1
|
Thériault-Couture F, Matte-Gagné C, Bernier A. Executive Functions and Social-Emotional Problems in Toddlerhood: Nature, Persistence, and Direction of Associations. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2024; 52:1383-1395. [PMID: 38668929 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-024-01198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Social-emotional problems can emerge as early as the first years of life and are associated with a broad range of negative outcomes throughout the lifespan. There is convincing evidence that poorer executive functions (EF) are associated with more social-emotional problems during childhood and adolescence. However, the nature, persistence, and direction of the associations between different components of EF and social-emotional problems in toddlerhood remain unclear. Using two complementary statistical approaches, the present study aimed to (a) identify the role of EF components (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory) in the emergence and maintenance of social-emotional problems during toddlerhood, and (b) explore potential bidirectional associations between toddlers' EF and social-emotional problems. EF and social-emotional problems were assessed around 13, 19, and 28 months of age in a sample of 133 typically developing toddlers (51% boys) from mostly White middle-class families. At each time point, EF were measured with three behavioral tasks and social-emotional problems with a well-validated questionnaire completed by mothers. Multilevel growth models revealed a significant increase in social-emotional problems across toddlerhood and a negative association between inhibitory control and social-emotional problems that persisted across time. Controlling for stability across time, cross-lagged panel models indicated that child inhibitory control at 19 months negatively predicted child social-emotional problems at 28 months, but not the reverse. This study highlights that toddlerhood is a period of significant increase in social-emotional problems and provides evidence for the protective role of early inhibitory control skills against the development of social-emotional problems during toddlerhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annie Bernier
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Merín L, Nieto M, Sánchez-Arias L, Ros L, Latorre JM. Actigraphy-assessed sleep duration and quality and executive function in a sample of typically developing preschoolers. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02558-9. [PMID: 39190152 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02558-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for cognitive development and brain maturation during early childhood. Studies focused on preschool populations using objective measures of sleep are still scarce. The objective of this study was to examine the associations between objective measures of sleep duration and quality with executive functioning in a 133 non-clinical sample of Spanish participants (Mage = 60.33 months, SD = 9.04; ages 41-77 months; 51.1% girls). Sleep was assessed for five weeknights using actigraphy; Shape School task was applied to assess inhibition and cognitive flexibility; and Word Span task was used to assess working memory. The results revealed that relation between sleep and executive functioning was significant for inhibition and working memory. Preschoolers with higher sleep efficiency showed better results in executive functioning tasks after controlling for the effect of age. Additionally, age and sleep duration and quality variables were predictive of inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. These results suggest that the different dimensions of sleep could play an important role in the development of executive functions during preschool age. Therefore, improving sleep could lead to an improvement in children's executive functioning in both clinical and educational contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Llanos Merín
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marta Nieto
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain.
| | | | - Laura Ros
- University of Castilla-La Mancha, Faculty of Medicine, Albacete, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Butler B, Burdayron R, Mazor-Goder G, Lewis C, Vendette M, Khoury B, Pennestri MH. The Association Between Infant Sleep, Cognitive, and Psychomotor Development: A Systematic Review. Sleep 2024:zsae174. [PMID: 39158050 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES To synthesize findings of original articles examining the association between sleep-wake patterns of typically developing infants aged 0-to-18 months and cognitive and psychomotor development. METHODS A systematic search strategy was used to identify articles assessing the association between infant sleep (0-to-18 months) and cognitive/psychomotor development (Medline, PsycINFO, SCOPUS). Of 7,136 articles screened, 22 articles met inclusion criteria, and the results were subsequently synthesized. A quality assessment was conducted, and studies were categorized as "poor", "fair", or "good". RESULTS Out of 22 studies, two found exclusively significant associations between infant sleep and cognitive/psychomotor development, three found no significant associations and 17 found mixed results. Studies with exclusively significant results used a single sleep variable and single timepoint designs. Studies finding mixed results or no significant associations used multiple sleep, developmental variables, or multi-timepoint designs. Eight out of 10 studies and seven out of eight studies investigating nocturnal and total sleep duration, respectively, found no significant association with developmental outcomes. While 63% of studies were rated as having good methodological quality, all studies but one had estimated power of less than 0.80. CONCLUSION Findings of this review do not support conclusive associations between sleep-wake patterns in infancy and cognitive/psychomotor development. This conclusion contrasts with the literature in older populations, questioning if the association between sleep and development is of a different nature in infancy, potentially because of brain maturation. More studies including larger samples will be needed to clarify the presence or absence of such an association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Butler
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS-du-Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Burdayron
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS-du-Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gil Mazor-Goder
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Clara Lewis
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Vendette
- Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l'Ile-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Bassam Khoury
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Pennestri
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Hôpital en Santé Mentale Rivière-des-Prairies, CIUSSS-du-Nord-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kikuchi K, Michikawa T, Morokuma S, Hamada N, Ikeda S, Shimada Y, Kato K, Ochiai M, Tsuji M, Shimono M, Yoshino K, Suga R, Kawamoto T, Ohga S. Infants' early recovery from sleep disturbance is associated with a lower risk of developmental delay in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17773. [PMID: 39090186 PMCID: PMC11294529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68672-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To examine whether patterns, such as the timings of onset or recovery from sleep disturbance, are associated with later developmental problems, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Mothers participating in the Japan Environment and Children's Study with a child aged 3 years were included in the analyses. Children were assessed for short sleep and frequent awakenings at 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year of age. Developmental problems were evaluated at 3 years of age based on ASD diagnosis and developmental delay, using the Japanese translation of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) 3rd edition. Sleep disturbance patterns were classified by onset age, and developmental problem risks were examined based on onset/recovery ages. Among 63,418 mother-infant dyads, 0.4% of infants were later diagnosed with ASD, and 14.4% had abnormal scores on any ASQ domains. The later the onset of short sleep, the lower the risk of abnormal ASQ scores (RR of short sleep onset at 1 year: 1.41; 6 months: 1.52; 1 month: 1.57). The earlier the infants recovered from short sleep persistence, the lower the risk of developmental delay (RR of remittance of sleep problems identified at 1 month by 6 months: 1.07; 1 year: 1.31; not before 1 year: 1.57). Although not all patterns were significant, later short sleep onset and earlier recovery were associated with lower ASD risk. These findings may have significant implications for future interventions in infant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimiyo Kikuchi
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Office of International Academic Affairs, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Michikawa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiichi Morokuma
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Norio Hamada
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Subaru Ikeda
- Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Shimada
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ochiai
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tsuji
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shimono
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshino
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Reiko Suga
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kawamoto
- Regional Center for Japan Environment and Children's Study, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shouichi Ohga
- Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin J, Jiang Y, Xiao X, Zhu Q, Wang G, Lin Q, Jiang F. Daytime sleep duration during infancy as an indicator for cognitive development at school age: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Sleep Med 2024; 20:1069-1077. [PMID: 38372158 PMCID: PMC11217639 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.11062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES The reduction in daytime sleep during early life is considered one of the indicators of the maturation of sleep patterns, which is closely associated with cognitive development. The current study aims to analyze the relationships between daytime sleep duration (DSD) during infancy and cognitive development at 6 and 10 years. METHODS The study included 262 mothers with their newborns from the Shanghai Sleep Birth Cohort Study, spanning 11 follow-ups from 42 days to 10 years. Sleep parameters were assessed using parent-reported questionnaires at each follow-up, and cognitive development was evaluated with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition at 6 and 10 years. RESULTS Two distinct DSD trajectories in early childhood were identified: "typical DSD" (66.7%) and "infancy excessive DSD" (33.3%). Children in the "infancy excessive DSD" trajectory exhibited lower working memory scores than those in the "typical DSD" trajectory at 6 years (mean difference = 5.90, 95% confidence interval [1.83, 9.96], P = .005) and 10 years (mean difference = 4.37, 95% confidence interval [0.26, 8.48], P = .037). Additional analysis in a relatively homogeneous sample consistently showed correlations between DSD trajectories and working memory performance. No consistent significant differences were found in other domains of cognitive development. CONCLUSIONS Excessive daytime sleep during infancy may serve as an early indicator for poor working memory at school age. These findings raise concerns about the long-term cognitive development of infants with excessive DSD. CITATION Lin J, Jiang Y, Xiao X, et al. Daytime sleep duration during infancy as an indicator for cognitive development at school age: a prospective cohort study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2024;20(7):1069-1077.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Lin
