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Olmos-Gómez MDC, Portillo-Sánchez R, Mohamed-Mohand L, Estrada-Vidal LI. Promotion of Values Education (Factors Involved in Prosocial Behaviors and Volunteering). Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:411-431. [PMID: 38391495 PMCID: PMC10888140 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14020028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Prosocial behavior aligns with the current societal model, where human values hold greater importance considering cultural, social, and personal variables that may influence the opportunity to benefit others. Hence, the objective of this research was established: to understand how diverse factors influence the values of young people, aiming to promote education and enhance prosocial behavior. (2) Methods: This study is quantitative research employing an empirical-analytical, cross-sectional social research method. A validated instrument was used with a sample of 1702 individuals from the city of Melilla, noteworthy for its multicultural context due to its location in North Africa. (3) Results: Inferential analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to predict future behaviors, focusing on the factors influencing values. Various models were employed, incorporating twelve variables and four scales: sociability, transcendence, culture, and effects. (4) Conclusions: The results and conclusions suggest the need to enhance affect and sociability, primarily among the most prominent factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Carmen Olmos-Gómez
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Portillo-Sánchez
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Laila Mohamed-Mohand
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Ligia Isabel Estrada-Vidal
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Li X, Chen SH, Lee CY, Li A, Gao M, Cai X, Hsueh SC, Chiang YC. Mediating Effects of Academic Self-Efficacy and Depressive Symptoms on Prosocial/Antisocial Behavior Among Youths. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2023:10.1007/s11121-023-01611-4. [PMID: 37940781 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-023-01611-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period during which youth develop and shape their behaviors. Because differences between youths are strongly connected to environmental factors, we aimed to elucidate possible pathways from home-school regulation and atmosphere to youths' prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Data were derived from the China Education Panel Survey. This study involved a total of 9291 students aged 14-15 years (4834 boys, 4457 girls). We used structural equation modeling (SEM) with LISREL 8.80 and Monte Carlo resampling with R to conduct the analysis strategy. In the home-school regulation, parental supervision on the one hand and teacher criticism on the other hand have direct positive and negative predictive effects on youths' prosocial behaviors, respectively, while their direct effects on antisocial behavior are the opposite; teachers praise does not directly affect adolescents' prosocial and antisocial behaviors. In the home-school atmosphere, family interaction and perceived good class climate directly positively affect youths' prosocial behaviors, while the direct effects of both on antisocial behavior are not significant. The SEM results reveal that academic self-efficacy and depressive symptoms may be underlying mediating mechanisms through which home-school regulation and atmosphere during adolescence affect students' prosocial and antisocial behaviors. Intervention programs targeting home-school supportive environments and prevention programs targeting positive emotion and self-awareness may yield benefits for proper social behavior in adolescents. For example, by enhancing the way and frequency of parent-child interaction, teachers and students jointly create a good class climate of care and friendship to strengthen a home-school supportive environment. Improve adolescents' positive emotions such as contentment, optimism, and hope to reduce the possibility of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shih-Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- BIORAY Medical Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun-Yang Lee
- School of International Business, Xiamen University Tan Kah Kee College, Zhangzhou, China
| | - An Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Health Supervision of Zhangzhou Health Bureau, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xinlan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shao-Chieh Hsueh
- School of Economics and Management, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China.
| | - Yi-Chen Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Yang S, Zhu X, Li W, Zhao H. Associations between teacher-student relationship and externalizing problem behaviors among Chinese rural adolescent. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1255596. [PMID: 38023020 PMCID: PMC10652406 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1255596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study is to present a fresh perspective on the correlation between teacher-student relationships and externalizing problem behaviors among adolescents. While previous research has examined this connection, there is still an insufficient understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, the crucial role of peer relationships, mental health, and parental knowledge has been overlooked. In this study, a total of 6,919 Chinese rural adolescents aged 13-19 years participated by completing an anonymous self-report questionnaire. The results show that: (1) teacher-student relationship has a protective effect against the development of externalizing problem behaviors; (2) peer relationship and mental health both have a mediating role in the relationship between teacher-student relationship and externalizing problem behaviors; (3) teacher-student relationship can indirectly affect externalizing problem behaviors through the chain mediation of peer relationship and mental health; (4) parental knowledge plays a moderating role between the teacher-student relationship and externalizing problem behaviors. As the level of parental knowledge increases among rural adolescents, the impact of the teacher-student relationship on externalizing problem behaviors becomes more pronounced; and (5) the impact of teacher-student relationship on externalizing problem behaviors has no significant gender differences. Given the study's empirical outcomes, we discuss potential explanations and advocate for a comprehensive pedagogical approach to mitigate rural adolescent externalizing behaviors. This entails nurturing teacher-student relations, fostering inclusive peer environments, emphasizing mental health literacy, and synergizing with caregivers for a holistic home-school intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Yang
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xingchen Zhu
- College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Wencan Li
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Haohan Zhao
- School of Chinese Language and Literature, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
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Li D, Li W, Zhu X. Parenting style and children emotion management skills among Chinese children aged 3-6: the chain mediation effect of self-control and peer interactions. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1231920. [PMID: 37790239 PMCID: PMC10543697 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1231920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Drawing on ecosystem theory, which is based on the interaction of family environment, individual characteristics, and social adaptation, this study aimed to examine the effects of parenting style on emotion management skills and the mediating roles of self-control and peer interactions among Chinese children aged 3-6 years. Some studies have investigated the relationship between parenting style and emotion management skills. However, research on the underlying mechanisms is still deficient. A sample of 2,303 Chinese children completed the PSDQ-Short Version, the Self-Control Teacher Rating Questionnaire, the Peer Interaction Skills Scale, and the Emotion Management Skills Questionnaire. The results show that: (1) Authoritarian parenting style negatively predicted children's emotion management skills, self-control, and peer interactions; (2) Authoritative parenting style positively predicted children's emotion management skills, self-control, and peer interactions; (3) Structural equation models indicated that self-control and peer interactions partially mediated the effects of authoritarian and authoritative parenting styles. The parenting style of Chinese children aged 3-6 years is related to emotion management skills, and self-control and peer interactions have chain mediating effects between parenting style and children's emotion management skills. These results provide further guidance for the prevention and intervention of emotional and mental health problems in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexian Li
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Wencan Li
- School of Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xingchen Zhu
- College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
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Bartolo MG, Servidio R, Palermiti AL, Nappa MR, Costabile A. Pro-Environmental Behaviors and Well-Being in Adolescence: The Mediating Role of Place Attachment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105759. [PMID: 37239488 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents represent the future generation, so it is important to pay attention to behaviors that involve them as actors in social activities and constitute the expression of an adequate growth path. Engaging in pro-environmental behaviors leads adolescents to do something good for themselves, for their own community, and for the place in which they live, and this type of conduct increases their levels of well-being and place attachment. This study examines the association between pro-environmental behavior and personal and social well-being in a sample of 1925 adolescents aged 14 to 20 years. Structural equation analyses showed a direct positive effect of pro-environmental behavior on personal and social well-being as well as place attachment. The latter partially mediated the relationship between pro-environmental behaviors and personal and social well-being. This study is significant in that it provides new data on how pro-environmental behaviors enhance adolescents' personal and social well-being by potentially ensuring long-term benefits, thereby suggesting that it is important to stimulate, motivate, and recommend these kinds of actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giuseppina Bartolo
- Department of Culture, Education and Society, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Rocco Servidio
- Department of Culture, Education and Society, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Anna Lisa Palermiti
- Department of Culture, Education and Society, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Nappa
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Costabile
