1
|
McDonough J, Singhal NK, Getsy PM, Knies K, Knauss ZT, Mueller D, Bates JN, Damron DS, Lewis SJ. The epigenetic signatures of opioid addiction and physical dependence are prevented by D-cysteine ethyl ester and betaine. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416701. [PMID: 39281282 PMCID: PMC11392886 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We have reported that D,L-thiol esters, including D-cysteine ethyl ester (D-CYSee), are effective at overcoming opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) in rats. Our on-going studies reveal that co-injections of D-CYSee with multi-day morphine injections markedly diminish spontaneous withdrawal that usually occurs after cessation of multiple injections of morphine in rats. Chronically administered opioids are known (1) to alter cellular redox status, thus inducing an oxidative state, and (2) for an overall decrease in DNA methylation, therefore resulting in the transcriptional activation of previously silenced long interspersed elements (LINE-1) retrotransposon genes. The first objective of the present study was to determine whether D-CYSee and the one carbon metabolism with the methyl donor, betaine, would maintain redox control and normal DNA methylation levels in human neuroblastoma cell cultures (SH-SY5Y) under overnight challenge with morphine (100 nM). The second objective was to determine whether D-CYSee and/or betaine could diminish the degree of physical dependence to morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Our data showed that overnight treatment with morphine reduced cellular GSH levels, induced mitochondrial damage, decreased global DNA methylation, and increased LINE-1 mRNA expression. These adverse effects by morphine, which diminished the reducing capacity and compromised the maintenance of the membrane potential of SH-SY5Y cells, was prevented by concurrent application of D-CYSee (100 µM) or betaine (300 µM). Furthermore, our data demonstrated that co-injections of D-CYSee (250 μmol/kg, IV) and to a lesser extent, betaine (250 μmol/kg, IV), markedly diminished the development of physical dependence induced by multi-day morphine injections (escalating daily doses of 10-30 mg/kg, IV), as assessed by the lesser number of withdrawal phenomena elicited by the injection of the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (1.5 mg/kg, IV). These findings provide evidence that D-CYSee and betaine prevent the appearance of redox alterations and epigenetic signatures commonly seen in neural cells involved in opioid physical dependence/addiction, and lessen development of physical dependence to morphine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McDonough
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Naveen K Singhal
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Paulina M Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Katherine Knies
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - James N Bates
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Derek S Damron
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Badshah I, Anwar M, Murtaza B, Khan MI. Molecular mechanisms of morphine tolerance and dependence; novel insights and future perspectives. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1457-1485. [PMID: 37470850 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a devastating condition that poses a serious burden on the society. The use of some drugs like morphine for their tremendous analgesic properties is also accompanied with developing tolerance, dependence and the withdrawal symptoms. These symptoms are frequently severe enough to reinforce the person in recovery to start over the use of drug again and hinder the clinical use of drugs like morphine for chronic pain. Research into opioid receptors and related molecular pathways has seen resurgence in the wake of the growing opioid epidemic. The current study provides a comprehensive scientific exploration of the molecular mechanisms and underlying signalling in morphine tolerance and dependence. It also critically evaluates current therapeutic approaches, shedding light on their efficacy and limitations, and future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Badshah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G-7/4 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maira Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G-7/4 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Babar Murtaza
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, G-7/4 Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pak Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bates JN, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Baby SM, MacFarlane PM, Hsieh YH, Knauss ZT, Bubier JA, Mueller D, Lewis SJ. Lipophilic analogues of D-cysteine prevent and reverse physical dependence to fentanyl in male rats. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1336440. [PMID: 38645835 PMCID: PMC11026688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1336440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined whether co-injections of the cell-permeant D-cysteine analogues, D-cysteine ethyl ester (D-CYSee) and D-cysteine ethyl amide (D-CYSea), prevent acquisition of physical dependence induced by twice-daily injections of fentanyl, and reverse acquired dependence to these injections in freely-moving male Sprague Dawley rats. Injection of the opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone HCl (NLX, 1.5 mg/kg, IV), elicited a series of withdrawal phenomena that included cardiorespiratory and behavioral responses, and falls in body weight and body temperature, in rats that received 5 or 10 injections of fentanyl (125 μg/kg, IV), and the same number of vehicle co-injections. Regarding the development of physical dependence, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal phenomena were markedly reduced in fentanyl-injected rats that had received co-injections of D-CYSee (250 μmol/kg, IV) or D-CYSea (100 μmol/kg, IV), but not D-cysteine (250 μmol/kg, IV). Regarding reversal of established dependence to fentanyl, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal phenomena in rats that had received 10 injections of fentanyl (125 μg/kg, IV) was markedly reduced in rats that received co-injections of D-CYSee (250 μmol/kg, IV) or D-CYSea (100 μmol/kg, IV), but not D-cysteine (250 μmol/kg, IV), starting with injection 6 of fentanyl. This study provides evidence that co-injections of D-CYSee and D-CYSea prevent the acquisition of physical dependence, and reverse acquired dependence to fentanyl in male rats. The lack of effect of D-cysteine suggests that the enhanced cell-penetrability of D-CYSee and D-CYSea into cells, particularly within the brain, is key to their ability to interact with intracellular signaling events involved in acquisition to physical dependence to fentanyl.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Gregory A. Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Section of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T. Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | | | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bates JN, Getsy PM, Coffee GA, Baby SM, MacFarlane PM, Hsieh YH, Knauss ZT, Bubier JA, Mueller D, Lewis SJ. L-cysteine ethyl ester prevents and reverses acquired physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1303207. [PMID: 38111383 PMCID: PMC10726967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1303207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the acquisition of addiction/dependence on morphine may result from the ability of the opioid to diminish the transport of L-cysteine into neurons via inhibition of excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (EAA3). The objective of this study was to determine whether the co-administration of the cell-penetrant L-thiol ester, L-cysteine ethyl ester (L-CYSee), would reduce physical dependence on morphine in male Sprague Dawley rats. Injection of the opioid-receptor antagonist, naloxone HCl (NLX; 1.5 mg/kg, IP), elicited pronounced withdrawal phenomena in rats which received a subcutaneous depot of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 36 h and were receiving a continuous infusion of saline (20 μL/h, IV) via osmotic minipumps for the same 36 h period. The withdrawal phenomena included wet-dog shakes, jumping, rearing, fore-paw licking, 360° circling, writhing, apneas, cardiovascular (pressor and tachycardia) responses, hypothermia, and body weight loss. NLX elicited substantially reduced withdrawal syndrome in rats that received an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) for 36 h. NLX precipitated a marked withdrawal syndrome in rats that had received subcutaneous depots of morphine (150 mg/kg) for 48 h) and a co-infusion of vehicle. However, the NLX-precipitated withdrawal signs were markedly reduced in morphine (150 mg/kg for 48 h)-treated rats that began receiving an infusion of L-CYSee (20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) at 36 h. In similar studies to those described previously, neither L-cysteine nor L-serine ethyl ester (both at 20.8 μmol/kg/h, IV) mimicked the effects of L-CYSee. This study demonstrates that 1) L-CYSee attenuates the development of physical dependence on morphine in male rats and 2) prior administration of L-CYSee reverses morphine dependence, most likely by intracellular actions within the brain. The lack of the effect of L-serine ethyl ester (oxygen atom instead of sulfur atom) strongly implicates thiol biochemistry in the efficacy of L-CYSee. Accordingly, L-CYSee and analogs may be a novel class of therapeutics that ameliorate the development of physical dependence on opioids in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James N. Bates
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Paulina M. Getsy
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Gregory A. Coffee
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Santhosh M. Baby
- Section of Biology, Galleon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, United States
| | - Peter M. MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yee-Hsee Hsieh
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Zackery T. Knauss
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | | | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Functional Electrical Stimulation Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Martins CC, Rosa SG, Zborowski VA, Rodrigues RF, Maroneze A, Nogueira CW, Zeni G. Contribution of Opioid and Nitrergic Systems to m-Trifluoromethyl diphenyl Diselenide Attenuates Morphine-Induced Tolerance in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:910-919. [PMID: 35319862 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
