized enzymatic steps. Our findings support a model in which plant ALs play a central role in coordinating the allocation of carbon for lignin synthesis and the nitrogen available for plant growth. Collectively, these data also emphasize the value of integrative multiomic analyses to advance our understanding of plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Him K Shrestha
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
- Genome Science and Technology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37916, USA
| | - Juan C Serrani-Yarce
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, USA
| | - Nancy L Engle
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76201, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Paul E Abraham
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Timothy J Tschaplinski
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Robert L Hettich
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
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BAG9 Confers Thermotolerance by Regulating Cellular Redox Homeostasis and the Stability of Heat Shock Proteins in Solanum lycopersicum. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081467. [PMID: 36009189 PMCID: PMC9404849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bcl-2-associated athanogene (BAG) family, a group of co-chaperones that share conservative domains in flora and fauna, is involved in plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the function of tomato BAG genes on thermotolerance remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that the expression of BAG9 was induced during heat stress in tomato plants. Knockout of the BAG9 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 reduced, while its overexpression increased thermotolerance in tomato plants as reflected by the phenotype, photosynthesis rate, and membrane peroxidation. Heat-induced reactive oxygen species and oxidative/oxidized proteins were further increased in bag9 mutants and were normalized in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Furthermore, the activities of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbic acid (AsA)/dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), and reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) were reduced in bag9 mutants and were increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants under heat stress. Additionally, BAG9 interacted with Hsp20 proteins in vitro and in vivo. Accumulation of Hsp proteins induced by heat showed a reduction in bag9 mutants; meanwhile, it was increased in BAG9 overexpressing plants. Thus, BAG9 played a crucial role in response to heat stress by regulating cellular redox homeostasis and the stability of heat shock proteins.
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CRISPR/Cas9 Technique for Temperature, Drought, and Salinity Stress Responses. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2664-2682. [PMID: 35735623 PMCID: PMC9221872 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44060182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming and climate change have severely affected plant growth and food production. Therefore, minimizing these effects is required for sustainable crop yields. Understanding the molecular mechanisms in response to abiotic stresses and improving agricultural traits to make crops tolerant to abiotic stresses have been going on unceasingly. To generate desirable varieties of crops, traditional and molecular breeding techniques have been tried, but both approaches are time-consuming. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) and transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are genome-editing technologies that have recently attracted the attention of plant breeders for genetic modification. These technologies are powerful tools in the basic and applied sciences for understanding gene function, as well as in the field of crop breeding. In this review, we focus on the application of genome-editing systems in plants to understand gene function in response to abiotic stresses and to improve tolerance to abiotic stresses, such as temperature, drought, and salinity stresses.
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Li Y, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. Crosstalk between Ca 2+ and Other Regulators Assists Plants in Responding to Abiotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11101351. [PMID: 35631776 PMCID: PMC9148064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many strategies for adaptation to extreme environments. Ca2+, acting as an important secondary messenger in plant cells, is a signaling molecule involved in plants' response and adaptation to external stress. In plant cells, almost all kinds of abiotic stresses are able to raise cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and the spatiotemporal distribution of this molecule in distant cells suggests that Ca2+ may be a universal signal regulating different kinds of abiotic stress. Ca2+ is used to sense and transduce various stress signals through its downstream calcium-binding proteins, thereby inducing a series of biochemical reactions to adapt to or resist various stresses. This review summarizes the roles and molecular mechanisms of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, ultraviolet light, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperature and wounding. Furthermore, we focused on the crosstalk between Ca2+ and other signaling molecules in plants suffering from extreme environmental stress.
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Activation and turnover of the plant immune signaling kinase BIK1: a fine balance. Essays Biochem 2022; 66:207-218. [PMID: 35575190 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms to sense and respond to pathogens have evolved in all species. The plant immune pathway is initiated by the activation of transmembrane receptor kinases that trigger phosphorylation relays resulting in cellular reprogramming. BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) is a direct substrate of multiple immune receptors in Arabidopsis thaliana and is a central regulator of plant immunity. Here, we review how BIK1 activity and protein stability are regulated by a dynamic interplay between phosphorylation and ubiquitination.