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanrui Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghai Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmin Lin
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Pediatric Translational Medicine Institute, National Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nigro SE, Peugh J, Yolton K, Chen A, Lanphear BP, Beebe D. Early childhood sleep quantity, but not caregiver-reported sleep problems, predicts impulse control in children at age 8 years. Child Neuropsychol 2024; 30:602-614. [PMID: 37621121 PMCID: PMC10891291 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2247602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Short duration of sleep and poor sleep quality have been linked to poor attention and impulse control in children. We aimed to determine the longitudinal predictive value of sleep quantity and quality during early childhood on objective and caregiver-report measures of attention, impulse control, and executive function in children at age 8 years. We used data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a pregnancy and birth cohort. Caregivers reported on their child's sleep at ages 2, 2.5, 3, 4, and 5 years. Analysis included 410 participants. We used longitudinal growth curve models of early childhood sleep patterns to predict neurobehavioral functioning at age 8 years. Sleep problems did not predict any of our outcome measures at age 8 years. Sleep duration trended shorter as children matured, so predictive models examined both intercept and slope. Children with the least decline in sleep duration across early childhood had fewer impulsive errors at age 8 years on a continuous performance test (unadjusted p = .013; adjusted p = .013). Children with shorter duration of sleep across early childhood had worse caregiver-reported behavioral regulation at age 8 years (unadjusted p = .002; adjusted p = .043). Neither sleep duration slope nor intercept predicted inattention or metacognitive skills at age 8 years (p > .05). Total sleep time across early childhood predicts behavior regulation difficulties in school-aged children. Inadequate sleep during early childhood may be a marker for, or contribute to, poor development of a child's self-regulatory skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Nigro
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James Peugh
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Child and Family Research Institute, BC Children’s and Women’s Hospital, Vancouver, BD, Canada
| | - Dean Beebe
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chandler-Mather N, Crichton A, Shelton D, Harris K, Donovan C, Dawe S. Carer-reported sleep disturbance and carer- and teacher-rated executive functioning in children with prenatal alcohol exposure and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38607688 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2337715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) have high rates of sleep disturbance and marked difficulties with executive functioning (EF). Sleep disturbance has been associated with poorer EF across development in typically developing children. The contribution of insomnia symptoms and nightmares to EF difficulties in children with PAE and FASD is unclear. The current study examined whether caregiver-reported insomnia symptoms and nightmares predicted difficulties with EF in children with PAE who were assessed at FASD diagnostic clinics. Archival data on 116 children with PAE assessed at FASD diagnostic clinics were extracted from databases. Children were assigned to a preschool-age group (3.1 to 5.9 years, n = 40) and a school-age group (5.9 to 10.9 years, n = 76). Insomnia symptoms and nightmares were measured using items extracted from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) while EF was measured using the caregiver and teacher Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) rating forms. Bootstrapped regression models were used examine the effects of insomnia symptoms and nightmares on domains of EF in each group while adjusting for potential confounds. For preschool children, insomnia symptoms were associated with greater daytime tiredness while nightmares were associated with greater difficulties with Emergent Metacognition according to their teachers. For school-age children, insomnia symptoms predicted greater EF difficulties across most domains according to their caregivers but not teachers. Sleep disturbance may compound EF impairments in children with PAE and should be screened for as part of FASD diagnostic assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Crichton
- Victorian Fetal Alcohol Service, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Doug Shelton
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Southport, Australia
| | - Katrina Harris
- Victorian Fetal Alcohol Service, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, Australia
| | - Caroline Donovan
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sharon Dawe
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dimakos J, Gauthier-Gagné G, Lin L, Scholes S, Gruber R. The Associations Between Sleep and Externalizing and Internalizing Problems in Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Empirical Findings, Clinical Implications, and Future Research Directions. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2024; 47:179-197. [PMID: 38302206 DOI: 10.1016/j.psc.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Sleep problems are common in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Externalizing and internalizing problems contribute to dysfunction in youth with ADHD and are amplified by disrupted sleep. This objective of this article is to synthesize empirical studies that examined the associations between sleep and internalizing or externalizing problems in individuals with ADHD. The main findings are that sleep problems precede, predict, and significantly contribute to the manifestation of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems among children and adolescents with ADHD. Clinicians should assess sleep and integrate sleep interventions into the management of youth with ADHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Dimakos
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabrielle Gauthier-Gagné
- Attention Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Lanyi Lin
- Attention Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Samantha Scholes
- Attention Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Reut Gruber
- Attention Behavior and Sleep Lab, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Daniel L, Poliakova P, Stein M, Dunmyer L, Weaver-Rogers S, Garcia W, Santiago GB, Williamson AA. Maternal Perceptions of Evidence-Based Early Childhood Sleep Health Promotion Recommendations: An Explanatory Sequential Study. Behav Sleep Med 2024; 22:87-99. [PMID: 37042454 PMCID: PMC10567985 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2023.2189723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this explanatory sequential design study was to better understand caregivers' perceptions about and interest in evidence-based early childhood sleep health promotion recommendations. METHOD A purposeful sample of mothers of 20 1-5-year-old children (10 children exhibiting optimal sleep and 10 children exhibiting insufficient/fragmented sleep) attending a preschool serving a low socio-economic (SES) status metropolitan community were invited to participate in qualitative interviews. Data were coded according to a grounded theory approach and themes were identified within the optimal and suboptimal sleeper groups. RESULTS Mothers reported different approaches to managing electronics by optimal/suboptimal sleeper group, with mothers of optimal sleepers limiting access to electronics more than mothers in the suboptimal sleep group. Other themes of sleep health practices did not differ meaningfully between groups. CONCLUSIONS Maternal perspectives about early childhood sleep health were similar across optimal and suboptimal sleepers on most elements of child sleep health. Managing child sleep was contextually influenced and these results highlight the complexities of how families living in lower SES environments perceive common sleep recommendations. Thus, sleep health education efforts should be tailored to the needs and values of specific families and communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wanda Garcia
- Rutgers University, Camden
- Early Learning Research Academy, Camden, NJ
| | | | - Ariel A. Williamson
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Luo X, Herold F, Ludyga S, Gerber M, Kamijo K, Pontifex MB, Hillman CH, Alderman BL, Müller NG, Kramer AF, Ishihara T, Song W, Zou L. Association of physical activity and fitness with executive function among preschoolers. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100400. [PMID: 37663042 PMCID: PMC10469079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2023.100400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented in the literature that high levels of regular physical activity (PA), low levels of sedentary behavior (SB), and high levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with superior cognitive functioning, especially with regard to older populations. However, concerning other age groups (e.g., preschoolers) the available evidence documenting such a positive relationship is relatively scarce. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of time spent in different PA intensity zones and CRF with executive functions (EFs) in preschool-age children. To this end, preschoolers (n = 127) aged 3 to 6 years were recruited from 9 kindergarten classes in 2 districts of Shenzhen, China. The amount and the intensity of PA were assessed via accelerometry, and the CRF level was quantified by the 20-meter shuttle run test. EFs including inhibitory control and working memory were assessed using the one-on-one iPad-based Early Year Toolbox. Results suggested that children who had a higher CRF level ("impulse control" scores: β = 0.34, p < .001; "Go" accuracy: β = 0.31, p < .001; "No-Go" accuracy: β =0.28, < .001) and spentmore time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) ("impulse control" scores: β = 0.50, p < .001; No-Go" accuracy: β = 0.52, p < .001) had higher scores on inhibitory control tasks, and those who had a higher CRF level had higher scores on a working memory task (β = 0.24, p < .05). The findings are discussed in light of the positive roles of MVPA and CRF for promoting EFs, but also consider the disproportionate association of PA and CRF with working memory relative to inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
| | - Fabian Herold
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ludyga
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Keita Kamijo
- Faculty of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Chukyo University, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Charles H. Hillman
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement, and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bandon L. Alderman
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, USA
| | - Notger G. Müller
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign, Champaign 61820, IL, USA