m-Trifluoromethyl diphenyl diselenide (TFDD) has antinociceptive and antidepressant-like properties and attenuates morphine withdrawal signs in mice. This study investigated if TFDD affects the development of morphine tolerance to its antinociceptive and antidepressant-like effects in mice. We also investigated whether TFDD modulates signaling pathways related to morphine tolerance, including the opioid receptors and some parameters of the nitrergic system. Male adult Swiss mice received morphine alone (5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and in combination with TFDD (10 mg/kg, intragastric) for 7 days. Mice were subjected to hot plate and forced swim tests on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 of the experimental protocol. Repeated TFDD administrations avoided tolerance development mediated by morphine, including its antinociceptive and antidepressant-like effects. A single morphine dose increased MOR and NOx but decreased iNOS contents in the mouse cerebral cortex. In turn, single morphine and TFDD co-administration restored the MOR and iNOS protein levels. On the other hand, morphine repeated doses enhanced DOR and reduced MOR and NOx contents, whereas the morphine and TFDD association reestablished DOR and NOx levels in the mouse cerebral cortex. In conclusion, some opioid and nitrergic system parameters might contribute to TFDD attenuation of antinociceptive and antidepressant-like tolerance induced by morphine in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina C. Martins
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Suzan G. Rosa
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A. Zborowski
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Renata F. Rodrigues
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adriano Maroneze
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Cristina W. Nogueira
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- LASRAFTO, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900 Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wolińska R, Kleczkowska P, de Cordé-Skurska A, Poznański P, Sacharczuk M, Mika J, Bujalska-Zadrożny M. Nitric oxide modulates tapentadol antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174245. [PMID: 34126091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tapentadol, an analgesic with a dual mechanism of action, involving both μ-opioid receptor agonism and noradrenaline reuptake inhibition (MOP-NRI), was designed for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. However, the widely acknowledged risk of analgesic tolerance and development of physical dependence following sustained opioid use may hinder their effectiveness. One of the possible mechanisms behind these phenomena are alterations in nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the tolerance and dependence potential of tapentadol in rodent models and to evaluate the possible role of nitric oxide (NO) in these processes. Our study showed that chronic tapentadol treatment resulted in tolerance to its antinociceptive effects to an extent similar to tramadol, but much less than morphine. A single injection of a non-selective NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOArg), reversed the tapentadol tolerance. In dependence studies, repeated administration of L-NOArg attenuated naloxone-precipitated withdrawal in tapentadol-treated mice, whereas a single injection of L-NOArg was ineffective. Biochemical analysis revealed that tapentadol decreased nNOS protein levels in the dorsal root ganglia of rats following 31 days of treatment, while no significant changes were found in iNOS and eNOS protein expression. Moreover, pre-treatment with L-NOArg augmented tapentadol antinociception in an opioid- and α2-adrenoceptor-dependent manner. In conclusion, our data suggest that the NOS system plays an important role in the attenuation of tapentadol-induced tolerance and withdrawal. Thus, inhibition of NOS activity can serve as a promising treatment option for long-term tapentadol use by extending its effectiveness and improving the side-effects profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renata Wolińska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Patrycja Kleczkowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska Street, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna de Cordé-Skurska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Poznański
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Street, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Mariusz Sacharczuk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology, Polish Academy of Sciences in Jastrzebiec, Postepu 36A Street, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Joanna Mika
- Department of Pain Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bujalska-Zadrożny
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1b Banacha Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gledhill LJ, Babey AM. Synthesis of the Mechanisms of Opioid Tolerance: Do We Still Say NO? Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:927-948. [PMID: 33704603 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01065-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of morphine as a first-line agent for moderate-to-severe pain is limited by the development of analgesic tolerance. Initially opioid receptor desensitization in response to repeated stimulation, thought to underpin the establishment of tolerance, was linked to a compensatory increase in adenylate cyclase responsiveness. The subsequent demonstration of cross-talk between N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors and opioid receptors led to the recognition of a role for nitric oxide (NO), wherein blockade of NO synthesis could prevent tolerance developing. Investigations of the link between NO levels and opioid receptor desensitization implicated a number of events including kinase recruitment and peroxynitrite-mediated protein regulation. Recent experimental advances and the identification of new cellular constituents have expanded the potential signaling candidates to include unexpected, intermediary compounds not previously linked to this process such as zinc, histidine triad nucleotide-binding protein 1 (HINT1), micro-ribonucleic acid (mi-RNA) and regulator of G protein signaling Z (RGSZ). A further complication is a lack of consistency in the protocols used to create tolerance, with some using acute methods measured in minutes to hours and others using days. There is also an emphasis on the cellular changes that are extant only after tolerance has been established. Although a review of the literature demonstrates a lack of spatio-temporal detail, there still appears to be a pivotal role for nitric oxide, as well as both intracellular and intercellular cross-talk. The use of more consistent approaches to verify these underlying mechanism(s) could provide an avenue for targeted drug development to rescue opioid efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Gledhill
- CURA Pharmacy, St. John of God Hospital, Bendigo, VIC, 3550, Australia
| | - Anna-Marie Babey
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Houshmand G, Pourasghar M, Shiran M, Arab Firozjae A, Goudarzi M, Manouchehr F, Shirzad S, Assadpour S, Nikbakht J, Ghorbanzadeh B. Simvastatin prevents morphine antinociceptive tolerance and withdrawal symptoms through antioxidative effect and nitric oxide pathway in mice. Behav Brain Res 2021; 402:113104. [PMID: 33417990 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and the nitric oxide (NO) pathway are involved in the development of opioid analgesic tolerance and dependence. Simvastatin modulates NO and oxidative stress, so the present study aimed to investigate its effect on the development and expression of morphine analgesic tolerance and withdrawal signs in mice. Morphine tolerance and dependence were induced by twice daily morphine injection (10 mg/kg, s.c.) for 5 consecutive days. Tolerance was assessed by the hot-plate test and dependence by naloxone challenge, on the sixth day. To determine if the NO is involved in the effects of simvastatin, mice were pre-treated with l-arginine (200 mg/kg) or the NO synthesis inhibitors (L-NAME; 30 mg/kg) along with simvastatin (300 mg/kg). The results showed that acute and chronic administration of simvastatin reversed the antinociceptive tolerance of morphine and attenuated withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice, and this effect is reversed by l-arginine and augmented by l-NAME. Also, the concentration of NO and oxidative stress factors such as malondialdehyde content, total thiol, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in brain tissues was evaluated. Chronic administration of simvastatin reduced NO and malondialdehyde, and increased total thiol and GPx levels in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of morphine-dependent mice which were antagonized by l-arginine, and augmented by l-NAME. In summary, simvastatin attenuates morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance and withdrawal symptoms, at least partly, through antioxidative properties and nitric oxide pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Houshmand
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehdi Pourasghar
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Shiran
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Atefeh Arab Firozjae
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Manouchehr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Shizer Shirzad
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Sara Assadpour
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Jafar Nikbakht
