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Zhao M, Wang K. Short-term effects of PM 2.5 components on the respiratory infectious disease: a global perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:293. [PMID: 38976058 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-02024-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Although previous research has reached agreement on the significant impact of particulate matter (PM2.5) on respiratory infectious diseases, PM2.5 acts as an aggregation of miscellaneous pollutants and the individual effect of each component has not been examined. Here, we investigate the effects of PM2.5 components, including black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC), sulfate ion (SO4), dust, and sea salt (SS), on the morbidity and mortality of the recent respiratory disease, i.e. COVID-19. The daily data of 236 countries and provinces/states (e.g., in the United States and China) worldwide during 2020-2022 are utilized. To derive the pollutant-specific causal effects, optimal instrumental variables for each pollutant are selected from a large set of atmospheric variables. We find that one µg/m3 increase in OC increases the number of cases and death by about 3% to 6% from the mean worldwide during a lag of one day up to three days. Our findings remain consistent and robust when we change control variables such as the flight index and weather proxies, and also when applying a sine transformation to the positivity and death rate. When analyzing health effects among different areas, we find stronger impact in China, for its higher local OC concentration, as opposed to the impact in the United States. Health benefits from PM2.5 pollution reduction are comparatively high for developed regions, yet decreases in cases and deaths number are rather overt in less developing regions. Our research provides inspiration and reference for dealing with other respiratory diseases in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyi Zhao
- School of Management, and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Management, and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, No 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
- Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
- Sustainable Development Research Institute for Economy and Society of Beijing, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Lab of Energy Economics and Environmental Management, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Laboratory for System Engineering of Carbon Neutrality, Beijing, China.
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Li D, Shi T, Meng L, Zhang X, Li R, Wang T, Zhao X, Zheng H, Ren X. An association between PM 2.5 components and respiratory infectious diseases: A China's mainland-based study. Acta Trop 2024; 254:107193. [PMID: 38604327 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The particulate matter with diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is an important risk factor for respiratory infectious diseases, such as scarlet fever, tuberculosis, and similar diseases. However, it is not clear which component of PM2.5 is more important for respiratory infectious diseases. Based on data from 31 provinces in mainland China obtained between 2013 and 2019, this study investigated the effects of different PM2.5 components, i.e., sulfate (SO42-), nitrate (NO3-), ammonium (NH4+), and organic matter (OM), and black carbon (BC), on respiratory infectious diseases incidence [pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), scarlet fever (SF), influenza, hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and mumps]. Geographical probes and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were used to investigate correlations, single-component effects, joint effects, and interactions between components, and subgroup analysis was used to assess regional and temporal heterogeneity. The results of geographical probes showed that the chemical components of PM2.5 were associated with the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. BKMR results showed that the five components of PM2.5 were the main factors affecting the incidence of respiratory infectious diseases (PIP>0.5). The joint effect of influenza and mumps by co-exposure to the components showed a significant positive correlation, and the exposure-response curve for a single component was approximately linear. And single-component modelling revealed that OM and BC may be the most important factors influencing the incidence of respiratory infections. Moreover, respiratory infectious diseases in southern and southwestern China may be less affected by the PM2.5 component. This study is the first to explore the relationship between different components of PM2.5 and the incidence of five common respiratory infectious diseases in 31 provinces of mainland China, which provides a certain theoretical basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Tianshan Shi
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Xiaoshu Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Tingrong Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Hongmiao Zheng
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China
| | - Xiaowei Ren
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Chengguan District, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province 730000, China.
