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Mohammadkhani M, Gholami D, Riazi G. The effects of chronic morphine administration on spatial memory and microtubule dynamicity in male mice's brain. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2024; 16:300-308. [PMID: 38390235 PMCID: PMC10881431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The examination of the influence of morphine on behavioral processes, specifically learning and memory, holds significant importance. Additionally, microtubule proteins play a pivotal role in cellular functions, and the dynamics of microtubules contribute to neural network connectivity, information processing, and memory storage. however, the molecular mechanism of morphine on microtubule dynamics, learning, and memory remains uncovered. In the present study, we examined the effects of chronic morphine administration on memory formation impairment and the kinetic alterations in microtubule proteins induced by morphine in mice. Chronic morphine administration at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg dose-dependently decreased subjects' performance in spatial memory tasks, such as the Morris Water Maze and Y-maze spontaneous alternation behavior. Furthermore, morphine was found to stabilize microtubule structure, and increase polymerization, and total polymer mass. However, it simultaneously impaired microtubule dynamicity, stemming from structural changes in tubulin dimer structure. These findings emphasize the need for careful consideration of different doses when using morphine, urging a more cautious approach in the administration of this opioid medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mohammadkhani
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dariush Gholami
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Gharat R, Dixit G, Khambete M, Prabhu A. Targets, trials and tribulations in Alzheimer therapeutics. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 962:176230. [PMID: 38042464 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by abnormal accumulation of extracellular amyloid beta senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in the parts of the brain responsible for cognition. The therapeutic burden for the management of AD relies solely on cholinesterase inhibitors that provide only symptomatic relief. The urgent need for disease-modifying drugs has resulted in intensive research in this domain, which has led to better understanding of the disease pathology and identification of a plethora of new pathological targets. Currently, there are over a hundred and seventy clinical trials exploring disease modification, cognitive enhancement, and reduction of neuro-psychiatric complications. However, the path to developing safe and efficacious AD therapeutics has not been without challenges. Several clinical trials have been terminated in advanced stages due to lack of therapeutic translation or increased incidence of adverse events. This review presents an in-depth look at the various therapeutic targets of AD and the lessons learnt during their clinical assessment. Comprehensive understanding of the implication of modulating various aspects of Alzheimer brain pathology is crucial for development of drugs with potential to halt disease progression in Alzheimer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchita Gharat
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, VM Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gargi Dixit
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, VM Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mihir Khambete
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Arati Prabhu
- SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, VM Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, Maharashtra, India.
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3
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Gozes I, Shapira G, Lobyntseva A, Shomron N. Unexpected gender differences in progressive supranuclear palsy reveal efficacy for davunetide in women. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:319. [PMID: 37845254 PMCID: PMC10579238 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a pure tauopathy, implicating davunetide, enhancing Tau-microtubule interaction, as an ideal drug candidate. However, pooling patient data irrespective of sex concluded no efficacy. Here, analyzing sex-dependency in a 52 week-long- PSP clinical trial (involving over 200 patients) demonstrated clear baseline differences in brain ventricular volumes, a secondary endpoint. Dramatic baseline ventricular volume-dependent/volume increase correlations were observed in 52-week-placebo-treated females (r = 0.74, P = 2.36-9), whereas davunetide-treated females (like males) revealed no such effects. Assessment of primary endpoints, by the PSP Rating Scale (PSPRS) and markedly more so by the Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (SEADL) scale, showed significantly faster deterioration in females, starting at trial week 13 (P = 0.01, and correlating with most other endpoints by week 52). Twice daily davunetide treatments slowed female disease progression and revealed significant protection according to the SEADL scale as early as at 39 weeks (P = 0.008), as well as protection of the bulbar and limb motor domains considered by the PSPRS, including speaking and swallowing difficulties caused by brain damage, and deterioration of fine motor skills, respectably (P = 0.01), at 52 weeks. Furthermore, at 52 weeks of trial, the exploratory Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) significantly correlated with the SEADL scale deterioration in the female placebo group and demonstrated davunetide-mediated protection of females. Female-specific davunetide-mediated protection of ventricular volume corresponded to clinical efficacy. Together with the significantly slower disease progression seen in men, the results reveal sex-based drug efficacy differences, demonstrating the neuroprotective and disease-modifying impact of davunetide treatment for female PSP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Guy Shapira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexandra Lobyntseva
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Edmond J Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Tel Aviv University, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Lasser M, Sun N, Xu Y, Wang S, Drake S, Law K, Gonzalez S, Wang B, Drury V, Castillo O, Zaltsman Y, Dea J, Bader E, McCluskey KE, State MW, Willsey AJ, Willsey HR. Pleiotropy of autism-associated chromatin regulators. Development 2023; 150:dev201515. [PMID: 37366052 PMCID: PMC10399978 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Gene ontology analyses of high-confidence autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk genes highlight chromatin regulation and synaptic function as major contributors to pathobiology. Our recent functional work in vivo has additionally implicated tubulin biology and cellular proliferation. As many chromatin regulators, including the ASD risk genes ADNP and CHD3, are known to directly regulate both tubulins and histones, we studied the five chromatin regulators most strongly associated with ASD (ADNP, CHD8, CHD2, POGZ and KMT5B) specifically with respect to tubulin biology. We observe that all five localize to microtubules of the mitotic spindle in vitro in human cells and in vivo in Xenopus. Investigation of CHD2 provides evidence that mutations present in individuals with ASD cause a range of microtubule-related phenotypes, including disrupted localization of the protein at mitotic spindles, cell cycle stalling, DNA damage and cell death. Lastly, we observe that ASD genetic risk is significantly enriched among tubulin-associated proteins, suggesting broader relevance. Together, these results provide additional evidence that the role of tubulin biology and cellular proliferation in ASD warrants further investigation and highlight the pitfalls of relying solely on annotated gene functions in the search for pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micaela Lasser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nawei Sun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yuxiao Xu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Sam Drake
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Karen Law
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Silvano Gonzalez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Belinda Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Vanessa Drury
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Octavio Castillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Yefim Zaltsman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jeanselle Dea
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ethel Bader
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kate E. McCluskey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Matthew W. State
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - A. Jeremy Willsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Helen Rankin Willsey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub - San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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5
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Rayman JB. Focusing on oligomeric tau as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37140480 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2206561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tau has commanded much attention as a potential therapeutic target in neurodegenerative diseases. Tau pathology is a hallmark of primary tauopathies, such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), corticobasal syndrome (CBS), and subtypes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), as well as secondary tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The development of tau therapeutics must reconcile with the structural complexity of the tau proteome, as well as an incomplete understanding of the role of tau in both physiology and disease. AREAS COVERED This review offers a current perspective on tau biology, discusses key barriers to the development of effective tau-based therapeutics, and promotes the idea that pathogenic (as opposed to merely pathological) tau should be at the center of drug development efforts. EXPERT OPINION An efficacious tau therapeutic will exhibit several primary features: 1) selectivity for pathogenic tau versus other tau species; 2) blood-brain barrier and cell membrane permeability, enabling access to intracellular tau in disease-relevant brain regions; and 3) minimal toxicity. Oligomeric tau is proposed as a major pathogenic form of tau and a compelling drug target in tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B Rayman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Bose M, Farias Quipildor G, Ehrlich ME, Salton SR. Intranasal Peptide Therapeutics: A Promising Avenue for Overcoming the Challenges of Traditional CNS Drug Development. Cells 2022; 11:3629. [PMID: 36429060 PMCID: PMC9688574 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) has, among all organ systems in the human body, the highest failure rate of traditional small-molecule drug development, ranging from 80-100% depending on the area of disease research. This has led to widespread abandonment by the pharmaceutical industry of research and development for CNS disorders, despite increased diagnoses of neurodegenerative disorders and the continued lack of adequate treatment options for brain injuries, stroke, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neuropsychiatric illness. However, new approaches, concurrent with the development of sophisticated bioinformatic and genomic tools, are being used to explore peptide-based therapeutics to manipulate endogenous pathways and targets, including "undruggable" intracellular protein-protein interactions (PPIs). The development of peptide-based therapeutics was previously rejected due to systemic off-target effects and poor bioavailability arising from traditional oral and systemic delivery methods. However, targeted nose-to-brain, or intranasal (IN), approaches have begun to emerge that allow CNS-specific delivery of therapeutics via the trigeminal and olfactory nerve pathways, laying the foundation for improved alternatives to systemic drug delivery. Here we review a dozen promising IN peptide therapeutics in preclinical and clinical development for neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), neuropsychiatric (depression, PTSD, schizophrenia), and neurodevelopmental disorders (autism), with insulin, NAP (davunetide), IGF-1, PACAP, NPY, oxytocin, and GLP-1 agonists prominent among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Bose
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gabriela Farias Quipildor
