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Martínez-Núñez C, Gossner MM, Maurer C, Neff F, Obrist MK, Moretti M, Bollmann K, Herzog F, Knop E, Luka H, Cahenzli F, Albrecht M. Land-use change in the past 40 years explains shifts in arthropod community traits. J Anim Ecol 2024; 93:540-553. [PMID: 38509643 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.14062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how anthropogenic activities induce changes in the functional traits of arthropod communities is critical to assessing their ecological consequences. However, we largely lack comprehensive assessments of the long-term impact of global-change drivers on the trait composition of arthropod communities across a large number of species and sites. This knowledge gap critically hampers our ability to predict human-driven impacts on communities and ecosystems. Here, we use a dataset of 1.73 million individuals from 877 species to study how four functionally important traits of carabid beetles and spiders (i.e. body size, duration of activity period, tolerance to drought, and dispersal capacity) have changed at the community level across ~40 years in different types of land use and as a consequence of land use changes (that is, urbanisation and loss of woody vegetation) at the landscape scale in Switzerland. The results show that the mean body size in carabid communities declined in all types of land use, with particularly stronger declines in croplands compared to forests. Furthermore, the length of the activity period and the tolerance to drought of spider communities decreased in most land use types. The average body size of carabid communities in landscapes with increased urbanisation in the last ~40 years tended to decrease. However, the length of the activity period, the tolerance to drought, and the dispersal capacity did not change significantly. Furthermore, urbanisation promoted increases in the average dispersal capacities of spider communities. Additionally, urbanisation favoured spider communities with larger body sizes and longer activity periods. The loss of woody areas at the landscape level was associated with trait shifts to carabid communities with larger body sizes, shorter activity periods, higher drought tolerances and strongly decreased dispersal capacities. Decreases in activity periods and dispersal capacities were also found in spider communities. Our study demonstrates that human-induced changes in land use alter key functional traits of carabid and spider communities in the long term. The detected trait shifts in arthropod communities likely have important consequences for their functional roles in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Núñez
- Agroecology and Environment, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Estación Biológica de Doñana EBD (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - Martin M Gossner
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Maurer
- Agroecology and Environment, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Neff
- Agroecology and Environment, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin K Obrist
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Marco Moretti
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Kurt Bollmann
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Felix Herzog
- Agroecology and Environment, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Knop
- Agroecology and Environment, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Henryk Luka
- Department of Crop Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Cahenzli
- Department of Crop Sciences, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, Frick, Switzerland
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2
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Wong MKL, Didham RK. Global meta-analysis reveals overall higher nocturnal than diurnal activity in insect communities. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3236. [PMID: 38622174 PMCID: PMC11018786 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Insects sustain key ecosystem functions, but how their activity varies across the day-night cycle and the underlying drivers are poorly understood. Although entomologists generally expect that more insects are active at night, this notion has not been tested with empirical data at the global scale. Here, we assemble 331 quantitative comparisons of the abundances of insects between day and night periods from 78 studies worldwide and use multi-level meta-analytical models to show that insect activity is on average 31.4% (CI: -6.3%-84.3%) higher at night than in the day. We reveal diel preferences of major insect taxa, and observe higher nocturnal activity in aquatic taxa than in terrestrial ones, as well as in warmer environments. In a separate analysis of the small subset of studies quantifying diel patterns in taxonomic richness (31 comparisons from 13 studies), we detect preliminary evidence of higher nocturnal richness in tropical than temperate communities. The higher overall (but variable) nocturnal activity in insect communities underscores the need to address threats such as light pollution and climate warming that may disproportionately impact nocturnal insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K L Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia.
| | - Raphael K Didham
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Floreat, WA, 6014, Australia
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3
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Mei Z, Scheper J, Kleijn D. Arthropod predator identity and evenness jointly shape the delivery of pest control services. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:569-576. [PMID: 37732942 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maximizing the effectiveness of natural pest control requires a detailed understanding of how service delivery is affected by natural enemy community diversity and composition. Many studies have investigated the effects of natural enemy abundance and species richness on pest control. Studies examining the effects of evenness and species identity are fewer and have produced inconsistent results. Here we test the effects of arthropod predator community evenness and species identity on natural pest control by exposing aphid (Sitobion avenae) colonies in experimental cages to arthropod predator communities that had the same abundance and species richness but differed in evenness and dominant species. RESULTS We found that the identity of the most dominant species in the arthropod predator community predominantly drove the pest control efficiency. However, additional to the effects of species identity, we also found a causal positive relationship between the evenness of arthropod predator communities and the suppression of pest growth. CONCLUSION Our results provide support for the hypothesis that ecosystem service provision is generally a function of the abundance and efficiency of the most dominant species of the service-providing groups. This could partly explain why management practices aiming at promoting abundance of natural enemies often have mixed effects on pest control. Our results also demonstrate that diversity components such as evenness have important additional effects. However, in real-world ecosystems these effects may be obscured because evenness is generally confounded with abundance or species richness in natural enemy predator communities. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulin Mei
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Scheper
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - David Kleijn
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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4
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Ang SBH, Lam WN, Png GK, Tan SKB, Lee BPYH, Khoo M, Luskin MS, Wardle DA, Slade EM. Isopod mouthpart traits respond to a tropical forest recovery gradient. Oecologia 2024; 204:147-159. [PMID: 38151651 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-023-05494-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Functional trait ecology has the potential to provide generalizable and mechanistic predictions of ecosystem function from data of species distributions and traits. The traits that are selected should both respond to environmental factors and influence ecosystem functioning. Invertebrate mouthpart traits fulfill these criteria, but are seldom collected, lack standardized measurement protocols, and have infrequently been investigated in response to environmental factors. We surveyed isopod species that consume plant detritus, and tree communities in 58 plots across primary and secondary forests in Singapore. We measured body dimensions (body size traits), pereopod and antennae lengths (locomotory traits), dimensions of mandible structures (morphological mouthpart traits), and mechanical advantages generated by mandible shape (mechanical mouthpart traits) for six isopod species found in these plots and investigated if these traits respond to changes in tree community composition, tree diversity, and forest structure. Morphological mouthpart traits responded to a tree compositional gradient reflecting forest recovery degree. Mouthpart features associated with greater consumption of litter (broader but less serrated/rugose lacinia mobilis [an important cutting and chewing structure on the mandible]) were most prevalent in abandoned plantation and young secondary forests containing disturbance-associated tree species. Feeding strategies associated with fungi grazing (narrower and more serrated/rugose lacinia mobilis) were most prevalent in late secondary forests containing later successional tree species. Since morphological mouthpart traits likely also predict consumption and excretion rates of isopods, these traits advance our understanding of environment-trait-ecosystem functioning relationships across contrasting tropical forest plots that vary in composition, disturbance history, and post-disturbance recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawn B H Ang
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Weng Ngai Lam
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore.
| | - G Kenny Png
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sylvia K B Tan
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
| | - Benjamin P Y-H Lee
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, 259569, Republic of Singapore
| | - Max Khoo
- Wildlife Management Division, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, 259569, Republic of Singapore
| | - Matthew S Luskin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - David A Wardle
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Eleanor M Slade
- The Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Republic of Singapore
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Kennedy S, Calaor J, Zurápiti Y, Hans J, Yoshimura M, Choo J, Andersen JC, Callaghan J, Roderick GK, Krehenwinkel H, Rogers H, Gillespie RG, Economo EP. Richness and resilience in the Pacific: DNA metabarcoding enables parallelized evaluation of biogeographic patterns. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:6710-6723. [PMID: 35729790 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Islands make up a large proportion of Earth's biodiversity, yet are also some of the most sensitive systems to environmental perturbation. Biogeographic theory predicts that geologic age, area, and isolation typically drive islands' diversity patterns, and thus potentially impact non-native spread and community homogenization across island systems. One limitation in testing such predictions has been the difficulty of performing comprehensive inventories of island biotas and distinguishing native from introduced taxa. Here, we use DNA metabarcoding and statistical modelling as a high throughput method to survey community-wide arthropod richness, the proportion of native and non-native species, and the incursion of non-natives into primary habitats on three archipelagos in the Pacific - the Ryukyus, the Marianas and Hawaii - which vary in age, isolation and area. Diversity patterns largely match expectations based on island biogeography theory, with the oldest and most geographically connected archipelago, the Ryukyus, showing the highest taxonomic richness and lowest proportion of introduced species. Moreover, we find evidence that forest habitats are more resilient to incursions of non-natives in the Ryukyus than in the less taxonomically rich archipelagos. Surprisingly, we do not find evidence for biotic homogenization across these three archipelagos: the assemblage of non-native species on each island is highly distinct. Our study demonstrates the potential of DNA metabarcoding to facilitate rapid estimation of biogeographic patterns, the spread of non-native species, and the resilience of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Kennedy
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Jerilyn Calaor
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Yazmín Zurápiti
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Julian Hans
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Masashi Yoshimura
- Environmental Research Support Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Juanita Choo
- Science and Technology Group, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Jeremy C Andersen
- Department of Environmental Conservation, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jackson Callaghan
- Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - George K Roderick
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Haldre Rogers
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Rosemary G Gillespie
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Evan P Economo
- Biodiversity and Biocomplexity Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
- Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Yu HY, Li Y, Zhang M, Zou ZB, Hao YJ, Xie MM, Li LS, Meng DL, Yang XW. Chemical Constituents of the Deep-sea Gammarid Shrimp-Derived Fungus Penicillium citrinum XIA-16. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301507. [PMID: 37847218 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
One new alkaloid, (S)-2-acetamido-4-(2-(methylamino)phenyl)-4-oxobutanoic acid (1), was isolated from the deep-sea-derived Penicillium citrinum XIA-16, together with 25 known compounds including ten polyketones (2-11), eight alkaloids (12-19), six steroids (20-25), and a fatty acid (26). Their planar and relative structures were determined by an analysis of 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as well as high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESI-MS) data. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Penicitrinol B (6) significantly inhibited RSL3-induced ferroptosis (EC50 =2.0 μM) by reducing lipid peroxidation and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) expression. Under the concentration of 10 μM, penicitrinol A (7) was able to inhibit cuproptosis with the cell viabilities of 68.2 % compared to the negative control (copper and elesclomol) with the cell viabilities of 14.8 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yan Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zheng-Biao Zou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - You-Jia Hao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ming-Min Xie
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Li-Sheng Li
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xueyuan Road, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Da-Li Meng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xian-Wen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, 184 Daxue Road, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Ribeiro LG, Silva AO, Vaz KA, Dos Santos JV, Nunes CA, Carneiro MAC. Soil arthropod community responses to restoration in areas impacted by iron mining tailings deposition after Fundão dam failure. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1299. [PMID: 37828343 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, the failure of the Fundão dam in Mariana, Brazil released ~43 million m3 of iron mining tailings into the environment. Despite restoration initiatives in the following years, few studies-and most focused on revegetation-have evaluated the effectiveness of the restoration process in areas impacted by the disaster. We aimed to evaluate the responses of the arthropod community in areas impacted by iron mining tailings deposition from the Fundão dam that is in the restoration process. We defined sampling units in the riparian zone of the Gualaxo do Norte River, which is under restoration, and in a native not impacted riparian zone. We collected soil arthropods using pitfall traps and sampled environmental variables in the same sites. We used generalize least squares models (GLS) to test if the restored areas already presented values of arthropod diversity and functional group abundance similar to the reference area and to test which environmental variables are influencing arthropod diversity. We also tested how large the differences of arthropod community composition between the study areas and used the index of indicator species (IndVal) to verify which species could be used as an indicator of reference or restoration areas. The diversity of arthropods and the functional groups of detritivores and omnivores were higher in the native riparian zone. Understory density, soil density, organic matter content, and microbial biomass carbon were the environmental variables that significantly explained the diversity and species composition of arthropods. We show that restoration areas still have different soil arthropod diversity values and community composition when compared to reference areas. Evaluating the response of the arthropod community to the restoration process and long-term monitoring are essential to achieve a satisfactory result in this process and achieve a self-sustaining ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Gonçalves Ribeiro
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo - Lavras, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo - Lavras, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Kátia Augusta Vaz
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo - Lavras, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Jessé Valentim Dos Santos
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo - Lavras, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Cássio Alencar Nunes
- Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação - Lavras, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo - Lavras, Escola de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil.
