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Lommi S, Leinonen J, Pussinen P, Furuholm J, Kolho KL, Viljakainen H. Burden of oral diseases predicts development of excess weight in early adolescence: a 2-year longitudinal study. Eur J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s00431-024-05663-8. [PMID: 38960905 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Dental caries, gingivitis, and excess weight are highly prevalent, interconnected chronic conditions. The association of oral health with the development of adiposity among children is sparsely addressed. We examined the association of oral health to the development of excess weight and central obesity in early adolescence during a 2-year follow-up period. This prospective study was conducted with 2702 children aged 9-12 years at baseline from the Finnish Health in Teens study. Their weight development was followed up for 2 years. Body mass index with age- and sex-specific cut-offs and the waist-height ratio indicated weight status and central obesity. Oral health data (caries experience and gingivitis/calculus) were collected from outpatient records of public dental services. Having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus was considered burden of oral diseases. Of the sample, 74% were caries-free but 70% exhibited gingivitis and/or calculus, and 20% had both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus. During the follow-up period, 5.3% (n = 124) and 4.7% (n = 118) of the children became overweight/obese or centrally obese, respectively. Having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus associated with the development of excess weight in a fully adjusted model (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.03-2.97) but not of central obesity. Caries experience or gingivitis/calculus alone did not associate with adiposity development. CONCLUSION Having burden of oral diseases without excess weight at early adolescence could imply future weight gain; thus, normal-weight individuals with both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus could be targeted with preventive measures. Our findings warrant further research to explore whether oral diseases and the development of obesity merely share risk factors or if their relationship is of causal nature. WHAT IS KNOWN • Association of excess weight with caries experience and gingivitis is known to exist both cross-sectionally and longitudinally in children and adolescents. WHAT IS NEW • Burden of oral diseases, that is, having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus, was associated with becoming overweight or obese 2 years later during early adolescence. • Normal-weight individuals with burden of oral diseases at early adolescence could be targeted with preventive measures against excess weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohvi Lommi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Leinonen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Furuholm
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Viljakainen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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2
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Liu J, Yue Q, Zhang S, Xu J, Jiang X, Su Q, Sun L, Li B, Li K, Su L, Zhao L. A pilot study on oral microbiome in electronic cigarettes consumers versus traditional cigarettes smokers. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01185-w. [PMID: 38954243 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01185-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Oral microorganisms are closely related to oral health, the occurrence of some oral diseases is associated with changes in the oral microbiota, and many studies have demonstrated that traditional smoking can affect the oral microbial community. However, due to the short time since the emergence of e-cigarettes, fewer studies are comparing oral microorganisms for users of e-cigarettes versus cigarettes. We collected saliva from 40 non-smokers (NS), 46 traditional cigarette smokers (TS), and 27 e-cigarette consumers (EC), aged between 18 and 35 years. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing on the saliva samples collected to study the effects of e-cigarettes versus traditional cigarettes on the oral microbiome. The results showed that compared with the NS group, the alpha diversity of oral flora in saliva was altered in the TS group, with no significant change in the e-cigarette group. Compared with the NS and EC groups, the relative abundance of Actinomyces and Prevotella was increased in the TS group. However, compared with the NS and TS groups, the relative abundance of Veillonella was increased, and the relative abundance of Porphyromonas and Peptostreptococcus was decreased in the EC group. These results showed that both e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes could alter the structure and composition of oral microbiota. The use of traditional cigarettes promotes the growth of some anaerobic bacteria, which may contribute to dental decay and bad breath over time. E-cigarettes have a different effect on the structure and composition of the oral microbial community compared to conventional cigarettes. In order to better understand the effects of e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes on users' mouths, future studies will investigate the relationship between diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis and changes in oral microbial species levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Xu
- RELX Tech. Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingtao Jiang
- RELX Tech. Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Su
- Shandong Baoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Sun
- Shandong Baoyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yantai, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojun Li
- Shandong Danhe Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Shengshengxiangrong (Shandong) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China.
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Liu H, Xie Z, Gao X, Wei L, Li M, Lin Z, Huang X. Lysosomal dysfunction-derived autophagy impairment of gingival epithelial cells in diabetes-associated periodontitis with altered protein acetylation. Cell Signal 2024:111273. [PMID: 38950874 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) presents severe inflammation and resistance to periodontal conventional treatment, presenting a significant challenge in clinical management. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism driving the hyperinflammatory response in gingival epithelial cells (GECs) of DP patients. Our findings indicate that lysosomal dysfunction under high glucose conditions leads to the blockage of autophagy flux, exacerbating inflammatory response in GECs. Single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry analyses of clinical gingival epithelia revealed dysregulation in the lysosome pathway characterized by reduced levels of lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 (LAMP2) and V-type proton ATPase 16 kDa proteolipid subunit c (ATP6V0C) in subjects with DP. In vitro stimulation of human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs) with a hyperglycemic microenvironment showed elevated release of proinflammatory cytokines, compromised lysosomal acidity and blocked autophagy. Moreover, HGECs with deficiency in ATP6V0C demonstrated impaired autophagy and heightened inflammatory response, mirroring the effects of high glucose stimulation. Proteomic analysis of acetylation modifications identified altered acetylation levels in 28 autophagy-lysosome pathway-related proteins and 37 sites in HGECs subjected to high glucose stimulation or siATP6V0C. Overall, our finding highlights the pivotal role of lysosome impairment in autophagy obstruction in DP and suggests a potential impact of altered acetylation of relevant proteins on the interplay between lysosome dysfunction and autophagy blockage. These insights may pave the way for the development of effective therapeutic strategies against DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Zhuo Xie
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xianling Gao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Linhesheng Wei
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Mengdi Li
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Xin Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.
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Pitchika V, Büttner M, Schwendicke F. Artificial intelligence and personalized diagnostics in periodontology: A narrative review. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38927004 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Periodontal diseases pose a significant global health burden, requiring early detection and personalized treatment approaches. Traditional diagnostic approaches in periodontology often rely on a "one size fits all" approach, which may overlook the unique variations in disease progression and response to treatment among individuals. This narrative review explores the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and personalized diagnostics in periodontology, emphasizing the potential for tailored diagnostic strategies to enhance precision medicine in periodontal care. The review begins by elucidating the limitations of conventional diagnostic techniques. Subsequently, it delves into the application of AI models in analyzing diverse data sets, such as clinical records, imaging, and molecular information, and its role in periodontal training. Furthermore, the review also discusses the role of research community and policymakers in integrating personalized diagnostics in periodontal care. Challenges and ethical considerations associated with adopting AI-based personalized diagnostic tools are also explored, emphasizing the need for transparent algorithms, data safety and privacy, ongoing multidisciplinary collaboration, and patient involvement. In conclusion, this narrative review underscores the transformative potential of AI in advancing periodontal diagnostics toward a personalized paradigm, and their integration into clinical practice holds the promise of ushering in a new era of precision medicine for periodontal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinay Pitchika
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martha Büttner
- Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Falk Schwendicke
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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5
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Iniesta M, Vasconcelos V, Sanz M, Herrera D. Supra- and Subgingival Microbiome in Gingivitis and Impact of Biofilm Control: A Comprehensive Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:571. [PMID: 38927237 PMCID: PMC11200379 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13060571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review aimed (1) to characterize the sub- and supragingival microbiome in patients with biofilm-induced gingivitis (including experimental gingivitis), (2) to assess its stability and evolution over time, and (3) to assess the impact of biofilm control measures on this stability. An electronic search of the MEDLINE®/PubMed® database until December 2023 was conducted. NCBI Taxonomy, eHOMD 16S rRNA Reference Sequence, and Tree Version 15.23 databases were used to standardize taxonomic nomenclature. Out of 89 papers initially retrieved, 14 studies were finally included: 11 using experimental gingivitis as a model and three randomized clinical trials evaluating the impact of biofilm control measures. Among them, five characterized the subgingival microbiome, nine the supragingival microbiome, and one both the sub- and supragingival microbiome. In addition, five studies evaluated the effect of toothpaste, and four studies evaluated the effect of mouth rinses. The diversity and structure of the microbiome differed significantly between patients with periodontal health and those with biofilm-induced gingivitis (including experimental gingivitis). Those differences were not reversed through conventional oral hygiene measures. Specific antiseptic agents, especially if delivered as mouth rinses, may have an impact on the supra- and subgingival microbiome in gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Iniesta
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Viviane Vasconcelos
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.H.)
- Section of Graduate Periodontology, Department of Dental Clinic Specialties, Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Acharya S, Hegde U, Acharya AB, Nitin P. Dysbiosis linking periodontal disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma-A brief narrative review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32259. [PMID: 38947439 PMCID: PMC11214465 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An association between periodontal disease and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been recognized. However, there is no causal relationship between the two. The polymicrobial etiology of periodontal disease is confirmed, and so are the proven etiological factors for OSCC. Inflammation lies at the core of periodontal pathogenesis induced by the putative microbes. OSCC has inflammatory overtures in its pathobiology. Bacterial species involved in periodontal disease have been extensively documented and validated. The microbial profile in OSCC has been explored with no specific conclusions. The scientific reasoning to link a common microbial signature that connects periodontal disease to OSCC has led to many studies but has not provided conclusive evidence. Therefore, it would be beneficial to know the status of any plausible microbiota having a similarity in periodontal disease and OSCC. This brief review attempted to clarify the existence of a dysbiotic "fingerprint" that may link these two diseases. The review examined the literature with a focused objective of identifying periodontal microbial profiles in OSCC that could provide insights into pathogen commonality. The review concluded that there is great diversity in microbial association, but important bacterial species that correlate with periodontal disease and OSCC are forthcoming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Acharya
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Usha Hegde
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
| | - Anirudh B. Acharya
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priyanka Nitin
- Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, 570004, Karnataka, India
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7
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Del Pilar Angarita-Díaz M, Fong C, Medina D. Bacteria of healthy periodontal tissues as candidates of probiotics: a systematic review. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:328. [PMID: 38877601 PMCID: PMC11177362 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01908-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The use of probiotics could promote the balance of the subgingival microbiota to contribute to periodontal health. This study aimed to identify the potential of bacteria commonly associated with healthy periodontal tissues as probiotic candidates. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines using the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, and Ovid databases as well as the combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and non-MeSH terms. Based on the selection criteria, original studies published in English and identifying the microorganisms present in the periodontium of healthy individuals and patients with periodontitis using the high-throughput 16S ribosomal gene sequencing technique were included. RESULTS Out of 659 articles, 12 met the criteria for this review. These articles were published from 2012 to 2020 and mainly originated from the United States, China, and Spain. Most of these studies reported adequate criteria for selecting participants, using standardized clinical criteria, and compliance with quality based on the tools used. In periodontal healthy tissue were identified species like Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundii, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Rothia dentocariosa, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus intermedius, and Prevotella nigrescens which have recognized strains with a capacity to inhibit periodontopathogens. CONCLUSIONS S. sanguinis, S. oralis, S. mitis, and S. gordonii are among the bacterial species proposed as potential probiotics because some strains can inhibit periodontopathogens and have been reported as safe for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Pilar Angarita-Díaz
- GIOMET Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Campus Villavicencio, Carrera 35 # 36 99, Villavicencio, Colombia.
