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Li H, Liu H, Zhao L. Unlocking the night: Exploring the health impacts of night-time walking environments on health outcomes of older adults. Soc Sci Med 2024; 361:117359. [PMID: 39366150 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Walking remains the primary form of physical activity for many older adults in China, and the quality of the walking environment at night may determine the frequency and duration of evening outings. This study reveals how night-time environmental features influence the health outcomes of older adults. Using the medical check-up records of 87,578 older adults from a public health service in the Beilin district of Xi'an city, China, the role of the night-time walking environment in managing chronic conditions was examined. A favorable night-time walking environment reduced the prevalence of chronic conditions and comorbidities among older adults. However, the health effects stemming from the night-time walking environment exhibited heterogeneity, with significant impacts only on metabolic conditions, such as hypertension and diabetes, while the effects on other conditions were not significant. Our findings supplement the theory of healthy aging by highlighting the potential value of the environment in managing chronic conditions, which may serve as a cost-effective health intervention for aging societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijun Liu
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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2
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Cook SB, Chaudhry BA, Petersen CL, Mackenzie TA, Batsis JA. Relationship of Handgrip Strength and Asymmetry with Walking Ability in Older Adults with Excess Adiposity. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024:e2400068. [PMID: 39007213 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
When low muscle mass and impaired strength and physical function coexist with excess adiposity, it is termed sarcopenic obesity (SO). Handgrip strength (HGS) is a predictor of disability and mortality. Asymmetry in HGS, particularly ≥ 10% strength differences between hands, may indicate neuromuscular dysfunction observable prior to declines in maximal strength are detectedand therefore could be incorporated to identify those at risk of physical limitations and SO. This study compares HGS values and asymmetry in older adults with excess adiposity and evaluates their relationships with physical function. Baseline data from two previous pilot weight loss studies in 85 older adults with body mass index values ≥ 30 kg m-2 are included with measures of body composition, walking speed, and chair stand ability. Sixty-three participants met the criteria for SO. HGS correlated to gait speed (r = 0.22), distance walked (r = 0.40), chair stand time for 5 repetitions (r = 0.42) and during 30 s (r = 0.31). HGS asymmetry is only correlated to gait speed (r = 0.31) and there are no differences in physical function between those with and without asymmetry. Maximal HGS tests should continue to be used to screen for functional decline and disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Summer B Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Bilal A Chaudhry
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Curtis L Petersen
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Todd A Mackenzie
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
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3
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Withers HG, Glinsky JV, Chu J, Jennings MD, Starkey I, Parmeter R, Boulos M, Cruwys JJ, Duong K, Jordan I, Wong D, Trang S, Duong M, Liu H, Hayes AJ, Lambert TE, Zadro JR, Sherrington C, Maher C, Lucas BR, Taylor D, Ferreira ML, Harvey LA. Remotely delivered physiotherapy is as effective as face-to-face physiotherapy for musculoskeletal conditions (REFORM): a randomised trial. J Physiother 2024; 70:124-133. [PMID: 38494405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2024.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
QUESTION Is remotely delivered physiotherapy as good or better than face-to-face physiotherapy for the management of musculoskeletal conditions? DESIGN Randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial with concealed allocation, blinded assessors and intention-to-treat analysis. PARTICIPANTS A total of 210 adult participants with a musculoskeletal condition who presented for outpatient physiotherapy at five public hospitals in Sydney. INTERVENTION One group received a remotely delivered physiotherapy program for 6 weeks that consisted of one face-to-face physiotherapy session in conjunction with weekly text messages, phone calls at 2 and 4 weeks, and an individualised home exercise program delivered through an app. The other group received usual face-to-face physiotherapy care in an outpatient setting. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 6 weeks with a pre-specified non-inferiority margin of -15 out of 100 points. Secondary outcomes included: the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 26 weeks; kinesiophobia, pain, function/disability, global impression of change and quality of life at 6 and 26 weeks; and satisfaction with service delivery at 6 weeks. RESULTS The mean between-group difference (95% CI) for the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 6 weeks was 2.7 out of 100 points (-3.5 to 8.8), where a positive score favoured remotely delivered physiotherapy. The lower end of the 95% CI was greater than the non-inferiority margin. Whilst non-inferiority margins were not set for the secondary outcomes, the 95% CI of the mean between-group difference ruled out clinically meaningful differences. CONCLUSION Remotely delivered physiotherapy with support via phone, text and an app is as good as face-to-face physiotherapy for the management of musculoskeletal conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12619000065190.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Withers
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joanne V Glinsky
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jackie Chu
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Ian Starkey
- Physiotherapy Department, Blacktown and Mt Druitt Hospitals, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rachel Parmeter
- Physiotherapy Department, Blacktown and Mt Druitt Hospitals, Sydney, Australia
| | - Max Boulos
- Musculoskeletal and Cancer Outpatients, Orthopaedics, ED, Fracture Clinic, Women's Health, Camden and Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jackson J Cruwys
- Physiotherapy Department, Camden and Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kitty Duong
- Physiotherapy Department, Camden and Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian Jordan
- Physiotherapy Department, Hornsby-Ku-Ring-Gai Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - David Wong
- Physiotherapy Department, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - San Trang
- Physiotherapy Department, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maggie Duong
- Physiotherapy Department, Bankstown-Lidcombe Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Hueiming Liu
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alison J Hayes
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tara E Lambert
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Joshua R Zadro
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Christopher Maher
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Barbara R Lucas
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Deborah Taylor
- Physiotherapy Department, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lisa A Harvey
- John Walsh Centre for Rehabilitation Research, Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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Spangler HB, Lynch DH, Gross D, Cook SB, Batsis JA. Changes in Weight or Body Composition by Frailty Status: A Pilot Study. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 43:83-94. [PMID: 38470401 PMCID: PMC11213668 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2024.2326807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Weight loss may benefit older adults with obesity. However, it is unknown whether individuals with different frailty phenotypes have different outcomes following weight loss. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 (n = 53) with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 were recruited for a six-month, single-arm, technology-based weight loss study. A 45-item frailty index identified frailty status using subjective and objective measures from a baseline geriatric assessment. At baseline, n = 22 participants were classified as pre-frail (41.5%) and n = 31 were frail (58.5%), with no differences in demographic characteristics. While weight decreased significantly in both groups (pre-frail: 90.8 ± 2.7 kg to 85.5 ± 2.4 kg (p < 0.001); frail: 102.7 ± 3.4 kg to 98.5 ± 3.3 kg (p < 0.001), no differences were observed between groups for changes in weight (p = 0.30), appendicular lean mass/height2 (p = 0.47), or fat-free mass (p = 0.06). Older adults with obesity can safely lose weight irrespective of frailty status using a technology-based approach. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the impact of specific lifestyle interventions differ by frailty status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David H. Lynch
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Danae Gross
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Summer B. Cook
- School of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham NH
| | - John A. Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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Wood BS, Batchek DJ, Lynch DH, Spangler HB, Gross DC, Petersen CL, Batsis JA. Impact of EASO/ESPEN-Defined Sarcopenic Obesity Following a Technology-Based Weight Loss Intervention. Calcif Tissue Int 2024; 114:60-73. [PMID: 37758867 PMCID: PMC11193940 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01138-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenic Obesity is the co-existence of increased adipose tissue (obesity) and decreased muscle mass or strength (sarcopenia) and is associated with worse outcomes than obesity alone. The new EASO/ESPEN consensus provides a framework to standardize its definition. This study sought to evaluate whether there are preliminary differences observed in weight loss or physical function in older adults with and without sarcopenic obesity taking part in a multicomponent weight loss intervention using these new definitions. METHODS A 6-month, non-randomized, non-blinded, single-arm pilot study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 in adults ≥ 65 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Weekly dietitian visits and twice-weekly physical therapist-led exercise classes were delivered using telemedicine. We conducted a secondary retrospective analysis of the parent study (n = 53 enrolled, n = 44 completers) that investigated the feasibility of a technology-based weight management intervention in rural older adults with obesity. Herein, we applied five definitions of sarcopenic obesity (outlined in the consensus) to ascertain whether the response to the intervention differed among those with and without sarcopenic obesity. Primary outcomes evaluated included weight loss and physical function (30-s sit-to-stand). RESULTS In the parent study, mean weight loss was - 4.6 kg (95% CI - 3.6, - 5.6; p < 0.001). Physical function measures of 30-s sit-to-stand showed a mean increase of 3.1 in sit-to-stand repetitions (+ 1.9, + 4.3; p < 0.001). In this current analysis, there was a significant decrease in weight and an increase in repetitions between baseline and follow-up within each group of individuals with and without sarcopenia for each of the proposed definitions. However, we did not observe any significant differences in the changes between groups from baseline to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The potential lack of significant differences in weight loss or physical function between older adults with and without sarcopenic obesity participating in a weight loss intervention may suggest that well-designed, multicomponent interventions can lead to similar outcomes irrespective of sarcopenia status in persons with obesity. Fully powered randomized clinical trials are critically needed to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Wood
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dakota J Batchek
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5017 Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David H Lynch
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hillary B Spangler
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Danae C Gross
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5017 Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Curtis L Petersen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5017 Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Beauchamp M, Hao Q, Kuspinar A, Alder G, Makino K, Nouredanesh M, Zhao Y, Mikton C, Thiyagarajan JA, Diaz T, Raina P. Measures of perceived mobility ability in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review of psychometric properties. Age Ageing 2023; 52:iv100-iv111. [PMID: 37902516 PMCID: PMC10615037 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this systematic review was to synthesise the psychometric properties of measures of perceived mobility ability and related frameworks used to define and operationalise mobility in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS We registered the review protocol with PROSPERO (CRD42022306689) and included studies that examined the psychometric properties of perceived mobility measures in community-dwelling older adults. Five databases were searched to identify potentially relevant primary studies. We qualitatively summarised psychometric property estimates and related operational frameworks. We conducted risk of bias and overall quality assessments, and meta-analyses when at least three studies were included for a particular outcome. The synthesised results were compared against the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments criteria for good measurement properties. RESULTS A total of 36 studies and 17 measures were included in the review. The Late-Life Function and Disability Index: function component (LLFDI-FC), lower extremity functional scale (LEFS), Mobility Assessment Tool (MAT)-short form (MAT-SF) or MAT-Walking, and Perceived Driving Abilities (PDA) Scale were identified with three or more eligible studies. Most measures showed sufficient test-retest reliability (moderate or high), while the PDA scale showed insufficient reliability (low). Most measures had sufficient or inconsistent convergent validity (low or moderate) or known-groups validity (low or very low), but their predictive validity and responsiveness were insufficient or inconsistent (low or very low). Few studies used a conceptual model. CONCLUSION The LLFDI-FC, LEFS, PDA and MAT-SF/Walking can be used in community-dwelling older adults by considering the summarised psychometric properties. No available comprehensive mobility measure was identified that covered all mobility domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Qiukui Hao