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Wang F, Yuan Z, Qin S, Qin F, Zhang J, Mo C, Kang Y, Huang S, Qin F, Jiang J, Liu A, Liang H, Ye L. The effects of meteorological factors and air pollutants on the incidence of tuberculosis in people living with HIV/AIDS in subtropical Guangxi, China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1333. [PMID: 38760740 PMCID: PMC11100081 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18475-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown the association between tuberculosis (TB) and meteorological factors/air pollutants. However, little information is available for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), who are highly susceptible to TB. METHOD Data regarding TB cases in PLWHA from 2014 to2020 were collected from the HIV antiviral therapy cohort in Guangxi, China. Meteorological and air pollutants data for the same period were obtained from the China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network and Department of Ecology and Environment of Guangxi. A distribution lag non-linear model (DLNM) was used to evaluate the effects of meteorological factors and air pollutant exposure on the risk of TB in PLWHA. RESULTS A total of 2087 new or re-active TB cases were collected, which had a significant seasonal and periodic distribution. Compared with the median values, the maximum cumulative relative risk (RR) for TB in PLWHA was 0.663 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.507-0.866, lag 4 weeks) for a 5-unit increase in temperature, and 1.478 (95% CI: 1.116-1.957, lag 4 weeks) for a 2-unit increase in precipitation. However, neither wind speed nor PM10 had a significant cumulative lag effect. Extreme analysis demonstrated that the hot effect (RR = 0.638, 95%CI: 0.425-0.958, lag 4 weeks), the rainy effect (RR = 0.285, 95%CI: 0.135-0.599, lag 4 weeks), and the rainless effect (RR = 0.552, 95%CI: 0.322-0.947, lag 4 weeks) reduced the risk of TB. Furthermore, in the CD4(+) T cells < 200 cells/µL subgroup, temperature, precipitation, and PM10 had a significant hysteretic effect on TB incidence, while temperature and precipitation had a significant cumulative lag effect. However, these effects were not observed in the CD4(+) T cells ≥ 200 cells/µL subgroup. CONCLUSION For PLWHA in subtropical Guangxi, temperature and precipitation had a significant cumulative effect on TB incidence among PLWHA, while air pollutants had little effect. Moreover, the influence of meteorological factors on the incidence of TB also depends on the immune status of PLWHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zongxiang Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shanfang Qin
- Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China
| | - Fengxiang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chuye Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yiwen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Aimei Liu
- Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Liuzhou, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
- Joint Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases in China (Guangxi)-ASEAN, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Thomas SA, Yong HM, Rule AM, Gour N, Lajoie S. Air Pollution Drives Macrophage Senescence through a Phagolysosome-15-Lipoxygenase Pathway. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:307-316. [PMID: 38625119 PMCID: PMC11066713 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Urban particulate matter (PM; uPM) poses significant health risks, particularly to the respiratory system. Fine particles, such as PM2.5, can penetrate deep into the lungs and exacerbate a range of health problems, including emphysema, asthma, and lung cancer. PM exposure is also linked to extrapulmonary disorders such as heart and neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, prolonged exposure to elevated PM levels can reduce overall life expectancy. Senescence is a dysfunctional cell state typically associated with age but can also be precipitated by environmental stressors. This study aimed to determine whether uPM could drive senescence in macrophages, an essential cell type involved in particulate phagocytosis-mediated clearance. Although it is known that uPM exposure impairs immune function, this deficit is multifaceted and incompletely understood, partly because of the use of particulates such as diesel exhaust particles as a surrogate for true uPM. uPM was collected from several locations in the United States, including Baltimore, Houston, and Phoenix. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were stimulated with uPM or reference particulates (e.g., diesel exhaust particles) to assess senescence-related parameters. We report that uPM-exposed bone marrow-derived macrophages adopt a senescent phenotype characterized by increased IL-1α secretion, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and diminished proliferation. Exposure to allergens failed to elicit such a response, supporting a distinction between different types of environmental exposure. uPM-induced senescence was independent of key macrophage activation pathways, specifically inflammasome and scavenger receptors. However, inhibition of the phagolysosome pathway abrogated senescence markers, supporting this phenotype's attribution to uPM phagocytosis. These data suggest that uPM exposure leads to macrophage senescence, which may contribute to immunopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Thomas
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Hwan Mee Yong