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Roeder DV, Remy S, Roeder KA. Temperature influences lipid content in the red harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex barbatus. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2023; 23:7193723. [PMID: 37300537 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is one of the most important environmental conditions affecting physiological processes in ectothermic organisms like ants. Yet, we often lack information on how certain physiological traits covary with temperature across time. Here, we test predictions on how one trait-lipid content-covaries with temperature using a conspicuous, ground-dwelling harvester ant. We focus on lipid content as fat bodies are metabolically active tissues that are important for storing and releasing energy in response to demand, which could be vital for survival under variable temperatures. From March to November, we extracted lipids from surface workers of 14 colonies while simultaneously recording ground temperature. We first assessed if lipid content was highest during cooler temperatures when ants were less active and less metabolically stressed. In doing so, we found that lipid content of ants declined almost 70% from cool months (November lipid content = 14.6%) to hot months (August lipid content = 4.6%). We next assessed if lipid levels from a group of ants collected at a single time point could change by placing individuals into environmental chambers set at 10, 20, and 30°C (i.e., the approximate span of average temperatures from March to November). Temperature again had a significant impact such that after 10 days, lipid content of ants in the hottest chamber (30°C) had decreased by more than 75%. While intraspecific variation in physiological traits often follows seasonal patterns, our results suggest fluctuations in temperature may account for a portion of the variance observed in traits like lipid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane V Roeder
- Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
| | - Samantha Remy
- Department of Agriculture, Biology and Health Sciences, Cameron University, Lawton, OK 73505, USA
| | - Karl A Roeder
- Agricultural Research Service, North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006, USA
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9
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Drager KI, Rivera MD, Gibson JC, Ruzi SA, Hanisch PE, Achury R, Suarez AV. Testing the predictive value of functional traits in diverse ant communities. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10000. [PMID: 37091559 PMCID: PMC10115899 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Associating morphological features with ecological traits is essential for understanding the connection between organisms and their roles in the environment. If applied successfully, functional trait approaches link form and function in an organism. However, functional trait data not associated with natural history information provide an incomplete picture of an organism's role in the ecosystem. Using data on the relative trophic position of 592 ant (Formicidae) samples comprising 393 species from 11 subfamilies and 19 widely distributed communities, we tested the extent to which commonly used functional proxies (i.e., morphometric traits) predict diet/trophic position as estimated from stable isotopes (δ15N). We chose ants as a group due to their ubiquity and abundance, as well as the wealth of available data on species traits and trophic levels. We measured 12 traits that have previously been identified as functionally significant, and corrected trait values for size and evolutionary history by using phylogenetically corrected trait residuals. Estimated trophic positions varied from 0.9 to 4.8 or roughly 4 trophic levels. Morphological data spanned nearly the entire size range seen in ants from the smallest (e.g., Strumigenys mitis total length 1.1 mm) to the largest species (e.g., Dinoponera australis total length 28.3 mm). We found overall body size, relative eye position, and scape length to be informative for predicting diet/trophic position in these communities, albeit with relatively weak predictive values. Specifically, trophic position was negatively correlated with body size and positively correlated with sensory traits (higher eye position and scape length). Our results suggest that functional trait-based approaches can be informative but should be used with caution unless clear links between form and function have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim I. Drager
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and BehaviorUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 515 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Michael D. Rivera
- Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 515 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Joshua C. Gibson
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 320 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and TechnologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐Champaign405 N. Mathews AveUrbanaIllinois61801USA
| | - Selina A. Ruzi
- Department of Applied EcologyNorth Carolina State University115 David Clark Labs, 100 Eugene Brooks AvenueRaleighNorth Carolina27695USA
| | - Priscila E. Hanisch
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical BiologyBiocenterUniversity of WürzburgAm Hubland 97074WürzburgGermany
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia” MACN‐CONICETBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Rafael Achury
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 320 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
- Terrestrial Ecology Research GroupTechnical University of MunichHans‐Carl‐von‐Carlowitz‐Platz 2Freising85354Germany
| | - Andrew V. Suarez
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and BehaviorUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 515 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
- Program in Ecology, Evolution and Conservation BiologyUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 515 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois505 S. Goodwin Ave. 320 Morrill HallUrbanaIllinois61801USA
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10
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Staton T, Girling RD, Redak RA, Smith SM, Allison JD. Can morphological traits explain species-specific differences in meta-analyses? A case study of forest beetles. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023:e2838. [PMID: 36911981 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Meta-analyses have become a valuable tool with which to synthesize effects across studies, but in ecology and evolution, they are often characterized by high heterogeneity, where effect sizes vary between studies. Much of this heterogeneity can be attributed to species-specific differences in responses to predictor variables. Here, we aimed to incorporate a novel trait-based approach to explain species-specific differences in a meta-analysis by testing the ability of morphological traits to explain why the effectiveness of flight-intercept trap design varies according to beetle species, a critical issue in forest pest management. An existing morphological trait database for forest beetles was supplemented, providing trait data for 97 species, while data from a previous meta-analysis on capture rates of bark or woodboring beetles according to different trap designs were updated. We combined these sources by including nine morphological traits as moderators in meta-analysis models, for five different components of trap design. Traits were selected based on theoretical hypotheses relating to beetle movement, maneuverability, and sensory perception. We compared the performance of morphological traits as moderators versus guild, taxonomic family, and null meta-analysis models. Morphological traits for the effect of trap type (panel vs. multiple-funnel) on beetle capture rates improved model fit (AICc ), reduced within-study variance (σ2 ), and explained more variation (McFadden's pseudo-R2 ) compared with null, guild, and taxonomic family models. For example, morphological trait models explained 10% more of the variance (pseudo-R2 ) when compared with a null model. However, using traits was less informative to explain how detailed elements of trap design such as surface treatment and color influence capture rates. The reduction of within-study variance when accounting for morphological traits demonstrates their potential value for explaining species-specific differences. Morphological traits associated with flight efficiency, maneuverability, and eye size were particularly informative for explaining the effectiveness of trap type. This could lead to improved predictability of optimal trap design according to species. Therefore, morphological traits could be a valuable tool for understanding species-specific differences in community ecology, but other causes of heterogeneity across studies, such as forest type and structure, require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Staton
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Institute of Forestry & Conservation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robbie D Girling
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Richard A Redak
- Department of Entomology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Sandy M Smith
- Institute of Forestry & Conservation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy D Allison
- Institute of Forestry & Conservation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Piano E, Bonte D, De Meester L, Hendrickx F. Dispersal capacity underlies scale-dependent changes in species richness patterns under human disturbance. Ecology 2023; 104:e3946. [PMID: 36479697 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changes in the species richness of (meta-)communities emerge from changes in the relative species abundance distribution (SAD), the total density of individuals, and the amount of spatial aggregation of individuals from the same species. Yet, how human disturbance affects these underlying diversity components at different spatial scales and how this interacts with important species traits, like dispersal capacity, remain poorly understood. Using data of carabid beetle communities along a highly replicated urbanization gradient, we reveal that species richness in urban sites was reduced due to a decline in individual density as well as changes in the SAD at both small and large spatial scales. Changes in these components of species richness were linked to differential responses of groups of species that differ in dispersal capacity. The individual density effect on species richness was due to a drastic 90% reduction of low-dispersal individuals in more urban sites. Conversely, the decrease in species richness due to changes in the SAD at large (i.e., loss of species from the regional pool) and small (i.e., decreased evenness) spatial scales were driven by species with intermediate and high dispersal ability, respectively. These patterns coincide with the expected responses of these dispersal-type assemblages toward human disturbance, namely, (i) loss of low-dispersal species by local extinction processes, (ii) loss of higher-dispersal species from the regional species pool due to decreased habitat diversity, and (iii) dominance of a few highly dispersive species resulting in a decreased evenness. Our results demonstrate that dispersal capacity plays an essential role in determining scale-dependent changes in species richness patterns. Incorporating this information improves our mechanistic insight into how environmental change affects species diversity at different spatial scales, allowing us to better forecast how human disturbance will drive local and regional changes in biodiversity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Piano
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dries Bonte
- Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luc De Meester
- Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.,Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederik Hendrickx
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium.,Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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12
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Calheiros-Nogueira B, Aguiar C, Villa M. Plant Functional Dispersion, Vulnerability and Originality Increase Arthropod Functions from a Protected Mountain Mediterranean Area in Spring. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:889. [PMID: 36840238 PMCID: PMC9960503 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant diversity often contributes to the shape of arthropod communities, which in turn supply important ecosystem services. However, the current biodiversity loss scenario, particularly worrying for arthropods, constitutes a threat for sustainability. From a trait-based ecology approach, our goal was to evaluate the bottom-up relationships to obtain a better understanding of the conservation of the arthropod function within the ecosystem. Specifically, we aim: (i) to describe the plant taxonomic and functional diversity in spring within relevant habitats of a natural protected area from the Mediterranean basin; and (ii) to evaluate the response of the arthropod functional community to plants. Plants and arthropods were sampled and identified, taxonomic and functional indices calculated, and the plant-arthropod relationships analyzed. Generally, oak forests and scrublands showed a higher plant functional diversity while the plant taxonomic richness was higher in grasslands and chestnut orchards. The abundance of arthropod functional groups increased with the plant taxonomic diversity, functional dispersion, vulnerability and originality, suggesting that single traits (e.g., flower shape or color) may be more relevant for the arthropod function. Results indicate the functional vulnerability of seminatural habitats, the relevance of grasslands and chestnut orchards for arthropod functions and pave the way for further studies about plant-arthropod interactions from a trait-based ecology approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Calheiros-Nogueira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Carlos Aguiar
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - María Villa
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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13
