1
|
Kunimura K, Nakamoto M, Ushijima M. S-1-Propenylcysteine Enhances Endurance Capacity of Mice by Stimulating Fatty Acid Metabolism via Muscle Isoform of Carnitine Acyltransferase-1. J Nutr 2024; 154:2707-2716. [PMID: 39053609 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endurance is an important capacity to sustain healthy lifestyles. Aged garlic extract (AGE) has been reported to exert an endurance-enhancing effect in clinical and animal studies, although little is known about its active ingredients and mechanism of action. OBJECTIVES This study investigated the potential effect of S-1-propenylcysteine (S1PC), a characteristic sulfur amino acid in AGE, on the swimming endurance of mice, and examined its mechanism of action by a metabolomics-based approach. METHODS Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (6 wk old) were orally administered either water (control) or S1PC (6.5 mg/kg/d) for 2 wk. The swimming duration to exhaustion was measured at 24 h after the final administration. Nontargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on the plasma samples obtained from mice after 40-min submaximal swimming bouts. Subsequently, the enzyme activity of carnitine acyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) and the content of malonyl-coenzyme A (CoA), acetyl-CoA, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were quantified in heart, skeletal muscles, and liver of mice. RESULTS The duration time of swimming was substantially increased in the S1PC-treated mice as compared with the control group. Metabolomic analysis revealed significant alterations in the plasma concentration of the metabolites involved in fatty acid metabolism, in particular medium- or long-chain acylcarnitines in the mice treated with S1PC. Moreover, the administration of S1PC significantly enhanced the CPT-1 activity with the concomitant decrease in the malonyl-CoA content in the heart and skeletal muscles. These effects of S1PC were accompanied by the elevation of the acetyl-CoA and ATP levels to enhance the energy production in those tissues. CONCLUSIONS S1PC is a key constituent responsible for the endurance-enhancing effect of AGE. This study suggests that S1PC helps provide energy during endurance exercise by increasing fatty acid metabolism via CPT-1 activation in the heart and skeletal muscles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Kunimura
- Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Masato Nakamoto
- Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Ushijima
- Central Research Institute, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li X, Pham K, Ysaguirre J, Mahmud I, Tan L, Wei B, Shao LJ, Elizondo M, Habib R, Elizondo F, Sesaki H, Lorenzi PL, Sun K. Mechanistic Insights into Metabolic Function of Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (DRP1). J Lipid Res 2024:100633. [PMID: 39182608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
DRP1 plays crucial roles in mitochondrial and peroxisome fission. However, the mechanisms underlying the functional regulation of DRP1 in adipose tissue during obesity remain unclear. To elucidate the metabolic and pathological significance of diminished DRP1 in obese adipose tissue, we utilized adipose tissue-specific DRP1 KO mice challenged with an HFD. We observed significant metabolic dysregulations in the KO mice. Mechanistically, DRP1 exerts multifaceted functions in mitochondrial dynamics and ER-lipid droplet cross-talk in normal mice. Loss-of-function of DRP1 resulted in abnormally giant mitochondrial shapes, distorted mitochondrial membrane structure, and disrupted cristae architecture. Meanwhile, DRP1 deficiency induced the retention of nascent lipid droplets in ER, leading to perturbed overall lipid dynamics in the KO mice. Collectively, dysregulation of the dynamics of mitochondria, ER, and lipid droplets contributes to whole-body metabolic disorders, as evidenced by perturbations in energy metabolites. Our findings demonstrate that DRP1 plays a pivotal role in energy homeostasis in adipose tissue during obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Katherine Pham
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jazmin Ysaguirre
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Iqbal Mahmud
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Lin Tan
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Bo Wei
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Long J Shao
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Maryam Elizondo
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rabie Habib
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fathima Elizondo
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hiromi Sesaki
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, the Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Human Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Elseweidy MM, Asker ME, El-Zeiky RR, Elmaghraby AM, Elrashidy RA. Sitagliptin alleviates renal steatosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in high fat diet-induced obese rats by targeting SREBP-1/CD36 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 977:176745. [PMID: 38880220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) consumption can cause dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, coupled with increased ectopic lipid deposition in renal tissue leading to steatosis and dysfunction. Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor clinically used for type II diabetes therapy; however its effect on renal steatosis in obese state is still uncertain. Herein, obesity was induced by feeding male Wistar rats HFD for 18 weeks, thereafter received either drug vehicle, or sitagliptin (10 mg/kg, PO) along with HFD for further 6 weeks and compared with age-matched rats receiving normal chow diet (NCD). After 24 weeks, serum and kidneys were collected for histological and biochemical assessments. Compared to NCD-fed group, HFD-fed rats displayed marked weight gain, increased fat mass, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, impaired kidney functions and renal histological alterations. Sitagliptin effectively ameliorated obesity and related metabolic perturbations and improved kidney architecture and function. There were increased levels of triglycerides and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) in kidneys of obese rats, that were lowered by sitagliptin therapy. Sitagliptin significantly repressed the expression of lipogenesis genes, while up-regulated genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid oxidation in kidneys of HFD-fed rats. Sitagliptin was found to induce down-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic markers in kidneys of obese rats. These findings together may emphasize a novel concept that sitagliptin can be an effective therapeutic approach for halting obesity-related renal steatosis and CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Elseweidy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mervat E Asker
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Reham R El-Zeiky
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Asmaa M Elmaghraby
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A Elrashidy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baraghithy S, Gammal A, Permyakova A, Hamad S, Kočvarová R, Calles Y, Tam J. 5-Methoxy-2-aminoindane Reverses Diet-Induced Obesity and Improves Metabolic Parameters in Mice: A Potential New Class of Antiobesity Therapeutics. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:2527-2543. [PMID: 39144560 PMCID: PMC11320730 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.4c00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of obesity and its related disorders represents a daunting global health challenge. Unfortunately, current pharmacological interventions for obesity remain limited and are often associated with debilitating side effects. Against this backdrop, the psychoactive aminoindane derivative 5-methoxy-2-aminoindane (MEAI) has gained considerable attention for its ability to induce a pleasurable, alcohol-like sensation while curbing alcohol consumption. Given the potential impact of MEAI on food addiction and energy homeostasis, we examined its metabolic efficacy on appetite regulation, obesity, and related comorbidities under acute and chronic settings, utilizing a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO). Our results demonstrated that MEAI treatment significantly reduced DIO-induced overweight and adiposity by preserving lean mass and decreasing fat mass. Additionally, MEAI treatment exhibited positive effects on glycemic control by attenuating DIO-induced hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, and hyperinsulinemia. Furthermore, MEAI reduced DIO-induced hepatic steatosis by decreasing hepatic lipid accumulation and lowering liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels, primarily by inhibiting de novo lipid synthesis. Metabolic phenotyping revealed that MEAI increased energy expenditure and fat utilization while maintaining food consumption similar to that of the vehicle-treated group. Lastly, MEAI normalized voluntary locomotion actions without any overstimulatory effects. These findings provide compelling evidence for the antiobesity effects of MEAI treatment and call for further preclinical testing. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of MEAI as a novel therapeutic approach for treating obesity and its associated metabolic disorders, offering hope for the development of new treatment options for this global health challenge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saja Baraghithy
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Asaad Gammal
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Anna Permyakova
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Sharleen Hamad
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Radka Kočvarová
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Yael Calles
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory,
The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112001, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pang M, Yu L, Li X, Lu C, Xiao C, Liu Y. A promising anti-tumor targeting on ERMMDs mediated abnormal lipid metabolism in tumor cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:562. [PMID: 39098929 PMCID: PMC11298533 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06956-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
The investigation of aberrations in lipid metabolism within tumor has become a burgeoning field of study that has garnered significant attention in recent years. Lipids can serve as a potent source of highly energetic fuel to support the rapid growth of neoplasia, in where the ER-mitochondrial membrane domains (ERMMDs) provide an interactive network for facilitating communication between ER and mitochondria as well as their intermembrane space and adjunctive proteins. In this review, we discuss fatty acids (FAs) anabolic and catabolic metabolism, as well as how CPT1A-VDAC-ACSL clusters on ERMMDs participate in FAs transport, with a major focus on ERMMDs mediated collaborative loop of FAO, Ca2+ transmission in TCA cycle and OXPHOS process. Here, we present a comprehensive perspective on the regulation of aberrant lipid metabolism through ERMMDs conducted tumor physiology might be a promising and potential target for tumor starvation therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshi Pang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liuchunyang Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Cheng Xiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lietzke AC, Bealer E, Crumley K, King J, Stendahl AM, Zhu J, Pearson GL, Levi-D'Ancona E, Henry-Kanarek B, Reck EC, Arnipalli M, Sidarala V, Walker EM, Pennathur S, Madsen JGS, Shea LD, Soleimanpour SA. Limitations in mitochondrial programming restrain the differentiation and maturation of human stem cell-derived β cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.26.605318. [PMID: 39211191 PMCID: PMC11361182 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.26.605318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cell (SC)-derived islets offer hope as a renewable source for β cell replacement for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet functional and metabolic immaturity may limit their long-term therapeutic potential. Here, we show that limitations in mitochondrial transcriptional programming impede the formation and maturation of SC-derived β (SC-β) cells. Utilizing transcriptomic profiling, assessments of chromatin accessibility, mitochondrial phenotyping, and lipidomics analyses, we observed that SC-β cells exhibit reduced oxidative and mitochondrial fatty acid metabolism compared to primary human islets that are related to limitations in key mitochondrial transcriptional networks. Surprisingly, we found that reductions in glucose- stimulated mitochondrial respiration in SC-islets were not associated with alterations in mitochondrial mass, structure, or genome integrity. In contrast, SC-islets show limited expression of targets of PPARIZ and PPARγ, which regulate mitochondrial programming, yet whose functions in β cell differentiation are unknown. Importantly, treatment with WY14643, a potent PPARIZ agonist, induced expression of mitochondrial targets, improved insulin secretion, and increased the formation and maturation of SC-β cells both in vitro and following transplantation. Thus, mitochondrial programming promotes the differentiation and maturation of SC-β cells and may be a promising target to improve β cell replacement efforts for T1D.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chakraborty S, Anand S, Bhandari RK. Medaka liver developed Human NAFLD-NASH transcriptional signatures in response to ancestral bisphenol A exposure. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4585175. [PMID: 39070641 PMCID: PMC11275980 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4585175/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The progression of fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of death in humans. Lifestyles and environmental chemical exposures can increase the susceptibility of humans to NASH. In humans, the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in urine is associated with fatty liver disease, but whether ancestral BPA exposure leads to the activation of human NAFLD-NASH-associated genes in the unexposed descendants is unclear. In this study, using medaka fish as an animal model for human NAFLD, we investigated the transcriptional signatures of human NAFLD-NASH and their associated roles in the pathogenesis of the liver of fish that were not directly exposed, but their ancestors were exposed to BPA during embryonic and perinatal development three generations prior. Comparison of bulk RNA-Seq data of the liver in BPA lineage male and female medaka with publicly available human NAFLD-NASH patient data revealed transgenerational alterations in the transcriptional signature of human NAFLD-NASH in medaka liver. Twenty percent of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in both human NAFLD patients and medaka. Specifically in females, among the total shared DEGs in the liver of BPA lineage fish and NAFLD patient groups, 27.69% were downregulated, and 20% were upregulated. Of all DEGs, 52.31% of DEGs were found in ancestral BPA-lineage females, suggesting that NAFLD in females shared the majority of human NAFLD gene networks. Pathway analysis revealed beta-oxidation, lipoprotein metabolism, and HDL/LDL-mediated transport processes linked to downregulated DEGs in BPA lineage males and females. In contrast, the expression of genes encoding lipogenesis-related proteins was significantly elevated in the liver of BPA lineage females only. BPA lineage females exhibiting activation of myc, atf4, xbp1, stat4, and cancerous pathways, as well as inactivation of igf1, suggest their possible association with an advanced NAFLD phenotype. The present results suggest that gene networks involved in the progression of human NAFLD and the transgenerational NAFLD in medaka are conserved and that medaka can be an excellent animal model to understand the development and progression of liver disease and environmental influences in the liver.