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Tee EE, Faulkner C. Plasmodesmata and intercellular molecular traffic control. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:32-47. [PMID: 38494438 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are plasma membrane-lined connections that join plant cells to their neighbours, establishing an intercellular cytoplasmic continuum through which molecules can travel between cells, tissues, and organs. As plasmodesmata connect almost all cells in plants, their molecular traffic carries information and resources across a range of scales, but dynamic control of plasmodesmal aperture can change the possible domains of molecular exchange under different conditions. Plasmodesmal aperture is controlled by specialised signalling cascades accommodated in spatially discrete membrane and cell wall domains. Thus, the composition of plasmodesmata defines their capacity for molecular trafficking. Further, their shape and density can likewise define trafficking capacity, with the cell walls between different cell types hosting different numbers and forms of plasmodesmata to drive molecular flux in physiologically important directions. The molecular traffic that travels through plasmodesmata ranges from small metabolites through to proteins, and possibly even larger mRNAs. Smaller molecules are transmitted between cells via passive mechanisms but how larger molecules are efficiently trafficked through plasmodesmata remains a key question in plasmodesmal biology. How plasmodesmata are formed, the shape they take, what they are made of, and what passes through them regulate molecular traffic through plants, underpinning a wide range of plant physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estee E Tee
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Christine Faulkner
- Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
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Sun N, Zhou J, Liu Y, Li D, Xu X, Zhu Z, Xu X, Zhan R, Zhang H, Wang L. Genome-wide characterization of Remorin gene family and their responsive expression to abiotic stresses and plant hormone in Brassica napus. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:155. [PMID: 38814469 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Remorin proteins could be positively related to salt and osmotic stress resistance in rapeseed. Remorins (REMs) play a crucial role in adaptations to adverse environments. However, their roles in abiotic stress and phytohormone responses in oil crops are still largely unknown. In this study, we identified 47 BnaREM genes in the B.napus genome. Phylogenetic relationship and synteny analysis revealed that they were categorized into 5 distinct groups and have gone through 55 segmental duplication events under purifying selection. Gene structure and conserved domains analysis demonstrated that they were highly conserved and all BnaREMs contained a conserved Remorin_C domain, with a variable N-terminal region. Promoter sequence analysis showed that BnaREM gene promoters contained various hormones and stress-related cis-acting elements. Transcriptome data from BrassicaEDB database exhibited that all BnaREMs were ubiquitously expressed in buds, stamens, inflorescences, young leaves, mature leaves, roots, stems, seeds, silique pericarps, embryos and seed coats. The qRT-PCR analysis indicated that most of them were responsive to ABA, salt and osmotic treatments. Further mutant complementary experiments revealed that the expression of BnaREM1.3-4C-1 in the Arabidopsis rem1.3 mutant restored the retarded growth phenotype and the ability to resistance to salt and osmotic stresses. Our findings provide fundamental information on the structure and evolutionary relationship of the BnaREM family genes in rapeseed, and reveal the potential function of BnaREM1.3-4C-1 in stress and hormone response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Sun
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiale Zhou
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Li
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Xu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhu
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
- College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Xu
- Zhaoyuan Shenghui Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd, North of Beiyuanzhuang Village, Fushan County, Zhaoyuan, 265400, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhui Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China
| | - Limin Wang
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, 186 Hongqizhong Road, Yantai, 264025, People's Republic of China.
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Ma B, Cao X, Li X, Bian Z, Zhang QQ, Fang Z, Liu J, Li Q, Liu Q, Zhang L, He Z. Two ABCI family transporters, OsABCI15 and OsABCI16, are involved in grain-filling in rice. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:492-506. [PMID: 37913986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Seed development is critical for plant reproduction and crop yield, with panicle seed-setting rate, grain-filling, and grain weight being key seed characteristics for yield improvement. However, few genes are known to regulate grain filling. Here, we identify two adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC)I-type transporter genes, OsABCI15 and OsABCI16, involved in rice grain-filling. Both genes are highly expressed in developing seeds, and their proteins are localized to the plasma membrane and cytosol. Interestingly, knockout of OsABCI15 and OsABCI16 results in a significant reduction in seed-setting rate, caused predominantly by the severe empty pericarp phenotype, which differs from the previously reported low seed-setting phenotype resulting from failed pollination. Further analysis indicates that OsABCI15 and OsABCI16 participate in ion homeostasis and likely export ions between filial tissues and maternal tissues during grain filling. Importantly, overexpression of OsABCI15 and OsABCI16 enhances the seed-setting rate and grain yield in transgenic plants and decreases ion accumulation in brown rice. Moreover, the OsABCI15/16 orthologues in maize exhibit a similar role in kernel development, as demonstrated by their disruption in transgenic maize. Therefore, our findings reveal the important roles of two ABC transporters in cereal grain filling, highlighting their value in crop yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiubiao Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China
| | - Zhong Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Qi-Qi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zijun Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiyun Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qiaoquan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Zuhua He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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Yang Z, Cheng G, Yu Q, Jiao W, Zeng K, Luo T, Zhang H, Shang H, Huang G, Wang F, Guo Y, Xu J. Identification and characterization of the Remorin gene family in Saccharum and the involvement of ScREM1.5e-1/-2 in SCMV infection on sugarcane. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1365995. [PMID: 38463560 PMCID: PMC10920289 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1365995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific membrane-associated proteins that play important roles in plant-pathogen interactions and environmental adaptations. Group I REMs are extensively involved in virus infection. However, little is known about the REM gene family in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hyrid), the most important sugar and energy crop around world. Methods Comparative genomics were employed to analyze the REM gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. Transcriptomics or RT-qPCR were used to analyze their expression files in different development stages or tissues under different treatments. Yeast two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation assays were applied to investigate the protein interaction. Results In this study, 65 REMs were identified from Saccharum spontaneum genome and classified into six groups based on phylogenetic tree analysis. These REMs contain multiple cis-elements associated with growth, development, hormone and stress response. Expression profiling revealed that among different SsREMs with variable expression levels in different developmental stages or different tissues. A pair of alleles, ScREM1.5e-1/-2, were isolated from the sugarcane cultivar ROC22. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 were highly expressed in leaves, with the former expressed at significantly higher levels than the latter. Their expression was induced by treatment with H2O2, ABA, ethylene, brassinosteroid, SA or MeJA, and varied upon Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) infection. ScREM1.5e-1 was localized to the plasma membrane (PM), while ScREM1.5e-2 was localized to the cytoplasm or nucleus. ScREM1.5e-1/-2 can self-interact and interact with each other, and interact with VPgs from SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus, or Sugarcane streak mosaic virus. The interactions with VPgs relocated ScREM1.5e-1 from the PM to the cytoplasm. Discussion These results reveal the origin, distribution and evolution of the REM gene family in sugarcane and may shed light on engineering sugarcane resistance against sugarcane mosaic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guangyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanxin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wendi Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Kang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingxu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Heyang Shang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Fengji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Subtropical Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Hsiao AS. Protein Disorder in Plant Stress Adaptation: From Late Embryogenesis Abundant to Other Intrinsically Disordered Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1178. [PMID: 38256256 PMCID: PMC10816898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Global climate change has caused severe abiotic and biotic stresses, affecting plant growth and food security. The mechanical understanding of plant stress responses is critical for achieving sustainable agriculture. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are a group of proteins without unique three-dimensional structures. The environmental sensitivity and structural flexibility of IDPs contribute to the growth and developmental plasticity for sessile plants to deal with environmental challenges. This article discusses the roles of various disordered proteins in plant stress tolerance and resistance, describes the current mechanistic insights into unstructured proteins such as the disorder-to-order transition for adopting secondary structures to interact with specific partners (i.e., cellular membranes, membrane proteins, metal ions, and DNA), and elucidates the roles of liquid-liquid phase separation driven by protein disorder in stress responses. By comparing IDP studies in animal systems, this article provides conceptual principles of plant protein disorder in stress adaptation, reveals the current research gaps, and advises on the future research direction. The highlighting of relevant unanswered questions in plant protein disorder research aims to encourage more studies on these emerging topics to understand the mechanisms of action behind their stress resistance phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Shan Hsiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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Lv S, Lin Z, Shen J, Luo L, Xu Q, Li L, Gui J. OsTCP19 coordinates inhibition of lignin biosynthesis and promotion of cellulose biosynthesis to modify lodging resistance in rice. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:123-136. [PMID: 37724960 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Lignin and cellulose are two essential elements of plant secondary cell walls that shape the mechanical characteristics of the culm to prevent lodging. However, how the regulation of the lignin and cellulose composition is combined to achieve optimal mechanical characteristics is unclear. Here, we show that increasing OsTCP19 expression in rice coordinately repressed lignin biosynthesis and promoted cellulose biosynthesis, resulting in enhanced lodging resistance. In contrast, repression of OsTCP19 coordinately promoted lignin biosynthesis and inhibited cellulose biosynthesis, leading to greater susceptibility to lodging. We found that OsTCP19 binds to the promoters of both MYB108 and MYB103L to increase their expression, with the former being responsible for repressing lignin biosynthesis and the latter for promoting cellulose biosynthesis. Moreover, up-regulation of OsTCP19 in fibers improved grain yield and lodging resistance. Thus, our results identify the OsTCP19-OsMYB108/OsMYB103L module as a key regulator of lignin and cellulose production in rice, and open up the possibility for precisely manipulating lignin-cellulose composition to improve culm mechanical properties for lodging resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Lv
