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Tullis B, Mace JC, Hagedorn R, Nguyen C, Stockard R, Massey C, Ramakrishnan VR, Beswick DM, Soler ZM, Smith TL, Alt JA, Gill AS. The Impact of Acute Peri-operative Particulate Matter Exposure on Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Outcomes: A Preliminary Multi-site Investigation. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2024; 38:237-244. [PMID: 38623645 DOI: 10.1177/19458924241246371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental exposures have been postulated to play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most widely studied ambient air pollutants, but its peri-operative impact on CRS is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of acute, peri-operative PM exposure on outcomes after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). METHODS Participants with CRS who self-selected ESS were prospectively enrolled. The 22-item SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short-Form 6-D (SF-6D) health utility values scores were recorded. Using residence zip codes, a secondary analysis of patient exposure to PM <2.5 μm and <10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively) was performed for the month of surgery utilizing data from Environmental Protection Agency air quality monitors. Spearman's correlation coefficients (ρ), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and effect estimates (β) were used to determine the magnitudes of association. Simple, multivariate regression analysis was also completed. RESULTS One hundred and seven patients from four geographically unique institutions across the US were enrolled with a follow-up of 6 months. Patients with higher peri-operative PM2.5 exposure had less improvement in their SNOT-22 scores after ESS compared to those with less exposure using both univariate analysis (ρ = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.43; P = .01) and after covariate adjustment with multivariate analysis (B = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.001, 2.14, P = .05). Similar associations were not found with SF-6D outcomes or with PM10 as an exposure of interest. No significant correlations were found between peri-operative PM levels and Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores post-operatively. CONCLUSION Preliminary data from this pilot study reveal that PM exposure at the time of ESS may negatively associate with post-operative improvement in sinonasal quality-of-life. Larger, population-based studies with more standardized PM exposure windows are needed to confirm the clinical significance of the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benton Tullis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jess C Mace
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery/Oregon Sinus Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Robert Hagedorn
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cassidy Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ryan Stockard
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Conner Massey
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Vijay R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Indiana, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Daniel M Beswick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zachary M Soler
- Department of Otolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Timothy L Smith
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery/Oregon Sinus Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Amarbir S Gill
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Sultana D, Hoover S. Analysis of gasoline-related pollutant exposures and risks in California between 1996 and 2014. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2024; 34:518-528. [PMID: 38066330 PMCID: PMC11222143 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-023-00615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gasoline-powered vehicles and equipment are an important source of air pollution in California. Many gasoline-related pollutants pose significant health concerns. The California Air Resources Board strictly regulates the state's gasoline formulation and vehicle emissions. OBJECTIVE To investigate exposure trends for gasoline-related air pollutants between 1996 and 2014, capturing the period before and after the removal of methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE). METHODS We identified gasoline-related chemicals with known or suspected health concerns and adequate ambient air monitoring data. Average exposures to the general public were estimated from 1996 to 2014 in five major air basins and statewide. We determined the fractions of exposures attributable to gasoline use and evaluated cancer and non-cancer risks for chemicals with available cancer potencies and health reference values. RESULTS We found that average gasoline-attributable cancer risks for the general California population from the most highly emitted carcinogens (acetaldehyde, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde) declined by over 80% between 1996 and 2014. This decline occurred despite roughly constant statewide gasoline sales, an increase in vehicle miles traveled, and an approximately 10% increase in vehicle registrations over this same period. Naphthalene, measured as a volatile organic compound (VOC), was the most abundant gasoline-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). From 1996 to 2014, gasoline-attributable cancer risks for naphthalene were estimated to drop approximately threefold in the South Coast Air Basin. Exposures to gasoline-related chemicals associated with non-cancer health effects, such as chronic respiratory toxicity or neurotoxicity, were generally below levels of concern. The exception was acrolein, with gasoline-related exposures in 2014 estimated to be high enough to pose risks for respiratory toxicity. IMPACT STATEMENT Our historical analysis demonstrated the success of California's regulatory efforts to reduce gasoline-related air pollutant exposures and risks to the general public. New efforts are focused on addressing gasoline-related and other air pollution in heavily impacted communities affected by multiple environmental and social stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sultana
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Sara Hoover
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, USA
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Chen T, Shi S, Li X, Zhou L, Yu Y, Cai Y, Wang J, Kan H, Xu Y, Huang C, Tan Y, Meng X, Zhao Z. Improved ambient air quality is associated with decreased prevalence of childhood asthma and infancy shortly after weaning is a sensitive exposure window. Allergy 2024; 79:1166-1179. [PMID: 37458141 DOI: 10.1111/all.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The urban ambient air quality has been largely improved in the past decade. It is unknown whether childhood asthma prevalence is still increasing in ever top-ranking city of Shanghai, whether the improved air quality is beneficial for children's asthma and what time window of exposure plays critical roles. METHODS Using a repeat cross-sectional design, we analyzed the association between early life exposure to particles and wheezing/asthma in each individual and combined surveys in 2011 and 2019, respectively, in 11,825 preschool children in Shanghai. RESULTS A significantly lower prevalence of doctor-diagnosed asthma (DDA) (6.6% vs. 10.5%, p < 0.001) and wheezing (10.5% vs. 23.2%, p < 0.001) was observed in 2019 compared to 2011. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), coarse particles (PM2.5-10) and inhalable particles (PM10) was decreased in 2019 by 6.3%, 35.4%, and 44.7% in uterus and 24.3%, 20.2%, and 31.8% in infancy, respectively. Multilevel log-binomial regression analysis showed exposure in infancy had independent association with wheezing/DDA adjusting for exposure in uterus. For each interquartile range (IQR) increase of infancy PM2.5, PM2.5-10 and PM10 exposure, the odds ratios were 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-1.56), 1.51 (95% CI:1.15-1.98) and 1.53 (95% CI:1.27-1.85) for DDA, respectively. The distributed lag non-linear model showed the sensitive exposure window (SEW) was 5.5-11 months after birth. Stratified analysis showed the SEWs were at or shortly after weaning, but only in those with <6 months of exclusive breastfeeding. CONCLUSIONS Improved ambient PM benefits in decreasing childhood asthma prevalence. We firstly reported the finding of SEW to PM at or closely after weaning on childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Su Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongfu Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, and the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunfei Cai
- Department of General Management and Statistics, Shanghai Environment Monitoring Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health WMO/IGAC MAP-AQ Asian Office Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health WMO/IGAC MAP-AQ Asian Office Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huang
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chongming Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Meng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health WMO/IGAC MAP-AQ Asian Office Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, the Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Typhoon Institute/CMA, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health IRDR International Center of Excellence on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health WMO/IGAC MAP-AQ Asian Office Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee S, Sbihi H, MacIsaac JL, Balshaw R, Ambalavanan A, Subbarao P, Mandhane PJ, Moraes TJ, Turvey SE, Duan Q, Brauer M, Brook JR, Kobor MS, Jones MJ. Persistent DNA Methylation Changes across the First Year of Life and Prenatal NO2 Exposure in a Canadian Prospective Birth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:47004. [PMID: 38573328 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that prenatal air pollution exposure alters DNA methylation (DNAm), which could go on to affect long-term health. It remains unclear whether DNAm alterations present at birth persist through early life. Identifying persistent DNAm changes would provide greater insight into the molecular mechanisms contributing to the association of prenatal air pollution exposure with atopic diseases. OBJECTIVES This study investigated DNAm differences associated with prenatal nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) exposure (a surrogate measure of traffic-related air pollution) at birth and 1 y of age and examined their role in atopic disease. We focused on regions showing persistent DNAm differences from birth to 1 y of age and regions uniquely associated with postnatal NO 2 exposure. METHODS Microarrays measured DNAm at birth and at 1 y of age for an atopy-enriched subset of Canadian Health Infant Longitudinal Development (CHILD) study participants. Individual and regional DNAm differences associated with prenatal NO 2 (n = 128 ) were identified, and their persistence at age 1 y were investigated using linear mixed effects models (n = 124 ). Postnatal-specific DNAm differences (n = 125 ) were isolated, and their association with NO 2 in the first year of life was examined. Causal mediation investigated whether DNAm differences mediated associations between NO 2 and age 1 y atopy or wheeze. Analyses were repeated using biological sex-stratified data. RESULTS At birth (n = 128 ), 18 regions of DNAm were associated with NO 2 , with several annotated to HOX genes. Some of these regions were specifically identified in males (n = 73 ), but not females (n = 55 ). The effect of prenatal NO 2 across CpGs within altered regions persisted at 1 y of age. No significant mediation effects were identified. Sex-stratified analyses identified postnatal-specific DNAm alterations. DISCUSSION Regional cord blood DNAm differences associated with prenatal NO 2 persisted through at least the first year of life in CHILD participants. Some differences may represent sex-specific alterations, but replication in larger cohorts is needed. The early postnatal period remained a sensitive window to DNAm perturbations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13034.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Hind Sbihi
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert Balshaw
- Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Pediatrics & Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Piushkumar J Mandhane
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, USCI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Theo J Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics & Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stuart E Turvey
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Qingling Duan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Brauer
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Meaghan J Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Hagedorn R, Tullis B, Nguyen C, Stockard R, Mace JC, Ramakrishnan VR, Beswick DM, Soler ZM, Smith TL, Alt JA, Gill AS. Does air pollutant exposure impact disease severity or outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis? Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2024; 14:755-764. [PMID: 37555485 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor air quality increases the risk of developing chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and other airway diseases. However, there are limited data on air pollutants and CRS-specific disease severity. We assessed the impact of air pollutants on sinonasal-specific and general quality-of-life (QOL) measures in a multi-institutional cohort of patients with CRS. METHODS Participants with CRS were prospectively enrolled in a cross-sectional study and self-selected continued appropriate medical therapy or endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The 22-item SinoNasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) and Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short-Form 6-D (SF-6D) health utility value scores were recorded. Patient exposure to air pollutants was determined using residence zip codes. Unadjusted group differences were compared, and correlation coefficients were evaluated to identify the magnitude of bivariate association. RESULTS A total of 486 patients were enrolled and followed for a mean of 6.9 (standard deviation [SD] ± 2.3) months. Pollutant exposure did not significantly correlate with baseline SNOT-22 or SF-6D scores. Revision ESS was associated with higher median fine particulate matter (PM2.5; Δ = 0.12, [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.003, 0.234]; p = 0.006) compared with primary surgery. PM2.5, PM10, and nitrogen dioxide concentrations (μg/m3) did not correlate with change in total SNOT-22 or SF-6D scores after treatment. Nevertheless, sulfur dioxide (SNOT-22: ρ = -0.121 [95% CI: -0.210, -0.030]; p = 0.007; SF-6D: ρ = 0.095 [95% CI: 0.002, 0.186]; p = 0.04) and carbon monoxide (SNOT-22: ρ = -0.141 [95% CI: -0.230, 0.050]; p = 0.002) exposure did correlate with these outcome measures. CONCLUSION Air pollutants may contribute, at least in part, to disease severity in CRS; future investigation is needed to further elucidate the nature of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hagedorn
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Benton Tullis
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Cassidy Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ryan Stockard
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jess C Mace
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery/Oregon Sinus Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Vijay R Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Daniel M Beswick
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zachary M Soler
- Department of Otolaryngology -Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Timothy L Smith
- Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery/Oregon Sinus Center, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jeremiah A Alt
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Amarbir S Gill
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Sherris AR, Loftus CT, Szpiro AA, Dearborn LC, Hazlehurst MF, Carroll KN, Moore PE, Adgent MA, Barrett ES, Bush NR, Day DB, Kannan K, LeWinn KZ, Nguyen RHN, Ni Y, Riederer AM, Robinson M, Sathyanarayana S, Zhao Q, Karr CJ. Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and asthma at age 8-9 years in a multi-site longitudinal study. Environ Health 2024; 23:26. [PMID: 38454435 PMCID: PMC10921622 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Studies suggest prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may influence wheezing or asthma in preschool-aged children. However, the impact of prenatal PAH exposure on asthma and wheeze in middle childhood remain unclear. We investigated these associations in socio-demographically diverse participants from the ECHO PATHWAYS multi-cohort consortium. METHODS We included 1,081 birth parent-child dyads across five U.S. cities. Maternal urinary mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolite concentrations (OH-PAH) were measured during mid-pregnancy. Asthma at age 8-9 years and wheezing trajectory across childhood were characterized by caregiver reported asthma diagnosis and asthma/wheeze symptoms. We used logistic and multinomial regression to estimate odds ratios of asthma and childhood wheezing trajectories associated with five individual OH-PAHs, adjusting for urine specific gravity, various maternal and child characteristics, study site, prenatal and postnatal smoke exposure, and birth year and season in single metabolite and mutually adjusted models. We used multiplicative interaction terms to evaluate effect modification by child sex and explored OH-PAH mixture effects through Weighted Quantile Sum regression. RESULTS The prevalence of asthma in the study population was 10%. We found limited evidence of adverse associations between pregnancy OH-PAH concentrations and asthma or wheezing trajectories. We observed adverse associations between 1/9-hydroxyphenanthrene and asthma and persistent wheeze among girls, and evidence of inverse associations with asthma for 1-hydroxynathpthalene, which was stronger among boys, though tests for effect modification by child sex were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS In a large, multi-site cohort, we did not find strong evidence of an association between prenatal exposure to PAHs and child asthma at age 8-9 years, though some adverse associations were observed among girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison R Sherris
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US.