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Maihoff F, Sahler S, Schoger S, Brenzinger K, Kallnik K, Sauer N, Bofinger L, Schmitt T, Nooten SS, Classen A. Cuticular hydrocarbons of alpine bumble bees (Hymenoptera: Bombus) are species-specific, but show little evidence of elevation-related climate adaptation. Front Ecol Evol 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2023.1082559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpine bumble bees are the most important pollinators in temperate mountain ecosystems. Although they are used to encounter small-scale successions of very different climates in the mountains, many species respond sensitively to climatic changes, reflected in spatial range shifts and declining populations worldwide. Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) mediate climate adaptation in some insects. However, whether they predict the elevational niche of bumble bees or their responses to climatic changes remains poorly understood. Here, we used three different approaches to study the role of bumble bees’ CHCs in the context of climate adaptation: using a 1,300 m elevational gradient, we first investigated whether the overall composition of CHCs, and two potentially climate-associated chemical traits (proportion of saturated components, mean chain length) on the cuticle of six bumble bee species were linked to the species’ elevational niches. We then analyzed intraspecific variation in CHCs of Bombus pascuorum along the elevational gradient and tested whether these traits respond to temperature. Finally, we used a field translocation experiment to test whether CHCs of Bombus lucorum workers change, when translocated from the foothill of a cool and wet mountain region to (a) higher elevations, and (b) a warm and dry region. Overall, the six species showed distinctive, species-specific CHC profiles. We found inter- and intraspecific variation in the composition of CHCs and in chemical traits along the elevational gradient, but no link to the elevational distribution of species and individuals. According to our expectations, bumble bees translocated to a warm and dry region tended to express longer CHC chains than bumble bees translocated to cool and wet foothills, which could reflect an acclimatization to regional climate. However, chain lengths did not further decrease systematically along the elevational gradient, suggesting that other factors than temperature also shape chain lengths in CHC profiles. We conclude that in alpine bumble bees, CHC profiles and traits respond at best secondarily to the climate conditions tested in this study. While the functional role of species-specific CHC profiles in bumble bees remains elusive, limited plasticity in this trait could restrict species’ ability to adapt to climatic changes.
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14
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Hoenle PO, Staab M, Donoso DA, Argoti A, Blüthgen N. Stratification and recovery time jointly shape ant functional reassembly in a neotropical forest. J Anim Ecol 2023. [PMID: 36748273 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microhabitat differentiation of species communities such as vertical stratification in tropical forests contributes to species coexistence and thus biodiversity. However, little is known about how the extent of stratification changes during forest recovery and influences community reassembly. Environmental filtering determines community reassembly in time (succession) and in space (stratification), hence functional and phylogenetic composition of species communities are highly dynamic. It is poorly understood if and how these two concurrent filters-forest recovery and stratification-interact. In a tropical forest chronosequence in Ecuador spanning 34 years of natural recovery, we investigated the recovery trajectory of ant communities in three overlapping strata (ground, leaf litter, lower tree trunk) by quantifying 13 traits, as well as the functional and phylogenetic diversity of the ants. We expected that functional and phylogenetic diversity would increase with recovery time and that each ant community within each stratum would show a distinct functional reassembly. We predicted that traits related to ant diet would show divergent trajectories reflecting an increase in niche differentiation with recovery time. On the other hand, traits related to the abiotic environment were predicted to show convergent trajectories due to a more similar microclimate across strata with increasing recovery age. Most of the functional traits and the phylogenetic diversity of the ants were clearly stratified, confirming previous findings. However, neither functional nor phylogenetic diversity increased with recovery time. Community-weighted trait means had complex relationships to recovery time and the majority were shaped by a statistical interaction between recovery time and stratum, confirming our expectations. However, most trait trajectories converged among strata with increasing recovery time regardless of whether they were related to ant diet or environmental conditions. We confirm the hypothesized interaction among environmental filters during the functional reassembly in tropical forests. Communities in individual strata respond differently to recovery, and possible filter mechanisms likely arise from both abiotic (e.g. microclimate) and biotic (e.g. diet) conditions. Since vertical stratification is prevalent across animal and plant taxa, our results highlight the importance of stratum-specific analysis in dynamic ecosystems and may generalize beyond ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp O Hoenle
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.,Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Staab
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - David A Donoso
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador.,Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Adriana Argoti
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nico Blüthgen
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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15
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Chen JT, Wang MQ, Li Y, Chesters D, Luo A, Zhang W, Guo PF, Guo SK, Zhou QS, Ma KP, von Oheimb G, Kunz M, Zhang NL, Liu XJ, Bruelheide H, Schuldt A, Zhu CD. Functional and phylogenetic relationships link predators to plant diversity via trophic and non-trophic pathways. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20221658. [PMID: 36629113 PMCID: PMC9832575 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human-induced biodiversity loss negatively affects ecosystem function, but the interactive effects of biodiversity change across trophic levels remain insufficiently understood. We sampled arboreal spiders and lepidopteran larvae across seasons in 2 years in a subtropical tree diversity experiment, and then disentangled the links between tree diversity and arthropod predator diversity by deconstructing the pathways among multiple components of diversity (taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional) with structural equation models. We found that herbivores were major mediators of plant species richness effects on abundance, species richness, functional and phylogenetic diversity of predators, while phylogenetic, functional and structural diversity of trees were also important mediators of this process. However, the strength and direction differed between functional, structural and phylogenetic diversity effects, indicating different underlying mechanisms for predator community assembly. Abundance and multiple diversity components of predators were consistently affected by tree functional diversity, indicating that the variation in structure and environment caused by plant functional composition might play key roles in predator community assembly. Our study highlights the importance of an integrated approach based on multiple biodiversity components in understanding the consequences of biodiversity loss in multitrophic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ting Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Douglas Chesters
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Arong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering of China, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Kun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Song Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Ping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Pienner Straße 7, 01737 Tharandt, Germany
| | - Matthias Kunz
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Pienner Straße 7, 01737 Tharandt, Germany
| | - Nai-Li Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Schuldt
- Forest Nature Conservation, Georg-August-University, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Chao-Dong Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- College of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Almeida RPS, Teresa FB, Camarota F, Izzo TJ, Silva RR, Andrade-Silva J, de Arruda FV. The role of morphological traits in predicting the functional ecology of arboreal and ground ants in the Cerrado-Amazon transition. Oecologia 2023; 201:199-212. [PMID: 36520222 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is often a vertical stratification of the vegetation in tropical forests, where each forest stratum has a unique set of environmental conditions, including marked differences in habitat heterogeneity, physical complexity, and microclimate. Additionally, many tropical forests are highly seasonal, and we need to consider the temporal variation in environmental conditions when assessing the functional aspects of their organisms. Here, we tested the hypothesis that vertical stratification and seasonality shape tropical ants' functional ecology and that there are differences in the functional trait diversity and composition between arboreal and ground-dwelling ant communities. We collected ants in the arboreal and ground strata in the rainy and dry seasons in six different areas, measuring seven morphological traits to characterize their functional ecology and diversity. Irrespective of the season, we found a distinct functional composition between arboreal and ground-dwelling ants and a higher functional richness on the ground. However, ground ants were more functionally redundant than arboreal ants. The differences in functional richness and redundancy between ant inhabiting strata and season could also be observed in the community-weighted mean traits: arboreal and ground ant traits can be distinguished in Weber's length, mandible length, eye length, and eye position on the head capsule. The differences in these functional traits are mainly related to the ants' feeding habits and the complexity of their foraging substrates. Overall, by providing the first systematic comparison of continuous traits between arboreal and ground-dwelling ants, our study opens new investigation paths, indicating important axes of functional diversification of tropical ants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rony P S Almeida
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas (AntMor), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fabrício B Teresa
- Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Central, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Flávio Camarota
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Junqueira Izzo
- Departamento de Botânica e Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil
| | - Rogério R Silva
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas (AntMor), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Joudellys Andrade-Silva
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Ecologia Funcional de Formigas (AntMor), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Perimetral, 1901, Terra Firme, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Filipe Viegas de Arruda
- Instituto de Pesquisa Ambiental da Amazônia (IPAM), Asa Norte Comércio Local Norte 211 BL B Sala 201-Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, 70863-520, Brazil
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17
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deCastro-Arrazola I, Andrew NR, Berg MP, Curtsdotter A, Lumaret JP, Menéndez R, Moretti M, Nervo B, Nichols ES, Sánchez-Piñero F, Santos AMC, Sheldon KS, Slade EM, Hortal J. A trait-based framework for dung beetle functional ecology. J Anim Ecol 2023; 92:44-65. [PMID: 36443916 PMCID: PMC10099951 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Traits are key for understanding the environmental responses and ecological roles of organisms. Trait approaches to functional ecology are well established for plants, whereas consistent frameworks for animal groups are less developed. Here we suggest a framework for the study of the functional ecology of animals from a trait-based response-effect approach, using dung beetles as model system. Dung beetles are a key group of decomposers that are important for many ecosystem processes. The lack of a trait-based framework tailored to this group has limited the use of traits in dung beetle functional ecology. We review which dung beetle traits respond to the environment and affect ecosystem processes, covering the wide range of spatial, temporal and biological scales at which they are involved. Dung beetles show trait-based responses to variation in temperature, water, soil properties, trophic resources, light, vegetation structure, competition, predation and parasitism. Dung beetles' influence on ecosystem processes includes trait-mediated effects on nutrient cycling, bioturbation, plant growth, seed dispersal, other dung-based organisms and parasite transmission, as well as some cases of pollination and predation. We identify 66 dung beetle traits that are either response or effect traits, or both, pertaining to six main categories: morphology, feeding, reproduction, physiology, activity and movement. Several traits pertain to more than one category, in particular dung relocation behaviour during nesting or feeding. We also identify 136 trait-response and 77 trait-effect relationships in dung beetles. No response to environmental stressors nor effect over ecological processes were related with traits of a single category. This highlights the interrelationship between the traits shaping body-plans, the multi-functionality of traits, and their role linking responses to the environment and effects on the ecosystem. Despite current developments in dung beetle functional ecology, many knowledge gaps remain, and there are biases towards certain traits, functions, taxonomic groups and regions. Our framework provides the foundations for the thorough development of trait-based dung beetle ecology. It also serves as an example framework for other taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indradatta deCastro-Arrazola