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zengshun Lin
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Junhui Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Laifu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingguo Xu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jinshan Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Wang X, Choi YM, Jeon YA, Yi J, Shin MJ, Desta KT, Yoon H. Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Adzuki Beans ( Vigna angularis): Insights into Environmental Adaptation and Early Breeding Strategies for Yield Improvement. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:4154. [PMID: 38140482 PMCID: PMC10747723 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Adzuki beans are widely cultivated in East Asia and are one of the earliest domesticated crops. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the genetic diversity and domestication history of adzuki beans, we conducted Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) analysis on 366 landraces originating from Korea, China, and Japan, resulting in 6586 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Population structure analysis divided these 366 landraces into three subpopulations. These three subpopulations exhibited distinctive distributions, suggesting that they underwent extended domestication processes in their respective regions of origin. Phenotypic variance analysis of the three subpopulations indicated that the Korean-domesticated subpopulation exhibited significantly higher 100-seed weights, the Japanese-domesticated subpopulation showed significantly higher numbers of grains per pod, and the Chinese-domesticated subpopulation displayed significantly higher numbers of pods per plant. We speculate that these differences in yield-related traits may be attributed to varying emphases placed by early breeders in these regions on the selection of traits related to yield. A large number of genes related to biotic/abiotic stress resistance and defense were found in most quantitative trait locus (QTL) for yield-related traits using genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Genomic sliding window analysis of Tajima's D and a genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) revealed distinct domestication selection signatures and genotype variations on these QTLs within each subpopulation. These findings indicate that each subpopulation would have been subjected to varied biotic/abiotic stress events in different origins, of which these stress events have caused balancing selection differences in the QTL of each subpopulation. In these balancing selections, plants tend to select genotypes with strong resistance under biotic/abiotic stress, but reduce the frequency of high-yield genotypes to varying degrees. These biotic/abiotic stressors impact crop yield and may even lead to selection purging, resulting in the loss of several high-yielding genotypes among landraces. However, this also fuels the flow of crop germplasms. Overall, balancing selection appears to have a more significant impact on the three yield-related traits compared to breeder-driven domestication selection. These findings are crucial for understanding the impact of domestication selection history on landraces and yield-related traits, aiding in the improvement of adzuki bean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hyemyeong Yoon
- National Agrobiodiversity Center, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Republic of Korea; (X.W.); (Y.-M.C.); (Y.-a.J.); (J.Y.); (M.-J.S.)
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Xie Z, Gui J, Zhong Y, Li B, Sun J, Shen J, Li L. Screening genome-editing knockouts reveals the receptor-like kinase ASX role in regulations of secondary xylem development in Populus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:1972-1985. [PMID: 36922397 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In trees, secondary xylem development is essential for the growth of perennial stem increments. Many signals regulate the process of development, but our knowledge of the molecular components involved in signal transduction is still limited. In this study, we identified Attenuation of Secondary Xylem (ASX) knockouts by screening genome-editing knockouts of xylem-expressed receptor-like kinases (RLKs) in Populus. The ASX role in secondary xylem development in Populus was discovered using biochemical, cellular, and genomic analyses. The ASX knockout plants had abnormal secondary stem growth but had little effect on shoot apical primary growth. ASX and SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE (SERK)2/4 were co-precipitated in developing xylem. Through their interaction, ASX is phosphorylated by SERK. Transcriptome analysis of developing xylem revealed that ASX deficiency inhibited the transcriptional activity of genes involved in xylem differentiation and secondary cell wall formation. By forming a complex, ASX and SERK may function as a signaling module for signal transduction required in the regulation of secondary xylem development in trees. This study shows that ASX, which encodes a RLKs, is required for secondary xylem development and sheds light on regulatory signals found in tree stem secondary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Xie
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinshan Gui
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Bo Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiayan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junhui Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Li H, Wang X, Zhuo Y, Chen S, Lin J, Ma H, Zhong M. Molecular characterization and expression analysis of the remorin genes in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1175153. [PMID: 37229123 PMCID: PMC10203495 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1175153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Remorin (REMs) are plant-specific and plasma membrane-associated proteins that play an essential role in the growth and development of plants and adaptations to adverse environments. To our knowledge, a genome-scale investigation of the REM genes in tomato has never been systematically studied. In this study, a total of 17 SlREM genes were identified in the tomato genome using bioinformatics methods. Our results demonstrated that the 17 members of SlREM were classified into 6 groups based on phylogenetic analysis and unevenly distributed on the eight chromosomes of tomato. There were 15 REM homologous gene pairs between tomato and Arabidopsis. The SlREM gene structures and motif compositions were similar. Promoter sequence analysis showed that the SlREM gene promoters contained some tissue-specific, hormones and stress-related cis-regulatory elements. Expression analysis based on qRT-PCR (Real-time quantitative PCR) analysis showed that SlREM family genes were were differentially expressed in different tissues, and they responded to ABA, MeJA, SA, low-temperature, drought and NaCl treatments. These results potentially provide relevant information for further research on the biological functions of SlREM family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hui Ma
- *Correspondence: Hui Ma, ; Ming Zhong,
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10
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Ma B, Zhang L, He Z. Understanding the regulation of cereal grain filling: The way forward. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:526-547. [PMID: 36648157 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
During grain filling, starch and other nutrients accumulate in the endosperm; this directly determines grain yield and grain quality in crops such as rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Grain filling is a complex trait affected by both intrinsic and environmental factors, making it difficult to explore the underlying genetics, molecular regulation, and the application of these genes for breeding. With the development of powerful genetic and molecular techniques, much has been learned about the genes and molecular networks related to grain filling over the past decades. In this review, we highlight the key factors affecting grain filling, including both biological and abiotic factors. We then summarize the key genes controlling grain filling and their roles in this event, including regulators of sugar translocation and starch biosynthesis, phytohormone-related regulators, and other factors. Finally, we discuss how the current knowledge of valuable grain filling genes could be integrated with strategies for breeding cereal varieties with improved grain yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zuhua He
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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11
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Cai L, Liu J, Wang S, Gong Z, Yang S, Xu F, Hu Z, Zhang M, Yang J. The coiled-coil protein gene WPRb confers recessive resistance to Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:369-381. [PMID: 36179097 PMCID: PMC9806632 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is one of the major global quarantine viruses and causes severe symptoms in Cucurbit crops, particularly with regard to fruit decay. However, the genetic mechanisms that control plant resistance to CGMMV have yet to be elucidated. Here, we found that WPRb, a weak chloroplast movement under blue light 1 and plastid movement impaired 2-related protein family gene, is recessively associated with CGMMV resistance in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). We developed a reproducible marker based on a single non-synonymous substitution (G1282A) in WPRb, which can be used for marker-assisted selection for CGMMV resistance in watermelon. Editing of WPRb conferred greater tolerance to CGMMV. We found WPRb targets to the plasmodesmata (PD) and biochemically interacts with the CGMMV movement protein, facilitating viral intercellular movement by affecting the permeability of PD. Our findings enable us to genetically control CGMMV resistance in planta by using precise genome editing techniques targeted to WPRb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingmin Cai
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Ningbo Weimeng Seed Co. Ltd, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Shuchang Wang
- Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Zihui Gong
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengyuan Xu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth and Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
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12
