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Javaid MH, Chen N, Yasin MU, Fan X, Neelam A, Rehman M, Haider Z, Bukhari SAH, Munir R, Ahmad I, Gan Y. Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles enhance Zea mays resilience to salt stress by improving antioxidant metabolism and mitigating ultrastructural damage. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142337. [PMID: 38754490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity poses a substantial threat to agricultural productivity, resulting in far-reaching consequences. Green-synthesized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant biopolymers which effectively promote sustainable crop production and enhance abiotic stress tolerance. However, the defensive role and underlying mechanisms of LNPs against salt stress in Zea mays remain unexplored. The present study aims to elucidate two aspects: firstly, the synthesis of lignin nanoparticles from alkali lignin, which were characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX). The results confirmed the purity and morphology of LNPs. Secondly, the utilization of LNPs (200 mg/L) in nano priming to alleviate the adverse effects of NaCl (150 mM) on Zea mays seedlings. LNPs significantly reduced the accumulation of Na+ (17/21%) and MDA levels (21/28%) in shoots/roots while increased lignin absorption (30/31%), resulting in improved photosynthetic performance and plant growth. Moreover, LNPs substantially improved plant biomass, antioxidant enzymatic activities and upregulated the expression of salt-tolerant genes (ZmNHX3 (1.52 & 2.81 FC), CBL (2.83 & 3.28 FC), ZmHKT1 (2.09 & 4.87 FC) and MAPK1 (3.50 & 2.39 FC) in both shoot and root tissues. Additionally, SEM and TEM observations of plant tissues confirmed the pivotal role of LNPs in mitigating NaCl-induced stress by reducing damages to guard cells, stomata and ultra-cellular structures. Overall, our findings highlight the efficacy of LNPs as a practical and cost-effective approach to alleviate NaCl-induced stress in Zea mays plants. These results offer a sustainable agri-environmental strategy for mitigating salt toxicity and enhancing crop production in saline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Haseeb Javaid
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Nana Chen
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Yasin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xingming Fan
- Institute of Food Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Asifa Neelam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rehman
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zulqarnain Haider
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Raheel Munir
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Irshan Ahmad
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinbo Gan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Xu S, Zhao R, Sun J, Sun Y, Xu G, Wang F. Microplastics change soil properties, plant performance, and bacterial communities in salt-affected soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134333. [PMID: 38643581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants found globally. However, their effects on soil-plant systems in salt-affected habitats remain unknown. Here, we examined the effects of polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) on soil properties, maize performance, and bacterial communities in soils with different salinity levels. Overall, MPs decreased soil electrical conductivity and increased NH4+-N and NO3--N contents. Adding NaCl alone had promoting and inhibitive effects on plant growth in a concentration-dependent manner. Overall, the addition of 0.2% PLA increased shoot biomass, while 2% PLA decreased it. Salinity increased Na content and decreased K/Na ratio in plant tissues (particularly roots), which were further modified by MPs. NaCl and MPs singly and jointly regulated the expression of functional genes related to salt tolerance in leaves, including ZMSOS1, ZMHKT1, and ZMHAK1. Exposure to NaCl alone had a slight effect on soil bacterial α-diversity, but in most cases, MPs increased ACE, Chao1, and Shannon indexes. Both MPs and NaCl altered bacterial community composition, although the specific effects varied depending on the type and concentration of MPs and the salinity level. Overall, PLA had more pronounced effects on soil-plant systems compared to PE. These findings bridge knowledge gaps in the risks of MPs in salt-affected habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China
| | - Rong Zhao
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China
| | - Jiao Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China; Shandong Vocational College of Science and Technology, Weifang, Shandong 261000, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Sun
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China
| | - Guangjian Xu
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China
| | - Fayuan Wang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, PR China.
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Li X, Ma Q, Wang X, Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Du Y, Luo H, Chen Y, Li X, Li Y, He R, Zhou Y, Li Y, Cheng M, He J, Rong T, Tang Q. A teosinte-derived allele of ZmSC improves salt tolerance in maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1361422. [PMID: 38903442 PMCID: PMC11188391 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1361422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Maize, a salt-sensitive crop, frequently suffers severe yield losses due to soil salinization. Enhancing salt tolerance in maize is crucial for maintaining yield stability. To address this, we developed an introgression line (IL76) through introgressive hybridization between maize wild relatives Zea perennis, Tripsacum dactyloides, and inbred Zheng58, utilizing the tri-species hybrid MTP as a genetic bridge. Previously, genetic variation analysis identified a polymorphic marker on Zm00001eb244520 (designated as ZmSC), which encodes a vesicle-sorting protein described as a salt-tolerant protein in the NCBI database. To characterize the identified polymorphic marker, we employed gene cloning and homologous cloning techniques. Gene cloning analysis revealed a non-synonymous mutation at the 1847th base of ZmSCIL76 , where a guanine-to-cytosine substitution resulted in the mutation of serine to threonine at the 119th amino acid sequence (using ZmSCZ58 as the reference sequence). Moreover, homologous cloning demonstrated that the variation site derived from Z. perennis. Functional analyses showed that transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing ZmSCZ58 exhibited significant reductions in leaf number, root length, and pod number, alongside suppression of the expression of genes in the SOS and CDPK pathways associated with Ca2+ signaling. Similarly, fission yeast strains expressing ZmSCZ58 displayed inhibited growth. In contrast, the ZmSCIL76 allele from Z. perennis alleviated these negative effects in both Arabidopsis and yeast, with the lines overexpressing ZmSCIL76 exhibiting significantly higher abscisic acid (ABA) content compared to those overexpressing ZmSCZ58 . Our findings suggest that ZmSC negatively regulates salt tolerance in maize by suppressing downstream gene expression associated with Ca2+ signaling in the CDPK and SOS pathways. The ZmSCIL76 allele from Z. perennis, however, can mitigate this negative regulatory effect. These results provide valuable insights and genetic resources for future maize salt tolerance breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiangqiang Ma
- Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pingliang, China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Animal Feeding and Management Department, Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyang Du
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyu Luo
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangyuan Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingzheng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyu He
- Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Urban and Rural Planning and Construction, Mianyang Teachers’ College, Mianyang, China
| | - Mingjun Cheng
- College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianmei He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qilin Tang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Liang X, Li J, Yang Y, Jiang C, Guo Y. Designing salt stress-resilient crops: Current progress and future challenges. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:303-329. [PMID: 38108117 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production worldwide. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical significance. In recent decades, studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant species. These studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant crops. This review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance, emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance, salt-ion transport and compartmentalization, oxidative stress tolerance, alkaline stress tolerance, and the trade-off between growth and salt tolerance. We also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient crops. We focus on the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the four most-studied crops: rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100194, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Xiao S, Yang D, Li F, Tian X, Li Z. The EIN3/EIL-ERF9-HAK5 transcriptional cascade positively regulates high-affinity K + uptake in Gossypium hirsutum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2090-2107. [PMID: 38168024 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
High-affinity K+ (HAK) transporters play essential roles in facilitating root K+ uptake in higher plants. Our previous studies revealed that GhHAK5a, a member of the HAK family, is crucial for K+ uptake in upland cotton. Nevertheless, the precise regulatory mechanism governing the expression of GhHAK5a remains unclear. The yeast one-hybrid screening was performed to identify the transcription factors responsible for regulating GhHAK5a, and ethylene response factor 9 (GhERF9) was identified as a potential candidate. Subsequent dual-luciferase and electrophoretic mobility shift assays confirmed that GhERF9 binds directly to the GhHAK5a promoter, thereby activating its expression. Silencing of GhERF9 decreased the expression of GhHAK5a and exacerbated K+ deficiency symptoms in leaves, also decreased K+ uptake rate and K+ content in roots. Additionally, it was observed that the application of ethephon (an ethylene-releasing reagent) resulted in a significant upregulation of GhERF9 and GhHAK5a, accompanied by an increased rate of K+ uptake. Expectedly, GhEIN3b and GhEIL3c, the two key components involved in ethylene signaling, bind directly to the GhERF9 promoter. These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the expression of GhHAK5a and ethylene-mediated K+ uptake and suggest a potential strategy to genetically enhance cotton K+ uptake by exploiting the EIN3/EILs-ERF9-HAK5 module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Doudou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fangjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan Xilu, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
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Zhou X, Ma Y, Miao R, Li C, Liu Z, Zhang D, Chen S, Luo J, Tang W. Physiological responses and transcriptomic analysis of StCPD gene overexpression in potato under salt stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1297812. [PMID: 38434433 PMCID: PMC10906663 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1297812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), one of the most vital food crops worldwide, is sensitive to salinity. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are crucial in tolerance to various abiotic stresses. The constitutive photomorphogenesis and dwarf (CPD) gene encodes C-3 oxidase, which is a rate-limiting enzyme that controls the synthesis of BRs. Methods In this study, we used StCPD gene overexpression (T) and un-transgenic (NT) plants obtained from our former research to illustrate adaptive resistance to salt stress at levels of phenotype; cell ultrastructure, physiology, and biochemistry; hormone; and transcription. Results Results showed the accumulation of 2,4-epibrassionolide (EBL) in T potatoes. We found that under high salt situations, the changed Na+/K+ transporter gene expression was linked with the prevalent ionic responses in T plants, which led to lower concentrations of K+ and higher concentrations of Na+ in leaves. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data elucidated that gene expressions in NT and T plants were significantly changed with 200-mM NaCl treatment for 24 h and 48 h, compared with the 0-h treatment. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that most of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were related to the regulation of BR-related gene expression, pigment metabolism process, light and action, and plant hormone signal transduction. Discussion These findings suggested that StCPD gene overexpression can alleviate the damage caused by salt stress and enhance the salt resistance of potato plantlets. Our study provides an essential reference for further research on BR regulation of plant molecular mechanisms in potatoes with stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Caijuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ziliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sijin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi Luo
- Qinzhou District Agricultural Technology Comprehensive Service Center in Tianshui City, Tianshui, China
| | - Wenhui Tang
- Zhuanglang Agricultural Technology Extension Center in Pingliang City, Pingliang, China
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Du L, Ding L, Huang X, Tang D, Chen B, Tian H, Kang Z, Mao H. Natural variation in a K + -preferring HKT transporter contributes to wheat shoot K + accumulation and salt tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:540-556. [PMID: 37876337 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity can adversely affect crop growth and yield, and an improved understanding of the genetic factors that confer salt tolerance could inform breeding strategies to engineer salt-tolerant crops and improve productivity. Here, a group of K+ -preferring HKT transporters, TaHKT8, TaHKT9 and TaHKT10, were identified and negatively regulate the wheat shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) and candidate gene association analysis further revealed that TaHKT9-B substantially underlies the natural variation of wheat shoot K+ accumulation under saline soil conditions. Specifically, an auxin responsive element (ARE) within an 8-bp insertion in the promoter of TaHKT9-B is strongly associated with shoot K+ content among wheat accessions. This ARE can be directly bound by TaARF4 for transcriptional activation of TaHKT9-B, which subsequently attenuates shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. Moreover, the tae-miR390/TaTAS3/TaARF4 pathway was identified to regulate the salt-induced root development and salt tolerance in wheat. Taken together, our study describes the genetic basis and accompanying mechanism driving phenotypic variation in wheat shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. The identified tae-miR390/TaTAS3/TaARF4/TaHKT9-B module is an important regulator in wheat subjected to salt stress, which provides the potentially important genetic resources for breeders to improve wheat salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Yangling Seed Industry Innovation Center, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hude Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Zhou H, Shi H, Yang Y, Feng X, Chen X, Xiao F, Lin H, Guo Y. Insights into plant salt stress signaling and tolerance. J Genet Genomics 2024; 51:16-34. [PMID: 37647984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is an essential environmental stressor, threatening agricultural yield and ecological security worldwide. Saline soils accumulate excessive soluble salts which are detrimental to most plants by limiting plant growth and productivity. It is of great necessity for plants to efficiently deal with the adverse effects caused by salt stress for survival and successful reproduction. Multiple determinants of salt tolerance have been identified in plants, and the cellular and physiological mechanisms of plant salt response and adaption have been intensely characterized. Plants respond to salt stress signals and rapidly initiate signaling pathways to re-establish cellular homeostasis with adjusted growth and cellular metabolism. This review summarizes the advances in salt stress perception, signaling, and response in plants. A better understanding of plant salt resistance will contribute to improving crop performance under saline conditions using multiple engineering approaches. The rhizosphere microbiome-mediated plant salt tolerance as well as chemical priming for enhanced plant salt resistance are also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huapeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China.