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Behnam Ghorbanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cetin Z, Gunduz O, Topuz RD, Dokmeci D, Karadag HC, Ulugol A. The Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Development of Tolerance and Dependence to Morphine in Mice. Neuropsychobiology 2020; 80:264-270. [PMID: 33207349 DOI: 10.1159/000511541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hydrogen sulfide is an endogenous gaseous mediator that has been indicated to have a role in pain mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to detect brain and spinal cord hydrogen sulfide levels during different phases of tolerance and dependence to morphine and to determine the effects of inhibition of endogenous hydrogen sulfide production on the development of tolerance and dependence. METHODS Morphine tolerance and dependence was developed by subcutaneous injection of morphine (10 mg/kg) twice daily for 12 days. Physical dependence was determined by counting the jumps for 20 min, which is a withdrawal symptom occurring after a single dose of naloxone (5 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally (i.p.). Propargylglycine (30 mg/kg, i.p.), a cystathionine-γ-lyase inhibitor, and hydroxylamine (12.5 mg/kg, i.p.), a cystathionine-β-synthase inhibitor, were used as hydrogen sulfide synthase inhibitors. The tail-flick and hot-plate tests were used to determine the loss of antinociceptive effects of morphine and development of tolerance. RESULTS It was found that chronic and acute uses of both propargylglycine and hydroxylamine prevented the development of tolerance to morphine, whereas they had no effect on morphine dependence. Chronic and acute administrations of hydrogen sulfide synthase inhibitors did not exert any difference in hydrogen sulfide levels in brain and spinal cords of both morphine-tolerant and -dependent animals. CONCLUSION It has been concluded that hydrogen sulfide synthase inhibitors may have utility in preventing morphine tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Cetin
- Vocational College of Arda, Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies Department, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Gunduz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ruhan D Topuz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Dikmen Dokmeci
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hakan C Karadag
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ulugol
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey,
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zamanian G, Shayan M, Rahimi N, Bahremand T, Shafaroodi H, Ejtemaei-Mehr S, Aghaei I, Dehpour AR. Interaction of morphine tolerance with pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure threshold in mice: The role of NMDA-receptor/NO pathway. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 112:107343. [PMID: 32755816 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R)/nitric oxide (NO) pathway is involved in the intensification of the analgesic effect of opioids and the reduction of the intensity of opioids tolerance and dependence. In the current study, we investigated the involvement of NMDA-R/NO pathway in chronic morphine-treated mice in both the development of tolerance to the analgesic effect of morphine and in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizure threshold. Chronic treatment with morphine (30 mg/kg) exhibited increased seizure resistance in morphine-induced tolerant mice. The development of morphine tolerance was withdrawn when used concomitantly with NOS inhibitors and NMDA-R antagonist, suggesting that the development of tolerance to the anticonvulsant effect of morphine (30 mg/kg) is mediated through the NMDA-R/NO pathway. A dose-dependent biphasic seizure modulation of morphine was demonstrated in the acute treatment with morphine; acute treatment at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg shows the anticonvulsant effect and at a dose of 30 mg/kg shows proconvulsant effect. However, a different pattern was observed in the mice treated chronically with morphine: they demonstrated tolerance in the tail-flick test; five consecutive days of chronic treatment with a high dose of morphine (30 mg/kg) showed anticonvulsant effect while a low dose of morphine (0.5 mg/kg) showed a proconvulsant effect. The anticonvulsant effect of morphine was inhibited completely by the concomitant administration of NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors including nonspecific NOS inhibitor (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg), inducible NOS inhibitor (aminoguanidine, 50 mg/kg), and neuronal NOS inhibitor (7-nitroindazole (7-NI), 15 mg/kg) for five consecutive days. Besides, five days injection of NMDA-R antagonist (MK-801, 0.05 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the anticonvulsant effect of morphine on the PTZ-induced clonic seizures. The results revealed that chronic treatment with morphine leads to the development of tolerance in mice, which in turn may cause an anticonvulsant effect in a high dose of morphine via the NMDA-R/NO pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Zamanian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taraneh Bahremand
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Shafaroodi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Ejtemaei-Mehr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Iraj Aghaei
- Department of Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Center, Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hemati K, Pourhanifeh MH, Dehdashtian E, Fatemi I, Mehrzadi S, Reiter RJ, Hosseinzadeh A. Melatonin and morphine: potential beneficial effects of co-use. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:25-39. [PMID: 32415694 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Morphine is a potent analgesic agent used to control acute or chronic pain. Chronic administration of morphine results in analgesic tolerance, hyperalgesia, and other side effects including dependence, addiction, respiratory depression, and constipation, which limit its clinical usage. Therefore, identifying the new analgesics with fewer side effects which could increase the effect of morphine and reduce its side effects is crucial. Melatonin, a multifunctional molecule produced in the body, is known to play an important role in pain regulation. The strong anti-inflammatory effect of melatonin is suggested to be involved in the attenuation of the pain associated with inflammation. Melatonin also increases the anti-nociceptive actions of opioids, such as morphine, and reverses their tolerance through regulating several cellular signaling pathways. In this review, published articles evaluating the effect of the co-consumption of melatonin and morphine in different conditions were investigated. Our results show that melatonin has pain-killing properties when administered alone or in combination with other anti-nociceptive drugs. Melatonin decreases morphine consumption in different pathologies. Furthermore, attenuation of morphine intake can be accompanied by reduction of morphine-associated side-effects, including physical dependence, morphine tolerance, and morphine-related hyperalgesia. Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that the combination of melatonin with morphine could reduce morphine-induced tolerance and hyperalgesia, which may result from anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of melatonin. Overall, we underscore that, to further ameliorate patients' life quality and control their pain in various pathological conditions, melatonin deserves to be used with morphine by anesthesiologists in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Hemati
- Department of Anesthesiology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Pourhanifeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Ghotb-e-Ravandy Boulevard, Kashan, 8715988141, Iran
| | - Ehsan Dehdashtian
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, IRAN, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, imam Ali Bolvard, Rafsanjan, 7719617996, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, Mail Code 7762, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
| | - Azam Hosseinzadeh
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mansouri MT, Naghizadeh B, Ghorbanzadeh B, Amirgholami N, Houshmand G, Alboghobeish S. Venlafaxine inhibits naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal symptoms: Role of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:305-313. [PMID: 31630319 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Opioid-induced neuroinflammation plays a role in the development of opioid physical dependence. Moreover, nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in several oxidative and inflammatory pathologies. Here, we sought to determine whether treatment with venlafaxine during the development of morphine dependence could inhibit naloxone-precipitated withdrawal symptoms. The involvement of neuro-inflammation related cytokines, oxidative stress, and L-arginine (L-arg)-NO pathway in these effects were also investigated. Mice received morphine (50 mg/kg/daily; s.c.), plus venlafaxine (5 and 40 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 3 consecutive days. In order to evaluate the possible role of L-arg-NO on the effects caused by venlafaxine, animals received L-arg, L-NAME or aminoguanidine with venlafaxine (40 mg/kg, i.p.) 30 min before each morphine injection for 3 consecutive days. On 4th day of experiment, behavioral signs of morphine-induced physical dependence were evaluated after i.p. naloxone injection. Then, brain levels of tissue necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NO and oxidative stress factors including; total thiol, malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were determined. Co-administration of venlafaxine (40 mg/kg) with morphine not only inhibited the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal signs including jumping and weight loss, but also reduced the up-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO and MDA contents in mice brain tissue. However, repeated administration of venlafaxine inhibited the decrease in the brain levels of BDNF, total thiol and GPx. Pre-administration of L-NAME and aminoguanidine improved, while L-arg antagonized the venlafaxine-induced effects. These results provide evidences that venlafaxine could be used as a candidate drug to inhibit morphine withdrawal through the involvement of inflammatory cytokines and l-arginine-NO in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Taghi Mansouri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Bahareh Naghizadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Behnam Ghorbanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Neda Amirgholami
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Houshmand
