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How EH, Chin SM, Teo CH, Parhar IS, Soga T. Accelerated biological brain aging in major depressive disorder. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0025. [PMID: 39002110 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) patients commonly encounter multiple types of functional disabilities, such as social, physical, and role functioning. MDD is related to an accreted risk of brain atrophy, aging-associated brain diseases, and mortality. Based on recently available studies, there are correlations between notable biological brain aging and MDD in adulthood. Despite several clinical and epidemiological studies that associate MDD with aging phenotypes, the underlying mechanisms in the brain remain unknown. The key areas in the study of biological brain aging in MDD are structural brain aging, impairment in functional connectivity, and the impact on cognitive function and age-related disorders. Various measurements have been used to determine the severity of brain aging, such as the brain age gap estimate (BrainAGE) or brain-predicted age difference (BrainPAD). This review summarized the current results of brain imaging data on the similarities between the manifestation of brain structural changes and the age-associated processes in MDD. This review also provided recent evidence of BrainPAD or BrainAGE scores in MDD, brain structural abnormalities, and functional connectivity, which are commonly observed between MDD and age-associated processes. It serves as a basis of current reference for future research on the potential areas of investigation for diagnostic, preventive, and potentially therapeutic purposes for brain aging in MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eng Han How
- 65210 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Shar-Maine Chin
- 65210 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chuin Hau Teo
- 65210 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Center Initiatives for Training International Researchers (CiTIR), University of Toyama, Gofuku, 930-8555 Toyama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Soga
- 65210 Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia , Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
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Postberg J, Schubert MT, Nin V, Wagner L, Piefke M. A perspective on epigenomic aging processes in the human brain and their plasticity in patients with mental disorders - a systematic review. Neurogenetics 2024:10.1007/s10048-024-00771-x. [PMID: 38967831 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-024-00771-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The debate surrounding nature versus nurture remains a central question in neuroscience, psychology, and in psychiatry, holding implications for both aging processes and the etiology of mental illness. Epigenetics can serve as a bridge between genetic predisposition and environmental influences, thus offering a potential avenue for addressing these questions. Epigenetic clocks, in particular, offer a theoretical framework for measuring biological age based on DNA methylation signatures, enabling the identification of disparities between biological and chronological age. This structured review seeks to consolidate current knowledge regarding the relationship between mental disorders and epigenetic age within the brain. Through a comprehensive literature search encompassing databases such as EBSCO, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov, relevant studies were identified and analyzed. Studies that met inclusion criteria were scrutinized, focusing on those with large sample sizes, analyses of both brain tissue and blood samples, investigation of frontal cortex markers, and a specific emphasis on schizophrenia and depressive disorders. Our review revealed a paucity of significant findings, yet notable insights emerged from studies meeting specific criteria. Studies characterized by extensive sample sizes, analysis of brain tissue and blood samples, assessment of frontal cortex markers, and a focus on schizophrenia and depressive disorders yielded particularly noteworthy results. Despite the limited number of significant findings, these studies shed light on the complex interplay between epigenetic aging and mental illness. While the current body of literature on epigenetic aging in mental disorders presents limited significant findings, it underscores the importance of further research in this area. Future studies should prioritize large sample sizes, comprehensive analyses of brain tissue and blood samples, exploration of specific brain regions such as the frontal cortex, and a focus on key mental disorders. Such endeavors will contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between epigenetic aging and mental illness, potentially informing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Postberg
- Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.
- Centre for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany.
| | - Michèle Tina Schubert
- Neurobiology and Genetics of Behavior, Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Vincent Nin
- Neurobiology and Genetics of Behavior, Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Lukas Wagner
- Neurobiology and Genetics of Behavior, Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
| | - Martina Piefke
- Centre for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
- Neurobiology and Genetics of Behavior, Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen-Str. 50, 58448, Witten, Germany
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Moura HF, Schuch JB, Ornell F, Bandeira CE, Massuda R, Bau CHD, Grevet EH, Kessler FHP, von Diemen L. Association between telomere length with alcohol use disorder and internalizing/externalizing comorbidities in a Brazilian male sample. Alcohol 2024; 119:1-5. [PMID: 38621495 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shortening telomere length (TL) is an important ageing marker associated with substance use disorder (SUD). However, the influence of psychiatric and clinical comorbidities and alcohol-related outcomes has not been much explored in the context of TL in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and may be a source of heterogeneity in AUD studies. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the influence of AUD, alcohol-related outcomes, and common psychiatric comorbidities on TL in men with AUD and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Men with AUD (n = 108, mean age = 52.4, SD = 8.6) were recruited in a detoxification unit, and HC (n = 80, mean age = 50.04, SD = 9.1) from the blood bank, both located in Brazil. HC had no current or lifetime diagnosis of any substance use disorder. Psychiatric comorbidities were assessed using SCID-I. TL ratio was measured in triplicates using quantitative multiplex PCR. RESULTS Telomere length did not differ between individuals with AUD and HC (p = 0.073) or was associated with AUD-related outcomes, trauma, or clinical comorbidities. Individuals with externalizing disorders had longer TL when comparing with those with internalizing disorders (p = 0.018) or without comorbidity (p = 0.018). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that TL was influenced by the presence of psychiatric comorbidity rather than case or control status. These results were adjusted for potential confounders, such as age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ferreira Moura
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; University of Brasília, Faculty of Medicine, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, UnB Área 1, 70910-900, Brasília - DF, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil.
| | - Felipe Ornell
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Cibele Edom Bandeira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501- 970, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Raffael Massuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Padre Camargo, 280, 4. andar- Alto da Glória, Curitiba - PR, Brazil
| | - Claiton Henrique Dotto Bau
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, 91501- 970, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Eugenio Horácio Grevet
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; ADHD Outpatient Program, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Felix H P Kessler
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
| | - Lisia von Diemen
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035-003, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil; Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcellos, 2350, 90035-903, Porto Alegre - RS, Brazil
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Pereira FSM, Thomasini RL, Pereira DS, Silva TJ, Leite CA, Reis LGO, Câmara VADA, da Costa MBR, Bakir JVS, Xavier LS, Pereira LSM, Parentoni AN, Lacerda ACR. Association Between the Length of Leukocyte Telomeres and Functional Performance of Older Adults: Observational Study. Rejuvenation Res 2024; 27:44-50. [PMID: 38279807 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite current literature pointing to a link between shortened telomeres and aging, chronic diseases, and geriatric syndromes, the precise implications of this connection remain unclear. The aim of this exploratory, cross-sectional, observational study was to investigate the association between the relative telomere length (RTL) of peripheral blood leukocyte subtypes (mononuclear cells and granulocytes) and physical performance using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) in older adults. A cohort of 95 participants was recruited, which included men and women aged over 60 years (70.48 ± 5.5 years). It was found that mononuclear cell RTL was significantly lower than that of granulocytes (p < 0.0001). Moreover, individuals with good SPPB performance exhibited lower mononuclear cell RTL compared with those with moderate or poor performance. However, no significant differences were observed in granulocyte RTL between different SPPB performance groups. The global SPPB score showed an inverse correlation with mononuclear cell RTL, but this correlation was not present with granulocyte RTL. Similarly, the SPPB sit-to-stand domain correlated with mononuclear cell RTL, but no such correlation was found with granulocyte RTL. Our findings challenge conventional expectations, suggesting that shorter mononuclear cell RTL may be associated with favorable functional capacity. The variations in RTL between mononuclear cells and granulocytes highlight their distinct biological roles and turnover rates. A history of immune responses may influence mononuclear cell RTL dynamics, while telomerase activity may protect granulocyte RTL from significant shortening. The unexpected associations observed in mononuclear cell RTL emphasize the complex interplay between immune responses, cellular aging, and functional capacity in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Souza Máximo Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine of Diamantina, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Luis Thomasini
- Faculty of Medicine of Diamantina, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Multi-Centric Post-Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences (PMPGCF), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Daniele Sirineu Pereira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sciences Rehabilitation Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thyago José Silva
- Faculty of Medicine of Diamantina, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Cleyde Amaral Leite
- Multi-Centric Post-Graduation Program in Physiological Sciences (PMPGCF), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - João Víctor Santos Bakir
- Faculty of Medicine of Diamantina, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Laise Santos Xavier
- University Center of Lavras, Section of Aesthetics and Cosmetics, Lavras, Brazil
| | - Leani Souza Máximo Pereira
- Department of Physiotherapy, Sciences Rehabilitation Program, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Master Program Science of Health Faculty of Medical Science Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Netto Parentoni
- Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Capacity, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Capacity, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
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Carver AJ, Hing B, Elser BA, Lussier SJ, Yamanashi T, Howard MA, Kawasaki H, Shinozaki G, Stevens HE. Correlation of telomere length in brain tissue with peripheral tissues in living human subjects. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1303974. [PMID: 38516039 PMCID: PMC10954899 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1303974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are important to chromosomal stability, and changes in their length correlate with disease, potentially relevant to brain disorders. Assessing telomere length in human brain is invasive, but whether peripheral tissue telomere length correlates with that in brain is not known. Saliva, buccal, blood, and brain samples were collected at time points before, during, and after subjects undergoing neurosurgery (n = 35) for intractable epilepsy. DNA was isolated from samples and average telomere length assessed by qPCR. Correlations of telomere length between tissue samples were calculated across subjects. When data were stratified by sex, saliva telomere length correlated with brain telomere length in males only. Buccal telomere length correlated with brain telomere length when males and females were combined. These findings indicate that in living subjects, telomere length in peripheral tissues variably correlates with that in brain and may be dependent on sex. Peripheral tissue telomere length may provide insight into brain telomere length, relevant to assessment of brain disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie J. Carver
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin Hing
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Elser
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Biostatistics Graduate Program, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Takehiko Yamanashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Matthew A. Howard
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gen Shinozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hanna E. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Hawk-Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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Liu L, Lin L, Sun S, Wu S. Elucidating Multimodal Imaging Patterns in Accelerated Brain Aging: Heterogeneity through a Discriminant Analysis Approach Using the UK Biobank Dataset. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:124. [PMID: 38391610 PMCID: PMC10886122 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11020124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Accelerated brain aging (ABA) intricately links with age-associated neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, emphasizing the critical need for a nuanced exploration of heterogeneous ABA patterns. This investigation leveraged data from the UK Biobank (UKB) for a comprehensive analysis, utilizing structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI), and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) from 31,621 participants. Pre-processing employed tools from the FMRIB Software Library (FSL, version 5.0.10), FreeSurfer, DTIFIT, and MELODIC, seamlessly integrated into the UKB imaging processing pipeline. The Lasso algorithm was employed for brain-age prediction, utilizing derived phenotypes obtained from brain imaging data. Subpopulations of accelerated brain aging (ABA) and resilient brain aging (RBA) were delineated based on the error between actual age and predicted brain age. The ABA subgroup comprised 1949 subjects (experimental group), while the RBA subgroup comprised 3203 subjects (control group). Semi-supervised heterogeneity through discriminant analysis (HYDRA) refined and characterized the ABA subgroups based on distinctive neuroimaging features. HYDRA systematically stratified ABA subjects into three subtypes: SubGroup 2 exhibited extensive gray-matter atrophy, distinctive white-matter patterns, and unique connectivity features, displaying lower cognitive performance; SubGroup 3 demonstrated minimal atrophy, superior cognitive performance, and higher physical activity; and SubGroup 1 occupied an intermediate position. This investigation underscores pronounced structural and functional heterogeneity in ABA, revealing three subtypes and paving the way for personalized neuroprotective treatments for age-related neurological, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shen Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Shuicai Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Translation, Beijing International Base for Scientific and Technological Cooperation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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Dutta S, Goodrich JM, Dolinoy DC, Ruden DM. Biological Aging Acceleration Due to Environmental Exposures: An Exciting New Direction in Toxicogenomics Research. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:16. [PMID: 38275598 PMCID: PMC10815440 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological clock technologies are designed to assess the acceleration of biological age (B-age) in diverse cell types, offering a distinctive opportunity in toxicogenomic research to explore the impact of environmental stressors, social challenges, and unhealthy lifestyles on health impairment. These clocks also play a role in identifying factors that can hinder aging and promote a healthy lifestyle. Over the past decade, researchers in epigenetics have developed testing methods that predict the chronological and biological age of organisms. These methods rely on assessing DNA methylation (DNAm) levels at specific CpG sites, RNA levels, and various biomolecules across multiple cell types, tissues, and entire organisms. Commonly known as 'biological clocks' (B-clocks), these estimators hold promise for gaining deeper insights into the pathways contributing to the development of age-related disorders. They also provide a foundation for devising biomedical or social interventions to prevent, reverse, or mitigate these disorders. This review article provides a concise overview of various epigenetic clocks and explores their susceptibility to environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Dutta
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA;
| | - Jaclyn M. Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.M.G.); (D.C.D.)