| | - Christine T Loftus
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US
| | - Adam A Szpiro
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, US
| | - Logan C Dearborn
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US
| | - Marnie F Hazlehurst
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US
| | | | - Paul E Moore
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, US
| | | | - Emily S Barrett
- Rutgers University School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, US
| | | | - Drew B Day
- Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, US
| | | | | | | | - Yu Ni
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, US
| | - Anne M Riederer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US
| | | | | | - Qi Zhao
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, US
| | - Catherine J Karr
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington4225, Roosevelt Way NE, Suite 300, Seattle, WA, 98105, US
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Lu C, Wang L, Jiang Y, Lan M, Wang F. Preconceptional, pregnant, and postnatal exposure to outdoor air pollution and indoor environmental factors: Effects on childhood parasitic infections. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169234. [PMID: 38101631 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parasitic infections (PIs) are common and pose substantial health hazards in children globally, but the fundamental environmental variables exposure during crucial time window(s) are unclear. OBJECTIVES To identify key indoor and outdoor environmental factors leading to childhood PIs throughout critical time window(s). METHODS A combined cross-sectional and retrospective cohort study was performed on 8689 children residing in Changsha, China. Data was acquired pertaining to the health status and environmental exposure of the children in their homes. Personal exposure to outdoor air pollutants at the residential address during the preconceptional, perinatal, and postnatal periods was computed using data from ten air quality monitoring stations. An analysis of the relationships between childhood PIs and both indoor and outdoor factors was conducted using a multiple logistic regression model. RESULTS Childhood PIs were associated with outdoor CO and ozone (O3) exposure during the 10th-12th months prior to pregnancy, with ORs (95 % CI) of 1.68 (1.24-2.27) and 1.60 (1.15-2.22), respectively; childhood PIs were also associated with CO exposure during one year prior to pregnancy and the first trimester in utero [ORs = 1.57 (1.14-2.15) and 1.52 (1.17-1.97)]. Childhood PIs were found to be associated with PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy and the first year, with odds ratios of 1.51 (1.14-2.00) and 1.95 (1.22-3.12) per IQR increase in pollutant exposure, respectively. Exposures to smoke, renovation-related indoor air pollution (IAP), dampness and plant-related indoor allergens in the early life and past year were all associated with childhood PI, with odds ratios (95 % CI) ranging from 1.40 (1.01-1.95) for environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) during pregnancy to 1.63 (1.12-2.37) for mold/damp stains in the past year. In terms of PI risk, the early life and present periods were critical time windows for outdoor and indoor exposures, respectively. Certain individuals were more vulnerable to the PI risk associated with both indoor and outdoor exposures. Antibiotic use during child's lifetime and early years increased and decreased the PI risk of exposure to outdoor and indoor environments, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to outdoor air pollution in early life and indoor environments in the past year were found to be associated with childhood PI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengju Lan
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Faming Wang
- Division of Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu K, Zhu N, Pang J, Qian X, Li H, Liu X. Inflammatory response in mouse lungs to haze episodes under different backgrounds of particulate matter exposure. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21616. [PMID: 38062061 PMCID: PMC10703782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) toxicity has mostly been investigated through in vitro exposure or tracheal infusion in animal models. However, given the complexity of ambient conditions, most animal studies do not mimic real-life PM exposure. In this work, we established a novel integrated exposure model to study the dynamic inflammatory response and defense strategies in ambient PM-exposed mice. Three groups of male C57BL/6 mice were kept in three chambers with pre-exposure to filtered air (FA), unfiltered air (UFA), or the air with a low PM concentration (PM2.5 ≤ 75 μg/m3) (LPM), respectively, for 37 days. Then all three groups of mice were exposed to haze challenge for 3 days, followed by exposure in filtered air for 7 days to allow recovery. Our results suggest that following a haze challenge, the defense strategies of mice of filtered air (FA) and low PM (LPM) groups comprised a form of "counterattack", whereas the response of the unfiltered air (UFA) group could be viewed as a "silence". While the latter strategy protected the lung tissues of mice from acute inflammatory damage, it also foreshadowed the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. These findings contribute to explaining previously documented PM-associated pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhang Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuteng Zhang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ningning Zhu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock-salt Resource, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Jianfeng Pang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock-salt Resource, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China
| | - Xin Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuemei Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Deep Utilization Technology of Rock-salt Resource, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, China.
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9
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Zhang B, Xia Z, Jiang X, Yuan Y, Yin C, Chen T. Indoor environment in relation to recurrent childhood asthma in Yancheng, China: a hospital-based case-control study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:102212-102221. [PMID: 37665446 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
This investigation explored the association between indoor environmental factors and childhood asthma in Yancheng, China. Asthma case (201 children with recurrent asthma) and control cohorts (242 healthy subjects) were recruited from a Traditional Chinese Medical (TCM) Hospital in Yancheng city, based on the results of an ISAAC questionnaire. Questionnaires regarding environmental risk factors were completed by the child's primary caregivers. To compare data on environmental VOCs and formaldehyde contents between asthma and control cohorts, we passively conducted a 10-day indoor and outdoor sampling. Breastfeeding was a major protective indoor environmental factor for recurrent asthma (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.368, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.216-0.627). Our analysis revealed that childhood recurrent asthma was intricately linked to a family history of asthma. Recurrent asthma was also associated with passive smoking [aOR2.115 (95%-CI 1.275-3.508)]. Analogous correlations were observed between household renovation or new furniture introduction and recurrent asthma [aOR3.129(95%-CI1.542-6.347)]. Benzene and formaldehyde were present in all examined homes. Enhanced benzene and formaldehyde concentrations were strongly evident among asthma versus control cohorts, and they were strongly correlated with augmented recurrent asthma risk. Home environment heavily regulates incidences of childhood recurrent asthma. Hence, actions against the indoor environmental risk factors described in this study may assist in the prevention of recurrent asthma among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Zhang
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, P.O. Box No. 211 Jianjun Road, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhibin Xia
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, P.O. Box No. 211 Jianjun Road, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, P.O. Box No. 211 Jianjun Road, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Environmental Protection Equipment, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- Yancheng Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yancheng, 224001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuntao Yin
- Jiangsu Huanghai Ecological Environment Detection CO., Ltd., Jiangsu, 224008, China
| | - Tianming Chen
- Yancheng Institute of Technology, P.O. Box No. 211 Jianjun Road, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China.
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Environmental Protection Equipment, Yancheng, 224051, Jiangsu Province, China.
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10
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Zhang Y, Yin X, Zheng X. The relationship between PM2.5 and the onset and exacerbation of childhood asthma: a short communication. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1191852. [PMID: 37593445 PMCID: PMC10429171 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1191852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Much is known about the link between air pollution and asthma in adults, particularly fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Studies have found that certain levels of fine PM2.5 can increase airway responsiveness and worsen asthma. PM2.5 may play a role in the onset and exacerbation of childhood asthma. However, there is little in the literature on how PM2.5 affects asthma attacks and exacerbations in children. Asthma is a common chronic disease in children, and air pollution can aggravate it. The effect of PM2.5 on childhood asthma needs further research. By evaluating, reviewing, and collating existing results in this area, this paper aims to explore the relationship between PM2.5 and asthma onset and exacerbation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xixi Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangrong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Sherris AR, Loftus CT, Szpiro AA, Dearborn L, Hazlehurst MF, Carroll KN, Moore PE, Adgent MA, Barrett ES, Bush NR, Day DB, Kannan K, LeWinn KZ, Nguyen RHN, Ni Y, Riederer AM, Robinson M, Sathyanarayana S, Zhao Q, Karr CJ. Prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and asthma at age 8-9 years in a multi-site longitudinal study. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3129552. [PMID: 37503063 PMCID: PMC10371133 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3129552/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim Studies suggest prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may influence wheezing or asthma in preschool-aged children. However, the impact of prenatal PAH exposure on asthma and wheeze in middle childhood remain unclear. We investigated these associations in diverse participants from the ECHO PATHWAYS multi-cohort consortium. Methods We included 1,081 birth parent-child dyads across five U.S. cities. Maternal urinary mono-hydroxylated PAH metabolite concentrations (OH-PAH) were measured during mid-pregnancy. Asthma at age 8-9 years and wheezing trajectory across childhood were characterized by caregiver reported asthma diagnosis and asthma/wheeze symptoms. We used logistic and multinomial regression to estimate odds ratios of asthma and childhood wheezing trajectories associated with five individual OH-PAHs, adjusting for urine specific gravity, various maternal and child characteristics, study site, prenatal and postnatal smoke exposure, and birth year and season in single metabolite and mutually adjusted models. We used multiplicative interaction terms to evaluate effect modification by child sex and explored OH-PAH mixture effects through Weighted Quantile Sum regression. Results The prevalence of asthma in the study population was 10%. We found limited evidence of adverse associations between pregnancy OH-PAH concentrations and asthma or wheezing trajectories. We observed adverse associations between 1/9-hydroxyphenanthrene and asthma and persistent wheeze among girls, and evidence of inverse associations with asthma for 1-hydroxynathpthalene, which was stronger among boys, though tests for effect modification by child sex were not statistically. Conclusions In a large, multi-site cohort, we did not find strong evidence of an association between prenatal exposure to PAHs and child asthma at age 8-9 years, though some adverse associations were observed among girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qi Zhao
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center
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12
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Wu C, Zhang Y, Wei J, Zhao Z, Norbäck D, Zhang X, Lu C, Yu W, Wang T, Zheng X, Zhang L. Associations of Early-Life Exposure to Submicron Particulate Matter With Childhood Asthma and Wheeze in China. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2236003. [PMID: 36219442 PMCID: PMC9554703 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.36003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with childhood asthma and wheeze. However, the specific associations between asthma and PM with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter of 1 μm or less (ie, PM1), which is a contributor to PM2.5 and potentially more toxic than PM2.5, remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of early-life (prenatal and first year) exposure to size-segregated PM, including PM1, PM1-2.5, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10, with childhood asthma and wheeze. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional study was based on a questionnaire administered between June 2019 and June 2020 to caregivers of children aged 3 to 6 years in 7 Chinese cities (Wuhan, Changsha, Taiyuan, Nanjing, Shanghai, Chongqing, and Urumqi) as the second phase of the China, Children, Homes, Health study. EXPOSURES Exposure to PM1, PM1-2.5, PM2.5, PM2.5-10, and PM10 during the prenatal period and first year of life. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcomes were caregiver-reported childhood asthma and wheeze. A machine learning-based space-time model was applied to estimate early-life PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 exposure at 1 × 1-km resolution. Concentrations of PM1-2.5 and PM2.5-10 were calculated by subtracting PM1 from PM2.5 and PM2.5 from PM10, respectively. Multilevel (city and child) logistic regression models were applied to assess associations. RESULTS Of 29 418 children whose caregivers completed the survey (15 320 boys [52.1%]; mean [SD] age, 4.9 [0.9] years), 2524 (8.6%) ever had wheeze and 1161 (3.9%) were diagnosed with asthma. Among all children, 18 514 (62.9%) were breastfed for more than 6 months and 787 (2.7%) had parental history of atopy. A total of 22 250 children (75.6%) had a mother with an educational level of university or above. Of the 25 422 children for whom information about cigarette smoking exposure was collected, 576 (2.3%) had a mother who was a current or former smoker during pregnancy and 7525 (29.7%) had passive household cigarette smoke exposure in early life. Early-life PM1, PM2.5, and PM10 exposure were significantly associated with increased risk of childhood asthma, with higher estimates per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM1 (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.27-1.89) than in PM2.5 (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.03-1.26) and PM10 (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20). No association was observed between asthma and PM1-2.5 exposure, suggesting that PM1 rather than PM1-2.5 contributed to the association between PM2.5 and childhood asthma. There were significant associations between childhood wheeze and early-life PM1 exposure (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.07-1.41) and PM2.5 exposure (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01-1.16) per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM1 and PM2.5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cross-sectional study, higher estimates were observed for the association between PM with smaller particles, such as PM1, vs PM with larger particles and childhood asthma. The results suggest that the association between PM2.5 and childhood asthma was mainly attributable to PM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuansha Wu
- Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xin Zhang
- Research Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chan Lu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Yin Z, Zhou P, Zhang L, Zhao Z, Norbäck D, Zhang X, Lu C, Yu W, Wang T, Zheng X, Zhang L, Zhang Y. Early-life exposure to PM 2.5 constituents and childhood asthma and wheezing: Findings from China, Children, Homes, Health study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 165:107297. [PMID: 35709580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that early-life (in-utero and first-year since birth) exposure to ambient PM2.5 is a risk factor for asthma onset and exacerbation among children, while the hazards caused by PM2.5 compositions remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine potential associations of early-life exposures to PM2.5 mass and its major chemical constituents with childhood asthma and wheezing. METHODS By conducting the Phase II of the China, Children, Homes, Health study, we investigated 30,325 preschool children aged 3-6 years during 2019-2020 in mainland China. Early-life exposure to PM2.5 mass and its constituents (i.e., black carbon [BC], organic matter [OM], nitrate, ammonium, sulfate) were calculated based on monthly estimates at a 1 km × 1 km resolution from satellite-based models. We adopted a novel quantile-based g-computation approach to assess the effect of a mixture of PM2.5 constituents on childhood asthma/wheezing. RESULTS The average PM2.5 concentrations during in-utero and the first year since birth were 64.7 ± 10.6 and 61.8 ± 10.5 µg/m3, respectively. Early-life exposures to a mixture of major PM2.5 constituents were significantly associated with increased risks of asthma and wheezing, while no evident compositions-wheezing associations were found in the first year. Each quintile increases in all five PM2.5 components exposures in utero was accordingly associated with an odds ratio of 1.18 [95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.29] for asthma and 1.08 [1.01-1.16] for wheezing. BC, OM and SO42- contributed more to risks of asthma and wheezing than the other PM2.5 constituents during early life, wherein the effects of BC were only observed during pregnancy. Sex subgroup analyses suggested stronger associations among girls of first-year exposures to PM2.5 components with childhood asthma. CONCLUSION Early-life exposures to ambient PM2.5, particularly compositions of BC, OM and SO42-, are associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhouxin Yin
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peixuan Zhou
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liansheng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuohui Zhao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xin Zhang
- Research Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chan Lu
- Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Yu
- School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China.