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Z, Cao W, Zhang Y, Lai S, Ye Y, Bao J, Fu A. Puerarin ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting lipid metabolism through FMO5. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1423634. [PMID: 39055493 PMCID: PMC11269101 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1423634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pueraria lobata is traditionally used in China for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Puerarin, a functional drug extracted from Pueraria lobata, features a pharmacological activity. The present study aims to investigate the effect of puerarin intervention on NAFLD. Methods: We established an NAFLD mouse model using a high-fat diet with 60% fat and evaluated the impact of puerarin intervention. Results and discussion: Our results demonstrate that puerarin intervention significantly ameliorates lipid accumulation and protects the liver from high-fat-induced damage while reducing oxidative stress levels in the liver. Furthermore, puerarin intervention significantly downregulates the transcription levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC1) in the liver. It also upregulates the transcription levels of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ coactivator alpha (PGC1α), which are related to oxidation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO5) was involved in the protective effect of puerarin against NFALD. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the beneficial effect of puerarin on NAFLD and showed that puerarin could prevent liver injury and lipid accumulation caused by NAFLD via activating FMO5. These findings provide a new theoretical basis for applying puerarin as a therapeutic agent for NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Li
- Institute of Hepatology and Epidemiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shanglei Lai
- Department of Medical Research Center, Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingyan Ye
- Hangzhou Medical College Affiliated Lin’an People’s Hospital, The First People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Lin’an District, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng Bao
- Institute of Hepatology and Epidemiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ai Fu
- Institute of Hepatology and Epidemiology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hepatology, Affiliated Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Truong HG, Nagengast AA, DiAngelo JR. The regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 ( CPT1) mRNA splicing by nutrient availability in Drosophila fat tissue. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 38:101661. [PMID: 38384389 PMCID: PMC10879661 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
After a meal, excess nutrients are stored within adipose tissue as triglycerides in lipid droplets. Previous genome-wide RNAi screens in Drosophila cells have identified mRNA splicing factors as being important for lipid droplet formation. Our lab has previously shown that a class of mRNA splicing factors called serine/arginine-rich (SR) proteins, which help to identify intron/exon borders, are important for triglyceride storage in Drosophila fat tissue, partially by regulating the splicing of the gene for carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), an enzyme important for mitochondrial β-oxidation of fatty acids. The CPT1 gene in Drosophila generates two major isoforms, with transcripts that include exon 6A producing more active enzymes than ones made from transcripts containing exon 6B; however, whether nutrient availability regulates CPT1 splicing in fly fat tissue is not known. During ad libitum feeding, control flies produce more CPT1 transcripts containing exon 6B while fasting for 24 h results in a shift in CPT1 splicing to generate more transcripts containing exon 6A. The SR protein 9G8 is necessary for regulating nutrient responsive CPT1 splicing as decreasing 9G8 levels in fly fat tissue blocks the accumulation of CPT1 transcripts including exon 6A during starvation. Protein kinase A (PKA), a mediator of starvation-induced lipid breakdown, also regulates CPT1 splicing during starvation as transcripts including exon 6A did not accumulate when PKA was inhibited during starvation. Together, these results indicate that CPT1 splicing in adipose tissue responds to changes in nutrient availability contributing to the overall control of lipid homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huy G. Truong
- Division of Science, Penn State Berks, Reading, PA, USA
| | - Alexis A. Nagengast
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Widener University, Chester, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhuge H, Pan Y, Lai S, Chang K, Ding Q, Cao W, Song Q, Li S, Dou X, Ding B. Penthorum chinense Pursh extract ameliorates alcohol-related fatty liver disease in mice via the SIRT1/AMPK signaling axis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31195. [PMID: 38832279 PMCID: PMC11145240 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Penthorum chinense Pursh (P. chinense), a functional food, has been applied to protect the liver against alcohol-related fatty liver disease (ALD) for a long history in China. This study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative activity of the polyphenolic fraction in P. chinense (PGF) depending on the relief of ALD. The ALD mouse model was established by exposing the mice to a Lieber-DeCarli alcohol liquid diet. We found that PGF administration significantly ameliorated alcohol-induced liver injury, steatosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in mice. Furthermore, alcohol-increased levels of the critical hepatic lipid synthesis proteins sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor (SREBP-1) and diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2) were attenuated by PGF. Similarly, PGF inhibited the expression of the lipid transport protein very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). Interestingly, PGF restored alcohol-inhibited expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα), essential fatty acid β-oxidation proteins. Mechanistic studies revealed that PGF protects against alcohol-induced hepatocyte injury and lipid deposition via the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. In sum, this research clearly demonstrated the protective effects of PGF against ALD, which was mediated by activating SIRT1/AMPK pathways in hepatocytes. We provide a new theoretical basis for using P. chinense as a functional food in ALD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhuge
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Yan Pan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Shanglei Lai
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Kaixin Chang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Qinchao Ding
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Wenjing Cao
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qing Song
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songtao Li
- College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Bin Ding
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Molecular Medicine Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ding Z, Wei Y, Dai J, Pan C, Yang L, Li Q, Zhang Y, Yan Q, Wu C, Li A, Lan Z, Liu S, Wang X. Deficiency of SDHC promotes metastasis by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:544. [PMID: 38844980 PMCID: PMC11157952 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05361-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have demonstrated a strong correlation between impaired Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) function and the advancement of tumors. As a subunit of SDH, succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit C (SDHC) has been revealed to play tumor suppressive roles in several cancers, while its specific role in colorectal cancer (CRC) still needs further investigation. METHODS Online database were utilized to investigate the expression of SDHC in colorectal cancer and to assess its correlation with patient prognosis. Cell metastasis was assessed using transwell and wound healing assays, while tumor metastasis was studied in a nude mice model in vivo. Drug screening and RNA sequencing were carried out to reveal the tumor suppressor mechanism of SDHC. Triglycerides, neutral lipids and fatty acid oxidation were measured using the Triglyceride Assay Kit, BODIPY 493/503 and Colorimetric Fatty Acid Oxidation Rate Assay Kit, respectively. The expression levels of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were determined by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. RESULTS Downregulation of SDHC was found to be closely associated with a poor prognosis in CRC. SDHC knockdown promoted CRC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Through drug screening and Gene set enrichment analysis, it was discovered that SDHC downregulation was positively associated with the fatty acid metabolism pathways significantly. The effects of SDHC silencing on metastasis were reversed when fatty acid synthesis was blocked. Subsequent experiments revealed that SDHC silencing activated the PI3K/AKT signaling axis, leading to lipid accumulation by upregulating the expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A2 (ALDH3A2) and reduction of fatty acid oxidation rate by suppressing the expression of acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A). CONCLUSIONS SDHC deficiency could potentially enhance CRC metastasis by modulating the PI3K/AKT pathways and reprogramming lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyu Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingping Dai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaomin Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changjie Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixian Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Pazhou Lab, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinke Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gao X, Zhu Z, Bao Y, Li Y, Zhu W, He X, Ge X, Huang W, Wang H, Wei W, Du J, Chen L, Li H, Sheng L. Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat extract and probiotics combination ameliorates metabolic disorders through regulating gut microbiota and PPARα subcellular localization. Chin Med 2024; 19:76. [PMID: 38831430 PMCID: PMC11149226 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat, a traditional Chinese medicine, has the effects on liver clearing, vision improving, and anti-inflammation. C. morifolium and probiotics have been individually studied for their beneficial effects on metabolic diseases. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms were not completely elucidated. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms of C. morifolium and probiotics combination (CP) on alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the dysregulation of glucose metabolism in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. METHODS The therapeutic effect of CP on metabolism was evaluated by liver histology and serum biochemical analysis, as well as glucose tolerance test. The impact of CP on gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis was performed with the key genes and proteins validated by RT-qPCR and western blotting. In addition, whole body Pparα knockout (Pparα-/-) mice were used to confirm the CP-mediated pathway. RESULTS CP supplementation ameliorated metabolic disorders by reducing body weight and hepatic steatosis, and improving glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in HFD fed mice. CP intervention mitigated the HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, which contributed at least in part, to the beneficial effect of improving glucose metabolism. In addition, hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that CP modulated the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. CP downregulated the mRNA level of lipid droplet-binding proteins, such as Cidea and Cidec in the liver, leading to more substrates for fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Meanwhile, the expression of CPT1α, the rate-limiting enzyme of FAO, was significantly increased upon CP treatment. Mechanistically, though CP didn't affect the total PPARα level, it promoted the nuclear localization of PPARα, which contributed to the reduced expression of Cidea and Cidec, and increased expression of CPT1α, leading to activated FAO. Moreover, whole body PPARα deficiency abolished the anti-NAFLD effect of CP, suggesting the importance of PPARα in CP-mediated beneficial effect. CONCLUSION This study revealed the hypoglycemic and hepatoprotective effect of CP by regulating gut microbiota composition and PPARα subcellular localization, highlighting its potential for therapeutic candidate for metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhigang Zhu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weize Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaofang He