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gésine Alder
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Keitaro Makino
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Mina Nouredanesh
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Yunli Zhao
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Mikton
- Demographic Change and Healthy Aging Unit, Social Determinants of Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Theresa Diaz
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health and Ageing, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Parminder Raina
- McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Labarge Centre for Mobility in Aging, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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7
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Sari YM, Burton E, Lee DCA, Hill KD. A Telehealth Home-Based Exercise Program for Community-Dwelling Older People with Dementia in Indonesia: A Feasibility Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3397. [PMID: 36834093 PMCID: PMC9966659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a telehealth home-based exercise program for older people with dementia living in Indonesia with support from their informal carers. (2) Methods: Pre-post intervention single group study with three assessment time-points (baseline, 12 and 18 weeks). Participants with dementia underwent a 12-week physiotherapist-delivered telehealth exercise program, with informal carer supervision between supervised online sessions, and continued the exercises for a further six weeks without physiotherapist online supervision. (3) Results: Thirty dyads of older people with dementia and their informal carers were recruited; four (13.3%) withdrew across the 12-week intervention and one (3.3%) in the 6-week self-maintenance period. Median adherence was 84.1% (IQR [25, 75] = 17.1) during the 12-week intervention, and 66.7% (IQR [25, 75] = 16.7) in the self-maintenance period. No falls/adverse events were reported. Physical activity level, some aspects of function and disability, health-related benefits of exercise, exercise enjoyment and quality of life of older people with dementia improved significantly at 12 and 18 weeks. (4) Conclusions: The telehealth exercise program is feasible and safe and may have benefits for the health outcomes of community-living older people with dementia in Indonesia. Additional strategies are necessary to enhance longer-term adherence to the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulisna Mutia Sari
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
| | - Elissa Burton
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth 6102, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
| | - Den-Ching A. Lee
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Monash University and Peninsula Health, Melbourne 3199, Australia
| | - Keith D. Hill
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing, Monash University and Peninsula Health, Melbourne 3199, Australia
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Corrêa LCDAC, Gomes CDS, da Camara SMA, Barbosa JFDS, Azevedo IG, Vafaei A, Guerra RO. Gender-Specific Associations between Late-Life Disability and Socioeconomic Status: Findings from the International Mobility and Aging Study (IMIAS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2789. [PMID: 36833484 PMCID: PMC9956095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Disability is a dynamic process and can be influenced by a sociocultural environment. This study aimed to determine whether the associations between socioeconomic status and late-life disability differ by gender in a multi-sociocultural sample from different countries. A cross-sectional study was developed with 1362 older adults from The International Mobility in Aging Study. Late-life disability was measured through the disability component of the Late-Life Function Disability Instrument. Level of education, income sufficiency and lifelong occupation were used as indicators of SES. The results indicated that a low education level β = -3.11 [95% CI -4.70; -1.53] and manual occupation β = -1.79 [95% -3.40; -0.18] were associated with frequency decrease for men, while insufficient income β = -3.55 [95% CI -5.57; -1.52] and manual occupation β = -2.25 [95% CI -3.89; -0.61] played a negative role in frequency for women. For both men β = -2.39 [95% -4.68; -0.10] and women β = -3.39 [95% -5.77; -1.02], insufficient income was the only factor associated with greater perceived limitation during life tasks. This study suggested that men and women had different late-life disability experiences. For men, occupation and education were associated with a decrease in the frequency of participation, while for women this was associated with income and occupation. Income was associated with perceived limitation during daily life tasks for both genders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ingrid Guerra Azevedo
- Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Catolica de Temuco, Temuco 4813302, Chile
| | - Afshin Vafaei
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-140, Brazil
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McGinnis GJ, Holden S, Yu B, Ransom C, Guidarelli C, De B, Diao K, Boyce D, Thomas CR, Winters-Stone K, Raber J. Association of fall rate and functional status by APOE genotype in cancer survivors after exercise intervention. Oncotarget 2022; 13:1259-1270. [PMID: 36441715 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Cancer treatment survivors often report impaired functioning and increased falls. Not all survivors experience the same symptom burden, suggesting individual susceptibilities. APOE genotype is a potential genetic risk factor for cancer treatment related side effects. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity can mitigate the effect of APOE genotype on measures of clinical interest in individuals without a history of cancer. We tested the hypothesis that APOE genotype influences cancer treatment related side effects and symptoms as well as response to exercise intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data from a subsample of a study of fall prevention exercise in post-treatment female cancer survivors aged 50-75 years old (https://clinicaltrials.gov NCT01635413) were used to conduct a secondary data analysis. ApoE genotype was determined by serum sampling. Physical functioning, frequency of falls, and symptom burden were assessed using survey instruments. RESULTS Data from 126 female cancer survivors a median of 49 months out from cancer diagnosis were analyzed. ApoE4 carriers trended toward a higher fall rate at baseline (p = 0.059), but after exercise intervention had a fall rate lower than E4 non-carriers both immediately after structured intervention (p = 0.013) and after 6 months of follow up (p = 0.002). E2 carriers did not show improved measures of depressive symptoms and self-report disability after exercise intervention. E3 homozygotes showed increased self report physical activity after the 6 month exercise intervention, but E4 and E2 carriers did not. CONCLUSIONS APOE genotype may modulate cancer treatment related side effects and symptoms and response to exercise intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendolyn J McGinnis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah Holden
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Betty Yu
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Charlton Ransom
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Carolyn Guidarelli
- School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brian De
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin Diao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David Boyce
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Charles R Thomas
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock's Dartmouth Cancer Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Kerri Winters-Stone
- School of Nursing, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Joint last authors
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Department of Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.,Joint last authors
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10
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O’Hoski S, Kuspinar A, Wald J, Richardson J, Goldstein R, Beauchamp MK. People with COPD have greater participation restrictions than age-matched older adults without respiratory conditions assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275264. [PMID: 36194605 PMCID: PMC9531833 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation restriction has detrimental effects for older adults but it is unknown how participation differs for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) compared to older adults of the same age without respiratory conditions. We compared scores on the Late Life Disability Instrument (LLDI) between people with COPD (study group) and a random sample of older adults (control group). METHODS Participants with COPD (study group) were recruited from two hospitals in Ontario and age- and sex-matched with a ratio of 1:2 with participants from a random sample of community-dwelling older adults who did not report having respiratory conditions (control group). The study group completed the LLDI prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and the control group completed the LLDI at the end of the first wave of the pandemic. LLDI frequency and limitation scores were compared between groups using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. RESULTS Forty-six study group participants (mean age 74.2 (SD 5.5) years) and 92 control group participants (mean age 74.4 (SD 5.4) years) were included. Fifty-four percent of the participants were female. The majority of the study group had severe COPD (median forced expiratory volume in one second of 34.5 (25th-75th percentile 27.0-56.0) % predicted). LLDI sores were lower for the study group compared to the control group for both the frequency (median difference -5.4 points, p<0.001) and limitation (median difference -7.6 points, p<0.001) domains. The personal subscale demonstrated the largest magnitude of difference between groups (median difference -13.4 points) and the social subscale demonstrated the smallest magnitude of difference (-5.2 points). CONCLUSION People with COPD had greater participation restrictions than a random sample of older adults without ongoing respiratory conditions. The differences seen in participation between the two groups may have been reduced due to temporal confounding from the COVID-19 pandemic. While participation is relevant to all older adults, our results suggest that it is especially important that it be assessed in those with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachi O’Hoski
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Respiratory Research, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua Wald
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Richardson
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Roger Goldstein
- Respiratory Research, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marla K. Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Respiratory Research, West Park Healthcare Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- * E-mail:
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11
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Tallis J, Richardson DL, Eyre ELJ. The Influence of Easing COVID-19 Restrictions on the Physical Activity Intentions and Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in UK Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12521. [PMID: 36231822 PMCID: PMC9566482 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has had profound effects on physical activity behaviours of older adults, and understanding this impact is essential to driving public health policies to promote healthy ageing. The present study aimed to determine; (1) intended physical activity behaviours of older adults following the easing of UK COVID-19 restrictions; (2) the relationship between self-reported physical activity and intended physical activity behaviour; (3) perceived barriers to achieving the intended physical activity goal. Ninety-six participants (74.8 ± 4.4 years; 52 female) from a longitudinal study examining the impact of COVID-19 on physical activity were recruited. Participants outlined their future physical activity intentions and completed the COM-B Self Evaluation Questionnaire. Participants were split into groups based on their intention to 'Maintain' (n = 29), 'Increase' (n = 38) or 'Return' (n = 29) to pre-COVID-19 physical activity. Self-reported physical activity undulated over the pandemic but was mostly equivalent between groups. Intended physical activity behaviour was independent of self-report physical activity. Capability and motivation factors were the most frequently cited barriers to the intended physical activity behaviour, with a greater number of capability barriers in the 'Return' group. Such barriers should be considered in the COVID-19 recovery public health physical activity strategy for promoting healthy ageing.
