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Wang B, Xiong C, Peng Z, Luo Z, Wang X, Peng S, Yu Z. Genome-wide analysis of R2R3-MYB transcription factors in poplar and functional validation of PagMYB147 in defense against Melampsora magnusiana. PLANTA 2024; 260:47. [PMID: 38970694 PMCID: PMC11227472 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Transcription of PagMYB147 was induced in poplar infected by Melampsora magnusiana, and a decline in its expression levels increases the host's susceptibility, whereas its overexpression promotes resistance to rust disease. Poplars are valuable tree species with diverse industrial and silvicultural applications. The R2R3-MYB subfamily of transcription factors plays a crucial role in response to biotic stresses. However, the functional studies on poplar R2R3-MYB genes in resistance to leaf rust disease are still insufficient. We identified 191 putative R2R3-MYB genes in the Populus trichocarpa genome. A phylogenetic analysis grouped poplar R2R3-MYBs and Arabidopsis R2R3-MYBs into 33 subgroups. We detected 12 tandem duplication events and 148 segmental duplication events, with the latter likely being the main contributor to the expansion of poplar R2R3-MYB genes. The promoter regions of these genes contained numerous cis-acting regulatory elements associated with response to stress and phytohormones. Analyses of RNA-Seq data identified a multiple R2R3-MYB genes response to Melampsora magnusiana (Mmag). Among them, PagMYB147 was significantly up-regulated under Mmag inoculation, salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment, and its encoded product was primarily localized to the cell nucleus. Silencing of PagMYB147 exacerbated the severity of Mmag infection, likely because of decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activity, and up-regulation of genes related to ROS scavenging and down-regulation of genes related to PAL, SA and JA signaling pathway. In contrast, plants overexpressing PagMYB147 showed the opposite ROS accumulation, PAL enzyme activity, SA and JA-related gene expressions, and improved Mmag resistance. Our findings suggest that PagMYB147 acts as a positive regulatory factor, affecting resistance in poplar to Mmag by its involvement in the regulation of ROS homeostasis, SA and JA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chaowei Xiong
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zijia Peng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zeyu Luo
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Shaobing Peng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhongdong Yu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Khojasteh M, Darzi Ramandi H, Taghavi SM, Taheri A, Rahmanzadeh A, Chen G, Foolad MR, Osdaghi E. Unraveling the genetic basis of quantitative resistance to diseases in tomato: a meta-QTL analysis and mining of transcript profiles. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:184. [PMID: 38951262 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Whole-genome QTL mining and meta-analysis in tomato for resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases identified 73 meta-QTL regions with significantly refined/reduced confidence intervals. Tomato production is affected by a range of biotic stressors, causing yield losses and quality reductions. While sources of genetic resistance to many tomato diseases have been identified and characterized, stability of the resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) across the resources has not been determined. Here, we examined 491 QTLs previously reported for resistance to tomato diseases in 40 independent studies and 54 unique mapping populations. We identified 29 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) for resistance to bacterial pathogens and 44 MQTLs for resistance to fungal pathogens, and were able to reduce the average confidence interval (CI) of the QTLs by 4.1-fold and 6.7-fold, respectively, compared to the average CI of the original QTLs. The corresponding physical length of the CIs of MQTLs ranged from 56 kb to 6.37 Mb, with a median of 921 kb, of which 27% had a CI lower than 500 kb and 53% had a CI lower than 1 Mb. Comparison of defense responses between tomato and Arabidopsis highlighted 73 orthologous genes in the MQTL regions, which were putatively determined to be involved in defense against bacterial and fungal diseases. Intriguingly, multiple genes were identified in some MQTL regions that are implicated in plant defense responses, including PR-P2, NDR1, PDF1.2, Pip1, SNI1, PTI5, NSL1, DND1, CAD1, SlACO, DAD1, SlPAL, Ph-3, EDS5/SID1, CHI-B/PR-3, Ph-5, ETR1, WRKY29, and WRKY25. Further, we identified a number of candidate resistance genes in the MQTL regions that can be useful for both marker/gene-assisted breeding as well as cloning and genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Khojasteh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Hadi Darzi Ramandi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 657833131, Hamedan, Iran
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran.
| | - Ayat Taheri
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Asma Rahmanzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Gongyou Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Majid R Foolad
- Department of Plant Science and the Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Ebrahim Osdaghi
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
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Cao S, Wang M, Pan J, Luo D, Mubeen S, Wang C, Yue J, Wu X, Wu Q, Zhang H, Chen C, Rehman M, Xie S, Li R, Chen P. Physiological, transcriptome and gene functional analysis provide novel sights into cadmium accumulation and tolerance mechanisms in kenaf. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:500-514. [PMID: 37980034 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Kenaf is considered to have great potential for remediation of heavy metals in ecosystems. However, studies on molecular mechanisms of root Cd accumulation and tolerance are still inadequate. In this study, two differently tolerant kenaf cultivars were selected as materials and the physiological and transcriptomic effects were evaluated under Cd stress. This study showed that 200 µmol/L CdCl2 treatment triggered the reactive oxygen species (ROS) explosion and membrane lipid peroxidation. Compared with the Cd-sensitive cultivar 'Z', the Cd-tolerant cultivar 'F' was able to resist oxidative stress in cells by producing higher antioxidant enzyme activities and increasing the contents of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH). The root cell wall of 'F' exhibited higher polysaccharide contents under Cd treatment, providing more Cd-binding sites. There were 3,439 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were co-regulated by Cd treatment in two cultivars. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were significantly enriched by functional annotation analysis. DEGs associated with pectin, cellulose, and hemi-cellulose metabolism were involved in Cd chelation of root cell wall; V-ATPases, ABCC3 and Narmp3 could participated in vacuolar compartmentalization of Cd; PDR1 was responsible for Cd efflux; the organic acid transporters contributed to the absorption of Cd in soil. These genes might have played key roles in kenaf Cd tolerance and Cd accumulation. Moreover, HcZIP2 was identified to be involved in Cd uptake and transport in kenaf. Our findings provide a deeper understanding of the molecular pathways underlying Cd accumulation and detoxification mechanisms in kenaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Cao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiao Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dengjie Luo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Samavia Mubeen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Caijin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xia Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qijing Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Canni Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Muzammal Rehman
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Sichen Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ru Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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4
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Ahmed M, Tóth Z, Decsi K. The Impact of Salinity on Crop Yields and the Confrontational Behavior of Transcriptional Regulators, Nanoparticles, and Antioxidant Defensive Mechanisms under Stressful Conditions: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2654. [PMID: 38473901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant environmental challenges to crop growth and yield worldwide is soil salinization. Salinity lowers soil solution water potential, causes ionic disequilibrium and specific ion effects, and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) buildup, causing several physiological and biochemical issues in plants. Plants have developed biological and molecular methods to combat salt stress. Salt-signaling mechanisms regulated by phytohormones may provide additional defense in salty conditions. That discovery helped identify the molecular pathways that underlie zinc-oxide nanoparticle (ZnO-NP)-based salt tolerance in certain plants. It emphasized the need to study processes like transcriptional regulation that govern plants' many physiological responses to such harsh conditions. ZnO-NPs have shown the capability to reduce salinity stress by working with transcription factors (TFs) like AP2/EREBP, WRKYs, NACs, and bZIPs that are released or triggered to stimulate plant cell osmotic pressure-regulating hormones and chemicals. In addition, ZnO-NPs have been shown to reduce the expression of stress markers such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while also affecting transcriptional factors. Those systems helped maintain protein integrity, selective permeability, photosynthesis, and other physiological processes in salt-stressed plants. This review examined how salt stress affects crop yield and suggested that ZnO-NPs could reduce plant salinity stress instead of osmolytes and plant hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Ahmed
- Festetics Doctoral School, Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary
- Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Zoltán Tóth
- Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary
| | - Kincső Decsi
- Institute of Agronomy, Georgikon Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary
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Saha B, Nayak J, Srivastava R, Samal S, Kumar D, Chanwala J, Dey N, Giri MK. Unraveling the involvement of WRKY TFs in regulating plant disease defense signaling. PLANTA 2023; 259:7. [PMID: 38012461 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION This review article explores the intricate role, regulation, and signaling mechanisms of WRKY TFs in response to biotic stress, particularly emphasizing their pivotal role in the trophism of plant-pathogen interactions. Transcription factors (TFs) play a vital role in governing both plant defense and development by controlling the expression of various downstream target genes. Early studies have shown the differential expression of certain WRKY transcription factors by microbial infections. Several transcriptome-wide studies later demonstrated that diverse sets of WRKYs are significantly activated in the early stages of viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. Furthermore, functional investigations indicated that overexpression or silencing of certain WRKY genes in plants can drastically alter disease symptoms as well as pathogen multiplication rates. Hence the new aspects of pathogen-triggered WRKY TFs mediated regulation of plant defense can be explored. The already recognized roles of WRKYs include transcriptional regulation of defense-related genes, modulation of hormonal signaling, and participation in signal transduction pathways. Some WRKYs have been shown to directly bind to pathogen effectors, acting as decoys or resistance proteins. Notably, the signaling molecules like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene which are associated with plant defense significantly increase the expression of several WRKYs. Moreover, induction of WRKY genes or heightened WRKY activities is also observed during ISR triggered by the beneficial microbes which protect the plants from subsequent pathogen infection. To understand the contribution of WRKY TFs towards disease resistance and their exact metabolic functions in infected plants, further studies are required. This review article explores the intrinsic transcriptional regulation, signaling mechanisms, and hormonal crosstalk governed by WRKY TFs in plant disease defense response, particularly emphasizing their specific role against different biotrophic, hemibiotrophic, and necrotrophic pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisista Saha
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Jagatjeet Nayak
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Richa Srivastava
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Swarnmala Samal
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - Jeky Chanwala
- Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Nagar Road, NALCO Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Nrisingha Dey
- Institute of Life Sciences, NALCO Nagar Road, NALCO Square, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
| | - Mrunmay Kumar Giri
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT), Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
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6
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Wang J, Chen C, Wu C, Meng Q, Zhuang K, Ma N. SlMYB41 positively regulates tomato thermotolerance by activating the expression of SlHSP90.3. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 204:108106. [PMID: 37879127 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
High-temperature stress has become a major abiotic factor that dramatically limits plant growth and crop yield. Plants have evolved complex mechanisms to cope with high-temperature stress, but the factors that regulate plant thermotolerance remain to be discovered. Here, a high temperature-induced MYB transcription factor SlMYB41 was cloned from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Two individual SlMYB41-RNA interference (RNAi) lines (MR) and one CRISPR/Cas9 mediated myb41 mutant (MC) were obtained to investigate the function of SlMYB41 in tomato thermotolerance. Under high-temperature stress, we found that the MR and MC lines showed more wilting than the wild type (WT), with more ion leakage, more MDA accumulation, lower contents of osmotic adjustment substances, and more accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which was resulted from lower antioxidative enzyme activities. In addition, the photosynthetic capacity and complex of MR and MC lines were damaged more seriously than WT plants under high-temperature stress, mainly manifested in lower photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm. Moreover, heat stress-related genes, such as SlHSP17.6, SlHSP17.7, and SlHSP90.3 were downregulated in MR and MC lines. Importantly, Y1H and LUC analysis indicated that SlMYB41 can directly activate the transcription of SlHSP90.3. Together, our study suggest that SlMYB41 positively regulates tomato thermotolerance by activating the expression of SlHSP90.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chong Chen
- College of Agriculture and Bioengineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong, 274015, China
| | - Chuanzhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
| | - Nana Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, China.