| | - Cristian Fong
- Ciencia y Pedagogía Group, School of Medicine, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Campus Santa Marta, Santa Marta, Colombia
| | - Daniela Medina
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Campus Villavicencio, Villavicencio, Colombia
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8
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Mi S, Cai S, Lou G, Xue M. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis of the relationship between periodontitis and risk of upper gastrointestinal cancers. Postgrad Med J 2024:qgae069. [PMID: 38840504 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgae069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study is to explore the possible association between periodontitis and upper gastrointestinal (UGI) cancers, including esophageal and gastric cancers, utilizing the Mendelian randomization method. METHODS In this research, we utilized the Mendelian randomization method to examine the causal association between periodontitis and UGI cancers. Genome-wide association studies data for periodontitis were obtained from the Gene-Lifestyle Interactions in Dental Endpoints consortium, while UGI cancers' data were accessed from FinnGen's Biobank. After rigorously screening instrumental variables for periodontitis, we analyzed them with UGI cancers primarily using the inverse variance weighted. Finally, to identify outliers, the results were subjected to a leave-one-out sensitivity analysis. RESULTS Inverse variance weighted (fixed effect) results revealed that periodontitis is a risk factor for gastric cancer (OR = 1.7735, 95% CI: 1.1576 to 2.7170, P = 0.0085). As for esophageal cancer, no statistically significant correlation was observed. Furthermore, no outliers were detected in any of the results. CONCLUSION Our two-sample Mendelian randomization study obviously demonstrates a significant positive association between periodontitis and gastric cancer, while no statistically significant correlation was found for esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Shangwen Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Guochun Lou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
| | - Meng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
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MohanaSundaram A, Gohil NV, Etekochay MO, Patel P, Gurajala S, Sathanantham ST, Nsengiyumva M, Kumar S, Emran TB. Mycobacterium tuberculosis : a new hitchhiker in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:3606-3616. [PMID: 38231241 PMCID: PMC11175725 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the gums affects both the ligament and alveolar bone. A severe form of periodontal disease affects a strikingly high number of one billion adults globally. The disease permutes both the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity leading to localized and systemic diseases. Periodontitis has a deleterious impact on systemic health causing diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and other disease. The cause of the enhanced inflammatory process is due to dysbiosis and an unregulated immune response. Innate immune response and T cells trigger uninhibited cytokine release causing an unwarranted inflammatory response. The RANK- RANKL interaction between osteoblasts, immune cells, and progenitor osteoclasts results in the maturation of osteoclasts, which promote bone resorption. It is well established that dysbiosis of the oral cavity has been implicated in periodontitis. But emerging reports suggest that the pulmonary pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), causes extrapulmonary diseases such as periodontitis. Many clinical case reports advocate the involvement of Mtb in periodontitis, which poses a threat with the surge of tuberculosis in HIV and other immunocompromised individuals. Fostering a better understanding of the mechanism, causative agents and control on inflammatory response is imperative in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Swathi Gurajala
- College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Santosh Kumar
- Karnavati School of Dentistry Karnavati University Gandhinagar Gujarat, India
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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10
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Ding R, Liu X, Zhao X, Sun Q, Cheng Y, Li A, Pei D, He G. Membrane-anchoring selenophene viologens for antibacterial photodynamic therapy against periodontitis via restoring subgingival flora and alleviating inflammation. Biomaterials 2024; 307:122536. [PMID: 38522327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has emerged as a promising strategy for treating periodontitis. However, the weak binding of most photosensitizers to bacteria and the hypoxic environment of periodontal pockets severely hamper the therapeutic efficacy. Herein, two novel oxygen-independent photosensitizers are developed by introducing selenophene into viologens and modifying with hexane chains (HASeV) or quaternary ammonium chains (QASeV), which improve the adsorption to bacteria through anchoring to the negatively charged cell membrane. Notably, QASeV binds only to the bacterial surface of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum due to electrostatic binding, but HASeV can insert into their membrane by strong hydrophobic interactions. Therefore, HASeV exhibits superior antimicrobial activity and more pronounced plaque biofilm disruption than QASeV when combined with light irradiation (MVL-210 photoreactor, 350-600 nm, 50 mW/cm2), and a better effect on reducing the diversity and restoring the structure of subgingival flora in periodontitis rat model was found through 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The histological and Micro-CT analyses reveal that HASeV-based aPDT has a better therapeutic effect in reducing periodontal tissue inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. This work provides a new strategy for the development of viologen-based photosensitizers, which may be a favorable candidate for the aPDT against periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China; Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China
| | - Yilong Cheng
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Dandan Pei
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| | - Gang He
- Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, China.
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11
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Xiong J, Liu H, Li C, Li Y, Feng J. Linking periodontitis with 20 cancers, emphasis on oropharyngeal cancer: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12511. [PMID: 38822160 PMCID: PMC11143368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
While associations between periodontitis and an elevated risk of cancer have been suggested, the results of existing observational studies have been inconsistent, also leaving room for further investigation into the underlying mechanisms. This study was designed to delve into the possible causal link between periodontitis and 20 standard cancers while concurrently identifying potential mediators. We initiated a Mendelian randomization analysis that drew from either publicly accessible or personally obtained genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method served as our primary tool for analysis. To ensure the strength and consistency of our results, we implemented additional strategies, including weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger regression, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), bolstered by funnel plots. Our analysis unveiled an elevated risk of head and neck cancer concomitant with periodontitis (p = 0.041, OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.999-1.000), specifically a heightened risk of oropharyngeal cancer (p = 0.022, OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.999-1.000). As a result of probing into potential mediators, Fusobacterium nucleatum emerged as a likely intermediary in the promoting effect of periodontitis on oropharyngeal cancer (p = 0.021, OR 0.999, 95% CI 0.998-1.000). Inversely, basal cell carcinoma and endometrial cancer demonstrated an association with an increased incidence of periodontitis (basal cell carcinoma: p = 0.020, OR 0.987, 95% CI 0.976-0.998; endometrial cancer: p = 0.027, OR 0.984, 95% CI 0.970-0.998). However, periodontitis exerted no significant causal impact on the 19 other common cancers or the three subtypes of head and neck cancer. To conclude, our results support the theory that periodontitis contributes to an enhanced risk of head and neck cancer, particularly oropharyngeal cancer, with Fusobacterium nucleatum functioning as a potential intermediary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiong
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Conghua Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiali Feng
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Schäffer C, Andrukhov O. The intriguing strategies of Tannerella forsythia's host interaction. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1434217. [PMID: 38872984 PMCID: PMC11169705 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1434217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tannerella forsythia, a member of the "red complex" bacteria implicated in severe periodontitis, employs various survival strategies and virulence factors to interact with the host. It thrives as a late colonizer in the oral biofilm, relying on its unique adaptation mechanisms for persistence. Essential to its survival are the type 9 protein secretion system and O-glycosylation of proteins, crucial for host interaction and immune evasion. Virulence factors of T. forsythia, including sialidase and proteases, facilitate its pathogenicity by degrading host glycoproteins and proteins, respectively. Moreover, cell surface glycoproteins like the S-layer and BspA modulate host responses and bacterial adherence, influencing colonization and tissue invasion. Outer membrane vesicles and lipopolysaccharides further induce inflammatory responses, contributing to periodontal tissue destruction. Interactions with specific host cell types, including epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes macrophages, and mesenchymal stromal cells, highlight the multifaceted nature of T. forsythia's pathogenicity. Notably, it can invade epithelial cells and impair PMN function, promoting dysregulated inflammation and bacterial survival. Comparative studies with periodontitis-associated Porphyromonas gingivalis reveal differences in protease activity and immune modulation, suggesting distinct roles in disease progression. T. forsythia's potential to influence oral antimicrobial defense through protease-mediated degradation and interactions with other bacteria underscores its significance in periodontal disease pathogenesis. However, understanding T. forsythia's precise role in host-microbiome interactions and its classification as a keystone pathogen requires further investigation. Challenges in translating research data stem from the complexity of the oral microbiome and biofilm dynamics, necessitating comprehensive studies to elucidate its clinical relevance and therapeutic implications in periodontitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schäffer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, NanoGlycobiology Research Group, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Manoil D, Parga A, Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN. Microbial diagnostics in periodontal diseases. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38797888 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Microbial analytical methods have been instrumental in elucidating the complex microbial etiology of periodontal diseases, by shaping our understanding of subgingival community dynamics. Certain pathobionts can orchestrate the establishment of dysbiotic communities that can subvert the host immune system, triggering inflammation and tissue destruction. Yet, diagnosis and management of periodontal conditions still rely on clinical and radiographic examinations, overlooking the well-established microbial etiology. This review summarizes the chronological emergence of periodontal etiological models and the co-evolution with technological advances in microbial detection. We additionally review the microbial analytical approaches currently accessible to clinicians, highlighting their value in broadening the periodontal assessment. The epidemiological importance of obtaining culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of periodontal taxa for antibiotic resistance surveillance is also underscored, together with clinically relevant analytical approaches to guide antibiotherapy choices, when necessary. Furthermore, the importance of 16S-based community and shotgun metagenomic profiling is discussed in outlining dysbiotic microbial signatures. Because dysbiosis precedes periodontal damage, biomarker identification offers early diagnostic possibilities to forestall disease relapses during maintenance. Altogether, this review highlights the underutilized potential of clinical microbiology in periodontology, spotlighting the clinical areas most conductive to its diagnostic implementation for enhancing prevention, treatment predictability, and addressing global antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Manoil
- Division of Cariology and Endodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Parga
- Division of Cariology and Endodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, CIBUS-Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Health and Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Dinu A, Antonescu OR. Clinical Study on the Implications of Immunological Markers in the Diagnosis of Periodontitis in People with Diabetes Mellitus. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:149. [PMID: 38920850 PMCID: PMC11202785 DOI: 10.3390/dj12060149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The basic idea from which the working hypothesis for this study started is the fact that the only systemic disease today that is clearly linked to periodontal disease by biochemical mechanisms is diabetes mellitus, as well as the clinical finding that diabetes causes a number of specific periodontal changes. Highlighting the biochemical markers of inflammation during periodontal disease in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is the main aim of the study. To achieve this objective, we used the human ELISA kit from Boster Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Pleasanton, CA, USA), for the detection of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8 and TNF-α. The data analysis shows that plasma levels of these cytokines are associated with the progression of periodontitis. In conclusion, we can state that the involvement of immunological markers is evident in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Dinu
- Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