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12
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Maximos M, Stratford P, Tang A, Dal Bello-Haas V. Description and Functional Benefits of Meeting Frequency, Intensity, and Time of Resistance and Cardiovascular Exercises: A Study of Older Adults in a Community-Based, Slow-Stream Rehabilitation, Hospital-to-Home Transition Program. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2022; 8:23337214221096303. [PMID: 35615344 PMCID: PMC9125058 DOI: 10.1177/23337214221096303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This prospective cohort study described cardiovascular and resistance exercises completed by older adults in a community-based, slow-stream rehabilitation, hospital-to-home transition program; compared exercises completed to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) exercise guidelines; and, assessed differences in Late Life Function and Disability Index (LLFDI)-Function Component (FC) between older adults who met and did not meet the ACSM guidelines. Descriptive statistics and Factorial ANCOVA were conducted. For cardiovascular exercise 59.3% of participants met frequency, 73.4% met intensity, and 35.9% met time. For resistance exercise, 67.2% of participants met frequency, 42.2% met intensity, and 76.6% number of repetitions. Participants who met both frequency and time for cardiovascular exercise had higher LLFDI-FC scores, as did those who met intensity and/or number of repetitions for resistance exercise. The findings provide support that older adults engaged in a slow-stream rehabilitation program can meet the ACSM exercise guidelines for community-dwelling older adults, and that meeting the guidelines improves function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody Maximos
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
| | - Paul Stratford
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
| | - Ada Tang
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
| | - Vanina Dal Bello-Haas
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
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13
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Knox PJ, Simon CB, Pohlig RT, Pugliese JM, Coyle PC, Sions JM, Hicks GE. A Standardized Assessment of Movement-evoked Pain Ratings Is Associated With Functional Outcomes in Older Adults With Chronic Low Back Pain. Clin J Pain 2021; 38:241-249. [PMID: 34954729 PMCID: PMC8917081 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000001016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite high prevalence estimates, chronic low back pain (CLBP) remains poorly understood among older adults. Movement-evoked pain (MeP) is an understudied factor in this population that may importantly contribute to disability. This study investigated whether a novel MeP paradigm contributed to self-reported and performance-based function in older adults with CLBP. MATERIALS AND METHODS This secondary analysis includes baseline data from 230 older adults with CLBP in the context of a prospective cohort study. The Repeated Chair Rise Test, Six Minute Walk Test, and Stair Climbing Test were used to elicit pain posttest LBP ratings were aggregated to yield the MeP variable. Self-reported and performance-based function were measured by the Late Life Function and Disability Index (LLFDI) scaled function score and Timed Up-and-Go Test (TUG), respectively. Robust regression with HC3 standard errors was used to model adjusted associations between MeP and both functional outcomes; age, sex, body mass index, and pain characteristics (ie, intensity, quality, and duration) were utilized as covariates. RESULTS MeP was present in 81.3% of participants, with an average rating of 5.09 (SD=5.4). Greater aggregated posttest MeP was associated with decreased LLFDI scores (b=-0.30, t=-2.81, P=0.005) and poorer TUG performance (b=0.081, t=2.35, P=0.020), independent of covariates. LBP intensity, quality and duration were not associated with the LLFDI or TUG, (all P>0.05). DISCUSSION Aggregated posttest MeP independently contributed to worse self-reported and performance-based function among older adults with CLBP. To understand long-term consequences of MeP, future studies should examine longitudinal associations between MeP and function in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J. Knox
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Corey B. Simon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Ryan T. Pohlig
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
- Biostatistics Core, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | | | - Peter C. Coyle
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Jaclyn M. Sions
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Gregory E. Hicks
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
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14
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Beauchamp MK, Vrkljan B, Kirkwood R, Vesnaver E, Macedo LG, Keller H, Astephen-Wilson J, Sohel N, Noble T, Dietrich N, Gardner P, Newbold KB, Scott D. Impact of COVID-19 on mobility and participation of older adults living in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: a multimethod cohort design protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053758. [PMID: 34916322 PMCID: PMC8678540 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The novel COVID-19 required many countries to impose public health measures that likely impacted the participation and mobility of community-dwelling older adults. This protocol details a multimethod cohort design undertaken to describe short-term and medium-term changes to the mobility and participation of older Canadians living in the community rather than retirement facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A longitudinal telephone (or online)-administered survey is being conducted with a random sample of older adults living within 20 km of McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, identified from census dissemination areas. Baseline data collection of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and over began in May 2020 with follow-ups at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument and global rating of change anchors are the primary outcomes of interest. A subsample of respondents will participate in open-ended, semistructured interviews conducted over the telephone or through video-conference, to explore participants' lived experiences with respect to their mobility and participation during the pandemic. Descriptive statistics and quantitative approaches will be used to determine changes in mobility and social and personal participation, and associated personal and environmental factors. For the interviews, qualitative data will be analysed using descriptive phenomenology. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approval was obtained from the Hamilton Integrated Research Ethics Board of McMaster University (2020-10814-GRA). This study may inform the design of programmes that can support community-dwelling older adults during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and conferences focused on ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla K Beauchamp
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Brenda Vrkljan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Renata Kirkwood
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Elisabeth Vesnaver
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luciana G Macedo
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Heather Keller
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Nazmul Sohel
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Tara Noble
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Nicholas Dietrich
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Paula Gardner
- Department of Communication Studies and Multimedia, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - K Bruce Newbold
- School of Earth, Environment & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
| | - Darren Scott
- School of Earth, Environment & Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, California, Canada
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15
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Batsis JA, Petersen CL, Clark MM, Cook SB, Lopez-Jimenez F, Al-Nimr RI, Pidgeon D, Kotz D, Mackenzie TA, Bartels SJ. A Weight Loss Intervention Augmented by a Wearable Device in Rural Older Adults With Obesity: A Feasibility Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:95-100. [PMID: 32384144 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older persons with obesity aged 65+ residing in rural areas have reduced access to weight management programs due to geographic isolation. The ability to integrate technology into health promotion interventions shows a potential to reach this underserved population. METHODS A 12-week pilot in 28 older rural adults with obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) was conducted at a community aging center. The intervention consisted of individualized, weekly dietitian visits focusing on behavior therapy and caloric restriction with twice weekly physical therapist-led group strengthening training classes in a community-based aging center. All participants were provided a Fitbit Flex 2. An aerobic activity prescription outside the strength training classes was provided. RESULTS Mean age was 72.9 ± 5.3 years (82% female). Baseline BMI was 37.1 kg/m2, and waist circumference was 120.0 ± 33.0 cm. Mean weight loss (pre/post) was 4.6 ± 3.2 kg (4.9 ± 3.4%; p < .001). Of the 40 eligible participants, 33 (75%) enrolled, and the completion rate was high (84.8%). Objective measures of physical function improved at follow-up: 6-minute walk test improved: 35.7 ± 41.2 m (p < .001); gait speed improved: 0.10 ± 0.24 m/s (p = .04); and five-times sit-to-stand improved by 2.1 seconds (p < .001). Subjective measures of late-life function improved (5.2 ± 7.1 points, p = .003), as did Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information Systems mental and physical health scores (5.0 ± 5.7 and 4.4 ± 5.0, both p < .001). Participants wore their Fitbit 93.9% of all intervention days, and were overall satisfied with the trial (4.5/5.0, 1-5 low-high) and with Fitbit (4.0/5.0). CONCLUSIONS A multicomponent obesity intervention incorporating a wearable device is feasible and acceptable to older adults with obesity, and potentially holds promise in enhancing health.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | | | | | | | - Rima I Al-Nimr
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Dawna Pidgeon
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - David Kotz
- Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Todd A Mackenzie
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, New Hampshire
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16
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Withers HG, Glinsky JV, Chu J, Jennings MD, Hayes AJ, Starkey IJ, Palmer BA, Szymanek L, Cruwys JJ, Wong D, Duong K, Barnett A, Tindall MJ, Lucas BR, Lambert TE, Sherrington C, Maher CG, Ferreira ML, Taylor DA, Harvey LA. Face-to-face physiotherapy compared with a supported home exercise programme for the management of musculoskeletal conditions: protocol of a multicentre, randomised controlled trial-the REFORM trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041242. [PMID: 34006536 PMCID: PMC8130735 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exercise, support and advice are considered core components of management for most musculoskeletal conditions and are typically provided by physiotherapists through regular face-to-face treatments. However, exercise can be provided remotely as part of a home exercise programme, while support and advice can be provided over the telephone. There is initial evidence from trials and systematic reviews to suggest that remotely provided physiotherapy can be used to manage a variety of musculoskeletal conditions safely and effectively. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The aim of this single-blind randomised controlled non-inferiority trial is to determine whether a supported home exercise programme is as good as or better than face-to-face physiotherapy for the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. Two hundred and ten participants will be recruited from five public hospitals in Sydney, Australia. Participants will be randomised to either the supported home exercise group or the face-to-face physiotherapy group. Participants allocated to the supported home exercise group will initially receive one face-to-face session with the trial physiotherapist and will then be managed remotely for the next 6 weeks. Participants allocated to the face-to-face physiotherapy group will receive a course of physiotherapy as typically provided in Sydney government hospitals. The primary outcome is function measured by the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 6 weeks. There will be nine secondary outcomes measured at 6 and 26 weeks. Separate analyses will be conducted on each outcome, and all analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. A health economic evaluation will be conducted from a health funder plus patient perspective. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained on the 17 March 2017 from the Northern Sydney Local Health District HREC, trial number HREC/16HAWKE/431-RESP/16/287. The results of this study will be submitted for publication to peer-reviewed journals and be presented at national and international conferences. Recruitment commenced in March 2019, and it is anticipated that the trial will be completed by December 2021. This trial will investigate two different models of physiotherapy care for people with musculoskeletal conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CPMP/ICH-135/95. PROTOCOL VERSION The most recent version of the protocol is V.1.2 dated November 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G Withers
- Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanne V Glinsky
- Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jackie Chu
- Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew D Jennings
- Department of Physiotherapy, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison J Hayes
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian J Starkey
- Physiotherapy Department, Blacktown & Mount Druitt Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Blake A Palmer
- Physiotherapy Department, Blacktown & Mount Druitt Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lukas Szymanek
- Department of Physiotherapy, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jackson J Cruwys
- Department of Physiotherapy, Campbelltown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Wong
- Department of Physiotherapy, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kitty Duong
- Department of Physiotherapy, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Barnett
- Department of Physiotherapy, Bankstown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matthew J Tindall
- Department of Physiotherapy, Bankstown Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Barbara R Lucas
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tara E Lambert
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher G Maher
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Manuela L Ferreira
- Institute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Deborah A Taylor
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lisa A Harvey
- Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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Change in GPS-assessed walking locations following a cluster-randomized controlled physical activity trial in older adults, results from the MIPARC trial. Health Place 2021; 69:102573. [PMID: 33934062 PMCID: PMC9177163 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2021.102573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study employed novel GPS methods to assess the effect of a multilevel physical activity (PA) intervention on device-measured walking locations in 305 community dwelling older adults, ages 65+ (mean age = 83, 73% women). Retirement communities were randomized to a 1-year PA intervention that encouraged neighborhood walking, or to a healthy aging control condition. Total time and time spent walking in four life-space domains were assessed using GPS and accelerometer devices. The intervention increased the time spent walking as a proportion of total time spent in the Campus, Neighborhood and Beyond Neighborhood domains. Intervention effects on walking location were observed in both genders and across physical and cognitive functioning groups. Results demonstrate that an intervention providing individual, social and environmental support for walking can increase PA in larger life-space domains for a broad spectrum of older adults.