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14
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Juskiene I, Prokopciuk N, Franck U, Valiulis A, Valskys V, Mesceriakova V, Kvedariene V, Valiulyte I, Poluzioroviene E, Sauliene I, Valiulis A. Indoor air pollution effects on pediatric asthma are submicron aerosol particle-dependent. Eur J Pediatr 2022; 181:2469-2480. [PMID: 35312840 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-022-04443-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The school environment is crucial for the child's health and well-being. On the other hand, the data about the role of school's aerosol pollution on the etiology of chronic non-communicable diseases remain scarce. This study aims to evaluate the level of indoor aerosol pollution in primary schools and its relation to the incidence of doctor's diagnosed asthma among younger school-age children. The cross-sectional study was carried out in 11 primary schools of Vilnius during 1 year of education from autumn 2017 to spring 2018. Particle number (PNC) and mass (PMC) concentrations in the size range of 0.3-10 µm were measured using an Optical Particle Sizer (OPS, TSI model 3330). The annual incidence of doctor's diagnosed asthma in each school was calculated retrospectively from the data of medical records. The total number of 6-11 years old children who participated in the study was 3638. The incidence of asthma per school ranged from 1.8 to 6.0%. Mean indoor air pollution based on measurements in classrooms during the lessons was calculated for each school. Levels of PNC and PMC in schools ranged between 33.0 and 168.0 particles/cm3 and 1.7-6.8 µg/m3, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between the incidence of asthma and PNC as well as asthma and PMC in the particle size range of 0.3-1 µm (r = 0.66, p = 0.028) and (r = 0.71, p = 0.017) respectively. No significant correlation was found between asthma incidence and indoor air pollution in the particle size range of 0.3-2.5 and 0.3-10 µm. Conclusion: We concluded that the number and mass concentrations of indoor air aerosol pollution in primary schools in the particle size range of 0.3-1 µm are primarily associated with the incidence of doctor's diagnosed asthma among younger school-age children. What is Known: • Both indoor and outdoor aerosol pollution is associated with bronchial asthma in children. What is New: • The incidence of bronchial asthma among younger school age children is related to indoor air quality in primary schools. • Aerosol pollutants in the size range of 0.3-1 µm in contrast to larger size range particles can play major role in the etiology of bronchial asthma in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabele Juskiene
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Antakalnio Str. 57, Vilnius, LT-10207, Lithuania
| | - Nina Prokopciuk
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Antakalnio Str. 57, Vilnius, LT-10207, Lithuania. .,Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ulrich Franck
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Algirdas Valiulis
- Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaidotas Valskys
- Center of Life Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Violeta Kvedariene
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Clinic of Chest Diseases and Allergology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indre Valiulyte
- Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Kantonsspital Thurgau, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | - Edita Poluzioroviene
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Antakalnio Str. 57, Vilnius, LT-10207, Lithuania
| | | | - Arunas Valiulis
- Clinic of Children's Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Antakalnio Str. 57, Vilnius, LT-10207, Lithuania.,Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Vilnius University Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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15
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Chen G, Zhou H, He G, Zhu S, Sun X, Ye Y, Chen H, Xiao J, Hu J, Zeng F, Yang P, Gao Y, He Z, Wang J, Cao G, Chen Y, Feng H, Ma W, Liu C, Liu T. Effect of early-life exposure to PM 2.5 on childhood asthma/wheezing: a birth cohort study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33. [PMID: 35754133 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although studies have investigated the association between early-life exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) and childhood asthma/wheezing, results are inconsistent and the susceptible exposure window remains largely unknown. METHODS A prospective birth cohort study was conducted to recruit pregnant women during their early pregnancy, and to follow up them and their children up to 3-4 years old. Diagnosis of asthma/wheezing was extracted from children's medical records. A spatiotemporal land-use regression (ST-LUR) model was used to assess maternal exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy and their children's exposure after birth. The Cox proportional hazards model and accelerated failure time model (for violation of proportional hazards assumption) were applied to estimate the effects of prenatal and postnatal exposures to PM2.5 on the risk of childhood asthma/wheezing. RESULTS A total of 3725 children were included, and 392 children (10.52%) were diagnosed with asthma/wheezing. Both prenatal and postnatal exposures to PM2.5 were positively associated with the risk of asthma/wheezing. Each interquartile range (IQR) increment in PM2.5 exposure during the entire pregnancy (4.8 μg/m3 ) and the period from birth to the end of follow-up (1.5 μg/m3 ) was associated with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of 1.44 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13, 1.85] and 2.74 (95% CI: 2.59, 2.91), respectively. Subgroup analyses showed greater HRs for PM2.5 exposures during the pseudoglandular stage (6-16 gestational weeks [GWs]: IQR = 4.8 μg/m3 , HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.18) and canalicular stage (16-24 GWs: IQR = 4.8 μg/m3 , HR = 1.13, 95% CI:1.03, 1.23) than other stages, and also showed significant effects in the first three-year period after birth (IQR = 1.5 μg/m3 , HR = 2.37, 95% CI: =2.24, 2.51). CONCLUSION Higher prenatal and postnatal PM2.5 exposures may increase the risk of childhood asthma/wheezing. The pseudoglandular stage, canalicular stage, and the first three years after birth may be key susceptible to exposure windows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guimin Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanhao He
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Gynecology Department, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Ye
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Chen
- Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianxiong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongrong He
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ganxiang Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yumeng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou, China.,School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Ma
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Disease Control and Prevention Institute of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Forno E, Brandenburg DD, Castro-Rodriguez JA, Celis-Preciado CA, Holguin F, Licskai C, Lovinsky-Desir S, Pizzichini M, Teper A, Yang C, Celedón JC. Asthma in the Americas: An Update: A Joint Perspective from the Brazilian Thoracic Society, Canadian Thoracic Society, Latin American Thoracic Society, and American Thoracic Society. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2022; 19:525-535. [PMID: 35030062 PMCID: PMC8996271 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202109-1068cme] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma affects a large number of people living in the Americas, a vast and diverse geographic region comprising 35 nations in the Caribbean and North, Central, and South America. The marked variability in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality from asthma across and within nations in the Americas offers a unique opportunity to improve our understanding of the risk factors and management of asthma phenotypes and endotypes in children and adults. Moreover, a better assessment of the causes and treatment of asthma in less economically developed regions in the Americas would help diagnose and treat individuals migrating from those areas to Canada and the United States. In this focused review, we first assess the epidemiology of asthma, review known and potential risk factors, and examine commonalities and differences in asthma management across the Americas. We then discuss future directions in research and health policies to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and management of pediatric and adult asthma in the Americas, including standardized and periodic assessment of asthma burden across the region; large-scale longitudinal studies including omics and comprehensive environmental data on racially and ethnically diverse populations; and dissemination and implementation of guidelines for asthma management across the spectrum of disease severity. New initiatives should recognize differences in socioeconomic development and health care systems across the region while paying particular attention to novel or more impactful risk factors for asthma in the Americas, including indoor pollutants such as biomass fuel, tobacco use, infectious agents and the microbiome, and psychosocial stressor and chronic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Forno
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Pediatric Asthma Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Diego D. Brandenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jose A. Castro-Rodriguez
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos A. Celis-Preciado
- Pulmonary Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio and Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Fernando Holguin
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Christopher Licskai
- Department of Medicine, Western University Canada, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Marcia Pizzichini
- Post-Graduate Program of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Teper
- Respiratory Center, Hospital de Niños Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; and
| | - Connie Yang
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Juan C. Celedón
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Pediatric Asthma Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Clemons R, Kong M, Jawad K, Feygin Y, Caperell K. The Impact of Converting a Power Plant from Coal to Natural Gas on Pediatric Acute Asthma. J Asthma 2022; 59:2441-2448. [PMID: 35038390 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2021.2022159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Air pollutants play a pivotal role in the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms. As cleaner air initiatives are increasingly being implemented, it is important to appraise how these changes relate to acute pediatric asthma. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a Gas and Electric Company's transition from using coal to natural gas as their fuel source on pediatric asthma-related illnesses in Louisville, KY.Methods: Data were collected for children 2-17 years old from a large regional healthcare system, for which an asthma-related primary diagnosis was present between April 1, 2013 and April 1, 2018. Using an interrupted time series design, we analyzed monthly rates of asthma-related visits to urgent care (UC) and emergency departments (ED). Segmented Poisson regression models were used to assess whether the power company's transition was associated with changes in trends of asthma-related visits.Results: There were a total of 7,735 subjects who met inclusion criteria. Prior to the complete factory transition from coal to natural gas, the mean monthly rate for asthma-related visits was 163.9. After the transition, we observed a significant decrease to a mean monthly rate of 100.3 asthma-related visits (p < 0.001). In addition, the proportion of inpatient (23.7% vs. 30.5%, p < 0.001) visits significantly increased, while ED & UC (76.3 vs. 69.5%, p < 0.001) were significantly decreased.Conclusion: Converting an electrical power plant from coal to natural gas lead to a profound and sustained decrease in pediatric acute asthma exacerbation in Louisville, KY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Clemons
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, United States
| | - Maiying Kong
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, United States
| | - Kahir Jawad
- School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, United States
| | - Yana Feygin
- School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, United States
| | - Kerry Caperell
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, United States
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18
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Filigrana P, Milando C, Batterman S, Levy JI, Mukherjee B, Pedde M, Szpiro AA, Adar SD. Exposure to Primary Air Pollutants Generated by Highway Traffic and Daily Mortality Risk in Near-Road Communities: A Case-Crossover Study. Am J Epidemiol 2022; 191:63-74. [PMID: 34347034 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwab215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most epidemiologic studies fail to capture the impact of spatiotemporal fluctuations in traffic on exposure to traffic-related air pollutants in the near-road population. Using a case-crossover design and the Research LINE source (R-LINE) dispersion model with spatiotemporally resolved highway traffic data, we quantified associations between primary pollutants generated by highway traffic-particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and black carbon (BC)-and daily nonaccidental, respiratory, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular mortality among persons who had resided within 1 km (0.6 mile) of major highways in the Puget Sound area of Washington State between 2009 and 2013. We estimated these associations using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for time-varying covariates. Although highly resolved modeled concentrations of PM2.5, NOx, and BC from highway traffic in the hours before death were used, we found no evidence of an association between mortality and the preceding 24-hour average PM2.5 exposure (odds ratio = 0.99, 95% confidence interval: 0.96, 1.02) or exposure during shorter averaging periods. This work did not support the hypothesis that mortality risk was meaningfully higher with greater exposures to PM2.5, NOx, and BC from highways in near-road populations, though we did incorporate a novel approach to estimate exposure to traffic-generated air pollution based on detailed traffic congestion data.
