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Zhang Y, Folarin AA, Dineley J, Conde P, de Angel V, Sun S, Ranjan Y, Rashid Z, Stewart C, Laiou P, Sankesara H, Qian L, Matcham F, White K, Oetzmann C, Lamers F, Siddi S, Simblett S, Schuller BW, Vairavan S, Wykes T, Haro JM, Penninx BWJH, Narayan VA, Hotopf M, Dobson RJB, Cummins N. Identifying depression-related topics in smartphone-collected free-response speech recordings using an automatic speech recognition system and a deep learning topic model. J Affect Disord 2024; 355:40-49. [PMID: 38552911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has associated spoken language use with depression, yet studies often involve small or non-clinical samples and face challenges in the manual transcription of speech. This paper aimed to automatically identify depression-related topics in speech recordings collected from clinical samples. METHODS The data included 3919 English free-response speech recordings collected via smartphones from 265 participants with a depression history. We transcribed speech recordings via automatic speech recognition (Whisper tool, OpenAI) and identified principal topics from transcriptions using a deep learning topic model (BERTopic). To identify depression risk topics and understand the context, we compared participants' depression severity and behavioral (extracted from wearable devices) and linguistic (extracted from transcribed texts) characteristics across identified topics. RESULTS From the 29 topics identified, we identified 6 risk topics for depression: 'No Expectations', 'Sleep', 'Mental Therapy', 'Haircut', 'Studying', and 'Coursework'. Participants mentioning depression risk topics exhibited higher sleep variability, later sleep onset, and fewer daily steps and used fewer words, more negative language, and fewer leisure-related words in their speech recordings. LIMITATIONS Our findings were derived from a depressed cohort with a specific speech task, potentially limiting the generalizability to non-clinical populations or other speech tasks. Additionally, some topics had small sample sizes, necessitating further validation in larger datasets. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that specific speech topics can indicate depression severity. The employed data-driven workflow provides a practical approach for analyzing large-scale speech data collected from real-world settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhou Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Amos A Folarin
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; University College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
| | - Judith Dineley
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Pauline Conde
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Valeria de Angel
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shaoxiong Sun
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Yatharth Ranjan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zulqarnain Rashid
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Callum Stewart
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Petroula Laiou
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Heet Sankesara
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Linglong Qian
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Faith Matcham
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, East Sussex, UK
| | - Katie White
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Carolin Oetzmann
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Femke Lamers
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sara Siddi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Simblett
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Björn W Schuller
- University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany; GLAM - Group on Language, Audio, & Music, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Til Wykes
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit and GGZ InGeest, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Matthew Hotopf
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Richard J B Dobson
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; University College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Health Data Research UK London, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nicholas Cummins
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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Højgaard Nejst C, Glintborg C. Hope as experienced by people with acquired brain injury in a rehabilitation-or recovery process: a qualitative systematic review and thematic synthesis. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2024; 5:1376895. [PMID: 38807900 PMCID: PMC11131419 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2024.1376895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Background There has been an increasing interest in the concept of hope within the field of brain injury rehabilitation. Existing reviews have nevertheless focused on stroke, leaving out the broad population of people with acquired brain injury (ABI). Furthermore a majority of the included studies in those reviews excluded the subgroup of people with communication difficulties, thus primarily giving voice to a select group of people with ABI. Methods A qualitative systematic review was conducted with the purpose of systematically reviewing and thematically synthesise findings about hope as experienced by adults with ABI in a rehabilitation or recovery process. The search strategy included peer-reviewed qualitative studies published after 2000 in English or Scandinavian languages. Searches of EBSCO databases incorporating CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were conducted together with SocINDEX, Social Work Abstracts, Eric and Web of Science. Ten qualitative studies were included, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) was used for assessing the quality and relevance of the ten studies. Qualitative findings were synthesized using Thomas and Harden's methodology. Results Through a thematic synthesis eleven subthemes were identified relating to experiences of hope. These were grouped into four analytical themes: (1) hope a two folded phenomenon; (2) time and temporality; (3) progress, goals and visibility and (4) the alliance; a balancing act requiring good communication skills. Conclusion This review has shown that even though hope has both a positive and negative side to it, it is necessary as a driving force for people with ABI in terms of supporting them to keep going and not give up. Rehabilitation professionals are advised to embrace the ambiguity of hope, customizing the support of hope to each person with ABI. Attention is needed on how to make progress visible for persons with ABI during their rehabilitation process just as rehabilitation professionals should acknowledge the alliance with the person with ABI as a core component of rehabilitation. This requires a focus on professionals' communication skills if hope promoting relationships between professionals and persons with ABI are to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Højgaard Nejst
- Neurorehabilitation Copenhagen, Municipality of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Chalotte Glintborg
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
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Brown P, Scrivener A, Calnan M. The co-construction and emotion management of hope within psychosis services. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2024; 8:1270539. [PMID: 38260114 PMCID: PMC10802842 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.1270539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Introduction There is a growing acknowledgement of the salience of hope for mental health service-users, in influencing care outcomes and recovery. Understandings of the processes through which hopes are co-constructed, alongside specific conceptualisations of experiences of hoping, remain limited however. Methods This qualitative study explored how a range of stakeholders experienced and dealt with uncertainty within three purposively selected psychosis services in southern England. In this article we focus particularly on the co-construction of hope within participants' narratives and how this emotion work shaped experiences of hoping. In-depth interviews (n = 23) with service-users, professionals, managers and other stakeholders were analysed following a phenomenological approach. Findings Hope was spontaneously identified by participants as a fundamental mechanism through which service-users and professionals managed uncertainty when vulnerable. Professionals were influential in shaping users' hopes, both intentionally and unwittingly, while some professionals also referred to managing their own hopes and those of colleagues. Such management of expectations and emotions enabled motivation and coping amidst uncertainty, for users and professionals, but also entailed difficulties where hope was undermined, exaggerated, or involved tensions between desires and expectations. Discussion Whereas, hope is usually reflected in the caring studies literature as distinctly positive, our findings point to a more ambivalent understanding of hope, as reflected in the accounts of both service-users and professionals where elevated hopes were described as unrealistic and harmful, to the well-being of professionals as well as of service-users. It is concluded that a greater awareness within care contexts of how hopes are co-constructed by professionals and service-users, explicitly and implicitly, can assist in improving health care and healthcare outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Brown
- Department of Sociology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Michael Calnan
- School of Sociology, Social Policy and Social Research, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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Grayless B, Combs J, Hausladen J, Hedrick M. The Effect of Perceived Tinnitus Disturbance on Hope. Am J Audiol 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37939353 DOI: 10.1044/2023_aja-23-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although there are systematic reviews of the effects of tinnitus on quality of life, the relationship of tinnitus to hopefulness has not been examined. PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between tinnitus distress and hope by comparing the severity of tinnitus to measures of hopefulness. This was done by comparing the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ) to the following hope scales: the Herth Hope Scale (HHS) and the Herth Hope Index (HHI). METHOD Patients seen for a tinnitus evaluation in the University of Tennessee audiology clinic completed the TRQ, HHS, and HHI scales. Investigation of relationships between tinnitus assessment using the TRQ and measurements of hope (HHS and HHI) was performed via correlation analyses using Pearson coefficients and linear regression. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between overall scores on the TRQ and HHS, and TRQ and HHI, indicating that greater tinnitus distress was associated with lower levels of hope. Further analyses showed the HHS and HHI Domain 1, regarding temporality and future, as significantly related to tinnitus distress. CONCLUSION Significant correlations between tinnitus disturbance and hope suggest that potential interventions based on hopefulness may be of benefit for individuals suffering from tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesse Combs
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville
| | | | - Mark Hedrick
- The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville
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Raffin Bouchal DS, Ferguson AL, Green T, McAusland L, Kiss Z, Ramasubbu R. Personal recovery associated with deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: A constructivist grounded theory study. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2023; 30:1005-1018. [PMID: 37002931 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Major depressive disorder is the most prevalent of all mental illnesses. 10%-20% of patients with depression and 1% of the population overall have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). DBS is an emerging investigational treatment for TRD with documented clinical efficacy and safety. The framework of the recovery model includes both clinical and personal recovery. Personal recovery is a self-process in which hope, empowerment and optimism are embraced to overcome the impact of mental illness on one's sense of self. Although clinical and functional outcomes of DBS for TRD have been well documented in the previous studies, personal recovery as an outcome has been explored only in a handful of studies. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This is the first qualitative study exploring personal recovery from DBS treatment specific to the target of subcallosal cingulate cortex in patients with TRD. Since the existing literature on personal recovery in DBS studies is limited, the contribution of this paper is crucial to this field. For individuals who responded to deep brain stimulation clinically, neither participants nor family believed it cured their depression, but rather there was a significant decrease in the severity of symptoms of depression. A holistic-oriented framework (that includes personal recovery) is significant for those individuals with TRD undergoing DBS. Personal and clinical recovery are two different constructs, and individuals may experience one or the other or both. The experience of participants who responded to deep brain stimulation recognized that the recovery from depression is a process of reconstructing self. This process involved a period of adjustment that evoked a deeper self-awareness, re-engagement with daily living and newfound gratitude in living. Individuals transitioned from an emotionally driven life to one where future goals were considered. Supportive relationships were instrumental in this process. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: A deep brain stimulation intervention for treatment-resistant depression offered individuals an opportunity for personal recovery where a reconstruction of self occurred. Personal recovery can be considered as an outcome in conjunction with clinical and functional outcomes in future DBS trials for TRD. The relevance of personal recovery in the prevention of relapses needs further investigation. To advocate for care and services that facilitate the process of recovery from depression, it is important to understand the personal dimensions and experience of recovery that may influence the process. To develop recovery-oriented interventions to help patients and families in recovery post-deep brain stimulation, further understanding of support and negotiating relationships during this life-altering experience is needed. ABSTRACT: Introduction Multiple trials of antidepressant treatments in patients with depression pose a major challenge to the mental health system. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging and promising investigational treatment to reduce depressive symptoms in individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The clinical and functional outcomes of DBS for TRD have been well documented in previous studies; however, studies of personal recovery as an outcome of DBS specific to the target of subcallosal cingulate cortex in patients with TRD are limited. Aim To explore the processes of personal recovery in patients with treatment-resistant depression following subcallosal cingulate-deep brain stimulation. Method Participants were 18 patients with TRD who participated in the subcallosal cingulate (SCC)-DBS trial and 11 family members. They also participated in add-on individual cognitive behavioural therapy during the trial. A qualitative constructivist grounded theory approach was used to conceptualize the personal recovery process of patients and families. Results While every participant and their families' journey were unique following the deep brain stimulation intervention, a theoretical model of Balancing to Establish a Reconstructed Self emerged from the data. The themes underlying the model were (1) Balancing to Establish a Reconstructed Self: A Whole-Body Experience, (2) The Liminal Space in-between: Balancing with Cautious Optimism, (3) Hope: Transitioning from Emotion-Focussed Living to Goal-Oriented Planning and (4) Support: Negotiating Relationships. Discussion This is the first study examining recovery from patients' perspectives as an outcome of SCC-DBS intervention for TRD. The study shows that personal recovery is a gradual and continual process of reconstruction of the self, developing through supportive relationships. Clinical and personal recovery are two distinct constructs, and individuals may experience one or the other or both. Most patients who do respond clinically experience improvement in terms of having optimism and hope. Some patients, however, respond with significant symptom reduction but are not able to achieve personal recovery to experience joy or hope for improved quality of living. Implications for Practice Strategies for personal recovery for both patients and family need to be considered during and post deep brain stimulation intervention. Nurses working with these patients and families may benefit from education, training and support to assess and engage in conversations about their recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna S Raffin Bouchal
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Angela L Ferguson
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 1N4, Alberta, Canada
| | - Theresa Green
- Faculty of Health & Behavioural Sciences, School of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laina McAusland
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, TRW 4D64, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4Z6, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zelma Kiss
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, TRW 4D64, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4Z6, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rajamannar Ramasubbu
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, TRW 4D64, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4Z6, Alberta, Canada
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Dasgupta J, Furlano JA, Bandler Z, Fittipaldi S, Canty AJ, Yasoda-Mohan A, El-Jaafary SI, Ucheagwu V, McGettrick G, de la Cruz-Góngora V, Nguyen KH, Lawlor B, Nogueira Haas A. Hope for brain health: impacting the life course and society. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1214014. [PMID: 37457094 PMCID: PMC10348811 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hope is a cognitive process by which an individual can identify their personal goals and develop actionable steps to achieve results. It has the potential to positively impact people's lives by building resilience, and can be meaningfully experienced at both the individual and group level. Despite this significance, there are sizable gaps in our understanding of the neurobiology of hope. In this perspective paper, the authors discuss why further research is needed on hope and its potency to be harnessed in society as a "tool" to promote brain health across healthy and patient populations. Avenues for future research in hope and the brain are proposed. The authors conclude by identifying strategies for the possible applications of hope in brain health promotion within the areas of technology, arts, media, and education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Dasgupta
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Samvedna Care, Gurugram, India
| | - Joyla A. Furlano
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Zach Bandler
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sol Fittipaldi
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat), Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alison J. Canty
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Center, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Neurology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Valentine Ucheagwu
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Psychology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Vanessa de la Cruz-Góngora
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Evaluation and Survey Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Kim-Huong Nguyen
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Center for Health Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aline Nogueira Haas
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Murphy J, Mulcahy H, Mahony JO, Bradley S. Exploring individuals' experiences of hope in mental health recovery: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2023; 30:101-109. [PMID: 35403323 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The delivery of mental health recovery orientated acre is a requirement of mental health professionals and an acknowledged desired outcome for individuals presenting with mental health issues. Hope has been recognized as one of 5 key processes of mental health recovery, and critically as the key catalyst of recovery. Mental health nurses are required to be competent in cultivating service user hope. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Novel exploration of how people described and made sense of the lived experience of hope in mental health recovery. Participants described hope as intrinsic to life in the context of its ability to cultivate desire and provide energy for life and living. Participants with experience of attempts to end life had a very clear concept of hope as missing at these times. Participants described the concept of hope as present but hidden to explain their survival through tortuous circumstances. The themes generated contribute to a greater understanding of the dynamic role and process of hope in mental health recovery. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR MENTAL HEALTH NURSING PRACTICE?: Mental health practitioners need to be competent in understanding and cultivating hope as part of a person-centred approach, embedded in a therapeutic relationship. All stakeholders including service users, mental health nurses and educators need a more accessible reified dialogue of "hope" that harnesses its therapeutic potential. ABSTRACT: Introduction Mental health services have embraced the philosophy and practice of recovery. Research has confirmed hope as a micro-process of recovery. The lived experience of hope has received scant attention. This is required to improve understanding and optimize its therapeutic potential. Aim To explore how individuals describe and make sense of their experience of hope in mental health recovery. Method A qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) approach was used. The sample was accessed via email networks. Data were generated through semi-structured interviews and analysed using an IPA framework. Results Three superordinate themes emerged: "Without it we would wither up and die"-Hope as intrinsic to life; "I will be ok"-Having a sense of possibility and "Making it happen"-Moving forward. Individuals referenced hope by its absence when attempts were made to end life, and as present but hidden in tortuous circumstances. Discussion Individuals were more familiar with the concept of hopelessness, had a ready-to-hand vocabulary of "having no hope" and used this by default to inform what hope meant. Implications for Practice It is important that all stakeholders appreciate the context specific interpretation of hope and cultivate dialogue and understanding to harness its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Murphy
- University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Munster Technological University, Kerry Campus, Traleeee, Co. Kerry, Ireland
| | - Helen Mulcahy
- College Lecturer School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - James O' Mahony
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Stephen Bradley
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Faculty of Lifelong Learning, IT Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
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Allman M, Penner F, Hernandez Ortiz J, Marais L, Rani K, Lenka M, Cloete J, Sharp C. Hope and mental health problems among orphans and vulnerable children in South Africa. AIDS Care 2023; 35:198-204. [PMID: 35968720 PMCID: PMC10176905 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2022.2104795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTThere are over three million orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC) currently living in South Africa. OVC are at high risk for a number of negative outcomes, including poor mental health. Hope has been associated with well-being among youth, including youth in South Africa. However, the relationships between hope and mental health in high-adversity populations such as OVC has not been adequately described. The present study sought to address this research gap by evaluating the relationship between hope and mental health, controlling for gender, age, and orphan status, among OVC. This study includes 8- to 12-year-old OVC (N = 61) in Manguang, Free State, South Africa. Hope was assessed using the Children's Hope Scale (CHS) and mental health outcomes were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Hope was significantly, inversely associated with mental health outcomes after controlling for other variables in linear regression analysis. In contrast to previous research, this study found that increased hope scores were associated with adverse mental health outcomes among OVC in South Africa. Hope may be contextualized differently in this population due to resource scarcity and high rates of adversity including HIV-AIDS related stigma and poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Allman
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Francesca Penner
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Lochner Marais
- Centre for Developmental Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Kholisa Rani
- Centre for Developmental Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Molefi Lenka
- Centre for Developmental Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Jan Cloete
- Centre for Developmental Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Centre for Developmental Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Baczewska B, Wojciechowska K, Antoszewska B, Malm M, Leśniewski K. The Cognitive Aspect of Hope in the Semantic Space of Male Patients Dying of Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1094. [PMID: 36673850 PMCID: PMC9858655 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to characterize the cognitive aspect of the semantic space of hope in patients in the terminal stage of cancer. This was confirmed in the research on hope by C. R. Snyder and B. Schrank. Hope is of great importance in all the great world religions and belief systems, both as regards a personal God or impersonal deities. Hoping is a human capacity with varying affective, cognitive and behavioral dimensions. Psychological, pedagogical (particularly in the framework of special needs pedagogy and thanatological pedagogy) and theological reflection on hope can provide support for dying people. In order to conduct the research, the semantic differential research method was selected. The research technique employed was a therapeutic conversation, and the research tool was the B.L. Block's DSN-3 test. The DSN-3 test allows one to assess hope in the semantic space in three aspects: cognitive, emotional and functional. For the purposes of this study, only the cognitive aspect was taken into account. The study was begun on 1 April 2010 and ended in the last days of December 2020. It included 110 male patients in the terminal stage of cancer. The youngest respondent was 19 years old and the oldest was 94 years old. The surveyed men most often perceived hope in the semantic space in the cognitive aspect as more true, wise, meaningful and real than false, stupid, meaningless and deceptive. Their attitude to hope was, therefore, more affirmative than negative. The research did not reveal the importance of the age of the respondents on the degree of affirmation/negation of hope in the cognitive aspect in the semantic space; however, men in the period of late maturity and professional activity expressed the lowest level of the affirmation of hope. It is worthwhile to conduct further research concerning hope in other aspects (especially emotional and functional) in the semantic space in order to use the obtained results to consider what to take into account when providing patients in the terminal stage of cancer with better personalized holistic care than before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Baczewska