- Department of Culture, Education and Society, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Maiya S, Gülseven Z, Killoren SE, Carlo G, Streit C. The intervening role of anxiety symptoms in associations between Self-Regulation and prosocial behaviors in U.S. Latino/a college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:584-592. [PMID: 33769928 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1899187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the intervening role of anxiety symptoms in relations between self-regulation and multiple forms of prosocial behaviors in U.S. Latino/a college students. PARTICIPANTS The sample is based on data from a cross-sectional study on college students' health and adjustment. Participants were 249 (62% women; M age =20 years; 86% U.S. born) college students who self-identified as Latino/a. METHODS College students self-reported on their self-regulation, anxiety symptoms, and types and targets of prosocial behaviors using online surveys. Path analyses were conducted to test direct and indirect associations among the study variables. RESULTS Self-regulation was directly and indirectly associated with several types of prosocial behaviors via anxiety symptoms. The hypothesized associations also differed by the target of helping. CONCLUSIONS Our findings underscore a strengths-based view of the coping and mental health resources that predict positive well-being among U.S. Latino/a college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahitya Maiya
- Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Zehra Gülseven
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sarah E Killoren
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Gustavo Carlo
- School of Education, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Cara Streit
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, University of New Mexico, USA
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Patwardhan I, Guo Y, Hamburger ER, Sarwar S, Fleming CB, James TD, Nelson JM, Espy KA, Nelson TD, Mason WA. Childhood executive control and adolescent substance use initiation: the mediating roles of physical and relational aggression and prosocial behavior. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:235-254. [PMID: 35678295 PMCID: PMC9732148 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2079615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Although predictive associations between childhood executive control (EC) and adolescent substance use have been established in prior research, the developmental pathways involved in these long-term links have not been well understood. The goal of the current study was to investigate the degree to which aggressive behaviors, including both physical and relational aggression, and prosocial behaviors in elementary school operate as developmental pathways between preschool EC and adolescent substance use, while accounting for participants' age, sex, family history of substance use, and family socioeconomic status. Participants were 329 youth (49% male; 63.6% European American) who were recruited to participate in a study between 2006 and 2012 while youth were in preschool and elementary school and followed into adolescence. The sample was recruited from a small Midwestern city in the United States. EC was assessed with performance-based tasks when children were 5 years 3 months. Youth behaviors with peers were reported by teachers when participants were in elementary school. Self-reports of the substance use initiation (e-cigarettes, cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana) were obtained in adolescence via phone surveys. Mediation analyses revealed a statistically significant indirect effect from preschool EC to adolescent substance use through youth's engagement in relational aggression in elementary school (b = > -0.22 [-0.51; -0.08]; β = > -0.18). Our results suggest that developmental pathways to adolescent substance use may begin in preschool, setting the stage for susceptibility to engagement in relational aggression, which increases, in turn, youth's likelihood for substance use initiation in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Patwardhan
- Child and Family Translational Research Center, Boys Town, NE, USA
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Emily R Hamburger
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Saira Sarwar
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Charles B Fleming
- Center for the Study of Health and Risk Behaviors, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tiffany D James
- Office of Research and Economic Development, 301 Canfield Administration, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jennifer Mize Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Office of Research and Economic Development, 301 Canfield Administration, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Kimberly Andrews Espy
- Office of the Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - W Alex Mason
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Jaisle EM, Groves NB, Black KE, Kofler MJ. Linking ADHD and ASD Symptomatology with Social Impairment: The Role of Emotion Dysregulation. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2023; 51:3-16. [PMID: 36326970 PMCID: PMC9913618 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-022-00982-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience social impairments. These children also frequently struggle with emotion regulation, and extant literature suggests that emotion dysregulation predicts social impairment in both clinical and neurotypical populations. However, the evidence base linking ADHD/ASD with social impairment comes primarily from samples meeting full diagnostic criteria for ADHD and/or ASD despite evidence that both syndromes reflect extreme ends of natural continuums that are normally distributed across the general population. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to concurrently examine unique and overlapping relations among ADHD/ASD symptoms, emotion regulation, and social difficulties using multi-informant measures (parent, teacher) with a clinically-evaluated sample of 108 children ages 8-13 (40 girls; 66% White/Non-Hispanic) with and without clinically-elevated ASD and ADHD symptoms and other common clinical disorders. Bias-corrected, bootstrapped conditional effects modeling revealed that ADHD-inattentive (β=-0.23) and ASD-social communication (β=-0.20) symptoms predicted social impairment directly, whereas ADHD-hyperactive/impulsive (β=-0.06) and ASD-restricted/repetitive behavior/interests (β=-0.06) symptoms predicted social impairment only via their shared associations with emotion dysregulation. Sensitivity analyses revealed that most relations were robust to control for item overlap across measures. In contrast, only the ADHD-inattention/social impairment link was robust to control for mono-informant bias, highlighting the importance of multi-informant methods and the potential for different determinants of social functioning across settings. Overall, this study implicates emotion regulation skills and all four ADHD/ASD symptom clusters as potential influences on children's social functioning, albeit with a more nuanced and potentially setting-specific pattern than suggested by prior work.
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Katulis G, Kaniušonytė G, Laursen B. Positive classroom climate buffers against increases in loneliness arising from shyness, rejection sensitivity and emotional reactivity. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1081989. [PMID: 37032957 PMCID: PMC10076792 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1081989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Loneliness is detrimental to well-being, particularly during the transition into and early years of adolescence when peer relations are ascendant. Shy and emotionally sensitive youth, who often spend considerable time alone, have known vulnerabilities to loneliness. Studies of young children suggest that a supportive classroom context may mitigate adjustment risks, reducing victimization and improving a sense of belonging. Herein we extend this work to older students, testing the hypothesis that a positive classroom climate protects temperamentally vulnerable children (i.e., those who are shy, emotionally reactive, or sensitive to rejection) from escalating levels of loneliness across the course of a school year. A community sample of 540 (277 boys, 263 girls) Lithuanian students in grades 5-7 (10-14 years old) completed identical surveys twice, 4-5 months apart. Self-reports assessed shyness, emotional reactivity, and rejection sensitivity, as well as perceived positive classroom climate and loneliness. Path analyses indicated that longitudinal associations from shyness, emotional reactivity, and rejection sensitivity to increased loneliness were mitigated by positive classroom climate. In each case, temperamental vulnerability anticipated greater loneliness for youth reporting low but not high positive classroom climate. The results held after accounting for several potential confounding variables. The findings have practical implications, suggesting that scholars and practitioners redouble efforts to improve classroom support, particularly for temperamentally vulnerable children who are at elevated risk for solitude, loneliness, and attendant mental health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintautas Katulis
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Goda Kaniušonytė
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Brett Laursen
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Brett Laursen,
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Lui WK, Chan CK, Ng KH, Chui CFR, Siu NYF, Yung CS, Lau KW. Awareness of meaning and quest for meaning: The mechanisms between future orientation and prosociality among youth during pandemic. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1046803. [PMID: 36605278 PMCID: PMC9808071 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1046803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The positive relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency has been consistently reported. However, the possible mechanism has not been examined yet. Previous research revealed the positive relationship between future orientation and meaning in life, as well as between meaning in life and prosocial tendency. Hence, it is hypothesized that the two components of meaning in life (presence of meaning and search for meaning) possibly mediate the relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency. Methods During the first half of 2020, 430 Hong Kong youths aged 15-35 (male: 30.5%; female: 69.5%) were recruited to participate an online cross-sectional survey. The survey included three scales: (1) The Scale for Measuring Adult's Prosocialness, (2) Consideration of Future Consequence Scale, and (3) Meaning in Life Questionnaire. Results The key findings showed that: (1) females had higher level of prosocial tendency than males, and (2) significant partial mediating effects of both presence of meaning and search for meaning on the relationship between future orientation and prosocial tendency. Nevertheless, the multi-group mediation model did not show significant gender difference. Discussion These findings implied that future-oriented and meaning-focused interventions could possibly enhance youth's sense of meaning in everyday life and foster their meaning searching tendency, which further strengthen the positive effect of their future orientation on prosocial tendency, even during life adversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kin Lui
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Keung Chan
- School of Arts and Humanities, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China,*Correspondence: Chi-Keung Chan,
| | - Kai-Hang Ng