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Saputro TB, Jakada BH, Chutimanukul P, Comai L, Buaboocha T, Chadchawan S. OsBTBZ1 Confers Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14483. [PMID: 37833931 PMCID: PMC10572369 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important commodities and a primary food source worldwide, can be affected by adverse environmental factors. The chromosome segment substitution line 16 (CSSL16) of rice is considered salt-tolerant. A comparison of the transcriptomic data of the CSSL16 line under normal and salt stress conditions revealed 511 differentially expressed sequence (DEseq) genes at the seedling stage, 520 DEseq genes in the secondary leaves, and 584 DEseq genes in the flag leaves at the booting stage. Four BTB genes, OsBTBZ1, OsBTBZ2, OsBTBN3, and OsBTBN7, were differentially expressed under salt stress. Interestingly, only OsBTBZ1 was differentially expressed at the seedling stage, whereas the other genes were differentially expressed at the booting stage. Based on the STRING database, OsBTBZ1 was more closely associated with other abiotic stress-related proteins than other BTB genes. The highest expression of OsBTBZ1 was observed in the sheaths of young leaves. The OsBTBZ1-GFP fusion protein was localized to the nucleus, supporting the hypothesis of a transcriptionally regulatory role for this protein. The bt3 Arabidopsis mutant line exhibited susceptibility to NaCl and abscisic acid (ABA) but not to mannitol. NaCl and ABA decreased the germination rate and growth of the mutant lines. Moreover, the ectopic expression of OsBTBZ1 rescued the phenotypes of the bt3 mutant line and enhanced the growth of wild-type Arabidopsis under stress conditions. These results suggest that OsBTBZ1 is a salt-tolerant gene functioning in ABA-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triono B. Saputro
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.B.S.); (B.H.J.)
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Bello H. Jakada
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.B.S.); (B.H.J.)
| | - Panita Chutimanukul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani, Bangkok 12120, Thailand;
| | - Luca Comai
- Genome Center and Department of Plant Biology, UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supachitra Chadchawan
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (T.B.S.); (B.H.J.)
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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8
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Kumar A, Sichov N, Bucki P, Miyara SB. SlWRKY16 and SlWRKY31 of tomato, negative regulators of plant defense, involved in susceptibility activation following root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica infection. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14592. [PMID: 37669955 PMCID: PMC10480479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of WRKY transcription factors in plant-nematode interactions, and in particular, how these WRKYs participate in regulating the complex morphological and physiological changes occurring after nematode infection, are the topic of active research. We characterized the functional role of the unstudied tomato WRKY genes SlWRKY16 and SlWRKY31 in regulating tomato roots' response to infection by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. Using promoter-GUS reporter gene fusions and qRT-PCR, we show that both SlWRKYs are predominantly expressed during the first half of the parasitic life stages, when feeding-site induction and construction occur. Expression of SlWRKY16 increased sharply 15 days after inoculation, whereas SlWRKY31 was already induced earlier, but reached its maximum expression at this time. Both genes were downregulated at the mature female stage. To determine biological function, we produced transgenic lines overexpressing SlWRKY16 and SlWRKY31 in tomato hairy roots. Overexpression of both genes resulted in enhanced M. javanica infection, reflected by increased galling occurrence and reproduction. Expression profiling of marker genes responsive to defense-associated phytohormones indicated reductions in salicylic acid defense-related PR-1 and jasmonic acid defense-related PI in inoculated roots overexpressing SlWRK16 and SlWRKY31, respectively. Our results suggest that SlWRKY16 and SlWRKY31 function as negative regulators of plant immunity induced upon nematode infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Natalia Sichov
- Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Patricia Bucki
- Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Sigal Brown Miyara
- Department of Entomology, Nematology and Chemistry Units, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, 50250, Bet Dagan, Israel.
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Baoxiang W, Zhiguang S, Yan L, Bo X, Jingfang L, Ming C, Yungao X, Bo Y, Jian L, Jinbo L, Tingmu C, Zhaowei F, Baiguan L, Dayong X, Bello BK. A pervasive phosphorylation cascade modulation of plant transcription factors in response to abiotic stress. PLANTA 2023; 258:73. [PMID: 37668677 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Transcriptional regulation of stress-responsive genes is a crucial step in establishing the mechanisms behind plant abiotic stress tolerance. A sensitive method of regulating transcription factors activity, stability, protein interaction, and subcellular localization is through phosphorylation. This review highlights a widespread regulation mechanism that involves phosphorylation of plant TFs in response to abiotic stress. Abiotic stress is one of the main components limiting crop yield and sustainability on a global scale. It greatly reduces the land area that is planted and lowers crop production globally. In all living organisms, transcription factors (TFs) play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. They participate in cell signaling, cell cycle, development, and plant stress response. Plant resilience to diverse abiotic stressors is largely influenced by TFs. Transcription factors modulate gene expression by binding to their target gene's cis-elements, which are impacted by genomic characteristics, DNA structure, and TF interconnections. In this review, we focus on the six major TFs implicated in abiotic stress tolerance, namely, DREB, bZIP, WRKY, ABF, MYB, and NAC, and the cruciality of phosphorylation of these transcription factors in abiotic stress signaling, as protein phosphorylation has emerged as one of the key post-translational modifications, playing a critical role in cell signaling, DNA amplification, gene expression and differentiation, and modification of other biological configurations. These TFs have been discovered after extensive study as stress-responsive transcription factors which may be major targets for crop development and important contributors to stress tolerance and crop production.
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Grants
- CARS-01-61 the earmarked funds for China Agricultural Research System
- 2015BAD01B01 National Science and Technology Support Program of China
- BE2016370-3 Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province, China
- BE2017323 Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province, China
- BK20201214 Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China
- BK20161299 the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ1704 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2102 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2107 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- QNJJ2211 the Financial Grant Support Program of Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Baoxiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sun Zhiguang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Bo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jingfang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chi Ming
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Yungao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Bo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jian
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Jinbo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Tingmu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Zhaowei
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Baiguan
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xu Dayong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Babatunde Kazeem Bello
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Lianyungang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Lianyungang, 222006, Jiangsu, China.
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10
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Jiang J, Huang H, Gao Q, Li Y, Xiang H, Zeng W, Xu L, Liu X, Li J, Mi Q, Deng L, Yang W, Zhang J, Yang G, Li X. Effects of editing DFR genes on flowers, leaves, and roots of tobacco. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:349. [PMID: 37407922 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DFR is a crucial structural gene in plant flavonoid and polyphenol metabolism, and DFR knockout (DFR-KO) plants may have increased biomass accumulation. It is uncertain whether DFR-KO has comparable effects in tobacco and what the molecular mechanism is. We employed the CRISPR/Cas9 method to generate a knockout homozygous construct and collected samples from various developmental phases for transcriptome and metabolome detection and analysis. RESULTS DFR-KO turned tobacco blossoms white on homozygous tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants with both NtDFR1 and NtDFR2 knockout. RNA-seq investigation of anthesis leaf (LF), anthesis flower (FF), mature leaf (LM), and mature root (RM) variations in wild-type (CK) and DFR-KO lines revealed 2898, 276, 311, and 101 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. DFR-KO primarily affected leaves during anthesis. According to KEGG and GSEA studies, DFR-KO lines upregulated photosynthetic pathway carbon fixation and downregulated photosystem I and II genes. DFR-KO may diminish tobacco anthesis leaf photosynthetic light reaction but boost dark reaction carbon fixation. DFR-KO lowered the expression of pathway-related genes in LF, such as oxidative phosphorylation and proteasome, while boosting those in the plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signaling pathways, indicating that it may increase biological stress resistance. DFR-KO greatly boosted the expression of other structural genes involved in phenylpropanoid production in FF, which may account for metabolite accumulation. The metabolome showed that LF overexpressed 8 flavonoid metabolites and FF downregulated 24 flavone metabolites. In DFR-KO LF, proteasome-related genes downregulated 16 amino acid metabolites and reduced free amino acids. Furthermore, the DEG analysis on LM revealed that the impact of DFR-KO on tobacco growth may progressively diminish with time. CONCLUSION The broad impact of DFR-KO on different phases and organs of tobacco development was thoroughly and methodically investigated in this research. DFR-KO decreased catabolism and photosynthetic light reactions in leaves during the flowering stage while increasing carbon fixation and disease resistance pathways. However, the impact of DFR-KO on tobacco growth steadily declined as it grew and matured, and transcriptional and metabolic modifications were consistent. This work offers a fresh insight and theoretical foundation for tobacco breeding and the development of gene-edited strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Jiang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qian Gao
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yong Li
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Haiying Xiang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wanli Zeng
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Li Xu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qili Mi
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lele Deng
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wenwu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jianduo Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Guangyu Yang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co. LTD, No. 181 Hongjin Road, Kunming, 650000, Yunnan Province, China.
