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Alvarez MF, Villar-Argaiz M, Vela Soria F, Fernández Zambrano A, Medina-Sánchez JM, Carrillo P. Thresholds and interactive effects of BPA-gradient and temperature on life history traits of Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 355:124186. [PMID: 38772512 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a synthetic organic compound widely used in the production of plastics, is recognized as an emerging contaminant because of its toxicity and the potential risks associated with bioaccumulation in organisms. Despite potential environmental hazards, there is a lack of studies examining BPA toxicity mechanisms and its potential impact on various trophic levels, with even fewer exploring whether global stressors such as temperature can affect the toxicity of BPA in organisms. Our aim was to assess the combined impact of BPA and varying temperature regimes on life-history traits in Daphnia magna. Our results revealed a significant impact of BPA on the growth, reproduction, and accumulated moulting of D. magna, with adverse effects primarily associated with the assimilation of BPA in algae rather than the BPA present in the medium, pointing to a trophic transfer mechanism. The interactive effect between BPA and temperature demonstrated a slight stimulatory effect of low BPA level on D. magna growth rate under warming constant conditions, but an inhibitory under warming fluctuating temperatures. Additionally, a BPA threshold was identified, below which growth became temperature-dependent. This study emphasizes the crucial role of considering temperature in predicting how toxins may affect Daphnia within aquatic food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernanda Alvarez
- Instituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet". CCT-CONICET-La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Manuel Villar-Argaiz
- Instituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Vela Soria
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS.GRANADA), E-18016, Granada, Spain; Clinical Laboratory Management Unit, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Cecilio, E-18016, Granada, Spain
| | | | - J Manuel Medina-Sánchez
- Instituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain; Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
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2
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Mai Y, Wang Y, Geng T, Peng S, Lai Z, Wang X, Li H. A systematic toxicologic study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on aquatic organisms via food-web bioaccumulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172362. [PMID: 38649047 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Pollution-induced declines in fishery resources restrict the sustainable development of fishery. As a kind of typical environmental pollutant, the mechanism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) facilitating fishery resources declines needs to be fully illustrated. To determine how PAHs have led to declines in fishery resources, a systematic toxicologic analysis of the effects of PAHs on aquatic organisms via food-web bioaccumulation was performed in the Pearl River and its estuary. Overall, PAH bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms was correlated with the trophic levels along food-web, exhibiting as significant positive correlations were observed between PAHs concentration and the trophic levels of fishes in the Pearl River Estuary. Additionally, waterborne PAHs exerted significant direct effects on dietary organisms (P < 0.05), and diet-borne PAHs subsequently exhibited significant direct effects on fish (P < 0.05). However, an apparent block effect was found in dietary organisms (e.g., zooplankton) where 33.49 % of the total system throughput (TST) was retained at trophic level II, exhibiting as the highest PAHs concentration, bioaccumulation factor (BAF), and biomagnification factor (BMF) of ∑15PAHs in zooplankton were at least eight-fold greater than those in fishes in both the Pearl River and its estuary, thereby waterborne PAHs exerted either direct or indirect effects on fishes that ultimately led to food-web simplification. Regardless of the block effect of dietary organisms, a general toxic effect of PAHs on aquatic organisms was observed, e.g., Phe and BaP exerted lethal effects on phytoplankton Chlorella pyrenoidosa and zooplankton Daphnia magna, and decreased reproduction in fishes Danio rerio and Megalobrama hoffmanni via activating the NOD-like receptors (NLRs) signaling pathway. Consequently, an assembled aggregate exposure pathway for PAHs revealed that increases in waterborne PAHs led to bioaccumulation of PAHs in aquatic organisms along food-web, and this in turn decreased the reproductive ability of fishes, thus causing decline in fishery resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhan Mai
- National Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Fisheries Resources and Environment, Guangzhou, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Fishery Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Yunfan Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Greater Bay Area, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Tuo Geng
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Greater Bay Area, Zhongshan 528437, China
| | - Songyao Peng
- Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Guangzhou 510611, China
| | - Zini Lai
- National Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Fisheries Resources and Environment, Guangzhou, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Fishery Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine Greater Bay Area, Zhongshan 528437, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- National Agricultural Scientific Observing and Experimental Station for Fisheries Resources and Environment, Guangzhou, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Pearl River, Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Aquatic Invasive Alien Species, Fishery Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immunology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
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3
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Oldenkamp R, Benestad RE, Hader JD, Mentzel S, Nathan R, Madsen AL, Jannicke Moe S. Incorporating climate projections in the environmental risk assessment of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2024; 20:384-400. [PMID: 37795750 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change will significantly impact the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems, both directly and indirectly via the exacerbation of impacts from other stressors. Pesticides form a prime example of chemical stressors that are expected to synergize with climate change. Aquatic exposures to pesticides might change in magnitude due to increased runoff from agricultural fields, and in composition, as application patterns will change due to changes in pest pressures and crop types. Any prospective chemical risk assessment that aims to capture the influence of climate change should properly and comprehensively account for the variabilities and uncertainties that are inherent to projections of future climate. This is only feasible if they probabilistically propagate extensive ensembles of climate model projections. However, current prospective risk assessments typically make use of process-based models of chemical fate that do not typically allow for such high-throughput applications. Here, we describe a Bayesian network model that does. It incorporates a two-step univariate regression model based on a 30-day antecedent precipitation index, circumventing the need for computationally laborious mechanistic models. We show its feasibility and application potential in a case study with two pesticides in a Norwegian stream: the fungicide trifloxystrobin and herbicide clopyralid. Our analysis showed that variations in pesticide application rates as well as precipitation intensity lead to variations in in-stream exposures. When relating to aquatic risks, the influence of these processes is reduced and distributions of risk are dominated by effect-related parameters. Predicted risks for clopyralid were negligible, but the probability of unacceptable future environmental risks due to exposure to trifloxystrobin (i.e., a risk quotient >1) was 8%-12%. This percentage further increased to 30%-35% when a more conservative precautionary factor of 100 instead of 30 was used. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:384-400. © 2023 The Authors. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rik Oldenkamp
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE)-Section Chemistry for Environment and Health, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - John D Hader
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophie Mentzel
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
| | - Rory Nathan
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anders L Madsen
- Hugin Expert A/S, Alborg, Denmark
- Department of Computer Science, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - S Jannicke Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Oslo, Norway
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4
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Liu Y, Li C, Shao H. Comparative Study of Potential Habitats for Simulium qinghaiense (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Huangshui River Basin, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau: An Analysis Using Four Ecological Niche Models and Optimized Approaches. INSECTS 2024; 15:81. [PMID: 38392501 PMCID: PMC10889266 DOI: 10.3390/insects15020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The Huangshui River, a vital tributary in the upper reaches of the Yellow River within the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, is home to the endemic black fly species S. qinghaiense. In this study, we conducted a systematic survey of the distribution of the species in the Huangshui River basin, revealing its predominant presence along the river's main stem. Based on four ecological niche models-MaxEnt with parameter optimization; GARP; BIOCLIM; and DOMAIN-we conduct a comparative analysis; evaluating the accuracy of AUC and Kappa values. Our findings indicate that optimizing parameters significantly improves the MaxEnt model's predictive accuracy by reducing complexity and overfitting. Furthermore, all four models exhibit higher accuracy compared to a random model, with MaxEnt demonstrating the highest AUC and Kappa values (0.9756 and 0.8118, respectively), showcasing significant superiority over the other models (p < 0.05). Evaluation of predictions from the four models elucidates that potential areas of S. qinghaiense in the Huangshui River basin are primarily concentrated in the central and southern areas, with precipitation exerting a predominant influence. Building upon these results, we utilized the MaxEnt model to forecast changes in suitable areas and distribution centers during the Last Interglacial (LIG), Mid-Holocene (MH), and future periods under three climate scenarios. The results indicate significantly smaller suitable areas during LIG and MH compared to the present, with the center of distribution shifting southeastward from the Qilian Mountains to the central part of the basin. In the future, suitable areas under different climate scenarios are expected to contract, with the center of distribution shifting southeastward. These findings provide important theoretical references for monitoring, early warning, and control measures for S. qinghaiense in the region, contributing to ecological health assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Chuanji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Integrated Pest Management in Qinghai, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Hainan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
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5
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Larsen S, Joyce F, Vaughan IP, Durance I, Walter JA, Ormerod SJ. Climatic effects on the synchrony and stability of temperate headwater invertebrates over four decades. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17017. [PMID: 37933478 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Important clues about the ecological effects of climate change can arise from understanding the influence of other Earth-system processes on ecosystem dynamics but few studies span the inter-decadal timescales required. We, therefore, examined how variation in annual weather patterns associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) over four decades was linked to synchrony and stability in a metacommunity of stream invertebrates across multiple, contrasting headwaters in central Wales (UK). Prolonged warmer and wetter conditions during positive NAO winters appeared to synchronize variations in population and community composition among and within streams thereby reducing stability across levels of ecological organization. This climatically mediated synchronization occurred in all streams irrespective of acid-base status and land use, but was weaker where invertebrate communities were more functionally diverse. Wavelet linear models indicated that variation in the NAO explained up to 50% of overall synchrony in species abundances at a timescale of 4-6 years. The NAO appeared to affect ecological dynamics through local variations in temperature, precipitation and discharge, but increasing hydrochemical variability within sites during wetter winters might have contributed. Our findings illustrate how large-scale climatic fluctuations generated over the North Atlantic can affect population persistence and dynamics in inland freshwater ecosystems in ways that transcend local catchment character. Protecting and restoring functional diversity in stream communities might increase their stability against warmer, wetter conditions that are analogues of ongoing climate change. Catchment management could also dampen impacts and provide options for climate change adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Larsen
