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Ferreira JJ, Kent LN, McCarthy R, Butler A, Ma X, Peramsetty N, Amazu C, Zhang A, Whitter GC, England SK, Santi CM. SLO2.1/NALCN Functional Complex Activity in Mouse Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells During Pregnancy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.29.596465. [PMID: 38853884 PMCID: PMC11160795 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.596465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
At the end of pregnancy, the uterus transitions from a quiescent to a highly contractile state. This is partly due to depolarization of the resting membrane potential in uterine (myometrial) smooth muscle cells (MSMCs). Experiments with human MSMCs showed that the membrane potential is regulated by a functional complex between the sodium (Na+)-activated potassium (K+) channel SLO2.1 and the Na+ Leak Channel Non-Selective (NALCN). In human MSMCs, Na+ entering through NALCN activates SLO2.1, leading to K+ efflux, membrane hyperpolarization (cells become more negative inside), and reduced contractility. Decreased SLO2.1/NALCN activity results in reduced K+ efflux, leading to membrane depolarization, Ca2+ influx via voltage-dependent calcium channels, and increased MSMC contractility. However, all of these experiments were performed with MSMCs isolated from women at term, so the role of the SLO2.1/NALCN complex early in pregnancy was speculative. To address this question here, we examined the role of the SLO2.1/NALCN complex in regulating mouse MSMC membrane potential across pregnancy. We report that Slo2.1 and Nalcn expression change along pregnancy, being more highly expressed in MSMCs from non-pregnant and early pregnant mice than in those from late-pregnant mice. Functional studies revealed that SLO2.1 channels mediate a significant portion of the K+ current in mouse MSMCs, particularly in cells from non-pregnant and early pregnant mice. Activation of SLO2.1 by Na+ influx through NALCN led to membrane hyperpolarization in MSMCs from early pregnancy but not in MSMCs from later pregnancy. Moreover, we found that the NALCN/SLO2.1 complex regulates intracellular Ca2+ responses more in MSMCs from non-pregnant and early pregnancy mice than in MSMCs from late pregnancy. Together, these findings reveal that the SLO2.1/NALCN functional complex is conserved between mouse and humans and functions throughout pregnancy. This work could open avenues for targeted pharmacological interventions in pregnancy-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ronald McCarthy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alice Butler
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Nikita Peramsetty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Chinwendu Amazu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Alexander Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Grace C. Whitter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Sarah K. England
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Celia M. Santi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Health Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 425 S. Euclid Avenue, CB 8064, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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2
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Mahapatra C, Kumar R. Biophysical Mechanisms of Vaginal Smooth Muscle Contraction: The Role of the Membrane Potential and Ion Channels. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024; 31:225-243. [PMID: 38804298 PMCID: PMC11130850 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology31020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The vagina is an essential component of the female reproductive system and is responsible for providing female sexual satisfaction. Vaginal smooth muscle contraction plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including sexual arousal, childbirth, and urinary continence. In pathophysiological conditions, such as pelvic floor disorders, aberrations in vaginal smooth muscle function can lead to urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. A set of cellular and sub-cellular physiological mechanisms regulates the contractile properties of the vaginal smooth muscle cells. Calcium influx is a crucial determinant of smooth muscle contraction, facilitated through voltage-dependent calcium channels and calcium release from intracellular stores. Comprehensive reviews on smooth muscle biophysics are relatively scarce within the scientific literature, likely due to the complexity and specialized nature of the topic. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of alterations in the cellular physiology of vaginal smooth muscle contraction. The benefit associated with this particular approach is that conducting a comprehensive examination of the cellular mechanisms underlying contractile activation will enable the creation of more targeted therapeutic agents to control vaginal contraction disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitaranjan Mahapatra
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Paris Saclay Institute of Neuroscience, 91440 Saclay, France
| | - Ravinder Kumar
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
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3
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Hamacher C, Degen R, Franke M, Switacz VK, Fleck D, Katreddi RR, Hernandez-Clavijo A, Strauch M, Horio N, Hachgenei E, Spehr J, Liberles SD, Merhof D, Forni PE, Zimmer-Bensch G, Ben-Shaul Y, Spehr M. A revised conceptual framework for mouse vomeronasal pumping and stimulus sampling. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1206-1221.e6. [PMID: 38320553 PMCID: PMC10965388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The physiological performance of any sensory organ is determined by its anatomy and physical properties. Consequently, complex sensory structures with elaborate features have evolved to optimize stimulus detection. Understanding these structures and their physical nature forms the basis for mechanistic insights into sensory function. Despite its crucial role as a sensor for pheromones and other behaviorally instructive chemical cues, the vomeronasal organ (VNO) remains a poorly characterized mammalian sensory structure. Fundamental principles of its physico-mechanical function, including basic aspects of stimulus sampling, remain poorly explored. Here, we revisit the classical vasomotor pump hypothesis of vomeronasal stimulus uptake. Using advanced anatomical, histological, and physiological methods, we demonstrate that large parts of the lateral mouse VNO are composed of smooth muscle. Vomeronasal smooth muscle tissue comprises two subsets of fibers with distinct topography, structure, excitation-contraction coupling, and, ultimately, contractile properties. Specifically, contractions of a large population of noradrenaline-sensitive cells mediate both transverse and longitudinal lumen expansion, whereas cholinergic stimulation targets an adluminal group of smooth muscle fibers. The latter run parallel to the VNO's rostro-caudal axis and are ideally situated to mediate antagonistic longitudinal constriction of the lumen. This newly discovered arrangement implies a novel mode of function. Single-cell transcriptomics and pharmacological profiling reveal the receptor subtypes involved. Finally, 2D/3D tomography provides non-invasive insight into the intact VNO's anatomy and mechanics, enables measurement of luminal fluid volume, and allows an assessment of relative volume change upon noradrenergic stimulation. Together, we propose a revised conceptual framework for mouse vomeronasal pumping and, thus, stimulus sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Hamacher
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Rudolf Degen
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Melissa Franke
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Victoria K Switacz
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Fleck
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Raghu Ram Katreddi
- Department of Biological Sciences, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Andres Hernandez-Clavijo
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Martin Strauch
- Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Nao Horio
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Enno Hachgenei
- Department of Production Metrology, Fraunhofer Institute for Production Technology, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephen D Liberles
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dorit Merhof
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paolo E Forni
- Department of Biological Sciences, The RNA Institute, University at Albany, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Geraldine Zimmer-Bensch
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Neuroepigenetics, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Yoram Ben-Shaul
- Department of Medical Neurobiology, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses - MultiScales, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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4
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Xiao C, Sun Y, Huang H, Yue X, Song Z, David T, Xu S. Cellular communication among smooth muscle cells: The role of membrane potential via connexins. J Theor Biol 2024; 576:111627. [PMID: 37977477 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2023.111627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Communication via action potentials among neurons has been extensively studied. However, effective communication without action potentials is ubiquitous in biological systems, yet it has received much less attention in comparison. Multi-cellular communication among smooth muscles is crucial for regulating blood flow, for example. Understanding the mechanism of this non-action potential communication is critical in many cases, like synchronization of cellular activity, under normal and pathological conditions. In this paper, we employ a multi-scale asymptotic method to derive a macroscopic homogenized bidomain model from the microscopic electro-neutral (EN) model. This is achieved by considering different diffusion coefficients and incorporating nonlinear interface conditions. Subsequently, the homogenized macroscopic model is used to investigate communication in multi-cellular tissues. Our computational simulations reveal that the membrane potential of syncytia, formed by interconnected cells via connexins, plays a crucial role in propagating oscillations from one region to another, providing an effective means for fast cellular communication. Statement of Significance: In this study, we investigated cellular communication and ion transport in vascular smooth muscle cells, shedding light on their mechanisms under normal and abnormal conditions. Our research highlights the potential of mathematical models in understanding complex biological systems. We developed effective macroscale electro-neutral bi-domain ion transport models and examined their behavior in response to different stimuli. Our findings revealed the crucial role of connexinmediated membrane potential changes and demonstrated the effectiveness of cellular communication through syncytium membranes. Despite some limitations, our study provides valuable insights into these processes and emphasizes the importance of mathematical modeling in unraveling the complexities of cellular communication and ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Xiao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, China.
| | - Yishui Sun
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom.
| | - Huaxiong Huang
- Research Center for Mathematics, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research and Application for Data Science, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519088, China; Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems, MOE, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China; Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Xingye Yue
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
| | - Zilong Song
- Math and Statistics Department, Utah State University, Old Main Hill, Logan , UT 84322, USA.
| | - Tim David
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand.
| | - Shixin Xu
- Zu Chongzhi Center for Mathematics and Computational Sciences (CMCS), Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan, 215316, China.