| | - Haifan Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xixian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Song H, Cao Y, Zhao X, Zhang L. Na+-preferential ion transporter HKT1;1 mediates salt tolerance in blueberry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:511-529. [PMID: 37757893 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major environmental factor constraining growth and productivity of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum). Leaf Na+ content is associated with variation in salt tolerance among blueberry cultivars; however, the determinants and mechanisms conferring leaf Na+ exclusion are unknown. Here, we observed that the blueberry cultivar 'Duke' was more tolerant than 'Sweetheart' and accumulated less Na+ in leaves under salt stress conditions. Through transcript profiling, we identified a member of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family in blueberry, VcHKT1;1, as a candidate gene involved in leaf Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance. VcHKT1;1 encodes a Na+-preferential transporter localized to the plasma membrane and is preferentially expressed in the root stele. Heterologous expression of VcHKT1;1 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) rescued the salt hypersensitivity phenotype of the athkt1 mutant. Decreased VcHKT1;1 transcript levels in blueberry plants expressing antisense-VcHKT1;1 led to increased Na+ concentrations in xylem sap and higher leaf Na+ contents compared with wild-type plants, indicating that VcHKT1;1 promotes leaf Na+ exclusion by retrieving Na+ from xylem sap. A naturally occurring 8-bp insertion in the promoter increased the transcription level of VcHKT1;1, thus promoting leaf Na+ exclusion and blueberry salt tolerance. Collectively, we provide evidence that VcHKT1;1 promotes leaf Na+ exclusion and propose natural variation in VcHKT1;1 will be valuable for breeding Na+-tolerant blueberry cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Key Laboratory of Forest Silviculture and Conservation of the Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry, College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
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Yang W, Liu X, Yu S, Liu J, Jiang L, Lu X, Liu Y, Zhang J, Li X, Zhang S. The maize ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ZmMRPA6 confers cold and salt stress tolerance in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 43:13. [PMID: 38135780 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE ZmMRPA6 was cloned and characterized as the first ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter in maize to be proven to participate in cold and salt tolerance. Homologous genes AtABCC4 and AtABCC14 of ZmMRPA6 also responded to salt stress. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) proteins are major transmembrane transporters that play significant roles in plant development against various abiotic stresses. However, available information regarding stress-related ABC genes in maize is minimal. In this study, a maize ABC transporter gene, ZmMRPA6, was identified through genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) for cold tolerance in maize seeds germination and functionally characterized. During germination and seedling stages, the zmmrpa6 mutant exhibited enhanced resistance to cold or salt stress. Mutated of ZmMRPA6 did not affect the expression of downstream response genes related cold or salt response at the transcriptional level. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that most of the differential proteins between zmmrpa6 and wild-type plants were involved in response to stress process including oxidative reduction, hydrolase activity, small molecule metabolism, and photosynthesis process. Meanwhile, the plants which lack the ZmMRPA6 homologous genes AtABCC4 or AtABCC14 were sensitive to salt stress in Arabidopsis. These results indicated that ZmMRPA6 and its homologous genes play a conserved role in cold and salt stress, and functional differentiation occurs in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. In summary, these findings dramatically improved our understanding of the function of ABC transporters resistance to abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Shaowei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jisheng Liu
- Institute of Molecular Breeding for Maize, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Lijun Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiaoduo Lu
- Institute of Molecular Breeding for Maize, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Yinggao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Jiedao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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11
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Lindberg S, Premkumar A. Ion Changes and Signaling under Salt Stress in Wheat and Other Important Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:46. [PMID: 38202354 PMCID: PMC10780558 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High concentrations of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), calcium (Ca2+), and sulphate (SO42-) are frequently found in saline soils. Crop plants cannot successfully develop and produce because salt stress impairs the uptake of Ca2+, potassium (K+), and water into plant cells. Different intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations change with salinity, including those of Ca2+, K+, and protons. These cations serve as stress signaling molecules in addition to being essential for ionic homeostasis and nutrition. Maintaining an appropriate K+:Na+ ratio is one crucial plant mechanism for salt tolerance, which is a complicated trait. Another important mechanism is the ability for fast extrusion of Na+ from the cytosol. Ca2+ is established as a ubiquitous secondary messenger, which transmits various stress signals into metabolic alterations that cause adaptive responses. When plants are under stress, the cytosolic-free Ca2+ concentration can rise to 10 times or more from its resting level of 50-100 nanomolar. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to the Ca2+ alterations and are produced by stress. Depending on the type, frequency, and intensity of the stress, the cytosolic Ca2+ signals oscillate, are transient, or persist for a longer period and exhibit specific "signatures". Both the influx and efflux of Ca2+ affect the length and amplitude of the signal. According to several reports, under stress Ca2+ alterations can occur not only in the cytoplasm of the cell but also in the cell walls, nucleus, and other cell organelles and the Ca2+ waves propagate through the whole plant. Here, we will focus on how wheat and other important crops absorb Na+, K+, and Cl- when plants are under salt stress, as well as how Ca2+, K+, and pH cause intracellular signaling and homeostasis. Similar mechanisms in the model plant Arabidopsis will also be considered. Knowledge of these processes is important for understanding how plants react to salinity stress and for the development of tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Lindberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Premkumar
- Bharathiyar Group of Institutes, Guduvanchery 603202, Tamilnadu, India;
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12
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Yang M, Chen S, Huang Z, Gao S, Yu T, Du T, Zhang H, Li X, Liu CM, Chen S, Li H. Deep learning-enabled discovery and characterization of HKT genes in Spartina alterniflora. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:690-705. [PMID: 37494542 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Spartina alterniflora is a halophyte that can survive in high-salinity environments, and it is phylogenetically close to important cereal crops, such as maize and rice. It is of scientific interest to understand why S. alterniflora can live under such extremely stressful conditions. The molecular mechanism underlying its high-saline tolerance is still largely unknown. Here we investigated the possibility that high-affinity K+ transporters (HKTs), which function in salt tolerance and maintenance of ion homeostasis in plants, are responsible for salt tolerance in S. alterniflora. To overcome the imprecision and unstable of the gene screening method caused by the conventional sequence alignment, we used a deep learning method, DeepGOPlus, to automatically extract sequence and protein characteristics from our newly assemble S. alterniflora genome to identify SaHKTs. Results showed that a total of 16 HKT genes were identified. The number of S. alterniflora HKTs (SaHKTs) is larger than that in all other investigated plant species except wheat. Phylogenetically related SaHKT members had similar gene structures, conserved protein domains and cis-elements. Expression profiling showed that most SaHKT genes are expressed in specific tissues and are differentially expressed under salt stress. Yeast complementation expression analysis showed that type I members SaHKT1;2, SaHKT1;3 and SaHKT1;8 and type II members SaHKT2;1, SaHKT2;3 and SaHKT2;4 had low-affinity K+ uptake ability and that type II members showed stronger K+ affinity than rice and Arabidopsis HKTs, as well as most SaHKTs showed preference for Na+ transport. We believe the deep learning-based methods are powerful approaches to uncovering new functional genes, and the SaHKT genes identified are important resources for breeding new varieties of salt-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Shoukun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Zhangping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Shang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Tingxi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Tingting Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular & Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Nanfan Research Institute, CAAS, Sanya, Hainan, China
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13
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Gu S, Han S, Abid M, Bai D, Lin M, Sun L, Qi X, Zhong Y, Fang J. A High-K + Affinity Transporter (HKT) from Actinidia valvata Is Involved in Salt Tolerance in Kiwifruit. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15737. [PMID: 37958739 PMCID: PMC10647804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion transport is crucial for salt tolerance in plants. Under salt stress, the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) family is mainly responsible for the long-distance transport of salt ions which help to reduce the deleterious effects of high concentrations of ions accumulated within plants. Kiwifruit is well known for its susceptibility to salt stress. Therefore, a current study was designed to decipher the molecular regulatory role of kiwifruit HKT members in the face of salt stress. The transcriptome data from Actinidia valvata revealed that salt stress significantly induced the expression of AvHKT1. A multiple sequence alignment analysis indicated that the AvHKT1 protein contains three conserved amino acid sites for the HKT family. According to subcellular localization analysis, the protein was primarily present in the cell membrane and nucleus. Additionally, we tested the AvHKT1 overexpression in 'Hongyang' kiwifruit, and the results showed that the transgenic lines exhibited less leaf damage and improved plant growth compared to the control plants. The transgenic lines displayed significantly higher SPAD and Fv/Fm values than the control plants. The MDA contents of transgenic lines were also lower than that of the control plants. Furthermore, the transgenic lines accumulated lower Na+ and K+ contents, proving this protein involvement in the transport of Na+ and K+ and classification as a type II HKT transporter. Further research showed that the peroxidase (POD) activity in the transgenic lines was significantly higher, indicating that the salt-induced overexpression of AvHKT1 also scavenged POD. The promoter of AvHKT1 contained phytohormone and abiotic stress-responsive cis-elements. In a nutshell, AvHKT1 improved kiwifruit tolerance to salinity by facilitating ion transport under salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yunpeng Zhong
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (S.G.); (S.H.); (M.A.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (L.S.); (X.Q.)