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all' Adige, Italy
| | - Fiona Joyce
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Ian P Vaughan
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Isabelle Durance
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan A Walter
- Center for Watershed Sciences, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Steve J Ormerod
- Water Research Institute, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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6
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González-Ferreras AM, Barquín J, Blyth PSA, Hawksley J, Kinsella H, Lauridsen R, Morris OF, Peñas FJ, Thomas GE, Woodward G, Zhao L, O'Gorman EJ. Chronic exposure to environmental temperature attenuates the thermal sensitivity of salmonids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8309. [PMID: 38097543 PMCID: PMC10721842 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolism, the biological processing of energy and materials, scales predictably with temperature and body size. Temperature effects on metabolism are normally studied via acute exposures, which overlooks the capacity for organisms to moderate their metabolism following chronic exposure to warming. Here, we conduct respirometry assays in situ and after transplanting salmonid fish among different streams to disentangle the effects of chronic and acute thermal exposure. We find a clear temperature dependence of metabolism for the transplants, but not the in-situ assays, indicating that chronic exposure to warming can attenuate salmonid thermal sensitivity. A bioenergetic model accurately captures the presence of fish in warmer streams when accounting for chronic exposure, whereas it incorrectly predicts their local extinction with warming when incorporating the acute temperature dependence of metabolism. This highlights the need to incorporate the potential for thermal acclimation or adaptation when forecasting the consequences of global warming on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia M González-Ferreras
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
| | - Jose Barquín
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Penelope S A Blyth
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Jack Hawksley
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Hugh Kinsella
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rasmus Lauridsen
- Game & Wildlife Conservation Trust, Salmon and Trout Research Centre, East Stoke, Wareham, BH20 6BB, UK
- Six Rivers Iceland, Reykjavik, 101, Iceland
| | - Olivia F Morris
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Francisco J Peñas
- IHCantabria - Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, C/Isabel Torres 15, 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Gareth E Thomas
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
| | - Guy Woodward
- Georgina Mace Centre for the Living Planet, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, SL5 7PY, UK
| | - Lei Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Eoin J O'Gorman
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
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7
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Qu Q, Xu J, Kang W, Feng R, Hu X. Ensemble learning model identifies adaptation classification and turning points of river microbial communities in response to heatwaves. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6988-7000. [PMID: 37847144 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Heatwaves are a global issue that threaten microbial populations and deteriorate ecosystems. However, how river microbial communities respond to heatwaves and whether and how high temperatures exceed microbial adaptation remain unclear. In this study, we proposed four types of pulse temperature-induced microbial responses and predicted the possibility of microbial adaptation to high temperature in global rivers using ensemble machine learning models. Our findings suggest that microbial communities in parts of South American (e.g., Brazil and Chile) and Southeast Asian (e.g., Vietnam) countries are likely to change due to heatwave disturbance from 25 to 37°C for consecutive days. Furthermore, the microbial communities in approximately 48.4% of the global river gauge stations are prone to fast stress inadaptation, with approximately 76.9% of these stations expected to exceed microbial adaptation after heatwave disturbances. If emissions of particulate matter with sizes not more than 2.5 μm (PM2.5, an indicator of human activities) increase by twofold, the number of global rivers associated with the fast stress adaptation type will decrease by ~13.7% after heatwave disturbances. Understanding microbial responses is crucially important for effective ecosystem management, especially for fragile and sensitive rivers facing heatwave events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash Centre for Data Science, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weilu Kang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruihong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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8
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Wang T, Zhang P, Molinos JG, Xie J, Zhang H, Wang H, Xu X, Wang K, Feng M, Cheng H, Zhang M, Xu J. Interactions between climate warming, herbicides, and eutrophication in the aquatic food web. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118753. [PMID: 37625285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactive effects of multiple environmental stressors on biological communities is crucial for effective environmental management and biodiversity conservation. Here, we present the results of an outdoor mesocosm experiment examining how an aquatic food web responds to the individual and combined effects of climate warming, heat waves, nutrient enrichment, and herbicide exposure. To assess ecosystem functioning, we examined energy flow, using stable isotope analysis integrated with the bioenergetics food web approach to quantify energy fluxes among trophic levels. Our results revealed that the combined effects of these stressors altered the pattern of energy fluxes within the food web. Under warming conditions, there was an increase in energy flux from producers and primary consumers to secondary consumers. However, we did not observe a significant increase in energy flux in primary consumers, potentially due to enhanced top-down control. Nutrient enrichment increased energy flux from producers to higher trophic levels while simultaneously decreasing detrital energy flux. Herbicide exposure did not significantly affect herbivory energy flux but did reduce detritivory energy flux, particularly from detritus to primary consumers. The interactive effects we observed were primarily antagonistic or additive, although we also detected reversed and synergistic effects. The responses to multiple stressors varied across different energy flow pathways, leading to an asymmetric response. Furthermore, our results also revealed significant differences in the effects of constant warming and heat waves, either alone or in combination with water pollution. The asymmetric response of energy flow pathways and the prevalence of antagonistic effects present significant challenges for ecosystem restoration. Together, our findings provide novel and clear evidence of the complex mechanisms by which the coexistence of stressors can differently affect the pathways of energy flux across trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems. Regulatory strategies for ecosystems should comprehensively consider responses at multi-trophic levels using a network perspective, especially in the face of combinations of global and local stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Peiyu Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | | | - Jiayi Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Huan Zhang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Huan Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Kang Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Mingjun Feng
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Haowu Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Centre of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, PR China.
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9
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Vad CF, Hanny-Endrédi A, Kratina P, Abonyi A, Mironova E, Murray DS, Samchyshyna L, Tsakalakis I, Smeti E, Spatharis S, Tan H, Preiler C, Petrusek A, Bengtsson MM, Ptacnik R. Spatial insurance against a heatwave differs between trophic levels in experimental aquatic communities. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3054-3071. [PMID: 36946870 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-related heatwaves are major threats to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms governing community resistance to and recovery from extreme temperature events is still rudimentary. The spatial insurance hypothesis postulates that diverse regional species pools can buffer ecosystem functioning against local disturbances through the immigration of better-adapted taxa. Yet, experimental evidence for such predictions from multi-trophic communities and pulse-type disturbances, like heatwaves, is largely missing. We performed an experimental mesocosm study to test whether species dispersal from natural lakes prior to a simulated heatwave could increase the resistance and recovery of plankton communities. As the buffering effect of dispersal may differ among trophic groups, we independently manipulated the dispersal of organisms from lower (phytoplankton) and higher (zooplankton) trophic levels. The experimental heatwave suppressed total community biomass by having a strong negative effect on zooplankton biomass, probably due to a heat-induced increase in metabolic costs, resulting in weaker top-down control on phytoplankton. While zooplankton dispersal did not alleviate the negative heatwave effects on zooplankton biomass, phytoplankton dispersal enhanced biomass recovery at the level of primary producers, providing partial evidence for spatial insurance. The differential responses to dispersal may be linked to the much larger regional species pool of phytoplankton than of zooplankton. Our results suggest high recovery capacity of community biomass independent of dispersal. However, community composition and trophic structure remained altered due to the heatwave, implying longer-lasting changes in ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba F Vad
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
- National Multidisciplinary Laboratory for Climate Change, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anett Hanny-Endrédi
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - András Abonyi
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
- Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Centre for Ecological Research, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ekaterina Mironova
- A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - David S Murray
- Collaborative Centre for Sustainable Use of the Seas (CCSUS), School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norfolk, UK
- The Centre for Environmental, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science (Cefas), Suffolk, Lowestoft, UK
| | - Larysa Samchyshyna
- Institute of Fisheries, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine
- Institute of Fisheries and Marine Ecology, Berdiansk, Ukraine
| | - Ioannis Tsakalakis
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Evangelia Smeti
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavissos, Greece
| | - Sofie Spatharis
- School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hanrong Tan
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Adam Petrusek
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mia M Bengtsson
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Robert Ptacnik
- WasserCluster Lunz-Biologische Station, Lunz am See, Austria
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10
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Tims AR, Saupe EE. Forecasting climate‐driven habitat changes for Australian freshwater fishes. DIVERS DISTRIB 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amy R. Tims
- School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Erin E. Saupe
- Department of Earth Sciences University of Oxford Oxford UK
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11
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Le CTU, Paul WL, Gawne B, Suter P. Integrating simulation models and statistical models using causal modelling principles to predict aquatic macroinvertebrate responses to climate change. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 231:119661. [PMID: 36716568 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is projected to threaten ecological communities through changes in temperature, rainfall, runoff patterns, and mediated changes in other environmental variables. Their combined effects are difficult to comprehend without the mathematical machinery of causal modelling. Using piecewise structural equation modelling, we aim to predict the responses of aquatic macroinvertebrate total abundance and richness to disturbances generated by climate change. Our approach involves integrating an existing hydroclimate-salinity model for the Murray-Darling Basin, Australia, into our recently developed statistical models for macroinvertebrates using long-term monitoring data on macroinvertebrates, water quality, climate, and hydrology, spanning 2,300 km of the Murray River. Our exercise demonstrates the potential of causal modelling for integrating data and models from different sources. As such, optimal use of valuable existing data and merits of previously developed models in the field can be made for exploring the effects of future climate change and management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi T U Le
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, SA; Department of Ecology, Environment & Evolution, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria 3689, SA.