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Bozigar M, Lawson AB, Pearce JL, Svendsen ER, Vena JE. Using Bayesian time-stratified case-crossover models to examine associations between air pollution and "asthma seasons" in a low air pollution environment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260264. [PMID: 34879071 PMCID: PMC8654232 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many areas of the United States have air pollution levels typically below Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulatory limits. Most health effects studies of air pollution use meteorological (e.g., warm/cool) or astronomical (e.g., solstice/equinox) definitions of seasons despite evidence suggesting temporally-misaligned intra-annual periods of relative asthma burden (i.e., “asthma seasons”). We introduce asthma seasons to elucidate whether air pollutants are associated with seasonal differences in asthma emergency department (ED) visits in a low air pollution environment. Within a Bayesian time-stratified case-crossover framework, we quantify seasonal associations between highly resolved estimates of six criteria air pollutants, two weather variables, and asthma ED visits among 66,092 children ages 5–19 living in South Carolina (SC) census tracts from 2005 to 2014. Results show that coarse particulates (particulate matter <10 μm and >2.5 μm: PM10-2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) may contribute to asthma ED visits across years, but are particularly implicated in the highest-burden fall asthma season. Fine particulate matter (<2.5 μm: PM2.5) is only associated in the lowest-burden summer asthma season. Relatively cool and dry conditions in the summer asthma season and increased temperatures in the spring and fall asthma seasons are associated with increased ED visit odds. Few significant associations in the medium-burden winter and medium-high-burden spring asthma seasons suggest other ED visit drivers (e.g., viral infections) for each, respectively. Across rural and urban areas characterized by generally low air pollution levels, there are acute health effects associated with particulate matter, but only in the summer and fall asthma seasons and differing by PM size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bozigar
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Andrew B. Lawson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John L. Pearce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erik R. Svendsen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - John E. Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America
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20
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Bai H, Capitanio JP, Miller LA, Clougherty JE. Social status and susceptibility to wildfire smoke among outdoor-housed female rhesus monkeys: A natural experiment. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08333. [PMID: 34816037 PMCID: PMC8591456 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Wildfire smoke (WFS) exposure is a growing threat to human health, and lower socioeconomic position (SEP) has been shown to increase pollution susceptibility. Studies of SEP-related susceptibility, however, are often compromised due to spatial confounding between lower-SEP and pollution. Here we examine outdoor-housed nonhuman primates, living in natural social hierarchy in a common location, born during years of high vs. low WFS, to examine the separate and combined effects of WFS and social rank, an analog to SEP, on lung and immune function. Methods Twenty-one females were born during extreme WFS events in summer 2008; 22 were born in summer 2009, during low WFS. Pulmonary function and circulating cytokines were measured three years later, in adolescence. We estimated fine particulate (PM2.5) and ozone exposures during each animal's first 90 days and three years of age using regulatory data. Early-life social status was estimated using maternal rank at birth, as rank in females is relatively stable throughout life, and closely approximates mother's rank. We tested associations among WFS exposure, rank, and endpoints using linear regression and ANOVA. Results Higher WFS exposure in infancy was, on average, associated with lower functional residual capacity (FRC), residual volume (RV), tissue compliance (Ct), and IL-8 secretion in adolescence. Higher social rank conferred significantly higher expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and functional residual capacity (FRC) solely among those born in the high-WFS year (2008). Differences in effects of rank between years were not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Conclusions Exposure to WFS in infancy generally conferred lower adolescent respiratory volumes and inflammatory cytokines. Higher rank conferred higher respiratory volumes only among females born during WFS, suggesting the possibility that the health benefits of rank may be more apparent under environmental challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Bai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John P Capitanio
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lisa A Miller
- California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jane E Clougherty
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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21
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Cook Q, Argenio K, Lovinsky-Desir S. The impact of environmental injustice and social determinants of health on the role of air pollution in asthma and allergic disease in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:1089-1101.e5. [PMID: 34743831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is clear evidence that exposure to environmental air pollution is associated with immune dysregulation, asthma, and other allergic diseases. However, the burden of air pollution exposure is not equally distributed across the United States. Many social and environmental factors place communities of color and people who are in poverty at increased risk of exposure to pollution and morbidity from asthma and allergies. Here, we review the evidence that supports the relationship between air pollution and asthma, while considering the social determinants of health that contribute to disparities in exposures and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quindelyn Cook
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Kira Argenio
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Stephanie Lovinsky-Desir
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
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22
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Associations of Exposure to Nitrogen Oxides with Prevalent Asthma and Other Atopic Diseases in Israel. ENVIRONMENTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/environments8100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Childhood exposure to nitrogen oxides (NOx) is considered a risk factor for the onset of asthma. However, associations of this exposure with other atopic diseases and factors that modify this association are less clear. We aimed to study associations between exposure to NOx and the prevalence of atopic diseases in Israeli adolescents using a cross-sectional design. The study population comprised all Israeli-born adolescents whose medical status was evaluated for mandatory military recruitment during 1967–2017 (n = 2,523,745), of whom 5.9% had prevalent asthma. We based the exposure assessments on a land-use regression model and estimated associations using multivariable logistic regression models. Across all periods, mean exposure to NOx from birth to adolescence was associated with prevalent asthma at the examination in a dose-response manner, with an odds ratio for the upper quintile of 1.61 (95% CI: 1.56–1.67), in comparison to the lowest quintile. Associations were stronger in males and in lower socioeconomic strata. We found the strongest associations for asthma with comorbid rhinitis, with an almost twofold increase in the odds of upper versus lower quintile of exposure (odds ratio = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.82–2.11). Rhino-conjunctivitis and allergic atopic dermatitis suggested a possible threshold level with NOx. Capsule Summary: Research indicates that half of the global population will suffer from an allergic condition at some point in life. Childhood exposure to nitrogen oxides is a risk factor for the onset of asthma. The association between exposure and allergic diseases other than asthma is unclear. We demonstrate a strong, dose-response relationship between exposure and a group of allergic outcomes, using data comprising 2.5 million subjects over 50 years. The large health benefits from clean air should motivate governments to prioritize mitigation measures.
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23
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de Ferreyro Monticelli D, Santos JM, Goulart EV, Mill JG, Kumar P, Reis NC. A review on the role of dispersion and receptor models in asthma research. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 287:117529. [PMID: 34186501 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is substantial evidence that air pollution exposure is associated with asthma prevalence that affects millions of people worldwide. Air pollutant exposure can be determined using dispersion models and refined with receptor models. Dispersion models offer the advantage of giving spatially distributed outdoor pollutants concentration while the receptor models offer the source apportionment of specific chemical species. However, the use of dispersion and/or receptor models in asthma research requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving experts on air quality and respiratory diseases. Here, we provide a literature review on the role of dispersion and receptor models in air pollution and asthma research, their limitations, gaps and the way forward. We found that the methodologies used to incorporate atmospheric dispersion and receptor models in human health studies may vary considerably, and several of the studies overlook features such as indoor air pollution, model validation and subject pathway between indoor spaces. Studies also show contrasting results of relative risk or odds ratio for a health outcome, even using similar methodologies. Dispersion models are mostly used to estimate air pollution levels outside the subject's home, school or workplace; however, very few studies addressed the subject's routines or indoor/outdoor relationships. Conversely, receptor models are employed in regions where asthma incidence/prevalence is high or where a dispersion model has been previously used for this assessment. Road traffic (vehicle exhaust) and NOx are found to be the most targeted source and pollutant, respectively. Other key findings were the absence of a standard indicator, shortage of studies addressing VOC and UFP, and the shift toward chemical speciation of exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi de Ferreyro Monticelli
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Jane Meri Santos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Elisa Valentim Goulart
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Neyval Costa Reis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espirito Santo, Brazil
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Abstract
The adverse effects of polluted air on human health have been increasingly appreciated worldwide. It is estimated that outdoor air pollution is associated with the death of 4.2 million people globally each year. Accumulating epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5), one of the important air pollutants, significantly contributes to respiratory mortality and morbidity. PM2.5 causes lung damage mainly by inducing inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In this paper, we reviewed the research results of our group on the effects of PM2.5 on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and lung cancer. And recent research progress on epidemiological studies and potential mechanisms were also discussed. Reducing air pollution, although remaining a major challenge, is the best and most effective way to prevent the onset and progression of respiratory diseases.
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25
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Bettiol A, Gelain E, Milanesio E, Asta F, Rusconi F. The first 1000 days of life: traffic-related air pollution and development of wheezing and asthma in childhood. A systematic review of birth cohort studies. Environ Health 2021; 20:46. [PMID: 33865406 PMCID: PMC8053261 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00728-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first 1000 days of life -including pregnancy and the first 2 years after birth- represent a critical window for health interventions. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence on the relationship between traffic-related air pollutants exposure in the first 1000 days of life and the development of wheezing and asthma, with a particular focus on windows of exposure. METHODS Medline and Embase were searched from January 2000 to May 2020 to retrieve population-based birth-cohort studies, including registries, providing quantitative information on the association between exposure to traffic-related air pollutants during pregnancy or early life, and the risk of developing wheezing and asthma in childhood. Screening and selection of the articles were completed independently by three reviewers. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Out of 9681 records retrieved, 26 studies from 21 cohorts were included. The most common traffic-related air pollutant markers were particulate matter (PM) and nitric oxides (NOx). The variability in terms of pollutants, exposure assessment methods, and exposure levels chosen to present the results did not allow a meta-analysis. Exposure to PM and NOx in pregnancy (10 cohorts) was consistently associated with an increased risk of asthma development, while the association with wheezing development was unclear. The second trimester of pregnancy seemed to be particularly critical for asthma risk. As for exposure during early life (15 cohorts), most studies found a positive association between PM (7/10 studies) and NOx (11/13 studies) and the risk of asthma development, while the risk of wheezing development was controversial. The period of postnatal exposure, however, was less precisely defined and a partial overlap between the period of exposure measurement and that of outcome development was present in a consistent number of studies (14 out of 15) raising doubts on the associations found. CONCLUSIONS Traffic-related air pollution during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of asthma development among children and adolescents. The relationship between exposure in the first two years of life and the development of wheezing and asthma needs to be confirmed in studies with more precise exposure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Bettiol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Gelain
- Coordinating Centre for Paediatric Rare Diseases, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Federica Asta
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Franca Rusconi
- Unit of Epidemiology, Meyer Children’s University Hospital, Viale Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy
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Radhakrishnan D, Bota SE, Price A, Ouédraogo A, Husein M, Clemens KK, Shariff SZ. Comparison of childhood asthma incidence in 3 neighbouring cities in southwestern Ontario: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study. CMAJ Open 2021; 9:E433-E442. [PMID: 33947701 PMCID: PMC8101639 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a known trigger for exacerbations among individuals with asthma, but its role in the development of new-onset asthma is unclear. We compared the rate of new asthma cases in Sarnia, a city with high pollution levels, with the rates in 2 neighbouring regions in southwestern Ontario, Canada. METHODS Using a population-based birth cohort design and linked health administrative data, we compared the hazard of incident asthma among children 0 to 10 years of age between those born in Lambton (Sarnia) and those born in Windsor and London-Middlesex, for the period Apr. 1, 1993, to Mar. 31, 2009. We used Cox proportional hazards models to adjust for year of birth and exposure to air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide [SO2], ozone and small particulate matter [PM2.5]), as well as maternal, geographic and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS Among 114 427 children, the highest incidence of asthma was in Lambton, followed by Windsor and London-Middlesex (30.3, 24.4 and 19.8 per 1000 person-years, respectively; p < 0.001). Relative to Lambton, the hazard of asthma, adjusted for socioeconomic and perinatal factors, was lower in Windsor (hazard ratio [HR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-0.77) and London-Middlesex (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.61-0.69). Inclusion of air pollutants attenuated this relative difference in both Windsor (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-1.01) and London-Middlesex (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.64-1.24). INTERPRETATION We identified a higher incidence of asthma among children born in Lambton (Sarnia) relative to 2 other regions in southwestern Ontario. Higher levels of air pollution (particularly SO2 and PM2.5) in this region, as experienced by children in their first year of life, may be contributory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhenuka Radhakrishnan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont.