| | - Toru Ishihara
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Wook Song
- Department of Kinesiology, Institute of Sport Science / Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Liye Zou
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Foster M, Federico A, Klaiman C, Bradshaw J. Early Sleep Differences in Young Infants with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2023; 44:e519-e526. [PMID: 37556592 PMCID: PMC10592571 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience greater sleep challenges than their neurotypical peers, but sleep patterns for infants later diagnosed with ASD are unknown. This study examined differences in total sleep duration and proportion of sleep experienced at night within the first 6 months of life among infants later diagnosed with ASD, infants who demonstrated subclinical characteristics of ASD and were classified as exhibiting the broad autism phenotype (BAP), and their typically developing (TD) peers. In addition, associations between infant sleep variables and developmental outcomes at 24 months were explored. METHODS Participants included 79 infants enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of the early development of ASD. Between ages 1 week and 6 months, participants completed a monthly retrospective 24-hour sleep log. At 24 months, participants received a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation, including the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-2 and Mullen Scales of Early Learning and Vineland-II and were clinically characterized as ASD, BAP, or TD. RESULTS When accounting for the influence of age, infants later diagnosed with ASD slept less within the 24-hour period than infants in TD or BAP groups from 0 to 6 months ( p = 0.04). Percentage of sleep experienced during nighttime hours did not significantly differ between groups from 0 to 6 months ( p = 0.25). Greater nighttime sleep percentage at 6 months predicted higher receptive language ( p < 0.001) and fine motor scores ( p < 0.0001) at 24 months. Total sleep duration at 6 months did not predict any developmental outcomes at 24 months. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that differences in sleep may occur among autistic individuals earlier in life than previously documented and have cascading effects on development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Foster
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Alexis Federico
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| | - Cheryl Klaiman
- Marcus Autism Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA
- School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jessica Bradshaw
- College of Arts and Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Berger SE, Ordway MR, Schoneveld E, Lucchini M, Thakur S, Anders T, Natale L, Barnett N. The impact of extreme summer temperatures in the United Kingdom on infant sleep: Implications for learning and development. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10061. [PMID: 37344536 PMCID: PMC10284886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The U.S. Global Change Research Program reports that the frequency and intensity of extreme heat are increasing globally. Studies of the impact of climate change on child health often exclude sleep, despite its importance for healthy growth and development. To address this gap in the literature, we studied the impact of unusually high temperatures in the summer of 2022 on infants' sleep. Sleep was assessed objectively using Nanit camera monitors in infants' homes. Generally, sleep was not impacted when temperatures stayed below 88° but was negatively impacted when temperatures reached over 100°. Compared to non-heatwave nights, infants had less total sleep, less efficient sleep, took longer to fall asleep, had more fragmented sleep, and parents' visits were more frequent during the night. Following peaks in temperature, sleep metrics rebounded to better than average compared to non-peak nights, suggesting that infants compensated for disrupted sleep by sleeping more and with fewer interruptions once the temperature dropped below 85°. Increased instances of disrupted sleep in infancy have important implications for psychological health and development. Climate disruptions such as heat waves that create occasional or ongoing sleep disruptions can leave infants vulnerable and unprepared for learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Berger
- College of Staten Island and the Graduate Center of the City University New York, 2800 Victory Blvd., 4S-108, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA.
| | - Monica R Ordway
- Yale School of Nursing, Orange, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, USA
| | - Emiel Schoneveld
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Liza Natale
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Miller SE, Galvagno LG, Elgier Á. Universality and context-specificity in early executive function development. Infant Behav Dev 2023; 71:101841. [PMID: 37167711 PMCID: PMC10344462 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2023.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A renewed interest in early executive function (i.e., EF or the conscious control of thought and behavior) development has led several research groups to suggest that EF may be emerging and is less coordinated (e.g., showing few relations between tasks) in the first few years (Devine et al., 2019; Gago Galvagno et al., 2021; Johansson et al., 2016; Miller & Marcovitch, 2015; Ribner et al., 2022). This potentially universal development in EF does not exclude the possibility that EF may also differ across context (e.g., Gago Galvagno et al., 2021; Lohndorf et al., 2019; Tran et al., 2015) reflecting unique strengths and development built within one's sociocultural environment. The present paper explores potential universal and context-specific early EF developments by focusing on three aims: (1) reviewing work on EF within the first two years of life that may speak to potential universality in the measurement, structure, growth, stability, and conceptualization of early EF (2) reviewing research that may speak to how the sociocultural context may play a role in context-specific development within early EF and (3) examining potential developmental EF frameworks for understanding universal and context-specific developments of early EF within context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Gago Galvagno
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| | - Ángel Elgier
- Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Argentina; Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pittner K, Rasmussen J, Lim MM, Gilmore JH, Styner M, Entringer S, Wadhwa PD, Buss C. Sleep across the first year of life is prospectively associated with brain volume in 12-months old infants. Neurobiol Sleep Circadian Rhythms 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbscr.2023.100091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
|
15
|
Cook G, Appleton JV, Wiggs L. The relationship between parents' cognitions, bedtime behaviours and sleep-related practices with their child's sleep. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13627. [PMID: 35567298 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Certain parental cognitions about child sleep and bedtime behaviours used with their child have been linked to poorer child sleep. However, previous research has focused on mothers and explored only a limited range of sleep-related cognitions and practices. The present study investigated whether parental cognitions and sleep-related practices (both in connection with their own sleep and their child's sleep), alongside the bedtime behaviours used with their child were associated with and/or were predictive of their child's sleep. Mothers and fathers from 44 families (with a child aged 12-24 months) separately completed questionnaires reporting (i) their cognitions (about their own sleep and their child's sleep), (ii) sleep-related practices (used in connection with their own and their child's sleep) and (iii) bedtime behaviours used with their child. Child sleep was assessed through parental report and actigraphy. Both parents' cognitions about their own sleep predicted cognitions about their child's sleep. Mothers' own sleep-related practices predicted the types of practices they used with their child. Different patterns of maternal and paternal variables influenced parental perceptions of their child having a sleep problem. The present findings highlight the importance of including mothers and fathers in child sleep research. Parents' dysfunctional cognitions (their own sleep) and broader sleep-related practices (their own and child sleep) should be considered when exploring influences on child sleep. Results have possible implications for targets of interventions for child sleep problems and also potential implications for theoretical models of child sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Cook
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane V Appleton
- OxINMAHR, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford, Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| | - Luci Wiggs
- Centre for Psychological Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Cai S, Tham EKH, Xu HY, Fu X, Goh RSM, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Yap F, Shek LPC, Hoe Teoh O, Gooley JJ, Yam-Thiam Goh D, Meaney MJ, Schneider N, Rifkin-Graboi A, Broekman BFP. Trajectories of reported sleep duration associate with early childhood cognitive development. Sleep 2023; 46:6820918. [PMID: 36355436 PMCID: PMC9905782 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Examine how different trajectories of reported sleep duration associate with early childhood cognition. METHODS Caregiver-reported sleep duration data (n = 330) were collected using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 months and Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire at 54 months. Multiple group-based day-, night-, and/or total sleep trajectories were derived-each differing in duration and variability. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III (Bayley-III) and the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test- 2 (KBIT-2) were used to assess cognition at 24 and 54 months, respectively. RESULTS Compared to short variable night sleep trajectory, long consistent night sleep trajectory was associated with higher scores on Bayley-III (cognition and language), while moderate/long consistent night sleep trajectories were associated with higher KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores. Children with a long consistent total sleep trajectory had higher Bayley-III (cognition and expressive language) and KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores compared to children with a short variable total sleep trajectory. Moderate consistent total sleep trajectory was associated with higher Bayley-III language and KBIT-2 verbal scores relative to the short variable total trajectory. Children with a long variable day sleep had lower Bayley-III (cognition and fine motor) and KBIT-2 (verbal and composite) scores compared to children with a short consistent day sleep trajectory. CONCLUSIONS Longer and more consistent night- and total sleep trajectories, and a short day sleep trajectory in early childhood were associated with better cognition at 2 and 4.5 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Elaine Kwang Hsia Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hai-Yan Xu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiuju Fu
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rick Siow Mong Goh
- Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette Pei-Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat- National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oon Hoe Teoh