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11
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Yu S, Yang L, Gao K, Zhou J, Lan X, Xie J, Zhong C. Dioscorea composita WRKY5 positively regulates AtSOD1 and AtABF2 to enhance drought and salt tolerances. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023:10.1007/s00299-023-03038-1. [PMID: 37269374 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03038-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE DcWRKY5 increases the antioxidant enzyme activity and proline accumulation, oppositely, reduces the accumulation of ROS and MDA, through directly activating the genes expression, finally enhances the salt and drought tolerance. Drought and salinity are two main environmental factors that limit the large-scale cultivation of the medicinal plant Dioscorea composita (D. composita). WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in regulating drought and salt tolerance in plants. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of WRKY TF mediates drought and salt resistance of D. composita remains largely unknown. Here, we isolated and characterized a WRKY TF from D. composita, namely DcWRKY5, which was localized to the nucleus and bound to the W-box cis-acting elements. Expression pattern analysis showed that it was highly expressed in root and significantly up-regulated in the presence of salt, polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000) and abscisic acid (ABA). Heterologous expression of DcWRKY5 increased salt and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis, but was insensitive to ABA. In addition, compared with the wild type, the DcWRKY5 overexpressing transgenic lines had more proline, higher antioxidant enzyme (POD, SOD, and CAT) activities, less reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Correspondingly, the overexpression of DcWRKY5 modulated the expression of genes related to salt and drought stresses, such as AtSS1, AtP5CS1, AtCAT, AtSOD1, AtRD22, and AtABF2. Dual luciferase assay and Y1H were further confirmed that DcWRKY5 activate the promoter of AtSOD1 and AtABF2 through directly binding to the enrichment region of the W-box cis-acting elements. These results suggest that DcWRKY5 is a positive regulator of the drought and salt tolerance in D. composita and has potential applications in transgenic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Yu
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Luyin Yang
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixiang Gao
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchan Zhou
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lan
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xie
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunmei Zhong
- Institute of Biomass Engineering, Key Laboratory of Energy Plants Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural and Forestry Biomass, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Yang X, Zhao S, Ge W, Wang T, Fan Z, Wang Y. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2110518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Yang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Wendong Ge
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Tenghui Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Fan
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
| | - Yushu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Life Sciences, Agriculture and Forestry, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, PR China
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13
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Fan L, Shi G, Yang J, Liu G, Niu Z, Ye W, Wu S, Wang L, Guan Q. A Protective Role of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase from Astragalus membranaceus against Saline-Alkali Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415686. [PMID: 36555329 PMCID: PMC9779599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, E.C.4.3.1.5) catalyzes the benzene propane metabolism and is the most extensively studied enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway. However, the role of PAL genes in Astragalus membranaceus, a non-model plant showing high capability toward abiotic stress, is less studied. Here, we cloned AmPAL and found that it encodes a protein that resides in the cytoplasmic membrane. The mRNA of AmPAL was strongly induced by NaCl or NaHCO3 treatment, especially in the root. Overexpressing AmPAL in Nicotiana tabacum resulted in higher PAL enzyme activities, lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and better root elongation in the seedlings under stress treatment compared to the control plants. The protective role of AmPAL under saline-alkali stress was also observed in 30-day soil-grown plants, which showed higher levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline, and chlorophyll compared to wild-type N. Tabacum. Collectively, we provide evidence that AmPAL is responsive to multiple abiotic stresses and that manipulating the expression of AmPAL can be used to increase the tolerance to adverse environmental factors in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Fan
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Gongfa Shi
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Juan Yang
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guiling Liu
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhaoqian Niu
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Wangbin Ye
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Ling Wang
- The College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: or (L.W.); (Q.G.)
| | - Qingjie Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center (ASNESC), Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
- Correspondence: or (L.W.); (Q.G.)
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14
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Khoso MA, Hussain A, Ritonga FN, Ali Q, Channa MM, Alshegaihi RM, Meng Q, Ali M, Zaman W, Brohi RD, Liu F, Manghwar H. WRKY transcription factors (TFs): Molecular switches to regulate drought, temperature, and salinity stresses in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1039329. [PMID: 36426143 PMCID: PMC9679293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1039329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factor (TF) belongs to one of the major plant protein superfamilies. The WRKY TF gene family plays an important role in the regulation of transcriptional reprogramming associated with plant stress responses. Change in the expression patterns of WRKY genes or the modifications in their action; participate in the elaboration of numerous signaling pathways and regulatory networks. WRKY proteins contribute to plant growth, for example, gamete formation, seed germination, post-germination growth, stem elongation, root hair growth, leaf senescence, flowering time, and plant height. Moreover, they play a key role in many types of environmental signals, including drought, temperature, salinity, cold, and biotic stresses. This review summarizes the current progress made in unraveling the functions of numerous WRKY TFs under drought, salinity, temperature, and cold stresses as well as their role in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muneer Ahmed Khoso
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Amjad Hussain
- College of Plant Science and Technology, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | | | - Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Management of Crop Diseases and Pest Insects, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Rana M. Alshegaihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qinglin Meng
- Department of Biology and Food Engineering, Bozhou University, Bozhou, China
| | - Musrat Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Rahim Dad Brohi
- Department of Animal Reproduction/Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hakim Manghwar
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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15
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Liu P, Wu X, Gong B, Lü G, Li J, Gao H. Review of the Mechanisms by Which Transcription Factors and Exogenous Substances Regulate ROS Metabolism under Abiotic Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2106. [PMID: 36358478 PMCID: PMC9686556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are signaling molecules that regulate many biological processes in plants. However, excess ROS induced by biotic and abiotic stresses can destroy biological macromolecules and cause oxidative damage to plants. As the global environment continues to deteriorate, plants inevitably experience abiotic stress. Therefore, in-depth exploration of ROS metabolism and an improved understanding of its regulatory mechanisms are of great importance for regulating cultivated plant growth and developing cultivars that are resilient to abiotic stresses. This review presents current research on the generation and scavenging of ROS in plants and summarizes recent progress in elucidating transcription factor-mediated regulation of ROS metabolism. Most importantly, the effects of applying exogenous substances on ROS metabolism and the potential regulatory mechanisms at play under abiotic stress are summarized. Given the important role of ROS in plants and other organisms, our findings provide insights for optimizing cultivation patterns and for improving plant stress tolerance and growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
- Institute of Vegetables Research, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Binbin Gong
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Guiyun Lü
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-Saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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16
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Joshi A, Jeena GS, Shikha, Kumar RS, Pandey A, Shukla RK. Ocimum sanctum, OscWRKY1, regulates phenylpropanoid pathway genes and promotes resistance to pathogen infection in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 110:235-251. [PMID: 35780285 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01297-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE OscWRKY1 from Ocimum sanctum positively regulates phenylpropanoid pathway genes and rosmarinic acid content. OscWRKY1 overexpression promotes resistance against bacterial pathogen in Arabidopsis. WRKY transcription factor (TF) family regulates various developmental and physiological functions in plants. PAL genes encode enzymes which are involved in plant defense responses, but the direct regulation of PAL genes and phenylpropanoid pathway through WRKY TF's is not well characterized. In the present study, we have characterized an OscWRKY1 gene from Ocimum sanctum which shows induced expression by methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), and wounding. The recombinant OscWRKY1 protein binds to the DIG-labeled (Digoxigenin) W-box cis-element TTGAC[C/T] and activates the LacZ reporter gene in yeast. Overexpression of OscWRKY1 enhances Arabidopsis resistance towards Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato Pst DC3000. Upstream activator sequences of PAL and C4H have been identified to contain the conserved W-box cis-element (TTGACC) in both O. sanctum and Arabidopsis. OscWRKY1 was found to interact with W-box cis-element present in the PAL and C4H promoters. Silencing of OscWRKY1 using VIGS resulted in reduced expression of PAL, C4H, COMT, F5H and 4CL transcripts. OscWRKY1 silenced plants exhibit reduced PAL activity, whereas, the overexpression lines of OscWRKY1 in Arabidopsis exhibit increased PAL activity. Furthermore, the metabolite analysis of OscWRKY1 silenced plants showed reduced rosmarinic acid content. These results revealed that OscWRKY1 positively regulates the phenylpropanoid pathway genes leading to the alteration of rosmarinic acid content and enhances the resistance against bacterial pathogen in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Gajendra Singh Jeena
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Shikha
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Alok Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Shukla
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, P.O. CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Hong Y, Zhang Y, Cui J, Meng J, Chen Y, Zhang C, Yang J, Luan Y. The lncRNA39896-miR166b-HDZs module affects tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1979-1993. [PMID: 35929655 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The yield and quality of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) is seriously affected by Phytophthora infestans. The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Sl-lncRNA39896 is induced after P. infestans infection and was previously predicted to act as an endogenous target mimic (eTM) for the microRNA Sl-miR166b, which function in stress responses. Here, we further examined the role of Sl-lncRNA39896 and Sl-miR166b in tomato resistance to P. infestans. Sl-miR166b levels were higher in Sl-lncRNA39896-knockout mutants than in wild-type plants, and the mutants displayed enhanced resistance to P. infestans. A six-point mutation in the region of Sl-lncRNA39896 that binds to Sl-miR166b disabled the interaction, suggesting that Sl-lncRNA39896 acts as an eTM for Sl-miR166b. Overexpressing Sl-miR166b yielded a similar phenotype to that produced by Sl-lncRNA39896-knockout, whereas silencing of Sl-miR166b impaired resistance. We verified that Sl-miR166b cleaved transcripts of its target class III homeodomain-leucine zipper genes SlHDZ34 and SlHDZ45. Silencing of SlHDZ34/45 decreased pathogen accumulation in plants infected with P. infestans. Additionally, jasmonic acid and ethylene contents were elevated following infection in the plants with enhanced resistance. Sl-lncRNA39896 is the first known lncRNA to negatively regulate resistance to P. infestans in tomato. We propose a novel mechanism in which the lncRNA39896-miR166b-HDZ module modulates resistance to P. infestans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Hong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Jun Cui
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jun Meng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yinhua Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jinxiao Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Koua AP, Oyiga BC, Dadshani S, Benaouda S, Sadeqi MB, Rascher U, Léon J, Ballvora A. Chromosome 3A harbors several pleiotropic and stable drought-responsive alleles for photosynthetic efficiency selected through wheat breeding. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e438. [PMID: 36091876 PMCID: PMC9440346 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is the most severe stress factor in crop production threatening global food security. In this study, we evaluated the genetic variation in photosynthetic traits among 200 wheat cultivars evaluated under drought and rainfed conditions. Significant genotypic, treatments, and their interaction effects were detected for chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Drought stress reduced the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (YII) from the anthesis growth stage on. Leaf chlorophyll content measured at anthesis growth stages was significantly correlated with YII and non-photochemical quenching under drought conditions, suggesting that high throughput chlorophyll content screening can serve as a good indicator of plant drought tolerance status in wheat. Breeding significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency as newer released genotypes had higher YII and chlorophyll content than the older ones. GWAS identified a stable drought-responsive QTL on chromosome 3A for YII, while under rainfed conditions, it detected another QTL on chromosome 7A for chlorophyll content across both growing seasons. Molecular analysis revealed that the associated alleles of AX-158576783 (515.889 Mbp) on 3A co-segregates with the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (TraesCS3A02G287600) gene involved in ATP synthesis coupled electron transport and is proximal to WKRY transcription factor locus. This allele on 3A has been positively selected through breeding and has contributed to increasing the grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Said Dadshani
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
| | - Salma Benaouda
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
| | | | | | - Jens Léon
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
- Field Lab Campus Klein‐AltendorfUniversity of BonnRheinbachGermany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
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19
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Li L, Hong D, An C, Chen Y, Zhao P, Li X, Xiong F, Ren M, Xu R. Overexpression of TaLAX3-1B alters the stomatal aperture and improves the salt stress resistance of tobacco. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:7455-7464. [PMID: 35624389 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stomata, which play important roles in both optimizing photosynthesis efficiency and adapting to stress, are closely related to IAA and ABA. In plants, the auxin influx carrier LAX3 has been found to play roles in development and stress tolerance. However, the function of LAX3 in stomata and in response to salt stress remains largely unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we show that overexpression of wheat TaLAX3-1B in tobacco results in a decrease in stomatal aperture and a relatively closed state of the stomata. In addition, the stomatal movement of the OxTaLAX3-1B lines was less sensitive to ABA than that of the WT. Consistently, compared with the WT, the OxTaLAX3-1B lines showed significantly higher expression of stomate-, IAA- and ABA-related genes and endogenous IAA and ABA contents. Furthermore, compared with the WT, the OxTaLAX3-1B lines exhibited higher proline content, salt stress-related gene expression and ROS antioxidant enzyme activity but lower MDA content and ROS accumulation after salt treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that TaLAX3-1B plays a positive role in regulating stomatal closure and enhancing salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhua Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dingli Hong
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chang An
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yuxuan Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Fumin Xiong
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingjian Ren
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ruhong Xu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Guizhou Sub-Center of National Wheat Improvement Center, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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20
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A Small Gtp-Binding Protein GhROP3 Interacts with GhGGB Protein and Negatively Regulates Drought Tolerance in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11121580. [PMID: 35736735 PMCID: PMC9227279 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As a plant-specific Rho-like small G protein, the ROP (Rho-related GTPase of plants) protein regulates the growth and development of plants and various stress responses in the form of molecular switches. Drought is a major abiotic stress that limits cotton yield and fiber quality. In this study, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technology was used to analyze the biological function of GhROP3 in cotton drought stress tolerance. Meanwhile, we used yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays to examine the interaction between GhROP3 and GhGGB. GhROP3 has a high expression level in cotton true leaves and roots, and responds to drought, high salt, cold, heat stress, and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin (IAA) treatments. Silencing GhROP3 improved the drought tolerance of cotton. The water loss rates (WLR) of detached leaves significantly reduced in silenced plants. Also, the relative water content (RWC) and total contents of chlorophyll (Chl) and proline (Pro) of leaves after drought stress and the activities of three antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) significantly increased, whereas the contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly reduced. In the leaves of silenced plants, the expression of genes related to ABA synthesis and its related pathway was significantly upregulated, and the expression of decomposition-related GhCYP707A gene and genes related to IAA synthesis and its related pathways was significantly downregulated. It indicated that GhROP3 was a negative regulator of cotton response to drought by participating in the negative regulation of the ABA signaling pathway and the positive regulation of the IAA signaling pathway. Yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays showed that the GhROP3 protein interacted with the GhGGB protein in vivo and in vitro. This study provided a theoretical basis for the in-depth investigation of the drought resistance–related molecular mechanism of the GhROP3 gene and the biological function of the GhGGB gene.
