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Feng J, Xu X, Cai W, Yang X, Niu R, Han Z, Tian L. Inhibiting Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Suppresses NF-κB p65 Signaling and Reduces CXCL10 Expression as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:2579-2588. [PMID: 38478377 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is one of most common autoimmune thyroid diseases, its treatment remains focused on symptom relief. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) shows potential functions as a drug target in alleviating some autoimmune diseases; however, we seldom know its role in HT. METHODS The protein expression of sEH and related downstream molecules were evaluated by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, ELISA, or immunofluorescence staining. RNA sequencing of tissue samples was performed to analyze differential genes and dysregulated pathways in HT and controls. The thyroid follicular epithelial cells (TFECs) and rat HT model were used to verify the biological function of sEH and the inhibition role of adamantyl-ureido-dodecanoic acid (AUDA) in HT. RESULTS The sEH was significantly upregulated in HT patients compared with healthy individuals. Transcriptome sequencing showed cytokine-related pathways and chemokine expression; especially chemokine CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 were aberrant in HT patients. In TFECs and a rat HT model, blocking sEH by AUDA inhibitor could effectively inhibit the autoantibody, proinflammatory nuclear kappa factor B (NF-κB) signaling, chemokine CXCL10/CXCR3 expression, and type-1 helper CD4+ T cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that sEH/NF-κB p65/CXCL10-CXCR3 might be promising therapeutic targets for HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Xianghong Xu
- Department of Biotherapy Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Pathology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Xingwen Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Ruilan Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Ziqi Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
| | - Limin Tian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730099, China
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2
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Naeem Z, Zukunft S, Huard A, Hu J, Hammock BD, Weigert A, Frömel T, Fleming I. Role of the soluble epoxide hydrolase in keratinocyte proliferation and sensitivity of skin to inflammatory stimuli. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116127. [PMID: 38198951 PMCID: PMC10857809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lipid content of skin plays a determinant role in its barrier function with a particularly important role attributed to linoleic acid and its derivatives. Here we explored the consequences of interfering with the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) on skin homeostasis. sEH; which converts fatty acid epoxides generated by cytochrome P450 enzymes to their corresponding diols, was largely restricted to the epidermis which was enriched in sEH-generated diols. Global deletion of the sEH increased levels of epoxides, including the linoleic acid-derived epoxide; 12,13-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-EpOME), and increased basal keratinocyte proliferation. sEH deletion (sEH-/- mice) resulted in thicker differentiated spinous and corneocyte layers compared to wild-type mice, a hyperkeratosis phenotype that was reproduced in wild-type mice treated with a sEH inhibitor. sEH deletion made the skin sensitive to inflammation and sEH-/- mice developed thicker imiquimod-induced psoriasis plaques than the control group and were more prone to inflammation triggered by mechanical stress with pronounced infiltration and activation of neutrophils as well as vascular leak and increased 12,13-EpOME and leukotriene (LT) B4 levels. Topical treatment of LTB4 antagonist after stripping successfully inhibited inflammation and neutrophil infiltration both in wild type and sEH-/- skin. While 12,13-EpoME had no effect on the trans-endothelial migration of neutrophils, like LTB4, it effectively induced neutrophil adhesion and activation. These observations indicate that while the increased accumulation of neutrophils in sEH-deficient skin could be attributed to the increase in LTB4 levels, both 12,13-EpOME and LTB4 contribute to neutrophil activation. Our observations identify a protective role of the sEH in the skin and should be taken into account when designing future clinical trials with sEH inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumer Naeem
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Arnaud Huard
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Jiong Hu
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department of Embryology and Histology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; CardioPulmonary Institute, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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3
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Hanif A, Edin ML, Zeldin DC, Nayeem MA. Overexpression of Human Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Exacerbates Coronary Reactive Hyperemia Reduction in Angiotensin-II-Treated Mouse Hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:46-54. [PMID: 37788350 PMCID: PMC10841723 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH) is impaired in cardiovascular diseases, and angiotensin-II (Ang-II) exacerbates it. However, it is unknown how Ang-II affects CRH in Tie2-sEH Tr (human-sEH-overexpressed) versus wild-type (WT) mice. sEH-overexpression resulted in CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr versus WT. We hypothesized that Ang-II exacerbates CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr versus WT. The Langendorff system measured coronary flow in Tie2-sEH Tr and WT. The hearts were exposed to 15-second ischemia, and CRH was assessed in 10 mice each. Repayment volume was reduced by 40.50% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (7.42 ± 0.8 to 4.49 ± 0.8 mL/g) and 48% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (5.18 ± 0.4 to 2.68 ± 0.3 mL/g). Ang-II decreased repayment duration by 50% in WT-treated with Ang-II versus WT (2.46 ± 0.5 to 1.24 ± 0.4 minutes) and 54% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (1.66 ± 0.4 to 0.76 ± 0.2 minutes). Peak repayment flow was reduced by 11.2% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (35.98 ± 0.7 to 32.11 ± 1.4 mL/g) and 4% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (32.18 ± 0.6 to 30.89 ± 1.5 mL/g). Furthermore, coronary flow was reduced by 43% in WT treated with Ang-II versus WT (14.2 ± 0.5 to 8.15 ± 0.8 mL/min/g) and 32% in Tie2-sEH Tr treated with Ang-II versus Tie2-sEH Tr (12.1 ± 0.8 to 8.3 ± 1.2 mL/min/g). Moreover, the Ang-II-AT 1 -receptor and CYP4A were increased in Tie2-sEHTr. Our results demonstrate that Ang-II exacerbates CRH reduction in Tie2-sEH Tr mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hanif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew L. Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Darryl C. Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS/NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Mohammed A. Nayeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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4
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Pikuleva IA. Challenges and Opportunities in P450 Research on the Eye. Drug Metab Dispos 2023; 51:1295-1307. [PMID: 36914277 PMCID: PMC10506698 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.122.001072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Of the 57 cytochrome P450 enzymes found in humans, at least 30 have ocular tissues as an expression site. Yet knowledge of the roles of these P450s in the eye is limited, in part because only very few P450 laboratories expanded their research interests to studies of the eye. Hence the goal of this review is to bring attention of the P450 community to the eye and encourage more ocular studies. This review is also intended to be educational for eye researchers and encourage their collaborations with P450 experts. The review starts with a description of the eye, a fascinating sensory organ, and is followed by sections on ocular P450 localizations, specifics of drug delivery to the eye, and individual P450s, which are grouped and presented based on their substrate preferences. In sections describing individual P450s, available eye-relevant information is summarized and concluded by the suggestions on the opportunities in ocular studies of the discussed enzymes. Potential challenges are addressed as well. The conclusion section outlines several practical suggestions on how to initiate eye-related research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review focuses on the cytochrome P450 enzymes in the eye to encourage their ocular investigations and collaborations between P450 and eye researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Pikuleva
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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5
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Sar S, Mitra S, Panda P, Mandal SC, Ghosh N, Halder AK, Cordeiro MNDS. In Silico Modeling and Structural Analysis of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors for Enhanced Therapeutic Design. Molecules 2023; 28:6379. [PMID: 37687207 PMCID: PMC10490281 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a dual-functioning homodimeric enzyme with hydrolase and phosphatase activities, is known for its pivotal role in the hydrolysis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Inhibitors targeting sEH have shown promising potential in the treatment of various life-threatening diseases. In this study, we employed a range of in silico modeling approaches to investigate a diverse dataset of structurally distinct sEH inhibitors. Our primary aim was to develop predictive and validated models while gaining insights into the structural requirements necessary for achieving higher inhibitory potential. To accomplish this, we initially calculated molecular descriptors using nine different descriptor-calculating tools, coupled with stochastic and non-stochastic feature selection strategies, to identify the most statistically significant linear 2D-QSAR model. The resulting model highlighted the critical roles played by topological characteristics, 2D pharmacophore features, and specific physicochemical properties in enhancing inhibitory potential. In addition to conventional 2D-QSAR modeling, we implemented the Transformer-CNN methodology to develop QSAR models, enabling us to obtain structural interpretations based on the Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) algorithm. Moreover, a comprehensive 3D-QSAR analysis provided additional insights into the structural requirements of these compounds as potent sEH inhibitors. To validate the findings from the QSAR modeling studies, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using selected compounds from the dataset. The simulation results offered crucial insights into receptor-ligand interactions, supporting the predictions obtained from the QSAR models. Collectively, our work serves as an essential guideline for the rational design of novel sEH inhibitors with enhanced therapeutic potential. Importantly, all the in silico studies were performed using open-access tools to ensure reproducibility and accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuvam Sar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.S.)
| | - Soumya Mitra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.S.)
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Campus Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Durgapur 713206, India
| | - Parthasarathi Panda
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Campus Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Durgapur 713206, India
| | - Subhash C. Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.S.)