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Zhou Z, Li J, Zhu C, Jing B, Shi K, Yu J, Hu Z. Exogenous Rosmarinic Acid Application Enhances Thermotolerance in Tomatoes. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091172. [PMID: 35567173 PMCID: PMC9099758 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to global warming, high-temperature stress has become a major threat to plant growth and development, which causes a severe challenge to food security worldwide. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the plant bioactive molecules, which could be a promising approach to strengthening plant thermotolerance. Rosmarinic acid (RA) serves as a plant-derived phenolic compound and has beneficial and health-promoting effects for human beings. However, the involvement of RA in plant stress response and the underlying molecular mechanism was largely unknown. In this study, we found that exogenous RA application conferred improved thermotolerance in tomatoes. The transcript abundance and the enzyme activity of enzymatic antioxidants, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), were further promoted by RA treatment in tomato plants subjected to high-temperature stress. Moreover, RA activated the antioxidant system and modulated the cellular redox homeostasis also associated with the redox status of nonenzymatic glutathione and ascorbic acid. The results of RNA-seq data showed that transcriptional regulation was involved in RA-mediated thermotolerance. Consistently, the gene expression of several high temperature-responsive transcription factors like HsfA2, and WRKY family genes were substantially induced by RA treatment, which potentially contributed to the induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs). Overall, these findings not only gave a direct link between RA and plant thermotolerance but also provided an attractive approach to protecting crop plants from high-temperature damage in a global warming future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
| | - Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
| | - Beiyu Jing
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of P. R. China, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (C.Z.); (B.J.); (K.S.); (J.Y.)
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
- Correspondence:
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Ma Q, Hu Z, Mao Z, Mei Y, Feng S, Shi K. A novel leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase MRK1 regulates resistance to multiple stresses in tomato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhab088. [PMID: 35048129 PMCID: PMC9123237 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhab088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs) are ubiquitous in higher plants, which act as receptors of extracellular signals to trigger multiple physiological processes. However, the functions of the majority of LRR-RLKs remain largely unknown, especially in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Here, we found that MRK1 (Multiple resistance-associated kinase 1), encoding a novel tomato LRR-RLK, was significantly induced either by temperature stresses or bacterial pathogen attacks. Knocking out MRK1 impaired the tolerance to both cold and heat stress, accompanied with the decrease in transcripts of master regulators C-repeat binding factor 1 (CBF1) and Heat shock transcription factor a-1a (HsfA1a), respectively. Additionally, mrk1 mutants were hypersensitive to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Ralstonia solanacearum and compromised pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) responses as evidenced by decreased reactive oxygen species production and reduced upregulation of the PTI marker genes. Moreover, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, split-luciferase assay and coimmunoprecipitation supported the existence of complex formation between the MRK1, FLS2 and Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (SERK3A/SERK3B) in a ligand-independent manner. This work demonstrates that tomato MRK1 as a novel positive regulator of multiple stresses, which might be a potential breeding target to improve crop stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaomei Ma
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhuo Mao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuyang Mei
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuxian Feng
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Feng S, Shen Y, Xu H, Dong J, Chen K, Xiang Y, Jiang X, Yao C, Lu T, Huan W, Wang H. RNA-Seq Identification of Cd Responsive Transporters Provides Insights into the Association of Oxidation Resistance and Cd Accumulation in Cucumis sativus L. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121973. [PMID: 34943077 PMCID: PMC8750378 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) has grown rapidly and has become a major force for cucumber production in China. In highly intensive GVP systems, excessive fertilization results in soil acidification, increasing Cd accumulation and oxidative stress damage in vegetables as well as increasing health risk of vegetable consumers. Therefore, enhancing antioxidant capacity and activating the expression level of Cd transporter genes seem to be feasible solutions to promote plant resistance to Cd stress and to reduce accumulated Cd concentration. Here, we used transcriptomics to identify five cucumber transporter genes (CsNRAMP1, CsNRAMP4, CsHMA1, CsZIP1, and CsZIP8) in response to cadmium stress, which were involved in Cd transport activity in yeast. Ionomics, gene expression, and REDOX reaction level association analyses have shown that the transcript of CsNRAMP4 was positively correlated with Cd accumulation and antioxidant capacity of cucumber roots. The expression level of CsHMA1 was negatively correlated with Cd-induced antioxidant capacity. The overexpression of CsHMA1 significantly relieved Cd stress-induced antioxidant activities. In addition, shoots with high CsHMA2 expression remarkably presented Cd bioaccumulation. Grafting experiments confirmed that CsHMA1 contributed to the high antioxidant capacity of cucumber, while CsHMA2 was responsible for the transport of Cd from the roots to the shoots. Our study elucidated a novel regulatory mechanism for Cd transport and oxidative damage removal in horticultural melons and provided a perspective to regulate Cd transport artificially by modulating Cd accumulation and resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yanghui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Huinan Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Junyang Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Kexin Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yu Xiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xianda Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chenjie Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