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21
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Xu Y, Shang K, Wang C, Yu Z, Zhao X, Song Y, Meng F, Zhu C. WIPK-NtLTP4 pathway confers resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum in tobacco. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:249-261. [PMID: 34697685 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE WIPK-NtLTP4 module improves the resistance to R. solanacearum via upregulating the expression of defense-related genes, increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity, and promoting stomatal closure in tobacco. Lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) are a class of small lipid binding proteins that play important roles in biotic and abiotic stresses. The previous study revealed that NtLTP4 positively regulates salt and drought stresses in Nicotiana tabacum. However, the role of NtLTP4 in biotic stress, especially regarding its function in disease resistance remains unclear. Here, the critical role of NtLTP4 in regulating resistance to Ralstonia solanacearum (R. solanacearum), a causal agent of bacterial wilt disease in tobacco, was reported. The NtLTP4-overexpressing lines markedly improved the resistance to R. solanacearum by upregulating the expression of defense-related genes, increasing the antioxidant enzyme activity, and promoting stomatal closure. Moreover, NtLTP4 interacted with wound-induced protein kinase (WIPK; a homolog of MAPK3 in tobacco) and acted in a genetically epistatic manner to WIPK in planta. WIPK could directly phosphorylate NtLTP4 to positively regulate its protein abundance. Taken together, these results broaden the knowledge about the functions of the WIPK-NtLTP4 module in disease resistance and may provide valuable information for improving tobacco plant tolerance to R. solanacearum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijie Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuechen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunzhi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanxiao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Han D, Tu S, Dai Z, Huang W, Jia W, Xu Z, Shao H. Comparison of selenite and selenate in alleviation of drought stress in Nicotiana tabacum L. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132136. [PMID: 34492417 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous selenium (Se) improves the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress. However, the effects and mechanisms of different Se species on drought stress alleviation are poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate and compare the different effects and mechanisms of sodium selenate (Na2SeO4) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) on the growth, photosynthesis, antioxidant system, osmotic substances and stress-responsive gene expression of Nicotiana tabacum L. under drought stress. The results revealed that drought stress could significantly inhibit growth, whereas both Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3 could significantly facilitate the growth of N. tabacum under drought stress. However, compared to Na2SeO3, Se application as Na2SeO4 induced a significant increase in the root tip number and number of bifurcations under drought stress. Furthermore, both Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3 displayed higher levels of photosynthetic pigments, better photosynthesis, and higher concentrations of osmotic substances, antioxidant enzymes, and stress-responsive gene (NtCDPK2, NtP5CS, NtAREB and NtLEA5) expression than drought stress alone. However, the application of Na2SeO4 showed higher expression levels of the NtP5CS and NtAREB genes than Na2SeO3. Both Na2SeO4 and Na2SeO3 alleviated many of the deleterious effects of drought in leaves, which was achieved by reducing stress-induced lipid peroxidation (MDA) and H2O2 content by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, while Na2SeO4 application showed lower H2O2 and MDA content than Na2SeO3 application. Overall, the results confirm the positive effects of Se application, especially Na2SeO4 application, which is markedly superior to Na2SeO3 in the role of resistance towards abiotic stress in N. tabacum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shuxin Tu
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhihua Dai
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wuxing Huang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wei Jia
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zicheng Xu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Huifang Shao
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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23
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Wani SH, Anand S, Singh B, Bohra A, Joshi R. WRKY transcription factors and plant defense responses: latest discoveries and future prospects. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1071-1085. [PMID: 33860345 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02691-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are among the largest families of transcriptional regulators. In this review, their pivotal role in modulating various signal transduction pathways during biotic and abiotic stresses is discussed. Transcription factors (TFs) are important constituents of plant signaling pathways that define plant responses against biotic and abiotic stimuli besides playing a role in response to internal signals which coordinate different interacting partners during developmental processes. WRKY TFs, deriving their nomenclature from their signature DNA-binding sequence, represent one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators found exclusively in plants. By modulating different signal transduction pathways, these TFs contribute to various plant processes including nutrient deprivation, embryogenesis, seed and trichome development, senescence as well as other developmental and hormone-regulated processes. A growing body of research suggests transcriptional regulation of WRKY TFs in adapting plant to a variety of stressed environments. WRKY TFs can regulate diverse biological functions from receptors for pathogen triggered immunity, modulator of chromatin for specific interaction and signal transfer through a complicated network of genes. Latest discoveries illustrate the interaction of WRKY proteins with other TFs to form an integral part of signaling webs that regulate several seemingly disparate processes and defense-related genes, thus establishing their significant contributions to plant immune response. The present review starts with a brief description on the structural characteristics of WRKY TFs followed by the sections that present recent evidence on their roles in diverse biological processes in plants. We provide a comprehensive overview on regulatory crosstalks involving WRKY TFs during multiple stress responses in plants and future prospects of WRKY TFs as promising molecular diagnostics for enhancing crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabir H Wani
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher‑e‑Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 192101, India
| | - Shruti Anand
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Sher‑e‑Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K 192101, India
| | - Balwant Singh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208024, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Division of Biotechnology, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176061, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201002, India.
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24
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Son GH, Moon J, Shelake RM, Vuong UT, Ingle RA, Gassmann W, Kim JY, Kim SH. Conserved Opposite Functions in Plant Resistance to Biotrophic and Necrotrophic Pathogens of the Immune Regulator SRFR1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6427. [PMID: 34204013 PMCID: PMC8233967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant immunity is mediated in large part by specific interactions between a host resistance protein and a pathogen effector protein, named effector-triggered immunity (ETI). ETI needs to be tightly controlled both positively and negatively to enable normal plant growth because constitutively activated defense responses are detrimental to the host. In previous work, we reported that mutations in SUPPRESSOR OF rps4-RLD1 (SRFR1), identified in a suppressor screen, reactivated EDS1-dependent ETI to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pto) DC3000. Besides, mutations in SRFR1 boosted defense responses to the generalist chewing insect Spodoptera exigua and the sugar beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Here, we show that mutations in SRFR1 enhance susceptibility to the fungal necrotrophs Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) and Botrytis cinerea in Arabidopsis. To translate knowledge obtained in AtSRFR1 research to crops, we generated SlSRFR1 alleles in tomato using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Interestingly, slsrfr1 mutants increased expression of SA-pathway defense genes and enhanced resistance to Pto DC3000. In contrast, slsrfr1 mutants elevated susceptibility to FOL. Together, these data suggest that SRFR1 is functionally conserved in both Arabidopsis and tomato and functions antagonistically as a negative regulator to (hemi-) biotrophic pathogens and a positive regulator to necrotrophic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geon Hui Son
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Jiyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Uyen Thi Vuong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Robert A. Ingle
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa;
| | - Walter Gassmann
- Division of Plant Sciences, Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center and Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (G.H.S.); (J.M.); (R.M.S.); (U.T.V.); (J.-Y.K.)