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.S.)
| | - Amit Kumar Halder
- Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Campus Dr. Meghnad Saha Sarani, Durgapur 713206, India
- LAQV@REQUIMTE—Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Natalia D. S. Cordeiro
- LAQV@REQUIMTE—Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Alba MM, Ebright B, Hua B, Slarve I, Zhou Y, Jia Y, Louie SG, Stiles BL. Eicosanoids and other oxylipins in liver injury, inflammation and liver cancer development. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1098467. [PMID: 36818443 PMCID: PMC9932286 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1098467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a malignancy developed from underlying liver disease that encompasses liver injury and metabolic disorders. The progression from these underlying liver disease to cancer is accompanied by chronic inflammatory conditions in which liver macrophages play important roles in orchestrating the inflammatory response. During this process, bioactive lipids produced by hepatocytes and macrophages mediate the inflammatory responses by acting as pro-inflammatory factors, as well as, playing roles in the resolution of inflammation conditions. Here, we review the literature discussing the roles of bioactive lipids in acute and chronic hepatic inflammation and progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario M. Alba
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brandon Ebright
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Brittney Hua
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Ielyzaveta Slarve
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yiren Zhou
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Yunyi Jia
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Stan G. Louie
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States
| | - Bangyan L. Stiles
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, Unites States,*Correspondence: Bangyan L. Stiles,
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7
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Lipid mediators generated by the cytochrome P450—Epoxide hydrolase pathway. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:327-373. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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8
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Nayeem MA, Geldenhuys WJ, Hanif A. Role of cytochrome P450-epoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase in the regulation of vascular response. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:37-131. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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9
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Lopez M, Malacarne PF, Ramanujam DP, Warwick T, Müller N, Hu J, Dewenter M, Weigert A, Günther S, Gilsbach R, Engelhardt S, Brandes RP, Rezende F. Endothelial deletion of the cytochrome P450 reductase leads to cardiac remodelling. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1056369. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1056369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 reductase (POR) transfers electrons to all microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450) thereby driving their activity. In the vascular system, the POR/CYP450 system has been linked to the production of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) but also to the generation of reactive oxygen species. In cardiac myocytes (CMs), EETs have been shown to modulate the cardiac function and have cardioprotective effects. The functional importance of the endothelial POR/CYP450 system in the heart is unclear and was studied here using endothelial cell-specific, inducible knockout mice of POR (ecPOR−/−). RNA sequencing of murine cardiac cells revealed a cell type-specific expression of different CYP450 homologues. Cardiac endothelial cells mainly expressed members of the CYP2 family which produces EETs, and of the CYP4 family that generates omega fatty acids. Tamoxifen-induced endothelial deletion of POR in mice led to cardiac remodelling under basal conditions, as shown by an increase in heart weight to body weight ratio and an increased CM area as compared to control animals. Endothelial deletion of POR was associated with a significant increase in endothelial genes linked to protein synthesis with no changes in genes of the oxidative stress response. CM of ecPOR−/− mice exhibited attenuated expression of genes linked to mitochondrial function and an increase in genes related to cardiac myocyte contractility. In a model of pressure overload (transverse aortic constriction, TAC with O-rings), ecPOR−/− mice exhibited an accelerated reduction in cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV) as compared to control mice. These results suggest that loss of endothelial POR along with a reduction in EETs leads to an increase in vascular stiffness and loss in cardioprotection, resulting in cardiac remodelling.
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Nayeem MA, Hanif A, Geldenhuys WJ, Agba S. Crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in the modulation of cardiovascular, including coronary reactive hyperemic response. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108213. [PMID: 35597366 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous endogenous nucleoside or autacoid that affects the cardiovascular system through the activation of four G-protein coupled receptors: adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR), adenosine A2A receptor (A2AAR), adenosine A2B receptor (A2BAR), and adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR). With the rapid generation of this nucleoside from cellular metabolism and the widespread distribution of its four G-protein coupled receptors in almost all organs and tissues of the body, this autacoid induces multiple physiological as well as pathological effects, not only regulating the cardiovascular system but also the central nervous system, peripheral vascular system, and immune system. Mounting evidence shows the role of CYP450-enzymes in cardiovascular physiology and pathology, and the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450s can increase susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). One of the most important physiological roles of CYP450-epoxygenases (CYP450-2C & CYP2J2) is the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) and linoleic acid (LA) into epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and epoxyoctadecaenoic acid (EpOMEs) which generally involve in vasodilation. Like an increase in coronary reactive hyperemia (CRH), an increase in anti-inflammation, and cardioprotective effects. Moreover, the genetic polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases will change the beneficial cardiovascular effects of metabolites or oxylipins into detrimental effects. The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is another crucial enzyme ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and almost all organs and tissues. However, in contrast to CYP450-epoxygenases, sEH converts EETs into dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHETs), EpOMEs into dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acid (DiHOMEs), and others and reverses the beneficial effects of epoxy-fatty acids leading to vasoconstriction, reducing CRH, increase in pro-inflammation, increase in pro-thrombotic and become less cardioprotective. Therefore, polymorphisms in the sEH gene (Ephx2) cause the enzyme to become overactive, making it more vulnerable to CVDs, including hypertension. Besides the sEH, ω-hydroxylases (CYP450-4A11 & CYP450-4F2) derived metabolites from AA, ω terminal-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (19-, 20-HETE), lipoxygenase-derived mid-chain hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5-, 11-, 12-, 15-HETEs), and the cyclooxygenase-derived prostanoids (prostaglandins: PGD2, PGF2α; thromboxane: Txs, oxylipins) are involved in vasoconstriction, hypertension, reduction in CRH, pro-inflammation and cardiac toxicity. Interestingly, the interactions of adenosine receptors (A2AAR, A1AR) with CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, sEH, and their derived metabolites or oxygenated polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs or oxylipins) is shown in the regulation of the cardiovascular functions. In addition, much evidence demonstrates polymorphisms in CYP450-epoxygenases, ω-hydroxylases, and sEH genes (Ephx2) and adenosine receptor genes (ADORA1 & ADORA2) in the human population with the susceptibility to CVDs, including hypertension. CVDs are the number one cause of death globally, coronary artery disease (CAD) was the leading cause of death in the US in 2019, and hypertension is one of the most potent causes of CVDs. This review summarizes the articles related to the crosstalk between adenosine receptors and CYP450-derived oxylipins in vascular, including the CRH response in regular salt-diet fed and high salt-diet fed mice with the correlation of heart perfusate/plasma oxylipins. By using A2AAR-/-, A1AR-/-, eNOS-/-, sEH-/- or Ephx2-/-, vascular sEH-overexpressed (Tie2-sEH Tr), vascular CYP2J2-overexpressed (Tie2-CYP2J2 Tr), and wild-type (WT) mice. This review article also summarizes the role of pro-and anti-inflammatory oxylipins in cardiovascular function/dysfunction in mice and humans. Therefore, more studies are needed better to understand the crosstalk between the adenosine receptors and eicosanoids to develop diagnostic and therapeutic tools by using plasma oxylipins profiles in CVDs, including hypertensive cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A Nayeem
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Ahmad Hanif
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Faculties of the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Stephanie Agba
- Graduate student, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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11
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Shiraishi Y, Okada A, Chiba K, Kawachi A, Omori I, Mateos RN, Iida N, Yamauchi H, Kosaki K, Yoshimi A. Systematic identification of intron retention associated variants from massive publicly available transcriptome sequencing data. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5357. [PMID: 36175409 PMCID: PMC9522810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32887-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Many disease-associated genomic variants disrupt gene function through abnormal splicing. With the advancement of genomic medicine, identifying disease-associated splicing associated variants has become more important than ever. Most bioinformatics approaches to detect splicing associated variants require both genome and transcriptomic data. However, there are not many datasets where both of them are available. In this study, we develop a methodology to detect genomic variants that cause splicing changes (more specifically, intron retention), using transcriptome sequencing data alone. After evaluating its sensitivity and precision, we apply it to 230,988 transcriptome sequencing data from the publicly available repository and identified 27,049 intron retention associated variants (IRAVs). In addition, by exploring positional relationships with variants registered in existing disease databases, we extract 3,000 putative disease-associated IRAVs, which range from cancer drivers to variants linked with autosomal recessive disorders. The in-silico screening framework demonstrates the possibility of near-automatically acquiring medical knowledge, making the most of massively accumulated publicly available sequencing data. Collections of IRAVs identified in this study are available through IRAVDB ( https://iravdb.io/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Shiraishi
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Ai Okada
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Chiba
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Kawachi
- Cancer RNA Research Unit, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ikuko Omori
- Cancer RNA Research Unit, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raúl Nicolás Mateos
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Iida
- Division of Genome Analysis Platform Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamauchi
- Cancer RNA Research Unit, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kosaki
- Center for Medical Genetics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Yoshimi
- Cancer RNA Research Unit, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Montelukast and Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Endowed Drug. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091147. [PMID: 36145367 PMCID: PMC9500901 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a set of signs and symptoms caused by a reduction of coronary blood flow with subsequent myocardial ischemia. ACS is associated with activation of the leukotriene (LT) pathway with subsequent releases of various LTs, including LTB4, LTC4, and LTD4, which cause inflammatory changes and induction of immunothrombosis. LTs through cysteine leukotriene (CysLT) induce activation of platelets and clotting factors with succeeding coronary thrombosis. CysLT receptor (CysLTR) antagonists such as montelukast (MK) may reduce the risk of the development of ACS and associated complications through suppression of the activation of platelet and clotting factors. Thus, this critical review aimed to elucidate the possible protective role of MK in the management of ACS. The LT pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy, and heart failure. Inhibition of the LT pathway and CysL1TR by MK might be effective in preventing cardiovascular complications. MK could be an effective novel therapy in the management of ACS through inhibition of pro-inflammatory CysLT1R and modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways. MK can attenuate thrombotic events by inhibiting platelet activation and clotting factors that are activated during the development of ACS. In conclusion, MK could be an effective agent in reducing the severity of ACS and associated complications. Experimental, preclinical, and clinical studies are recommended to confirm the potential therapeutic of MK in the management of ACS.