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinyu Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenjing Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co, Ltd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Houkai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Sheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vieira-Lara MA, Bakker BM. The paradox of fatty-acid β-oxidation in muscle insulin resistance: Metabolic control and muscle heterogeneity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167172. [PMID: 38631409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is a metabolically heterogeneous tissue that plays a key role in maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis. It is well known that muscle insulin resistance (IR) precedes the development of type 2 diabetes. There is a consensus that the accumulation of specific lipid species in the tissue can drive IR. However, the role of the mitochondrial fatty-acid β-oxidation in IR and, consequently, in the control of glucose uptake remains paradoxical: interventions that either inhibit or activate fatty-acid β-oxidation have been shown to prevent IR. We here discuss the current theories and evidence for the interplay between β-oxidation and glucose uptake in IR. To address the underlying intricacies, we (1) dive into the control of glucose uptake fluxes into muscle tissues using the framework of Metabolic Control Analysis, and (2) disentangle concepts of flux and catalytic capacities taking into account skeletal muscle heterogeneity. Finally, we speculate about hitherto unexplored mechanisms that could bring contrasting evidence together. Elucidating how β-oxidation is connected to muscle IR and the underlying role of muscle heterogeneity enhances disease understanding and paves the way for new treatments for type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lv P, Li H, Li X, Wang X, Yu J, Gong Y. Intestinal perfusion of unacylated ghrelin alleviated metabolically associated fatty liver disease in rats via a central glucagon-like peptide-1 pathway. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G643-G658. [PMID: 38564323 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00217.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Unacylated ghrelin (UAG), the unacylated form of ghrelin, accounts for 80%-90% of its circulation. Accumulated studies have pointed out that UAG may be used to treat metabolic disorders. This study aimed to investigate the effect of intestinal perfusion of UAG on metabolically associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet and its possible mechanisms. Neuronal retrograde tracking combined with immunofluorescence, central administration of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonist, and hepatic vagotomy was performed to reveal its possible mechanism involving a central glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) pathway. The results showed that intestinal perfusion of UAG significantly reduced serum lipids, aminotransferases, and food intake in MAFLD rats. Steatosis and lipid accumulation in the liver were significantly alleviated, and lipid metabolism-related enzymes in the liver were regulated. UAG upregulated the expression of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and GLP-1 in the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), as well as activated GLP-1 neurons in the NTS. Furthermore, GLP-1 fibers projected from NTS to PVN were activated by the intestinal perfusion of UAG. However, hepatic vagotomy and GLP-1R antagonists delivered into PVN before intestinal perfusion of UAG partially attenuated its alleviation of MAFLD. In conclusion, intestinal perfusion of UAG showed a therapeutic effect on MAFLD, which might be related to its activation of the GLP-1 neuronal pathway from NTS to PVN. The present results provide a new strategy for the treatment of MAFLD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intestinal perfusion of UAG, the unacylated form of ghrelin, has shown promising potential for treating MAFLD. This study unveils a potential mechanism involving the central GLP-1 pathway, with UAG upregulating GLP-1R expression and activating GLP-1 neurons in specific brain regions. These findings propose a novel therapeutic strategy for MAFLD treatment through UAG and its modulation of the GLP-1 neuronal pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongzeng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangbo Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiantong Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chakraborty S, Anand S, Bhandari RK. Sex-specific expression of the human NAFLD-NASH transcriptional signatures in the liver of medaka with a history of ancestral bisphenol A exposure. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.19.594843. [PMID: 38826193 PMCID: PMC11142124 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.19.594843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
The progression of fatty liver disease to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a leading cause of death in humans. Lifestyles and environmental chemical exposures can increase the susceptibility of humans to NASH. In humans, the presence of bisphenol A (BPA) in urine is associated with fatty liver disease, but whether ancestral BPA exposure leads to the activation of human NAFLD-NASH-associated genes in the unexposed descendants is unclear. In this study, using medaka fish as an animal model for human NAFLD, we investigated the transcriptional signatures of human NAFLD-NASH and their associated roles in the pathogenesis of the liver of fish who were not directly exposed but their ancestors were exposed to BPA during embryonic and perinatal development three generations prior. Comparison of bulk RNA-Seq data of the liver in BPA lineage male and female medaka with publicly available human NAFLD-NASH patient data revealed transgenerational alterations in the transcriptional signature of human NAFLD-NASH in medaka liver. Twenty percent of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were upregulated in both human NAFLD patients and medaka. Specifically in females, among the total shared DEGs in the liver of BPA lineage fish and NAFLD patient groups, 27.69% DEGs were downregulated and 20% DEGs were upregulated. Off all DEGs, 52.31% DEGs were found in ancestral BPA-lineage females, suggesting that NAFLD in females shared majority of human NAFLD gene networks. Pathway analysis revealed beta-oxidation, lipoprotein metabolism, and HDL/LDL-mediated transport processes linked to downregulated DEGs in BPA lineage males and females. In contrast, the expression of genes encoding lipogenesis-related proteins was significantly elevated in the liver of BPA lineage females only. BPA lineage females exhibiting activation of myc, atf4, xbp1, stat4, and cancerous pathways, as well as inactivation of igf1, suggest their possible association with an advanced NAFLD phenotype. The present results suggest that gene networks involved in the progression of human NAFLD and the transgenerational NAFLD in medaka are conserved and that medaka can be an excellent animal model to understand the development and progression of liver disease and environmental influences in the liver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Chakraborty
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Santosh Anand
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| | - Ramji Kumar Bhandari
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kaczara P, Czyzynska-Cichon I, Kus E, Kurpinska A, Olkowicz M, Wojnar-Lason K, Pacia MZ, Lytvynenko O, Baes M, Chlopicki S. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells rely on oxidative phosphorylation but avoid processing long-chain fatty acids in their mitochondria. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:67. [PMID: 38724891 PMCID: PMC11084093 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00584-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally accepted that endothelial cells (ECs), primarily rely on glycolysis for ATP production, despite having functional mitochondria. However, it is also known that ECs are heterogeneous, and their phenotypic features depend on the vascular bed. Emerging evidence suggests that liver sinusoidal ECs (LSECs), located in the metabolically rich environment of the liver, show high metabolic plasticity. However, the substrate preference for energy metabolism in LSECs remains unclear. METHODS Investigations were conducted in primary murine LSECs in vitro using the Seahorse XF technique for functional bioenergetic assays, untargeted mass spectrometry-based proteomics to analyse the LSEC proteome involved in energy metabolism pathways, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-based analysis of acyl-carnitine species and Raman spectroscopy imaging to track intracellular palmitic acid. RESULTS This study comprehensively characterized the energy metabolism of LSECs, which were found to depend on oxidative phosphorylation, efficiently fuelled by glucose-derived pyruvate, short- and medium-chain fatty acids and glutamine. Furthermore, despite its high availability, palmitic acid was not directly oxidized in LSEC mitochondria, as evidenced by the acylcarnitine profile and etomoxir's lack of effect on oxygen consumption. However, together with L-carnitine, palmitic acid supported mitochondrial respiration, which is compatible with the chain-shortening role of peroxisomal β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids before further degradation and energy generation in mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS LSECs show a unique bioenergetic profile of highly metabolically plastic ECs adapted to the liver environment. The functional reliance of LSECs on oxidative phosphorylation, which is not a typical feature of ECs, remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Kaczara
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Izabela Czyzynska-Cichon
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mariola Olkowicz
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamila Wojnar-Lason
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Z Pacia
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Olena Lytvynenko
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
| | - Myriam Baes
- KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Metabolism, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu L, Litts B, Wang Y, Rein JA, Atzrodt CL, Chinnarasu S, An J, Thorson AS, Xu Y, Stafford JM. Ablation of IFNγ in myeloid cells suppresses liver inflammation and fibrogenesis in mice with hepatic small heterodimer partner (SHP) deletion. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101932. [PMID: 38589002 PMCID: PMC11035112 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a common complication of obesity and, in severe cases, progresses to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Small heterodimer partner (SHP) is an orphan member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and regulates metabolism and inflammation in the liver via a variety of pathways. In this study, we investigate the molecular foundation of MASH progression in mice with hepatic SHP deletion and explore possible therapeutic means to reduce MASH. METHODS Hepatic SHP knockout mice (SHPΔhep) and their wild-type littermates (SHPfl/fl) of both sexes were fed a fructose diet for 14 weeks and subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test. Then, plasma lipids were determined, and liver lipid metabolism and inflammation pathways were analyzed with immunoblotting, RNAseq, and qPCR assays. To explore possible therapeutic intersections of SHP and inflammatory pathways, SHPΔhep mice were reconstituted with bone marrow lacking interferon γ (IFNγ-/-) to suppress inflammation. RESULTS Hepatic deletion of SHP in mice fed a fructose diet decreased liver fat and increased proteins for fatty acid oxidation and liver lipid uptake, including UCP1, CPT1α, ACDAM, and SRBI. Despite lower liver fat, hepatic SHP deletion increased liver inflammatory F4/80+ cells and mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-12, IL-6, Ccl2, and IFNγ) in both sexes and elevated endoplasmic reticulum stress markers of Cox2 and CHOP in female mice. Liver bulk RNAseq data showed upregulation of genes whose protein products regulate lipid transport, fatty acid oxidation, and inflammation in SHPΔhep mice. The increased inflammation and fibrosis in SHPΔhep mice were corrected with bone marrow-derived IFNγ-/- myeloid cell transplantation. CONCLUSION Hepatic deletion of SHP improves fatty liver but worsens hepatic inflammation possibly by driving excess fatty acid oxidation, which is corrected by deletion of IFNγ specifically in myeloid cells. This suggests that hepatic SHP limits fatty acid oxidation during fructose diet feeding but, in doing so, prevents pro-MASH pathways. The IFNγ-mediated inflammation in myeloid cells appears to be a potential therapeutic target to suppress MASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, USA
| | - Bridget Litts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Rein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, USA
| | | | | | - Julia An
- Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, USA
| | - Ariel S Thorson
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Yaomin Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John M Stafford
- Tennessee Valley Health System, Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chiang CH, Zhang TR, Hsu PS, Lin SP, Chen CY. Weight regain, but not weight loss exacerbates hepatic fibrosis during multiple weight cycling events in male mice. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:965-976. [PMID: 38265751 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03326-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Weight cycling is a phenomenon characterized by fluctuating body weight that is commonly observed in individuals employing intentional weight loss methods. Despite its prevalence, the impact of weight cycling on health remains equivocal. The current investigation aimed to examine the effects of weight cycling on liver health. METHODS The weight cycling model was established by switching the feeding method of mice between ad libitum (AL) and restricted intake (DR or 60% of AL) of the breeding diet to cause weight gain and weight loss, respectively. The weight cycling model comprised two and a half cycles, with one group terminating the experience during the weight-gain period (S-AL) and the other during the weight-loss period (S-DR). Liver tissue was collected to investigate morphology alterations, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and mitochondrial homeostasis. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the termination point of weight cycling affected body weight and hepatic steatosis. All parameters examined in the S-DR mice exhibited a comparable trend to those observed in the DR mice. Notably, S-AL mice showed a significant increase in lipid metabolism-related proteins in the liver compared to AL-fed mice, along with reduced lipid droplets. Moreover, hepatic apoptosis and fibrosis were exacerbated in the S-AL mice compared to AL mice, whereas mitochondrial fusion, biogenesis, and mitophagy were decreased in the S-AL mice. CONCLUSION Weight cycling ending in weight gain exacerbated hepatic fibrosis, potentially by inducing apoptosis or disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis. Conversely, weight cycling ending in weight loss demonstrated beneficial effects on hepatic health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Rui Zhang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pu-Sheng Hsu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xie R, Zhang B, Tumukunde E, Zhuang Z, Yuan J, Wang S. Succinylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase contributes to aflatoxin biosynthesis, morphology development, and pathogenicity in Aspergillus flavus. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110585. [PMID: 38246023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), which catalyzes acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA, is crucial for the synthesis of mycotoxins, ergosterol, and fatty acids in various genera. However, its biofunction in Aspergillus flavus has not been reported. In this study, the accA gene was deleted and site-mutated to explore the influence of ACC on sporulation, sclerotium formation, and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) biosynthesis. The results revealed that ACC positively regulated conidiation and sclerotium formation, but negatively regulated AFB1 production. In addition, we found that ACC is a succinylated protein, and mutation of lysine at position 990 of ACC to glutamic acid or arginine (accAK990E or accAK990R) changed the succinylation level of ACC. The accAK990E and accAK990R mutations (to imitate the succinylation and desuccinylation at K990 of ACC, respectively) downregulated fungal conidiation and sclerotium formation while increasing AFB1 production, revealing that the K990 is an important site for ACC's biofunction. These results provide valuable perspectives for future mechanism studies of the emerging roles of succinylated ACC in the regulation of the A. flavus phenotype, which is advantageous for the prevention and control of A. flavus hazards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Elisabeth Tumukunde