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ana M. Rule
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Naina Gour
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stephane Lajoie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Nie Y, Yang Z, Lu Y, Bahani M, Zheng Y, Tian M, Zhang L. Interaction between air pollutants and meteorological factors on pulmonary tuberculosis in northwest China: A case study of eight districts in Urumqi. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2024; 68:691-700. [PMID: 38182774 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-023-02615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Meteorological factors and air pollutants are associated with the spread of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), but few studies have examined the effects of their interactions on PTB. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of meteorological factors and air pollutants and their interactions on the risk of PTB in Urumqi, a city with a high prevalence of PTB and a high level of air pollution. The number of new PTB cases in eight districts of Urumqi from 2014 to 2019 was collected, along with data on meteorological factors and air pollutants for the same period. A generalized additive model was applied to explore the effects of meteorological factors and air pollutants and their interactions on the risk of PTB incidence. Segmented linear regression was used to estimate the nonlinear characteristics of the impact of meteorological factors on PTB. During 2014-2019, a total of 14,402 new cases of PTB were reported in eight districts, with March to May being the months of high PTB incidence. The exposure-response curves for temperature (Temp), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS), air pressure (AP), and diurnal temperature difference (DTR) were generally inverted "U" shaped, with the corresponding threshold values of - 5.411 °C, 52.118%, 3.513 m/s, 1021.625 hPa, and 8.161 °C, respectively. The effects of air pollutants on PTB were linear and lagged. All air pollutants were positively associated with PTB, except for O3, which was not associated with PTB, and the ER values for the effects on PTB were as follows: 0.931 (0.255, 1.612) for PM2.5, 1.028 (0.301, 1.760) for PM10, 5.061 (0.387, 9.952) for SO2, 2.830 (0.512, 5.200) for NO2, and 5.789 (1.508, 10.251) for CO. Meteorological factors and air pollutants have an interactive effect on PTB. The risk of PTB incidence was higher when in high Temp-high air pollutant, high RH-high air pollutant, high WS-high air pollutant, lowAP-high air pollutant, and high DTR-high air pollutant. In conclusion, both meteorological and pollutant factors had an influence on PTB, and the influence on PTB may have an interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwu Nie
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yaoqin Lu
- Urumqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Mailiman Bahani
- School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Maozai Tian
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
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Peptenatu D, Băloi AM, Andronic O, Bolocan A, Cioran N, Gruia AK, Grecu A, Panciu TC, Georgescu L, Munteanu I, Pistol A, Furtunescu F, Strâmbu IR, Ibrahim E, Băiceanu D, Popescu GG, Păduraru D, Jinga V, Mahler B. Spatio-Temporal Pattern of Tuberculosis Distribution in Romania and Particulate Matter Pollution Associated With Risk of Infection. GEOHEALTH 2024; 8:e2023GH000972. [PMID: 38638801 PMCID: PMC11025721 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The study proposes a dynamic spatio-temporal profile of the distribution of tuberculosis incidence and air pollution in Romania, where this infectious disease induces more than 8,000 new cases annually. The descriptive analysis for the years 2012-2021 assumes an identification of the structuring patterns of mycobacterium tuberculosis risk in the Romanian population, according to gender and age, exploiting spatial modeling techniques of time series data. Through spatial autocorrelation, the degree of similarity between the analyzed territorial systems was highlighted and the relationships that are built between the analysis units in spatial proximity were investigated. By modeling the geographical distribution of tuberculosis, the spatial correlation with particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution was revealed. The identification of clusters of infected persons is an indispensable step in the construction of efficient tuberculosis management systems. The results highlight the link between the distribution of tuberculosis, air pollution and socio-economic development, which requires a detailed analysis of the epidemiological data obtained in the national tuberculosis surveillance and control program from the perspective of geographical distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Peptenatu
- Faculty of GeographyResearch Center for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management (CAIMT)University of BucharestBucharestRomania
- Graphit Innovation FactoryStr.Constantin BrancoveanuDrobeta Turnu SeverinRomâniaRomânia
| | - A. M. Băloi
- Faculty of GeographyResearch Center for Integrated Analysis and Territorial Management (CAIMT)University of BucharestBucharestRomania
- Graphit Innovation FactoryStr.Constantin BrancoveanuDrobeta Turnu SeverinRomâniaRomânia
- Faculty of Administration and BusinessUniversity of BucharestBucharestRomania
| | - O. Andronic
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - A. Bolocan