- Germans Cabot Franciscans 48, Bunyola, Spain.,Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Nigel R Andrew
- Insect Ecology Lab, Natural History Museum, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matty P Berg
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alva Curtsdotter
- Insect Ecology Lab, Natural History Museum, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Rosa Menéndez
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Nervo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Ana M C Santos
- Terrestrial Ecology Group (TEG-UAM), Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kimberly S Sheldon
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Eleanor M Slade
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joaquín Hortal
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.,cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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18
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Gibb H, Bishop TR, Leahy L, Parr CL, Lessard J, Sanders NJ, Shik JZ, Ibarra‐Isassi J, Narendra A, Dunn RR, Wright IJ. Ecological strategies of (pl)ants: Towards a world-wide worker economic spectrum for ants. Funct Ecol 2023; 37:13-25. [PMID: 37056633 PMCID: PMC10084388 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Current global challenges call for a rigorously predictive ecology. Our understanding of ecological strategies, imputed through suites of measurable functional traits, comes from decades of work that largely focussed on plants. However, a key question is whether plant ecological strategies resemble those of other organisms.Among animals, ants have long been recognised to possess similarities with plants: as (largely) central place foragers. For example, individual ant workers play similar foraging roles to plant leaves and roots and are similarly expendable. Frameworks that aim to understand plant ecological strategies through key functional traits, such as the 'leaf economics spectrum', offer the potential for significant parallels with ant ecological strategies.Here, we explore these parallels across several proposed ecological strategy dimensions, including an 'economic spectrum', propagule size-number trade-offs, apparency-defence trade-offs, resource acquisition trade-offs and stress-tolerance trade-offs. We also highlight where ecological strategies may differ between plants and ants. Furthermore, we consider how these strategies play out among the different modules of eusocial organisms, where selective forces act on the worker and reproductive castes, as well as the colony.Finally, we suggest future directions for ecological strategy research, including highlighting the availability of data and traits that may be more difficult to measure, but should receive more attention in future to better understand the ecological strategies of ants. The unique biology of eusocial organisms provides an unrivalled opportunity to bridge the gap in our understanding of ecological strategies in plants and animals and we hope that this perspective will ignite further interest. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heloise Gibb
- Department of Environment and Genetics and Centre for Future LandscapesLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVic.Australia
| | - Tom R. Bishop
- School of BiosciencesCardiff UniversityCardiffUK
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
| | - Lily Leahy
- Department of Environment and Genetics and Centre for Future LandscapesLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVic.Australia
| | - Catherine L. Parr
- Department of Zoology and EntomologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoriaSouth Africa
- Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | | | - Nathan J. Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Jonathan Z. Shik
- Section for Ecology and Evolution, Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | | | - Ajay Narendra
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversityNSWAustralia
| | - Robert R. Dunn
- Department of Applied EcologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
| | - Ian J. Wright
- Department of Biological SciencesMacquarie UniversityNSWAustralia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the EnvironmentWestern Sydney UniversityPenrithNSWAustralia
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19
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Streit RP, Bellwood DR. To harness traits for ecology, let’s abandon ‘functionality’. Trends Ecol Evol 2022; 38:402-411. [PMID: 36522192 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Traits are measurable features of organisms. Functional traits aspire to more. They quantify an organism's ecology and, ultimately, predict ecosystem functions based on local communities. Such predictions are useful, but only if 'functional' really means 'ecologically relevant'. Unfortunately, many 'functional' traits seem to be characterized primarily by availability and implied importance - not by their ecological information content. Better traits are needed, but a prevailing trend is to 'functionalize' existing traits. The key may be to invert the process, that is, to identify functions of interest first and then identify traits as quantifiable proxies. We propose two distinct, yet complementary, perspectives on traits and provide a 'taxonomy of traits', a conceptual compass to navigate the diverse applications of traits in ecology.
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20
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Li J, Chen X, Wu P, Niklas KJ, Lu Y, Zhong Q, Hu D, Cheng L, Cheng D. The fern economics spectrum is unaffected by the environment. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3205-3218. [PMID: 36029253 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The plant economics spectrum describes the trade-off between plant resource acquisition and storage, and sheds light on plant responses to environmental changes. However, the data used to construct the plant economics spectrum comes mainly from seed plants, thereby neglecting vascular non-seed plant lineages such as the ferns. To address this omission, we evaluated whether a fern economics spectrum exists using leaf and root traits of 23 fern species living under three subtropical forest conditions differing in light intensity and nutrient gradients. The fern leaf and root traits were found to be highly correlated and formed a plant economics spectrum. Specific leaf mass and root tissue density were found to be on one side of the spectrum (conservative strategy), whereas photosynthesis rate, specific root area, and specific root length were on the other side of the spectrum (acquisitive strategy). Ferns had higher photosynthesis and respiration rates, and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency under high light conditions and higher specific root area and lower root tissue density in high nutrient environments. However, environmental changes did not significantly affect their resource acquisition strategies. Thus, the plant economics spectrum can be broadened to include ferns, which expands its phylogenetic and ecological implications and utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Li
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Panpan Wu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Karl J Niklas
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Yimiao Lu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dandan Hu
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve Administration Bureau, Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Institute of Geography, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Ecology in Fujian Province, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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21
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Xie G, Sookhan N, Carscadden KA, MacIvor JS. No evidence for environmental filtering of cavity‐nesting solitary bees and wasps by urbanization using trap nests. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9360. [PMID: 36203633 PMCID: PMC9526028 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial patterns in biodiversity are used to establish conservation priorities and ecosystem management plans. The environmental filtering of communities along urbanization gradients has been used to explain biodiversity patterns but demonstrating filtering requires precise statistical tests to link suboptimal environments at one end of a gradient to lower population sizes via ecological traits. Here, we employ a three‐part framework on observational community data to test: (I) for trait clustering (i.e., phenotypic similarities among co‐occurring species) by comparing trait diversity to null expectations, (II) if trait clustering is correlated with an urbanization graient, and (III) if species' traits relate to environmental conditions. If all criteria are met, then there is evidence that urbanization is filtering communities based on their traits. We use a community of 46 solitary cavity‐nesting bee and wasp species sampled across Toronto, a large metropolitan city, over 3 years to test these hypotheses. None of the criteria were met, so we did not have evidence for environmental filtering. We do show that certain ecological traits influence which species perform well in urban environments. For example, cellophane bees (Hylaeus: Colletidae) secrete their own nesting material and were overrepresented in urban areas, while native leafcutting bees (Megachile: Megachilidae) were most common in greener areas. For wasps, prey preference was important, with aphid‐collecting (Psenulus and Passaloecus: Crabronidae) and generalist spider‐collecting (Trypoxylon: Crabronidae) wasps overrepresented in urban areas and caterpillar‐ and beetle‐collecting wasps (Euodynerus and Symmorphus: Vespidae, respectively) overrepresented in greener areas. We emphasize that changes in the prevalence of different traits across urban gradients without corresponding changes in trait diversity with urbanization do not constitute environmental filtering. By applying this rigorous framework, future studies can test whether urbanization filters other nesting guilds (i.e., ground‐nesting bees and wasps) or larger communities consisting of entire taxonomic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garland Xie
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Nicholas Sookhan
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Kelly A. Carscadden
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Boulder Colorado USA
| | - James Scott MacIvor
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto Ontario Canada
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22
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Gobbi M, Corlatti L, Caccianiga M, ter Braak CJF, Pedrotti L. Hay meadows' overriding effect shapes ground beetle functional diversity in mountainous landscapes. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Gobbi
- Research and Museum Collections Office, Climate and Ecology Unit, MUSE—Museo delle Scienze Trento Italy
| | - Luca Corlatti
- Stelvio National Park Bormio Italy
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
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23
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Petermann JS, Gossner MM. Aquatic islands in the sky: 100 years of research on water-filled tree holes. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9206. [PMID: 35983173 PMCID: PMC9374645 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Water‐filled tree holes are unique ecosystems that may occur high up in tree crowns and are essentially aquatic islands in the sky. Insect larvae, mesofauna, and other organisms colonize the waterbodies and feed on the accumulating detritus. Water‐filled tree holes are not only important habitats for these species but have been used as model systems in ecology. Here, we review more than 100 years of research on tree‐hole inhabiting organisms and show that most studies focus on selected or even single species (most of which are mosquitoes), whereas only few studies examine groups other than insects, especially in the tropics. Using a vote counting of results and a meta‐analysis of community studies, we show that the effects of tree‐hole size and resources on abundance and richness were investigated most frequently. Both were found to have a positive effect, but effect sizes were modulated by site‐specific environmental variables such as temperature or precipitation. We also show that parameters such as the height of the tree holes above ground, tree‐hole density, predation, and detritus type can be important drivers of organism abundance or richness but are less often tested. We identify several important research gaps and potential avenues for future research. Specifically, future studies should investigate the structure, functions, and temporal dynamics of tree‐hole food webs and their cross‐system interactions, for example, with terrestrial predators that act as a connection to their terrestrial surroundings in meta‐ecosystems. Global observational or experimental tree‐hole studies could contribute pivotal information on spatial variation of community structure and environmental drivers of community assembly. With a better understanding of these unique aquatic habitats in terrestrial ecosystems, natural and artificial tree holes can not only serve as model systems for addressing fundamental ecological questions but also serve as indicator systems of the impacts of environmental change on ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana S Petermann
- Department of Environment and Biodiversity University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria
| | - Martin M Gossner
- Forest Entomology Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL Birmensdorf Switzerland.,ETH Zurich, Department of Environmental Systems Science Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems Zurich Switzerland
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24