- Respiratory Medicine Service, Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joshua J Gooley
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Daniel Yam-Thiam Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Khoo Teck Puat- National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nora Schneider
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Societé des Produits Nestlé S.A., Switzerland
| | - Anne Rifkin-Graboi
- Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Amsterdam UMC and OLVG Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Lenehan SM, Fogarty L, O’Connor C, Mathieson S, Boylan GB. The Architecture of Early Childhood Sleep Over the First Two Years. Matern Child Health J 2023; 27:226-250. [PMID: 36586054 PMCID: PMC9925493 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-022-03545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The architecture and function of sleep during infancy and early childhood has not been fully described in the scientific literature. The impact of early sleep disruption on cognitive and physical development is also under-studied. The aim of this review was to investigate early childhood sleep development over the first two years and its association with neurodevelopment. METHODS This review was conducted according to the 2009 PRISMA guidelines. Four databases (OVID Medline, Pubmed, CINAHL, and Web of Science) were searched according to predefined search terms. RESULTS Ninety-three studies with approximately 90,000 subjects from demographically diverse backgrounds were included in this review. Sleep is the predominant state at birth. There is an increase in NREM and a decrease in REM sleep during the first two years. Changes in sleep architecture occur in tandem with development. There are more studies exploring sleep and early infancy compared to mid and late infancy and early childhood. DISCUSSION Sleep is critical for memory, learning, and socio-emotional development. Future longitudinal studies in infants and young children should focus on sleep architecture at each month of life to establish the emergence of key characteristics, especially from 7-24 months of age, during periods of rapid neurodevelopmental progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Leanna Fogarty
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Cathal O’Connor
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sean Mathieson
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sleep Patterns in Young Children with Congenital Heart Disease. J Pediatr 2023; 252:198-203.e2. [PMID: 36029823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Sleep patterns of 419 toddlers with congenital heart disease were comparable with the normative population except for increased likelihood across the cohort of sleeping in parents' room and increased disrupted sleep in children aged 18-23 months. Disrupted sleep patterns were associated with lower maternal education and increased medical complexity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Soltani A, Schworer EK, Esbensen AJ. The Mediatory Role of Executive Functioning on the Association Between Sleep and Both Everyday Memory and ADHD Symptoms in Children and Youth With Down Syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 128:82-95. [PMID: 36548372 PMCID: PMC9793936 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-128.1.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
People with Down syndrome (DS) commonly experience challenges with sleep, executive functioning, everyday memory, and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A path analysis was conducted to determine if executive function mediated the relationship between sleep problems and both everyday memory and ADHD symptoms. Parents of 96 children and youth with DS completed questionnaires related to sleep, executive functioning, everyday memory, and ADHD symptoms. Results showed that executive functioning fully mediated the relation between sleep and both everyday memory and ADHD symptoms. Implications for education and intervention for children and youth with DS are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanallah Soltani
- Department of Educational Psychology, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
| | - Emily K. Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Anna J. Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Links between Daytime Napping, Night-Time Sleep Quality and Infant Attention: An Eye-Tracking, Actigraphy and Parent-Report Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9111613. [PMID: 36360341 PMCID: PMC9688297 DOI: 10.3390/children9111613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The current study explored the potential influence of infant sleep, measured by parental report and actigraphy, and family functioning on attention development using eye tracking. The use of actigraphy in parallel with parental report, has the advantage of measuring participant’s sleep throughout the night without parental observation and the ability to objectively assess sleep quality. An eye-tracking version of the Gap-Overlap task was used to measure visual attention. Questionnaires and behavioural assessment were used to assess family function, and general cognitive development. Fifty infants (Mean age = 13.44 months, SD = 3.10) participated in the study, 23 of which had full final datasets. Results show that daytime sleep duration, as measured by parental report, and proportion of light sleep at night, as measured by actigraphy, are linked to visual attention. A higher proportion of light sleep, a marker of poorer sleep quality, and less daytime sleep were negatively linked with facilitation and disengagement on the Gap-Overlap task. Family functioning was not associated with attention. The results provide initial evidence that in addition to the amount of daytime sleep; quality of night-time sleep as measured by proportion of light sleep, is a potentially useful sleep variable which requires further focus in the study of attention development.
Collapse
|
21
|
Klapp JM, Hall TA, Riley AR, Williams CN. Sleep disturbances in infants and young children following an acquired brain injury. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:2387-2395. [PMID: 35801337 PMCID: PMC9516583 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.10116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep disturbances impact over half of older children and teens with acquired brain injury (ABI) following critical care hospitalization but are underevaluated in infants and young children. Given the importance of sleep in brain development and healing after injury, we hypothesized sleep disturbances would be associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with ABI. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 68 children aged 2-32 months following critical care hospitalization for ABI. The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire assessed sleep disturbances. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, third edition and Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, third edition assessed developmental and adaptive functioning outcomes, respectively. t tests compared sleep characteristics in infants with ABI to historical healthy controls. Spearman's correlation evaluated relationships among sleep and outcomes. Multiple linear regression investigated relationships controlling for demographic and ABI characteristics. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, children with ABI had shorter nighttime sleep duration (P = .01), longer daytime sleep duration (P < .001), and longer duration of nighttime awakenings (P < .001). Duration of night awakenings negatively correlated with Bayley Cognitive scores (Spearman's correlation = -.40). Night awakenings negatively correlated with worse Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, third edition General Adaptive Composite scores (Spearman's correlation = -.42). When controlling for demographic and ABI characteristics, ≥ 3 awakenings was significantly associated with worse Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, third edition General Adaptive Composite (β = -11.3; 95% confidence interval = -19.2, -3.5). CONCLUSIONS Sleep disturbances are associated with poorer outcomes in infants and toddlers after ABI. Sleep is vital to recovery and a potentially modifiable target to improve outcomes. CITATION Klapp JM, Hall TA, Riley AR, Williams CN. Sleep disturbances in infants and young children following an acquired brain injury. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(10):2387-2395.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. Klapp
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Trevor A. Hall
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Psychology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Andrew R. Riley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Psychology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Cydni N. Williams
- Pediatric Critical Care and Neurotrauma Recovery Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mills-Koonce WR, Willoughby MT, Short SJ, Propper CB. The Brain and Early Experience Study: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e34854. [PMID: 35767351 PMCID: PMC9280455 DOI: 10.2196/34854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children raised in conditions of poverty (or near poverty) are at risk for nonoptimal mental health, educational, and occupational outcomes, many of which may be precipitated by individual differences in executive function (EF) skills that first emerge in early childhood. OBJECTIVE The Brain and Early Experience study considers prenatal and postnatal experiences that may mediate the association between poverty and EF skills, including neural substrates. This paper described the study rationale and aims; research design issues, including sample size determination, the recruitment strategy, and participant characteristics; and a summary of developmental assessment points, procedures, and measures used to test the study hypotheses. METHODS This is a prospective longitudinal study examining multiple pathways by which poverty influences normative variations in EF skills in early childhood. It is funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and approved by the institutional review board. RESULTS Recruitment is complete with a sample of 203 participants, and data collection is expected to continue from September 2018 to February 2024. Of those recruited as low socioeconomic status (SES), 71% (55/78) reported income-to-needs (ITN) ratios of <2.0, and 35% (27/78) reported ITN ratios of <1.0. Among participants recruited into the not-low SES stratum, only 8.8% (11/125) reported ITN ratios of <2.0, and no participant reported ITN ratios of <1.0. The average ITN ratio for participants recruited into the low-income stratum was significantly lower than the average for the high-income recruitment cell (P<.001). Comparable recruitment outcomes were observed for both Black and non-Black families. Overall, the sample has adequate diversity for testing proposed hypotheses, with 13.3% (27/203) of participants reporting ITN ratios of <1 and >32.5% (66/203) reporting ratios of <2.0. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary results indicate that the recruitment strategy for maximizing variation in family SES was successful, including variation within race. The findings of this study will help elucidate the complex interplay between prenatal and postnatal risk factors affecting critical neurocognitive developmental outcomes in early childhood. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34854.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sarah J Short