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15
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Wang SY, Cai Y, Hu X, Li F, Qian XH, Xia LY, Gao B, Wu L, Xie WZ, Gu JM, Deng T, Zhu C, Jia HC, Peng WQ, Huang J, Fang C, Zeng XT. P. gingivalis in oral-prostate axis exacerbates benign prostatic hyperplasia via IL-6/IL-6R pathway. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:30. [PMID: 38764065 PMCID: PMC11103868 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common disease in elderly men. There is increasing evidence that periodontitis increases the risk of BPH, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of the key periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in the development of BPH. METHODS The subgingival plaque (Sp) and prostatic fluid (Pf) of patients with BPH concurrent periodontitis were extracted and cultured for 16S rDNA sequencing. Ligature-induced periodontitis, testosterone-induced BPH and the composite models in rats were established. The P. gingivalis and its toxic factor P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (P.g-LPS) were injected into the ventral lobe of prostate in rats to simulate its colonization of prostate. P.g-LPS was used to construct the prostate cell infection model for mechanism exploration. RESULTS P. gingivalis, Streptococcus oralis, Capnocytophaga ochracea and other oral pathogens were simultaneously detected in the Pf and Sp of patients with BPH concurrent periodontitis, and the average relative abundance of P. gingivalis was found to be the highest. P. gingivalis was detected in both Pf and Sp in 62.5% of patients. Simultaneous periodontitis and BPH synergistically aggravated prostate histological changes. P. gingivalis and P.g-LPS infection could induce obvious hyperplasia of the prostate epithelium and stroma (epithelial thickness was 2.97- and 3.08-fold that of control group, respectively), and increase of collagen fibrosis (3.81- and 5.02-fold that of control group, respectively). P. gingivalis infection promoted prostate cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and upregulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6; 4.47-fold), interleukin-6 receptor-α (IL-6Rα; 5.74-fold) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130; 4.47-fold) in prostatic tissue. P.g-LPS could significantly inhibit cell apoptosis, promote mitosis and proliferation of cells. P.g-LPS activates the Akt pathway through IL-6/IL-6Rα/gp130 complex, which destroys the imbalance between proliferation and apoptosis of prostate cells, induces BPH. CONCLUSION P. gingivalis was abundant in the Pf of patients with BPH concurrent periodontitis. P. gingivalis infection can promote BPH, which may affect the progression of BPH via inflammation and the Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Ying Wang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Li
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xin-Hang Qian
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China
| | - Ling-Yun Xia
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wen-Zhong Xie
- Henan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Microecological Regulatory of Oral Environment and Oral Implantology, Kaifeng University Health Science Center, Kaifeng, 475000, Henan, China
| | - Jia-Min Gu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tong Deng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Cong Zhu
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hai-Chang Jia
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wan-Qi Peng
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Cheng Fang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xian-Tao Zeng
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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16
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Lundtorp-Olsen C, Markvart M, Twetman S, Belstrøm D. Effect of Probiotic Supplements on the Oral Microbiota-A Narrative Review. Pathogens 2024; 13:419. [PMID: 38787271 PMCID: PMC11124442 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Data from systematic reviews and meta-analyses show that probiotics positively impact clinical parameters of oral diseases such as gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis. However, the working mechanism of probiotics is not fully understood, but is hypothesized to be mediated by direct and indirect interactions with the oral microbiota and the human host. In the present narrative review, we focused on the microbiological effect of probiotic supplements based on data retrieved from randomized clinical trials (RCTs). In addition, we assessed to what extent contemporary molecular methods have been employed in clinical trials in the field of oral probiotics. Multiple RCTs have been performed studying the potential effect of probiotics on gingivitis, dental caries, and periodontitis, as evaluated by microbial endpoints. In general, results are conflicting, with some studies reporting a positive effect, whereas others are not able to record any effect. Major differences in terms of study designs and sample size, as well as delivery route, frequency, and duration of probiotic consumption, hamper comparison across studies. In addition, most RCTs have been performed with a limited sample size using relatively simple methods for microbial identification, such as culturing, qPCR, and DNA-DNA checkerboard, while high-throughput methods such as 16S sequencing have only been employed in a few studies. Currently, state-of-the-art molecular methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, and metaproteomics have not yet been used in RCTs in the field of probiotics. The present narrative review revealed that the effect of probiotic supplements on the oral microbiota remains largely uncovered. One important reason is that most RCTs are performed without studying the microbiological effect. To facilitate future systematic reviews and meta-analyses, an internationally agreed core outcome set for the reporting of microbial endpoints in clinical trials would be desirable. Such a standardized collection of outcomes would most likely improve the quality of probiotic research in the oral context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Department of Odontology, Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (C.L.-O.); (M.M.); (S.T.)
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17
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Blufstein A, Pejcic N, Spettel K, Hausmann B, Seki D, Ertekin T, Hinrichs-Priller J, Altner S, Nehr M, Bekes K, Makristathis A, Andrukhov O. Salivary microbiome and MRP-8/14 levels in children with gingivitis, healthy children, and their mothers. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38696461 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gingivitis is the most common form of periodontal disease among children and adolescents and is associated with disrupted host-microbiome homeostasis. Family is an important factor influencing the prevalence of gingivitis. In the present study, we investigated the salivary microbiome, oral hygiene habits, and the salivary level of myeloid-related protein (MRP)-8/14 in children aged 7-12 years with gingivitis, periodontally healthy children, and their mothers. METHODS This study included 24 children with gingivitis (including four sibling pairs) and 22 periodontally healthy children (including two sibling pairs) and their mothers. The whole saliva was collected, DNA was extracted, the variable V3-V4 region of the eubacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was amplified, and sample library preparation was performed according to the Illumina protocol. The salivary levels of MRP-8/14 were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS Alpha diversity of the salivary microbiome was considerably higher in gingivitis children and mothers of gingivitis children compared to healthy children and their mothers, respectively. Significant differences in beta diversity between healthy and gingivitis children, healthy children and their mothers, and gingivitis children and their mothers were detected. Overall, the number of common core amplicon sequence variants between children and their own mothers was significantly higher than between children and other mothers. The salivary MRP-8/14 levels in children with gingivitis were significantly higher compared to healthy children; a similar tendency was also mentioned for mothers. CONCLUSION Our study underlines the importance of family as an essential factor influencing oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Blufstein
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Natasa Pejcic
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kathrin Spettel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Seki
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tugba Ertekin
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hinrichs-Priller
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarra Altner
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marion Nehr
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Bekes
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Athanasios Makristathis
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Competence Center for Periodontal Research, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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18
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Angelov N, Soldatos N, Ioannidou E, Carter TC, Shimpi N, Applegate J, Kookal KK, Parsegian K. A retrospective analysis of the role of age and sex in outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy at a single academic dental center. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9504. [PMID: 38664463 PMCID: PMC11045861 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the role of age and sex in the outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). De-identified demographic and periodontal characteristics of patients who presented for baseline periodontal evaluation, NSPT, and periodontal re-evaluation were abstracted from electronic health records. Independent associations of age and sex with severe periodontitis defined as ≥ 5 mm clinical attachment loss (CAL) and ≥ 6 mm probing depth (PD) were determined using multinomial logistic regression. The null hypothesis was rejected at α < 0.05. A total of 2866 eligible subjects were included in the analysis. Significantly lower odds of CAL ≤ 4 mm than CAL ≥ 5 mm (reference) were observed in adults aged 35-64 (odds ratio, OR, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.13, 0.29) and ≥ 65 years (OR 0.13; 95% CI 0.07, 0.25) compared to those aged 18-34 years. Odds of PD < 4 mm versus PD ≥ 6 mm (reference) were lower in adults aged 35-64 years than those aged 18-34 years (OR 0.71; 95% CI 0.55, 0.90) and higher in females compared to males (OR 1.67; 95% CI 1.14, 2.44). These results suggest more compromised post-NSPT outcomes in older adults and males compared to the respective populations and highlight the need for personalized therapeutic strategies in these populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Angelov
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nikolaos Soldatos
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Regenerative and Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Effie Ioannidou
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tonia C Carter
- Center for Precision Medicine Research, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Neel Shimpi
- Center for Dental Benefits, Coding and Quality, American Dental Association, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Applegate
- Biomedical Informatics Group-Analytics Research Center, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Krishna Kumar Kookal
- Technology Services and Informatics, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, USA
| | - Karo Parsegian
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, UTHealth Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA.
- Division of Periodontics, Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Surgical Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13065 E 17th Ave, Rm 130J, Mail Stop F847, Aurora, CO, 80045-2532, USA.
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19
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Bueno-Silva B, Parma-Garcia J, Frigo L, Suárez LJ, Macedo TT, Uyeda FH, Melo MARDC, Sacco R, Mourão CF, Feres M, Shibli JA, Figueiredo LC. Antimicrobial Activity of Methylene Blue Associated with Photodynamic Therapy: In Vitro Study in Multi-Species Oral Biofilm. Pathogens 2024; 13:342. [PMID: 38668297 PMCID: PMC11054395 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The control of infectious diseases caused by biofilms is a continuing challenge for researchers due to the complexity of their microbial structures and therapeutic implications. Photodynamic therapy as an adjunctive anti-infective treatment has been described as a possible valid approach but has not been tested in polymicrobial biofilm models. This study evaluated the effect of photodynamic therapy in vitro with methylene blue (MB) 0.01% and red LEDs (λ = 660 nm, power density ≈ 330 mW/cm2, 2 mm distance from culture) on the metabolic activity and composition of a multispecies subgingival biofilm. Test Groups LED and MB + LED showed a more significant reduction in metabolic activity than the non-LED application group (~50 and 55%, respectively). Groups LED and MB equally affected (more than 80%) the total bacterial count in biofilms. No differences were noted in the bacterial biofilm composition between the groups. In vitro LED alone or the MB + LED combination reduced the metabolic activity of bacteria in polymicrobial biofilms and the total subgingival biofilm count.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Javier Parma-Garcia
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
| | - Lucio Frigo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
- Faculdade de Odontologia da Associação Paulista de Cirurgiões Dentistas (FAOA), São Paulo 02011-000, Brazil
| | - Lina J. Suárez
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 45 # 26-85, Bogotá 11001, Colombia
| | - Tatiane Tiemi Macedo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
| | - Fábio Hideaki Uyeda
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
| | - Marcelo Augusto Ruiz da Cunha Melo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
| | - Roberto Sacco
- Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9SP, UK
| | - Carlos Fernando Mourão
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Tuft University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Magda Feres
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Division of Periodontology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jamil Awad Shibli
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
| | - Luciene Cristina Figueiredo
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos 07023-070, Brazil; (B.B.-S.); (J.P.-G.); (L.F.); (L.J.S.); (M.F.); (J.A.S.); (L.C.F.)