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5
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Ludtka C, Allen JB. The Effects of Simulated and Real Microgravity on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. GRAVITATIONAL AND SPACE RESEARCH : PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR GRAVITATIONAL AND SPACE RESEARCH 2024; 12:46-59. [PMID: 38846256 PMCID: PMC11156189 DOI: 10.2478/gsr-2024-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
As considerations are being made for the limitations and safety of long-term human spaceflight, the vasculature is important given its connection to and impact on numerous organ systems. As a major constituent of blood vessels, vascular smooth muscle cells are of interest due to their influence over vascular tone and function. Additionally, vascular smooth muscle cells are responsive to pressure and flow changes. Therefore, alterations in these parameters under conditions of microgravity can be functionally disruptive. As such, here we review and discuss the existing literature that assesses the effects of microgravity, both actual and simulated, on smooth muscle cells. This includes the various methods for achieving or simulating microgravity, the animal models or cells used, and the various durations of microgravity assessed. We also discuss the various reported findings in the field, which include changes to cell proliferation, gene expression and phenotypic shifts, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), and Ca2+ signaling. Additionally, we briefly summarize the literature on smooth muscle tissue engineering in microgravity as well as considerations of radiation as another key component of spaceflight to contextualize spaceflight experiments, which by their nature include radiation exposure. Finally, we provide general recommendations based on the existing literature's focus and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ludtka
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Josephine B. Allen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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6
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Ren R, Li Y. STIM1 in tumor cell death: angel or devil? Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:408. [PMID: 37932320 PMCID: PMC10628139 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01703-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is involved in mediating the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), driving the influx of the intracellular second messenger calcium ion (Ca2+), which is closely associated with tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, apoptosis, autophagy, metabolism and immune processes. STIM1 is not only regulated at the transcriptional level by NF-κB and HIF-1, but also post-transcriptionally modified by miRNAs and degraded by ubiquitination. Recent studies have shown that STIM1 or Ca2+ signaling can regulate apoptosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis in tumor cells and act discrepantly in different cancers. Furthermore, STIM1 contributes to resistance against antitumor therapy by influencing tumor cell death. Further investigation into the mechanisms through which STIM1 controls other forms of tumor cell death could aid in the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Moreover, STIM1 has the ability to regulate immune cells within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we review the basic structure, function and regulation of STIM1, summarize the signaling pathways through which STIM1 regulates tumor cell death, and propose the prospects of antitumor therapy by targeting STIM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ren
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, 400044, Chongqing, China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, 400030, Chongqing, China.
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7
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Sakai K, Miura S, Teshima TF, Goto T, Takeuchi S, Yamaguchi M. Small-artery-mimicking multi-layered 3D co-culture in a self-folding porous graphene-based film. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:1529-1536. [PMID: 37782508 DOI: 10.1039/d3nh00304c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
In vitro vessel-mimicking models have been spotlighted as a powerful tool for investigating cellular behaviours in vascular development and diseases. However, it is still challenging to create micro-scale tubular tissues while mimicking the structural features of small arteries. Here, we propose a 3D culture model of small vascular tissue using a self-folding graphene-based porous film. Vascular endothelial cells were encapsulated within the self-folding film to create a cellular construct with a controlled curvature radius ranging from 10 to 100 μm, which is comparable to the size of a human arteriole. Additionally, vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were separately co-cultured on the inner and outer surfaces of the folded film, respectively. The porous wall worked as a permeable barrier between them, affecting the cell-cell communications like the extracellular layer in the artery wall. Thus, the culture model recapitulates the structural features of a small artery and will help us better understand intercellular communications at the artery wall in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Sakai
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories and Bio-Medical Informatics Research Center, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan.
| | - Shigenori Miura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiko F Teshima
- Medical and Health Informatics Laboratories, NTT Research Incorporated, 940 Stewart Dr, Sunnyvale, CA, 94085, USA
| | - Toichiro Goto
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories and Bio-Medical Informatics Research Center, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan.
| | - Shoji Takeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masumi Yamaguchi
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories and Bio-Medical Informatics Research Center, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan.
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8
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Agam O, Braun E. Universal calcium fluctuations in Hydramorphogenesis. Phys Biol 2023; 20:066002. [PMID: 37696269 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/acf8a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the collective physical processes that drive robust morphological transitions in animal development necessitates the characterization of the relevant fields involved in morphogenesis. Calcium (Ca2+) is recognized as one such field. In this study, we demonstrate that the spatial fluctuations of Ca2+duringHydraregeneration exhibit universal characteristics. To investigate this phenomenon, we employ two distinct controls, an external electric field andheptanol, a gap junction-blocking drug. Both lead to the modulation of the Ca2+activity and a reversible halting of the regeneration process. The application of an electric field enhances Ca2+activity in theHydra's tissue and increases its spatial correlations, while the administration ofheptanolinhibits its activity and diminishes the spatial correlations. Remarkably, the statistical characteristics of Ca2+spatial fluctuations, including the coefficient of variation and skewness, manifest universal shape distributions across tissue samples and conditions. We introduce a field-theoretic model, describing fluctuations in a tilted double-well potential, which successfully captures these universal properties. Moreover, our analysis reveals that the Ca2+activity is spatially localized, and theHydra's tissue operates near the onset of bistability, where the local Ca2+activity fluctuates between low and high excited states in distinct regions. These findings highlight the prominent role of the Ca2+field inHydramorphogenesis and provide insights into the underlying mechanisms governing robust morphological transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Agam
- The Racah Institute of Physics, Edmond J. Safra Campus, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Erez Braun
- Department of Physics and Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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Herbert-Doctor LA, Sánchez-Recillas A, Ortiz-Andrade R, Hernández-Núñez E, Araujo-León JA, Coral-Martínez TI, Cob-Calan NN, Segura Campos MR, Estrada-Soto S. Vasorelaxant Activity of Salvia hispanica L.: Involvement of the Nitric Oxide Pathway in Its Pharmacological Mechanism. Molecules 2023; 28:6225. [PMID: 37687053 PMCID: PMC10488739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvia hispanica L., commonly known as chía, and its seeds have been used since ancient times to prepare different beverages. Due to its nutritional content, it is considered a dietary ingredient and has been reported with many health benefits. Chia seed components are helpful in cardiovascular disease (CVD) by reducing blood pressure, platelet aggregation, cholesterol, and oxidation. Still, its vasodilator effects on the vascular system were not reported yet. The hexanic (HESh), dichloromethanic (DESh), and methanolic (MESh) extracts obtained from chía seeds were evaluated on an aortic ring ex-vivo experimental model. The vasorelaxant efficacy and mechanism of action were determined. Also, phytochemical data was obtained through 13C NMR-based dereplication. The MESh extract showed the highest efficacy (Emax = 87%), and its effect was partially endothelium-dependent. The mechanism of action was determined experimentally, and the vasorelaxant curves were modified in the presence of L-NAME, ODQ, and potassium channel blockers. MESh caused a relaxing effect on KCl 80 mM-induced contraction and was less potent than nifedipine. The CaCl2-induced contraction was significantly decreased compared with the control curve. Phytochemical analysis of MESh suggests the presence of mannitol, previously reported as a vasodilator on aortic rings. Our findings suggest NO-cGMP pathway participation as a vasodilator mechanism of action of S. hispanica seeds; this effect can be attributed, in part, to the mannitol presence. S. hispanica could be used in future research focused on antihypertensive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Herbert-Doctor
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Yucatan, Mexico; (L.A.H.-D.); (A.S.-R.)
| | - Amanda Sánchez-Recillas
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Yucatan, Mexico; (L.A.H.-D.); (A.S.-R.)
| | - Rolffy Ortiz-Andrade
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Yucatan, Mexico; (L.A.H.-D.); (A.S.-R.)