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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25
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Manna M, Thakur T, Chirom O, Mandlik R, Deshmukh R, Salvi P. Transcription factors as key molecular target to strengthen the drought stress tolerance in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:847-868. [PMID: 33180329 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Amid apprehension of global climate change, crop plants are inevitably confronted with a myriad of abiotic stress factors during their growth that inflicts a serious threat to their development and overall productivity. These abiotic stresses comprise extreme temperature, pH, high saline soil, and drought stress. Among different abiotic stresses, drought is considered the most calamitous stressor with its serious impact on the crops' yield stability. The development of climate-resilient crops that withstands reduced water availability is a major focus of the scientific fraternity to ensure the food security of the sharply increasing population. Numerous studies aim to recognize the key regulators of molecular and biochemical processes associated with drought stress tolerance response. A few potential candidates are now considered as promising targets for crop improvement. Transcription factors act as a key regulatory switch controlling the gene expression of diverse biological processes and, eventually, the metabolic processes. Understanding the role and regulation of the transcription factors will facilitate the crop improvement strategies intending to develop and deliver agronomically-superior crops. Therefore, in this review, we have emphasized the molecular avenues of the transcription factors that can be exploited to engineer drought tolerance potential in crop plants. We have discussed the molecular role of several transcription factors, such as basic leucine zipper (bZIP), dehydration responsive element binding (DREB), DNA binding with one finger (DOF), heat shock factor (HSF), MYB, NAC, TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF (TCP), and WRKY. We have also highlighted candidate transcription factors that can be used for the development of drought-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Manna
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanika Thakur
- Agriculture Biotechnology Department, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Oceania Chirom
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Rushil Mandlik
- Agriculture Biotechnology Department, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Agriculture Biotechnology Department, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Prafull Salvi
- Agriculture Biotechnology Department, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
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26
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Hong Y, Meng J, He X, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang C, Qi H, Luan Y. Editing miR482b and miR482c Simultaneously by CRISPR/Cas9 Enhanced Tomato Resistance to Phytophthora infestans. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1008-1016. [PMID: 33258411 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-20-0360-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is severely damaging to the global tomato industry. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been widely demonstrated to play vital roles in plant resistance by repressing their target genes. Recently, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) method has been continuously improved and extensively applied to edit plant genomes. However, editing multiplex miRNAs by CRISPR/Cas9 in tomato has not been studied yet. We knocked out miR482b and miR482c simultaneously in tomato through the multiplex CRISPR/Cas9 system. Two transgenic plants with silenced miR482b and miR482c simultaneously and one transgenic line with silenced miR482b alone were obtained. Compared with wild-type plants, the disease symptoms of three transgenic plants upon infection were reduced, accompanied by increased expression of their common target nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat genes and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, silencing miR482b and miR482c simultaneously was more resistant than silencing miR482b alone in tomato. More importantly, we found that knocking out miR482b and miR482c can elicit expression perturbation of other miRNAs, suggesting cross-regulation between miRNAs. Our study demonstrated that editing miR482b and miR482c simultaneously with CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient strategy for generating pathogen-resistant tomatoes, and cross-regulation between miRNAs may reveal the novel mechanism in tomato-P. infestans interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Hong
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jun Meng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoli He
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Yarong Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chengwei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Maize DNA Fingerprinting and Molecular Breeding, Beijing Academy of Agriculture & Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Hongyan Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture, Ministry of Education/Northern National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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27
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Sato K, Uehara T, Holbein J, Sasaki-Sekimoto Y, Gan P, Bino T, Yamaguchi K, Ichihashi Y, Maki N, Shigenobu S, Ohta H, Franke RB, Siddique S, Grundler FMW, Suzuki T, Kadota Y, Shirasu K. Transcriptomic Analysis of Resistant and Susceptible Responses in a New Model Root-Knot Nematode Infection System Using Solanum torvum and Meloidogyne arenaria. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:680151. [PMID: 34122492 PMCID: PMC8194700 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.680151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most devastating pests in agriculture. Solanum torvum Sw. (Turkey berry) has been used as a rootstock for eggplant (aubergine) cultivation because of its resistance to RKNs, including Meloidogyne incognita and M. arenaria. We previously found that a pathotype of M. arenaria, A2-J, is able to infect and propagate in S. torvum. In vitro infection assays showed that S. torvum induced the accumulation of brown pigments during avirulent pathotype A2-O infection, but not during virulent A2-J infection. This experimental system is advantageous because resistant and susceptible responses can be distinguished within a few days, and because a single plant genome can yield information about both resistant and susceptible responses. Comparative RNA-sequencing analysis of S. torvum inoculated with A2-J and A2-O at early stages of infection was used to parse the specific resistance and susceptible responses. Infection with A2-J did not induce statistically significant changes in gene expression within one day post-inoculation (DPI), but afterward, A2-J specifically induced the expression of chalcone synthase, spermidine synthase, and genes related to cell wall modification and transmembrane transport. Infection with A2-O rapidly induced the expression of genes encoding class III peroxidases, sesquiterpene synthases, and fatty acid desaturases at 1 DPI, followed by genes involved in defense, hormone signaling, and the biosynthesis of lignin at 3 DPI. Both isolates induced the expression of suberin biosynthetic genes, which may be triggered by wounding during nematode infection. Histochemical analysis revealed that A2-O, but not A2-J, induced lignin accumulation at the root tip, suggesting that physical reinforcement of cell walls with lignin is an important defense response against nematodes. The S. torvum-RKN system can provide a molecular basis for understanding plant-nematode interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Sato
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Taketo Uehara
- Central Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Julia Holbein
- INRES – Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuko Sasaki-Sekimoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Pamela Gan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Bino
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | | | - Noriko Maki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rochus B. Franke
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- INRES – Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- INRES – Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kadota
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ken Shirasu
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
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Li J, Zhao S, Yu X, Du W, Li H, Sun Y, Sun H, Ruan C. Role of Xanthoceras sorbifolium MYB44 in tolerance to combined drought and heat stress via modulation of stomatal closure and ROS homeostasis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 162:410-420. [PMID: 33740680 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) is an important edible woody oil tree species that is endemic to China. Drought and heat stresses are factors severely limiting the high-quality development of the yellowhorn industry. Transcription factors (TFs) play critical roles in regulating the response of woody plant species to water deficit or high temperature. However, the MYB TFs that respond to combined drought and heat stress in yellowhorn remain unclear. Here, we first investigated the physiological changes in 5 yellowhorn varieties in response to combined stress treatments. We observed significant changes in antioxidant enzyme activities and photosynthesis. The Maigaiti variety yielded the best results and was selected for subsequent experiments. An R2R3-type MYB TF, designated XsMYB44, was isolated from the leaves of yellowhorn. XsMYB44 expression was strongly induced by combined stress. Suppression of XsMYB44 expression via virus-induced gene silencing weakened yellowhorn tolerance to both individual and combined drought and heat stress, and the increased susceptibility was coupled with decreased plant height, fresh weight and relative water content and inhibited stomatal closure. Moreover, compared with the individual stresses, the combined stress caused increased reactive oxygen species levels and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and proline content in XsMYB44-silenced plants. Furthermore, the expression levels of several defense-related genes were reduced in the XsMYB44-silenced plants. Overall, we studied the physiological characteristics of 5 yellowhorn varieties, and the results demonstrated that XsMYB44 acts as a positive regulator in the yellowhorn response to combined stress by triggering stomatal closure to maintain water levels and by modulating ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China; Divisions of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Shang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Xue Yu
- Divisions of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Wei Du
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Hao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Chengjiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China.
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Qu R, Cao Y, Tang X, Sun L, Wei L, Wang K. Identification and expression analysis of the WRKY gene family in Isatis indigotica. Gene 2021; 783:145561. [PMID: 33705810 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The WRKY proteins, which represent one of the largest families of transcriptional regulators in plants, play pivotal roles in regulating multiple processes of growth and development, particularly in diverse stress responses. Isatis indigotica is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine and is famous for its use as a dye for the color indigo. However, reports of the WRKY gene family in I. indigotica are limited. In this study, 64 IiWRKY genes encoding proteins with the complete WRKY domain were identified from genome of I. indigotica. Based on their structure and phylogenetic relationships of this gene family in I. indigotica, the IiWRKY genes were classified into three groups: Group I (n = 13), Group II (n = 35) and Group III (n = 16). Sequence alignment revealed that IiWRKY proteins harbored two variants, WRKYRQK and WRKYGKK, of the highly conserved WRKYGQK motif. The number of exons in IiWRKY genes varied from two to 14, with most of IiWRKY genes containing three exons. Investigation of gene duplication demonstrated that 10 and 14 IiWRKY genes were incorporated in tandem and segmental duplication events, respectively. Finally, the expression profiles derived from transcriptome data and quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed distinct expression patterns of these IiWRKY gene in five different organs or in response to four abiotic stresses. Taken together, our results will contribute to functional analysis of IiWRKY genes, and also provide a basis for further clarification of the molecular mechanism of stress responses in this important herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjun Qu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yiwen Cao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Tang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Liqiong Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lian Wei
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Kangcai Wang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhu X, Zhang N, Liu X, Li S, Yang J, Hong X, Wang F, Si H. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 (MAPK11) maintains growth and photosynthesis of potato plant under drought condition. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:491-506. [PMID: 33388892 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE StMAPK11 overexpression promotes potato growth, physiological activities and photosynthesis under drought conditions. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are import regulators of MAPK pathway in plants under drought condition. However, the critical role in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) drought resistance is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of StMAPK11 under drought stress. The result of RT-qPCR for assay of StMAPKs expression demonstrated that 15 StMAPKs were differentially expressed in leaves, flowers, petioles, stamens, pistils, stems, stolons, roots, tubers and tuber peels of potato. StMAPKs was dynamically modulated by abiotic stresses and plant hormone treatments, and StMAPK11 was apparently up-regulated under drought conditions. Therefore, the vectors pCPB-StMAPK11 and pCPBI121-miRmapk11 for over-expression and down-regulation of StMAPK11 were constructed, respectively, and introduced into potato cultivar Atlantic. The result showed that StMAPK11 promoted potato growth under drought conditions, as well as the physiological activities evidenced by changes in SOD, CAT and POD activity and H2O2, proline and MDA content. StMAPK11 up-regulation intensified drought resistance of potato plant by elevating antioxidant activities and photosynthesis. Moreover, we consolidated the protective role of StMAPK11 in tobacco and Arabidopsis against drought stress. The result could provide new insights into the function of StMAPK11 in drought response and its possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigui Li
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xusheng Hong
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaijun Si
