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Naveed ZA, Jamil M, Asif N, Waqas M, Ajaz S, Khan SH. Cross-regulation of cytoskeleton and calcium signaling at plant-pathogen interface. Cell Signal 2024; 117:111100. [PMID: 38360248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
During plant-pathogen interactions, cytoskeleton and calcium signaling work independently as well as in coordination with each other for developing preformed and induced defense responses. A cell wall (CW) - plasma membrane (PM) - cytoskeleton (CS) continuum is maintained by coordination of cytoskeleton and calcium signaling. The current review is focused on the current knowledge of cytoskeleton‑calcium cross-regulation during plant-pathogen interactions. Implications of recent technological developments in the existing toolkit that can address the outstanding questions of cytoskeleton‑calcium coordination plant immunity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunaira Afzal Naveed
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Jamil
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nouman Asif
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Ajaz
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Habibullah Khan
- Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan; Center of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
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2
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Kausar R, Nishiuchi T, Komatsu S. Proteomic and molecular analyses to understand the promotive effect of safranal on soybean growth under salt stress. J Proteomics 2024; 294:105072. [PMID: 38218428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Safranal is a free radical scavenger and useful as an antioxidant molecule; however, its promotive role in soybean is not explored. Salt stress decreased soybean growth and safranal improved it even if under salt stress. To study the positive mechanism of safranal on soybean growth, a proteomic approach was used. According to functional categorization, oppositely changed proteins were further confirmed using biochemical techniques. Actin and calcium-dependent protein kinase decreased in soybean root and hypocotyl, respectively, under salt stress and increased with safranal application. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase increased in soybean root under salt stress but decreased with safranal application. Peroxidase increased under salt stress and further enhanced by safranal application in soybean root. Actin, RuvB-like helicase, and protein kinase domain-containing protein were upregulated under salt stress and further enhanced by safranal application under salt stress. Dynamin GTPase was downregulated under salt stress but recovered with safranal application under salt stress. Glutathione peroxidase and PfkB domain-containing protein were upregulated by safranal application under salt stress in soybean root. These results suggest that safranal improves soybean growth through the regulation of cell wall and nuclear proteins along with reactive‑oxygen species scavenging system. Furthermore, it might promote salt-stress tolerance through the regulation of membrane proteins involved in endocytosis and post-Golgi trafficking. SIGNIFICANCE: To study the positive mechanism of safranal on soybean growth, a proteomic approach was used. According to functional categorization, oppositely changed proteins were further confirmed using biochemical techniques. Actin and calcium-dependent protein kinase decreased in soybean root and hypocotyl, respectively, under salt stress and increased with safranal application. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/ hydrolase increased in soybean root under salt stress but decreased with safranal application. Peroxidase increased under salt stress and further enhanced by safranal application in soybean root. Actin, RuvB-like helicase, and protein kinase domain-containing protein were upregulated under salt stress and further enhanced by safranal application under salt stress. Dynamin GTPase was downregulated under salt stress but recovered with safranal application under salt stress. Glutathione peroxidase and PfkB domain-containing protein were upregulated by safranal application under salt stress in soybean root. These results suggest that safranal improves soybean growth through the regulation of cell wall and nuclear proteins along with reactive‑oxygen species scavenging system. Furthermore, it might promote salt-stress tolerance through the regulation of membrane proteins involved in endocytosis and post-Golgi trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Kausar
- Department of Botany, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan.
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3
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Yuan G, Gao H, Yang T. Exploring the Role of the Plant Actin Cytoskeleton: From Signaling to Cellular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15480. [PMID: 37895158 PMCID: PMC10607326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant actin cytoskeleton is characterized by the basic properties of dynamic array, which plays a central role in numerous conserved processes that are required for diverse cellular functions. Here, we focus on how actins and actin-related proteins (ARPs), which represent two classical branches of a greatly diverse superfamily of ATPases, are involved in fundamental functions underlying signal regulation of plant growth and development. Moreover, we review the structure, assembly dynamics, and biological functions of filamentous actin (F-actin) from a molecular perspective. The various accessory proteins known as actin-binding proteins (ABPs) partner with F-actin to finely tune actin dynamics, often in response to various cell signaling pathways. Our understanding of the significance of the actin cytoskeleton in vital cellular activities has been furthered by comparison of conserved functions of actin filaments across different species combined with advanced microscopic techniques and experimental methods. We discuss the current model of the plant actin cytoskeleton, followed by examples of the signaling mechanisms under the supervision of F-actin related to cell morphogenesis, polar growth, and cytoplasmic streaming. Determination of the theoretical basis of how the cytoskeleton works is important in itself and is beneficial to future applications aimed at improving crop biomass and production efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tao Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (G.Y.); (H.G.)
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4
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Kolupaev YE, Yastreb TO, Dmitriev AP. Signal Mediators in the Implementation of Jasmonic Acid's Protective Effect on Plants under Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2631. [PMID: 37514246 PMCID: PMC10385206 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells respond to stress by activating signaling and regulatory networks that include plant hormones and numerous mediators of non-hormonal nature. These include the universal intracellular messenger calcium, reactive oxygen species (ROS), gasotransmitters, small gaseous molecules synthesized by living organisms, and signal functions such as nitrogen monoxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon monoxide (CO), and others. This review focuses on the role of functional linkages of jasmonic acid and jasmonate signaling components with gasotransmitters and other signaling mediators, as well as some stress metabolites, in the regulation of plant adaptive responses to abiotic stressors. Data on the involvement of NO, H2S, and CO in the regulation of jasmonic acid formation in plant cells and its signal transduction were analyzed. The possible involvement of the protein components of jasmonate signaling in stress-protective gasotransmitter effects is discussed. Emphasis is placed on the significance of the functional interaction between jasmonic acid and signaling mediators in the regulation of the antioxidant system, stomatal apparatus, and other processes important for plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy E Kolupaev
- Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 61060 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Educational and Scientific Institute of Agrotechnologies, Breeding and Ecology, Department of Plant Protection, Poltava State Agrarian University, 36003 Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana O Yastreb
- Yuriev Plant Production Institute, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, 61060 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Alexander P Dmitriev
- Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
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5
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Kumar S, Jeevaraj T, Yunus MH, Chakraborty S, Chakraborty N. The plant cytoskeleton takes center stage in abiotic stress responses and resilience. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:5-22. [PMID: 36151598 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Stress resilience behaviours in plants are defensive mechanisms that develop under adverse environmental conditions to promote growth, development and yield. Over the past decades, improving stress resilience, especially in crop species, has been a focus of intense research for global food security and economic growth. Plants have evolved specific mechanisms to sense external stress and transmit information to the cell interior and generate appropriate responses. Plant cytoskeleton, comprising microtubules and actin filaments, takes a center stage in stress-induced signalling pathways, either as a direct target or as a signal transducer. In the past few years, it has become apparent that the function of the plant cytoskeleton and other associated proteins are not merely limited to elementary processes of cell growth and proliferation, but they also function in stress response and resilience. This review summarizes recent advances in the role of plant cytoskeleton and associated proteins in abiotic stress management. We provide a thorough overview of the mechanisms that plant cells employ to withstand different abiotic stimuli such as hypersalinity, dehydration, high temperature and cold, among others. We also discuss the crucial role of the plant cytoskeleton in organellar positioning under the influence of high light intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Stress Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Theboral Jeevaraj
- Stress Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd H Yunus
- Stress Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Subhra Chakraborty
- Stress Biology, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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6