| | - Dana C. Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; (J.M.G.); (D.C.D.)
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Douglas M. Ruden
- C. S. Mott Center for Human Health and Development, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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8
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Manchia M, Paribello P, Pisanu C, Congiu D, Antoniades A, Vogazianos P, Tozzi F, Pinna F, Aristodimou A, Caria P, Dettori T, Frau DV, Cocco C, Noli B, Panebianco C, Pazienza V, Carpiniello B, Squassina A. A Pilot Interaction Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Peripheral Markers of Aging in Severe Psychiatric Disorders: A Role for Lachnoclostridium? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17618. [PMID: 38139446 PMCID: PMC10744008 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive predominance of pathological species in the gut microbiota could increase the production of inflammatory mediators at the gut level and, via modification of the gut-blood barrier, at the systemic level. This pro-inflammatory state could, in turn, increase biological aging that is generally proxied by telomere shortening. In this study, we present findings from a secondary interaction analysis of gut microbiota, aging, and inflammatory marker data from a cohort of patients with different diagnoses of severe mental disorders. We analyzed 15 controls, 35 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), and 31 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) recruited among those attending a community mental health center (50 males and 31 females, mean and median age 46.8 and 46.3 years, respectively). We performed 16S rRNA sequencing as well as measurement of telomere length via quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. We applied statistical modeling with logistic regression to test for interaction between gut microbiota and these markers. Our results showed statistically significant interactions between telomere length and gut microbiota pointing to the genus Lachnostridium, which remained significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of MDD even after adjustment for a series of covariates. Although exploratory, these findings show that specific gut microbiota signatures overexpressing Lachnoclostridium and interacting with biological aging could modulate the liability for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Manchia
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy; (P.P.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Pasquale Paribello
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy; (P.P.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Athos Antoniades
- Stremble Ventures Ltd., Limassol 4042, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.V.); (F.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Paris Vogazianos
- Stremble Ventures Ltd., Limassol 4042, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.V.); (F.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Federica Tozzi
- Stremble Ventures Ltd., Limassol 4042, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.V.); (F.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Federica Pinna
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy; (P.P.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aristos Aristodimou
- Stremble Ventures Ltd., Limassol 4042, Cyprus; (A.A.); (P.V.); (F.T.); (A.A.)
| | - Paola Caria
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (T.D.); (D.V.F.)
| | - Tinuccia Dettori
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (T.D.); (D.V.F.)
| | - Daniela Virginia Frau
- Unit of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (P.C.); (T.D.); (D.V.F.)
| | - Cristina Cocco
- NEF Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.C.); (B.N.)
| | - Barbara Noli
- NEF Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.C.); (B.N.)
| | - Concetta Panebianco
- Gastreonterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (C.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Valerio Pazienza
- Gastreonterology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza Hospital, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy; (C.P.); (V.P.)
| | - Bernardo Carpiniello
- Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy; (P.P.); (F.P.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, 09127 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Unit of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (A.S.)
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9
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Mlakar V, Birkenæs V, Elvsaashagen T, Ormerod MBEG, Quintana DS, Ueland T, Melle I, Lagerberg TV, Djurovic S, Martin-Ruiz C, Steen NE, Andreassen OA, Aas M. Telomere length and verbal learning in bipolar disorders. J Affect Disord 2023; 339:555-560. [PMID: 37459977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies indicate accelerated ageing processes, shorter telomere length and poorer cognitive functioning in patients with bipolar disorder. The neurobiology underlying cognitive function in bipolar disorder is yet to be established. We anticipated that accelerated ageing as indicated by shortened telomere length, would be associated with reduced cognitive performance in bipolar disorder, particularly for ageing sensitive functions such as memory and learning. METHODS The study consisted of 647 participants (bipolar disorder [n = 246] and healthy controls [n = 401]). All participants underwent a standardized neuropsychological test battery, including working memory, executive functioning, processing speed, verbal learning, and verbal memory. Leucocyte telomere length was measured via blood and determined by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) providing a telomere to single copy ratio (T/S ratio). The T/S ratio was used as an estimate of the mean telomere length of each participant. All analyses were adjusted for medication, Daily Defined Dose (DDD), chronological age, sex, and ethnicity. RESULTS Patients had shorter telomere lengths than healthy controls (Cohen's d = 0.11, p = 0.01). Within patients', a positive association was observed for verbal learning and telomere length (β = 0.14, p = 0.025), along with a trend for verbal memory and telomere length (β = 0.11, p = 0.07). No other associations were observed for telomere length and cognitive functioning in the patient or the control group (p > 0.1). CONCLUSION Our study may suggest poorer brain health in bipolar disorder as indexed by shorter telomere length and reduced learning correlates. However, the role of telomere length on cognitive functioning in bipolar disorder seems limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vid Mlakar
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - Viktoria Birkenæs
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsaashagen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica B E G Ormerod
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torill Ueland
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Melle
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Trine V Lagerberg
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility-CAV, Ageing Research Laboratories, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, UK
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica Aas
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK; Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Dept. of Behavioural Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Mutz J, Lewis CM. Telomere Length Associations With Clinical Diagnosis, Age, and Polygenic Risk Scores for Anxiety Disorder, Depression, and Bipolar Disorder. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:1012-1020. [PMID: 37881560 PMCID: PMC10593885 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accelerated biological aging might contribute to the lower life expectancy of individuals with mental disorders. The aim of this study was to characterize telomere length, a biological hallmark of aging, in individuals with mental disorders. Methods The UK Biobank is a multicenter community-based observational study that recruited >500,000 middle-aged and older adults. Average leukocyte telomere length (telomere repeat copy number/single-copy gene ratio) was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) were calculated for individuals of European ancestry. We estimated differences in telomere length between individuals with anxiety disorder, depression, or bipolar disorder and people without mental disorders and examined associations with psychotropic medication use, age, and PRSs for these 3 disorders. Results The analyses included up to 308,725 participants. Individuals with depression had shorter telomeres than people without mental disorders (β = -0.011, 95% CI, -0.019 to -0.004, Bonferroni-corrected p = .027). Associations between bipolar disorder and telomere length differed by lithium use. There was limited evidence that individuals with an anxiety disorder had shorter telomeres. There was no evidence that associations between age and telomere length differed between individuals with and without these disorders. PRSs for depression, but not anxiety disorder or bipolar disorder, were associated with shorter telomeres (β = -0.006, 95% CI, -0.010 to -0.003, Bonferroni-corrected p = .001). Conclusions Differences in telomere length were observed primarily for individuals with depression or bipolar disorder and in individuals with a higher PRS for depression. There was no evidence that the association between age and telomere length differed between individuals with and without an anxiety disorder, depression, or bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Mutz
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cathryn M. Lewis
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Martinez S, Jones JD. A pilot study examining the relationship between chronic heroin use and telomere length among individuals of African ancestry. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2023; 231:173631. [PMID: 37689117 PMCID: PMC10545475 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2023.173631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has suggested a possible link between heroin use and shortened telomere length (TL), a marker of cellular aging and genomic stability. We sought to replicate these findings by examining the relationship between TL and heroin use among individuals of African ancestry. METHODS This cross-sectional study examined TL among 57 participants [17.5 % female; mean age 48.0 (±6.80) years] of African ancestry with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) and a mean heroin use duration of 18.2 (±10.7) years. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to calculate TL as the ratio between telomere repeat copy number (T) and a single-copy gene, copy number (S). The primary dependent variable was TL (T/S Ratio) measured in kilobase pairs. Covariates included heroin use years and personality traits. Using a hybrid approach, multiple linear regression and Bayesian linear regression examined the association of chronological age, heroin use years and personality traits with TL. RESULTS The multiple linear regression model fit the data well, R2 = 0.265, F(7,49) = 2.53, p < .026. Chronological age (β = -0.36, p = .017), neuroticism (β = 0.46, p = .044), and conscientiousness (β = 0.52, p = .040) were significant predictors of TL. Bayesian linear regression provided moderate support for the alternate hypothesis that chronological age and TL are associated, BF10 = 5.77, R2 = 0.120. The posterior summary of the coefficient was M = 0.719 (SD = 0.278, 95 % credible interval [-1.28, -0.163]). CONCLUSIONS Contrary to prior studies, these findings suggest that heroin use duration may not be significantly associated with TL among individuals of African ancestry, highlighting the need for more rigorous research to elucidate the complexity of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suky Martinez
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Jermaine D Jones
- Division on Substance Use Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
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12
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Mayer SE, Guan J, Lin J, Hamlat E, Parker JE, Brownell K, Price C, Mujahid M, Tomiyama AJ, Slavich GM, Laraia BA, Epel ES. Intergenerational effects of maternal lifetime stressor exposure on offspring telomere length in Black and White women. Psychol Med 2023; 53:6171-6182. [PMID: 36457292 PMCID: PMC10235210 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722003397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although maternal stressor exposure has been associated with shorter telomere length (TL) in offspring, this literature is based largely on White samples. Furthermore, timing of maternal stressors has rarely been examined. Here, we examined how maternal stressors occurring during adolescence, pregnancy, and across the lifespan related to child TL in Black and White mothers. METHOD Mothers (112 Black; 110 White; Mage = 39) and their youngest offspring (n = 222; Mage = 8) were part of a larger prospective cohort study, wherein mothers reported their stressors during adolescence (assessed twice during adolescence for the past year), pregnancy (assessed in midlife for most recent pregnancy), and across their lifespan (assessed in midlife). Mother and child provided saliva for TL measurement. Multiple linear regression models examined the interaction of maternal stressor exposure and race in relation to child TL, controlling for maternal TL and child gender and age. Race-stratified analyses were also conducted. RESULTS Neither maternal adolescence nor lifespan stressors interacted with race in relation to child TL. In contrast, greater maternal pregnancy stressors were associated with shorter child TL, but this effect was present for children of White but not Black mothers. Moreover, this effect was significant for financial but not social pregnancy stressors. Race-stratified models revealed that greater financial pregnancy stressors predicted shorter telomeres in offspring of White, but not Black mothers. CONCLUSIONS Race and maternal stressors interact and are related to biological aging across generations, but these effects are specific to certain races, stressors, and exposure time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie E. Mayer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA
| | - Joanna Guan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Elissa Hamlat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA
| | - Jordan E. Parker
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kristy Brownell
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Candice Price
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mahasin Mujahid
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - A. Janet Tomiyama
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - George M. Slavich
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Barbara A. Laraia
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Elissa S. Epel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA