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Michelle E. Ehrlich
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stephen R. Salton
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Karmon G, Sragovich S, Hacohen-Kleiman G, Ben-Horin-Hazak I, Kasparek P, Schuster B, Sedlacek R, Pasmanik-Chor M, Theotokis P, Touloumi O, Zoidou S, Huang L, Wu PY, Shi R, Kapitansky O, Lobyntseva A, Giladi E, Shapira G, Shomron N, Bereswill S, Heimesaat MM, Grigoriadis N, McKinney RA, Rubinstein M, Gozes I. Novel ADNP Syndrome Mice Reveal Dramatic Sex-Specific Peripheral Gene Expression With Brain Synaptic and Tau Pathologies. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:81-95. [PMID: 34865853 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ADNP is essential for embryonic development. As such, de novo ADNP mutations lead to an intractable autism/intellectual disability syndrome requiring investigation. METHODS Mimicking humans, CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-Cas9 editing produced mice carrying heterozygous Adnp p.Tyr718∗ (Tyr), a paralog of the most common ADNP syndrome mutation. Phenotypic rescue was validated by treatment with the microtubule/autophagy-protective ADNP fragment NAPVSIPQ (NAP). RESULTS RNA sequencing of spleens, representing a peripheral biomarker source, revealed Tyr-specific sex differences (e.g., cell cycle), accentuated in females (with significant effects on antigen processing and cellular senescence) and corrected by NAP. Differentially expressed, NAP-correctable transcripts, including the autophagy and microbiome resilience-linked FOXO3, were also deregulated in human patient-derived ADNP-mutated lymphoblastoid cells. There were also Tyr sex-specific microbiota signatures. Phenotypically, Tyr mice, similar to patients with ADNP syndrome, exhibited delayed development coupled with sex-dependent gait defects. Speech acquisition delays paralleled sex-specific mouse syntax abnormalities. Anatomically, dendritic spine densities/morphologies were decreased with NAP amelioration. These findings were replicated in the Adnp+/- mouse, including Foxo3 deregulation, required for dendritic spine formation. Grooming duration and nociception threshold (autistic traits) were significantly affected only in males. Early-onset tauopathy was accentuated in males (hippocampus and visual cortex), mimicking humans, and was paralleled by impaired visual evoked potentials and correction by acute NAP treatment. CONCLUSIONS Tyr mice model ADNP syndrome pathology. The newly discovered ADNP/NAP target FOXO3 controls the autophagy initiator LC3 (microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3), with known ADNP binding to LC3 augmented by NAP, protecting against tauopathy. NAP amelioration attests to specificity, with potential for drug development targeting accessible biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gidon Karmon
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomo Sragovich
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gal Hacohen-Kleiman
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inbar Ben-Horin-Hazak
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Petr Kasparek
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Björn Schuster
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Department of Transgenic Models of Diseases and Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Metsada Pasmanik-Chor
- Bioinformatics Unit, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paschalis Theotokis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olga Touloumi
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sofia Zoidou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Linxuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pei You Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Roy Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Oxana Kapitansky
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alexandra Lobyntseva
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eliezer Giladi
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Guy Shapira
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Noam Shomron
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Edmond J. Safra Center for Bioinformatics, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Stefan Bereswill
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus M Heimesaat
- Gastrointestinal Microbiology Research Group, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - R Anne McKinney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Moran Rubinstein
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Goldschleger Eye Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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8
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Shared pathophysiology: Understanding stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 218:107306. [PMID: 35636382 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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9
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Delbreil P, Rabanel JM, Banquy X, Brambilla D. Therapeutic nanotechnologies for Alzheimer's disease: a critical analysis of recent trends and findings. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114397. [PMID: 35738546 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease for which no disease modifying therapies are presently available. Besides the identification of pathological targets, AD presents numerous clinical and pharmacological challenges such as efficient active delivery to the central nervous system, cell targeting, and long-term dosing. Nanoparticles have been explored to overcome some of these challenges as drug delivery vehicles or drugs themselves. However, early promises have failed to materialize as no nanotechnology-based product has been able to reach the market and very few have moved past preclinical stages. In this review, we perform a critical analysis of the past decade's research on nanomedicine-based therapies for AD at the preclinical and clinical stages. The main obstacles to nanotechnology products and the most promising approaches were also identified, including renewed promise with gene editing, gene modulation, and vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Delbreil
- Faculty of pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Rabanel
- Faculty of pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Davide Brambilla
- Faculty of pharmacy, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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10
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Soliman A, Bakota L, Brandt R. Microtubule-modulating Agents in the Fight Against Neurodegeneration: Will it ever Work? Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:782-798. [PMID: 34852744 PMCID: PMC9878958 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211201101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule skeleton plays an essential role in nerve cells as the most important structural determinant of morphology and as a highway for axonal transport processes. Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by changes in the structure and organization of microtubules and microtubule-regulating proteins such as the microtubule-associated protein tau, which exhibits characteristic changes in a whole class of diseases collectively referred to as tauopathies. Changes in the dynamics of microtubules appear to occur early under neurodegenerative conditions and are also likely to contribute to age-related dysfunction of neurons. Thus, modulating microtubule dynamics and correcting impaired microtubule stability can be a useful neuroprotective strategy to counteract the disruption of the microtubule system in disease and aging. In this article, we review current microtubule- directed approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases with microtubules as a drug target, tau as a drug target, and post-translational modifications as potential modifiers of the microtubule system. We discuss limitations of the approaches that can be traced back to the rather unspecific mechanism of action, which causes undesirable side effects in non-neuronal cell types or which are due to the disruption of non-microtubule-related interactions. We also develop some thoughts on how the specificity of the approaches can be improved and what further targets could be used for modulating substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Soliman
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany;,Center for Cellular Nanoanalytics, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany;,Institute of Cognitive Science, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Neurobiology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany; Tel: +49 541 969 2338; E-mail:
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11
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Hasegawa Y, Namkung H, Smith A, Sakamoto S, Zhu X, Ishizuka K, Lane AP, Sawa A, Kamiya A. Causal impact of local inflammation in the nasal cavity on higher brain function and cognition. Neurosci Res 2021; 172:110-115. [PMID: 33932551 PMCID: PMC10693917 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that adverse environmental factors in the nasal cavity may increase the risk for neuropsychiatric diseases. For instance, air pollution and nasal viral infection have been underscored as risk factors for Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, and mood disorders. These adverse factors can elicit local inflammation in the nasal cavity, which may in turn influence higher brain function. Nevertheless, evidence that directly supports their causal link is missing. To fill this knowledge gap, we used an inducible mouse model for olfactory inflammation and showed the evidence that this local pathological factor can elicit behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Hasegawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Ho Namkung
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Amy Smith
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Shinji Sakamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Koko Ishizuka
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Andrew P Lane
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA; Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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12
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Imbimbo BP, Ippati S, Watling M, Balducci C. A critical appraisal of tau-targeting therapies for primary and secondary tauopathies. Alzheimers Dement 2021; 18:1008-1037. [PMID: 34533272 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary tauopathies are neurological disorders in which tau protein deposition is the predominant pathological feature. Alzheimer's disease is a secondary tauopathy with tau forming hyperphosphorylated insoluble aggregates. Tau pathology can propagate from region to region in the brain, while alterations in tau processing may impair tau physiological functions. METHODS We reviewed literature on tau biology and anti-tau drugs using PubMed, meeting abstracts, and ClnicalTrials.gov. RESULTS The past 15 years have seen >30 drugs interfering with tau aggregation, processing, and accumulation reaching the clinic. Initial results with tau aggregation inhibitors and anti-tau monoclonal antibodies have not shown clinical efficacy. DISCUSSION The reasons for these clinical failures are unclear but could be linked to the clearing of physiological forms of tau by non-specific drugs. Research is now concentrating efforts on developing reliable translational animal models and selective compounds targeting specific tau epitopes, neurotoxic tau aggregates, and post-translational tau modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Imbimbo
- Department of Research & Development, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Ippati
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Mark Watling
- CNS & Pain Department, TranScrip Ltd, Reading, UK
| | - Claudia Balducci
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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13
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Bomasang-Layno E, Bronsther R. Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease:: An Update. Dela J Public Health 2021; 7:74-85. [PMID: 34604768 PMCID: PMC8482985 DOI: 10.32481/djph.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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14