- School of Education, University of Wisconsin at Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Cathi B Propper
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang Z, Okely AD, Pereira JR, Sousa-Sá E, Veldman SLC, Santos R. Associations of sleep characteristics with cognitive and gross motor development in toddlers. Sleep Health 2022; 8:350-355. [PMID: 35752562 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine cross-sectional associations of sleep characteristics (duration, consolidation, timing, variability) with cognitive and gross motor development in toddlers. METHODS Participants were 205 toddlers (19.6 ± 4.3 months) from the GET-UP! STUDY Nap/nighttime sleep onset and offset were measured using an accelerometer and used to calculate nap/nighttime sleep duration. Total sleep duration was calculated and classified as meeting or not meeting the sleep recommendation of the Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (11-14 h/d). Nighttime sleep ratio (ie, nighttime sleep duration: total sleep duration), indicative of consolidation, was expressed as a percent value. Nighttime sleep midpoint (ie, the midpoint between nighttime sleep onset and offset), indicating the lateness of sleep schedules, was converted to a decimal hour. For sleep variability, the intraindividual standard deviation of nighttime sleep duration and nighttime sleep midpoint was calculated, respectively. Cognitive development (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III) and specific domains of gross motor development (Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, 2nd edition) were measured. RESULTS Shorter nap duration (B = -0.87, 95%CI: -1.71, -0.02) and higher nighttime sleep ratio (B = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.24) were associated with better cognitive development. Regarding gross motor development, positive associations were found for nighttime sleep duration (object manipulation: B = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.51; gross motor quotient: B = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.04, 2.38) and total sleep duration (object manipulation: B = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.52); negative associations were found for nighttime sleep midpoint (stationary: B = -0.31; 95% CI: -0.58, -0.06) and nighttime sleep duration variability (stationary: B = -0.32, 95% CI: -0.64, -0.004). CONCLUSIONS In toddlers, more consolidated sleep may be an indicator of better cognitive development. Promoting longer and more consistent nighttime sleep duration, as well as an earlier nighttime sleep schedule, may facilitate gross motor development. However, our findings for the associations of sleep characteristics with cognitive and gross motor development need to be confirmed in prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia; Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, NSW, Australia
| | - João R Pereira
- CIDAF (uid/dtp/04213/2016), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; CIDEFES - Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde; Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Sousa-Sá
- CIDEFES - Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde; Universidade Lusófona, Lisbon, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sanne L C Veldman
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rute Santos
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal; Directorate-General of Health, National Physical Activity Promotion Program, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Early life circadian rhythm disruption in mice alters brain and behavior in adulthood. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7366. [PMID: 35513413 PMCID: PMC9072337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy sleep supports robust development of the brain and behavior. Modern society presents a host of challenges that can impair and disrupt critical circadian rhythms that reinforce optimal physiological functioning, including the proper timing and consolidation of sleep. While the acute effects of inadequate sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms are being defined, the adverse developmental consequences of disrupted sleep and circadian rhythms are understudied. Here, we exposed mice to disrupting light–dark cycles from birth until weaning and demonstrate that such exposure has adverse impacts on brain and behavior as adults. Mice that experience early-life circadian disruption exhibit more anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, poorer spatial memory in the Morris Water Maze, and impaired working memory in a delayed match-to-sample task. Additionally, neuron morphology in the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex is adversely impacted. Pyramidal cells in these areas had smaller dendritic fields, and pyramidal cells in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus also exhibited diminished branching orders. Disrupted mice were also hyperactive as adults, but otherwise exhibited no alteration in adult circadian locomotor rhythms. These results highlight that circadian disruption early in life may have long lasting and far-reaching consequences for the development of behavior and the brain.
Collapse
|
25
|
Pecora G, Focaroli V, Paoletti M, Barca L, Chiarotti F, Borghi AM, Gasparini C, Caravale B, Bombaci I, Gastaldi S, Bellagamba F, Addessi E. Infant sleep and development: Concurrent and longitudinal relations during the first 8 months of life. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
26
|
Hendry A, Gibson SP, Davies C, Gliga T, McGillion M, Gonzalez‐Gomez N. Not all babies are in the same boat: Exploring the effects of socioeconomic status, parental attitudes, and activities during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on early Executive Functions. INFANCY 2022; 27:555-581. [PMID: 35102670 PMCID: PMC9304249 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Early executive functions (EFs) lay the foundations for academic and social outcomes. In this parent-report study of 575 UK-based 8- to 36 month olds (218 followed longitudinally), we investigate how variation in the home environment before and during the 2020 pandemic relates to infants' emerging EFs. Parent-infant enriching activities were positively associated with infant Cognitive Executive Function (CEF) (encompassing inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility). During the most-restrictive UK lockdown-but not subsequently-socioeconomic status (SES) was positively associated with levels of parent-infant enriching activities. Parents who regard fostering early learning, affection, and attachment as important were more likely to engage in parent-infant enriching activities, yet there was no significant pathway from parental attitudes or SES to CEF via activities. Infant screen use was negatively associated with CEF and Regulation. Screen use fully mediated the effect of SES on CEF, and partially mediated the effect of SES on regulation. Parental attitudes toward early learning, affection, and attachment did not significantly influence screen use. These results indicate that although parental attitudes influence the development of early EFs, interventions targeting attitudes as a means of increasing enriching activities, and thus EF are likely to be less effective than reducing barriers to engaging in enriching activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Hendry
- Department of Experimental PsychologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | | | - Catherine Davies
- School of Languages, Cultures and SocietiesUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - Teodora Gliga
- School of PsychologyUniversity of East AngliaNorwichUK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hernandez-Reif M, Gungordu N. Infant sleep behaviors relate to their later cognitive and language abilities and morning cortisol stress hormone levels. Infant Behav Dev 2022; 67:101700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2022.101700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
28
|
Bai L, Crosby B, Teti DM. Socioeconomic status and infant nighttime sleep across the second year of life: The moderating role of infant attachment security. Child Dev 2022; 93:845-861. [PMID: 34962285 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined socioeconomic status (SES) and attachment security as predictors of infant nighttime sleep during the second year. Participants included 128 mothers (86% White) with infants (48.4% boys). Data collection took place between April, 2009 and February, 2014. At 12, 18, and 24 months, infant sleep was assessed via actigraphy and daily diaries, and attachment with the Attachment Q-Set. SES indicators included income-to-needs ratios and education. Lower SES predicted greater variability in sleep duration and later sleep timing only for less secure infants. Less secure attachment was associated with poorer sleep at both between- and within-person levels, especially when infants were 12 months of age. Results emphasize the complex interactive effects of environmental and relational factors on infant sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Bai
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian Crosby
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Douglas M Teti
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nieto M, Motos B, Navarro B, Jimeno MV, Fernández‐Aguilar L, Ros L, Ricarte JJ, Latorre JM. Relation between nighttime sleep duration and executive functioning in a nonclinical sample of preschool children. Scand J Psychol 2022; 63:191-198. [DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Nieto
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Beatriz Motos
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Beatriz Navarro
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - María V. Jimeno
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
- School of Law University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Luz Fernández‐Aguilar
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Laura Ros
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jorge J. Ricarte
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| | - Jose M. Latorre
- Department of Psychology University of Castilla La Mancha Albacete Spain
- Applied Cognitive Psychology Unit University of Castilla‐La Mancha Albacete Spain
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cao S, Liu J, Li Y, Xu S, Xia W. Associations of sleep duration with neurocognitive development in the first 2 years of life. J Sleep Res 2022; 31:e13554. [DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Early executive and school functioning: Protective roles of home environment by income. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 78:101369. [PMID: 35058671 PMCID: PMC8765731 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study used data from the Family Life Project (N=1,227), a longitudinal study of child development. We tested a three-way interaction in which positive parenting and learning materials in the home from age 6-36 months and family income predicted children's executive functioning (EF) at 58 months. We also tested whether this interaction predicted early school functioning, specifically behavioral and academic skills in the 1st grade. The interactive effects of positive parenting and learning materials differed by family income. For children in families of lower income, more learning materials and positive parenting predicted better EF, and in turn, better early school functioning. For children in families of higher income, only positive parenting significantly predicted EF, which in turn, predicted better early school functioning. Findings suggest that more targeted policy and program support for enrichment and positive parenting may bolster efforts to combat poverty.