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13
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Shindo R, Tanifuji T, Okazaki S, Otsuka I, Shirai T, Mouri K, Horai T, Hishimoto A. Accelerated epigenetic aging and decreased natural killer cells based on DNA methylation in patients with untreated major depressive disorder. NPJ AGING 2023; 9:19. [PMID: 37673891 PMCID: PMC10482893 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-023-00117-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to cause significant disability. Genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles can be used to estimate biological aging and as epigenetic clocks. However, information on epigenetic clocks reported in MDD patients is inconsistent. Since antidepressants are likely confounders, we evaluated biological aging using various DNAm-based predictors in patients with MDD who had never received depression medication. A publicly available dataset consisting of whole blood samples from untreated MDD patients (n = 40) and controls (n = 40) was used. We analyzed five epigenetic clocks (HorvathAge, HannumAge, SkinBloodAge, PhenoAge, and GrimAge), DNAm-based telomere length (DNAmTL), and DNAm-based age-related plasma proteins (GrimAge components), as well as DNAm-based white blood cell composition. The results indicate that patients with untreated MDD were significantly associated with epigenetic aging acceleration in HannumAge and GrimAge. Furthermore, a decrease in natural killer cells, based on DNAm, was observed in patients with untreated MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Shindo
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takaki Tanifuji
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Okazaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
| | - Ikuo Otsuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shirai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mouri
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadasu Horai
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akitoyo Hishimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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14
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Brown RL, Epel EE, Lin J, Dubal DB, Prather AA. Associations between klotho and telomere biology in high stress caregivers. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:7381-7396. [PMID: 37580799 PMCID: PMC10457041 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers may be related to each other through direct co-regulation and/or through being regulated by common processes associated with chronological aging or stress. Klotho is an aging regulator that acts as a circulating hormone with critical involvement in regulating insulin signaling, phosphate homeostasis, oxidative stress, and age-related inflammatory functioning. Both klotho and telomere length are biomarkers of biological aging and decrease with age; however, the relationship between them is not well understood. Here we test the association between klotho levels and the telomere length of specific sorted immune cells among a healthy sample of mothers caregiving for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; i.e., experiencing higher caregiving stress) or a child without ASD, covarying age and body mass index, in order to understand if high stress associated with caregiving for a child with an ASD may be involved in any association between these aging biomarkers. In 178 caregiving women (n = 90 high-stress mothers of children with ASD, n = 88 low-stress mothers of neurotypical children), we found that klotho levels were positively associated with telomere length in PBMCs (an effect driven by CD4+ and CD8+CD28- T cells) among high-stress mothers of children with an ASD but not among low-stress mothers of neurotypical children. There were no significant associations between klotho and telomerase activity in either group, across cell types assessed here. Our results suggest that klotho levels and telomere length may be associated through a coordinated downregulation of longevity factors occurring under higher stress caregiving conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L. Brown
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Elissa E. Epel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Dena B. Dubal
- Department of Neurology and Weill Institute of Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Aric A. Prather
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
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15
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Ratanatharathorn A, Roberts AL, Chibnik LB, Choi KW, De Vivo I, Kim Y, Nishimi K, Rimm EB, Sumner JA, Kubzansky LD, Koenen KC. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Accelerated Aging: Leukocyte Telomere Length in the Nurses' Health Study II. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 3:510-518. [PMID: 37519465 PMCID: PMC10382693 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression have been independently associated with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a cellular marker of aging associated with mortality and age-related diseases. However, the joint contributions of trauma and its psychological sequelae on LTL have not been examined. Methods We conducted an analysis of LTL in a subset of women from the Nurses' Health Study II (N = 1868). Lifetime exposure to traumatic events, PTSD, and depression was assessed with validated measures. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and telomere repeat copy number to single gene copy number was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction telomere assay. Linear regression models assessed the association of trauma, PTSD, and depression with LTL after adjustment for health behaviors and medical conditions. Results Trauma, PTSD, and depression were not independently associated with LTL in mutually adjusted models. However, individuals with severe psychological distress-characterized by comorbid PTSD and depression-had shorter LTL equivalent to being 7.62 years older (95% CI, 0.02 to 17.97) than participants who had never experienced a traumatic event and were not depressed. Further examination found only an association among individuals with the highest number of PTSD symptoms and comorbid depression equivalent to 9.71 additional years of aging (95% CI, 1.36 to 20.49). No effect was found among individuals meeting the minimum threshold for probable PTSD with comorbid depression. Conclusions Severe psychological distress, as indicated by the presence of comorbid PTSD and depression, may be associated with shorter LTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea L. Roberts
- Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lori B. Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karmel W. Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Immaculata De Vivo
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital - Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yongjoo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kristen Nishimi
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Mental Health Service, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, California
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Eric B. Rimm
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer A. Sumner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Laura D. Kubzansky
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Karestan C. Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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16
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Rampersaud R, Wu GWY, Reus VI, Lin J, Blackburn EH, Epel ES, Hough CM, Mellon SH, Wolkowitz OM. Shorter telomere length predicts poor antidepressant response and poorer cardiometabolic indices in major depression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10238. [PMID: 37353495 PMCID: PMC10290110 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35912-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Telomere length (TL) is a marker of biological aging, and shorter telomeres have been associated with several medical and psychiatric disorders, including cardiometabolic dysregulation and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). In addition, studies have shown shorter TL to be associated with poorer response to certain psychotropic medications, and our previous work suggested shorter TL and higher telomerase activity (TA) predicts poorer response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) treatment. Using a new group of unmedicated medically healthy individuals with MDD (n = 48), we sought to replicate our prior findings demonstrating that peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) TL and TA predict response to SSRI treatment and to identify associations between TL and TA with biological stress mediators and cardiometabolic risk indices. Our results demonstrate that longer pre-treatment TL was associated with better response to SSRI treatment (β = .407 p = .007). Additionally, we observed that TL had a negative relationship with allostatic load (β = - .320 p = .017) and a cardiometabolic risk score (β = - .300 p = .025). Our results suggest that PBMC TL reflects, in part, the cumulative effects of physiological stress and cardiovascular risk in MDD and may be a biomarker for predicting SSRI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Rampersaud
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Gwyneth W Y Wu
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Victor I Reus
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jue Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Blackburn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Elissa S Epel
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Christina M Hough
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Synthia H Mellon
- Department of OB-GYN and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Owen M Wolkowitz
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
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17
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Zhang T, Sun Y, Wei J, Zhao G, Hao W, Lv Z, Chen X, Liu Y, Wei F. Shorter telomere length in children with autism spectrum disorder is associated with oxidative stress. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1209638. [PMID: 37333916 PMCID: PMC10272824 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1209638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors. The balance between antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress (OS) induced free radicals may be crucial during the pathophysiological development of ASD. Methods In this study, 96 children with ASD who met the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders were collected, and the number of children in the typical development (TD) group was matched by 1:1. Digital PCR (dPCR) for telomere length (TL) expression in ASD in peripheral blood leukocytes. Urine levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) content were measured by tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and corrected by urinary creatinine levels. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and capacity (AOC) were detected by kits. Results The TL of the ASD group was shorter than the TD group (p < 0.01) and had some accurate predictive significance for the identification of ASD (AUC = 0.632, 95% CI: 0.533-0.710, p = 0.002). Both 8-OHdG content and SOD activity in the ASD group were significantly higher than those in the TD group (p < 0.05). Shortened TL (Monofactor: 2.20 (1.22, 3.96), p = 0.009; Multifactor: 2.22 (1.22, 4.00), p = 0.008) and reduced CAT activity (Monofactor: 2.31 (1.28, 4.17), p = 0.006; Multifactor: 2.31 (1.28, 4.18), p = 0.006) are risk factors for the development of ASD, while reduced 8-OHdG content (Monofactor: 0.29 (0.14, 0.60), p = 0.001; Multifactor: 0.27 (0.13, 0.57), p = 0.001) and reduced SOD activity (Monofactor: 0.55 (0.31, 0.98), p = 0.042; Multifactor: 0.54 (0.30, 0.98), p = 0.042) are protective factors for the development of ASD. Conclusion In this study, TL and OS were significantly different between the ASD group and the TD group. As guanine-rich telomere sequences were likely damaged by oxygen free radicals, creating OS, which is a factor in the incidence and progression of ASDs. In conclusion, oxidative damage occurs in the bodies of children with ASD, which may lead to sustained disease progression and severe clinical manifestations. We assume that timely supplementation of antioxidants is very likely to be a potential treatment for early intervention in children with ASD. Identification and detection of OS-related biomarkers may contribute to early diagnosis and timely interventions in young patients with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhang
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanan Sun
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhao
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenqi Hao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Zhihai Lv
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohang Chen
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- Longgang District Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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18
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Daoust AR, Thakur A, Kotelnikova Y, Kleiber ML, Singh SM, Hayden EP. Associations Between Children's Telomere Length, Parental Intrusiveness, and the Development of Early Externalizing Behaviors. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023; 54:672-682. [PMID: 34727279 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-021-01279-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Shorter telomeres mark cellular aging and are linked to chronic stress exposure as well as negative physical and psychological outcomes. However, it is unclear whether telomere length mediates associations between early stress exposure and later externalizing problems, or whether boys and girls differ in pathways to these concerns. We therefore examined associations between telomere length, early stress via negative caregiving, and children's externalizing symptom development over time in 409 three-year-old children and their parents. Telomere length mediated the association between early parental intrusiveness and later rule-breaking behavior; however, this association was moderated by children's biological sex such that parent intrusiveness was related only to boys' rule-breaking. Findings support the notion that children's telomere length may mark individual differences in responses to negative early caregiving, and highlight a potential mechanism contributing to the development of rule-breaking problems in boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Daoust
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychology, Brain and Mind Institute, Western University, Western Interdisciplinary Research Building, Room 2178, Perth Drive, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada.