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Ivashko-Pachima Y, Hadar A, Grigg I, Korenková V, Kapitansky O, Karmon G, Gershovits M, Sayas CL, Kooy RF, Attems J, Gurwitz D, Gozes I. Discovery of autism/intellectual disability somatic mutations in Alzheimer's brains: mutated ADNP cytoskeletal impairments and repair as a case study. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1619-1633. [PMID: 31664177 PMCID: PMC8159740 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibiting reduced ability of neural stem cell renewal, we hypothesized that de novo mutations controlling embryonic development, in the form of brain somatic mutations instigate the disease. A leading gene presenting heterozygous dominant de novo autism-intellectual disabilities (ID) causing mutations is activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), with intact ADNP protecting against AD-tauopathy. We discovered a genomic autism ADNP mutation (c.2188C>T) in postmortem AD olfactory bulbs and hippocampi. RNA-Seq of olfactory bulbs also identified a novel ADNP hotspot mutation, c.2187_2188insA. Altogether, 665 mutations in 596 genes with 441 mutations in AD patients (389 genes, 38% AD-exclusive mutations) and 104 genes presenting disease-causing mutations (OMIM) were discovered. OMIM AD mutated genes converged on cytoskeletal mechanisms, autism and ID causing mutations (about 40% each). The number and average frequencies of AD-related mutations per subject were higher in AD subjects compared to controls. RNA-seq datamining (hippocampus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, fusiform gyrus and superior frontal gyrus-583 subjects) yielded similar results. Overlapping all tested brain areas identified unique and shared mutations, with ADNP singled out as a gene associated with autism/ID/AD and presenting several unique aging/AD mutations. The large fusiform gyrus library (117 subjects) with high sequencing coverage correlated the c.2187_2188insA ADNP mutation frequency to Braak stage (tauopathy) and showed more ADNP mutations in AD specimens. In cell cultures, the ADNP-derived snippet NAP inhibited mutated-ADNP-microtubule (MT) toxicity and enhanced Tau-MT association. We propose a paradigm-shifting concept in the perception of AD whereby accumulating mosaic somatic mutations promote brain pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Ivashko-Pachima
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Adva Hadar
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Iris Grigg
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Vlasta Korenková
- BIOCEV, Institute of Biotechnology CAS, Průmyslová 595, 252 50, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Oxana Kapitansky
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Gidon Karmon
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Gershovits
- The Nancy & Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C Laura Sayas
- Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas (ITB), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, Spain
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johannes Attems
- Institute of Neuroscience and Newcastle University Institute of Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Gurwitz
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Illana Gozes
- The First Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors; The Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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Giunta M, Solje E, Gardoni F, Borroni B, Benussi A. Experimental Disease-Modifying Agents for Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:359-376. [PMID: 33790662 PMCID: PMC8005747 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s262352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia is a clinically, genetically and pathologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, enclosing a wide range of different pathological entities, associated with the accumulation of proteins such as tau and TPD-43. Characterized by a high hereditability, mutations in three main genes, MAPT, GRN and C9orf72, can drive the neurodegenerative process. The connection between different genes and proteinopathies through specific mechanisms has shed light on the pathophysiology of the disease, leading to the identification of potential pharmacological targets. New experimental strategies are emerging, in both preclinical and clinical settings, which focus on small molecules rather than gene therapy. In this review, we provide an insight into the aberrant mechanisms leading to FTLD-related proteinopathies and discuss recent therapies with the potential to ameliorate neurodegeneration and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Giunta
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eino Solje
- Institute of Clinical Medicine - Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Benussi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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16
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Soeda Y, Takashima A. New Insights Into Drug Discovery Targeting Tau Protein. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:590896. [PMID: 33343298 PMCID: PMC7744460 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.590896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule-associated protein tau is characterized by the fact that it is an intrinsically disordered protein due to its lack of a stable conformation and high flexibility. Intracellular inclusions of fibrillar forms of tau with a β-sheet structure accumulate in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Accordingly, detachment of tau from microtubules and transition of tau from a disordered state to an abnormally aggregated state are essential events preceding the onset of tau-related diseases. Many reports have shown that this transition is caused by post-translational modifications, including hyperphosphorylation and acetylation. The misfolded tau is self-assembled and forms a tau oligomer before the appearance of tau inclusions. Animal and pathological studies using human samples have demonstrated that tau oligomer formation contributes to neuronal loss. During the progression of tauopathies, tau seeds are released from cells and incorporated into other cells, leading to the propagation of pathological tau aggregation. Accumulating evidence suggests several potential approaches for blocking tau-mediated toxicity: (1) direct inhibition of pathological tau aggregation and (2) inhibition of tau post-translational modifications that occur prior to pathological tau aggregation, (3) inhibition of tau propagation and (4) stabilization of microtubules. In addition to traditional low-molecular-weight compounds, newer drug discovery approaches such as the development of medium-molecular-weight drugs (peptide- or oligonucleotide-based drugs) and high-molecular-weight drugs (antibody-based drugs) provide alternative pathways to preventing the formation of abnormal tau. Of particular interest are recent studies suggesting that tau droplet formation by liquid-liquid phase separation may be the initial step in aberrant tau aggregation, as well results that implicate roles for tau in dendritic and nuclear functions. Here, we review the mechanisms through which drugs can target tau and consider recent clinical trials for the treatment of tauopathies. In addition, we discuss the utility of these newer strategies and propose future directions for research on tau-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Soeda
- Laboratory for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Takashima
- Laboratory for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Alzheimer's disease: Recent treatment strategies. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173554. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Miller JH, Das V. Potential for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases with Natural Products or Synthetic Compounds that Stabilize Microtubules. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4362-4372. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200621171302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
No effective therapeutics to treat neurodegenerative diseases exist, despite significant attempts to find
drugs that can reduce or rescue the debilitating symptoms of tauopathies such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s
disease, frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or Pick’s disease. A number of in vitro and in
vivo models exist for studying neurodegenerative diseases, including cell models employing induced-pluripotent
stem cells, cerebral organoids, and animal models of disease. Recent research has focused on microtubulestabilizing
agents, either natural products or synthetic compounds that can prevent the axonal destruction caused
by tau protein pathologies. Although promising results have come from animal model studies using brainpenetrant
natural product microtubule-stabilizing agents, such as paclitaxel analogs that can access the brain,
epothilones B and D, and other synthetic compounds such as davunetide or the triazolopyrimidines, early clinical
trials in humans have been disappointing. This review aims to summarize the research that has been carried out in
this area and discuss the potential for the future development of an effective microtubule stabilizing drug to treat
neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H. Miller
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand
| | - Viswanath Das
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Hněvotínska 5, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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VandeVrede L, Ljubenkov PA, Rojas JC, Welch AE, Boxer AL. Four-Repeat Tauopathies: Current Management and Future Treatments. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1563-1581. [PMID: 32676851 PMCID: PMC7851277 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-repeat tauopathies are a neurodegenerative disease characterized by brain parenchymal accumulation of a specific isoform of the protein tau, which gives rise to a wide breadth of clinical syndromes encompassing diverse symptomatology, with the most common syndromes being progressive supranuclear palsy-Richardson's and corticobasal syndrome. Despite the lack of effective disease-modifying therapies, targeted treatment of symptoms can improve quality of life for patients with 4-repeat tauopathies. However, managing these symptoms can be a daunting task, even for those familiar with the diseases, as they span motor, sensory, cognitive, affective, autonomic, and behavioral domains. This review describes current approaches to symptomatic management of common clinical symptoms in 4-repeat tauopathies with a focus on practical patient management, including pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies, and concludes with a discussion of the history and future of disease-modifying therapeutics and clinical trials in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawren VandeVrede
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
| | - Peter A Ljubenkov
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julio C Rojas
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ariane E Welch
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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20
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Guo B, Huang Y, Gao Q, Zhou Q. Stabilization of microtubules improves cognitive functions and axonal transport of mitochondria in Alzheimer's disease model mice. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 96:223-232. [PMID: 33039900 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
One major pathological process in Alzheimer's disease is mediated by hyperphosphorylated tau, which includes altered microtubules (MTs) and functions associated with tau. A potential way to compensate for altered MT function is to use an MT stabilizer, such as epothilone D (EpoD). Previous studies have demonstrated improved cognitive functions and axonal transport by EpoD in tau-mutation mice. Here, we demonstrated that extended EpoD treatment also has beneficial effects on APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice, improving their motor and spatial memory, increasing key synaptic protein levels, while not affecting amyloid plaque density or level of tau phosphorylation. Interestingly, EpoD appears to improve the retrieval of formed memories. We also observed improved axonal transport of mitochondria in cultured neurons from APP/PS1 mice. In addition, higher level of perineuronal nets are found in APP/PS1 mice injected with EpoD, suggesting potential contributions of increased inhibition. Our results suggest potential therapeutic value of EpoD in treating Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihong Guo
- Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yangmei Huang
- Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qingtao Gao
- Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiang Zhou
- Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Shenzhen, China.