Collapse
|
32
|
Knowland VCP, Berens S, Gaskell MG, Walker SA, Henderson LM. Does the maturation of early sleep patterns predict language ability at school entry? A Born in Bradford study. JOURNAL OF CHILD LANGUAGE 2022; 49:1-23. [PMID: 33531096 DOI: 10.1017/s0305000920000677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Children's vocabulary ability at school entry is highly variable and predictive of later language and literacy outcomes. Sleep is potentially useful in understanding and explaining that variability, with sleep patterns being predictive of global trajectories of language acquisition. Here, we looked to replicate and extend these findings. Data from 354 children (without English as an additional language) in the Born in Bradford study were analysed, describing the mean intercepts and linear trends in parent-reported day-time and night-time sleep duration over five time points between 6 and 36 months-of-age. The mean difference between night-time and day-time sleep was predictive of receptive vocabulary at age five, with more night-time sleep relative to day-time sleep predicting better language. An exploratory analysis suggested that socioeconomic status was predictive of vocabulary outcomes, with sleep patterns partially mediating this relationship. We suggest that the consolidation of sleep patterns acts as a driver of early language development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Berens
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, BN1 9QH, UK
| | - M Gareth Gaskell
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Sarah A Walker
- Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Do preterm babies sleep differently than their peers? Sleep characteristics and their associations with maternal depression and parenting stress. Sleep Med 2022; 90:109-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
34
|
Propper CB, McLaughlin K, Goldblum J, Camerota M, Gueron-Sela N, Mills-Koonce WR, Wagner NJ. Parenting and maternal reported child sleep problems in infancy predict school-age aggression and inattention. Sleep Health 2021; 8:62-68. [PMID: 34980579 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine caregiving predictors of maternal reported sleep problems and child behavioral and cognitive outcomes in early childhood. DESIGN A prospective longitudinal study from 6 to 84 months of age. SETTING Lab visits, assessments, and questionnaires conducted with a community-based sample. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-four African American and White children, their mothers, and teachers. MEASUREMENT Parenting behavior was measured during a free-play task at 6 months of age, maternal-report of child sleep problems was completed at 6 timepoints, and teacher report of child aggression and attention was collected in kindergarten and second grade. RESULTS Latent growth curve modeling revealed that maternal reported sleep problems decreased in children from 18 to 84 months and harsh-intrusive parenting at 6 months predicted sleep problems at 18 months. Maternal reported sleep problems at 18 months predicted aggressive behaviors in kindergarten and second grade. CONCLUSION Parenting at 6 months of age exerts an influence on sleep quality at 18 months which is associated with aggressive behavior in early childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathi B Propper
- Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Kirsten McLaughlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jessica Goldblum
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marie Camerota
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Noa Gueron-Sela
- Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - W Roger Mills-Koonce
- School of Education, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wagner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Roche L, McLay L, Sigafoos J, Whitcombe‐Dobbs S. A review of behavioral treatments for sleep disturbances in civilians who have experienced trauma. BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bin.1853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Roche
- School of Education University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Laurie McLay
- School of Health Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Jeff Sigafoos
- School of Education Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abdul Jafar NK, Tham EKH, Pang WW, Fok D, Chua MC, Teoh OH, Goh DYT, Shek LPC, Yap F, Tan KH, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Meaney MJ, Broekman BFP, Cai S. Association between breastfeeding and sleep patterns in infants and preschool children. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 114:1986-1996. [PMID: 34582549 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although most studies have reported unfavorable short-term effects of breastfeeding on early-childhood sleep-wake behaviors that potentially attenuate over time, findings have remained inconsistent. OBJECTIVES We assessed associations of breastfeeding with longitudinal day-, night-, and total-sleep trajectories and with sleep-wake behaviors in healthy infants and preschoolers. METHODS Caregivers of naturally conceived, term, singleton infants (n = 654) completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (3, 6, 9, 12, 18, and 24 mo) and/or Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (54 mo), and provided information on their infants' breastfeeding status at 3 mo. Trajectory analyses derived 4 day- (n = 243), 3 night- (n = 248), and/or 4 total- (n = 241) sleep trajectories, each differing in length of sleep duration (short/moderate/long) and variability (variable/consistent). Sleep-wake behaviors from 3 to 24 mo (day/night/total-sleep durations and duration/number of night awakenings) were also assessed for associations with breastfeeding. RESULTS After adjusting for potential covariates, formula-fed infants, relative to fully breastfed (predominant or exclusive) infants, were significantly less likely to exhibit moderate (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.70) and long consistent (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.50) night-sleep trajectories and less likely to exhibit moderate (OR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.61) and long consistent (OR: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.38) and long variable (OR: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.56) total-sleep trajectories, instead of short variable night- and total-sleep trajectories. Partially breastfed infants did not differ from fully breastfed infants for both night- and total-sleep trajectories. No significant differences were found between all groups for day-sleep trajectories. Fully breastfed infants had longer night- (6, 9, 12, and 24 mo) and total- (3 and 12 mo) sleep durations than formula-fed infants, albeit a greater number of night awakenings (from 6 to 12 mo). CONCLUSIONS Despite more night awakenings, fully breastfed infants have overall longer night- and total-sleep durations (sleep trajectories) than formula-fed infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nur K Abdul Jafar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Elaine K H Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Wei W Pang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Doris Fok
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mei C Chua
- Department of Neonatology, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Oon-Hoe Teoh
- Department of Paediatrics, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Daniel Y T Goh
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette P-C Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatrics, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Kok H Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yap-Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Birit F P Broekman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, OLVG and Amsterdam UMC, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shirong Cai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Concordance between subjective and objective measures of infant sleep varies by age and maternal mood: Implications for studies of sleep and cognitive development. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 66:101663. [PMID: 34826651 PMCID: PMC8803548 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Infant habitual sleep has been proposed as an important moderator of development in domains such as attention, memory or temperament. To test such hypotheses, we need to know how to accurately and consistently assess habitual sleep in infancy. Common assessment methods include easy to deploy but subjective parent-report measures (diary/sleep questionnaire); or more labour-intensive but objective motor movement measures (actigraphy). Understanding the degree to which these methods provide converging insights is important, but cross-method agreement has yet to be investigated longitudinally. Moreover, it is unclear whether concordance systematically varies with infant or maternal characteristics that could represent confounders in observational studies. This longitudinal study (up to 4 study visits/participant) investigated cross-method concordance on one objective (7-day actigraphy) and three commonly used subjective (7-day sleep diary, Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire, Sleep & Settle Questionnaire) sleep measures in 76 typically developing infants (age: 4–14 months) and assessed the impact of maternal characteristics (stress, age, education) and infant characteristics (age) on cross-method concordance. In addition, associations between objective and subjective sleep measures and a measure of general developmental status (Ages & Stages Questionnaire) were investigated. A range of equivalence analyses (tests of equivalence, correlational analyses, Bland-Altman plots) showed mixed agreement between sleep measures. Most importantly, cross-method agreement was associated with maternal stress levels and infant age. Specifically, agreement between different measures of night waking was better for mothers experiencing higher stress levels and was higher for younger than older infants; the reverse pattern was true for day sleep duration. Interestingly, objective and subjective measures did not yield the same patterns of association with developmental domains, indicating that sleep method choice can influence which associations are found between sleep and cognitive development. However, results converged across day sleep and problem-solving skills, highlighting the importance of studying day sleep in future studies. We discuss implications of sleep method choice for investigating sleep in the context of studying infant development and behaviour. A range of equivalence analyses showed mixed agreement between subjective and objective sleep measures. Cross-method agreement was associated with maternal stress levels and infant age. Objective and subjective measures did not yield the same patterns of association with developmental domains except for day sleep duration.