- Department of Internal Medicine and Internal Medicine in Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 7, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krystyna Wojciechowska
- Department of Strategy and Business Planning, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 38 Street, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Antoszewska
- Department of Special Needs Pedagogy and Resocialization, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Żołnierska 14, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Maria Malm
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics with e-Health Lab, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Leśniewski
- Department of Orthodox Theology, Faculty of Theology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 14, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
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10
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Amponsem S, Wolverson E, Clarke C. The meaning and experience of hope by people living with dementia as expressed through poetry. DEMENTIA 2022; 22:125-143. [DOI: 10.1177/14713012221137469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Narratives of dementia can undermine the ability of people to live well. Positive psychology, concerned with the cultivation of personal strengths, is a model through which people’s capacity to have positive experiences can be researched. This study explored the meanings and experiences of hope, a positive psychological construct found to facilitate well-being, in people with dementia. Methods People with dementia submitted poems about the meanings and their experiences of hope through an online platform. The submitted poems ( n = 29) underwent thematic analysis. Findings There were three main themes: (1) “ hope is light in the darkness” encapsulated the meaning ascribed to hope as a resource that spotlights what is still possible, (2) “ poetry gives voice to experiences of hope” captured the role of poetry in communicating the otherwise elusive concept of hope, and (3 )“peers uphold hope and cast away the darkness” captured that participants’ hope was blocked by stigmatising views held and expressed by others but facilitated through positive social interactions. Conclusions People are capable of having hope in the context of dementia, with hope being a uniquely functional strength that supports wellbeing. Health professionals, family and society have a clear role in supporting people with dementia to maintain their hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheriffa Amponsem
- Department of Psychological Health, Wellbeing and Social Work, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Emma Wolverson
- Department of Psychological Health, Wellbeing and Social Work, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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11
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Hordijk M, Vermeulen SF, Bunnik EM. The ‘false hope’ argument in discussions on expanded access to investigational drugs: a critical assessment. MEDICINE, HEALTH CARE AND PHILOSOPHY 2022; 25:693-701. [PMID: 35951276 PMCID: PMC9366814 DOI: 10.1007/s11019-022-10106-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When seriously ill patients reach the end of the standard treatment trajectory for their condition, they may qualify for the use of unapproved, investigational drugs regulated via expanded access programs. In medical-ethical discourse, it is often argued that expanded access to investigational drugs raises ‘false hope’ among patients and is therefore undesirable. We set out to investigate what is meant by the false hope argument in this discourse. In this paper, we identify and analyze five versions of the false hope argument which we call: (1) the limited chance at benefit argument, (2) the side effects outweighing benefits argument, (3) the opportunity costs argument, (4) the impossibility of making informed decisions argument, and (5) the difficulty of gaining access argument. We argue that the majority of these five versions do not provide normative ground for disqualifying patients’ hopes as false. Only when hope is rooted in a mistaken belief, for example, about the likelihood of benefits or chances on medical risks, or when hope is directed at something that cannot possibly be obtained, should it be considered false. If patients are adequately informed about their odds of obtaining medical benefit, however small, and about the risks associated with an investigational treatment, it is unjustified to consider patients’ hopes to be false, and hence, to deny them access to investigational drug based on that argument.
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12
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Garcia AS, Born SL, Carotta CL, Lavender-Stott ES, (Stella) Liu HL. Hope and Self-Compassion to Alleviate Parenting Stress in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. FAMILY JOURNAL (ALEXANDRIA, VA.) 2022; 30:164-173. [PMID: 35399751 PMCID: PMC8980850 DOI: 10.1177/10664807211040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted all aspects of life, parents have been subjected to more household and caregiving responsibilities and stressors. The purpose of this study is to investigate how hope, self-compassion, and perception of COVID-19 health risks influence parenting stress. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 362 parents living in the United States completed an online survey in July 2020. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher levels of hope are related to lower levels of parenting stress. On the other hand, lower levels of self-compassion as indicated by higher scores on the subscales of isolation, self-judgment, and overidentification are related to higher levels of parenting stress. Further, testing positive for the coronavirus is positively related to parenting stress, whereas the belief that COVID-19 is a serious disease is negatively related to parenting stress. Findings also revealed the significant role of hope in moderating the relation between self-compassion and parenting stress. This study highlights the importance of nurturing and drawing from one's own psychological resources to mitigate parenting stress, particularly in the context of a chronic source of stress like a pandemic. Implications for the counseling profession are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen S. Garcia
- School of Education, Counseling and
Human Development, College of Education and Human Sciences,
South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Staci L. Born
- School of Education, Counseling and
Human Development, College of Education and Human Sciences,
South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Christin L. Carotta
- School of Education, Counseling and
Human Development, College of Education and Human Sciences,
South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Erin S. Lavender-Stott
- School of Education, Counseling and
Human Development, College of Education and Human Sciences,
South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD, USA
| | - Hung-Ling (Stella) Liu
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences,
College of Education and Human Sciences, South Dakota State
University, Brookings, SD, USA
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13
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Smithson M, Shou Y, Dawel A, Calear AL, Farrer L, Cherbuin N. The Psychological Benefits of an Uncertain World: Hope and Optimism in the Face of Existential Threat. Front Psychol 2022; 13:749093. [PMID: 35401326 PMCID: PMC8983926 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.749093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We examine how prior mental health predicts hopes and how hopes predict subsequent mental health, testing hypotheses in a longitudinal study with an Australian nation-wide adult sample regarding mental health consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak during its initial stage. Quota sampling was used to select a sample representative of the adult Australian population in terms of age groups, gender, and geographical location. Mental health measures were selected to include those with the best psychometric properties. Hypotheses were tested using generalized linear models with random intercepts, with the type of GLM determined by the nature of the dependent variable. Greater anxiety, depression, distress, and loneliness predict less hope, but impaired quality of life and stress positively predict hopes of gaining new skills. Distress and loneliness predict hopes for social connectedness and an improved society, suggesting that predictors of hope depend on what is hoped for. These findings suggest the need for more nuanced theories of hope. Greater hopes for societal improvement predict lower anxiety, depression, distress, and impaired quality of life, but greater hopes for skills and better mental health predict higher levels of these covariates. Moreover, when relevant prior psychological states are more intense, the impact of hope state declines. These findings indicate that the consequences of hope are heterogeneous, and suggest a possible explanation for the seemingly inconsistent therapeutic effectiveness of raising hope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Smithson
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Yiyun Shou
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Amy Dawel
- Research School of Psychology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Alison L. Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Louise Farrer
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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14
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Stefaniak I, Janicki A, Świtaj P, Szykuła-Piec B, Grabowska-Lepczak I. Associations of consequences of coronavirus pandemic with anxiety, depression and loneliness: moderating effects of internal resources. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2022; 28:1380-1386. [PMID: 35057673 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2022.2029504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The influence of personal internal resources (IRs) on coping with traumatic events is constantly researched. This study aimed to determine how the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic affected anxiety, depression, and loneliness in two groups at different levels of exposure (low and high) to the infection. We analysed the impact of IRs in the form of the level of hope and self-efficacy on mental reactions (anxiety and depression) and social well-being (loneliness). The study was conducted as an internet survey. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and difference tests were used for preliminary analyses. Structural equation models (SEM) were used for multivariate data analysis. The SEM model revealed that people working in a profession with a higher risk of infection coped better in the pandemic. We observed a higher level of IRs in the higher exposure group, and the consequences were less pronounced. We concluded by stating that the level of hope and sense of self-efficacy could moderate the response in a pandemic situation and constitute protective factors against psychopathological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Stefaniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Piotr Świtaj
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
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15
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Improvements in Hope, Engagement and Functioning Following a Recovery-Focused Sub-Acute Inpatient Intervention: a Six-Month Evaluation. Psychiatr Q 2021; 92:1611-1634. [PMID: 34125366 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-021-09934-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have examined the post-discharge benefits associated with recover-oriented programs delivered in inpatient and sub-acute mental health settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medium-term outcomes of a 6-week sub-acute inpatient intervention program for 27 service users with a diagnosis of serious mental illness (mean age = 33.22 years, 70.4% with a psychosis diagnosis). Recovery data were collected on admission, at discharge, and at 3- and 6-months post-discharge using self-report, collaborative and clinical measures. The three clinician-rated measures (assessing therapeutic engagement, functioning, and life skills) revealed linear improvements from admission to 6-month follow-up (with mean z-change ranging from 0.72 to 1.35), as did the self-reported social connection measure (Mental Health Recovery Star, MHRS; mean z-change: 1.05). There were also curvilinear improvements in self-determination and self-reported MHRS symptom management and functioning scores; however, only modest changes were detected in hope (Herth Hope Index) and MHRS self-belief scores. Change scores based on self-reported and clinician-rated measures tended to be uncorrelated. An exploration of client-level outcomes revealed three recovery trajectory subgroups: transient (21.7%), gradual (34.8%), or sustained (43.5%) improvement; with members of the latter group tending to have longer illness durations. The study's findings are encouraging, to the extent that they demonstrate recovery-focused sub-acute inpatient programs can promote clinical recovery and aspects of personal recovery. However, they also suggest that recovery perspectives differ between clients and clinicians, and that far more work is required to understand the psychological factors that generate and sustain the hope that recovery is possible.