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20
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Lee MK, Chen IH, Hsu IL, Tsai WH, Lee TY, Jhong JH, Liu BC, Huang TY, Lin FK, Chang WW, Wu JH. The impact of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143 toothpaste on gingivitis and oral microbiota in adults: a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:477. [PMID: 38643116 PMCID: PMC11031891 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the oral health benefits of heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143, particularly its potential in oral microbiota alterations and gingivitis improvement. METHODS We assessed GMNL-143's in vitro interactions with oral pathogens and its ability to prevent pathogen adherence to gingival cells. A randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial was performed on gingivitis patients using GMNL-143 toothpaste or placebo for four weeks, followed by a crossover after a washout. RESULTS GMNL-143 showed coaggregation with oral pathogens in vitro, linked to its surface layer protein. In patients, GMNL-143 toothpaste lowered the gingival index and reduced Streptococcus mutans in crevicular fluid. A positive relationship was found between Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and gingival index changes, and a negative one between Campylobacter and gingival index changes in plaque. CONCLUSION GMNL-143 toothpaste may shift oral bacterial composition towards a healthier state, suggesting its potential in managing mild to moderate gingivitis. TRIAL REGISTRATION ID NCT04190485 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ); 09/12/2019, retrospective registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kang Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist, Kaohsiung City, 807378, Taiwan
| | - I-Hui Chen
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist, Kaohsiung City, 807378, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Hsu
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Hua Tsai
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Yi Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Hua Jhong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan City, 320315, Taiwan
| | - Bai-Chia Liu
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Yin Huang
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Kuei Lin
- Research and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan City, 741014, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Wei Chang
- Departement of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd, Taichung City, 402306, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 402306, Taiwan.
| | - Ju-Hui Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No.100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Sanmin Dist, Kaohsiung City, 807378, Taiwan.
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 807378, Taiwan.
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21
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Gürsoy UK, Özdemir Kabalak M, Gürsoy M. Advances in periodontal biomarkers. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 120:145-168. [PMID: 38762240 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to technologic advancements, periodontology has witnessed a boost in biomarker research over the past three decades. Indeed, with the aid of omics, our understanding of the healthy periodontium, pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, and healing after periodontal treatment has improved significantly. Yet, the traditional methods, periodontal probing and radiographies, remain the most common methods to diagnose periodontal disease and monitor treatment. Although these approaches can produce reliable diagnostic outcomes, they generally detect disease only after significant tissue degradation thus making treatment outcome highly uncertain. Accordingly, laboratories worldwide have collaborated with clinicians to design accurate, rapid and cost-effective biomarkers for periodontal disease diagnosis. Despite these efforts, biomarkers that can be widely used in early disease diagnosis and for treatment outcome prediction are far from daily use. The aim of this chapter is to give a general overview on periodontal health and diseases, and review recent advancements in periodontal biomarker research. A second aim will discuss the strengths and limitations of translating periodontal biomarker research to clinical practice. Genetic biomarkers of periodontitis are not discussed as the available confirmatory data is scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, Turku, Finland
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22
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Shaikh HFM, Oswal PU, Kugaji MS, Katti SS, Bhat KG, Kandaswamy E, Joshi VM. Association of F. alocis and D. pneumosintes with Periodontitis Disease Severity and Red Complex Bacteria. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:105. [PMID: 38668017 PMCID: PMC11048763 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilms are considered the principal etiological agent in the development of periodontitis. Novel species that may contribute to periodontitis and dysbiosis have been identified recently. The study aims to evaluate the presence of F. alocis and D. pneumosintes in healthy and diseased patients and their association with clinical parameters and with red complex bacteria. The study included 60 subjects, with 30 patients each in the healthy and periodontitis groups. The clinical parameters were noted, and samples were subjected to DNA extraction followed by a polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed using the Graph Pad Prism software. Results: F. alocis and D. pneumosintes were detected at a significantly higher percentage in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group (p < 0.05). D. pneumosintes was significantly associated with T. forsythia in the periodontitis group (p < 0.05). Both of these organisms were present in sites with higher clinical attachment loss (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that both F. alocis and D. pneumosintes were detected at a significantly higher percentage in periodontitis subjects and were detected more frequently in sites with a greater clinical attachment loss. It was also evident that both F. alocis and D. pneumosintes can be present independently of other putative periodontal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawaabi F. M. Shaikh
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belagavi 590019, India; (H.F.M.S.); (P.U.O.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Pratima U. Oswal
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belagavi 590019, India; (H.F.M.S.); (P.U.O.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Manohar Suresh Kugaji
- Centre for Advanced Medical Research, BLDE Deemed to be University, Vijayapura 586103, India
| | - Sandeep S. Katti
- Department of Periodontology, Maratha Mandal’s Nathajirao G. Halgekar Institute of Dental Sciences & Research Centre, Belagavi 590019, India; (H.F.M.S.); (P.U.O.); (S.S.K.)
| | | | - Eswar Kandaswamy
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA;
| | - Vinayak M. Joshi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA;
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23
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Kim TS, Ikeuchi T, Theofilou VI, Williams DW, Greenwell-Wild T, June A, Adade EE, Li L, Abusleme L, Dutzan N, Yuan Y, Brenchley L, Bouladoux N, Sakamachi Y, Palmer RJ, Iglesias-Bartolome R, Trinchieri G, Garantziotis S, Belkaid Y, Valm AM, Diaz PI, Holland SM, Moutsopoulos NM. Epithelial-derived interleukin-23 promotes oral mucosal immunopathology. Immunity 2024; 57:859-875.e11. [PMID: 38513665 PMCID: PMC11058479 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
At mucosal surfaces, epithelial cells provide a structural barrier and an immune defense system. However, dysregulated epithelial responses can contribute to disease states. Here, we demonstrated that epithelial cell-intrinsic production of interleukin-23 (IL-23) triggers an inflammatory loop in the prevalent oral disease periodontitis. Epithelial IL-23 expression localized to areas proximal to the disease-associated microbiome and was evident in experimental models and patients with common and genetic forms of disease. Mechanistically, flagellated microbial species of the periodontitis microbiome triggered epithelial IL-23 induction in a TLR5 receptor-dependent manner. Therefore, unlike other Th17-driven diseases, non-hematopoietic-cell-derived IL-23 served as an initiator of pathogenic inflammation in periodontitis. Beyond periodontitis, analysis of publicly available datasets revealed the expression of epithelial IL-23 in settings of infection, malignancy, and autoimmunity, suggesting a broader role for epithelial-intrinsic IL-23 in human disease. Collectively, this work highlights an important role for the barrier epithelium in the induction of IL-23-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sung Kim
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tomoko Ikeuchi
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vasileios Ionas Theofilou
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Drake Winslow Williams
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Teresa Greenwell-Wild
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Armond June
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Emmanuel E Adade
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12210, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Loreto Abusleme
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicolas Dutzan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yao Yuan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Laurie Brenchley
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Nicolas Bouladoux
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yosuke Sakamachi
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Robert J Palmer
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ramiro Iglesias-Bartolome
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Giorgio Trinchieri
- Cancer Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Stavros Garantziotis
- Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yasmine Belkaid
- Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alex M Valm
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12210, USA
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Niki M Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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24
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Zhan X, Yan J, Xiang D, Tang H, Cao L, Zheng Y, Lin H, Xia D. Near-infrared light responsive gold nanoparticles coating endows polyetheretherketone with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:100982. [PMID: 38371468 PMCID: PMC10869918 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is considered as a promising dental implant material owing to its excellent physicochemical and mechanical properties. However, its wide range of applications is limited by its biologically inert nature. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light responsive bioactive coating with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and metronidazole adhered to the PEEK surface via dopamine polymerization. Compared to pure PEEK, the hydrophilicity of the treated PEEK surface was significantly improved. In addition, under NIR light, the surface coating exhibited photothermal conversion effect, and gold nanoparticles and the antibiotic can be released from the coating. This improved the antibacterial properties of PEEK materials. Moreover, the coating was more conducive to the early adhesion of bone mesenchymal stem cells. The results of in vitro and in vivo osteogenic activity studies showed that the developed coating promoted osseointegration of PEEK implants, and NIR light irradiation further improved the antibacterial ability and osteogenic activity of PEEK implants. Through RNA sequencing, the potential underlying mechanism of promoting bone formation of the AuNPs coating combined metronidazole was interpreted. In summary, the developed coating is a potential surface treatment strategy that endows PEEK with enhanced osseointegration and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Zhan
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianglong Yan
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dong Xiang
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dandan Xia
- Department of Dental Materials, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, China
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25
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Yáñez L, Soto C, Tapia H, Pacheco M, Tapia J, Osses G, Salinas D, Rojas-Celis V, Hoare A, Quest AFG, Díaz-Elizondo J, Pérez-Donoso JM, Bravo D. Co-Culture of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum Synergistically Elevates IL-6 Expression via TLR4 Signaling in Oral Keratinocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3611. [PMID: 38612423 PMCID: PMC11011619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, characterized by persistent inflammation in the periodontium, is intricately connected to systemic diseases, including oral cancer. Bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, play a pivotal role in periodontitis development because they contribute to dysbiosis and tissue destruction. Thus, comprehending the interplay between these bacteria and their impacts on inflammation holds significant relevance in clinical understanding and treatment advancement. In the present work, we explored, for the first time, their impacts on the expressions of pro-inflammatory mediators after infecting oral keratinocytes (OKs) with a co-culture of pre-incubated P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Our results show that the co-culture increases IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α expressions, synergistically augments IL-6, and translocates NF-kB to the cell nucleus. These changes in pro-inflammatory mediators-associated with chronic inflammation and cancer-correlate with an increase in cell migration following infection with the co-cultured bacteria or P. gingivalis alone. This effect depends on TLR4 because TLR4 knockdown notably impacts IL-6 expression and cell migration. Our study unveils, for the first time, crucial insights into the outcomes of their co-culture on virulence, unraveling the role of bacterial interactions in polymicrobial diseases and potential links to oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Yáñez
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Cristopher Soto
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Héctor Tapia
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Martín Pacheco
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Javiera Tapia
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Gabriela Osses
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Daniela Salinas
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (D.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Victoria Rojas-Celis
- Virology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7800003, Chile;
| | - Anilei Hoare
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (D.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Jessica Díaz-Elizondo
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - José Manuel Pérez-Donoso
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile;
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Microbial Interactions Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370133, Chile; (L.Y.); (C.S.); (H.T.); (M.P.); (J.T.); (G.O.); (J.D.-E.)