| | - Jinbao Fang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (S.G.); (S.H.); (M.A.); (D.B.); (M.L.); (L.S.); (X.Q.)
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14
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Yang Z, Cao Y, Shi Y, Qin F, Jiang C, Yang S. Genetic and molecular exploration of maize environmental stress resilience: Toward sustainable agriculture. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1496-1517. [PMID: 37464740 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change exacerbates the effects of environmental stressors, such as drought, flooding, extreme temperatures, salinity, and alkalinity, on crop growth and grain yield, threatening the sustainability of the food supply. Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most widely cultivated crops and the most abundant grain crop in production worldwide. However, the stability of maize yield is highly dependent on environmental conditions. Recently, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying maize responses to environmental stresses and in developing stress-resilient varieties due to advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies, multi-omics analysis platforms, and automated phenotyping facilities. In this review, we summarize recent advances in dissecting the genetic factors and networks that contribute to maize abiotic stress tolerance through diverse strategies. We also discuss future challenges and opportunities for the development of climate-resilient maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yiting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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15
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Li J, Zhu Q, Jiao F, Yan Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Ding Z, Mu C, Liu X, Li Y, Chen J, Wang M. Research Progress on the Mechanism of Salt Tolerance in Maize: A Classic Field That Needs New Efforts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2356. [PMID: 37375981 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Maize is the most important cereal crop globally. However, in recent years, maize production faced numerous challenges from environmental factors due to the changing climate. Salt stress is among the major environmental factors that negatively impact crop productivity worldwide. To cope with salt stress, plants developed various strategies, such as producing osmolytes, increasing antioxidant enzyme activity, maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis, and regulating ion transport. This review provides an overview of the intricate relationships between salt stress and several plant defense mechanisms, including osmolytes, antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, plant hormones, and ions (Na+, K+, Cl-), which are critical for salt tolerance in maize. It addresses the regulatory strategies and key factors involved in salt tolerance, aiming to foster a comprehensive understanding of the salt tolerance regulatory networks in maize. These new insights will also pave the way for further investigations into the significance of these regulations in elucidating how maize coordinates its defense system to resist salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qinglin Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Fuchao Jiao
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Dryland-Technology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhenwei Yan
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Dryland-Technology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yumei Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Dryland-Technology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Zhaohua Ding
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chunhua Mu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jingtang Chen
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Dryland-Technology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ming Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
- Dryland-Technology Key Laboratory of Shandong Province, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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16
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Mei X, Zhao Z, Bai Y, Yang Q, Gan Y, Wang W, Li C, Wang J, Cai Y. Salt Tolerant Gene 1 contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem II activity in maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1833-1848. [PMID: 36891878 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major environmental factor limiting crop growth and productivity. Here, we show that Salt-Tolerant Gene 1 (ZmSTG1) contributes to salt tolerance by maintaining photosystem activity in maize. ZmSTG1 encodes an endoplasmic reticulum localized protein and retrotransposon insertion in the promoter region causes differential expression levels in maize inbred lines. Overexpression of ZmSTG1 improved plant growth vigor, and knockout of ZmSTG1 weakened plant growth under normal and salt stress conditions. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses indicated that ZmSTG1 might regulate the expression of lipid trafficking-related genes dependent on the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, thereby increasing the galactolipids and phospholipid concentrations in the photosynthetic membrane under salt stress. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters showed that the knockout of ZmSTG1 led to significant impairment of plant photosystem II (PSII) activity under normal and salt stress conditions, whereas overexpression of ZmSTG1 dramatically improved plant PSII activity under salt stress conditions. We also demonstrated that the application of the salt-tolerant locus could enhance salt tolerance in hybrid maize plants. Taken together, we propose that ZmSTG1 may modulate the lipid composition in the photosynthetic membrane by affecting the expression of lipid trafficking-related genes to maintain the photosynthetic activity of plants under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiupeng Mei
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zikun Zhao
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiuyue Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuling Gan
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenqin Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiuguang Wang
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yilin Cai
- Maize Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
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17
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Nieves-Cordones M, Amo J, Hurtado-Navarro L, Martínez-Martínez A, Martínez V, Rubio F. Inhibition of SlSKOR by SlCIPK23-SlCBL1/9 uncovers CIPK-CBL-target network rewiring in land plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2495-2511. [PMID: 36967582 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Transport of K+ to the xylem is a key process in the mineral nutrition of the shoots. Although CIPK-CBL complexes have been widely shown to regulate K+ uptake transport systems, no information is available about the xylem ones. Here, we studied the physiological roles of the voltage-gated K+ channel SlSKOR and its regulation by the SlCIPK23-SlCBL1/9 complexes in tomato plants. We phenotyped gene-edited slskor and slcipk23 tomato knockout mutants and carried out two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) and BiFC assays in Xenopus oocytes as key approaches. SlSKOR was preferentially expressed in the root stele and was important not only for K+ transport to shoots but also, indirectly, for that of Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Na+ , NO3 - , and Cl- . Surprisingly, the SlCIPK23-SlCBL1/9 complexes turned out to be negative regulators of SlSKOR. Inhibition of SlSKOR by SlCIPK23-SlCBL1/9 was observed in Xenopus oocytes and tomato plants. Regulation of SKOR-like channels by CIPK23-CBL1 complexes was also present in Medicago, grapevine, and lettuce but not in Arabidopsis and saltwater cress. Our results provide a molecular framework for coordinating root K+ uptake and its translocation to the shoot by SlCIPK23-SlCBL1/9 in tomato plants. Moreover, they evidenced that CIPK-CBL-target networks have evolved differently in land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nieves-Cordones
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Jesús Amo
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Laura Hurtado-Navarro
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Almudena Martínez-Martínez
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | - Francisco Rubio
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, 30100, Spain
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18
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Zhao Z, Zheng H, Wang M, Guo Y, Wang Y, Zheng C, Tao Y, Sun X, Qian D, Cao G, Zhu M, Liang M, Wang M, Gong Y, Li B, Wang J, Sun Y. Reshifting Na + from Shoots into Long Roots Is Associated with Salt Tolerance in Two Contrasting Inbred Maize ( Zea mays L.) Lines. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1952. [PMID: 37653869 PMCID: PMC10220590 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Maize, as a glycophyte, is hypersensitive to salinity, but the salt response mechanism of maize remains unclear. In this study, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of two contrasting inbred lines, the salt-tolerant QXH0121 and salt-sensitive QXN233 lines, were investigated in response to salt stress. Under salt stress, the tolerant QXH0121 line exhibited good performance, while in the sensitive QXN233 line, there were negative effects on the growth of the leaves and roots. The most important finding was that QXH0121 could reshift Na+ from shoots into long roots, migrate excess Na+ in shoots to alleviate salt damage to shoots, and also improve K+ retention in shoots, which were closely associated with the enhanced expression levels of ZmHAK1 and ZmNHX1 in QXH0121 compared to those in QXN233 under salt stress. Additionally, QXH0121 leaves accumulated more proline, soluble protein, and sugar contents and had higher SOD activity levels than those observed in QXN233, which correlated with the upregulation of ZmP5CR, ZmBADH, ZmTPS1, and ZmSOD4 in QXH0121 leaves. These were the main causes of the higher salt tolerance of QXH0121 in contrast to QXN233. These results broaden our knowledge about the underlying mechanism of salt tolerance in different maize varieties, providing novel insights into breeding maize with a high level of salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyang Zhao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Hongxia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Minghao Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaning Guo
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yingfei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Chaoli Zheng
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Ye Tao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Xiaofeng Sun
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Dandan Qian
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Guanglong Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Mengqian Zhu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Mengting Liang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Mei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yan Gong
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Bingxiao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jinye Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Yanling Sun
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Z.Z.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (Y.W.); (C.Z.); (Y.T.); (X.S.); (D.Q.); (G.C.); (M.Z.); (M.L.); (M.W.); (Y.G.); (B.L.); (J.W.)
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19
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Yin P, Liang X, Zhao H, Xu Z, Chen L, Yang X, Qin F, Zhang J, Jiang C. Cytokinin signaling promotes salt tolerance by modulating shoot chloride exclusion in maize. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023:S1674-2052(23)00109-0. [PMID: 37101396 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of chloride (Cl-) in the aboveground tissues under saline conditions is harmful to crops. Increasing the exclusion of Cl- from shoots promotes salt tolerance in various crops. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that a type A response regulator (ZmRR1) modulates Cl- exclusion from shoots and underlies natural variation of salt tolerance in maize. ZmRR1 negatively regulates cytokinin signaling and salt tolerance, likely by interacting with and inhibiting His phosphotransfer (HP) proteins that are key mediators of cytokinin signaling. A naturally occurring non-synonymous SNP variant enhances the interaction between ZmRR1 and ZmHP2, conferring maize plants with a salt-hypersensitive phenotype. We found that ZmRR1 undergoes degradation under saline conditions, leading to the release of ZmHP2 from ZmRR1 inhibition, and subsequently ZmHP2-mediated signaling improves salt tolerance primarily by promoting Cl- exclusion from shoots. Furthermore, we showed that ZmMATE29 is transcriptionally upregulated by ZmHP2-mediated signaling under highly saline conditions and encodes a tonoplast-located Cl- transporter that promotes Cl- exclusion from shoots by compartmentalizing Cl- into the vacuoles of root cortex cells. Collectively, our study provides an important mechanistic understanding of the cytokinin signaling-mediated promotion of Cl- exclusion from shoots and salt tolerance and suggests that genetic modification to promote Cl- exclusion from shoots is a promising route for developing salt-tolerant maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hanshu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhipeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Limei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Outstanding Discipline Program for the Universities in Beijing, Beijing 100094, China.
