1
|
Ham JY, Jang YK, Jeon BY, Shon YH. Magnesium from Deep Seawater as a Potentially Effective Natural Product against Insulin Resistance: A Randomized Trial. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:1265. [PMID: 39202546 PMCID: PMC11355969 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Deep seawater has been shown to restore pancreatic function in obese diabetic mice and considerably improve the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in patients with impaired fasting glucose or glucose tolerance. In this study, the effect of 12-week daily consumption of magnesium (Mg2+)-containing deep seawater mineral extracts on blood glucose concentration and insulin metabolism-associated indicators was investigated in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Materials and methods: In this 12-week randomized, double-blind trial, patients (n = 37) with impaired glucose tolerance consumed deep seawater mineral extracts. Changes in blood glucose concentration and related indicators were compared between the treatment group and placebo group (n = 38). Results: The fasting insulin, C-peptide, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, homeostatic model assessment of beta-cell function, and Stumvoll insulin sensitivity index values in the deep seawater mineral extract group showed improvements compared with the placebo group. However, no significant differences between groups were observed in fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, or incremental area under the curve values. Conclusions: Oral supplementation with deep seawater mineral extracts enriched in Mg2+ markedly improves insulin sensitivity in patients with pre-diabetes. This study illustrates the potential clinical application of natural Mg2+ from deep seawater to alleviate insulin resistance in patients with pre-diabetes. Trial registration: This trial was retrospectively registered with Clinical Research information Service (CRIS), No. KCT0008695, on 8 August 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Ham
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 807 Hogukro Buk-gu, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - You Kyung Jang
- QBM Research Institute, QBM Co., Ltd., 7-25 Gangnam-daero 27-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06752, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Yeob Jeon
- QBM Research Institute, QBM Co., Ltd., 7-25 Gangnam-daero 27-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06752, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Shon
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, 135 Dongdukro Jung-gu, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao Y, Zhou M, Shang Y, Dou M, Gao S, Yang H, Zhang F. Effects of co-supplementation of chromium and magnesium on metabolic profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress in impaired glucose tolerance. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2024; 21:14791641241228156. [PMID: 38228168 PMCID: PMC10798099 DOI: 10.1177/14791641241228156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of chromium (Cr) and magnesium (Mg) ions on metabolic profiles, inflammation, and oxidative stress with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and insulin resistance (IR). METHODS 120 individuals with IGT and IR were randomly divided into four groups treated with (1) chromium, (2) magnesium, (3) chromium and magnesium or (4) placebo. Metabolic and inflammatory indicators were measured at baseline and after 3 months intervention. RESULTS Comparison among groups showed that fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2 h post glucose (2hPPG), fasting insulin (FINS) and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in Cr + Mg group were significantly decreased compared with the other three groups (p < .05), and high density lipoprotein (HDL-c) levels were higher. 8-iso prostaglandin F2 alpha (8-iso-PGF2a) decreased in Cr, Mg, and Cr + Mg groups compared with placebo (p < .05), and 8-iso-PGF2a decreased in Cr + Mg groups compared with Cr group and Mg groups (p > .05). Intra-group comparison showed that the levels of FPG, 2hPPG and FINS in Cr + Mg group were significantly decreased after intervention (p < .05), and FINS in Mg group was significantly decreased (p < .01). The levels of HDL-c and triacylglycerol (TG) in Cr + Mg group were significantly improved (p < .05). The level of HDL-c in Mg group was significantly improved compared with baseline (p < .05). Compared with baseline, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in Cr + Mg group and Mg group were significantly decreased (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The co-supplementation of Cr and Mg improves glycemic and lipid levels and reduces the inflammatory response and oxidative stress profiles of individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Endocrinology, NingJin County People’s Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Yongfang Shang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mei Dou
- College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Fanghua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kiuchi Y, Doi T, Tsutsumimoto K, Nakakubo S, Kurita S, Nishimoto K, Makizako H, Shimada H. Association between dietary diversity and cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:75-81. [PMID: 38115645 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to examine whether dietary diversity is associated with cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in community-dwelling older Japanese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in a general community setting. MCI and global cognitive impairment (GCI) were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool, which are multicomponent neurocognitive tests that include memory attention, executive function and processing speed. Dietary diversity was assessed using the diet variety score. The diet variety score assessed the 1-week consumption frequency of 10 food groups, and either 0 or 1 point was allocated to each category based on the following responses: (i) "eat almost every day" (1 point); and (ii) "not eaten almost daily" (0 points). Older adults with a diet variety score of ≥3 points were defined as having high dietary diversity. RESULTS Data included 8987 older adults (mean age 73.9 ± 5.5 years; men 44.3%). The overall prevalences of MCI and GCI were 17.1% (n = 1538) and 8.4% (n = 753), respectively. The proportion of patients with a high dietary diversity was 69.9% (n = 6286). Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed high dietary diversity was associated with MCI (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.94) and GCI (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.92) after adjusting for covariates. CONCLUSIONS This study had a large sample size of older Japanese adults, and showed that high dietary diversity was associated with a lower proportion of MCI and GCI among older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 75-81.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kiuchi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Kazuhei Nishimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Medical Science Division, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Kagoshima University, Sakuragaoka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Halawa N, Elsaid TW, El Wakeel LM, Shawki MA. Impact of magnesium supplementation on clinical outcome and disease progression of patients with diabetic nephropathy: a prospective randomized trial. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2023; 14:20406223231214641. [PMID: 38107482 PMCID: PMC10722944 DOI: 10.1177/20406223231214641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is closely linked with proteinuria. Objectives To assess the impact of oral Mg citrate supplementation on the clinical outcome of diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients. Design This was a prospective, randomized, controlled, open-label study. Methods Sixty DN patients were recruited from Nephrology and Endocrinology departments, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt. Patients were assigned by stratified randomization based on their Mg status, to either Mg citrate group, (n = 30), who received the standard regimen + oral Mg citrate 2.25 g/day or Control group, (n = 30), who received the standard regimen only. The primary endpoint was a change in urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) after 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were insulin resistance, glycemic control, lipid profile, serum osteocalcin, quality of life (QoL) and Mg tolerability. Results Out of a total of 60 patients enrolled, only 54 patients (26 in Mg citrate group and 28 in the control group) completed the study. Groups were comparable at baseline. The UACR median percent reduction was significantly higher in the Mg citrate group (-6.87%) versus (-0.9%) in the Control group, p = 0.001. After 12 weeks, the estimated glomerular filtration rate significantly improved in the Mg citrate group versus Control group (p = 0.001). Comparable change was observed in glycemic indices. Lipid profile significantly improved in the Mg citrate group versus Control group (p = 0.001). Serum osteocalcin levels significantly declined in the Mg citrate group (p = 0.001) versus control group. Regarding QoL, the total score and all domains significantly improved in the Mg citrate group compared to control. The Mg supplement was tolerable with only mild reported side effects that required no intervention. Conclusion Oral Mg citrate supplementation improved microalbuminuria in DN patients. It also had favorable effects on serum osteocalcin, lipid profile and QoL with no reported major side effects. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03824379.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nihal Halawa
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Wahid Elsaid
- Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - May Ahmed Shawki
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy-Ain Shams University, African Union Organization, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Behers BJ, Melchor J, Behers BM, Meng Z, Swanson PJ, Paterson HI, Mendez Araque SJ, Davis JL, Gerhold CJ, Shah RS, Thompson AJ, Patel BS, Mouratidis RW, Sweeney MJ. Vitamins and Minerals for Blood Pressure Reduction in the General, Normotensive Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Six Supplements. Nutrients 2023; 15:4223. [PMID: 37836507 PMCID: PMC10574336 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality worldwide. However, studies have shown increased risk of mortality from heart disease and stroke even within the normal blood pressure (BP) range, starting at BPs above 110-115/70-75 mm Hg. Nutraceuticals, such as vitamins and minerals, have been studied extensively for their efficacy in lowering BP and may be of benefit to the general, normotensive population in achieving optimal BP. Our study investigated the effects of six nutraceuticals (Vitamins: C, D, E; Minerals: Calcium, Magnesium, Potassium) on both systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in this population. We performed a systematic review and pairwise meta-analysis for all six supplements versus placebo. Calcium and magnesium achieved significant reductions in both SBP and DBP of -1.37/-1.63 mm Hg and -2.79/-1.56 mm Hg, respectively. Vitamin E and potassium only yielded significant reductions in SBP with values of -1.76 mm Hg and -2.10 mm Hg, respectively. Vitamins C and D were not found to significantly lower either SBP or DBP. Future studies should determine optimal dosage and treatment length for these supplements in the general, normotensive population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J. Behers
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Julian Melchor
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Brett M. Behers
- College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channel Side Drive MDD 54, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (B.M.B.); (S.J.M.A.)
| | - Zhuo Meng
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, 117 N Woodward Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (Z.M.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Palmer J. Swanson
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, 117 N Woodward Ave., Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA; (Z.M.); (P.J.S.)
| | - Hunter I. Paterson
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Samuel J. Mendez Araque
- College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 560 Channel Side Drive MDD 54, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (B.M.B.); (S.J.M.A.)