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
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26
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Manzoor M, Leskelä J, Pietiäinen M, Martinez-Majander N, Könönen E, Niiranen T, Lahti L, Sinisalo J, Putaala J, Pussinen PJ, Paju S. Shotgun metagenomic analysis of the oral microbiome in gingivitis: a nested case-control study. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2330867. [PMID: 38528961 PMCID: PMC10962305 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2330867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gingivitis, i.e. inflammation of the gums, is often induced by dentalplaque. However, its exact link to the oral microbiota remains unclear. Methods In a case-control study involving 120 participants, comprising 60 cases and 60 controls (mean age (SD) 36.6 (7.6) years; 50% males), nested within a prospective multicentre cohort study, we examined theoral microbiome composition of gingivitis patients and their controlsusing shotgun metagenomic sequencing of saliva samples. Participants underwent clinical and radiographic oral health examinations, including bleeding on probing (BOP), at six tooth sites. BOP ≥33%was considered 'generalized gingivitis/initial periodontitis'(GG/IP), and BOP <33% as 'healthy and localized gingivitis'(H/LG). Functional potential was inferred using HUMANn3. Results GG/IP exhibited an increase in the abundance of Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, Aggregatibacter, Corynebacterium, Olsenella, and Treponema, whereas H/LG exhibited an increased abundance of Candidatus Nanosynbacter. Nineteen bacterial species and fourmicrobial functional profiles, including L-methionine, glycogen, andinosine-5'-phosphate biosynthesis, were associated with GG/IP. Constructing models with multiple markers resulted in a strong predictive value for GG/IP, with an area under the curve (ROC) of 0.907 (95% CI: 0.848-0.966). Conclusion We observed distinct differences in the oral microbiome between the GG/IP and H/LG groups, indicating similar yet unique microbial profiles and emphasizing their potential role in progression of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Manzoor
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Leskelä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Pietiäinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Industrial Biotechnology and Food Protein Production, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Espoo, Finland
| | | | - Eija Könönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teemu Niiranen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leo Lahti
- Department of Computing, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juha Sinisalo
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital, and Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Putaala
- Department of Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pirkko J. Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- School of Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susanna Paju
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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27
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Kudiyirickal MG, Pappachan JM. Periodontitis: An often-neglected complication of diabetes. World J Diabetes 2024; 15:318-325. [PMID: 38591080 PMCID: PMC10999051 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i3.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis is now well established, resulting in periodontal disease being considered as the 6th major complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) after car-diovascular disease, eye disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, and peripheral vascular disease. DM can worsen the virulence and invasiveness of pathogenic oral microbial flora aggravating the local inflammation and infection in those with periodontal disease. On the other hand, the chemical and immunological mediators released into the circulation as part of periodontal inflammation worsen the systemic insulin resistance with worsening of T2DM. Periodontitis if undiagnosed or left untreated can also result in eventual tooth loss. A study by Xu et al in the World Journal of Diabetes examined the predictive factors associated with periodontitis in Chinese patients with T2DM. The prevalence of periodontitis was found to be 75.7% in this study. Based on logistic regression analysis, the predictive factors for higher risk were low tooth brushing frequency [odds ratio (OR) = 4.3], high triglycerides (TG; OR = 3.31), high total cholesterol (TC; OR = 2.87), higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; OR = 2.55), and higher age (OR = 1.05) while higher education level was protective (OR = 0.53). However, the most influential variables were HbA1c followed by age, TC, TG, low education level, brushing frequency, and sex on the random forest model (this model showed higher sensitivity for predicting the risk). A good understanding of the predictors for periodontitis in T2DM patients is important in prevention, early detection of susceptible patients, and intervention to improve periodontal health and enable long-term glycaemic control as observed by Xu et al.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph M Pappachan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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28
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Koo SS, Fernandes JG, Li L, Huang H, Aukhil I, Harrison P, Diaz PI, Shaddox LM. Evaluation of microbiome in primary and permanent dentition in grade C periodontitis in young individuals. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38476115 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to evaluate the subgingival microbiome in patients with grade C molar-incisor pattern periodontitis (C-MIP) affecting the primary or permanent dentitions. METHODS DNA was isolated from subgingival biofilm samples from diseased and healthy sites from 45 C-MIP patients and subjected to phylogenetic microarray analysis. C-MIP sites were compared between children affected in the primary to those affected in the permanent dentitions. Within-subject differences between C-MIP-affected sites and dentition-matched healthy sites were also evaluated. RESULTS C-MIP sites of subjects affected in the primary dentition showed partially overlapping but distinct microbial communities from C-MIP permanent dentition sites (p < 0.05). Differences were due to increased levels in primary C-MIP sites of certain species of the genera Capnocytophaga and Leptotrichia, while C-MIP permanent dentition sites showed higher prevalence of Filifactor alocis. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) was among species seen in high prevalence and levels in both primary and permanent C-MIP sites. Moreover, both permanent and primary C-MIP sites showed distinct microbial communities when compared to dentition-matched healthy sites in the same subject (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Primary and permanent teeth with C-MIP showed a dysbiotic microbiome, with children affected in the primary dentition showing a distinct profile from those affected in the permanent dentition. However, Aa was enriched in both primary and permanent diseased sites, confirming that this microorganism is implicated in C-MIP in both dentitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungeun Stephanie Koo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jussara G Fernandes
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division and Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- UB Microbiome Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Peter Harrison
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
- UB Microbiome Center, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Luciana M Shaddox
- Department of Oral Health Practice, Periodontology Division and Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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29
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Rath A, Wong M, Li K, Wong A, Tan L, Tan K, Pannuti CM. Efficacy of adjunctive octenidine hydrochloride as compared to chlorhexidine and placebo as adjuncts to instrumentation in stage I-II periodontitis: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial. Int J Dent Hyg 2024. [PMID: 38461488 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This randomized, controlled, double-blinded clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of octenidine hydrochloride and chlorhexidine mouthwashes as adjuncts to instrumentation in stage I-II periodontitis patients. METHODS Forty-five patients with mild-to-moderate periodontitis were randomly allocated to three groups: 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), placebo, and 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwashes. Patients were instructed to use the mouthwash after instrumentation for twice a day up to 3 weeks. Periodontal parameters such as probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), O'Leary plaque index (PI), Loe and Silness gingival index (GI), Lobene stain index (SI), and oral soft tissue changes were recorded at baseline and once every week for 3 weeks. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was also recorded as a self-administered questionnaire at the end of the study. The one-way ANOVA was used to compare VAS scores between the groups. The repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc Newman-Keuls tests were used to assess the differences in the periodontal parameters between groups at different time intervals. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the mean SI. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in the mean GI of the OCT and CHX groups compared to placebo (p < 0.05). OCT usage resulted in significantly less staining, according to mean SI, when compared to CHX. Furthermore, VAS scores revealed that OCT was significantly the preferred mouthwash (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Adjunctive octenidine hydrochloride may be an alternative to chlorhexidine in its ability to control the periodontal parameters in patients with stage I-II periodontitis. Further larger studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avita Rath
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Melissa Wong
- Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Keehon Li
- Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Wilayah Perseketuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Amanda Wong
- Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Wilayah Perseketuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Lisa Tan
- Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Wilayah Perseketuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Kenneth Tan
- Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Wilayah Perseketuan Putrajaya, Malaysia
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Yasuda J, Yasuda H, Nomura R, Matayoshi S, Inaba H, Gongora E, Iwashita N, Shirahata S, Kaji N, Akitomo T, Mitsuhata C, Uchiyama J, Fukuyama T, Matsumoto-Nakano M, Nakano K, Murakami M. Investigation of periodontal disease development and Porphyromonas gulae FimA genotype distribution in small dogs. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5360. [PMID: 38438471 PMCID: PMC10912432 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55842-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In dogs, Porphyromonas gulae is a major periodontal pathogen with 41-kDa proteins polymerizing to form a filamentous structure called fimbriae or pili, termed FimA. FimA is classified into three genotypes: A, B, and C, and there are combinations of types A, B, C, A/B, A/C, B/C, and A/B/C. Periodontal disease is the most common oral disease in small dogs, but the periodontal disease status and P. gulae colonization at each dog age and breed remain unclear. In this study, we stratified 665 small dogs and analyzed the periodontal status and distribution of P. gulae with each FimA genotype. Dogs with periodontal disease and FimA genotype tended to increase with age. The dogs with at least one FimA genotype had significantly more severe periodontal disease compared with P. gulae-negative dogs (P < 0.01). Additionally, periodontal status was significantly associated with specific FimA genotype distribution in Toy Poodles and Chihuahuas (P < 0.05), whereas there was no such association in Dachshunds. These results suggest that the onset of periodontal disease and P. gulae colonization are related and progress with age. The relationship between periodontal disease and FimA genotype may differ depending on the dog breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Yasuda
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Yasuda Veterinary Clinic, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ryota Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Saaya Matayoshi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Inaba
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Naoki Iwashita
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Bioalch, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan
| | - So Shirahata
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
- Primo Animal Hospital, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kaji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Akitomo
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Chieko Mitsuhata
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Jumpei Uchiyama
- Department of Bacteriology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukuyama
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakano
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaru Murakami
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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31
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Irani D, Jungbauer G, Sculean A, Eick S. Effect of sodium hypochlorite gel on bacteria associated with periodontal disease. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:190. [PMID: 38430333 PMCID: PMC10908609 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05446-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An adjunct in non-surgical periodontal therapy might be sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)-based agents. The purpose of the present in vitro study was to get deeper knowledge on the influence of different parameters as time after mixing, pH, and chemical composition of an amino acid 0.475% NaOCl (AA-NaOCl) gel consisting of two components on its anti-biofilm activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six-species biofilms were cultured for 5 days, before AA-NaOCl gel was applied. In the different series, the influence of the time after mixing of the two components before application, of the concentration of NaOCl in the gel mixture, of the pH of the gel mixture, and of an exchange of the amino acid component by hyaluronic acid (HA), was analyzed. RESULTS Mixing time point experiments showed that the AA-NaOCl gel is capable of statistically significantly reducing colony-forming unit (cfu) counts up to 30 min after mixing, but only up to 20 min after mixing the reduction was more than 2 log10 cfu. The pH experiments indicate that a reduced pH results in a reduced activity of the NaOCl formulation. NaOCl concentrations in the formulation in the range from 0.475 to 0.2% provide adequate activity on biofilms. A HA/NaOCl gel was equally active against the biofilm as the AA-NaOCl gel. CONCLUSION Mixing of the components should be made in a timeframe of 20 min before applications. An optimization of the composition of the NaOCl formulation might be possible and should be a topic in further in vitro studies. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The AA-NaOCl gel formulation can be mixed up to 20 min before application. Further, the study indicates that the composition of the NaOCl gel formulation can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Irani
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gert Jungbauer
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sigrun Eick
- School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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32