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Nicolson Yat-Fan Siu
- Division of Social Science, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chui-Shan Yung
- School of Arts and Humanities, Tung Wah College, Hong Kong, China,Division of Social Science, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka-Wing Lau
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
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Opdenakker MC. Developments in early adolescents' self-regulation: The importance of teachers' supportive vs. undermining behavior. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1021904. [PMID: 36506985 PMCID: PMC9728101 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1021904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has established that the ability to self-regulate is an important factor in adolescents' learning, and cognitive and social functioning. Several theories on self-regulation and classroom studies suggest effects of the social learning environment on students' self-regulation. However, most studies investigating these relations have a cross-sectional correlational design and do not relate to adolescents, resulting in little knowledge about causal directions and adolescents. This study extends existing research by examining effects of a selection of supportive and undermining teacher behavior dimensions on early adolescents' development of self-regulation (self-regulated learning). The teacher behavior dimensions are based on ideas of the self-determination theory in which a distinction is made between dimensions that support vs. thwart three basic psychological needs (need for autonomy, competence, and relatedness) which are assumed to be important for human growth and (psychological) well-functioning. Supporting autonomy, delivering structure, and being involved with the students are assumed to be important for the fulfillment of students' basic psychological needs, while exhibiting controlling instructional behavior, having chaos, uncertainty and inconsistency in the classroom, and rejection and neglect of students, are supposed to be a treat. Questionnaires were used for measuring students' perceptions of their teachers' behavior and their own self-regulation at several points in time during their first year of secondary education. Participants in the study were 566 students belonging to 20 Mathematics/English grade-7 secondary education classes in The Netherlands. Multilevel analyses point to the importance of all three teacher need-supportive dimensions (with highest effects of structure and involvement) and indicated that teachers' need-thwarting behavior negatively affected students' self-regulation. However, when corresponding supportive and thwarting teacher behavior dimensions were included together in the same multilevel model, only the effect of the undermining dimension of controlling teacher behavior remained significant in addition to the corresponding autonomy-support dimension. Findings are in line with existing research and highlight the importance of both teachers' need-supportive and teachers' need-thwarting behavior in daily secondary-education classrooms and contribute to deepen our insight in and understanding of factors (related to external regulation by teachers) leading to positive and negative developments of early adolescents' self-regulation, and, in particular, their self-regulated learning.
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12
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Li W, Cong X, Fan Z, Li F. A Study on Intergenerational Transmission of Dark Triad and Emotion Reactivity. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:2941-2956. [PMID: 36237372 PMCID: PMC9552791 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s378078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Moderate emotion reactivity in the face of daily stress is of positive significance regarding individuals’ psychological well-being and environmental adaptation. The study on intergenerational transmission of Dark Triad and emotion reactivity has confirmed the existence of higher levels of Dark Triad and emotion reactivity in college students in the Chinese sample, which may provide a reference for future related studies. Purpose The study examined the intergenerational transmission effects of Dark Triad and Emotion Reactivity in families. And based on this, it further analyzed the mediating role of parental emotion reactivity and children’s Dark Triad in the influence of parental Dark Triad on children’s emotion reactivity. Methods The questionnaire was administered to 486 families inclusive of fathers, mothers, and children utilizing the Emotion Reactivity Scale (ERS) and the Dirty Dozen (DD). Results 1) The intergenerational transmission was presented in the three Dark Triad traits and emotion reactivity. 2) The level of Dark Triad and emotion reactivity of children was remarkably higher than that of their parents. 3) The Dark Triad scores of males were considerably higher than those of females, while there were no significant differences in the scores of emotion reactivity between them. 4) The actor and partner effects of Dark Triad and emotion reactivity between father and mother were established. 5) Parental emotion reactivity and children’s Dark Triad exerted mediating effects on the impact of parental Dark Triad on children’s emotion reactivity. Conclusion The effect of parental three Dark Triad on their children’s emotion reactivity as well as its mediation mechanism were examined respectively by the present study in the light of APIM and intergenerational transmission analysis. It was concluded that the findings carried both theoretical and reference value for developing moderate emotion reactive ability toward college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangxin Cong
- Department of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Fan
- Department of Education, Jilin International Studies University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Zhiguang Fan, Department of Education, Jilin International Studies University, 3658 Jingyue Street, Changchun City, Jilin Province, 130117, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-0431-84924101, Fax +86 1 594-831-4623, Email
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Marxism, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Fu W, Pan Q, Zhang W, Zhang L. Understanding the Relationship between Parental Psychological Control and Prosocial Behavior in Children in China: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Gender. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11821. [PMID: 36142092 PMCID: PMC9517206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prosocial behavior is essential for individuals' development, and the study aims to analyze the relationship between parental psychological control and prosocial behavior. METHOD The current study investigated the relationships among Paternal Psychological Control (endogenous variable), General Self-Efficacy (mediator), and Prosocial Behaviors (exogenous endogenous variable) via a moderated mediation modeling approach (gender as the moderator). A total of 1822 Chinese students aged from 7- to 17-year-old (Mage = 12.4 years old, SDage = 1.89, 48.6% girls) were included in the current study. RESULTS After controlling participants' age, the only child status, family income, and parent's education level, results revealed that higher levels of parental control were associated with lower levels of students' self-efficacy, which, in turn, reduced students' prosocial behavior intention. Moreover, the relationship between self-efficacy and prosocial behavior intention was moderated by students' gender, where the positive effects of self-efficacy on prosocial behavior intentions were reduced in girls. CONCLUSION Findings highlight the importance of parental psychological control for supporting children's self-efficacy to promote prosocial behaviors on different gender groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangqian Fu
- Faculty of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qianqian Pan
- Centre for Research in Pedagogy and Practice, Office of Education Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Weida Zhang
- School of Education, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Politics, Beijing Health Vocational College, Beijing 100053, China
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14
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Xie W, Bathelt J, Fasman A, Nelson CA, Enlow MB. Temperament and psychopathology: The "community" to which you belong matters. Child Dev 2022; 93:995-1011. [PMID: 35226361 PMCID: PMC9970029 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We utilized a community detection approach to longitudinally (a) identify distinct groups of children with common temperament profiles in infancy and at 2 and 3 years of age and (b) determine whether co-occurrence of certain temperament traits may be early predictors of internalizing problems at 5 years of age. Seven hundred and seventy-four infants (360 girls; 88.6% White, 9.8% Hispanic, and 1.6% other races) were recruited from the Boston area. Data collection spanned from 2012 to 2021. The analysis yielded three distinct groups of children with different temperament traits and was associated with significant variation in levels of internalizing symptoms and anxiety diagnosis rate. Our findings suggest that stable temperament "communities" can be detected in early childhood and may predict risk for psychopathology later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanze Xie
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, China,PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, China,Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joe Bathelt
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
| | - Anna Fasman
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charles A. Nelson
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Harvard Graduate School of Education, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michelle Bosquet Enlow
- Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Does Self-Control Promote Prosocial Behavior? Evidence from a Longitudinal Tracking Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9060854. [PMID: 35740790 PMCID: PMC9221881 DOI: 10.3390/children9060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Although numerous researches have shown that self-control is a significant promoter of prosocial behavior, the mechanism behind this relationship is still unclear. According to the organism–environment interaction model and self-control model, this study researched whether life satisfaction played a mediating role between self-control and adolescents’ prosocial behavior and if friendship quality played a moderating role between self-control and prosocial behavior. This study used a longitudinal tracking research (T1&T2; and the interval between T1&T2 is 6 months). A total of 1182 Chinese middle school students participated the survey. They were between 12 and 15 years old (average age: 14.16 years old, SD = 1.29). Results indicated that life satisfaction played a mediating role between self-control and adolescents’ prosocial behavior. Furthermore, this direct relationship in the link between self-control and prosocial behavior was significant when adolescents had a good-quality friendship. These results highlight that life satisfaction plays an important role in the relationship between self-control and prosocial behavior. The present study further determined that a high-quality friendship was an important factor that amplified this direct effect.