| | - Sarah E Bota
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - April Price
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Alexandra Ouédraogo
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Murad Husein
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Kristin K Clemens
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Salimah Z Shariff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
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Zhang Y, Wei J, Shi Y, Quan C, Ho HC, Song Y, Zhang L. Early-life exposure to submicron particulate air pollution in relation to asthma development in Chinese preschool children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:771-782.e12. [PMID: 33684436 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research suggested an association of early-life particulate air pollution exposure with development of asthma in childhood. However, the potentially differential effects of submicron particulate matter (PM; PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤1 μm [PM1]) remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVE This study primarily aimed to investigate associations of childhood asthma and wheezing with in utero and first-year exposures to size-specific particles. METHODS We conducted a large cross-sectional survey among 5788 preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in central China. In utero and first-year exposures to ambient PM1, PM with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm, and PM with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm at 1 × 1-km resolution were assessed using machine learning-based spatiotemporal models. A time-to-event analysis was performed to examine associations between residential PM exposures and childhood onset of asthma and wheezing. RESULTS Early-life size-specific PM exposures, particularly during pregnancy, were significantly associated with increased risk of asthma, whereas no evident PM-wheezing associations were observed. Each 10-μg/m3 increase in in utero and first-year PM1 exposure was accordingly associated with an asthma's hazard ratio in childhood of 1.618 (95% CI, 1.159-2.258; P = .005) and 1.543 (0.822-2.896; P = .177). Subgroup analyses suggest that short breast-feeding duration may aggravate PM-associated risk of childhood asthma. Each 10-μg/m3 increase in in utero exposure to PM1, for instance, was associated with a hazard ratio of 2.260 (1.393-3.666) among children with 0 to 5 months' breast-feeding and 1.156 (0.721-1.853) among those longer breast-fed. CONCLUSIONS Our study added comparative evidence for increased risk of childhood asthma in relation to early-life PM exposures, highlighting stronger associations with ambient PM1 than with PM with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm and PM with aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 10 μm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Iowa Technology Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Yuqin Shi
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Quan
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hung Chak Ho
- Department of Urban Planning and Design, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yimeng Song
- Department of Land Surveying and Geo-Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; Smart Cities Research Institute, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Environmental Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Rivera Rivera NY, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Mercado García A, Just AC, Kloog I, Téllez-Rojo MM, Wright RO, Wright RJ, Rosa MJ. Prenatal and early life exposure to particulate matter, environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory symptoms in Mexican children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110365. [PMID: 33223137 PMCID: PMC7736115 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to particulate matter <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) are associated with respiratory morbidity starting in utero. However, their potential synergistic effects have not been completely elucidated. Here, we examined the joint effects of prenatal and early life PM2.5 and prenatal ETS exposure on respiratory outcomes in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 536 mother-child dyads in the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) study in Mexico City. Exposure to PM2.5 was estimated using residence in pregnancy and child's first year of life with a satellite-based spatio-temporal model. ETS exposure was assessed by caregiver's report of any smoker in the household during the second or third trimester. Outcomes included report of ever wheeze and wheeze in the past 12 months (current wheeze) assessed when children were 6-8 years old considered in separate models. Associations were modeled using distributed lag models (DLM) with daily PM2.5 averages for pregnancy and the first year of life, adjusting for child's sex, birth weight z-score, mother's age and education at enrollment, maternal asthma, season of conception and stratified by prenatal ETS exposure (yes/no). RESULTS We identified a sensitive window from gestational week 14 through postnatal week 18 during which PM2.5 was associated with higher risk of ever wheeze at age 6-8 years. We also observed a critical window of PM2.5 exposure between postnatal weeks 6-39 and higher risk of current wheeze. We found significant associations between higher prenatal and early life PM2.5 exposure and higher cumulative risk ratios of ever wheeze (RR:3.76, 95%CI [1.41, 10.0] per 5 μg/m3) and current wheeze in the past year (RR:7.91, 95%CI [1.5, 41.6] per 5 μg/m3) only among children born to mothers exposed to ETS in pregnancy when compared to mothers who were not exposed. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to prenatal ETS modified the association between prenatal and early life PM2.5 exposure and respiratory outcomes at age 6-8 years. It is important to consider concurrent chemical exposures to more comprehensively characterize children's environmental risk. Interventions aimed at decreasing passive smoking might mitigate the effects of ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadya Y Rivera Rivera
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz
- National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) - National Institute of Public Health (INSP), Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adriana Mercado García
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Allan C Just
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Itai Kloog
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. Beer Sheva, Israel; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martha Maria Téllez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Maria José Rosa
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Commodore S, Ferguson PL, Neelon B, Newman R, Grobman W, Tita A, Pearce J, Bloom MS, Svendsen E, Roberts J, Skupski D, Sciscione A, Palomares K, Miller R, Wapner R, Vena JE, Hunt KJ. Reported Neighborhood Traffic and the Odds of Asthma/Asthma-Like Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Multi-Racial Cohort of Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E243. [PMID: 33396261 PMCID: PMC7794885 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asthma in children poses a significant clinical and public health burden. We examined the association between reported neighborhood traffic (a proxy for traffic-related air pollution) and asthma among 855 multi-racial children aged 4-8 years old who participated in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort. We hypothesized that high neighborhood traffic density would be associated with the prevalence of asthma. Asthma/asthma-like symptoms (defined as current and/or past physician diagnosed asthma, past wheezing, or nighttime cough or wheezing in the past 12 months) was assessed by parental report. The relationship between neighborhood traffic and asthma/asthma-like symptoms was assessed using logistic regression. The prevalence of asthma/asthma-like symptoms among study participants was 23%, and 15% had high neighborhood traffic. Children with significant neighborhood traffic had a higher odds of having asthma/asthma-like symptoms than children without neighborhood traffic [adjusted OR = 2.01 (95% CI: 1.12, 3.62)] after controlling for child's race-ethnicity, age, sex, maternal education, family history of asthma, play equipment in the home environment, public parks, obesity and prescribed asthma medication. Further characterization of neighborhood traffic is needed since many children live near high traffic zones and significant racial/ethnic disparities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Commodore
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Pamela L. Ferguson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Brian Neelon
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Roger Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - William Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Alan Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - John Pearce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
| | - Erik Svendsen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - James Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Daniel Skupski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Queens, NY 11365, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Anthony Sciscione
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE 19899, USA;
| | - Kristy Palomares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Rachel Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - John E. Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Kelly J. Hunt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
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Gentile DA, Morphew T, Elliott J, Presto AA, Skoner DP. Asthma prevalence and control among schoolchildren residing near outdoor air pollution sites. J Asthma 2020; 59:12-22. [PMID: 33104451 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1840584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Outdoor air pollution (OAP) contributes to poor asthma outcomes and remains a public health concern in Pittsburgh. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood asthma and its rate of control among Pittsburgh schoolchildren residing near OAP sites. METHODS Participants were recruited from schools near OAP sites. Asthma prevalence and control were assessed using a validated survey. Demographics and socioeconomic status were collected by survey, BMI was calculated, secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure was assessed by salivary cotinine levels, and OAP was assessed by mobile platform monitoring. Multivariate analysis adjusted for confounders. RESULTS In 1202 Pittsburgh elementary school students surveyed, 50.9% were female, average age was 8.5 years (SD = 1.9), 52.2% were African American and 60.6% had public health insurance. SHS exposure was relatively high at 33.9%, 17.1% of students were obese, and 70% had exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5) greater than the World Health Organization standard of 10 μg/m3. Overall prevalence of asthma was 22.5% with PM2.5, nitric oxide (NOx), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn) significantly related to odds of asthma. Among the 270 children previously diagnosed with asthma, 59.3% were not well controlled with PM2.5, black carbon, and silicon (Si) significantly related to odds of uncontrolled asthma. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that asthma prevalence and poor disease control are significantly elevated in Pittsburgh schoolchildren exposed to high levels of OAP. Future efforts need to focus on primary prevention of asthma by reducing exposure to OAP in at risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah A Gentile
- Division of Clinical Research, Allergy and Asthma Wellness Centers, Butler, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Albert A Presto
- Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David P Skoner
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Khreis H, Alotaibi R, Horney J, McConnell R. The impact of baseline incidence rates on burden of disease assessment of air pollution and onset childhood asthma: analysis of data from the contiguous United States. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 53:76-88.e10. [PMID: 32956840 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Burden of disease (BoD) assessments typically rely on national-level incidence rates for the health outcomes of interest. The impact of using a constant national-level incidence rate, versus a more granular spatially varying rate, remains unknown and understudied in the literature. There has been an increasing number of publications estimating the BoD of childhood asthma attributable to air pollution, as emerging evidence demonstrates that traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) leads to onset of the disease. In this study, we estimated the burden of incident childhood asthma cases which may be attributable to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a criteria pollutant and a good marker of TRAP, in the contiguous United States. We used both a national-level and newly generated state-specific asthma incidence rates and compared results from the two approaches. METHODS We estimated incident childhood asthma cases which may be attributable to NO2 using standard BoD assessment methods. We combined child (<18 years) counts with 2010 NO2 exposures at the census block level, concentration-response function, and state-specific asthma incidence rates. NO2 concentrations were obtained from a previously validated land-use regression model. We sourced the concentration-response function from a meta-analysis on TRAP and risk of childhood asthma. We estimated incidence rates using raw data collected in the 2006-2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Asthma Call-back Surveys. We stratified the estimated BoD by urban versus rural status and by median household income, explored trends in BoD across 48 states and the District of Columbia, and compared our results with a published BoD analysis which used a constant national-level incidence rate across all states. RESULTS The overall mean (min-max) NO2 concentration(s) was 13.2 (1.5-58.3) ug/m3 and was highest in urbanized areas. The estimated national aggregate asthma incidence rate was 11.6 per 1000 at-risk children and ranged from 4.3 (Montana) to 17.7 (District of Columbia) per 1000 at-risk children. The 17 states that did not have data to estimate an incidence rate were assigned the national aggregate asthma incidence rate. Using the state-specific incidence rates, we estimated a total of 134,166 (95% confidence interval: 75,177-193,327) childhood asthma incident cases attributable to NO2, accounting for 17.6% of all childhood asthma incident cases. Using the national-level incidence rate, we estimated a total of 141,931 (95% confidence interval: 119,222-163,505) incident cases attributable to NO2, accounting for 17.9% of all childhood asthma incident cases. Using the state-specific incidence rates therefore reduced the attributable number of cases by 7,765 (5.5% relative reduction), compared with estimates using the national-level incidence rate. Across states, the change in the attributable number of cases ranged from -64.1% (Montana) to +33.8% (Texas). California had the largest absolute decrease (-6,190) in attributable cases, whereas Texas had the largest increase (+3,615). Stratifying by socioeconomic status and urban versus rural status produced new trends compared with the previously published BoD analysis showing high heterogeneity across the states. CONCLUSIONS We estimated new state-specific asthma incidence rates for the contiguous United States. Using state-specific incidence rates versus a constant national incidence rate resulted in a small change in the NO2 attributable BoD at the national level, but had a more prominent impact at the state level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Khreis