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Ge Y, Bamashmous S, Mancinelli-Lyle D, Zadeh M, Mohamadzadeh M, Kotsakis GA. Interdental oral hygiene interventions elicit varying compositional microbiome changes in naturally occurring gingivitis: Secondary data analysis from a clinical trial. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:309-318. [PMID: 38088457 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of different oral irrigators on the sub-gingival microbiome composition in patients with naturally occurring plaque-induced gingivitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sub-gingival plaque was collected from adults participating in a clinical trial assessing the efficacy of oral hygiene with two different oral irrigators (Waterpik Water Flosser [Group 1] and Oral-B Water Flosser [Group 2]) versus dental flossing (Group 3) for microbiome analysis. Plaque samples were reflective of naturally occurring plaque-induced gingivitis at baseline and of gingival health at the endpoint (4 weeks). Clinical measures of gingival inflammation were collected, and the sub-gingival microbiome was analysed by 16S rRNA sequencing to identify amplicon sequence variants. RESULTS Oral hygiene instruction with self-performed manual toothbrushing and water-jet irrigation led to significant reductions in inflammation for all groups; both oral irrigators outperformed flossing in bleeding-on-probing reduction (p < .001). Microbiome diversity of sub-gingival plaque remained relatively stable over time, but significant changes were noted in certain taxa, consistent with increases in the relative abundance of commensals and reductions in late colonizers and periodontal pathogens in the water-jet groups. CONCLUSIONS Reduction in gingival inflammation at 4 weeks within the water-jet groups is accompanied by slight but critical changes in microbiome composition. Although biodiversity does not substantially change within 4 weeks during the resolution of naturally induced gingivitis, significant relative increases in commensal early colonizers such as Streptococcus, Veillonella and Fusobacterium were accompanied by a shift towards a less anaerobic microbiota associated with return to health. These changes were contingent upon the type of interdental hygiene, with Group 1 exhibiting more significant alterations in microbiome composition towards a periodontal-health-compatible community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ge
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shatha Bamashmous
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Deborah Mancinelli-Lyle
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mojgan Zadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Mansour Mohamadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Georgios A Kotsakis
- Department of Oral Biology, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA
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Mizgalska D, Malicki S, Golda A, Chruścicka‐Smaga B, Potempa J. Screening and characterization of aptamers recognizing the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:498-504. [PMID: 38308430 PMCID: PMC10909966 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is one of the most common forms of inflammation. It is currently diagnosed by observing symptoms such as gingival bleeding and attachment loss. However, the detection of biomarkers that precede such symptoms would allow earlier diagnosis and prevention. Aptamers are short oligonucleotides or peptides that fold into three-dimensional conformations conferring the ability to bind molecular targets with high affinity and specificity. Here we report the selection of aptamers that bind specifically to the bacterium Tannerella forsythia, a pathogen frequently associated with periodontal disease. Two aptamers with the highest affinity were examined in more detail, revealing that their binding is probably dependent on mirolysin, a surface-associated protease secreted by the T. forsythia type-9 secretion system. The aptamers showed minimal cross-reactivity to other periodontopathogens and are therefore promising leads for the development of new tools to study the composition of the periodontitis-associated dysbiotic bacteriome as well as inexpensive new diagnostic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuta Mizgalska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Stanisław Malicki
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
- Laboratory of Proteolysis and Post‐translational Modification of Proteins, Malopolska Centre of BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Anna Golda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Barbara Chruścicka‐Smaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and BiotechnologyJagiellonian UniversityKrakówPoland
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious DiseasesUniversity of Louisville School of DentistryKYUSA
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Qiu C, Zhou W, Shen H, Wang J, Tang R, Wang T, Xie X, Hong B, Ren R, Wang G, Song Z. Profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular metabolic signatures in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2024; 16:41. [PMID: 38373985 PMCID: PMC10875772 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-024-01402-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has attracted more attention recently, whereas profiles of subgingival microbiomes and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) metabolic signatures in AD patients have rarely been characterized; thus, little evidence exists to support the oral-brain axis hypothesis. Therefore, our study aimed to characterize both the microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF in patients with AD and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) for the first time. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Clinical examinations were performed on all participants. The microbial community of subgingival plaque and the metabolomic profiles of GCF were characterized using the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene high-throughput sequencing and liquid chromatography linked to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, respectively. RESULTS Thirty-two patients with AD, 32 patients with aMCI, and 32 cognitively normal people were enrolled. The severity of periodontitis was significantly increased in AD patients compared with aMCI patients and cognitively normal people. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the relative abundances of 16 species in subgingival plaque were significantly correlated with cognitive function, and LC-MS/MS analysis identified a total of 165 differentially abundant metabolites in GCF. Moreover, multiomics Data Integration Analysis for Biomarker discovery using Latent cOmponents (DIABLO) analysis revealed that 19 differentially abundant metabolites were significantly correlated with Veillonella parvula, Dialister pneumosintes, Leptotrichia buccalis, Pseudoleptotrichia goodfellowii, and Actinomyces massiliensis, in which galactinol, sn-glycerol 3-phosphoethanolamine, D-mannitol, 1 h-indole-1-pentanoic acid, 3-(1-naphthalenylcarbonyl)- and L-iditol yielded satisfactory accuracy for the predictive diagnosis of AD progression. CONCLUSIONS This is the first combined subgingival microbiome and GCF metabolome study in patients with AD and aMCI, which revealed that periodontal microbial dysbiosis and metabolic disorders may be involved in the etiology and progression of AD, and the differential abundance of the microbiota and metabolites may be useful as potential markers for AD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che Qiu
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Jinzun Road No.115, Pudong District, Shanghai, 200125, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Tang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, South Wanping Road No.600, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Xie
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, South Wanping Road No.600, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Rujing Ren
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin 2nd Road No.197, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhongchen Song
- Department of Periodontology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Zhizaoju Road No.639, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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35
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Wang Q, Wang BY, Pratap S, Xie H. Oral microbiome associated with differential ratios of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus cristatus. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0348223. [PMID: 38230927 PMCID: PMC10846039 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03482-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis has recently been defined as a dysbiotic disease caused by an imbalanced oral microbiota. The transition from commensal microbial communities to periodontitis-associated ones requires colonization by specific pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis. We previously reported an antagonistic relationship between Streptococcus cristatus and P. gingivalis. To determine the role of S. cristatus in altering the interactions of P. gingivalis with other oral bacteria in a complex context, we collected dental plaque samples from patients with periodontitis and assigned them to two groups based on the ratios of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis. We then characterized the microbial profiles of the dental plaque samples using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and compared the oral microbial composition and functional capabilities of the group with high S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios with the low ratio group. Taxonomic annotation revealed significant differences in the microbial composition at both the genus and species levels between the low and high S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratio groups. Notably, a higher microbial diversity was observed in the samples with low S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios. Furthermore, the antibiotic resistance gene profiles of the two groups were also distinct, with a significantly increased abundance of the genes in the dental plaque samples with low S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios. It, therefore, indicates that the S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios influenced the virulence potential of the oral microbiome. Our work shows that enhancing the S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratio in oral microbial communities can be an attractive approach for revising the dysbiotic oral microbiome.IMPORTANCEPeriodontitis, one of the most common chronic diseases, is linked to several systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Although Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen that causes periodontitis, its levels, interactions with accessory bacteria and pathobionts in the oral microbiome, and its association with the pathogenic potential of the microbial communities are still not well understood. In this study, we revealed the role of Streptococcus cristatus and the ratios of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis in modulating the oral microbiome to facilitate a deeper understanding of periodontitis and its progression. The study has important clinical implications as it laid a foundation for developing novel non-antibiotic therapies against P. gingivalis and improving the efficiency of periodontal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguo Wang
- School of Applied Computational Sciences, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bing-Yan Wang
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Siddharth Pratap
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hua Xie
- School of Dentistry, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Baker JL, Mark Welch JL, Kauffman KM, McLean JS, He X. The oral microbiome: diversity, biogeography and human health. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:89-104. [PMID: 37700024 PMCID: PMC11084736 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-023-00963-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
The human oral microbiota is highly diverse and has a complex ecology, comprising bacteria, microeukaryotes, archaea and viruses. These communities have elaborate and highly structured biogeography that shapes metabolic exchange on a local scale and results from the diverse microenvironments present in the oral cavity. The oral microbiota also interfaces with the immune system of the human host and has an important role in not only the health of the oral cavity but also systemic health. In this Review, we highlight recent advances including novel insights into the biogeography of several oral niches at the species level, as well as the ecological role of candidate phyla radiation bacteria and non-bacterial members of the oral microbiome. In addition, we summarize the relationship between the oral microbiota and the pathology of oral diseases and systemic diseases. Together, these advances move the field towards a more holistic understanding of the oral microbiota and its role in health, which in turn opens the door to the study of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon L Baker
- Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
- UC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jessica L Mark Welch
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Xuesong He
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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Wang M, Chen J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Feng Q, Wei F. Salivary microbiomes vary among orthodontic appliances and associate with clinical periodontal parameters. Orthod Craniofac Res 2024; 27:174-184. [PMID: 37985447 DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the salivary bacterial communities during the first 6-month orthodontic treatment with Clear Aligners (CA) and Fixed Appliances (FA), and its correlation with clinical periodontal parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva and periodontal parameters were sampled from individuals wearing CA or FA before treatment (T0), and after 3- (T3) and 6-month (T6) treatments. Salivary bacterial communities characterized based on the 16S rRNA V3-V4 region were compared between FA and CA and correlated with clinical periodontal parameters. RESULTS Probing Depth (PD) significantly increased at T6 in the FA group versus T0, whereas it remained stable in the CA group. The Shannon and Pielou indices were significantly higher in the FA group and significantly positively correlated with periodontal inflammation parameters. β-diversity analysis revealed distinct communities between the FA group and CA group at T6. The relative abundances of 3 genera and 15 species were significantly higher in the FA group. Among the above appliance-type related taxa, bacterial genera Selenomonas, Stomatobaculum, Olsenella and Faecalicoccus and bacterial species Selenomonas_sputigena, Dialister_invisus, Olsenella_profus, Prevotella_buccae, Cryptobacterium_curtum and Clostridium_spiroforme were significantly positively associated with periodontal parameters. CONCLUSIONS Orthodontic treatments trigger appliance-related salivary bacterial communities, highlighting the importance of developing appliance-orientated periodontal strategies during orthodontic treatments. Salivary bacterial communities harboured by patients wearing FA possess higher bacterial parameters which were associated with increasing PD, PI and Gingival Index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Jitian Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyao Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- Department of Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Feng
- Department of Microbiome, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
| | - Fulan Wei
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, China
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Hoefer KC, Weber LT, Barbe AG, Graf I, Thom S, Nowag A, Scholz CJ, Wisplinghoff H, Noack MJ, Jazmati N. The tongue microbiome of young patients with chronic kidney disease and their healthy mothers. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:110. [PMID: 38265670 PMCID: PMC10808353 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05492-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral microbiome plays a crucial role in the incidence and development of oral diseases. An altered intestinal microbiome has been reported in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to characterize the tongue microbiome of young patients with CKD compared to their healthy mothers to identify the influence of CKD-associated factors on resilient tongue ecosystem. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty patients with CKD (mean age, 14.2 years; 16 males and 14 females) and generalized gingivitis were included in the study. Swabs of the posterior tongue were collected from the patients and 21 mothers (mean age 40.8 years). Next-generation sequencing of 16S rDNA genes was employed to quantitatively characterize microbial communities. RESULTS The bacterial communities were similar in terms of richness and diversity between patients and mothers (p > 0.05). In patients with CKD, 5 core phyla, 20 core genera, and 12 core species were identified. CONCLUSIONS The tongue microbiome of the study participants showed no relevant CKD-associated differences compared to their mothers and appears to be a highly preserved niche in the oral cavity. Differences observed in the abundance of individual species in this study could be attributed to the age rather than CKD, even after a mean disease duration of 11 years. CLINICAL RELEVANCE CKD and its associated metabolic changes appear to have no detectable impact on the resilient tongue microbiome observed in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin C Hoefer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Lutz T Weber