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Liu Z, Østerlund I, Ruhnow F, Cao Y, Huang G, Cai W, Zhang J, Liang W, Nikoloski Z, Persson S, Zhang D. Fluorescent cytoskeletal markers reveal associations between the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton in rice cells. Development 2022; 149:275467. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.200415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of our main food crops, feeding ∼3.5 billion people worldwide. An increasing number of studies note the importance of the cytoskeleton, including actin filaments and microtubules, in rice development and environmental responses. Yet, reliable in vivo cytoskeleton markers are lacking in rice, which limits our knowledge of cytoskeletal functions in living cells. Therefore, we generated bright fluorescent marker lines of the actin and microtubule cytoskeletons in rice, suitable for live-cell imaging in a wide variety of rice tissues. Using these lines, we show that actin bundles and microtubules engage and co-function during pollen grain development, how the cytoskeletal components are coordinated during root cell development, and that the actin cytoskeleton is robust and facilitates microtubule responses during salt stress. Hence, we conclude that our cytoskeletal marker lines, highlighted by our findings of cytoskeletal associations and dynamics, will substantially further future investigations in rice biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyu Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Isabella Østerlund
- University of Copenhagen 2 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (PLEN) , , 1870 Frederiksberg , Denmark
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 3 Systems Biology and Mathematical Modelling , , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
| | - Felix Ruhnow
- University of Copenhagen 2 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (PLEN) , , 1870 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Yiran Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Guoqiang Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Wenguo Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Wanqi Liang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology 3 Systems Biology and Mathematical Modelling , , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm , Germany
| | - Staffan Persson
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
- University of Copenhagen 2 Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (PLEN) , , 1870 Frederiksberg , Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC) 4 , , 1870 Frederiksberg , Denmark
- University of Copenhagen 4 , , 1870 Frederiksberg , Denmark
| | - Dabing Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1 , Minhang 200240, Shanghai , China
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine 5 , , Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 , Australia
- University of Adelaide 5 , , Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064 , Australia
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7
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Li Y, Liu Y, Jin L, Peng R. Crosstalk between Ca 2+ and Other Regulators Assists Plants in Responding to Abiotic Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11101351. [PMID: 35631776 PMCID: PMC9148064 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved many strategies for adaptation to extreme environments. Ca2+, acting as an important secondary messenger in plant cells, is a signaling molecule involved in plants' response and adaptation to external stress. In plant cells, almost all kinds of abiotic stresses are able to raise cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and the spatiotemporal distribution of this molecule in distant cells suggests that Ca2+ may be a universal signal regulating different kinds of abiotic stress. Ca2+ is used to sense and transduce various stress signals through its downstream calcium-binding proteins, thereby inducing a series of biochemical reactions to adapt to or resist various stresses. This review summarizes the roles and molecular mechanisms of cytosolic Ca2+ in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, high salinity, ultraviolet light, heavy metals, waterlogging, extreme temperature and wounding. Furthermore, we focused on the crosstalk between Ca2+ and other signaling molecules in plants suffering from extreme environmental stress.
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8
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Wang L, Qiu T, Yue J, Guo N, He Y, Han X, Wang Q, Jia P, Wang H, Li M, Wang C, Wang X. Arabidopsis ADF1 is Regulated by MYB73 and is Involved in Response to Salt Stress Affecting Actin Filament Organization. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1387-1395. [PMID: 34086948 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Actin cytoskeleton and transcription factors play key roles in plant response to salt stress; however, little is known about the link between the two regulators in response to salt stress. Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are conserved actin-binding proteins in eukaryotes. Here, we revealed that the expression level of ADF1 was induced by salt stress. The adf1 mutants showed significantly reduced survival rate, increased percentage of actin cable and reduced density of actin filaments, while ADF1 overexpression seedlings displayed the opposite results when compared with WT under the same condition. Furthermore, biochemical assays revealed that MYB73, a R2R3 MYB transcription factor, binds to the promoter of ADF1 and represses its expression via the MYB-binding site core motif ACCTAC. Taken together, our results indicate that ADF1 participates in salt stress by regulating actin organization and may also serve as a potential downstream target of MYB73, which is a negative regulator of salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Tianqi Qiu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Jianru Yue
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Nannan Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yunjian He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xueping Han
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Qiuyang Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Pengfei Jia
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Hongdan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Muzi Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Che Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Xianling Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang Liaoning 110866, China
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9
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Chin S, Kwon T, Khan BR, Sparks JA, Mallery EL, Szymanski DB, Blancaflor EB. Spatial and temporal localization of SPIRRIG and WAVE/SCAR reveal roles for these proteins in actin-mediated root hair development. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:2131-2148. [PMID: 33881536 PMCID: PMC8364238 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Root hairs are single-cell protrusions that enable roots to optimize nutrient and water acquisition. These structures attain their tubular shapes by confining growth to the cell apex, a process called tip growth. The actin cytoskeleton and endomembrane systems are essential for tip growth; however, little is known about how these cellular components coordinate their activities during this process. Here, we show that SPIRRIG (SPI), a beige and Chediak Higashi domain-containing protein involved in membrane trafficking, and BRK1 and SCAR2, subunits of the WAVE/SCAR (W/SC) actin nucleating promoting complex, display polarized localizations in Arabidopsis thaliana root hairs during distinct developmental stages. SPI accumulates at the root hair apex via post-Golgi compartments and positively regulates tip growth by maintaining tip-focused vesicle secretion and filamentous-actin integrity. BRK1 and SCAR2 on the other hand, mark the root hair initiation domain to specify the position of root hair emergence. Consistent with the localization data, tip growth was reduced in spi and the position of root hair emergence was disrupted in brk1 and scar1234. BRK1 depletion coincided with SPI accumulation as root hairs transitioned from initiation to tip growth. Taken together, our work uncovers a role for SPI in facilitating actin-dependent root hair development in Arabidopsis through pathways that might intersect with W/SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Chin
- Noble Research Institute LLC, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Taegun Kwon
- Noble Research Institute LLC, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Bibi Rafeiza Khan
- Noble Research Institute LLC, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - J. Alan Sparks
- Noble Research Institute LLC, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Eileen L. Mallery
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Daniel B. Szymanski
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Elison B. Blancaflor
- Noble Research Institute LLC, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
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Screening for Arabidopsis mutants with altered Ca 2+ signal response using aequorin-based Ca 2+ reporter system. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100558. [PMID: 34041505 PMCID: PMC8144734 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental stimuli evoke transient increases of the cytosolic Ca2+ level. To identify upstream components of Ca2+ signaling, we have optimized two forward genetic screening systems based on Ca2+ reporter aequorin. AEQsig6 and AEQub plants were used for generating ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized libraries. The AEQsig6 EMS-mutagenized library was preferably used to screen the mutants with reduced Ca2+ signal response due to its high effectiveness, while the AEQub EMS-mutagenized library was used for screening of the mutants with altered Ca2+ signal response. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Chen et al. (2020) and Zhu et al. (2013). Highly efficient systems for screening of Ca2+ signal mutants in Arabidopsis Step-by-step instructions to analyze Ca2+ signal response using Ca2+ reporter aequorin AEQsig6 system for identifying mutants impaired in shoot-based Ca2+ signaling FAS system for isolating tissue- or stimuli-specific Ca2+ responsive mutants
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11
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Microtubule Dynamics Plays a Vital Role in Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115957. [PMID: 34073070 PMCID: PMC8199277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies suggest that the plant cytoskeleton is associated with plant stress responses, such as salt, cold, and drought, the molecular mechanism underlying microtubule function in plant salt stress response remains unclear. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis between control suspension-cultured cells (A0) and salt-adapted cells (A120) established from Arabidopsis root callus to investigate plant adaptation mechanisms to long-term salt stress. We identified 50 differentially expressed proteins (45 up- and 5 down-regulated proteins) in A120 cells compared with A0 cells. Gene ontology enrichment and protein network analyses indicated that differentially expressed proteins in A120 cells were strongly associated with cell structure-associated clusters, including cytoskeleton and cell wall biogenesis. Gene expression analysis revealed that expressions of cytoskeleton-related genes, such as FBA8, TUB3, TUB4, TUB7, TUB9, and ACT7, and a cell wall biogenesis-related gene, CCoAOMT1, were induced in salt-adapted A120 cells. Moreover, the loss-of-function mutant of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene, tub9, showed a hypersensitive phenotype to salt stress. Consistent overexpression of Arabidopsis TUB9 gene in rice transgenic plants enhanced tolerance to salt stress. Our results suggest that microtubules play crucial roles in plant adaptation and tolerance to salt stress. The modulation of microtubule-related gene expression can be an effective strategy for developing salt-tolerant crops.