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16
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Ebrahimpour F, Mirlashari J, Hosseini ASS, Zarani F, Thorne S. Symbols of Hope on Pediatric Oncology Ward: Children's Perspective Using Photovoice. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2021; 38:385-398. [PMID: 34541954 DOI: 10.1177/10434542211041934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hope nurtures confidence and enhances positivity. It is known to be a critical factor in illness, recovery and healing. This study aimed to identify the views of hospitalized children with cancer about the circumstances and factors that create hope for them in the oncology ward. Methods: This qualitative study explored children's experiences using Photovoice, which is an arts-based approach. Twenty children aged 6-12 years diagnosed with various cancers at a Pediatric Hospital in Tehran, Iran, participated in this study. Participants were requested to take photographs of objects, circumstances, or anything that gave them hope or represented a sign of hope in the oncology ward. The photographs were then used to facilitate face-to-face interviews with these children. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed six main themes: emotional connectedness with nursing staff; the playroom as a means to soften the hospital space; the presence of a parent; symbols of recovery; a touch of nature in the hospital setting; and escaping the hospital cage. Discussion: Hopefulness among children can emanate from diverse events and circumstances within the hospital environment. Nurses and physicians need an understanding of children's perspectives to design interventions to improve hopefulness among hospitalized children with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ebrahimpour
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jila Mirlashari
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Women's Health Research Institute, 8166Department of OBGYN, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6Z 2K8
| | | | - Fariba Zarani
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Shahid, 48512Beheshti University, Shahid Shahriari Square, Daneshjou Boulevard, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sally Thorne
- School of Nursing, 70439University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 2B5
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17
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Measuring the effectiveness of psychoeducation on adherence, depression, anxiety and stress among patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia. a control trial. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00255-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractDespite evidence of the impact of depression and stress on attitudes towards medication in general medical pathology regimens, little is known of the effects of depression and stress on attitudes towards medication in schizophrenia. This study explores the effects of a hope-based psychoeducation on attitudes towards medication, depression, anxiety and stress, and predictors of attitudes towards medication. The participants in the study (n = 29) were randomly allocated to either the psychoeducation group or the control group. Results from the psychoeducation group revealed that attitudes towards medication were significantly improved and anxiety was significantly reduced. Given the small sample, which was recruited from among patients of a day mental health centre, findings should be interpreted tentatively. Being longer in pharmacotherapy, having experienced fewer occurrences of hospitalisation, and being less depressed predicted positivity towards medication. Patients in the control group did not exhibit significant change in any of the studied variables. Findings were interpreted in the light of research on stigma and insight into illness, and add modestly to literature arguing for the importance of patients’ retention of hope, empowerment and sense of control over illness. This study proposed that psychoeducation is an appropriate intervention to address a wide range of factors that compound adherence to medication and patients’ symptoms, such as patients’ interpretations of causal models, their sense of hope and control over the illness, and their insight into illness and self-stigma.
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18
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Berry C, Hodgekins J, Michelson D, Chapman L, Chelidoni O, Crowter L, Sacadura C, Fowler D. A Systematic Review and Lived-Experience Panel Analysis of Hopefulness in Youth Depression Treatment. ADOLESCENT RESEARCH REVIEW 2021; 7:235-266. [PMID: 34250220 PMCID: PMC8260023 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hopefulness is arguably of central importance to the recovery of youth with major or complex youth depression, yet it is unclear how hopefulness can best be enhanced in treatment. A narrative synthesis of published and grey literature was combined with new insights from a youth lived-experience panel (N = 15), focusing on to what extent and how specific psychological therapies and standard mental health care scaffold hopefulness as applied to depression among 14-25-year-olds. Thirty-one studies of variable quality were included in this review; thirteen were qualitative, thirteen quantitative, and five used mixed methods. Hopefulness is an important active ingredient of psychotherapies and standard mental health care in youth depression. Evidence suggests talking and activity therapies have moderate to large effects on hopefulness and that hopefulness can be enhanced in standard mental health care. However, varying intervention effects suggest a marked degree of uncertainty. Hopefulness is best scaffolded by a positive relational environment in which there is support for identifying and pursuing personally valued goals and engaging in meaningful activity. Animated (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4690PdTGec) and graphical summaries (https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.27024.84487) are available. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40894-021-00167-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clio Berry
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Brighton, Watson Building, Falmer, BN1 9PH UK
| | | | | | - Laura Chapman
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Olga Chelidoni
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Lucie Crowter
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Catarina Sacadura
- Research & Development, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, UK
| | - David Fowler
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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19
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Bukchin-Peles S, Ronen T. The Role of Adolescents' Personal and Social Resources in Achieving Desired Emotional and Behavioral Outcomes during an Anxiety-Provoking Pandemic Outbreak. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6280. [PMID: 34200652 PMCID: PMC8296054 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Considering adolescents' developmentally driven stressors and social needs, they may be particularly vulnerable to the anxiety associated with the public health and economic crises due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, they may have difficulty following the mandated contagion prevention directives. The current study focused on the role of adolescents' positive personal resources (self-control, hope) and environmental resources (peer support) in two desired outcomes during the COVID-19 outbreak: wellbeing (i.e., maintaining/increasing positivity ratio) and contagion prevention behaviors (i.e., increasing handwashing). Path analysis was conducted using online survey data collected from a representative sample of 651 Israeli adolescents (ages 13-17). Positive resources were found to be both positively intercorrelated and negatively correlated with pandemic-related anxiety and positively with increased handwashing. Self-control correlated positively with social support, which, in turn, correlated positively with the positivity ratio (i.e., more positive than negative affects) and pandemic-related anxiety. Self-control and pandemic-related anxiety both correlated positively with increased prevention behavior. This study highlights the vital role of positive resources in achieving desired psychological and behavioral outcomes for adolescents during the anxiety-provoking pandemic. Beyond its theoretical innovation, this study offers practical value by focusing on malleable variables that could be the focus of dedicated interventions.
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20
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Seyedfatemi N, Ahmadzad Asl M, Bahrami R, Haghani H. The effect of the virtual social network-based psycho-education on the hope of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:290-295. [PMID: 33966795 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Psycho-education may have a positive effect on family caregivers of clients with mental disorders, and promote positive psychological states such as hope. The present study aims to investigate the effect of virtual social network-based psycho-education on the hope of family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. This study is a quasi-experimental research with a control and experimental groups. The participants of the study were 72 family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders (36 in each group). Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and Adult Hope Scale before the study, immediately after the end of the training (first post-test), and 4 weeks afterwards (second post-test). The experimental group received psycho-education through Telegram App for four weeks. The results of the demographic questionnaire showed that both groups were homogeneous. The results of the Adult Hope Scale indicated that the mean score of both control and experimental groups were statistically significant and increased in the experimental group (P < 0.001). In addition, the changes of hope score in the experimental group were statistically significant in the first post-test than the pre-test, and in the second post-test than the first post-test and pre-test (P < 0.001). The findings of this study suggested that virtual social network-based psycho-education promotes the hopes of the family caregivers of clients with severe mental disorders. Due to the low cost and fast access of people to virtual networks, the content of this educational program can be widely used for family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiemeh Seyedfatemi
- Nursing Care Research Center (NCRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Ahmadzad Asl
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Bahrami
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Haghani
- Department of Biostatistics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Wright AM, Lee SJ, Rylatt D, Henderson K, Cronje HM, Kehoe M, Stafrace S. Coordinated assertive aftercare: Measuring the experience and impact of a hybrid clinical/non-clinical post-suicidal assertive outreach team. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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22
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Whybird G, Nott Z, Savage E, Korman N, Suetani S, Hielscher E, Vilic G, Tillston S, Patterson S, Chapman J. Promoting quality of life and recovery in adults with mental health issues using exercise and nutrition intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2020.1854023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoie Nott
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Psychology, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Emma Savage
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Psychology, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Nicole Korman
- Metro South Addictions and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Shuichi Suetani
- Metro South Addictions and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Emily Hielscher
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Gabrielle Vilic
- Metro South Addictions and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Stephen Tillston
- Queensland Police-Citizens Youth Welfare Association, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Sue Patterson
- Metro North Mental Health Service, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Justin Chapman
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland
- Metro South Addictions and Mental Health Service, Metro South Health, Brisbane, Queensland
- Queensland Police-Citizens Youth Welfare Association, Brisbane, Queensland
- The University of Queensland, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Brisbane, Queensland
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23
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Manor-Binyamini I. Internalized Stigma among Bedouin and Jews with Mental Illness: Comparing Self-Esteem, Hope, and Quality of Life. Psychiatr Q 2020; 91:1381-1393. [PMID: 32418139 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-020-09758-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the differences in internalized-stigma, self-esteem, hope, and quality of life in individuals with mental illness from two diverse cultures (Bedouins and Jews) and to examine the relationships between self-stigma and self-esteem, hope, and quality of life in participants from both cultures. Two hundred participants with mental illness in Israel were assessed on the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) scale. The Arab Bedouin participants tended to internalize stigma to a greater extent than the Jewish participants. Overall, there was a significant negative correlation between self-stigma, self-esteem, and hope and between alienation and quality of life in both groups although the correlation was stronger among the Arab Bedouin participants. By contrast, the associations between self-stigma and quality of life were only significant for two of the self-stigma dimensions (alienation and discrimination) among the Jewish participants. These results contribute to a better understanding of the role internalized stigma may play in the life of people with mental illness from diverse cultures. They may help design culturally appropriate intervention programs for people with mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Manor-Binyamini
- Department of Special Education, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, 3498838, Haifa, Israel.