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Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP)-end-binding protein (EB) interactions regulate microtubule dynamics toward protection against tauopathy. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 177:65-90. [PMID: 33453943 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The 1102-amino-acid activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) was originally discovered by expression cloning through the immunological identification of its 8-amino-acid sequence NAPVSIPQ (NAP), constituting the smallest active neuroprotective fragment of the protein. ADNP expression is essential for brain formation and cognitive function and is dysregulated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia). ADNP has been found to be mutated in autism, with an estimated prevalence of 0.17% (together, these autism cases now constitute ADNP syndrome cases) and our recent results showed somatic mutations in ADNP in Alzheimer's disease brains correlating with tauopathy. Furthermore, Adnp haploinsufficiency in mice causes an age-dependent reduction in cognitive functions coupled with tauopathy-like features such as an increased formation of tangle-like structures, defective axonal transport, and Tau hyperphosphorylation. ADNP and its derived peptides, NAP and SKIP, directly interact with end-binding proteins (EBs), which decorate plus-tips of the growing axonal cytoskeleton-microtubules (MTs). Functionally, NAP and SKIP are neuroprotective and stimulate axonal transport. Clinical trials have suggested the potential efficacy of NAP (davunetide, CP201) for improving cognitive performance/functional activities of daily living in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and schizophrenia patients, respectively. However, NAP was not found to be an effective treatment (though well-tolerated) for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients. Here we review the molecular mechanism of NAP activity on MTs and how NAP modulates the MT-Tau-EBs crosstalk. We offer a molecular explanation for the different protective potency of NAP in selected tauopathies (aMCI vs. PSP) expressing different ratios/pathologies of the alternatively spliced Tau mRNA and its resulting protein (aMCI expressing similar quantities of the dynamic Tau 3-MT binding isoform (Tau3R) and the Tau 4-MT binding isoform (Tau4R) and PSP enriched in Tau4R pathology). We reveal the direct effect of truncated ADNPs (resulting from de novo autism and newly discovered Alzheimer's disease-related somatic mutations) on MT dynamics. We show that the peptide SKIP affects MT dynamics and MT-Tau association. Since MT impairment is linked with neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental conditions, the current study implicates a paucity/dysregulation of MT-interacting endogenous proteins, like ADNP, as a contributing mechanism and provides hope for NAP and SKIP as MT-modulating drug candidates.
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VandeVrede L, Boxer AL, Polydoro M. Targeting tau: Clinical trials and novel therapeutic approaches. Neurosci Lett 2020; 731:134919. [PMID: 32380145 PMCID: PMC9212860 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.134919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tauopathies are a group of over 20 clinicopathological neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, progressive supranuclear palsy, Pick's disease, corticobasal degeneration, among others. Tauopathies are defined by neurodegeneration and the presence of tau aggregates in affected brains regions. Interestingly, regional tau aggregation burden correlates with clinical phenotype and predicts cognitive status. Autosomal dominant mutations in the MAPT gene lead to tau deposition and clinical FTD syndromes with cognitive, behavioral, and motor impairment. Polymorphisms in or around the MAPT gene have also been strongly linked to other proteinopathies including synucleinopathies. Taken together these findings suggests that tau plays a critical role in neurodegeneration and proteinopathies, supporting the idea that tau targeted approaches can be disease-modifying and lead to clinically meaningful benefits in slowing or reversing disease progression. Increasingly, human clinical trials are testing this hypothesis. This article reviews tau-targeted therapies tested in clinical trials as well as agents currently in active development based on publicly disclosed information. We describe the therapeutic approaches of these trials based on the potential pathogenic mechanism they target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawren VandeVrede
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA
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Deciphering the Enigma: NAP (CP201) the Active ADNP Drug Candidate Enters Cells by Dynamin-Associated Endocytosis. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:993-998. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01632-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Lauretti E, Praticò D. Alzheimer's disease: phenotypic approaches using disease models and the targeting of tau protein. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:319-330. [PMID: 32116063 PMCID: PMC7201870 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1737012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Hyperphosphorylated and aggregated tau protein is the main hallmark of a class of neurodegenerative disorders known as tauopathies. Tau is a microtubule-binding protein which is important for microtubule assembly and stabilization, for proper axonal transport and overall neuronal integrity. However, in tauopathies, tau undergoes aberrant post-translational modifications that fundamentally affect its normal function. The etiology of these devastating diseases is unclear and there is no treatment for these disorders.Areas covered: This review examines the neurobiology of tau, tau post-translational modifications, and tau pathophysiology. Progress regarding the effort to identify and assess novel tau-targeted therapeutic strategies in preclinical studies is also discussed. We performed a search on PubMed of the relevant literature published between 1995 and 2020.Expert opinion: Tau diversity and the lack of clinically available test to diagnose and identify tauopathies are major obstacles; they represent a possible reason for the lack of success of clinical trials. However, given the encouraging advances in PET tau imaging and tau neurobiology, we believe that a more personalized approach could be on the horizon and that this will be key to addressing the heterogeneity of tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Lauretti
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Domenico Praticò
- Alzheimer's Center at Temple, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Guo Q, Xu S, Yang P, Wang P, Lu S, Sheng D, Qian K, Cao J, Lu W, Zhang Q. A dual-ligand fusion peptide improves the brain-neuron targeting of nanocarriers in Alzheimer's disease mice. J Control Release 2020; 320:347-362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Development of disease-modifying drugs for frontotemporal dementia spectrum disorders. Nat Rev Neurol 2020; 16:213-228. [PMID: 32203398 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-020-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) encompasses a spectrum of clinical syndromes characterized by progressive executive, behavioural and language dysfunction. The various FTD spectrum disorders are associated with brain accumulation of different proteins: tau, the transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP43), or fused in sarcoma (FUS) protein, Ewing sarcoma protein and TATA-binding protein-associated factor 15 (TAF15) (collectively known as FET proteins). Approximately 60% of patients with FTD have autosomal dominant mutations in C9orf72, GRN or MAPT genes. Currently available treatments are symptomatic and provide limited benefit. However, the increased understanding of FTD pathogenesis is driving the development of potential disease-modifying therapies. Most of these drugs target pathological tau - this category includes tau phosphorylation inhibitors, tau aggregation inhibitors, active and passive anti-tau immunotherapies, and MAPT-targeted antisense oligonucleotides. Some of these therapeutic approaches are being tested in phase II clinical trials. Pharmacological approaches that target the effects of GRN and C9orf72 mutations are also in development. Key results of large clinical trials will be available in a few years. However, clinical trials in FTD pose several challenges, and the development of specific brain imaging and molecular biomarkers could facilitate the recruitment of clinically homogenous groups to improve the chances of positive clinical trial results.
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Pejman S, Riazi G, Pooyan S, Lanjanian H. Peptide LIQ Promotes Cell Protection against Zinc-Induced Cytotoxicity through Microtubule Stabilization. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:515-534. [PMID: 31972082 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stability of the microtubule protein (MTP) network required for its physiological functions is disrupted in the course of neurodegenerative disorders. Thus, the design of novel therapeutic approaches for microtubule stabilization is a focus of intensive study. Dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1) is a guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), which plays a prevailing role in mitochondrial fission. Several isoforms of Drp1 have been identified, of which one of these isoforms (Drp1-x01) has been previously described with MTP stabilizing activity. Here, we synthesized peptide LIQ, an 11-amino-acid peptide derived from the Drp1-x01 isoform, and reported that LIQ could induce tubulin assembly in vitro. Using a Stern-Volmer plot and continuous variation method, we proposed one binding site on tubulin for this peptide. Interestingly, FRET experiment and docking studies showed that LIQ binds the taxol-binding site on β-tubulin. Furthermore, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) assay provided data on tubulin structural changes upon LIQ binding that result in formation of more stable tubulin dimers. Flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence microscopy displayed that cellular internalization of 5-FAM-labeled LIQ is attributed to a mechanism that mostly involves endocytosis. In addition, LIQ promoted polymerization of tubulin and stabilized MTP in primary astroglia cells and also protected these cells against zinc toxicity. This excellent feature of cellular neuroprotection by LIQ provides a promising therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Pejman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Riazi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Pooyan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- Rooyan Darou Pharmaceutical Company, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Lanjanian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Xie J, Liang R, Wang Y, Huang J, Cao X, Niu B. Progress in Target Drug Molecules for Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:4-36. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191203113745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that 4 widespread in the elderly.