| | - Joshua L. Davis
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Cameron J. Gerhold
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Rushabh S. Shah
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Anthony J. Thompson
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Binit S. Patel
- Internal Medicine Residency, Florida State University, 1700 South Tamiami Trail, Sarasota, FL 34239, USA;
| | - Roxann W. Mouratidis
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Michael J. Sweeney
- College of Medicine, Florida State University, 1115 W Call Street, Tallahassee, FL 32304, USA; (J.M.); (H.I.P.); (J.L.D.); (C.J.G.); (R.S.S.); (A.J.T.); (R.W.M.); (M.J.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dall RD, Cheung MM, Shewokis PA, Altasan A, Volpe SL, Amori R, Singh H, Sukumar D. Combined vitamin D and magnesium supplementation does not influence markers of bone turnover or glycemic control: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Nutr Res 2023; 110:33-43. [PMID: 36640582 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High-dose vitamin D supplementation can increase total osteocalcin concentrations that may reduce insulin resistance in individuals at risk for prediabetes or diabetes mellitus. Magnesium is a cofactor in vitamin D metabolism and activation. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of vitamin D and magnesium supplementation on total osteocalcin concentrations, glycemic indices, and other bone turnover markers after a 12-week intervention in individuals who were overweight and obese, but otherwise healthy. We hypothesized that combined supplementation would improve serum total osteocalcin concentrations and glycemic indices more than vitamin D supplementation alone or a placebo. A total of 78 women and men completed this intervention in 3 groups: a vitamin D and magnesium group (1000 IU vitamin D3 and 360 mg magnesium glycinate), a vitamin D group (1000 IU vitamin D3), and a placebo group. Despite a significant increase in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in the vitamin D and magnesium group compared with the placebo group (difference = 5.63; CI, -10.0 to -1.21; P = .001) post-intervention, there were no differences in serum concentrations of total osteocalcin, glucose, insulin, and adiponectin or the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) among groups (P > .05 for all). Additionally, total osteocalcin (β = -0.310, P = .081), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (β = 0.004, P = .986), and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (β = 0.426, P = .057), were not significant predictors of HOMA-IR after the intervention. Combined supplementation was not associated with short-term improvements in glycemic indices or bone turnover markers in participants who were overweight and obese in our study. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03134417).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary D Dall
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - May M Cheung
- City University of New York - Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | - Asma Altasan
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Stella L Volpe
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Renee Amori
- St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | | | - Deeptha Sukumar
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yu Z, Zhao D, Liu X. Nutritional supplements improve cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese patients: A Bayesian network meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1140019. [PMID: 37063314 PMCID: PMC10098366 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1140019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Overweight and obesity are considered as one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). At present, many studies have proved that multiple nutritional supplements play an active role in metabolic diseases. However, the comparative efficacy of different nutritional supplements in improving indicators of cardiometabolic risk in obese and overweight patients is uncertain. Methods Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for the period from January 1990 to March 2022. A random-effect model was built in the Bayesian network meta-analysis. The surface under the cumulative ranking analysis (SUCRA) and clustering rank analysis was performed for ranking the effects. Results The study included 65 RCTs with 4,241 patients. In terms of glucose control, probiotic was more conductive to improve FBG (MD: -0.90; 95%CrI: -1.41 to -0.38), FINS (MD: -2.05; 95%CrI: -4.27 to -0.02), HOMA-IR (MD: -2.59; 95%CI -3.42 to -1.76). Probiotic (MD: -11.15, 95%CrI -22.16 to -1.26), omega-3 (MD: -9.45; 95%CrI: -20.69 to -0.93), VD (MD: -17.86; 95%CrI: -35.53 to -0.27), and probiotic +omega-3 (MD: 5.24; 95%CrI: 0.78 to 9.63) were beneficial to the improvement of TGs, TC and HDL-C, respectively. The SUCRA revealed that probiotic might be the best intervention to reduce FBG, FINS, HOMA-IR; Simultaneously, α-lipoic acid, VD, and probiotic + omega-3 might be the best intervention to improve TGs, TC, and HDL-C, respectively. Cluster-rank results revealed probiotic had the best comprehensive improvement effect on glucose metabolism, and probiotic + omega-3 may have a better comprehensive improvement effect on lipid metabolism (cluster-rank value for FBG and FINS: 3290.50 and for TGs and HDL-C: 2117.61). Conclusion Nutritional supplementation is effective on CVD risk factors in overweight and obese patients. Probiotic supplementation might be the best intervention for blood glucose control; VD, probiotic + omega-3 have a better impact on improving lipid metabolism. Further studies are required to verify the current findings.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zyoud SH, Shakhshir M, Abushanab AS, Koni A, Shahwan M, Jairoun AA, Al-Jabi SW. Global research trends on the links between insulin resistance and obesity: a visualization analysis. TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 7:18. [DOI: 10.1186/s41231-022-00124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundObesity increases the chance of developing insulin resistance. Numerous inflammatory markers have been linked to an increased risk of insulin resistance in obese individuals. Therefore, we performed a bibliometric analysis to determine global research activity and current trends in the field of obesity and insulin resistance.MethodsScopus was used between 2002 and 2021 to retrieve publications related to terms related to obesity and insulin resistance. Data were exported to Microsoft Excel. Additionally, we use VOSviewer software to create visualization maps that describe international collaborations and research hotspots.ResultsWe identified 6626 publications, including 5754 journal articles, 498 review articles, and 109 letters to the editor. The most productive countries were the United States (n = 995, 30.11%), followed by China (n = 650, 9.81%), Italy (n = 412, 6.22%) and Spain (n = 386, 5.83%). Previously to 2012, this field was mainly focused on ‘adipocyte dysfunctions that link obesity with insulin resistance”; and ‘relationship between obesity, insulin resistance, and risk of cardiovascular disease’. ‘Supplements improve insulin sensitivity‘, and ‘obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance’ were found more recently (after 2014), indicating that research in this field has acquired significant interest and emphasis in recent years.ConclusionsThis is the first bibliometric study to focus on publications related to insulin resistance and obesity at the global level. Our reporting of quantifiable knowledge in this field may be useful in providing evidence and direction for future research, clinical practice, and educational initiatives.
Collapse
|
9
|
Oost LJ, Kurstjens S, Ma C, Hoenderop JGJ, Tack CJ, de Baaij JHF. Magnesium increases insulin-dependent glucose uptake in adipocytes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:986616. [PMID: 36093068 PMCID: PMC9453642 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.986616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by a decreased insulin sensitivity. Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is common in people with T2D. However, the molecular consequences of low Mg2+ levels on insulin sensitivity and glucose handling have not been determined in adipocytes. The aim of this study is to determine the role of Mg2+ in the insulin-dependent glucose uptake. Methods First, the association of low plasma Mg2+ with markers of insulin resistance was assessed in a cohort of 395 people with T2D. Secondly, the molecular role of Mg2+ in insulin-dependent glucose uptake was studied by incubating 3T3-L1 adipocytes with 0 or 1 mmol/L Mg2+ for 24 hours followed by insulin stimulation. Radioactive-glucose labelling, enzymatic assays, immunocytochemistry and live microscopy imaging were used to analyze the insulin receptor phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Akt pathway. Energy metabolism was assessed by the Seahorse Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Results In people with T2D, plasma Mg2+ concentration was inversely associated with markers of insulin resistance; i.e., the lower Mg2+, the more insulin resistant. In Mg2+-deficient adipocytes, insulin-dependent glucose uptake was decreased by approximately 50% compared to control Mg2+condition. Insulin receptor phosphorylation Tyr1150/1151 and PIP3 mass were not decreased in Mg2+-deficient adipocytes. Live imaging microscopy of adipocytes transduced with an Akt sensor (FoxO1-Clover) demonstrated that FoxO1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytosol was reduced, indicting less Akt activation in Mg2+-deficient adipocytes. Immunocytochemistry using a Lectin membrane marker and at the membrane located Myc epitope-tagged glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) demonstrated that GLUT4 translocation was diminished in insulin-stimulated Mg2+-deficient adipocytes compared to control conditions. Energy metabolism in Mg2+ deficient adipocytes was characterized by decreased glycolysis, upon insulin stimulation. Conclusions Mg2+ increases insulin-dependent glucose uptake in adipocytes and suggests that Mg2+ deficiency may contribute to insulin resistance in people with T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lynette J. Oost
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Steef Kurstjens
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, ‘s-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Beijing Tongren Hospital Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Joost G. J. Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Cees J. Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H. F. de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
de Sousa Melo SR, Dos Santos LR, da Cunha Soares T, Cardoso BEP, da Silva Dias TM, Morais JBS, de Paiva Sousa M, de Sousa TGV, da Silva NC, da Silva LD, Cruz KJC, do Nascimento Marreiro D. Participation of Magnesium in the Secretion and Signaling Pathways of Insulin: an Updated Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3545-3553. [PMID: 35666386 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02966-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have demonstrated the participation of various minerals in mechanisms involving insulin. Magnesium, in particular, plays an important role in the secretion and action of this hormone. Therefore, this review aimed to examine the latest insights into the biochemical and molecular aspects of the participation of magnesium in insulin sensitivity. Magnesium plays a vital role in the activity of intracellular proteins involved in insulin secretion in β-pancreatic cells, such as glucokinase, ATPase, and protein kinase C. In addition, evidence suggests that this mineral participates directly in insulin sensitivity and signaling in peripheral tissues, acting in the phosphorylation of the receptor tyrosine kinase and the insulin receptor substrates 1, insulin receptor substrates 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and protein kinase B, and indirectly by reducing oxidative stress and chronic low-grade inflammation, which also lead to insulin resistance. Thus, magnesium deficiency is associated with glucose intolerance, while magnesium supplementation stimulates insulin secretion in pancreatic cells and improves insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues. However, studies must consider assess short- and long-term nutritional status of mineral before performing intervention, the relevance of the balance of other nutrients that influence hormone secretion and sensibility, and health status of the assessed population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loanne Rocha Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | - Tamires da Cunha Soares
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Mickael de Paiva Sousa
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina (Piauí), Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, CEP 64048-320, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil
| | - Dilina do Nascimento Marreiro
- Department of Nutrition, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Piauí, Rua Hugo Napoleão, 665, Ed. Palazzo Reale, Apto 2001, Jockey, CEP 64048-320, Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ishikawa Y, Laing EM, Anderson AK, Zhang D, Kindler JM, Trivedi-Kapoor R, Sattler ELP. Adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is associated with low levels of insulin resistance among heart failure patients. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1841-1850. [PMID: 35637084 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Heart failure (HF) patients are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This study examined the association between adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and insulin resistance among U.S. adults with HF. METHODS AND RESULTS Using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2016 cycles, we included 348 individuals aged 20+ years with HF and no history of diabetes. DASH diet adherence index quartile 1 indicated the lowest and quartile 4 indicated the highest adherence. The highest level of insulin resistance was defined by the upper tertile of the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Associations between level of insulin resistance and DASH diet adherence and its linear trends were examined using logistic regressions. Trend analyses showed that participants in upper DASH diet adherence index quartiles were more likely older, female, non-Hispanic White, of normal weight, and had lower levels of fasting insulin than those in lower quartiles. Median values of HOMA-IR from lowest to highest DASH diet adherence index quartiles were 3.1 (interquartile range, 1.8-5.5), 2.9 (1.7-5.6), 2.1 (1.1-3.7), and 2.1 (1.3-3.5). Multivariable logistic analyses indicated that participants with the highest compared to the lowest DASH adherence showed 77.1% lower odds of having the highest level of insulin resistance (0.229, 95% confidence interval: 0.073-0.716; p = 0.017 for linear trend). CONCLUSION Good adherence to the DASH diet was associated with lower insulin resistance among community-dwelling HF patients. Heart healthy dietary patterns likely protect HF patients from developing type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Ishikawa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Emma M Laing
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Alex K Anderson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Donglan Zhang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, GA, USA; Division of Health Services Research, Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Long Island School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Joseph M Kindler
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Rupal Trivedi-Kapoor
- Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Elisabeth L P Sattler
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Georgia, GA, USA; Department of Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Long-term association of vegetable and fruit intake with risk of dementia in Japanese older adults: the Hisayama study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:257. [PMID: 35351024 PMCID: PMC8962464 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several prospective Western studies have reported an inverse association of vegetable and fruit intake with dementia risk. However, there is limited epidemiologic evidence in Asians. This study investigated the association of intakes of vegetables, fruits, and their nutrients on the risk of incident dementia and its subtypes in a Japanese community.
Methods
A total of 1071 participants (452 men and 619 women) aged ≥60 years without dementia at baseline were prospectively followed up for 24 years. Intakes of vegetables, fruits, and nutrients were evaluated using a 70-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline and were categorized into quartiles separately by gender. The outcome measure was the development of dementia and its subtypes—namely, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD). The risk estimates of incident dementia were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
During the long-term follow-up period, 464 subjects developed dementia, of whom 286 had AD and 144 had VaD. Higher vegetable intake was associated gradually with lower risk of developing dementia and AD (both P-trend < 0.05), but not VaD, after adjusting for confounders. Subjects allocated the highest quartile of vegetable intake had 27 and 31% lower risk of dementia and AD, respectively, than those with the lowest quartile. The risk of dementia decreased significantly with higher intakes of vitamin A, riboflavin, vitamin C, magnesium, calcium, and potassium (all P-trend < 0.05). Subjects with higher total dietary fiber intake tended to be at decreased risk for total dementia (P-trend = 0.07). Meanwhile, there were no significant associations between fruit intake and the risk of dementia and its subtypes.