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12
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Frosi G, Ferreira-Neto JRC, Bezerra-Neto JP, Lima LLD, Morais DADL, Pandolfi V, Kido EA, Maia LC, Santos MG, Benko-Iseppon AM. Reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR normalization of Cenostigma pyramidale roots under salt stress and mycorrhizal association. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20200424. [PMID: 34061138 PMCID: PMC8167929 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cenostigma pyramidale is a native legume of the Brazilian semiarid region which performs symbiotic association with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), being an excellent model for studying genes associated with tolerance against abiotic and biotic stresses. In RT-qPCR approach, the use of reference genes is mandatory to avoid incorrect interpretation of the relative expression. This study evaluated the stability of ten candidate reference genes (CRGs) from C. pyramidale root tissues under salt stress (three collection times) and associated with AMF (three different times of salinity). The de novo transcriptome was obtained via RNA-Seq sequencing. Three algorithms were used to calculate the stability of CRGs under different conditions: (i) global (Salt, Salt+AMF, AMF and Control, and collection times), (ii) only non-inoculated plants, and (iii) AMF (only inoculated plants). HAG2, SAC1, aRP3 were the most stable CRGs for global and AMF assays, whereas HAG2, SAC1, RHS1 were the best for salt stress assay. This CRGs were used to validate the relative expression of two up-regulated transcripts in Salt2h (RAP2-3 and PIN8). Our study provides the first set of reference genes for C. pyramidale under salinity and AMF, supporting future researches on gene expression with this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Frosi
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botânica, Recife, PE, Brazil.,Université de Sherbrooke, Départament de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Laís Luana de Lima
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botânica, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | - Valesca Pandolfi
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Genética, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ederson Akio Kido
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Genética, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Leonor Costa Maia
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Mauro Guida Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botânica, Recife, PE, Brazil
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13
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Zhao S, Zhang Q, Liu M, Zhou H, Ma C, Wang P. Regulation of Plant Responses to Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094609. [PMID: 33924753 PMCID: PMC8125386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a major environmental stress that affects plant growth and development. Plants are sessile and thus have to develop suitable mechanisms to adapt to high-salt environments. Salt stress increases the intracellular osmotic pressure and can cause the accumulation of sodium to toxic levels. Thus, in response to salt stress signals, plants adapt via various mechanisms, including regulating ion homeostasis, activating the osmotic stress pathway, mediating plant hormone signaling, and regulating cytoskeleton dynamics and the cell wall composition. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying these physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress could provide valuable strategies to improve agricultural crop yields. In this review, we summarize recent developments in our understanding of the regulation of plant salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Q.Z.); (M.L.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (P.W.); Tel.: +86-531-8618-0792 (S.Z.); Fax: +86-531-8618-0792 (P.W.)
| | - Qikun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Q.Z.); (M.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Q.Z.); (M.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;
| | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Q.Z.); (M.L.); (C.M.)
| | - Pingping Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; (Q.Z.); (M.L.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (P.W.); Tel.: +86-531-8618-0792 (S.Z.); Fax: +86-531-8618-0792 (P.W.)
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14
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Ge D, Pan T, Zhang P, Wang L, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Dong H, Sun J, Liu K, Lv F. GhVLN4 is involved in multiple stress responses and required for resistance to Verticillium wilt. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110629. [PMID: 33287998 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
As structural and signaling platform in plant cell, the actin cytoskeleton is regulated by diverse actin binding proteins (ABPs). Villins are one type of major ABPs responsible for microfilament bundling, which have proved to play important roles in plant growth and development. However, the function of villins in stress tolerance is poorly understood. Here, we report the function of cotton GhVLN4 in Verticillium wilt resistance and abiotic stress tolerance. The expression of GhVLN4 was up-regulated by gibberellin, ethylene, ABA, salicylic acid, jasmonate, NaCl, PEG, and Verticillium dahliae treatment, suggesting the involvement of GhVLN4 in multiple stress and hormone responses and signaling. Virus-induced gene silencing GhVLN4 made cotton more susceptible to V. dahliae characterized by the preferential colonization and rapid growth of the fungus in both phloem and xylem of the infected stems. Arabidopsis overexpressing GhVLN4 exhibited higher resistance to V. dahliae, salt and drought than the wild-type plants. The enhanced resistance to V. dahliae is likely related to the upregulated components in SA signaling pathway; the improved tolerance to salt and drought is characterized by upregulation of the components both in ABA- related and ABA-independent signal pathways, along with altered stomatal aperture under drought. Our findings demonstrate that GhVLN4 may play important roles in regulating plant tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ting Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Longjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhongqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, China.
| | - Fenni Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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15
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Yang J, Liu M. Role of a complex of two proteins in alleviating sodium ion stress in an economic crop. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242221. [PMID: 33216769 PMCID: PMC7679020 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An economically valuable woody plant species tree bean (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is predominantly cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas and is regarded as an important food legume (or pulse) crop that is facing serious sodium ion stress. NAM (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) has been implicated in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants. However, the role of NAM in sodium ion stress tolerance has not been determined. In this study, the effect of NAM was investigated in the economically valuable woody plant species, challenged with stress at 40 mM sodium ion for 3 days. NAM-treated plants (200 μM) had significantly higher fresh weight, average root length, significantly reduced cell size, increased cell number, and increased cytoskeleton filaments in single cells. The expression pattern of one of 10 Tree bean Dynamic Balance Movement Related Protein (TbDMP), TbDMP was consistent with the sodium ion-stress alleviation by NAM. Using TbDMP as bait, Dynamic Balance Movement Related Kinase Protein (TbDBK) was determined to interact with TbDMP by screening the tree bean root cDNA library in yeast. Biochemical experiments showed that NAM enhanced the interaction between the two proteins which promoted resist sodium ion stress resistance. This study provides evidence of a pathway through which the skeleton participates in NAM signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyu Liu
- Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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16
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Wang P, Gao E, Hussey PJ. Autophagosome Biogenesis in Plants: An Actin Cytoskeleton Perspective. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:850-858. [PMID: 32345568 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
At the subcellular level, the cytoskeleton regulates cell structure, organelle movement, and cytoplasmic streaming. Autophagy is a process to remove unwanted biomaterials or damaged organelles through double membrane compartments known as autophagosomes. Autophagosome biogenesis requires vesicle trafficking between donor and acceptor compartments, membrane expansion, and fusion, which is very likely to be regulated by the cytoskeleton. Recent studies have demonstrated that by knocking out key actin-regulating proteins, autophagosome biogenesis is inhibited. However, the formation of ATG8 positive structures are not affected when the entire actin network is disrupted. Here, we discuss this paradox and propose the function of the actin cytoskeleton in plant autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, PR China.
| | - Erlin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (MOE), College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Patrick J Hussey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK; Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Faculty of Science, Viničná 5, CZ 128 43 Praha 2, Czechia.