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenhong Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi and Mycotoxins, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002 Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yao K, Feng L, Jiang WD, Liu Y, Zhang L, Mi HF, Zhou XQ, Wu P. The role of vitamin E in polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis and alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress in sub-adult grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:275-287. [PMID: 38371478 PMCID: PMC10869583 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E (VE) is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin that improves the fish flesh quality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of VE on growth performance and flesh quality in sub-adult grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). A total of 450 fish (713.53 ± 1.50 g) were randomly divided into six treatment groups (three replicates per treatment) and fed for nine weeks with different experimental diets (dietary lipid 47.8 g/kg) that contained different levels of VE (5.44, 52.07, 96.85, 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet, supplemented as dl-α-tocopherol acetate). Notably, the treatment groups that were fed with dietary VE ranging from 52.07 to 230.12 mg/kg diet showed improvement in the percent weight gain, special growth rate, and feed efficiency of grass carp. Moreover, the treatment groups supplemented with dietary VE level of 141.71, 185.66, and 230.12 mg/kg diet showed enhancement in crude protein, lipid, and α-tocopherol contents in the muscle, and the dietary levels of VE ranging from 52.07 to 141.71 mg/kg diet improved muscle pH24h and shear force but reduced muscle cooking loss in grass carp. Furthermore, appropriate levels of VE (52.07 to 96.85 mg/kg diet) increased the muscle polyunsaturated fatty acid content in grass carp. Dietary VE also increased the mRNA levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes, including fas, scd-1, fad, elovl, srebp1, pparγ, and lxrα, and up-regulated the expression of SREBP-1 protein. However, dietary VE decreased the expression of fatty acid decomposition-related genes, including hsl, cpt1, acox1, and pparα, and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes, including perk, ire1, atf6, eif2α, atf4, xbp1, chop, and grp78, and down-regulated the expression of p-PERK, p-IRE1, ATF6, and GRP78 proteins. In conclusion, dietary VE increased muscle fatty acid synthesis, which may be partly associated with the alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and ultimately improves fish flesh quality. Moreover, the VE requirements for sub-adult grass carp (713.53 to 1590.40 g) were estimated to be 124.9 and 122.73 mg/kg diet based on percentage weight gain and muscle shear force, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Feng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wei-Dan Jiang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hai-Feng Mi
- Tongwei Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610041, China
- Healthy Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Qiu Zhou
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pei Wu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao S, Wang Q, Zhang X, Ma B, Shi Y, Yin Y, Kong W, Zhang W, Li J, Yang H. MARCH5-mediated downregulation of ACC2 promotes fatty acid oxidation and tumor progression in ovarian cancer. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 212:464-476. [PMID: 38211832 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Lipid metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a hallmark of human cancer. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases (ACCs) are key rate-limiting enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism regulation by catalyzing the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA. Previously, most studies focused on the role of ACC1 in fatty acid metabolism in cancer, while the function of ACC2 remains largely uncharacterized in human cancers, especially in ovarian cancer (OC). Here, we show that ACC2 was significantly downregulated in cancerous tissue of OC, and the downregulation of ACC2 is closely associated with lager tumor size, metastases and worse prognosis in OC patients. Downregulation of ACC2 promoted proliferation and metastasis of OC both in vitro and in vivo by enhancing FAO. Notably, mitochondria-associated ubiquitin ligase (MARCH5) was identified to interact with and downregulate ACC2 by ubiquitination and degradation in OC. Moreover, ACC2 downregulation-enhanced FAO contributed to the progression of OC promoted by MARCH5. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that MARCH5-mediated downregulation of ACC2 promotes FAO and tumorigenesis in OC, suggesting MARCH5-ACC2 axis as a potent candidate for the treatment and prevention of OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhua Zhao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingqiang Wang
- General Department, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Boyi Ma
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yadong Yin
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weina Kong
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fornelli C, Sofia Cento A, Nevi L, Mastrocola R, Ferreira Alves G, Caretti G, Collino M, Penna F. The BET inhibitor JQ1 targets fat metabolism and counteracts obesity. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00051-1. [PMID: 38365172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity, one of the most frequent health problems in the adult population, is a condition characterized by excessive white adipose tissue accumulation and accompanied by the increased risk to develop other disorders such as type II diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, physical disability, frailty and sarcopenia. Total fat mass frequently increases during aging, often coexisting with sarcopenia, thus resulting in an emerging condition defined sarcopenic obesity (SO). Our previous data demonstrated the relevant role of the bromo and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins inhibitor JQ1 in attenuating inflammation and fibrosis in sarcopenic mice. Moreover, we preliminarily observed that JQ1 administration markedly reduces white adipose tissue mass, suggesting a potential role of BET proteins on visceral fat deposition during aging. OBJECTIVES Starting from those observations, the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of JQ1 to reduce adiposity in a chronic diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model mimicking the human metabolic syndrome. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were divided in subgroups, either fed a standard diet or a high fat diet for 22 or 12 weeks, treated over the last 14 days with JQ1 or with vehicle. RESULTS The results showed that JQ1 administration reduces fat mass, preserving skeletal muscle mass and function. A direct JQ1 lipolytic effect was demonstrated on mature adipocyte cultures. JQ1-mediated loss of adipose tissue mass was not associated with systemic inflammation or with lipid accumulation in muscle and liver. JQ1 administration did not impinge on skeletal muscle metabolism and oxidative capability, as shown by the lack of significant impact on mitochondrial mass and biogenesis. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the current data highlight a potential benefit of JQ1 administration to counteract obesity, suggesting epigenetic modulation as a prospective target in the treatment of obesity and sarcopenic obesity, despite the underlying multiorgan molecular mechanism is still not completely elucidated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fornelli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Sofia Cento
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Nevi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Collino
- Department of Neurosciences "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Fabio Penna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Scott JS, Quek LE, Hoy AJ, Swinnen JV, Nassar ZD, Butler LM. Fatty acid elongation regulates mitochondrial β-oxidation and cell viability in prostate cancer by controlling malonyl-CoA levels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 691:149273. [PMID: 38029544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the fatty acid elongation enzyme ELOVL5 was identified as a critical pro-metastatic factor in prostate cancer, required for cell growth and mitochondrial homeostasis. The fatty acid elongation reaction catalyzed by ELOVL5 utilizes malonyl-CoA as the carbon donor. Here, we demonstrate that ELOVL5 knockdown causes malonyl-CoA accumulation. Malonyl-CoA is a cellular substrate that can inhibit fatty acid β-oxidation in the mitochondria through allosteric inhibition of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), the enzyme that controls the rate-limiting step of the long chain fatty acid β-oxidation cycle. We hypothesized that changes in malonyl-CoA abundance following ELOVL5 knockdown could influence mitochondrial β-oxidation rates in prostate cancer cells, and regulate cell viability. Accordingly, we find that ELOVL5 knockdown is associated with decreased mitochondrial β-oxidation in prostate cancer cells. Combining ELOVL5 knockdown with FASN inhibition to increase malonyl-CoA abundance endogenously enhances the effect of ELOVL5 knockdown on prostate cancer cell viability, while preventing malonyl-CoA production rescues the cells from the effect of ELOVL5 knockdown. Our findings indicate an additional role for fatty acid elongation, in the control of malonyl-CoA homeostasis, alongside its established role in the production of long-chain fatty acid species, to explain the importance of fatty acid elongation for cell viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Scott
- South Australian ImmunoGENomics Cancer Institute, Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Lake-Ee Quek
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Johannes V Swinnen
- LKI - Leuven Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, KU Leuven, Leuven, B-3000, Belgium
| | - Zeyad D Nassar
- South Australian ImmunoGENomics Cancer Institute, Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
| | - Lisa M Butler
- South Australian ImmunoGENomics Cancer Institute, Adelaide Medical School and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; Precision Cancer Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Szkudelski T, Szkudelska K. The Anti-Diabetic Potential of Baicalin: Evidence from Rodent Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:431. [PMID: 38203600 PMCID: PMC10779254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is a biologically active flavonoid compound that benefits the organism in various pathological conditions. Rodent studies have shown that this compound effectively alleviates diabetes-related disturbances in models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Baicalin supplementation limited hyperglycemia and improved insulin sensitivity. The anti-diabetic effects of baicalin covered the main insulin-sensitive tissues, i.e., the skeletal muscle, the adipose tissue, and the liver. In the muscle tissue, baicalin limited lipid accumulation and improved glucose transport. Baicalin therapy was associated with diminished adipose tissue content and increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Hepatic lipid accumulation and glucose output were also decreased as a result of baicalin supplementation. The molecular mechanism of the anti-diabetic action of this compound is pleiotropic and is associated with changes in the expression/action of pivotal enzymes and signaling molecules. Baicalin positively affected, among others, the tissue insulin receptor, glucose transporter, AMP-activated protein kinase, protein kinase B, carnitine palmitoyltransferase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase. Moreover, this compound ameliorated diabetes-related oxidative and inflammatory stress and reduced epigenetic modifications. Importantly, baicalin supplementation at the effective doses did not induce any side effects. Results of rodent studies imply that baicalin may be tested as an anti-diabetic agent in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Szkudelski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 35, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu YC, Wei G, Liao ZQ, Wang FX, Zong C, Qiu J, Le Y, Yu ZL, Yang SY, Wang HS, Dou XB, Wang CY. Design and Synthesis of Novel Indole Ethylamine Derivatives as a Lipid Metabolism Regulator Targeting PPARα/CPT1 in AML12 Cells. Molecules 2023; 29:12. [PMID: 38202597 PMCID: PMC10779794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) are important targets of lipid metabolism regulation for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) therapy. In the present study, a set of novel indole ethylamine derivatives (4, 5, 8, 9) were designed and synthesized. The target product (compound 9) can effectively activate PPARα and CPT1a. Consistently, in vitro assays demonstrated its impact on the lipid accumulation of oleic acid (OA)-induced AML12 cells. Compared with AML12 cells treated only with OA, supplementation with 5, 10, and 20 μM of compound 9 reduced the levels of intracellular triglyceride (by 28.07%, 37.55%, and 51.33%) with greater inhibitory activity relative to the commercial PPARα agonist fenofibrate. Moreover, the compound 9 supplementations upregulated the expression of hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and upregulated the phosphorylation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) related to fatty acid oxidation and lipogenesis. This dual-target compound with lipid metabolism regulatory efficacy may represent a promising type of drug lead for NAFLD therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Liu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Gang Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (G.W.); (Z.-Q.L.); (F.-X.W.); (H.-S.W.)