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24
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Mirhosseini S, Dadgari A, Basirinezhad MH, Mohammadpourhodki R, Ebrahimi H. The Role of Hope to Alleviate Anxiety in COVID-19 Outbreak among Community
Dwellers: An Online Cross-sectional Survey. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2020. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The worldwide emergence of COVID-19 has been associated with
diverse consequences, including anxiety. Hope is believed to act as a motivation to enable
one to cope with the anxiety. This study was conducted to identify the role of hope in
alleviating anxiety due to the COVID-19 outbreak during the primary phase among
community dwellers in Iran.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 3,565 subjects with the convenience
sampling method. Data collection tools used included the COVID-19 knowledge checklist,
Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaires and Snyder Hope Scale. Participants
were asked to fill in the questionnaires online. The data were analysed using descriptive
and inferential statistics (multivariate linear regression analysis).
Results: Participants’ mean scores of anxiety and hope were 6.06±4.52 and 31.27±4.52,
respectively. The results indicated that 27.1% of the changes in the anxiety scores were
predictable with some of the variables examined in this study. A high score of hope was
directly associated with a lower level of anxiety. In addition, the number of hours spent
following news and information on COVID-19 was significantly related to anxiety level.
Moreover, female gender, urban residence, and having relatives suffering from COVID-19
were significantly related to a higher level of anxiety (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The morbidity and mortality associated with the COVID-19 outbreak had
brought a lot of anxiety among community dwellers. Hope, potentially, can contribute
to overcoming anxiety. Therefore, health policymakers can introduce appropriate social
interventions to enable the community to cope with stress and anxiety.
Keywords: Generalised anxiety disorder, hope, mental health, pandemic
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Dadgari
- Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Bannatyne A, Stapleton P. Eating Disorder Patient Experiences of Volitional Stigma Within the Healthcare System and Views on Biogenetic Framing: A Qualitative Perspective. AUSTRALIAN PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ap.12171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cresswell-Smith J, Donisi V, Rabbi L, Sfetcu R, Šprah L, Straßmayr C, Wahlbeck K, Ådnanes M. 'If we would change things outside we wouldn't even need to go in…' supporting recovery via community-based actions: A focus group study on psychiatric rehospitalization. Health Expect 2020; 24 Suppl 1:174-184. [PMID: 32909367 PMCID: PMC8137487 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric rehospitalization is a complex phenomenon in need of more person-centred approaches. The current paper aimed to explore how community-based actions and daily life influence mental health and rehospitalization. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS The qualitative study included focus group data from six European countries including 59 participants. Data were thematically analysed following an inductive approach deriving themes and subthemes in relation to facilitators and barriers to mental health. RESULTS Barriers consisted of subthemes (financial difficulty, challenging family circumstances and stigma), and facilitators consisted of three subthemes (complementing services, signposting and recovery). The recovery subtheme consisted of a further five categories (family and friends, work and recreation, hope, using mental health experience and meaning). DISCUSSION Barriers to mental health largely related to social determinants of mental health, which may also have implications for psychiatric rehospitalization. Facilitators included community-based actions and aspects of daily life with ties to personal recovery. By articulating the value of these facilitators, we highlight benefits of a person-centred and recovery-focused approach also within the context of psychiatric rehospitalization. CONCLUSIONS This paper portrays how person-centred approaches and day-to-day community actions may impact psychiatric rehospitalization via barriers and facilitators, acknowledging the social determinants of mental health and personal recovery. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The current study included participants with experience of psychiatric rehospitalization from six different European countries. Furthermore, transcripts were read by several of the focus group participants, and a service user representative participated in the entire research process in the original study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Donisi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Laura Rabbi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Raluca Sfetcu
- National School of Public Health, Management and Professional Development, Bucharest, Romania.,Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, SHU Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lilijana Šprah
- Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Sociomedical Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Christa Straßmayr
- IMEHPS.research - Forschungsinstitut für Sozialpsychiatrie, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristian Wahlbeck
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Mental Health Unit, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marian Ådnanes
- Department of Health Research, SINTEF Digital, Trondheim, Norway
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Abstract
Although hope and forgiveness have been both negatively correlated with depression, actual relationships between all three variables have never been investigated. The aim of the study was to examine a theoretical model in which forgiveness mediates the relationship between basic hope and depressive symptoms. The sample was composed of 77 psychotherapy outpatients. Polish adaptations of the Basic Hope Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale were used. Negative and positive aspects of dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations beyond anyone's control were applied. Results indicated that the general level of forgiveness, as well as overcoming unforgiveness, fully mediated the relationship between basic hope and depression symptoms, while positive dimension of forgiveness partially mediated the links between the variables. The findings demonstrate that the tendency to forgive might be a mechanism via which basic hope reduces odds of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Kaleta
- Department of Psychology, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, ul. Krakowska 11, 25-029, Kielce, Poland.
| | - Justyna Mróz
- Department of Psychology, The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, ul. Krakowska 11, 25-029, Kielce, Poland
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Abstract
This article offers a general discussion of the concept of false hope. Its ultimate aim is to clarify the meaning and the relevance of that concept for medicine and medical research. In the first part (Sections I–V), the concept of hope is discussed. I argue that hope is more than a combination of a desire and a belief about the probability that the desire will be fulfilled. Imagination and anticipation are as well components of hope. I also discuss if hope implies orientation to action. In the second part (Sections VI–VIII), I examine the concept of false hope. I show that hope is false if it cannot be justified epistemically. There is, I argue, an intimate relation between false hope and ignorance. Hope is justified—“realistic”—when the hoping person knows and accepts experts’ judgement about the probability of hope fulfillment. I then argue that what matters for evaluating a person’s hope is not only whether it is realistic, but also whether it is reasonable in the light of the aim and goals that a person strives for in (the remainder of) his life. Part three (Sections IX and X) goes into the question of what is morally wrong about having or causing false hope. In the fourth part (Sections XI and XII), the relevance is shown of the insights from the previous parts for the debate on false hope in medicine and clinical research.