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Elango D, Wang W, Thudi M, Sebastiar S, Ramadoss BR, Varshney RK. Genome-wide association mapping of seed oligosaccharides in chickpea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024543. [PMID: 36352859 PMCID: PMC9638045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is one of the major pulse crops, rich in protein, and widely consumed all over the world. Most legumes, including chickpeas, possess noticeable amounts of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) in their seeds. RFOs are seed oligosaccharides abundant in nature, which are non-digestible by humans and animals and cause flatulence and severe abdominal discomforts. So, this study aims to identify genetic factors associated with seed oligosaccharides in chickpea using the mini-core panel. We have quantified the RFOs (raffinose and stachyose), ciceritol, and sucrose contents in chickpea using high-performance liquid chromatography. A wide range of variations for the seed oligosaccharides was observed between the accessions: 0.16 to 15.13 mg g-1 raffinose, 2.77 to 59.43 mg g-1 stachyose, 4.36 to 90.65 mg g-1 ciceritol, and 3.57 to 54.12 mg g-1 for sucrose. Kabuli types showed desirable sugar profiles with high sucrose, whereas desi types had high concentrations RFOs. In total, 48 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for all the targeted sugar types, and nine genes (Ca_06204, Ca_04353, and Ca_20828: Phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase; Ca_17399 and Ca_22050: Remorin proteins; Ca_11152: Protein-serine/threonine phosphatase; Ca_10185, Ca_14209, and Ca_27229: UDP-glucose dehydrogenase) were identified as potential candidate genes for sugar metabolism and transport in chickpea. The accessions with low RFOs and high sucrose contents may be utilized in breeding specialty chickpeas. The identified candidate genes could be exploited in marker-assisted breeding, genomic selection, and genetic engineering to improve the sugar profiles in legumes and other crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinakaran Elango
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
- Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Wanyan Wang
- Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mahender Thudi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, India
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Toowoomba, QLD, Australia
- Genetics Gains Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sheelamary Sebastiar
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, India
| | - Bharathi Raja Ramadoss
- Saskatoon Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Genetics Gains Research Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Crop Research Innovation Centre, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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13
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Ma Z, Zhu K, Gao Y, Tan S, Miao Y. Molecular condensation and mechanoregulation of plant class I formin, an integrin‐like actin nucleator. FEBS J 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Ma
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Kexin Zhu
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Yong‐Gui Gao
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Suet‐Mien Tan
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
- Institute for Digital Molecular Analytics and Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore City Singapore
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14
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Malik P, Huang M, Neelam K, Bhatia D, Kaur R, Yadav B, Singh J, Sneller C, Singh K. Genotyping-by-Sequencing Based Investigation of Population Structure and Genome Wide Association Studies for Seven Agronomically Important Traits in a Set of 346 Oryza rufipogon Accessions. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:37. [PMID: 35819660 PMCID: PMC9276952 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00582-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Being one of the most important staple dietary constituents globally, genetic enhancement of cultivated rice for yield, agronomically important traits is of substantial importance. Even though the climatic factors and crop management practices impact complex traits like yield immensely, the contribution of variation by underlying genetic factors surpasses them all. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of utilizing exotic germplasm, landraces in enhancing the diversity of gene pool, leading to better selections and thus superior cultivars. Thus, to fully exploit the potential of progenitor of Asian cultivated rice for productivity related traits, genome wide association study (GWAS) for seven agronomically important traits was conducted on a panel of 346 O. rufipogon accessions using a set of 15,083 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphic markers. The phenotypic data analysis indicated large continuous variation for all the traits under study, with a significant negative correlation observed between grain parameters and agronomic parameters like plant height, culm thickness. The presence of 74.28% admixtures in the panel as revealed by investigating population structure indicated the panel to be very poorly genetically differentiated, with rapid LD decay. The genome-wide association analyses revealed a total of 47 strong MTAs with 19 SNPs located in/close to previously reported QTL/genic regions providing a positive analytic proof for our studies. The allelic differences of significant MTAs were found to be statistically significant at 34 genomic regions. A total of 51 O. rufipogon accessions harboured combination of superior alleles and thus serve as potential candidates for accelerating rice breeding programs. The present study identified 27 novel SNPs to be significantly associated with different traits. Allelic differences between cultivated and wild rice at significant MTAs determined superior alleles to be absent at 12 positions implying substantial scope of improvement by their targeted introgression into cultivars. Introgression of novel significant genomic regions into breeder's pool would broaden the genetic base of cultivated rice, thus making the crop more resilient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palvi Malik
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC, The Ohio State University, Wooster, USA
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC, The Ohio State University, Wooster, USA
| | - Kumari Neelam
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India.
| | - Dharminder Bhatia
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Ramanjeet Kaur
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Bharat Yadav
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- Crop Pathology and Genetics Lab, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jasdeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Clay Sneller
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC, The Ohio State University, Wooster, USA
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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15
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Yue N, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Li Z, Wang X, Wen Z, Gao Z, Pi Q, Zhang Y, Wang X, Han C, Yu J, Li D. Palmitoylation of γb protein directs a dynamic switch between Barley stripe mosaic virus replication and movement. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110060. [PMID: 35642376 PMCID: PMC9251889 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral replication and movement are intimately linked; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating the transition between replication and subsequent movement remain largely unknown. We previously demonstrated that the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) γb protein promotes viral replication and movement by interacting with the αa replicase and TGB1 movement proteins. Here, we found that γb is palmitoylated at Cys-10, Cys-19, and Cys-60 in Nicotiana benthamiana, which supports BSMV infection. Intriguingly, non-palmitoylated γb is anchored to chloroplast replication sites and enhances BSMV replication, whereas palmitoylated γb protein recruits TGB1 to the chloroplasts and forms viral replication-movement intermediate complexes. At the late stages of replication, γb interacts with NbPAT15 and NbPAT21 and is palmitoylated at the chloroplast periphery, thereby shifting viral replication to intracellular and intercellular movement. We also show that palmitoylated γb promotes virus cell-to-cell movement by interacting with NbREM1 to inhibit callose deposition at the plasmodesmata. Altogether, our experiments reveal a model whereby palmitoylation of γb directs a dynamic switch between BSMV replication and movement events during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhenggang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xueting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyan Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zongyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qinglin Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xian‐Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chenggui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jialin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Dawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agro‐Biotechnology, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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16
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Ma T, Fu S, Wang K, Wang Y, Wu J, Zhou X. Palmitoylation Is Indispensable for Remorin to Restrict Tobacco Mosaic Virus Cell-to-Cell Movement in Nicotiana benthamiana. Viruses 2022; 14:1324. [PMID: 35746795 PMCID: PMC9227848 DOI: 10.3390/v14061324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Remorin (REM) is a plant-specific plasma membrane-associated protein regulating plasmodesmata plasticity and restricting viral cell-to-cell movement. Here, we show that palmitoylation is broadly present in group 1 remorin proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana and is crucial for plasma membrane localization and accumulation. By screening the four members of N. benthamiana group 1 remorin proteins, we found that only NbREM1.5 could significantly hamper tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) cell-to-cell movement. We further showed that NbREM1.5 interacts with the movement protein of TMV in vivo and interferes with its function of expanding the plasmodesmata size exclusion limit. We also demonstrated that palmitoylation is indispensable for NbREM1.5 to hamper plasmodesmata permeability and inhibit TMV cell-to-cell movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Shuai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (T.M.); (S.F.); (K.W.); (Y.W.); (J.W.)
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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17
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Sphingolipids at Plasmodesmata: Structural Components and Functional Modulators. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105677. [PMID: 35628487 PMCID: PMC9145688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are plant-specific channels connecting adjacent cells to mediate intercellular communication of molecules essential for plant development and defense. The typical PD are organized by the close apposition of the plasma membrane (PM), the desmotubule derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and spoke-like elements linking the two membranes. The plasmodesmal PM (PD-PM) is characterized by the formation of unique microdomains enriched with sphingolipids, sterols, and specific proteins, identified by lipidomics and proteomics. These components modulate PD to adapt to the dynamic changes of developmental processes and environmental stimuli. In this review, we focus on highlighting the functions of sphingolipid species in plasmodesmata, including membrane microdomain organization, architecture transformation, callose deposition and permeability control, and signaling regulation. We also briefly discuss the difference between sphingolipids and sterols, and we propose potential unresolved questions that are of help for further understanding the correspondence between plasmodesmal structure and function.