The etiology of AD is complicated, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Although there are many
researches on anti-AD drugs, they are limited to reverse relief symptoms and cannot treat diseases.
Therefore, the development of high-efficiency anti-AD drugs with no side effects has become an urgent
need. Based on the published literature, this paper summarizes the main targets of AD and their drugs,
and focuses on the research and development progress of these drugs in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayang Xie
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Ruirui Liang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yajiang Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Junyi Huang
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Zhongshan Hospital Institute of Clinical Science, Fudan University Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Niu
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
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Wu Y, Ye L, Yuan Y, Jiang T, Guo X, Wang Z, Xu K, Xu Z, Liu Y, Zhong X, Ye J, Zhang H, Li X, Xiao J. Autophagy Activation is Associated with Neuroprotection in Diabetes-associated Cognitive Decline. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1233-1245. [PMID: 31788335 PMCID: PMC6844589 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent cellular catabolic mechanism that mediates the turnover of dysfunctional organelles and aggregated proteins. It has a neuroprotective role on neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we hypothesized that autophagy may also have a neuroprotective role in diabetes-associated cognitive decline (DACD). In current study, we found that db/db mice display cognitive decline with inferior learning and memory function. The accumulation of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ1-42), which is a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD), was markedly higher in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), cornu ammon1 (CA1), and dentate gyrus (DG) areas of the hippocampus in db/db mice. Moreover, BDNF and microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP2) levels were lower in the hippocampus of db/db mice. However, there was no noticeable differences in the level of apoptosis in the hippocampus between control (CON) mice and db/db mice. Markers of autophagy in the hippocampus were elevated in db/db mice. The expression levels of ATG5, ATG7, and LC3B were higher, and the level of P62 was lower. An autophagy inhibitor, 3-MA, and ATG7 siRNA significantly reversed the activation of autophagy in vitro, which was accompanied with a higher level of apoptosis. Taken together, our current study suggests that diabetes is associated with cognitive decline, and activation of autophagy has a neuroprotective role in DACD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Wu
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libing Ye
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhouguang Wang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Xu
- The Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zeping Xu
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanlong Liu
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingfeng Zhong
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Junmin Ye
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jokar S, Khazaei S, Behnammanesh H, Shamloo A, Erfani M, Beiki D, Bavi O. Recent advances in the design and applications of amyloid-β peptide aggregation inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy. Biophys Rev 2019; 11:10.1007/s12551-019-00606-2. [PMID: 31713720 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-019-00606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurological disorder that progresses gradually and can cause severe cognitive and behavioral impairments. This disease is currently considered a social and economic incurable issue due to its complicated and multifactorial characteristics. Despite decades of extensive research, we still lack definitive AD diagnostic and effective therapeutic tools. Consequently, one of the most challenging subjects in modern medicine is the need for the development of new strategies for the treatment of AD. A large body of evidence indicates that amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide fibrillation plays a key role in the onset and progression of AD. Recent studies have reported that amyloid hypothesis-based treatments can be developed as a new approach to overcome the limitations and challenges associated with conventional AD therapeutics. In this review, we will provide a comprehensive view of the challenges in AD therapy and pathophysiology. We also discuss currently known compounds that can inhibit amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation and their potential role in advancing current AD treatments. We have specifically focused on Aβ aggregation inhibitors including metal chelators, nanostructures, organic molecules, peptides (or peptide mimics), and antibodies. To date, these molecules have been the subject of numerous in vitro and in vivo assays as well as molecular dynamics simulations to explore their mechanism of action and the fundamental structural groups involved in Aβ aggregation. Ultimately, the aim of these studies (and current review) is to achieve a rational design for effective therapeutic agents for AD treatment and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safura Jokar
- Department of Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BOX: 14155-6559, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Khazaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials , Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BOX: 14155-6559, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Behnammanesh
- Department of Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BOX: 14155-6559, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shamloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box: 11365-11155, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O. Box: 14155-1339, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Beiki
- Research Center for Nuclear Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. BOX: 14155-6559, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Bavi
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, P.O. Box: 71555-313, Shiraz, Iran.
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Amir Mishan M, Rezaei Kanavi M, Shahpasand K, Ahmadieh H. Pathogenic Tau Protein Species: Promising Therapeutic Targets for Ocular Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2019; 14:491-505. [PMID: 31875105 PMCID: PMC6825701 DOI: 10.18502/jovr.v14i4.5459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein, which is highly expressed in the central nervous system as well as ocular neurons and stabilizes microtubule structure. It is a phospho-protein being moderately phosphorylated under physiological conditions but its abnormal hyperphosphorylation or some post-phosphorylation modifications would result in a pathogenic condition, microtubule dissociation, and aggregation. The aggregates can induce neuroinflammation and trigger some pathogenic cascades, leading to neurodegeneration. Taking these together, targeting pathogenic tau employing tau immunotherapy may be a promising therapeutic strategy in fighting with cerebral and ocular neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amir Mishan
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Rezaei Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koorosh Shahpasand
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ahmadieh
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Duggal P, Mehan S. Neuroprotective Approach of Anti-Cancer Microtubule Stabilizers Against Tauopathy Associated Dementia: Current Status of Clinical and Preclinical Findings. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2019; 3:179-218. [PMID: 31435618 PMCID: PMC6700530 DOI: 10.3233/adr-190125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal microtubule (MT) tau protein provides cytoskeleton to neuronal cells and plays a vital role including maintenance of cell shape, intracellular transport, and cell division. Tau hyperphosphorylation mediates MT destabilization resulting in axonopathy and neurotransmitter deficit, and ultimately causing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a dementing disorder affecting vast geriatric populations worldwide, characterized by the existence of extracellular amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles in a hyperphosphorylated state. Pre-clinically, streptozotocin stereotaxically mimics the behavioral and biochemical alterations similar to AD associated with tau pathology resulting in MT assembly defects, which proceed neuropathological cascades. Accessible interventions like cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA antagonist clinically provides only symptomatic relief. Involvement of microtubule stabilizers (MTS) prevents tauopathy particularly by targeting MT oriented cytoskeleton and promotes polymerization of tubulin protein. Multiple in vitro and in vivo research studies have shown that MTS can hold substantial potential for the treatment of AD-related tauopathy dementias through restoration of tau function and axonal transport. Moreover, anti-cancer taxane derivatives and epothiolones may have potential to ameliorate MT destabilization and prevent the neuronal structural and functional alterations associated with tauopathies. Therefore, this current review strictly focuses on exploration of various clinical and pre-clinical features available for AD to understand the neuropathological mechanisms as well as introduce pharmacological interventions associated with MT stabilization. MTS from diverse natural sources continue to be of value in the treatment of cancer, suggesting that these agents have potential to be of interest in the treatment of AD-related tauopathy dementia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Duggal
- Neuropharmacology Division, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Neuropharmacology Division, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
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Venkatramani A, Panda D. Regulation of neuronal microtubule dynamics by tau: Implications for tauopathies. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 133:473-483. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Rösler TW, Tayaranian Marvian A, Brendel M, Nykänen NP, Höllerhage M, Schwarz SC, Hopfner F, Koeglsperger T, Respondek G, Schweyer K, Levin J, Villemagne VL, Barthel H, Sabri O, Müller U, Meissner WG, Kovacs GG, Höglinger GU. Four-repeat tauopathies. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 180:101644. [PMID: 31238088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein with versatile functions in the dynamic assembly of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Four-repeat (4R-) tauopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases defined by cytoplasmic inclusions predominantly composed of tau protein isoforms with four microtubule-binding domains. Progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, argyrophilic grain disease or glial globular tauopathy belong to the group of 4R-tauopathies. The present review provides an introduction in the current concept of 4R-tauopathies, including an overview of the neuropathological and clinical spectrum of these diseases. It describes the genetic and environmental etiological factors, as well as the contemporary knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms, including post-translational modifications, aggregation and fragmentation of tau, as well as the role of protein degradation mechanisms. Furthermore, current theories about disease propagation are discussed, involving different extracellular tau species and their cellular release and uptake mechanisms. Finally, molecular diagnostic tools for 4R-tauopathies, including tau-PET and fluid biomarkers, and investigational therapeutic strategies are presented. In summary, we report on 4R-tauopathies as overarching disease concept based on a shared pathophysiological concept, and highlight the challenges and opportunities on the way towards a causal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Rösler