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation, Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), College Station, TX; ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Raed Alotaibi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Texas A&M Health Science Center School of Public Health, TX
| | - Jennifer Horney
- Disaster Research Center, Program in Epidemiology, University of Delaware
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles
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Lu C, Norbäck D, Li Y, Deng Q. Early-life exposure to air pollution and childhood allergic diseases: an update on the link and its implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:813-827. [PMID: 32741235 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1804868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although mounting evidence has linked environmental factors with childhood allergies, some specific key issues still remain unclear: what is the main environmental factor? what is the critical timing window? And whether these contribute to the development of disease? AREAS COVERED This selective review summarizes recent epidemiological studies on the association between early-life exposure to indoor/outdoor air pollution and childhood allergic diseases. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science for peer-reviewed articles published until April 2020. Exposure to the traffic-related air pollutant, NO2, exposure during pregnancy and early postnatal periods is found to be associated with childhood allergies, and exposure during different trimesters causes different allergic diseases. However, exposure to classical air pollutants (PM10 and SO2) also contributes to childhood allergy in developing countries. In addition, early-life exposure to indoor renovation and mold/dampness significantly increases the risk of allergy in children. A synergistic effect between indoor and outdoor air pollution is found in the development of allergic diseases. EXPERT OPINION Early-life exposure to outdoor air pollution and indoor environmental factors plays an important role in the development of childhood allergic diseases, and the synergy between indoor and outdoor exposures increases allergy risk. The available findings support the hypothesis of the 'fetal origins of childhood allergy,' with new implications for the effective control and early prevention of childhood allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Lu
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University , Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yuguo Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong, China
| | - Qihong Deng
- XiangYa School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University , Changsha, China.,School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University , Changsha, China
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Yan W, Wang X, Dong T, Sun M, Zhang M, Fang K, Chen Y, Chen R, Sun Z, Xia Y. The impact of prenatal exposure to PM 2.5 on childhood asthma and wheezing: a meta-analysis of observational studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:29280-29290. [PMID: 32436098 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09014-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
With the accelerated pace of economic development and modernization, air pollution has become one of the most focused public health problems. However, the impact of particulate matter exposure during pregnancy on childhood asthma and wheezing remains controversial. We performed this meta-analysis to explore the relationship between prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and childhood asthma and wheezing. Candidate papers were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library before July 15, 2019. The main characteristics of the included studies were extracted, and the quality was evaluated by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). A sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the impact of individual studies on the combined effects. The Egger and Begg tests were conducted to examine the publication bias. Nine studies were included in the final analysis. Prenatal exposure to PM2.5 significantly increased the risk of childhood asthma and wheezing (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.11; per 5 μg/m3). Maternal exposure was more strongly related to childhood asthma and wheezing before age 3 (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.00-1.31; per 5 μg/m3) than after (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.09; per 5 μg/m3). Children in developed countries showed more severe effects (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27; per 5 μg/m3). Children who were born to mothers with higher levels of prenatal exposure were at higher risk of asthma and wheezing (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.02-1.13; per 5 μg/m3). This meta-analysis indicated that the impact of PM2.5 on childhood asthma and wheezing begins as early as utero, so regulating pollutant emission standards and strengthening prenatal protection are crucial to maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kacey Fang
- Department of Cognitive Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu X, Wang J, Zhou M, Dai Q, Wang Q, Li H, Qian X. Particulate matter exposure disturbs inflammatory cytokine homeostasis associated with changes in trace metal levels in mouse organs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 727:138377. [PMID: 32330707 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have focused on the impact of particulate matter (PM) exposure with respect to the relationship between PM-induced inflammation and the levels of trace metals in tissues and organs. In this study, C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to ambient air alongside control mice breathing air filtered through a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter. In both groups, mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines were measured after 4, 8 and 12 weeks together with the trace metal contents of the lungs, heart, liver, hippocampus and blood. PM exposure resulted in a general upward trend in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung, heart, liver and hippocampus. By contrast, IL-10 mRNA expression varied depending on the organ, with a continuous upward trend in heart and liver and an up-regulation at 8 weeks followed by a down-regulation at 12 weeks in lung and hippocampus. The disturbed homeostasis of inflammatory cytokines was accompanied by changes in trace metal levels in the mice. These alterations may have constituted a compensatory effect conferring protection from inflammatory damage. However, prolonged PM exposure finally resulted in the deficiency of several essential trace metals in the lungs and hippocampus, which may have contributed to the observed histological changes typical of an inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Huaiyin Institute of Technology, School of the Chemical Engineering, Huaian, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- School of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Key Laboratory of Anhui Province of Water Pollution Control and Wastewater Reuse, Anhui Jianzhu University, HeFei, China
| | - Mengfan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian'ying Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin'geng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
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Thurston GD, Balmes JR, Garcia E, Gilliland FD, Rice MB, Schikowski T, Van Winkle LS, Annesi-Maesano I, Burchard EG, Carlsten C, Harkema JR, Khreis H, Kleeberger SR, Kodavanti UP, London SJ, McConnell R, Peden DB, Pinkerton KE, Reibman J, White CW. Outdoor Air Pollution and New-Onset Airway Disease. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2020; 17:387-398. [PMID: 32233861 PMCID: PMC7175976 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202001-046st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is well accepted that air pollution exposure exacerbates preexisting airway disease, it has not been firmly established that long-term pollution exposure increases the risk of new-onset asthma or chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD). This Workshop brought together experts on mechanistic, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of airway disease to review current knowledge regarding whether air pollution is a causal factor in the development of asthma and/or COPD. Speakers presented recent evidence in their respective areas of expertise related to air pollution and new airway disease incidence, followed by interactive discussions. A writing committee summarized their collective findings. The Epidemiology Group found that long-term exposure to air pollution, especially metrics of traffic-related air pollution such as nitrogen dioxide and black carbon, is associated with onset of childhood asthma. However, the evidence for a causal role in adult-onset asthma or COPD remains insufficient. The Mechanistic Group concluded that air pollution exposure can cause airway remodeling, which can lead to asthma or COPD, as well as asthma-like phenotypes that worsen with long-term exposure to air pollution, especially fine particulate matter and ozone. The Clinical Group concluded that air pollution is a plausible contributor to the onset of both asthma and COPD. Available evidence indicates that long-term exposure to air pollution is a cause of childhood asthma, but the evidence for a similar determination for adult asthma or COPD remains insufficient. Further research is needed to elucidate the exact biological mechanism underlying incident childhood asthma, and the specific air pollutant that causes it.
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Bozigar M, Lawson A, Pearce J, King K, Svendsen E. A geographic identifier assignment algorithm with Bayesian variable selection to identify neighborhood factors associated with emergency department visit disparities for asthma. Int J Health Geogr 2020; 19:9. [PMID: 32188481 PMCID: PMC7081565 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-020-00203-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecologic health studies often rely on outcomes from health service utilization data that are limited by relatively coarse spatial resolutions and missing geographic information, particularly neighborhood level identifiers. When fine-scale geographic data are missing, the ramifications and strategies for addressing them are not well researched or developed. This study illustrates a novel spatio-temporal framework that combines a geographic identifier assignment (i.e., geographic imputation) algorithm with predictive Bayesian variable selection to identify neighborhood factors associated with disparities in emergency department (ED) visits for asthma. METHODS ED visit records with missing fine-scale spatial identifiers (~ 20%) were geocoded using information from known, coarser, misaligned spatial units using an innovative geographic identifier assignment algorithm. We then employed systematic variable selection in a spatio-temporal Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) predictive framework within the NIMBLE package in R. Our novel methodology is illustrated in an ecologic case study aimed at identifying neighborhood-level predictors of asthma ED visits in South Carolina, United States, from 1999 to 2015. The health outcome was annual ED visit counts in small areas (i.e., census tracts) with primary diagnoses of asthma (ICD9 codes 493.XX) among children ages 5 to 19 years. RESULTS We maintained 96% of ED visit records for this analysis. When the algorithm used areal proportions as probabilities for assignment, which addressed differential missingness of census tract identifiers in rural areas, variable selection consistently identified significant neighborhood-level predictors of asthma ED visit risk including pharmacy proximity, average household size, and carbon monoxide interactions. Contrasted with common solutions of removing geographically incomplete records or scaling up analyses, our methodology identified critical differences in parameters estimated, predictors selected, and inferences. We posit that the differences were attributable to improved data resolution, resulting in greater power and less bias. Importantly, without this methodology, we would have inaccurately identified predictors of risk for asthma ED visits, particularly in rural areas. CONCLUSIONS Our approach innovatively addressed several issues in ecologic health studies, including missing small-area geographic information, multiple correlated neighborhood covariates, and multiscale unmeasured confounding factors. Our methodology could be widely applied to other small-area studies, useful to a range of researchers throughout the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Bozigar
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
| | - Andrew Lawson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - John Pearce
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Kathryn King
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.,School-Based Health, Center for Telehealth, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Erik Svendsen
- Division of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Tayarani M, Rowangould G. Estimating exposure to fine particulate matter emissions from vehicle traffic: Exposure misclassification and daily activity patterns in a large, sprawling region. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:108999. [PMID: 31855700 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Vehicle traffic is responsible for a significant portion of toxic air pollution in urban areas that has been linked to a wide range of adverse health outcomes. Most vehicle air quality analyses used for transportation planning and health effect studies estimate exposure from the measured or modeled concentration of an air pollutant at a person's home. This study evaluates exposure to fine particulate matter from vehicle traffic and the magnitude and cause of exposure misclassification that result from not accounting for population mobility during the day in a large, sprawling region. We develop a dynamic exposure model by integrating activity-based travel demand, vehicle emission, and air dispersion models to evaluate the magnitude, components and spatial patterns of vehicle exposure misclassification in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Overall, we find that population exposure estimates increase by 51% when population mobility is accounted for. Errors are much larger in suburban and rural areas where exposure is underestimated while exposure may be overestimated near high volume roadways and in the urban core. Exposure while at work and traveling account for much of the error. We find much larger errors than prior studies, all of which have focused on more compact urban regions. Since many people spend a large part of their day away from their homes and vehicle emissions are known to create "hotspots" along roadways, home-based exposure is unlikely to be a robust estimator of a person's actual exposure. Accounting for population mobility in vehicle emission exposure studies may reveal more effective mitigation strategies, important differences in exposure between population groups with different travel patterns, and reduce exposure misclassification in health studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Tayarani
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gregory Rowangould
- University of Vermont, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Votey Hall, 33 Colchester Ave., Burlington, VT, 05405, USA.