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16
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Daily prosocial actions during the COVID-19 pandemic contribute to giving behavior in adolescence. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7458. [PMID: 35523982 PMCID: PMC9075144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosocial actions are a building block for developing mature and caring social relations. However, the global pandemic may hamper adolescents’ prosocial actions. In this preregistered study, we examined the extent to which adolescents provided daily emotional support during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, 10–25-year-old high school and university students participated at three timepoints (N = 888 at the first timepoint (May 2020); 494 at the second timepoint (Nov 2020) and 373 at the third timepoint (May 2021)). At the first and second timepoint, participants completed 2 weeks of daily diaries on providing emotional support. At all timepoints, participants performed Dictator Games to measure giving to peers, friends and COVID-19 targets (medical doctors, COVID-19 patients, individuals with a poor immune system). Across the three timepoints, adolescents gave more to COVID-19 targets than peers and friends, but giving to COVID-19 target was highest in the beginning of the pandemic (first timepoint relative to second and third timepoint). Results from the first timepoint showed that emotional support directed to friends peaked in mid-adolescence, whereas emotional support towards family members showed a gradual increase from childhood to young adulthood. Furthermore, daily emotional support increased between the first and second timepoint. Daily emotional support to friends predicted giving behavior to all targets, whereas emotional support to family was specifically associated with giving to COVID-19 targets. These findings elucidate the relation between daily actions and prosocial giving to societally-relevant targets in times of crisis, underlying the importance of prosocial experiences during adolescence.
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17
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Ferreira PC, Simão AMV, Paiva A, Martinho C, Prada R, Rocha J. Serious Game-based Psychosocial Intervention to Foster Prosociality in Cyberbullying Bystanders. INTERVENCION PSICOSOCIAL 2022; 31:83-96. [PMID: 37360059 PMCID: PMC10268556 DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Bystanders of cyberbullying play an important role in the resolution of such situations and therefore, it is beneficial to promote self-regulation strategies that enable them to engage in prosocial behavior in these contexts. We propose that serious game-based psychosocial interventions with profile-based social agents can encourage prosocial bystander behavior in cyberbullying. A pilot quasi-experimental study with repeated and pre/post measurements was performed. We randomly assigned 194 7th and 8th graders to three conditions, namely experimental condition (n = 103, Mage = 13.91, SD = 1.02, 53.3% male); alternative condition (n = 37, Mage = 14, SD = 0.86, 54.1% female) and control condition (n = 54, Mage = 13.92, SD = 0.85, 50.9% female). An analysis of covariance showed that players revealed higher levels of prosocial assertive behavior when compared to other participants. Through multilevel modelling of longitudinal log-file data, we found that those who did not experience the game tended to interpret the cyberbullying situations more as non-serious, avoid assuming responsibility for intervening, and engage in aggressive behavior toward the victim. Players tended to support more and were less aggressive with victims from their in-group than those from the out-group. Insights for the development of games to promote prosocial behavior in bystanders of cyberbullying are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula C. Ferreira
- University of LisbonLisbonPortugalUniversity of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal;
- Instituto Superior TécnicoGAIPSPorto SalvoPortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, GAIPS, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | | | - Ana Paiva
- Instituto Superior TécnicoGAIPSPorto SalvoPortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, GAIPS, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - Carlos Martinho
- Instituto Superior TécnicoGAIPSPorto SalvoPortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, GAIPS, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - Rui Prada
- Instituto Superior TécnicoGAIPSPorto SalvoPortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, GAIPS, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - José Rocha
- Instituto Superior TécnicoGAIPSPorto SalvoPortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, INESC-ID, GAIPS, Porto Salvo, Portugal
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18
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Beard SJ, Wolff JM. The moderating role of positive peers in reducing substance use in college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1059-1070. [PMID: 32669053 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1784907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveYoung adulthood (18-25) is the peak age for substance use, but friends who engage in positive behaviors may be protective. The present study examined the direct relation between positive peer affiliation and substance use, and whether positive peer affiliation moderated the relation between self-reported sensation-seeking, future orientation, self-regulation and substance use. Participants: Participants were 382 college students (Mage = 19.25, SD = 1.33). Method: Participants completed questionnaires assessing substance use, peer affiliation, sensation-seeking, future orientation, and self-regulation. Results: In structural equation models, positive peer affiliation was negatively associated with drunk driving, cigarette use, and marijuana use; and moderated relations between sensation-seeking and substance use, but not cognitive control in the predicted direction. Conclusions: Substance use remains a salient public health concern for college students, but the current study found that having friends who generally engage in positive activities is an important buffer against socioemotional risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jean Beard
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Center for Mind and Brain, Davis, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Michelle Wolff
- Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- The Brown School of Social Work & Public Health, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Yao Z, Enright R. A longitudinal analysis of social class and adolescent prosocial behaviour: a latent growth model approach ( Un análisis longitudinal de clase social y conducta prosocial adolescente: un enfoque de modelo de crecimiento latente). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2022.2034292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Delvecchio E, Orgilés M, Morales A, Espada JP, Francisco R, Pedro M, Mazzeschi C. COVID-19: Psychological symptoms and coping strategies in preschoolers, schoolchildren, and adolescents. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 79:101390. [PMID: 35095148 PMCID: PMC8786599 DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Malti T, Speidel R. Prosocial cascades: Understanding and nurturing the potential for positive developmental trajectories. ADVANCES IN CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND BEHAVIOR 2022; 64:189-216. [PMID: 37080669 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acdb.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the developmental cycles and mechanisms that nurture prosocial behavior can support our potential to build a kinder and more peaceful society. The current chapter explores positive developmental cascades, with a focus on the chain reactions that explain how prosocial behaviors manifest and evolve throughout childhood and adolescence. Specifically, we review the main issues, theories, and findings related to the study of children's prosocial trajectories. We focus on various socialization environments that span typical and adverse (e.g., trauma, poverty, maltreatment, exposure to violence) contexts. Furthermore, we highlight the evidence behind efforts and initiatives that aim to nurture prosociality in children and families. We conclude with future directions for how research on positive cascades can inform research-practice alliances work that aims to break harmful cycles and promote prosocial mechanisms of change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Malti
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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22
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Unique and interactive effects of guilt and sympathy on bystander aggressive defender intervention in cyberbullying: The mediation of self-regulation. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2021.106842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Çoban ÖG, Bedel A, Önder A, Adanır AS, Tuhan H, Parlak M. Psychiatric disorders, peer-victimization, and quality of life in girls with central precocious puberty. J Psychosom Res 2021; 143:110401. [PMID: 33611071 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the psychiatric diagnoses, peer-victimization, quality of life, and emotional and behavioral status of girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). METHODS A total of 71 girls with CPP and 50 healthy controls participated in the study. All participants were evaluated using a semi-structured interview by a child and adolescent psychiatrist. To assess the peer-victimization, quality of life, depression levels, and emotional and behavioral status, the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire, The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), the Child Depression Inventory (CDI) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used in this study. RESULTS Although the difference was not significant, the rate of being diagnosed with at least one psychiatric disorder was higher in CPP group (28%) than in control group (20%). The most common psychiatric disorder was social anxiety disorder (13%) for the CPP group. No significant difference was found between the CPP and the control groups in terms of mean CDI and PedsQL scores. When compared in terms of SDQ parameters, prosocial behavior scale scores were significantly higher in the CPP group than in the control group. Being a victim of bullying was found significantly more frequently in girls with CPP than among the healthy controls (28% vs. 12%). CONCLUSION Due to the high rates of being bullied, girls with CPP should be screened for peer-victimization. Long-term prospective studies are also necessary to further elucidate the psychological consequences of CPP on girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Gizli Çoban
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Aynur Bedel
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Arif Önder
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Aslı Sürer Adanır