| | - Aditi Thakur
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | | | - Morgan L Kleiber
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Shiva M Singh
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth P Hayden
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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19
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Yusupov N, Dieckmann L, Erhart M, Sauer S, Rex-Haffner M, Kopf-Beck J, Brückl TM, Czamara D, Binder EB. Transdiagnostic evaluation of epigenetic age acceleration and burden of psychiatric disorders. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023:10.1038/s41386-023-01579-3. [PMID: 37069357 PMCID: PMC10354057 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Different psychiatric disorders as well as exposure to adverse life events have individually been associated with multiple age-related diseases and mortality. Age acceleration in different epigenetic clocks can serve as biomarker for such risk and could help to disentangle the interplay of psychiatric comorbidity and early adversity on age-related diseases and mortality. We evaluated five epigenetic clocks (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, GrimAge and DunedinPoAm) in a transdiagnostic psychiatric sample using epigenome-wide DNA methylation data from peripheral blood of 429 subjects from two studies at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry. Burden of psychiatric disease, represented by a weighted score, was significantly associated with biological age acceleration as measured by GrimAge and DunedinPoAm (R2-adj. 0.22 and 0.33 for GrimAge and DunedinPoAm, respectively), but not the other investigated clocks. The relation of burden of psychiatric disease appeared independent of differences in socioeconomic status and medication. Our findings indicate that increased burden of psychiatric disease may associate with accelerated biological aging. This highlights the importance of medical management of patients with multiple psychiatric comorbidities and the potential usefulness of specific epigenetic clocks for early detection of risk and targeted intervention to reduce mortality in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natan Yusupov
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany.
| | - Linda Dieckmann
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Mira Erhart
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
- International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Susann Sauer
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Monika Rex-Haffner
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Johannes Kopf-Beck
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja M Brückl
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Darina Czamara
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Elisabeth B Binder
- Department of Translational Research in Psychiatry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, 80804, Germany
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20
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Lavretsky H. Does Late-Life Depression Accelerate Aging? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:309-312. [PMID: 36690517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.
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21
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Kello E, Vieira AR, Rivas-Tumanyan S, Campos-Rivera M, Martinez-Gonzalez KG, Buxó CJ, Morou-Bermúdez E. Pre- and peri-natal hurricane exposure alters DNA methylation patterns in children. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3875. [PMID: 36890172 PMCID: PMC9995354 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30645-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hurricane Maria was the worst recorded natural disaster to affect Puerto Rico. Increased stress in pregnant women during and in the aftermath of the hurricane may have induced epigenetic changes in their infants, which could affect gene expression. Stage of gestation at the time of the event was associated with significant differences in DNA methylation in the infants, especially those who were at around 20-25 weeks of gestation when the hurricane struck. Significant differences in DNA methylation were also associated with maternal mental status assessed after the hurricane, and with property damage. Hurricane Maria could have long lasting consequences to children who were exposed to this disaster during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Kello
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Carmen J Buxó
- University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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22
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Lavretsky H. Does Late-Life Depression Accelerate Aging? Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2023; 31:10-13. [PMID: 36216691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.
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23
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Walia N, Sidana A, Arun P, Kaur G, Sharma V. Telomerase enzyme activity in patients with major depressive disorder: A pre and post-treatment study. J Affect Disord 2023; 320:268-274. [PMID: 36191646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomerase is a cellular enzyme that prevents telomere shortening and promoting viability. The literature has reported shortened telomere length in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS 35 patients with diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) fulfilling DMS-5 criteria in the age range of 18-60 years, treatment-naïve after assessing the severity on HAM-D and HAM-A and 35 age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Baseline peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) telomerase enzyme was assessed in cases and controls and repeated in cases of MDD at 8th week after intervention with escitalopram for 8 weeks. RESULTS Pretreatment telomerase activity (TA) was elevated in cases as compared to controls and it was also significantly correlated to the severity of depression (p = 0.00). There was a significant positive difference in telomerase activity between non-responders (higher TA) and responders at baseline (p = 0.001) and 8th week (p = 0.012). The TA did not vary significantly amidst pretreatment and post-treatment, although it was slightly lower in the post-treatment group. LIMITATIONS The study has few limitations in the form of small sample size, shorter duration of follow-up, and leucocyte telomeres length (LTL) was not assessed. CONCLUSION The index study concludes that TA is higher in drug naïve patients with MDD than age and sex matched healthy control. The non-responders had significantly higher TA as compared to responders at baseline and post-treatment which indicates TA as a potential biomarker in the underlying biological mechanism of MDD and in response to antidepressant pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nethi Walia
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajeet Sidana
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India.
| | - Priti Arun
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurjit Kaur
- Department of Physiology, Genetic Centre, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Genetic Centre, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India
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24
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Depression, aging, and immunity: implications for COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity. Immun Ageing 2022; 19:32. [PMID: 35836263 PMCID: PMC9281075 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-022-00288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aging process can have detrimental effects on the immune system rendering the elderly more susceptible to infectious disease and less responsive to vaccination. Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been hypothesized to show characteristics of accelerated biological aging. This raises the possibility that depressed individuals will show some overlap with elderly populations with respect to their immune response to infection and vaccination. Here we provide an umbrella review of this literature in the context of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. On balance, the available data do indeed suggest that depression is a risk factor for both adverse outcomes following COVID-19 infection and for reduced COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity. We conclude that MDD (and other major psychiatric disorders) should be recognized as vulnerable populations that receive priority for vaccination along with other at-risk groups.
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25
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Zhao X, Logue MW, Hawn SE, Neale ZE, Zhou Z, Huber BR, Miller MW, Wolf EJ. PTSD, major depression, and advanced transcriptomic age in brain tissue. Depress Anxiety 2022; 39:824-834. [PMID: 36281744 PMCID: PMC9729392 DOI: 10.1002/da.23289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders have been associated with advanced epigenetic age in DNA methylation, yet this relationship has not been studied in the brain transcriptome. We examined transcriptomic age using an RNA-based algorithm recently developed by Ren and Kuan ("RNAAgeCalc") and the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and alcohol use disorder with age-adjusted RNA age ("RNA age residuals") in three brain regions: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and motor cortex. METHODS RNA sequencing was used to measure gene expression in postmortem brain tissue from the VA National PTSD Brain Bank (n = 94; 59% male). RESULTS Linear models revealed that diagnoses of PTSD and/or MDD were positively associated with RNA age residuals in vmPFC only (p-adj = 0.012). Three genes in the RNAAgeCalc algorithm (KCNJ16, HYAL2, and CEBPB) were also differentially expressed in association with PTSD/MDD in vmPFC (p-adj = 6.45E-05 to 0.02). Enrichment analysis revealed that inflammatory and immune-related pathways were overrepresented (p-adj < 0.05) among the 43 genes in RNAAgeCalc that were also at least nominally associated with PTSD/MDD in vmPFC relative to the 448 RNAAgeCalc genes. Endothelial and mural cells were negatively associated with RNA age residuals in vmPFC (both p-adj = 0.028) and with PTSD/MDD (both p-adj = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS Results highlight the importance of inflammation and immune system dysregulation in the link between psychopathology and accelerated cellular aging and raise the possibility that blood-brain barrier degradation may play an important role in stress-related accelerated brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark W. Logue
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Biomedical Genetics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sage E. Hawn
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoe E. Neale
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhenwei Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bertrand R. Huber
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Mark W. Miller
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika J. Wolf
- National Center for PTSD at VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Squassina A, Meloni A, Congiu D, Bosganas P, Patrinos GP, Lin R, Turecki G, Severino G, Ardau R, Chillotti C, Pisanu C. Analysis on in vitro effect of lithium on telomere length in lymphoblastoid cell lines from bipolar disorder patients with different clinical response to long-term lithium treatment. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:45. [PMID: 36253798 PMCID: PMC9575289 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with clinical and biological features of accelerated aging. In our previous studies, we showed that long-term lithium treatment was correlated with longer leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in BD patients. A recent study explored the role of TL in BD using patients-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), showing that baseline TL was shorter in BD compared to controls and that lithium in vitro increased TL but only in BD. Here, we used the same cell system (LCLs) to explore if a 7-day treatment protocol with lithium chloride (LiCl) 1 mM was able to highlight differences in TL between BD patients clinically responders (Li-R; n = 15) or non-responders (Li-NR; n = 15) to lithium, and if BD differed from non-psychiatric controls (HC; n = 15).