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - Jesús Alfredo Araujo-León
- Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigación Cinetífica de Yucatán, A.C., Mérida 97205, Yucatan, Mexico;
| | - Tania Isolina Coral-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Yucatan, Mexico;
| | - Nubia Noemi Cob-Calan
- Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Calkiní en el Estado de Campeche, Calkiní 24900, Campeche, Mexico;
| | | | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico;
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Covarrubias C, Cammisotto PG, Shamout S, Campeau L. Decrease in the Ratio proBDNF/BDNF in the Urine of Aging Female Patients with OAB. Metabolites 2023; 13:723. [PMID: 37367881 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Imbalance in the levels of neurotrophins, growth factors crucial in the development, function, and survival of neurons is commonly observed in many pathological states. Concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its precursor (proBDNF) were measured in the urine of a cohort of aging female patients with overactive bladder disease (OAB). When reported to creatinine, levels were similar between OAB patients and healthy controls. However, the ratio proBDNF/BDNF was significantly decreased in the OAB group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the ratio proBDNF/BDNF displayed a good diagnostic value for OAB (AUC = 0.729). Clinical questionnaires of symptom severity (OABSS and IIQ-7) were negatively correlated with this ratio. On the other hand, microRNAs (miRNA) involved in proBDNF gene translation were expressed at comparable levels between groups. However, urinary enzymatic activity of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), the enzyme that cleaves proBDNF into BDNF, was increased in OAB compared to controls. Levels of miR-491-5p, the main miRNA that downregulates MMP-9 synthesis, were greatly decreased in urine from OAB patients. These results suggest that the ratio proBDNF/BDNF could be useful in the phenotyping of OAB in an aging population, and the difference could originate from enhanced MMP-9 enzymatic activity rather than translational control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samer Shamout
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Lysanne Campeau
- Lady Davis Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
- Urology Department, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
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11
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Karthikeyan R, Davies WI, Gunhaga L. Non-image-forming functional roles of OPN3, OPN4 and OPN5 photopigments. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2023.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
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12
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Yao H, Fu X, Xu Q, Li T, Li Y, Kang Y, Wu Q. The macrophages regulate intestinal motility dysfunction through the PGE2 Ptger3 axis during Klebsiella pneumonia sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147674. [PMID: 37063880 PMCID: PMC10090685 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionGut motility dysfunction, the most common complication of post-septic organ dysfunction, depends on immune and neuronal cells. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms that activate these cells and the contribution of macrophages to the recovery of intestinal motility dysfunction after sepsis.Materials and methodsPostoperative gut motility dysfunction was induced by establishing Klebsiella pneumonia sepsis in mice with selective deletion of neutrophils and macrophages in the gut. The distribution of orally administered fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran and carmine excretion time was used to determine the severity of small bowel disease. The effect of macrophages on intestinal motility was evaluated after prostaglandin E2 therapy.ResultsWe found that muscular neutrophil infiltration leading to neuronal loss in the intestine muscle triggered intestinal motility dysfunction after pneumonia sepsis; however, reduced neutrophil infiltration did not improve intestinal motility dysfunction. Moreover, macrophage depletion aggravated gut motility dysfunction. The addition of macrophages directly to a smooth muscle was responsible for the recovery of intestinal motility.ConclusionOur results suggest that a direct interaction between macrophages and smooth muscle is neurologically independent of the restoration of intestinal dysmotility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Kang
- *Correspondence: Yan Kang, ; Qin Wu,
| | - Qin Wu
- *Correspondence: Yan Kang, ; Qin Wu,
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13
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Dwivedi R, Drumm BT, Griffin CS, Dudem S, Bradley E, Alkawadri T, Martin SL, Sergeant GP, Hollywood MA, Thornbury KD. Excitatory cholinergic responses in mouse primary bronchial smooth muscle require both Ca 2+ entry via l-type Ca 2+ channels and store operated Ca 2+ entry via Orai channels. Cell Calcium 2023; 112:102721. [PMID: 37023533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Malfunctions in airway smooth muscle Ca2+-signalling leads to airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ca2+-release from intracellular stores is important in mediating agonist-induced contractions, but the role of influx via l-type Ca2+ channels is controversial. We re-examined roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store, refilling of this store via store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and l-type Ca2+ channel pathways on carbachol (CCh, 0.1-10 µM)-induced contractions of mouse bronchial rings and intracellular Ca2+ signals of mouse bronchial myocytes. In tension experiments, the ryanodine receptor (RyR) blocker dantrolene (100 µM) reduced CCh-responses at all concentrations, with greater effects on sustained rather than initial components of contraction. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB, 100 μM), in the presence of dantrolene, abolished CCh-responses, suggesting the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store is essential for contraction. The SOCE blocker GSK-7975A (10 µM) reduced CCh-contractions, with greater effects at higher (e.g. 3 and 10 µM) CCh concentrations. Nifedipine (1 µM), abolished remaining contractions in GSK-7975A (10 µM). A similar pattern was observed on intracellular Ca2+-responses to 0.3 µM CCh, where GSK-7975A (10 µM) substantially reduced Ca2+ transients induced by CCh, and nifedipine (1 µM) abolished remaining responses. When nifedipine (1 µM) was applied alone it had less effect, reducing tension responses at all CCh concentrations by 25% - 50%, with greater effects at lower (e.g. 0.1 and 0.3 µM) CCh concentrations. When nifedipine (1 µM) was examined on the intracellular Ca2+-response to 0.3 µM CCh, it only modestly reduced Ca2+ signals, while GSK-7975A (10 µM) abolished remaining responses. In conclusion, Ca2+-influx from both SOCE and l-type Ca2+ channels contribute to excitatory cholinergic responses in mouse bronchi. The contribution of l-type Ca2+ channels was especially pronounced at lower doses of CCh, or when SOCE was blocked. This suggests l-type Ca2+ channels might be a potential target for bronchoconstriction under certain circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dwivedi
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - B T Drumm
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - C S Griffin
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - S Dudem
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - E Bradley
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - T Alkawadri
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - S L Martin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - G P Sergeant
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - M A Hollywood
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland
| | - K D Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland.
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14
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Wang H, Swore J, Sharma S, Szymanski JR, Yuste R, Daniel TL, Regnier M, Bosma MM, Fairhall AL. A complete biomechanical model of Hydra contractile behaviors, from neural drive to muscle to movement. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2210439120. [PMID: 36897982 PMCID: PMC10089167 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2210439120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
How does neural activity drive muscles to produce behavior? The recent development of genetic lines in Hydra that allow complete calcium imaging of both neuronal and muscle activity, as well as systematic machine learning quantification of behaviors, makes this small cnidarian an ideal model system to understand and model the complete transformation from neural firing to body movements. To achieve this, we have built a neuromechanical model of Hydra's fluid-filled hydrostatic skeleton, showing how drive by neuronal activity activates distinct patterns of muscle activity and body column biomechanics. Our model is based on experimental measurements of neuronal and muscle activity and assumes gap junctional coupling among muscle cells and calcium-dependent force generation by muscles. With these assumptions, we can robustly reproduce a basic set of Hydra's behaviors. We can further explain puzzling experimental observations, including the dual timescale kinetics observed in muscle activation and the engagement of ectodermal and endodermal muscles in different behaviors. This work delineates the spatiotemporal control space of Hydra movement and can serve as a template for future efforts to systematically decipher the transformations in the neural basis of behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengji Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Computational Neuroscience Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Joshua Swore
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Shashank Sharma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - John R. Szymanski
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA02543
| | - Rafael Yuste
- NeuroTechnology Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY10027
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA02543
| | - Thomas L. Daniel
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Michael Regnier
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Martha M. Bosma
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
| | - Adrienne L. Fairhall
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Computational Neuroscience Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA98195
- Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA02543
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15
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Morishita R, Sowa K, Kitazumi Y, Shirai O. Directional propagation of action potential within a single cell and intercellular conduction within a cell aggregate using model cell systems. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:945-955. [PMID: 36840856 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of directional propagation of action potential throughout a single cell was examined using a liquid-membrane model cell system. In the experiments on the liquid-membrane model cell system, liquid-membrane cells were constructed to mimic the function of K+ and voltage-gated Na+ channels, which play important roles in action potential propagation. These channel-mimicking cells were connected electrically, and a model cell system was composed of four parts within the one cell. When one voltage-gated Na+ channel-mimicking cell was connected to form the action potential and generated the inflow current at the one part, action potential occurred in the surrounding area due to the local circulating current and propagated to the other parts. The action potential propagation throughout the cell by a brief electrical stimulus (10 ms) was easier than that by a long electrical stimulus (2 s). The long electric stimulus thus caused hyperpolarized region within the cell. Moreover, the increase in resistance corresponding to the extracellular fluid weakened the action potential propagation. In the simulation experiments using the software LTspice, the characteristics of K+ and Na+ channel-mimicking cells were reproduced in the electrical circuit also. A model cell aggregate consisting of closely packed three model cells and the extracellular fluid was constructed in the electric circuit. When one cell fired, the electrical signal propagated to the neighboring cells through the intercellular and extracellular fluids. This result suggests that electrical propagation can occur between independent cells in closely packed tissues without chemical transmission or direct propagation across the gap junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Morishita
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-Cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keisei Sowa
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-Cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitazumi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-Cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Osamu Shirai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-Cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
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16
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Talmon M, Pollastro F, Fresu LG. The Complex Journey of the Calcium Regulation Downstream of TAS2R Activation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223638. [PMID: 36429066 PMCID: PMC9688576 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste receptors (TAS2Rs) have recently arisen as a potential drug target for asthma due to their localization in airway cells. These receptors are expressed in all cell types of the respiratory system comprising epithelial, smooth muscle and immune cells; however, the expression pattern of the subtypes is different in each cell type and, accordingly, so is their role, for example, anti-inflammatory or bronchodilator. The most challenging aspect in studying TAS2Rs has been the identification of the downstream signaling cascades. Indeed, TAS2R activation leads to canonical IP3-dependent calcium release from the ER, but, alongside, there are other mechanisms that differ according to the histological localization. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the cytosolic calcium modulation downstream of TAS2R activation in the epithelial, smooth muscle and immune cells of the airway system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Talmon
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (L.G.F.); Tel.: +39-0321-660589 (M.T.); +39-0321-660687 (L.G.F.)
| | - Federica Pollastro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Largo Donegani 2/3, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Luigia Grazia Fresu
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (L.G.F.); Tel.: +39-0321-660589 (M.T.); +39-0321-660687 (L.G.F.)