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20
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Zhu Y, Ren Y, Liu J, Liang W, Zhang Y, Shen F, Ling J, Zhang C. New Genes Identified as Modulating Salt Tolerance in Maize Seedlings Using the Combination of Transcriptome Analysis and BSA. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1331. [PMID: 36987019 PMCID: PMC10053919 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Salt stress is an abiotic factor that limits maize yield and quality. A highly salt-tolerance inbred AS5 and a salt-sensitive inbred NX420 collected from Ningxia Province, China, were used to identify new genes for modulating salt resistance in maize. (2) Methods: To understand the different molecular bases of salt tolerance in AS5 and NX420, we performed BSA-seq using an F2 population for two extreme bulks derived from the cross between AS5 and NX420. Transcriptomic analysis was also conducted for AS5 and NX420 at the seedling stage after treatment with 150 mM of NaCl for 14 days. (3) Results: AS5 had a higher biomass and lower Na+ content than NX420 in the seedling stage after treatment with 150 mM NaCl for 14 days. One hundred and six candidate regions for salt tolerance were mapped on all of the chromosomes through BSA-seq using F2 in an extreme population. Based on the polymorphisms identified between both parents, we detected 77 genes. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the seedling stage under salt stress between these two inbred lines were detected using transcriptome sequencing. GO analysis indicated that 925 and 686 genes were significantly enriched in the integral component of the membrane of AS5 and NX420, respectively. Among these results, two and four DEGs were identified as overlapping in these two inbred lines using BSA-seq and transcriptomic analysis, respectively. Two genes (Zm00001d053925 and Zm00001d037181) were detected in both AS5 and NX420; the transcription level of Zm00001d053925 was induced to be significantly higher in AS5 than in NX420 (41.99 times versus 6.06 times after 150 mM of NaCl treatment for 48 h), while the expression of Zm00001d037181 showed no significant difference upon salt treatment in both lines. The functional annotation of the new candidate genes showed that it was an unknown function protein. (4) Conclusions: Zm00001d053925 is a new functional gene responding to salt stress in the seedling stage, which provides an important genetic resource for salt-tolerant maize breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Zhu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Agricultural Biotechnology Center, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ji’an Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wenguang Liang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fengyuan Shen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiang Ling
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chunyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Sanya Institute, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572000, China
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21
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Li X, Wang X, Ma Q, Zhong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Li Y, He R, Zhou Y, Li Y, Cheng M, Yan X, Li Y, He J, Iqbal MZ, Rong T, Tang Q. Integrated single-molecule real-time sequencing and RNA sequencing reveal the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in a novel synthesized polyploid genetic bridge between maize and its wild relatives. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:55. [PMID: 36717785 PMCID: PMC9887930 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripsacum dactyloides (2n = 4x = 72) and Zea perennis (2n = 4x = 40) are tertiary gene pools of Zea mays L. and exhibit many abiotic adaptations absent in modern maize, especially salt tolerance. A previously reported allopolyploid (hereafter referred to as MTP, 2n = 74) synthesized using Zea mays, Tripsacum dactyloides, and Zea perennis has even stronger salt tolerance than Z. perennis and T. dactyloides. This allopolyploid will be a powerful genetic bridge for the genetic improvement of maize. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its salt tolerance, as well as the key genes involved in regulating its salt tolerance, remain unclear. RESULTS Single-molecule real-time sequencing and RNA sequencing were used to identify the genes involved in salt tolerance and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms. Based on the SMRT-seq results, we obtained 227,375 reference unigenes with an average length of 2300 bp; most of the unigenes were annotated to Z. mays sequences (76.5%) in the NR database. Moreover, a total of 484 and 1053 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the leaves and roots, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that multiple pathways responded to salt stress, including "Flavonoid biosynthesis," "Oxidoreductase activity," and "Plant hormone signal transduction" in the leaves and roots, and "Iron ion binding," "Acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity," and "Serine-type carboxypeptidase activity" in the roots. Transcription factors, such as those in the WRKY, B3-ARF, and bHLH families, and cytokinin negatively regulators negatively regulated the salt stress response. According to the results of the short time series-expression miner analysis, proteins involved in "Spliceosome" and "MAPK signal pathway" dynamically responded to salt stress as salinity changed. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed that heat shock proteins play a role in the large interaction network regulating salt tolerance. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of MTP in the response to salt stress and abundant salt-tolerance-related unigenes. These findings will aid the retrieval of lost alleles in modern maize and provide a new approach for using T. dactyloides and Z. perennis to improve maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Li
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Xingyu Wang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Qiangqiang Ma
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yunfeng Zhong
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yibo Zhang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Ping Zhang
- grid.452857.9Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 61130 China
| | - Yingzheng Li
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Ruyu He
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yang Zhou
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Yang Li
- Mianyang Teachers’ College School of Urban and Rural Construction and Planning, Mianyany, 621000 China
| | - Mingjun Cheng
- grid.412723.10000 0004 0604 889XInstitute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Xu Yan
- grid.465230.60000 0004 1777 7721Sericulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchong, 637000 China
| | - Yan Li
- grid.465230.60000 0004 1777 7721Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 611041 China
| | - Jianmei He
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Tingzhao Rong
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
| | - Qilin Tang
- grid.80510.3c0000 0001 0185 3134Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130 China
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22
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Zhang M, Li Y, Liang X, Lu M, Lai J, Song W, Jiang C. A teosinte-derived allele of an HKT1 family sodium transporter improves salt tolerance in maize. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 21:97-108. [PMID: 36114820 PMCID: PMC9829394 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The sodium cation (Na+ ) is the predominant cation with deleterious effects on crops in salt-affected agricultural areas. Salt tolerance of crop can be improved by increasing shoot Na+ exclusion. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and use genetic variants of various crops that promote shoot Na+ exclusion. Here, we show that a HKT1 family gene ZmNC3 (Zea mays L. Na+ Content 3; designated ZmHKT1;2) confers natural variability in shoot-Na+ accumulation and salt tolerance in maize. ZmHKT1;2 encodes a Na+ -preferential transporter localized in the plasma membrane, which mediates shoot Na+ exclusion, likely by withdrawing Na+ from the root xylem flow. A naturally occurring nonsynonymous SNP (SNP947-G) increases the Na+ transport activity of ZmHKT1;2, promoting shoot Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance in maize. SNP947-G first occurred in the wild grass teosinte (at a allele frequency of 43%) and has become a minor allele in the maize population (allele frequency 6.1%), suggesting that SNP947-G is derived from teosinte and that the genomic region flanking SNP947 likely has undergone selection during domestication or post-domestication dispersal of maize. Moreover, we demonstrate that introgression of the SNP947-G ZmHKT1;2 allele into elite maize germplasms reduces shoot Na+ content by up to 80% and promotes salt tolerance. Taken together, ZmNC3/ZmHKT1;2 was identified as an important QTL promoting shoot Na+ exclusion, and its favourable allele provides an effective tool for developing salt-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yidan Li
- Agro‐Biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchunChina
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Minhui Lu
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Weibin Song
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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23
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Cao Y, Song H, Zhang L. New Insight into Plant Saline-Alkali Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416048. [PMID: 36555693 PMCID: PMC9781758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a widespread adversity that severely affects plant growth and productivity. Saline-alkaline soils are characterized by high salt content and high pH values, which simultaneously cause combined damage from osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, high pH and HCO3-/CO32- stress. In recent years, many determinants of salt tolerance have been identified and their regulatory mechanisms are fairly well understood. However, the mechanism by which plants respond to comprehensive saline-alkali stress remains largely unknown. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants tolerance to salinity or salt- alkali stress. Focused on the progress made in elucidating the regulation mechanisms adopted by plants in response to saline-alkali stress and present some new views on the understanding of plants in the face of comprehensive stress. Plants generally promote saline-alkali tolerance by maintaining pH and Na+ homeostasis, while the plants responding to HCO3-/CO32- stress are not exactly the same as high pH stress. We proposed that pH-tolerant or sensitive plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to adapt to saline-alkaline stress. Finally, we highlight the areas that require further research to reveal the new components of saline-alkali tolerance in plants and present the current and potential application of key determinants in breed improvement and molecular breeding.