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18
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Miras M, Pottier M, Schladt TM, Ejike JO, Redzich L, Frommer WB, Kim JY. Plasmodesmata and their role in assimilate translocation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 270:153633. [PMID: 35151953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
During multicellularization, plants evolved unique cell-cell connections, the plasmodesmata (PD). PD of angiosperms are complex cellular domains, embedded in the cell wall and consisting of multiple membranes and a large number of proteins. From the beginning, it had been assumed that PD provide passage for a wide range of molecules, from ions to metabolites and hormones, to RNAs and even proteins. In the context of assimilate allocation, it has been hypothesized that sucrose produced in mesophyll cells is transported via PD from cell to cell down a concentration gradient towards the phloem. Entry into the sieve element companion cell complex (SECCC) is then mediated on three potential routes, depending on the species and conditions, - either via diffusion across PD, after conversion to raffinose via PD using a polymer trap mechanism, or via a set of transporters which secrete sucrose from one cell and secondary active uptake into the SECCC. Multiple loading mechanisms can likely coexist. We here review the current knowledge regarding photoassimilate transport across PD between cells as a prerequisite for translocation from leaves to recipient organs, in particular roots and developing seeds. We summarize the state-of-the-art in protein composition, structure, transport mechanism and regulation of PD to apprehend their functions in carbohydrate allocation. Since many aspects of PD biology remain elusive, we highlight areas that require new approaches and technologies to advance our understanding of these enigmatic and important cell-cell connections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Miras
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Mathieu Pottier
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - T Moritz Schladt
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - J Obinna Ejike
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Laura Redzich
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Wolf B Frommer
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany; Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Ji-Yun Kim
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
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19
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Zhang XF, Yang CY, Lin HX, Wang JW, Xue HW. Rice SPL12 coevolved with GW5 to determine grain shape. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:2353-2357. [PMID: 36654120 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fan Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chun-Yan Yang
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology/School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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20
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Hu M, Zhao H, Yang B, Yang S, Liu H, Tian H, Shui G, Chen Z, E L, Lai J, Song W. ZmCTLP1 is required for the maintenance of lipid homeostasis and the basal endosperm transfer layer in maize kernels. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:2384-2399. [PMID: 34559890 PMCID: PMC9292782 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Maize kernel weight is influenced by the unloading of nutrients from the maternal placenta and their passage through the transfer tissue of the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL) and the basal intermediate zone (BIZ) to the upper part of the endosperm. Here, we show that Small kernel 10 (Smk10) encodes a choline transporter-like protein 1 (ZmCTLP1) that facilitates choline uptake and is located in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Its loss of function results in reduced choline content, leading to smaller kernels with a lower starch content. Mutation of ZmCTLP1 disrupts membrane lipid homeostasis and the normal development of wall in-growths. Expression levels of Mn1 and ZmSWEET4c, two kernel filling-related genes, are downregulated in the smk10, which is likely to be one of the major causes of incompletely differentiated transfer cells. Mutation of ZmCTLP1 also reduces the number of plasmodesmata (PD) in transfer cells, indicating that the smk10 mutant is impaired in PD formation. Intriguingly, we also observed premature cell death in the BETL and BIZ of the smk10 mutant. Together, our results suggest that ZmCTLP1-mediated choline transport affects kernel development, highlighting its important role in lipid homeostasis, wall in-growth formation and PD development in transfer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Haiming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Haihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and BiochemistryCollege of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - He Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental BiologyInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China
| | - Zongliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Waksman Institute of MicrobiologyRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ08854‐8020USA
| | - Lizhu E
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Weibin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry and National Maize Improvement CenterDepartment of Plant Genetics and BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
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21
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Mutation in OsFWL7 Affects Cadmium and Micronutrient Metal Accumulation in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212583. [PMID: 34830475 PMCID: PMC8624461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronutrient metals, such as Mn, Cu, Fe, and Zn, are essential heavy metals for plant growth and development, while Cd is a nonessential heavy metal that is highly toxic to both plants and humans. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd and micronutrient metal accumulation in plants remains incomplete. Here, we show that OsFWL7, an FW2.2-like (FWL) family gene in Oryza sativa, is preferentially expressed in the root and encodes a protein localized to the cell membrane. The osfwl7 mutation reduces both the uptake and the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd in rice plants. Additionally, the accumulation of micronutrient metals, including Mn, Cu, and Fe, was lower in osfwl7 mutants than in the wildtype plants under normal growth conditions. Moreover, the osfwl7 mutation affects the expression of several heavy metal transporter genes. Protein interaction analyses reveal that rice FWL proteins interact with themselves and one another, and with several membrane microdomain marker proteins. Our results suggest that OsFWL7 is involved in Cd and micronutrient metal accumulation in rice. Additionally, rice FWL proteins may form oligomers and some of them may be located in membrane microdomains.
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Xu L, Xiao L, Xiao Y, Peng D, Xiao X, Huang W, Gheysen G, Wang G. Plasmodesmata play pivotal role in sucrose supply to Meloidogyne graminicola-caused giant cells in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:539-550. [PMID: 33723908 PMCID: PMC8035636 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
On infection, plant-parasitic nematodes establish feeding sites in roots from which they take up carbohydrates among other nutrients. Knowledge on how carbohydrates are supplied to the nematodes' feeding sites is limited. Here, gene expression analyses showed that RNA levels of OsSWEET11 to OsSWEET15 were extremely low in both Meloidogyne graminicola (Mg)-caused galls and noninoculated roots. All the rice sucrose transporter genes, OsSUT1 to OsSUT5, were either down-regulated in Mg-caused galls compared with noninoculated rice roots or had very low transcript abundance. OsSUT1 was the only gene up-regulated in galls, at 14 days postinoculation (dpi), after being highly down-regulated at 3 and 7 dpi. OsSUT4 was down-regulated at 3 dpi. No noticeable OsSUTs promoter activities were detected in Mg-caused galls of pOsSUT1 to -5::GUS rice lines. Loading experiments with carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) demonstrated that symplastic connections exist between phloem and Mg-caused giant cells (GCs). According to data from OsGNS5- and OsGSL2-overexpressing rice plants that had decreased and increased callose deposition, respectively, callose negatively affected Mg parasitism and sucrose supply to Mg-caused GCs. Our results suggest that plasmodesmata-mediated sucrose transport plays a pivotal role in sucrose supply from rice root phloem to Mg-caused GCs, and OsSWEET11 to -15 and OsSUTs are not major players in it, although further functional analysis is needed for OsSUT1 and OsSUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li‐he Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Li‐ying Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yan‐nong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - De‐liang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Xue‐qiong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wen‐kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect PestsInstitute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural ScienceBeijingChina
| | - Godelieve Gheysen
- Department of BiotechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Gao‐feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei ProvinceCollege of Plant Science & TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
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Fei H, Yang Z, Lu Q, Wen X, Zhang Y, Zhang A, Lu C. OsSWEET14 cooperates with OsSWEET11 to contribute to grain filling in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110851. [PMID: 33775358 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The grain-filling process is crucial for cereal crop yields, but how the caryopsis of such plants is supplied with sugars, which are produced by photosynthesis in leaves and then transported long distance, is largely unknown. In rice (Oryza sativa), various SWEET family sucrose transporters are thought to have important roles in grain filling. Here, we report that OsSWEET14 plays a crucial part in this process in rice. ossweet14 knockout mutants did not show any detectable phenotypic differences from the wild type, whereas ossweet14;ossweet11 double-knockout mutants had much more severe phenotypes than ossweet11 single-knockout mutants, including strongly reduced grain weight and yield, reduced grain-filling rate, and increased starch accumulation in the pericarp. Both OsSWEET14 and OsSWEET11 exhibited distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns between the early stage of caryopsis development and the rapid grain-filling stage. During the rapid grain-filling stage, OsSWEET14 and OsSWEET11 localized to four key sites: vascular parenchyma cells, the nucellar projection, the nucellar epidermis, and cross cells. These results demonstrate that OsSWEET14 plays an important role in grain filling, and they suggest that four major apoplasmic pathways supply sucrose to the endosperm during the rapid grain-filling stage via the sucrose effluxers SWEET14 and SWEET11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Fei
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhipan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qingtao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Xiaogang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Aihong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Congming Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China.