Results There was no difference in TL between BD patients and HC. Moreover, LiCl did not influence TL in the overall sample, and there was no difference between diagnostic or clinical response groups. Likewise, LiCl did not affect TL in neural precursor cells from healthy donors. Conclusions Our findings suggest that a 7-day lithium treatment protocol and the use of LCLs might not represent a suitable approach to deepen our understanding on the role of altered telomere dynamics in BD as previously suggested by studies in vivo. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40246-022-00418-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Squassina
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Sp 8 Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Mosnerrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Anna Meloni
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Sp 8 Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Mosnerrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Donatella Congiu
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Sp 8 Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Mosnerrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Panagiotis Bosganas
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - George P Patrinos
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Genetics and Genomics, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Rixing Lin
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Giovanni Severino
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Sp 8 Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Mosnerrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Ardau
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Chillotti
- Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Agency of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisanu
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Sp 8 Sestu-Monserrato, Km 0.700, Mosnerrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
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27
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Hautekiet P, Saenen ND, Martens DS, Debay M, Van der Heyden J, Nawrot TS, De Clercq EM. A healthy lifestyle is positively associated with mental health and well-being and core markers in ageing. BMC Med 2022; 20:328. [PMID: 36171556 PMCID: PMC9520873 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02524-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies often evaluate mental health and well-being in association with individual health behaviours although evaluating multiple health behaviours that co-occur in real life may reveal important insights into the overall association. Also, the underlying pathways of how lifestyle might affect our health are still under debate. Here, we studied the mediation of different health behaviours or lifestyle factors on mental health and its effect on core markers of ageing: telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc). METHODS In this study, 6054 adults from the 2018 Belgian Health Interview Survey (BHIS) were included. Mental health and well-being outcomes included psychological and severe psychological distress, vitality, life satisfaction, self-perceived health, depressive and generalised anxiety disorder and suicidal ideation. A lifestyle score integrating diet, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol consumption and BMI was created and validated. On a subset of 739 participants, leucocyte TL and mtDNAc were assessed using qPCR. Generalised linear mixed models were used while adjusting for a priori chosen covariates. RESULTS The average age (SD) of the study population was 49.9 (17.5) years, and 48.8% were men. A one-point increment in the lifestyle score was associated with lower odds (ranging from 0.56 to 0.74) for all studied mental health outcomes and with a 1.74% (95% CI: 0.11, 3.40%) longer TL and 4.07% (95% CI: 2.01, 6.17%) higher mtDNAc. Psychological distress and suicidal ideation were associated with a lower mtDNAc of - 4.62% (95% CI: - 8.85, - 0.20%) and - 7.83% (95% CI: - 14.77, - 0.34%), respectively. No associations were found between mental health and TL. CONCLUSIONS In this large-scale study, we showed the positive association between a healthy lifestyle and both biological ageing and different dimensions of mental health and well-being. We also indicated that living a healthy lifestyle contributes to more favourable biological ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hautekiet
- Sciensano, Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium. .,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium.
| | - Nelly D Saenen
- Sciensano, Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Dries S Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Margot Debay
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Johan Van der Heyden
- Sciensano, Epidemiology and Public Health, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium.,Centre for Environment and Health, Leuven University, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva M De Clercq
- Sciensano, Risk and Health Impact Assessment, Juliette Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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28
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Bürgin D, Clemens V, Varghese N, Eckert A, Huber M, Bruttin E, Boonmann C, Unternährer E, O'Donovan A, Schmid M. Adverse and traumatic exposures, posttraumatic stress disorder, telomere length, and hair cortisol – Exploring associations in a high-risk sample of young adult residential care leavers. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 26:100524. [PMID: 36213488 PMCID: PMC9535425 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Childhood adversities (CAs), potentially traumatic exposures (PTEs), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are known to increase the risk for poor health outcomes, including diseases of aging and early mortality. Telomere length (TL) and hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) are biomarkers known to be associated with CA and PTEs, and PTSD, but there is considerable heterogeneity in findings. Objectives This study aims to investigate the association of CAs, PTEs, and PTSD with TL and HCC in a high-risk sample of young adults who were previously placed in youth residential care institutions throughout Switzerland. Method Our sample includes 130 participants (30.8% women, M Age = 26.5 ± 3.7 years) with previous youth residential care placements (MPlacements= 3.9). CAs and PTEs, as well as PTSD, were assessed with self-reported questionnaires and semi-structured clinical interviews. Immune cell TL was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in whole blood. Hair samples were collected for HCC measurement and assayed with high-sensitivity ELISA. Multivariate regression models were fitted to describe the associations between CAs, PTEs, and PTSD with TL and HCC, adjusting for covariates. Results In our high-risk sample, a higher burden of CAs, PTEs, Criterion A trauma, and PTSD was associated with longer TL. PTEs, Criterion A trauma, and PTSD were associated with lower HCC, however no significant associations between CAs and HCC were found. The magnitude of these effects varied depending on the dimensional or categorical nature of the stress-phenotype and the specific measure used. Conclusions Our findings are in contrast with many, but not all, previous studies of associations between adversity and both TL and HCC. For instance, our findings are in line with other studies that find a state of hypocortisolism in PTSD. Better measurement of adversities and trauma, multisystem biomarker approaches, and more research in larger high-risk samples at the upper end of the adversity-continuum is warranted. In this high-risk sample,childhood adversities, potential traumatic exposures, criterion A trauma, or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was associated with longer telomere length (TL). Potentially traumatic exposures, criterion A trauma, and PTSD were associated with lower hair cortisol concentrations. The magnitude of these effects varied depending on the dimensional or categorical nature of the stress-phenotype and the specific measure used. Hypocortisolism might explain findings of longer TL in participants with cumulated adverse and traumatic exposures. Research in high-risk populations is strongly needed as results across the entire spectrum of adversity exposures may not generalize to the top end of the spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bürgin
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Corresponding author. University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Wilhelm-Klein Strasse 27, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Vera Clemens
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nimmy Varghese
- Neurobiological Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Neurobiological Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mara Huber
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Evelyne Bruttin
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Boonmann
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Unternährer
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aoife O'Donovan
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marc Schmid
- Research Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Jorgensen A, Baago IB, Rygner Z, Jorgensen MB, Andersen PK, Kessing LV, Poulsen HE. Association of Oxidative Stress-Induced Nucleic Acid Damage With Psychiatric Disorders in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2022; 79:920-931. [PMID: 35921094 PMCID: PMC9350850 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Nucleic acid damage from oxidative stress (NA-OXS) may be a molecular mechanism driving the severely increased morbidity and mortality from somatic causes in adults with psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE To systematically retrieve and analyze data on NA-OXS across the psychiatric disorder diagnostic spectrum. DATA SOURCES The PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to November 16, 2021. A hand search of reference lists of relevant articles was also performed. STUDY SELECTION Key study inclusion criteria in this meta-analysis were as follows: adult human study population, measurement of any marker of DNA or RNA damage from oxidative stress, and either a (1) cross-sectional design comparing patients with psychiatric disorders (any diagnosis) with a control group or (2) prospective intervention. Two authors screened the studies, and 2 senior authors read the relevant articles in full and assessed them for eligibility. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Two authors performed data extraction independently, and a senior coauthor was consulted in cases of disagreement. Data were synthesized with random-effects and multilevel meta-analyses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The predefined hypothesis was that individuals with psychiatric disorders have increased NA-OXS levels. The main outcome was the standardized mean differences (SMDs) among patients and controls in nucleic acid oxidation markers compared across diagnostic groups. Analyses were divided into combinations of biological matrices and nucleic acids. RESULTS Eighty-two studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, comprising 205 patient vs control group comparisons and a total of 10 151 patient and 10 532 control observations. Overall, the data showed that patients with psychiatric disorders had higher NA-OXS levels vs controls across matrices and molecules. Pooled effect sizes ranged from moderate for urinary DNA markers (SMD = 0.44 [95% CI, 0.20-0.68]; P < .001) to very large for blood cell DNA markers (SMD = 1.12 [95% CI, 0.69-1.55; P < .001). Higher NA-OXS levels were observed among patients with dementias followed by psychotic and bipolar disorders. Sensitivity analyses excluding low-quality studies did not materially alter the results. Intervention studies were few and too heterogenous for meaningful meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this meta-analysis suggest that there is an association with increased NA-OXS levels in individuals across the psychiatric disorder diagnostic spectrum. NA-OXS may play a role in the somatic morbidity and mortality observed among individuals with psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Jorgensen
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ida Bendixen Baago
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zerlina Rygner
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark,Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - Martin Balslev Jorgensen
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Enghusen Poulsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark,Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark,Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
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Ahmed R, Ryan C, Christman S, Elson D, Bermudez C, Landman BA, Szymkowicz SM, Boyd BD, Kang H, Taylor WD. Structural MRI-Based Measures of Accelerated Brain Aging do not Moderate the Acute Antidepressant Response in Late-Life Depression. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2022; 30:1015-1025. [PMID: 34949526 PMCID: PMC9142760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Late-life depression (LLD) is characterized by accelerated biological aging. Accelerated brain aging, estimated from structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data by a machine learning algorithm, is associated with LLD diagnosis, poorer cognitive performance, and disability. We hypothesized that accelerated brain aging moderates the antidepressant response. DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS Following MRI, participants entered an 8-week randomized, controlled trial of escitalopram. Nonremitting participants then entered an open-label 8-week trial of bupropion. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-five individuals with LLD. MEASUREMENTS A machine learning algorithm estimated each participant's brain age from sMRI data. This was used to calculate the brain-age gap (BAG), or how estimated age differed from chronological age. Secondary sMRI measures of aging pathology included white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volumes and hippocampal volumes. Mixed models examined the relationship between sMRI measures and change in depression severity. Initial analyses tested for a moderating effect of MRI measures on change in depression severity with escitalopram. Subsequent analyses tested for the effect of MRI measures on change in depression severity over time across trials. RESULTS In the blinded initial phase, BAG was not significantly associated with a differential response to escitalopram over time. BAG was also not associated with a change in depression severity over time across both arms in the blinded phase or in the subsequent open-label bupropion phase. We similarly did not observe effects of WMH volume or hippocampal volume on change in depression severity over time. CONCLUSION sMRI markers of accelerated brain aging were not associated with treatment response in this sequential antidepressant trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Ahmed
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Claire Ryan
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Seth Christman
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Damian Elson
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Camilo Bermudez
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Bennett A Landman
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Sarah M Szymkowicz
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Brian D Boyd
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Hakmook Kang
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN
| | - Warren D Taylor
- School of Medicine (RA), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (SC, DE, BAL, SMS, BDB, WDT), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Department of Biomedical Engineering (CB, BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville TN; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (BAL), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Biostatistics (HK), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center (WDT), Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Health System, Nashville, TN.