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Chew KA, Xu X, Siongco P, Villaraza S, Phua AKS, Wong ZX, Chung CY, Tang N, Chew E, Henry CJ, Koo E, Chen C. SINgapore GERiatric intervention study to reduce physical frailty and cognitive decline (SINGER)-pilot: A feasibility study. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021; 7:e12141. [PMID: 33748399 PMCID: PMC7958306 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SINGER pilot randomized controlled trial aims to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study (FINGER) multi-domain lifestyle interventions compared to Singaporean adaptations. METHODS Seventy elderly participants were recruited and randomized into FINGER (n = 36) or SINGER (n = 34) interventions; involving physical exercise, cognitive training, diet, and vascular risk factors management, for 6 months. RESULTS Both intervention groups were equally feasible and acceptable with participants completing at least 80% of the interventions. Body strength improved in both groups (Pupper body = .04, P lower body = .06, P core = .05). More participants in the SINGER group attained good blood pressure control at month-6 compared to FINGER (41% vs 19%; P = .06). DISCUSSION This study is the first to compare the feasibility of multi-domain interventions adapted to local culture with the FINGER interventions. The findings will be utilized for a larger study to provide evidence for the efficacy of multi-domain lifestyle interventions in preventing cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Ann Chew
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Xin Xu
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- School of Public Health and the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of School of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Paula Siongco
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Psychological MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Steven Villaraza
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Psychological MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - April Ka Sin Phua
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Psychological MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Zi Xuen Wong
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Psychological MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Chooi Yu Chung
- Clinical Nutrition Research CentreSingapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
| | - Ning Tang
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
| | - Effie Chew
- Division of Neurology, Department of MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Christiani Jeyakumar Henry
- Clinical Nutrition Research CentreSingapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Edward Koo
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
| | - Christopher Chen
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore
- Memory, Ageing and Cognition Centre (MACC), Department of Psychological MedicineNational University HospitalSingaporeSingapore
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Yip W, Ge L, Heng BH, Tan WS. Association between patient-reported functional measures and incident falls. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5201. [PMID: 33664301 PMCID: PMC7933133 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Lower extremity muscle strength, and functional limitations are important modifiable predictors of falls, but are often examined using performance based measures. We examined the association between self-reported physical function limitations, determined using Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument(LLFDI) and incident falls in community-dwelling elderly individuals. 283 older adults participants were included in this analysis. Physical function limitations were defined as a person's difficulty in completing items of the lower extremity function domain and composite scores of the LLFDI. Information on falls was obtained through a standardised questionnaire. At one-year follow-up, 15.2% (43) of the participants experienced their first fall. In the multivariable analysis, individuals who reported difficulties in items of lower extremity function domain were more likely to experience a fall (incidence rate ratio[IRR]: ranging between 2.43 and 7.01; all P ≤ 0.046). In addition, decreasing advanced lower extremity function scores (IRR: 1.70, 95% confidence interval[CI]): 1.04, 2.78) and overall function component score (IRR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.22, 3.44) were associated with higher risk of incident falls. Physical function limitations, determined using LLFDI, were associated with incident falls. Our findings provide further evidence that the LLFDI function component has the potential to be used as a self-assessment tool for fall risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfen Yip
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link #03-08, Nexus@one-north, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Lixia Ge
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link #03-08, Nexus@one-north, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Bee Hoon Heng
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link #03-08, Nexus@one-north, Singapore, 138543, Singapore
| | - Woan Shin Tan
- Health Services and Outcomes Research, National Healthcare Group, 3 Fusionopolis Link #03-08, Nexus@one-north, Singapore, 138543, Singapore.
- Geriatric Education and Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
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Dean C, Clemson L, Ada L, Scrivener K, Lannin N, Mikolaizak S, Day S, Cusick A, Gardner B, Heller G, Isbel S, Jones T, Mumford V, Preston E. Home-based, tailored intervention for reducing falls after stroke (FAST): Protocol for a randomized trial. Int J Stroke 2021; 16:1053-1058. [PMID: 33568018 DOI: 10.1177/1747493021991990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE People with stroke experience falls at more than twice the rate of the general older population resulting in high fall-related injuries. However, there are currently no effective interventions that prevent falls after stroke. AIMS To determine the effect and cost-benefit of an innovative, home-based, tailored intervention to reduce falls after stroke. SAMPLE SIZE ESTIMATE A total of 370 participants will be recruited in order to be able to detect a clinically important between-group difference of a 30% lower rate of falls with 80% power at a two-tailed significance level of 0.05. METHODS AND DESIGN Falls after stroke trial (FAST) is a multistate, Phase III randomized trial with concealed allocation, blinded assessment, and intention-to-treat analysis. Ambulatory stroke survivors within five years of stroke who have been discharged from formal rehabilitation to the community and who have no significant language impairment will be randomly allocated to receive habit-forming exercise, home safety, and community mobility training or usual care. STUDY OUTCOMES The primary outcome is the rate of falls over the previous 12 months. Secondary outcomes are the risk of falling (proportion of fallers), community participation, self-efficacy, balance, mobility, physical activity, depression, and health-related quality of life. Health care utilization will be collected retrospectively at baseline and prospectively to 6 and 12 months. DISCUSSION The results of FAST are anticipated to directly influence intervention for stroke survivors in the community.Trial Registration: ANZCTR 12619001114134.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Dean
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, 7788Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lindy Clemson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Louise Ada
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katherine Scrivener
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, 7788Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Lannin
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stefanie Mikolaizak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sally Day
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Cusick
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Gillian Heller
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, 4334The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Isbel
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Taryn Jones
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, 7788Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Virginia Mumford
- Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, 7788Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Batsis JA, Petersen CL, Clark MM, Cook SB, Kotz D, Gooding TL, Roderka MN, Al-Nimr RI, Pidgeon D, Haedrich A, Wright KC, Aquila C, Mackenzie TA. Feasibility and acceptability of a technology-based, rural weight management intervention in older adults with obesity. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:44. [PMID: 33435877 PMCID: PMC7801868 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01978-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults with obesity residing in rural areas have reduced access to weight management programs. We determined the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary outcomes of an integrated technology-based health promotion intervention in rural-living, older adults using remote monitoring and synchronous video-based technology. METHODS A 6-month, non-randomized, non-blinded, single-arm study was conducted from October 2018 to May 2020 at a community-based aging center of adults aged ≥65 years with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. Weekly dietitian visits focusing on behavior therapy and caloric restriction and twice-weekly physical therapist-led group strength, flexibility and balance training classes were delivered using video-conferencing to participants in their homes. Participants used a Fitbit Alta HR for remote monitoring with data feedback provided by the interventionists. An aerobic activity prescription was provided and monitored. RESULTS Mean age was 72.9±3.9 years (82% female). Baseline anthropometric measures of weight, BMI, and waist circumference were 97.8±16.3 kg, 36.5±5.2 kg/m2, and 115.5±13.0 cm, respectively. A total of 142 participants were screened (n=27 ineligible), and 53 consented. There were nine dropouts (17%). Overall satisfaction with the trial (4.7+ 0.6, scale: 1 (low) to 5 (high)) and with Fitbit (4.2+ 0.9) were high. Fitbit was worn an average of 81.7±19.3% of intervention days. In completers, mean weight loss was 4.6±3.5 kg or 4.7±3.5% (p< 0.001). Physical function measures of 30-s sit-to-stand repetitions increased from 13.5±5.7 to 16.7±5.9 (p< 0.001), 6-min walk improved by 42.0±77.3 m (p=0.005) but no differences were observed in gait speed or grip strength. Subjective measures of late-life function improved (3.4±4.7 points, p< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A technology-based obesity intervention is feasible and acceptable to older adults with obesity and may lead to weight loss and improved physical function. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered on Clinicaltrials.gov # NCT03104205 . Registered on April 7, 2017. First participant enrolled on October 1st, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, School of Medicine, and Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5017 Old Clinic Building, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | | | - Matthew M Clark
- Mayo Clinic Rochester, Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, and Division of Endocrinology, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Tyler L Gooding
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Meredith N Roderka
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Rima I Al-Nimr
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Dawna Pidgeon
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ann Haedrich
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - K C Wright
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Christina Aquila
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Geisel School of Medicine, and The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Hanover, NH, USA
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22
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Abstract
To estimate the user gait speed can be crucial in many topics, such as health care systems, since the presence of difficulties in walking is a core indicator of health and function in aging and disease. Methods for non-invasive and continuous assessment of the gait speed may be key to enable early detection of cognitive diseases such as dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. Wearable technologies can provide innovative solutions for healthcare problems. Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology is excellent for wearables because it is very energy efficient, secure, and inexpensive. In this paper, the BLE-GSpeed database is presented. The dataset is composed of several BLE RSSI measurements obtained while users were walking at a constant speed along a corridor. Moreover, a set of experiments using a baseline algorithm to estimate the gait speed are also presented to provide baseline results to the research community.
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23
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Richardson DL, Duncan MJ, Clarke ND, Myers TD, Tallis J. The influence of COVID-19 measures in the United Kingdom on physical activity levels, perceived physical function and mood in older adults: A survey-based observational study. J Sports Sci 2020; 39:887-899. [PMID: 33241966 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1850984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In March 2020, the spreading Coronavirus (COVID-19) prompted the United Kingdom government to introduce a societal shutdown, accompanied by self-isolation and social-distancing measures to reduce virus transmission. In doing so, opportunities for physical activity were likely reduced, potentially causing detrimental effects to older adults. Therefore, the present study investigated the influence of the initial six weeks of lockdown on physical activity levels, perceived physical function and mood in older adults. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods, observational study was conducted using self-administered, fortnightly online surveys throughout the UK between 21st March-4 May 2020. A total of 117 participants (52 males [age: 76 ± 4 years] and 65 females [age: 76 ± 4 years]) completed all surveys. Despite lockdown restrictions, this group of older adults maintained their pre-lockdown physical activity levels, but also increased their self-reported sedentary time. Subsequently, perception of physical function was maintained across lockdown. With regards to mood; the only strong evidence for an increase in depression was for males (ps = 95.35%; >0.3 AU), although self-reported levels of depression were similar between sexes at week six. Given the link between sedentary behaviour and negative health outcomes in older adults, strategies to reduce sedentariness during the COVID-19 pandemic are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren L Richardson
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Michael J Duncan
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Neil D Clarke
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Tony D Myers
- Sport, Physical Activity and Health Research Centre, Newman University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jason Tallis
- Centre for Applied Biological & Exercise Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Pliner EM, Sturnieks DL, Lord SR. Individual factors that influence task performance on a straight ladder in older people. Exp Gerontol 2020; 142:111127. [PMID: 33184033 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Older adults have the highest incidence of domestic ladder falls, but little investigation has been given to this important injury issue. There is therefore a need to understand the influence of individual factors like physical and cognitive ability and psychological status on safe and effective ladder use in this population. This study investigated associations between vision, lower and upper limb sensation, upper limb control, strength, balance, cognitive function and psychological status with task completion time and number of ladder moves taken in a simulated roof gutter clearing task on a straight ladder in 97 older adults. Several measures from upper limb control, strength, balance, processing speed, executive function and psychological domains were significantly associated with the two ladder task performance measures. Upper limb bimanual coordination, knee extension strength, coordinated leaning balance, and self-reported risk-taking were identified as independent and significant predictors of task completion time in a multiple regression model, predicting 56% of the variability in ladder task completion time. Upper limb bimanual coordination and proprioception, simple reaction time and coordinated leaning balance were independent and significant predictors of the number of ladder moves in a separate multiple regression model, predicting 38% of the variability in ladder moves taken. These findings help identify individuals at greater ladder fall risk and can guide ladder fall interventions, such as strength and balance training, ladder design and targeted safety instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Pliner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Daina L Sturnieks
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, AUS.
| | - Stephen R Lord
- Falls, Balance and Injury Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, AUS.