| | - Zhi-Qiang Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (G.W.); (Z.-Q.L.); (F.-X.W.); (H.-S.W.)
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (G.W.); (Z.-Q.L.); (F.-X.W.); (H.-S.W.)
| | - Chunxiao Zong
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiannan Qiu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yifei Le
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhi-Ling Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Seo Young Yang
- Department of Biology Education, Teachers College and Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources/Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; (G.W.); (Z.-Q.L.); (F.-X.W.); (H.-S.W.)
| | - Xiao-Bing Dou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| | - Cai-Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (Y.-C.L.); (C.Z.); (J.Q.); (Y.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schimmer S, Mittermüller D, Werner T, Görs PE, Meckelmann SW, Finlay DK, Dittmer U, Littwitz-Salomon E. Fatty acids are crucial to fuel NK cells upon acute retrovirus infection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1296355. [PMID: 38094304 PMCID: PMC10716207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1296355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate immune cells, able to recognize and eliminate virus-infected as well as cancer cells. Metabolic reprogramming is crucial for their activity as they have enhanced energy and nutritional demands for their functions during an infection. Fatty acids (FAs) represent an important source of cellular energy and are essential for proliferation of immune cells. However, the precise role of FAs for NK cells activity in retrovirus infection was unknown. Here we show that activated NK cells increase the expression of the FA uptake receptor CD36 and subsequently the uptake of FAs upon acute virus infection. We found an enhanced flexibility of NK cells to utilize FAs as source of energy compare to naïve NK cells. NK cells that were able to generate energy from FAs showed an augmented target cell killing and increased expression of cytotoxic parameters. However, NK cells that were unable to generate energy from FAs exhibited a severely decreased migratory capacity. Our results demonstrate that NK cells require FAs in order to fight acute virus infection. Susceptibility to severe virus infections as it is shown for people with malnutrition may be augmented by defects in the FA processing machinery, which might be a target to therapeutically boost NK cell functions in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Schimmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Daniela Mittermüller
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tanja Werner
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Paul E. Görs
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg‐Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven W. Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg‐Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - David K. Finlay
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ulf Dittmer
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Littwitz-Salomon
- Institute for Virology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute for Translational HIV Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jin M, Yuan C, Duan S, Zeng B, Pan L. Downregulation of ACC expression suppresses cell viability and migration in the malignant progression of breast cancer. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:445. [PMID: 37614434 PMCID: PMC10443050 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring new diagnostic biomarkers and molecular targets is of great importance in breast cancer treatment. The present study investigated the effects of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) expression interference on the malignant progression of breast cancer cells. ACC expression was knocked down using a lentiviral vector and this was verified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were randomly allocated into the following groups: Normal breast cancer cells (control), breast cancer cells transduced with a negative control lentiviral vector and breast cancer cells transduced with an ACC knockdown lentiviral vector. Screening for stable transgenic strains was successful. Cell viability, apoptosis and migration were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and scratch test, respectively. The protein expression levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Bax were detected by western blotting. In addition, a nude mouse model of subcutaneous metastatic tumor was established using MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and tumor volume was assessed. Furthermore, pathological condition and apoptosis were detected using hematoxylin and eosin, and TUNEL staining, respectively. The protein expression levels of N-cadherin, Vimentin and Bax were detected by western blotting. The in vitro experiments showed that knockdown of ACC expression significantly decreased the viability and migration, and increased the apoptosis of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In vivo experiments revealed that ACC knockdown effectively reduced the tumor volume in nude mice, and promoted tumor cell apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ACC knockdown can reduce the protein expression levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin, and increase Bax expression. These findings suggested that downregulation of ACC expression may significantly reduce the malignant progression of breast cancer, and could be considered a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Jin
- Department of Galactophore, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Department of Galactophore Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Duan
- Department of Galactophore Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zeng
- Department of General Surgery, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, P.R. China
| | - Lingjuan Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Fengcheng People's Hospital, Fengcheng, Jiangxi 331100, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Muniz-Santos R, Lucieri-Costa G, de Almeida MAP, Moraes-de-Souza I, Brito MADSM, Silva AR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Lipid oxidation dysregulation: an emerging player in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224335. [PMID: 37600769 PMCID: PMC10435884 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by abnormal host response to infection. Millions of people are affected annually worldwide. Derangement of the inflammatory response is crucial in sepsis pathogenesis. However, metabolic, coagulation, and thermoregulatory alterations also occur in patients with sepsis. Fatty acid mobilization and oxidation changes may assume the role of a protagonist in sepsis pathogenesis. Lipid oxidation and free fatty acids (FFAs) are potentially valuable markers for sepsis diagnosis and prognosis. Herein, we discuss inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction during sepsis, focusing on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) alterations in the liver and muscle (skeletal and cardiac) and their implications in sepsis development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renan Muniz-Santos
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Lucieri-Costa
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Matheus Augusto P. de Almeida
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Moraes-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Ribeiro Silva
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cassiano Felippe Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Department of Physiology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Federal Fluminense University, Niteroi, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Pagura L, Dumoulin PC, Ellis CC, Mendes MT, Estevao IL, Almeida IC, Burleigh BA. Fatty acid elongases 1-3 have distinct roles in mitochondrial function, growth, and lipid homeostasis in Trypanosoma cruzi. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104715. [PMID: 37061002 PMCID: PMC10203773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomatids are a diverse group of uniflagellate protozoan parasites that include globally relevant pathogens such as Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Trypanosomes lack the fatty acid synthase system typically used for de novo fatty acid (FA) synthesis in other eukaryotes. Instead, these microbes have evolved a modular FA elongase (ELO) system comprised of individual ELO enzymes (ELO1-4) that can operate processively to generate long chain- and very long chain-FAs. The importance of ELO's for maintaining lipid homeostasis in trypanosomatids is currently unclear, given their ability to take up and utilize exogenous FAs for lipid synthesis. To assess ELO function in T. cruzi, we generated individual KO lines, Δelo1, Δelo2, and Δelo3, in which the genes encoding ELO1-3 were functionally disrupted in the parasite insect stage (epimastigote). Using unbiased lipidomic and metabolomic analyses, in combination with metabolic tracing and biochemical approaches, we demonstrate that ELO2 and ELO3 are required for global lipid homeostasis, whereas ELO1 is dispensable for this function. Instead, ELO1 activity is needed to sustain mitochondrial activity and normal growth in T. cruzi epimastigotes. The cross-talk between microsomal ELO1 and the mitochondrion is a novel finding that, we propose, merits further examination of the trypanosomatid ELO pathway as critical for central metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Pagura
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter C Dumoulin
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cameron C Ellis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Maria T Mendes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Igor L Estevao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Igor C Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Border Biomedical Research Center, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA.