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17
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Chen H, Wu A, Zeidel ML, Yu W. Smooth Muscle Insulin Receptor Deletion Causes Voiding Dysfunction: A Mechanism for Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction. Diabetes 2022; 71:2197-2208. [PMID: 35876633 PMCID: PMC9501730 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic bladder dysfunction (DBD) is the most common complication in diabetes. Myogenic abnormalities are common in DBD; however, the underlying mechanisms leading to these remain unclear. To understand the importance of smooth muscle insulin receptor (IR)-mediated signaling in the pathogenesis of DBD, we conditionally deleted it to achieve either heterozygous (SMIR+/-) or homozygous (SMIR-/-) deletion in smooth muscle cells. Despite impaired glucose and insulin tolerance seen with SMIR-/- mice, both SMIR+/- and SMIR-/- mice exhibited normal blood glucose and plasma insulin levels. Interestingly, these mice had abnormal voiding phenotypes, that included urinary frequency and small voids, and bladder smooth muscle (BSM) had significantly diminished contraction force. Morphology revealed a dilated bladder with thinner BSM layer, and BSM bundles were disorganized with penetrating interstitial tissue. Deletion of IR elevated FoxO and decreased mTOR protein expression, which further decreased the expression of Chrm3, P2x1, Sm22, and Cav1.2, crucial functional proteins for BSM contraction. Furthermore, we determined the expression of adiponectin in BSM, and deletion of IR in BSM inhibited adiponectin-mediated signaling. In summary, disruption of IR-mediated signaling in BSM caused abnormalities in proliferation and differentiation, leading to diminished BSM contractility and a voiding dysfunction phenotype that recapitulates human DBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Weiqun Yu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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18
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Evaluation of the electrolyte status in hyperprolific sows on the farrowing process under different housing conditions. Theriogenology 2022; 193:37-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Chiang Y, Chen H, Lai Y, Ali M, Chen Y, Hsia S. Consumption of Artificial Sweetener Acesulfame Potassium Increases Preterm Risk and Uterine Contraction with Calcium Influx increased via Myosin Light Chain kinase ‐ myosin Light Chain 20 related Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2200298. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi‐Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
| | - Hsin‐Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
| | - Yu‐Han Lai
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Clinical Pharmacy Department Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Yang‐Ching Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
| | - Shih‐Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety Taipei Medical University Taipei 11031 Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei 11031 Taiwan
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20
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de Souza ILL, Ferreira EDS, Vasconcelos LHC, Cavalcante FDA, da Silva BA. Erectile Dysfunction: Key Role of Cavernous Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895044. [PMID: 35865945 PMCID: PMC9294450 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction is increasingly affecting men, from the elderly to young adults, being a sexual disorder related to the inability to generate or maintain a penile erection. This disorder is related to psychosocial factors such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem, to organic factors such as the presence of preexisting conditions like hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. The pathophysiology of the disease is related to changes in the neurotransmission of the autonomic or the non-cholinergic non-adrenergic nervous system, as well as the release of local mediators, such as thromboxane A2 and endothelin, and hormonal action. These changes lead to impaired relaxation of cavernous smooth muscle, which reduces local blood flow and impairs penile erection. Currently, therapy is based on oral vasodilation, such as sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil and iodenafil, or by direct administration of these agents into the corpus cavernosum or by intraurethral route, such as alprostadil and papaverine. Despite this, studies that consolidate the understanding of its pathophysiological process contribute to the discovery of new more efficient drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. In this sense, in the present work an extensive survey was carried out of the mechanisms already consolidated and the most recent ones related to the development of erectile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara Leão Luna de Souza
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Estadual de Roraima, Boa Vista, Brazil
| | - Elba dos Santos Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique César Vasconcelos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Fabiana de Andrade Cavalcante
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Fabiana de Andrade Cavalcante,
| | - Bagnólia Araújo da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Produtos Naturais e Sintéticos Bioativos, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Hiroshige T, Uemura KI, Hirashima S, Togo A, Ohta K, Nakamura KI, Igawa T. Three-dimensional analysis of interstitial cells in the lamina propria of the murine vas deferens by confocal laser scanning microscopy and FIB/SEM. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9484. [PMID: 35676513 PMCID: PMC9177838 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the three-dimensional (3D) ultrastructure of interstitial cells (ICs) within the lamina propria of the murine vas deferens and the spatial relationships between epithelial cells and surrounding cells. Focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed. ICs within the lamina propria had a flat, sheet-like structure of cytoplasm with multiple cellular processes. In addition, two types of 3D structures that comprised cell processes of flat, sheet-like ICs were observed: one was an accordion fold-like structure and the other was a rod-shaped structure. ICs were located parallel to the epithelium and were connected to each other via gap junctions or adherens junctions. Moreover, multiple sphere-shaped extracellular vesicle-like structures were frequently observed around the ICs. The ICs formed a complex 3D network comprising sheet-like cytoplasm and multiple cell processes with different 3D structures. From this morphological study, we noted that ICs within the lamina propria of murine vas deferens may be involved in signal transmission between the epithelium and smooth muscle cells by physical interaction and by exchanging extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Hiroshige
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Kei-Ichiro Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shingo Hirashima
- Division Microscopic and Development Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akinobu Togo
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ohta
- Division Microscopic and Development Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.,Advanced Imaging Research Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Nakamura
- Cognitive and Molecular Research Institute of Brain Diseases, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Igawa
- Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan
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22
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Physiological Overview of the Potential Link between the UPS and Ca2+ Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050997. [PMID: 35624861 PMCID: PMC9137615 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the main proteolytic pathway by which damaged target proteins are degraded after ubiquitination and the recruit of ubiquitinated proteins, thus regulating diverse physiological functions and the maintenance in various tissues and cells. Ca2+ signaling is raised by oxidative or ER stress. Although the basic function of the UPS has been extensively elucidated and has been continued to define its mechanism, the precise relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling remains unclear. In the present review, we describe the relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling, including Ca2+-associated proteins, to understand the end point of oxidative stress. The UPS modulates Ca2+ signaling via the degradation of Ca2+-related proteins, including Ca2+ channels and transporters. Conversely, the modulation of UPS is driven by increases in the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The multifaceted relationship between the UPS and Ca2+ plays critical roles in different tissue systems. Thus, we highlight the potential crosstalk between the UPS and Ca2+ signaling by providing an overview of the UPS in different organ systems and illuminating the relationship between the UPS and autophagy.
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23
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Lee Y, Zawieja SD, Muthuchamy M. Lymphatic Collecting Vessel: New Perspectives on Mechanisms of Contractile Regulation and Potential Lymphatic Contractile Pathways to Target in Obesity and Metabolic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:848088. [PMID: 35355722 PMCID: PMC8959455 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.848088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic syndrome pose a significant risk for developing cardiovascular disease and remain a critical healthcare challenge. Given the lymphatic system's role as a nexus for lipid absorption, immune cell trafficking, interstitial fluid and macromolecule homeostasis maintenance, the impact of obesity and metabolic disease on lymphatic function is a burgeoning field in lymphatic research. Work over the past decade has progressed from the association of an obese phenotype with Prox1 haploinsufficiency and the identification of obesity as a risk factor for lymphedema to consistent findings of lymphatic collecting vessel dysfunction across multiple metabolic disease models and organisms and characterization of obesity-induced lymphedema in the morbidly obese. Critically, recent findings have suggested that restoration of lymphatic function can also ameliorate obesity and insulin resistance, positing lymphatic targeted therapies as relevant pharmacological interventions. There remain, however, significant gaps in our understanding of lymphatic collecting vessel function, particularly the mechanisms that regulate the spontaneous contractile activity required for active lymph propulsion and lymph return in humans. In this article, we will review the current findings on lymphatic architecture and collecting vessel function, including recent advances in the ionic basis of lymphatic muscle contractile activity. We will then discuss lymphatic dysfunction observed with metabolic disruption and potential pathways to target with pharmacological approaches to improve lymphatic collecting vessel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Scott D Zawieja
- Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Mariappan Muthuchamy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, United States
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24
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Dantas DDM, Silva ADA, Pereira-de-Morais L, Bastos CMDS, Calixto GL, Kerntopf MR, Menezes IRAD, Weinreich D, Barbosa R. Characterization of the vasodilator effect of eugenol in isolated human umbilical cord arteries. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 359:109890. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Riccardi D, Ward JPT, Yarova PL, Janssen LJ, Lee TH, Ying S, Corrigan CJ. Topical therapy with negative allosteric modulators of the calcium-sensing receptor (calcilytics) for the management of asthma: the beginning of a new era? Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02103-2021. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02103-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this review article we present the evidence to date supporting the role of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) as a key, pluripotential molecular trigger for asthma and speculate on the likely benefits of topical therapy of asthma with negative allosteric modulators of the CaSR: calcilytics.