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Toxicology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rashki A, Mumtaz F, Jazayeri F, Shadboorestan A, Esmaeili J, Ejtemaei Mehr S, Ghahremani MH, Dehpour AR. Cyclosporin A attenuating morphine tolerance through inhibiting NO/ERK signaling pathway in human glioblastoma cell line: the involvement of calcineurin. EXCLI JOURNAL 2018; 17:1137-1151. [PMID: 30713473 PMCID: PMC6341459 DOI: 10.17179/excli2018-1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) is known to have an immunosuppressive action. However, it is also attracting attention due to its effects on the nervous system, such as inhibiting the development and expression of morphine-induced tolerance and dependence through unknown mechanisms. It has been shown that CsA modulates the nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation, which are potentially involved in signaling pathways in morphine-induced tolerance in cellular models. Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate the modulatory role of CsA on the MOR tolerance, by targeting the downstream signaling pathway of NO and ERK using an in vitro model. For this purpose, T98G cells were pretreated with CsA, calcineurin autoinhibitory peptide (CAIP), and NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) 30 min before 18 h exposure to MOR. Then, we analyzed the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and also the expression of phosphorylated ERK and nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) proteins. Our results showed that CsA (1 nM, 10 nM, and 100 nM) and CAIP (50 µM) have significantly reduced cAMP and nitrite levels as compared to MOR-treated (2.5 µM) T98G cells. This clearly revealed the attenuation of MOR tolerance by CsA. The expression of nNOS and p-ERK proteins were down-regulated when the T98G cells were pretreated with CsA (1 nM, 10 nM, and 100 nM), CAIP (50 µM), and L-NAME (0.1 mM) as compared to MOR. In conclusion, the CsA pretreatment had a modulatory role in MOR-induced tolerance, which was possibly mediated through NO/ERK signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Rashki
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faiza Mumtaz
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Jazayeri
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shadboorestan
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamileh Esmaeili
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Ghahremani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hassanipour M, Rajai N, Rahimi N, Fatemi I, Jalali M, Akbarian R, Shahabaddini A, Nazari A, Amini-Khoei H, Dehpour AR. Sumatriptan effects on morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence: The role of nitric oxide. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 835:52-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
15
|
Investigation on the Effect of Ketotifen Upon Morphine Tolerance and Dependence in Mice. Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.16303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
16
|
Venlafaxine prevents morphine antinociceptive tolerance: The role of neuroinflammation and the l -arginine-nitric oxide pathway. Exp Neurol 2018; 303:134-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
17
|
Hyperbaric Oxygen Attenuates Withdrawal Symptoms by Regulating Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters and NO Signaling Pathway at Nucleus Accumbens in Morphine-Dependent Rats. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:531-539. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
18
|
Fatemi I, Amirteimoury M, Shamsizadeh A, Kaeidi A. The effect of metformin on morphine analgesic tolerance and dependence in rats. Res Pharm Sci 2018; 13:316-323. [PMID: 30065764 PMCID: PMC6040165 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.235158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Opiate tolerance and dependence is a worldwide public health problem and gives a significant burden to society. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of metformin (MET) on development and expression of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats. For induction of tolerance, morphine sulfate was injected (10 mg/kg, twice a day, s.c.) for 7 days. Animals received metformin (5 and 50 mg/kg, orally, daily) during the examination period for assessing the development of morphine tolerance and dependence. In order to evaluate the expression of morphine tolerance and dependence, single doses of MET (5 and 50 mg/kg, orally) were administered on day 7. Tail flick test was performed to assess the induction of morphine tolerance. For evaluation of morphine dependence, naloxone-induced jumping (5 mg/kg, s.c.) was monitored. Our results showed that 7 days coadministration of 50 mg/kg of MET significantly reduced the development of morphine analgesic tolerance versus morphine + saline treated rats (P < 0.001). Treatment with 50 mg/kg MET reduced the incidence and frequency of jumping in naloxone injected animals (P < 0.01). It is notable that single dose administration of MET, did not prevent the expression of analgesic tolerance and physical dependence to morphine. Based on these results, it can be concluded that MET attenuates the development of morphine analgesic tolerance and dependence in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman Fatemi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Morteza Amirteimoury
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| | - Ayat Kaeidi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, I.R. Iran
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ulugol A, Topuz RD, Gunduz O, Kizilay G, Karadag HC. Changes in nociceptin/orphanin FQ levels in rat brain regions after acute and chronic cannabinoid treatment in conjunction with the development of antinociceptive tolerance. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 30:537-548. [PMID: 27371029 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
It has been indicated that acute and chronic morphine administrations enhance nociceptin/orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) levels in the brain, which might play role in the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine. Accordingly, N/OFQ receptor (NOP) antagonists have been shown to prevent the development of antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. Our aim is to observe whether cannabinoids, similarly to opioids, enhance N/OFQ levels in pain-related brain regions and whether antagonism of NOP receptors attenuates the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of cannabinoids. Hot plate and Tail flick tests are used to assess the antinociceptive response in Sprague-Dawley rats. N/OFQ levels are measured in cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray, nucleus raphe magnus and locus coeruleus of rat brains using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Within 9 days, animals became completely tolerant to the antinociceptive effect of the cannabinoid agonist WIN 55,212-2 (2, 4, 6 mg/kg, i.p.). Chronic administration of JTC-801, a NOP receptor antagonist, at a dose that exerted no effect on its own (1 mg/kg, i.p.), attenuated development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of WIN 55,212-2 (4 mg/kg, i.p.). Western blotting and immunohistochemistry results showed that N/OFQ levels significantly increased in amygdala, periaqueductal gray, nucleus raphe magnus and locus coeruleus of rat brains when WIN 55,212-2 was combined with JTC-801. We hypothesize that, similar to opioids, chronic cannabinoid + NOP antagonist administration may enhance N/OFQ levels and NOP receptor antagonism prevents development of tolerance to cannabinoid antinociception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Ulugol
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ruhan D Topuz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Gunduz
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Kizilay
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hakan C Karadag
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nicoara D, Zhang Y, Nelson JT, Brewer AL, Maharaj P, DeWald SN, Shirachi DY, Quock RM. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment suppresses withdrawal signs in morphine-dependent mice. Brain Res 2016; 1648:434-437. [PMID: 27534375 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy reportedly reduces opiate withdrawal in human subjects. The purpose of this research was to determine whether HBO2 treatment could suppress physical signs of withdrawal in opiate-dependent mice. Male NIH Swiss mice were injected s.c. with morphine sulfate twice a day for 4 days, the daily dose gradually increasing from 50mg/kg on day 1 to 125mg/kg on day 4. On day 5, withdrawal was precipitated by i.p. injection of 5.0mg/kg naloxone. Mice were observed for physical withdrawal signs, including jumping, forepaw tremor, wet-dog shakes, rearing and defecation for 30min. Sixty min prior to the naloxone injection, different groups of mice received either a 30-min or 60-min HBO2 treatment at 3.5atm absolute. HBO2 treatment significantly reduced naloxone-precipitated jumping, forepaw tremor, wet-dog shakes, rearing and defecation. Based on these experimental findings, we concluded that treatment with HBO2 can suppress physical signs of withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Nicoara
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Yangmiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Jordan T Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Abigail L Brewer
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Prianka Maharaj
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Shea N DeWald
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Donald Y Shirachi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of the Pacific Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Raymond M Quock
- Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology and Neuroscience, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA; Translational Addiction Research Center, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hassanipour M, Amini-Khoei H, Shafaroodi H, Shirzadian A, Rahimi N, Imran-Khan M, Rezayat SM, Dehpour A. Atorvastatin attenuates the antinociceptive tolerance of morphine via nitric oxide dependent pathway in male mice. Brain Res Bull 2016; 125:173-80. [PMID: 27381980 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of morphine-induced antinociceptive tolerance limits its therapeutic efficacy in pain management. Atorvastatin, or competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, is mainstay agent in hypercholesterolemia treatment. Beyond the cholesterol-lowering activity, exploration of neuroprotective properties of this statin indicates its potential benefit in central nervous disorders. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of atorvastatin in development and expression of morphine-induced analgesic tolerance in male mice and probable involvement of nitric oxide. Chronic and acute treatment with atorvastatin 10 and 20mg/kg, respectively, could alleviate morphine tolerance in development and expression phases. Chronic co-administration of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors including L-NAME (non selective NOS inhibitor; 2mg/kg), aminoguanidine (selective inducible NOS inhibitor; 50mg/kg) and 7-NI (selective neuronal NOS inhibitor; 15mg/kg) with atorvastatin blocked the protective effect of atorvastatin in tolerance reversal. Moreover, reversing the atorvastatin effect was also observed in acute simultaneous treatment of L-NAME (5mg/kg) and aminoguanidine (100mg/kg) with atorvastatin. Co-treatment of guanylyl cyclase inhibitor, ODQ (chronic dose: 10mg/kg and acute dose: 20mg/kg) was associated with prevention of atorvastatin anti-tolerance properties. Our results revealed that the atorvastatin modulating role in morphine antinociceptive tolerance is mediated at least in part via nitric oxide in animal pain models of hot plate and tail flick.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hassanipour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Hossein Amini-Khoei