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17
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Structural and functional properties of plant mitochondrial F-ATP synthase. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:178-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Assefa T, Zhang J, Chowda-Reddy RV, Moran Lauter AN, Singh A, O’Rourke JA, Graham MA, Singh AK. Deconstructing the genetic architecture of iron deficiency chlorosis in soybean using genome-wide approaches. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:42. [PMID: 31992198 PMCID: PMC6988307 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development. Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), caused by calcareous soils or high soil pH, can limit iron availability, negatively affecting soybean (Glycine max) yield. This study leverages genome-wide association study (GWAS) and a genome-wide epistatic study (GWES) with previous gene expression studies to identify regions of the soybean genome important in iron deficiency tolerance. RESULTS A GWAS and a GWES were performed using 460 diverse soybean PI lines from 27 countries, in field and hydroponic iron stress conditions, using more than 36,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Combining this approach with available RNA-sequencing data identified significant markers, genomic regions, and novel genes associated with or responding to iron deficiency. Sixty-nine genomic regions associated with IDC tolerance were identified across 19 chromosomes via the GWAS, including the major-effect quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome Gm03. Cluster analysis of significant SNPs in this region deconstructed this historically prominent QTL into four distinct linkage blocks, enabling the identification of multiple candidate genes for iron chlorosis tolerance. The complementary GWES identified SNPs in this region interacting with nine other genomic regions, providing the first evidence of epistatic interactions impacting iron deficiency tolerance. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that integrating cutting edge genome wide association (GWA), genome wide epistasis (GWE), and gene expression studies is a powerful strategy to identify novel iron tolerance QTL and candidate loci from diverse germplasm. Crops, unlike model species, have undergone selection for thousands of years, constraining and/or enhancing stress responses. Leveraging genomics-enabled approaches to study these adaptations is essential for future crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teshale Assefa
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Jiaoping Zhang
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | | | - Adrienne N. Moran Lauter
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Arti Singh
- Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Jamie A. O’Rourke
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Michelle A. Graham
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit and Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
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19
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Zheng Y, Zhan Q, Shi T, Liu J, Zhao K, Gao Y. The nuclear transporter SAD2 plays a role in calcium- and H 2 O 2 -mediated cell death in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 101:324-333. [PMID: 31565820 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In response to pathogens, plant cells exhibit a rapid increase in the intracellular calcium concentration and a burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The cytosolic increase in Ca2+ and the accumulation of ROS are critical for inducing programmed cell death (PCD), but the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. We screened an Arabidopsis mutant, sad2-5, which harbours a T-DNA insertion in the 18th exon of the importin beta-like gene, SAD2. The H2 O2 -induced increase in the [Ca2+ ]cyt of the sad2-5 mutant was greater than that of the wild type, and the sad2-5 mutant showed clear cell death phenotypes and abnormal H2 O2 accumulation under fumonisin-B1 (FB1) treatment. CaCl2 could enhance the FB1-induced cell death of the sad2-5 mutant, whereas lanthanum chloride (LaCl3 ), a broad-spectrum calcium channel blocker, could restore the FB1-induced PCD phenotype of sad2-5. The sad2-5 fbr11-1 double mutant exhibited the same FB1-insensitive phenotype as fbr11-1, which plays a critical role in novo sphingolipid synthesis, indicating that SAD2 works downstream of FBR11. These results suggest the important role of nuclear transporters in calcium- and ROS-mediated PCD response as well as provide an important theoretical basis for further analysis of the molecular mechanism of SAD2 function in PCD and for improvement of the resistance of crops to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Qidi Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Tiantian Shi
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Liu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Kaijun Zhao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ying Gao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement (NFCRI), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
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20
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Wang X, Mao T. Understanding the functions and mechanisms of plant cytoskeleton in response to environmental signals. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 52:86-96. [PMID: 31542697 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants perceive multiple physiological and environmental signals in order to fine-tune their growth and development. The highly dynamic plant cytoskeleton, including actin and microtubule networks, can rapidly alter their organization, stability and dynamics in response to internal and external stimuli, which is considered vital for plant growth and adaptation to the environment. The cytoskeleton-associated proteins have been shown to be key regulatory molecules in mediating cytoskeleton reorganization in response to multiple environmental signals, such as light, salt, drought and biotic stimuli. Recent findings, including our studies, have expanded knowledge about the functions and underlying mechanisms of the plant cytoskeleton in environmental adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tonglin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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21
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Wu Q, Lan Y, Cao X, Yao H, Qiao D, Xu H, Cao Y. Characterization and diverse evolution patterns of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase family genes in Dunaliella salina. Gene 2019; 710:161-169. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Qian D, Xiang Y. Actin Cytoskeleton as Actor in Upstream and Downstream of Calcium Signaling in Plant Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061403. [PMID: 30897737 PMCID: PMC6471457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In plant cells, calcium (Ca2+) serves as a versatile intracellular messenger, participating in several fundamental and important biological processes. Recent studies have shown that the actin cytoskeleton is not only an upstream regulator of Ca2+ signaling, but also a downstream regulator. Ca2+ has been shown to regulates actin dynamics and rearrangements via different mechanisms in plants, and on this basis, the upstream signaling encoded within the Ca2+ transient can be decoded. Moreover, actin dynamics have also been proposed to act as an upstream of Ca2+, adjust Ca2+ oscillations, and establish cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) gradients in plant cells. In the current review, we focus on the advances in uncovering the relationship between the actin cytoskeleton and calcium in plant cells and summarize our current understanding of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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23
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Xu Y, Yu Z, Zhang S, Wu C, Yang G, Yan K, Zheng C, Huang J. CYSTM3 negatively regulates salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:395-406. [PMID: 30701352 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CYSTM3, a small mitochondrial protein, acts as a negative regulator in salt stress response by preventing Na+ efflux and disturbing reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Cysteine-rich transmembrane module (CYSTM) is a not well characterized small peptide family in plants. In this study, we identified a novel mitochondrion-localized CYSTM member CYSTM3 from Arabidopsis, which was ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and dramatically induced by salt stress. Transgenic plants overexpressing CYSTM3 (OE) displayed hypersensitivity to salt stress compared with wild type (WT) plants, whereas a knockout mutant cystm3 was more tolerant to high salinity than WT. Moreover, OE lines accumulated higher contents of Na+ and ROS than WT and cystm3 upon exposure to high salinity. Further analysis revealed that CYSTM3 could deter root Na+ efflux and inhibit the activities of a range of ROS scavenging enzymes in Arabidopsis. In addition, the transcripts of nuclear salt stress-responsive genes were over-activated in cystm3 than those in WT and OE lines. Taken together, Arabidopsis CYSTM3 acts as a negative regulator in salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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24
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De Col V, Petrussa E, Casolo V, Braidot E, Lippe G, Filippi A, Peresson C, Patui S, Bertolini A, Giorgio V, Checchetto V, Vianello A, Bernardi P, Zancani M. Properties of the Permeability Transition of Pea Stem Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1626. [PMID: 30524297 PMCID: PMC6262314 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In striking analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, etiolated pea stem mitochondria did not show appreciable Ca2+ uptake. Only treatment with the ionophore ETH129 (which allows electrophoretic Ca2+ equilibration) caused Ca2+ uptake followed by increased inner membrane permeability, membrane depolarization and Ca2+ release. Like the permeability transition (PT) of mammals, yeast and Drosophila, the PT of pea stem mitochondria was stimulated by diamide and phenylarsine oxide and inhibited by Mg-ADP and Mg-ATP, suggesting a common underlying mechanism; yet, the plant PT also displayed distinctive features: (i) as in mammals it was desensitized by cyclosporin A, which does not affect the PT of yeast and Drosophila; (ii) similarly to S. cerevisiae and Drosophila it was inhibited by Pi, which stimulates the PT of mammals; (iii) like in mammals and Drosophila it was sensitized by benzodiazepine 423, which is ineffective in S. cerevisiae; (iv) like what observed in Drosophila it did not mediate swelling and cytochrome c release, which is instead seen in mammals and S. cerevisiae. We find that cyclophilin D, the mitochondrial receptor for cyclosporin A, is present in pea stem mitochondria. These results indicate that the plant PT has unique features and suggest that, as in Drosophila, it may provide pea stem mitochondria with a Ca2+ release channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina De Col
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Petrussa
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentino Casolo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Enrico Braidot
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Peresson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sonia Patui
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alberto Bertolini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Vianello