| | - Warren L Paul
- Department of Ecology, Environment & Evolution, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria 3689, SA
| | - Ben Gawne
- EcoFutures, Cremorne, Victoria 3121, SA
| | - Phillip Suter
- Department of Ecology, Environment & Evolution, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria 3689, SA
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12
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Pereira Campos C, Bitar SDB, Freitas C. Uncertainties regarding the natural mortality of fish can increase due global climate change. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14989. [PMID: 36908811 PMCID: PMC10000307 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in temperature resulting from global climate change can directly affect the survival of fish and therefore population parameters such as natural mortality (M). The estimation of this parameter and the understanding of the uncertainties in its estimates are enormous challenges for studies that evaluate fish stocks. In addition, the effects of increases in temperature may be associated with life strategies. Therefore, the fuzzy set theory was used to evaluate the effects of temperature increase on the natural mortality of fish, considering different life strategies. The model showed that the increase in temperature increased the uncertainties in M estimates for all species, regardless of the life strategy. However, opportunistic species present greater uncertainties in estimates of M compared to equilibrium species. The patterns found in uncertainties of M associated with species groupings by life strategies can be used in holistic approaches for the assessment and management of recently exploited fisheries resources or for those with limited biological data.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos Freitas
- Departamento de Ciências Pesqueiras, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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13
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Whelan MJ, Linstead C, Worrall F, Ormerod SJ, Durance I, Johnson AC, Johnson D, Owen M, Wiik E, Howden NJK, Burt TP, Boxall A, Brown CD, Oliver DM, Tickner D. Is water quality in British rivers "better than at any time since the end of the Industrial Revolution"? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 843:157014. [PMID: 35772542 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We explore the oft-repeated claim that river water quality in Great Britain is "better now than at any time since the Industrial Revolution". We review available data and ancillary evidence for seven different categories of water pollutants: (i) biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and ammonia; (ii) heavy metals; (iii) sewage-associated organic pollutants (including hormone-like substances, personal care product and pharmaceutical compounds); (iv) macronutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus); (v) pesticides; (vi) acid deposition and (vii) other variables, including natural organic matter and pathogenic micro-organisms. With a few exceptions, observed data are scarce before 1970. However, we can speculate about some of the major water quality pressures which have existed before that. Point-source pollutants are likely to have increased with population growth, increased connection rates to sewerage and industrialisation, although the increased provision of wastewater treatment during the 20th century will have mitigated this to some extent. From 1940 to the 1990s, pressures from nutrients and pesticides associated with agricultural intensification have increased in many areas. In parallel, there was an increase in synthetic organic compounds with a "down-the-drain" disposal pathway. The 1990s saw general reductions in mean concentrations of metals, BOD and ammonia (driven by the EU Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive), a levelling out of nitrate concentrations (driven by the EU Nitrate Directive), a decrease in phosphate loads from both point-and diffuse-sources and some recovery from catchment acidification. The current picture is mixed: water quality in many rivers downstream of urban centres has improved in sanitary terms but not with respect to emerging contaminants, while river quality in catchments with intensive agriculture is likely to remain worse now than before the 1960s. Water quality is still unacceptably poor in some water bodies. This is often a consequence of multiple stressors which need to be better-identified and prioritised to enable continued recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Whelan
- University of Leicester, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - C Linstead
- WWF-UK, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - F Worrall
- University of Durham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - S J Ormerod
- Cardiff University, Water Research Institute, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - I Durance
- Cardiff University, Water Research Institute, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - A C Johnson
- UKCEH, Wallingford, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - D Johnson
- The Rivers Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - M Owen
- Angling Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - E Wiik
- Ronin Institute, United States of America
| | - N J K Howden
- University of Bristol, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - T P Burt
- University of Durham, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - A Boxall
- University of York, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - C D Brown
- University of York, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - D M Oliver
- University of Stirling, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - D Tickner
- WWF-UK, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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14
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Sub-Saharan Africa Freshwater Fisheries under Climate Change: A Review of Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation Measures. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa’s freshwater fisheries contribute significantly to the livelihoods and food security of millions of people within the region. However, freshwater fisheries are experiencing multiple anthropogenic stressors such as overfishing, illegal fishing, pollution, and climate change. There is a substantial body of literature on the effects of climate change on freshwater fisheries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study reviews the existing literature and highlights the effects of climate change on freshwater fisheries, the adaptation strategies of fishery-dependent households in response to the effects, and fisheries’ management and mitigation efforts in the face of climate change. The general effects of climate change on freshwater environments include warming water temperatures, increased stratification, modified hydrological processes, and increased pollutants. These effects adversely affect the physiological processes of fish and the overall wellbeing of fishery-dependent people. To cope with the effects of fluctuating fishery resources due to climate change, fishery-dependent people have adopted several adaptation strategies including livelihood diversification, changing their fishing gear, increasing their fishing efforts, and targeting new species. Several management attempts have been made to enhance the sustainability of fishery resources, from local to regional levels. This study recommends the participation of the resource users in the formulation of policies aimed at promoting climate change adaptation and the resilience of freshwater fisheries for sustainable development.
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15
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Streib L, Juvigny-Khenafou N, Heer H, Kattwinkel M, Schäfer RB. Spatiotemporal dynamics drive synergism of land use and climatic extreme events in insect meta-populations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152602. [PMID: 34958839 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ecosystems are increasingly threatened by co-occurring stressors associated with anthropogenic global change. Spatial stressor patterns range from local to regional to global, and temporal stressor patterns from discrete to continuous. To date, most multiple stressor studies covered short periods and focused on local effects and interactions. However, it remains largely unknown how stressors with different spatiotemporal patterns interact in their effects over longer periods. In particular, at higher spatial scales, biotic dynamics in ecological networks complicate the understanding of stressor interactions. We used a spatially explicit meta-population model for a generic freshwater insect, parameterized based on traits of the European damselfly Coenagrion mercuriale, to simulate scenarios of discrete climatic extreme events and continuous land use-related stress. Climatic extreme events were modeled as recurring mortality in all patches, whereas land use permanently influenced meta-populations via patch qualities and network connectivity. We found that the risk of discrete climatic extreme events to meta-populations depended strongly on the proportion of land use types, with effects ranging from negligible to extinction. Land use-related stress limited recovery in meta-populations from effects of climatic extreme events, resulting in synergistic stressor interactions. Moreover, the spatial configuration of land use type influenced the combined stressor effects with clustered configurations resulting in lower effects compared to a random configuration. Finally, we found that combined stressor effects can vary with the time point at which they were determined, indicating that inconclusive results in multiple stressor research can partly be due to differences in the time of determination. We conclude that conservation should focus on regional landscape management to mitigate risks on meta-populations from future, intensified extreme climate events. Reducing land use effects, thus improving patch quality and network connectivity, can compensate for effects of additional discrete stressors and, in turn, synergistic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Streib
- iES - Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau i. d. Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Noel Juvigny-Khenafou
- iES - Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau i. d. Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Henriette Heer
- iES - Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau i. d. Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Mira Kattwinkel
- iES - Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau i. d. Pfalz, Germany.
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- iES - Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, 76829 Landau i. d. Pfalz, Germany.
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16
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Polazzo F, Roth SK, Hermann M, Mangold‐Döring A, Rico A, Sobek A, Van den Brink PJ, Jackson M. Combined effects of heatwaves and micropollutants on freshwater ecosystems: Towards an integrated assessment of extreme events in multiple stressors research. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1248-1267. [PMID: 34735747 PMCID: PMC9298819 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems are strongly influenced by weather extremes such as heatwaves (HWs), which are predicted to increase in frequency and magnitude in the future. In addition to these climate extremes, the freshwater realm is impacted by the exposure to various classes of chemicals emitted by anthropogenic activities. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how the combined exposure to HWs and chemicals affects the structure and functioning of freshwater ecosystems. Here, we review the available literature describing the single and combined effects of HWs and chemicals on different levels of biological organization, to obtain a holistic view of their potential interactive effects. We only found a few studies (13 out of the 61 studies included in this review) that investigated the biological effects of HWs in combination with chemical pollution. The reported interactive effects of HWs and chemicals varied largely not only within the different trophic levels but also depending on the studied endpoints for populations or individuals. Hence, owing also to the little number of studies available, no consistent interactive effects could be highlighted at any level of biological organization. Moreover, we found an imbalance towards single species and population experiments, with only five studies using a multitrophic approach. This results in a knowledge gap for relevant community and ecosystem level endpoints, which prevents the exploration of important indirect effects that can compromise food web stability. Moreover, this knowledge gap impairs the validity of chemical risk assessments and our ability to protect ecosystems. Finally, we highlight the urgency of integrating extreme events into multiple stressors studies and provide specific recommendations to guide further experimental research in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Polazzo
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
| | - Sabrina K. Roth
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Markus Hermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Annika Mangold‐Döring
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of AlcaláAlcalá de HenaresSpain
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental ScienceStockholm UniversityStockholmSweden
| | - Paul J. Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management GroupWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
- Wageningen Environmental ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
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17
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ARPELLINO JUANPABLOZANOTTO, CATANZARO LUDMILANOELIASOLEDADRODRÍGUEZ, MONTALTO LUCIANA, SIRI AUGUSTO, DONATO MARIANO. Diversity, phenology and voltinism of Chironomidae (Diptera). Neotropical streams as a study model. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20200314. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220200314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - LUCIANA MONTALTO
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (INALI, CONICET-UNL), Argentina; Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias (FHUC-UNL), Argentina
| | - AUGUSTO SIRI
- Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet” (ILPLA-CONICET) - FCNyM - UNLP, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM - UNLP), Argentina
| | - MARIANO DONATO
- Instituto de Limnología “Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet” (ILPLA-CONICET) - FCNyM - UNLP, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (FCNyM - UNLP), Argentina
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18
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Arias Font R, Khamis K, Milner AM, Sambrook Smith GH, Ledger ME. Low flow and heatwaves alter ecosystem functioning in a stream mesocosm experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:146067. [PMID: 33677285 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is expected to intensify the effect of environmental stressors on riverine ecosystems. Extreme events, such as low flow and heatwaves, could have profound consequences for stream ecosystem functioning, but research on the impact of these stressors and their interaction across multiple processes, remains scarce. Here, we report the results of a two-month stream mesocosm experiment testing the effect of low flow (66% water level reduction, without gravel exposure) and heatwaves (three 8-d episodes of +5 °C above ambient with 10-15 days recovery between each episode) on a suite of ecosystem processes (i.e. detrital decomposition, biofilm accrual, ecosystem metabolism and DOC quantity and quality). Low flow reduced whole system metabolism, suppressing the rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER), but elevated DOC concentration. Overall, habitat contraction was the main driver of reduced ecosystem functioning in the low flow treatment. By contrast, heatwaves increased decomposition, algal accrual, and humic-like DOC, but reduced leaf decomposition efficiency. Net ecosystem production (NEP) generally decreased across the experiment but was most pronounced for low flow and heatwaves when occurring independently. Assessment of NEP responses to the three successive heatwave events revealed that responses later in the sequence were more reduced (i.e. more similar to controls), suggesting biofilm communities may acclimate to autumn heatwaves. However, when heatwaves co-occurred with low flow, a strong reduction in both ER and GPP was observed, suggesting increased microbial mortality and reduced acclimation. Our study reveals autumn heatwaves potentially elongate the growth season for primary producers and stimulate decomposers. With climate change, river ecosystems may become more heterotrophic, with faster processing of recalcitrant carbon. Further research is required to identify the impacts on higher trophic levels, meta-community dynamics and the potential for legacy effects generated by successive low flows and heatwaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Arias Font
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Kieran Khamis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Alexander M Milner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gregory H Sambrook Smith
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mark E Ledger
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
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19
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Abstract
Water is essential to all lifeforms including various ecological, geological, hydrological, and climatic processes/activities. With the changing climate, associated El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events appear to stimulate highly uncertain patterns of precipitation (P) and evapotranspiration (EV) processes across the globe. Changes in P and EV patterns are highly sensitive to temperature (T) variation and thus also affect natural streamflow processes. This paper presents a novel suite of stochastic modelling approaches for associating streamflow sequences with climatic trends. The present work is built upon a stochastic modelling framework (HMM_GP) that integrates a hidden Markov model (HMM) with a generalised Pareto (GP) distribution for simulating synthetic flow sequences. The GP distribution within the HMM_GP model aims to improve the model’s efficiency in effectively simulating extreme events. This paper further investigated the potential of generalised extreme value distribution (GEV) coupled with an HMM model within a regression-based scheme for associating the impacts of precipitation and evapotranspiration processes on streamflow. The statistical characteristic of the pioneering modelling schematic was thoroughly assessed for its suitability to generate and predict synthetic river flow sequences for a set of future climatic projections, specifically during ENSO events. The new modelling schematic can be adapted for a range of applications in hydrology, agriculture, and climate change.