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Thierry M, Pardikes NA, Ximénez-Embún MG, Proudhom G, Hrček J. Multiple parasitoid species enhance top-down control, but parasitoid performance is context-dependent. J Anim Ecol 2022; 91:1929-1939. [PMID: 35861633 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ecological communities are composed of many species, forming complex networks of interactions. Current environmental changes are altering the structure and species composition of ecological networks, which could modify interactions, either directly or indirectly. To predict changes in the functioning of communities, we need to understand whether species interactions are primarily driven by network structure (i.e., topology) or the specific identities of species (i.e., nodes). Yet, this partitioning of effects is challenging and thus rarely explored. Here we disentangled the influence of network structure and the identities of species on the outcome of consumer-resource interactions using a host-parasitoid system. We used four common community modules in host-parasitoid communities to represent network structure (i.e., host-parasitoid, exploitative competition, alternative host, and a combination of exploitative competition and alternative host). We assembled nine different species combinations per community module in a laboratory experiment using a pool of three Drosophila hosts and three larval parasitoid species (Leptopilina sp., Ganaspis sp., and Asobara sp.). We compared host suppression and parasitoid performance across community modules and species assemblages to identify general effects linked to network structure and specific effects due to species community composition. We found that multiple parasitoid species enhanced host suppression due to sampling effect, weaker interspecific than intraspecific competition between parasitoids, and synergism. However, the effects of network structure on parasitoid performance were species-specific and dependent on the identity of co-occurring species. Consequently, multiple parasitoid species generally strengthen top down-control, but the performance of the parasitoids depends on the identity of either the co-occurring parasitoid species, the alternative host species, or both. Our results highlight the importance of preserving parasitoid diversity for ecosystem functioning and show that other effects depend on species community composition, and may therefore be altered by ongoing environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Thierry
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Nicholas A Pardikes
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Georgia State University-Perimeter College, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, 55 North Indian Creek Drive, Clarkston, Georgia
| | - Miguel G Ximénez-Embún
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Grégoire Proudhom
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hrček
- University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Science, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
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25
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Zhang X, Lu ZX, Zhang NN, Chen YQ. Data of ant community compositions and functional traits responding to land-use change at the local scale. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e85119. [PMID: 36761575 PMCID: PMC9848497 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e85119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Off-reserve conservation is a major contributor to China biodiversity conservation efforts, biodiversity conservation being achieved within afforestation and low-intensity agriculture in fragmented landscapes. Functional trait is more strongly related to ecological processes than taxonomic diversity and reflects ecosystem functioning and species responses to environmental changes. In this study, we selected five habitats that differ in degree of disturbance to explore the effects of land use on ant community compositions, traits distributions and functional diversity change. We assessed how habitat disturbance affects the ant community compositions and traits distributions and asked if ant functional diversity respond to disturbance at the local scale? Location: Lüchun County, Yunnan Province, southwest China. Methods: Pitfall traps were used to survey ant communities. Additionally, we measured four ant morphological traits (eyes diameter, distance between eyes, femur length of the hind-leg and Weber's length) to assess the functional traits distributions and functional diversity. Shade plot of ant relative abundance was used to explore species distribution amongst different habitats. Kernel density plot was used to explore ant traits distribution patterns amongst different habitats. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling ordination, based on ant Weber's length, was used to explore the ant traits compositions amongst different habitats. The fourth corner model was used to evaluate the association between ant traits and environmental variables. The FRic, RaoQ and FEve indices were selected as three complementary measures of the multivariate functional traits space and functional redundancy of different habitats. Results: We collected 14258 ants, representing 89 species, 40 genera and seven subfamilies. Aphaenogasterschurri and Tetramoriumciliatum were the common species of secondary forest; P.sagei, P.pieli, Cardiocondylawroughtonii, Recurvidrisnuwa, Tapinnomamelanocephalum, Monomoriumpharaonis and M.orientale were the common species in plantations; and Iridomyrmexanceps and Cardiocondylanuda were the common species in managed farms. Ants had medium eye diameters, narrow distances between eyes, medium leg lengths and smaller body sizes in greatly-disturbed habitats; and ants had an increasing eye diameter and narrowing of the space between eyes, while the leg length and Weber's length became shorter in moderately-disturbed habitats. Ant trait composition, based on Weber's length, showed significantly differences amongst five habitats. The fourth corner analysis indicated that ant species traits were significantly correlated with environmental variables. The functional diversity of secondary forest, lac plantation and lac plantation-corn agroforest were higher than those in dryland farm and rice paddy. Functional diversities were significantly negatively correlated with bare ground cover and significantly positively correlated with leaf-litter cover, leaf-litter thickness and plant cover. Main conclusion: Our results indicated that ant traits distribution patterns were affected by land-use changes, followed by anthropogenic disturbance pressures at the local scale. Ant traits compositions in greatly-disturbed habitats also differed from the habitats with less disturbance. It is unfavourable for the survival of the large body-size ants in more open habitats with more anthropogenic disturbance. Compared with secondary forest, dryland farm and rice paddies were less resistant and more vulnerable and lac plantations had approximately functional diversity of ant communities, suggesting that lac plantations might be resistant as secondary forest to species loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, ChinaInstitute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Zhi-xing Lu
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, ChinaInstitute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
| | - Nian-nian Zhang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, ChinaGuizhou Academy of ForestryGuiyangChina
| | - You-qing Chen
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, ChinaInstitute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of ForestryKunmingChina
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26
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Wong MKL, Lee RH, Leong CM, Lewis OT, Guénard B. Trait-mediated competition drives an ant invasion and alters functional diversity. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220504. [PMID: 35765840 PMCID: PMC9240689 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The assumption that differences in species' traits reflect their different niches has long influenced how ecologists infer processes from assemblage patterns. For instance, many assess the importance of environmental filtering versus classical limiting-similarity competition in driving biological invasions by examining whether invaders' traits are similar or dissimilar to those of residents, respectively. However, mounting evidence suggests that hierarchical differences between species' trait values can distinguish their competitive abilities (e.g. for the same resource) instead of their niches. Whether such trait-mediated hierarchical competition explains invasions and structures assemblages is less explored. We integrate morphological, dietary, physiological and behavioural trait analyses to test whether environmental filtering, limiting-similarity competition or hierarchical competition explain invasions by fire ants on ant assemblages. We detect both competition mechanisms; invasion success is not only explained by limiting similarity in body size and thermal tolerance (presumably allowing the invader to exploit different niches from residents), but also by the invader's superior position in trait hierarchies reflecting competition for common trophic resources. We find that the two mechanisms generate complex assemblage-level functional diversity patterns-overdispersion in some traits, clustering in others-suggesting their effects are likely missed by analyses restricted to a few traits and composite trait diversity measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K L Wong
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Roger H Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Man Leong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Owen T Lewis
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Benoit Guénard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, Pok Fu Lam Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
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27
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Hoenle PO, Donoso DA, Argoti A, Staab M, von Beeren C, Blüthgen N. Rapid ant community reassembly in a Neotropical forest: Recovery dynamics and land-use legacy. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 32:e2559. [PMID: 35112764 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Regrowing secondary forests dominate tropical regions today, and a mechanistic understanding of their recovery dynamics provides important insights for conservation. In particular, land-use legacy effects on the fauna have rarely been investigated. One of the most ecologically dominant and functionally important animal groups in tropical forests are the ants. Here, we investigated the recovery of ant communities in a forest-agricultural habitat mosaic in the Ecuadorian Chocó region. We used a replicated chronosequence of previously used cacao plantations and pastures with 1-34 years of regeneration time to study the recovery dynamics of species communities and functional diversity across the two land-use legacies. We compared two independent components of responses on these community properties: resistance, which is measured as the proportion of an initial property that remains following the disturbance; and resilience, which is the rate of recovery relative to its loss. We found that compositional and trait structure similarity to old-growth forest communities increased with regeneration age, whereas ant species richness remained always at a high level along the chronosequence. Land-use legacies influenced species composition, with former cacao plantations showing higher resemblance to old-growth forests than former pastures along the chronosequence. While resistance was low for species composition and high for species richness and traits, all community properties had similarly high resilience. In essence, our results show that ant communities of the Chocó recovery rapidly, with former cacao reaching predicted old-growth forest community levels after 21 years and pastures after 29 years. Recovery in this community was faster than reported from other ecosystems and was likely facilitated by the low-intensity farming in agricultural sites and their proximity to old-growth forest remnants. Our study indicates the great recovery potential for this otherwise highly threatened biodiversity hotspot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp O Hoenle
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - David A Donoso
- Departamento de Biología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
- Centro de Investigación de la Biodiversidad y Cambio Climático, Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Adriana Argoti
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Michael Staab
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christoph von Beeren
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Nico Blüthgen
- Ecological Networks, Department of Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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28
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The importance of intraspecific variation in litter consumption rate of aquatic and terrestrial macro-detritivores. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Pourhasanzade F, Iyer S, Tjendra J, Landor L, Våge S. Individual-based model highlights the importance of trade-offs for virus-host population dynamics and long-term co-existence. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010228. [PMID: 35675415 PMCID: PMC9212155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses play diverse and important roles in ecosystems. In recent years, trade-offs between host and virus traits have gained increasing attention in viral ecology and evolution. However, microbial organism traits, and viral population parameters in particular, are challenging to monitor. Mathematical and individual-based models are useful tools for predicting virus-host dynamics. We have developed an individual-based evolutionary model to study ecological interactions and evolution between bacteria and viruses, with emphasis on the impacts of trade-offs between competitive and defensive host traits on bacteria-phage population dynamics and trait diversification. Host dynamics are validated with lab results for different initial virus to host ratios (VHR). We show that trade-off based, as opposed to random bacteria-virus interactions, result in biologically plausible evolutionary outcomes, thus highlighting the importance of trade-offs in shaping biodiversity. The effects of nutrient concentration and other environmental and organismal parameters on the virus-host dynamics are also investigated. Despite its simplicity, our model serves as a powerful tool to study bacteria-phage interactions and mechanisms for evolutionary diversification under various environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swami Iyer
- Computer Science Department, University of Massachusetts, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jesslyn Tjendra
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lotta Landor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Selina Våge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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30