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of pharmacology, School of medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Hamed Shafaroodi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Armin Shirzadian
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Muhammad Imran-Khan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed-Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ahmadreza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hassanipour M, Shirzadian A, Boojar MMA, Abkhoo A, Abkhoo A, Delazar S, Amiri S, Rahimi N, Ostadhadi S, Dehpour AR. Possible involvement of nitrergic and opioidergic systems in the modulatory effect of acute chloroquine treatment on pentylenetetrazol induced convulsions in mice. Brain Res Bull 2016; 121:124-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
23
|
Mansouri MT, Khodayar MJ, Tabatabaee A, Ghorbanzadeh B, Naghizadeh B. Modulation of morphine antinociceptive tolerance and physical dependence by co-administration of simvastatin. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 137:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
24
|
Peregud DI, Yakovlev AA, Stepanichev MY, Onufriev MV, Panchenko LF, Gulyaeva NV. Expression of BDNF and TrkB Phosphorylation in the Rat Frontal Cortex During Morphine Withdrawal are NO Dependent. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2015; 36:839-849. [PMID: 26346883 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-015-0267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) mediates pharmacological effects of opiates including dependence and abstinence. Modulation of NO synthesis during the induction phase of morphine dependence affects manifestations of morphine withdrawal syndrome, though little is known about mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Neurotrophic and growth factors are involved in neuronal adaptation during opiate dependence. NO-dependent modulation of morphine dependence may be mediated by changes in expression and activity of neurotrophic and/or growth factors in the brain. Here, we studied the effects of NO synthesis inhibition during the induction phase of morphine dependence on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) as well as their receptors in rat brain regions after spontaneous morphine withdrawal in dependent animals. Morphine dependence in rats was induced within 6 days by 12 injections of morphine in increasing doses (10-100 mg/kg), and NO synthase inhibitor L-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (10 mg/kg) was given 1 h before each morphine injection. The expression of the BDNF, GDNF, NGF, IGF1, and their receptors in the frontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and midbrain was assessed 40 h after morphine withdrawal. L-NAME treatment during morphine intoxication resulted in an aggravation of the spontaneous morphine withdrawal severity. Morphine withdrawal was accompanied by upregulation of BDNF, IGF1, and their receptors TrkB and IGF1R, respectively, on the mRNA level in the frontal cortex, and only BDNF in hippocampus and midbrain. L-NAME administration during morphine intoxication decreased abstinence-induced upregulation of these mRNAs in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and midbrain. L-NAME prevented from abstinence-induced elevation of mature but not pro-form of BDNF polypeptide in the frontal cortex. While morphine abstinence did not affect TrkB protein levels as well as its phosphorylation status, inhibition of NO synthesis decreased levels of phosphorylated TrkB after withdrawal. Thus, NO signaling during induction of dependence may be involved in the mechanisms of BDNF expression and processing at abstinence, thereby affecting signaling through TrkB in the frontal cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danil I Peregud
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction", of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 119002.,Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5a Butlerov Str., Moscow, Russia, 117485
| | - Alexander A Yakovlev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5a Butlerov Str., Moscow, Russia, 117485
| | - Mikhail Yu Stepanichev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5a Butlerov Str., Moscow, Russia, 117485
| | - Mikhail V Onufriev
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5a Butlerov Str., Moscow, Russia, 117485
| | - Leonid F Panchenko
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction", of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia, 119002.,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 125315
| | - Natalia V Gulyaeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5a Butlerov Str., Moscow, Russia, 117485.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Foroutan A, Haddadi NS, Ostadhadi S, Sistany N, Dehpour AR. Chloroquine-induced scratching is mediated by NO/cGMP pathway in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 134:79-84. [PMID: 25957523 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ), a 4-aminoquinoline drug, has long been used in the treatment and prevention of malaria. However its side effect generalized pruritus contributes to treatment failures, and consequently results in the development of chloroquine resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. It was proposed that the administration of CQ correlated with increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. Nitric oxide is involved in some pruritic disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis and scratching behavior evoked by pruritogens like substance P. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of NO/cGMP pathway in CQ-induced scratching in mice. Scratching behaviors were recorded by a camera after intradermal (ID) injection of CQ in the shaved rostral back of the mice. The results obtained show that CQ elicited scratching in a dose-dependent manner with a peak effective dose of 400μg/site. Injection of non-specific NOS inhibitor, N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester or neuronal NOS selective inhibitor and 7-nitroindazole, reduced CQ-induced scratching significantly. On the other hand, administration of aminoguanidine as inducible NOS inhibitor has no inhibitory effect on this behavior. Also, injection of l-arginine as a precursor of NO significantly increased this response. Conversely, accumulation of cGMP by sildenafil as a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, potentiated the scratching behavior by CQ. This study therefore shows that CQ-induced scratching behavior is mediated by the NO/cGMP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arash Foroutan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazgol Sadat Haddadi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Ostadhadi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Sistany
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tsakova A, Surcheva S, Simeonova K, Altankova I, Marinova T, Usunoff K, Vlaskovska M. Nitroxidergic modulation of behavioural, cardiovascular and immune responses, and brain NADPH diaphorase activity upon morphine tolerance/dependence in rats. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014; 29:92-100. [PMID: 26019621 PMCID: PMC4434040 DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2014.990924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid and non-opioid effects of acute and chronic morphine administration on behaviour, cardiovascular responses, cell proliferation and apoptosis and nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) activity were studied in rats. A novel score-point scale was introduced to quantify the signs of opioid withdrawal syndrome. NOS inhibitor L-NAME (NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester) was applied to reveal the role of NOS/NO pathway in the modulation of morphine-induced in vivo and in vitro responses. The obtained data showed that chronic co-administration of L-NAME drastically attenuated naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome and prevented the development of morphine tolerance to cardiovascular action of morphine. The apoptotic process was very much restricted by L-NAME supplementation of chronic morphine treatment, which resulted in few apoptotic cells, less low molecular weight genomic DNA and preservation of high molecular weight non-fragmented genomic DNA. The study provides new data for nitroxidergic modulation of opioid tolerance and dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Tsakova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Slavina Surcheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Katerina Simeonova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Iskra Altankova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Tsvetanka Marinova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Kamen Usunoff
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Mila Vlaskovska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Role of low-intensity laser therapy on naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs in mice: is nitric oxide a possible candidate mediator? Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29:1655-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
28
|
Ulugol A. Reduction of dependence to cannabinoids by GLT-1 activating property of the beta-lactam antibiotic. Med Hypotheses 2013; 80:247-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2012.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
29
|