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Amir Tayaranian Marvian
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Niko-Petteri Nykänen
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Höllerhage
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid C Schwarz
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Koeglsperger
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Gesine Respondek
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Kerstin Schweyer
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Levin
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Victor L Villemagne
- Dept. of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health, Heidelberg, VIC, 3084, Australia; The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Dept. of Medicine, Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Henryk Barthel
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Osama Sabri
- Dept. of Nuclear Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulrich Müller
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Wassilios G Meissner
- Service de Neurologie, CHU Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Université de Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Dept. of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand; New Zealand Brain Research Institute, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabor G Kovacs
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Dept. of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada; Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Krembil Brain Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Günter U Höglinger
- Dept. of Translational Neurodegeneration, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany; Dept. of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Panza F, Imbimbo BP, Lozupone M, Greco A, Seripa D, Logroscino G, Daniele A, Colosimo C. Disease-modifying therapies for tauopathies: agents in the pipeline. Expert Rev Neurother 2019; 19:397-408. [PMID: 30973276 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2019.1606715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tauopathies are heterogeneous clinicopathological entities characterized by abnormal neuronal and/or glial inclusions of the microtubule-binding protein tau. Primary tauopathies considered to be diseases correspond to a major class of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) neuropathology (FTLD-Tau), including several forms of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndromes. Little progress has been made in the past 20 years in developing effective disease-modifying drugs for primary tauopathies and available symptomatic treatments have limited efficacy. Areas covered: Potential disease-modifying drugs in clinical development to slow neuropathological progression of primary tauopathies. Expert opinion: Since the underlying pathology of primary tauopathies consists of abnormal tau protein aggregates, treatments are being developed to interfere with the aggregation process or to promote the clearance of this protein. Unfortunately, disease-modifying treatments remain years away as demonstrated by the recent negative Phase III findings of a tau aggregation inhibitor (LMTM) for treating the behavioral variant of FTD. Further evidence will come from ongoing Phase I/II trials on novel drugs and immunotherapeutics with various targets - prevention of deposition or removal of tau aggregates, inhibition of tau phosphorylation/acetylation, modulation of O-GlcNAcylation, activation of autophagy or ubiquitin-proteasome system pathways, and rescue of selected tau loss of function or suppression of tau gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy.,c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- d Department of Research and Development , Chiesi Farmaceutici , Parma , Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- c Geriatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS , "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- e Institute of Neurology , Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy.,f Institute of Neurology , Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Carlo Colosimo
- g Department of Neurological Sciences , Santa Maria University Hospital , Terni , Italy
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Logroscino G, Imbimbo BP, Lozupone M, Sardone R, Capozzo R, Battista P, Zecca C, Dibello V, Giannelli G, Bellomo A, Greco A, Daniele A, Seripa D, Panza F. Promising therapies for the treatment of frontotemporal dementia clinical phenotypes: from symptomatic to disease-modifying drugs. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:1091-1107. [PMID: 31002267 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1598377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a heterogeneous clinical entity that includes several disorders characterized by different cellular mechanisms. Distinctive clinical features in FTD include behavioral, affective, and cognitive symptoms. Unfortunately, little progress has been made over the past 20 years in terms of the development of effective disease-modifying drugs with the currently available symptomatic treatments having limited clinical utility. AREAS COVERED This article reviews the principal pharmacological intervention studies for FTD. These are predominantly randomized clinical trials and include symptomatic treatments and potential disease-modifying drugs. EXPERT OPINION There is insufficient evidence on effective treatments for FTD and studies with better methodological backgrounds are needed. Most studies reporting therapeutic benefits were conducted with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, while anti-dementia drugs have been ineffective in FTD. Since the underlying pathology of FTD mostly consists of abnormal tau protein or TDP-43 aggregates, treatments are being developed to interfere with their aggregation process or with the clearance of these proteins. Furthermore, disease-modifying treatments remain years away as demonstrated by the recent negative Phase III findings of a tau aggregation inhibitor (LMTM) for treating the behavioral variant of FTD. The results from current ongoing Phase I/II trials will hopefully give light to future treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Logroscino
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy
| | - Bruno P Imbimbo
- c Department of Research and Development , Chiesi Farmaceutici , Parma , Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- d National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" , Research Hospital , Castellana Grotte Bari , Italy
| | - Rosa Capozzo
- b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy
| | - Petronilla Battista
- e Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri SPA SB, IRCCS , Institute of Cassano Murge , Bari , Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- d National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" , Research Hospital , Castellana Grotte Bari , Italy.,f Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), Section of Dentistry , University of Bari AldoMoro , Bari , Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- d National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" , Research Hospital , Castellana Grotte Bari , Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- g Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- h Geriatric Unit , Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- i Institute of Neurology , Catholic University of Sacred Heart , Rome , Italy.,j Institute of Neurology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- h Geriatric Unit , Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
| | - Francesco Panza
- a Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain , University of Bari "Aldo Moro", "Pia Fondazione Cardinale G. Panico" , Lecce , Italy.,d National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis" , Research Hospital , Castellana Grotte Bari , Italy.,h Geriatric Unit , Fondazione IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" , Foggia , Italy
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Ivashko-Pachima Y, Maor-Nof M, Gozes I. NAP (davunetide) preferential interaction with dynamic 3-repeat Tau explains differential protection in selected tauopathies. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213666. [PMID: 30865715 PMCID: PMC6415897 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The microtubule (MT) associated protein Tau is instrumental for the regulation of MT assembly and dynamic instability, orchestrating MT-dependent cellular processes. Aberration in Tau post-translational modifications ratio deviation of spliced Tau isoforms 3 or 4 MT binding repeats (3R/4R) have been implicated in neurodegenerative tauopathies. Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is vital for brain formation and cognitive function. ADNP deficiency in mice causes pathological Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, correlated with impaired cognitive functions. It has been previously shown that the ADNP-derived peptide NAP protects against ADNP deficiency, exhibiting neuroprotection, MT interaction and memory protection. NAP prevents MT degradation by recruitment of Tau and end-binding proteins to MTs and expression of these proteins is required for NAP activity. Clinically, NAP (davunetide, CP201) exhibited efficacy in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease patients (Tau3R/4R tauopathy) but not in progressive supranuclear palsy (increased Tau4R tauopathy). Here, we examined the potential preferential interaction of NAP with 3R vs. 4R Tau, toward personalized treatment of tauopathies. Affinity-chromatography showed that NAP preferentially interacted with Tau3R protein from rat brain extracts and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching assay indicated that NAP induced increased recruitment of human Tau3R to MTs under zinc intoxication, in comparison to Tau4R. Furthermore, we showed that NAP interaction with tubulin (MTs) was inhibited by obstruction of Tau-binding sites on MTs, confirming the requirement of Tau-MT interaction for NAP activity. The preferential interaction of NAP with Tau3R may explain clinical efficacy in mixed vs. Tau4R pathologies, and suggest effectiveness in Tau3R neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Ivashko-Pachima
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Maor-Nof
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Illana Gozes
- Elton Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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38
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Sragovich S, Malishkevich A, Piontkewitz Y, Giladi E, Touloumi O, Lagoudaki R, Grigoriadis N, Gozes I. The autism/neuroprotection-linked ADNP/NAP regulate the excitatory glutamatergic synapse. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:2. [PMID: 30664622 PMCID: PMC6341082 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0357-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), essential for brain formation, was discovered as a leading de novo mutated gene causing the autism-like ADNP syndrome. This syndrome is phenotypically characterized by global developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, speech impediments, and motor dysfunctions. The Adnp haploinsufficient mouse mimics the human ADNP syndrome in terms of synapse density and gene expression patterns, as well as in developmental, motor, and cognitive abilities. Peripheral ADNP was also discovered as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia, with nasal administration of the ADNP snippet peptide NAP (enhancing endogenous ADNP activity) leading to partial cognitive and functional protection at the cellular, animal and clinical settings. Here, a novel formulation for effective delivery of NAP is provided with superior brain penetration capabilities. Also provided are methods for treating pertinent clinical implications such as autism, cognitive impairments, olfactory deficits, and muscle strength using the formulation in the Adnp haploinsufficient mouse. Results showed a dramatically specific increase in brain/body bioavailability with the new formulation, without breaching the blood brain barrier. Additional findings included improvements using daily intranasal treatments with NAP, at the behavioral and brain structural levels, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), translatable to clinical practice. Significant effects on hippocampal and cerebral cortical expression of the presynaptic Slc17a7 gene encoding vesicular excitatory glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) were observed at the RNA and immunohistochemical levels, explaining the DTI results. These findings tie for the first time a reduction in presynaptic glutamatergic synapses with the autism/Alzheimer's/schizophrenia-linked ADNP deficiency coupled with amelioration by NAP (CP201).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo Sragovich