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Wang Y, Feng G, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Ma F, Zhou Y, Gross R, Xu H, Wang R, Xiao F, Liu Y, Niu X. Overexpression of Pti4, Pti5, and Pti6 in tomato promote plant defense and fruit ripening. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 302:110702. [PMID: 33288015 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) is a pathogenic microorganism that causes bacterial speck disease and affects tomato yield and quality. Pto is a disease resistant gene for plant to recognize and defense against Pst. Pto interacts with Pti (Pto interacting) proteins, which include three transcription factors, Pti4, Pti5, Pti6, and they were thought to be downstream of Pto-mediated pathway to promote the expression of disease-related genes. In the present work, the overexpression plants of Pti4, Pti5 or Pti6 were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in tomato. The Pti4/5/6-overexpressed lines indicated enhanced expression of pathogenesis-related genes and resistance to pathogenic bacteria Pst DC3000. Meanwhile, the transgenic plants showed that Pti4/5/6 function in ripening but performed no obvious adverse influence on flowering time, seed-setting rate, weight and soluble solids content of fruits. Furthermore, Pti-overexpressed fruits exhibited increased enzymatic activities of phenylalnine ammonialyase, catalase, peroxidase and decreased content of malondialdehyde. Additionally, cell-free and in vivo ubiquitination assay indicated that Pti4, Pti5 and Pti6 degraded by 26S proteasome which suggested that these Pti transcription regulators' functions could be regulated by ubiquitin-mediated post translational regulation in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Guodong Feng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yilong Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Fei Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Rachel Gross
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Huanhuan Xu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Ruipeng Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Fangming Xiao
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China; School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Xiangli Niu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
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Wang D, Wang L, Su W, Ren Y, You C, Zhang C, Que Y, Su Y. A class III WRKY transcription factor in sugarcane was involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20964. [PMID: 33262418 PMCID: PMC7708483 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors play significant roles in plant stress responses. In this study, a class III WRKY gene ScWRKY5, was successfully isolated from sugarcane variety ROC22. The ScWRKY5 was a nucleus protein with transcriptional activation activity. The ScWRKY5 gene was constitutively expressed in all the sugarcane tissues, with the highest expression level in the stem epidermis and the lowest in the root. After inoculation with Sporisorium scitamineum for 1 d, the expression level of ScWRKY5 was significantly increased in two smut-resistant varieties (YZ01-1413 and LC05-136), while it was decreased in three smut-susceptible varieties (ROC22, YZ03-103, and FN40). Besides, the expression level of ScWRKY5 was increased by the plant hormones salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA), as well as the abiotic factors polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium chloride (NaCl). Transient overexpression of the ScWRKY5 gene enhanced the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to the tobacco bacterial pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, however the transiently overexpressed N. benthamiana was more sensitive to the tobacco fungal pathogen Fusarium solani var. coeruleum. These results provide a reference for further research on the resistance function of sugarcane WRKY genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Weihua Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yongjuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Chuihuai You
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Chang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Youxiong Que
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Yachun Su
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
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Xiong C, Zhao S, Yu X, Sun Y, Li H, Ruan C, Li J. Yellowhorn drought-induced transcription factor XsWRKY20 acts as a positive regulator in drought stress through ROS homeostasis and ABA signaling pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 155:187-195. [PMID: 32771930 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium) is a peculiar woody edible oil-bearing tree in China. WRKY transcription factors have specific roles in plant multiple abiotic stress responses. However, it is still not clear that the molecular mechanisms of WRKYs involve in drought tolerance in yellowhorn. In this study, we isolated a drought-induced group I WRKY gene from yellowhorn, designated as XsWRKY20. Expression of XsWRKY20 was strongly induced by PEG6000, NaCl, ABA and SA. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of XsWRKY20 reduced tolerance to drought stress in yellowhorn, as determined through physiological analyses of POD activity, SOD activity and proline content. This susceptibility was coupled with decreased expression of stress-related genes. In contrast, overexpression of XsWRKY20 in tobacco notably improved drought tolerance. Compared with the WT plants, the XsWRKY20-transgenic lines exhibited lower ROS and MDA content and higher antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content after drought treatment. Moreover, overexpression of XsWRKY20 enhanced the expression of several genes associated with encoding these antioxidant enzymes, proline biosynthesis and ABA signaling pathway. Taken together, XsWRKY20 functions as a positive regulator contributing to drought stress tolerance through either ROS homeostasis by antioxidant systems or ABA-dependent/independent gene expression pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaowei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Shang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Xue Yu
- Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China
| | - Ying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Chengjiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China
| | - Jingbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization-Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, PR China; Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, PR China.
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34
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Cheng W, Jiang Y, Peng J, Guo J, Lin M, Jin C, Huang J, Tang W, Guan D, He S. The transcriptional reprograming and functional identification of WRKY family members in pepper's response to Phytophthora capsici infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:256. [PMID: 32493221 PMCID: PMC7271409 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant transcription factors (TFs) are key transcriptional regulators to manipulate the regulatory network of host immunity. However, the globally transcriptional reprogramming of plant TF families in response to pathogens, especially between the resistant and susceptible host plants, remains largely unknown. RESULTS Here, we performed time-series RNA-seq from a resistant pepper line CM334 and a susceptible pepper line EC01 upon challenged with Phytophthora capsici, and enrichment analysis indicated that WRKY family most significantly enriched in both CM334 and EC01. Interestingly, we found that nearly half of the WRKY family members were significantly up-regulated, whereas none of them were down-regulated in the two lines. These induced WRKY genes were greatly overlapped between CM334 and EC01. More strikingly, most of these induced WRKY genes were expressed in time-order patterns, and could be mainly divided into three subgroups: early response (3 h-up), mid response (24 h-up) and mid-late response (ML-up) genes. Moreover, it was found that the responses of these ML-up genes were several hours delayed in EC01. Furthermore, a total of 19 induced WRKY genes were selected for functional identification by virus-induced gene silencing. The result revealed that silencing of CaWRKY03-6, CaWRKY03-7, CaWRKY06-5 or CaWRKY10-4 significantly increase the susceptibility to P. capsici both in CM334 and EC01, indicating that they might contribute to pepper's basal defense against P. capsici; while silencing of CaWRKY08-4 and CaWRKY01-10 significantly impaired the disease resistance in CM334 but not in EC01, suggesting that these two WRKY genes are prominent modulators specifically in the resistant pepper plants. CONCLUSIONS These results considerably extend our understanding of WRKY gene family in pepper's resistance against P. capsici and provide potential applications for genetic improvement against phytophthora blight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiangtao Peng
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jianwen Guo
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Menglan Lin
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Chengting Jin
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jinfeng Huang
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Weiqi Tang
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Shuilin He
- National Education Minister Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
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Reis RR, Mertz-Henning LM, Marcolino-Gomes J, Rodrigues FA, Rockenbach-Marin S, Fuganti-Pagliarini R, Koltun A, Gonçalves LSA, Nepomuceno AL. Differential gene expression in response to water deficit in leaf and root tissues of soybean genotypes with contrasting tolerance profiles. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180290. [PMID: 32478791 PMCID: PMC7263426 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the major limitations to soybean production worldwide, yet the genetic basis of drought-responsive mechanisms in crops remains poorly understood. In order to study the gene expression patterns in leaves and roots of soybean, two contrasting genotypes, Embrapa 48 (drought-tolerant) and BR 16 (drought-sensitive), were evaluated under moderate and severe water deficit. Transcription factors from the AP2/EREBP and WRKY families were investigated. Embrapa 48 showed 770 more up-regulated genes than BR 16, in eight categories. In general, leaves presented more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) than roots. Embrapa 48 responded to water deficit faster than BR 16, presenting a greater number of DEGs since the first signs of drought. Embrapa 48 exhibited initial modulation of genes associated with stress, while maintaining the level of the ones related to basic functions. The genes expressed exclusively in the drought-tolerant cultivar, belonging to the category of dehydration responsive genes, and the ones with a contrasting expression pattern between the genotypes are examples of important candidates to confer tolerance to plants. Finally, this study identified genes of the AP2/EREBP and WRKY families related to drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela Ribeiro Reis
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia e Departamento de Agronomia, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Juliana Marcolino-Gomes
- Embrapa Soybean, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Londrina, PR, Brazil.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana Rockenbach-Marin
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Biologia e Departamento de Agronomia, Londrina, PR, Brazil.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Renata Fuganti-Pagliarini
- Embrapa Soybean, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Londrina, PR, Brazil.,Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Shingote PR, Kawar PG, Pagariya MC, Muley AB, Babu KH. Isolation and functional validation of stress tolerant EaMYB18 gene and its comparative physio-biochemical analysis with transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing SoMYB18 and SsMYB18. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:225. [PMID: 32373417 PMCID: PMC7196118 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02197-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
MYB transcription factors are one of the most important mediators for the survival of plants under multiple stress responses. In the present study, EaMYB18, encoding a single R3 repeat MYB DNA binding domain was isolated from stress-tolerant wild relative species of sugarcane Erianthus arundinaceus. In silico analysis of 948 bp coding mRNA sequence of EaMYB18 exhibited the presence of four exons and three introns. Further, the EaMYB18 gene was transformed in tobacco and its stable inheritance was confirmed through antibiotic resistance screening, PCR amplification and Southern hybridization blotting. Results of the estimation of MDA, proline, total chlorophyll and antioxidant activities of EaMYB18 transgenic tobacco lines exhibited least oxidative damage under drought and cold stress over the untransformed ones, the over-expression of EaMYB18 has improved drought and cold stress tolerance ability in tobacco. The comparative physiological and biochemical analysis of transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing SoMYB18, SsMYB18 and EaMYB18, revealed that the EaMYB18 and SsMYB18 transgenic plants demonstrated effective tolerance to drought and cold stresses, while SoMYB18 showed improved tolerance to salt stress alone. Amongst these three genes, EaMYB18 displayed the highest potential for drought and cold stress tolerances as compared to SoMYB18 and SsMYB18 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Raghunath Shingote
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Tal. Haveli, Pune, Maharashtra 412307 India
- Vasantrao Naik College of Agricultural Biotechnology, Waghapur Road, Yavatmal, Maharashtra 445001 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416004 India
| | - Prashant Govindrao Kawar
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Tal. Haveli, Pune, Maharashtra 412307 India
- ICAR-Directorate of Floriculture Research, College of Agricultural Campus, Shivaji Nagar, Pune, Maharashtra 411005 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416004 India
| | - Madhuri Chandrakant Pagariya
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Tal. Haveli, Pune, Maharashtra 412307 India
- Department of Botany, BJS Arts, Science and Commerce College, Bakori Phata, Wagholi, Pune, Maharashtra 412207 India
| | - Abhijeet Bhimrao Muley
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Tal. Haveli, Pune, Maharashtra 412307 India
| | - K. H. Babu
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Division, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Manjari (Bk), Tal. Haveli, Pune, Maharashtra 412307 India
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Singh NK, Shukla P, Kirti PB. A CBL-interacting protein kinase AdCIPK5 confers salt and osmotic stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Sci Rep 2020; 10:418. [PMID: 31941979 PMCID: PMC6962456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57383-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
CBL interacting protein kinases play important roles in adaptation to stress conditions. In the present study, we isolated a CBL-interacting protein kinase homolog (AdCIPK5) from a wild peanut (Arachis diogoi) with similarity to AtCIPK5 of Arabidopsis. Expression analyses in leaves of the wild peanut showed AdCIPK5 induction by exogenous signaling molecules including salicylic acid, abscisic acid and ethylene or abiotic stress factors like salt, PEG and sorbitol. The recombinant AdCIPK5-GFP protein was found to be localized to the nucleus, plasma membrane and cytoplasm. We overexpressed AdCIPK5 in tobacco plants and checked their level of tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. While wild type and transgenic plants displayed no significant differences to the treatment with the phytopathogen, Phytophthora parasitica pv nicotianae, the expression of AdCIPK5 increased salt and osmotic tolerance in transgenic plants. Analysis of different physiological parameters revealed that the transgenic plants maintained higher chlorophyll content and catalase activity with lower levels of H2O2 and MDA content during the abiotic stress conditions. AdCIPK5 overexpression also contributed to the maintenance of a higher the K+/Na+ ratio under salt stress. The enhanced tolerance of transgenic plants was associated with elevated expression of stress-related marker genes; NtERD10C, NtERD10D, NtNCED1, NtSus1, NtCAT and NtSOS1. Taken together, these results indicate that AdCIPK5 is a positive regulator of salt and osmotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar Singh
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India.