Javadi S, Ejtemaeimehr S, Keyvanfar HR, Moghaddas P, Aminian A, Rajabzadeh A, Mani AR, Dehpour AR. Pioglitazone potentiates development of morphine-dependence in mice: possible role of NO/cGMP pathway. Brain Res 2013; 1510:22-37. [PMID: 23399681 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Peroxizome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is highly expressed in the central nervous system where it modulates numerous gene transcriptions. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression could be modified by simulation of PPARγ which in turn activates nitric oxide (NO)/soluble guanylyl-cyclase (sGC)/cyclic guanosine mono phosphate (cGMP) pathway. It is well known that NO/cGMP pathway possesses pivotal role in the development of opioid dependence and this study is aimed to investigate the effect of PPARγ stimulation on opioid dependence in mice as well as human glioblastoma cell line. Pioglitazone potentiated naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome in morphine dependent mice in vivo. While selective inhibition of PPARγ, neuronal NOS or GC could reverse the pioglitazone-induced potentiation of morphine withdrawal signs; sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor amplified its effect. We also showed that nitrite levels in the hippocampus were significantly elevated in pioglitazone-treated morphine dependent mice. In the human glioblastoma (U87) cell line, rendered dependent to morphine, cAMP levels did not show any alteration after chronic pioglitazone administration while cGMP measurement revealed a significant rise. We were unable to show a significant alteration in neuronal NOS mRNA expressions by pioglitazone in mice hippocampus or U87 cells. Our results suggest that pioglitazone has the ability to enhance morphine-dependence and to augment morphine withdrawal signs. The possible pathway underlying this effect is through activation of NO/GC/cGMP pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Javadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Crespi F. In vivo voltammetric evidence that cerebral nitric oxide (NO) is influenced by drugs of abuse: is NO implicated in their neurotoxicity? RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40804c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
31
|
Rauf K, Subhan F, Abbas M, Badshah A, Ullah I, Ullah S. Effect of Bacopasides on acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:836-842. [PMID: 21377853 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2010] [Revised: 11/04/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Opioids are extensively used for the management of both chronic malignant and non malignant pains. One major serious limitation associated with chronic use of opioids is the development of tolerance to its analgesic effect. The effect of Bacopa monnieri, a renowned ayurvedic medicine for acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance in mice, was investigated. Bacopa monnieri, n-Butanol fraction was analyzed on High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), for Bacopaside A major components i.e. Bacoside A(3), Bacopaside ll and Bacosaponin C. Antinociceptive effect of n-Butanol extract of Bacopa monnieri (n Bt-ext BM) (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg) was assessed on hot plate. Effect of different doses of n Bt-ext BM on morphine antinociception was also assessed. n Bt-ext BM was also screened for development of tolerance to antinociceptive effect of Bacopa monnieri by administering 15 mg/kg n Bt-ext BM for seven days. Tolerance to morphine analgesia was induced in mice by administering intraperitoneally (I.P.) 20 mg/kg morphine twice daily for five days. Acute and Chronic administration of 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg n Bt-ext BM significantly reduced both expression and development of tolerance to morphine analgesia in mice. Additionally, Bacopa monnieri was found to enhance antinociceptive effect of morphine in intolerant animals. However, no tolerance to Bacopa monnieri antinociceptive effect was observed in seven days treatment schedule. These findings indicate effectiveness of Bacopa monnieri for management of morphine tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Rauf
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Karami M, Karimian Azimi M, Zarrindast MR, Khalaji Z. Verifying of participation of nitric oxide in morphine place conditioning in the rat medial septum using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d). IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2010; 14:150-157. [PMID: 21283257 PMCID: PMC3632426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 08/08/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of nitric oxide (NO) in morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) has already been proposed in the rat medial septum (MS), but no molecular evidence has been provided to clear this fact. METHODS Effects of intraseptal injections of L-arginine and/or NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on morphine place conditioning in Wistar rats were examined. Morphine (2.5-7.5 mg/kg) was injected s.c. using a three-day schedule of an unbiased place preference. All of the brain samples were examined histochemically by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d), the main marker for NO activation. RESULTS Morphine induced a significant CPP in the rats. Single injections of L-arginine or L-NAME (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 µg/rat) did not induce CPP. In addition, co-administration of morphine (5.0 mg/kg) with L-arginine or L-NAME (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 µg/rat) did not affect morphine response. However, administration of L-arginine (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 µg/rat) prior to morphine conditioning testing enhanced the expression of morphine response. Moreover, pre-injection of L-NAME (0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 µg/rat) to L-arginine (0.3 µg/rat) did not reverse the response to the agent. The expression of NADPH-d was observed in the rat brain samples treated by L-arginine. A decreased expression of NADPH-d was also observed in rats pre-injected by L-NAME. CONCLUSION This finding strongly suggests that NO system in the rat MS has an impact on the expression of morphine rewarding, and that the NO participates in place conditioning induced of morphine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manizheh Karami
- Dept. of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
|
34
|
Gunduz O, Karadag CH, Ulugol A. Modulatory role of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), in morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2010; 117:1027-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-010-0443-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
35
|
Saberi M, Chavooshi B. Suppressive effects of lamotrigine on the development and expression of tolerance to morphine-induced antinociception in the male mouse. Brain Res 2009; 1291:32-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
36
|
Ulugol A. Modulatory role of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in cannabinoid tolerance and dependence. Med Hypotheses 2009; 73:213-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2009] [Revised: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
37
|
Sadeghi M, Sianati S, Anaraki DK, Ghasemi M, Paydar MJ, Sharif B, Mehr SE, Dehpour AR. Study of morphine-induced dependence in gonadectomized male and female mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2008; 91:604-9. [PMID: 18930756 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study we evaluated the effects of sex difference and also sex hormones on the naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal in both orchidectomized (ORC) male and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice. Morphine (50, 50 and 75 mg/kg/day for 4 days, s.c.) was administered to animals and at 5th day naloxone (4 mg/kg, i.p.)-precipitated morphine withdrawal signs, jumpings and the percentage of weight loss, were measured. There was no significant alteration in withdrawal jumpings between male and female mice, though weight loss was significantly higher in male ones. Jumpings was significantly lower in both OVX and ORC mice and percentage of weight loss was significantly higher in OVX mice than corresponding non-operated or sham animals. In OVX mice, E(2)V (10 mg/kg, s.c.) increased number of jumpings and decreased percentage of weight loss. Progesterone (25 mg/kg, s.c.) had no effect on jumpings, whereas it decreased weight loss in OVX mice. Testosterone (2.5 mg/kg, s.c.) increased jumpings in ORC mice while it had no effect on percentage of weight loss. Our results demonstrated that sex hormones could play a role in the morphine withdrawal syndrome in both ORC male and OVX female mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Sadeghi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Effects of the fruit essential oil of Cuminum cyminum Linn. (Apiaceae) on acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. Neurosci Lett 2008; 440:134-9. [PMID: 18550281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2008] [Revised: 05/17/2008] [Accepted: 05/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The problem of morphine tolerance and dependence is a universal phenomenon threatening social health everywhere the world. The major objective of this paper was to investigate the effects of fruit essential oil (FEO) of Cuminum cyminum on acquisition and expression of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. Animals were rendered dependent on morphine using the well-established method in which was morphine (50, 50, 75 mg/kg; s.c.) injected three times daily for 3 days. In experimental groups, administration of FEO (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2%; 5 ml/kg; i.p.) or Tween-80 (5 ml/kg; i.p.) was performed 60 min prior to each morphine injection (for acquisition) or the last injection of morphine on test day (for expression). Morphine tolerance was measured by tail-flick before and after administration of a single dose of morphine (50 mg/kg; s.c.) in test day (4th day). Morphine dependence was also evaluated by counting the number of jumps after injection of naloxone (5 mg/kg; i.p.) on the test day. The results showed that Cumin FEO, only at the dose of 2%, significantly attenuated the development of morphine tolerance (P<0.01) and dependence (P<0.05) while it could be significantly effective on expression of morphine tolerance (1 and 2%) and dependence (0.5, 1 and 2%) in a dose-dependent manner. Solely Cumin FEO injection (0.001-2%) did not show any analgesic effect. In conclusion, the essential oil of Cuminum cyminum seems to ameliorate the morphine tolerance and dependence in mice.