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Yu W. Reviving Cav1.2 as an attractive drug target to treat bladder dysfunction. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22118. [PMID: 34939692 PMCID: PMC9841550 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101475r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of bladder contraction with antimuscarinics is a common approach to treat bladder hyperactivity, and the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel α1C (Cav1.2) is crucial for bladder contractility. Therefore, strategies aimed at inhibiting Cav1.2 appear warranted. However, multiple clinical trials that attempted to treat bladder overactivity with calcium channel blockers (CCBs) have been unsuccessful, creating an unsolved mystery. In contrast, cardiologists and epidemiologists have reported strong associations between CCB use and bladder hyperactivity, opposing expectations of urologists. Recent findings from our lab offer a potential explanation. We have demonstrated that ketamine which can cause cystitis, functions, like nifedipine, as a Cav1.2 antagonist. We also show that a Cav1.2 agonist which potentiates muscle contraction, rather than antagonizing it, can increase the volume of voids and reduce voiding frequency. This perspective will discuss in detail the unsuccessful urological trials of CCBs and the promise of Cav1.2 agonists as potential novel therapies for bladder dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqun Yu
- Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School Boston Massachuesetts USA
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27
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Jain PP, Lai N, Xiong M, Chen J, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Parmisano S, Zhao M, Paquin C, Matti M, Powers R, Balistrieri A, Kim NH, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. TRPC6, a therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L1161-L1182. [PMID: 34704831 PMCID: PMC8715021 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00159.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal and progressive disease. Sustained vasoconstriction due to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) contraction and concentric arterial remodeling due partially to PASMC proliferation are the major causes for increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) including PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia. We and others observed upregulation of TRPC6 channels in PASMCs from patients with PAH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in PASMC triggers PASMC contraction and vasoconstriction, while Ca2+-dependent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade for cell proliferation and gene expression. Despite evidence supporting a pathological role of TRPC6, no selective and orally bioavailable TRPC6 antagonist has yet been developed and tested for treatment of PAH or PH. In this study, we sought to investigate whether block of receptor-operated Ca2+ channels using a nonselective blocker of cation channels, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB, administered intraperitoneally) and a selective blocker of TRPC6, BI-749327 (administered orally) can reverse established PH in mice. The results from the study show that intrapulmonary application of 2-APB (40 µM) or BI-749327 (3-10 µM) significantly and reversibly inhibited acute alveolar hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Intraperitoneal injection of 2-APB (1 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated the development of PH and partially reversed established PH in mice. Oral gavage of BI-749327 (30 mg/kg, every day, for 2 wk) reversed established PH by ∼50% via regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Furthermore, 2-APB and BI-749327 both significantly inhibited PDGF- and serum-mediated phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in PASMC. In summary, the receptor-operated and mechanosensitive TRPC6 channel is a good target for developing novel treatment for PAH/PH. BI-749327, a selective TRPC6 blocker, is potentially a novel and effective drug for treating PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Boron Compounds/pharmacology
- Calcium Signaling
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/antagonists & inhibitors
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/genetics
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nick H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Monjotin N, Tenca G. Lymphotonic activity of Ruscus extract, hesperidin methyl chalcone and vitamin C in human lymphatic smooth muscle cells. Microvasc Res 2021; 139:104274. [PMID: 34717967 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Besides actions including their venotonic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant effects, venoactive drugs are expected to act on edema via their action on lymphatics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combination of Ruscus, hesperidin methyl chalcone and Vitamin C (Ruscus/HMC/Vit C) on intracellular calcium mobilization and contraction of human lymphatic smooth muscle cells (LSMCs) to better characterize the mechanism of its lymphotonic activity. METHODS Calcium mobilization was evidenced by videomicroscopy analysis of the fluorescence emitted by a specific Ca2+ sensitive dye and measured after injection of Ruscus/HMC/Vit C at 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/mL into LSMCs. RESULTS Ruscus/HMC/Vit C induced a strong and reproducible concentration-dependent calcium mobilization in LSMCs. On the contrary, another venoactive drug used as comparator, micronized purified flavonoid fraction (MPFF), did not induce calcium mobilization whatever the tested concentration. CONCLUSION Although alternative mechanisms of action may result in potential lymphotonic effects, the efficacy of lymphotonic products is nonetheless related to their stimulating effect on the contractile activity of the smooth muscle cells surrounding lymphatic vessels. In the light of the results obtained in this study, the direct effect of Ruscus/HMC/Vit C on LSMC contraction may partially explain its clinical efficacy on lymphotonic activity, as has been observed in terms of objective signs of edema as reported in the recent guidelines on chronic venous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Monjotin
- Institut de recherche Pierre Fabre, 17 Avenue Jean Moulin, 81106 Castres cedex, France.
| | - Guillaume Tenca
- Bioalternatives, 1 bis rue des plantes, 86160 Gençay, France
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29
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Zhang YL, Zhang RG, Chen FY, Qiu ZE, Chen L, Huang ZX, Huang J, Zhu YX, Zhao L, Zhou WL. Cellular Mechanism Underlying the Facilitation of Contractile Response Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Mouse Tracheal Smooth Muscle. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 192:104-111. [PMID: 34756873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) augments intracellular Ca2+ signaling and contractile responses of airway smooth muscles, leading to airway hyperresponsiveness. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the cellular mechanism of the potentiated contraction of mouse tracheal smooth muscle induced by TNF-α. The results showed that TNF-α triggered facilitation of mouse tracheal smooth muscle contraction in an epithelium-independent manner. The TNF-α-induced hypercontractility could be suppressed by the protein kinase C inhibitor GF109203X, the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, the Src inhibitor PP2, or the L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel blocker nifedipine. After TNF-α incubation, the α1C L-type Ca2+ channel (CaV1.2) was up-regulated in primary cultured mouse tracheal smooth muscle cells. Pronounced phosphotyrosine levels also were observed in mouse tracheas. In conclusion, this study showed that TNF-α enhanced airway smooth muscle contraction via protein kinase C-Src-CaV1.2 pathways, which provides novel insights into the pathologic role of proinflammatory cytokines in mediating airway hyperresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui-Gang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Physiology, Basic Medical School, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Feng-Ying Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pathology, The Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of HuaDu District (Huzhong Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Er Qiu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xin Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Xin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wen-Liang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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30
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Abstract
The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling, and survival. Disruption of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) cycling is implicated in numerous acquired diseases such as heart failure, stroke, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer, and is genetically linked to several inherited neuromuscular disorders. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for mCa2+ exchange therefore holds great promise for the treatment of these diseases. The past decade has seen the genetic identification of many of the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial calcium uptake and efflux. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenon of mCa2+ transport, and a comprehensive examination of the molecular machinery that mediates calcium flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane: the mitochondrial uniporter complex (consisting of MCU, EMRE, MICU1, MICU2, MICU3, MCUB, and MCUR1), NCLX, LETM1, the mitochondrial ryanodine receptor, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then consider the physiological implications of mCa2+ flux and evaluate how alterations in mCa2+ homeostasis contribute to human disease. This review concludes by highlighting opportunities and challenges for therapeutic intervention in pathologies characterized by aberrant mCa2+ handling and by summarizing critical unanswered questions regarding the biology of mCa2+ flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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31
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El Menyiy N, Guaouguaou FE, El Baaboua A, El Omari N, Taha D, Salhi N, Shariati MA, Aanniz T, Benali T, Zengin G, El-Shazly M, Chamkhi I, Bouyahya A. Phytochemical properties, biological activities and medicinal use of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 276:114171. [PMID: 33940085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Centaurium erythraea is an important medicinal plant in many countries, e.g. Morocco, Algeria, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and countries of Balkan Peninsula. It is used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. It is also used as an antiapoplectic, anticoagulant, anticholagogue, antipneumonic, hematocathartic, and as a hypotensive agent. AIM OF THE REVIEW In this review, previous reports on the taxonomy, botanical description, geographic distribution, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and toxicity of Centaurium erythraea were critically summarized. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scientific search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, and Google Scholar were consulted to collect data on C. erythraea. The data presented in this work summarized the main reports on C. erythraea phytochemical compounds, ethnomedicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. RESULTS C. erythraea is used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases such as diabetes, fever, rhinitis, stomach ailments, urinary tract infections, dyspeptic complaints, loss of appetite, and hemorrhoids, and as diuretic. The essential oils and extracts of C. erythraea exhibited numerous biological properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, antileishmanial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, diuretic, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, dermatoprotective, neuroprotective, and inhibitory agent for larval development. Phytochemical characterization of C. erythraea revealed the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites such as xanthonoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS Ethnomedicinal studies demonstrated the use of C. erythraea for the treatment of various disorders. Pharmacological reports showed that C. erythraea especially its aerial parts and roots exhibited potent, and beneficial activities. These findings confirmed the link between the traditional medicinal use and the results of the scientific biological experiments. Considering these results, further investigation using diverse in vivo pharmacological assays are strongly recommended to validate the results of its traditional use. Toxicological tests and pharmacokinetic studies are also required to validate the safety and efficacy of C. erythraea and its bioactive contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Fatima-Ezzahrae Guaouguaou
- Mohammed V University in Rabat, LPCMIO, Materials Science Center (MSC), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco.
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Douae Taha
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie, Modélisation Moléculaire, Matériaux, Nanomatériaux, Eau et Environnement, CERNE2D, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Najoua Salhi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- Departement of Technology of Food Production, K.G. Razumoysky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 109004, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Tarik Aanniz
- Environment and Health Team, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Safi, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
| | - Taoufiq Benali
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory (MedBiotech), Rabat Medical & Pharmacy School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 6203, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Imane Chamkhi
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir, Morocco; Centre GEOPAC, Laboratoire de Geobiodiversite et Patrimoine Naturel Université Mohammed V de, Institut Scientifique Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, And Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Metabolomics in asthma: A platform for discovery. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:100990. [PMID: 34281719 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.100990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodeling, is a chronic airway disease with complex etiology. Severe asthma is characterized by frequent exacerbations and poor therapeutic response to conventional asthma therapy. A clear understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of asthma is critical for the discovery of novel targets for optimal therapeutic control of asthma. Metabolomics is emerging as a powerful tool to elucidate novel disease mechanisms in a variety of diseases. In this review, we summarize the current status of knowledge in asthma metabolomics at systemic and cellular levels. The findings demonstrate that various metabolic pathways, related to energy metabolism, macromolecular biosynthesis and redox signaling, are differentially modulated in asthma. Airway smooth muscle cell plays pivotal roles in asthma by contributing to airway hyperreactivity, inflammatory mediator release and remodeling. We posit that metabolomic profiling of airway structural cells, including airway smooth muscle cells, will shed light on molecular mechanisms of asthma and airway hyperresponsiveness and help identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Identification of PDGFRα-positive interstitial cells in the distal segment of the murine vas deferens. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7553. [PMID: 33824385 PMCID: PMC8024294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRα)-positive interstitial cells (ICs) are widely distributed in various organs and may be involved in the motility of various tubular organs. We, for the first time, aimed to investigate the distribution, immunohistochemical characteristics, and ultrastructure of PDGFRα-positive ICs in murine vas deferens, using confocal laser scanning microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immuno-electron microscopy (immuno-EM). For immunofluorescence, we used antibodies against PDGFRα and other markers of ICs. PDGFRα-positive ICs were distributed widely in the lamina propria, smooth muscles, and serosal layers. Although most PDGFRα-positive ICs labeled CD34, they did not label CD34 in the subepithelial layers. Additionally, PDGFRα-positive ICs were in close proximity to each other, as also to the surrounding cells. TEM and immuno-EM findings revealed that PDGFRα-positive ICs established close physical interactions with adjacent ICs. Extracellular vesicles were also detected around the PDGFRα-positive ICs. Our morphological findings suggest that PDGFRα-positive ICs may have several subpopulations, which can play an important role in intercellular signaling via direct contact with the IC network and the extracellular vesicles in the murine vas deferens. Further investigation on PDGFRα-positive ICs in the vas deferens may lead to understanding the vas deferens mortility.