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24
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Han QQ, Wang YP, Li J, Li J, Yin XC, Jiang XY, Yu M, Wang SM, Shabala S, Zhang JL. The mechanistic basis of sodium exclusion in Puccinellia tenuiflora under conditions of salinity and potassium deprivation. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:322-338. [PMID: 35979653 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a significant threat to global agriculture. Understanding salt exclusion mechanisms in halophyte species may be instrumental in improving salt tolerance in crops. Puccinellia tenuiflora is a typical salt-excluding halophytic grass often found in potassium-deprived saline soils. Our previous work showed that P. tenuiflora possesses stronger selectivity for K+ than for Na+ ; however, the mechanistic basis of this phenomenon remained elusive. Here, P. tenuiflora PutHKT1;5 was cloned and the functions of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 were characterized using heterologous expression systems. Yeast assays showed that PutHKT1;5 possessed Na+ transporting capacity and was highly selective for Na+ over K+ . PutSOS1 was located at the plasma membrane and operated as a Na+ /K+ exchanger, with much stronger Na+ extrusion capacity than its homolog from Arabidopsis. PutHKT2;1 mediated high-affinity K+ and Na+ uptake and its expression levels were upregulated by mild salinity and K+ deprivation. Salinity-induced changes of root PutHKT1;5 and PutHKT1;4 transcript levels matched the expression pattern of root PutSOS1, which was consistent with root Na+ efflux. The transcript levels of root PutHKT2;1 and PutAKT1 were downregulated by salinity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the functional activity of PutHKT1;5 and PutSOS1 in P. tenuiflora roots is fine-tuned under saline conditions as well as by operation of other ion transporters/channel (PutHKT1;4, PutHKT2;1, and PutAKT1). This leads to the coordination of radial Na+ and K+ transport processes, their loading to the xylem, or Na+ retrieval and extrusion under conditions of mild salinity and/or K+ deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Chang Yin
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Yu Jiang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, P. R. China
| | - Min Yu
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Suo-Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
| | - Sergey Shabala
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, TAS 7001, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730020, P. R. China
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
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25
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Imran S, Oyama M, Horie R, Kobayashi NI, Costa A, Kumano R, Hirata C, Tran STH, Katsuhara M, Tanoi K, Kohchi T, Ishizaki K, Horie T. Distinct Functions of the Atypical Terminal Hydrophilic Domain of the HKT Transporter in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:802-816. [PMID: 35380735 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
K+/Na+ homeostasis is important for land plants, particularly under salt stress. In this study, the structure and ion transport properties of the high-affinity K+ transporter (HKT) of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha were investigated. Only one HKT gene, MpHKT1, was identified in the genome of M. polymorpha. Phylogenetic analysis of HKT proteins revealed that non-seed plants possess HKTs grouped into a clade independent of the other two clades including HKTs of angiosperms. A distinct long hydrophilic domain was found in the C-terminus of MpHKT1. Complementary DNA (cDNA) of truncated MpHKT1 (t-MpHKT1) encoding the MpHKT_Δ596-812 protein was used to examine the functions of the C-terminal domain. Both MpHKT1 transporters fused with enhanced green fluorescent protein at the N-terminus were localized to the plasma membrane when expressed in rice protoplasts. Two-electrode voltage clamp experiments using Xenopus laevis oocytes indicated that MpHKT1 mediated the transport of monovalent alkali cations with higher selectivity for Na+ and K+, but truncation of the C-terminal domain significantly reduced the transport activity with a decrease in the Na+ permeability. Overexpression of MpHKT1 or t-MpHKT1 in M. polymorpha conferred accumulation of higher Na+ levels and showed higher Na+ uptake rates, compared to those of wild-type plants; however, phenotypes with t-MpHKT1 were consistently weaker than those with MpHKT1. Together, these findings suggest that the hydrophilic C-terminal domain plays a unique role in the regulation of transport activity and ion selectivity of MpHKT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Imran
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046 Japan
- Department of Agronomy, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Masumi Oyama
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567 Japan
| | - Rie Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567 Japan
| | - Natsuko I Kobayashi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Ryosuke Kumano
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567 Japan
| | - Chiho Hirata
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501 Japan
| | - Sen Thi Huong Tran
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046 Japan
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue, Thua Thien Hue 530000, Vietnam
| | - Maki Katsuhara
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046 Japan
| | - Keitaro Tanoi
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Takayuki Kohchi
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567 Japan
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Cui H, Chen J, Liu M, Zhang H, Zhang S, Liu D, Chen S. Genome-Wide Analysis of C2H2 Zinc Finger Gene Family and Its Response to Cold and Drought Stress in Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105571. [PMID: 35628380 PMCID: PMC9146226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
C2H2 zinc finger protein (C2H2-ZFP) is one of the most important transcription factor families in higher plants. In this study, a total of 145 C2H2-ZFPs was identified in Sorghum bicolor and randomly distributed on 10 chromosomes. Based on the phylogenetic tree, these zinc finger gene family members were divided into 11 clades, and the gene structure and motif composition of SbC2H2-ZFPs in the same clade were similar. SbC2H2-ZFP members located in the same clade contained similar intron/exon and motif patterns. Thirty-three tandem duplicated SbC2H2-ZFPs and 24 pairs of segmental duplicated genes were identified. Moreover, synteny analysis showed that sorghum had more collinear regions with monocotyledonous plants such as maize and rice than did dicotyledons such as soybean and Arabidopsis. Furthermore, we used quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) to analyze the expression of C2H2-ZFPs in different organs and demonstrated that the genes responded to cold and drought. For example, Sobic.008G088842 might be activated by cold but is inhibited in drought in the stems and leaves. This work not only revealed an important expanded C2H2-ZFP gene family in Sorghum bicolor but also provides a research basis for determining the role of C2H2-ZFPs in sorghum development and abiotic stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.C.)
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Hongzhi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shuangxi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Shaolin Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (J.C.); (M.L.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (D.L.)
- Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.C.)
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HKT1;1 and HKT1;2 Na + Transporters from Solanum galapagense Play Different Roles in the Plant Na + Distribution under Salinity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095130. [PMID: 35563521 PMCID: PMC9103179 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt tolerance is a target trait in plant science and tomato breeding programs. Wild tomato accessions have been often explored for this purpose. Since shoot Na+/K+ is a key component of salt tolerance, RNAi-mediated knockdown isogenic lines obtained for Solanum galapagense alleles encoding both class I Na+ transporters HKT1;1 and HKT1;2 were used to investigate the silencing effects on the Na and K contents of the xylem sap, and source and sink organs of the scion, and their contribution to salt tolerance in all 16 rootstock/scion combinations of non-silenced and silenced lines, under two salinity treatments. The results show that SgHKT1;1 is operating differently from SgHKT1;2 regarding Na circulation in the tomato vascular system under salinity. A model was built to show that using silenced SgHKT1;1 line as rootstock would improve salt tolerance and fruit quality of varieties carrying the wild type SgHKT1;2 allele. Moreover, this increasing effect on both yield and fruit soluble solids content of silencing SgHKT1;1 could explain that a low expressing HKT1;1 variant was fixed in S. lycopersicum during domestication, and the paradox of increasing agronomic salt tolerance through silencing the HKT1;1 allele from S. galapagense, a salt adapted species.
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Liu C, Liao W. Potassium signaling in plant abiotic responses: Crosstalk with calcium and reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 173:110-121. [PMID: 35123248 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potassium ion (K+) has been regarded as an essential signaling in plant growth and development. K+ transporters and channels at transcription and protein levels have been made great progress. K+ can enhance plant abiotic stress resistance. Meanwhile, it is now clear that calcium (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) act as signaling molecules in plants. They regulate plant growth and development and mediate K+ transport. However, the interaction of K+ with these signaling molecules remains unclear. K+ may crosstalk with Ca2+ and ROS/RNS in abiotic stress responses in plants. Also, there are interactions among K+, Ca2+, and ROS/RNS signaling pathways in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. They regulate ion homeostasis, antioxidant system, and stress resistance-related gene expression in plants. Future work needs to focus on the deeper understanding of molecular mechanism of crosstalk among K+, Ca2+, and ROS/RNS under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
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Zhu M, Li Q, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Li Z. Glycine betaine increases salt tolerance in maize ( Zea mays L.) by regulating Na + homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:978304. [PMID: 36247603 PMCID: PMC9562920 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.978304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Improving crop salt tolerance is an adaptive measure to climate change for meeting future food demands. Previous studies have reported that glycine betaine (GB) plays critical roles as an osmolyte in enhancing plant salt resistance. However, the mechanism underlying the GB regulating plant Na+ homeostasis during response to salinity is poorly understood. In this study, hydroponically cultured maize with 125 mM NaCl for inducing salinity stress was treated with 100 μM GB. We found that treatment with GB improved the growth of maize plants under non-stressed (NS) and salinity-stressed (SS) conditions. Treatment with GB significantly maintained the properties of chlorophyll fluorescence, including Fv/Fm, ΦPSII, and ΦNPQ, and increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes for mitigating salt-induced growth inhibition. Moreover, GB decreased the Na+/K+ ratio primarily by reducing the accumulation of Na+ in plants. The results of NMT tests further confirmed that GB increased Na+ efflux from roots under SS condition, and fluorescence imaging of cellular Na+ suggested that GB reduced the cellular allocation of Na+. GB additionally increased Na+ efflux in leaf protoplasts under SS condition, and treatment with sodium orthovanadate, a plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase inhibitor, significantly alleviated the positive effects of GB on Na+ efflux under salt stress. GB significantly improved the vacuolar activity of NHX but had no significant effects on the activity of V type H+-ATPases. In addition, GB significantly upregulated the expression of the PM H+-ATPase genes, ZmMHA2 and ZmMHA4, and the Na+/H+ antiporter gene, ZmNHX1. While, the V type H+-ATPases gene, ZmVP1, was not significantly regulated by GB. Altogether these results indicate that GB regulates cellular Na+ homeostasis by enhancing PM H+-ATPases gene transcription and protein activities to improve maize salt tolerance. This study provided an extended understanding of the functions of GB in plant responses to salinity, which can help the development of supportive measures using GB for obtaining high maize yield in saline conditions.