Collapse
|
39
|
Inhibition of MPEP on the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance and the biosynthesis of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in rat spinal cord. Neurosci Lett 2008; 436:214-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
40
|
Dai X, Cui SG, Li SR, Chen Q, Wang R. Melatonin attenuates the development of antinociceptive tolerance to delta-, but not to mu-opioid receptor agonist in mice. Behav Brain Res 2007; 182:21-7. [PMID: 17568695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2007.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2007] [Revised: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 04/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of melatonin (Mel) on the development of tolerance to antinociceptive actions induced by mu- and delta-opioid receptor agonists were determined in male Kunming mice. In the mouse tail-flick tests, selective mu and delta receptor agonists were repeatedly administered to mice supraspinally (intracerebroventricularly, i.c.v.) in the absence or presence of melatonin. Administration of endomorphin-1 (EM-1, a mu-opioid receptor agonist) or deltorphin I (del I, a delta-opioid receptor agonist) twice daily for 4 days produced antinociceptive tolerance compared with vehicle controls. Co-administration with melatonin prevented the development of tolerance to deltorphin I analgesia, and this effect was dose dependent. However, melatonin did not affect the development of antinociceptive tolerance to endomorphin-1. Additionally, the attenuation of deltorphin I tolerance by melatonin was reduced by chronic treatment with luzindole (luz), a selective antagonist on the MT(2) receptor subtype. Taken together, these data suggest that melatonin interferes with the neural mechanisms involved in the development of tolerance to delta-opioid agonist analgesia via its receptor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, and Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi N, Tahsili-Fahadan P, Riazi K, Ghahremani MH, Dehpour AR. Melatonin enhances the anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects of morphine in mice: Role for nitric oxide signaling pathway. Epilepsy Res 2007; 75:138-44. [PMID: 17600683 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 05/01/2007] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has different interactions with opioids including enhancing their analgesic effect and reversal of opioid tolerance and dependence. Opioids are known to exert dose-dependent anti- and proconvulsant effects in different experimental seizure paradigms. This study investigated the effect of melatonin on biphasic modulation of seizure susceptibility by morphine, in mouse model of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures. We further investigated the involvement of the nitric oxidergic pathway in this interaction, using a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME). Melatonin exerted anticonvulsant effect with doses as high as 40-80 mg/kg, but with a dose far bellow that amount (10 mg/kg), it potentiated both the anticonvulsant and proconvulsant effects of morphine on the PTZ-induced clonic seizures. Possible pharmacokinetic interaction of melatonin and morphine cannot be ruled out in the enhancement of two opposing effects of morphine on seizure threshold. L-NAME (1 mg/kg) reversed the anticonvulsant property of the combination of melatonin (10 mg/kg) plus morphine (0.5 mg/kg). Moreover, L-NAME (5 mg/kg) blocked the enhancing effect of melatonin (10 mg/kg) on proconvulsant activity of morphine (60 mg/kg). Our results indicate that co-administration of melatonin enhances both anti- and proconvulsant effects of morphine via a mechanism that may involve the nitric oxidergic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi N, Tahsili-Fahadan P, Ghahremani MH, Dehpour AR. Melatonin enhances the rewarding properties of morphine: involvement of the nitric oxidergic pathway. J Pineal Res 2007; 42:323-9. [PMID: 17439548 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2007.00422.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin has different interactions with opioids including the enhancement of the analgesic effects of morphine and also reversal of tolerance and dependence to morphine. The present study assessed the effect of melatonin on morphine reward in mice using a conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Our data showed that subcutaneous administration of morphine (1-7.5 mg/kg) significantly increased the time spent in the drug-paired compartment in a dose-dependent manner. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of melatonin (1-40 mg/kg) alone did not induce either CPP or conditioned place aversion (CPA), while the combination of melatonin (5-20 mg/kg) and sub-effective dose of morphine (0.5 mg/kg) led to rewarding effect. We further investigated the involvement of the nitric oxidergic pathway in the enhancing effect of melatonin on morphine CPP, by a general nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L-NAME (1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) alone or in combination with morphine (0.5 mg/kg) did not show any significant CPP or CPA. Co-administration of L-NAME (5 mg/kg) with an ineffective combination of melatonin (1 mg/kg) plus morphine (0.5 mg/kg) produced significant CPP that may imply the similarity of action of melatonin and L-NAME and involvement of the nitric oxidergic pathway in this regard. Our results indicate that pretreatment of animals with melatonin enhances the rewarding properties of morphine via a mechanism which may involve the nitric oxidergic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Research Program, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Pryor SC, Zhu W, Cadet P, Bianchi E, Guarna M, Stefano GB. Endogenous morphine: opening new doors for the treatment of pain and addiction. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2006; 5:893-906. [PMID: 16018736 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.5.7.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) signalling is at the forefront of intense research interest because its many effects remain controversial and seemingly contradictory. This paper examines its role as a potential mediator of pain and tolerance. Within this context discussion covers endogenous morphine, documenting its ability to be made in animal tissues, including nervous tissue, and in diverse animal phyla. Supporting morphine as an endogenous signalling molecule is the presence of the newly cloned mu3 opiate receptor subtype found in animal (including human) immune, vascular and neural tissues, which is coupled to NO release. Importantly, this mu opiate receptor subtype is morphine-selective and opioid peptide-insensitive, further highlighting the presence of morphinergic signalling coupled to NO release. These findings provide novel insights into pain and tolerance as morphinergic signalling exhibits many similarities with NO actions. Taken together, a select morphinergic signalling system utilising NO opens the gate for the development of novel pharmaceuticals and/or the use of old pharmaceuticals in new ways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C Pryor
- State University of New York--College at Old Westbury, Neuroscience Research Institute, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sepehri G, . VS, . FB, . RF. Effect of L-NAME/L-Arginine Microinjection into Nucleus Accumbens Shell on Morphine Withdrawal Signs in Male Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2006. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2006.171.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
45
|
Zarrindast MR, Askari E, Khalilzadeh A, Nouraei N. Morphine State-Dependent Learning Sensitization and Interaction with Nitric Oxide. Pharmacology 2006; 78:66-71. [PMID: 16946625 DOI: 10.1159/000095541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 07/04/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effects of nitric oxide (NO) precursor L-arginine and L-NAME, a potent inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), on the expression of sensitization of morphine were investigated. Pre-training administration of morphine (5 mg/kg) impaired memory retrieval compared to pre-training saline-treated animals. Amnesia due to pre-training morphine (5 mg/kg) was restored by pre-test morphine (5 mg/kg). The retrieval impairment was also inhibited in mice which had received once-daily injections of morphine (20 and 30 mg/kg, s.c.) for 3 days, followed by 5 days of no drug treatment before training (in order to induce morphine sensitization). Administration of L-arginine (60 mg/kg/day - 3 days) or L-NAME (20 mg/kg/day - 3 days) before training did not alter morphine state dependency. During acquisition of sensitization, administration of L-arginine (60 mg/kg) 20 min before morphine (10 mg/kg/day, for 3 days) increased, while injection of L-NAME (20 mg/kg) 20 min before morphine (30 mg/kg/day, for 3 days) decreased morphine state dependency. It is concluded that NO is involved in the morphine-induced sensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology and Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 13145-784 Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Motiei Langroudi R, Khoshnoodi MA, Abadi NYF, Tahsili Fahadan P, Ghahremani MH, Dehpour AR. Effect of cyclosporin A on morphine-induced place conditioning in mice: involvement of nitric oxide. Eur J Pharmacol 2005; 507:107-15. [PMID: 15659300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2004] [Revised: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 11/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cyclosporin A is shown to attenuate antinociceptive effects of morphine, development and expression of morphine-induced tolerance and dependency via nitric oxide (NO) pathway. In the present study, the effect of systemic cyclosporin