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Malishkevich
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Piontkewitz
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37The Alfredo Federico Strauss Center for Computational Neuroimaging, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eliezer Giladi
- 0000 0004 1937 0546grid.12136.37Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Olga Touloumi
- 0000000109457005grid.4793.9Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Roza Lagoudaki
- 0000000109457005grid.4793.9Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- 0000000109457005grid.4793.9Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Illana Gozes
- Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Elton Laboratory for Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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39
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Yang MH, Chen SC, Lin YF, Lee YC, Huang MY, Chen KC, Wu HY, Lin PC, Gozes I, Tyan YC. Reduction of aluminum ion neurotoxicity through a small peptide application - NAP treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:551-564. [PMID: 30987727 PMCID: PMC9296191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in late life. It is difficult to precisely diagnose AD at early stages, making biomarker search essential for further developments. The objective of this study was to identify protein biomarkers associated with aluminum ions toxicity (AD-like toxicity) in a human neuroblastoma cell model, SH-SY5Y and assess potential prevention by NAP (NAPVSIPQ). Complete proteomic techniques were implemented. Four proteins were identified as up-regulated with aluminum ion treatment, CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor (CTIF), Early endosome antigen 1 (EEA1), Leucine-rich repeat neuronal protein 4 (LRRN4) and Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta (PI3KR2). Of these four proteins, EEA1 and PI3KR2 were down-regulated after NAP-induced neuroprotective activity in neuroblastoma cells. Thus, aluminum ions may increase the risk for neurotoxicity in AD, and the use of NAP is suggested as a treatment to provide additional protection against the effects of aluminum ions, via EEA1 and PI3KR2, associated with sorting and processing of the AD amyloid precursor protein (APP) through the endosomal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hui Yang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Chen
- Office of Research and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fen Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Wu
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Illana Gozes
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Adams Super Center for Brain Studies and Sagol School for Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
| | - Yu-Chang Tyan
- Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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Madav Y, Wairkar S, Prabhakar B. Recent therapeutic strategies targeting beta amyloid and tauopathies in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146:171-184. [PMID: 30634016 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a global concern for years due to its severe implications that affects the quality of life of the patients. The available line of therapy for treating Alzheimer's includes acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA(N-methyl-D-aspartate) antagonists and their combination which gives only symptomatic relief rather than treating the root cause of AD. Senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles are the characteristic features underlying Alzheimer's pathology. Several attempts have been made towards exploring the niceties of these hallmarks and targeting various aspects of amyloid and tau pathology at different stages to eliminate the ultimate cause. Approaches targeting cleavage and formation of toxic amyloid fragments by secretases, aggregation of amyloid monofilaments, and immunotherapy against amyloid deposits has been extensively studied to treat amyloid pathology. Similarly, for tau pathology, tau hyperphosphorylation, microtubule stabilization, anti-tau immunotherapy has been explored. This article focuses on AD pathology and current pharmacotherapy, precisely for amyloid and tau. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical studies along with potential leads discovered under these approaches have also been included in this article. However, despite extensive research in drug development, overcoming clinical barrier still remain a major challenge for Alzheimer's pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Madav
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Sarika Wairkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India
| | - Bala Prabhakar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKMs NMIMS, V.L.Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400056, India.
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41
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Nishioka C, Liang HF, Barsamian B, Sun SW. Amyloid-beta induced retrograde axonal degeneration in a mouse tauopathy model. Neuroimage 2019; 189:180-191. [PMID: 30630081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter abnormalities, revealed by Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI), are observed in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), representing neural network deficits that underlie gradual cognitive decline in patients. However, how DTI changes related to the development of Amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathology, two key hallmarks of AD, remain elusive. We hypothesized that tauopathy induced by Aβ could initiate an axonal degeneration, leading to DTI-detectable white matter abnormalities. We utilized the visual system of the transgenic p301L tau mice as a model system. Aβ was injected in Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN), where the Retinal Ganglion Cell (RGC) axons terminate. Longitudinal DTI was conducted to detect changes in the optic tract (OT) and optic nerve (ON), containing the distal and proximal segments of RGC axons, respectively. Our results showed DTI changes in OT (significant 13.2% reduction in axial diffusion, AxD vs. vehicle controls) followed by significant alterations in ON AxD and fractional anisotropy, FA. Histology data revealed loss of synapses, RGC axons and cell bodies resulting from the Aβ injection. We further tested whether microtubule-stabilizing compound Epothilone D (EpoD) could ameliorate the damage. EpoD co-treatment with Aβ was sufficient to prevent Aβ-induced axon and cell loss. Using an acute injection paradigm, our data suggest that EpoD may mediate its protective effect by blocking localized, acute Aβ-induced tau phosphorylation. This study demonstrates white matter disruption resulting from localized Aβ, the importance of tau pathology induction to changes in white matter connectivity, and the use of EpoD as a potential therapeutic avenue to prevent the axon loss in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Nishioka
- Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Hsiao-Fang Liang
- Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA
| | - Barsam Barsamian
- Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Shu-Wei Sun
- Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, USA; Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, CA, USA.
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42
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Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a common young-onset dementia presenting with heterogeneous and distinct syndromes. It is characterized by progressive deficits in behavior, language, and executive function. The disease may exhibit similar characteristics to many psychiatric disorders owing to its prominent behavioral features. The concept of precision medicine has recently emerged, and it involves neurodegenerative disease treatment that is personalized to match an individual's specific pattern of neuroimaging, neuropathology, and genetic variability. In this paper, the pathophysiology underlying FTD, which is characterized by the selective degeneration of the frontal and temporal cortices, is reviewed. We also discuss recent advancements in FTD research from the perspectives of clinical, imaging, molecular characterizations, and treatment. This review focuses on the approach of precision medicine to manage the clinical and biological complexities of FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-N Liu
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Memory and Aging Centre, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Chi-Ieong Lau
- Department of Neurology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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43
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Zhang B, Yao Y, Cornec AS, Oukoloff K, James MJ, Koivula P, Trojanowski JQ, Smith AB, Lee VMY, Ballatore C, Brunden KR. A brain-penetrant triazolopyrimidine enhances microtubule-stability, reduces axonal dysfunction and decreases tau pathology in a mouse tauopathy model. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:59. [PMID: 30404654 PMCID: PMC6223064 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related tauopathies are neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by the presence of insoluble inclusions of the protein tau within brain neurons and often glia. Tau is normally found associated with axonal microtubules (MTs) in the brain, and in tauopathies this MT binding is diminished due to tau hyperphosphorylation. As MTs play a critical role in the movement of cellular constituents within neurons via axonal transport, it is likely that the dissociation of tau from MTs alters MT structure and axonal transport, and there is evidence of this in tauopathy mouse models as well as in AD brain. We previously demonstrated that different natural products which stabilize MTs by interacting with β-tubulin at the taxane binding site provide significant benefit in transgenic mouse models of tauopathy. More recently, we have reported on a series of MT-stabilizing triazolopyrimidines (TPDs), which interact with β-tubulin at the vinblastine binding site, that exhibit favorable properties including brain penetration and oral bioavailability. Here, we have examined a prototype TPD example, CNDR-51657, in a secondary prevention study utilizing aged tau transgenic mice. METHODS 9-Month old female PS19 mice with a low amount of existing tau pathology received twice-weekly administration of vehicle, or 3 or 10 mg/kg of CNDR-51657, for 3 months. Mice were examined in the Barnes maze at the end of the dosing period, and brain tissue and optic nerves were examined immunohistochemically or biochemically for changes in MT density, axonal dystrophy, and tau pathology. Mice were also assessed for changes in organ weights and blood cell numbers. RESULTS CNDR-51657 caused a significant amelioration of the MT deficit and axonal dystrophy observed in vehicle-treated aged PS19 mice. Moreover, PS19 mice receiving CNDR-51657 had significantly lower tau pathology, with a trend toward improved Barnes maze performance. Importantly, no adverse effects were observed in the compound-treated mice, including no change in white blood cell counts as is often observed in cancer patients receiving high doses of MT-stabilizing drugs. CONCLUSIONS A brain-penetrant MT-stabilizing TPD can safely correct MT and axonal deficits in an established mouse model of tauopathy, resulting in reduced tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yuemang Yao