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Montague B, Summers A, Bhawal R, Anderson ET, Kraus-Malett S, Zhang S, Goggs R. Identifying potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for dogs with sepsis using metabolomics and lipidomics analyses. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271137. [PMID: 35802586 PMCID: PMC9269464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge and is associated with morbidity and a high risk of death. Metabolomic and lipidomic profiling in sepsis can identify alterations in metabolism and might provide useful insights into the dysregulated host response to infection, but investigations in dogs are limited. We aimed to use untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics to characterize metabolic pathways in dogs with sepsis to identify therapeutic targets and potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In this prospective observational cohort study, we examined the plasma metabolomes and lipidomes of 20 healthy control dogs and compared them with those of 21 client-owned dogs with sepsis. Patient data including signalment, physical exam findings, clinicopathologic data and clinical outcome were recorded. Metabolites were identified using an untargeted mass spectrometry approach and pathway analysis identified multiple enriched metabolic pathways including pyruvaldehyde degradation; ketone body metabolism; the glucose-alanine cycle; vitamin-K metabolism; arginine and betaine metabolism; the biosynthesis of various amino acid classes including the aromatic amino acids; branched chain amino acids; and metabolism of glutamine/glutamate and the glycerophospholipid phosphatidylethanolamine. Metabolites were identified with high discriminant abilities between groups which could serve as potential biomarkers of sepsis including 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto Prostaglandin A2; 12(13)-DiHOME (12,13-dihydroxy-9Z-octadecenoic acid); and 9-HpODE (9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid). Metabolites with higher abundance in samples from nonsurvivors than survivors included 3-(2-hydroxyethyl) indole, indoxyl sulfate and xanthurenic acid. Untargeted lipidomic profiling revealed multiple sphingomyelin species (SM(d34:0)+H; SM(d36:0)+H; SM(d34:0)+HCOO; and SM(d34:1D3)+HCOO); lysophosphatidylcholine molecules (LPC(18:2)+H) and lipophosphoserine molecules (LPS(20:4)+H) that were discriminating for dogs with sepsis. These biomarkers could aid in the diagnosis of dogs with sepsis, provide prognostic information, or act as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Montague
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - April Summers
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Ruchika Bhawal
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth T. Anderson
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Sydney Kraus-Malett
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Robert Goggs
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Naeem Z, Zukunft S, Günther S, Liebner S, Weigert A, Hammock BD, Frömel T, Fleming I. Role of the soluble epoxide hydrolase in the hair follicle stem cell homeostasis and hair growth. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1021-1035. [PMID: 35648219 PMCID: PMC9393123 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02709-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are used as traditional remedies to treat hair loss, but the mechanisms underlying their beneficial effects are not well understood. Here, we explored the role of PUFA metabolites generated by the cytochrome P450/soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) pathway in the regulation of the hair follicle cycle. Histological analysis of the skin from wild-type and sEH−/− mice revealed that sEH deletion delayed telogen to anagen transition, and the associated activation of hair follicle stem cells. Interestingly, EdU labeling during the late anagen stage revealed that hair matrix cells from sEH−/− mice proliferated at a greater rate which translated into increased hair growth. Similar effects were observed in in vitro studies using hair follicle explants, where a sEH inhibitor was also able to augment whisker growth in follicles from wild-type mice. sEH activity in the dorsal skin was not constant but altered with the cell cycle, having the most prominent effects on levels of the linoleic acid derivatives 12,13-epoxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-EpOME), and 12,13-dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid (12,13-DiHOME). Fitting with this, the sEH substrate 12,13-EpOME significantly increased hair shaft growth in isolated anagen stage hair follicles, while its diol; 12,13-DiHOME, had no effect. RNA sequencing of isolated hair matrix cells implicated altered Wnt signaling in the changes associated with sEH deletion. Taken together, our data indicate that the activity of the sEH in hair follicle changes during the hair follicle cycle and impacts on two stem cell populations, i.e., hair follicle stem cells and matrix cells to affect telogen to anagen transition and hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zumer Naeem
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Zukunft
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Günther
- Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Liebner
- Institute of Neurology (Edinger-Institute), Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60528, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. .,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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15
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Leuillier M, Duflot T, Ménoret S, Messaoudi H, Djerada Z, Groussard D, Denis RG, Chevalier L, Karoui A, Panthu B, Thiébaut PA, Schmitz-Afonso I, Nobis S, Campart C, Henry T, Sautreuil C, Luquet SH, Beseme O, Féliu C, Peyret H, Nicol L, Henry JP, Renet S, Mulder P, Wan D, Tesson L, Heslan JM, Duché A, Jacques S, Ziegler F, Brunel V, Rautureau GJ, Monteil C, do Rego JL, do Rego JC, Afonso C, Hammock B, Madec AM, Pinet F, Richard V, Anegon I, Guignabert C, Morisseau C, Bellien J. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of the phosphatase activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase prevents obesity and cardiac ischemic injury. J Adv Res 2022; 43:163-174. [PMID: 36585106 PMCID: PMC9811321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the physiological role of the C-terminal hydrolase domain of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-H) is well investigated, the function of its N-terminal phosphatase activity (sEH-P) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess in vivo the physiological role of sEH-P. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate a novel knock-in (KI) rat line lacking the sEH-P activity. RESULTS The sEH-P KI rats has a decreased metabolism of lysophosphatidic acids to monoacyglycerols. KI rats grew almost normally but with less weight and fat mass gain while insulin sensitivity was increased compared to wild-type rats. This lean phenotype was more marked in males than in female KI rats and mainly due to decreased food consumption and enhanced energy expenditure. In fact, sEH-P KI rats had an increased lipolysis allowing to supply fatty acids as fuel to potentiate brown adipose thermogenesis under resting condition and upon cold exposure. The potentiation of thermogenesis was abolished when blocking PPARγ, a nuclear receptor activated by intracellular lysophosphatidic acids, but also when inhibiting simultaneously sEH-H, showing a functional interaction between the two domains. Furthermore, sEH-P KI rats fed a high-fat diet did not gain as much weight as the wild-type rats, did not have increased fat mass and did not develop insulin resistance or hepatic steatosis. In addition, sEH-P KI rats exhibited enhanced basal cardiac mitochondrial activity associated with an enhanced left ventricular contractility and were protected against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. CONCLUSION Our study reveals that sEH-P is a key player in energy and fat metabolism and contributes together with sEH-H to the regulation of cardiometabolic homeostasis. The development of pharmacological inhibitors of sEH-P appears of crucial importance to evaluate the interest of this promising therapeutic strategy in the management of obesity and cardiac ischemic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Leuillier
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Thomas Duflot
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France,Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, F-76000 Rouen, France,Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Pharmacogenetics, Rouen University Hospital, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Séverine Ménoret
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France,Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Platform, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Hind Messaoudi
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Zoubir Djerada
- Department of Pharmacology, EA 3801, SFR CAP-santé, Reims University Hospital, F-51095 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Déborah Groussard
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Raphaël G.P. Denis
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Centre National la Recherche scientifique, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Laurence Chevalier
- Normandie University, Unirouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Groupe de Physique des Matériaux-UMR6634, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Ahmed Karoui
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, ABTE, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Baptiste Panthu
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69600 Oullins, France
| | | | - Isabelle Schmitz-Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, F-76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France
| | - Séverine Nobis
- Animal Behavioral Platform (SCAC), HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandy, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Cynthia Campart
- Animal Behavioral Platform (SCAC), HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandy, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Tiphaine Henry
- Animal Behavioral Platform (SCAC), HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandy, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Camille Sautreuil
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245 and Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neonatal Paediatrics and Intensive Care, F-76000, Normandy Centre for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Rouen, France
| | - Serge H. Luquet
- Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative, Centre National la Recherche scientifique, Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Olivia Beseme
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Facteurs de risque et déterminants moléculaires des maladies liées au vieillissement, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Catherine Féliu
- Department of Pharmacology, EA 3801, SFR CAP-santé, Reims University Hospital, F-51095 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Peyret
- Department of Pharmacology, EA 3801, SFR CAP-santé, Reims University Hospital, F-51095 Reims Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Nicol
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Paul Henry
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sylvanie Renet
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Paul Mulder
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Laurent Tesson
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France,Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Platform, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Marie Heslan
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France,GenoCellEdit Platform, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Angéline Duché
- Institut Cochin, U1016 INSERM - UMR8104, CNRS - Université Paris Descartes, Genom'IC Platform, Bâtiment Gustave Roussy, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Jacques
- Institut Cochin, U1016 INSERM - UMR8104, CNRS - Université Paris Descartes, Genom'IC Platform, Bâtiment Gustave Roussy, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Ziegler
- Department of General Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Valéry Brunel
- Department of General Biochemistry, Rouen University Hospital, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Gilles J.P. Rautureau
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire à Très hauts Champs (FRE 2034, CNRS, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1), Université de Lyon, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc do Rego
- Animal Behavioral Platform (SCAC), HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandy, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Claude do Rego
- Animal Behavioral Platform (SCAC), HeRacLeS Inserm US51-CNRS UAR2026, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandy, F-76183 Rouen, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, F-76821, Mont-Saint-Aignan, Cedex, France
| | - Bruce Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Anne-Marie Madec
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69600 Oullins, France
| | - Florence Pinet
- Institut Cochin, U1016 INSERM - UMR8104, CNRS - Université Paris Descartes, Genom'IC Platform, Bâtiment Gustave Roussy, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Richard
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France,Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Ignacio Anegon
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, CNRS, SFR Santé, Inserm UMS 016, CNRS UMS 3556, F-44000 Nantes, France,Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, F-44000 Nantes, France,Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Platform, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Christophe Guignabert
- INSERM UMR_S 999, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, F-92350 Le Plessis-Robinson, France,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jérémy Bellien
- Normandy University, UniRouen, Inserm UMR1096 EnVI, FHU REMOD-VHF, F-76000 Rouen, France; Department of Pharmacology, Rouen University Hospital, F-76000 Rouen, France.