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Telomere length in individuals with and without major depression and adverse childhood experiences. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 142:105762. [PMID: 35679773 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are associated with poor physical and mental health in adulthood. One underlying mechanism might be accelerated cellular aging. For example, both conditions, MDD and ACE, have been related to a biological marker of cellular aging, accelerated shortening of telomere length (TL). Since MDD and ACE are confounded in many studies, we aimed with the current study to further disentangle the effects of MDD and ACE on TL using a full-factorial design including four carefully diagnosed groups of healthy participants and MDD patients with and without ACE (total N = 90, all without use of antidepressants). As dependent variable, TL was assessed in leukocytes. We found no group differences based on MDD and ACE exposure in TL. While TL was negatively associated with age and male sex, TL was not associated with any measure of severity of MDD, ACE or current stress. One possible explanation for our null result may be the comparatively good physical health status of our sample. Future research is needed to elucidate the relation of TL, MDD and ACE, taking potential effect modification by medication intake and physical health status into account.
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Concomitant use of relative telomere length, biological health score and physical/social statuses in the biological aging evaluation of mustard-chemical veterans. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108785. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Higher hair cortisol concentrations associated with shorter leukocyte telomere length in high-risk young adults. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11730. [PMID: 35821228 PMCID: PMC9276815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14905-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic stress is associated with accelerated biological aging as indexed by short age-adjusted leukocyte telomere length (LTL). Exploring links of biological stress responses with LTL has proved challenging due to the lack of biological measures of chronic psychological stress. Hair cortisol concentration (HCC) has emerged as a measure of chronic hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis activation, allowing the examination of relationships between aggregate cortisol concentrations over time and LTL. Our sample includes 92 participants (38% women, Mage = 26 ± 3.7 years) from a high-risk sample of young adults with previous residential care placements. Two cm hair was collected for HCC, reflecting approximately eight weeks of cortisol secretion. LTL was measured with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in whole blood samples. All samples for LTL were run in triplicate and assayed twice. Linear and polynomial regression models were used to describe the association between HCC and LTL, adjusting for age and sex. HCC and LTL showed negative associations (std. ß = − 0.67, 95% CI [− 0.83, − 0.52], p < .001) in age- and sex-adjusted analyses, indicating that higher HCCs are associated with shorter LTL. Using polynomial regression, we found a curvilinear relationship indicating a stronger negative association at lower cortisol concentrations. Higher HCCs were associated with shorter LTL, supporting the hypothesized involvement of prolonged cortisol secretion in telomere attrition. Thus, HCC may prove useful as a biological indicator of chronic stress associated with aging-related processes in samples exposed to high levels of stress.
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Telomere Length as a Marker of Suicidal Risk in Schizophrenia. CONSORTIUM PSYCHIATRICUM 2022. [DOI: 10.17816/cp171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia and suicidal behavior are associated with shortening in the length of telomeres. The aim of the study was to compare the content (pg/mcg) of telomeric repeat in DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells in three groups of subjects: patients with schizophrenia and a history of suicide attempts, patients with schizophrenia without suicidal tendencies, and healthy control volunteers.
METHODS: Relapses according to gender and age were examined in 47 patients with schizophrenia with suicidal behavior, 47 patients without self-destructive conditions, and 47 volunteers with healthy control and maintenance for the content of telomeric and the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral blood leukocytes.
RESULTS: Analysis of determining the content of telomeric repeat (TR) in the DNA of massive weight gain in the series: patients with schizophrenia and suicidal attempts patients with schizophrenia without suicidal observations healthy controls (22528.4 (227 [190; 250]) vs. 24321 (245 [228; 260]) vs. 25517.9 (255 [242; 266]), p 0.005. The same trend is observed for the number of mtDNA copies (257101.5 (250 [194; 297])) vs. 262.359.3 (254 [217; 312]) vs. 27279.9 (274 [213; 304]); p=0.012), but no significant differences were recorded.
CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, the phenomenon of telomere shortening was discovered in schizophrenics with suicidal risk. The length of the telomere corresponds to the parameter of a biological marker an objectively measured indicator of normal or pathological processes, but gaining an idea of its reliability is still necessary for verification with an assessment of its sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value. The telomere may be considered a putative predictive indicator of suicidal risk.
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Leukocyte telomere length in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders: a meta-analysis of case-control studies. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:2968-2975. [PMID: 35393557 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Telomere length may serve as a biomarker of cellular aging. The literature assessing telomere length in schizophrenia contains conflicting results. OBJECTIVE To assess differences in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in peripheral blood in patients with schizophrenia and related disorders and healthy controls and to explore the effect of potential confounding variables. DATA SOURCES A search of Ovid MEDLINE, and Proquest databases was conducted to identify appropriate studies published from database inception through December 2020. The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO-ID: CRD42021233280. STUDY SELECTION The initial literature search yielded 192 studies. After study selection in 3 phases, we included 29 samples from 22 studies in the meta-analysis database. DATA EXTRACTION We used random effects and meta-regression models to derive Cohen d values with pooled 95% confidence intervals (CI) as estimates of effect size (ES) and to test effects of potential moderators. RESULTS The overall meta-analysis included 4145 patients with schizophrenia and related disorders and 4184 healthy controls and showed that LTL was significantly shorter in patients, with a small to medium effect size (ES, -0.388; 95% CI, -0.492 to -0.283; p < 0.001). Subgroup meta-analyses did not find a significant effect of age or illness duration on differences in LTL in patients with psychosis relative to controls. Meta-regression analyses showed that none of the putative moderators had a significant effect on effect size estimates. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis find further support for the hypothesis of accelerated cellular aging in schizophrenia and related disorders and highlights the need for large longitudinal studies with repeated LTL measurements over time and appropriate assessments of associated factors.