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Zhang X, Zhao H, Chow WH, Bixby M, Durand C, Markham C, Zhang K. Population-Based Study of Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Obesity in Mexican Americans. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:412-420. [PMID: 31797571 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the cross-sectional association between residential exposure to traffic-related air pollution and obesity in Mexican American adults. METHODS A total of 7,826 self-reported Mexican Americans aged 20 to 60 years old were selected from the baseline survey of the MD Anderson Mano-a-Mano Mexican American Cohort. Concentrations of traffic-related particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm were modeled at geocoded residential addresses using a dispersion models. The residential proximity to the nearest major road was calculated using a Geographic Information System. Linear and logistic regression models were used to estimate the adjusted associations between exposure and obesity, defined as BMI ≥ 30. RESULTS More than half (53.6%) of the study participants had BMI ≥ 30, with a higher prevalence in women (55.0%) than in men (48.8%). Overall higher traffic-related air pollution exposures were associated with lower BMI in men but higher BMI in women. By stratifying for those who lived in a 0- to 1,500-m road buffer, the one-interquartile-range (685.1 m) increase of distance to a major road had a significant association with a 0.58-kg/m2 lower BMI (95% CI: -0.92 to -0.24) in women. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to intensive traffic is associated with increased risk of obesity in Mexican American women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hua Zhao
- Department of Family Medicine and Population Health, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, Virgnia, USA
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Moira Bixby
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Casey Durand
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Christine Markham
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
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Liu K, Li S, Qian ZM, Dharmage SC, Bloom MS, Heinrich J, Jalaludin B, Markevych I, Morawska L, Knibbs LD, Hinyard L, Xian H, Liu S, Lin S, Leskinen A, Komppula M, Jalava P, Roponen M, Hu LW, Zeng XW, Hu W, Chen G, Yang BY, Guo Y, Dong GH. Benefits of influenza vaccination on the associations between ambient air pollution and allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents: New insights from the Seven Northeastern Cities study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 256:113434. [PMID: 31672350 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information exists on interaction effects between air pollution and influenza vaccination on allergic respiratory diseases. We conducted a large population-based study to evaluate the interaction effects between influenza vaccination and long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on allergic respiratory diseases in children and adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was investigated during 2012-2013 in 94 schools from Seven Northeastern Cities (SNEC) in China. Questionnaires surveys were obtained from 56 137 children and adolescents aged 2-17 years. Influenza vaccination was defined as receipt of the influenza vaccine. We estimated air pollutants exposure [nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm (PM1), ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ≤10 μm (PM10)] using machine learning methods. We employed two-level generalized linear mix effects model to examine interactive effects between influenza vaccination and air pollution exposure on allergic respiratory diseases (asthma, asthma-related symptoms and allergic rhinitis), after controlling for important covariates. RESULTS We found statistically significant interactions between influenza vaccination and air pollutants on allergic respiratory diseases and related symptoms (doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze, wheeze, persistent phlegm and allergic rhinitis). The adjusted ORs for doctor-diagnosed asthma, current wheeze and allergic rhinitis among the unvaccinated group per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM1 and PM2.5 were significantly higher than the corresponding ORs among the vaccinated group [For PM1, doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.89 (95%CI: 1.57-2.27) vs 1.65 (95%CI: 1.36-2.00); current wheeze: OR: 1.50 (95%CI: 1.22-1.85) vs 1.10 (95%CI: 0.89-1.37); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.38 (95%CI: 1.15-1.66) vs 1.21 (95%CI: 1.00-1.46). For PM2.5, doctor-diagnosed asthma: OR: 1.81 (95%CI: 1.52-2.14) vs 1.57 (95%CI: 1.32-1.88); current wheeze: OR: 1.46 (95%CI: 1.21-1.76) vs 1.11 (95%CI: 0.91-1.35); allergic rhinitis: OR: 1.35 (95%CI: 1.14-1.60) vs 1.19 (95%CI: 1.00-1.42)]. The similar patterns were observed for wheeze and persistent phlegm. The corresponding p values for interactions were less than 0.05, respectively. We assessed the risks of PM1-related and PM2.5-related current wheeze were decreased by 26.67% (95%CI: 1.04%-45.66%) and 23.97% (95%CI: 0.21%-42.08%) respectively, which was attributable to influenza vaccination (both p for efficiency <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Influenza vaccination may play an important role in mitigating the detrimental effects of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution on childhood allergic respiratory diseases. Policy targeted at increasing influenza vaccination may yield co-benefits in terms of reduced allergic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Zhengmin Min Qian
- Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3052, Australia
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China; Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Iana Markevych
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany; Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, 80336, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Lidia Morawska
- International Laboratory for Air Quality & Health (ILAQH), Science and Engineering Faculty, Institute of Health Biomedical Innovation (IHBI), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, 4006, Australia
| | - Leslie Hinyard
- Center for Health Outcomes Research, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA
| | - Hong Xian
- Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, 63104, USA
| | - Shan Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Shao Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Ari Leskinen
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Mika Komppula
- Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Pasi Jalava
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Marjut Roponen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, 70211, Finland
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Wenbiao Hu
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, 4059, Australia
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Department of Global Health, School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and Health risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Maazi H, Hartiala JA, Suzuki Y, Crow AL, Shafiei Jahani P, Lam J, Patel N, Rigas D, Han Y, Huang P, Eskin E, Lusis AJ, Gilliland FD, Akbari O, Allayee H. A GWAS approach identifies Dapp1 as a determinant of air pollution-induced airway hyperreactivity. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1008528. [PMID: 31869344 PMCID: PMC6944376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with contributions from genes, environmental exposures, and their interactions. While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in humans have identified ~200 susceptibility loci, the genetic factors that modulate risk of asthma through gene-environment (GxE) interactions remain poorly understood. Using the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel (HMDP), we sought to identify the genetic determinants of airway hyperreactivity (AHR) in response to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a model traffic-related air pollutant. As measured by invasive plethysmography, AHR under control and DEP-exposed conditions varied 3-4-fold in over 100 inbred strains from the HMDP. A GWAS with linear mixed models mapped two loci significantly associated with lung resistance under control exposure to chromosomes 2 (p = 3.0x10-6) and 19 (p = 5.6x10-7). The chromosome 19 locus harbors Il33 and is syntenic to asthma association signals observed at the IL33 locus in humans. A GxE GWAS for post-DEP exposure lung resistance identified a significantly associated locus on chromosome 3 (p = 2.5x10-6). Among the genes at this locus is Dapp1, an adaptor molecule expressed in immune-related and mucosal tissues, including the lung. Dapp1-deficient mice exhibited significantly lower AHR than control mice but only after DEP exposure, thus functionally validating Dapp1 as one of the genes underlying the GxE association at this locus. In summary, our results indicate that some of the genetic determinants for asthma-related phenotypes may be shared between mice and humans, as well as the existence of GxE interactions in mice that modulate lung function in response to air pollution exposures relevant to humans. The genetic factors that modulate risk of asthma through gene-environment (GxE) interactions are poorly understood, due in large part to the inherent difficulties in carrying out such studies in humans. To address these challenges, we used the Hybrid Mouse Diversity Panel to elucidate the genetic architecture of asthma-related phenotypes in mice and identify loci that are associated with airway hyperreactivity (AHR) under control exposure conditions and in response to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), as a model traffic-related air pollutant. In the absence of exposure, we identified two loci on chromosomes 2 and 19 for AHR. The locus on chromosome 19 harbors Il33 and is syntenic to association signals observed for asthma at the IL33 locus in humans. In response to DEP exposure, we mapped AHR to a region on chromosome 3 and used a genetically modified mouse model to functionally demonstrate that Dapp1 is one of the genes underlying the GxE association at this locus. Collectively, our results support the concept that some of the genetic determinants for asthma-related phenotypes may be shared between mice and humans as well as the existence of GxE interactions in mice that modulate lung function in response to air pollution exposures relevant to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Maazi
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jaana A. Hartiala
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Amanda L. Crow
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pedram Shafiei Jahani
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Lam
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Nisheel Patel
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Diamanda Rigas
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Pin Huang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Eleazar Eskin
- Department of Computer Science and Inter-Departmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Aldons. J. Lusis
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Frank D. Gilliland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Omid Akbari
- Departments of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OA); (HA)
| | - Hooman Allayee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (OA); (HA)
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Diao M, Holloway T, Choi S, O’Neill SM, Al-Hamdan MZ, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Jin X, Fiore AM, Henze DK, Lacey F, Kinney PL, Freedman F, Larkin NK, Zou Y, Kelly JT, Vaidyanathan A. Methods, availability, and applications of PM 2.5 exposure estimates derived from ground measurements, satellite, and atmospheric models. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2019; 69:1391-1414. [PMID: 31526242 PMCID: PMC7072999 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2019.1668498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a well-established risk factor for public health. To support both health risk assessment and epidemiological studies, data are needed on spatial and temporal patterns of PM2.5 exposures. This review article surveys publicly available exposure datasets for surface PM2.5 mass concentrations over the contiguous U.S., summarizes their applications and limitations, and provides suggestions on future research needs. The complex landscape of satellite instruments, model capabilities, monitor networks, and data synthesis methods offers opportunities for research development, but would benefit from guidance for new users. Guidance is provided to access publicly available PM2.5 datasets, to explain and compare different approaches for dataset generation, and to identify sources of uncertainties associated with various types of datasets. Three main sources used to create PM2.5 exposure data are ground-based measurements (especially regulatory monitoring), satellite retrievals (especially aerosol optical depth, AOD), and atmospheric chemistry models. We find inconsistencies among several publicly available PM2.5 estimates, highlighting uncertainties in the exposure datasets that are often overlooked in health effects analyses. Major differences among PM2.5 estimates emerge from the choice of data (ground-based, satellite, and/or model), the spatiotemporal resolutions, and the algorithms used to fuse data sources.Implications: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has large impacts on human morbidity and mortality. Even though the methods for generating the PM2.5 exposure estimates have been significantly improved in recent years, there is a lack of review articles that document PM2.5 exposure datasets that are publicly available and easily accessible by the health and air quality communities. In this article, we discuss the main methods that generate PM2.5 data, compare several publicly available datasets, and show the applications of various data fusion approaches. Guidance to access and critique these datasets are provided for stakeholders in public health sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Diao
- San Jose State University, Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, One Washington Square, San Jose, California, USA, 95192-0104
| | - Tracey Holloway
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE) and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 201A Enzyme Institute, 1710 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 53726
| | - Seohyun Choi
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Nelson Institute Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE) and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, 201A Enzyme Institute, 1710 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin, USA, 53726
| | - Susan M. O’Neill
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Seattle, WA, USA, 98103-8600
| | - Mohammad Z. Al-Hamdan
- Universities Space Research Association, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, National Space Science and Technology Center, 320 Sparkman Dr., Huntsville, Alabama, USA, 35805
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Dalhousie University, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, 6299 South St, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Randall V. Martin
- Dalhousie University, Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, 6299 South St, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
- Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, MA, USA, 02138
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 63130
| | - Xiaomeng Jin
- Columbia University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York, USA, 10964
| | - Arlene M. Fiore
- Columbia University, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, New York, USA, 10964
| | - Daven K. Henze
- University of Colorado, Mechanical Engineering Department, 1111 Engineering Drive UCB 427, Boulder, CO, USA, 80309
| | - Forrest Lacey
- University of Colorado, Mechanical Engineering Department, 1111 Engineering Drive UCB 427, Boulder, CO, USA, 80309
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling, 3450 Mitchell Ln, Boulder, CO, USA, 80301
| | - Patrick L. Kinney
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, 715 Albany Street, Talbot 4W, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, 02118
| | - Frank Freedman
- San Jose State University, Department of Meteorology and Climate Science, One Washington Square, San Jose, California, USA, 95192-0104
| | - Narasimhan K. Larkin
- United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Seattle, WA, USA, 98103-8600
| | - Yufei Zou
- University of Washington, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, Anderson Hall, Seattle, WA, USA, 98195
| | - James T. Kelly
- Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA 27711
| | - Ambarish Vaidyanathan
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mail Stop E-19, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 30333
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Huang M, Ivey C, Hu Y, Holmes HA, Strickland MJ. Source apportionment of primary and secondary PM 2.5: Associations with pediatric respiratory disease emergency department visits in the U.S. State of Georgia. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105167. [PMID: 31634664 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We developed a hybrid chemical transport model and receptor model (CTM-RM) to conduct source apportionment of both primary and secondary PM2.5 (particulate matter ≤2.5 μm in diameter) at 36 km resolution throughout the U.S. State of Georgia for the years 2005 and 2007. This novel source apportionment model enabled us to estimate and compare associations of short-term changes in 12 PM2.5 source concentrations (agriculture, biogenic, coal, dust, fuel oil, metals, natural gas, non-road mobile diesel, non-road mobile gasoline, on-road mobile diesel, on-road mobile gasoline, and all other sources) with emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. ED visits for asthma (N = 49,651), pneumonia (N = 25,558), and acute upper respiratory infections (acute URI, N = 235,343) among patients aged ≤18 years were obtained from patient claims records. Using a case-crossover study, we estimated odds ratios per interquartile range (IQR) increase for 3-day moving average PM2.5 source concentrations using conditional logistic regression, matching on day-of-week, month, and year, and adjusting for average temperature, humidity, and holidays. We fit both single-source and multi-source models. We observed positive associations between several PM2.5 sources and ED visits for asthma, pneumonia, and acute URI. For example, for asthma, per IQR increase in the source contribution in the single-source model, odds ratios were 1.022 (95% CI: 1.013, 1.031) for dust; 1.050 (95% CI: 1.036, 1.063) for metals, and 1.091 (95% CI: 1.064, 1.119) for natural gas. These sources comprised 5.7%, 2.2%, and 6.3% of total PM2.5 mass, respectively. PM2.5 from metals and natural gas were positively associated with all three respiratory outcomes. In addition, non-road mobile diesel was positively associated with pneumonia and acute URI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Huang
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
| | - Cesunica Ivey
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Yongtao Hu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Heather A Holmes
- Atmospheric Sciences Program, Department of Physics, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA.