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25
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Christiansen CL, Miller MJ, Kline PW, Fields TT, Sullivan WJ, Blatchford PJ, Stevens-Lapsley JE. Biobehavioral Intervention Targeting Physical Activity Behavior Change for Older Veterans after Nontraumatic Amputation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. PM R 2020; 12:957-966. [PMID: 32248638 PMCID: PMC8229675 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower-limb amputation (LLA) due to non-traumatic vascular etiology is linked to extremely low physical activity and high disability. OBJECTIVE To test the feasibility of a biobehavioral intervention designed to promote physical activity. DESIGN A randomized, single-blind feasibility trial with a crossover design. SETTING Veterans Administration Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS Military veterans (age: 65.7 [7.8] years; mean [standard deviation]) with nontraumatic lower-limb amputation (LLA), randomized to two groups: GROUP1 (n = 16) and GROUP2 (n = 15). Both groups had similar baseline amputation characteristics (level of amputation and time since amputation). INTERVENTIONS Twelve weekly, 30-minute telehealth sessions of physical activity behavior-change intervention, with GROUP1 participating in weeks 1-12 and GROUP2 in weeks 13-24. GROUP1 noncontact phase in weeks 13-24 and GROUP2 attention control telehealth phase in weeks 1-12. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Feasibility (participant retention, dose goal attainment, intervention acceptability [Intrinsic Motivation Inventory [IMI] Interest and Enjoyment scale], safety) and signal of efficacy (free-living physical activity [accelerometer-based average daily step count], Late Life Function and Disability Index - Disability Scale [LLFDI-DS]). RESULTS Participant retention rate was high (90%), with three participants lost to follow-up during the intervention period. Dose goal attainment was low, with only 10% of participants achieving an a priori walking dose goal. Intervention was rated as acceptable, with mean IMI Interest and Enjoyment score (5.8) statistically higher than the null value of 5.0 (P = .002). There were no between-group differences in adverse event rates (falls: P = .19, lower extremity wounds: P = .60). There was no signal of efficacy for change in average daily step count (d = -0.15) or LLFDI-DS (d = -0.22 and 0.17 for frequency and limitations scales, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Telehealth delivered biobehavioral intervention resulted in acceptable participant retention, low dose goal attainment, high participant acceptability, and low safety risk, while having no signal of efficacy (physical activity, disability) for people with nontraumatic LLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory L Christiansen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Matthew J Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
- Division of Geriatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Paul W Kline
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Thomas T Fields
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rocky Mountain Regional Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - William J Sullivan
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Patrick J Blatchford
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Jennifer E Stevens-Lapsley
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
- VA Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO
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26
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Batsis JA, Petersen CL, Cook SB, Al-Nimr RI, Pidgeon D, Mackenzie TA, Bartels SJ. A Community-Based Feasibility Study of Weight-Loss in Rural, Older Adults with Obesity. J Nutr Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 39:192-204. [PMID: 32907522 DOI: 10.1080/21551197.2020.1817226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was a 12-week feasibility weight-loss intervention consisting of caloric restriction and aerobic/resistance exercise in older adults with obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2) in a geographically isolated area. Primary outcomes assessed weight and physical function. Mean age was 71.0 ± 5.1 years (67% female). Individuals completed 100% of all assessments, attended 88% of the physical therapy classes and 89% of the nutrition sessions. Level of satisfaction (5-point Likert) was high (5.0, 1 - low; 5 - high). Weight decreased from 93.7 ± 9.7 to 89.4 ± 4.0 kg (p < 0.001). Mean BMI and waist circumference decreased, respectively, from 35.4 ± 3.4 to 33.6 ± 3.7 (p < 0.001), and 116.3 ± 7.5 to 108.7 ± 9.2 cm (p = 0.002). Grip strength, gait speed, and 5-times sit-to-stand time all improved from 29.2 ± 7.5 to 35.2 ± 6.7 kg (p = 0.006), 1.16 ± 0.21 to 1.35 ± 0.23 m/s (p = 0.004), and 12.5 ± 4.0 to 9.6 ± 1.7s (p = 0.02). The intervention was feasible and acceptable, and holds promise in promoting weight loss with a concomitant improvement in physical function in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Curtis L Petersen
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Summer B Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Rima I Al-Nimr
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Geisel School of Medicine, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy, Lebanon, NH, USA
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27
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Corregidor-Sánchez AI, Segura-Fragoso A, Criado-Álvarez JJ, Rodríguez-Hernández M, Mohedano-Moriano A, Polonio-López B. Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Systems to Improve the Activities of Daily Life in Older People. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6283. [PMID: 32872313 PMCID: PMC7504692 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
(1) This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments with virtual reality systems (VRSs) on the functional autonomy of older adults versus conventional treatment. (3) Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis. An electronic data search was carried out, following the PRISMA statement, up to February 2020. We combined results from clinical trials using VRSs for the improvement of basic and instrumental activities of daily living. The guidelines of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were followed for calculations and risk of bias. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to assess the quality of evidence. (4) Results: The final analysis included 23 studies with a population of 1595 participants. A moderate, but clinically significant, effect was found for basic activities of daily living (BADLs), (Standard Medium Deviation, SMD 0.61; 95% CI: -0.15-1.37; P < 0.001). A small effect was found for instrumental ADLs (Instrumental Activities of daily living, IADLs) (SMD -0.34; 95% CI: -0.82-0.15; P < 0.001). Functional ambulation was the BADL which improved the most (SMD -0.63; 95% CI: -0.86, -0.40; P < 0.001). (5) Conclusion: The use of VRSs is an innovative and feasible technique to support and improve the functional autonomy of community-dwelling older adults. Due to the very low quality of the evidence for our main outcomes, the effects of a VRS on the BADLs and IADLs are uncertain. Clinical trials of a higher methodological quality are necessary to increase the level of knowledge of its actual effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-Isabel Corregidor-Sánchez
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Antonio Segura-Fragoso
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Juan-José Criado-Álvarez
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
- Institute of Sciences Health, 45006 Castilla la Mancha, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Hernández
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Alicia Mohedano-Moriano
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
| | - Begoña Polonio-López
- Faculty of Sciences Health, University of Castilla la Mancha, 45600 Talavera de la Reina, Spain; (A.S.-F.); (J.-J.C.-Á.); (M.R.-H.); (A.M.-M.); (B.P.-L.)
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28
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Associations Between Physical Activity Intensities and Physical Function in Stroke Survivors. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 99:733-738. [PMID: 32167953 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Impairment caused by stroke is a major cause of disablement in older adults. Physical activity has been shown to improve physical functioning; however, little research has been done to explore how physical activity of different intensities may affect physical function among stroke survivors. The purpose of this study was to examine the patterns of accelerometer-measured physical activity and the relationship between physical activity intensities and objective physical functioning and perceived functional limitations in stroke survivors. METHODS Stroke survivors (N = 30, mean age = 61.77 ± 11.17) completed the Short Physical Performance Battery and the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument. Physical activity intensities were measured objectively using a 7-day actigraph accelerometer wear period and scored using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cutoffs for sedentary (counts/minute ≤100), light (counts/minute 101-2019), and moderate to vigorous (moderate to vigorous physical activity counts/minute ≥2020) activity. RESULTS Multiple linear regressions controlling for age and time since stroke demonstrated that higher levels of moderate to vigorous physical activity predicted better Short Physical Performance Battery performance (β = .43, P = 0.04). For self-reported physical function, light physical activity predicted better basic lower limb function (β = .45, P = 0.009), better advanced lower limb function (β = .53, P = 0.003), better upper limb function (β = .37, P = 0.04), and higher total function score (β = .52, P = 0.002) on the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that light activity as well as moderate to vigorous physical activity may contribute to better physical functioning in stroke survivors. Although moderate to vigorous physical activity significantly predicted the objective measure of physical function (Short Physical Performance Battery), light physical activity consistently predicted higher scores on all subscales of the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument. Disabilities resulting from stroke may limit this population from engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity, and these findings highlight the importance of light physical activity, which may offer similar perceived functional benefits. Future studies should focus on development of effective exercise interventions for stroke survivors by incorporating and comparing both moderate to vigorous physical activity and light-intensity physical activity.