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hale Tuhan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mesut Parlak
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
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Duell N, van Hoorn J, McCormick EM, Prinstein MJ, Telzer EH. Hormonal and neural correlates of prosocial conformity in adolescents. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2021; 48:100936. [PMID: 33611148 PMCID: PMC7903062 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2021.100936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The dual hormone hypothesis, which centers on the interaction between testosterone and cortisol on social behavior, offers a compelling framework for examining the role of hormones on the neural correlates of adolescent peer conformity. Expanding on this hypothesis, the present study explored the interaction between testosterone and cortisol via hair concentrations on adolescents' conformity to peers. During fMRI, 136 adolescents (51 % female) ages 11-14 years (M = 12.32; SD = 0.6) completed a prosocial decision-making task. Participants chose how much of their time to donate to charity before and after observing a low- or high-prosocial peer. Conformity was measured as change in behavior pre- to post-observation. High testosterone with low cortisol was associated with greater conformity to high-prosocial peers but not low prosocial peers. Focusing on high prosocial peers, whole-brain analyses indicated greater activation post- vs. pre-observation as a function of high testosterone and low cortisol in regions implicated in social cognition, salience detection, and reward processing: pSTS/TPJ, insula, OFC, and caudate nucleus. Results highlight the relevance of hormones for understanding the neural correlates of adolescents' conformity to prosocial peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Duell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 United States.
| | - Jorien van Hoorn
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ethan M McCormick
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 235 E. Cameron Avenue, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
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Sen LT, Siste K, Hanafi E, Murtani BJ, Christian H, Limawan AP, Adrian, Siswidiani LP. Insights Into Adolescents' Substance Use in a Low-Middle-Income Country During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:739698. [PMID: 34721110 PMCID: PMC8551572 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.739698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic and its lockdown have been a significant life event for many individuals, particularly adolescents. The immense psychological pressure could drive risky behavior, e.g., substance use, while lockdown might lead to decreased use. This study aimed to observe the change in substance use among adolescents in Indonesia and the moderating variables to consumption during the COVID-19 lockdown period. Methods: This study utilized an online survey from April 28, 2020 to June 30, 2020. The hyperlink was disseminated to school administrators and parenting groups through social media and direct messages. A total of 2,932 adolescents (17.4 ± 2.24 and 78.7% females) submitted valid responses. The survey was comprised of a sociodemographic section, substance use details, and psychometric sections, including the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Cigarette Dependence Scale 12 (CDS-12), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results: Overall, adolescent alcohol use during the pandemic was 5.1%, cigarette smoking was 3.1%, and drug consumption was 0.4%. Over half (53.4%) of alcohol drinkers reported increased drinking, and 33.1% had harmful or dependence-like drinking behavior; in contrast, 44.4% of adolescent smokers disclosed reduced cigarette consumption. Around 37.8% of the drug users indicated increased use. During the pandemic, adolescent alcohol use was associated with higher education [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-4.86, p = 0.04], higher AUDIT scores (AOR = 1.33, 95% CI 1.25-1.42, p < 0.001), and very low prosocial behavior (AOR = 2.46, 95% CI 1.52-3.88, p < 0.001). Cigarette smoking was correlated with male sex (AOR = 9.56, 95% CI 5.64-16.62, p < 0.001), age (AOR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.14-1.75, p < 0.001), and higher CDS score (AOR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.13-1.20, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Rates of adolescent substance use were significant, with sizeable proportions reporting higher usage. This appeared to occur predominantly in specific demographics and those with a lower protective psychosocial attribute, i.e., prosocial behavior, during the lockdown. These findings should urge the strengthening of adolescent addiction care during and after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Thung Sen
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kristiana Siste
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Enjeline Hanafi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Belinda Julivia Murtani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hans Christian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Albert Prabowo Limawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Adrian
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Levina Putri Siswidiani
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia-Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
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26
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Streit C, Carlo G, Ispa JM, Palermo F. Direct and indirect relations between family conflict and youth's later behavioral outcomes. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cara Streit
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Gustavo Carlo
- School of Education University of California Irvine CA USA
| | - Jean M. Ispa
- Department of Human Development and Family Science University of Missouri Columbia MO USA
| | - Francisco Palermo
- Department of Human Development and Family Science University of Missouri Columbia MO USA
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27
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MacGowan TL, Schmidt LA. Getting to the heart of childhood empathy: Relations with shyness and respiratory sinus arrhythmia. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 63:e22035. [PMID: 32945552 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Although prior studies have found that shyness and empathy are inversely related and that well-regulated children tend to express empathic behaviors more often, little work has assessed combinations of these factors in predicting affective and cognitive empathy in early childhood. The authors examined relations among shyness, resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and observed affective and cognitive empathy in a sample of 130 typically developing children (Mage = 63.5 months, SD = 12.2; 62 males). Shyness was assessed by observing children's behaviors during a self-presentation task, and this observed measure was then combined with a maternal report of children's temperamental shyness. Children's shyness predicted lower levels of both affective and cognitive responses to an experimenter feigning an injury. Resting RSA moderated the relation between children's shyness and observed empathy such that relatively higher shyness combined with lower RSA levels conferred the lowest levels of cognitive empathy. Children who were relatively low in shyness exhibited similar levels of cognitive empathy across different levels of RSA. However, this moderation was not found when predicting children's affective empathy. Our results suggest that not all shy children are alike in terms of their empathic behaviors: shy children who are physiologically dysregulated appear to have difficulties exploring and/or processing others' pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taigan L MacGowan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Louis A Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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28
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Esposito C, Affuso G, Dragone M, Bacchini D. Effortful Control and Community Violence Exposure as Predictors of Developmental Trajectories of Self-serving Cognitive Distortions in Adolescence: A Growth Mixture Modeling Approach. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:2358-2371. [PMID: 32840720 PMCID: PMC7538410 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Self-serving cognitive distortions are biased or rationalizing beliefs and thoughts that originate from the individual persistence into immature moral judgment stages during adolescence and adulthood, increasing the individual’s engagement in antisocial or immoral conducts. To date, the literature examining trajectories of cognitive distortions over time and their precursors is limited. This study sought to fill this gap, by examining effortful control and community violence exposure as individual and environmental precursors to developmental trajectories of cognitive distortions in adolescence. The sample consisted of 803 Italian high school students (349 males; Mage = 14.19, SD = 0.57). Three trajectories of cognitive distortions were identified: (1) moderately high and stable cognitive distortions (N = 311), (2) moderate and decreasing cognitive distortions (N = 363), and (3) low and decreasing cognitive distortions (N = 129). Both low effortful control and high exposure to community violence were significant predictors for moderately high and stable trajectory of cognitive distortions. These results point to the importance of considering moral development as a process involving multiple levels of individual ecology, highlighting the need to further explore how dispositional and environmental factors might undermine developmental processes of morality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Esposito
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
| | - Gaetana Affuso
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Mirella Dragone
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Bacchini
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy
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Shi Q, Ettekal I, Liew J, Woltering S. Predicting differentiated developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior: A 12-year longitudinal study of children facing early risks and vulnerabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025420935630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The current study examined the heterogeneity in the development of school-based prosocial behavior from Grades 1 to 12 and the role of multiple early childhood antecedents in predicting heterogeneous developmental trajectories of prosocial behavior in a sample of 784 children facing early risks and vulnerabilities (predominantly from low-income families and academically at risk; 52.6% male). In alignment with the risk and resilience framework, antecedents consisted of risk and protective factors from both individual (i.e., ego-resilient personality, behavior problems, intelligence, academic performance, gender, and ethnicity) and contextual domains (i.e., maternal support and responsiveness, family socioeconomic adversity, teacher–child warmth and conflict, and peer acceptance and rejection). We identified four distinct prosocial trajectories including a high-stable (52.5%), high-desisting (15%), moderate-increasing (20.6%), and low-stable class (11.9%). Results revealed that the low-stable, high-desisting, and moderate-increasing classes were associated with lower ego resiliency, higher behavior problems, lower teacher–child warmth, higher teacher–child conflict, and peer rejection in early childhood, compared to the high-stable group. Boys and African Americans were more likely to be in the low-stable, high-desisting, and moderate-increasing classes. Individual characteristics such as ego-resilient personality and contextual influences such as teacher–child warmth served as common protective antecedents. Interestingly, teacher–child conflict served as a unique predictor for the high-desisting class, and behavior problems and peer rejection served as unique predictors for the low-stable class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxin Shi
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - Idean Ettekal
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Liew
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - Steven Woltering
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
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MacGowan TL, Schmidt LA. Shyness, aggression, and empathy in children of shy mothers: Moderating influence of children's psychophysiological self‐regulation. Dev Psychobiol 2020; 62:324-338. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.21918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taigan L. MacGowan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Louis A. Schmidt
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada
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El Mallah S. Conceptualization and Measurement of Adolescent Prosocial Behavior: Looking Back and Moving Forward. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2020; 30 Suppl 1:15-38. [PMID: 30775824 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The struggle to cast a net around the numerous ways prosocial behavior is expressed lends itself to the absence of widely accepted methods of measurement. Additionally, research intent on evaluating the psychometric properties of current approaches has been somewhat limited. Weaving together seminal as well as contemporary research, the current review focuses on how these conceptual and measurement issues pertain to adolescent studies (in an intentional effort to offset the somewhat disproportionate focus directed toward prosocial development in infants, children, and adults). Recommendations to address current limitations and attain a more nuanced understanding of the construct are presented and discussed.
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Dou K, Li JB, Wang YJ, Li JJ, Liang ZQ, Nie YG. Engaging in prosocial behavior explains how high self-control relates to more life satisfaction: Evidence from three Chinese samples. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223169. [PMID: 31609968 PMCID: PMC6791543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High levels of self-control are found to be associated with greater life satisfaction. To further understand this relationship, the current study examined two questions: (1) whether too much self-control reduces, rather than increases, life satisfaction, as argued by some scholars; and (2) whether engaging in prosocial behavior explains the "self-control-life satisfaction" link. To this end, we conducted survey research among adolescents (N = 1,009), university students (N = 2,620), and adult workers (N = 500). All participants answered the same self-control and life satisfaction measures, whereas prosocial behavior was assessed using different scales across samples. Results of two-line regressions failed to reveal significant inverted-U shaped association between self-control and life satisfaction across samples. Moreover, results of mediation analyses showed that across samples, high levels of self-control were related to greater life satisfaction and this association was partly mediated by prosocial behavior. In conclusion, there is no evidence showing that too much self-control impairs life satisfaction. Engaging in prosocial behavior partly explains how high self-control relates to greater well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dou
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yu-Jie Wang
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, Guangdong Industry Polytechnic, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Qin Liang
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Gang Nie
- Department of Psychology and Research Center of Adolescent Psychology and Behavior, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, P. R. China
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Lowry PB, Zhang J, Moody GD, Chatterjee S, Wang C, Wu T. An Integrative Theory Addressing Cyberharassment in the Light of Technology-Based Opportunism. J MANAGE INFORM SYST 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/07421222.2019.1661090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Klopack ET, Sutton TE, Simons RL, Simons LG. Disentangling the Effects of Boys' Pubertal Timing: The Importance of Social Context. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 49:1393-1405. [PMID: 31587175 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Some prior studies have found that, for boys, earlier puberty is linked to higher crime and delinquency, while other studies have found that earlier puberty is associated with greater social competence and beneficial psychosocial development. The current study suggests that these seemingly contradictory results actually represent two divergent pathways by which earlier pubertal timing can affect adjustment. Which pathway boys take is highly dependent on psychosocial context. Using a sample of 310 African American boys and their primary caregivers tracked across three waves of data collection from ages 10.55-18.84 from the Family and Community Health Study (FACHS), the current study utilizes Latent Moderated Structural Equation Modeling (LMS) to analyze effects of interactions between pubertal timing and social contextual factors on criminal behavior and social competence. Results suggest that criminogenic effects of early puberty are contingent on deviant peer group, poor school experience, harsh parenting, and neighborhood disorganization, whereas the association between earlier puberty and social competence is attenuated by harsh parenting. Results suggest that modeling both positive and negative development outcomes together may give a clearer picture of the developmental consequences of pubertal timing for boys. In addition, this study shows the importance of social context in shaping the meaning and consequences of biological variables like pubertal timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Klopack
- University of Georgia, 417 Baldwin Hall, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Tara E Sutton
- Mississippi State University, 204 Bowen Hall, Starkville, MS, 39762, USA
| | - Ronald L Simons
- University of Georgia, 417 Baldwin Hall, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
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Datar A, Chung PJ. Childhood Self-Control and Adolescent Obesity: Evidence from Longitudinal Data on a National Cohort. Child Obes 2019; 14:238-247. [PMID: 29812975 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2017.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether self-control at school entry and changes in self-control in the early school years are predictive of BMI change and obesity onset over the next 8 years using longitudinal data on a nationally representative sample of US children. METHODS Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Class 1998 were analyzed. The analysis sample included 7060 children with data from kindergarten (mean age = 6 years) until eighth grade (mean age = 14 years). Self-control was assessed using teacher-reported scales. Child BMI and obese status (BMI ≥95th percentile for age and gender) were computed from height and weight measurements. Weighted linear and logistic regression models were estimated, adjusting for child's cognitive ability and a rich set of child and family covariates. RESULTS High self-control in kindergarten was associated with lesser BMI increase (p < 0.05) and 43% lower odds (adjusted OR [AOR] = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.38-0.86) of new onset obesity over the subsequent 8 years. The beneficial effect of high self-control in kindergarten emerged between fifth and eighth grade. Among children with low self-control in kindergarten, increase in self-control between kindergarten and fifth grade was associated with a 1.42 kg/m2 (95% CI: -2.82 to -0.02) lesser increase in BMI and 66% lower odds of new obesity onset (AOR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.14-0.83), between kindergarten and eighth grade. CONCLUSIONS Low self-control at school entry is an important risk factor for unhealthy BMI increase during the transition to adolescence. Increase in self-control in the early school years may prevent unhealthy BMI increase and obesity in adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Datar
- 1 Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA.,2 RAND Health, RAND Corporation , Santa Monica, CA
| | - Paul J Chung
- 2 RAND Health, RAND Corporation , Santa Monica, CA.,3 Department of Pediatrics, University of California , Los Angeles, CA.,4 Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California , Los Angeles, CA.,5 Children's Discovery & Innovation Institute, Mattel Children's Hospital UCLA , Los Angeles, CA
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Mestre MV, Carlo G, Samper P, Malonda E, Mestre AL. Bidirectional relations among empathy‐related traits, prosocial moral reasoning, and prosocial behaviors. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo Carlo
- Department of Human Development and Family Science University of Missouri Columbia Missouri
| | - Paula Samper
- Department of Basic PsychologyUniversity of Valencia Valencia Spain
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Xiao SX, Spinrad TL, Eisenberg N. Longitudinal relations of preschoolers’ dispositional and situational anger to their prosocial behavior: The moderating role of shyness. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sonya Xinyue Xiao
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona
| | - Tracy L. Spinrad
- T. Denny Sanford School of Social and Family Dynamics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona
| | - Nancy Eisenberg
- Department of Psychology Arizona State University Tempe Arizona