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Okonski R, Zheng YM, Di Mise A, Wang YX. Reciprocal Correlations of Inflammatory and Calcium Signaling in Asthma Pathogenesis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1303:319-331. [PMID: 33788200 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63046-1_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, which can be caused by exposure to an allergen, spasmogen, or be induced by exercise. Despite its prevalence, the exact mechanisms by which the airway becomes hyperresponsive in asthma are not fully understood. There is evidence that myosin light-chain kinase is overexpressed, with a concomitant downregulation of myosin light-chain phosphatase in the airway smooth muscle, leading to sustained contraction. Additionally, the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum ATPase may be affected by inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and TNF-α, which are all associated with asthmatic airway inflammation. IL-13 and TNF-α seem to promote sodium/calcium exchanger 1 overexpression as well. Anyhow, the exact mechanisms beyond these dysregulations need to be clarified. Of note, multiple studies show an association between asthma and the ORMLD3 gene, opening new perspectives to future potential gene therapies. Currently, several treatments are available for asthma, although many of them have systemic side effects, or are not effective in patients with severe asthma. Furthering our knowledge on the molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of asthma plays a pivotal role for the development of new and more targeted treatments for patients who cannot totally benefit from the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Okonski
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Annarita Di Mise
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA. .,Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies e Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, USA.
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Xie X, Chen H, Zhang L, Chan D, Hill WG, Zeidel ML, Yu W. Molecular mechanisms of voiding dysfunction in a novel mouse model of acute urinary retention. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21447. [PMID: 33742688 PMCID: PMC9844132 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002415r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a common urological emergency and affects a significant patient population. The inability to eliminate urine may lead to permanent damage to the bladder's structure and functioning. However, we know little about the underlying molecular sequelae to the urine retention. To closely mirror the potential high pressures that patients with AUR could experience, we catheterized anesthetized female mice via the urethra and filled the bladder by pumping saline (25 µL/min) into the bladder lumen to 50 cm or 80 cm water pressure. A water column with designated height (50 or 80 cm) was then adjusted to maintain constant pressure in the bladder lumen for 30 minutes. Functional and morphological evaluations were performed from 0 to 24 hours after AUR treatment. Mice exhibited incontinence and overactivity with diminished voiding pressure. Significant injury was confirmed which revealed bladders with disrupted urothelial barrier, edematous lamina propria, and distorted muscle bundles. Bladder smooth muscle (BSM) from pressure-treated mice have significantly diminished contraction force, suggesting that bladder voiding dysfunction can be attributed to impaired BSM contractility. Indeed, dysregulation of acetylcholine and purinergic signaling pathways were demonstrated, indicating that reduced efficacy of these pathways contributes to impaired BSM contractility. Finally, altered expression of β1-integrin and extracellular matrix mediated mechanotransduction pathways were detected, suggesting a profound remodeling process. These data demonstrated an easy to perform, quantifiable, and reproducible AUR mouse model, which mimics well the characteristics of human AUR patients, and our data generate new insights into the molecular mechanisms that occur following AUR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xie
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Chan
- Brown University/Harvard Summer Research Program in Kidney Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Warren G. Hill
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark L. Zeidel
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weiqun Yu
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Yasuda K, Yoshida A, Okada H. Conflicting Nongenomic Effects of Progesterone in the Myometrium of Pregnant Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2154. [PMID: 33671517 PMCID: PMC7926872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, it has been suggested that progesterone affects the contractile activity of pregnant myometrium via nongenomic pathways; therefore, we aimed to clarify whether progesterone causes and/or inhibits pregnant myometrial contractions via nongenomic pathways. Our in vitro experiments using myometrial strips obtained from rats at 20 days of gestation revealed that progesterone caused myometrial contractions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at concentrations up to 5 × 10-7 M; however, this effect decreased at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-5 M. Similarly, progesterone enhanced oxytocin-induced contractions up to 5 × 10-7 M and inhibited contractions at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-5 M. Conversely, progesterone did not enhance high-KCl-induced contractions but inhibited contractions in a concentration- and time-dependent manner at concentrations higher than 5 × 10-7 M. We also found that RU486 did not affect progesterone-induced contractions or the progesterone-induced inhibition of high-KCl-induced contractions; however, progesterone-induced contractions were blocked by calcium-free phosphate saline solution, verapamil, and nifedipine. In addition, FPL64176, an activator of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels, enhanced high-KCl-induced contractions and rescued the decrease in high-KCl-induced contractions caused by progesterone. Together, these results suggest that progesterone exerts conflicting nongenomic effects on the contractions of pregnant myometrium via putative L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1010, Japan; (A.Y.); (H.O.)
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Xing W, Ya-ping L, Jian-zhong C, Jian-wen Y, Hai-jiao C, Cheng-cheng Z, Yan P. Effect of electroacupuncture on calcium-activated chloride channel currents in interstitial cells of Cajal in rats with diabetic gastroparesis. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-021-1222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Fleck D, Kenzler L, Mundt N, Strauch M, Uesaka N, Moosmann R, Bruentgens F, Missel A, Mayerhofer A, Merhof D, Spehr J, Spehr M. ATP activation of peritubular cells drives testicular sperm transport. eLife 2021; 10:e62885. [PMID: 33502316 PMCID: PMC7840184 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis, the complex process of male germ cell proliferation, differentiation, and maturation, is the basis of male fertility. In the seminiferous tubules of the testes, spermatozoa are constantly generated from spermatogonial stem cells through a stereotyped sequence of mitotic and meiotic divisions. The basic physiological principles, however, that control both maturation and luminal transport of the still immotile spermatozoa within the seminiferous tubules remain poorly, if at all, defined. Here, we show that coordinated contractions of smooth muscle-like testicular peritubular cells provide the propulsive force for luminal sperm transport toward the rete testis. Using a mouse model for in vivo imaging, we describe and quantify spontaneous tubular contractions and show a causal relationship between peritubular Ca2+ waves and peristaltic transport. Moreover, we identify P2 receptor-dependent purinergic signaling pathways as physiological triggers of tubular contractions both in vitro and in vivo. When challenged with extracellular ATP, transport of luminal content inside the seminiferous tubules displays stage-dependent directionality. We thus suggest that paracrine purinergic signaling coordinates peristaltic recurrent contractions of the mouse seminiferous tubules to propel immotile spermatozoa to the rete testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fleck
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Lina Kenzler
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Nadine Mundt
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses – MultiScales, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Martin Strauch
- Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Naofumi Uesaka
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
- Department of Cognitive Neurobiology, Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Robert Moosmann
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Felicitas Bruentgens
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Annika Missel
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany
| | - Artur Mayerhofer
- Biomedical Center Munich (BMC), Cell Biology, Anatomy III, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenPlanegg-MartinsriedGermany
| | - Dorit Merhof
- Institute of Imaging and Computer Vision, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Jennifer Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
| | - Marc Spehr
- Department of Chemosensation, Institute for Biology II, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
- Research Training Group 2416 MultiSenses – MultiScales, RWTH Aachen UniversityAachenGermany
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Liu G, Fu D, Tian H, Dai A. The mechanism of ions in pulmonary hypertension. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:2045894020987948. [PMID: 33614016 PMCID: PMC7869166 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020987948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension(PH)is a kind of hemodynamic and pathophysiological state, in which the pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) rises above a certain threshold. The main pathological manifestation is pulmonary vasoconstriction and remodelling progressively. More and more studies have found that ions play a major role in the pathogenesis of PH. Many vasoactive substances, inflammatory mediators, transcription-inducing factors, apoptosis mediators, redox substances and translation modifiers can control the concentration of ions inside and outside the cell by regulating the activity of ion channels, which can regulate vascular contraction, cell proliferation, migration, apoptosis, inflammation and other functions. We all know that there are no effective drugs to treat PH. Ions are involved in the occurrence and development of PH, so it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of ions in PH as a therapeutic target for PH. The main ions involved in PH are calcium ion (Ca2+), potassium ion (K+), sodium ion (Na+) and chloride ion (Cl-). Here, we mainly discuss the distribution of these ions and their channels in pulmonary arteries and their role in the pathogenesis of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guogu Liu
- Department of Graduate School, University of South China,
Hengyang, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Daiyan Fu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Heshen Tian
- Department of Graduate School, University of South China,
Hengyang, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People’s
Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Aiguo Dai
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Hunan University of Chinese
Medicine, Changsha, China