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Zancani
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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25
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Guan P, Wang J, Li H, Xie C, Zhang S, Wu C, Yang G, Yan K, Huang J, Zheng C. SENSITIVE TO SALT1, An Endoplasmic Reticulum-Localized Chaperone, Positively Regulates Salt Resistance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 178:1390-1405. [PMID: 30287478 PMCID: PMC6236605 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress seriously affects plant growth and development. Through genetic screening, we identified and characterized an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) sensitive to salt1 (ses1) mutant. SES1 was ubiquitously expressed and induced by salt treatment. The salt-sensitive phenotype of ses1 was due neither to the overaccumulation of Na+ nor to the suppression of salt tolerance-associated genes. SES1 encoded an uncharacterized endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized protein. Coinciding with its subcellular distribution, ses1 exhibited overactivation of unfolded protein response genes and was largely influenced by severe ER stress. Biochemical evidence revealed that SES1 functions as an important molecular chaperone to alleviate salt-induced ER stress. Furthermore, the ER stress sensor basic leucine zipper factor17 transactivated SES1 by binding directly to its promoter region. These results provide insights into salt stress responses and ER homeostasis and shed light on the mechanism by which SES1 modulates salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Chen Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Kang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
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26
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Costa A, Navazio L, Szabo I. The contribution of organelles to plant intracellular Calcium signalling. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:4996169. [PMID: 29767757 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is among the most important intracellular messengers in living organisms. Understanding of the players and dynamics of Ca2+ signalling pathways in plants may help to unravel the molecular basis of their exceptional flexibility to respond and to adapt to different stimuli. In the present review we focus on new tools that have recently revolutionized our view of organellar Ca2+ signalling as well as on the current knowledge regarding the pathways mediating Ca2+ fluxes across intracellular membranes. The contribution of organelles and cellular subcompartments to the orchestrated response via Ca2+ signalling within a cell is also discussed, underlining the fact that one of the greatest challenges in the field is the elucidation of how influx and efflux Ca2+ transporters/channels are regulated in a concerted manner to translate specific information into a Ca2+ signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Celoria, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorella Navazio
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi, Padova, Italy
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Via Orto Botanico, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi, Padova, Italy
- Botanical Garden, University of Padova, Via Orto Botanico, Padova, Italy
- Institute of Neurosciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via U. Bassi, Padova, Italy
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Yang Y, Guo Y. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms mediating plant salt-stress responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:523-539. [PMID: 29205383 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 523 I. Introduction 523 II. Sensing salt stress 524 III. Ion homeostasis regulation 524 IV. Metabolite and cell activity responses to salt stress 527 V. Conclusions and perspectives 532 Acknowledgements 533 References 533 SUMMARY: Excess soluble salts in soil (saline soils) are harmful to most plants. Salt imposes osmotic, ionic, and secondary stresses on plants. Over the past two decades, many determinants of salt tolerance and their regulatory mechanisms have been identified and characterized using molecular genetics and genomics approaches. This review describes recent progress in deciphering the mechanisms controlling ion homeostasis, cell activity responses, and epigenetic regulation in plants under salt stress. Finally, we highlight research areas that require further research to reveal new determinants of salt tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Paez-Garcia A, Sparks JA, de Bang L, Blancaflor EB. Plant Actin Cytoskeleton: New Functions from Old Scaffold. PLANT CELL MONOGRAPHS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-69944-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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De Diego N, Fürst T, Humplík JF, Ugena L, Podlešáková K, Spíchal L. An Automated Method for High-Throughput Screening of Arabidopsis Rosette Growth in Multi-Well Plates and Its Validation in Stress Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1702. [PMID: 29046681 PMCID: PMC5632805 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput plant phenotyping platforms provide new possibilities for automated, fast scoring of several plant growth and development traits, followed over time using non-invasive sensors. Using Arabidopsis as a model offers important advantages for high-throughput screening with the opportunity to extrapolate the results obtained to other crops of commercial interest. In this study we describe the development of a highly reproducible high-throughput Arabidopsis in vitro bioassay established using our OloPhen platform, suitable for analysis of rosette growth in multi-well plates. This method was successfully validated on example of multivariate analysis of Arabidopsis rosette growth in different salt concentrations and the interaction with varying nutritional composition of the growth medium. Several traits such as changes in the rosette area, relative growth rate, survival rate and homogeneity of the population are scored using fully automated RGB imaging and subsequent image analysis. The assay can be used for fast screening of the biological activity of chemical libraries, phenotypes of transgenic or recombinant inbred lines, or to search for potential quantitative trait loci. It is especially valuable for selecting genotypes or growth conditions that improve plant stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria De Diego
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Fürst
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan F. Humplík
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lydia Ugena
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Podlešáková
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
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Liao C, Zheng Y, Guo Y. MYB30 transcription factor regulates oxidative and heat stress responses through ANNEXIN-mediated cytosolic calcium signaling in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 216:163-177. [PMID: 28726305 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic calcium signaling is critical for regulating downstream responses in plants encountering unfavorable environmental conditions. In a genetic screen for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants defective in stress-induced cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) elevations, we identified the R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB30 as a regulator of [Ca2+ ]cyt in response to H2 O2 and heat stresses. Plants lacking MYB30 protein exhibited greater elevation of [Ca2+ ]cyt in response to oxidative and heat stimuli. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results indicated that the expression of a number of ANNEXIN (ANN) genes, which encode Ca2+ -regulated membrane-binding proteins modulating cytosolic calcium signatures, were upregulated in myb30 mutants. Further analysis showed that MYB30 bound to the promoters of ANN1 and ANN4 and repressed their expression. myb30 mutants were sensitive to methyl viologen (MV) and heat stresses. The H2 O2 - and heat-induced abnormal [Ca2+ ]cyt in myb30 was dependent on the function of ANN proteins. Moreover, the MV and heat sensitivity of myb30 was suppressed in mutants lacking ANN function or by application of LaCl3 , a calcium channel blocker. These results indicate that MYB30 regulates oxidative and heat stress responses through calcium signaling, which is at least partially mediated by ANN1 and ANN4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chancan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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31
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Xia K, Wang B, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang H, Ren D. Arabidopsis phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C 4 negatively regulates seedling salt tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1317-1331. [PMID: 28102910 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous physiological and pharmacological studies have suggested that the activity of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) plays an important role in regulating plant salt stress responses by altering the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. However, the individual members of plant PLCs involved in this process need to be identified. Here, the function of AtPLC4 in the salt stress response of Arabidopsis seedlings was analysed. plc4 mutant seedlings showed hyposensitivity to salt stress compared with Col-0 wild-type seedlings, and the salt hyposensitive phenotype could be complemented by the expression of native promoter-controlled AtPLC4. Transgenic seedlings with AtPLC4 overexpression (AtPLC4 OE) exhibited a salt-hypersensitive phenotype, while transgenic seedlings with its inactive mutant expression (AtPLC4m OE) did not exhibit this phenotype. Using aequorin as a Ca2+ indicator in plc4 mutant and AtPLC4 OE seedlings, AtPLC4 was shown to positively regulate the salt-induced Ca2+ increase. The salt-hypersensitive phenotype of AtPLC4 OE seedlings was partially rescued by EGTA. An analysis of salt-responsive genes revealed that the transcription of RD29B, MYB15 and ZAT10 was inversely regulated in plc4 mutant and AtPLC4 OE seedlings. Our findings suggest that AtPLC4 negatively regulates the salt tolerance of Arabidopsis seedlings, and Ca2+ may be involved in regulating this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keke Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiewei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hailian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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32
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New advances in autophagy in plants: Regulation, selectivity and function. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 80:113-122. [PMID: 28734771 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a major and conserved pathway for delivering unwanted proteins or damaged organelles to the vacuole for degradation and recycling. In plants, it functions as a housekeeping process to maintain cellular homeostasis under normal conditions and is induced by stress and senescence; it thus plays important roles in development, stress tolerance and metabolism. Autophagy can both execute bulk degradation and be highly selective in targeting cargos under specific environmental conditions or during certain developmental processes. Here, we review recent research on autophagy in plants, and discuss new insights into its core mechanism, regulation, selectivity and physiological roles. Potential future directions are also highlighted.