- Agricultural Research Organization-the Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel.
| | - Pawan Shukla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
- Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Central Silk Board, NH-1A, Gallandar, Pampore, 192121, J & K, India
| | - P B Kirti
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
- Agri Biotech Foundation, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500030, India
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Cui X, Yan Q, Gan S, Xue D, Wang H, Xing H, Zhao J, Guo N. GmWRKY40, a member of the WRKY transcription factor genes identified from Glycine max L., enhanced the resistance to Phytophthora sojae. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:598. [PMID: 31888478 PMCID: PMC6937711 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The WRKY proteins are a superfamily of transcription factors and members play essential roles in the modulation of diverse physiological processes, such as growth, development, senescence and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the biological roles of the majority of the WRKY family members remains poorly understood in soybean relative to the research progress in model plants. RESULTS In this study, we identified and characterized GmWRKY40, which is a group IIc WRKY gene. Transient expression analysis revealed that the GmWRKY40 protein is located in the nucleus of plant cells. Expression of GmWRKY40 was strongly induced in soybean following infection with Phytophthora sojae, or treatment with methyl jasmonate, ethylene, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid. Furthermore, soybean hairy roots silencing GmWRKY40 enhanced susceptibility to P. sojae infection compared with empty vector transgenic roots. Moreover, suppression of GmWRKY40 decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and modified the expression of several oxidation-related genes. Yeast two-hybrid experiment combined with RNA-seq analysis showed that GmWRKY40 interacted with 8 JAZ proteins with or without the WRKY domain or zinc-finger domain of GmWRKY40, suggesting there were different interaction patterns among these interacted proteins. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggests that GmWRKY40 functions as a positive regulator in soybean plants response to P. sojae through modulating hydrogen peroxide accumulation and JA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Cui
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Qiang Yan
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Shuping Gan
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Dong Xue
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Haitang Wang
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Han Xing
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jinming Zhao
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Na Guo
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetics and Breeding for Soybean, Ministry of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
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Chen Z, Xu J, Wang F, Wang L, Xu Z. Morpho-physiological and proteomic responses to water stress in two contrasting tobacco varieties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18523. [PMID: 31811189 PMCID: PMC6898209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) tolerance to drought stress, we integrated anatomical, physiological, and proteomic analyses of drought-tolerant (Yuyan6, [Y6]) and -sensitive (Yunyan87 [Y87]) varieties. In comparison to Y87, Y6 exhibited higher water retention capability, improved photosynthetic performance, delayed leaf-senescence, stable leaf ultrastructure, a stronger antioxidant defense, and lesser ROS accumulation when subjected to water stress. Using an iTRAQ-based proteomics approach, 405 and 1,560 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified from Y6 and Y87 plants, respectively, of which 114 were found to be present in both cultivars. A subsequent functional characterization analysis revealed that these DAPs were significantly enriched in eight biological processes, six molecular functions, and six cellular components and displayed differential expression patterns in Y6 and Y87 plants, suggesting that the response to water stress between both varieties differed at the proteomic level. Furthermore, we constructed protein coexpression networks and identified hub proteins regulating tobacco defenses to water stress. Additionally, qPCR analysis indicated that the majority of genes encoding selected proteins showed consistency between mRNA levels and their corresponding protein expression levels. Our results provide new insights into the genetic regulatory mechanisms associated with drought response in tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiayang Xu
- Agronomy and Biotechnology College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fazhan Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zicheng Xu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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40
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Begcy K, Mariano ED, Lembke CG, Zingaretti SM, Souza GM, Araújo P, Menossi M. Overexpression of an evolutionarily conserved drought-responsive sugarcane gene enhances salinity and drought resilience. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2019; 124:691-700. [PMID: 31125059 PMCID: PMC6821327 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Improving drought adaptation is more pressing for crops such as sugarcane, rice, wheat and maize, given the high dependence of these crops on irrigation. One option for enhancing adaptation to water limitation in plants is by transgenic approaches. An increasing number of genes that are associated with mechanisms used by plants to cope with water scarcity have been discovered. Genes encoding proteins with unknown functions comprise a relevant fraction of the genes that are modulated by drought. We characterized a gene in response to environmental stresses to gain insight into the unknown fraction of the sugarcane genome. Scdr2 (Sugarcane drought-responsive 2) encodes a small protein and shares highly conserved sequences within monocots, dicots, algae and fungi. METHODS Plants overexpressing the Scdr2 sugarcane gene were examined in response to salinity and drought. Measurements of the gas exchange parameters, germination rate, water content, dry mass and oxidative damage were performed. Seeds as well as juvenile plants were used to explore the resilience level of the transgenic plants when compared with wild-type plants. KEY RESULTS Overexpression of Scdr2 enhanced germination rates in tobacco seeds under drought and salinity conditions. Juvenile transgenic plants overexpressing Scdr2 and subjected to drought and salinity stresses showed higher photosynthesis levels, internal CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance, reduced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in the leaves, no penalty for photosystem II and faster recovery after submission to both stress conditions. Respiration was not strongly affected by both stresses in the Scdr2 transgenic plants, whereas wild-type plants exhibited increased respiration rates. CONCLUSIONS Scdr2 is involved in the response mechanism to abiotic stresses. Higher levels of Scdr2 enhanced resilience to salinity and drought, and this protection correlated with reduced oxidative damage. Scdr2 confers, at the physiological level, advantages to climate limitations. Therefore, Scdr2 is a potential target for improving sugarcane resilience to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Begcy
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo D Mariano
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- Present address: Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Araras, Brazil
| | - Carolina G Lembke
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sonia Marli Zingaretti
- Unidade de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glaucia M Souza
- Laboratório de Transdução de Sinal, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Araújo
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Menossi
- Laboratório de Genoma Funcional, Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
- For correspondence. E-mail
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Deng C, Hao X, Shi M, Fu R, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Zhou W, Feng Y, Makunga NP, Kai G. Tanshinone production could be increased by the expression of SmWRKY2 in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 284:1-8. [PMID: 31084862 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tanshinones are the main bioactive diterpenes in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, are widely used for treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the biosynthetic mechanisms of these compounds have not yet been fully explained. In this study, a transcription factor named SmWRKY2 was isolated and functionally characterized. Multiple sequence analysis indicated it was classified into subgroup I of the WRKY family. Expression pattern showed that SmWRKY2 was mainly expressed in the stem and leaf and was inducible by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment. Subcellular localization showed that SmWRKY2 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of SmWRKY2 in S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots significantly increased the expression of SmDXS2 and SmCPS, resulting in increased accumulation of tanshinones and the highest total tanshinone content was detected in OE-SmWRKY2-1 line, which was 1.83 times of the control. Meanwhile, tanshinone production was slightly reduced in the antisense-SmWRKY2 line. Dual-Luciferase assay showed that SmWRKY2 can positively regulate SmDXS2 and SmCPS expression, However, Y1H and EMSA experiments indicate that SmWRKY2 only binds to the W-box of the SmCPS promoter. Our study shows that SmWRKY2 is a positive regulator of tanshinone biosynthesis by mainly activating SmCPS. This study thus sheds new light on the regulatory role of SmWRKY2 in tanshinone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Deng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China; Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Rong Fu
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Yue Feng
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China
| | - Nokwanda P Makunga
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7600, South Africa.
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, College of pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, PR China; Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, PR China.