Conclusion
Higher intakes of vegetables and their constituent nutrients were associated with a lower risk of dementia in Japanese older adults. A diet rich in vegetables may be beneficial in reducing the dementia risk in Asians.
Collapse
|
13
|
Đuric D, Gatarić N, Todorović D, Stanković S, Dragičević-Cvjetković D, Stojiljković M, Škrbić R, Vučković S. The effects of subchronic intake of magnesium hydro-carbonate-rich mineral water on cardiometabolic markers and electrolytes in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. SCRIPTA MEDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-40112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aim: Hypomagnesaemia is one of the most detected electrolyte abnormalities in diabetics. Modulation of numerous cardiovascular pathophysiological processes is a potential goal for anti-diabetic therapy. Magnesium supplementation prevents subclinical tissue magnesium deficiency, thus delaying the onset of metabolic imbalance in diabetes, but long-term effects of magnesium supplementation in chronic diabetes and numerous pathophysiological processes remain unknown. Aim of this study was to determine the effects of subchronic intake of magnesium hydrocarbonate-rich mineral water on cardiometabolic markers and electrolytes in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Methods: A total of 28 Wistar, male rats, body weight 160 g at start, were divided into four groups of 7 each: two controls, group that drank tap water and received a single ip injection of saline (0.9 % NaCl) (TW-C), group that drank mineral water rich in magnesium hydrocarbonate and received a single ip injection of saline (0.9 % NaCl) (MW-C); and two experimental groups with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, group that drank tap water and received a single ip injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) in saline (0.9 % NaCl, 1 mL) (TW-DM), group that drank mineral water rich in magnesium hydrocarbonate and received a single ip injection of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg) in saline (0.9 % NaCl, 1 mL) (MW-DM). Results: Regarding the biochemical parameters, a decrease was observed in the MW-C group for vitamin B12 and proteins, while triglycerides were higher compared to the TW-C group. By comparing the haemostatic biomarkers between TW-C and MW-C groups, a statistically significant decrease was found for fibrinogen, while the electrolyte analysis showed an increase in phosphates for the MW-C group. Biochemical value comparison between TW-DM and MWDM groups showed that magnesium hydrocarbonate usage in diabetic rats did not significantly reduce glycaemia although the average glycaemic values were lower in the group treated with magnesium hydrocarbonate. Regarding the electrolyte values, a statistically significant decrease was observed for sodium, potassium and phosphate in the MW-DM group. The MW-DM group also showed a significant increase in iron value compared to TW-DM group. Conclusion: Subchronic intake of magnesium hydrocarbonate-rich mineral water, as a form of magnesium supplementation, did not cause a significant improvement in glycaemia or normalisation of diabetes-induced dyslipidaemia. This study showed the reduction of fibrinogen value, thus indicating the possibility of usage of this form of magnesium supplementation in different pro-thrombogenic conditions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Smita RM, Shuvo APR, Raihan S, Jahan R, Simin FA, Rahman A, Biswas S, Salem L, Sagor MAT. The Role of Mineral Deficiencies in Insulin Resistance and Obesity. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e171121197987. [PMID: 34789132 DOI: 10.2174/1573399818666211117104626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Minerals are critical for maintaining overall health. These tiny chemical compounds are responsible for enzymatic activation, maintaining healthy teeth and bones, regulating energy metabolism, enhancing immunity, and aiding muscle and brain function. However, mineral deficiency in the form of inadequate or under nourished intake affects millions of people throughout the world, with well-documented adverse health consequences of malnutrition. Conversely, mineral deficiency may also be a risk factor for Insulin Resistance (IR) and obesity. This review focuses on another, more "less discussed" form of malnutrition, namely mineral deficiency and its contribution to metabolic disorders. At the cellular level, minerals maintain not only molecular communication but also trigger several key biochemical pathways. Disturbances in these processes due to mineral insufficiency may gradually lead to metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and central obesity, which might lead to renal failure, cardiac arrest, hepatic carcinoma, and various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we discuss the burden of disease promoted by mineral deficiencies and the medical, social, and economic consequences. Mineral deficiency-mediated IR and obesity have a considerable negative impact on individual well-being, physical consideration, and economic productivity. We discuss possible molecular mechanisms of mineral deficiency that may lead to IR and obesity and suggest strategies to counter these metabolic disorders. To protect mankind from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to take a variety of foods in reasonable quantities, such as organic and pasture-raised eggs, low fat dairy, and grass-fed and finished meats, insecticide, and pesticide-free vegetables and fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabbir Raihan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rajib Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Faria Anjum Simin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ashiqur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Soumick Biswas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Liyad Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Taher Sagor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shastri AA, Lombardo J, Okere SC, Higgins S, Smith BC, DeAngelis T, Palagani A, Hines K, Monti DA, Volpe S, Mitchell EP, Simone NL. Personalized Nutrition as a Key Contributor to Improving Radiation Response in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:175. [PMID: 35008602 PMCID: PMC8745527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding metabolic and immune regulation inherent to patient populations is key to improving the radiation response for our patients. To date, radiation therapy regimens are prescribed based on tumor type and stage. Patient populations who are noted to have a poor response to radiation such as those of African American descent, those who have obesity or metabolic syndrome, or senior adult oncology patients, should be considered for concurrent therapies with radiation that will improve response. Here, we explore these populations of breast cancer patients, who frequently display radiation resistance and increased mortality rates, and identify the molecular underpinnings that are, in part, responsible for the radiation response and that result in an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. The resulting immune phenotype is discussed to understand how antitumor immunity could be improved. Correcting nutrient deficiencies observed in these populations should be considered as a means to improve the therapeutic index of radiation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anuradha A. Shastri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Joseph Lombardo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Samantha C. Okere
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Stephanie Higgins
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Brittany C. Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Tiziana DeAngelis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Ajay Palagani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Kamryn Hines
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| | - Daniel A. Monti
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Marcus Institute of Integrative Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Stella Volpe
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA;
| | - Edith P. Mitchell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Nicole L. Simone
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA; (A.A.S.); (J.L.); (S.C.O.); (S.H.); (B.C.S.); (T.D.); (A.P.); (K.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Allehdan S, Basha A, Hyassat D, Nabhan M, Qasrawi H, Tayyem R. Effectiveness of carbohydrate counting and Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension dietary intervention on managing Gestational Diabetes Mellitus among pregnant women who used metformin: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr 2021; 41:384-395. [PMID: 34999333 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complication of pregnancy that has significant impacts on both mother and her offspring health. The present study aimed to examine the effect of carbohydrate counting, carbohydrate counting combined with DASH, and control dietary interventions on glycemic control, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. METHODS A total of 75 pregnant women with GDM at 24th - 30th week of gestation were enrolled and randomized to follow one of the three diets: control or carbohydrate counting, or carbohydrate counting combined with Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH). Only 70 of them completed the study until delivery. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and the end of the study to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fructosamine. Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score was calculated using HOMA2 calculator program. The participants recorded at least four blood glucose readings per day. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records. Dietary intake was assessed by three-day food records at the baseline and the end of the study. RESULTS Adherence to the three dietary interventions, resulted in decreased FBG levels significantly among all the participants (P < 0.05). Consumption of the carbohydrate counting combined with the DASH diet showed significant reduction in serum insulin levels and HOMA-IR score compared to carbohydrate counting group and control group. Means of fructosamine and HbA1c did not differ significantly among the three intervention diet groups. Overall mean of 1-h postprandial glucose (1 h PG) level was significantly lower in the carbohydrate counting combined with DASH group compared with that in the carbohydrate counting group and the control group (P < 0.001). The number of women who were required to commence insulin therapy after dietary intervention was significantly lower in carbohydrate counting group and carbohydrate counting combined with DASH group (P = 0.026). There were no significant differences in other maternal and neonatal outcomes among the three dietary intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS The carbohydrate counting and the carbohydrate counting combined with DASH dietary interventions resulted in beneficial effects on FBG and 1 h PG compared with the control diet. The three dietary interventions produced similar maternal and neonatal outcomes in women with GDM. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identification code: NCT03244579. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03244579.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabika Allehdan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain. Zallaq, Sakhir Campus 32038, Bahrain.
| | - Asma Basha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Dana Hyassat
- The National Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology and Genetics, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Mohammed Nabhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Husam Qasrawi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Al-Bashir Hospital Amman, Jordan.
| | - Reema Tayyem
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Veronese N, Dominguez LJ, Pizzol D, Demurtas J, Smith L, Barbagallo M. Oral Magnesium Supplementation for Treating Glucose Metabolism Parameters in People with or at Risk of Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:4074. [PMID: 34836329 PMCID: PMC8619199 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a large and growing body of literature focusing on the use of oral magnesium (Mg) supplementation for improving glucose metabolism in people with or at risk of diabetes. We therefore aimed to investigate the effect of oral Mg supplementation on glucose and insulin-sensitivity parameters in participants with diabetes or at high risk of diabetes, compared with a placebo. Several databases were searched investigating the effect of oral Mg supplementation vs placebo in patients with diabetes or conditions at high risk of diabetes. Data were reported as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using follow-up data of glucose and insulin-sensitivity parameters. Compared with placebo, Mg supplementation reduced fasting plasma glucose in people with diabetes. In people at high risk of diabetes, Mg supplementation significantly improved plasma glucose per se, and after a 2 h oral glucose tolerance test. Furthermore, Mg supplementation demonstrated an improvement in insulin sensitivity markers. In conclusion, Mg supplementation appears to have a beneficial role and improves glucose parameters in people with diabetes. Moreover, our work indicates that Mg supplementation may improve insulin-sensitivity parameters in those at high risk of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.J.D.); (M.B.)
| | - Ligia J. Dominguez
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.J.D.); (M.B.)