Collapse
|
38
|
Fu X, Lovell AL, Braakhuis AJ, Mithen RF, Wall CR. Type of Milk Feeding and Introduction to Complementary Foods in Relation to Infant Sleep: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13114105. [PMID: 34836365 PMCID: PMC8625541 DOI: 10.3390/nu13114105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inconsistent conclusions from infant sleep and feeding studies may influence parents feeding-related decisions. This study aimed to systematically review the existing literature on infant sleep and its relation to the timing of introduction to complementary foods and type of milk feeding to better understand their role(s) in infant sleep. Cohort, longitudinal, cross-sectional studies, and controlled trials were identified using online searches of five databases up to April 2020. Twenty-one articles with a total of 6225 infants under 12 months-of-age were eligible. Exclusively breastfed infants (≤6 months-of-age) had a greater number of night wakings, but most studies (67%) reported no difference in night-time and 24 h sleep duration compared to formula-fed infants. However, after 6 months-of-age, most studies (>65%) reported breastfed infants to sleep less in the night-time and over 24 h compared to formula-fed infants. Furthermore, studies reported no association between the timing of introduction to complementary foods and infant sleep duration (<12 months-of-age). Future studies using standardized methodologies and definitions, transdisciplinary expertise, and longitudinal design are required to better understand the complex role of feeding on sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Fu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Amy L. Lovell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Andrea J. Braakhuis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Richard F. Mithen
- The Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
| | - Clare R. Wall
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand; (X.F.); (A.L.L.); (A.J.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bates RA, Singletary B, Dynia JM, Justice LM. Temperament and sleep behaviors in infants and toddlers living in low-income homes. Infant Behav Dev 2021; 65:101657. [PMID: 34715609 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2021.101657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Temperament is a dynamic trait that can be shaped by maturity and environmental experiences. In this study, we sought to determine whether and the extent to which temperament was predicted by sleeping behaviors in an understudied sample of primarily Black and White infants and toddlers living in low-income homes (N = 150). Sleeping behaviors were assessed at 15-19 months of age with caregiver report of the Tayside Children's Sleep Questionnaire. Temperament was examined as effortful control, negativity, and surgency with the Infant Behavior Questionnaire Very Short Form at 9-12 months of age and with the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire Short Form at 20-24 months of age. Covariates were maternal education, household income, and child sex and race. Continuous variables were standardized, then missing data from independent variables were multiply imputed in 20 datasets. Regression analyses showed that about 1 SD improvement in toddler sleep behaviors significantly predicted about 1/5 SD better toddler effortful control. However, sleep behaviors did not significantly predict toddler surgency or negative affect. This study shows that for a sample of infants and toddlers in low-income homes, how a child learns to regulate sleeping behaviors may influence the development of overall effortful control about six months later.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Britt Singletary
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Dynia
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
| | - Laura M Justice
- The Ohio State University Crane Center for Early Childhood Research and Policy, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Larsen KL, Jordan SS. Factors associated with consistent bedtime routines and good sleep outcomes. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1981331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristy L. Larsen
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| | - Sara S. Jordan
- School of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Morales-Muñoz I, Nolvi S, Mäkelä T, Eskola E, Korja R, Fernandes M, Karlsson H, Paavonen EJ, Karlsson L. Sleep during infancy, inhibitory control and working memory in toddlers: findings from the FinnBrain cohort study. SLEEP SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s41606-021-00064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sleep difficulties are associated with impaired executive functions (EFs) in school-aged children. However, much less is known about how sleep during infancy relates to EF in infants and toddlers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether parent-reported sleep patterns at 6 and 12 months were associated with their inhibitory control (IC) and working memory (WM) performances at 30 months.
Methods
This study included children whose parents filled in a sleep questionnaire at 6 or 12 months and who participated in the development assessment at 30 months (initial available sample at 30 months; N = 472). The final sample comprised (a) 359 infants with IC task and sleep questionnaire at 6 months and 322 toddlers at 12 months and (b) 364 infants with WM task and sleep questionnaire at 6 months and 327 toddlers at 12 months. Nighttime, daytime and total sleep duration, frequency of night awakenings, time awake at night, and proportion of daytime sleep were assessed at 6 and 12 months using the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire. IC at 30 months was measured using a modified version of the Snack Delay task, and WM was measured at 30 months using the Spin the Pots task. Further, children were divided into three groups (i.e., “poor sleepers”, “intermediate sleepers”, and “good sleepers”) based on percentile cut-offs (i.e., <10th, 10th–90th and > 90th percentiles) to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the direction and nature of the associations between sleep and EF in early childhood.
Results
Our results showed an inverted U-shaped association between proportion of daytime sleep at 12 months and IC at 30 months, indicating that average proportions of daytime sleep were longitudinally associated with better IC performance. Furthermore, a linear relation between time awake at night at 12 months and WM at 30 months was found, with more time awake at night associating with worse WM.
Conclusions
Our findings support the hypothesis that sleep disruption in early childhood is associated with the development of later EF and suggest that various sleep difficulties at 12 months distinctively affect WM and IC in toddlers, possibly in a nonlinear manner.
Collapse
|
42
|
Seehagen S, Charlton S, Starkey N, Fallaize A, Brown J, Jones K. The role of prior sleep for divergent thinking in infants. J Sleep Res 2021; 31:e13457. [PMID: 34337813 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Higher-order cognitive functions seem particularly vulnerable to disruptions in prior sleep in school-aged children and adult populations. This study tested whether divergent thinking in infants varied as a function of prior sleep. Forty-three infants aged 13-16 months participated in a behavioural assessment of divergent thinking. Length of wakefulness since last sleep was experimentally manipulated. In addition, potential relations between divergent thinking and sleep quantity and quality during the night immediately before the assessment, as well as during three consecutive nights preceding the assessment, were examined using actigraphy recordings in combination with parent diaries. Divergent thinking was not impaired by lack of sleep within the previous 4 h. Divergent thinking was consistently related to night-time sleep quality and quantity prior to the assessment. These results suggest that timing of prior naturally occurring daytime sleep is less relevant for emergent divergent thinking capacity than quality and quantity of preceding night-time sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Seehagen
- University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand.,Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | | | - Amy Fallaize
- Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kelly Jones
- Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sleep and self-control: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2021; 59:101514. [PMID: 34157493 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling impulses and overcoming temptations (i.e., self-control) are key aspects of living a productive life. There is a growing yet disperse literature indicating that sleep is an important predictor of self-control. The goal of this meta-analysis is to empirically integrate the findings from multiple literatures, and investigate whether sleep quality, and sleep duration predict self-control. To provide a thorough understanding of the proposed relationships, this meta-analysis also investigated potential differences between the level of analysis (between-individual vs. within-individual), research design (experiment vs. correlation; and cross-sectional vs. time-lagged), and types of measure (subjective vs. objective for sleep and self-control). A systematic review was conducted through ABI/Inform (including PsycInfo), ERIC, ProQuest Dissertation & Theses, PubMed, and Psychology Database using keywords related to self-control and sleep. Sixty-one independent studies met the inclusion criteria. The results, in general, suggest that sleep quality (between-individual 0.26, CI 0.21; 0.31; and within-individual 0.35, CI 0.24; 0.45), and sleep duration (between-individual 0.14, CI 0.07; 0.21; and within-individual 0.20, CI 0.09; 0.31) are all related to self-control. Given the impact of self-control on how individuals live productive lives, a future research agenda should include a deeper investigation in the causal process (potentially via prefrontal cortex activity) linking sleep and self-control, and an examination of the moderators (individual and contextual variables) that could impact the relationship between sleep and self-control.