| | - Tao Lu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Weiwei Huan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Huasen Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (S.F.); (H.X.); (J.D.); (K.C.); (Y.X.); (X.J.); (C.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-63740028
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A Novel Role of Pipecolic Acid Biosynthetic Pathway in Drought Tolerance through the Antioxidant System in Tomato. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121923. [PMID: 34943026 PMCID: PMC8750784 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With global warming and water shortage, drought stress is provoking an increasing impact on plant growth, development, and crop productivity worldwide. Pipecolic acid (Pip) is an emerging lysine catabolite in plants, acting as a critical element in disease resistance with a related signal pathway of phytohormone salicylic acid (SA). While SA plays a vital role in various abiotic stresses, the role of Pip in plant response to abiotic stresses, especially drought, remains largely unknown. To address this issue, Pip biosynthetic gene Slald1 mutants and hydroxylated modification gene Slfmo1 mutants were generated using CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing approaches. Drought resistance dramatically increased in Slald1 mutants compared with wild-type, which was associated with increased CO2 assimilation, photosystems activities, antioxidant enzymes activities, ascorbate and glutathione content, and reduced reactive oxygen species accumulation, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. On the contrary, Slfmo1 mutants were more sensitive to drought, showing damaged photosystems and impaired antioxidant systems, which were significantly alleviated by exogenous ascorbate. Our results demonstrate that Pip biosynthesis and hydroxylated modification pathways play a critical role in drought tolerance through the antioxidant system in tomato. This knowledge can be helpful to breed improved crop cultivars that are better equipped with drought resistance.
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Zhu C, Wu S, Sun T, Zhou Z, Hu Z, Yu J. Rosmarinic Acid Delays Tomato Fruit Ripening by Regulating Ripening-Associated Traits. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1821. [PMID: 34829692 PMCID: PMC8614985 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits are excellent sources of essential vitamins and health-boosting minerals. Recently, regulation of fruit ripening by both internal and external cues for the improvement of fruit quality and shelf life has received considerable attention. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a kind of natural plant-derived polyphenol, widely used in the drug therapy and food industry due to its distinct physiological functions. However, the role of RA in plant growth and development, especially at the postharvest period of fruits, remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that postharvest RA treatment delayed the ripening in tomato fruits. Exogenous application of RA decreased ripening-associated ethylene production and inhibited the fruit color change from green to red based on the decline in lycopene accumulation. We also found that the degradation of sucrose and malic acid during ripening was significantly suppressed in RA-treated tomato fruits. The results of metabolite profiling showed that RA application promoted the accumulation of multiple amino acids in tomato fruits, such as aspartic acid, serine, tyrosine, and proline. Meanwhile, RA application also strengthened the antioxidant system by increasing both the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of reduced forms of antioxidants. These findings not only unveiled a novel function of RA in fruit ripening, but also indicated an attractive strategy to manage and improve shelf life, flavor, and sensory evolution of tomato fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Zhu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shaofang Wu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Zhiwen Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
| | - Zhangjian Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (C.Z.); (S.W.); (T.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.Y.)
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, China
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Praat M, De Smet I, van Zanten M. Protein kinase and phosphatase control of plant temperature responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab345. [PMID: 34283227 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants must cope with ever-changing temperature conditions in their environment. Suboptimal high and low temperatures, and stressful extreme temperatures, induce adaptive mechanisms that allow optimal performance and survival, respectively. These processes have been extensively studied at the physiological, transcriptional and (epi)genetic level. Cellular temperature signalling cascades and tolerance mechanisms also involve post-translational modifications (PTMs), particularly protein phosphorylation. Many protein kinases are known to be involved in cold acclimation and heat stress responsiveness but research on the role and importance of kinases and phosphatases in triggering responses to mild changes in temperature such as thermomorphogenesis is inadequately understood. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of kinases and phosphatases in plant temperature responses. We discuss how kinases can function over a range of temperatures in different signalling pathways and provide an outlook to the application of PTM-modifying factors for the development of thermotolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe Praat
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University. Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ive De Smet
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University. Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
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