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16
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Smeets V, Gaigneaux EM, Debecker DP. Titanosilicate Epoxidation Catalysts: A Review of Challenges and Opportunities. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202101132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Smeets
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, Box L4.01.09 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Eric M. Gaigneaux
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, Box L4.01.09 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
| | - Damien P. Debecker
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN) Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain) Place Louis Pasteur 1, Box L4.01.09 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium
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17
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Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Serum Metabolic Signature of Childhood Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14010214. [PMID: 35011090 PMCID: PMC8747180 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates among children are growing rapidly worldwide, placing massive pressure on healthcare systems. Untargeted metabolomics can expand our understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and elucidate mechanisms related to its symptoms. However, the metabolic signatures of obesity in children have not been thoroughly investigated. Herein, we explored metabolites associated with obesity development in childhood. Untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed on fasting serum samples from 27 obese Caucasian children and adolescents and 15 sex- and age-matched normal-weight children. Three metabolomic assays were combined and yielded 726 unique identified metabolites: gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HILIC LC–MS/MS), and lipidomics. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed clear discrimination between the untargeted metabolomes of obese and normal-weight children, with 162 significantly differentially expressed metabolites between groups. Children with obesity had higher concentrations of branch-chained amino acids and various lipid metabolites, including phosphatidylcholines, cholesteryl esters, triglycerides. Thus, an early manifestation of obesity pathogenesis and its metabolic consequences in the serum metabolome are correlated with altered lipid metabolism. Obesity metabolite patterns in the adult population were very similar to the metabolic signature of childhood obesity. Identified metabolites could be potential biomarkers and used to study obesity pathomechanisms.
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18
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Regulation and functions of membrane lipids: Insights from Caenorhabditis elegans. BBA ADVANCES 2022; 2:100043. [PMID: 37082601 PMCID: PMC10074978 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2022.100043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The Caenorhabditis elegans plasma membrane is composed of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids with a small cholesterol. The C. elegans obtain the majority of the membrane lipids by modifying fatty acids present in the bacterial diet. The metabolic pathways of membrane lipid biosynthesis are well conserved across the animal kingdom. In C. elegans CDP-DAG and Kennedy pathway produce glycerophospholipids. Meanwhile, the sphingolipids are synthesized through a different pathway. They have evolved remarkably diverse mechanisms to maintain membrane lipid homeostasis. For instance, the lipid bilayer stress operates to accomplish homeostasis during any perturbance in the lipid composition. Meanwhile, the PAQR-2/IGLR-2 complex works with FLD-1 to balance unsaturated to saturated fatty acids to maintain membrane fluidity. The loss of membrane lipid homeostasis is observed in many human genetic and metabolic disorders. Since C. elegans conserved such genes and pathways, it can be used as a model organism.
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19
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Lillich FF, Willems S, Ni X, Kilu W, Borkowsky C, Brodsky M, Kramer JS, Brunst S, Hernandez-Olmos V, Heering J, Schierle S, Kestner RI, Mayser FM, Helmstädter M, Göbel T, Weizel L, Namgaladze D, Kaiser A, Steinhilber D, Pfeilschifter W, Kahnt AS, Proschak A, Chaikuad A, Knapp S, Merk D, Proschak E. Structure-Based Design of Dual Partial Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Agonists/Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:17259-17276. [PMID: 34818007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polypharmaceutical regimens often impair treatment of patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), a complex disease cluster, including obesity, hypertension, heart disease, and type II diabetes. Simultaneous targeting of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) synergistically counteracted MetS in various in vivo models, and dual sEH inhibitors/PPARγ agonists hold great potential to reduce the problems associated with polypharmacy in the context of MetS. However, full activation of PPARγ leads to fluid retention associated with edema and weight gain, while partial PPARγ agonists do not have these drawbacks. In this study, we designed a dual partial PPARγ agonist/sEH inhibitor using a structure-guided approach. Exhaustive structure-activity relationship studies lead to the successful optimization of the designed lead. Crystal structures of one representative compound with both targets revealed potential points for optimization. The optimized compounds exhibited favorable metabolic stability, toxicity, selectivity, and desirable activity in adipocytes and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix F Lillich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sabine Willems
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Xiaomin Ni
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Whitney Kilu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carmen Borkowsky
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mirko Brodsky
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan S Kramer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Steffen Brunst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Victor Hernandez-Olmos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Schierle
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Roxane-I Kestner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Franziska M Mayser
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Moritz Helmstädter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tamara Göbel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lilia Weizel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dmitry Namgaladze
- Institute of Biochemistry I, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid Kaiser
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Waltraud Pfeilschifter
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Astrid S Kahnt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anna Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Apirat Chaikuad
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Merk
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60596 Frankfurt, Germany
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20
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Frömel T, Naeem Z, Pirzeh L, Fleming I. Cytochrome P450-derived fatty acid epoxides and diols in angiogenesis and stem cell biology. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 234:108049. [PMID: 34848204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are frequently referred to as the third pathway for the metabolism of arachidonic acid. While it is true that these enzymes generate arachidonic acid epoxides i.e. the epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), they are able to accept a wealth of ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to generate a large range of regio- and stereo-isomers with distinct biochemical properties and physiological actions. Probably the best studied are the EETs which have well documented effects on vascular reactivity and angiogenesis. CYP enzymes can also participate in crosstalk with other PUFA pathways and metabolize prostaglandin G2 and H2, which are the precursors of effector prostaglandins, to affect macrophage function and lymphangiogenesis. The activity of the PUFA epoxides is thought to be kept in check by the activity of epoxide hydrolases. However, rather than being inactive, the diols generated have been shown to regulate neutrophil activation, stem and progenitor cell proliferation and Notch signaling in addition to acting as exercise-induced lipokines. Excessive production of PUFA diols has also been implicated in pathologies such as severe respiratory distress syndromes, including COVID-19, and diabetic retinopathy. This review highlights some of the recent findings related to this pathway that affect angiogenesis and stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Frömel
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Zumer Naeem
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lale Pirzeh
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; The Cardio-Pulmonary Institute, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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21
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Manousek J, Kala P, Lokaj P, Ondrus T, Helanova K, Miklikova M, Brazdil V, Tomandlova M, Parenica J, Pavkova Goldbergova M, Hlasensky J. Oxidative Stress in Takotsubo Syndrome-Is It Essential for an Acute Attack? Indirect Evidences Support Multisite Impact Including the Calcium Overload-Energy Failure Hypothesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:732708. [PMID: 34738019 PMCID: PMC8562109 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.732708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Indirect evidences in reviews and case reports on Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) support the fact that the existence of oxidative stress (OS) might be its common feature in the pre-acute stage. The sources of OS are exogenous (environmental factors including pharmacological and toxic influences) and endogenous, the combination of both may be present, and they are being discussed in detail. OS is associated with several pathological conditions representing TTS comorbidities and triggers. The dominant source of OS electrones are mitochondria. Our analysis of drug therapy related to acute TTS shows many interactions, e.g., cytostatics and glucocorticoids with mitochondrial cytochrome P450 and other enzymes important for OS. One of the most frequently discussed mechanisms in TTS is the effect of catecholamines on myocardium. Yet, their metabolic influence is neglected. OS is associated with the oxidation of catecholamines leading to the synthesis of their oxidized forms - aminochromes. Under pathological conditions, this pathway may dominate. There are evidences of interference between OS, catecholamine/aminochrome effects, their metabolism and antioxidant protection. The OS offensive may cause fast depletion of antioxidant protection including the homocystein-methionine system, whose activity decreases with age. The alteration of effector subcellular structures (mitochondria, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum) and subsequent changes in cellular energetics and calcium turnover may also occur and lead to the disruption of cellular function, including neurons and cardiomyocytes. On the organ level (nervous system and heart), neurocardiogenic stunning may occur. The effects of OS correspond to the effect of high doses of catecholamines in the experiment. Intensive OS might represent "conditio sine qua non" for this acute clinical condition. TTS might be significantly more complex pathology than currently perceived so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Manousek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Kala
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Petr Lokaj
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tomas Ondrus
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Katerina Helanova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Miklikova
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vojtech Brazdil
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Marie Tomandlova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jiri Parenica
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Jiri Hlasensky
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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22
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Camacho-Muñoz D, Kiezel-Tsugunova M, Kiss O, Uddin M, Sundén M, Ryaboshapkina M, Lind L, Oscarsson J, Nicolaou A. Omega-3 carboxylic acids and fenofibrate differentially alter plasma lipid mediators in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21976. [PMID: 34618982 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100380rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fibrates and omega-3 polyunsaturated acids are used for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia but have not demonstrated consistent effects on cardiovascular (CV) risk. In this study, we investigate how these two pharmacological agents influence plasma levels of bioactive lipid mediators, aiming to explore their efficacy beyond that of lipid-lowering agents. Plasma from overweight patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypertriglyceridemia, participating in a randomized placebo-controlled study investigating the effects of 12 weeks treatment with fenofibrate or omega-3 free carboxylic acids (OM-3CA) (200 mg or 4 g per day, respectively), were analyzed for eicosanoids and related PUFA species, N-acylethanolamines (NAE) and ceramides. OM-3CA reduced plasma concentrations of proinflammatory PGE2 , as well as PGE1 , PGD1 and thromboxane B2 but increased prostacyclin, and eicosapentaenoic acid- and docosahexaenoic acid-derived lipids of lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) (e.g., 17-HDHA, 18-HEPE, 19,20-DiHDPA). Fenofibrate reduced plasma concentrations of vasoactive CYP-derived eicosanoids (DHETs). Although OM-3CA increased plasma levels of the NAE docosahexaenoyl ethanolamine and docosapentaenoyl ethanolamine, and fenofibrate increased palmitoleoyl ethanolamine, the effect of both treatments may have been masked by the placebo (olive oil). Fenofibrate was more efficacious than OM-3CA in significantly reducing plasma ceramides, pro-inflammatory lipids associated with CV disease risk. Neither treatment affected putative lipid species associated with NAFLD. Our results show that OM-3CA and fenofibrate differentially modulate the plasma mediator lipidome, with OM-3CA promoting the formation of lipid mediators with potential effects on chronic inflammation, while fenofibrate mainly reducing ceramides. These findings suggest that both treatments could ameliorate chronic inflammation with possible impact on disease outcomes, independent of triglyceride reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Camacho-Muñoz
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Magdalena Kiezel-Tsugunova
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Orsolya Kiss
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Mohib Uddin
- AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, Mӧlndal, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sundén
- Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jan Oscarsson
- AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, Mӧlndal, Sweden
| | - Anna Nicolaou
- Laboratory for Lipidomics and Lipid Biology, Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.,Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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23
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McClung JA, Levy L, Garcia V, Stec DE, Peterson SJ, Abraham NG. Heme-oxygenase and lipid mediators in obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases: Therapeutic implications. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107975. [PMID: 34499923 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity-mediated metabolic syndrome remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Among many potential targets for pharmacological intervention, a promising strategy involves the heme oxygenase (HO) system, specifically its inducible form, HO-1. This review collects and updates much of the current knowledge relevant to pharmacology and clinical medicine concerning HO-1 in metabolic diseases and its effect on lipid metabolism. HO-1 has pleotropic effects that collectively reduce inflammation, while increasing vasodilation and insulin and leptin sensitivity. Recent reports indicate that HO-1 with its antioxidants via the effect of bilirubin increases formation of biologically active lipid metabolites such as epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET), omega-3 and other polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Similarly, HO-1and bilirubin are potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of fat-induced liver diseases. HO-1-mediated upregulation of EET is capable not only of reversing endothelial dysfunction and hypertension, but also of reversing cardiac remodeling, a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome. This process involves browning of white fat tissue (i.e. formation of healthy adipocytes) and reduced lipotoxicity, which otherwise will be toxic to the heart. More importantly, this review examines the activity of EET in biological systems and a series of pathways that explain its mechanism of action and discusses how these might be exploited for potential therapeutic use. We also discuss the link between cardiac ectopic fat deposition and cardiac function in humans, which is similar to that described in obese mice and is regulated by HO-1-EET-PGC1α signaling, a potent negative regulator of the inflammatory adipokine NOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A McClung
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Lior Levy
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Victor Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, United States of America.