- School of Medicine, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Damiano Pizzol
- Italian Agency for Development Cooperation-Khartoum, Sudan Street 33, Khartoum 21111, Sudan;
| | - Jacopo Demurtas
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
- Primary Care Department USL Toscana Sud Est-Grosseto, 58100 Grosseto, Italy
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance, and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK;
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (L.J.D.); (M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Handayani D, Kusumastuty I, Innayah AM, Retnaningtyas E, Sulistyowati E, Sasiarini L, Rudijanto A. Substitution of local Indonesian varieties of brown rice on anthropometry and blood glucose level improvement in type 2 DM patients: a pilot project. J Public Health Res 2021; 11. [PMID: 34579520 PMCID: PMC8859717 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2021.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence increases globally. Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is one of the DM management pillars to control blood glucose. Local Indonesian brown rice is proven to contain high fiber and magnesium levels thus could improve obesity, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c. This study aims to prove the benefits of brown rice on anthropometric parameters and blood glucose control. Design and methods: Respondents were overweight women older than 40 years with type 2 diabetes who were given three main meals and three snacks six days a week for 12 weeks. Anthropometric and blood glucose control data were collected before and after the intervention. Diet and intake data before the intervention were obtained through a semi quantitate food frequency questionnaire. Intake data during the intervention were recorded using the 24-hour food record and analyzed using modified NutriSurvey 2007 software. Results: Brown rice intervention significantly reduced body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, and abdominal circumference (p<0.05), also in fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (PBG), and HbA1c (p<0.05). From the Pearson’s test results, an increase in fiber intake correlated with a decrease in BMI and abdominal circumference (p=0.03; r = -0.511 and p=0.006; r = -0.619, respectively). Meanwhile, magnesium intake and changes in BMI showed a negative correlation. Conclusions: The substitution of brown rice as a staple food for 12 weeks improves anthropometric parameters and blood glucose control in respondents with type 2 diabetes. Significance for public health Diet management is one important point in blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus patients. Ignoring the eating habits of patients given interventions makes diet difficult to be implemented. The tradition of consuming rice as a staple food is a dietary pattern for Indonesians. Selecting brown rice as a staple food in patients with diabetes mellitus has been proven to improve blood glucose control. Clinical trials in this study can be used as a reference for public education regarding the recommended servings of brown rice in daily servings as blood glucose control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dian Handayani
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
| | - Inggita Kusumastuty
- Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Petroni ML, Brodosi L, Marchignoli F, Sasdelli AS, Caraceni P, Marchesini G, Ravaioli F. Nutrition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Present Knowledge and Remaining Challenges. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082748. [PMID: 34444908 PMCID: PMC8401663 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy behaviours, including diet and physical activity, coupled with genetic predisposition, drive type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurrence and severity; the present review aims to summarise the most recent nutritional approaches in T2D, outlining unmet needs. Guidelines consistently suggest reducing energy intake to counteract the obesity epidemic, frequently resulting in sarcopenic obesity, a condition associated with poorer metabolic control and cardiovascular disease. Various dietary approaches have been proposed with largely similar results, with a preference for the Mediterranean diet and the best practice being the diet that patients feel confident of maintaining in the long term based on individual preferences. Patient adherence is indeed the pivotal factor for weight loss and long-term maintenance, requiring intensive lifestyle intervention. The consumption of nutritional supplements continues to increase even if international societies do not support their systematic use. Inositols and vitamin D supplementation, as well as micronutrients (zinc, chromium, magnesium) and pre/probiotics, result in modest improvement in insulin sensitivity, but their use is not systematically suggested. To reach the desired goals, patients should be actively involved in the collaborative development of a personalised meal plan associated with habitual physical activity, aiming at normal body weight and metabolic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Petroni
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Brodosi
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Marchignoli
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Anna Simona Sasdelli
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Paolo Caraceni
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulio Marchesini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-2144889
| | - Federico Ravaioli
- IRCCS-Azienda Ospedaliera di Bologna Sant’Orsola-Malpighi, I-40138 Bologna, Italy; (M.L.P.); (L.B.); (F.M.); (A.S.S.); (P.C.); (F.R.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater University of Bologna, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Martin‐Benlloch X, Lanfranchi DA, Haid S, Pietschmann T, Davioud‐Charvet E, Elhabiri M. Magnesium Complexes of Ladanein: A Beneficial Strategy for Stabilizing Polyphenolic Antivirals. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Martin‐Benlloch
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) CNRS-Unistra-UHA European School of Chemistry Polymers and Materials (ECPM) 25, rue Becquerel F-67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Don Antoine Lanfranchi
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) CNRS-Unistra-UHA European School of Chemistry Polymers and Materials (ECPM) 25, rue Becquerel F-67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Sibylle Haid
- Institute of Experimental Virology TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection research a joint venture of the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7 30625 Hannover Germany
| | - Thomas Pietschmann
- Institute of Experimental Virology TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection research a joint venture of the Hannover Medical School (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) Feodor-Lynen-Str. 7 30625 Hannover Germany
| | - Elisabeth Davioud‐Charvet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) CNRS-Unistra-UHA European School of Chemistry Polymers and Materials (ECPM) 25, rue Becquerel F-67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA) CNRS-Unistra-UHA European School of Chemistry Polymers and Materials (ECPM) 25, rue Becquerel F-67087 Strasbourg France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
High fat diet induced abnormalities in metabolism, growth, behavior, and circadian clock in Drosophila melanogaster. Life Sci 2021; 281:119758. [PMID: 34175317 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The current lifestyle trend has made people vulnerable to diabetes and related diseases. Years of scientific research have not been able to yield a cure to the disease completely. The current study aims to investigate a link between high-fat diet mediated diabesity and circadian rhythm in the Drosophila model and inferences that might help in establishing a cure to the dreaded disease. MAIN METHODS Several experimental methods including phenotypical, histological, biochemical, molecular, and behavioral assays were used in the study to detect obesity, diabetes, and changes in the circadian clock in the fly model. KEY FINDINGS The larva and adults of Drosophila melanogaster exposed to high-fat diet (HFD) displayed excess deposition of fat as lipid droplets and micronuclei formation in the gut, fat body, and crop. Larva and adults of HFD showed behavioral defects. The higher amount of triglyceride, glucose, trehalose in the whole body of larva and adult fly confirmed obesity-induced hyperglycemia. The overexpression of insulin gene (Dilp2) and tribble (trbl) gene expression confirmed insulin resistance in HFD adults. We also observed elevated ROS level, developmental delay, altered metal level, growth defects, locomotory rhythms, sleep fragmentation, and expression of circadian genes (per, tim, and clock) in HFD larva and adults. Thus, HFD impairs the metabolism to produce obesity, insulin resistance, disruption of clock, and circadian clock related co-mordities in D. melanogaster. SIGNIFICANCE The circadian gene expression provides an innovative perspective to understand and find a new treatment for type-II diabetes and circadian anomalies.
Collapse
|
22
|
Sánchez-Solís CN, Hernández-Fragoso H, Aburto-Luna V, Olivier CB, Diaz A, Brambila E, Treviño S. Kidney Adaptations Prevent Loss of Trace Elements in Wistar Rats with Early Metabolic Syndrome. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1941-1953. [PMID: 32789645 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of related metabolic abnormalities, including central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. These metabolic derangements present significant risk factors for chronic kidney disease that carries to loss of essential micronutrients, which accelerates comorbidity apparition. The work aimed was to evaluate the trace element homeostasis regarding morphological adaptations and renal function in MetS early-onset. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: (a) control group and (b) hypercaloric diet group that developed MetS early-onset after 3 months. Classical zoometric parameters do not show changes; however, biochemical modifications were observed such as hyperglycemia, protein glycation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hypoadiponectinemia. MetS early-onset group observed renal structural modifications, but no functional changes. The structural modifications observed were minimal glomerular injury, glomerular basement membrane thickening, as well as mesangial and tubular cells that showed growth and proliferation. In serum and kidney (cortex and medulla), the concentrations of Zn, Fe, Cr, Mg, Mn, Cu, Co, and Ni were no differences between the experimental groups, but excretory fractions of these were lower in the hypercaloric diet group. In conclusion, MetS early-onset coexist renal structural modification and a hyperreabsorptive activity of essential trace elements that avoid its loss; thus, the excretory fraction of oligo-elements could be used a biomarker of early renal injury caused by metabolic diseases in the clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian Neftaly Sánchez-Solís
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Hugo Hernández-Fragoso
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Violeta Aburto-Luna
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Christophe Barbier Olivier
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, México, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Diaz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Brambila
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Samuel Treviño
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Químico Clínicas, Departamento de Química Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 14 Sur. FCQ1, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P.72560, Puebla, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Odler B, Deak AT, Pregartner G, Riedl R, Bozic J, Trummer C, Prenner A, Söllinger L, Krall M, Höflechner L, Hebesberger C, Boxler MS, Berghold A, Schemmer P, Pilz S, Rosenkranz AR. Hypomagnesemia Is a Risk Factor for Infections after Kidney Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:1296. [PMID: 33919913 PMCID: PMC8070921 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is a common finding in the early phase after kidney transplantation (KT) and has been linked to immune dysfunction and infections. Data on the association of hypomagnesemia and the rate of infections in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are sparse. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of KTRs transplanted between 2005 and 2015. Laboratory data, including serum Mg2+ (median time of the Mg2+ measurement from KT: 29 days), rate of infections including mainly urinary tract infections (UTI), and common transplant-related viral infections (CMV, polyoma, EBV) in the early phase after KT were recorded. The primary outcome was the incidence of infections within one year after KT, while secondary outcomes were hospitalization due to infection, incidence rates of long-term (up to two years) infections, and all-cause mortality. RESULTS We enrolled 376 KTRs of whom 229 patients (60.9%) suffered from Mg2+ deficiency defined as a serum Mg2+ < 0.7 mmol/L. A significantly higher incidence rate of UTIs and viral infections was observed in patients with versus without Mg2+ deficiency during the first year after KT (58.5% vs. 47.6%, p = 0.039 and 69.9% vs. 51.7%, p < 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, serum Mg2+ deficiency remained an independent predictor of both UTIs and viral infections (odds ratio (OR): 1.73, 95% CI: 1.04-2.86, p = 0.035 and OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.23-3.41, p = 0.006). No group differences according to Mg2+ status in hospitalizations due to infections and infection incidence rates in the 12-24 months post-transplant were observed. In the Cox regression analysis, Mg2+ deficiency was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality (HR: 1.15, 95% CI: 0.70-1.89, p = 0.577). CONCLUSIONS KTRs suffering from Mg2+ deficiency are at increased risk of UTIs and viral infections in the first year after KT. Interventional studies investigating the effect of Mg2+ supplementation on Mg2+ deficiency and viral infections in KTRs are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balazs Odler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Andras T. Deak
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (R.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Regina Riedl
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (R.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Jasmin Bozic
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Christian Trummer
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Anna Prenner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Lukas Söllinger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Marcell Krall
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Lukas Höflechner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Carina Hebesberger
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Matias S. Boxler
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (G.P.); (R.R.); (A.B.)
| | - Peter Schemmer
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
- General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Stefan Pilz
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (C.T.); (S.P.)
| | - Alexander R. Rosenkranz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria; (B.O.); (A.T.D.); (J.B.); (A.P.); (L.S.); (M.K.); (L.H.); (C.H.); (M.S.B.)
- Transplant Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, A-8036 Graz, Austria;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The effect of magnesium supplementation on anthropometric indices: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of clinical trials. Br J Nutr 2021; 125:644-656. [PMID: 32718360 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Mg supplementation on anthropometric indices consisting of body weight, waist circumference (WC), BMI and body fat percentage. In this systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar from databases inception up to February 2020 for relevant randomised controlled trials. Quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration Tool. All the outcomes of this meta-analysis were pooled using the random effect model. Analysis of dose–response for Mg dosage was carried out using a fractional polynomial model. The systematic review and meta-analysis include twenty-eight randomised clinical trials, comprising 2013 participants. There were no significant changes in anthropometric indices after Mg supplementation in the overall analysis. However, subgroup analysis revealed that Mg supplementation decreases WC in subjects with BMI > 30 kg/m2 (obese) (twelve trials, n 997 participants; weighted mean difference = –2·09 cm, 95 % CI –4·12, –0·07, P = 0·040; I2 = 0 %). Dose–response analysis revealed a non-significant non-linear effect of supplementation dosage on anthropometric indices. The results suggest that Mg supplementation is associated with lower WC only in obese subjects. However, more high-quality studies are needed to clarify the nature of this association.