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20
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Tan H, Hirst AG, Atkinson D, Kratina P. Body size and shape responses to warming and resource competition. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanrong Tan
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Andrew G. Hirst
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences Nottingham Trent University Southwell UK
- Centre for Ocean Life National Institute for Aquatic ResourcesTechnical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark
| | - David Atkinson
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
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21
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Sarremejane R, Truchy A, McKie BG, Mykrä H, Johnson RK, Huusko A, Sponseller RA, Muotka T. Stochastic processes and ecological connectivity drive stream invertebrate community responses to short-term drought. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:886-898. [PMID: 33368270 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Community responses to and recovery from disturbances depend on local (e.g. presence of refuges) and regional (connectivity to recolonization sources) factors. Droughts are becoming more frequent in boreal regions, and are likely to constitute a severe disturbance for boreal stream communities where organisms largely lack adaptations to such hydrological extremes. We conducted an experiment in 24 semi-natural stream flumes to assess the effects of local and regional factors on the responses of benthic invertebrate communities to a short-term drought. We manipulated flow (drought vs. constant-flow), spatial arrangement of leaf litter patches (aggregated vs. evenly distributed) and colonization from regional species pool (enhanced vs. ambient connectivity) to test the combined effects of disturbance, resource arrangement and connectivity on the structural and functional responses of benthic invertebrate communities. We found that a drought as short as 1 week reduced invertebrate taxonomic richness and abundance, mainly through stochastic extinctions. Such changes in richness were not reflected in functional diversity. This suggests that communities were characterized by a high degree of functional redundancy, which allowed maintenance of functional diversity despite species losses. Feeding groups responded differently to drought, with organic matter decomposers responding more than scrapers and predators. Three weeks were insufficient for complete invertebrate community recovery from drought. However, recovery was greater in channels subjected to enhanced connectivity, which increased taxonomic diversity and abundance of certain taxa. Spatial configuration of resources explained the least variation in our response variables, having a significant effect only on invertebrate abundance and evenness (both sampling occasions) and taxonomic richness (end of recovery period). Even a short drought, if occurring late in the season, may not allow communities to recover before the onset of winter, thus having a potentially long-lasting effect on stream communities. For boreal headwaters, extreme dewatering poses a novel disturbance regime that may trigger substantial and potentially irreversible changes. An improved understanding of such changes is needed to underpin adaptive management strategies in these increasingly fragmented and disturbed ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Sarremejane
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Amélie Truchy
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Brendan G McKie
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heikki Mykrä
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre, Oulu, Finland
| | - Richard K Johnson
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ari Huusko
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Paltamo, Finland
| | - Ryan A Sponseller
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Timo Muotka
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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22
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Impact of Nutrients, Temperatures, and a Heat Wave on Zooplankton Community Structure: An Experimental Approach. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12123416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Shallow lakes are globally the most numerous water bodies and are sensitive to external perturbations, including eutrophication and climate change, which threaten their functioning. Extreme events, such as heat waves (HWs), are expected to become more frequent with global warming. To elucidate the effects of nutrients, warming, and HWs on zooplankton community structure, we conducted an experiment in 24 flow-through mesocosms (1.9 m in diameter, 1.0 m deep) imitating shallow lakes. The mesocosms have two nutrient levels (high (HN) and low (LN)) crossed with three temperature scenarios based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections of likely warming scenarios (unheated, A2, and A2 + 50%). The mesocosms had been running continuously with these treatments for 11 years prior to the HW simulation, which consisted of an additional 5 °C increase in temperature applied from 1 July to 1 August 2014. The results showed that nutrient effects on the zooplankton community composition and abundance were greater than temperature effects for the period before, during, and after the HW. Before the HW, taxon richness was higher, and functional group diversity and evenness were lower in HN than in LN. We also found a lower biomass of large Cladocera and a lower zooplankton: phytoplankton ratio, indicating higher fish predation in HN than in LN. Concerning the temperature treatment, we found some indication of higher fish predation with warming in LN, but no clear effects in HN. There was a positive nutrient and warming interaction for the biomass of total zooplankton, large and small Copepoda, and the zooplankton: phytoplankton ratio during the HW, which was attributed to recorded HW-induced fish kill. The pattern after the HW largely followed the HW response. Our results suggest a strong nutrient effect on zooplankton, while the effect of temperature treatment and the 5 °C HW was comparatively modest, and the changes likely largely reflected changes in predation.
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23
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Transcriptomic and life history responses of the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer to chronic diel thermal challenge. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19119. [PMID: 33154410 PMCID: PMC7644658 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75064-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To better understand the effects of transient thermal stress in an aquatic insect, we first identified static temperatures associated with fitness deficits, and then reared larvae from egg hatch to adulthood under diurnally variable regimens including daily forays into deleterious temperatures. We sampled mature larvae at the coolest and warmest portions of their respective regimens for RNA-seq analysis. Few transcripts (28) were differentially expressed when larvae oscillated between favorable temperatures, while 614 transcripts were differentially expressed when experiencing daily transient thermal stress. Transcripts associated with N-glycan processing were downregulated while those associated with lipid catabolism and chitin turnover were significantly upregulated in heat stressed larvae. An across-regimen comparison of differentially expressed transcripts among organisms sampled at comparable temperatures demonstrated that the effects of daily thermal stress persisted even when larvae were sampled at a more optimal temperature (806 differentially expressed transcripts). The chronically stressed population had reduced expression of transcripts related to ATP synthesis, mitochondrial electron chain functions, gluconeogenesis and glycolytic processes while transcripts associated with cell adhesion, synaptic vesicle transport, regulation of membrane potential and lipid biosynthesis increased. Comparisons of constant vs. variable temperatures revealed that the negative consequences of time spent at stressful temperatures were not offset by more time spent at optimal temperatures.
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Warriner TR, Semeniuk CAD, Pitcher TE, Heath DD, Love OP. Mimicking Transgenerational Signals of Future Stress: Thermal Tolerance of Juvenile Chinook Salmon Is More Sensitive to Elevated Rearing Temperature Than Exogenously Increased Egg Cortisol. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.548939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Biological responses to extreme weather events are detectable but difficult to formally attribute to anthropogenic climate change. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14067. [PMID: 32826931 PMCID: PMC7442817 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the frequency and intensity of extreme events such as droughts, heatwaves and floods have increased over recent decades, more extreme biological responses are being reported, and there is widespread interest in attributing such responses to anthropogenic climate change. However, the formal detection and attribution of biological responses to climate change is associated with many challenges. We illustrate these challenges with data from the Elbe River floodplain, Germany. Using community turnover and stability indices, we show that responses in plant, carabid and mollusc communities are detectable following extreme events. Community composition and species dominance changed following the extreme flood and summer heatwave of 2002/2003 (all taxa); the 2006 flood and heatwave (molluscs); and after the recurring floods and heatwave of 2010 and the 2013 flood (plants). Nevertheless, our ability to attribute these responses to anthropogenic climate change is limited by high natural variability in climate and biological data; lack of long-term data and replication, and the effects of multiple events. Without better understanding of the mechanisms behind change and the interactions, feedbacks and potentially lagged responses, multiple-driver attribution is unlikely. We discuss whether formal detection and/or attribution is necessary and suggest ways in which understanding of biological responses to extreme events could progress.
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Extreme rainfall events alter the trophic structure in bromeliad tanks across the Neotropics. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3215. [PMID: 32587246 PMCID: PMC7316839 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in global and regional precipitation regimes are among the most pervasive components of climate change. Intensification of rainfall cycles, ranging from frequent downpours to severe droughts, could cause widespread, but largely unknown, alterations to trophic structure and ecosystem function. We conducted multi-site coordinated experiments to show how variation in the quantity and evenness of rainfall modulates trophic structure in 210 natural freshwater microcosms (tank bromeliads) across Central and South America (18°N to 29°S). The biomass of smaller organisms (detritivores) was higher under more stable hydrological conditions. Conversely, the biomass of predators was highest when rainfall was uneven, resulting in top-heavy biomass pyramids. These results illustrate how extremes of precipitation, resulting in localized droughts or flooding, can erode the base of freshwater food webs, with negative implications for the stability of trophic dynamics. The amount and frequency of rainfall structures aquatic food webs. Here the authors show that in tropical tank bromeliads, lower trophic levels are more abundant in stable rainfall conditions, while biomass pyramids are inverted in conditions with periodic droughts.