| | - Barbara A Burleigh
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lu K, Wu J, Zhang Y, Zhuang W, Liang XF. Role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (pck1) in mediating nutrient metabolism in zebrafish. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:67. [PMID: 36840800 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-00993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are the most economical source of energy in fish feeds, but most fish have limited ability to utilize carbohydrates. It has been reported that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (pck1) is involved in carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic processes. However, direct evidence is lacking to fully understand the relationship between pck1 and glucose and lipid metabolism. Here, we generated a pck1 knockout zebrafish by CRISPR/cas9 system, and a high-carbohydrate diet was provided to 60 days post-fertilization (dpf) for 8 weeks. We found that pck1-deficient zebrafish displayed decreased plasma glucose, elevated mRNA levels of glycolysis-related genes (gck, pfk, pk), and reduced the transcriptional levels of gluconeogenic genes (pck1, fbp1a) in liver. We also found decreased triglyceride, total cholesterol, and lipid accumulation and in pck1-/- zebrafish, along with downregulation of genes for lipolysis (acaca) and lipogenesis (cpt1). In addition, the observation of HE staining revealed that the total muscle area of pck1-/- was substantially less than that of WT zebrafish and real-time PCR suggested that GH/IGF-1 signaling (ulk2, stat1b) may be suppressed in pck1-deficient fish. Taken together, these findings suggested that pck1 may play an important role in the high-carbohydrate diet utilization of fish and significantly affected lipid metabolism and protein synthesis in zebrafish. pck1 knockout mutant line could facilitate a further mechanism study of pck1-associated metabolic regulation and provide new information for improving carbohydrate utilization traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yanpeng Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wuyuan Zhuang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu-Fang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China. .,Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gwag T, Li D, Ma E, Guo Z, Liang Y, Wang S. CD47 antisense oligonucleotide treatment attenuates obesity and its-associated metabolic dysfunction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2748. [PMID: 36797364 PMCID: PMC9935863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous study from our lab has revealed a new role of CD47 in regulating adipose tissue function, energy homeostasis and the development of obesity and metabolic disease in CD47 deficient mice. In this study, the therapeutic potential of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) targeting to CD47 in obesity and its-associated complications was determined in two obese mouse models (diet induced and genetic models). In diet induced obesity, male C57BL6 mice were fed with high fat (HF) diet to induce obesity and then treated with CD47ASO or control ASO for 8 weeks. In genetic obese mouse model, male six-week old ob/ob mice were treated with ASOs for 9 weeks. We found that CD47ASO treatment reduced HF diet-induced weight gain, decreased fat mass, prevented dyslipidemia, and improved glucose tolerance. These changes were accompanied by reduced inflammation in white adipose tissue and decreased hepatic steatosis. This protection was also seen in CD47ASO treated ob/ob mice. Mechanistically, CD47ASO treatment increased mice physical activity and energy expenditure, contributing to weight loss and improved metabolic outcomes in obese mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that CD47ASO might serve as a new treatment option for obesity and its-associated metabolic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taesik Gwag
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA
| | - Eric Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Zhenheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Shuxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Wethington Bldg. Room 583, 900 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, KY, 40502, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ayyappan P, Larsen TD, Gandy TCT, Louwagie EJ, Baack ML. Impact of Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Diabetes and High-Fat Diet on Postnatal Myocardial Ketone Body Metabolism in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3684. [PMID: 36835096 PMCID: PMC9967912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Infants exposed to diabetic pregnancy are at higher risk of cardiomyopathy at birth and early onset cardiovascular disease (CVD) as adults. Using a rat model, we showed how fetal exposure to maternal diabetes causes cardiac disease through fuel-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, and that a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) exaggerates the risk. Diabetic pregnancy increases circulating maternal ketones which can have a cardioprotective effect, but whether diabetes-mediated complex I dysfunction impairs myocardial metabolism of ketones postnatally remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) from diabetes- and HFD-exposed offspring oxidize ketones as an alternative fuel source. To test our hypothesis, we developed a novel ketone stress test (KST) using extracellular flux analyses to compare real-time ß-hydroxybutyrate (βHOB) metabolism in NRCM. We also compared myocardial expression of genes responsible for ketone and lipid metabolism. NRCM had a dose-dependent increase in respiration with increasing concentrations of βHOB, demonstrating that both control and combination exposed NRCM can metabolize ketones postnatally. Ketone treatment also enhanced the glycolytic capacity of combination exposed NRCM with a dose-dependent increase in the glucose-mediated proton efflux rate (PER) from CO2 (aerobic glycolysis) alongside a decreased reliance on PER from lactate (anaerobic glycolysis). Expression of genes responsible for ketone body metabolism was higher in combination exposed males. Findings demonstrate that myocardial ketone body metabolism is preserved and improves fuel flexibility in NRCM from diabetes- and HFD-exposed offspring, which suggests that ketones might serve a protective role in neonatal cardiomyopathy due to maternal diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prathapan Ayyappan
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Tricia D. Larsen
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Tyler C. T. Gandy
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Eli J. Louwagie
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| | - Michelle L. Baack
- Environmental Influences on Health and Disease Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ling J, Hua L, Qin Y, Gu T, Jiang S, Zhao J. Perfluorooctane sulfonate promotes hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis in high-fat diet mice through AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase (AMPK/ACC) pathway. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:312-322. [PMID: 35999056 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a hepatotoxic environmental organic pollutant that can cause aberrant lipid accumulation in the liver. However, the molecular mechanism underlying PFOS-induced hepatic steatosis remains unclear. Our research showed that subchronic PFOS exposure inhibited AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, leading to increased acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity, attenuated fatty acid β-oxidation, and consequent liver lipid accumulation. We found that 1 mg/kg/day PFOS exposure significantly aggravated steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice, along with reduced AMPK activity. Oil Red O results showed that PFOS exposure caused fat accumulation in HepG2 cells. As predicted, PFOS treatment reduced the level of phosphorylated AMPK in a concentration-dependent manner, leading to subsequent increase in ACC activity and lipid droplet accumulation in HepG2 cells. Treatment with 200-μM AMPK agonist AICAR alleviated PFOS-induced ACC activation and lipid accumulation. In summary, our data highlight a crucial role of AMPK/ACC pathway in PFOS-mediated liver lipid metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Ling
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lu Hua
- Department of Oncology, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Haimen District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, China
| | - Tianye Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shengyang Jiang
- Department of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Jiangsu Nantong Health Higher Vocational Technical School, Nantong, China
| | - Jianya Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lutsiv T, McGinley JN, Neil ES, Foster MT, Thompson HJ. Thwarting Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) with Common Bean: Dose- and Sex-Dependent Protection against Hepatic Steatosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030526. [PMID: 36771233 PMCID: PMC9920904 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis signifies onset of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) caused by disrupted metabolic homeostasis compromising liver function. Regular consumption of common beans reduces the risk of metabolic impairment, but its effective dose, the impact of biological sex, and underlying mechanisms of action are unknown. We fed female and male C57BL6/J mice with obesogenic yet isocaloric diets containing 0%, 17.5%, 35%, and 70% of total dietary protein derived from cooked whole common beans. Liver tissue was collected for histopathology, lipid quantification, and RNA-seq analyses. Beans qualitatively and quantitatively diminished hepatic fat deposition at the 35% dose in female and 70% dose in male mice. Bean-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) most significantly mapped to hepatic steatosis and revealed dose-responsive inhibition of de novo lipogenesis markers (Acly, Acaca, Fasn, Elovl6, Scd1, etc.) and triacylglycerol biosynthesis, activation of triacylglycerol degradation, and downregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1) signaling. Upregulated fatty acid β-oxidation was more prominent in females, while suppression of Cd36-mediated fatty acid uptake-in males. Sex-dependent bean effects also involved DEGs patterns downstream of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and MLX-interacting protein-like (MLXIPL). Therefore, biological sex determines amount of common bean in the diet required to prevent hepatic lipid accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tymofiy Lutsiv
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - John N. McGinley
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Elizabeth S. Neil
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Michelle T. Foster
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Henry J. Thompson
- Cancer Prevention Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-970-491-7748 or +1-970-491-3542
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tabe Y, Konopleva M. Resistance to energy metabolism - targeted therapy of AML cells residual in the bone marrow microenvironment. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:138-150. [PMID: 37065866 PMCID: PMC10099600 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
In response to the changing availability of nutrients and oxygen in the bone marrow microenvironment, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells continuously adjust their metabolic state. To meet the biochemical demands of their increased proliferation, AML cells strongly depend on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Recent data indicate that a subset of AML cells remains quiescent and survives through metabolic activation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which causes uncoupling of mitochondrial OXPHOS and facilitates chemoresistance. For targeting these metabolic vulnerabilities of AML cells, inhibitors of OXPHOS and FAO have been developed and investigated for their therapeutic potential. Recent experimental and clinical evidence has revealed that drug-resistant AML cells and leukemic stem cells rewire metabolic pathways through interaction with BM stromal cells, enabling them to acquire resistance against OXPHOS and FAO inhibitors. These acquired resistance mechanisms compensate for the metabolic targeting by inhibitors. Several chemotherapy/targeted therapy regimens in combination with OXPHOS and FAO inhibitors are under development to target these compensatory pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tabe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 112-8421, Japan
- Department of Medicine (Oncology) and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Medicine (Oncology) and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence to: Prof. Marina Konopleva, Department of Medicine (Oncology) and Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center,1300 Morris Park Avenue, NY 10461, USA; Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Eide M, Goksøyr A, Yadetie F, Gilabert A, Bartosova Z, Frøysa HG, Fallahi S, Zhang X, Blaser N, Jonassen I, Bruheim P, Alendal G, Brun M, Porte C, Karlsen OA. Integrative omics-analysis of lipid metabolism regulation by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor a and b agonists in male Atlantic cod. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1129089. [PMID: 37035678 PMCID: PMC10073473 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1129089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism is essential in maintaining energy homeostasis in multicellular organisms. In vertebrates, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs, NR1C) regulate the expression of many genes involved in these processes. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is an important fish species in the North Atlantic ecosystem and in human nutrition, with a highly fatty liver. Here we study the involvement of Atlantic cod Ppar a and b subtypes in systemic regulation of lipid metabolism using two model agonists after in vivo exposure. WY-14,643, a specific PPARA ligand in mammals, activated cod Ppara1 and Ppara2 in vitro. In vivo, WY-14,643 caused a shift in lipid transport both at transcriptional and translational level in cod. However, WY-14,643 induced fewer genes in the fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway compared to that observed in rodents. Although GW501516 serves as a specific PPARB/D ligand in mammals, this compound activated cod Ppara1 and Ppara2 as well as Pparb in vitro. In vivo, it further induced transcription of Ppar target genes and caused changes in lipid composition of liver and plasma. The integrative approach provide a foundation for understanding how Ppars are engaged in regulating lipid metabolism in Atlantic cod physiology. We have shown that WY-14,643 and GW501516 activate Atlantic cod Ppara and Pparb, affect genes in lipid metabolism pathways, and induce changes in the lipid composition in plasma and liver microsomal membranes. Particularly, the combined transcriptomic, proteomics and lipidomics analyses revealed that effects of WY-14,643 on lipid metabolism are similar to what is known in mammalian studies, suggesting conservation of Ppara functions in mediating lipid metabolic processes in fish. The alterations in the lipid profiles observed after Ppar agonist exposure suggest that other chemicals with similar Ppar receptor affinities may cause disturbances in the lipid regulation of fish. Model organism: Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:389BE401-2718-4CF2-BBAE-2E13A97A5E7B. COL Identifier: 6K72F.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Eide
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anders Goksøyr
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- *Correspondence: Anders Goksøyr,
| | - Fekadu Yadetie
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Alejandra Gilabert
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Science, National Distance Education University (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Zdenka Bartosova
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard G. Frøysa
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Bergen, Norway
| | - Shirin Fallahi
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Computational Biology Unit, Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nello Blaser
- Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Department of Informatics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Guttorm Alendal
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morten Brun
- Department of Mathematics, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Cinta Porte
- Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Odd André Karlsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Chen S, Ye W, Clements KD, Zan Z, Zhao W, Zou H, Wang G, Wu S. Bacillus licheniformis FA6 Affects Zebrafish Lipid Metabolism through Promoting Acetyl-CoA Synthesis and Inhibiting β-Oxidation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010673. [PMID: 36614116 PMCID: PMC9820476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota contributes to energy metabolism, but the molecular mechanisms involved remain less clear. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus regulate lipid metabolism in the host and are thus commonly used as beneficial probiotic supplements. In the present study, Bacillus licheniformis FA6 was selected to assess its role in modulating lipid metabolism of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Combining 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, micro-CT scan, metabolic parameters measurement, and gene expression analysis, we demonstrated that B. licheniformis FA6 changed the gut microbiota composition of zebrafish and increased both the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and lipid accumulation. In terms of metabolites, B. licheniformis FA6 appeared to promote acetate production, which increased acetyl-CoA levels and promoted lipid synthesis in the liver. In contrast, addition of B. licheniformis lowered carnitine levels, which in turn reduced fatty acid oxidation in the liver. At a molecular level, B. licheniformis FA6 upregulated key genes regulating de novo fatty acid synthesis and downregulated genes encoding key rate-limiting enzymes of fatty acid β-oxidation, thereby promoting lipid synthesis and reducing fatty acid oxidation. Generally, our results reveal that B. licheniformis FA6 promotes lipid accumulation in zebrafish through improving lipid synthesis and reducing β-oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weidong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kendall D. Clements
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1024, New Zealand
| | - Ziye Zan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Weishan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Guitang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shangong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-6878-0655
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
RNA-Seq Analysis Identifies Differentially Expressed Genes in the Longissimus dorsi of Wagyu and Chinese Red Steppe Cattle. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010387. [PMID: 36613828 PMCID: PMC9820533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat quality has a close relationship with fat and connective tissue; therefore, screening and identifying functional genes related to lipid metabolism is essential for the production of high-grade beef. The transcriptomes of the Longissimus dorsi muscle in Wagyu and Chinese Red Steppe cattle, breeds with significant differences in meat quality and intramuscular fat deposition, were analyzed using RNA-seq to screen for candidate genes associated with beef quality traits. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the 388 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were involved in biological processes such as short-chain fatty acid metabolism, regulation of fatty acid transport and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. In addition, crystallin alpha B (CRYAB), ankyrin repeat domain 2 (ANKRD2), aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family member A1 (ALDH9A1) and enoyl-CoA hydratase and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (EHHADH) were investigated for their effects on intracellular triglyceride and fatty acid content and their regulatory effects on genes in lipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism pathways. This study generated a dataset from transcriptome profiling of two cattle breeds, with differing capacities for fat-deposition in the muscle, and revealed molecular evidence that CRYAB, ANKRD2, ALDH9A1 and EHHADH are related to fat metabolism in bovine fetal fibroblasts (BFFs). The results provide potential functional genes for maker-assisted selection and molecular breeding to improve meat quality traits in beef cattle.