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Yeung WS, Hancock N, Honey A, Wells K, Scanlan JN. Igniting and Maintaining Hope: The Voices of People Living with Mental Illness. Community Ment Health J 2020; 56:1044-1052. [PMID: 31993841 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The study objective was to identify the types of experiences that consumers identify as igniting and maintaining hope, and those most frequently reported. Data were collected through an anonymous online survey. Two open-ended questions elicited reflective personal accounts regarding hope-promoting experiences. Using an interpretive content analysis design, data were coded inductively using constant comparative analysis. Numbers of participants reporting each type of experience were calculated to identify patterns of hopeful experiences. Findings from 72 participants highlighted a diversity of hope-promoting experiences and sources. Fifteen experiences were identified, forming two broad categories: interactions and experiences involving others, and personal or internal experiences, insights and actions. Findings suggest that consumers play an active role in igniting and maintaining their own hope. Peer workers and health workers can support this by being cognizant of the quality of their interactions with consumers and by facilitating connections with others, particularly families, friends and peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Shan Yeung
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Hancock
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anne Honey
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen Wells
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Justin N Scanlan
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Mardhiyah A, Philip K, Mediani HS, Yosep I. The Association between Hope and Quality of Life among Adolescents with Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review. CHILD HEALTH NURSING RESEARCH 2020; 26:323-328. [PMID: 35004475 PMCID: PMC8650972 DOI: 10.4094/chnr.2020.26.3.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hope has been identified as a protective factor that contributes to achieving a better quality to life, especially in patients with chronic disease. The purpose of this review was to synthesize current knowledge about the relationship between hope and quality of life among adolescents living with chronic illnesses. Methods We searched major English-language databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL) for studies from January 1, 2002 to July 12, 2019. Studies were included if they provided data on hope and its relationship with quality of life among adolescents with chronic diseases. Results In total, five articles were selected from the 336 studies that were retrieved. All five studies reported a positive correlation between hope and quality of life, such that people with a higher level of hope had a better quality of life. Hope was found to have direct and indirect effects on quality of life in adolescents with chronic diseases. Conclusion Healthcare professionals should make more efforts to enhance hope in adolescents with chronic diseases in order to improve their quality of life. Future studies exploring how hope develops in adolescents with chronic diseases and the long-term impact of hope on quality of life are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Mardhiyah
- Graduate Student, Faculty of Health Science, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia ․ Faculty Member, Faculty of Nursing, Univeristas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Koshy Philip
- Professor, Faculty of Science, Lincoln University College, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Henny Suzana Mediani
- Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing, Univeristas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Iyus Yosep
- Faculty Member, Faculty of Nursing, Univeristas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Quaglietti S. Creating a Hope Narrative for Veterans in Recovery Using Photography and Written Expression. JOURNAL OF CREATIVITY IN MENTAL HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15401383.2020.1783415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ekqvist E, Kuusisto K. Changes in clients’ well-being (ORS) and state hope (SHS) during inpatient substance abuse treatment. NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS 2020; 37:384-399. [PMID: 35310923 PMCID: PMC8899247 DOI: 10.1177/1455072520922025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: During inpatient substance abuse treatment, professionals seek to help clients to achieve improvement in various life domains affected by substance abuse. Progress monitoring during substance abuse treatment has been called for, and in this study we examine how clients’ levels of well-being and hope change during inpatient substance abuse treatment. Methods: Clients ( N = 168) entered the treatment facility between January 1, 2017 and August 31, 2018. The prospective data were gathered from one treatment unit located in central Finland on entry into treatment, during and at the end of treatment. Using the Outcome Rating Scale (ORS) as a therapeutic tool was standard procedure in the treatment unit. Demographic information on participants, information on their previous substance use and scores on the State Hope Scale (SHS) were collected through structured questionnaires. Non-parametrical tests (Mann–Whitney U test; Kruskal–Wallis χ2; Spearman’s rho) were used to study changes in indicators of well-being and hope. Results: As hypothesised, inpatient treatment had a positive effect on both ORS and SHS and they were interrelated. Differences in gender, living situation and previous admissions were found when studying how the background information of the participants was related to the change achieved in ORS and SHS. Conclusions: Inpatient substance abuse treatment seemed to enhance both well-being and hope of the clients of inpatient substance abuse treatment.
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Katsimigos AM, O'Beirne S, Harmon D. Hope and chronic pain-a systematic review. Ir J Med Sci 2020; 190:307-312. [PMID: 32451764 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-020-02251-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hope is considered as an important therapeutic factor in health and illness. Chronic pain affects a significant proportion of the world's population and causes great emotional and physical suffering to patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review is to explore the current literature on hope and chronic pain. METHODS A comprehensive review of current literature on hope and chronic pain was undertaken. Several databases were used (incorporating EBSCO, MEDLINE, PUBMED). Search terms included 'hope' and 'hopelessness' in conjunction with 'chronic pain, 'pain management' and 'pain reduction'. Articles were included if they reported a study (1) exploring outcomes of hope as an intervention for chronic pain, (2) reported on hope specifically and not related concepts and (3) included a measurement of hope. RESULTS A total of three articles were found which fit the inclusion criteria. Each article used different tools to measure hope. The review demonstrates a gap in the literature regarding hope as a therapeutic intervention for chronic pain specifically. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this review demonstrate that hope is influenced by several patient factors and has a positive impact on patients with chronic pain. The current literature supports the usefulness of hope as a therapeutic intervention for not only chronic pain but many chronic illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheena O'Beirne
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Dominic Harmon
- Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. .,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Limerick University Hospital, Dooradoyle, Limerick, Ireland.
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Siril H, Smith Fawzi MC, Todd J, Somba M, Kaale A, Minja A, Killewo J, Mugusi F, Kaaya SF. The value of hope: development and validation of a contextual measure of hope among people living with HIV in urban Tanzania a mixed methods exploratory sequential study. BMC Psychol 2020; 8:5. [PMID: 31996246 PMCID: PMC6988347 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-020-0376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hope or hopefulness enhances coping and improves quality of life in persons with chronic or incurable illnesses. Lack of hope is associated with depression and anxiety, which impact negatively on quality of life. In Tanzania, where HIV prevalence is high, the rates of depression and anxiety are over four times higher among people living with HIV (PLH) compared to persons not infected and contribute annual mortality among PLH. Tanzania has a shortage of human resources for mental health, limiting access to mental health care. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions can complement existing services and improve access to quality mental health services in the midst of human resource shortages. Facilitating hope can be a critical element of non-pharmacological interventions which are underutilized, partly due to limited awareness and lack of hope measures, adapted to accommodate cultural context and perspectives of PLH. To address this gap, we developed and validated a local hope measure among PLH in Tanzania. METHODS Two-phased mixed methods exploratory sequential study among PLH. Phase I was Hope-related items identification using deductive, inductive approaches and piloting. Phase II was an evaluation of psychometric properties at baseline and 24 months. Classical test theory, exploratory, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used. RESULTS Among 722 PLH, 59% were women, mean age was 39.3 years, and majority had primary school level of education. A total of 40 hope items were reduced to 10 in a three-factor solution, explaining 69% of variance at baseline, and 93% at follow-up. Internal consistency Cronbach's alpha was 0.869 at baseline and 0.958 at follow-up. The three-factor solution depicted: positive affect; cognition of effectiveness of HIV care; and goals/plans/ future optimism. Test-retest reliability was good (r = 0.797) and a number of indices were positive for CFA model fit, including Comparative Fit Index of 0.984. CONCLUSION The developed local hope scale had good internal reliability, validity, and its dimensionality was confirmed against expectations. The fewer items for hope assessment argue well for its use in busy clinical settings to improve HIV care in Tanzania. Hope in this setting could be more than cognitive goal thinking, pathway and motivation warranting more research. TRIAL REGISTRATION The intervention was registered in USA ClinicalTrials.gov on September 26, 2012, Registration number: NCT01693458.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen Siril
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili, University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mary C. Smith Fawzi
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jim Todd
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Magreat Somba
- Africa Academy for Public Health (AAPH), Plot # 802 Mwai Kibaki road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anna Kaale
- Africa Academy for Public Health (AAPH), Plot # 802 Mwai Kibaki road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Anna Minja
- Africa Academy for Public Health (AAPH), Plot # 802 Mwai Kibaki road, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Japhet Killewo
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Upanga Tanzania
| | - Ferdinand Mugusi
- Department of Internal Medicine P.O. Box 65001, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Sylvia F. Kaaya
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili, University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), P.O. Box 65001, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Slofstra C, Booij SH, Rogier Hoenders HJ, Castelein S. Redefining Therapeutic Outcomes of Depression Treatment. J Pers Oriented Res 2019; 5:1-8. [PMID: 33569141 PMCID: PMC7842646 DOI: 10.17505/jpor.2019.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Responses to evidence-based interventions for depression are divergent: Some patients benefit more than others during treatment and some do not benefit at all or even deteriorate. Tailoring interventions to the individual may improve outcomes. However, such personalization of evidence-based treatment in depression requires investigation of individual outcomes and the individual trajectories towards these outcomes. This theoretical paper provides a critical reflection on individual outcomes of depression treatment. First, it is argued that outcomes should be broadened, from a focus on mainly depressive symptomatology to recovery in different domains. It is acknowledged that recovery from depression reflects a personal journey that differs from person to person. Second, outcome measures should be lengthened beyond the acute treatment phase, taking a lifetime perspective on depression. The challenge then is to discover which trajectories of what measures during what interventions result in personalized sustainable recovery and for whom. Routine outcome monitoring systems may be used to inform this quest towards assessment of personalized sustainable therapeutic outcomes. Adaptations to broaden and lengthen measurements in routine outcome monitoring systems are proposed to identify predictors of personalized sustainable recovery. Routine outcome monitoring systems may eventually be used to implement personalized treatments for depression that result in personalized sustainable recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christien Slofstra
- Lentis Research, Groningen, Hereweg 80, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne H Booij
- Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Hereweg 76, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, CC72, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - H J Rogier Hoenders
- Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Hereweg 76, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Stynke Castelein
- Lentis Research, Groningen, Hereweg 80, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.,Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Center for Integrative Psychiatry, Hereweg 76, 9700 AB Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
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Griggs S, Baker H, Chiodo LM. Nursing student perceptions of hope in children: A qualitative descriptive study. Nurs Forum 2019; 54:441-447. [PMID: 31141187 PMCID: PMC6693973 DOI: 10.1111/nuf.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hope has been linked to positive health outcomes in the literature. Hope is abstract, multidimensional, future oriented, and occurs cognitively making it difficult to assess in children. Most of the research on hope has been conducted with adults and adolescents. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the concept of hope in children to provide nurses with tools to identify hope behaviors in children. The aim of this qualitative descriptive study was to describe hope behaviors in children from a nursing student perspective. Data were gathered from three focus groups (N = 19) of nursing students enrolled in a pediatric clinical rotation using a semistructured interview technique. Three themes of hope behaviors emerged from the three focus groups and were (a) future oriented, (b) goal oriented-getting up and doing things, and (c) pathways thinking processes-getting from point A to point B. Health care providers should consider hope behavioral cues, which can warrant interventions to increase hope in their young patients. Current findings demonstrate the need for the development of hope interventions that involve younger patients, thereby making their effects more sustainable across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Griggs