Collapse
|
25
|
The Relationship between the Concentration of Magnesium and the Presence of Depressive Symptoms and Selected Metabolic Disorders among Men over 50 Years of Age. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11030196. [PMID: 33802529 PMCID: PMC8001612 DOI: 10.3390/life11030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: changes in the concentration of magnesium influence numerous processes in the body, such as hormone and lipid metabolism, nerve conduction, a number of biochemical pathways in the brain, and metabolic cycles. As a result, changes in magnesium concentration may contribute to the emergence of such pathologies as depressive and metabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Methods: blood samples were taken from 342 men whose mean age was 61.66 ± 6.38 years. The concentrations of magnesium, lipid parameters, and glucose were determined using the spectrophotometric method. Anthropometric measurements were performed to determine each participant’s body mass index (BMI). Additionally, all participants completed two questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory and the author’s questionnaire. Results: abnormal levels of magnesium were found in 78 people. The analysis showed that these subjects more often suffered from metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), hypertension (p < 0.001), and depressive symptoms (p = 0.002) than participants with normal magnesium levels. Conclusion: our research showed that there is a relationship between abnormal levels of magnesium and the presence of self-reported conditions, such as diabetes, hypertension, and depressive symptoms among aging men. These findings may contribute to the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with these conditions.
Collapse
|
26
|
Shah IU, Sameen A, Manzoor MF, Ahmed Z, Gao J, Farooq U, Siddiqi SM, Siddique R, Habib A, Sun C, Siddeeg A. Association of dietary calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D with type 2 diabetes among US adults: National health and nutrition examination survey 2007-2014-A cross-sectional study. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1480-1490. [PMID: 33747462 PMCID: PMC7958525 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher dietary intake of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and vitamin D has been associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and a higher intracellular ratio of Ca to Mg leads to insulin resistance. Previous epidemiological studies did not examine the combined effects of dietary Ca, Mg, and vitamin D as well as ratio of Ca to Mg with T2DM. Therefore, we assessed the relationship between dietary intakes of Mg, Ca, and vitamin D (using 24-hr recalls) individually and in composite and T2DM in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2014, which involved 20,480 adults (9,977 men and 10,503 women) with comprehensive information on related nutrients, and anthropometric, demographic, and biomarker variables using multivariable logistic regression. The results indicated that dietary calcium at Q3 (812 mg/day) was significantly linked with T2DM in women (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.65). Dietary vitamin D at Q3 (5.25 μg/day) significantly reduced the odds of T2DM by 21% in men (OR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.98). This is an interesting study that has important implications for dietary recommendations. It is concluded that US adults having dietary Ca below the RDA were associated with increased risk of T2DM in all population and women, while higher ratio of Ca to Mg was associated with increased risk of T2DM in all population and increased vitamin D intake is related to decreased risk of T2DM in men. Moreover, further research is needed to make more definitive nutritional recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ullah Shah
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCollege of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Aysha Sameen
- Faculty of Food Nutrition and Home SciencesNational Institute of Food Science and TechnologyUniversity of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Zahoor Ahmed
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian Gao
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCollege of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Umar Farooq
- University Institute of Diet and Nutritional SciencesThe University of LahoreIslamabadPakistan
| | - Sultan Mehmood Siddiqi
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCollege of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Rabia Siddique
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University FaisalabadFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Adnan Habib
- Department of Human NutritionThe University of Agriculture PeshawarPeshawarPakistan
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food HygieneCollege of Public HealthHarbin Medical UniversityHeilongjiangChina
| | - Azhari Siddeeg
- Department of Food EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of GeziraWad MedaniSudan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Asbaghi O, Hosseini R, Boozari B, Ghaedi E, Kashkooli S, Moradi S. The Effects of Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Pressure and Obesity Measure Among Type 2 Diabetes Patient: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:413-424. [PMID: 32385715 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to systematically review the literature to evaluate the effects of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on blood pressure (BP) and obesity measure among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Major electronic databases of Web of Science, the Cochrane library, PubMed, and Scopus were searched completely from the inception until 15 October 2019 to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) pertaining to the topic of interest. All outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model and expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidential intervals (CI). Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were also assessed using standard methods. The pooled analysis of five RCTs showed that Mg supplementation did not affect body weight (WMD: - 0.01 kg, 95% CI: - 0.36 to 0.33), BMI (WMD: - 0.07, 95% CI: - 0.18 to 0.04), and waist circumference (WMD: 0.12, 95% CI: - 1.24 to 1.48) in T2DM patients compared to the control groups of the patients who received placebo. However, pooling seven RCTs together showed significant reduction of systolic blood pressure (WMD: - 5.78 mmHg, 95% CI: - 11.37 to - 0.19) and diastolic blood pressure (WMD: - 2.50 mmHg, 95% CI: - 4.58 to - 0.41) in T2DM patients. Furthermore, subgroup analysis by dose of intervention, intervention duration, and type of intervention suggested that Mg supplementation for > 12 weeks, in doses higher than 300 mg/day or inorganic forms, could significantly decrease both systolic and diastolic BP in T2DM patients. Based on the findings, Mg supplementation has beneficial effects on BP in type 2 diabetes patients independent of body weight status. However, further investigations are needed to provide more reliable evidences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Reza Hosseini
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Boozari
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ghaedi
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Kashkooli
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Sajjad Moradi
- Halal Research Centre of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Magnesium in Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020320. [PMID: 33499378 PMCID: PMC7912442 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) deficiency is probably the most underestimated electrolyte imbalance in Western countries. It is frequent in obese patients, subjects with type-2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, both in adulthood and in childhood. This narrative review aims to offer insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms linking Mg2+ deficiency with obesity and the risk of developing metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Literature highlights critical issues about the treatment of Mg2+ deficiency, such as the lack of a clear definition of Mg2+ nutritional status, the use of different Mg2+ salts and dosage and the different duration of the Mg2+ supplementation. Despite the lack of agreement, an appropriate dietary pattern, including the right intake of Mg2+, improves metabolic syndrome by reducing blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and hypertriglyceridemia. This occurs through the modulation of gene expression and proteomic profile as well as through a positive influence on the composition of the intestinal microbiota and the metabolism of vitamins B1 and D.
Collapse
|
29
|
Rosanoff A, Costello RB, Johnson GH. Effectively Prescribing Oral Magnesium Therapy for Hypertension: A Categorized Systematic Review of 49 Clinical Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:E195. [PMID: 33435187 PMCID: PMC7827637 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trials and meta-analyses of oral magnesium for hypertension show promising but conflicting results. An inclusive collection of 49 oral magnesium for blood pressure (BP) trials were categorized into four groups: (1) Untreated Hypertensives; (2) Uncontrolled Hypertensives; (3) Controlled Hypertensives; (4) Normotensive subjects. Each group was tabulated by ascending magnesium dose. Studies reporting statistically significant (p < 0.05) decreases in both systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) from both baseline and placebo (if reported) were labeled "Decrease"; all others were deemed "No Change." Results: Studies of Untreated Hypertensives (20 studies) showed BP "Decrease" only when Mg dose was >600 mg/day; <50% of the studies at 120-486 mg Mg/day showed SBP or DBP decreases but not both while others at this Mg dosage showed no change in either BP measure. In contrast, all magnesium doses (240-607 mg/day) showed "Decrease" in 10 studies on Uncontrolled Hypertensives. Controlled Hypertensives, Normotensives and "magnesium-replete" studies showed "No Change" even at high magnesium doses (>600 mg/day). Where magnesium did not lower BP, other cardiovascular risk factors showed improvement. Conclusion: Controlled Hypertensives and Normotensives do not show a BP-lowering effect with oral Mg therapy, but oral magnesium (≥240 mg/day) safely lowers BP in Uncontrolled Hypertensive patients taking antihypertensive medications, while >600 mg/day magnesium is required to safely lower BP in Untreated Hypertensives; <600 mg/day for non-medicated hypertensives may not lower both SBP and DBP but may safely achieve other risk factor improvements without antihypertensive medication side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Rosanoff
- CMER Center for Magnesium Education &Research, Pahoa, HI 96778, USA;
| | | | - Guy H. Johnson
- Johnson Nutrition Solutions LLC, Minneapolis, MN 55416, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Tao MH, Fulda KG. Association of Magnesium Intake with Liver Fibrosis among Adults in the United States. Nutrients 2021; 13:E142. [PMID: 33401667 PMCID: PMC7823345 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis represents the consequences of chronic liver injury. Individuals with alcoholic or nonalcoholic liver diseases are at high risk of magnesium deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the association between magnesium and calcium intakes and significant liver fibrosis, and whether the associations differ by alcohol drinking status. Based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2018, the study included 4166 participants aged >18 years who completed the transient elastography examination and had data available on magnesium intake. The median liver stiffness of 8.2 kPa was used to identify subjects with significant fibrosis (≥F2). The age-adjusted prevalence of significant fibrosis was 12.81%. Overall total magnesium intake was marginally associated with reduced odds of significant fibrosis (p trend = 0.14). The inverse association of total magnesium intake with significant fibrosis was primarily presented among those who had daily calcium intake <1200 mg. There were no clear associations for significant fibrosis with calcium intake. Findings suggest that high total magnesium alone may reduce risk of significant fibrosis. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Tao
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Kimberly G. Fulda
- Department of Family Medicine and Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine, NorTex, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ahmed MH, Wilkens MR, Ganter M, Breves G. Serum parameters related to mineral homeostasis and energy metabolism in ewes kept on different dietary magnesium supply during the transition period. Res Vet Sci 2020; 134:19-26. [PMID: 33278756 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of dietary magnesium supplementation on mineral status and intermediary metabolism of ewes during the transition period (TP). For this purpose, 19 pregnant ewes (2nd and 3rd lactation) were divided into a control group (Con, n = 9) kept on a daily magnesium intake of approximately 3.0 g ante-partum (a.p.) and 5.0 g post-partum (p.p.), and a magnesium group (Mg, n = 10, 4.2 g a.p., 7.7 g p.p.). Blood was collected at day (d) 30 a.p., d 14 a.p., d 1 p.p., d 14 p.p. and d 30 p.p., respectively. Serum levels of total magnesium were not affected by the treatment. In Con animals, serum levels of total calcium and phosphate were lower at d 1 p.p. in comparison to d 30 a.p. (P ≤ 0.05). Only in Con ewes, serum glucose levels showed significant fluctuations throughout the entire observation period (P ˂ 0.05) and were correlated negatively with those of beta-hydroxybutyrate (r2: 0.70; P < 0.01, r2: 0.76; P < 0.01) and positively with insulin (r2: 0.46; P < 0.05, r2: 0.59; P < 0.05) on d 30 and 14 a.p., respectively. At d 30 p.p., serum insulin levels were lower in the Mg group compared to the Con group (P < 0.05). As serum concentrations of calcium, phosphate and glucose seemed more stable throughout the TP, magnesium supplementation might be an approach to promote metabolic health in ewes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona H Ahmed
- Institute of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover D-30173, Germany
| | - Mirja R Wilkens
- Institute of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover D-30173, Germany.