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Differences in the Effects of Storms on Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) in Boreal Lakes during an Early Summer Storm and an Autumn Storm. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In boreal lakes, increased precipitation events have been linked to increased concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), however the effects of seasonal differences on DOC and how this may impact storm response remain unclear. We evaluated DOC concentration and a set of DOC quality metrics during an early summer storm and an autumn storm on a suite of six lakes in Acadia National Park in Maine, USA. to better understand differences in seasonal storm responses. Our results revealed differences in the response of DOC quality metrics to an early summer versus an autumn storm, with changes in DOC quality metrics varying by storm and lake features. During the early summer storm, we observed greater changes in various DOC quality metrics in deep lakes with longer residence times, whereas during the autumn storm, lakes with large watershed area to lake area ratios experienced the greatest changes. Land cover was highly correlated with changing DOC quality metrics in the early summer storm but did not play a significant role in the autumn storm response. Our research provides evidence of seasonal differences in the effects of storms on boreal lakes, which are ultimately mediated by a combination of lake and watershed characteristics as well as seasonal differences in climate such as solar radiation and antecedent weather conditions.
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Jacquet C, Gounand I, Altermatt F. How pulse disturbances shape size-abundance pyramids. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:1014-1023. [PMID: 32282125 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ecological pyramids represent the distribution of abundance and biomass of living organisms across body-sizes. Our understanding of their expected shape relies on the assumption of invariant steady-state conditions. However, most of the world's ecosystems experience disturbances that keep them far from such a steady state. Here, using the allometric scaling between population growth rate and body-size, we predict the response of size-abundance pyramids within a trophic guild to any combination of disturbance frequency and intensity affecting all species in a similar way. We show that disturbances narrow the base of size-abundance pyramids, lower their height and decrease total community biomass in a nonlinear way. An experimental test using microbial communities demonstrates that the model captures well the effect of disturbances on empirical pyramids. Overall, we demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally how disturbances that are not size-selective can nonetheless have disproportionate impacts on large species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Jacquet
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Gounand
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UPEC, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement, IEES,, Paris, France
| | - Florian Altermatt
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Eawag, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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Xu J, Wang T, García Molinos J, Li C, Hu B, Pan M, Zhang M. Effects of warming, climate extremes and phosphorus enrichment on the growth, sexual reproduction and propagule carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry of Potamogeton crispus L. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105502. [PMID: 32044441 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Contemporary evidence suggests that submerged macrophytes are experiencing a global decline due to the multiple compounding anthropogenic stressors impacting shallow lake ecosystems. Eutrophication and climate change are two main widespread, often co-occurring stressors, yet evidence concerning their interactive effects on aquatic plants remains partial and fragmented. Predicting the response of submerged aquatic vegetation to the combined effects of nutrient pollution and compound climate warming (mean + variability) is therefore crucial for the conservation and management of these valuable and vulnerable ecosystems. Here, we present the results of an outdoor mesocosm experiment examining the combined effects of nutrient enrichment (phosphorus addition) and warming (a 4 °C increase in mean temperature above present ambient conditions applied as either a constant increase or a variable increase ranging between 0 and 8 °C to mimic the effect of extreme events but keeping an equivalent total amount of warming) on Potamogeton crispus L. Warming accelerated the growth and senescence of P. crispus suggesting a more important role in maintaining the clear water state in winter-early spring but concomitant to possible earlier turbid states in summer. Warming also consistently advanced the flowering phenology but had no significant effect on flowering duration. There were no significant differences in the life cycle between the two warming treatments, while phosphorus addition also had little effect. However, under phosphorus enrichment, P. crispus increased sexual reproduction investment producing higher seed setting rate per infructescence. In contrast, warming, especially variable warming, may decrease sexual reproduction investment by reducing the number of infructescences. Seed and turion stoichiometry were altered by the combination of warming and phosphorus addition, but the changes were complex and difficult to interpret.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Tao Wang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Jorge García Molinos
- Arctic Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Global Station for Arctic Research, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Chao Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Bowen Hu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Meng Pan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Roussel D, Voituron Y. Mitochondrial Costs of Being Hot: Effects of Acute Thermal Change on Liver Bioenergetics in Toads ( Bufo bufo). Front Physiol 2020; 11:153. [PMID: 32218742 PMCID: PMC7078649 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Global climatic warming is predicted to drive extreme thermal events, especially in temperate terrestrial environments. Hence, describing how physiological parameters are affected by acute temperature changes would allow us to understand the energy management of organisms facing such non-predictable and constraining events. As mitochondria play a key role in the conversion of energy from food into ATP but also produce harmful reactive oxygen species, the understanding of its functioning is crucial to determine the proximal causes of potential decline in an animal's performance. Here we studied the effects of acute temperature changes (between 20 and 30°C) on mitochondrial respiration, ATP synthesis rate, oxidative phosphorylation efficiency (ATP/O), and H2O2 generation in isolated liver mitochondria of a terrestrial ectotherm, the common toad (Bufo bufo). Using succinate as the respiratory substrate, we found that the mitochondrial rates of oxygen consumption, ATP synthesis, and H2O2 generation increased as the temperature increased, being 65, 52, and 66% higher at 30°C than at 20°C, respectively. We also found that the mitochondrial coupling efficiency (ATP/O) decreased, while the oxidative cost of ATP production (H2O2/ATP ratio) increased. The present results further indicate that between 40 and 60% of temperature effects on mitochondrial ATP production and H2O2 generation was at minima driven by an action on the oxidative capacity of the mitochondria. These results suggest that B. bufo may need to allocate extra energy to maintain ATP production and protect cells from oxidative stress, reducing the energy allocable performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Roussel
- CNRS, UMR 5023, Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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31
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Dib V, Pires APF, Casa Nova C, Bozelli RL, Farjalla VF. Biodiversity‐mediated effects on ecosystem functioning depend on the type and intensity of environmental disturbances. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Dib
- Depto de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Int. Inst. for Sustainability Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Aliny P. F. Pires
- Univ. do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, IBRAG, Depto de Ecologia Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil
- Fundação Brasileira para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Clarice Casa Nova
- Depto de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Reinaldo L. Bozelli
- Depto de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Vinicius F. Farjalla
- Depto de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Univ. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Brazilian Research Network on Climate Change – Rede Clima, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São José dos Campos SP Brazil
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Warriner TR, Semeniuk CAD, Pitcher TE, Love OP. Exposure to exogenous egg cortisol does not rescue juvenile Chinook salmon body size, condition, or survival from the effects of elevated water temperatures. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2466-2477. [PMID: 32184994 PMCID: PMC7069292 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change is leading to altered temperature regimes which are impacting aquatic life, particularly for ectothermic fish. The impacts of environmental stress can be translated across generations through maternally derived glucocorticoids, leading to altered offspring phenotypes. Although these maternal stress effects are often considered negative, recent studies suggest this maternal stress signal may prepare offspring for a similarly stressful environment (environmental match). We applied the environmental match hypothesis to examine whether a prenatal stress signal can dampen the effects of elevated water temperatures on body size, condition, and survival during early development in Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha from Lake Ontario, Canada. We exposed fertilized eggs to prenatal exogenous egg cortisol (1,000 ng/ml cortisol or 0 ng/ml control) and then reared these dosed groups at temperatures indicative of current (+0°C) and future (+3°C) temperature conditions. Offspring reared in elevated temperatures were smaller and had a lower survival at the hatchling developmental stage. Overall, we found that our exogenous cortisol dose did not dampen effects of elevated rearing temperatures (environmental match) on body size or early survival. Instead, our eyed stage survival indicates that our prenatal cortisol dose may be detrimental, as cortisol-dosed offspring raised in elevated temperatures had lower survival than cortisol-dosed and control reared in current temperatures. Our results suggest that a maternal stress signal may not be able to ameliorate the effects of thermal stress during early development. However, we highlight the importance of interpreting the fitness impacts of maternal stress within an environmentally relevant context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa R. Warriner
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental ResearchUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
| | - Christina A. D. Semeniuk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental ResearchUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
| | - Trevor E. Pitcher
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental ResearchUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
| | - Oliver P. Love
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental ResearchUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
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33
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Jellyman PG, McIntosh AR. Disturbance‐mediated consumer assemblages determine fish community structure and moderate top‐down influences through bottom‐up constraints. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1175-1189. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip G. Jellyman
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Angus R. McIntosh
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
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34
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Montoya D, Gaba S, de Mazancourt C, Bretagnolle V, Loreau M. Reconciling biodiversity conservation, food production and farmers' demand in agricultural landscapes. Ecol Modell 2020; 416. [PMID: 31798202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2019.108889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Efficient management of agricultural management should consider multiple services and stakeholders. Yet, it remains unclear how to guarantee ecosystem services for multiple stakeholders' demands, especially considering the observed biodiversity decline following reductions in semi-natural habitat (SNH), and global change. Here, we use an ecosystem service model of intensively-managed agricultural landscapes to derive the best landscape compositions for different stakeholders' demands, and how they vary with stochasticity and the degree of pollination dependence of crops. We analyse three groups of stakeholders assumed to value different ecosystem services most - individual farmers (crop yield per area), agricultural unions (landscape production) and conservationists (biodiversity). Additionally, we consider a social average scenario that aims at maximizing multifunctionality. Trade-offs among stakeholders' demands strongly depend on the degree of pollination dependence of crops, the strength of environmental and demographic stochasticity, and the relative amount of an ecosystem service demanded by each stakeholder. Intermediate amounts of SNH deliver relatively high levels of the three services (social average). Our analysis further suggests that the current levels of SNH protection lie below these intermediate amounts of SNH in intensively-managed agricultural landscapes. Given the worldwide trends in agriculture and global change, current policies should start to consider factors such as crop type and stochasticity, as they can strongly influence best landscape compositions for different stakeholders. Our results suggest ways of managing landscapes to reconcile several actors' demands and ensure for biodiversity conservation and food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Montoya
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, UMR 5321, CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000, Dijon, France
| | - Sabrina Gaba
- USC 1339, Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, INRA, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, CNRS & Université de La Rochelle, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Claire de Mazancourt
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, UMR 5321, CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France
| | - Vincent Bretagnolle
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, CNRS & Université de La Rochelle, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France
- LTSER Zone Atelier Plaine & Val de Sèvre, CNRS, F-79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station, UMR 5321, CNRS, 09200, Moulis, France
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Musche M, Adamescu M, Angelstam P, Bacher S, Bäck J, Buss HL, Duffy C, Flaim G, Gaillardet J, Giannakis GV, Haase P, Halada L, Kissling WD, Lundin L, Matteucci G, Meesenburg H, Monteith D, Nikolaidis NP, Pipan T, Pyšek P, Rowe EC, Roy DB, Sier A, Tappeiner U, Vilà M, White T, Zobel M, Klotz S. Research questions to facilitate the future development of European long-term ecosystem research infrastructures: A horizon scanning exercise. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 250:109479. [PMID: 31499467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Distributed environmental research infrastructures are important to support assessments of the effects of global change on landscapes, ecosystems and society. These infrastructures need to provide continuity to address long-term change, yet be flexible enough to respond to rapid societal and technological developments that modify research priorities. We used a horizon scanning exercise to identify and prioritize emerging research questions for the future development of ecosystem and socio-ecological research infrastructures in Europe. Twenty research questions covered topics related to (i) ecosystem structures and processes, (ii) the impacts of anthropogenic drivers on ecosystems, (iii) ecosystem services and socio-ecological systems and (iv), methods and research infrastructures. Several key priorities for the development of research infrastructures emerged. Addressing complex environmental issues requires the adoption of a whole-system approach, achieved through integration of biotic, abiotic and socio-economic measurements. Interoperability among different research infrastructures needs to be improved by developing standard measurements, harmonizing methods, and establishing capacities and tools for data integration, processing, storage and analysis. Future research infrastructures should support a range of methodological approaches including observation, experiments and modelling. They should also have flexibility to respond to new requirements, for example by adjusting the spatio-temporal design of measurements. When new methods are introduced, compatibility with important long-term data series must be ensured. Finally, indicators, tools, and transdisciplinary approaches to identify, quantify and value ecosystem services across spatial scales and domains need to be advanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Musche
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle, Germany.