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Gouguet P, Gronnier J, Legrand A, Perraki A, Jolivet MD, Deroubaix AF, German-Retana S, Boudsocq M, Habenstein B, Mongrand S, Germain V. Connecting the dots: from nanodomains to physiological functions of REMORINs. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:632-649. [PMID: 33793872 PMCID: PMC8133660 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
REMORINs (REMs) are a plant-specific protein family, proposed regulators of membrane-associated molecular assemblies and well-established markers of plasma membrane nanodomains. REMs play a diverse set of functions in plant interactions with pathogens and symbionts, responses to abiotic stresses, hormone signaling and cell-to-cell communication. In this review, we highlight the established and more putative roles of REMs throughout the literature. We discuss the physiological functions of REMs, the mechanisms underlying their nanodomain-organization and their putative role as regulators of nanodomain-associated molecular assemblies. Furthermore, we discuss how REM phosphorylation may regulate their functional versatility. Overall, through data-mining and comparative analysis of the literature, we suggest how to further study the molecular mechanisms underpinning the functions of REMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Gouguet
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- ZMBP, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 32 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julien Gronnier
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Legrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, A11, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Artemis Perraki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marie-Dominique Jolivet
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Anne-Flore Deroubaix
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvie German-Retana
- Equipe de Virologie, Institut Scientifique de Recherche Agronomique and Université de Bordeaux, BP81, 33883 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Marie Boudsocq
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Université d’Evry, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay (IPS2), Université de Paris, Orsay, France
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, A11, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Author for communication: (S.M.)
| | - Véronique Germain
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Diao M, Huang S. An Update on the Role of the Actin Cytoskeleton in Plasmodesmata: A Focus on Formins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:647123. [PMID: 33659020 PMCID: PMC7917184 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.647123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication in plants is mediated by plasmodesmata (PD) whose permeability is tightly regulated during plant growth and development. The actin cytoskeleton has been implicated in regulating the permeability of PD, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Recent characterization of PD-localized formin proteins has shed light on the role and mechanism of action of actin in regulating PD-mediated intercellular trafficking. In this mini-review article, we will describe the progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Diao
- iHuman Institute, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanjin Huang
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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26
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Fan W, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhou W, Yang J, Yuan L, Zhang P, Wang H. The H +-pyrophosphatase IbVP1 regulates carbon flux to influence the starch metabolism and yield of sweet potato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:20. [PMID: 33518705 PMCID: PMC7847997 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Storage roots of sweet potato are important sink organs for photoassimilates and energy, and carbohydrate metabolism in storage roots affects yield and starch production. Our previous study showed that sweet potato H+-pyrophosphatase (IbVP1) plays a vital role in mitigating iron deficiency and positively controls fibrous root growth. However, its roles in regulating starch production in storage roots have not been investigated. In this study, we found that IbVP1 overexpression in sweet potato improved the photosynthesis ability of and sucrose content in source leaves and increased both the starch content in and total yield of sink tissues. Using 13C-labeled sucrose feeding, we determined that IbVP1 overexpression promotes phloem loading and sucrose long-distance transport and enhances Pi-use efficiency. In sweet potato plants overexpressing IbVP1, the expression levels of starch biosynthesis pathway genes, especially AGPase and GBSSI, were upregulated, leading to changes in the structure, composition, and physicochemical properties of stored starch. Our study shows that the IbVP1 gene plays an important role in regulating starch metabolism in sweet potato. Application of the VP1 gene in genetic engineering of sweet potato cultivars may allow the improvement of starch production and yield under stress or nutrient-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijuan Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Yandi Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yinliang Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenzhi Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hongxia Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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27
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Iswanto ABB, Shelake RM, Vu MH, Kim JY, Kim SH. Genome Editing for Plasmodesmal Biology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:679140. [PMID: 34149780 PMCID: PMC8207191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.679140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are cytoplasmic canals that facilitate intercellular communication and molecular exchange between adjacent plant cells. PD-associated proteins are considered as one of the foremost factors in regulating PD function that is critical for plant development and stress responses. Although its potential to be used for crop engineering is enormous, our understanding of PD biology was relatively limited to model plants, demanding further studies in crop systems. Recently developed genome editing techniques such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associate protein (CRISPR/Cas) might confer powerful approaches to dissect the molecular function of PD components and to engineer elite crops. Here, we assess several aspects of PD functioning to underline and highlight the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas that provide new insight into PD biology and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Minh Huy Vu
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Jae-Yean Kim,
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sang Hee Kim,
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28
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Intercellular trafficking via plasmodesmata: molecular layers of complexity. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 78:799-816. [PMID: 32920696 PMCID: PMC7897608 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03622-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are intercellular pores connecting together most plant cells. These structures consist of a central constricted form of the endoplasmic reticulum, encircled by some cytoplasmic space, in turn delimited by the plasma membrane, itself ultimately surrounded by the cell wall. The presence and structure of plasmodesmata create multiple routes for intercellular trafficking of a large spectrum of molecules (encompassing RNAs, proteins, hormones and metabolites) and also enable local signalling events. Movement across plasmodesmata is finely controlled in order to balance processes requiring communication with those necessitating symplastic isolation. Here, we describe the identities and roles of the molecular components (specific sets of lipids, proteins and wall polysaccharides) that shape and define plasmodesmata structural and functional domains. We highlight the extensive and dynamic interactions that exist between the plasma/endoplasmic reticulum membranes, cytoplasm and cell wall domains, binding them together to effectively define plasmodesmata shapes and purposes.
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29
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Wang X, Sager R, Lee JY. Evaluating molecular movement through plasmodesmata. Methods Cell Biol 2020; 160:99-117. [PMID: 32896335 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata are membrane-lined cytoplasmic passageways that facilitate the movement of nutrients and various types of molecules between cells in the plant. They are highly dynamic channels, opening or closing in response to physiological and developmental stimuli or environmental challenges such as biotic and abiotic stresses. Accumulating evidence supports the idea that such dynamic controls occur through integrative cellular mechanisms. Currently, a few fluorescence-based methods are available that allow monitoring changes in molecular movement through plasmodesmata. In this chapter, following a brief introduction to those methods, we provide a detailed step-by-step protocol for the Drop-ANd-See (DANS) assay, which is advantageous when it is desirable to measure plasmodesmal permeability non-invasively, in situ and in real-time. We discuss the experimental conditions one should consider to produce reliable and reproducible DANS results along with troubleshooting ideas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ross Sager
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jung-Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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30
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Ramsey JS, Chin EL, Chavez JD, Saha S, Mischuk D, Mahoney J, Mohr J, Robison FM, Mitrovic E, Xu Y, Strickler SR, Fernandez N, Zhong X, Polek M, Godfrey KE, Giovannoni JJ, Mueller LA, Slupsky CM, Bruce JE, Heck M. Longitudinal Transcriptomic, Proteomic, and Metabolomic Analysis of Citrus limon Response to Graft Inoculation by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2247-2263. [PMID: 32338516 PMCID: PMC7970439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Presymptomatic detection of citrus trees infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the bacterial pathogen associated with Huanglongbing (HLB; citrus greening disease), is critical to controlling the spread of the disease. To test whether infected citrus trees produce systemic signals that may be used for indirect disease detection, lemon (Citrus limon) plants were graft-inoculated with either CLas-infected or control (CLas-) budwood, and leaf samples were longitudinally collected over 46 weeks and analyzed for plant changes associated with CLas infection. RNA, protein, and metabolite samples extracted from leaves were analyzed using RNA-Seq, mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR spectroscopy, respectively. Significant differences in specific transcripts, proteins, and metabolites were observed between CLas-infected and control plants as early as 2 weeks post graft (wpg). The most dramatic differences between the transcriptome and proteome of CLas-infected and control plants were observed at 10 wpg, including coordinated increases in transcripts and proteins of citrus orthologs of known plant defense genes. This integrated approach to quantifying plant molecular changes in leaves of CLas-infected plants supports the development of diagnostic technology for presymptomatic or early disease detection as part of efforts to control the spread of HLB into uninfected citrus groves.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Ramsey
- USDA Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Elizabeth L Chin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, 392 Old Davis Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Juan D Chavez
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, William H. Foege Hall, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Surya Saha
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Darya Mischuk
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, 392 Old Davis Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jaclyn Mahoney
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Jared Mohr
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, William H. Foege Hall, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Faith M Robison
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Elizabeth Mitrovic
- Contained Research Facility, University of California, 555 Hopkins Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Yimin Xu
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Susan R Strickler
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Noe Fernandez
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Xuefei Zhong
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, William H. Foege Hall, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - MaryLou Polek
- Citrus Research Board, 217 N Encina Street, Visalia, California 93291, United States