| | - Martin Ganter
- Clinic for Swine, Small Ruminants and Forensic Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover D-30173, Germany
| | - Gerhard Breves
- Institute of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bischofsholer Damm 15, Hannover D-30173, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
van der Burgh AC, Moes A, Kieboom BCT, van Gelder T, Zietse R, van Schaik RHN, Hesselink DA, Hoorn EJ. Serum magnesium, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β genotype and post-transplant diabetes mellitus: a prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2020; 35:176-183. [PMID: 31361318 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfz145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective studies suggest that tacrolimus-induced hypomagnesaemia is a risk factor for post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM), but prospective studies are lacking. METHODS This was a prospective study with measurements of serum magnesium and tacrolimus at pre-specified time points in the first year after living donor kidney transplantation (KT). The role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) was also explored because HNF1β regulates insulin secretion and renal magnesium handling. Repeated measurement and regression analyses were used to analyse associations with PTDM. RESULTS In our cohort, 29 out of 167 kidney transplant recipients developed PTDM after 1 year (17%). Higher tacrolimus concentrations were significantly associated with lower serum magnesium and increased risk of hypomagnesaemia. Patients who developed PTDM had a significantly lower serum magnesium trajectory than patients who did not develop PTDM. In multivariate analysis, lower serum magnesium, age and body mass index were independent risk factors for PTDM. In recipients, the HNF1β SNP rs752010 G > A significantly increased the risk of PTDM [odds ratio (OR) = 2.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-6.23] but not of hypomagnesaemia. This association lost significance after correction for age and sex (OR = 2.24, 95% CI 0.90-5.57). No association between HNF1β SNPs and PTDM was found in corresponding donors. CONCLUSIONS A lower serum magnesium in the first year after KT is an independent risk factor for PTDM. The HNF1β SNP rs752010 G > A may add to this risk through an effect on insulin secretion rather than hypomagnesaemia, but its role requires further confirmation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna C van der Burgh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur Moes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brenda C T Kieboom
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teun van Gelder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Zietse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H N van Schaik
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis A Hesselink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology & Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Farsinejad-Marj M, Azadbakht L, Mardanian F, Saneei P, Esmaillzadeh A. Clinical and Metabolic Responses to Magnesium Supplementation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:349-358. [PMID: 31960275 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We hypothesized that magnesium supplementation might help improve metabolic profiles and clinical symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) through its role in insulin action. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of magnesium supplementation on metabolic profiles and levels of sex hormones in women with PCOS. In this parallel randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 60 women with PCOS aged 20-45 years were recruited. After stratification for body mass index (BMI), age, and types of medications, participants were randomly assigned to consume magnesium supplements (containing 250 mg magnesium oxide) or placebo for 8 weeks. To assess biochemical indicators, a venous blood sample was taken after an overnight fasting. The mean age of study participants was 26.4 years. We found that magnesium supplementation for 8 weeks among women with PCOS had favorable effects on BMI compared with the placebo group (changes from baseline in intervention group: - 0.31 ± 0.07 vs. 0.07 ± 0.09 kg/m2 in control group). In addition, the supplementation lead to preventing the increase in waist circumference in intervention group compared with the control group (0.02 vs. 1.15 cm). No significant effects on glycemic variables and lipid profile were seen following the magnesium supplementation. A significant increase in serum LH levels in intervention group and a decrease in placebo group were observed (P = 0.01). Although we found a significant decrease in serum testosterone levels in intervention and placebo groups, comparing the changes between the two groups, a marginally significant difference in serum testosterone levels was found (51.65 vs. 47.80 in intervention, 43.41 vs. 39.46 in placebo, P = 0.08). A significant increase in serum dehydroepiandrogens (DHEA) (136.32 vs. 172.37 intervention, 102.74 vs. 120.15 placebo, P = 0.01) was seen in two groups. Magnesium supplementation had no significant effects on FSH, 17OH-progesteron, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and free androgen index (FAI) levels. We found evidence indicating that magnesium supplementation did not influence serum lipid profiles and glycemic indicators among women with PCOS. Magnesium supplementation resulted in reduced BMI and testosterone levels as well as increased DHEA concentrations in women with PCOS. Also, magnesium supplementation may increase serum LH levels. ClinicalTrials.gov IRCT registration no. NCT02178150.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Farsinejad-Marj
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Mardanian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 81745-151, Isfahan, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Askari M, Mozaffari H, Jafari A, Ghanbari M, Darooghegi Mofrad M. The effects of magnesium supplementation on obesity measures in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2921-2937. [PMID: 32654500 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1790498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies reported inconsistent findings regarding the effects of magnesium supplementation on obesity measures. This study was done to quantify the effect of magnesium supplementation on body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), Body Fat (BF) percentage and Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR). Four online databases (Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library) were searched until March 2020 using relevant keywords. Random-effects model was used to pool effect sizes; Cochran's Q-test and I2 index assessed heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis and Egger test were used to check the robustness of findings and the possibility of publication bias, respectively. Thirty-two RCTs including different dosage of magnesium (48-450 mg/d), and duration (6-24 weeks) were entered to this study. Magnesium supplementation resulted in a great reduction in BMI [Weighted Mean Difference (WMD): -0.21 kg/m2, 95% CI: -0.41, -0.001, P = 0.048, I2 = 89.5%, n = 22], which was mainly driven by the effect among those with magnesium deficiency, insulin resistance related disorders, and obesity at baseline. No significant change was observed in bodyweight, WC, BF percentage and WHR as compared to controls. However, the change in body weight, and WC was significant in subgroups of participants with insulin resistance related disorders, hypertension, obesity, magnesium deficiency at baseline, and females. We found a significant reduction in BMI following magnesium supplementation. The change in body weight and WC were evident in certain subgroups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Mozaffari
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alireza Jafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | - Mahtab Ghanbari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR
| | - Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao B, Deng H, Li B, Chen L, Zou F, Hu L, Wei Y, Zhang W. Association of magnesium consumption with type 2 diabetes and glucose metabolism: A systematic review and pooled study with trial sequential analysis. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2020; 36:e3243. [PMID: 31758631 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D) with diet or diet supplementation is challenging. This article aims to draw conclusive associations between magnesium intake and T2D incidence and evaluate the effect of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism. Databases were searched for related articles from inception to May 15, 2019. Prospective cohort studies investigating the relevant relationship as well as randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of magnesium supplementation were eligible. We conducted trial sequential analysis (TSA) to prove the sufficiency of the current evidence. Twenty-six publications involving 35 cohorts were included in the analysis. Compared to the lowest magnesium intake, the highest level was associated with a 22% lower risk for T2D; the risk was reduced by 6% for each 100 mg increment in daily magnesium intake. Additional analysis of 26 RCTs (1168 participants) was performed, revealing that magnesium supplementation significantly reduced the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level (SMD, -0.32 [95% CI, -0.59 to -0.05], 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (2-h OGTT) result (SMD, -0.30 [-0.58 to -0.02]), fasting insulin level (SMD, -0.17 [-0.30 to -0.04]), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score (SMD, -0.41 [-0.71 to -0.11]), triglyceride (TG) level, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). TSA showed an inverse association, with most benefits of magnesium supplementation on glucose metabolism being stable. In conclusion, magnesium intake has an inverse dose-response association with T2D incidence, and supplementation appears to be advisable in terms of glucose parameters in T2D/high-risk individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang Zou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wenxiong Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Natural Magnesium-Enriched Deep-Sea Water Improves Insulin Resistance and the Lipid Profile of Prediabetic Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020515. [PMID: 32085495 PMCID: PMC7071302 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that the antidiabetic effect of balanced deep-sea water (BDSW) works through the suppression of hyperglycemia and improvement of glucose tolerance. Based on these promising results, we conducted an eight week randomized, double-blinded crossover trial of the effects of BDSW in prediabetic adults. The subjects consumed 440 mL of BDSW (hardness 4000) per day, and maintained an otherwise normal lifestyle and diet throughout. Efficacy assessments were made by measuring fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin, lipid metabolism indicators, and physical metrics, along with safety assessments. Fasting insulin and HOMA-IR values of the BDSW group were significantly lower than those of the placebo group after eight weeks of BDSW ingestion. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol were also significantly decreased in the BDSW group after eight weeks of BDSW ingestion compared with the placebo group. There were no statistically and clinically meaningful changes in adverse events, physical examination, laboratory medicine examination, or vital signs of the BDSW intake group. These results suggested that the intake of BDSW in prediabetic adults can improve glucose metabolism and lipid profiles and is safe for human consumption.
Collapse
|
37
|
Shamnani G, Bhartiy SS, Jiwane R, Gupta V, Verma N, Verma D. Correlation of Serum Magnesium with Insulin Resistance in North Indian Adult Population. Curr Diabetes Rev 2020; 16:254-261. [PMID: 30332968 DOI: 10.2174/1573399814666181016164432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globalization has lead to such lifestyle changes which have produced increase in incidence and prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Magnesium is found to have some role in glucose metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum magnesium levels with insulin resistance in apparently healthy adults. OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to evaluate correlation of serum magnesium with fasting blood sugar, insulin level and Homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index (indicator of insulin resistance) on the basis of the hypothesis that subjects with hypomagnesaemia are more prone to develop hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was a cross-sectional study which was population based. Total 130 apparently healthy adults of age between 25-65 years, were recruited with prior ethical approval and written informed consent. RESULTS Serum magnesium was found to be negatively correlated with fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin level and HOMA-IR. Co-relation of magnesium with FBS (r = -0.55, p<0.0001), insulin (r = -0.45, p< 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (r = -0.52, p<0.0001) was significant. CONCLUSION As per findings it was concluded that serum magnesium was found to have significant negative correlation with fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin and HOMA-IR, thus hypomagnesaemia can be suggested to be one of the important predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shekhawat S Bhartiy
- World Health Organization, National Public Health Surveillance Project, Bhopal, India
| | - Rekha Jiwane
- World Health Organization, National Public Health Surveillance Project, Bhopal, India
| | - Vani Gupta
- Department of Physiology, RKDF MCH & RC, Bhopal, India
- Department of Physiology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Narsingh Verma
- Department of Physiology, RKDF MCH & RC, Bhopal, India
- Department of Physiology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Dileep Verma
- Department of Physiology, RKDF MCH & RC, Bhopal, India
- Department of Physiology, King Georges Medical University, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Okukpon J, Okukpon O. Tear electrolyte assessment of diabetic patients in Southern Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:2839-2845. [PMID: 32127859 PMCID: PMC7040349 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tears are a critical body extracellular fluid coating the surface epithelial cells of the cornea and conjunctiva, and providing the optically smooth surface necessary for refraction of light onto the retina. The biological and chemical properties of tears change in response to systemic disease. Objectives This study assessed the concentration of calcium, magnesium and phosphate levels in tears of diabetics. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study involving twenty diabetics visiting Department for Health Services, University of Benin and forty non-diabetics within the University between 35 to 65 years participated in the study. Calcium, magnesium and phosphorous were analysed in tears sample collected with 75mm glass capillary tubes. Results The fasting blood sugar (FBS) and age of diabetic patients was 7.48±1.88mmol/l and 56.75±5.82years and non-diabetics was 4.83±0.52mmol/l and 53.58±6.16years respectively. Magnesium showed no differences (P<0.05) between diabetics (0.76±0.45mmol/l) and non-diabetics (0.93±0.59mmol/l). Calcium was elevated (P=0.041) and phosphate (P=0.044) was decreased in diabetics (3.14±1.65mmol/l and 0.074±0.058mmol/l) than non-diabetics (2.41±1.05mmol/l and 0.11±0.081mmol/l). Conclusion This study concluded that being diabetic can affect the levels of some tear electrolytes in the tear fluid which may lead to an increased risk of diabetic ocular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juno Okukpon
- University of Benin, Department of Optometry; Applied Environmental Bioscience and Public Health Research Group, Life Sciences, University of Benin
| | - Oziegbe Okukpon
- Okukpon, Oziegbe; Irrua specialist teaching hospital, Department of Community Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ajith TA. Possible therapeutic effect of magnesium in ocular diseases. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 31:/j/jbcpp.ahead-of-print/jbcpp-2019-0107/jbcpp-2019-0107.xml. [PMID: 31730524 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is one of the major elements required to maintain normal metabolism and ionic balances in ocular tissues. The physiological role of Mg2+ is mediated through maintaining the Na+-K+-ATPase on membrane, favoring energy-generating reactions, replication of DNA and protein synthesis. Despite the wide availability of this element, hypomagnesemia has been associated with many human ailments. Recent studies highlighted the association of hypomagnesemia and, thereby, supplementation of Mg2+ in the management of eye diseases. Glaucoma, senile cataract and diabetic retinopathy were associated with low level of extracellular Mg2+. The neurovascular protective effects of Mg2+ mediated through activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and inhibition of endothelin-1 eventually result in vasodilatation of retinal vessels. Mg2+ can maintain the lens sodium pump activity and antioxidant status and block the calcium channels and release of glutamate in nerve endings. Furthermore, it can prevent the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells. All these effects contribute to its being a pharmacological agent against ocular diseases. However, clinical trials are scant. This article discusses the role of Mg2+ as a possible therapeutic agent in the management of glaucoma, cataract and diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thekkuttuparambil A Ajith
- Department of Biochemistry, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Amala Nagar, Thrissur 680 555, Kerala, India
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hypomagnesemia is associated with new-onset diabetes mellitus following heart transplantation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:132. [PMID: 31604444 PMCID: PMC6787962 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality following heart transplantation (HT), with 21% and 35% of survivors being affected within 1 and 5 years following HT, respectively. Magnesium deficiency is common among HT patients treated with calcineurin inhibitors and is a known risk factor for DM in non-HT patients. We therefore investigated the association between serum Mg (s-Mg) levels and new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT). METHODS Between 2002 and 2017, 102 non-DM HT patients were assessed. In accordance with the mean value of all s-Mg levels recorded during the first year post-HT, patients were divided into high s-Mg (≥ 1.8 mg/dL) and low s-Mg (< 1.8 mg/dL) groups. The endpoint was NODAT, defined according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association. RESULTS Baseline clinical and demographic characteristics for the high (n = 45) and low s-Mg (n = 57) groups were similar. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that 15-year freedom from NODAT was significantly higher among patients with high vs low s-Mg (85% vs 46% log-rank test, p < 0.001). Consistently, multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, immunosuppression therapies, BMI and mean creatinine values in the first year post-HT, showed that low s-Mg was independently associated with a significant > 8-fold increased risk for NODAT (95% CI 2.15-32.63, p = 0.003). Stroke rate was significantly higher in patients with low s-Mg levels vs high s-Mg (14% vs 0, p = 0.025), as well as long term mortality (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.02-6.77, p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Low s-Mg level post-HT is an independent risk factor for NODAT in HT patients. The implications of interventions, focusing on preventing or correcting low s-Mg, for the risk of NODAT and for clinical outcomes should be evaluated.