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Richter N, Bondü R, Spiess CK, Wagner GG, Trommsdorff G. Relations Among Maternal Life Satisfaction, Shared Activities, and Child Well-Being. Front Psychol 2018; 9:739. [PMID: 29875714 PMCID: PMC5974377 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal well-being is assumed to be associated with well-being of individual family members, optimal parenting practices, and positive developmental outcomes for children. The objective of this study was to examine the interplay between maternal well-being, parent-child activities, and the well-being of 5- to 7-year-old children. In a sample of N = 291 mother-child dyads, maternal life satisfaction, the frequency of shared parent-child activities, as well as children's self-regulation, prosocial behavior, and receptive vocabulary were assessed using several methods. Data were collected in a special study of the Socio-Economic Panel Study (SOEP), a representative longitudinal survey of private households in Germany. Using structural equation modeling, significant positive direct and indirect relations between maternal life satisfaction, frequency of shared parent-child activities, children's self-regulation, prosocial behavior, and receptive vocabulary were found. The more satisfied the mother was, the more she shared activities with her child and the more the child acted prosocially. Furthermore, the higher the frequency of shared parent-child activities, the higher the child scored in all three analyzed indicators of children's well-being: self-regulation, prosocial behavior, and receptive vocabulary. The current study supports the assumption of maternal well-being as the basis of positive parenting practices and child well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Richter
- Developmental Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Rebecca Bondü
- Developmental Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Katharina Spiess
- German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
- School of Business and Economics, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gert G. Wagner
- German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gisela Trommsdorff
- Developmental Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin, Germany
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Van der Graaff J, Carlo G, Crocetti E, Koot HM, Branje S. Prosocial Behavior in Adolescence: Gender Differences in Development and Links with Empathy. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 47:1086-1099. [PMID: 29185207 PMCID: PMC5878203 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-017-0786-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Although adolescents' prosocial behavior is related to various positive outcomes, longitudinal research on its development and predictors is still sparse. This 6-wave longitudinal study investigated the development of prosocial behavior across adolescence, and examined longitudinal associations with perspective taking and empathic concern. Participants were 497 adolescents (M age t1 = 13.03 years, 43% girls) who reported on their prosocial behaviors, empathic concern, and perspective taking. The results revealed marked gender differences in the development of prosocial behavior. For boys, levels of prosocial behavior were stable until age 14, followed by an increase until age 17, and a slight decrease thereafter. For girls, prosocial behavior increased until age 16 years and then slightly decreased. Regarding longitudinal associations, empathic concern was consistently related to subsequent prosocial behavior. However, perspective taking was only indirectly related to prosocial behavior, via its effect on empathic concern. Tests of the direction of effects showed support for the notion that earlier prosocial behavior predicts subsequent empathy-related traits, but only for girls. The findings support cognitive-developmental and moral socialization theories of prosocial development and the primary role of moral emotions in predicting prosocial behaviors. Our findings inform strategies to foster prosocial behaviors by emphasizing moral emotions rather than moral cognitions during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolien Van der Graaff
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Gustavo Carlo
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Missouri, Missouri, USA
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Hans M Koot
- Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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40
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Kil H, Grusec JE, Chaparro MP. Maternal disclosure and adolescent prosocial behavior: The mediating roles of adolescent disclosure and coping. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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The Relations between Prosocial Behaviors and Self-Regulation: Evidences from the Validation of the PTM-R for Portuguese Early Adolescents. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 19:E73. [PMID: 27806740 DOI: 10.1017/sjp.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this study is to understand the relationship between different types of prosocial behaviors and different forms of self-regulation, as part of the adaptation and validation of the Portuguese version of the Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised (PTM-R). A total of 403 early adolescents (M = 11.81; SD = .92; 52.91% girls) completed self-reported measures. The evaluation of psychometric properties of the PTM-R involved a confirmatory factorial analysis, followed by the examination of factorial internal consistency and factorial invariance analyses across gender groups and school retention groups (retention vs. no-retention). The results support the premise that a 6-factor model similar to the original measure is the most appropriate factorial solution for the PTM-R Portuguese version (χ2(174) = 1.725, p < .001, CFI = .95, RMSEA = .030, SRMR = .08). The levels of internal consistency for the different subscales ranged from .67 to .78. Further convergent and divergent validity tests reveal that different forms of prosocial behavior are more often related to girls' cognitive, affective and behavioral regulation and that students who failed at least one school year and thus had to repeat it denote poorer relations between prosocial behaviors and self-regulation dimensions, as opposed to more successful students. In conclusion, the Portuguese version of the PTM-R has adequate psychometric properties and its use for research purposes in the field of social development may be appropriate. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for future research on prosociality.
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42
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Nie YG, Li JB, Vazsonyi AT. Self-control mediates the associations between parental attachment and prosocial behavior among Chinese adolescents. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Burkholder AR, Koss KJ, Hostinar CE, Johnson AE, Gunnar MR. Early Life Stress: Effects on the Regulation of Anxiety Expression in Children and Adolescents. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2015; 25:777-793. [PMID: 28584408 DOI: 10.1111/sode.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examined children's (N = 79; 9-10 years) and adolescents' (N = 82; 15-16 years) ability to regulate their emotion expressions of anxiety as they completed a modified version of the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Approximately half in each age group were internationally adopted from institutional care (N = 79) and half were non-adopted, age-matched peers (N = 82). Institutional care was viewed as a form of early life stress. Coders who were reliable and blind to group status watched videos of the session to assess anxiety expressions using the Child and Adolescent Stress and Emotion Scale developed for this study. Children exhibited more expressions of anxiety than adolescents, and youth adopted from institutions showed more expressions of anxiety than their non-adopted counterparts. The role of early life stress on observed anxiety expressions remained significant after controlling for differences in age, physiological stress responses measured through salivary cortisol reactivity, and self-reports of stress during the TSST-C. This suggests possible deficits in the regulation of expressive behavior for youth with early life stress histories, which cannot be explained by experiencing the task as more stressful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R Burkholder
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park
| | - Kalsea J Koss
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
| | | | | | - Megan R Gunnar
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
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44
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Blair BL, Perry NB, O'Brien M, Calkins SD, Keane SP, Shanahan L. Identifying developmental cascades among differentiated dimensions of social competence and emotion regulation. Dev Psychol 2015; 51:1062-73. [PMID: 26147773 PMCID: PMC4520405 DOI: 10.1037/a0039472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study used data from 356 children, their mothers, teachers, and peers to examine the longitudinal and dynamic associations among 3 dimensions of social competence derived from Hinde's (1987) framework of social complexity: social skills, peer group acceptance, and friendship quality. Direct and indirect associations among each discrete dimension of social competence and emotion regulation were also examined. The results suggest that there are important distinctions among the dimensions of social competence as they relate to one another and to emotion regulation. Model comparisons provided evidence of cascading and reciprocal effects among the variables, demonstrating complex associations that are ongoing across middle childhood. Specifically, there were cascading effects from emotion regulation abilities at age 5 years to social skills at age 7, which was then associated with age 10 outcomes of more positive friendship quality, greater peer acceptance, and greater emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany L. Blair
- Department of Family and Child Sciences, Florida State University
| | - Nicole B. Perry
- Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Marion O'Brien
- Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Susan D. Calkins
- Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Susan P. Keane
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro
| | - Lilly Shanahan
- Department of Psychology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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45
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Friedel S, Whittle SL, Vijayakumar N, Simmons JG, Byrne ML, Schwartz OS, Allen NB. Dispositional mindfulness is predicted by structural development of the insula during late adolescence. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2015. [PMID: 26209810 PMCID: PMC6989825 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2015.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a critical period for the development of self-regulatory abilities. The cultivation of mindfulness has been associated with improved self-regulation. We examined brain development and dispositional mindfulness in adolescence. Adolescents with higher levels of mindfulness demonstrated less thinning in the left anterior insula.