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29
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Lowry K, Woods T, Malone A, Krajek A, Smiley A, Van Swearingen J. The Figure-of-8 Walk Test used to detect the loss of motor skill in walking among persons with Parkinson's disease. Physiother Theory Pract 2020; 38:552-560. [PMID: 32543340 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2020.1774948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Figure-of-8 Walk Test (F8W) is a valid measure of walking skill in older adults with a mobility disability. Use of the F8W in assessing walking skill in persons with Parkinson's disease (PWP) is unknown. PURPOSE We examined the validity of the F8W by associations with mobility, and cognitive and physical function, and determined the ability of the F8W to discriminate the motor skill of walking in PWP from that of older adults (OA). METHODS Participants, PWP (n = 60) and OA (n = 34) performed the F8W, usual straight path walking, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and the Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). RESULTS Among PWP, F8W time and steps related to: usual gait speed (r = -0.660, -0.650); stride time variability (r = 0.377, 0.438); cognition (r = -0.293, time only); and physical function (r = -0.532, - 0.619), all p < .05. Area under the curve (AUC) analyses demonstrated greater sensitivity and specificity of F8W performance (0.811, 0.790) compared to usual gait speed (0.729) to recognize the motor skill of walking in PWP from that of OA. CONCLUSION The F8W is a valid indicator of the motor skill of walking in PWP. Use of the F8W may uncover walking difficulties not identified by usual gait speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Lowry
- Department of Physical Therapy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Taylor Woods
- Department of Physical Therapy, Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Amanda Malone
- Iowa Clinic Waukee Physical Therapy, Waukee, IA, USA
| | - Alex Krajek
- University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ann Smiley
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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30
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Gordt K, Mikolaizak AS, Taraldsen K, Bergquist R, Van Ancum JM, Nerz C, Pijnappels M, Maier AB, Helbostad JL, Vereijken B, Becker C, Schwenk M. Creating and Validating a Shortened Version of the Community Balance and Mobility Scale for Application in People Who Are 61 to 70 Years of Age. Phys Ther 2020; 100:180-191. [PMID: 31581286 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Community Balance and Mobility Scale (CBM) has been shown to be reliable and valid for detecting subtle balance and mobility deficits in people who are 61 to 70 years of age. However, item redundancy and assessment time call for a shortened version. OBJECTIVE The objective was to create and validate a shortened version of the CBM (s-CBM) without detectable loss of psychometric properties. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS Exploratory factor analysis with data from 189 young seniors (aged 61-70 years; mean [SD] age = 66.3 [2.5] years) was used to create the s-CBM. Sixty-one young seniors (aged 61-70 years; mean [SD] age = 66.5 [2.6] years) were recruited to assess construct validity (Pearson correlation coefficient) by comparing the CBM versions with Fullerton Advance Balance Scale, Timed Up-and-Go, habitual and fast gait speed, 8 Level Balance Scale, 3-m tandem walk, and 30-second chair stand test. Internal consistency (Cronbach α), ceiling effects, and discriminant validity (area under the curve [AUC]) between fallers and nonfallers, and self-reported high and low function (Late-Life Function and Disability Index) and balance confidence (Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale), respectively, were calculated. RESULTS The s-CBM, consisting of 4 items, correlated excellently with the CBM (r = 0.97). Correlations between s-CBM and other assessments (r = 0.07-0.72), and CBM and other assessments (r = 0.06-0.80) were statistically comparable in 90% of the correlations. Cronbach α was .84 for the s-CBM, and .87 for the CBM. No CBM-version showed ceiling effects. Discriminative ability of the s-CBM was statistically comparable with the CBM (AUC = 0.66-0.75 vs AUC = 0.65-0.79). LIMITATIONS Longitudinal studies with larger samples should confirm the results and assess the responsiveness for detecting changes over time. CONCLUSIONS The psychometric properties of the s-CBM were similar to those of the CBM. The s-CBM can be recommended as a valid and quick balance and mobility assessment in young seniors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Gordt
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Str 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Kristin Taraldsen
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ronny Bergquist
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | - Jeanine M Van Ancum
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, the Netherlands
| | - Corinna Nerz
- Department of Clinical Gerontology, Robert Bosch Hospital
| | - Mirjam Pijnappels
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, and Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jorunn L Helbostad
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | - Beatrix Vereijken
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology
| | - Clemens Becker
- Department of Clinical Gerontology, Robert Bosch Hospital
| | - Michael Schwenk
- Network Aging Research, and Institute of Sports and Sports Sciences, Heidelberg University
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Effectiveness of a Disability Preventive Intervention for Minority and Immigrant Elders: The Positive Minds-Strong Bodies Randomized Clinical Trial. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2019; 27:1299-1313. [PMID: 31494015 PMCID: PMC6842701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the acceptability and effectiveness of a disability prevention intervention, Positive Minds-Strong Bodies (PMSB), offered by paraprofessionals to mostly immigrant elders in four languages. DESIGN Randomized trial of 307 participants, equally randomized into intervention or enhanced usual care. SETTING Community-based organizations in Massachusetts, New York, Florida, and Puerto Rico serving minority elders. Data collected at baseline, 2, 6, and 12 months, between May 2015 and March 2019. PARTICIPANTS English-, Spanish-, Mandarin-, or Cantonese-speaking adults, age 60+, not seeking disability prevention services, but eligible per elevated mood symptoms and minor to moderate physical dysfunction. INTERVENTIONS Ten individual sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy (PM) concurrently offered with 36 group sessions of strengthening exercise training (SB) over 6 months compared to enhanced usual care. MEASUREMENTS Acceptability defined as satisfaction and attendance to >50% of sessions. Effectiveness determined by changes in mood symptoms (HSCL-25 and GAD-7), functional performance (SPPB), self-reported disability (LLFDI), and disability days (WHODAS 2.0). RESULTS Around 77.6% of intervention participants attended over half of PM Sessions; 53.4% attended over half of SB sessions. Intent-to-treat analyses at 6 months showed significant intervention effects: improved functioning per SPPB and LLFDI, and lowered mood symptoms per HSCL-25. Intent-to-treat analyses at 12 months showed that effects remained significant for LLFDI and HSCL-25, and disability days (per WHODAS 2.0) significantly decreased 6-month after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS PMSB offered by paraprofessionals in community-based organizations demonstrates good acceptability and seems to improve functioning, with a compliance-benefit effect showing compliance as an important determinant of the intervention response.
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Ando S, Higuchi Y, Kitagawa T, Murakami T, Todo E, Ueda T. Instrumental activities of daily living and number of daily steps in frail older females. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:780-784. [PMID: 31645806 PMCID: PMC6801348 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Reportedly, males take fewer steps than females among frail older adults. The
step count of frail older adults may be influenced by domestic roles in the instrumental
activities of daily living. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between
instrumental activities of daily living and the number of steps in frail older females.
[Participants and Methods] In this cross-sectional study, we included 27 frail older
females aged 84.4 ± 6.5 years who attended a day-care center. We used the Fillenbaum’s
instrumental activities of daily living screener and measured the number of steps using an
accelerometer, functional independence measure, grip strength, and short physical
performance battery. We investigated the association between instrumental activities of
daily living and daily steps. Furthermore, we compared the outcomes of the differences in
the independence using a subscale of instrumental activities of daily living. [Results]
Instrumental activities of daily living and step counts showed a significant correlation.
Participants dependent on meal preparation and housework took significantly fewer steps
per day. The dependence of their activities also caused low functional independence
measure and weak grip strength. [Conclusion] In frail older females, decreased ability for
instrumental activities of daily living were associated with fewer steps. Domestic roles
may increase the daily steps in frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Ando
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Aino University, Japan
| | - Yumi Higuchi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kitagawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Murakami
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan
| | - Emiko Todo
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ueda
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University: 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-0855, Japan
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Howrey BT, Hand CL. Measuring Social Participation in the Health and Retirement Study. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2019; 59:e415-e423. [PMID: 30169644 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gny094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Large data sets have the potential to reveal useful information regarding social participation; however, most data sets measure social participation via individual items without a global assessment of social participation. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to assess whether 8 items from questionnaire pertaining to social participation (religious attendance, caring for an adult, activities with grandchildren, volunteering, charity work, education, social clubs, nonreligious organizations) formed a reliable, cohesive scale and to explore the predictive validity of this scale. We included respondents 65 years and older in the HRS who returned the psychosocial questionnaire in 2010 and 2012 with responses to the social participation items (n = 4,317 and n = 3,978). Three scales were explored: SoPart-30 using the original scoring; SoPart-10 using modified scoring; and SoPart-5 using dichotomous scoring. RESULTS Five items were retained as a single factor for each scale, and graded response models and Mokken scale analysis confirmed the scale items with the SoPart-10 scale having the highest reliability (alpha = 0.74). DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Results suggest that a scale derived from the social participation items in the HRS may be useful in characterizing general social participation levels and identifying modifiable factors that can promote it in older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret T Howrey
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Carri L Hand
- School of Occupational Therapy, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
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Lloyd MA, Tang CY, Callander EJ, Janus ED, Karahalios A, Skinner EH, Lowe S, Karunajeewa HA. Patient-reported outcome measurement in community-acquired pneumonia: feasibility of routine application in an elderly hospitalized population. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2019; 5:97. [PMID: 31372236 PMCID: PMC6661077 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-019-0481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, but few studies have evaluated the feasibility of routine patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in this illness. This study investigates the feasibility and limitations of three credible PROM instruments in a representative hospitalized cohort to identify potential barriers to routine application. Methods A sample of multimorbid hospitalized subjects meeting a standardized CAP definition was recruited. Demographic and clinical data of those able and unable to participate in PROM assessment were compared. The EQ-5D-5L, CAP-Sym 18 Questionnaire, and Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) were administered (via face-to-face interview) at admission and discharge and (via phone interview or mail) at 30 and 90 days post-discharge. Feasibility measures included the proportion of individuals able to participate in assessment, attrition rates, data completeness, and instrument completion times. Scores at admission and 30 days post-discharge were examined for association with age. Results Of 82 subjects screened, 44 (54%) participated. Cognitive impairment (n = 12, 15%) commonly precluded participation. Seventeen (39%) participants were lost to follow-up by 90 days. Missing data at item level was negligible for all instruments, regardless of the mode of completion. Completion of the three instruments collectively in a face-to-face interview took a median of 17 min (IQ range 13-21) per participant. The burden of reported symptoms at admission was higher for younger participants aged 18-74 years (mean (standard deviation)) CAP-Sym 18 score at admission 34.2 (18.6) vs. 19.0 (11.3) for those aged ≥ 75 years. Conclusions Routine application of PROMs can provide valuable information relating to multiple aspects of clinical recovery for individuals hospitalized with CAP. However, heterogeneous demographic characteristics and complex underlying health status introduce challenges to feasibility and interpretability of these instruments in this population. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02835040.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A Lloyd