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Miao BG, Peng YQ, Yang DR, Guénard B, Liu C. Diversity begets diversity: Low resource heterogeneity reduces the diversity of nut-nesting ants in rubber plantations. INSECT SCIENCE 2022; 29:932-941. [PMID: 34423564 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One of the most general patterns in ecology is the positive relationship between environmental heterogeneity and local diversity. On the one hand, increased resource heterogeneity provides more resources for diverse consumers in the community. On the other hand, increased structural heterogeneity creates variation in the environment's physical structure, thus allowing the coexistence of diverse species with different environmental requirements. Here, we examined the relative importance of resource and structural heterogeneity in determining the taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity of nut-nesting ants in natural rainforest and rubber plantation. The species richness of nut-nesting ants was 70% higher in rainforest than in rubber plantation. The clustered functional and phylogenetic structure in rubber plantation suggested a strong effect of environmental filtering in shaping ant functional and phylogenetic structure. Nesting heterogeneity (nut diversity) was the major factor explaining variation in taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity, suggesting that resource heterogeneity plays a major role in shaping the biodiversity patterns of nut-nesting ants. Overall, these results indicate that decreased resource diversity following the conversion of rainforest to rubber plantation can drive biodiversity loss in nut-nesting ants, through its effect on reducing both ant species, functional, and phylogenetic diversity. The decline in species richness and functional and phylogenetic diversity in the local ant community might have major effects on ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Ge Miao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
- Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Da-Rong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Benoit Guénard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Organismic and Evolutional Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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31
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Srivastava DS, MacDonald AAM, Pillar VD, Kratina P, Debastiani VJ, Guzman LM, Trzcinski MK, Dézerald O, Barberis IM, de Omena PM, Romero GQ, Ospina Bautista F, Marino NAC, Leroy C, Farjalla VF, Richardson BA, Gonçalves AZ, Corbara B, Petermann JS, Richardson MJ, Melnychuk MC, Jocqué M, Ngai JT, Talaga S, Piccoli GCO, Montero G, Kirby KR, Starzomski BM, Céréghino R. Geographical variation in the trait‐based assembly patterns of multitrophic invertebrate communities. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diane S. Srivastava
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - A. Andrew M. MacDonald
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
- Centre for the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Montpellier, France the Synthesis and Analysis of Biodiversity (CESAB‐FRB), Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Valério D. Pillar
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Pavel Kratina
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK
| | - Vanderlei J. Debastiani
- Department of Ecology and Graduate Program in Ecology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Laura Melissa Guzman
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada
| | - M. Kurtis Trzcinski
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Olivier Dézerald
- EcoFoG, Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS UMR 8172 Kourou France
- ESE, Ecology and Ecosystems Health, INRAE, Agrocampus Ouest, 35042 Rennes France
| | - Ignacio M. Barberis
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Paula M. de Omena
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
- Institute of Biological Sciences Federal University of Pará Belém PA Brazil
| | - Gustavo Q. Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
| | - Fabiola Ospina Bautista
- Department of Biological Sciences Andes University Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Caldas Colombia
| | - Nicholas A. C. Marino
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Céline Leroy
- AMAP, Univ. Montpellier, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, IRD Montpellier France
- ECOFOG, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université de Guyane, Université des Kourou France
| | - Vinicius F. Farjalla
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil
| | - Barbara A. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | - Ana Z. Gonçalves
- Department of Botany, Biosciences Institute University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Bruno Corbara
- Laboratoire Microorganismes, Génome et Environnement Université Clermont Auvergne Aubière France
| | | | - Michael J. Richardson
- Edinburgh UK
- Luquillo LTER, Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico
| | | | - Merlijn Jocqué
- Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecology Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences Brussels Belgium
| | - Jacqueline T. Ngai
- Department of Zoology & Biodiversity Research Centre University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Stanislas Talaga
- Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Unité d’Entomologie Médicale Cayenne France
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | - Gustavo C. O. Piccoli
- Department of Zoology and Botany University of São Paulo State São José do Rio Preto SP Brazil
| | - Guillermo Montero
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario, IICAR‐CONICET‐UNR, Universidad Nacional de Rosario Zavalla Argentina
| | - Kathryn R. Kirby
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada
| | | | - Régis Céréghino
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, CNRS Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France
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A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders. Sci Data 2022; 9:236. [PMID: 35618868 PMCID: PMC9135732 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01316-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Species traits are an essential currency in ecology, evolution, biogeography, and conservation biology. However, trait databases are unavailable for most organisms, especially those living in difficult-to-access habitats such as caves and other subterranean ecosystems. We compiled an expert-curated trait database for subterranean spiders in Europe using both literature data (including grey literature published in many different languages) and direct morphological measurements whenever specimens were available to us. We started by updating the checklist of European subterranean spiders, now including 512 species across 20 families, of which at least 192 have been found uniquely in subterranean habitats. For each of these species, we compiled 64 traits. The trait database encompasses morphological measures, including several traits related to subterranean adaptation, and ecological traits referring to habitat preference, dispersal, and feeding strategies. By making these data freely available, we open up opportunities for exploring different research questions, from the quantification of functional dimensions of subterranean adaptation to the study of spatial patterns in functional diversity across European caves. Measurement(s) | morphological trait • ecological trait | Technology Type(s) | literature extraction • observation | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Agelenidae • Amaurobiidae • Anapidae • Cybaeidae • Dysderidae • Hahniidae • Leptonetidae • Linyphiidae • Liocranidae • Mysmenidae • Nesticidae • Pholcidae • Pimoidae • Segestriidae • Sicariidae • Sparassidae • Symphytognathidae • Telemidae • Tetragnathidae • Theridiidae | Sample Characteristic - Environment | caves • subterranean habitats | Sample Characteristic - Location | Europe |
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Variation in abundance and life-history traits of two congeneric Arctic wolf spider species, Pardosa hyperborea and Pardosa furcifera, along local environmental gradients. Polar Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-022-03041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ohyama L. Asynchrony in Seasonal Patterns of Taxonomic and Functional Diversity in an Aboveground Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Community (Florida, USA). ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:351-359. [PMID: 35298635 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal dynamics of diversity patterns are a key component to understand when assessing ecological communities across temporal scales given that long-term trends in diversity are often a product of the intricate dynamisms that occur at shorter temporal scales. However, seasonal trends in diversity are usually dependent on local-scale conditions, such as habitat types or the demographic characteristics of a given fauna, thus requiring better data coverage from consistent local-scale sampling. Furthermore, the assessment of seasonal dynamics in the context of functional diversity derived from trait-based data is often lacking in many important taxa such as insects. In this study, I quantify and describe the diversity of a Floridian subtropical aboveground ant community from monthly sampling across seasons using both contemporary taxonomic diversity metrics and functional diversity metrics. Results show differences in the timing of peaks across different diversity metrics. Species richness and abundances peak in months leading up to wet seasons while functional richness and divergence peak near the end of the wet season. This asynchrony is likely a result of species-specific differences in natural histories and demographic dynamics. While clear temporal dynamics are observed across diversity metrics, differences between wet or dry seasons were lacking for all metrics except functional richness. Fine-scale sampling data of seasonal trends in insect communities compiled from studies like this will be essential tools for future assessments and predictions of insect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Ohyama
- University of Florida Biodiversity Institute, 432 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32603, USA
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of Florida, 1881 Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
- Biology Department, University of Central Florida, 4110 Libra Drive, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Grassland type and presence of management shape butterfly functional diversity in agricultural and forested landscapes. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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36
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Mugnai M, Frasconi Wendt C, Balzani P, Ferretti G, Dal Cin M, Masoni A, Frizzi F, Santini G, Viciani D, Foggi B, Lazzaro L. Small-scale drivers on plant and ant diversity in a grassland habitat through a multifaceted approach. PeerJ 2022; 9:e12517. [PMID: 35036118 PMCID: PMC8711281 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Semi-natural grasslands are characterized by high biodiversity and require multifaceted approaches to monitor their biodiversity. Moreover, grasslands comprise a multitude of microhabitats, making the scale of investigation of fundamental importance. Despite their wide distribution, grasslands are highly threatened and are considered of high conservation priority by Directive no. 92/43/EEC. Here, we investigate the effects of small-scale ecological differences between two ecosites present within the EU habitat of Community Interest of semi-natural dry grasslands on calcareous substrates (6210 according to Dir. 92/43/EEC) occurring on a Mediterranean mountain. We measured taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities, evaluating the differences among the two ecosites, how these differences are influenced by the environment and whether vegetation affects composition of the ant community. Our results show that taxonomic and functional diversity of plant and ant communities are influenced by the environment. While vegetation has no effect on ant communities, we found plant and ant community composition differed across the two ecosites, filtering ant and plant species according to their functional traits, even at a small spatial scale. Our findings imply that small-scale monitoring is needed to effectively conserve priority habitats, especially for those that comprise multiple microhabitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Mugnai
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | | | - Paride Balzani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy.,Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Giulio Ferretti
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Dal Cin
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alberto Masoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Filippo Frizzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giacomo Santini
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Daniele Viciani
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Bruno Foggi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lazzaro
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
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37
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Fragmentation of forest-steppe predicts functional community composition of wild bee and wasp communities. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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38