| | - Mihai Adamescu
- University of Bucharest, Research Center for Systems Ecology and Sustainability, Spl. Independentei 91 - 95, 050095, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Per Angelstam
- School for Forest Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 43, SE-739 21, Skinnskatteberg, Sweden
| | - Sven Bacher
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 10, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jaana Bäck
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Forest Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, P.O.Box 27, 00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heather L Buss
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queen's Road, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Duffy
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, 212 Sackett, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Giovanna Flaim
- Department of Sustainable Agro-ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), Via E. Mach 1, 38010, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Jerome Gaillardet
- CNRS and Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 1 rue Jussieu, 75238, Paris, cedex 05, France
| | - George V Giannakis
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, University Campus, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Biology, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Luboš Halada
- Institute of Landscape Ecology SAS, Branch Nitra, Akademicka 2, 949 10, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - W Daniel Kissling
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94248, 1090, GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Lundin
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7050, SE-750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Giorgio Matteucci
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Agricultural and Forestry Systems in the Mediterranean (CNR-ISAFOM), Via Patacca, 85 I-80056, Ercolano, NA, Italy
| | - Henning Meesenburg
- Northwest German Forest Research Institute, Grätzelstr. 2, 37079, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Don Monteith
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Nikolaos P Nikolaidis
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, University Campus, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - Tanja Pipan
- ZRC SAZU Karst Research Institute, Titov trg 2, SI-6230, Postojna, Slovenia; UNESCO Chair on Karst Education, University of Nova Gorica, Glavni trg 8, SI-5271, Vipava, Slovenia
| | - Petr Pyšek
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, CZ-252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic; Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ed C Rowe
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bangor, LL57 4NW, UK
| | - David B Roy
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX10 8EF, UK
| | - Andrew Sier
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, UK
| | - Ulrike Tappeiner
- Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestrasse 15, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria; Eurac research, Viale Druso 1, 39100, Bozen/Bolzano, Italy
| | - Montserrat Vilà
- Estación Biológica de Doñana-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio 26, Isla de la Cartuja, 41005, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Tim White
- Earth and Environmental Systems Institute, 2217 EES Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16828, USA
| | - Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai St.40, Tartu, 51005, Estonia
| | - Stefan Klotz
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120, Halle, Germany
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Amundrud SL, Srivastava DS. Disentangling how climate change can affect an aquatic food web by combining multiple experimental approaches. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:3528-3538. [PMID: 31148300 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the biological effects of climate change presents major challenges due to the interplay of potential biotic and abiotic mechanisms. Climate change can create unexpected outcomes by altering species interactions, and uncertainty over the ability of species to develop in situ tolerance or track environmental change further hampers meaningful predictions. As multiple climatic variables shift in concert, their potential interactions further complicate ecosystem responses. Despite awareness of these complexities, we still lack controlled experiments that manipulate multiple climatic stressors, species interactions, and prior exposure of species to future climatic conditions. Particularly studies that address how changes in water availability interact with other climatic stressors to affect aquatic ecosystems are still rare. Using aquatic insect communities of Neotropical tank bromeliads, we combined controlled manipulations of drought length and species interactions with a space-for-time transplant (lower elevations represent future climate) and a common garden approach. Manipulating drought length and experiment elevation revealed that adverse effects of drought were amplified at the warmer location, highlighting the potential of climatic stressors to synergistically affect communities. Manipulating the presence of omnivorous tipulid larvae showed that negative interactions from tipulids, presumably from predation, arose under drought, and were stronger at the warmer location, stressing the importance of species interactions in mediating community responses to climate change. The common garden treatments revealed that prior community exposure to potential future climatic conditions did not affect the outcome. In this powerful experiment, we demonstrated how complexities arise from the interplay of biotic and abiotic mechanisms of climate change. We stress that single species can steer ecological outcomes, and suggest that focusing on such disproportionately influential species may improve attempts at making meaningful predictions of climate change impacts on food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Amundrud
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diane S Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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37
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Palmer M, Ruhi A. Linkages between flow regime, biota, and ecosystem processes: Implications for river restoration. Science 2019; 365:365/6459/eaaw2087. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
River ecosystems are highly biodiverse, influence global biogeochemical cycles, and provide valued services. However, humans are increasingly degrading fluvial ecosystems by altering their streamflows. Effective river restoration requires advancing our mechanistic understanding of how flow regimes affect biota and ecosystem processes. Here, we review emerging advances in hydroecology relevant to this goal. Spatiotemporal variation in flow exerts direct and indirect control on the composition, structure, and dynamics of communities at local to regional scales. Streamflows also influence ecosystem processes, such as nutrient uptake and transformation, organic matter processing, and ecosystem metabolism. We are deepening our understanding of how biological processes, not just static patterns, affect and are affected by stream ecosystem processes. However, research on this nexus of flow-biota-ecosystem processes is at an early stage. We illustrate this frontier with evidence from highly altered regulated rivers and urban streams. We also identify research challenges that should be prioritized to advance process-based river restoration.
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Davis SJ, Ó hUallacháin D, Mellander PE, Matthaei CD, Piggott JJ, Kelly-Quinn M. Chronic nutrient inputs affect stream macroinvertebrate communities more than acute inputs: An experiment manipulating phosphorus, nitrogen and sediment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:9-20. [PMID: 31128565 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Freshwaters worldwide are affected by multiple stressors. Timing of inputs and pathways of delivery can influence the impact stressors have on freshwater communities. In particular, effects of point versus diffuse nutrient inputs on stream macroinvertebrates are poorly understood. Point-source inputs tend to pose a chronic problem, whereas diffuse inputs tend to be acute with short concentration spikes. We manipulated three key agricultural stressors, phosphorus (ambient, chronic, acute), nitrogen (ambient, chronic, acute) and fine sediment (ambient, high), in 112 stream mesocosms (26 days colonisation, 18 days of manipulations) and determined the individual and combined effects of these stressors on stream macroinvertebrate communities (benthos and drift). Chronic nutrient treatments continuously received high concentrations of P and/or N. Acute channels received the same continuous enrichment, but concentrations were doubled during two 3-hour periods (day 6, day 13) to simulate acute nutrient inputs during rainstorms. Sediment was the most pervasive stressor in the benthos, reducing total macroinvertebrate abundance and richness, EPT (mayflies, stoneflies, caddisflies) abundance and richness. By contrast, N or P enrichment did not affect any of the six studied community-level metrics. In the drift assemblage, enrichment effects became more prevalent the longer the experiment went on. Sediment was the dominant driver of drift responses at the beginning of the experiment. After the first acute nutrient pulse, sediment remained the most influential stressor but its effects started to fade. After the second pulse, N became the dominant stressor. In general, impacts of either N or P on the drift were due to chronic exposure, with acute nutrient pulses having no additional effects. Overall, our findings imply that cost-effective management should focus on mitigating sediment inputs first and tackle chronic nutrient inputs second. Freshwater managers should also take into account the length of exposure to high nutrient concentrations, rather than merely the concentrations themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Davis
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Co., Wexford, Ireland; School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Daire Ó hUallacháin
- Teagasc, Environmental Research Centre, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Per-Erik Mellander
- Agricultural Catchments Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Wexford, Co., Wexford, Ireland
| | - Christoph D Matthaei
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Jeremy J Piggott
- School of Natural Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, the University of Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mary Kelly-Quinn
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Temporal Effects of Groundwater on Physical and Biotic Components of a Karst Stream. WATER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/w11061299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although most lotic ecosystems are groundwater dependent, our knowledge on the relatively long-term ecological effects of groundwater discharge on downstream reaches remains limited. We surveyed four connected reaches of a Chinese karst stream network for 72 consecutive months, with one reach, named Hong Shi Zi (HSZ), evidently affected by groundwater. We tested whether, compared with other reaches, HSZ had (1) milder water temperature and flow regimes, and (2) weaker influences of water temperature and flow on benthic algal biomass represented by chlorophyll a (Chl. a) concentrations. We found that the maximum monthly mean water temperature in HSZ was 0.6 °C lower than of the adjacent upstream reach, and the minimum monthly mean water temperature was 1.0 °C higher than of the adjacent downstream reach. HSZ had the smallest coefficient of variation (CV) for water temperature but the largest CV for discharge. Water temperature and discharge displayed a significant 12-month periodicity in all reaches not directly groundwater influenced. Only water temperature displayed such periodicity in HSZ. Water temperature was an important predictor of temporal variation in Chl. a in all reaches, but its influence was weakest in HSZ. Our findings demonstrate that longer survey data can provide insight into groundwater–surface water interactions.