Collapse
|
39
|
Gómez-Mellado VE, Chang JC, Ho-Mok KS, Bernardino Morcillo C, Kersten RHJ, Oude Elferink RPJ, Verhoeven AJ, Paulusma CC. ATP8B1 Deficiency Results in Elevated Mitochondrial Phosphatidylethanolamine Levels and Increased Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation in Human Hepatoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012344. [PMID: 36293199 PMCID: PMC9604224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP8B1 is a phospholipid flippase that is deficient in patients with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 1 (PFIC1). PFIC1 patients suffer from severe liver disease but also present with dyslipidemia, including low plasma cholesterol, of yet unknown etiology. Here we show that ATP8B1 knockdown in HepG2 cells leads to a strong increase in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) without a change in glycolysis. The enhanced OXPHOS coincides with elevated low-density lipoprotein receptor protein and increased mitochondrial fragmentation and phosphatidylethanolamine levels. Furthermore, expression of phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of mitochondrial-derived phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine, was reduced in ATP8B1 knockdown cells. We conclude that ATP8B1 deficiency results in elevated mitochondrial PE levels that stimulate mitochondrial OXPHOS. The increased OXPHOS leads to elevated LDLR levels, which provides a possible explanation for the reduced plasma cholesterol levels in PFIC1 disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina E. Gómez-Mellado
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jung-Chin Chang
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kam S. Ho-Mok
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Bernardino Morcillo
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco H. J. Kersten
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P. J. Oude Elferink
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur J. Verhoeven
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen C. Paulusma
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dong Q, Yan S, Li D, Zhou C, Tian S, Wang Y, Miao P, Zhu W, Zhu S, Pan C. Feeding foliar nano-selenium biofortified panax notoginseng could reduce the occurrence of glycolipid metabolism disorder in mice caused by high-fat diets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:973027. [PMID: 36091251 PMCID: PMC9450130 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.973027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-selenium (nano-Se) has been extensively explored as a biostimulant for improving the quality of grain crops. However, there are few reports about the effect on the medicinal components of Chinese herbal medicine cultured with nano-Se. Here, we sprayed nano-Se during the cultivation of Panax notoginseng (SePN), and measured the changes of medicinal components compared with conventional Panax notoginseng (PN). Furthermore, we identified a more pronounced effect of SePN on reducing obesity in animals compared with PN. By measuring antioxidant capacity, histopathology, gene expression related to glycolipid metabolism, and gut microbiota composition, we propose a potential mechanism for SePN to improve animal health. Compared with the control groups, foliar spraying of nano-Se increased saponins contents (Rb2, Rb3, Rc, F2, Rb2, and Rf) in the roots of Panax notoginseng, the content of Rb2 increased by 3.9 times particularly. Interestingly, animal studies indicated that taking selenium-rich Panax notoginseng (SePN) can further ameliorate liver antioxidation (SOD, MDA, and GSH) and enzyme activities involved in glycolipid metabolism (ATGL and PFK). It also relieved inflammation and regulated the expression of genes (MCAD, PPAR-α, and PCSK9) related to fatty acid oxidation. The abundance ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and beneficial bacteria abundance (Bifidobacterium, Butyricimonas, and Parasutterella) in gut microbiota were improved relative to the control. In summary, the application of nano-Se on PN may effectively raise the content of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) and immensely lower the risk of metabolic disorders of glycolipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinyong Dong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Yan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunran Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Sinuo Tian
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peijuan Miao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Zhu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, National Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Agricultural Biodiversity, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Canping Pan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Canping Pan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Mumu M, Das A, Emran TB, Mitra S, Islam F, Roy A, Karim MM, Das R, Park MN, Chandran D, Sharma R, Khandaker MU, Idris AM, Kim B. Fucoxanthin: A Promising Phytochemical on Diverse Pharmacological Targets. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:929442. [PMID: 35983376 PMCID: PMC9379326 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.929442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (FX) is a special carotenoid having an allenic bond in its structure. FX is extracted from a variety of algae and edible seaweeds. It has been proved to contain numerous health benefits and preventive effects against diseases like diabetes, obesity, liver cirrhosis, malignant cancer, etc. Thus, FX can be used as a potent source of both pharmacological and nutritional ingredient to prevent infectious diseases. In this review, we gathered the information regarding the current findings on antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, skin protective, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and other properties of FX including its bioavailability and stability characteristics. This review aims to assist further biochemical studies in order to develop further pharmaceutical assets and nutritional products in combination with FX and its various metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mumtaza Mumu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Ayan Das
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Md. Mobarak Karim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Rajib Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Amrita School of Agricultural Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Faculty of Ayurveda, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Talha Bin Emran, ; Abubakr M. Idris, ; Bonglee Kim,
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Romić S, Tepavčević S, Popović T, Zec M, Stojiljković M, Ćulafić T, Bošković M, Korićanac G. Consumption of walnuts suppresses the conversion of palmitic to palmitoleic acid and enhances omega-3 fatty acid metabolism in the heart of fructose-fed rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2022; 73:940-953. [PMID: 35918845 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2022.2107186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Walnut consumption mostly has a positive implication for cardiovascular health. Walnut diet effects on the cardiac fatty acid (FA) metabolism of healthy rats and those with fructose diet-induced metabolic burden were analysed. Both walnuts and fructose increased CD36 transporter level and the nuclear content of some/all of Lipin 1/PPARα/PGC-1 complex partners, as well as cytosolic and nuclear FOXO1. However, fructose, independently of walnuts, increased the content of palmitic (PA), oleic, and vaccenic acid (VA), while in walnut-fed rats failed to increase palmitoleic acid (POA) level and the POA/PA ratio, as well as total MUFA content. In opposite, walnuts reduced the level of PA and VA and increased alpha-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid level, regardless of fructose. In conclusion, both fructose and walnuts stimulated the uptake and oxidation of FA in the heart, but the walnuts, opposite to fructose, favourably altered cardiac FA profile in healthy and metabolically compromised rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Snježana Romić
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Snežana Tepavčević
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Popović
- Centre of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Manja Zec
- Centre of Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism Research, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia.,School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mojca Stojiljković
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tijana Ćulafić
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Bošković
- Laboratory for Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Goran Korićanac
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Jiang N, Xing B, Peng R, Shang J, Wu B, Xiao P, Lin S, Xu X, Lu H. Inhibition of Cpt1a alleviates oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte senescence via regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and activating mitophagy. Mech Ageing Dev 2022; 205:111688. [PMID: 35728631 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2022.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related chronic degenerative disease, and chondrocyte senescence has been established to play an important role in the pathological process. There is ample evidence to suggest that lipid metabolism plays an important role in the aging process. However, the effect of lipid metabolism on chondrocyte senescence and OA remains unclear. Accordingly, we constructed a TBHP-induced senescent chondrocytes model and a destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) mouse model. We found that lipid accumulation and fatty acid oxidation were enhanced in senescent chondrocytes. Interestingly, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (Cpt1a), the rate-limiting enzyme for fatty acid oxidation, was highly expressed in senescent chondrocytes and murine knee cartilage tissue. Suppressing Cpt1a expression using siRNA or Etomoxir, an inhibitor of Cpt1a, could attenuate oxidative stress-induced premature senescence and OA phenotype of primary murine chondrocytes, decrease cellular ROS levels, restore mitochondrial function, and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis via activating mitophagy. In vivo, pharmacological inhibition of Cpt1a by Etomoxir attenuated cartilage destruction, relieved joint space narrowing and osteophyte formation in the DMM mouse model. Overall, these findings suggested that knockdown of Cpt1a alleviated chondrocyte senescence by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction and promoting mitophagy, providing a new therapeutic strategy and target for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Baizhou Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Shang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Biao Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Peilun Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Shiyuan Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianghe Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Huading Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Reed D, Kumar D, Kumar S, Raina K, Punia R, Kant R, Saba L, Cruickshank-Quinn C, Tabakoff B, Reisdorph N, Edwards MG, Wempe M, Agarwal C, Agarwal R. Transcriptome and metabolome changes induced by bitter melon ( Momordica charantia)- intake in a high-fat diet induced obesity model. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:287-301. [PMID: 35493312 PMCID: PMC9039170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a complex disease of physiological imbalances interrelated to abnormal metabolic conditions, such as abdominal obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension. In the present pilot study, we investigated the nutraceutical bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) -intake induced transcriptome and metabolome changes and the converging metabolic signaling networks underpinning its inhibitory effects against MetS-associated risk factors. Experimental procedure Metabolic effects of lyophilized bitter melon juice (BMJ) extract (oral gavage 200 mg/kg/body weight-daily for 40 days) intake were evaluated in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J male mice [fed-high fat diet (HFD), 60 kcal% fat]. Changes in a) serum levels of biochemical parameters, b) gene expression in the hepatic transcriptome (microarray analysis using Affymetrix Mouse Exon 1.0 ST arrays), and c) metabolite abundance levels in lipid-phase plasma [liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics] after BMJ intervention were assessed. Results and conclusion BMJ-mediated changes showed a positive trend towards enhanced glucose homeostasis, vitamin D metabolism and suppression of glycerophospholipid metabolism. In the liver, nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and circadian rhythm signaling, as well as bile acid biosynthesis and glycogen metabolism targets were modulated by BMJ (p < 0.05). Thus, our in-depth transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis suggests that BMJ-intake lowers susceptibility to the onset of high-fat diet associated MetS risk factors partly through modulation of PPAR signaling and its downstream targets in circadian rhythm processes to prevent excessive lipogenesis, maintain glucose homeostasis and modify immune responses signaling.