- Yale University School of Nursing
- University of Massachusetts Amherst College of Nursing
| | - Hallie Baker
- University of Massachusetts Amherst College of Nursing
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Chinman M, McCarthy S, Mitchell-Miland C, Bachrach RL, Schutt RK, Ellison M. Predicting Engagement With Mental Health Peer Specialist Services. Psychiatr Serv 2019; 70:333-336. [PMID: 30755129 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.201800368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peer specialists are individuals with behavioral disorders who complete training to use their experiences to help others with similar disorders. Recent analyses have suggested that greater engagement with peer specialist services is associated with fewer psychiatric symptoms. This study assessed predictors of engagement with peer specialist services. METHODS Using the Andersen model of health service utilization with a sample of veterans (N=71) receiving housing support, investigators constructed a negative binomial regression model to evaluate the association between peer specialist service engagement and the model's three factors assessed at baseline of a larger trial: predisposing (personal demographic and social variables); enabling (support variables), and need (perceived and evaluated health problems). Demographic characteristics and behavioral health service use six months before baseline were also predictors. RESULTS Greater hope (predisposing), psychiatric symptoms (need), and service utilization significantly predicted greater peer specialist engagement. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest subpopulations with whom peer specialists would be most likely to engage successfully, perhaps improving their efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Chinman
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
| | - Sharon McCarthy
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
| | - Chantele Mitchell-Miland
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
| | - Rachel L Bachrach
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
| | - Russell K Schutt
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
| | - Marsha Ellison
- Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion and the Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (Chinman, Mitchell-Miland, Bachrach) and Department of Health Science (McCarthy), Veterans Affairs (VA) Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh; Department of Health, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California (Chinman); Department of Sociology (Schutt) and Department of Psychiatry (Ellison), University of Massachusetts, Boston
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Gillig TK, Miller LC, Cox CM. "She Finally Smiles … for Real": Reducing Depressive Symptoms and Bolstering Resilience Through a Camp Intervention for LGBTQ Youth. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2019; 66:368-388. [PMID: 29185874 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2017.1411693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
While summer camps are a recognized evidence-based strategy for building social and emotional skills among youth (U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2009), no known studies have evaluated the effects of camp programming for LGBTQ youth in the United States. This pilot study evaluates a novel program (Brave Trails) for LGBTQ youth ages 12 to 20, using a pre-post camper survey (N = 56) and a post-camp parent survey (N = 54). Results show campers experienced increases in identity affirmation and hope and a reduction in depressive symptoms. Regression analyses found changes in identity affirmation predicted reductions in depressive symptoms and increases in resilience. Additionally, campers' experience of key camp programming features predicted changes in depressive symptoms. Findings from the parent survey were consistent with camper survey results. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Traci K Gillig
- a Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA
| | - Lynn C Miller
- a Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA
| | - Courtney M Cox
- a Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California , USA
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Hernandez M, Barrio C, Gaona L, Helu-Brown P, Hai A, Lim C. Hope and Schizophrenia in the Latino Family Context. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:42-50. [PMID: 30506465 PMCID: PMC6629030 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-018-0354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study explored hope among Latinos with schizophrenia and their family caregivers to gain a greater understanding of how it is experienced in the family context. Data were collected from 34 participants (14 individuals with schizophrenia; 20 family caregivers). Semistructured in-depth interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis, comparing codes across and within consumer and family caregiver transcripts. Findings revealed that hope was conceptualized as a multidimensional construct and was a vital resource for participants. Specifically, there was an emphasis on contextual factors that included religion and spirituality and interpersonal relationships. Findings underscore the need to expand our understanding of how hope is perceived and developed among Latinos and other underserved groups. This could lead to better recognition of this salient resource to incorporate its varied dimensions into treatment models that address the needs of consumers and family caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Hernandez
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard (D3500), Austin, TX, 78712-1405, USA.
| | - Concepción Barrio
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lizbeth Gaona
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paula Helu-Brown
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Audrey Hai
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, University of Texas at Austin, 1925 San Jacinto Boulevard (D3500), Austin, TX, 78712-1405, USA
| | - Caroline Lim
- Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Hope-Promoting Strategies: Perspectives of Iranian Women with Breast Cancer About the Role of Social Support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.83317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fortuna KL, Storm M, Naslund JA, Aschbrenner KA, Lohman MC, Chow PI, DiMilia PR, Bartels SJ. Certified Peer Specialists and Older Adults With Serious Mental Illness' Perspectives of the Impact of a Peer-Delivered and Technology-Supported Self-Management Intervention. J Nerv Ment Dis 2018; 206:875-881. [PMID: 30371642 PMCID: PMC6209327 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We explored the perspectives of certified peer specialists and older adults with serious mental illness on the impact of a peer-delivered medical and psychiatric self-management intervention, "PeerTECH." Transcripts from interviews with consumers with serious mental illness and a focus group with certified peer specialists who were engaged in PeerTECH were analyzed. Consumer participants (n = 8) had a mean age of 68.8 years (SD = 4.9) and included individuals diagnosed with major depressive disorder (five people), schizophrenia spectrum disorders (two people), and bipolar disorder (one person). Certified peer specialists (n = 3) were aged 55 years or more. Themes included internal and external forces of accountability, confidence, internal and external locus of hope, human bonding, and peer support. This exploratory qualitative study found that human support from peers can potentially influence health behavioral change in a combined peer and technology-based medical and psychiatric illness self-management intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L. Fortuna
- Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, 46 Centerra Parkway, Suite 200 Lebanon, NH 03766
- CDC Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Marianne Storm
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- The Dartmouth Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03766
| | - John A. Naslund
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, 641 Huntington Avenue Boston, MA 02115
| | - Kelly A. Aschbrenner
- Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, 46 Centerra Parkway, Suite 200 Lebanon, NH 03766
- CDC Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
| | - Matthew C. Lohman
- University of South Carolina, Arnold School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Philip I. Chow
- Center for Behavioral Health and Technology, Dept. of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, 1300 Jefferson Park Ave, Charlottesville, VA 22903
| | - Peter R. DiMilia
- The Dartmouth Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03766
| | - Stephen J. Bartels
- Dartmouth Centers for Health and Aging, 46 Centerra Parkway, Suite 200 Lebanon, NH 03766
- CDC Health Promotion Research Center at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, United States
- The Dartmouth Institute, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03766
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Lagger N, Amering M, Sibitz I, Gmeiner A, Schrank B. Stability and mutual prospective relationships of stereotyped beliefs about mental illness, hope and depressive symptoms among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Psychiatry Res 2018; 268:484-489. [PMID: 30145505 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Internalized stigma, hope and depressive symptoms are important variables in the recovery process of people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but little is known about their stability or relationship among each other over time. This study aims to unravel the longitudinal stability and relationships of these variables. 99 participants were included in this prospective study assessing internalized stigma, hope and depressive symptoms at baseline, with a first follow-up after three months and a second follow-up after six months. Multilevel models examined if the variables changed over time and a correlation coefficient was conducted to show their relationship to each other. Hope stayed stable over time, whereas internalized stigma and depressive symptoms significantly decreased over the study period. The correlation coefficient showed that internalized stigma and depressive symptoms influenced each other moderately over time. Thus, while hope was a stable construct over time, internalized stigma and depressive symptoms changed significantly and were correlated to each other positively. This implies that participants may adjust to their chronic condition over time, and recovery focused interventions should target both psychological dimensions at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lagger
- Doctoral student of the Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - Michaela Amering
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingrid Sibitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Gmeiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Beate Schrank
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems/Donau, Austria
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Redlich-Amirav D, Ansell LJ, Harrison M, Norrena KL, Armijo-Olivo S. Psychometric properties of Hope Scales: A systematic review. Int J Clin Pract 2018; 72:e13213. [PMID: 29920883 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hope is recognised as an important factor in health, illness, and well-being. Many scales to measure hope have been developed and used in various disciplines, yet, their psychometric properties have not been systematically reviewed. AIM To systematically review the psychometric properties of hope scales. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS Four electronic databases were searched followed by a hand search. The data were extracted and qualitatively evaluated by the COSMIN checklist, an instrument designed as a quality rating tool for systematic reviews of psychometric properties. RESULTS From 1271 retrieved abstracts, 68 papers met the inclusion criteria. The most used scale was the Snyder Hope Scale (46%) followed by the Herth Hope Index (16%). All other scales (n = 16) were evaluated in less than 10% of the papers. Structural validity (91%), internal consistency (88%), and hypothesis testing (74%) were the most reported properties. Reliability (34%), cross-cultural validity (34%), content validity (25%), and criterion validity (15%) were reported in less than 50% of the papers. Only two (3%) studies reported responsiveness, and none reported measurement error. Less than 35% of the validation studies achieved excellent or good quality for any of the measurement properties. CONCLUSION The results show that no robust and valid scale exists for measuring hope. It highlights important gaps in psychometric properties of hope scales. Despite more than 40 years of research and development of hope scales, the currently available scales do not meet the standards of psychometric evaluation. This calls for efforts to improve the quality of hope scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Redlich-Amirav
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Professions Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Levi J Ansell
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Susan Armijo-Olivo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Ding Y. Modelling continued use of information systems from a forward-looking perspective: Antecedents and consequences of hope and anticipated regret. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.im.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wienand I, Rakic M, Shaw D, Elger B. The Beneficence of Hope: Findings from a Qualitative Study with Gout and Diabetes Patients. JOURNAL OF BIOETHICAL INQUIRY 2018; 15:211-218. [PMID: 29663121 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-018-9853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper explores the importance of hope as a determining factor for patients to participate in first-in-human trials for synthetic biology therapies. This paper focuses on different aspects of hope in the context of human health and well-being and explores the varieties of hope expressed by patients. The research findings are based on interview data collected from stable gout and diabetes patients. Three concepts of hope have emerged from the interviews: hope as certainty (H1); hope as reflective uncertainty (H2); hope as self-therapy (H3). The purpose of the paper is twofold. First, it aims to underline the significance of hope in patients' medical decision-making, as well as the beneficence of hope for patients' well-being, and for progress in research. Second, it shows how philosophical investigations-in particular Descartes-explore the phenomenon of hope and provide medical empirical research with profitable insights and tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Wienand
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
- Institut für Bio- und Medizinethik, Universität Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, Raum 002, -4056, Basel, CH, Switzerland.