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Llorente H, Perez-Rivera JA, Perez-Nieto M, Cieza-Borrella C, Pastor I, Novo-Veleiro I, Fernández-Mateos J, Chamorro AJ, Crecente-Otero P, Laso FJ, González-Sarmiento R, Marcos M. Genetic susceptibility to telomere shortening through the rs2293607 polymorphism is associated with a greater risk of alcohol use disorder. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 206:111693. [PMID: 35760210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Telomere shortening is usually considered a biomarker of ageing. Harmful alcohol use promotes accelerated biological ageing and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are associated with short telomere length (TL). This study was conducted to examine the relationship of TL to AUD and determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TERC and TERT modulate this association. For this purpose, we genotyped TERC SNPs rs2293607, rs12696304, and rs16847897 and TERT SNPs rs2735940, rs2736100, and rs2736098 in 308 male patients with AUD and 255 sex-matched healthy controls and measured TL in a subset of 99 patients and 99 controls paired by age and smoking status. Our results showed that the mean TL was shorter in patients with AUD than in controls. The area under the ROC curve was 0.70 (P < 0.001). The GG genotype of TERC rs2293607 was more common among patients with AUD than among controls (9.8% vs. 5.1%; P = 0.038). No difference was found for the other SNPs. Carriers of the GG genotype of rs2293607 had shorter telomeres than did allele A carriers. In conclusion, patients with AUD had shorter telomeres. Genetic susceptibility to telomere shortening through the rs2293607 SNP is associated with a greater risk of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Llorente
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose-Angel Perez-Rivera
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Burgos, Burgos, Spain; Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain
| | - María Perez-Nieto
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Clara Cieza-Borrella
- Centre for Biomedical Education/Cell Biology and Genetics Research Centre, St. George's, University of London, UK
| | - Isabel Pastor
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Ignacio Novo-Veleiro
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Javier Fernández-Mateos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio-Javier Chamorro
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Patricia Crecente-Otero
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Laso
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Miguel Marcos
- Alcoholism Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
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Diniz BS, Mulsant BH, Reynolds CF, Blumberger DM, Karp JF, Butters MA, Mendes-Silva AP, Vieira EL, Tseng G, Lenze EJ. Association of Molecular Senescence Markers in Late-Life Depression With Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcome. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2219678. [PMID: 35771573 PMCID: PMC9247739 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.19678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Many older adults with depression do not experience remission with antidepressant treatment, and markers of cellular senescence in late-life depression (LLD) are associated with greater severity of depression, greater executive dysfunction, and higher medical illness burden. Since these clinical characteristics are associated with remission in LLD, molecular and cellular senescence abnormalities could be a possible biological mechanism underlying poor treatment response in this population. OBJECTIVE To examine whether the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) index was associated with the likelihood of remission from a depressive episode in older adults. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A nonrandomized, open-label clinical trial was conducted between August 2009 and August 2014 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; St Louis, Missouri; and Toronto, Ontario, Canada, with older adults in a current major depressive episode according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition, Text Revision) diagnostic criteria. Data from biomarker analyses were reported according to the clinical trial archived plasma samples run in March 2021. Data were analyzed from June to November 2021. EXPOSURE Venlafaxine extended release (dose ranging from 37.5 mg to 300 mg daily) for up to 12 weeks. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The association between a composite biomarker-based index (SASP index) and treatment remission in older adults with major depression was measured using clinical data and blood samples. RESULTS There were 416 participants with a mean (SD) age of 60.02 (7.13) years; 64% (265 participants) were self-reported female, and the mean (SD) Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score was 26.6 (5.7). Higher SASP index scores were independently associated with higher rates of nonremission, with an increase of 1 unit in the SASP index score increasing the odds of nonremission by 19% (adjusted odds ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.05-1.35; P = .006). In contrast, no individual SASP factors were associated with remission in LLD. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Using clinical data and blood samples from a nonrandomized clinical trial, the results of this study suggest that molecular and cellular senescence, as measured with the SASP index, is associated with worse treatment outcomes in LLD. Combining this index score reflecting interrelated biological processes with other molecular, clinical, and neuroimaging markers may be useful in evaluating antidepressant treatment outcomes. These findings inform a path forward for geroscience-guided interventions targeting senescence to improve remission rates in LLD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00892047.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breno S. Diniz
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut, Farmington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington
| | - Benoit H. Mulsant
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charles F. Reynolds
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniel M. Blumberger
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordan F. Karp
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Meryl A. Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ana Paula Mendes-Silva
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erica L. Vieira
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eric J. Lenze
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
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Li X, Cai J, Yang L, Zhang X, Deng W, Ni P, Zhao L, Du XD, Li T. Correlation between reduced telomere length and behavioural and emotional problems in left-behind children in a rural area in China. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2022; 140:105732. [PMID: 35334391 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Evidence shows that being left behind experience (LBE) during childhood may increase the risks of poor psychopathological outcomes. However, it is unclear to what extent the mental health is affected by the LBE. Telomere length (TL), one of the most extensively studied biological markers of cellular ageing, provides a valuable tool for exploring the potential effects of parent-child separation on psychological problems by integrating genetic and environmental factors. In this study, a total of 613 children (mean age = 10.77, SD = 1.92) were recruited from the rural area of Deyang, Sichuan Province, China. We used a self-designed questionnaire to assess LBE, and collected psychopathological outcomes by using the Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale, the Teacher's Report Form 6/18 and the Youth Self-Report 11/18. Terminal restriction fragment analysis was used to measure TL in peripheral blood leukocytes. Analyses revealed that 342 out of 613 participants (55.79%) were Left-behind children. LBE was observed to associated with shorter TL, lower self-esteem, and increased behavioural and emotional problems. The cumulative effects of LBE may be reflected by greater altered telomere homeostasis, decreased self-esteem, and worsened behavioural and emotional problems. The association of the total time of being left behind with self-esteem and behavioural and emotional problems was significantly mediated by altered telomere homeostasis, with estimated effects of 14.19%, 47.95% and 45.13%, respectively. The LBE in childhood, especially prolonged parent-child separation, increases the risk of mental health problems in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- The seventh people's hospital of Deyang, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The seventh people's hospital of Deyang, Deyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiyan Ni
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liansheng Zhao
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Du
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Suzhou Psychiatric Hospital, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tao Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China.
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39
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Dada O, Jeremian R, Dai N, Strauss J, Zai C, Graff A, De Luca V. Investigation of accelerated epigenetic aging in individuals experiencing suicidal ideation. Schizophr Res 2022; 243:307-309. [PMID: 33041163 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richie Jeremian
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Nasia Dai
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - John Strauss
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Clement Zai
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff
- CAMH, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
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Petrican R, Fornito A, Jones N. Psychological Resilience and Neurodegenerative Risk: A Connectomics-Transcriptomics Investigation in Healthy Adolescent and Middle-Aged Females. Neuroimage 2022; 255:119209. [PMID: 35429627 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse life events can inflict substantial long-term damage, which, paradoxically, has been posited to stem from initially adaptative responses to the challenges encountered in one's environment. Thus, identification of the mechanisms linking resilience against recent stressors to longer-term psychological vulnerability is key to understanding optimal functioning across multiple timescales. To address this issue, our study tested the relevance of neuro-reproductive maturation and senescence, respectively, to both resilience and longer-term risk for pathologies characterised by accelerated brain aging, specifically, Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Graph theoretical and partial least squares analyses were conducted on multimodal imaging, reported biological aging and recent adverse experience data from the Lifespan Human Connectome Project (HCP). Availability of reproductive maturation/senescence measures restricted our investigation to adolescent (N =178) and middle-aged (N=146) females. Psychological resilience was linked to age-specific brain senescence patterns suggestive of precocious functional development of somatomotor and control-relevant networks (adolescence) and earlier aging of default mode and salience/ventral attention systems (middle adulthood). Biological aging showed complementary associations with the neural patterns relevant to resilience in adolescence (positive relationship) versus middle-age (negative relationship). Transcriptomic and expression quantitative trait locus data analyses linked the neural aging patterns correlated with psychological resilience in middle adulthood to gene expression patterns suggestive of increased AD risk. Our results imply a partially antagonistic relationship between resilience against proximal stressors and longer-term psychological adjustment in later life. They thus underscore the importance of fine-tuning extant views on successful coping by considering the multiple timescales across which age-specific processes may unfold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Petrican
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Alex Fornito
- The Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, and Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie Jones
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom
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41
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Sexual Dimorphism in Telomere Length in Childhood Autism. J Autism Dev Disord 2022; 53:2050-2061. [PMID: 35220523 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05486-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are strikingly more prevalent in males, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD sex-differential risk are poorly understood. Abnormally shorter telomeres have been associated with autism. Examination of relative telomere lengths (RTL) among non-syndromic male (N = 14) and female (N = 10) children with autism revealed that only autistic male children had significantly shorter RTL than typically-developing controls (N = 24) and paired siblings (N = 10). While average RTL of autistic girls did not differ significantly from controls, it was substantially longer than autistic boys. Our findings indicate a sexually-dimorphic pattern of RTL in childhood autism and could have important implications for RTL as a potential biomarker and the role/s of telomeres in the molecular mechanisms responsible for ASD sex-biased prevalence and etiology.
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Burghardt KJ, Calme G, Caruso M, Howlett BH, Sanders E, Msallaty Z, Mallisho A, Seyoum B, Qi YA, Zhang X, Yi Z. Profiling the Skeletal Muscle Proteome in Patients on Atypical Antipsychotics and Mood Stabilizers. Brain Sci 2022; 12:259. [PMID: 35204022 PMCID: PMC8870450 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical antipsychotics (AAP) are used in the treatment of severe mental illness. They are associated with several metabolic side effects including insulin resistance. The skeletal muscle is the primary tissue responsible for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Dysfunction of protein regulation within the skeletal muscle following treatment with AAPs may play a role in the associated metabolic side effects. The objective of this study was to measure protein abundance in the skeletal muscle of patients on long-term AAP or mood stabilizer treatment. Cross-sectional muscle biopsies were obtained from patients with bipolar disorder and global protein abundance was measured using stable isotope labeling by amino acid (SILAC) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Sixteen patients completed muscle biopsies and were included in the proteomic analyses. A total of 40 proteins were significantly different between the AAP group and the mood stabilizer group. In-silico pathway analysis identified significant enrichment in several pathways including glucose metabolism, cell cycle, apoptosis, and folate metabolism. Proteome abundance changes also differed based on protein biological processes and function. In summary, significant differences in proteomic profiles were identified in the skeletal muscle between patients on AAPs and mood stabilizers. Future work is needed to validate these findings in prospectively sampled populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle J. Burghardt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (G.C.); (B.H.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Griffin Calme
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (G.C.); (B.H.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Michael Caruso
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.C.); (X.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Bradley H. Howlett
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (G.C.); (B.H.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Elani Sanders
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Suite 2190, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (G.C.); (B.H.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Zaher Msallaty
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Z.M.); (A.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Abdullah Mallisho
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Z.M.); (A.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Berhane Seyoum
- Division of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 4201 St Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (Z.M.); (A.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Yue A. Qi
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Xiangmin Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.C.); (X.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, 259 Mack Avenue, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; (M.C.); (X.Z.); (Z.Y.)
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43
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Telomere length and telomerase activity of leukocytes as biomarkers of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor responses in patients with major depressive disorder. Psychiatr Genet 2022; 32:34-36. [PMID: 34873130 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0000000000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and telomerase activity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) before and after treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Before treatment, there was a reduction in the LTLs and expression levels of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) in the patients with MDD compared with controls. However, after 24 weeks of treatment with SSRIs, there was a significant increase in the LTLs and the expression levels of hTERT, with values approaching those observed in the controls. We conclude that SSRI antidepressant therapy can directly influence the increased expression levels of hTERT in patients.