A on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) and the probable involvement of nitric oxide were assessed in mice. Our data showed that administration of morphine (1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 mg/kg) significantly increased the time spent in the drug-paired compartment in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum response was obtained with 5 mg/kg of morphine. Cyclosporin A (5, 10 mg/kg) and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg), a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, did not induce either conditioned place preference or conditioned place aversion (CPA), while cyclosporin A (20 mg/kg) induced CPA. Both cyclosporin A (10, 20 mg/kg) and L-NAME (5, 10 mg/kg), in combination with morphine (5 mg/kg) during conditioning, significantly suppressed acquisition of morphine-induced place preference. Lower and per se noneffective doses of Cyclosporin A (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) and L-NAME (2.5 mg/kg), when coadministered, exerted a significant potentiating effect on the attenuation of morphine-induced place preference. Aminoguanidine (50, 100 mg/kg), the specific inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, whether alone or in combination with cyclosporin A failed to show this inhibitory effect on morphine-induced place preference. In conclusion, decreasing nitric oxide production through inhibiting constitutive nitric oxide synthase may be a mechanism through which cyclosporin A attenuates morphine-induced place preference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rouzbeh Motiei Langroudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave., Keshavarz Blvd., Kargar Ave., P.O. Box: 13145-784 Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liang D, Li X, Lighthall G, Clark JD. Heme oxygenase type 2 modulates behavioral and molecular changes during chronic exposure to morphine. Neuroscience 2004; 121:999-1005. [PMID: 14580950 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4522(03)00483-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme system has been shown to participate in nociceptive signaling in a number of different models of pain. In these experiments we investigated the role of the HO type 2 (HO-2) isozyme in tolerance to the analgesic effects of morphine, and the hyperalgesia and allodynia which are measurable upon cessation of administration. Wild type C57Bl/6 wild type mice or HO-2 null mutants in that background strain were treated with morphine for 5 days. The morphine administration protocol consisted of either twice daily repeated s.c. boluses of 15 mg/kg or s.c. implantation of a morphine pellet. At the end of the treatment period wild type mice treated by either protocol exhibited tolerance, but the HO-2 null mutants did not. The HO-2 null mutants also exhibited less mechanical allodynia following cessation of morphine administration, though only modest differences in thermal hyperalgesia were noted. There was no correlation between the degree of tolerance obtained in the bolus and pellet protocols and the degree of hyperalgesia and allodynia observed after cessation of morphine administration in the wild type mice. Our final experiments analyzed increases in expression of mRNA for nitric oxide synthase type 1, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NMDAR1 subunit and prodynorphin in spinal cord tissue. In pellet-treated mice two- to three-fold increases were observed in the abundance of these species, but very little change was observed in the null-mutant mice. Taken together our results indicate that HO-2 participates in the acquisition of opioid tolerance, the expression of mechanical allodynia after cessation of opioid administration and in gene regulation occurring in the setting of treatment with morphine. Furthermore, these studies suggest that the mechanisms underlying analgesic tolerance and opioid-induced hypersensitivity are at least somewhat distinct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Liang
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System and Stanford University Department of Anesthesiology, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Naidu PS, Singh A, Joshi D, Kulkarni SK. Possible mechanisms of action in quercetin reversal of morphine tolerance and dependence. Addict Biol 2003; 8:327-36. [PMID: 13129835 DOI: 10.1080/13556210310001602248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In an earlier study, we reported the ability of quercetin to reverse the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. In the present study we have attempted to explore the possible involvement of nitric oxide (NO) system in quercetin reversal of morphine tolerance and dependence in mice. Co-administration of L-N(G)-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or quercetin with morphine during the induction phase (days 1-9) delayed the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive action of morphine and also reversed naloxone precipitated withdrawal jumps. L-Arginine administration during the induction phase enhanced the development of tolerance to the antinociceptive effect of morphine but had no effect on the naloxone-precipitated withdrawal jumps. During the expression phase (day 10) acute administration of quercetin or L-NAME reversed, whereas L-arginine facilitated naloxone- precipitated withdrawal jumps in morphine-tolerant mice, but none of these drugs affected the nociceptive threshold in morphine-tolerant mice. Further, co-administration of quercetin or L-NAME with L-arginine during the induction phase antagonized the latter effects on the development of morphine tolerance. Also, prior administration of quercetin or L-NAME reversed the L-arginine potentiation of nalaxone-precipitated withdrawal jumps in morphine-tolerant mice. The results of the present study suggest that quercetin reversal of morphine tolerance and dependence may involve its ability to suppress nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pattipati S Naidu
- Parmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mehr SE, Samini M, Namiranian K, Homayoun H, Gaskari SA, Dehpour AR. Inhibition by immunophilin ligands of morphine-induced tolerance and dependence in guinea pig ileum. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 467:205-10. [PMID: 12706476 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(03)01632-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunophilin ligands, cyclosporine A and FK506 (tacrolimus), besides their immunosuppressive action, have several effects on different neural functions, such as modulation of the release of many neurotransmitters, the reduction of nitric oxide (NO) production by the inhibition of dephosphorylation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and the alteration of the expression of certain genes. Many of these actions apparently occur through the inhibition of calcineurin, a calcium-calmodulin-dependent phosphatase. On the other hand, several studies have shown that NO has a critical role in opioid-induced tolerance and dependence in both in vivo and in vitro models. In the present study, the effect of cyclosporine A and FK506 on the development of tolerance to and dependence on morphine in the guinea pig ileum was assessed. Morphine inhibited electrically stimulated twitch of ileum in a concentration-dependent manner (pD(2)=7.45+/-0.07). Tolerance to this effect was induced by incubation of ileum with 2 x IC(50) or 4 x IC(50) of morphine for 2 h that induced a degree of tolerance of 6.81 and 18.10, respectively. The co-incubation of ileum with morphine along with either cyclosporine A or FK506 reduced the degree of tolerance significantly (P<0.05) and restored the sensitivity of ileum to the morphine inhibitory effect. Dependence was induced by incubation with 4 x IC(50) of morphine for 2 h and was assessed based on naloxone-induced contractions (10(-5) M). Cyclosporine A (10(-9) M) and FK506 (10(-9) M) can attenuate the development of dependence to morphine as shown by the significant decrease in naloxone-induced contractions (P<0.05). These results suggest that immunophilin ligands at very low concentrations (nanomolar) can reduce the induction of acute tolerance to and dependence on morphine in the myenteric plexus of guinea pig ileum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ozek M, Uresin Y, Güngör M. Comparison of the effects of specific and nonspecific inhibition of nitric oxide synthase on morphine analgesia, tolerance and dependence in mice. Life Sci 2003; 72:1943-51. [PMID: 12597993 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(03)00100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of L-Canavanine, a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nonselective NOS inhibitor, on pain threshold and morphine induced analgesia, tolerance and dependence in mice were investigated and compared. Morphine was administered by subcutaneous implantation of a pellet containing 40 mg free base and withdrawal was precipitated by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of naloxone (2 mg/kg). L-Canavanine (200 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect the pain threshold, morphine-induced analgesia and the induction and expression phases of morphine tolerance and dependence. L-NAME (20 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced the pain threshold, potentiated morphine-induced analgesia and attenuated the expression phase of morphine dependence which has been characterized by withdrawal signs and body weight loss, but did not modify the induction phase of morphine tolerance and dependence. It is concluded that constitutive NOS isoforms which were inhibited by L-NAME may be involved specifically in the mechanisms of morphine induced analgesia, tolerance and dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Ozek
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Capa, Turkey
| | | | | |
Collapse
|