- 1Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,2Melbourne Medical School - Western Precinct, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia
| | - Clarice Y Tang
- 1Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,3Department of Physiotherapy, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3000 Australia.,4Department of Physiotherapy, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales 2751 Australia
| | - Emily J Callander
- 5School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland 4215 Australia
| | - Edward D Janus
- 2Melbourne Medical School - Western Precinct, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,6General Internal Medicine Unit, Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia
| | - Amalia Karahalios
- 7Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Elizabeth H Skinner
- 1Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,8Department of Physiotherapy, Melbourne School of Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia.,9Department of Physiotherapy, School of Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria 3199 Australia
| | - Stephanie Lowe
- 1Department of Physiotherapy, Western Health, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia
| | - Harin A Karunajeewa
- 2Melbourne Medical School - Western Precinct, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,6General Internal Medicine Unit, Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Victoria 3021 Australia.,10The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, 3052 Victoria Australia
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Steere HK, Quach L, Grande L, Bean JF. Evaluating the Influence of Social Engagement on Cognitive Impairment and Mobility Outcomes Within the Boston RISE Cohort Study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 98:685-691. [PMID: 31318749 PMCID: PMC6649680 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated the associations between mild cognitive impairment (MCI), social engagement (SE), and mobility. DESIGN We evaluated data from a cohort study of older adult primary care patients (N = 430). Outcomes included self-reported function (Late-Life Function Instrument [LLFI]) and performance-based mobility (Short Physical Performance Battery score [SPPB]). Linear regression models evaluated the association between MCI and mobility, MCI and SE, mobility measures and SE, and whether SE mediated the association between MCI status and mobility. RESULTS Participants with MCI had significantly lower mobility and lower SE as compared with those without MCI (LLFI: 53.5 vs. 56.9, P < 0.001; SPPB: 7.9 vs. 9.3, P < 0.001; SE score: 44.9 vs. 49.0, P < 0.001). Mild cognitive impairment was significantly associated with both LLFI and SPPB (LLFI β = -2.93, P < 0.001; SPPB β = -1.26, P < 0.001) and SE (β = -3.20, P < 0.001). Social engagement was significantly associated with both LLFI and SPPB (LLFI β = 0.22; P < 0.001; SPPB β = 0.08; P < 0.001). There was a positive association between SE and mobility (P< 0.05). A mediator effect of SE was supported when evaluating the association between MCI and mobility. CONCLUSIONS Among older adult primary care patients at risk for mobility decline, higher levels of SE mitigate the association between MCI and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K Steere
- From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts (HKS, JFB); Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts (HKS, JFB); Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center, Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Boston, Massachusetts (LQ, JFB); Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts (LG); and Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts (LG)
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Influence of Peer-led Wheelchair Training on Wheelchair Skills and Participation in Older Adults: Clinical Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100:1023-1031. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rycroft SS, Quach LT, Ward RE, Pedersen MM, Grande L, Bean JF. The Relationship Between Cognitive Impairment and Upper Extremity Function in Older Primary Care Patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:568-574. [PMID: 30358815 PMCID: PMC6417442 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), often a precursor to dementia, experience limitations in completing daily activities. These limitations are particularly important to understand, as they predict risk for dementia. Relations between functional changes and both cognitive decline and upper extremity motor impairments have been reported, but the contribution of motor function to relations between cognitive function and functional independence remains poorly understood. We examined the relationship between cognition and upper extremity activities, and whether this relation was mediated by motor function. METHODS A total of 430 community-dwelling primary care patients aged at least 65 years from the Boston Rehabilitative Impairment Study of the Elderly completed self-report measures of upper extremity function, tests of neuromuscular attributes to measure motor function (reaction time, pronosupination of the hands), and neuropsychological measures. Participants were classified based on cognitive performance into groups: MCI and without MCI, with MCI further classified by cognitive subtype. Regression and mediation analyses examined group differences and relations between cognitive function, upper extremity function, and neuromuscular attributes. RESULTS MCI participants demonstrated poorer neuromuscular attributes and self-reported upper extremity function, and neuromuscular attributes significantly mediated positive relations between cognitive status and self-reported upper extremity function. Poorer self-reported upper extremity function was most prominent for groups with executive dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Together with previous research, results suggest that the relationship between cognitive function, motor function, and functional activities is not confined to mobility tasks but universally related to body systems and functional activities. These findings inform new approaches for dementia risk screening and rehabilitative care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lien T Quach
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Rachel E Ward
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mette M Pedersen
- Clinical Research Centre and Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Research, Copenhagen, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Laura Grande
- Psychology Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts
| | - Jonathan F Bean
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Zander V, Johansson-Pajala RM, Gustafsson C. Methods to evaluate perspectives of safety, independence, activity, and participation in older persons using welfare technology. A systematic review. Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol 2019; 15:373-393. [PMID: 30786779 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2019.1574919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of existing methods to evaluate the individual aspects of welfare technology from the perspectives of independence, safety, activity, and participation. Furthermore, the study aimed to describe outcomes that have been the focus of previous research to evaluate individual aspects of welfare technology in older persons living in ordinary housing. Materials and methods: A systematic literature review in PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies selected were those that explored the use of assistive and welfare technology devices from older persons' perspectives, and which considered the concepts of independence, safety, activity and participation, and quality of life. Results: A broad spectrum of instruments was applied in the studies. For independence, three questionnaires were used in the identified studies. For safety, one instrument was used in two versions. To study activity and participation as well as quality of life, several scales were used. Additionally, several studies included qualitative approaches for evaluation, such as interviews, or posed one or more questions regarding the effects of welfare technology. Conclusions: The integration of digital assistive and welfare technology should be based on the needs of older persons, and those needs must be assessed using reliable and relevant instruments. The heterogeneity of the target group, i.e., older persons, together with the fact that assessments must give consideration to identifying goals, obstacles, and risks as well as users' preferences, implies a person-centred approach.Implications for rehabilitationThe integration of digital assistive and welfare technology should be based on older persons' needs, and those needs must be assessed using reliable and relevant instruments.The heterogeneity of the target group, i.e. older persons, together with the fact that assessments must give consideration to identifying goals, obstacles and risks as well as users' preferences, implies a person-centred approach.The ideal would be one coherent model that explores the use of digital assistive and welfare technology from the individual, economic as well as organisational dimensions. This would cover the different needs and expectations of various stakeholders, including economic and organisational, but also the needs of the older person.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Zander
- School of Health, Care, and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - R-M Johansson-Pajala
- School of Health, Care, and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - C Gustafsson
- School of Health, Care, and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden
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Body Composition Is Associated With Physical Performance in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:109-114. [DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0000000000000967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Chrisinger BW, King AC, Hua J, Saelens BE, Frank LD, Conway TL, Cain KL, Sallis JF. How Well Do Seniors Estimate Distance to Food? The Accuracy of Older Adults' Reported Proximity to Local Grocery Stores. Geriatrics (Basel) 2019; 4:geriatrics4010011. [PMID: 31023979 PMCID: PMC6473472 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics4010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Findings from observational studies of relations between neighborhood environments and health outcomes underscore the importance of both objective and perceived experiences of those environments. A clearer understanding of the factors associated with discrepancies between these two assessment approaches is needed to tailor public health interventions to specific populations. This study examined how individual and neighborhood characteristics affect perceptions of supermarket distance, particularly when perceptions do not match objective measures. (2) Methods: Participants were older adults (n = 880) participating in the Senior Neighborhood Quality of Life Study in the Seattle/King County, WA or Baltimore/Washington, DC regions. Two main analyses were conducted. The primary outcome for Analysis I was participants’ geographic information systems (GIS)-based objective network distance to the closest supermarket. Generalized linear mixed models with block group-level random effects were used to assess associations between objective supermarket distance and individual/neighborhood characteristics. The primary outcome for Analysis II was a categorical “accuracy” variable, based on participants’ perceived distance to the nearest supermarket/grocery store relative to the objective distance, assuming a walking speed of 1.0 m/s. Multivariate log-linear models fit neural networks were used to assess influential covariates. (3) Results: Several significant associations with objective distance to the nearest supermarket were observed, including a negative relationship with body mass index (BMI) (95% CI = −45.56, −0.23), having walked to the supermarket in the last 30 days (−174.86, −59.42), living in a high-walkability neighborhood, and residing in Seattle/King County (−707.69, −353.22). In terms of participants’ distance accuracy, 29% were classified as accurate, 33.9% were “Underestimators”, 24.0% “Overestimators”, and 13.2% responded “Don’t Know”. Compared to Accurate participants, Overestimators were significantly less likely to have walked to the supermarket in the last 30 days, and lived objectively closer to a supermarket; Underestimators perceived significantly higher pedestrian safety and lived objectively further from a supermarket; and Don’t Know were more likely to be women, older, not living independently, and not having recently walked to the supermarket. (4) Conclusions: Both modifiable and nonmodifiable factors influence the accuracy of older adults’ perceptions of their proximity to the nearest supermarket. Recent experience in walking to the closest supermarket, along with personal safety, represent potentially modifiable perceived environmental factors that were related to older adults’ accuracy of perceptions of their neighborhood food environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin W Chrisinger
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Road, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Abby C King
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Road, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
- Department of Health Research & Policy (Epidemiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Jenna Hua
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1070 Arastradero Road, Suite 300, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Brian E Saelens
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute and University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98121, USA.