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Kovach RP, Dunham JB, Al-Chokhachy R, Snyder CD, Letcher BH, Young JA, Beever EA, Pederson GT, Lynch AJ, Hitt NP, Konrad CP, Jaeger KL, Rea AH, Sepulveda AJ, Lambert PM, Stoker J, Giersch JJ, Muhlfeld CC. An Integrated Framework for Ecological Drought across Riverscapes of North America. Bioscience 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Kovach
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Missoula, Montana
| | - Jason B Dunham
- US Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, in Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Robert Al-Chokhachy
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Bozeman, Montana
| | - Craig D Snyder
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, in Kearneysville, West Virginia
| | - Benjamin H Letcher
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, S. O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, in Turners Falls, Massachusetts
| | - John A Young
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, in Kearneysville, West Virginia
| | - Erik A Beever
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Bozeman, Montana
| | - Greg T Pederson
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Bozeman, Montana
| | - Abigail J Lynch
- US Geological Survey, National Climate Adaptation Science Center, in Reston, Virginia
| | - Nathaniel P Hitt
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, in Kearneysville, West Virginia
| | - Chris P Konrad
- US Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center, in Tacoma, Washington
| | - Kristin L Jaeger
- US Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center, in Tacoma, Washington
| | - Alan H Rea
- US Geological Survey, National Geospatial Program, in Boise, Idaho
| | - Adam J Sepulveda
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, in Bozeman, Montana
| | | | - Jason Stoker
- US Geological Survey, National Geospatial Program, in Reston, Virginia
| | - Joseph J Giersch
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, in West Glacier, Montana
| | - Clint C Muhlfeld
- US Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Glacier National Park, in West Glacier, Montana
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Roubeau Dumont E, Larue C, Pujol B, Lamaze T, Elger A. Environmental variations mediate duckweed (Lemna minor L.) sensitivity to copper exposure through phenotypic plasticity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:14106-14115. [PMID: 30852756 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04630-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally mediated sensitivity of Lemna minor to copper (Cu) was evaluated for the first time in three experiments: the effects of two levels of nutrient concentration, light irradiance or Cu pre-exposure were tested. Various Cu concentrations (ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 mg/L) were used to assess the sensitivity of L. minor to this metal, using one common strain previously acclimatized to two different levels of light intensity, nutrient enrichment and Cu pre-exposure. Our results showed a phenotypic plastic response of the relative growth rates based on frond number and fresh mass production, and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). Growth was affected by the three environmental conditions both prior and during Cu exposure, whereas Fv/Fm was mostly affected during Cu exposure. Copper significantly influenced all the parameters measured in the three experiments. Environmental conditions significantly modified L. minor sensitivity to Cu in all experiments, with up to twofold difference depending on the treatment. Growth rate was the parameter that was most impacted. Our study revealed for the first time the existence of phenotypic plasticity in L. minor sensitivity to chemical contamination, and implies that environmental context needs to be taken into account for a relevant risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Roubeau Dumont
- EcoLab, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- EcoLab, Campus INPT-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole - BP 32607, 31326, Castanet Tolosan Cedex, France.
| | - Camille Larue
- EcoLab, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Benoît Pujol
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), CNRS, IRD, UPS, Université Fédérale de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
- EPHE, CNRS, UPVD, PSL Research University, USR 3278 CRIOBE, F-66360, Perpignan, France
| | - Thierry Lamaze
- Laboratoire CESBIO, CNRS, IRD, CNES, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Arnaud Elger
- EcoLab, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Haghkerdar JM, McLachlan JR, Ireland A, Greig HS. Repeat disturbances have cumulative impacts on stream communities. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:2898-2906. [PMID: 30891224 PMCID: PMC6405533 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change has altered disturbance regimes in many ecosystems, and predictions show that these trends are likely to continue. The frequency of disturbance events plays a particularly important role in communities by selecting for disturbance-tolerant taxa.However, ecologists have yet to disentangle the influence of disturbance frequency per se and time since last disturbance, because more frequently disturbed systems have also usually been disturbed more recently. Our understanding of the effects of repeated disturbances is therefore confounded by differences in successional processes.We used in-situ stream mesocosms to isolate and examine the effect of disturbance frequency on community composition. We applied substrate moving disturbances at five frequencies, with the last disturbance occurring on the same day across all treatments. Communities were then sampled after a recovery period of 9 days.Macroinvertebrate community composition reflected the gradient of disturbance frequency driven by differential vulnerability of taxa to disturbance. Diversity metrics, including family-level richness, decreased, reflecting a likely loss of functional diversity with increasing disturbance frequency. In contrast, overall abundance was unaffected by disturbance frequency as rapid recovery of the dominant taxon compensated for strong negative responses of disturbance-vulnerable taxa.We show that cumulative effects of repeated disturbances-not just the time communities have had to recover before sampling-alter communities, especially by disproportionately affecting rare taxa. Thus, the timing of past disturbances can have knock-on effects that determine how a system will respond to further change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M. Haghkerdar
- School of Biology and EcologyUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
- Centre for Biological DiversityUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK
| | - Jack R. McLachlan
- School of Biology and EcologyUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
- Ecology and Environmental Sciences ProgramUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
| | - Alexis Ireland
- School of Biology and EcologyUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
| | - Hamish S. Greig
- School of Biology and EcologyUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
- Ecology and Environmental Sciences ProgramUniversity of MaineOronoMaine
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Ersoy Z, Brucet S, Bartrons M, Mehner T. Short-term fish predation destroys resilience of zooplankton communities and prevents recovery of phytoplankton control by zooplankton grazing. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212351. [PMID: 30768619 PMCID: PMC6377254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Planktivorous fish predation directly affects zooplankton biomass, community and size structure, and may indirectly induce a trophic cascade to phytoplankton. However, it is not clear how quickly the zooplankton community structure and the cascading effects on phytoplankton recover to the unaffected state (i.e. resilience) once short-term predation by fish stops. The resilience has implications for the ecological quality and restoration measures in aquatic ecosystems. To assess the short-term zooplankton resilience against fish predation, we conducted a mesocosm experiment consisting of 10 enclosures, 6 with fish and 4 without fish. Plankton communities from a natural lake were used to establish phytoplankton and zooplankton in the mesocosms. High biomasses (about 20 g wet mass m-3) of juvenile planktivorous fish (perch, Perca fluviatilis) were allowed to feed on zooplankton in fish enclosures for four days. Thereafter, we removed fish and observed the recovery of the zooplankton community and its cascading effect on trophic interactions in comparison with no fish enclosures for four weeks. Short-term fish predation impaired resilience in zooplankton community by modifying community composition, as large zooplankton, such as calanoids, decreased just after fish predation and did not re-appear afterwards, whereas small cladocerans and rotifers proliferated. Total zooplankton biomass increased quickly within two weeks after fish removal, and at the end even exceeded the biomass measured before fish addition. Despite high biomass, the dominance of small zooplankton released phytoplankton from grazer control in fish enclosures. Accordingly, the zooplankton community did not recover from the effect of fish predation, indicating low short-term resilience. In contrast, in no fish enclosures without predation disturbance, a high zooplankton:phytoplankton biomass ratio accompanied by low phytoplankton yield (Chlorophyll-a:Total phosphorus ratio) reflected phytoplankton control by zooplankton over the experimental period. Comprehensive views on short and long-term resilience of zooplankton communities are essential for restoration and management strategies of aquatic ecosystems to better predict responses to global warming, such as higher densities of planktivorous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Ersoy
- Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (ZE); (TM)
| | - Sandra Brucet
- Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Bartrons
- Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic- Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
| | - Thomas Mehner
- Department of Biology and Ecology of Fishes, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail: (ZE); (TM)
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44
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Majdi N, Traunspurger W, Fueser H, Gansfort B, Laffaille P, Maire A. Effects of a broad range of experimental temperatures on the population growth and body-size of five species of free-living nematodes. J Therm Biol 2019; 80:21-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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45
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Aspin TWH, Khamis K, Matthews TJ, Milner AM, O’Callaghan MJ, Trimmer M, Woodward G, Ledger ME. Extreme drought pushes stream invertebrate communities over functional thresholds. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2019; 25:230-244. [PMID: 30346098 PMCID: PMC7379955 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Functional traits are increasingly being used to predict extinction risks and range shifts under long-term climate change scenarios, but have rarely been used to study vulnerability to extreme climatic events, such as supraseasonal droughts. In streams, drought intensification can cross thresholds of habitat loss, where marginal changes in environmental conditions trigger disproportionate biotic responses. However, these thresholds have been studied only from a structural perspective, and the existence of functional nonlinearity remains unknown. We explored trends in invertebrate community functional traits along a gradient of drought intensity, simulated over 18 months, using mesocosms analogous to lowland headwater streams. We modelled the responses of 16 traits based on a priori predictions of trait filtering by drought, and also examined the responses of trait profile groups (TPGs) identified via hierarchical cluster analysis. As responses to drought intensification were both linear and nonlinear, generalized additive models (GAMs) were chosen to model response curves, with the slopes of fitted splines used to detect functional thresholds during drought. Drought triggered significant responses in 12 (75%) of the a priori-selected traits. Behavioural traits describing movement (dispersal, locomotion) and diet were sensitive to moderate-intensity drought, as channels fragmented into isolated pools. By comparison, morphological and physiological traits showed little response until surface water was lost, at which point we observed sudden shifts in body size, respiration mode and thermal tolerance. Responses varied widely among TPGs, ranging from population collapses of non-aerial dispersers as channels fragmented to irruptions of small, eurythermic dietary generalists upon extreme dewatering. Our study demonstrates for the first time that relatively small changes in drought intensity can trigger disproportionately large functional shifts in stream communities, suggesting that traits-based approaches could be particularly useful for diagnosing catastrophic ecological responses to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W. H. Aspin