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Perrin W, Fontana S, Coq S, Berlioz L, Jay-Robert P, Moretti M. The Influence of Fine-Scale Grazing Heterogeneity on Dung Beetle Assemblages: What Trait Analysis Teaches Us. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:1332-1343. [PMID: 34580707 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Livestock grazing puts major anthropogenic pressure on biological communities worldwide. Not all species are expected to be affected in the same way, and the impacts will depend on species' traits. Focusing on traits thus helps identify the mechanisms underlying changes in community composition under grazing pressures. We investigated how fine-scale grazing heterogeneity affects the trait composition and diversity of dung beetle assemblages in Western Europe. We sampled dung beetles in habitat patches differing in terms of grazing intensity within rangelands of two distinct biogeographical areas: a Mediterranean lowland steppe and Western alpine meadows. We measured five morphological traits expected to respond to the local-scale filtering pressure exerted by variations in grazing intensity. Using individual-based data, we assessed responses in terms of single-trait mean values in communities and complementary trait diversity indices. We found strong shifts in trait composition and diversity between the habitat patches. In both study areas, variations in habitat conditions are likely to have filtered the local occurrence and abundance of dung beetles by the mean of traits such as body mass (which have several functional implications), as well as traits linked to underground activity. We hypothesize that fine-scale variation in resource availability (i.e., droppings) and disturbance intensity (i.e., trampling) are key drivers of the observed patterns in species assemblages. Trait richness peaks at moderate grazing intensity in both study areas, suggesting that patches with an intermediated level of available resources and soil disturbance enable individuals with a greater range of autecological requirements to coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Perrin
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Simone Fontana
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylvain Coq
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Berlioz
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Jay-Robert
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Marco Moretti
- Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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Andersen LH, Nummi P, Rafn J, Frederiksen CMS, Kristjansen MP, Lauridsen TL, Trøjelsgaard K, Pertoldi C, Bruhn D, Bahrndorff S. Can reed harvest be used as a management strategy for improving invertebrate biomass and diversity? JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 300:113637. [PMID: 34521006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The succession-driven reed bed habitat hosts a unique flora and fauna including several endangered invertebrate species. Reed beds can be managed through commercial winter harvest, with implications for reed bed conservation. However, the effects of winter harvest on the invertebrate community are not well understood and vary across studies and taxonomic levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of reed harvest on invertebrate communities. Ground-dwelling and aerial invertebrates were continuously sampled for 10 weeks in the largest coherent reed bed of Scandinavia in order to assess how time since last reed harvest (0, 3, and 25-years) influences invertebrate biomass, biodiversity and community structure across taxonomic levels. Biomass was measured and all specimens were sorted to order level, and Coleoptera was even sorted to species level. The invertebrate community showed distinct compositional differences across the three reed bed ages. Furthermore, biomass of both aerial and ground-dwelling invertebrates was highest in the age-0 reed bed and lowest in the age-25 reed bed. Generally, biodiversity showed an opposite trend with the highest richness and diversity in the age-25 reed bed. We conclude that it is possible to ensure high insect biomass and diversity by creating a mosaic of reed bed of different ages through small-scale harvest in the largest coherent reed bed in Scandinavia. The youngest red beds support a high invertebrate biomass whereas the oldest reed beds support a high biodiversity. Collectively, this elevate our understanding of reed harvest and the effects it has on the invertebrate communities, and might aid in future reed bed management and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Holm Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Petri Nummi
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 1, Biocentre 3, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeppe Rafn
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Mads Prengel Kristjansen
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Kristian Trøjelsgaard
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Cino Pertoldi
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark; Aalborg Zoo, Mølleparkvej 63, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Dan Bruhn
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Simon Bahrndorff
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
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40
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Braschler B, Gilgado JD, Rusterholz H, Buchholz S, Zwahlen V, Baur B. Functional diversity and habitat preferences of native grassland plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates in private gardens along an urbanization gradient. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:17043-17059. [PMID: 34938491 PMCID: PMC8668791 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urbanization is occurring around the globe, changing environmental conditions and influencing biodiversity and ecosystem functions. Urban domestic gardens represent a small-grained mosaic of diverse habitats for numerous species. The challenging conditions in urban gardens support species possessing certain traits, and exclude other species. Functional diversity is therefore often altered in urban gardens. By using a multi-taxa approach focused on native grassland plants and ground-dwelling invertebrates with overall low mobility (snails, slugs, spiders, millipedes, woodlice, ants, rove beetles), we examined the effects of urbanization (distance to city center, percentage of sealed area) and garden characteristics on functional dispersion, functional evenness, habitat preferences and body size. We conducted a field survey in 35 domestic gardens along a rural-urban gradient in Basel, Switzerland. The various groups showed different responses to urbanization. Functional dispersion of native grassland plants decreased with increasing distance to the city center, while functional dispersion of ants decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area. Functional evenness of ants increased with increasing distance to the city center and that of rove beetles decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area. Contrary to our expectation, in rove beetles, the proportion of generalists decreased with increasing percentage of sealed area in the surroundings, and the proportion of species preferring dry conditions increased with increasing distance to the city center. Body size of species increased with distance to city center for slugs, spiders, millipedes, ants, and rove beetles. Local garden characteristics had few effects on functional diversity and habitat preferences of the groups examined. Our study supports the importance of using multi-taxa approaches when examining effects of environmental change on biodiversity. Considering only a single group may result in misleading findings for overall biodiversity. The ground-dwelling invertebrates investigated may be affected in different ways from the more often-studied flying pollinators or birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Braschler
- Section of Conservation BiologyDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - José D. Gilgado
- Section of Conservation BiologyDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Hans‐Peter Rusterholz
- Section of Conservation BiologyDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Sascha Buchholz
- Department of EcologyTechnische Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
| | - Valerie Zwahlen
- Section of Conservation BiologyDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
| | - Bruno Baur
- Section of Conservation BiologyDepartment of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland
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41
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Etard A, Pigot AL, Newbold T. Intensive human land uses negatively affect vertebrate functional diversity. Ecol Lett 2021; 25:330-343. [PMID: 34816566 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Land-use change is the leading driver of global biodiversity loss thus characterising its impacts on the functional structure of ecological communities is an urgent challenge. Using a database describing vertebrate assemblages in different land uses, we assess how the type and intensity of land use affect the functional diversity of vertebrates globally. We find that human land uses alter local functional structure by driving declines in functional diversity, with the strongest effects in the most disturbed land uses (intensely used urban sites, cropland and pastures), and among amphibians and birds. Both tropical and temperate areas experience important functional losses, which are only partially offset by functional gains. Tropical assemblages are more likely to show decreases in functional diversity that exceed those expected from species loss alone. Our results indicate that land-use change non-randomly reshapes the functional structure of vertebrate assemblages, raising concerns about the continuation of ecological processes sustained by vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Etard
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alex L Pigot
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tim Newbold
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, London, UK
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42
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Stachewicz JD, Fountain‐Jones NM, Koontz A, Woolf H, Pearse WD, Gallinat AS. Strong trait correlation and phylogenetic signal in North American ground beetle (Carabidae) morphology. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob D. Stachewicz
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University 5305 Old Main Hill Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | | | - Austin Koontz
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University 5305 Old Main Hill Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - Hillary Woolf
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University 5305 Old Main Hill Logan Utah 84322 USA
| | - William D. Pearse
- Department of Biology and Ecology Center Utah State University 5305 Old Main Hill Logan Utah 84322 USA
- Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus Buckhurst Rd. Ascot Berkshire SL5 7PY UK
| | - Amanda S. Gallinat
- Department of Geography University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA
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43
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Leponce M, Corbara B, Delabie JH, Orivel J, Aberlenc HP, Bail J, Barrios H, Campos RI, do Nascimento IC, Compin A, Didham RK, Floren A, Medianero E, Ribeiro SP, Roisin Y, Schmidl J, Tishechkin AK, Winchester NN, Basset Y, Dejean A. Spatial and functional structure of an entire ant assemblage in a lowland Panamanian rainforest. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Argyle PA, Walworth NG, Hinners J, Collins S, Levine NM, Doblin MA. Multivariate trait analysis reveals diatom plasticity constrained to a reduced set of biological axes. ISME COMMUNICATIONS 2021; 1:59. [PMID: 37938606 PMCID: PMC9723791 DOI: 10.1038/s43705-021-00062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Trait-based approaches to phytoplankton ecology have gained traction in recent decades as phenotypic traits are incorporated into ecological and biogeochemical models. Here, we use high-throughput phenotyping to explore both intra- and interspecific constraints on trait combinations that are expressed in the cosmopolitan marine diatom genus Thalassiosira. We demonstrate that within Thalassiosira, phenotypic diversity cannot be predicted from genotypic diversity, and moreover, plasticity can create highly divergent phenotypes that are incongruent with taxonomic grouping. Significantly, multivariate phenotypes can be represented in reduced dimensional space using principal component analysis with 77.7% of the variance captured by two orthogonal axes, here termed a 'trait-scape'. Furthermore, this trait-scape can be recovered with a reduced set of traits. Plastic responses to the new environments expanded phenotypic trait values and the trait-scape, however, the overall pattern of response to the new environments was similar between strains and many trait correlations remained constant. These findings demonstrate that trait-scapes can be used to reveal common constraints on multi-trait plasticity in phytoplankton with divergent underlying phenotypes. Understanding how to integrate trait correlational constraints and trade-offs into theoretical frameworks like biogeochemical models will be critical to predict how microbial responses to environmental change will impact elemental cycling now and into the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe A Argyle
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Nathan G Walworth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0371, USA
| | - Jana Hinners
- Institute of Coastal Ocean Dynamics, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, 21502, Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Sinéad Collins
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JF, UK
| | - Naomi M Levine
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0371, USA
| | - Martina A Doblin
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, NSW, 2088, Australia
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Mendes MF, Gottschalk MS, Corrêa RC, Valente-Gaiesky VLS. Functional traits for ecological studies: a review of characteristics of Drosophilidae (Diptera). COMMUNITY ECOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42974-021-00060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Pekár S, Wolff JO, Černecká Ľ, Birkhofer K, Mammola S, Lowe EC, Fukushima CS, Herberstein ME, Kučera A, Buzatto BA, Djoudi EA, Domenech M, Enciso AV, Piñanez Espejo YMG, Febles S, García LF, Gonçalves-Souza T, Isaia M, Lafage D, Líznarová E, Macías-Hernández N, Magalhães I, Malumbres-Olarte J, Michálek O, Michalik P, Michalko R, Milano F, Munévar A, Nentwig W, Nicolosi G, Painting CJ, Pétillon J, Piano E, Privet K, Ramírez MJ, Ramos C, Řezáč M, Ridel A, Růžička V, Santos I, Sentenská L, Walker L, Wierucka K, Zurita GA, Cardoso P. The World Spider Trait database: a centralized global open repository for curated data on spider traits. Database (Oxford) 2021; 2021:baab064. [PMID: 34651181 PMCID: PMC8517500 DOI: 10.1093/database/baab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Spiders are a highly diversified group of arthropods and play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems as ubiquitous predators, which makes them a suitable group to test a variety of eco-evolutionary hypotheses. For this purpose, knowledge of a diverse range of species traits is required. Until now, data on spider traits have been scattered across thousands of publications produced for over two centuries and written in diverse languages. To facilitate access to such data, we developed an online database for archiving and accessing spider traits at a global scale. The database has been designed to accommodate a great variety of traits (e.g. ecological, behavioural and morphological) measured at individual, species or higher taxonomic levels. Records are accompanied by extensive metadata (e.g. location and method). The database is curated by an expert team, regularly updated and open to any user. A future goal of the growing database is to include all published and unpublished data on spider traits provided by experts worldwide and to facilitate broad cross-taxon assays in functional ecology and comparative biology. Database URL:https://spidertraits.sci.muni.cz/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stano Pekár