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Lima CC, de Holanda-Angelin-Alves CM, Pereira-Gonçalves Á, Kennedy-Feitosa E, Evangelista-Costa E, Bezerra MAC, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Leal-Cardoso JH. Antispasmodic effects of the essential oil of Croton zehnteneri, anethole, and estragole, on tracheal smooth muscle. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05445. [PMID: 33251351 PMCID: PMC7679260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Croton zehntneri is a plant well adapted to the semi-arid climate of northeastern region of Brazil. The essential oil of C. zehntneri (EOCz) has been described to have several pharmacologic properties, including effect on airflow resistance of in vivo respiratory system. For this reason, we investigated the hypothesis that EOCz and its major constituents, anethole and estragole, have antispasmodic activity on tracheal muscle. In tracheal rings of Wistar rats, maintained in Krebs-Henseleit's solution, EOCz, anethole and estragole inhibited contractions induced by 60mM [K+], ACh (10μM), Ba2+ and Phorbol dibutirate (1 μM). For EOCz, anethole and estragole, the IC50 for inhibition of KCl-induced contractions were 145.8 ± 14.8, 89.9 ± 7.4 and 181.0 ± 23.3 μg/mL, respectively, and for ACh-induced contraction, they were 606.1 ± 122.0, 160.5 ± 33.0 and 358.6 ± 49.2 μg/mL. Pharmacodynamic efficacy was maximal in all cases. These data in Ba2+-induced contraction and the differential IC50 suggested that blockade of Voltage Dependent Calcium Channels (VDCC) is a component of the mechanism of action of the three agents. Evaluation of the direct effect of anethole, on VDCC, showed inhibition of the Ca2+ current through this type of channel. These results show that EOCz and the constituents have antispasmodic activity and the mechanism includes blockade of VDCC channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystianne Calado Lima
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Physiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Átila Pereira-Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Kennedy-Feitosa
- Department of Health Sciences, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid, Mossorró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Eder Evangelista-Costa
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Henrique Leal-Cardoso
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Evans AM. On a Magical Mystery Tour with 8-Bromo-Cyclic ADP-Ribose: From All-or-None Block to Nanojunctions and the Cell-Wide Web. Molecules 2020; 25:E4768. [PMID: 33081414 PMCID: PMC7587525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A plethora of cellular functions are controlled by calcium signals, that are greatly coordinated by calcium release from intracellular stores, the principal component of which is the sarco/endooplasmic reticulum (S/ER). In 1997 it was generally accepted that activation of various G protein-coupled receptors facilitated inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) production, activation of IP3 receptors and thus calcium release from S/ER. Adding to this, it was evident that S/ER resident ryanodine receptors (RyRs) could support two opposing cellular functions by delivering either highly localised calcium signals, such as calcium sparks, or by carrying propagating, global calcium waves. Coincidentally, it was reported that RyRs in mammalian cardiac myocytes might be regulated by a novel calcium mobilising messenger, cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (cADPR), that had recently been discovered by HC Lee in sea urchin eggs. A reputedly selective and competitive cADPR antagonist, 8-bromo-cADPR, had been developed and was made available to us. We used 8-bromo-cADPR to further explore our observation that S/ER calcium release via RyRs could mediate two opposing functions, namely pulmonary artery dilation and constriction, in a manner seemingly independent of IP3Rs or calcium influx pathways. Importantly, the work of others had shown that, unlike skeletal and cardiac muscles, smooth muscles might express all three RyR subtypes. If this were the case in our experimental system and cADPR played a role, then 8-bromo-cADPR would surely block one of the opposing RyR-dependent functions identified, or the other, but certainly not both. The latter seemingly implausible scenario was confirmed. How could this be, do cells hold multiple, segregated SR stores that incorporate different RyR subtypes in receipt of spatially segregated signals carried by cADPR? The pharmacological profile of 8-bromo-cADPR action supported not only this, but also indicated that intracellular calcium signals were delivered across intracellular junctions formed by the S/ER. Not just one, at least two. This article retraces the steps along this journey, from the curious pharmacological profile of 8-bromo-cADPR to the discovery of the cell-wide web, a diverse network of cytoplasmic nanocourses demarcated by S/ER nanojunctions, which direct site-specific calcium flux and may thus coordinate the full panoply of cellular processes.
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Grants
- 01/A/S/07453 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- WT046374 , WT056423, WT070772, WT074434, WT081195AIA, WT212923, WT093147 Wellcome Trust
- PG/10/95/28657 British Heart Foundation
- FS/03/033/15432, FS/05/050, PG/05/128/19884, RG/12/14/29885, PG/10/95/28657 British Heart Foundation
- RG/12/14/29885 British Heart Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mark Evans
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences and Cardiovascular Science, Edinburgh Medical School, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
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Multiscale imaging of basal cell dynamics in the functionally mature mammary gland. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26822-26832. [PMID: 33033227 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2016905117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary epithelium is indispensable for the continued survival of more than 5,000 mammalian species. For some, the volume of milk ejected in a single day exceeds their entire blood volume. Here, we unveil the spatiotemporal properties of physiological signals that orchestrate the ejection of milk from alveolar units and its passage along the mammary ductal network. Using quantitative, multidimensional imaging of mammary cell ensembles from GCaMP6 transgenic mice, we reveal how stimulus evoked Ca2+ oscillations couple to contractions in basal epithelial cells. Moreover, we show that Ca2+-dependent contractions generate the requisite force to physically deform the innermost layer of luminal cells, compelling them to discharge the fluid that they produced and housed. Through the collective action of thousands of these biological positive-displacement pumps, each linked to a contractile ductal network, milk begins its passage toward the dependent neonate, seconds after the command.
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Kasai I, Kitazumi Y, Kano K, Shirai O. Electrical cell-to-cell communication using aggregates of model cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21288-21296. [PMID: 32935668 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06777a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication via a local current caused by ion transport is elucidated using a model-cell system. To imitate tissues such as smooth muscles and cardiac muscles, liquid-membrane cells mimicking the function of K+ and Na+ channels were made. Connecting these channel-mimicking cells (K+ channel and voltage-gated Na+ channel) in parallel, model cells imitating living cell functions were constructed. Action-potential propagation within the cell aggregate model constructed by multiple model cells was investigated. When an action potential was generated at one cell, the cell behaved as an electric power source. Since a circulating current flowed around the cell, it flowed through neighboring model cells. Influx and efflux currents caused negative and positive shifts of the membrane potential, respectively, on the surface of neighboring model cells. The action potential was generated at the depolarized domain when the membrane potential exceeded the threshold of the voltage-gated Na+ channels. Thus, the action potential spread all over the cell system. When an external electric stimulus was applied to the layered cell-aggregate model system, propagation of the action potential was facilitated as if they were synchronized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Kasai
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Oiwake-cho, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Chiang YF, Hung HC, Chen HY, Huang KC, Lin PH, Chang JY, Huang TC, Hsia SM. The Inhibitory Effect of Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Its Active Compound Oleocanthal on Prostaglandin-Induced Uterine Hypercontraction and Pain-Ex Vivo and In Vivo Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103012. [PMID: 33008039 PMCID: PMC7599558 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea is a common occurrence in adolescent women and is a type of chronic inflammation. Dysmenorrhea is due to an increase in oxidative stress, which increases cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, increases the concentration of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), and increases the calcium concentration in uterine smooth muscle, causing excessive uterine contractions and pain. The polyphenolic compound oleocanthal (OC) in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of extra virgin olive oil and its active ingredient oleocanthal (OC) on prostaglandin-induced uterine hyper-contraction, its antioxidant ability, and related mechanisms. We used force-displacement transducers to calculate uterine contraction in an ex vivo study. To analyze the analgesic effect, in an in vivo study, we used an acetic acid/oxytocin-induced mice writhing model and determined uterus contraction-related signaling protein expression. The active compound OC inhibited calcium/PGF2α-induced uterine hyper-contraction. In the acetic acid and oxytocin-induced mice writhing model, the intervention of the EVOO acetonitrile layer extraction inhibited pain by inhibiting oxidative stress and the phosphorylation of the protein kinase C (PKC)/extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/ myosin light chain (MLC) signaling pathway. These findings supported the idea that EVOO and its active ingredient, OC, can effectively decrease oxidative stress and PGF2α-induced uterine hyper-contraction, representing a further treatment for dysmenorrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fen Chiang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Hui-Chih Hung
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Ko-Chieh Huang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Po-Han Lin
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Jen-Yun Chang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
| | - Tsui-Chin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-F.C.); (H.-C.H.); (H.-Y.C.); (K.-C.H.); (P.-H.L.); (J.-Y.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Food and Safety, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 6558)