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Li C, Lu H, Li W, Yuan M, Fu Y. A ROP2-RIC1 pathway fine-tunes microtubule reorganization for salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:1127-1142. [PMID: 28070891 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The reorganization of microtubules induced by salt stress is required for Arabidopsis survival under high salinity conditions. RIC1 is an effector of Rho-related GTPase from plants (ROPs) and a known microtubule-associated protein. In this study, we demonstrated that RIC1 expression decreased with long-term NaCl treatment, and ric1-1 seedlings exhibited a higher survival rate under salt stress. We found that RIC1 reduced the frequency of microtubule transition from shortening to growing status and knockout of RIC1 improved the reassembly of depolymerized microtubules caused by either oryzalin treatment or salt stress. Further investigation showed that constitutively active ROP2 promoted the reassembly of microtubules and the survival of seedlings under salt stress. A rop2-1 ric1-1 double mutant rescued the salt-sensitive phenotype of rop2-1, indicating that ROP2 functions in salt tolerance through RIC1. Although ROP2 did not regulate RIC1 expression upon salt stress, a quick but mild increase of ROP2 activity was induced, led to reduction of RIC1 on microtubules. Collectively, our study reveals an ROP2-RIC1 pathway that fine-tunes microtubule dynamics in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. This finding not only reveals a new regulatory mechanism for microtubule reorganization under salt stress but also the importance of ROP signalling for salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hanmei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Wang J, Wang Y, Shen L, Qian Y, Yang J, Wang F. Sulfated lentinan induced mitochondrial dysfunction leads to programmed cell death of tobacco BY-2 cells. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 137:27-35. [PMID: 28364801 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulphated lentinan (sLTN) is known to act as a resistance inducer by causing programmed cell death (PCD) in tobacco suspension cells. However, the underlying mechanism of this effect is largely unknown. Using tobacco BY-2 cell model, morphological and biochemical studies revealed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial dysfunction contribute to sLNT induced PCD. Cell viability, and HO/PI fluorescence imaging and TUNEL assays confirmed a typical cell death process caused by sLNT. Acetylsalicylic acid (an ROS scavenger), diphenylene iodonium (an inhibitor of NADPH oxidases) and protonophore carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone (a protonophore and an uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation) inhibited sLNT-induced H2O2 generation and cell death, suggesting that ROS generation linked, at least partly, to a mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase-like activation. This conclusion was further confirmed by double-stained cells with the mitochondria-specific marker MitoTracker RedCMXRos and the ROS probe H2DCFDA. Moreover, the sLNT-induced PCD of BY-2 cells required cellular metabolism as up-regulation of the AOX family gene transcripts and induction of the SA biosynthesis, the TCA cycle, and miETC related genes were observed. It is concluded that mitochondria play an essential role in the signaling pathway of sLNT-induced ROS generation, which possibly provided new insight into the sLNT-mediated antiviral response, including PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjing Si Rd., Laoshan District, Qingdao, China
| | - Yaofeng Wang
- Qingyang Oriental Tobacco Company Ltd., Gansu, China
| | - Lili Shen
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjing Si Rd., Laoshan District, Qingdao, China
| | - Yumei Qian
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjing Si Rd., Laoshan District, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinguang Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjing Si Rd., Laoshan District, Qingdao, China.
| | - Fenglong Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 11 Keyuanjing Si Rd., Laoshan District, Qingdao, China.
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Espinoza C, Liang Y, Stacey G. Chitin receptor CERK1 links salt stress and chitin-triggered innate immunity in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 89:984-995. [PMID: 27888535 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In nature, plants need to respond to multiple environmental stresses that require the involvement and fine-tuning of different stress signaling pathways. Cross-tolerance, in which plants pre-treated with chitin (a fungal microbe-associated molecular pattern) have improved salt tolerance, was observed in Arabidopsis, but is not well understood. Here, we show a unique link between chitin and salt signaling mediated by the chitin receptor CHITIN ELICITOR RECEPTOR KINASE 1 (CERK1). Transcriptome analysis revealed that salt stress-induced genes are highly correlated with chitin-induced genes, although this was not observed with other microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or with other abiotic stresses. The cerk1 mutant was more susceptible to NaCl than was the wild type. cerk1 plants had an irregular increase of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+ ]cyt ) after NaCl treatment. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that CERK1 physically interacts with ANNEXIN 1 (ANN1), which was reported to form a calcium-permeable channel that contributes to the NaCl-induced [Ca2+ ]cyt signal. In turn, ann1 mutants showed elevated chitin-induced rapid responses. In short, molecular components previously shown to function in chitin or salt signaling physically interact and intimately link the downstream responses to fungal attack and salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Espinoza
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Yan Liang
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Sciences and Biochemistry, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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36
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Zheng Y, Liao C, Zhao S, Wang C, Guo Y. The Glycosyltransferase QUA1 Regulates Chloroplast-Associated Calcium Signaling During Salt and Drought Stress in Arabidopsis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:329-341. [PMID: 28007965 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcw192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]cyt) elevation induced by various signals is responsible for appropriate downstream responses. Through a genetic screen of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants defective in stress-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevation, the glycosyltransferase QUASIMODO1 (QUA1) was identified as a regulator of [Ca2+]cyt in response to salt stress. Compared with the wild type, the qua1-4 mutant exhibited a dramatically greater increase in [Ca2+]cyt under NaCl treatment. Functional analysis showed that QUA1 is a novel chloroplast protein that regulates cytoplasmic Ca2+ signaling. QUA1 was detected in chloroplast thylakoids, and the qua1-4 mutant exhibited irregularly stacked grana. The observed greater increase in [Ca2+]cyt was inhibited upon recovery of chloroplast function in the qua1-4 mutant. Further analysis showed that CAS, a thylakoid-localized calcium sensor, also displayed irregularly stacked grana, and the chloroplasts of the qua1-4 cas-1 double mutant were similar to those of cas-1 plants. In QUA1-overexpressing plants, the protein level of CAS was decreased, and CAS was readily degraded under osmotic stress. When CAS was silenced in the qua1-4 mutant, the large [Ca2+]cyt increase was blocked, and the higher expression of PLC3 and PLC4 was suppressed. Under osmotic stress, the qua1-4 mutant showed an even greater elevation in [Ca2+]cyt and was hypersensitive to drought stress. However, this sensitivity was inhibited when the increase in [Ca2+]cyt was repressed in the qua1-4 mutant. Collectively, our data indicate that QUA1 may function in chloroplast-dependent calcium signaling under salt and drought stresses. Additionally, CAS may function downstream of QUA1 to mediate these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zheng
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, China
| | - Chancan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, China
| | | | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, China
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Zou JJ, Zheng ZY, Xue S, Li HH, Wang YR, Le J. The role of Arabidopsis Actin-Related Protein 3 in amyloplast sedimentation and polar auxin transport in root gravitropism. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:5325-5337. [PMID: 27473572 PMCID: PMC5049384 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Gravitropism is vital for shaping directional plant growth in response to the forces of gravity. Signals perceived in the gravity-sensing cells can be converted into biochemical signals and transmitted. Sedimentation of amyloplasts in the columella cells triggers asymmetric auxin redistribution in root tips, leading to downward root growth. The actin cytoskeleton is thought to play an important role in root gravitropism, although the molecular mechanism has not been resolved. DISTORTED1 (DIS1) encodes the ARP3 subunit of the Arabidopsis Actin-Related Protein 2/3 (ARP2/3) complex, and the ARP3/DIS1 mutant dis1-1 showed delayed root curvature after gravity stimulation. Microrheological analysis revealed that the high apparent viscosity within dis1-1 central columella cells is closely associated with abnormal movement trajectories of amyloplasts. Analysis using a sensitive auxin input reporter DII-VENUS showed that asymmetric auxin redistribution was reduced in the root tips of dis1-1, and the actin-disrupting drug Latrunculin B increased the asymmetric auxin redistribution. An uptake assay using the membrane-selective dye FM4-64 indicated that endocytosis was decelerated in dis1-1 root epidermal cells. Treatment and wash-out with Brefeldin A, which inhibits protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus, showed that cycling of the auxin-transporter PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins to the plasma membrane was also suppressed in dis1-1 roots. The results reveal that ARP3/DIS1 acts in root gravitropism by affecting amyloplast sedimentation and PIN-mediated polar auxin transport through regulation of PIN protein trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Zou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Han-Hai Li