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czechia
| | - Jonas O Wolff
- Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Str. 26, Greifswald 17489, Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally’s Walk, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ľudmila Černecká
- Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Forest Ecology, Ľ. Štúra 2, Zvolen 960 01, Slovak Republic
| | - Klaus Birkhofer
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6, Cottbus 03046, Germany
| | - Stefano Mammola
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Molecular Ecology Group (MEG), Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Corso Tonolli, 50, Pallanza 28922, Italy
| | - Elizabeth C Lowe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally’s Walk, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Caroline S Fukushima
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Marie E Herberstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally’s Walk, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Adam Kučera
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czechia
| | - Bruno A Buzatto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally’s Walk, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - El Aziz Djoudi
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, Konrad-Wachsmann-Allee 6, Cottbus 03046, Germany
| | - Marc Domenech
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | | | - Sara Febles
- Grupo de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Tenerife (GIET), C/ San Eulogio 15, 1º, La Laguna, Canary Islands 38108, Spain
| | - Luis F García
- Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Ruta 8 Km 282, Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - Thiago Gonçalves-Souza
- Department of Biology, Ecological Synthesis and Biodiversity Conservation Lab, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, Dois Irmãos—CEP, Recife, PE 50710-270, Brazil
| | - Marco Isaia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, Turin 10123, Italy
| | - Denis Lafage
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du General Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Eva Líznarová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czechia
| | - Nuria Macías-Hernández
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife 38206, Spain
| | - Ivan Magalhães
- Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’—CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina
| | - Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
- CE3C—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo, Azores, Portugal
| | - Ondřej Michálek
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czechia
| | - Peter Michalik
- Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Loitzer Str. 26, Greifswald 17489, Germany
| | - Radek Michalko
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, Brno 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Filippo Milano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, Turin 10123, Italy
| | - Ana Munévar
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (UNAM-CONICET), Puerto Iguazú, Argentina
| | - Wolfgang Nentwig
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Nicolosi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, Turin 10123, Italy
| | - Christina J Painting
- Te Aka Mātuatua School of Science, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand
| | - Julien Pétillon
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du General Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Elena Piano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, Turin 10123, Italy
| | - Kaïna Privet
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du General Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Martín J Ramírez
- Division of Arachnology, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales ‘Bernardino Rivadavia’—CONICET, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Buenos Aires C1405DJR, Argentina
| | - Cândida Ramos
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Milan Řezáč
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovská 507, Prague 6 CZ-16106, Czechia
| | - Aurélien Ridel
- UMR CNRS 6553 ECOBIO, Université de Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du General Leclerc, Rennes 35042, France
| | - Vlastimil Růžička
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, České Budějovice 370 05, Czechia
| | - Irene Santos
- Grupo de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Tenerife (GIET), C/ San Eulogio 15, 1º, La Laguna, Canary Islands 38108, Spain
- Island Ecology and Evolution Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands 38206, Spain
| | - Lenka Sentenská
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno 611 37, Czechia
| | - Leilani Walker
- Natural Sciences, Auckland War Memorial Museum, Parnell, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Kaja Wierucka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally’s Walk, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- Department of Anthropology, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | | | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Finnish Museum of Natural History LUOMUS, University of Helsinki, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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Pires MM, Ely-Junior GL, Dalzochio MS, Sahlén G, Périco E. Intraspecific Morphological Variation in the Dragonfly Erythrodiplax Media (Odonata: Libellulidae) Among South American Grassland Physiognomies. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:736-747. [PMID: 34228314 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00890-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the intraspecific morphological variation in Erythrodiplax media Borror 1942 (Odonata, Libellulidae) among grassland physiognomies ("Coastal," "Highland," and "Steppic") in the South Brazilian Campos. We measured six morphological traits (total body length, thorax height, length, and width of the fore- and hindwings) from 90 specimens (60 males and 45 females). We tested the effect of the grassland type on the set of traits using one-way MANOVA and principal component analysis (PCA) (separately for each sex). Grassland physiognomy affected the morphology of males and females. In both sexes, the PCA mostly opposed the specimens of the Coastal from the Highland and Steppic grasslands. The first PCA axis separated specimens according to body lengths, thorax heights, and wing width, while the second PCA axis opposed specimens according to wing length and thorax height from specimens with broader wings and longer body lengths. Males from the Coastal had longer body lengths and shorter thorax heights than Highland and Steppic grasslands, while males from the Steppic had longer fore- and hindwings than specimens from the Coastal and Highland grasslands. Females from the Coastal had significantly shorter forewings than specimens from the Steppic grasslands and shorter hindwings than Highland grasslands. Our results are likely explained by the differences in climate and habitat complexity among grassland types and indicate that the processes driving odonate performance vary among grassland biotopes. This study potentially indicates that dragonflies are sensitive to changes in the vegetation structure in South American subtropical grasslands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateus Marques Pires
- Lab de Evolução e Ecologia, Univ do Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, (RS), Brazil.
| | | | | | - Göran Sahlén
- Ecology and Environmental Science, RLAS, Halmstad Univ, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Eduardo Périco
- Lab de Evolução e Ecologia, Univ do Vale do Taquari (UNIVATES), Lajeado, (RS), Brazil
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48
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Hacala A, Lafage D, Prinzing A, Sawtschuk J, Pétillon J. Drivers of taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities in dominant ground-dwelling arthropods of coastal heathlands. Oecologia 2021; 197:511-522. [PMID: 34535833 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-021-05032-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although functional and phylogenetic diversities are increasingly used in ecology for a variety of purposes, their relationship remains unclear, and this relationship likely differs among taxa, yet most recent studies focused on plants. We hypothesize that communities may be diverse in functional traits due to presence of: many phylogenetic lineages, trait divergence within lineages, many species and random functional variation among species, weak filtering of traits in favorable environments, or strong trait divergence in unfavorable environments. We tested these predictions for taxa showing higher (ants), or lower (spiders, ground beetles) degrees of competition and niche construction, both of which might decouple functional traits from phylogenetic position or from the environment. Studying > 11,000 individuals and 216 species from coastal heathlands, we estimated functional as minimum spanning trees using traits related to the morphology, feeding habits and dispersal, respectively. Relationships between functional and phylogenetic diversities were overall positive and strong. In ants, this relationship disappeared after accounting for taxonomic diversities and environments, whereas in beetles and spiders taxonomic diversity is related to functional diversity only via increasing phylogenetic diversity. Environmental constraints reduced functional diversity in ants, but affected functional diversity only indirectly via phylogenetic diversity (ground beetles) and taxonomic and then phylogenetic diversity (spiders and ground beetles). Results are consistent with phylogenetic conservatism in traits in spiders and ground beetles. In ants, in contrast, traits appear more phylogenetically neutral with any new species potentially representing a new trait state, tentatively suggesting that competition or niche construction might decouple phylogenetics from trait diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Hacala
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France. .,EA Géoarchitecture: Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France.
| | - Denis Lafage
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France.,Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Andreas Prinzing
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Jérôme Sawtschuk
- EA Géoarchitecture: Territoires, Urbanisation, Biodiversité, Environnement, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CS 93837, 29238, Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - Julien Pétillon
- UMR CNRS 6553 Ecobio, Université de Rennes, 263 Avenue du Gal Leclerc, CS 74205, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France
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49
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Tong ZW, Xie XH, Wang TT, Lu M, Jiao RH, Ge HM, Hu G, Tan RX. Acautalides A-C, Neuroprotective Diels-Alder Adducts from Solid-State Cultivated Acaulium sp. H-JQSF. Org Lett 2021; 23:5587-5591. [PMID: 34190564 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c02089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The solid-state cultivation of Acaulium sp. H-JQSF isolated from Armadillidium vulgare produces acautalides A-C (1-3) as skeletally unprecedented Diels-Alder adducts of a 14-membered macrodiolide to an octadeca-9,11,13-trienoic acid. The acautalide structures, along with the intramolecular transesterifications of 1-acylglycerols, were elucidated by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical transformation, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compounds 1-3 were found to be neuroprotective with antiparkinsonic potential in the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-challenged nematode model, with the magnitude impacted by the glycerol esterification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wu Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Hong Xie
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Hua Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Ming Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Hu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People's Republic of China
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50
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Roeder KA, Bujan J, Beurs KM, Weiser MD, Kaspari M. Thermal traits predict the winners and losers under climate change: an example from North American ant communities. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karl A. Roeder
- Agricultural Research Service North Central Agricultural Research Laboratory USDA Brookings South Dakota57006USA
- Department of Biology Geographical Ecology Group University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma73019USA
| | - Jelena Bujan
- Department of Biology Geographical Ecology Group University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma73019USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolution University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Kirsten M. Beurs
- Department of Geography and Environmental Sustainability University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma73019USA
| | - Michael D. Weiser
- Department of Biology Geographical Ecology Group University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma73019USA
| | - Michael Kaspari
- Department of Biology Geographical Ecology Group University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma73019USA
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