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Ma L, Zhang M, Chen J, Qing C, He S, Zou C, Yuan G, Yang C, Peng H, Pan G, Lübberstedt T, Shen Y. GWAS and WGCNA uncover hub genes controlling salt tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:3305-3318. [PMID: 34218289 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-021-03897-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEYMESSAGE Two hub genes GRMZM2G075104 and GRMZM2G333183 involved in salt tolerance were identified by GWAS and WGCNA. Furthermore, they were verified to affect salt tolerance by candidate gene association analysis. Salt stress influences maize growth and development. To decode the genetic basis and hub genes controlling salt tolerance is a meaningful exploration for cultivating salt-tolerant maize varieties. Herein, we used an association panel consisting of 305 lines to identify the genetic loci responsible for Na+- and K+-related traits in maize seedlings. Under the salt stress, seven significant single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified using a genome-wide association study, and 120 genes were obtained by scanning the linkage disequilibrium regions of these loci. According to the transcriptome data of the above 120 genes under salinity treatment, we conducted a weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Combined the gene annotations, two SNaC/SKC (shoot Na+ content/shoot K+ content)-associated genes GRMZM2G075104 and GRMZM2G333183 were finally identified as the hub genes involved in salt tolerance. Subsequently, these two genes were verified to affect salt tolerance of maize seedlings by candidate gene association analysis. Haplotypes TTGTCCG-CT and CTT were determined as favorable/salt-tolerance haplotypes for GRMZM2G075104 and GRMZM2G333183, respectively. These findings provide novel insights into genetic architectures underlying maize salt tolerance and contribute to the cultivation of salt-tolerant varieties in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langlang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Minyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Chunyan Qing
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shijiang He
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chaoying Zou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Guangsheng Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Cong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hua Peng
- Sichuan Tourism College, Chengdu, 610100, China
| | - Guangtang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | | | - Yaou Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Razzaq A, Saleem F, Wani SH, Abdelmohsen SAM, Alyousef HA, Abdelbacki AMM, Alkallas FH, Tamam N, Elansary HO. De-novo Domestication for Improving Salt Tolerance in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:681367. [PMID: 34603347 PMCID: PMC8481614 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Global agriculture production is under serious threat from rapidly increasing population and adverse climate changes. Food security is currently a huge challenge to feed 10 billion people by 2050. Crop domestication through conventional approaches is not good enough to meet the food demands and unable to fast-track the crop yields. Also, intensive breeding and rigorous selection of superior traits causes genetic erosion and eliminates stress-responsive genes, which makes crops more prone to abiotic stresses. Salt stress is one of the most prevailing abiotic stresses that poses severe damages to crop yield around the globe. Recent innovations in state-of-the-art genomics and transcriptomics technologies have paved the way to develop salinity tolerant crops. De novo domestication is one of the promising strategies to produce superior new crop genotypes through exploiting the genetic diversity of crop wild relatives (CWRs). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies open new avenues to identifying the unique salt-tolerant genes from the CWRs. It has also led to the assembly of highly annotated crop pan-genomes to snapshot the full landscape of genetic diversity and recapture the huge gene repertoire of a species. The identification of novel genes alongside the emergence of cutting-edge genome editing tools for targeted manipulation renders de novo domestication a way forward for developing salt-tolerance crops. However, some risk associated with gene-edited crops causes hurdles for its adoption worldwide. Halophytes-led breeding for salinity tolerance provides an alternative strategy to identify extremely salt tolerant varieties that can be used to develop new crops to mitigate salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Saleem
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabir Hussain Wani
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Shaimaa A. M. Abdelmohsen
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa A. Alyousef
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fatemah H. Alkallas
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nissren Tamam
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Tian Q, Shen L, Luan J, Zhou Z, Guo D, Shen Y, Jing W, Zhang B, Zhang Q, Zhang W. Rice shaker potassium channel OsAKT2 positively regulates salt tolerance and grain yield by mediating K + redistribution. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:2951-2965. [PMID: 34008219 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining Na+ /K+ homeostasis is a critical feature for plant survival under salt stress, which depends on the operation of Na+ and K+ transporters. Although some K+ transporters mediating root K+ uptake have been reported to be essential to the maintenance of Na+ /K+ homeostasis, the effect of K+ long-distance translocation via phloem on plant salt tolerance remains unclear. Here, we provide physiological and genetic evidence of the involvement of phloem-localized OsAKT2 in rice salt tolerance. OsAKT2 is a K+ channel permeable to K+ but not to Na+ . Under salt stress, a T-DNA knock-out mutant, osakt2 and two CRISPR lines showed a more sensitive phenotype and higher Na+ accumulation than wild type. They also contained more K+ in shoots but less K+ in roots, showing higher Na+ /K+ ratios. Disruption of OsAKT2 decreases K+ concentration in phloem sap and inhibits shoot-to-root redistribution of K+ . In addition, OsAKT2 also regulates the translocation of K+ and sucrose from old leaves to young leaves, and affects grain shape and yield. These results indicate that OsAKT2-mediated K+ redistribution from shoots to roots contributes to maintenance of Na+ /K+ homeostasis and inhibition of root Na+ uptake, providing novel insights into the roles of K+ transporters in plant salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxiang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Like Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junxia Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhou
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongshu Guo
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baolong Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Comparative ribosome profiling reveals distinct translational landscapes of salt-sensitive and -tolerant rice. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:612. [PMID: 34384368 PMCID: PMC8359061 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07922-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinization represents a serious threat to global rice production. Although significant research has been conducted to understand salt stress at the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels, few studies have focused on the translatomic responses to this stress. Recent studies have suggested that transcriptional and translational responses to salt stress can often operate independently. RESULTS We sequenced RNA and ribosome-protected fragments (RPFs) from the salt-sensitive rice (O. sativa L.) cultivar 'Nipponbare' (NB) and the salt-tolerant cultivar 'Sea Rice 86' (SR86) under normal and salt stress conditions. A large discordance between salt-induced transcriptomic and translatomic alterations was found in both cultivars, with more translationally regulated genes being observed in SR86 in comparison to NB. A biased ribosome occupancy, wherein RPF depth gradually increased from the 5' ends to the 3' ends of coding regions, was revealed in NB and SR86. This pattern was strengthened by salt stress, particularly in SR86. On the contrary, the strength of ribosome stalling was accelerated in salt-stressed NB but decreased in SR86. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that translational reprogramming represents an important layer of salt stress responses in rice, and the salt-tolerant cultivar SR86 adopts a more flexible translationally adaptive strategy to cope with salt stress compared to the salt susceptible cultivar NB. The differences in translational dynamics between NB and SR86 may derive from their differing levels of ribosome stalling under salt stress.
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Liang X, Liu S, Wang T, Li F, Cheng J, Lai J, Qin F, Li Z, Wang X, Jiang C. Metabolomics-driven gene mining and genetic improvement of tolerance to salt-induced osmotic stress in maize. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2355-2370. [PMID: 33666235 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The farmland of the world's main corn-producing area is increasingly affected by salt stress. Therefore, the breeding of salt-tolerant cultivars is necessary for the long-term sustainability of global corn production. Previous studies have shown that natural maize varieties display a large diversity of salt tolerance, yet the genetic variants underlying such diversity remain poorly discovered and applied, especially those mediating the tolerance to salt-induced osmotic stress (SIOS). Here we report a metabolomics-driven understanding and genetic improvement of maize SIOS tolerance. Using a LC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics approach, we profiled the metabolomes of 266 maize inbred lines under control and salt conditions, and then identified 37 metabolite biomarkers of SIOS tolerance (METO1-37). Follow-up metabolic GWAS (mGWAS) and genotype-to-phenotype modeling identified 10 candidate genes significantly associating with the SIOS tolerance and METO abundances. Furthermore, we validated that a citrate synthase, a glucosyltransferase and a cytochrome P450 underlie the genotype-METO-SIOS tolerance associations, and showed that their favorable alleles additively improve the SIOS tolerance of elite maize inbred lines. Our study provides a novel insight into the natural variation of maize SIOS tolerance, which boosts the genetic improvement of maize salt tolerance, and demonstrates a metabolomics-based approach for mining crop genes associated with this complex agronomic trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Songyu Liu
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Fenrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jinkui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Feng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
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Moghaddam SM, Oladzad A, Koh C, Ramsay L, Hart JP, Mamidi S, Hoopes G, Sreedasyam A, Wiersma A, Zhao D, Grimwood J, Hamilton JP, Jenkins J, Vaillancourt B, Wood JC, Schmutz J, Kagale S, Porch T, Bett KE, Buell CR, McClean PE. The tepary bean genome provides insight into evolution and domestication under heat stress. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2638. [PMID: 33976152 PMCID: PMC8113540 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolis A. Gray), native to the Sonoran Desert, is highly adapted to heat and drought. It is a sister species of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the most important legume protein source for direct human consumption, and whose production is threatened by climate change. Here, we report on the tepary genome including exploration of possible mechanisms for resilience to moderate heat stress and a reduced disease resistance gene repertoire, consistent with adaptation to arid and hot environments. Extensive collinearity and shared gene content among these Phaseolus species will facilitate engineering climate adaptation in common bean, a key food security crop, and accelerate tepary bean improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Mafi Moghaddam
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Atena Oladzad
- grid.261055.50000 0001 2293 4611Department of Plant Sciences and Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND USA
| | - Chushin Koh
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada ,grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XGlobal Institute for Food Security (GIFS), University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Larissa Ramsay
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - John P. Hart
- USDA-ARS-Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, PR USA
| | - Sujan Mamidi
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Genevieve Hoopes
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Avinash Sreedasyam
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA
| | - Andrew Wiersma
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Dongyan Zhao
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Jane Grimwood
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - John P. Hamilton
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Jerry Jenkins
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Brieanne Vaillancourt
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Joshua C. Wood
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Jeremy Schmutz
- grid.417691.c0000 0004 0408 3720HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Sateesh Kagale
- grid.24433.320000 0004 0449 7958National Research Council Canada, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Timothy Porch
- USDA-ARS-Tropical Agriculture Research Station, Mayaguez, PR USA
| | - Kirstin E. Bett
- grid.25152.310000 0001 2154 235XDepartment of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - C. Robin Buell
- grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA ,grid.17088.360000 0001 2150 1785Michigan State University AgBioResearch, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Phillip E. McClean
- grid.261055.50000 0001 2293 4611Department of Plant Sciences and Genomics and Bioinformatics Program, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND USA
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Ali A, Raddatz N, Pardo JM, Yun D. HKT sodium and potassium transporters in Arabidopsis thaliana and related halophyte species. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:546-558. [PMID: 32652584 PMCID: PMC8048799 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High salinity induces osmotic stress and often leads to sodium ion-specific toxicity, with inhibitory effects on physiological, biochemical and developmental pathways. To cope with increased Na+ in soil water, plants restrict influx, compartmentalize ions into vacuoles, export excess Na+ from the cell, and distribute ions between the aerial and root organs. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how high-affinity K+ transporters (HKT) contribute to salinity tolerance, focusing on HKT1-like family members primarily involved in long-distance transport, and in the recent research in the model plant Arabidopsis and its halophytic counterparts of the Eutrema genus. Functional characterization of the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway and HKT1-type transporters in these species indicate that they utilize similar approaches to deal with salinity, regardless of their tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Institute of Glocal Disease ControlKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science & EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029South Korea
| | - Natalia Raddatz
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, CSIC‐Universidad de SevillaAmerico Vespucio 49, Sevilla41092Spain
| | - Jose M. Pardo
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, cicCartuja, CSIC‐Universidad de SevillaAmerico Vespucio 49, Sevilla41092Spain
| | - Dae‐Jin Yun
- Department of Biomedical Science & EngineeringKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029South Korea
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Zhang X, Liu P, Qing C, Yang C, Shen Y, Ma L. Comparative transcriptome analyses of maize seedling root responses to salt stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10765. [PMID: 33717668 PMCID: PMC7934676 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress affects crop yield by limiting growth and delaying development. In this study, we constructed 16 transcriptome libraries from maize seedling roots using two maize lines, with contrasting salt tolerance, that were exposed to salt stress for 0, 6, 18 and 36 h. In total, 6,584 differential expression genes (DEGs; 3,669 upregulated, 2,915 downregulated) were induced in the salt-sensitive line and 6,419 DEGs (3,876 upregulated, 2,543 downregulated) were induced in the salt-tolerant line. Several DEGs common to both lines were enriched in the ABA signaling pathway, which was presumed to coordinate the process of maize salt response. A total of 459 DEGs were specifically induced in the salt-tolerant line and represented candidate genes responsible for high salt-tolerance. Expression pattern analysis for these DEGs indicated that the period between 0 and 6 h was a crucial period for the rapid response of the tolerant genes under salt stress. Among these DEGs, several genes, Aux/IAA, SAUR, and CBL-interacting kinase have been reported to regulate salt tolerance. In addition, the transcription factors WRKY, bZIP and MYB acted as regulators in the salt-responsive regulatory network of maize roots. Our findings will contribute to understanding of the mechanism on salt response and provide references for functional gene revelation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Qing
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
| | - Cong Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
| | - Yaou Shen
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China.,State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
| | - Langlang Ma
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Wenjiang, China
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38
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Plant HKT Channels: An Updated View on Structure, Function and Gene Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041892. [PMID: 33672907 PMCID: PMC7918770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HKT channels are a plant protein family involved in sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) uptake and Na+-K+ homeostasis. Some HKTs underlie salt tolerance responses in plants, while others provide a mechanism to cope with short-term K+ shortage by allowing increased Na+ uptake under K+ starvation conditions. HKT channels present a functionally versatile family divided into two classes, mainly based on a sequence polymorphism found in the sequences underlying the selectivity filter of the first pore loop. Physiologically, most class I members function as sodium uniporters, and class II members as Na+/K+ symporters. Nevertheless, even within these two classes, there is a high functional diversity that, to date, cannot be explained at the molecular level. The high complexity is also reflected at the regulatory level. HKT expression is modulated at the level of transcription, translation, and functionality of the protein. Here, we summarize and discuss the structure and conservation of the HKT channel family from algae to angiosperms. We also outline the latest findings on gene expression and the regulation of HKT channels.