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Sghari S, Davies WIL, Gunhaga L. Elucidation of Cellular Mechanisms That Regulate the Sustained Contraction and Relaxation of the Mammalian Iris. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2020; 61:5. [PMID: 32882011 PMCID: PMC7476664 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.11.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In mammals, pupil constriction and dilation form the pupillary light reflex (PLR), which is mediated by both brain-regulated (parasympathetic) and local iris-driven reflexes. To better understand the cellular mechanisms that regulate pupil physiological dynamics via central and local photoreception, we have examined the regulation of the PLR via parasympathetic and local activation, respectively. Methods In this study, the PLR was examined in mouse enucleated eyes ex vivo in real-time under different ionic conditions in response to acetylcholine and/or blue light (480 nm). The use of pupillometry recordings captured the relaxation, contraction, and pupil escape (redilation) processes for 10 minutes up to 1 hour. Results Among others, our results show that ryanodine receptor channels are the main driver for iridal stimulation–contraction coupling, in which extracellular influx of Ca2+ is required for amplification of pupil constriction. Both local and parasympathetic iridal activations are necessary, but not sufficient for sustained pupil constriction. Moreover, the degree of membrane potential repolarization in the dark is correlated with the latency and velocity of iridal constriction. Furthermore, pupil escape is driven by membrane potential hyperpolarization where voltage-gated potassium channels play a crucial role. Conclusions Together, this study presents new mechanisms regulating synchronized pupil dilation and contraction, sustained pupil constriction, iridal stimulation-contraction coupling, and pupil escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soufien Sghari
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Wayne I L Davies
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lena Gunhaga
- Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Insight into the Mechanisms Underlying the Tracheorelaxant Properties of the Sideritis raeseri Extract. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6510708. [PMID: 32908564 PMCID: PMC7475741 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6510708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sideritis raeseri Boiss. and Heldr. (Lamiaceae), known as “mountain tea,” is a native plant from the Mediterranean region, which is widely used in traditional medicine. This study evaluates the effects of the ethanol extract of Sideritis raeseri (SR) on airway smooth muscle activity and identifies the underlying mechanism. The S. raeseri extract (SRE) was extracted from air-dried parts of the shoot system of SR. The SRE (0.3–2 mg/mL) was tested in isolated rabbit tracheal rings, suspended in the organ bath, filled with Krebs solution, and bubbled with the carbogen mixture (95% O2/5% CO2) under a resting tension of 1 g in 37°C. In in vitro experiments, the SRE relaxed against acetylcholine-induced constriction in tracheal rings. Furthermore, SRE inhibited Ca2+-induced contractions in carbachol (CCh, 1 μM) as well as in the K+-depolarized trachea (80 mM). Our findings showed the NO/cGMP involvement in tracheorelaxant effects of SR. To this end, the effect of the SRE was potentiated by bradykinin (nitric oxide (NO) synthase activator, 100 nM), whereas it was inhibited by ODQ (inhibitor of NO-sensitive guanylyl cyclase, 10 μM) and L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor, 100 μM), as well as indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor, 10 μM). These data suggest that the tracheorelaxant effect of the SRE is mediated at least partly by NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate and cyclooxygenase-1-prostaglandin E2-dependent signaling. These findings indicate that the SRE may be used in various respiratory disorders.
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Leigh WA, Del Valle G, Kamran SA, Drumm BT, Tavakkoli A, Sanders KM, Baker SA. A high throughput machine-learning driven analysis of Ca 2+ spatio-temporal maps. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102260. [PMID: 32795721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution Ca2+ imaging to study cellular Ca2+ behaviors has led to the creation of large datasets with a profound need for standardized and accurate analysis. To analyze these datasets, spatio-temporal maps (STMaps) that allow for 2D visualization of Ca2+ signals as a function of time and space are often used. Methods of STMap analysis rely on a highly arduous process of user defined segmentation and event-based data retrieval. These methods are often time consuming, lack accuracy, and are extremely variable between users. We designed a novel automated machine-learning based plugin for the analysis of Ca2+ STMaps (STMapAuto). The plugin includes optimized tools for Ca2+ signal preprocessing, automated segmentation, and automated extraction of key Ca2+ event information such as duration, spatial spread, frequency, propagation angle, and intensity in a variety of cell types including the Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). The plugin is fully implemented in Fiji and able to accurately detect and expeditiously quantify Ca2+ transient parameters from ICC. The plugin's speed of analysis of large-datasets was 197-fold faster than the commonly used single pixel-line method of analysis. The automated machine-learning based plugin described dramatically reduces opportunities for user error and provides a consistent method to allow high-throughput analysis of STMap datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A Leigh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Guillermo Del Valle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Sharif Amit Kamran
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Bernard T Drumm
- Department of Life & Health Science, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Co. Louth, Ireland
| | - Alireza Tavakkoli
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Kenton M Sanders
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Salah A Baker
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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Lee Y, Chakraborty S, Muthuchamy M. Roles of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ ATPase pump in the impairments of lymphatic contractile activity in a metabolic syndrome rat model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12320. [PMID: 32704072 PMCID: PMC7378550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69196-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic lymphatic contractile activity is necessary for proper lymph transport. Mesenteric lymphatic vessels from high-fructose diet-induced metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) rats exhibited impairments in its intrinsic phasic contractile activity; however, the molecular mechanisms responsible for the weaker lymphatic pumping activity in MetSyn conditions are unknown. Several metabolic disease models have shown that dysregulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) pump is one of the key determinants of the phenotypes seen in various muscle tissues. Hence, we hypothesized that a decrease in SERCA pump expression and/or activity in lymphatic muscle influences the diminished lymphatic vessel contractions in MetSyn animals. Results demonstrated that SERCA inhibitor, thapsigargin, significantly reduced lymphatic phasic contractile frequency and amplitude in control vessels, whereas, the reduced MetSyn lymphatic contractile activity was not further diminished by thapsigargin. While SERCA2a expression was significantly decreased in MetSyn lymphatic vessels, myosin light chain 20, MLC20 phosphorylation was increased in these vessels. Additionally, insulin resistant lymphatic muscle cells exhibited elevated intracellular calcium and decreased SERCA2a expression and activity. The SERCA activator, CDN 1163 partially restored lymphatic contractile activity in MetSyn lymphatic vessel by increasing phasic contractile frequency. Thus, our data provide the first evidence that SERCA2a modulates the lymphatic pumping activity by regulating phasic contractile amplitude and frequency, but not the lymphatic tone. Diminished lymphatic contractile activity in the vessels from the MetSyn animal is associated with the decreased SERCA2a expression and impaired SERCA2 activity in lymphatic muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lee
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sanjukta Chakraborty
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Mariappan Muthuchamy
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
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Nurliani A, Sasaki M, Budipitojo T, Tsubota T, Kitamura N. Morphological and Histological Studies on the Epididymis and Deferent Duct of the Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica). MAMMAL STUDY 2020. [DOI: 10.3106/ms2019-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anni Nurliani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Motoki Sasaki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - Teguh Budipitojo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Toshio Tsubota
- Laboratory of Wildlife Biology and Medicine, Department of Environmental Veterinary Science, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kitamura
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
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Fransen P, Chen J, Vangheluwe P, Guns PJ. Contractile Behavior of Mouse Aorta Depends on SERCA2 Isoform Distribution: Effects of Replacing SERCA2a by SERCA2b. Front Physiol 2020; 11:282. [PMID: 32296344 PMCID: PMC7136392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) actively pumps Ca2+ into the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum, thereby regulating intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and associated physiological processes. Different SERCA isoforms have been described (SERCA1, 2, and 3) with SERCA2 playing a pivotal role in Ca2+ homeostasis in cardiovascular tissues. In the heart, SERCA2a is the dominant isoform and has been proposed as therapeutic target in patients with heart failure. In the vasculature, both SERCA2a and SERCA2b are expressed with SERCA2b being the predominant isoform. The physiological role of SERCA2a in the vasculature, however, remains incompletely understood. In the present study, we used gene-modified mice in which the alternative splicing of the SERCA2-encoding gene (Atp2a2), underlying the expression of SERCA2a, is prevented and SERCA2a is replaced by SERCA2b. The resulting SERCA2b/b mice provide a unique opportunity to investigate the specific contribution of SERCA2a versus SERCA2b to vascular physiology. Aortic segments of SERCA2b/b (SERCA2a-deficient) and SERCA2a/b (control) mice were mounted in organ baths to evaluate vascular reactivity. SERCA2b/b aortic rings displayed higher contractions induced by phenylephrine (1 μM). Surprisingly, the initial inositol-3-phosphate mediated phasic contraction showed a faster decay of force in SERCA2b/b mice, while the subsequent tonic contraction was larger in SERCA2b/b segments. Moreover, in the presence of the calcium channel blocker diltiazem (35 μM) SERCA2b/b aortic rings showed higher contractions compared to SERCA2a/b, suggesting that SERCA2a (deficiency) modulates the activity of non-selective cation channels. Additionally, in endothelial cell (EC)-denuded aortic segments, the SERCA-inhibitor cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) caused markedly larger contractions in SERCA2b/b mice, while the increases of cytosolic Ca2+ were similar in both strains. Hence, aortas of SERCA2b/b mice appear to have a stronger coupling of intracellular Ca2+ to contraction, which may be in agreement with the reported difference in intracellular localization of SERCA2a versus SERCA2b. Finally, EC-mediated relaxation by acetylcholine and ATP was assessed. Concentration-response-curves for ATP showed a higher sensitivity of aortic segments of SERCA2b/b mice, while no difference in potency between strains were observed for acetylcholine. In summary, despite the relative low expression of SERCA2a in the murine aorta, our results point toward a distinct role in vascular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Fransen
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jialin Chen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Guns
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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