| | - Lawrence D Frank
- School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Terry L Conway
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Kelli L Cain
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - James F Sallis
- Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Grosicki GJ, Englund DA, Price L, Iwai M, Kashiwa M, Reid KF, Fielding RA. Lower-Extremity Torque Capacity and Physical Function in Mobility-Limited Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:703-709. [PMID: 31560027 PMCID: PMC7386562 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Skeletal muscle weakness and an increase in fatigability independently contribute to age-related functional decline. The objective of this study was to examine the combined contribution of these deficiencies (i.e., torque capacity) to physical function, and then to assess the functional implications of progressive resistance training (PRT) mediated-torque capacity improvements in mobility-limited older adults. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Exercise laboratory on the Health Sciences campus of an urban university. PARTICIPANTS Seventy mobility-limited (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) ≤9) older adults (~79 yrs). INTERVENTION Progressive resistance training or home-based flexibility 3 days/week for 12 weeks. MEASUREMENTS Torque capacity was defined as the sum of peak torques from an isokinetic knee extension fatigue test. Relationships between torque capacity and performance-based and patient-reported functional measures before and after PRT were examined using partial correlations adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. RESULTS Torque capacity explained (P<0.05) 10 and 28% of the variance in six-minute walk distance and stair climb time, respectively. PRT-mediated torque capacity improvements were paralleled by increases (P<0.05) in self-reported activity participation (+20%) and advanced lower extremity function (+7%), and associated (P<0.05) with a reduction in activity limitations (r=0.44) and an improved SPPB score (r=0.32). CONCLUSION Skeletal muscle torque capacity, a composite of strength and fatigue, may be a proximal determinant of physical function in mobility-limited older individuals. To more closely replicate the musculoskeletal demands of real-life tasks, future studies are encouraged to consider the combined interaction of distinct skeletal muscle faculties to overall functional ability in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Grosicki
- Gregory J. Grosicki, Ph.D., Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, GA, 31419. Phone: (912) 344-3317. Fax: (912) 344-3490.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Morley
- John E. Morley, MB, BCh, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 S. Grand Blvd., M238, St. Louis, MO 63104,
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Abstract
The prevalence of obesity in combination with sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength or physical function) is increasing in adults aged 65 years and older. A major subset of adults over the age of 65 is now classified as having sarcopenic obesity, a high-risk geriatric syndrome predominantly observed in an ageing population that is at risk of synergistic complications from both sarcopenia and obesity. This Review discusses pathways and mechanisms leading to muscle impairment in older adults with obesity. We explore sex-specific hormonal changes, inflammatory pathways and myocellular mechanisms leading to the development of sarcopenic obesity. We discuss the evolution, controversies and challenges in defining sarcopenic obesity and present current body composition modalities used to assess this condition. Epidemiological surveys form the basis of defining its prevalence and consequences beyond comorbidity and mortality. Current treatment strategies, and the evidence supporting them, are outlined, with a focus on calorie restriction, protein supplementation and aerobic and resistance exercises. We also describe weight loss-induced complications in patients with sarcopenic obesity that are relevant to clinical management. Finally, we review novel and potential future therapies including testosterone, selective androgen receptor modulators, myostatin inhibitors, ghrelin analogues, vitamin K and mesenchymal stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Batsis
- Sections of General Internal Medicine and Weight and Wellness, and the Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, The Dartmouth Institute for Health Policy and Clinical Practice, The Health Promotion Research Center and the Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Dennis T Villareal
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Lourenço MDA, Carli FVBO, de Assis MR. Characterization of falls in adults with established rheumatoid arthritis and associated factors. Adv Rheumatol 2018; 58:16. [DOI: 10.1186/s42358-018-0021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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LaRoche DP, Melanson EL, Baumgartner MP, Bozzuto BM, Libby VM, Marshall BN. Physiological determinants of walking effort in older adults: should they be targets for physical activity intervention? GeroScience 2018; 40:305-315. [PMID: 29961239 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-018-0032-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Older adults do not get enough physical activity increasing risk for chronic disease and loss of physical function. The purpose of this study was to determine whether neuromuscular, metabolic, and cardiorespiratory indicators of walking effort explain daily activity in community-dwelling older adults. Sixteen women and fourteen men, 78 ± 8 years, performed a steady-state walk on a treadmill at 1.25 m s-1 while muscle activation, heart rate, lactate, respiratory exchange ratio, oxygen consumption (VO2), ventilation, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded as markers of Walking Effort. Daily walking time, sitting/lying time, energy expenditure, and up-down transitions were recorded by accelerometers as markers of Daily Activity. Structural equation modeling was used to explore the relationship between the latent variables Walking Effort and Daily Activity controlling for age and BMI. Participants spent 9.4 ± 1.9 h of the waking day sedentary and 1.9 ± 0.6 h walking. In the structural equation model, the latent variable Walking Effort explained 64% of the variance in the Daily Activity latent variable (β = 0.80, p = 0.004). Walking Effort was identified by heart rate (β = 0.64), ventilation (β = 0.88), vastus lateralis activation (β = 0.49), and lactate (β = 0.58), all p < 0.05, but not RPE or VO2. Daily Activity was identified by stepping time (β = 0.75) and up-down transitions (β = 0.52), all p < 0.05. Walking effort mediated the effects of age and BMI on older adults' daily activity making physiological determinants of walking effort potential points of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dain P LaRoche
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
| | - Edward L Melanson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes/Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, CO, USA.,Eastern Colorado VA Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Morgan P Baumgartner
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Breanna M Bozzuto
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Victoria M Libby
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Brittany N Marshall
- Department of Kinesiology, University of New Hampshire, 124 Main Street, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
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Kerr J, Rosenberg D, Millstein RA, Bolling K, Crist K, Takemoto M, Godbole S, Moran K, Natarajan L, Castro-Sweet C, Buchner D. Cluster randomized controlled trial of a multilevel physical activity intervention for older adults. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:32. [PMID: 29609594 PMCID: PMC5879834 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0658-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults are the least active population group. Interventions in residential settings may support a multi-level approach to behavior change. METHODS In a cluster randomized control trial, 11 San Diego retirement communities were assigned to a physical activity (PA) intervention or a healthy aging attention control condition. Participants were 307 adults over 65 years old. The multilevel PA intervention was delivered with the assistance of peer leaders, who were trained older adult from the retirement communities. Intervention components included individual counseling & self-monitoring with pedometers, group education sessions, group walks, community advocacy and pedestrian community change projects. Intervention condition by time interactions were tested using generalized mixed effects regressions. The primary outcomes was accelerometer measured physical activity. Secondary outcomes were blood pressure and objectively measured physical functioning. RESULTS Over 70% of the sample were 80 years or older. PA significantly increased in the intervention condition (56 min of moderate-vigorous PA per week; 119 min of light PA) compared with the control condition and remained significantly higher across the 12 month study. Men and participants under 84 years old benefited most from the intervention. There was a significant decrease in systolic (p < .007) and diastolic (p < .02) blood pressure at 6 months. Physical functioning improved but the changes were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Intervention fidelity was high demonstrating feasibility. Changes in PA and blood pressure achieved were comparable to other studies with much younger participants. Men, in particular, avoided a year-long decline in PA. TRIAL REGISTRATION clincialtrials.gov Identifier: NCT01155011 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Kerr
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Dori Rosenberg
- Group Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101 USA
| | | | - Khalisa Bolling
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Katie Crist
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Michelle Takemoto
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Suneeta Godbole
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Kevin Moran
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 N. Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Department of Family Medicine & Public Health, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | | | - David Buchner
- University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 906 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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Tisher K, Mann K, VanDyke S, Johansson C, Vallabhajosula S. Functional measures show improvements after a home exercise program following supervised balance training in older adults with elevated fall risk. Physiother Theory Pract 2018; 35:305-317. [DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2018.1444116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen Tisher
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, School of Health Sciences, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Kimberly Mann
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, School of Health Sciences, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Sarah VanDyke
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, School of Health Sciences, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Charity Johansson
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, School of Health Sciences, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
| | - Srikant Vallabhajosula
- Department of Physical Therapy Education, School of Health Sciences, Elon University, Elon, NC, USA
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Sleight C, Holtzer R. Differential associations of functional and cognitive health outcomes with pre-frailty and frailty states in community-dwelling older adults. J Health Psychol 2018; 25:1057-1063. [PMID: 29385836 DOI: 10.1177/1359105317745964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined associations of pre-frailty and frailty states with cognitive and functional health outcomes among community-residing older adults (N = 457) in the Bronx, New York. Results: older adults who met criteria for frailty demonstrated poorer performance in attention, verbal memory, and overall global cognitive functioning compared to healthy controls. Moreover, pre-frail and frail older adults had significantly worse health outcomes including greater perceived difficulty with lower and upper extremity functioning and perceived limitations in completing daily activities, suggesting the need for targeted interventions in the community that may ameliorate age-related health decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Yeshiva University, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, USA
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MacPhedran AK, Barker DB, Marbey ML, Fogarty K, Vangsnes E. Is Preoperative Functional Status Associated with Postoperative Mortality and Morbidity in Elective Open Heart Patients? Health (London) 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2018.105051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Rye Hanton C, Kwon YJ, Aung T, Whittington J, High RR, Goulding EH, Schenk AK, Bonasera SJ. Mobile Phone-Based Measures of Activity, Step Count, and Gait Speed: Results From a Study of Older Ambulatory Adults in a Naturalistic Setting. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2017; 5:e104. [PMID: 28974482 PMCID: PMC5645644 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.5090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular mobile telephone technology shows much promise for delivering and evaluating healthcare interventions in cost-effective manners with minimal barriers to access. There is little data demonstrating that these devices can accurately measure clinically important aspects of individual functional status in naturalistic environments outside of the laboratory. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to demonstrate that data derived from ubiquitous mobile phone technology, using algorithms developed and previously validated by our lab in a controlled setting, can be employed to continuously and noninvasively measure aspects of participant (subject) health status including step counts, gait speed, and activity level, in a naturalistic community setting. A second objective was to compare our mobile phone-based data against current standard survey-based gait instruments and clinical physical performance measures in order to determine whether they measured similar or independent constructs. METHODS A total of 43 ambulatory, independently dwelling older adults were recruited from Nebraska Medicine, including 25 (58%, 25/43) healthy control individuals from our Engage Wellness Center and 18 (42%, 18/43) functionally impaired, cognitively intact individuals (who met at least 3 of 5 criteria for frailty) from our ambulatory Geriatrics Clinic. The following previously-validated surveys were obtained on study day 1: (1) Late Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI); (2) Survey of Activities and Fear of Falling in the Elderly (SAFFE); (3) Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), short form version 1.0 Physical Function 10a (PROMIS-PF); and (4) PROMIS Global Health, short form version 1.1 (PROMIS-GH). In addition, clinical physical performance measurements of frailty (10 foot Get up and Go, 4 Meter walk, and Figure-of-8 Walk [F8W]) were also obtained. These metrics were compared to our mobile phone-based metrics collected from the participants in the community over a 24-hour period occurring within 1 week of the initial assessment. RESULTS We identified statistically significant differences between functionally intact and frail participants in mobile phone-derived measures of percent activity (P=.002, t test), active versus inactive status (P=.02, t test), average step counts (P<.001, repeated measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]) and gait speed (P<.001, t test). In functionally intact individuals, the above mobile phone metrics assessed aspects of functional status independent (Bland-Altman and correlation analysis) of both survey- and/or performance battery-based functional measures. In contrast, in frail individuals, the above mobile phone metrics correlated with submeasures of both SAFFE and PROMIS-GH. CONCLUSIONS Continuous mobile phone-based measures of participant community activity and mobility strongly differentiate between persons with intact functional status and persons with a frailty phenotype. These measures assess dimensions of functional status independent of those measured using current validated questionnaires and physical performance assessments to identify functional compromise. Mobile phone-based gait measures may provide a more readily accessible and less-time consuming measure of gait, while further providing clinicians with longitudinal gait measures that are currently difficult to obtain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassia Rye Hanton
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Yong-Jun Kwon
- Department of Physics, Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA, United States
| | - Thawda Aung
- Department of Physics, Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA, United States
| | - Jackie Whittington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Robin R High
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Evan H Goulding
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - A Katrin Schenk
- Department of Physics, Randolph College, Lynchburg, VA, United States
| | - Stephen J Bonasera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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