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Nestrerenko EO, Krasnoperova OE, Isayenkov SV. Potassium Transport Systems and Their Role in Stress Response, Plant Growth, and Development. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Fu J, Zhu C, Wang C, Liu L, Shen Q, Xu D, Wang Q. Maize transcription factor ZmEREB20 enhanced salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:257-267. [PMID: 33395583 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity severely limits agricultural crop production worldwide. As one of the biggest plant specific transcription factor families, AP2/ERF members have been extensively studied to regulate plant growth, development and stress responses. However, the role of AP2/ERF family in maize salt tolerance remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a maize AP2-ERF family member ZmEREB20 as a positive salinity responsive gene. Overexpression of ZmEREB20in Arabidopsis enhanced ABA sensitivity and resulted in delayed seed germination under salt stress through regulating ABA and GA related genes. ZmEREB20 overexpression lines also showed higher survival rates with elevated ROS scavenging toward high salinity. Furthermore, root hair growth inhibition by salt stress was markedly rescued in ZmEREB20 overexpression lines. Auxin transport inhibitor TIBA drastically enhanced root hair growth in ZmEREB20 overexpression Arabidopsis under salt stress, together with the increased expression of auxin-related genes, ion transporter genes and root hair growth genes by RNA-seq analysis. ZmEREB20 positively regulated salt tolerance through the molecular mechanism associated with hormone signaling, ROS scavenging and root hair plasticity, proving the potential target for crop breeding to improve salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingye Fu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chenying Zhu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lijun Liu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qinqin Shen
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dongbei Xu
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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41
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Karahara I, Horie T. Functions and structure of roots and their contributions to salinity tolerance in plants. BREEDING SCIENCE 2021; 71:89-108. [PMID: 33762879 PMCID: PMC7973495 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.20123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an increasing threat to the productivity of glycophytic crops worldwide. The root plays vital roles under various stress conditions, including salinity, as well as has diverse functions in non-stress soil environments. In this review, we focus on the essential functions of roots such as in ion homeostasis mediated by several different membrane transporters and signaling molecules under salinity stress and describe recent advances in the impacts of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or genetic loci (and their causal genes, if applicable) on salinity tolerance. Furthermore, we introduce important literature for the development of barriers against the apoplastic flow of ions, including Na+, as well as for understanding the functions and components of the barrier structure under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichirou Karahara
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
- Corresponding author (e-mail: )
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42
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Xu B, Hrmova M, Gilliham M. High affinity Na + transport by wheat HKT1;5 is blocked by K . PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00275. [PMID: 33103046 PMCID: PMC7576878 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The wheat sodium transporters TmHKT1;5-A and TaHKT1;5-D are encoded by genes underlying the major shoot Na+ exclusion loci Nax2 and Kna1 from Triticum monococcum (Tm) and Triticum aestivum (Ta), respectively. In contrast to HKT2 transporters that have been shown to exhibit high affinity K+-dependent Na+ transport, HKT1 proteins have, with one exception, only been shown to catalyze low affinity Na+ transport and no K+ transport. Here, using heterologous expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes we uncover a novel property of HKT1 proteins, that both TmHKT1;5-A and TaHKT1;5-D encode dual (high and low) affinity Na+-transporters with the high-affinity component being abolished when external K+ is in excess of external Na+. Three-dimensional structural modeling suggested that, compared to Na+, K+ is bound more tightly in the selectivity filter region by means of additional van der Waals forces, which is likely to explain the K+ block at the molecular level. The low-affinity component for Na+ transport of TmHKT1;5-A had a lower K m than that of TaHKT1;5-D and was less sensitive to external K+. We propose that these properties contribute towards the improvements in shoot Na+-exclusion and crop plant salt tolerance following the introgression of TmHKT1;5-A into diverse wheat backgrounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyUniversity of AdelaideWaite Research PrecinctGlen OsmondSAAustralia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideWaite Research PrecinctGlen OsmondSAAustralia
| | - Maria Hrmova
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideWaite Research PrecinctGlen OsmondSAAustralia
- School of Life ScienceHuaiyin Normal UniversityHuai’anChina
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy BiologyUniversity of AdelaideWaite Research PrecinctGlen OsmondSAAustralia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, and Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideWaite Research PrecinctGlen OsmondSAAustralia
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Kiani-Pouya A, Rasouli F, Shabala L, Tahir AT, Zhou M, Shabala S. Understanding the role of root-related traits in salinity tolerance of quinoa accessions with contrasting epidermal bladder cell patterning. PLANTA 2020; 251:103. [PMID: 32372252 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03395-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
To compensate for the lack of capacity for external salt storage in the epidermal bladder cells, quinoa plants employ tissue-tolerance traits, to confer salinity stress tolerance. Our previous studies indicated that sequestration of toxic Na+ and Cl- ions into epidermal bladder cells (EBCs) is an efficient mechanism conferring salinity tolerance in quinoa. However, some halophytes do not develop EBCs but still possess superior salinity tolerance. To elucidate the possible compensation mechanism(s) underlying superior salinity tolerance in the absence of the external salt storage capacity, we have selected four quinoa accessions with contrasting patterns of EBC development. Whole-plant physiological and electrophysiological characteristics were assessed after 2 days and 3 weeks of 400 mM NaCl stress. Both accessions with low EBC volume utilised Na+ exclusion at the root level and could maintain low Na+ concentration in leaves to compensate for the inability to sequester Na+ load in EBC. These conclusions were further confirmed by electrophysiological experiments showing higher Na+ efflux from roots of these varieties (measured by a non-invasive microelectrode MIFE technique) as compared to accessions with high EBC volume. Furthermore, accessions with low EBC volume had significantly higher K+ concentration in their leaves upon long-term salinity exposures compared to plants with high EBC sequestration ability, suggesting that the ability to maintain high K+ content in the leaf mesophyll was as another important compensation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kiani-Pouya
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Rasouli
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Lana Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Ayesha T Tahir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Park road, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Meixue Zhou
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, College of Science and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
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Villette J, Cuéllar T, Verdeil JL, Delrot S, Gaillard I. Grapevine Potassium Nutrition and Fruit Quality in the Context of Climate Change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:123. [PMID: 32174933 PMCID: PMC7054452 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) nutrition is of relevant interest for winegrowers because it influences grapevine growth, berry composition, as well as must and wine quality. Indeed, wine quality strongly depends on berry composition at harvest. However, K+ content of grape berries increased steadily over the last decades, in part due to climate change. Currently, the properties and qualities of many fruits are also impacted by environment. In grapevine, this disturbs berry properties resulting in unbalanced wines with poor organoleptic quality and low acidity. This requires a better understanding of the molecular basis of K+ accumulation and its control along grape berry development. This mini-review summarizes our current knowledge on K+ nutrition in relation with fruit quality in the context of a changing environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Villette
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Luc Verdeil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Serge Delrot
- EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Rubio F, Nieves-Cordones M, Horie T, Shabala S. Doing 'business as usual' comes with a cost: evaluating energy cost of maintaining plant intracellular K + homeostasis under saline conditions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1097-1104. [PMID: 30993727 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinization of agricultural lands is a major threat to agriculture. Many different factors affect and determine plant salt tolerance. Nonetheless, there is a consensus on the relevance of maintaining an optimal cytosolic potassium : sodium ion (K+ : Na+ ) ratio for salinity tolerance in plants. This ratio depends on the operation of plasma membrane and tonoplast transporters. In the present review we focus on some aspects related to the energetic cost of maintaining that K+ : Na+ ratio. One of the factors that affect the cost of the first step of K+ acquisition - root K+ uptake through High Affinity K+ transporter and Arabidopsis K+ transport system 1 transport systems - is the value of the plasma membrane potential of root cells, a parameter that may differ amongst plant species. In addition to its role in nutrition, cytosolic K+ also is important for signalling, and K+ efflux through gated outward-rectifying K+ and nonselective cation channels can be regarded as a switch to redirect energy towards defence reactions. In maintaining cytosolic K+ , the great buffer capacity of the vacuole should be considered. The possible role of high-affinity K+ transporters (HKT)2s in mediating K+ uptake under saline conditions and the importance of cycling of K+ throughout the plant also are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rubio
- Plant Nutrition Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, 30100, Spain
| | | | - Tomoaki Horie
- Division of Applied Biology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1, Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567, Japan
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Tasmanian Institute for Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
- International Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, Foshan, 528041, China