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Prakash V, Chakraborty S. Identification of transcription factor binding sites on promoter of RNA dependent RNA polymerases ( RDRs) and interacting partners of RDR proteins through in silico analysis. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:1055-1071. [PMID: 31402824 PMCID: PMC6656839 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
RNA silencing phenomenon in plants provides resistance to various pathogens and also, it maintains genome integrity. The process of RNA silencing is regulated by diverse proteins, among which RNA dependent RNA polymerases (RDRs) are very crucial for the amplification of small RNAs (sRNAs). Out of various RDR proteins present in plants, role of RDR1, RDR2 and RDR6 for providing resistance against various biotic stresses have been well documented. In contrast, very few information is available regarding the role of RDR3, RDR4 and RDR5 proteins in plant biology and stress response. Furthermore, the regulation of RDRs is not yet known. Here, we have carried out in silico studies for identification of the transcription factor (TF) binding sites on the promoter of RDR1-6 genes of various plant species. Among the TFs predicted to bind on the promoter of RDRs, MYB44, AS1/AS2, WRKY1 are the major one. Furthermore, putative interacting protein partners of RDRs proteins of tomato and rice were also predicted by STRING database which suggests that DCL (Dicer-like) proteins are strong candidate proteins as the interacting partners of RDRs. The knowledge of regulation of RDRs and its interacting protein partners might help in developing resistant plants to biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ved Prakash
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Supriya Chakraborty
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
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43
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Cui J, Jiang N, Meng J, Yang G, Liu W, Zhou X, Ma N, Hou X, Luan Y. LncRNA33732-respiratory burst oxidase module associated with WRKY1 in tomato- Phytophthora infestans interactions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 97:933-946. [PMID: 30472748 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that tomato WRKY1 transcription factor acts as a positive regulator during tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans. However, the molecular mechanism of WRKY1-mediated resistance regulation remains unclear. Here, we used a comparative transcriptome analysis between wild-type and WRKY1-overexpressing tomato plants to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and long non-coding RNAs (DELs), and we examined long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-gene networks. The promoter sequences of the upregulated DEGs and DELs were analyzed. Among 1073 DEGs and 199 DELs, 1 kb 5'-upstream regions of 59 DEGs and 22 DELs contain the W-box, the target sequence of the WRKY1. The results of promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion and yeast one-hybrid assay showed that lncRNA33732 was activated by WRKY1 through sequence-specific interactions with the W-box element in its promoter. The overexpression and silencing analysis of lncRNA33732 in tomato showed that lncRNA33732 acts as a positive regulator and enhanced tomato resistance to P. infestans by induction of the expression of respiratory burst oxidase (RBOH) and increase in the accumulation of H2 O2 . When the expression of RBOH gene was inhibited in tomato plants, H2 O2 accumulation decreased and resistance were impaired. These findings suggest that lncRNA33732 activated by WRKY1 induces RBOH expression to increase H2 O2 accumulation in early defense reaction of tomato to P. infestans attack. Our results provide insights into the WRKY1-lncRNA33732-RBOH module involved in the regulation of H2 O2 accumulation and resistance to P. infestans, as well as provide candidates to enhance broad-spectrum resistance to pathogens in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cui
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jun Meng
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Guanglei Yang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaoxu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Ning Ma
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xinxin Hou
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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Ma Q, Xia Z, Cai Z, Li L, Cheng Y, Liu J, Nian H. GmWRKY16 Enhances Drought and Salt Tolerance Through an ABA-Mediated Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 9:1979. [PMID: 30740122 PMCID: PMC6357947 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are one of the largest families of TFs in plants and play multiple roles in plant development and stress response. In the present study, GmWRKY16 encoding a WRKY transcription factor in soybean was functionally characterized in Arabidopsis. GmWRKY16 is a nuclear protein that contains a highly conserved WRKY domain and a C2H2 zinc-finger structure, and has the characteristics of transcriptional activation ability, presenting a constitutive expression pattern with relative expression levels of over fourfold in the old leaves, flowers, seeds and roots of soybean. The results of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that GmWRKY16 could be induced by salt, alkali, ABA, drought and PEG-6000. As compared with the control, overexpression of GmWRKY16 in Arabidopsis increased the seed germination rate and root growth of seedlings in transgenic lines under higher concentrations of mannitol, NaCl and ABA. In the meantime, GmWRKY16 transgenic lines showed over 75% survival rate after rehydration and enhanced Arabidopsis tolerance to salt and drought with higher proline and lower MDA accumulation, less water loss of the detached leaves, and accumulated more endogenous ABA than the control under stress conditions. Further studies showed that AtWRKY8, KIN1, and RD29A were induced in GmWRKY16 transgenic plants under NaCl treatment. The expressions of the ABA biosynthesis gene (NCED3), signaling genes (ABI1, ABI2, ABI4, and ABI5), responsive genes (RD29A, COR15A, COR15B, and RD22) and stress-related marker genes (KIN1, LEA14, LEA76, and CER3) were regulated in transgenic lines under drought stress. In summary, these results suggest that GmWRKY16 as a WRKY TF may promote tolerance to drought and salt stresses through an ABA-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenglin Xia
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Li
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Liu
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Engineering Research Center of Plant Space Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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WRKYs, the Jack-of-various-Trades, Modulate Dehydration Stress in Populus davidiana-A Transcriptomic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020414. [PMID: 30669402 PMCID: PMC6358917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Populus davidiana, native to Korea and central Asian countries, is a major contributor to the Korean forest cover. In the current study, using high-throughput RNA-seq mediated transcriptome analysis, we identified about 87 P. davidiana WRKY transcription factors (PopdaWRKY TFs) that showed differential expression to dehydration stress in both sensitive and tolerant cultivars. Our results suggested that, on average, most of the WRKY genes were upregulated in tolerant cultivars but downregulated in sensitive cultivars. Based on protein sequence alignment, P. davidiana WRKYs were classified into three major groups, I, II, III, and further subgroups. Phylogenetic analysis showed that WRKY TFs and their orthologs in Arabidopsis and rice were clustered together in the same subgroups, suggesting similar functions across species. Significant correlation was found among qRT-PCR and RNA-seq analysis. In vivo analysis using model plant Arabidopsis showed that atwrky62 (orthologous to Potri.016G137900) knockout mutants were significantly sensitive to dehydration possibly due to an inability to close their stomata under dehydration conditions. In addition, a concomitant decrease in expression of ABA biosynthetic genes was observed. The AtHK1 that regulates stomatal movement was also downregulated in atwrky62 compared to the wild type. Taken together, our findings suggest a regulatory role of PopdaWRKYs under dehydration stress.
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Comparative Studies on the Role of Organic Biostimulant in Resistant and Susceptible Cultivars of Rice Grown under Saline Stress - Organic Biostimulant Alleviate Saline Stress in Tolerant and Susceptible Cultivars of Rice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-018-0089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Begcy K, Dresselhaus T. Epigenetic responses to abiotic stresses during reproductive development in cereals. PLANT REPRODUCTION 2018; 31:343-355. [PMID: 29943158 PMCID: PMC6244825 DOI: 10.1007/s00497-018-0343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Overview of current understanding of epigenetic alterations after abiotic stresses during reproductive development in cereals. Abiotic stresses, including heat, drought, cold, flooding, and salinity, negatively impact crop productivity. Various stages during reproductive development are especially sensitive to environmental stresses, which may lead to complete sterility and severe yield losses. Plants exhibit diverse responses to ameliorate stress damage. Changes in DNA methylation, histone modification as well as regulation of small RNA and long noncoding RNA pathways have been shown to represent key modulators in plant stress responses. During reproductive development in cereals, various protein complexes controlling histone and DNA methylation have been identified, revealing conserved and novel mechanisms regulating abiotic stress responses in cereals and other plant species. New findings highlight the role of transposable elements during stress periods. Here, we review our current understanding of epigenetic stress responses during male and female gametophyte formation (germline development), fertilization, early seed devolvement, and seed maturation in cereals. An integrative model of epigenetic responses during reproductive development in cereals is proposed, emphasizing the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications during abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Begcy
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Dresselhaus
- Cell Biology and Plant Biochemistry, Biochemie-Zentrum Regensburg, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis between a Resistant and a Susceptible Wild Tomato Accession in Response to Phytophthora parasitica. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123735. [PMID: 30477181 PMCID: PMC6320849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytophthora parasitica is one of the most widespread Phytophthora species, which is known to cause multiple diseases in tomato and is capable of infecting almost all plant parts. Our current understanding of tomato-Phytophthora parasitica interaction is very limited and currently nothing is known at the whole genome or transcriptome level. In this study, we have analyzed and compared the transcriptome of a resistant and a susceptible wild tomato accession in response to P. parasitica infection using the RNA-seq technology. We have identified 2657 and 3079 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in treatment vs control comparison of resistant (Sp-R) and susceptible (Sp-S) samples respectively. Functional annotation of DEGs revealed substantial transcriptional reprogramming of diverse physiological and cellular processes, particularly the biotic stress responses in both Sp-R and Sp-S upon P. parasitica treatment. However, subtle expression differences among some core plant defense related genes were identified and their possible role in resistance development against P. parasitica is discussed. Our results revealed 1173 genes that were differentially expressed only in Sp-R accession upon P. parasitica inoculation. These exclusively found DEGs in Sp-R accession included some core plant defense genes, for example, several protease inhibitors, chitinases, defensin, PR-1, a downy mildew susceptibility factor, and so on, were all highly induced. Whereas, several R genes, WRKY transcriptions factors and a powdery mildew susceptibility gene (Mlo) were highly repressed during the resistance outcome. Analysis reported here lays out a strong foundation for future studies aimed at improving genetic resistance of tomato cultivars against to Phytopphthora species.
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Chen LJ, Zou WS, Fei CY, Wu G, Li XY, Lin HH, Xi DH. α-Expansin EXPA4 Positively Regulates Abiotic Stress Tolerance but Negatively Regulates Pathogen Resistance in Nicotiana tabacum. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 59:2317-2330. [PMID: 30124953 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Since they function as cell wall-loosening proteins, expansins can affect plant growth, developmental processes and environmental stress responses. Our previous study demonstrated that changes in Nicotiana tabacum α-expansin 4 (EXPA4) expression affect the sensitivity of tobacco to Tobacco mosaic virus [recombinant TMV encoding green fluorescent protein (TMV-GFP)] infection by Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. In this study, to characterize the function of tobacco EXPA4 further, EXPA4 RNA interfernce (RNAi) mutants and overexpression lines were generated and assayed for their tolerance to abiotic stress and resistance to pathogens. First, the differential phenotypes and histomorphology of transgenic plants with altered EXPA4 expression indicated that EXPA4 is essential for normal tobacco growth and development. By utilizing tobacco EXPA4 mutants with abiotic stress, it was demonstrated that RNAi mutants have increased hypersensitivity to salt and drought stress. In contrast, the overexpression of EXPA4 in tobacco conferred greater tolerance to salt and drought stress, as indicated by less cell damage, higher fresh weight, higher soluble sugar and proline accumulation, and higher expression levels of several stress-responsive genes. In addition, the overexpression lines were more susceptible to the viral pathogen TMV-GFP when compared with the wild type or RNAi mutants. The induction of the antioxidant system, several defense-associated phytohormones and gene expression was down-regulated in overexpression lines but up-regulated in RNAi mutants when compared with the wild type following TMV-GFP infection. In addition, EXPA4 overexpression also accelerated the disease development of Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 on tobacco. Taken together, these results suggested that EXPA4 appears to be important in tobacco growth and responses to abiotic and biotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wen-Shan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Guo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong-Hui Lin
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - De-Hui Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
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Hong Y, Cui J, Liu Z, Luan Y. SpWRKY6 acts as a positive regulator during tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans infection. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 506:787-792. [PMID: 30389138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors have been widely known to play key regulatory roles in plant disease resistance. In our previous study, characteristics of SpWRKY6 and its role in response to biotic and abiotic stress was studied. To further investigate the function of SpWRKY6 in tomato resistance to Phytophthora infestans (P. infestans), we studied the effects of loss and gain of function of SpWRKY6. Inhibition of SpWRKY6 mRNA accumulation in tomato leaves, using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), greatly reduced SpWRKY6 mRNA levels, and compromised tomato resistance to P. infestans. In contrast, overexpressing- SpWRKY6 tomato plants showed enhanced resistance to P. infestans, accompanied by decreased number of necrotic cells, lesion sizes and disease index. Furthermore, after P. infestans infection, the expression levels of pathogenesis related (PR) genes in transgenic tomato plants overexpressed SpWRKY6 were significantly higher than those in wild type plants, while the number of necrotic cells and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation were fewer and lower. Taken together, these results indicating that SpWRKY6 acts as a positive regulator of tomato resistance to P. infestans infection through regulating the ROS level and the expression level of PR genes along with alleviating cell membrane injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Hong
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jun Cui
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yushi Luan
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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