Collapse
Key Words
- AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase
- BMJ, bitter melon juice
- Bitter melon
- DIO, diet-induced obese
- Diet intervention
- HDL, high density lipoprotein (cholesterol)
- HFD, high fat diet
- HMDB, Human Metabolome Database
- High fat diet-induced obesity
- KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
- LC-MS, liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry
- LDL, low density lipoprotein (cholesterol)
- MetS, Metabolic syndrome
- Metabolic syndrome
- Momordica charantia
- PC, phosphatidylcholine
- PE, phosphatidylethanolamine
- PPARs, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Reed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Division of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Komal Raina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Reenu Punia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rama Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laura Saba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Charmion Cruickshank-Quinn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Boris Tabakoff
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Nichole Reisdorph
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Michael Wempe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Chapla Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rajesh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- University of Colorado Cancer Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mozihim AK, Chung I, Said NABM, Jamil AHA. Reprogramming of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Gynaecological Cancers: Is There a Role for Oestradiol? Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040350. [PMID: 35448537 PMCID: PMC9031151 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynaecological cancers are among the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide. Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming to sustain the production of energy and macromolecules required for cell growth, division and survival. Emerging evidence has provided significant insights into the integral role of fatty acids on tumourigenesis, but the metabolic role of high endogenous oestrogen levels and increased gynaecological cancer risks, notably in obesity, is less understood. This is becoming a renewed research interest, given the recently established association between obesity and incidence of many gynaecological cancers, including breast, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers. This review article, hence, comprehensively discusses how FA metabolism is altered in these gynaecological cancers, highlighting the emerging role of oestradiol on the actions of key regulatory enzymes of lipid metabolism, either directly through its classical ER pathways, or indirectly via the IGIFR pathway. Given the dramatic rise in obesity and parallel increase in the prevalence of gynaecological cancers among premenopausal women, further clarifications of the complex mechanisms underpinning gynaecological cancers are needed to inform future prevention efforts. Hence, in our review, we also highlight opportunities where metabolic dependencies can be exploited as viable therapeutic targets for these hormone-responsive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azilleo Kristo Mozihim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Ivy Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Akmarina B. M. Said
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
| | - Amira Hajirah Abd Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (A.K.M.); (N.A.B.M.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3-7967-4909
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang Y, Yu W, Li S, Guo D, He J, Wang Y. Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases and Diseases. Front Oncol 2022; 12:836058. [PMID: 35359351 PMCID: PMC8963101 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.836058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCs) are enzymes that catalyze the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA. In mammals, ACC1 and ACC2 are two members of ACCs. ACC1 localizes in the cytosol and acts as the first and rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo fatty acid synthesis pathway. ACC2 localizes on the outer membrane of mitochondria and produces malonyl-CoA to regulate the activity of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) that involves in the β-oxidation of fatty acid. Fatty acid synthesis is central in a myriad of physiological and pathological conditions. ACC1 is the major member of ACCs in mammalian, mountains of documents record the roles of ACC1 in various diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, obesity. Besides, acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA are cofactors in protein acetylation and malonylation, respectively, so that the manipulation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA by ACC1 can also markedly influence the profile of protein post-translational modifications, resulting in alternated biological processes in mammalian cells. In the review, we summarize our understandings of ACCs, including their structural features, regulatory mechanisms, and roles in diseases. ACC1 has emerged as a promising target for diseases treatment, so that the specific inhibitors of ACC1 for diseases treatment are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weixing Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dingyuan Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yugang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science of Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cell Architecture Research Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Yugang Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Isesele P, Vaidya H, Gill R, Cheema SK. Treatment of preadipocytes with fish oil, mixed oil, or soybean oil-based lipid emulsions have differential effects on the regulation of lipogenic and lipolytic genes in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2022; 177:102396. [PMID: 35032817 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2022.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The key adipose tissue characteristics are established during early development, where lipids play an essential role. Lipid emulsions used in total parenteral nutrition have different omega-(n) 6 to n-3 fatty acid ratios. A lower n-6:n-3 fatty acid decreases lipid accumulation; however, the effects of lipid emulsions with different n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratios on the programming of preadipocytes to affect lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes is not known. This study compared the effects of Fish oil (FO), Mixed oil (MO), and Soybean oil (SO) based lipid emulsion on genes involved in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and β-oxidation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Preadipocytes were treated with specific lipid emulsions and then differentiated to mature adipocytes in the absence of lipid emulsions. In a separate experiment, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with lipid emulsions to investigate the effects on genes involved in lipolysis. Fatty acid composition, triacylglycerol levels, and the mRNA expression of genes involved in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and β-oxidation were measured. Preadipocytes and mature adipocytes treated with FO showed higher incorporation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, lower triacylglycerol levels, and decreased mRNA expression of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, followed by MO and SO. FO and MO increased the mRNA expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, while FO decreased the mRNA expression of lipolytic genes compared to untreated cells. Our findings suggest that FO programs preadipocytes to prevent adipose tissue dysfunction in mature adipocytes; the effects of FO-based lipid emulsion were followed by MO and SO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Isesele
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Hitesh Vaidya
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Renu Gill
- Janeway Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lee HS, Jeon YE, Jung JI, Kim SM, Hong SH, Lee J, Hwang JS, Hwang MO, Kwon K, Kim EJ. Anti-obesity effect of Cydonia oblonga Miller extract in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6 mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
49
|
Cao Z, Ma B, Cui C, Zhao J, Liu S, Qiu Y, Zheng Y, Gao M, Luan X. Protective effects of AdipoRon on the liver of Huoyan goose fed a high-fat diet. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101708. [PMID: 35150940 PMCID: PMC8844248 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin can participate in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, energy regulation, immune response, resistance to inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Studies in rodents demonstrated that the small molecule compound adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon could activate the adiponectin receptor and played the same biological role as adiponectin. To explore the influence and regulation of AdipoRon on lipid metabolism disorder in Huoyan goose liver, in this study, goslings were fed a high-fat diet and then administered different dosages of AdipoRon. Subsequently, goose body weight, liver index, liver histopathological changes, blood glucose, blood and liver lipid, biochemical indexes related to liver function and oxidative stress, and the expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy, adiponectin and its receptors, key molecules of adiponectin involved signal pathway, and transcription factors in the liver, were detected using H&E and Oil red O staining, ELISA, and qRT-PCR methods. The results indicated that AdipoRon could alter the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes, inflammatory factors, apoptosis and autophagy genes, and adiponectin and its receptor genes in liver tissues through signaling pathways such as AMPK and p38 MAPK, as well as the involvement of transcription factors such as PPARα, PPARγ, SIRT1, and FOXO1, reduce the lipid content in blood and liver tissues of geese fed high-fat diets, improve liver antioxidant capacity, regulate apoptosis and autophagy of hepatocytes, and reduce liver inflammatory injury. Our study suggests that AdipoRon has a protective effect on fatty liver injury in goslings fed a high-fat diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzan Cao
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Chengyu Cui
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Zhao
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Sidi Liu
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Yunqiao Qiu
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China
| | - Xinhong Luan
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Saadat N, Puttabyatappa M, Elangovan VR, Dou J, Ciarelli JN, Thompson RC, Bakulski KM, Padmanabhan V. Developmental Programming: Prenatal Testosterone Excess on Liver and Muscle Coding and Noncoding RNA in Female Sheep. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6413684. [PMID: 34718504 PMCID: PMC8667859 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal testosterone (T)-treated female sheep manifest peripheral insulin resistance, ectopic lipid accumulation, and insulin signaling disruption in liver and muscle. This study investigated transcriptional changes and transcriptome signature of prenatal T excess-induced hepatic and muscle-specific metabolic disruptions. Genome-wide coding and noncoding (nc) RNA expression in liver and muscle from 21-month-old prenatal T-treated (T propionate 100 mg intramuscular twice weekly from days 30-90 of gestation; term: 147 days) and control females were compared. Prenatal T (1) induced differential expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in liver (15 down, 17 up) and muscle (66 down, 176 up) (false discovery rate < 0.05, absolute log2 fold change > 0.5); (2) downregulated mitochondrial pathway genes in liver and muscle; (3) downregulated hepatic lipid catabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling gene pathways; (4) modulated noncoding RNA (ncRNA) metabolic processes gene pathway in muscle; and (5) downregulated 5 uncharacterized long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the muscle but no ncRNA changes in the liver. Correlation analysis showed downregulation of lncRNAs LOC114112974 and LOC105607806 was associated with decreased TPK1, and LOC114113790 with increased ZNF470 expression. Orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis identified mRNAs HADHA and SLC25A45, and microRNAs MIR154A, MIR25, and MIR487B in the liver and ARIH1 and ITCH and miRNAs MIR369, MIR10A, and MIR10B in muscle as potential biomarkers of prenatal T excess. These findings suggest downregulation of mitochondria, lipid catabolism, and PPAR signaling genes in the liver and dysregulation of mitochondrial and ncRNA gene pathways in muscle are contributors of lipotoxic and insulin-resistant hepatic and muscle phenotype. Gestational T excess programming of metabolic dysfunctions involve tissue-specific ncRNA-modulated transcriptional changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saadat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | - Muraly Puttabyatappa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | | | - John Dou
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | - Joseph N Ciarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | - Robert C Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48019-5718, USA
- Correspondence: Vasantha Padmanabhan, PhD, MS, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB1, 1150 W Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48019-5718, USA.
| |
Collapse
|