Collapse
|
41
|
Gomes-Neto AW, Osté MCJ, Sotomayor CG, V D Berg E, Geleijnse JM, Gans ROB, Bakker SJL, Navis GJ. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Posttransplantation Diabetes in Renal Transplant Recipients. Diabetes Care 2019; 42:1645-1652. [PMID: 31296643 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posttransplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) contributes to risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients (RTRs). In the general population, consumption of a diet containing few fruits and vegetables predisposes to type 2 diabetes. The role of diet as a potential modifiable risk factor for PTDM has not been explored. Our focus was to investigate the prospective associations of fruit and vegetable intake with risk of PTDM in stable RTRs. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included 472 adult RTRs who had a functioning graft ≥1 year. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed by using a 177-item food frequency questionnaire. PTDM was defined according the American Diabetes Association's diagnostic criteria for diabetes. RESULTS During 5.2 years of follow-up, 52 RTRs (11%) developed PTDM. Fruit intake was not associated with PTDM (hazard ratio [HR] 0.90 [95% CI 0.79-1.03] per 2log g/day; P = 0.13), whereas vegetable intake was inversely associated with PTDM (HR 0.77 [95% CI 0.63-0.94] per 2log g/day; P = 0.009). Mediation analyses revealed that ±50% of the association between vegetable intake and PTDM was mediated by variations in key components of the metabolic syndrome (i.e., HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and waist circumference) as determined by the National Cholesterol Education Program's Adult Treatment Panel III Expert Panel. CONCLUSIONS In this study vegetable intake, but not fruit intake, was associated with lower risk of PTDM in RTRs, likely largely through beneficial effects on key components of the metabolic syndrome. These findings further support accumulating evidence that supports a recommendation of higher vegetable intake by RTRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- António W Gomes-Neto
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maryse C J Osté
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Camilo G Sotomayor
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Else V D Berg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Reinold O B Gans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerjan J Navis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hibler EA, Zhu X, Shrubsole MJ, Hou L, Dai Q. Physical activity, dietary calcium to magnesium intake and mortality in the National Health and Examination Survey 1999-2006 cohort. Int J Cancer 2019; 146:2979-2986. [PMID: 31433866 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Calcium and magnesium affect muscle mass and function. Magnesium and calcium are also important for optimal vitamin D status. Vitamin D status modifies the associations between physical activity and risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. However, no study examined whether levels of magnesium and calcium and the ratio of dietary calcium to magnesium (Ca:Mg) intake modify the relationship between physical activity and mortality. We included 20,295 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants (1999-2006) aged >20 years with complete dietary, physical activity and mortality data (2,663 deaths). We assessed physical activity based on public health guidelines and sex-specific tertiles of MET-minutes/week. We used Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding factors and stratified by the intakes of magnesium, calcium, Ca:Mg ratio. We found higher physical activity was significantly associated with reduced risk of total mortality and cause-specific mortality, regardless of Ca:Mg ratio, magnesium or calcium intake. In contrast, both moderate and high physical activity were significantly associated with substantially reduced risks of mortality due to cancer when magnesium intake was above the RDA level. We also found higher physical activity was significantly associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to cancer only when Ca:Mg ratios were between 1.7 and 2.6, although the interaction was not significant. Overall, dietary magnesium and, potentially, the Ca:Mg ratio modify the relationship between physical activity and cause-specific mortality. Further study is important to understand the modifying effects of the balance between calcium and magnesium intake on physical activity for chronic disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Hibler
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.,Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Xiangzhu Zhu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Martha J Shrubsole
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Lifang Hou
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Qi Dai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Schutten JC, Joris PJ, Mensink RP, Danel RM, Goorman F, Heiner-Fokkema MR, Weersma RK, Keyzer CA, de Borst MH, Bakker SJL. Effects of magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate supplementation on arterial stiffness in healthy overweight individuals: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:295. [PMID: 31138315 PMCID: PMC6540466 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3414-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arterial stiffness is closely related to the process of atherosclerosis, an independent cardiovascular risk factor, and predictive of future cardiovascular events and mortality. Recently, we showed that magnesium citrate supplementation results in a clinically relevant improvement of arterial stiffness. It remained unclear whether the observed effect was due to magnesium or citrate, and whether other magnesium compounds may have similar effects. Therefore, we aim to study the long-term effects of magnesium citrate, magnesium oxide and magnesium sulfate on arterial stiffness. In addition, we aim to investigate possible underlying mechanisms, including changes in blood pressure and changes in gut microbiota diversity. Methods In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a total of 162 healthy overweight and slightly obese men and women will be recruited. During a 24-week intervention, individuals will be randomized to receive: magnesium citrate; magnesium oxide; magnesium sulfate (total daily dose of magnesium for each active treatment 450 mg); or placebo. The primary outcome of the study is arterial stiffness measured by the carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWVc–f), which is the gold standard for quantifying arterial stiffness. Secondary outcomes are office blood pressure, measured by a continuous blood pressure monitoring device, and gut microbiota, measured in fecal samples. Measurements will be performed at baseline and at weeks 2, 12 and 24. Discussion The present study is expected to provide evidence for the effects of different available magnesium formulations (organic and inorganic) on well-established cardiovascular risk markers, including arterial stiffness and blood pressure, as well as on the human gut microbiota. As such, the study may contribute to the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in slightly obese, but otherwise healthy, individuals. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03632590. Retrospectively registered on 15 August 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3414-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle C Schutten
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter J Joris
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald P Mensink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - M Rebecca Heiner-Fokkema
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A Keyzer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin H de Borst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan J L Bakker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Rashvand S, Mobasseri M, Tarighat-Esfanjani A. The Effects of Choline and Magnesium Co-Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters, Inflammation, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:714-721. [PMID: 31012803 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1599745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To our knowledge, no study has investigated the effects of choline and magnesium co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was investigation of the effects of the choline and magnesium co-supplementation on metabolic parameters, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in patients with T2DM.Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial was carried out among 96 diabetic patients. Ninety-six patients were randomly assigned to either choline, magnesium, choline-magnesium, or placebo for 2 months. Anthropometric measurement; metabolic, inflammatory, and endothelial markers; dietary intake; and physical activity were assessed at baseline and after treatment.Results: There was a significant change in serum magnesium in both magnesium and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). Also, significant changes were observed in interleukin (IL)-6 levels in magnesium and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). Moreover, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) levels decreased in choline and choline-magnesium groups (p < 0.05). When adjusted for potential confounders, inflammation and endothelial factors (IL-6 and VCAM-1) decreased significantly in the choline-magnesium group as compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Compared to baseline values there were no significant differences in all anthropometric measurements and metabolic factors among four groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions: Choline and magnesium co-supplementation was more effective in improving inflammation and endothelial dysfunction than supplementation with choline or magnesium alone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Rashvand
- Nutrition Research Center, Student Research Committee, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Mobasseri
- Professor, Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarighat-Esfanjani
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kostov K. Effects of Magnesium Deficiency on Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes: Focusing on the Processes of Insulin Secretion and Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061351. [PMID: 30889804 PMCID: PMC6470576 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium (Mg2+) is an essential mineral for human health and plays an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and insulin actions. Despite the widespread clinical evidences for the association of Mg2+ deficiency (MgD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), molecular mechanisms by which Mg2+ contributes to insulin resistance (IR) are still under discussion. Mg2+ regulates electrical activity and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Intracellular Mg2+ concentrations are critical for the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and other downstream signal kinases of the target cells. Low Mg2+ levels result in a defective tyrosine kinase activity, post-receptor impairment in insulin action, altered cellular glucose transport, and decreased cellular glucose utilization, which promotes peripheral IR in T2D. MgD triggers chronic systemic inflammation that also potentiates IR. People with T2D may end up in a vicious circle in which MgD increases IR and IR causes MgD, that requires periodic monitoring of serum Mg2+ levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krasimir Kostov
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University-Pleven, 1 Kliment Ohridski Str., 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fowke JH, Koyama T, Dai Q, Zheng SL, Xu J, Howard LE, Freedland SJ. Blood and dietary magnesium levels are not linked with lower prostate cancer risk in black or white men. Cancer Lett 2019; 449:99-105. [PMID: 30776477 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest a diet low in dietary magnesium intake or lower blood magnesium levels is linked with increased prostate cancer risk. This study investigates the race-specific link between blood magnesium and calcium levels, or dietary magnesium intake, and the diagnosis of low-grade and high-grade prostate cancer. The study included 637 prostate cancer cases and 715 biopsy-negative controls (50% black) recruited from Nashville, TN or Durham, NC. Blood was collected at the time of recruitment, and dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. Percent genetic African ancestry was determined as a compliment to self-reported race. Blood magnesium levels and dietary magnesium intake were significantly lower in black compared to white men. However, magnesium levels or intake were not associated with risk of total prostate cancer or aggressive prostate cancer. Indeed, a higher calcium-to-magnesium diet intake was significantly protective for high-grade prostate cancer in black (OR = 0.66 (0.45, 0.96), p = 0.03) but not white (OR = 1.00 (0.79, 1.26), p = 0.99) men. In summary, there was a statistically significant difference in magnesium intake between black and white men, but the biological impact was unclear, and we did not confirm a lower prostate cancer risk associated with magnesium levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay H Fowke
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, USA.