Adolescence is a critical period of development, in which the increasing social and cognitive demands of independence need to be met by enhanced self-regulatory abilities. The cultivation of mindfulness has been associated with improved self-regulation in adult populations, and it is theorized that one neurodevelopmental mechanism that supports this capacity is the development of the prefrontal cortex. The current study examined the neurodevelopmental mechanisms associated with dispositional mindfulness in adolescence. Using a longitudinal within-persons design, 82 participants underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments at approximately ages 16 and 19, and also completed self-reported measurements of mindfulness at age 19. It was hypothesized that adolescents who demonstrated greater thinning of frontal cortical regions between the age of 16 and 19 would exhibit higher dispositional mindfulness levels at age 19. Results indicated that, contrary to predictions, adolescents with higher levels of mindfulness demonstrated less thinning in the left anterior insula. By contrast, higher IQ was associated with greater thinning of the right caudal middle frontal and right superior frontal regions. The involvement of insula development in mindfulness is consistent with a direct role for this structure in managing self-regulation, and in doing so concords with recent models of self-referential interoceptive awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Friedel
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - S L Whittle
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, & Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Vijayakumar
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - J G Simmons
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M L Byrne
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - O S Schwartz
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - N B Allen
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Orygen Youth Health Research Centre, Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
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46
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Plenty S, Östberg V, Modin B. The role of psychosocial school conditions in adolescent prosocial behaviour. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0143034315573350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined how psychosocial conditions at school are associated with prosocial behaviour, a key indicator of positive mental health. Participants were 3,652 Swedish Grade 9 students from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Structural equation modelling demonstrated that students who experience more manageable school demands and greater social support from teachers and classmates are more likely to display caring, sharing, and cooperative behaviours. However, those that feel acutely stressed, particularly girls, also reported greater prosocial behaviour. Teacher support played a greater role in girls' prosocial behaviour and perceptions of school demands than boys'. The findings extend knowledge of the importance of psychosocial work conditions for adolescent health to positive mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bitte Modin
- Stockholm University/Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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47
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Thijssen S, Wildeboer A, Muetzel RL, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, El Marroun H, Hofman A, Jaddoe VWV, van der Lugt A, Verhulst FC, Tiemeier H, van IJzendoorn MH, White T. Cortical thickness and prosocial behavior in school-age children: A population-based MRI study. Soc Neurosci 2015; 10:571-82. [PMID: 25695908 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2015.1014063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prosocial behavior plays an important role in establishing and maintaining relationships with others and thus may have important developmental implications. This study examines the association between cortical thickness and prosocial behavior in a population-based sample of 6- to 9-year-old children. The present study was embedded within the Generation R Study. Magnetic resonance scans were acquired from 464 children whose parents had completed the prosocial scale of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. To study the association between cortical thickness and prosocial behavior, we performed whole-brain surface-based analyses. Prosocial behavior was related to a thicker cortex in a cluster that covers part of the left superior frontal and rostral middle frontal cortex (p < .001). Gender moderated the association between prosocial behavior and cortical thickness in a cluster including the right rostral middle frontal and superior frontal cortex (p < .001) as well as in a cluster covering the right superior parietal cortex, cuneus, and precuneus (p < .001). Our results suggest that prosocial behavior is associated with cortical thickness in regions related to theory of mind (superior frontal cortex, rostral middle frontal cortex cuneus, and precuneus) and inhibitory control (superior frontal and rostral middle frontal cortex).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Thijssen
- a School of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences , Erasmus University Rotterdam , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Andrea Wildeboer
- b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,d Centre for Child and Family Studies , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Marian J Bakermans-Kranenburg
- d Centre for Child and Family Studies , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands.,e Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC) , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Hanan El Marroun
- b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Albert Hofman
- f Department of Epidemiology , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,f Department of Epidemiology , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,g Department of Pediatrics , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Aad van der Lugt
- h Department of Radiology , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Frank C Verhulst
- b The Generation R Study Group , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,f Department of Epidemiology , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Marinus H van IJzendoorn
- a School of Pedagogical and Educational Sciences , Erasmus University Rotterdam , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,d Centre for Child and Family Studies , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands.,e Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC) , Leiden University , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Tonya White
- c Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology , Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital , Rotterdam , the Netherlands.,h Department of Radiology , Erasmus University Medical Center , Rotterdam , the Netherlands
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Semplonius T, Good M, Willoughby T. Religious and Non-religious Activity Engagement as Assets in Promoting Social Ties Throughout University: The Role of Emotion Regulation. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 44:1592-606. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0200-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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49
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Padilla-Walker LM, Fraser AM. How much is it going to cost me? Bidirectional relations between adolescents' moral personality and prosocial behavior. J Adolesc 2014; 37:993-1001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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50
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Hardy SA, Bean DS, Olsen JA. Moral Identity and Adolescent Prosocial and Antisocial Behaviors: Interactions with Moral Disengagement and Self-regulation. J Youth Adolesc 2014; 44:1542-54. [PMID: 25146465 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-014-0172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Moral identity has been positively linked to prosocial behaviors and negatively linked to antisocial behaviors; but, the processes by which it is linked to such outcomes are unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine moral identity not only as a predictor, but also as a moderator of relationships between other predictors (moral disengagement and self-regulation) and youth outcomes (prosocial and antisocial behaviors). The sample consisted of 384 adolescents (42 % female), ages 15-18 recruited from across the US using an online survey panel. Latent variables were created for moral identity, moral disengagement, and self-regulation. Structural equation models assessed these latent variables, and interactions of moral identity with moral disengagement and self-regulation, as predictors of prosocial (charity and civic engagement) and antisocial (aggression and rule breaking) behaviors. None of the interactions were significant predicting prosocial behaviors. For antisocial behaviors, the interaction between moral identity and moral disengagement predicted aggression, while the interaction between moral identity and self-regulation was significant in predicting aggression and rule breaking. Specifically, at higher levels of moral identity, the positive link between moral disengagement and aggression was weaker, and the negative link between self-regulation and both antisocial behaviors was weaker. Thus, moral identity may buffer against the maladaptive effects of high moral disengagement and low self-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam A Hardy
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA,
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