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44
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Durand M, Nagot N, Michel L, Le SM, Duong HT, Vallo R, Vizeneux A, Rapoud D, Giang HT, Quillet C, Thanh NTT, Hai Oanh KT, Vinh VH, Feelemyer J, Vande Perre P, Minh KP, Laureillard D, Des Jarlais D, Molès JP. Mental Disorders Are Associated With Leukocytes Telomere Shortening Among People Who Inject Drugs. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:846844. [PMID: 35782414 PMCID: PMC9247253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.846844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature biological aging, assessed by shorter telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) alterations, has been reported among people with major depressive disorders or psychotic disorders. However, these markers have never been assessed together among people who inject drugs (PWIDs), although mental disorders are highly prevalent in this population, which, in addition, is subject to other aggravating exposures. Diagnosis of mental disorders was performed by a psychiatrist using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview test among active PWIDs in Haiphong, Vietnam. mtDNA copy number (MCN), mtDNA deletion, and TL were assessed by quantitative PCR and compared to those without any mental disorder. We next performed a multivariate analysis to identify risk factors associated with being diagnosed with a major depressive episode (MDE) or a psychotic syndrome (PS). In total, 130 and 136 PWIDs with and without psychiatric conditions were analyzed. Among PWIDs with mental disorders, 110 and 74 were diagnosed with MDE and PS, respectively. TL attrition was significantly associated with hepatitis C virus-infected PWIDs with MDE or PS (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.53 [0.36; 0.80] and 0.59 [0.39; 0.88], respectively). TL attrition was even stronger when PWIDs cumulated at least two episodes of major depressive disorders. On the other hand, no difference was observed in mtDNA alterations between groups. The telomeric age difference with drug users without a diagnosis of psychiatric condition was estimated during 4.2-12.8 years according to the number of MDEs, making this group more prone to age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélusine Durand
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Michel
- Pierre Nicole Center, CESP UMR 1018, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Sao Mai Le
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Duong
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Roselyne Vallo
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Amélie Vizeneux
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Rapoud
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Hoang Thi Giang
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Catherine Quillet
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Vu Hai Vinh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Viet Tiep Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Jonathan Feelemyer
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philippe Vande Perre
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Khue Pham Minh
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam
| | - Didier Laureillard
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France.,Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Don Des Jarlais
- School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jean-Pierre Molès
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
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Liu L, Liu J, Yang L, Wen B, Zhang X, Cheng J, Han S, Zhang Y, Cheng J. Accelerated Brain Aging in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:852479. [PMID: 35599767 PMCID: PMC9120421 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.852479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be accompanied by an accelerated structural decline of the brain with age compared to healthy controls (HCs); however, this has yet to be proven. To answer this question, we built a brain age prediction model using mean gray matter volumes of each brain region as features, which were obtained by voxel-based morphometry derived from T1-weighted MRI scans. The prediction model was built using two Chinese Han datasets (dataset 1, N = 106 for HCs and N = 90 for patients with OCD; dataset 2, N = 270 for HCs) to evaluate its performance. Then, a new prediction model was trained using data for HCs in dataset 1 and applied to patients with OCD to investigate the brain aging trajectory. The brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) scores, defined as the difference between predicted brain age and chronological age, were calculated for all participants and compared between patients with matched HCs in dataset 1. It was demonstrated that the prediction model performs consistently across different datasets. Patients with OCD presented higher brain-PAD scores than matched HCs, suggesting that patients with OCD presented accelerated brain aging. In addition, brain-PAD scores were negatively correlated with the duration of illness, suggesting that brain-PAD scores might capture progressive structural brain changes. These results identified accelerated brain aging in patients with OCD for the first time and deepened our understanding of the pathogenesis of OCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junhong Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Baohong Wen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaopan Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junying Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shaoqiang Han
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingliang Cheng
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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46
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Trait emotional intelligence in old age. Int Psychogeriatr 2022; 34:17-19. [PMID: 34078510 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610220003725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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47
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Ridout KK, Syed SA, Kao HT, Porton B, Rozenboym AV, Tang J, Fulton S, Perera T, Jackowski AP, Kral JG, Tyrka AR, Coplan J. Relationships Between Telomere Length, Plasma Glucagon-like Peptide 1, and Insulin in Early-Life Stress–Exposed Nonhuman Primates. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Womersley JS, Xulu KR, Sommer J, Hinsberger M, Kidd M, Elbert T, Weierstall R, Kaminer D, Malan-Müller S, Seedat S, M J Hemmings S. Associations between telomere length and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder and appetitive aggression in trauma-exposed men. Neurosci Lett 2021; 769:136388. [PMID: 34890718 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to community violence is common in South Africa and negatively impacts on biopsychosocial health. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterised by symptoms of intrusion, avoidance, hypervigilance and negative alterations in cognition and mood, and can develop consequent to trauma exposure. Individuals who repeatedly experience and witness violence may also come to view it as appealing and rewarding. This appetitive aggression (AA) increases the likelihood of perpetrating violence. Telomeres are repetitive nucleotide sequences that protect the ends of chromosomes. Telomere length (TL) attrition is a stress-sensitive marker of biological aging that has been associated with a range of psychiatric disorders. This study investigated the cross-sectional relationship between TL and symptoms of PTSD and AA in South African men residing in areas with high community violence. PTSD and AA symptom severity was assessed in 290 men using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Scale - Interview (PSS-I) and Appetitive Aggression Scale (AAS), respectively. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed on DNA extracted from saliva and used to calculate relative TL (rTL). Regression models were used to assess the relationships between rTL and PSS-I and AAS scores. Network analyses using EBIC glasso methods were performed using rTL and items from each of the AAS and PSS-I measures. Both PSS-I (p = 0.023) and AAS (p = 0.016) scores were positively associated with rTL. Network analyses indicated that rTL was weakly related to two PSS-I and five AAS items but performed poorly on indicators of centrality and was not strongly associated with measure items either directly or indirectly. The positive association between rTL and measures of AA and PTSD may be due to the induction of protective homeostatic mechanisms, which reduce TL attrition, following early life trauma exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline S Womersley
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Khethelo R Xulu
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Jessica Sommer
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | | | - Martin Kidd
- Centre for Statistical Consultation, Department of Statistics & Actuarial Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
| | - Thomas Elbert
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Roland Weierstall
- Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany; Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Oberberg Clinics, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Debbie Kaminer
- Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Stefanie Malan-Müller
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Soraya Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Sian M J Hemmings
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council / Stellenbosch University Genomics of Brain Disorders Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
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49
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Vasan A, Mitchell HK, Fein JA, Buckler DG, Wiebe DJ, South EC. Association of Neighborhood Gun Violence With Mental Health-Related Pediatric Emergency Department Utilization. JAMA Pediatr 2021; 175:1244-1251. [PMID: 34542562 PMCID: PMC8453357 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Many children and adolescents in the United States are exposed to neighborhood gun violence. Associations between violence exposure and children's short-term mental health are not well understood. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between neighborhood gun violence and subsequent mental health-related pediatric emergency department (ED) utilization. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This location-based cross-sectional study included 128 683 ED encounters for children aged 0 to 19 years living in 12 zip codes in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who presented to an urban academic pediatric ED from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. Children were included if they (1) had 1 or more ED visits in the 60 days before or after a neighborhood shooting and (2) lived within a quarter-mile radius of the location where this shooting occurred. Analysis began August 2020 and ended May 2021. EXPOSURE Neighborhood violence exposure, as measured by whether a patient resided near 1 or more episodes of police-reported gun violence. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES ED encounters for a mental health-related chief complaint or primary diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 2629 people were shot in the study area between 2014 and 2018, and 54 341 children living nearby had 1 or more ED visits within 60 days of a shooting. The majority of these children were Black (45 946 [84.5%]) and were insured by Medicaid (42 480 [78.1%]). After adjusting for age, sex, race and ethnicity, median household income by zip code, and insurance, children residing within one-eighth of a mile (2-3 blocks) of a shooting had greater odds of mental health-related ED presentations in the subsequent 14 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.20-2.88]), 30 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.11-2.03]), and 60 days (adjusted odds ratio, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.06-1.72]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Exposure to neighborhood gun violence is associated with an increase in children's acute mental health symptoms. City health departments and pediatric health care systems should work together to provide community-based support for children and families exposed to violence and trauma-informed care for the subset of these children who subsequently present to the ED. Policies aimed at reducing children's exposure to neighborhood gun violence and mitigating the mental symptoms associated with gun violence exposure must be a public health priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Vasan
- National Clinician Scholars Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,PolicyLab, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Hannah K. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joel A. Fein
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,Center for Violence Prevention, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David G. Buckler
- The Urban Health Lab, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Douglas J. Wiebe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Eugenia C. South
- The Urban Health Lab, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia,Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
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50
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Birkenæs V, Elvsåshagen T, Westlye LT, Høegh MC, Haram M, Werner MCF, Quintana DS, Lunding SH, Martin-Ruiz C, Agartz I, Djurovic S, Steen NE, Andreassen OA, Aas M. Telomeres are shorter and associated with number of suicide attempts in affective disorders. J Affect Disord 2021; 295:1032-1039. [PMID: 34706411 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.08.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shorter telomere length is a putative biomarker of accelerated aging and has been associated with affective disorders and mortality. Psychological factors and behaviors associated with telomere shortening are yet to be clarified. Here, we investigate the association between history of suicide attempts and telomere length in patients with affective disorders. METHODS Leucocyte telomere length was determined by quantitative real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) in patients with affective disorders (n = 248) including bipolar disorders type I (n = 159), type II (n = 67), major depressive disorder (n = 22), and healthy controls (n = 401). Diagnosis, duration of illness, and age at onset were assessed using the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I). Number of lifetime suicide attempts were based on self-reports. Effect size was calculated using Cohen's d. RESULTS Telomere length was reduced in patients with affective disorders relative to healthy controls (d = 0.18, F = 5.26, p = 0.02). Among patients, a higher number of suicide attempts was associated with shorter telomere length (β = -0.24, t = -3.83, CI = -0.44 to -0.14, p < 0.001), also when controlling for duration of illness and age at onset (β = -.23, CI = -.42 to -.12, p = 0.001). Multiple suicide attempts were associated with telomere length reduction comparable to eight years lifespan, adjusted for demographic and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS While longitudinal data are needed to clarify the temporal course, previous suicide attempts and related distress may accelerate telomere shortening and aging in patients with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Birkenæs
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Elvsåshagen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Margrethe C Høegh
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Haram
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Maren C F Werner
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel S Quintana
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Synve H Lunding
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- BioScreening Core Facility-CAV; Ageing Research Laboratories, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, UK
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Srdjan Djurovic
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; NORMENT, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Eiel Steen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; KG Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica Aas
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Norway.
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