| | - Stephen J Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, United States of America; New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY 11215, United States of America
| | - Nader G Abraham
- Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America.
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24
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Effects of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid-Enhancing Therapy on the Course of Congestive Heart Failure in Angiotensin II-Dependent Rat Hypertension: From mRNA Analysis towards Functional In Vivo Evaluation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081053. [PMID: 34440257 PMCID: PMC8393645 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of chronic treatment with EET-A, an orally active epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EETs) analog, on the course of aorto-caval fistula (ACF)-induced heart failure (HF) in Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR), a model characterized by hypertension and augmented activity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The results were compared with standard pharmacological blockade of the RAS using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi). The rationale for employing EET-A as a new treatment approach is based on our findings that apart from increased RAS activity, untreated ACF TGR also shows kidney and left ventricle (LV) tissue deficiency of EETs. Untreated ACF TGR began to die 17 days after creating ACF and were all dead by day 84. The treatment with EET-A alone or ACEi alone improved the survival rate: in 156 days after ACF creation, it was 45.5% and 59.4%, respectively. The combined treatment with EET-A and ACEi appeared to improve the final survival to 71%; however, the difference from either single treatment regimen did not reach significance. Nevertheless, our findings support the notion that targeting the cytochrome P-450-dependent epoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism should be considered for the treatment of HF.
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25
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Burmistrov VV, Karlov DS, Butov GM, Novakov IA. Prospects for the inhibition of the phosphatase domain of human soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH-P). Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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26
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The Consequences of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Deletion on Tumorigenesis and Metastasis in a Mouse Model of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137120. [PMID: 34281173 PMCID: PMC8269362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxides and diols of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are bioactive and can influence processes such as tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Studies with inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in animals overexpressing cytochrome P450 enzymes or following the systemic administration of specific epoxides revealed a markedly increased incidence of tumor metastases. To determine whether PUFA epoxides increased metastases in a model of spontaneous breast cancer, sEH-/- mice were crossed onto the polyoma middle T oncogene (PyMT) background. We found that the deletion of the sEH accelerated the growth of primary tumors and increased both the tumor macrophage count and angiogenesis. There were small differences in the epoxide/diol content of tumors, particularly in epoxyoctadecamonoenic acid versus dihydroxyoctadecenoic acid, and marked changes in the expression of proteins linked with cell proliferation and metabolism. However, there was no consequence of sEH inhibition on the formation of metastases in the lymph node or lung. Taken together, our results confirm previous reports of increased tumor growth in animals lacking sEH but fail to substantiate reports of enhanced lymph node or pulmonary metastases.
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27
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Zhou C, Song H, Feng J, Hu Z, Yu ZL, Yang MJ, Shi P, Li YR, Guo YJ, Zhang T. RNA-Seq analysis and WGCNA reveal dynamic molecular responses to air exposure in the hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria. Genomics 2021; 113:2847-2859. [PMID: 34153497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intertidal bivalves are constantly exposed to air due to daily and seasonal tidal cycles. The hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria is an economically important bivalve species and often subjected to air exposure for more than 10 days during long-distance transportation. Hard clam exhibits remarkable tolerance to air exposure. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing on hemocytes of M. mercenaria exposed to air for 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days. The overall and dynamic molecular responses of hard clams to air exposure were revealed by different transcriptomic analysis strategies. As a result, most cytochrome P450 1A and 3A, and monocarboxylate transporter family members were up-regulated during air exposure. Additionally, the dominant molecular process in response to 5-d, 10-d, 20-d and 30-d air exposure was refolding of misfolded proteins in endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome-mediated degradation of phospholipids, protein metabolism and reorganization of cytoskeleton, and activation of anti-apoptotic process, respectively. Our results facilitated comprehensive understanding of the tolerance mechanisms of intertidal bivalves to air exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hao Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jie Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zheng-Lin Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Mei-Jie Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pu Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yong-Ren Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Yong-Jun Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aqua-ecology and Aquaculture, Fisheries College, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; CAS Engineering Laboratory for Marine Ranching, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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28
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Le DE, García-Jaramillo M, Bobe G, Alcazar Magana A, Vaswani A, Minnier J, Jump DB, Rinkevich D, Alkayed NJ, Maier CS, Kaul S. Plasma Oxylipins: A Potential Risk Assessment Tool in Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:645786. [PMID: 33969011 PMCID: PMC8097092 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.645786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: While oxylipins have been linked to coronary artery disease (CAD), little is known about their diagnostic and prognostic potential. Objective: We tested whether plasma concentration of specific oxylipins may discriminate among number of diseased coronary arteries and predict median 5-year outcomes in symptomatic adults. Methods: Using a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and quantitative tandem mass spectrometry, we conducted a targeted analysis of 39 oxylipins in plasma samples of 23 asymptomatic adults with low CAD risk and 74 symptomatic adults (≥70% stenosis), aged 38–87 from the Greater Portland, Oregon area. Concentrations of 22 oxylipins were above the lower limit of quantification in >98% of adults and were compared, individually and in groups based on precursors and biosynthetic pathways, in symptomatic adults to number of diseased coronary arteries [(1) n = 31; (2) n = 23; (3) n = 20], and outcomes during a median 5-year follow-up (no surgery: n = 7; coronary stent placement: n = 24; coronary artery bypass graft surgery: n = 26; death: n = 7). Results: Plasma levels of six quantified oxylipins decreased with the number of diseased arteries; a panel of five oxylipins diagnosed three diseased arteries with 100% sensitivity and 70% specificity. Concentrations of five oxylipins were lower and one oxylipin was higher with survival; a panel of two oxylipins predicted survival during follow-up with 86% sensitivity and 91% specificity. Conclusions: Quantification of plasma oxylipins may assist in CAD diagnosis and prognosis in combination with standard risk assessment tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Elizabeth Le
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Manuel García-Jaramillo
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Helfgott Research Institute, National University of Natural Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Gerd Bobe
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Armando Alcazar Magana
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Ashish Vaswani
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jessica Minnier
- Department of Biostatistics and Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Donald B Jump
- Nutrition Program, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Diana Rinkevich
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nabil J Alkayed
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States.,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Claudia S Maier
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sanjiv Kaul
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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29
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Ricardo Criado P, Pincelli TPH, Criado RFJ, Abdalla BMZ, Belda Junior W. Potential interactions of SARS-CoV-2 with human cell receptors in the skin: Understanding the enigma for a lower frequency of skin lesions compared to other tissues. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:936-944. [PMID: 32867008 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a new public health problem, with a total of 10.577.263 documented COVID-19 cases worldwide and 513.441 deaths up to the present date. Few cases of disease-related cutaneous manifestations have been reported in the literature, and such manifestations are scarce. Integumentary manifestations from COVID-19 include exanthemas and papular dermatoses, urticarial eruptions, atopic dermatitis, vesiculobullous lesions and skin signs of hypercoagulable states, such as acral ischaemia, livedo and retiform purpura. Most common extracutaneous manifestations from the disease include headache, cough, anosmia, ageusia, fever, dyspnoea, nausea, diarrhoea and cardiovascular events. The objectives of this review were to discuss the role of human cell receptors described as interaction targets of SARS-CoV-2, as well to understand the current state of knowledge on skin expression of these receptors, in order to substantiate future research. The authors present a thorough literature review on SARS-CoV-2 and its possible interaction with cell receptors and human tissues including the skin. They discuss a molecular hypothesis to explain the lower prevalence of dermatological manifestations from direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Distinct human cell receptors binding the virus appear to be less expressed in the skin compared to other organs. Additionally, the presence of resolvins and the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM17 provide a putative protection to the skin, explaining the majority of COVID-19 manifestations to be extracutaneous. This review represents an excellent opportunity for future studies using skin biopsies from COVID-19 patients to investigate molecular expression in the pathophysiology of cutaneous manifestations of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Ricardo Criado
- Dermatology Department, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil.,LIM-50, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Walter Belda Junior
- LIM-50, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Modulatory influences of antiviral bioactive compounds on cell viability, mRNA and protein expression of cytochrome P450 3A4 and P-glycoprotein in HepG2 and HEK293 cells. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104573. [PMID: 33387731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The induction of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and P-glycoprotein (ABCB1) influence drug plasma, and eventually decreases the drugs' therapeutic effects. The effects of Plant-derived compounds (PCs) on drug-metabolising proteins are largely unknown. This study investigated the cytotoxicity, cell viability profiles and regulatory influences of four PCs (epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), kaempferol-7-glucoside (K7G), luteolin (LUT) and ellagic acid (EGA)) on the mRNA and protein expressions of CYP3A4 and ABCB1 in HepG2 and HEK293 cells. After treatment with the PCs (0-400 µM) for 24 h, 80% (IC20) and 50% (IC50) cell viability were determined. The PCs were not toxic to HepG2 (ATP levels increased at IC20, insignificant change in LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) with the exception of LUT, and ABCB1 protein expressions decreased. The PCs decreased CYP3A4 at IC20 (except LUT), EGCG and K7G at IC20 decreased mRNA expression. For HEK293 cells, no significant change in ATP, except for EGCG IC20 and K7G IC50 which decreased and increased, respectively. LDH decreased at IC20, but LUT IC50 significant increase LDH. ABCB1 protein expression increased at both IC20 and IC50, but LUT and EGA at IC50 decreased mRNA expression. The PCs at IC20, and IC50 of LUT, K7G and of EGCG may enhance drug bioavailability.