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yu-Ren Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microgravity, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Le
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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Wilkins KA, Matthus E, Swarbreck SM, Davies JM. Calcium-Mediated Abiotic Stress Signaling in Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1296. [PMID: 27621742 PMCID: PMC5002411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots are subjected to a range of abiotic stresses as they forage for water and nutrients. Cytosolic free calcium is a common second messenger in the signaling of abiotic stress. In addition, roots take up calcium both as a nutrient and to stimulate exocytosis in growth. For calcium to fulfill its multiple roles must require strict spatio-temporal regulation of its uptake and efflux across the plasma membrane, its buffering in the cytosol and its sequestration or release from internal stores. This prompts the question of how specificity of signaling output can be achieved against the background of calcium's other uses. Threats to agriculture such as salinity, water availability and hypoxia are signaled through calcium. Nutrient deficiency is also emerging as a stress that is signaled through cytosolic free calcium, with progress in potassium, nitrate and boron deficiency signaling now being made. Heavy metals have the capacity to trigger or modulate root calcium signaling depending on their dose and their capacity to catalyze production of hydroxyl radicals. Mechanical stress and cold stress can both trigger an increase in root cytosolic free calcium, with the possibility of membrane deformation playing a part in initiating the calcium signal. This review addresses progress in identifying the calcium transporting proteins (particularly channels such as annexins and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels) that effect stress-induced calcium increases in roots and explores links to reactive oxygen species, lipid signaling, and the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
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Wang P, Richardson C, Hawes C, Hussey P. Arabidopsis NAP1 Regulates the Formation of Autophagosomes. Curr Biol 2016; 26:2060-2069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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40
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Global transcriptome changes in perennial ryegrass during early infection by pink snow mould. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28702. [PMID: 27346054 PMCID: PMC4921834 DOI: 10.1038/srep28702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of resistance to pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale) is a major constraint for adaptation of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to continental regions with long-lasting snow cover at higher latitudes. Almost all investigations of genetic variation in resistance have been performed using cold acclimated plants. However, there may be variation in resistance mechanisms that are functioning independently of cold acclimation. In this study our aim was to identify candidate genes involved in such resistance mechanisms. We first characterized variation in resistance to M. nivale among non-acclimated genotypes from the Norwegian cultivar 'Fagerlin' based on relative regrowth and fungal quantification by real-time qPCR. One resistant and one susceptible genotype were selected for transcriptome analysis using paired-end sequencing by Illumina Hiseq 2000. Transcriptome profiles, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis indicate that defense response related genes are differentially expressed between the resistant and the susceptible genotype. A significant up-regulation of defense related genes, as well as genes involved in cell wall cellulose metabolic processes and aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity, was observed in the resistant genotype. The candidate genes identified in this study might be potential molecular marker resources for breeding perennial ryegrass cultivars with improved resistance to pink snow mould.
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Zhao S, Jiang Y, Zhao Y, Huang S, Yuan M, Zhao Y, Guo Y. CASEIN KINASE1-LIKE PROTEIN2 Regulates Actin Filament Stability and Stomatal Closure via Phosphorylation of Actin Depolymerizing Factor. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:1422-39. [PMID: 27268429 PMCID: PMC4944410 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.16.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The opening and closing of stomata are crucial for plant photosynthesis and transpiration. Actin filaments undergo dynamic reorganization during stomatal closure, but the underlying mechanism for this cytoskeletal reorganization remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified and characterized Arabidopsis thaliana casein kinase 1-like protein 2 (CKL2), which responds to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and participates in ABA- and drought-induced stomatal closure. Although CKL2 does not bind to actin filaments directly and has no effect on actin assembly in vitro, it colocalizes with and stabilizes actin filaments in guard cells. Further investigation revealed that CKL2 physically interacts with and phosphorylates actin depolymerizing factor 4 (ADF4) and inhibits its activity in actin filament disassembly. During ABA-induced stomatal closure, deletion of CKL2 in Arabidopsis alters actin reorganization in stomata and renders stomatal closure less sensitive to ABA, whereas deletion of ADF4 impairs the disassembly of actin filaments and causes stomatal closure to be more sensitive to ABA Deletion of ADF4 in the ckl2 mutant partially recues its ABA-insensitive stomatal closure phenotype. Moreover, Arabidopsis ADFs from subclass I are targets of CKL2 in vitro. Thus, our results suggest that CKL2 regulates actin filament reorganization and stomatal closure mainly through phosphorylation of ADF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuxiang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanjin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100093, China Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanxiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, Life Science College, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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42
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Xu Z, Zhang D, He X, Huang Y, Shao H. Transport of Calcium Ions into Mitochondria. Curr Genomics 2016; 17:215-9. [PMID: 27252588 PMCID: PMC4869008 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160202215748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To uptake calcium ions of mitochondria is of significant functional connotation for cells, because calcium ions in mitochondria are involved in energy production, regulatory signals transfer, and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening and even programmed cell death of apoptosis, further playing more roles in plant productivity and quality. Cytoplasmic calcium ions access into outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) from voltage dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) and were absorbed into inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) by mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), rapid mitochondrial calcium uptake (RaM) or mitochondrial ryanodine receptor (mRyR). Although both mitochondria and the mechanisms of calcium transport have been extensively studied, but there are still long-standing or even new challenges. Here we review the history and recent discoveries of the mitochondria calcium ions channel complex involved calcium assimilation, and discuss the role of calcium ions into mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dayong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolan He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihong Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbo Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Yantai, China
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Carraretto L, Checchetto V, De Bortoli S, Formentin E, Costa A, Szabó I, Teardo E. Calcium Flux across Plant Mitochondrial Membranes: Possible Molecular Players. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:354. [PMID: 27065186 PMCID: PMC4814809 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants, being sessile organisms, have evolved the ability to integrate external stimuli into metabolic and developmental signals. A wide variety of signals, including abiotic, biotic, and developmental stimuli, were observed to evoke specific spatio-temporal Ca(2+) transients which are further transduced by Ca(2+) sensor proteins into a transcriptional and metabolic response. Most of the research on Ca(2+) signaling in plants has been focused on the transport mechanisms for Ca(2+) across the plasma- and the vacuolar membranes as well as on the components involved in decoding of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signals, but how intracellular organelles such as mitochondria are involved in the process of Ca(2+) signaling is just emerging. The combination of the molecular players and the elicitors of Ca(2+) signaling in mitochondria together with newly generated detection systems for measuring organellar Ca(2+) concentrations in plants has started to provide fruitful grounds for further discoveries. In the present review we give an updated overview of the currently identified/hypothesized pathways, such as voltage-dependent anion channels, homologs of the mammalian mitochondrial uniporter (MCU), LETM1, a plant glutamate receptor family member, adenine nucleotide/phosphate carriers and the permeability transition pore (PTP), that may contribute to the transport of Ca(2+) across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes in plants. We briefly discuss the relevance of the mitochondrial Ca(2+) homeostasis for ensuring optimal bioenergetic performance of this organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa Checchetto
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
| | | | - Elide Formentin
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of FerraraFerrara, Italy
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of MilanMilan, Italy