- Children´s and Adolescents Hospital, Pediatric Nephrology, University Hospital of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anna Greta Barbe
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabelle Graf
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Hilmar Wisplinghoff
- Wisplinghoff Laboratories, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Virology and Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Michael J Noack
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Polyclinic for Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nathalie Jazmati
- Wisplinghoff Laboratories, Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Abdulkareem AA, Al-Taweel FB, Al-Sharqi AJ, Gul SS, Sha A, Chapple IL. Current concepts in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: from symbiosis to dysbiosis. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2197779. [PMID: 37025387 PMCID: PMC10071981 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2197779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary etiological agent for the initiation and progression of periodontal disease is the dental plaque biofilm which is an organized aggregation of microorganisms residing within a complex intercellular matrix. The non-specific plaque hypothesis was the first attempt to explain the role of the dental biofilm in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. However, the introduction of sophisticated diagnostic and laboratory assays has led to the realisation that the development of periodontitis requires more than a mere increase in the biomass of dental plaque. Indeed, multispecies biofilms exhibit complex interactions between the bacteria and the host. In addition, not all resident microorganisms within the biofilm are pathogenic, since beneficial bacteria exist that serve to maintain a symbiotic relationship between the plaque microbiome and the host’s immune-inflammatory response, preventing the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms and the development of dysbiosis. This review aims to highlight the development and structure of the dental plaque biofilm and to explore current literature on the transition from a healthy (symbiotic) to a diseased (dysbiotic) biofilm in periodontitis and the associated immune-inflammatory responses that drive periodontal tissue destruction and form mechanistic pathways that impact other systemic non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Abdulkareem
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- CONTACT Ali A. Abdulkareem College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Firas B. Al-Taweel
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali J.B. Al-Sharqi
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sarhang S. Gul
- College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Aram Sha
- College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Iain L.C. Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Rux C, Wittmer A, Stork A, Vach K, Hellwig E, Cieplik F, Al-Ahmad A. Optimizing the use of low-frequency ultrasound for bacterial detachment of in vivo biofilms in dental research-a methodological study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 28:19. [PMID: 38141103 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound is commonly utilized in various dental research fields to remove biofilms from surfaces, but no clear recommendation exists in dental studies so far. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the sonication procedure for the dental field to efficiently detach bacteria while preserving viability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initial biofilm was formed in vivo on bovine enamel slabs (n = 6) which were worn by four healthy participants for 4 h and 24 h. The enamel slabs covered with biofilm were then ultrasonicated ex vivo for various time periods (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 min). Colony-forming units were determined for quantification, and bacteria were identified using MALDI-TOF. Scanning electron microscopic images were taken to also examine the efficiency of ultrasonications for different time periods. RESULTS Ultrasonication for 1 min resulted in the highest bacterial counts, with at least 4.5-fold number compared to the non-sonicated control (p < 0.05). Most bacteria were detached within the first 2 min of sonication, but there were still bacteria detached afterwards, although significantly fewer (p < 0.0001). The highest bacterial diversity was observed after 1 and 2 min of sonication (p < 0.03). Longer sonication periods negatively affected bacterial counts of anaerobes, Gram-negative bacteria, and bacilli. Scanning electron microscopic images demonstrated the ability of ultrasound to desorb microorganisms, as well as revealing cell damage and remaining bacteria. CONCLUSIONS With the use of low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound, significantly higher bacterial counts and diversity can be reached. A shorter sonication time of 1 min shows the best results overall. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This standardization is recommended to study initial oral biofilms aged up to 24 h to maximize the outcome of experiments and lead to better comparability of studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Rux
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Annette Wittmer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder- Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anja Stork
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 26, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elmar Hellwig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Cieplik
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauß-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ali Al-Ahmad
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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Jiang W, Xu T, Song Z, Wang X, Yuan S, Li Q, Wei Y, Wang C, Yang G, Cao J, Mo Y, Liu Z, Li N, Li S, Lv P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Hu W. CCL2 is a key regulator and therapeutic target for periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1644-1657. [PMID: 37697486 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our previous study revealed that the C-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a promising target for periodontitis prevention and treatment. However, CCR2 is a receptor with multiple C-C motif chemokine ligands (CCLs), including CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13 and CCL16, and which of these ligands plays a key role in periodontitis remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to explore the key functional ligand of CCR2 in periodontitis and to evaluate the potential of the functional ligand as a therapeutic target for periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression levels and clinical relevance of CCR2, CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13 and CCL16 were studied using human samples. The role of CCL2 in periodontitis was evaluated by using CCL2 knockout mice and overexpressing CCL2 in the periodontium. The effect of local administration of bindarit in periodontitis was evaluated by preventive and therapeutic medication in a mouse periodontitis model. Microcomputed tomography, haematoxylin and eosin staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, bead-based immunoassays and flow cytometry were used for histomorphology, molecular biology and cytology analysis. RESULTS Among different ligands of CCR2, only CCL2 was significantly up-regulated in periodontitis gingival tissues and was positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis. Mice lacking CCL2 showed milder inflammation and less bone resorption than wild-type mice, which was accompanied by a reduction in monocyte/macrophage recruitment. Adeno-associated virus-2 vectors overexpressing CCL2 in Ccl2-/- mice gingiva reversed the attenuation of periodontitis in a CCR2-dependent manner. In ligation-induced experimental periodontitis, preventive or therapeutic administration of bindarit, a CCL2 synthesis inhibitor, significantly inhibited the production of CCL2, decreased the osteoclast number and bone loss and reduced the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS CCL2 is a pivotal chemokine that binds to CCR2 during the progression of periodontitis, and targeting CCL2 may be a feasible option for controlling periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Jiang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Emergency, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanming Song
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuekang Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Yuan
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiping Wei
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqian Mo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongtian Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Hu
- Department of Periodontology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
- NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Lin WZ, Chen BY, Qiu P, Zhou LJ, Li YL, Du LJ, Liu Y, Wang YL, Zhu H, Wu XY, Liu X, Duan SZ, Zhu YQ. Altered salivary microbiota profile in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23040. [PMID: 38144289 PMCID: PMC10746442 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that the DNA of oral pathogens is detectable in the dilated aortic tissue of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), one of the most fatal cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between oral microbial homeostasis and aneurysm formation remains largely unknown. In this study, a cohort of individuals, including 53 AAA patients and 30 control participants (CTL), was recruited for salivary microbiota investigation by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Salivary microbial diversity was decreased in AAA compared with CTL, and the microbial structures were significantly separated between the two groups. Additionally, significant taxonomic and functional changes in the salivary microbiota of AAA participants were observed. The genera Streptococcus and Gemella were remarkably enriched, while Selenomonas, Leptotrichia, Lautropia and Corynebacterium were significantly depleted in AAA. Co-occurrence network analysis showed decreased potential interactions among the differentially abundant microbial genera in AAA. A machine-learning model predicted AAA using the combination of 5 genera and 14 differentially enriched functional pathways, which could distinguish AAA from CTL with an area under the receiver-operating curve of 90.3 %. Finally, 16 genera were found to be significantly positively correlated with the morphological parameters of AAA. Our study is the first to show that AAA patients exhibit oral microbial dysbiosis, which has high predictive power for AAA, and the over-representation of specific salivary bacteria may be associated with AAA disease progression. Further studies are needed to better understand the function of putative oral bacteria in the etiopathogenesis of AAA. Importance Host microbial dysbiosis has recently been linked to AAA as a possible etiology. To our knowledge, studies of the oral microbiota and aneurysms remain scarce, although previous studies have indicated that the DNA of some oral pathogens is detectable in aneurysms by PCR method. We take this field one step further by investigating the oral microbiota composition of AAA patients against control participants via high-throughput sequencing technologies and unveiling the potential microbial biomarker associated with AAA formation. Our study will provide new insights into AAA etiology, treatment and prevention from a microecological perspective and highlight the effects of oral microbiota on vascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhen Lin
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu-Jun Zhou
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin-Juan Du
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Li Wang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaobing Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systemic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Qin Zhu
- Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology; Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Yan M, Liang W, Du L, Guo R, Cao Y, Ni S, Zhong Y, Zhang K, Qu K, Qin X, Chen L, Wu W. Metronidazole-loaded polydopamine nanomedicine with antioxidant and antibacterial bioactivity for periodontitis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2143-2157. [PMID: 38127626 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study focused on treating periodontitis with bacterial infection and local over accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Materials & methods: Polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) were exploited as efficient carriers for encapsulated metronidazole (MNZ). The therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility of PDA@MNZ NPs were investigated through both in vitro and in vivo studies. Results: The nanodrug PDA@MNZ NPs were successfully fabricated, with well-defined physicochemical characteristics. In vitro, the PDA@MNZ NPs effectively eliminated intracellular reactive oxygen species and inhibited the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Moreover, the PDA@MNZ NPs exhibited synergistic therapy for periodontitisin in vivo. Conclusion: PDA@MNZ NPs were confirmed with exceptional antimicrobial and antioxidant functions, offering a promising avenue for synergistic therapy in periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Wen Liang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Lan Du
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Rongjuan Guo
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yu Cao
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Sheng Ni
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Kai Qu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing, 404000, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science & Technology of Ministry of Education, State & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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Chen X, Xue D, Cui P, Zhao Y, Lu S. Association between periodontitis and disc structural failures in patients with cervical degenerative disorders. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:884. [PMID: 37986194 PMCID: PMC10658997 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown that the mouth-gut-disc axis may play a key role in the process of disc structural failures (including intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) and endplate change) in the cervical spine and neck pain. However, the potential mechanisms underlying the mouth-gut-disc axis remain elusive. Therefore, we explored whether periodontal disease is associated with disc structural failures in patients with cervical degeneration disorders and clinical outcomes. METHODS Adults (aged > 18 years) who met open surgery criteria for cervical spine were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Participants were allocated into two groups based on periodontal examinations before surgery: no/mild periodontitis group and moderate/severe periodontitis group. Data were evaluated using an independent t test and Pearson's correlation analysis. RESULTS A total of 108 patients were enrolled, including 68 patients in the no/mild periodontitis group and 40 patients in the moderate/severe periodontitis group. The number of common causes of missing teeth (P = 0.005), plaque index (PLI) (P = 0.003), bleeding index (BI) (P = 0.000), and probing depth (PD) (P = 0.000) significantly differed between the two groups. The incidence rate of endplate change (P = 0.005) was higher in the moderate/severe periodontitis group than in the no/mild periodontitis group. A moderate negative association was found between the neck disability index (NDI) score and periodontal parameters (PLI: r = - 0.337, P = 0.013; BI: r = - 0.426, P = 0.001; PD: r = - 0.346, r = - 0.010). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to provide evidence that severe periodontitis is associated with a higher occurrence rate of disc structural failures and poor clinical outcomes in patients with cervical degenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Stomatology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, No.45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China.