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Krüger-Genge A, Jung F, Hufert F, Jung EM, Küpper JH, Storsberg J. Effects of gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) on platelets and endothelial cells. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2020; 76:309-316. [PMID: 32925010 DOI: 10.3233/ch-209206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Thrombotic events result from different pathologies and are the underlying causes of severe diseases like stroke or myocardial infarction. Recent basic research now revealed a link between food uptake, food conversion and gut metabolism. Gut microbial production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) from dietary nutrients like choline, lecithin and L-carnitine was associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Within this review we give a systematic overview about the influence of TMAO on blood components like platelets and endothelial cells which both are involved as key players in thrombotic processes. In summary, a mechanistic correlation between the gut microbiome, TMAO and cardiovascular diseases becomes obvious and emphasizes to the significance of the intestinal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Krüger-Genge
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - F Jung
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - F Hufert
- Institute for Microbiology and Virology, Medizinische Hochschule Brandenburg Theodor Fontane, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - E-M Jung
- Department of Radiology and Interdisciplinary Ultrasound Department, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - J-H Küpper
- Institute of Biotechnology, Molecular Cell Biology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - J Storsberg
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Lu J, Chen A, Ma X, Shang X, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Liu M, Wang X. Generation and Characterization of Cytochrome P450 2J3/10 CRISPR/Cas9 Knockout Rat Model. Drug Metab Dispos 2020; 48:1129-1136. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.120.000114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Lin J, Hu J, Schlotterer A, Wang J, Kolibabka M, Awwad K, Dietrich N, Breitschopf K, Wohlfart P, Kannt A, Lorenz K, Feng Y, Popp R, Hoffmann S, Fleming I, Hammes HP. Protective effect of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibition in Retinal Vasculopathy associated with Polycystic Kidney Disease. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:7857-7871. [PMID: 32685025 PMCID: PMC7359083 DOI: 10.7150/thno.43154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Vasoregression secondary to glial activation develops in various retinal diseases, including retinal degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Photoreceptor degeneration and subsequent retinal vasoregression, characterized by pericyte loss and acellular capillary formation in the absence diabetes, are also seen in transgenic rats expressing the polycystic kidney disease (PKD) gene. Activated Müller glia contributes to retinal vasodegeneration, at least in part via the expression of the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Given that an increase in sEH expression triggered vascular destabilization in diabetes, and that vasoregression is similar in diabetic mice and PKD rats, the aim of the present study was to determine whether sEH inhibition could prevent retinal vasoregression in the PKD rat. Methods: One-month old male homozygous transgenic PKD rats were randomly allocated to receive vehicle or a sEH inhibitor (sEH-I; Sar5399, 30 mg/kg) for four weeks. Wild-type Sprague-Dawley (SD) littermates received vehicle as controls. Retinal sEH expression and activity were measured by Western blotting and LC-MS, and vasoregression was quantified in retinal digestion preparations. Microglial activation and immune response cytokines were assessed by immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR, respectively. 19,20-dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-DHDP) mediated Notch signaling, microglial activation and migration were assessed in vivo and in vitro. Results: This study demonstrates that sEH expression and activity were increased in PKD retinae, which led to elevated production of 19,20-DHDP and the depression of Notch signaling. The latter changes elicited pericyte loss and the recruitment of CD11b+/CD74+ microglia to the perivascular region. Microglial activation increased the expression of immune-response cytokines, and reduced levels of Notch3 and delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4). Treatment with Sar5399 decreased 19,20-DHDP generation and increased Notch3 expression. Sar5399 also prevented vasoregression by reducing pericyte loss and suppressed microglial activation as well as the expression of immune-response cytokines. Mechanistically, the activation of Notch signaling by Dll4 maintained a quiescent microglial cell phenotype, i.e. reduced both the surface presentation of CD74 and microglial migration. In contrast, in retinal explants, 19,20-DHDP and Notch inhibition both promoted CD74 expression and reversed the Dll4-induced decrease in migration. Conclusions: Our data indicate that 19,20-DHDP-induced alterations in Notch-signaling result in microglia activation and pericyte loss and contribute to retinal vasoregression in polycystic kidney disease. Moreover, sEH inhibition can ameliorate vasoregression through reduced activity of inflammatory microglia. sEH inhibition is thus an attractive new therapeutic approach to prevent retinal vasoregression.
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Pawłowska M, Kwaśniewska A, Mazerska Z, Augustin E. Enhanced Activity of P4503A4 and UGT1A10 Induced by Acridinone Derivatives C-1305 and C-1311 in MCF-7 and HCT116 Cancer Cells: Consequences for the Drugs' Cytotoxicity, Metabolism and Cellular Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113954. [PMID: 32486425 PMCID: PMC7312182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity modulation of drug metabolism enzymes can change the biotransformation of chemotherapeutics and cellular responses induced by them. As a result, drug-drug interactions can be modified. Acridinone derivatives, represented here by C-1305 and C-1311, are potent anticancer drugs. Previous studies in non-cellular systems showed that they are mechanism-based inhibitors of cytochrome P4503A4 and undergo glucuronidation via UDP-glucuronosyltranspherase 1A10 isoenzyme (UGT1A10). Therefore, we investigated the potency of these compounds to modulate P4503A4 and UGT1A10 activity in breast MCF-7 and colon HCT116 cancer cells and their influence on cytotoxicity and cellular response in cells with different expression levels of studied isoenzymes. We show that C-1305 and C-1311 are inducers of not only P4503A4 but also UGT1A10 activity. MCF-7 and HCT116 cells with high P4503A4 activity are more sensitive to acridinone derivatives and undergo apoptosis/necrosis to a greater extent. UGT1A10 was demonstrated to be responsible for C-1305 and C-1311 glucuronidation in cancer cells and glucuronide products were excreted outside the cell very fast. Finally, we show that glucuronidation of C-1305 antitumor agent enhances its pro-apoptotic properties in HCT116 cells, while the cytotoxicity and cellular response induced by C-1311 did not change after drug glucuronidation in both cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Pawłowska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (Z.M.); (E.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-58-347-12-97; Fax: +48-58-347-11-44
| | - Anna Kwaśniewska
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Zofia Mazerska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (Z.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Ewa Augustin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (Z.M.); (E.A.)
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The Association Between Vascular Inflammation and Depressive Disorder. Causality, Biomarkers and Targeted Treatment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13050092. [PMID: 32408603 PMCID: PMC7281196 DOI: 10.3390/ph13050092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction are frequently co-morbid with major depressive disorder. In the current review, it is argued that vascular inflammation is a factor that is common to all disorders and that an endothelial dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier could be involved in the induction of depression symptoms. Biomarkers for vascular inflammation include a high plasma level of C-reactive protein, soluble cell-adhesion molecules, von Willebrand factor, aldosterone, and proinflammatory cytokines like interleukin-6 or tumor necrosis factor α. A further possible biomarker is flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery. Treatment of vascular inflammation is expected to prevent or to reduce symptoms of depression. Several tentative treatments for this form of depression can be envisioned: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), valproate, Vagus-nerve stimulation, nicotinic α7 agonists, and agonists of the cannabinoid CB2-receptor.