| | - Tatsuki Koyama
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Qi Dai
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - S Lilly Zheng
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Program for Personalized Cancer Care, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.
| | - Lauren E Howard
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Surgery Section, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Stephen J Freedland
- Surgery Section, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Solati M, Kazemi L, Shahabi Majd N, Keshavarz M, Pouladian N, Soltani N. Oral herbal supplement containing magnesium sulfate improve metabolic control and insulin resistance in non-diabetic overweight patients: A randomized double blind clinical trial. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2019; 33:2. [PMID: 31086781 PMCID: PMC6504991 DOI: 10.34171/mjiri.33.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Magnesium deficiency plays a key role in obesity and decreases insulin sensitivity. In our previous study, significant evidence was provided for the contribution of oral Mg supplement that could improve insulin sensitivity and body weight in animal trials. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an herbal supplement containing 300 mg magnesium sulfate on lipid profile, as well as insulin resistance and secretion in overweight patients. Methods: Seventy overweight non-diabetic volunteers with Body Mass Index (BMI) >28 kg/m2 were included in a randomized double blind placebo-controlled clinical trial (ethic number HUMS REC.1394.57) and registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT2012110124756N2 with registration number 24756). They received either placebo or an herbal supplement capsule containing 300 mg magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) for 6 months on a daily basis. Metabolic control, lipid profile and magnesium status were determined at baseline and every three months. Student t-test, repeated measure ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to compare the groups. Results: There was no significant difference between groups before intervention, but daily Mg supplement for 6 months significantly improved fasting insulin level (6.71±0.11 to 6.27±0.3 three months after Mg therapy, p<0.01 vs. 6.41±0.11 in control group (5.83±0.063) six months after Mg therapy, p< 0.0001), HOMA-IR (1.52±0.03 )in control group to 1.36±0.03 after three months Mg therapy, p<0.05 vs 1.37±0.05 in control group to 1.22±0.02 six months after Mg therapy, p< 0.05), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (43.57±0.82 in control group to 43.91±1.92 three months after Mg therapy, p<0.001vs 43.57±0.82 in control group to 46±0.88 six months after Mg therapy, <0.01), triglyceride (TG) (163.17±6.1 in control group to 141.2±5.84 six months after g therapy, p<0.05) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (112.62±3.41 in control group to 104.42±2.35 six months after Mg therapy, p<0.05). Conclusion: Oral herbal supplement containing MgSO4 (300 mg/day) could improve plasma insulin level, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in non-diabetic overweight volunteers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Solati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Leila Kazemi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Naghi Shahabi Majd
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Keshavarz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Pouladian
- English Language Department, school of medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Nepton Soltani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sci-ences, Isfahan, Iran, & Cardiovascular Research Center for Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
ELDerawi WA, Naser IA, Taleb MH, Abutair AS. The Effects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Glycemic Response among Type 2 Diabetes Patients. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010044. [PMID: 30587761 PMCID: PMC6356710 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Magnesium (Mg) supplementation may help control glycemic response among type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients. Objective: This study means to determine whether Mg supplementation improves glycemic control indicators in patients with T2D. Methods: After one week of the dietary stabilization phase, 42 T2D patients were stratified according to sex, age, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and Mg levels and then randomly allocated into two groups. The intervention group was on 250 mg/day of elemental Mg for three months while the control group did not receive any type of supplements throughout the intervention period. Results: The daily administration of 250 mg of elemental Mg indicated a significant improvement in HbA1C (8.32 to 7.96%, p < 0.001), insulin levels (IL) (15.56 to 12.18 μIU/mL, p < 0.001), C-peptide (2.28 to 1.90 ng/mL, p = 0.001), HOMA.IR (6.16 to 4.44, p < 0.001) and HOMA.β% (59.99 to 52.37, p = 0.036) of the intervention group when compared with the control group after three months of intervention. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that oral Mg supplementation reduces insulin resistance and improves the glycemic control indicators among T2D patients. Trial registration: current controlled trials PHRC/HC/32/15. Registered 5 October 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A ELDerawi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Jamal Abdl Naser St., P.O. Box 1277, Gaza, Gaza Strip 00970, Palestine.
| | - Ihab A Naser
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Jamal Abdl Naser St., P.O. Box 1277, Gaza, Gaza Strip 00970, Palestine.
| | - Mahmmoud H Taleb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Jamal Abdl Naser St., P.O. Box 1277, Gaza, Gaza Strip 00970, Palestine.
| | - Ayman S Abutair
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Azhar University-Gaza, Jamal Abdl Naser St., P.O. Box 1277, Gaza, Gaza Strip 00970, Palestine.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yeung S, Soliternik J, Mazzola N. Nutritional supplements for the prevention of diabetes mellitus and its complications. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION & INTERMEDIARY METABOLISM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
|
50
|
Martis R, Crowther CA, Shepherd E, Alsweiler J, Downie MR, Brown J. Treatments for women with gestational diabetes mellitus: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018; 8:CD012327. [PMID: 30103263 PMCID: PMC6513179 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012327.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful treatments for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have the potential to improve health outcomes for women with GDM and their babies. OBJECTIVES To provide a comprehensive synthesis of evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews of the benefits and harms associated with interventions for treating GDM on women and their babies. METHODS We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (5 January 2018) for reviews of treatment/management for women with GDM. Reviews of pregnant women with pre-existing diabetes were excluded.Two overview authors independently assessed reviews for inclusion, quality (AMSTAR; ROBIS), quality of evidence (GRADE), and extracted data. MAIN RESULTS We included 14 reviews. Of these, 10 provided relevant high-quality and low-risk of bias data (AMSTAR and ROBIS) from 128 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), 27 comparisons, 17,984 women, 16,305 babies, and 1441 children. Evidence ranged from high- to very low-quality (GRADE). Only one effective intervention was found for treating women with GDM.EffectiveLifestyle versus usual careLifestyle intervention versus usual care probably reduces large-for-gestational age (risk ratio (RR) 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50 to 0.71; 6 RCTs, N = 2994; GRADE moderate-quality).PromisingNo evidence for any outcome for any comparison could be classified to this category.Ineffective or possibly harmful Lifestyle versus usual careLifestyle intervention versus usual care probably increases the risk of induction of labour (IOL) suggesting possible harm (average RR 1.20, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.46; 4 RCTs, N = 2699; GRADE moderate-quality).Exercise versus controlExercise intervention versus control for return to pre-pregnancy weight suggested ineffectiveness (body mass index, BMI) MD 0.11 kg/m², 95% CI -1.04 to 1.26; 3 RCTs, N = 254; GRADE moderate-quality).Insulin versus oral therapyInsulin intervention versus oral therapy probably increases the risk of IOL suggesting possible harm (RR 1.3, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.75; 3 RCTs, N = 348; GRADE moderate-quality).Probably ineffective or harmful interventionsInsulin versus oral therapyFor insulin compared to oral therapy there is probably an increased risk of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 1.89, 95% CI 1.14 to 3.12; 4 RCTs, N = 1214; GRADE moderate-quality).InconclusiveLifestyle versus usual careThe evidence for childhood adiposity kg/m² (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.11; 3 RCTs, N = 767; GRADE moderate-quality) and hypoglycaemia was inconclusive (average RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.52; 6 RCTs, N = 3000; GRADE moderate-quality).Exercise versus controlThe evidence for caesarean section (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.16; 5 RCTs, N = 316; GRADE moderate quality) and perinatal death or serious morbidity composite was inconclusive (RR 0.56, 95% CI 0.12 to 2.61; 2 RCTs, N = 169; GRADE moderate-quality).Insulin versus oral therapyThe evidence for the following outcomes was inconclusive: pre-eclampsia (RR 1.14, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.52; 10 RCTs, N = 2060), caesarean section (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.14; 17 RCTs, N = 1988), large-for-gestational age (average RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.35; 13 RCTs, N = 2352), and perinatal death or serious morbidity composite (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.84 to 1.26; 2 RCTs, N = 760). GRADE assessment was moderate-quality for these outcomes.Insulin versus dietThe evidence for perinatal mortality was inconclusive (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.33; 4 RCTs, N = 1137; GRADE moderate-quality).Insulin versus insulinThe evidence for insulin aspart versus lispro for risk of caesarean section was inconclusive (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.09; 3 RCTs, N = 410; GRADE moderate quality).No conclusions possibleNo conclusions were possible for: lifestyle versus usual care (perineal trauma, postnatal depression, neonatal adiposity, number of antenatal visits/admissions); diet versus control (pre-eclampsia, caesarean section); myo-inositol versus placebo (hypoglycaemia); metformin versus glibenclamide (hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, pregnancy-induced hypertension, death or serious morbidity composite, insulin versus oral therapy (development of type 2 diabetes); intensive management versus routine care (IOL, large-for-gestational age); post- versus pre-prandial glucose monitoring (large-for-gestational age). The evidence ranged from moderate-, low- and very low-quality. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Currently there is insufficient high-quality evidence about the effects on health outcomes of relevance for women with GDM and their babies for many of the comparisons in this overview comparing treatment interventions for women with GDM. Lifestyle changes (including as a minimum healthy eating, physical activity and self-monitoring of blood sugar levels) was the only intervention that showed possible health improvements for women and their babies. Lifestyle interventions may result in fewer babies being large. Conversely, in terms of harms, lifestyle interventions may also increase the number of inductions. Taking insulin was also associated with an increase in hypertensive disorders, when compared to oral therapy. There was very limited information on long-term health and health services costs. Further high-quality research is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Martis
- The University of AucklandLiggins InstitutePark RoadGraftonAucklandNew Zealand1142
| | - Caroline A Crowther
- The University of AucklandLiggins InstitutePark RoadGraftonAucklandNew Zealand1142
- The University of AdelaideARCH: Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and GynaecologyWomen's and Children's Hospital72 King William RoadAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia5006
| | - Emily Shepherd
- The University of AdelaideARCH: Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, Robinson Research Institute, Discipline of Obstetrics and GynaecologyWomen's and Children's Hospital72 King William RoadAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia5006
| | - Jane Alsweiler
- Auckland HospitalNeonatal Intensive Care UnitPark Rd.AucklandNew Zealand
| | - Michelle R Downie
- Southland HospitalDepartment of MedicineKew RoadInvercargillSouthlandNew Zealand9840
| | - Julie Brown
- The University of AucklandDepartment of Obstetrics and GynaecologyPark RdGraftonAucklandNew Zealand1142
| | | |
Collapse
|