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Anne-Sophie Cornec
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Killian Oukoloff
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Michael J James
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Pyry Koivula
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6323, USA
| | - Virginia M-Y Lee
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Kurt R Brunden
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Varidaki A, Hong Y, Coffey ET. Repositioning Microtubule Stabilizing Drugs for Brain Disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:226. [PMID: 30135644 PMCID: PMC6092511 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule stabilizing agents are among the most clinically useful chemotherapeutic drugs. Mostly, they act to stabilize microtubules and inhibit cell division. While not without side effects, new generations of these compounds display improved pharmacokinetic properties and brain penetrance. Neurological disorders are intrinsically associated with microtubule defects, and efforts to reposition microtubule-targeting chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of neurodegenerative and psychiatric illnesses are underway. Here we catalog microtubule regulators that are associated with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, schizophrenia and mood disorders. We outline the classes of microtubule stabilizing agents used for cancer treatment, their brain penetrance properties and neuropathy side effects, and describe efforts to apply these agents for treatment of brain disorders. Finally, we summarize the current state of clinical trials for microtubule stabilizing agents under evaluation for central nervous system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemis Varidaki
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Biocity, Tykistokatu, Turku, Finland
| | - Ye Hong
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Biocity, Tykistokatu, Turku, Finland
| | - Eleanor T Coffey
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Åbo Akademi University and University of Turku, Biocity, Tykistokatu, Turku, Finland
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, the most common cause of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by amyloid-beta deposits in extracellular plaques, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of aggregated tau, synaptic dysfunction and neuronal death. Transgenic rodent models to study Alzheimer’s mimic features of human disease such as age-dependent accumulation of abnormal beta-amyloid and tau, synaptic dysfunction, cognitive deficits and neurodegeneration. These models have proven vital for improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying AD and for identifying promising therapeutic approaches. However, modelling neurodegenerative disease in animals commonly involves aging animals until they develop harmful phenotypes, often coupled with invasive procedures. We have developed a novel organotypic brain slice culture model to study Alzheimer’s disease using 3xTg-AD mice which brings the potential of substantially reducing the number of rodents used in dementia research from an estimated 20,000 per year. Using a McIllwain tissue chopper, we obtain 36 x 350 micron slices from each P8-P9 mouse pup for culture between 2 weeks and 6 months on semi-permeable 0.4 micron pore membranes, considerably reducing the numbers of animals required to investigate multiple stages of disease. This tractable model also allows the opportunity to modulate multiple pathways in tissues from a single animal. We believe that this model will most benefit dementia researchers in the academic and drug discovery sectors. We validated the slice culture model against aged mice, showing that the molecular phenotype closely mimics that displayed
in vivo, albeit in an accelerated timescale. We showed beneficial outcomes following treatment of slices with agents previously shown to have therapeutic effects
in vivo, and we also identified new mechanisms of action of other compounds. Thus, organotypic brain slice cultures from transgenic mouse models expressing Alzheimer’s disease-related genes may provide a valid and sensitive replacement for
in vivo studies that do not involve behavioural analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Croft
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.,Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Wendy Noble
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 9RX, UK
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Gozes I, Ivashko-Pachima Y, Sayas CL. ADNP, a Microtubule Interacting Protein, Provides Neuroprotection Through End Binding Proteins and Tau: An Amplifier Effect. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:151. [PMID: 29765303 PMCID: PMC5938608 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Illana Gozes
- The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Dr. Diana and Zelman Elton (Elbaum) Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yanina Ivashko-Pachima
- The Lily and Avraham Gildor Chair for the Investigation of Growth Factors, Dr. Diana and Zelman Elton (Elbaum) Laboratory for Molecular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience and Adams Super Center for Brain Studies, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Carmen L Sayas
- Centre for Biomedical Research of the Canary Islands, Institute for Biomedical Technologies, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
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47
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Medina M. An Overview on the Clinical Development of Tau-Based Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041160. [PMID: 29641484 PMCID: PMC5979300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tauopathies such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration, or progressive supranuclear palsy constitute a group of brain disorders defined by neurodegeneration and the presence of tau aggregates in the affected brains regions. Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that accumulates in the cytosol under pathological conditions, steering the formation of aggregates or inclusions thought to be involved in the degeneration and neuronal death associated with these diseases. Despite a substantial and unmet medical need for novel, more effective disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of AD and tauopathies, the last couple of decades have seen numerous drug development undertakings primarily focused on β-amyloid, with disappointing results to date. On the other hand, tau-focused approaches have not received much attention until recently, notwithstanding that the presence of extensive tau pathology is fundamental for the disease and tau pathology shows a better correlation with impaired cognitive function than with amyloid pathology in AD patients. The last few years have brought us advances in our comprehension of tau biological functions beyond its well-established role as a microtubule-associated protein, unveiling novel physiological tau functions that may also be involved in pathogenesis and thus provide novel targets for therapeutic intervention. This review describes several emerging, encouraging therapeutic approaches aimed at tackling the underlying causes of tau pathology in AD and other tauopathies that have recently reached the clinical development stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Medina
- Network Center for Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Queen Sofia Foundation Alzheimer Center, CIEN Foundation, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28031 Madrid, Spain.
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Nadimidla K, Ismail T, Kanapathipillai M. Tau peptides and tau mutant protein aggregation inhibition by cationic polyethyleneimine and polyarginine. Biopolymers 2018; 107. [PMID: 28456996 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Tau protein plays a major role in Alzheimer's disease. The tau protein loses its functionality by self-aggregation due to the two six-amino acid sequences VQIVYK and VQIINK of the protein. Hence it is imperative to find therapeutics that could inhibit the self-aggregation of this tau peptide fragments. Here, we study the inhibitory potential of a cationic polymer polyethyleneimine (PEI) and a cationic polypeptide arginine (Arg) on the aggregation of VQIVYK, and GKVQIINKLDL peptides, and tau mutant protein (P301L), found frequently in taupathy. Various characterization methods are employed including thioflavin S, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering to study the aggregation/inhibition process in vitro. Results show that PEI and Arg significantly inhibit tau peptides and protein aggregation. The study could be applied to understand tau protein aggregation mechanism in the presence of cationic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthi Nadimidla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
| | - Tania Ismail
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
| | - Mathumai Kanapathipillai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Bioengineering program), University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, 48128
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Ribarič S. Peptides as Potential Therapeutics for Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2018; 23:E283. [PMID: 29385735 PMCID: PMC6017258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular synthesis, folding, trafficking and degradation of proteins are controlled and integrated by proteostasis. The frequency of protein misfolding disorders in the human population, e.g., in Alzheimer's disease (AD), is increasing due to the aging population. AD treatment options are limited to symptomatic interventions that at best slow-down disease progression. The key biochemical change in AD is the excessive accumulation of per-se non-toxic and soluble amyloid peptides (Aβ(1-37/44), in the intracellular and extracellular space, that alters proteostasis and triggers Aβ modification (e.g., by reactive oxygen species (ROS)) into toxic intermediate, misfolded soluble Aβ peptides, Aβ dimers and Aβ oligomers. The toxic intermediate Aβ products aggregate into progressively less toxic and less soluble protofibrils, fibrils and senile plaques. This review focuses on peptides that inhibit toxic Aβ oligomerization, Aβ aggregation into fibrils, or stabilize Aβ peptides in non-toxic oligomers, and discusses their potential for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samo Ribarič
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zaloška 4, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Samaridou E, Alonso MJ. Nose-to-brain peptide delivery - The potential of nanotechnology. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:2888-2905. [PMID: 29170026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nose-to-brain (N-to-B) delivery offers to protein and peptide drugs the possibility to reach the brain in a non-invasive way. This article is a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art of this emerging peptide delivery route, as well as of the challenges associated to it. Emphasis is given on the potential of nanosized drug delivery carriers to enhance the direct N-to-B transport of protein or peptide drugs. In particular, polymer- and lipid- based nanocarriers are comparatively analyzed in terms of the influence of their physicochemical characteristics and composition on their in vivo fate and efficacy. The use of biorecognitive ligands and permeation enhancers in order to enhance their brain targeting efficiency is also discussed. The article concludes highlighting the early stage of this research field and its still unveiled potential. The final message is that more explicatory PK/PD studies are required in order to achieve the translation from preclinical to the clinical development phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Samaridou
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria José Alonso
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Av. Barcelona s/n, Campus Vida, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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