- National Clonal Germplasm Repository for Citrus, 1060 Martin Luther King Blvd., Riverside, California 92507, United States
| | - Kris E Godfrey
- Contained Research Facility, University of California, 555 Hopkins Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James J Giovannoni
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- USDA Plant, Soil, and Nutrition Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 236 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lukas A Mueller
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Carolyn M Slupsky
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, 392 Old Davis Road, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - James E Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, William H. Foege Hall, 3720 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Michelle Heck
- USDA Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, 538 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 236 Tower Road, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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Pankratenko AV, Atabekova AK, Morozov SY, Solovyev AG. Membrane Contacts in Plasmodesmata: Structural Components and Their Functions. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:531-544. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920050028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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32
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Cai J, Chen T, Wang Y, Qin G, Tian S. SlREM1 Triggers Cell Death by Activating an Oxidative Burst and Other Regulators. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:717-732. [PMID: 32317359 PMCID: PMC7271787 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD), a highly regulated feature of the plant immune response, involves multiple molecular players. Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific proteins with varied biological functions, but their function in PCD and plant defense remains largely unknown. Here, we report a role for remorin in disease resistance, immune response, and PCD regulation. Overexpression of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) REMORIN1 (SlREM1) increased susceptibility of tomato to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and heterologous expression of this gene triggered cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Further investigation indicated that amino acids 173 to 187 and phosphorylation of SlREM1 played key roles in SlREM1-triggered cell death. Intriguingly, multiple tomato REMs induced cell death in N benthamiana leaves. Yeast two-hybrid, split luciferase complementation, and coimmunoprecipitation assays all demonstrated that remorin proteins could form homo- and heterocomplexes. Using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitative proteomics, we identified that some proteins related to cell death regulation, as well as N benthamiana RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG B (which is essential for reactive oxygen species production), were notably upregulated in SlREM1-expressing leaves. Heterologous expression of SlREM1 increased reactive oxygen species accumulation and triggered other cell death regulators. Our findings indicate that SlREM1 is a positive regulator of plant cell death and provide clues for understanding the PCD molecular regulatory network in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guozheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquanlu, Beijing 100049, China
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Yan D, Liu Y. Diverse regulation of plasmodesmal architecture facilitates adaptation to phloem translocation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:2505-2512. [PMID: 31872215 PMCID: PMC7210759 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The long-distance translocation of nutrients and mobile molecules between different terminals is necessary for plant growth and development. Plasmodesmata-mediated symplastic trafficking plays an important role in accomplishing this task. To facilitate intercellular transport, plants have evolved diverse plasmodesmata with distinct internal architecture at different cell-cell interfaces along the trafficking route. Correspondingly, different underlying mechanisms for regulating plasmodesmal structures have been gradually revealed. In this review, we highlight recent studies on various plasmodesmal architectures, as well as relevant regulators of their de novo formation and transition, responsible for phloem loading, transport, and unloading specifically. We also discuss the interesting but unaddressed questions relating to, and potential studies on, the adaptation of functional plasmodesmal structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Gui J, Lam PY, Tobimatsu Y, Sun J, Huang C, Cao S, Zhong Y, Umezawa T, Li L. Fibre-specific regulation of lignin biosynthesis improves biomass quality in Populus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:1074-1087. [PMID: 31909485 PMCID: PMC7216960 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a major component of cell wall biomass and decisively affects biomass utilisation. Engineering of lignin biosynthesis is extensively studied, while lignin modification often causes growth defects. We developed a strategy for cell-type-specific modification of lignin to achieve improvements in cell wall property without growth penalty. We targeted a lignin-related transcription factor, LTF1, for modification of lignin biosynthesis. LTF1 can be engineered to a nonphosphorylation form which is introduced into Populus under the control of either a vessel-specific or fibre-specific promoter. The transgenics with lignin suppression in vessels showed severe dwarfism and thin-walled vessels, while the transgenics with lignin suppression in fibres displayed vigorous growth with normal vessels under phytotron, glasshouse and field conditions. In-depth lignin structural analyses revealed that such cell-type-specific downregulation of lignin biosynthesis led to the alteration of overall lignin composition in xylem tissues reflecting the population of distinctive lignin polymers produced in vessel and fibre cells. This study demonstrates that fibre-specific suppression of lignin biosynthesis resulted in the improvement of wood biomass quality and saccharification efficiency and presents an effective strategy to precisely regulate lignin biosynthesis with desired growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshan Gui
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Pui Ying Lam
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Yuki Tobimatsu
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Jiayan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Cheng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
| | - Shumin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yu Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Toshiaki Umezawa
- Research Institute for Sustainable HumanosphereKyoto UniversityUjiKyoto611‐0011Japan
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant SciencesShanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200032China
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Li X, Wang P, Li J, Wei S, Yan Y, Yang J, Zhao M, Langdale JA, Zhou W. Maize GOLDEN2-LIKE genes enhance biomass and grain yields in rice by improving photosynthesis and reducing photoinhibition. Commun Biol 2020; 3:151. [PMID: 32238902 PMCID: PMC7113295 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0887-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic efficiency is a major target for improvement of crop yield potential under agricultural field conditions. Inefficiencies can occur in many steps of the photosynthetic process, from chloroplast biogenesis to functioning of the light harvesting and carbon fixation reactions. Nuclear-encoded GOLDEN2-LIKE (GLK) transcription factors regulate some of the earliest steps by activating target genes encoding chloroplast-localized and photosynthesis-related proteins. Here we show that constitutive expression of maize GLK genes in rice leads to enhanced levels of chlorophylls and pigment-protein antenna complexes, and that these increases lead to improved light harvesting efficiency via photosystem II in field-grown plants. Increased levels of xanthophylls further buffer the negative effects of photoinhibition under high or fluctuating light conditions by facilitating greater dissipation of excess absorbed energy as heat. Significantly, the enhanced photosynthetic capacity of field-grown transgenic plants resulted in increased carbohydrate levels and a 30–40% increase in both vegetative biomass and grain yield. Li et al. improve photosynthetic efficiency in rice by constitutively expressing maize GOLDEN2-like (GLK) genes (ZmG2 and ZmGLK1). They are able to reduce photoinhibition and enhance the photosynthetic potential as well as increase the carbohydrate, biomass and grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK.,CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Shaobo Wei
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Yan
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 201602, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Jane A Langdale
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China.
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Cao S, Huang C, Luo L, Zheng S, Zhong Y, Sun J, Gui J, Li L. Cell-Specific Suppression of 4-Coumarate-CoA Ligase Gene Reveals Differential Effect of Lignin on Cell Physiological Function in Populus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:589729. [PMID: 33281849 PMCID: PMC7705072 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.589729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a main component of the secondary cell wall in vessels and fibers of xylem tissue. However, the significance of lignin in cell physiology during plant growth is unclear. In this study, we generated lignin-modified Populus via cell-specific downregulation of the 4-coumarate-CoA ligase gene (4CL). The transgenic plants with selective lignin modification in vessel elements or fiber cells allowed us to investigate how lignin affects the physiology of vessel or fiber cells in relation to plant growth. Results showed that vessel-specific suppression of lignin biosynthesis resulted in deformed vessels and normal fibers, while fiber-specific suppression of lignin biosynthesis led to less-lignified fibers and normal vessels. Further analyses revealed that the efficiency of long distance water transport was severely affected in transgenics with vessel-specific lignin modification, while minimal effect was detected in transgenics with fiber-specific lignin modification. Vessel-specific lignin reduction led to high susceptibility to drought stress and poor growth in field, likely due to vessel defects in long distance transport of water. The distinct physiological significance of lignin in different cell types provides insights into the selective modification of lignin for improvement of lignocellulosic biomass utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Laifu Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayan Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinshan Gui
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jinshan Gui,
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Laigeng Li,
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Yu M, Cui Y, Zhang X, Li R, Lin J. Organization and dynamics of functional plant membrane microdomains. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:275-287. [PMID: 31422442 PMCID: PMC11104912 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Plasma membranes are heterogeneous and laterally compartmentalized into distinct microdomains. These membrane microdomains consist of special lipids and proteins and are thought to act as signaling platforms. In plants, membrane microdomains have been detected by super-resolution microscopy, and there is evidence that they play roles in several biological processes. Here, we review current knowledge about the lipid and protein components of membrane microdomains. Furthermore, we summarize the dynamics of membrane microdomains in response to different stimuli. We also explore the biological functions associated with membrane microdomains as signal integration hubs. Finally, we outline challenges and questions for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yaning Cui
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ruili Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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38
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Gronnier J, Legrand A, Loquet A, Habenstein B, Germain V, Mongrand S. Mechanisms governing subcompartmentalization of biological membranes. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 52:114-123. [PMID: 31546133 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Membranes show a tremendous variety of lipids and proteins operating biochemistry, transport and signalling. The dynamics and the organization of membrane constituents are regulated in space and time to execute precise functions. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that shape and govern membrane subcompartmentalization and inter-organelle contact sites still remains limited. Here, we review some reported mechanisms implicated in regulating plant membrane domains including those of plasma membrane, plastids, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, we discuss several state-of-the-art methods that allow nowadays researchers to decipher the architecture of these structures at the molecular and atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Gronnier