- CNR, Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheMilan, Italy
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
- CNR, Institute of NeurosciencesPadova, Italy
| | - Enrico Teardo
- Department of Biology, University of PadovaPadova, Italy
- CNR, Institute of NeurosciencesPadova, Italy
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Havelková L, Nanda G, Martinek J, Bellinvia E, Sikorová L, Šlajcherová K, Seifertová D, Fischer L, Fišerová J, Petrášek J, Schwarzerová K. Arp2/3 complex subunit ARPC2 binds to microtubules. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 241:96-108. [PMID: 26706062 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arp2/3 complex plays a fundamental role in the nucleation of actin filaments (AFs) in yeasts, plants, and animals. In plants, the aberrant shaping and elongation of several types of epidermal cells observed in Arp2/3 complex knockout plant mutants suggest the importance of Arp2/3-mediated actin nucleation for various morphogenetic processes. Here we show that ARPC2, a core Arp2/3 complex subunit, interacts with both actin filaments (AFs) and microtubules (MTs). Plant GFP-ARPC2 expressed in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 cells, leaf epidermal cells of Nicotiana benthamiana and root epidermal cells of Arabidopsis thaliana decorated MTs. The interaction with MTs was demonstrated by pharmacological approach selectively interfering with either AFs or MTs dynamics as well as by the in vitro co-sedimentation assays. A putative MT-binding domain of tobacco NtARPC2 protein was identified using the co-sedimentation of several truncated NtARPC2 proteins with MTs. Newly identified MT-binding ability of ARPC2 subunit of Arp2/3 complex may represent a new molecular mechanism of AFs and MTs interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Havelková
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Gitanjali Nanda
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Martinek
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Erica Bellinvia
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Sikorová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Šlajcherová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniela Seifertová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Fischer
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřiška Fišerová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Petrášek
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Schwarzerová
- Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Science, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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45
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Biotechnological aspects of cytoskeletal regulation in plants. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1043-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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46
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14-3-3 λ protein interacts with ADF1 to regulate actin cytoskeleton dynamics in Arabidopsis. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2015; 58:1142-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-015-4897-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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47
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Liao Y, Tian M, Zhang H, Li X, Wang Y, Xia X, Zhou J, Zhou Y, Yu J, Shi K, Klessig DF. Salicylic acid binding of mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase E2 affects mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport chain components and plays a role in basal defense against tobacco mosaic virus in tomato. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2015; 205:1296-1307. [PMID: 25365924 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) plays a critical role in plant defense against pathogen invasion. SA-induced viral defense in plants is distinct from the pathways mediating bacterial and fungal defense and involves a specific pathway mediated by mitochondria; however, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. The SA-binding activity of the recombinant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (Slα-kGDH) E2 subunit of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle was characterized. The biological role of this binding in plant defenses against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was further investigated via Slα-kGDH E2 silencing and transient overexpression in plants. Slα-kGDH E2 was found to bind SA in two independent assays. SA treatment, as well as Slα-kGDH E2 silencing, increased resistance to TMV. SA did not further enhance TMV defense in Slα-kGDH E2-silenced tomato plants but did reduce TMV susceptibility in Nicotiana benthamiana plants transiently overexpressing Slα-kGDH E2. Furthermore, Slα-kGDH E2-silencing-induced TMV resistance was fully blocked by bongkrekic acid application and alternative oxidase 1a silencing. These results indicated that binding by Slα-kGDH E2 of SA acts upstream of and affects the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which plays an important role in basal defense against TMV. The findings of this study help to elucidate the mechanisms of SA-induced viral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangwenke Liao
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Miaoying Tian
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Horticulture, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Daniel F Klessig
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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48
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Wang Y, Li Y, Xue H, Pritchard HW, Wang X. Reactive oxygen species-provoked mitochondria-dependent cell death during ageing of elm (Ulmus pumila L.) seeds. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 81:438-52. [PMID: 25439659 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that controlled deterioration treatment (CDT) induces programmed cell death in elm (Ulmus pumila L.) seeds, which undergo certain fundamental processes that are comparable to apoptosis in animals. In this study, the essential characteristics of mitochondrial physiology in elm seeds during CDT were identified by cellular ultrastructural analysis, whole-body optical imaging, Western blotting and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The alteration in mitochondrial morphology was an early event during CDT, as indicated by progressive dynamic mitochondrial changes and rupture of the mitochondrial outer membrane; loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential (Δψ(m)) ensued, and mitochondrial ATP levels decreased. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore inhibitor cyclosporine A effectively suppressed these changes during ageing. The in situ localization of production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and evaluation of the expression of voltage-dependent anion-selective channel and cyclophilin D indicated that the levels of mitochondrial permeability transition pore components were positively correlated with ROS production, leading to an imbalance of the cellular redox potential and ultimately to programmed cell death. Pre-incubation with ascorbic acid slowed loss of mitochondrial Δψ(m), and decreased the effect of CDT on seed viability. However, there were no significant changes in multiple antioxidant elements or chaperones in the mitochondria during early stages of ageing. Our results indicate that CDT induces dynamic changes in mitochondrial physiology via increased ROS production, ultimately resulting in an irreversible loss of seed viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing, China
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49
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Yu Z, Taylor JL, He Y, Ni J. Enlightenment on the aequorin-based platform for screening Arabidopsis stress sensory channels related to calcium signaling. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2015; 10:e1057366. [PMID: 26336841 PMCID: PMC4883862 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2015.1057366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Free calcium ions (Ca(2+)) are an important signal molecule in response to a large array of external stimuli encountered by plants. Using the aequorin-based Ca(2+) recording system, tremendous progress has been made in understanding the Ca(2+) responses to biotic or abiotic stresses in dicotyledonous Arabidopsis. However, due to the lack of a similar detection system, little information has been obtained from the monocotyledonous rice (Oryza sativa). Recombinant aequorin has been introduced into rice, and the Ca(2+) responses to NaCl and H2O2 in rice roots were characterized. Although rice calcium signal sensor research has just started, the transgenic rice expressing aequorin provides a good platform to study rice adapted to different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, China
| | - Jemma L Taylor
- School of Life Sciences; Gibbet Hill Campus; University of Warwick; Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Yue He
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ni
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou, China
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50
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Nomura H, Shiina T. Calcium signaling in plant endosymbiotic organelles: mechanism and role in physiology. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:1094-1104. [PMID: 24574521 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that chloroplasts and mitochondria evoke specific Ca(2+) signals in response to biotic and abiotic stresses in a stress-dependent manner. The identification of Ca(2+) transporters and Ca(2+) signaling molecules in chloroplasts and mitochondria implies that they play roles in controlling not only intra-organellar functions, but also extra-organellar processes such as plant immunity and stress responses. It appears that organellar Ca(2+) signaling might be more important to plant cell functions than previously thought. This review briefly summarizes what is known about the molecular basis of Ca(2+) signaling in plant mitochondria and chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Nomura
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Gifu Women's University, 80 Taromaru, Gifu 501-2592, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiina
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
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