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Han KH, Kim B, Ji SC, Kang HG, Cheong HI, Cho JY, Ha IS. Mechanism of Chronic Kidney Disease Progression and Novel Biomarkers: A Metabolomic Analysis of Experimental Glomerulonephritis. Metabolites 2020; 10:E169. [PMID: 32344531 PMCID: PMC7240957 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While a complex network of cellular and molecular events is known to be involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the divergence point between reversal and progression and the event that triggers CKD progression are still unknown. To understand the different mechanisms between reversible and irreversible kidney disease and to search for urinary biomarkers that can predict prognosis, a metabolomic analysis was applied to compare acute and chronic experimental glomerulonephritis (GN) models. Four metabolites, namely, epoxyoctadecenoic acid (EpOME), epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (EpETE), α-linolenic acid (ALA), and hydroxyretinoic acid, were identified as predictive markers after comparing the chronic nephritis model with acute nephritis and control groups (false discovery rate adjusted p-value (q-value) < 0.05). Renal mRNA expression of cytochrome P450 and epoxide hydrolase was also identified as being involved in the production of epoxide metabolites from these polyunsaturated fatty acids (p < 0.05). These results suggested that the progression of chronic kidney disease is associated with abnormally activated epoxide hydrolase, leading to an increase in EpOME and EpETE as pro-inflammatory eicosanoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung Hee Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Aran 13gil 15, Jeju-si, Jeju 63241, Korea;
| | - Bora Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sang Chun Ji
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
| | - Joo-Youn Cho
- Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Il-Soo Ha
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea; (B.K.); (S.C.J.); (H.G.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital, 103, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea;
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Schäfer SM, Sendetski M, Angioni C, Nüsing R, Geisslinger G, Scholich K, Sisignano M. The omega-3 lipid 17,18-EEQ sensitizes TRPV1 and TRPA1 in sensory neurons through the prostacyclin receptor (IP). Neuropharmacology 2020; 166:107952. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Cyp2c44 regulates prostaglandin synthesis, lymphangiogenesis, and metastasis in a mouse model of breast cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:5923-5930. [PMID: 32123095 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1921381117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arachidonic acid epoxides generated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes have been linked to increased tumor growth and metastasis, largely on the basis of overexpression studies and the application of exogenous epoxides. Here we studied tumor growth and metastasis in Cyp2c44-/- mice crossed onto the polyoma middle T oncogene (PyMT) background. The resulting PyMT2c44 mice developed more primary tumors earlier than PyMT mice, with increased lymph and lung metastasis. Primary tumors from Cyp2c44-deficient mice contained higher numbers of tumor-associated macrophages, as well as more lymphatic endothelial cells than tumors from PyMT mice. While epoxide and diol levels were comparable in tumors from both genotypes, prostaglandin (PG) levels were higher in the PyMTΔ2c44 tumors. This could be accounted for by the finding that Cyp2c44 metabolized the PG precursor, PGH2 to 12(S)-hydroxyheptadeca-5Z,8E,10E-trienoic acid (12-HHT), thus effectively reducing levels of effector PGs (including PGE2). Next, proteomic analyses revealed an up-regulation of WD repeating domain FYVE1 (WDFY1) in tumors from PyMTΔ2c44 mice, a phenomenon that was reproduced in Cyp2c44-deficient macrophages as well as by PGE2 Mechanistically, WDFY1 was involved in Toll-like receptor signaling, and its down-regulation in human monocytes attenuated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 and nuclear factor-κB. Taken together, our results indicate that Cyp2c44 protects against tumor growth and metastasis by preventing the synthesis of PGE2 The latter eicosanoid influenced macrophages at least in part by enhancing Toll-like receptor signaling via the up-regulation of WDFY1.
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Zhang Y, Chen H, Zhang W, Cai Y, Shan P, Wu D, Zhang B, Liu H, Khan ZA, Liang G. Arachidonic acid inhibits inflammatory responses by binding to myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) and preventing MD2/toll-like receptor 4 signaling activation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165683. [PMID: 31953218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Arachidonic acid (AA) plays a fundamental role in the function of all cells. Metabolites of AA contribute to inflammation as well as for resolving inflammation. Although AA-derived metabolites exhibit well-substantiated bioactivity, it is not known whether AA regulates inflammatory responses independent of its metabolites. With the recent discovery that saturated fatty acids activate toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), we tested the hypothesis that AA directly regulates inflammatory responses through modulating the activity of TLR4. In cultured cardiomyocytes and macrophages, we found that AA prevents saturated fatty acid-induced TLR4 complex formation with accessory proteins and the induction of proinflammatory cytokines. We discovered that AA directly binds to TLR4 co-receptor, myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) and prevents saturated fatty acids from activating TLR4 pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. Similarly, AA reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in macrophages and septic death in mice through binding to MD2. In high-fat diet mouse model of obesity and LPS-induced model of acute lung injury, both mediating inflammatory responses through TLR4, treatment with AA prevented MD2/TLR4 dimerization, induction of inflammatory factors, and tissue injuries. In summary, we have discovered that AA interacts with MD2 and disrupts TLR4 activation by LPS and saturated fatty acids. These findings provide experimental evidence for a direct mechanism of AA-induced regulation of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325800, China
| | - Hongjin Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China
| | - Peiren Shan
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325025, China
| | - Di Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325800, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zia A Khan
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325800, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China.
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Basic Concepts of the Microcirculation. Microcirculation 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28199-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dos Santos LRB, Fleming I. Role of cytochrome P450-derived, polyunsaturated fatty acid mediators in diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 148:106407. [PMID: 31899373 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, cases of metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes have increased exponentially. Exercise and ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-enriched diets are usually prescribed but no therapy is effectively able to restore the impaired glucose metabolism, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia encountered by diabetic patients. PUFAs are metabolized by different enzymes into bioactive metabolites with anti- or pro-inflammatory activity. One important class of PUFA metabolizing enzymes are the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes that can generate a series of bioactive products, many of which have been attributed protective/anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects in animal models. PUFA epoxides are, however, further metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to fatty acid diols. The biological actions of the latter are less well understood but while low concentrations may be biologically important, higher concentrations of diols derived from linoleic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been linked with inflammation. One potential application for sEH inhibitors is in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy where sEH expression and activity is elevated as are levels of a diol of docosahexaenoic acid that can induce the destabilization of the retina vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila R B Dos Santos
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Partner Site Rhein-Main, Germany.
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Wang CY, Lee S, Jang HJ, Su XD, Wang HS, Kim YH, Yang SY. Inhibition potential of phenolic constituents from the aerial parts of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum against soluble epoxide hydrolase and nitric oxide synthase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2019; 34:753-760. [PMID: 30829084 PMCID: PMC6407587 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2019.1584621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aerial parts of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (APTH) have been used as a functional tea in China. The purpose of the current study was to identify the bioactive constituents with inhibitory activity against soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which are jointly considered potential therapeutic targets for vascular system diseases. In the present study, 39 compounds (1-39) were isolated from the APTH. Among them, compounds 8, 10, 12, 16, 17, 19, and 32 displayed potential activities, with IC50 values ranging from 4.5 to 9.5 µM, respectively, and all in non-competitive inhibition mode. Compounds 5, 10, 12, 19, and 32 displayed potent iNOS inhibitory effects, with IC50 values ranging from 15.6 to 47.3 µM. The results obtained in this work contribute to a better understanding of the pharmacological activities of T. hemsleyanum and its potential application as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Yi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sunggun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jae Jang
- Immunoregulatory Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-si, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Xiang Dong Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Khalyfa A, Sanz-Rubio D. Genetics and Extracellular Vesicles of Pediatrics Sleep Disordered Breathing and Epilepsy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215483. [PMID: 31689970 PMCID: PMC6862182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep remains one of the least understood phenomena in biology, and sleep disturbances are one of the most common behavioral problems in childhood. The etiology of sleep disorders is complex and involves both genetic and environmental factors. Epilepsy is the most popular childhood neurological condition and is characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures, and the neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences of this condition. Sleep and epilepsy are interrelated, and the importance of sleep in epilepsy is less known. The state of sleep also influences whether a seizure will occur at a given time, and this differs considerably for various epilepsy syndromes. The development of epilepsy has been associated with single or multiple gene variants. The genetics of epilepsy is complex and disorders exhibit significant genetic heterogeneity and variability in the expressivity of seizures. Phenobarbital (PhB) is the most widely used antiepileptic drug. With its principal mechanism of action to prolong the opening time of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A receptor-associated chloride channel, it enhances chloride anion influx into neurons, with subsequent hyperpolarization, thereby reducing excitability. Enzymes that metabolize pharmaceuticals including PhB are well known for having genetic polymorphisms that contribute to adverse drug–drug interactions. PhB metabolism is highly dependent upon the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and genetic polymorphisms can lead to variability in active drug levels. The highly polymorphic CYP2C19 isozymes are responsible for metabolizing a large portion of routinely prescribed drugs and variants contribute significantly to adverse drug reactions and therapeutic failures. A limited number of CYP2C19 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are involved in drug metabolism. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are circular membrane fragments released from the endosomal compartment as exosomes are shed from the surfaces of the membranes of most cell types. Increasing evidence indicated that EVs play a pivotal role in cell-to-cell communication. Theses EVs may play an important role between sleep, epilepsy, and treatments. The discovery of exosomes provides potential strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases including neurocognitive deficit. The aim of this study is to better understand and provide further knowledge about the metabolism and interactions between phenobarbital and CYP2C19 polymorphisms in children with epilepsy, interplay between sleep, and EVs. Understanding this interplay between epilepsy and sleep is helpful in the optimal treatment of all patients with epileptic seizures. The use of genetics and extracellular vesicles as precision medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of children with sleep disorder will improve the prognosis and the quality of life in patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Sleep Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
| | - David Sanz-Rubio
- Department of Child Health and the Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.