Collapse
|
44
|
Tesfaye R, Wright N, Zaidman-Zait A, Bedford R, Zwaigenbaum L, Kerns CM, Duku E, Mirenda P, Bennett T, Georgiades S, Smith IM, Vaillancourt T, Pickles A, Szatmari P, Elsabbagh M. 'Investigating longitudinal associations between parent reported sleep in early childhood and teacher reported executive functioning in school-aged children with autism'. Sleep 2021; 44:6275587. [PMID: 33987680 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Up to 80% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep disturbance. Poor sleep impairs executive functioning (EF), a lifelong difficulty in ASD. Evidence suggests EF difficulties in ASD are exacerbated by poor sleep. We examine whether early childhood sleep disturbances are associated with worsening EF trajectories in school-aged children with ASD. A subsample (n=217) from the Pathways in ASD longitudinal study was analyzed. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire captured sleep duration, onset, and night awakenings before age 5 (Mean=3.5years). Metacognition (MI) and Behavioral Regulation (BRI) indices, on the Teacher Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning, were used to measure cognitive and affective components of EF respectively at four time-points (7.8-11.8years). We applied latent growth curve models to examine associations between sleep and EF, accounting for relevant covariates, including school-age sleep (Mean=6.7years). Sleep traits had different age-related impacts on behavioral regulation, but not metacognition. Longer sleep onset at 3.5 years was associated with a worsening BRI difficulties slope (b=2.07, p<0.04), but conversely associated with lower BRI difficulties at 7.7 years (b=-4.14, p=0.04). A longer sleep onset at 6.7 years was related to higher BRI difficulties at 7.7 years (b=7.78, p<0.01). Longer sleep duration at 6.7 years was associated with higher BRI difficulties at age 7.7 (b=3.15, p=0.01), but subscale analyses revealed shorter sleep duration at age 6.7 was linked to a worsening inhibition slope (b=-0.60, p=0.01). Sleep onset is a robust early correlate of behavior regulation in children with ASD, whereas sleep duration is a later childhood correlate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rackeb Tesfaye
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Nicola Wright
- King's College London, Biostatistics and Health Informatics Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Anat Zaidman-Zait
- Tel Aviv University, Department of Educational Sciences, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rachael Bedford
- King's College London, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,University of Bath, Department of Psychology, Bath, UK
| | | | - Connor M Kerns
- University of British Columbia, Department of Psychology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Eric Duku
- McMaster University, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Pat Mirenda
- University of British Columbia, Education and Counseling Psychology, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Teresa Bennett
- McMaster University, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Stelios Georgiades
- McMaster University, Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Isabel M Smith
- Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Pediatrics, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - Andrew Pickles
- King's College London, Biostatistics and Health Informatics Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Szatmari
- University of Toronto, Department of Psychiatry, Toronto, Canada.,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Child and Youth Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.,SickKids Department of Psychiatry, child and adolescent psychiatry, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mayada Elsabbagh
- Montreal Neurological Institute, Azrieli Centre for Autism Research, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Horger MN, Marsiliani R, DeMasi A, Allia A, Berger SE. Researcher Choices for Infant Sleep Assessment: Parent Report, Actigraphy, and a Novel Video System. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 2021; 182:218-235. [PMID: 33845712 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2021.1905600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Incorporating infant sleep, either as a predictor or as an outcome variable, into interdisciplinary work has become increasingly popular. Sleep researchers face many methodological choices that have implications for the reliability and validity of the data. Here, the authors directly investigated the impact of design and measurement choices in a small, longitudinal sample of infants. Three sleep measurement techniques-parent-reported sleep diaries, actigraphy (Micromini Sleep Watch), and a commercial videosomnography (Nanit)-were included, using actigraphy as the baseline. Nine infants' sleep (4 girls) was measured longitudinally using all three measurement techniques. Nanit provided summary statistics, using a proprietary algorithm, for nightly sleep parameters. The actigraphy data were analyzed with both the Sadeh Infant and Sadeh algorithms. The extent to which measurements converged on sleep start and end time, number of wake episodes, sleep efficiency, and sleep duration was assessed. Measures were positively correlated. Difference scores revealed similar patterns of greater sleep estimation in parent reports and Nanit compared with actigraphy. Bland-Altman plots revealed that much of the data were within the limits of agreement, tentatively suggesting that Nanit and actigraphy may be used interchangeably. Graphs display significant variability within and between individual infants as well as across measurement techniques. Potential confounding variables that may explain the discrepancies between parent report, Sadeh Infant, Sadeh, and Nanit are discussed. The findings are also used to speak to the advantages and disadvantages of design and measurement choices. Future directions focus on the unique contributions of each measurement technique and how to capitalize on them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N Horger
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruth Marsiliani
- Department of Psychology, The College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Aaron DeMasi
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Angelina Allia
- Department of Psychology, The College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah E Berger
- Department of Psychology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, The College of Staten Island, City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang Z, Adamo KB, Ogden N, Goldfield GS, Okely AD, Kuzik N, Crozier M, Hunter S, Predy M, Carson V. Associations between sleep duration, adiposity indicators, and cognitive development in young children. Sleep Med 2021; 82:54-60. [PMID: 33894492 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the associations between sleep duration, adiposity indicators, and cognitive development in young children. METHODS Participants were 217 children aged 19-60 months in Canada in the supporting Healthy physical AcTive Childcare setting (HATCH) study. Nap duration and nighttime sleep duration were assessed using a parent questionnaire and were summed up as total sleep duration. Body mass index (BMI) z-scores and weight status were determined using the World Health Organization growth standards. Expressive vocabulary and working memory were assessed using the Early Years Toolbox in preschoolers only (36-60 months; n = 101). Mixed models (BMI z-score, expressive vocabulary) and generalized mixed models (weight status, working memory) were conducted. RESULTS A linear association between total sleep duration and BMI z-score (B = -0.12; 95% CI: -0.23, -0.01) were observed. Compared to children having nighttime sleep within ±1SD (9.13-11.13 h/d) of the mean, those having shorter nighttime sleep had higher BMI z-scores (B = 0.39; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.73) and an increased risk of being overweight (OR = 4.54; 95% CI: 1.39, 14.81). Nap duration was not associated with adiposity indicators. In preschoolers, sleep duration was not associated with expressive vocabulary. Total sleep duration and nap duration were not associated with working memory. However, non-nappers were more likely to have greater working memory (OR = 4.04; 95% CI: 1.09, 14.92) compared to those having nap duration within ±1SD (0.46-2.18 h/d) of the mean. CONCLUSION Promoting longer total sleep, including more than nine hours of nighttime sleep, appears important for maintaining healthy adiposity levels in young children. Cessation of napping may be associated with better working memory in preschoolers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguang Zhang
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kristi B Adamo
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy Ogden
- Faculty of Arts, Mount Royal University, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony D Okely
- Early Start and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Faculty of Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas Kuzik
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mitchell Crozier
- Faculty of Health Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Hunter
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Madison Predy
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Heller NA, Shrestha H, Morrison DG, Daigle KM, Logan BA, Paul JA, Brown MS, Hayes MJ. Neonatal sleep development and early learning in infants with prenatal opioid exposure. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:199-228. [PMID: 33641794 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this chapter is to examine the role of sleep and cognition in the context of the cumulative risk model examining samples of at-risk infants and maternal-infant dyads. The cumulative risk model posits that non-optimal developmental outcomes are the result of multiple factors in a child's life including, but not limited to, prenatal teratogenic exposures, premature birth, family socioeconomic status, parenting style and cognitions as well as the focus of this volume, sleep. We highlight poor neonatal sleep as both an outcome of perinatal risk as well as a risk factor to developing attentional and cognitive capabilities during early childhood. Outcomes associated with and contributing to poor sleep and cognition during infancy are examined in relation to other known risks in our clinical population. Implications of this research and recommendations for interventions for this population are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Heller
- Department of Psychology, Siena College, Loudonville, NY, United States
| | - Hira Shrestha
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Deborah G Morrison
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Katrina M Daigle
- Department of Psychology, Suffolk University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Beth A Logan
- Hillman Center for Pediatric Transplantation, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jonathan A Paul
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States
| | - Mark S Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Northern Light Eastern Maine Medical Center, Bangor, ME, United States
| | - Marie J Hayes
- Department of Psychology and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Nelson TD, Johnson AB, Ramsdell EL, Brock RL. Individual differences in the effects of child sleep problems on early executive functioning. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:179-195. [PMID: 33641793 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is a critical health behavior with important implications for child development. This chapter discusses the effects of sleep problems on early child executive functioning (EF), with an emphasis on individual differences that might moderate this relationship. Specifically, we (1) provide a brief background on sleep and EF in early childhood; (2) review literature on the association between sleep and EF; (3) review literature on individual differences in the effects of sleep problems on EF; (4) offer recommendations for future research on moderators of the sleep-EF association, and (5) briefly describe an ongoing study examining the moderators of the sleep-EF association within a longitudinal study from pregnancy to preschool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
| | - Anna B Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Erin L Ramsdell
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - Rebecca L Brock
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Basile C, Gigliotti F, Cesario S, Bruni O. The relation between sleep and neurocognitive development in infancy and early childhood: A neuroscience perspective. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:9-27. [PMID: 33641802 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is essential for human life. It has different characteristics in the early stages of life compared to later periods: during development, qualitative and quantitative changes in sleep features occur such as the onset of REM/NREM sleep at 3 months, the progressive increase of night sleep duration, and the reduction of total sleep time. Sleep seems to be essential in the cognitive functions' development, especially in the first period of life. Indeed, higher rates of night sleep at the age of 12 and 18 months are associated with higher executive functions' performance. Furthermore, memory consolidation occurs during sleep and sleep contributes to children's learning not only in retaining information but also in organizing memories most efficiently. Therefore, sleep problems could cause negative effects on some features of cognitive development like memory, executive functions, and learning process. There is also an intimate relationship between sleep and regulation of emotional brain functions, with a link between sleep disturbance and behavioral problems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Basile
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Gigliotti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cesario
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Breitenstein RS, Hoyniak CP, McQuillan ME, Bates JE. Sleep and self-regulation in early childhood. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2021; 60:111-137. [PMID: 33641790 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
What is the role of sleep in children's behavioral, emotional, and cognitive regulation? This chapter considers theoretical and conceptual links between sleep and self-regulation, with special attention to sleep and self-regulation in early childhood. We selectively review the growing body of research on associations between sleep and self-regulation, mentioning some methodological issues. We also consider how child characteristics and sociocontextual factors may interact with sleep in the development of self-regulation in early childhood. We provide some relevant empirical examples from our own research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reagan S Breitenstein
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.
| | - Caroline P Hoyniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Maureen E McQuillan
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - John E Bates
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|