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Wessex WaterBathUK
| | - Kieran Khamis
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Thomas J. Matthews
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- 2CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, Depto de Ciências Agráriase Engenharia do AmbienteUniversidade dos Açores, Angra do HeroísmoAçoresPortugal
| | - Alexander M. Milner
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
- Institute of Arctic BiologyUniversity of AlaskaFairbanksAlaska
| | - Matthew J. O’Callaghan
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Mark Trimmer
- School of Biological and Chemical ScienceQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Guy Woodward
- Department of Life SciencesImperial College LondonAscotBerkshireUK
| | - Mark E. Ledger
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
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46
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Perga ME, Bruel R, Rodriguez L, Guénand Y, Bouffard D. Storm impacts on alpine lakes: Antecedent weather conditions matter more than the event intensity. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2018; 24:5004-5016. [PMID: 29974996 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Extreme weather events may be just as important as gradual trends for the long-term trajectories of ecosystems. For alpine lakes, which are exposed to both exacerbated atmospheric warming and intense episodic weather events, future conditions might not be appropriately forecast by only climate change trends, i.e. warming, if extreme events have the potential to deflect their thermal and metabolic states from their seasonal ranges. We used high-frequency monitoring data over three open-water seasons with a one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the high-altitude Lake Muzelle (France) to show that rainstorms or windstorms, notwithstanding their intensity, did not trigger long-lasting consequences to the lake characteristics when light penetration into the lake was not modified. In contrast, storms associated with high turbidity input from the watershed ("turbid storms") strongly modified the lacustrine hydrodynamics and metabolism for the rest of the open-water season through reduced light penetration. The long-lasting effects of turbid storms were related to the inputs and in-lake persistence of very light glacial suspensoids from the watershed. The occurrence of the observed turbid storms was not related to the wind or rain intensities during the events. Instead, the turbid storms occurred after dry and atypically warm spells, i.e. meteorological conditions expected to be more frequent in this alpine region in the upcoming decades. Consequently, storm events, notwithstanding their intensity, are expected to strongly imprint the future ecological status of alpine lakes under climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Elodie Perga
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA-University Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon les Bains, France
| | - Rosalie Bruel
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA-University Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon les Bains, France
| | - Laura Rodriguez
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA-University Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon les Bains, France
| | - Yann Guénand
- UMR CARRTEL, INRA-University Savoie Mont Blanc, Thonon les Bains, France
- SEGULA Technologies, Le Bourget du Lac, France
| | - Damien Bouffard
- Department of Surface Waters Research and Management, Eawag-Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
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47
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Jourdan J, Plath M, Tonkin JD, Ceylan M, Dumeier AC, Gellert G, Graf W, Hawkins CP, Kiel E, Lorenz AW, Matthaei CD, Verdonschot PFM, Verdonschot RCM, Haase P. Reintroduction of freshwater macroinvertebrates: challenges and opportunities. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 94:368-387. [PMID: 30136362 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Species reintroductions - the translocation of individuals to areas in which a species has been extirpated with the aim of re-establishing a self-sustaining population - have become a widespread practice in conservation biology. Reintroduction projects have tended to focus on terrestrial vertebrates and, to a lesser extent, fishes. Much less effort has been devoted to the reintroduction of invertebrates into restored freshwater habitats. Yet, reintroductions may improve restoration outcomes in regions where impoverished regional species pools limit the self-recolonisation of restored freshwaters. We review the available literature on macroinvertebrate reintroductions, focusing on identifying the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that determine their success or failure. Our study reveals that freshwater macroinvertebrate reintroductions remain rare, are often published in the grey literature and, of the attempts made, approximately one-third fail. We identify life-cycle complexity and remaining stressors as the two factors most likely to affect reintroduction success, illustrating the unique challenges of freshwater macroinvertebrate reintroductions. Consideration of these factors by managers during the planning process and proper documentation - even if a project fails - may increase the likelihood of successful outcomes in future reintroduction attempts of freshwater macroinvertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Jourdan
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Martin Plath
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology in Agriculture and College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xinong Road 22, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jonathan D Tonkin
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, 3029 Cordley Hall, OR, 97331, U.S.A
| | - Maria Ceylan
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany
| | - Arlena C Dumeier
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences - Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Georg Gellert
- Landesarbeitskreis Wasser, Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland Landesverband Nordrhein-Westfalen, Merowingerstr. 88, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Gregor-Mendel-Straße 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charles P Hawkins
- Department of Watershed Sciences, National Aquatic Monitoring Center, and Ecology Center, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322-5210, U.S.A
| | - Ellen Kiel
- Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences - Aquatic Ecology and Nature Conservation, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Armin W Lorenz
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Christoph D Matthaei
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, 340 Great King Street, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand
| | - Piet F M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1090GE, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf C M Verdonschot
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6700AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Haase
- Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Clamecystr. 12, 63571, Gelnhausen, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141, Essen, Germany
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48
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Sarremejane R, Mykrä H, Huttunen KL, Mustonen KR, Marttila H, Paavola R, Sippel K, Veijalainen N, Muotka T. Climate-driven hydrological variability determines inter-annual changes in stream invertebrate community assembly. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Sarremejane
- Dept of Ecology and Genetics; Univ. of Oulu; PO BOX 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland
- School of Science and Technology; Nottingham Trent Univ.; Nottingham UK
| | - Heikki Mykrä
- Finnish Environment Institute, Freshwater Centre; Oulu Finland
| | - Kaisa-Leena Huttunen
- Dept of Ecology and Genetics; Univ. of Oulu; PO BOX 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland
| | - Kaisa-Riikka Mustonen
- Dept of Ecology and Genetics; Univ. of Oulu; PO BOX 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland
| | - Hannu Marttila
- Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Research Unit; University of Oulu; Finland
| | | | - Kalle Sippel
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE); Freshwater Centre; Helsinki Finland
| | - Noora Veijalainen
- Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE); Freshwater Centre; Helsinki Finland
| | - Timo Muotka
- Dept of Ecology and Genetics; Univ. of Oulu; PO BOX 3000 FI-90014 University of Oulu Finland
- Finnish Environment Inst.; Freshwater Centre; Oulu Finland
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49
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Jeremias G, Barbosa J, Marques SM, Asselman J, Gonçalves FJM, Pereira JL. Synthesizing the role of epigenetics in the response and adaptation of species to climate change in freshwater ecosystems. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2790-2806. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - João Barbosa
- Department of Biology; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Sérgio M. Marques
- Department of Biology; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Jana Asselman
- Laboratory for Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology (GhEnToxLab); Ghent University; Ghent Belgium
| | - Fernando J. M. Gonçalves
- Department of Biology; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Joana L. Pereira
- Department of Biology; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
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50
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Talbot CJ, Bennett EM, Cassell K, Hanes DM, Minor EC, Paerl H, Raymond PA, Vargas R, Vidon PG, Wollheim W, Xenopoulos MA. The impact of flooding on aquatic ecosystem services. BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 2018; 141:439-461. [PMID: 30930510 PMCID: PMC6404734 DOI: 10.1007/s10533-018-0449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Flooding is a major disturbance that impacts aquatic ecosystems and the ecosystem services that they provide. Predicted increases in global flood risk due to land use change and water cycle intensification will likely only increase the frequency and severity of these impacts. Extreme flooding events can cause loss of life and significant destruction to property and infrastructure, effects that are easily recognized and frequently reported in the media. However, flooding also has many other effects on people through freshwater aquatic ecosystem services, which often go unrecognized because they are less evident and can be difficult to evaluate. Here, we identify the effects that small magnitude frequently occurring floods (< 10-year recurrence interval) and extreme floods (> 100-year recurrence interval) have on ten aquatic ecosystem services through a systematic literature review. We focused on ecosystem services considered by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment including: (1) supporting services (primary production, soil formation), (2) regulating services (water regulation, water quality, disease regulation, climate regulation), (3) provisioning services (drinking water, food supply), and (4) cultural services (aesthetic value, recreation and tourism). The literature search resulted in 117 studies and each of the ten ecosystem services was represented by an average of 12 ± 4 studies. Extreme floods resulted in losses in almost every ecosystem service considered in this study. However, small floods had neutral or positive effects on half of the ecosystem services we considered. For example, small floods led to increases in primary production, water regulation, and recreation and tourism. Decision-making that preserves small floods while reducing the impacts of extreme floods can increase ecosystem service provision and minimize losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceara J. Talbot
- Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, ON Canada
| | - Elena M. Bennett
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences and McGill School of Environment, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC Canada
| | - Kelsie Cassell
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Daniel M. Hanes
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Elizabeth C. Minor
- Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN USA
| | - Hans Paerl
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, NC USA
| | - Peter A. Raymond
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Rodrigo Vargas
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, University of Delaware, Newark, DE USA
| | - Philippe G. Vidon
- Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management, The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Syracuse, NY USA
| | - Wilfred Wollheim
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH USA
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