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Srivastava AK, Shankar A, Nalini Chandran AK, Sharma M, Jung KH, Suprasanna P, Pandey GK. Emerging concepts of potassium homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:608-619. [PMID: 31624829 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is an essential cation in all organisms that influences crop production and ecosystem stability. Although most soils are rich in K minerals, relatively little K+ is present in forms that are available to plants. Moreover, leaching and run-off from the upper soil layers contribute to K+ deficiencies in agricultural soils. Hence, the demand for K fertilizer is increasing worldwide. K+ regulates multiple processes in cells and organs, with K+ deficiency resulting in decreased plant growth and productivity. Here, we discuss the complexity of the reactive oxygen species-calcium-hormone signalling network that is responsible for the sensing of K+ deficiency in plants, together with genetic approaches using K+ transporters that have been used to increase K+ use efficiency (KUE) in plants, particularly under environmental stress conditions such as salinity and heavy metal contamination. Publicly available rice transcriptome data are used to demonstrate the two-way relationship between K+ and nitrogen nutrition, highlighting how each nutrient can regulate the uptake and root to shoot translocation of the other. Future research directions are discussed in terms of this relationship, as well as prospects for molecular approaches for the generation of improved varieties and the implementation of new agronomic practices. An increased knowledge of the systems that sense and take up K+, and their regulation, will not only improve current understanding of plant K+ homeostasis but also facilitate new research and the implementation of measures to improve plant KUE for sustainable food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Kumar Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Alka Shankar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Kumar Nalini Chandran
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xing J, Wan J, Wang X, Zhang J, Wang X, Li Z, Zhang M. Copalyl Diphosphate Synthase Mutation Improved Salt Tolerance in Maize ( Zea mays. L) via Enhancing Vacuolar Na + Sequestration and Maintaining ROS Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:457. [PMID: 32477376 PMCID: PMC7237720 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress impairs plant growth and causes crops to yield losses worldwide. Reduction of in vivo gibberellin acid (GA) level is known to repress plant size but is beneficial to plant salt tolerance. However, the mechanisms of in vivo GA deficiency-enhanced salt tolerance in maize are still ambiguous. In this study, we generated two independent maize knockout mutant lines of ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase (one of the key enzymes for early steps of GA biosynthesis), zmcps-1 and zmcps-7, to explore the role of GA in maize salt tolerance. The typical dwarf phenotype with lower GA content and delayed leaf senescence under salinity was observed in the mutant plants. The leaf water potential and cell turgor potential were significantly higher in zmcps-1 and zmcps-7 than in the wild type (WT) under salt stress. The mutant plants exhibited a lower superoxide anion production rate in leaves and also a downregulated relative expression level of NAPDH oxidase ZmRbohA-C than the WT maize under salt stress. Also, the mutant plants had higher enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and higher content of soluble sugars and proline under salt stress. The Na+/K+ ratio was not significantly different between the mutant maize plants and WT plants under salt stress conditions, but the Na+ and K+ content was increased in zmcps-1 and zmcps-7 leaves and shoots. Na+ fluorescent dye staining showed that the mutant leaves have significantly higher vacuolar Na+ intensity than the WT maize. The expression level of vacuolar Na+/H+ exchanger gene ZmNHX1 and vacuolar proton pump genes ZmVP1-1 and ZmVP2 were upregulated in the zmcps-1 and zmcps-7 plants under salinity, further proving that in vivo GA deficiency enhanced vacuolar Na+ sequestration in zmcps-1 and zmcps-7 leaves cells to avoid Na+ cytotoxicity. Together, our results suggested that maintaining ROS homeostasis and enhancing vacuolar Na+ sequestration could be involved in GA deficiency-improved maize salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yubin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiapeng Xing
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachi Wan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xilei Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhang M, Liang X, Wang L, Cao Y, Song W, Shi J, Lai J, Jiang C. A HAK family Na + transporter confers natural variation of salt tolerance in maize. NATURE PLANTS 2019; 5:1297-1308. [PMID: 31819228 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-019-0565-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Excessive sodium ion (Na+) concentrations in cultivated land alter crop yield and quality worldwide. Previous studies have shown that shoot Na+ exclusion is essential in most crops for salt tolerance. Here, we show by a genome-wide association study that Zea may L. Na+ content 2 (ZmNC2), encoding the HAK family ion transporter ZmHAK4, confers the natural variation of shoot Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance in maize. The ZmHAK4 locus accounts for ~11% of the shoot Na+ variation, and a natural ZmHAK4-deficient allele displays a decreased ZmHAK4 expression level and an increased shoot Na+ content. ZmHAK4 is preferentially expressed in the root stele and encodes a novel membrane-localized Na+-selective transporter that mediates shoot Na+ exclusion, probably by retrieving Na+ from xylem sap. ZmHAK4 orthologues were identified in other plant species, and the orthologues of ZmHAK4 in rice and wheat show identical expression patterns and ion transport properties, suggesting that ZmHAK4 orthologues mediate an evolutionarily conserved salt-tolerance mechanism. Finally, we show that ZmHAK4 and ZmHKT1 (a HKT1 family Na+-selective transporter) confer distinct roles in promoting shoot Na+ exclusion and salt tolerance, indicating that the combination of the favourable alleles of ZmHKT1 and ZmHAK4 can facilitate the development of salt-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Limin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weibin Song
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junpeng Shi
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center of China, Department of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Nieves-Cordones M, Lara A, Ródenas R, Amo J, Rivero RM, Martínez V, Rubio F. Modulation of K + translocation by AKT1 and AtHAK5 in Arabidopsis plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2357-2371. [PMID: 31046137 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Root cells take up K+ from the soil solution, and a fraction of the absorbed K+ is translocated to the shoot after being loaded into xylem vessels. K+ uptake and translocation are spatially separated processes. K+ uptake occurs in the cortex and epidermis whereas K+ translocation starts at the stele. Both uptake and translocation processes are expected to be linked, but the connection between them is not well characterized. Here, we studied K+ uptake and translocation using Rb+ as a tracer in wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana and in T-DNA insertion mutants in the K+ uptake or translocation systems. The relative amount of translocated Rb+ to the shoot was positively correlated with net Rb+ uptake rates, and the akt1 athak5 T-DNA mutant plants were more efficient in their allocation of Rb+ to shoots. Moreover, a mutation of SKOR and a reduced plant transpiration prevented the full upregulation of AtHAK5 gene expression and Rb+ uptake in K+ -starved plants. Lastly, Rb+ was found to be retrieved from root xylem vessels, with AKT1 playing a significant role in K+ -sufficient plants. Overall, our results suggest that K+ uptake and translocation are tightly coordinated via signals that regulate the expression of K+ transport systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Nieves-Cordones
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Lara
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Reyes Ródenas
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Amo
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa María Rivero
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Rubio
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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Felipe SHS, Batista DS, Vital CE, Chagas K, Silva PO, Silva TD, Fortini EA, Correia LNDF, Ávila RT, Maldaner J, Festucci-Buselli RA, DaMatta FM, Otoni WC. Salinity-induced modifications on growth, physiology and 20-hydroxyecdysone levels in Brazilian-ginseng [Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen]. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:43-54. [PMID: 31078783 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
- Salinity is a major threat to agriculture. However, depending on the concentration of soluble salts in soil, increased secondary metabolite levels can occur with no major damages to plant growth and development. The phytoecdysteroid (PE) 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is a secondary metabolite with biotechnological, medicinal, pharmaceutical and agrochemical applicability. Here, we characterize the responses (growth and physiology) of Pfaffia glomerata under different NaCl concentrations and examine the production of 20E as affected by salinity. Forty-day-old plants grown in greenhouse were exposed to 0, 120, 240, 360 or 480 mM of NaCl for 11 days. Moderate salinity (i.e., 120 mM of NaCl) led to increased 20E concentrations in leaves (47%) relative to the control with no significant effect on photosynthesis and biomass accumulation, thus allowing improved 20E contents on a per whole-plant basis. In contrast, plants under high salinity (i.e., 240-480 mM of NaCl) displayed similar 20E concentrations in leaves compared to the control, but with marked impairments to biomass accumulation and photosynthetic performance (coupled with decreased sucrose and starch levels) in parallel to nutritional imbalance. High salinity also strongly increased salicylic acid levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmoregulatory status. Regardless of stress severity, 20E production was accompanied by the upregulation of Spook and Phantom genes. Our findings suggest that P. glomerata cultivation in moderate salinity soils can be considered as a suitable agricultural option to increase 20E levels, since metabolic and structural complexity that makes its artificial synthesis very difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diego Silva Batista
- PPG em Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Av. Lourenço Vieira da Silva, s/nº, Cidade Universitária Paulo VI, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Camilo Elber Vital
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Kristhiano Chagas
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Priscila Oliveira Silva
- Instituto de Educação, Agricultura e Ambiente, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 69800-000, Humaitá, AM, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Dulcineia Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Joseila Maldaner
- Centro de Pesquisa em Florestas/DDPA/SEAPI, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Fábio Murilo DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos Otoni
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil.
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