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Khreis H, Cirach M, Mueller N, de Hoogh K, Hoek G, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Rojas-Rueda D. Outdoor air pollution and the burden of childhood asthma across Europe. Eur Respir J 2019; 54:13993003.02194-2018. [PMID: 31391220 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02194-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that air pollution may contribute to childhood asthma development. We estimated the burden of incident childhood asthma that may be attributable to outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) in Europe. METHODS We combined country-level childhood incidence rates and pooled exposure-response functions with childhood (age 1-14 years) population counts, and exposure estimates at 1 540 386 1 km×1 km cells, across 18 European countries and 63 442 419 children. Annual average pollutant concentrations were obtained from a validated and harmonised European land-use regression model. We investigated two exposure reduction scenarios. For the first, we used recommended annual World Health Organization (WHO) air quality guideline values. For the second, we used the minimum air pollution levels recorded across 41 studies in the underlying meta-analysis. RESULTS NO2 ranged from 1.4 to 70.0 µg·m-3, with a mean of 11.8 µg·m-3. PM2.5 ranged from 2.0 to 41.1 µg·m-3, with a mean of 11.6 µg·m-3. BC ranged from 0.003 to 3.7×10-5 m-1, with a mean of 1.0×10-5 m-1. Compliance with the NO2 and PM2.5 WHO guidelines was estimated to prevent 2434 (0.4%) and 66 567 (11%) incident cases, respectively. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO2 (1.5 µg·m-3), PM2.5 (0.4 µg·m-3) and BC (0.4×10-5 m-1) was estimated to prevent 135 257 (23%), 191 883 (33%) and 89 191 (15%) incident cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of childhood asthma cases may be attributable to outdoor air pollution and these cases could be prevented. Our estimates underline an urgent need to reduce children's exposure to air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Khreis
- Center for Advancing Research in Transportation Emissions, Energy, and Health (CARTEEH), Texas A&M Transportation Institute (TTI), College Station, TX, USA .,ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,These authors are joint lead authors of the study
| | - Marta Cirach
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalie Mueller
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rojas-Rueda
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.,These authors are joint lead authors of the study
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Loughlin CE, Muston HN, Pena MA, Ren CL, Yilmaz O, Noah TL. Pediatric Pulmonology year in review 2018: Asthma, physiology/pulmonary function testing, and respiratory infections. Pediatr Pulmonol 2019; 54:1508-1515. [PMID: 31237426 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.24420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric Pulmonology publishes original research, reviews, and case reports related to a wide range of children's respiratory disorders. In our "Year in Review" series, we summarize publications in our major topic areas from 2018, in the context of selected literature in these areas from other journals relevant to our discipline. This review covers selected articles on asthma, physiology/lung function testing, and respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceila E Loughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Heather N Muston
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Michael A Pena
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Clement L Ren
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Children's Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ozge Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Terry L Noah
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Liu X, Wang J, Fan Y, Xu Y, Xie M, Yuan Y, Li H, Qian X. Particulate Matter Exposure History Affects Antioxidant Defense Response of Mouse Lung to Haze Episodes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9789-9799. [PMID: 31328514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have focused on the association between previous particulate matter (PM) exposure and antioxidant defense response to a haze challenge. In this study, a combined exposure model was used to investigate whether and how PM exposure history affected the antioxidant defense response to haze episodes. At first, C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to three groups and exposed for 5 weeks to whole ambient air, ambient air containing a low (≤75 μg/m3) PM concentration, and filtered air, which simulated different exposure history of high, relatively low, and almost zero PM concentrations. Thereafter, all mice underwent a 3-day haze exposure followed by a 7-day exposure to filtered air. The indexes involved in the primary and secondary antioxidant defense response were determined after pre-exposure and haze exposure, as well as 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days after haze exposure. Our research demonstrated repeated exposure to a high PM concentration compromised the antioxidant defense response and was accompanied by an increased susceptibility to a haze challenge. Conversely, mice with a lower PM exposure developed an oxidative stress adaption that protected them against haze challenge more efficiently and in a more timely manner than was the case in mice without PM exposure history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
- Huaiyin Institute of Technology , School of Chemical Engineering , Huaian 223001 , P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yifan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Mengxing Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Yu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Huiming Li
- School of Environment , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse , School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET) , Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044 , P. R. China
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Association between the First Occurrence of Asthma and Residential Greenness in Children and Teenagers in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16122076. [PMID: 31212779 PMCID: PMC6616887 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16122076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Green spaces have benefits but may also increase the risk of allergic disease. This study examined the association between the first occurrence of asthma and greenness exposure in children and teenagers. We conducted a 1:1 matched case-control study matched by sex, age, and the first diagnosis year with 7040 eligible subjects from a systematic sampling cohort database in Taiwan from 2001 to 2013. A normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) value ≥0.4 was used as the criterion to determine the green space. The green cover images were then transformed to the green coverage rate in the township surrounding the residential areas of the asthma and control subjects. Conditional logistic regression analyses demonstrated that a significantly increased risk of asthma in preschool children was associated with the surrounding greenness after adjusting for urbanization level, frequency of healthcare provider visits, mean township family income, CO, NOx, and PM2.5. The risk of asthma occurrence increased significantly with increasing greenness exposure (p-trend < 0.05). Nevertheless, exposure to the highest greenness levels (81–100%) was not associated with a significantly higher risk of asthma occurrence than was exposure to the lowest values (0–20%) of greenness. This study suggests that green space design should consider more effective methods of reducing the allergy impact.
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Li Y, Chen L, Guo F, Cao Y, Hu W, Shi Y, Lin X, Hou J, Li L, Ding X, Guo Y. Effects of epigallocatechin-3-gallate on the HMGB1/RAGE pathway in PM 2.5-exposed asthmatic rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:898-903. [PMID: 31003767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current studies have shown that long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) can aggravate lung injury in asthmatic children. The HMGB1/RAGE pathway may play an important role, but few studies on the HMGB1/RAGE signaling pathway in PM2.5-induced asthma have been performed. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, has not been examined in studies at home and abroad. In this study, we established an animal model of asthma and observed that the lung tissue was damaged, inflammatory cells infiltrated, bronchial wall thickness (WTt) and bronchial smooth muscle thickness (WTm) increased and the HMGB1 and RAGE mRNA and protein expression increased. The asthmatic rats exposed to PM2.5 showed significantly increased lung injury and inflammatory cell infiltration, WTt and WTm further increased, and HMGB1 and RAGE mRNA and protein levels were higher than those in the asthma group. The asthmatic rats exposed to PM2.5 were treated with EGCG, which alleviated the lung injury, reduced the number of inflammatory cells, decreased WTt and WTm, and reduced the expression of HMGB1 and RAGE mRNA and protein. The high-dose group showed more significant effects than the other groups. In conclusion, our results suggest that HMGB1 and RAGE are involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. PM2.5 exposure significantly aggravated airway inflammation injury in asthmatic rats. EGCG can reduce lung injury and airway remodeling in PM2.5-exposed asthmatic rats and has lung protective effects. The mechanism may be related to regulation of the HMGB1/RAGE signaling pathway. Our results may provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of PM2.5-induced asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- YuanZhe Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - LiXia Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfuqianjie Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - FeiFei Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.7 Kangfuqianjie Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhengzhou General Hospital, Intersection of Hongda Road and Puqing Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - XinChun Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - Jie Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - LiPing Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China
| | - XianFei Ding
- General ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - YanJun Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, No.33 Long hu Wai huan East Road, Zhengzhou, 450018, Henan, China.
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Long-term impacts of prenatal and infant exposure to fine particulate matter on wheezing and asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ Epidemiol 2019; 3:e042. [PMID: 33778337 PMCID: PMC7952120 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review aimed to summarize epidemiologic evidence regarding long-term effects of prenatal and infant particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) exposure on wheezing and asthma. Methods Epidemiologic data investigating the associations between ambient PM2.5 exposures during prenatal or the first 2 years of life and wheezing or asthma throughout life were extracted from five databases. All included studies were assessed according to the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists. We performed meta-analyses if ≥2 studies estimated the effects of continuous PM2.5. Results Nine of 18 eligible studies were suitable for meta-analyses. For prenatal PM2.5 exposure and asthma by 10 years of age (n = 4), the overall risk estimate per 10-unit increase (95% confidence interval) was 1.12 (1.00, 1.26). Although meta-analysis of prenatal exposure and wheezing by 4 years of age (n = 5) was not possible due to inconsistent exposure and outcome assessments, four studies found strong positive associations with wheeze by 2 years of age. The overall risk of developing asthma (n = 5) and wheezing (n = 3) by 8 years of age for infant PM2.5 exposure was 1.14 (0.96, 1.35) and 1.49 (0.99, 2.26), respectively. One large high-quality study reporting risk differences not suitable for meta-analysis demonstrated significant associations between prenatal or infant PM2.5 exposure and childhood asthma. High heterogeneity was present among studies of prenatal exposures and asthma, whereas studies of other associations showed low heterogeneity. There was insufficient evidence about susceptible subgroups. Conclusions The limited and inconsistent evidence is suggestive of an association between early life PM2.5 exposure and wheezing/asthma. Large standardized studies are needed to explore the associations and identify vulnerable populations.
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Zhai X, Mulholland JA, Friberg MD, Holmes HA, Russell AG, Hu Y. Spatial PM 2.5 mobile source impacts using a calibrated indicator method. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2019; 69:402-414. [PMID: 30499749 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2018.1532468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Motor vehicles are major sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and the PM2.5 from mobile vehicles is associated with adverse health effects. Traditional methods for estimating source impacts that employ receptor models are limited by the availability of observational data. To better estimate temporally and spatially resolved mobile source impacts on PM2.5, we developed an approach based on a method that uses elemental carbon (EC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) measurements as an indicator of mobile source impacts. We extended the original integrated mobile source indicator (IMSI) method in three aspects. First, we generated spatially resolved indicators using 24-hr average concentrations of EC, CO, and NOx estimated at 4 km resolution by applying a method developed to fuse chemical transport model (Community Multiscale Air Quality Model [CMAQ]) simulations and observations. Second, we used spatially resolved emissions instead of county-level emissions in the IMSI formulation. Third, we spatially calibrated the unitless indicators to annually-averaged mobile source impacts estimated by the receptor model Chemical Mass Balance (CMB). Daily total mobile source impacts on PM2.5, as well as separate gasoline and diesel vehicle impacts, were estimated at 12 km resolution from 2002 to 2008 and 4 km resolution from 2008 to 2010 for Georgia. The total mobile and separate vehicle source impacts compared well with daily CMB results, with high temporal correlation (e.g., R ranges from 0.59 to 0.88 for total mobile sources with 4 km resolution at nine locations). The total mobile source impacts had higher correlation and lower error than the separate gasoline and diesel sources when compared with observation-based CMB estimates. Overall, the enhanced approach provides spatially resolved mobile source impacts that are similar to observation-based estimates and can be used to improve assessment of health effects. Implications: An approach is developed based on an integrated mobile source indicator method to estimate spatiotemporal PM2.5 mobile source impacts. The approach employs three air pollutant concentration fields that are readily simulated at 4 and 12 km resolutions, and is calibrated using PM2.5 source apportionment modeling results to generate daily mobile source impacts in the state of Georgia. The estimated source impacts can be used in investigations of traffic pollution and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhai
- a School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA, USA
| | - James A Mulholland
- a School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA, USA
| | - Mariel D Friberg
- a School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA, USA
| | - Heather A Holmes
- b Atmospheric Sciences Program, Department of Physics , University of Nevada , Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - Armistead G Russell
- a School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA, USA
| | - Yongtao Hu
- a School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA, USA
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Association between Traffic Related Air Pollution and the Development of Asthma Phenotypes in Children: A Systematic Review. Int J Chronic Dis 2018; 2018:4047386. [PMID: 30631772 PMCID: PMC6304508 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4047386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Traffic related air pollution (TRAP) has long been associated with the onset of childhood asthma. The relationship between TRAP exposure and the development of childhood asthma phenotypes is less understood. To better understand this relationship, we performed a systematic review of the literature studying childhood TRAP exposure and the development of childhood asthma and wheezing phenotypes (transient, persistent, and late-onset asthma/wheezing phenotypes). Methods A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases for current literature, returning 1706 unique articles. After screening and selection, 7 articles were included in the final review. Due to the low number of articles, no meta-analysis was performed. Results TRAP exposure appears to be associated with both transient and persistent asthma/wheezing phenotypes. However, there was little evidence to suggest a relationship between TRAP exposure and late-onset asthma/wheezing. The differing results may be in part due to the heterogeneity in study methods and asthma/wheezing phenotype definitions, in addition to other factors such as genetics. Conclusion TRAP exposure may be associated with transient and persistent asthma/wheezing phenotypes in children. The low number of studies and differing results suggest that further studies are warranted.
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