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Hossain MI, Shams AB, Das Gupta S, Blanchard GJ, Mobasheri A, Hoque Apu E. The Potential Role of Ionic Liquid as a Multifunctional Dental Biomaterial. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3093. [PMID: 38002093 PMCID: PMC10669305 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In craniofacial research and routine dental clinical procedures, multifunctional materials with antimicrobial properties are in constant demand. Ionic liquids (ILs) are one such multifunctional intelligent material. Over the last three decades, ILs have been explored for different biomedical applications due to their unique physical and chemical properties, high task specificity, and sustainability. Their stable physical and chemical characteristics and extremely low vapor pressure make them suitable for various applications. Their unique properties, such as density, viscosity, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, may provide higher performance as a potential dental material. ILs have functionalities for optimizing dental implants, infiltrate materials, oral hygiene maintenance products, and restorative materials. They also serve as sensors for dental chairside usage to detect oral cancer, periodontal lesions, breath-based sobriety, and dental hard tissue defects. With further optimization, ILs might also make vital contributions to craniofacial regeneration, oral hygiene maintenance, oral disease prevention, and antimicrobial materials. This review explores the different advantages and properties of ILs as possible dental material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Iqbal Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (M.I.H.); (G.J.B.)
| | - Abdullah Bin Shams
- The Edward S. Rogers Sr. Department of Electrical Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G4, Canada;
| | - Shuvashis Das Gupta
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.D.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Gary J. Blanchard
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (M.I.H.); (G.J.B.)
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.D.G.); (A.M.)
- Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, WHO Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculo-Skeletal Health and Ageing, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ehsanul Hoque Apu
- Research Unit of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90220 Oulu, Finland; (S.D.G.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Knoxville, TN 37923, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Centre for International Public Health and Environmental Research, Bangladesh (CIPHER,B), Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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Daily ZA, Al-Ghurabi BH, Al-Qarakhli AMA, Moseley R. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) as an accurate biomarker of periodontal status and coronary heart disease severity: a case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:868. [PMID: 37974134 PMCID: PMC10652601 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence supports associations between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD). This case-control study evaluated whether inflammatory regulator, microRNA-155 (miR-155), could be utilised as a biomarker of periodontitis and/or CHD. METHODS Of 120 participants, 30 patients had clinically healthy periodontium (controls, C), 30 patients had generalized periodontitis (P), 30 patients had CHD and clinically healthy periodontium (AS-C); and 30 patients had CHD with generalized periodontitis (AS-P). Patient demographic and periodontal characteristics (plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss), were collected. Patient whole blood and saliva levels of miR-155 and pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-1β), were quantified by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey test was used to determine differences among the four groups. Chi Square test was used for participant gender comparisons. Pearson correlation tests and multiple linear regression analyses were used to assess associations between the demographic and clinical variables analysed, versus IL-1β and miR-155 levels. miR-155 and IL-1β accuracy in differentiating healthy versus other patient groups were analysed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, by calculating area under the curve (AUC) values and sensitivity and specificity cut-off points using Youden's index. Statistical tests of sensitivity and specificity were conducted using the McNemar test. RESULTS Whole blood miR-155 levels were elevated in periodontitis/non-periodontitis patients with CHD (AS-P, AS-C), and periodontitis patients alone (P) (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the curve (AUC) analyses confirmed miR-155 accuracy in discriminating P, AS-C and AS-P groups (AUC 0.6861-0.9944, p < 0.0001-0.05), coupled with high sensitivity (76.7-100.0%), specificity (53.3-96.7%) and cut-off points (> 0.955- > 2.915 a.u.; p < 0.0001). miR-155 levels further distinguished between CHD (AS-C, AS-P) and periodontitis (P) patients (AUC ≥ 0.8378, sensitivity ≥ 88.7%, specificity ≥ 73.3%, cut-off > 2.82 a.u; p < 0.0001), and between AS-C and AS-P patients (AUC 0.7578, sensitivity 80.0%, specificity 50.0%, cut-off > 7.065 a.u; p < 0.001). Subsequent analyses identified positive correlations between miR-155 and the various patient demographics, salivary interleukin-1β and periodontal parameters assessed. CONCLUSIONS This study advocates miR-155 as an accurate diagnostic/prognostic biomarker of periodontitis and/or CHD severity, thereby improving detection and treatment for both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zina A Daily
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq
| | | | | | - Ryan Moseley
- Disease Mechanisms Group, School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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Lundtorp Olsen C, Massarenti L, Vendius VFD, Gürsoy UK, Van Splunter A, Bikker FJ, Gürsoy M, Damgaard C, Markvart M, Belstrøm D. Probiotics Support Resilience of the Oral Microbiota during Resolution after Experimental Gingivitis-A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:4805. [PMID: 38004199 PMCID: PMC10675299 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to test whether probiotics protect against experimental gingivitis incited by 14 days of oral hygiene neglect and/or subsequently support the restoration of oral homeostasis. Eighty systemically and orally healthy participants refrained from oral hygiene procedures for 14 days, followed by 14 days with regular oral hygiene procedures. Additionally, participants consumed either probiotics (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) throughout the trial. At baseline, day 14, and day 28, supragingival plaque score and bleeding-on-probing percentage (BOP %) were registered, and supragingival plaque and saliva samples were collected. The supragingival microbiota was characterized using 16S sequencing, and saliva samples were analyzed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and proteases. At day 28, the relative abundance of Lautropia (p = 0.014), Prevotella (p = 0.046), Fusobacterium (p = 0.033), and Selenomonas (p = 0.0078) genera were significantly higher in the placebo group compared to the probiotics group, while the relative abundance of Rothia (p = 0.047) species was associated with the probiotics group. Streptococcus sanguinis was associated with the probiotics group, while Campylobacter gracilis was associated with the placebo group. No difference was observed in salivary cytokines, albumin, or any enzyme activity. The present study suggests that probiotics support the resilience of the oral microbiota in the resolution period after gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Lundtorp Olsen
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
- AMD Denmark A/S, 3390 Hundested, Denmark
| | - Laura Massarenti
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Vincent Frederik Dahl Vendius
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Annina Van Splunter
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Floris J. Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (A.V.S.); (F.J.B.)
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (U.K.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Christian Damgaard
- Section for Oral Biology and Immunopathology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (L.M.); (C.D.)
| | - Merete Markvart
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
| | - Daniel Belstrøm
- Section for Clinical Oral Microbiology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (V.F.D.V.); (M.M.); (D.B.)
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Kitamoto S, Kamada N. The oral-gut axis: a missing piece in the IBD puzzle. Inflamm Regen 2023; 43:54. [PMID: 37932859 PMCID: PMC10626704 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-023-00304-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial intractable intestinal disease. Focusing on only one facet of the pathogenesis of IBD is insufficient to fully capture the complexity of the disease, and results in limited advance in clinical management. Therefore, it is critical to dissect the interactions amongst the multifarious contributors to the pathogenesis to comprehensively understand its pathology and subsequently improve clinical outcomes. In this context, the systemic interactions between organs, particularly the oral-gut axis mediated by host immune cells and resident microorganisms, have garnered significant attention in IBD research. More specifically, periodontal disease such as periodontitis has been implicated in augmenting intestinal inflammation beyond the confines of the oral cavity. There is mounting evidence suggesting that potentially harmful oral resident bacteria, termed pathobionts, and pro-inflammatory immune cells from the oral mucosa can migrate to the gastrointestinal tract, thereby potentiating intestinal inflammation. This article aims to provide a holistic overview of the causal relationship between periodontal disease and intestinal inflammation. Furthermore, we will discuss potential determinants that facilitate the translocation of oral pathobionts into the gut, a key event underpinning the oral-gut axis. Unraveling the complex dynamics of microbiota and immunity in the oral-gut continuum will lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiology inherent in both oral and intestinal diseases and the development of prospective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kitamoto
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- The World Premier International Research Center (WPI) Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), 1012 IFReC Research Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 1150 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Rams TE, Sautter JD, van Winkelhoff AJ. Emergence of Antibiotic-Resistant Porphyromonas gingivalis in United States Periodontitis Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1584. [PMID: 37998786 PMCID: PMC10668829 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance patterns of the major human periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis were assessed over a 20-year period in the United States. Subgingival P. gingivalis was cultured pre-treatment from 2193 severe periodontitis patients during three time periods: 1999-2000 (936 patients), 2009-2010 (685 patients), and 2019-2020 (572 patients). The clinical isolates were tested for in vitro resistance to 4 mg/L for clindamycin and doxycycline, 8 mg/L for amoxicillin, and 16 mg/L for metronidazole, with a post hoc combination of data for metronidazole plus amoxicillin. Clindamycin-resistant P. gingivalis was significantly more prevalent in 2009-2010 (9.1% of patients) and 2019-2020 (9.3%; 15-fold increase) as compared to 1999-2000 (0.6%). P. gingivalis resistance to amoxicillin also significantly increased from 0.1% of patients in 1999-2000 to 1.3% in 2009-2010 and 2.8% (28-fold increase) in 2019-2020. P. gingivalis resistance to metronidazole, metronidazole plus amoxicillin, and doxycycline was low (≤0.5% prevalence), and statistically unchanged, over the 20-year period. These findings are the first to reveal marked increases over 20 years in clindamycin-resistant and amoxicillin-resistant P. gingivalis in United States periodontitis patients. Increased antibiotic resistance of P. gingivalis and other periodontitis-associated bacteria threatens the efficacy of periodontal antimicrobial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E. Rams
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Jacqueline D. Sautter
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, Temple University School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
| | - Arie J. van Winkelhoff
- Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands;
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Arce M, Rodriguez-Peña M, Espinoza-Arrue J, Godoy RA, Reyes M, Kajikawa T, Greenwell-Wild T, Hajishengallis G, Abusleme L, Moutsopoulos N, Dutzan N. Increased STAT3 Activation in Periodontitis Drives Inflammatory Bone Loss. J Dent Res 2023; 102:1366-1375. [PMID: 37697911 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231192381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent human inflammatory diseases. It is characterized by periodontal tissue destruction, progressively driven by the host response. In this regard, cytokines associated with tissue destruction, such as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-23, use a common signaling pathway mediated by STAT3. This transcription factor is also needed for IL-17A production, a key mediator in periodontitis pathogenesis. Although several studies have reported increased activation of STAT3 in experimental periodontitis, a detailed characterization of STAT3 activation in human gingival tissues and its involvement in alveolar bone loss has yet to be explored. Using a cross-sectional study design, we detected increased proportions of pSTAT3-positive cells during periodontitis compared with health, particularly in epithelial cells and T cells. Other cell types of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin also display STAT3 activation in gingival tissues. We detected increased STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of STAT3-related genes during experimental periodontitis. Next, we evaluated the role of STAT3 in alveolar bone destruction using a mouse model of STAT3 loss of function (mut-Stat3 mice). Compared with controls, mut-Stat3 mice had reduced alveolar bone loss following ligature-induced periodontitis. We also evaluated pharmacologic inhibition of STAT3 in ligature-induced periodontitis. Like mut-Stat3 mice, mice treated with STAT3 small-molecule inhibitor had reduced bone loss compared with controls. Our results demonstrate that STAT3 activation is increased in epithelial and T cells during periodontitis and indicate a pathogenic role of STAT3 in inflammatory alveolar bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arce
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Rodriguez-Peña
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Espinoza-Arrue
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R A Godoy
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Reyes
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - T Kajikawa
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - T Greenwell-Wild
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - G Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - L Abusleme
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Moutsopoulos
- Oral Immunity and Infection Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - N Dutzan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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