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anthony Legrand
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Antoine Loquet
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Birgit Habenstein
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nanoobjects (UMR5248 CBMN), IECB, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, All, Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Pessac, France
| | - Véronique Germain
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), UMR 5200, 33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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Tran TM, McCubbin TJ, Bihmidine S, Julius BT, Baker RF, Schauflinger M, Weil C, Springer N, Chomet P, Wagner R, Woessner J, Grote K, Peevers J, Slewinski TL, Braun DM. Maize Carbohydrate Partitioning Defective33 Encodes an MCTP Protein and Functions in Sucrose Export from Leaves. MOLECULAR PLANT 2019; 12:1278-1293. [PMID: 31102785 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To sustain plant growth, development, and crop yield, sucrose must be transported from leaves to distant parts of the plant, such as seeds and roots. To identify genes that regulate sucrose accumulation and transport in maize (Zea mays), we isolated carbohydrate partitioning defective33 (cpd33), a recessive mutant that accumulated excess starch and soluble sugars in mature leaves. The cpd33 mutants also exhibited chlorosis in the leaf blades, greatly diminished plant growth, and reduced fertility. Cpd33 encodes a protein containing multiple C2 domains and transmembrane regions. Subcellular localization experiments showed the CPD33 protein localized to plasmodesmata (PD), the plasma membrane, and the endoplasmic reticulum. We also found that a loss-of-function mutant of the CPD33 homolog in Arabidopsis, QUIRKY, had a similar carbohydrate hyperaccumulation phenotype. Radioactively labeled sucrose transport assays showed that sucrose export was significantly lower in cpd33 mutant leaves relative to wild-type leaves. However, PD transport in the adaxial-abaxial direction was unaffected in cpd33 mutant leaves. Intriguingly, transmission electron microscopy revealed fewer PD at the companion cell-sieve element interface in mutant phloem tissue, providing a possible explanation for the reduced sucrose export in mutant leaves. Collectively, our results suggest that CPD33 functions to promote symplastic transport into sieve elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu M Tran
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; National Key Laboratory for Plant Cell Technology, Agricultural Genetics Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tyler J McCubbin
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Saadia Bihmidine
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Benjamin T Julius
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - R Frank Baker
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Martin Schauflinger
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Clifford Weil
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan Springer
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Paul Chomet
- NRGene Inc., 8910 University Center Lane, ∖r∖nSuite 400, San Diego, CA 92122, USA
| | - Ruth Wagner
- Bayer Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA
| | | | - Karen Grote
- Bayer Crop Science, Chesterfield, MO 63017, USA
| | | | | | - David M Braun
- Division of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Badawi MA, Agharbaoui Z, Zayed M, Li Q, Byrns B, Zou J, Fowler DB, Danyluk J, Sarhan F. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Wheat Remorin ( TaREM) Family during Cold Acclimation. THE PLANT GENOME 2019; 12:180040. [PMID: 31290927 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2018.06.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Remorins (REMs) are plant-specific proteins that play an essential role in plant-microbe interactions. However, their roles in vernalization and abiotic stress responses remain speculative. Most remorins have a variable proline-rich -half and a more conserved -half that is predicted to form coils. A search of the wheat ( L.) database revealed the existence of 20 different genes, which we classified into six groups on the basis of whether they shared a common phylogenetic and structural origin. Analysis of the physical genomic distributions demonstrated that genes are dispersed in the wheat genome and have one to seven introns. Promoter analysis of genes revealed the presence of putative -elements related to diverse functions like development, hormonal regulation, and biotic and abiotic stress responsiveness. Expression levels of genes were measured in plants grown under field and controlled conditions and in response to hormone treatment. Our analyses revealed that 12 members of the REM family are regulated during cold acclimation in wheat in four different tissues (roots, crowns, stems, and leaves), with the highest expression in roots. Differential gene expression was found between wheat cultivars with contrasting degrees of cold tolerance, suggesting the implication of genes in cold response and tolerance. Additionally, eight genes were induced in response to abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate treatment. This genome-wide analysis of genes provides valuable resources for functional analysis aimed at understanding their role in stress adaptation.
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Yan W, Wu X, Li Y, Liu G, Cui Z, Jiang T, Ma Q, Luo L, Zhang P. Cell Wall Invertase 3 Affects Cassava Productivity via Regulating Sugar Allocation From Source to Sink. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:541. [PMID: 31114601 PMCID: PMC6503109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Storage roots are the main sink for photo-assimilate accumulation and reflect cassava yield and productivity. Regulation of sugar partitioning from leaves to storage roots has not been elucidated. Cell wall invertases are involved in the hydrolysis of sugar during phloem unloading of vascular plants to control plant development and sink strength but have rarely been studied in root crops like cassava. MeCWINV3 encodes a typical cell wall invertase in cassava and is mainly expressed in vascular bundles. The gene is highly expressed in leaves, especially mature leaves, in response to diurnal rhythm. When MeCWINV3 was overexpressed in cassava, sugar export from leaves to storage roots was largely inhibited and sucrose hydrolysis in leaves was accelerated, leading to increased transient starch accumulation by blocking starch degradation and reduced overall plant growth. The progress of leaf senescence was promoted in the MeCWINV3 over-expressed cassava plants with increased expression of senescence-related genes. Storage root development was also delayed because of dramatically reduced sugar allocation from leaves. As a result, the transcriptional expression of starch biosynthetic genes such as small subunit ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, granule-bound starch synthase I, and starch branching enzyme I was reduced in accordance with insufficient sugar supply in the storage roots of the transgenic plants. These results show that MeCWINV3 regulates sugar allocation from source to sink and maintains sugar balance in cassava, thus affecting yield of cassava storage roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
| | - Guanghua Liu
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
| | - Zhanfei Cui
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tailing Jiang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, China
| | - Qiuxiang Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Luo
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu C, Yu H, Li L. SUMO modification of LBD30 by SIZ1 regulates secondary cell wall formation in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS Genet 2019; 15:e1007928. [PMID: 30657769 PMCID: PMC6355022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A wide range of biological processes are regulated by sumoylation, a post-translational modification involving the conjugation of SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier) to protein. In Arabidopsis thaliana, AtSIZ1 encodes a SUMO E3 ligase for SUMO modification. siz1 mutants displayed defective secondary cell walls (SCWs) in inflorescence fiber cells. Such defects were caused by repression of SND1/NST1-mediated transcriptional networks. Yeast two-hybrid assay indicated that SIZ1 interacts with the LBD30 C-terminal domain, which was further confirmed using bimolecular fluorescence complementation and immunoprecipitation. Mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation indicated that SIZ1 mediates SUMO conjugation to LBD30 at the K226 residue. Genes controlling SCW formation were activated by the overexpression of LBD30, but not in the LBD30(K226R) mutant. LBD30 enhancement of SCW formation resulted from upregulation of SND1/NST1-mediated transcriptional networks. This study presents a mechanism by which sumoylation of LBD30, mediated by SIZ1, regulates SCW formation in A. thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hasi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Laigeng Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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43
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Wu SW, Kumar R, Iswanto ABB, Kim JY. Callose balancing at plasmodesmata. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:5325-5339. [PMID: 30165704 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In plants, communication and molecular exchanges between different cells and tissues are dependent on the apoplastic and symplastic pathways. Symplastic molecular exchanges take place through the plasmodesmata, which connect the cytoplasm of neighboring cells in a highly controlled manner. Callose, a β-1,3-glucan polysaccharide, is a plasmodesmal marker molecule that is deposited in cell walls near the neck zone of plasmodesmata and controls their permeability. During cell differentiation and plant development, and in response to diverse stresses, the level of callose in plasmodesmata is highly regulated by two antagonistic enzymes, callose synthase or glucan synthase-like and β-1,3-glucanase. The diverse modes of regulation by callose synthase and β-1,3-glucanase have been uncovered in the past decades through biochemical, molecular, genetic, and omics methods. This review highlights recent findings regarding the function of plasmodesmal callose and the molecular players involved in callose metabolism, and provides new insight into the mechanisms maintaining plasmodesmal callose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Wei Wu
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science (CK1 program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
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Mamode Cassim A, Gouguet P, Gronnier J, Laurent N, Germain V, Grison M, Boutté Y, Gerbeau-Pissot P, Simon-Plas F, Mongrand S. Plant lipids: Key players of plasma membrane organization and function. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 73:1-27. [PMID: 30465788 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is the biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside. The PM is constituted of a huge diversity of proteins and lipids. In this review, we will update the diversity of molecular species of lipids found in plant PM. We will further discuss how lipids govern global properties of the plant PM, explaining that plant lipids are unevenly distributed and are able to organize PM in domains. From that observation, it emerges a complex picture showing a spatial and multiscale segregation of PM components. Finally, we will discuss how lipids are key players in the function of PM in plants, with a particular focus on plant-microbe interaction, transport and hormone signaling, abiotic stress responses, plasmodesmata function. The last chapter is dedicated to the methods that the plant membrane biology community needs to develop to get a comprehensive understanding of membrane organization in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiilah Mamode Cassim
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Paul Gouguet
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Julien Gronnier
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Nelson Laurent
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRS, Dijon, France
| | - Véronique Germain
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Magali Grison
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yohann Boutté
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Patricia Gerbeau-Pissot
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRS, Dijon, France
| | - Françoise Simon-Plas
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, ERL 6003 CNRS, Dijon, France.
| | - Sébastien Mongrand
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire (LBM), CNRS, University of Bordeaux, UMR 5200, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France.