| | - Milenko Rakic
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Shaw
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bernice Elger
- Institute for Biomedical Ethics, University of Basel, Bernoullistrasse 28, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Prevalence and predictors of major depressive disorder in bereaved caregivers at 6 and 13 months. Palliat Support Care 2018; 17:300-305. [PMID: 29806573 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951518000366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depressive symptoms are common in bereaved caregivers; however, there have been few prospective studies using a structured interview. This study investigated the prevalence and preloss predictors of major depressive disorder (MDD) in bereaved caregivers of patients in a palliative care unit. METHOD This prospective cohort study collected caregiver sociodemographic and psychological data before the death of a palliative care unit patient, including MDD, care-burden, coping style, and hopeful attitude. Postloss MDD was assessed 6 and 13 months after death, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify its predictors.ResultOf 305 caregivers contacted, 92 participated in this study. The prevalence of preloss MDD was 21.8%; the prevalences of postloss MDD were 34.8% and 24.7% at 6 and 13 months, respectively. Preloss MDD predicted postloss MDD at 6 months (odds ratio [OR] = 5.38, 95% confidence interval [CI95%] = 1.29, 22.43); preloss nonhopeful attitude and unemployment status of caregivers predicted postloss MDD at 13 months (OR = 8.77, CI95% = 1.87, 41.13 and OR = 7.10, CI95% = 1.28, 39.36, respectively).Significance of resultsApproximately 35% of caregivers suffered from MDD at 6 months postloss, but the prevalence of MDD decreased to about 25% at 13 months. Preloss MDD significantly predicted postloss MDD at 6 months, whereas hopeful attitude and unemployment at baseline were significantly associated with postloss MDD at 13 months.
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Wolf A, Garlid CF, Hyrkas K. Physicians’ Perceptions of Hope and How Hope Informs Interactions With Patients: A Qualitative, Exploratory Study. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 2018; 35:993-999. [DOI: 10.1177/1049909117751877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Today some studies of physicians’ perceptions of hope are available, but not studies of how hope informs patient care. The objectives of this qualitative study were to describe the ways physicians conceptualize hope and how these may inform interactions with their patients. Methods: Ten physicians working in a large tertiary care teaching hospital were interviewed. They represented palliative care, oncology, and 7 other specialties. Minimal amount of background information was collected. In-depth interviews were conducted during spring of 2016. Open coding and the constant comparison method were used to identify emerging themes from the transcribed data. Validation method included member checking. Results: Hope was defined as an abstract, evolving concept characterized by future-oriented wishes; offering possibilities for reframing and shaping new meaning; an attitude of positivity or optimism; an attribute of the human condition with emotional and relational roots; and as a response to the existential inevitability of suffering and death. Three themes describing hope emerged: “assessing hope,” “fostering and sustaining hope,” and “attributes and outcomes of hope.” Conclusions: The findings show how physicians conceptualize hope and how these conceptions differ in the empirical light of the study. Physicians’ perceptions of “hope” may evolve when entering into a therapeutic relationship exploring the needs and desires of patients. Physicians’ perspectives about “hope” may at times not be solely their own but are those of their patients and thus resulting in an amalgamation, or a rebuilding/rekindling of hope amidst hopelessness, that suits a particular relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Airin Wolf
- Clinical Pastoral Education Program, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
| | | | - Kristiina Hyrkas
- Center for Nursing Research and Quality, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
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Pachoud B. Pourquoi la visée du rétablissement en santé mentale implique une priorisation de la dimension éthique ? ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Morote R, Hjemdal O, Krysinska K, Martinez Uribe P, Corveleyn J. Resilience or hope? Incremental and convergent validity of the resilience scale for adults (RSA) and the Herth hope scale (HHS) in the prediction of anxiety and depression. BMC Psychol 2017; 5:36. [PMID: 29078801 PMCID: PMC5659010 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-017-0205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hope and resilience protect against inner vulnerabilities or harsh life circumstances; they explain individual differences in physical or mental health outcomes under high stress. They have been studied in complementary or competing theoretical frameworks; therefore, the study of measures of hope and resilience should be undertaken prior to explore if they are truly value-added for research. This study investigates the convergent and incremental validity of the Resilience Scale for Adults (RSA) and the Herth Hope Scale (HHS), in the prediction of anxiety and depression (HSCL-25). METHODS Participants in this community-based sample are 762 adults from 18 to 74 years old. They answered the RSA, HHS, Spanish Language Stressful Life-Events Checklist (SL-SLE), and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25). Incremental validity analyses combined hierarchical regression and structural equation models (SEM). First, hierarchical regression models were compared based on three criteria (R 2Diff., ΔF, and semi-partial r), then the direct effect of resilience on affective symptoms was compared with the mediated effect of resilience on affective symptoms through hope. RESULTS The hierarchical models showed that (1) hope and resilience account significantly for the variance of affective symptoms above age, sex, and life-stress; (2) Resilience Total score has greater incremental validity than positive scales of HHS Hope; and (3) RSA Total score, HHS Optimism/Spiritual support, Stressful life-events and sex are unique predictors of affective symptoms. The SEM analyses verified a stronger direct effect of resilience in the prediction of affective symptoms above the significant partial mediated effect of resilience through hope. Additionally, results show that age and better educational opportunities were associated with protection (i.e. resilience and hope) and emotional well-being (i.e. affective symptoms and hopelessness). Women showed higher scores in social competences and resources (RSA), interconnectedness and initiative to take action (HHS). However, they have poorer evaluations of own abilities and efficacy (RSA), and higher scores in all the affective symptoms assessed. CONCLUSION The RSA has incremental validity above the HHS, however, both the RSA and the HHS are effective, differentiated and complementary measures of protection that are of high relevance for research on psychosocial and emotional well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanna Morote
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Karolina Krysinska
- Dementia Collaborative Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sidney, Australia
| | | | - Jozef Corveleyn
- Department of Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Olçun Z, Şahin Altun Ö. The Correlation Between Schizophrenic Patients' Level of Internalized Stigma and Their Level of Hope. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:332-337. [PMID: 28693867 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between schizophrenic patients' level of internalized stigma and their level of hope. MATERIAL AND METHOD The population of the study consisted of patients who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia and also met the study inclusion criteria. The study sample selection from the population was not further divided; the study was conducted with 76 patients. The data of the study were collected using a personal information form, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) Scale, and Herth Hope Scale. FINDINGS The patients' mean score on the Internalized Stigma Scale was 72.78±16.05. Their score on the Hope Scale is 50.36±11.91. A significant negative correlation was found between the total mean scores of ISMI and the Herth Hope Scale (r=-0.360, p<0.01). A significant positive correlation was found between the stigma resistance subscale mean score of ISMI and the total mean score of the Herth Hope Scale (r=0.510, p<0.01). CONCLUSION The internalized stigma levels of schizophrenic patients were found to be high, whereas their hope levels were found to be moderate. A significant negative correlation was found between internalized stigma and hope. This study also found a significant positive correlation between the stigma resistance of patients and their hope levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynep Olçun
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Özlem Şahin Altun
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
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