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Lin HY, Ko CY, Kao TJ, Yang WB, Tsai YT, Chuang JY, Hu SL, Yang PY, Lo WL, Hsu TI. CYP17A1 Maintains the Survival of Glioblastomas by Regulating SAR1-Mediated Endoplasmic Reticulum Health and Redox Homeostasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091378. [PMID: 31527549 PMCID: PMC6770831 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 17A1 is an important steroidogenic enzyme harboring 17α-hydroxylase and performing 17,20 lyase activities in multiple steps of steroid hormone synthesis, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) biosynthesis. Previously, we showed that CYP17A1-mediated DHEA production clearly protects glioblastomas from temozolomide-induced apoptosis, leading to drug resistance. Herein, we attempt to clarify whether the inhibition of CYP17A1 has a tumor-suppressive effect, and to determine the steroidogenesis-independent functions of CYP17A1 in glioblastomas. Abiraterone, an inhibitor of CYP17A1, significantly inhibits the proliferation of A172, T98G, and PT#3 (the primary glioblastoma cells) by inducing apoptosis. In parallel, abiraterone potently suppresses tumor growth in mouse models through transplantation of PT#3 cells to the back or to the brain. Based on evidence that abiraterone induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, followed by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), CYP17A1 is important for ER health and redox homeostasis. To confirm our hypothesis, we showed that CYP17A1 overexpression prevents the initiation of ER stress and attenuates ROS production by regulating SAR1a/b expression. Abiraterone dissociates SAR1a/b from ER-localized CYP17A1, and induces SAR1a/b ubiquitination, leading to degradation. Furthermore, SAR1 overexpression rescues abiraterone-induced apoptosis and impairs redox homeostasis. In addition to steroid hormone synthesis, CYP17A1 associates with SAR1a/b to regulate protein processing and maintain ER health in glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yi Lin
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Yuan Ko
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Jen Kao
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Bin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Ting Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jian-Ying Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Siou-Lian Hu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Lun Lo
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University-Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-I Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 11031 Taipei, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program for Neural Regenerative Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Lee J, Cheng N, Tai H, Jimmy Juang J, Wu C, Lin L, Hwang J, Lin J, Chiang F, Tsai C. CYP2C19 Polymorphism is Associated With Amputation Rates in Patients Taking Clopidogrel After Endovascular Intervention for Critical Limb Ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2019; 58:373-382. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Two pharmacological epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-enhancing therapies are effectively antihypertensive and reduce the severity of ischemic arrhythmias in rats with angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1326-1341. [PMID: 29570510 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of treatment with soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHi) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) analogue (EET-A), given alone or combined, on blood pressure (BP) and ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury in rats with angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension. METHODS Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) were used as a model of ANG II-dependent hypertension and Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats served as controls. Rats were treated for 14 days with sEHi or EET-A and BP was measured by radiotelemetry. Albuminuria, cardiac hypertrophy and concentrations of ANG II and EETs were determined. Separate groups were subjected to acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias were determined. RESULTS Treatment of TGR with sEHi and EET-A, given alone or combined, decreased BP to a similar degree, reduced albuminuria and cardiac hypertrophy to similar extent; only treatment regimens including sEHi increased myocardial and renal tissue concentrations of EETs. sEHi and EET-A, given alone or combined, suppressed kidney ANG II levels in TGR. Remarkably, infarct size did not significantly differ between TGR and Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats, but the incidence of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillations was higher in TGR. Application of sEHi and EET-A given alone and combined sEHi and EET-A treatment were all equally effective in reducing life-threatening ventricular fibrillation in TGR. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that chronic treatment with either sEHi or EET-A exerts distinct antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic actions in our ANG II-dependent model of hypertension whereas combined administration of sEHi and EET-A does not provide additive antihypertensive or cardioprotective effects.
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Codony S, Valverde E, Leiva R, Brea J, Isabel Loza M, Morisseau C, Hammock BD, Vázquez S. Exploring the size of the lipophilic unit of the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:115078. [PMID: 31488357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitors are potential drugs for several diseases. Adamantyl ureas are excellent sEH inhibitors but have limited metabolic stability. Herein, we report the effect of replacing the adamantane group by alternative polycyclic hydrocarbons on sEH inhibition, solubility, permeability and metabolic stability. Compounds bearing smaller or larger polycyclic hydrocarbons than adamantane yielded all good inhibition potency of the human sEH (0.4 ≤ IC50 ≤ 21.7 nM), indicating that sEH is able to accommodate inhibitors of very different size. Human liver microsomal stability of diamantane containing inhibitors is lower than that of their corresponding adamantane counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Codony
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Elena Valverde
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - Rosana Leiva
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain
| | - José Brea
- Innopharma Screening Platform, Biofarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Isabel Loza
- Innopharma Screening Platform, Biofarma Research Group, Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Santiago Vázquez
- Laboratori de Química Farmacèutica (Unitat Associada al CSIC), Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII 27-31, Barcelona E-08028, Spain.
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Huang J, Zhao Q, Li M, Duan Q, Zhao Y, Zhang H. The effects of endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression on the attenuation of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a glaucoma rat model. FASEB J 2019; 33:11194-11209. [PMID: 31295013 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900756r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Vascular factors play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Expressed in the vascular endothelium, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 is one of the CYP epoxygenases that metabolize arachidonic acid to produce epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and exert pleiotropic protective effects on the vasculature. In the present study, we investigated whether endothelium-specific overexpression of CYP2J2 (tie2-CYP2J2-Tr) protects against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss induced by glaucoma and in what way retinal vessels are involved in this process. We used a glaucoma model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and found that endothelium-specific overexpression of CYP2J2 attenuated RGC loss induced by retinal I/R. Moreover, retinal I/R triggered retinal vascular senescence, indicated by up-regulated senescence-related proteins p53, p16, and β-galactosidase activity. The senescent endothelial cells resulted in pericyte loss and increased endothelial secretion of matrix metallopeptidase 9, which further contributed to RGC loss. CYP2J2 overexpression alleviated vascular senescence, pericyte loss, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 secretion. CYP2J2 suppressed endothelial senescence by down-regulating senescence-associated proteins p53 and p16. These 2 proteins were positively regulated by microRNA-128-3p, which was inhibited by CYP2J2. These results suggest that CYP2J2 protects against endothelial senescence and RGC loss in glaucoma, a discovery that may lead to the development of a potential treatment strategy for glaucoma.-Huang, J., Zhao, Q., Li, M., Duan, Q., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H. The effects of endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression on the attenuation of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a glaucoma rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinshuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiming Duan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Fleming I. New Lipid Mediators in Retinal Angiogenesis and Retinopathy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:739. [PMID: 31333461 PMCID: PMC6624440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal diseases associated with vascular destabilization and the inappropriate proliferation of retinal endothelial cells have major consequences on the retinal vascular network. In extreme cases, the development of hypoxia, the upregulation of growth factors, and the hyper-proliferation of unstable capillaries can result in bleeding and vision loss. While anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy and laser retinal photocoagulation can be used to treat the symptoms of late stage disease, there is currently no treatment available that can prevent disease progression. Cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize endogenous substrates (polyunsaturated fatty acids) to bioactive fatty acid epoxides that demonstrate biological activity with generally protective/anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing effects. These epoxides are further metabolized by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to fatty acid diols, high concentrations of which have vascular destabilizing effects. Recent studies have identified increased sEH expression and activity and the subsequent generation of the docosahexaenoic acid-derived diol; 19,20-dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid, as playing a major role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. This review summarizes current understanding of the roles of cytochrome P450 enzyme and sEH–derived PUFA mediators in retinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany
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Stevenson MD, Canugovi C, Vendrov AE, Hayami T, Bowles DE, Krause KH, Madamanchi NR, Runge MS. NADPH Oxidase 4 Regulates Inflammation in Ischemic Heart Failure: Role of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:39-58. [PMID: 30450923 PMCID: PMC6552006 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Oxidative stress is implicated in cardiomyocyte cell death and cardiac remodeling in the failing heart. The role of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in cardiac adaptation to pressure overload is controversial, but its function in myocardial ischemic stress has not been thoroughly elucidated. This study examined the function of NOX4 in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart failure, utilizing mouse models, cell culture, and human heart samples. Results:Nox4-/- mice showed a protective phenotype in response to permanent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation with smaller infarction area, lower cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, higher capillary density, and less cell death versus wild-type (WT) mice. Nox4-/- mice had lower activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), a potent regulator of inflammation. Nox4-/- mice also showed a 50% reduction in the number of infiltrating CD68+ macrophages in the peri-infarct zone versus WT mice. Adenoviral overexpression of NOX4 in cardiomyoblast cells increased sEH expression and activity and CCL4 and CCL5 levels; inhibition of sEH activity in NOX4 overexpressing cells attenuated the cytokine levels. Human hearts with ischemic cardiomyopathy showed adverse cardiac remodeling, increased NOX4 and sEH protein expression and CCL4 and CCL5 levels compared with control nonfailing hearts. Innovation and Conclusion: These data from the Nox4-/- mouse model and human heart tissues show for the first time that oxidative stress from increased NOX4 expression has a functional role in ischemic heart failure. One mechanism by which NOX4 contributes to ischemic heart failure is by increasing inflammatory cytokine production via enhanced sEH activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Stevenson
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chandrika Canugovi
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Aleksandr E Vendrov
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Takayuki Hayami
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dawn E Bowles
- 2 Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- 3 Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nageswara R Madamanchi
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Marschall S Runge
- 1 Frankel Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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