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REM1.3's phospho-status defines its plasma membrane nanodomain organization and activity in restricting PVX cell-to-cell movement. PLoS Pathog 2018; 14:e1007378. [PMID: 30419072 PMCID: PMC6258466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants respond to pathogens through dynamic regulation of plasma membrane-bound signaling pathways. To date, how the plant plasma membrane is involved in responses to viruses is mostly unknown. Here, we show that plant cells sense the Potato virus X (PVX) COAT PROTEIN and TRIPLE GENE BLOCK 1 proteins and subsequently trigger the activation of a membrane-bound calcium-dependent kinase. We show that the Arabidopsis thaliana CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE 3-interacts with group 1 REMORINs in vivo, phosphorylates the intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain of the Group 1 REMORIN REM1.3, and restricts PVX cell-to-cell movement. REM1.3's phospho-status defines its plasma membrane nanodomain organization and is crucial for REM1.3-dependent restriction of PVX cell-to-cell movement by regulation of callose deposition at plasmodesmata. This study unveils plasma membrane nanodomain-associated molecular events underlying the plant immune response to viruses. Viruses propagate in plants through membranous channels, called plasmodesmata, linking each cell to its neighboring cell. In this work, we challenge the role of the plasma membrane in the regulation of virus propagation. By studying the dynamics and the activation of a plant-specific protein called REMORIN, we found that the way this protein is organized inside the membrane is crucial to fulfill its function in the immunity of plants against viruses.
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Cai J, Qin G, Chen T, Tian S. The mode of action of remorin1 in regulating fruit ripening at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:1406-1420. [PMID: 29978907 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Remorins are plant-specific and plasma membrane-associated proteins that display a variety of functions in plant growth, development, biotic and abiotic stresses, and signal transduction. However, little information is available for understanding their role in fruit ripening. Here, remorin 1 (SlREM1) is cloned from tomato and its localization is examined by co-localization analysis and immunoblotting. Functions of SlREM1 in fruit ripening are characterized based on gene expression, co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectroscopy and split luciferase complementation imaging assays in SlREM1 overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) lines. The results indicate that SlREM1 is localized at the plasma membrane. Overexpression of SlREM1 in tomato stimulates fruit ripening with an increase in ethylene production and lycopene accumulation as compared to the wild-type. Consistently, these genes involved in ethylene and lycopene biosynthesis and ripening regulators also are upregulated in SlREM1 overexpression lines. SlREM1 can interact with ethylene biosynthesis proteins SAM1, ACO1 and ACS2 and is degraded by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Our findings reveal that SlREM1 serves as a positive regulator of fruit ripening and provide novel cues for understanding of the molecular regulation network of fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghua Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guozheng Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Shiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100093, China
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Abstract
Plasmodesmata are cytoplasmic communication channels that are vital for the physiology and development of all plants. They facilitate the intercellular movement of various cargos - ranging from small molecules, such as sugars, ions and other essential nutrients and chemicals, to large complex molecules, such as proteins and different types of RNA species - by bridging neighboring cells across their cell walls. Structurally, an individual channel consists of the cytoplasmic sleeve that is formed between the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane leaflets. Plasmodesmata are highly versatile channels; they vary in number and structure, and undergo constant adjustments to their permeability in response to many internal and external cues. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster, we provide an overview of plasmodesmata form and function, with highlights on their development and variation, associated components and mobile factors. In addition, we present methodologies that are currently used to study plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross E Sager
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Jung-Youn Lee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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Li F, Xie J, Zhu X, Wang X, Zhao Y, Ma X, Zhang Z, Rashid MAR, Zhang Z, Zhi L, Zhang S, Li J, Li Z, Zhang H. Genetic Basis Underlying Correlations Among Growth Duration and Yield Traits Revealed by GWAS in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:650. [PMID: 29872443 PMCID: PMC5972282 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Avoidance of disadvantageous genetic correlations among growth duration and yield traits is critical in developing crop varieties that efficiently use light and energy resources and produce high yields. To understand the genetic basis underlying the correlations among heading date and three major yield traits in rice, we investigated the four traits in a diverse and representative core collection of 266 cultivated rice accessions in both long-day and short-day environments, and conducted the genome-wide association study using 4.6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). There were clear positive correlation between heading date and grain number per panicle, and negative correlation between grain number per panicle and panicle number, as well as different degrees of correlations among other traits in different subspecies and environments. We detected 47 pleiotropic genes in 15 pleiotropic quantitative trait loci (pQTLs), 18 pleiotropic genes containing 37 pleiotropic SNPs in 8 pQTLs, 27 pQTLs with r2 of linkage disequilibrium higher than 0.2, and 39 pairs of interactive genes from 8 metabolic pathways that may contribute to the above phenotypic correlations, but these genetic bases were different for correlations among different traits. Distributions of haplotypes revealed that selection for pleiotropic genes or interactive genes controlling different traits focused on genotypes with weak effect or on those balancing two traits that maximized production but sometimes their utilization strategies depend on the traits and environment. Detection of pQTLs and interactive genes and associated molecular markers will provide an ability to overcome disadvantageous correlations and to utilize the advantageous correlations among traits through marker-assisted selection in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongliang Zhang
- Key Lab of Crop Heterosis and Utilization of Ministry of Education and Beijing Key Lab of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Symbiotic root infections in Medicago truncatula require remorin-mediated receptor stabilization in membrane nanodomains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:5289-5294. [PMID: 29712849 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721868115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell infection is tightly controlled by cell surface receptor-like kinases (RLKs). Like other RLKs, the Medicago truncatula entry receptor LYK3 laterally segregates into membrane nanodomains in a stimulus-dependent manner. Although nanodomain localization arises as a generic feature of plant membrane proteins, the molecular mechanisms underlying such dynamic transitions and their functional relevance have remained poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that actin and the flotillin protein FLOT4 form the primary and indispensable core of a specific nanodomain. Infection-dependent induction of the remorin protein and secondary molecular scaffold SYMREM1 results in subsequent recruitment of ligand-activated LYK3 and its stabilization within these membrane subcompartments. Reciprocally, the majority of this LYK3 receptor pool is destabilized at the plasma membrane and undergoes rapid endocytosis in symrem1 mutants on rhizobial inoculation, resulting in premature abortion of host cell infections. These data reveal that receptor recruitment into nanodomains is indispensable for their function during host cell infection.
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Zhu X, Shen W, Huang J, Zhang T, Zhang X, Cui Y, Sang X, Ling Y, Li Y, Wang N, Zhao F, Zhang C, Yang Z, He G. Mutation of the OsSAC1 Gene, which Encodes an Endoplasmic Reticulum Protein with an Unknown Function, Causes Sugar Accumulation in Rice Leaves. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:487-499. [PMID: 29272542 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are the most abundant organic compounds produced by plants, and can be used to build carbon skeletons and generate energy. The sugar accumulation 1 (OsSAC1) gene encodes a protein with an unknown function that exhibits four N-terminal transmembrane regions and two conserved domains of unknown function, DUF4220 and DUF594. OsSAC1 was found to be poorly and specifically expressed at the bottoms of young leaves and in the developing leaf sheaths. Subcellular location results showed that OsSAC1 was co-localized with ER:mCherry and targeted the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). OsSAC1 has been found to affect sugar partitioning in rice (Oryza sativa). I2/KI starch staining, ultrastructure observations and starch content measurements indicated that more and larger starch granules accumulated in ossac1 source leaves than in wild-type (WT) source leaves. Additionally, higher sucrose and glucose concentrations accumulated in the ossac1 source leaves than in WT source leaves, whereas lower sucrose and glucose concentrations were observed in the ossac1 young leaves and developing leaf sheaths than in those of the WT. Much greater expression of OsAGPL1 and OsAGPS1 (responsible for starch synthesis) and significantly less expression of OscFBP1, OscFBP2, OsSPS1 and OsSPS11 (responsible for sucrose synthesis) and OsSWEET11, OsSWEET14 and OsSUT1 (responsible for sucrose loading) occurred in ossac1 source leaves than in WT source leaves. A greater amount of the rice plasmodesmatal negative regulator OsGSD1 was detected in ossac1 young leaves and developing leaf sheaths than in those of the WT. These results suggest that ER-targeted OsSAC1 may indirectly regulate sugar partitioning in carbon-demanding young leaves and developing leaf sheaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Wenqiang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Junyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Tianquan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yuanjiang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Xianchun Sang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yinghua Ling
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yunfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Fangmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Changwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Rice Research Institute of Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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