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - N. Cioran
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - A. K. Gruia
- Faculty of Administration and BusinessUniversity of BucharestBucharestRomania
| | - A. Grecu
- Faculty of Administration and BusinessUniversity of BucharestBucharestRomania
| | - T. C. Panciu
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - L. Georgescu
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - I. Munteanu
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - A. Pistol
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - F. Furtunescu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - I. R. Strâmbu
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - E. Ibrahim
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - D. Băiceanu
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - G. G. Popescu
- Marius Nasta Institute of PneumologyBucharestRomania
| | - D. Păduraru
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - V. Jinga
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
| | - B. Mahler
- Carol Davila University of Medicine and PharmacyBucharestRomania
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Zheng T, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Chen S, Jiang J, Chen S. PM2.5 Causes Increased Bacterial Invasion by Affecting HBD1 Expression in the Lung. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:6622950. [PMID: 38314088 PMCID: PMC10838202 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6622950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Our research addresses the critical environmental issue of a fine particulate matter (PM2.5), focusing on its association with the increased infection risks. We explored the influence of PM2.5 on human beta-defensin 1 (HBD1), an essential peptide in mucosal immunity found in the airway epithelium. Using C57BL/6J mice and human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE), we examined the effects of PM2.5 exposure followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) infection on HBD1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The study revealed that PM2.5's toxicity to epithelial cells and animals varies with time and concentration. Notably, HBE cells exposed to PM2.5 and P. aeruginosa showed increased bacterial invasion and decreased HBD1 expression compared to the cells exposed to P. aeruginosa alone. Similarly, mice studies indicated that combined exposure to PM2.5 and P. aeruginosa significantly reduced survival rates and increased bacterial invasion. These harmful effects, however, were alleviated by administering exogenous HBD1. Furthermore, our findings highlight the activation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways following PM2.5 exposure. Inhibiting these pathways effectively increased HBD1 expression and diminished bacterial invasion. In summary, our study establishes that PM2.5 exposure intensifies P. aeruginosa invasion in both HBE cells and mouse models, primarily by suppressing HBD1 expression. This effect can be counteracted with exogenous HBD1, with the downregulation mechanism involving the MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Our study endeavors to elucidate the pathogenesis of lung infections associated with PM2.5 exposure, providing a novel theoretical basis for the development of prevention and treatment strategies, with substantial clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjun Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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8
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Katoto PDMC, Bihehe D, Brand A, Mushi R, Kusinza A, Alwood BW, van Zyl-Smit RN, Tamuzi JL, Sam-Agudu NA, Yotebieng M, Metcalfe J, Theron G, Godri Pollitt KJ, Lesosky M, Vanoirbeek J, Mortimer K, Nawrot T, Nemery B, Nachega JB. Household air pollution and risk of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV-Infected adults. Environ Health 2024; 23:6. [PMID: 38233832 PMCID: PMC10792790 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-023-01044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low- and middle-income countries countries, millions of deaths occur annually from household air pollution (HAP), pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and HIV-infection. However, it is unknown whether HAP influences PTB risk among people living with HIV-infection. METHODS We conducted a case-control study among 1,277 HIV-infected adults in Bukavu, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (February 2018 - March 2019). Cases had current or recent (<5y) PTB (positive sputum smear or Xpert MTB/RIF), controls had no PTB. Daily and lifetime HAP exposure were assessed by questionnaire and, in a random sub-sample (n=270), by 24-hour measurements of personal carbon monoxide (CO) at home. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the associations between HAP and PTB. RESULTS We recruited 435 cases and 842 controls (median age 41 years, [IQR] 33-50; 76% female). Cases were more likely to be female than male (63% vs 37%). Participants reporting cooking for >3h/day and ≥2 times/day and ≥5 days/week were more likely to have PTB (aOR 1·36; 95%CI 1·06-1·75) than those spending less time in the kitchen. Time-weighted average 24h personal CO exposure was related dose-dependently with the likelihood of having PTB, with aOR 4·64 (95%CI 1·1-20·7) for the highest quintile [12·3-76·2 ppm] compared to the lowest quintile [0·1-1·9 ppm]. CONCLUSION Time spent cooking and personal CO exposure were independently associated with increased risk of PTB among people living with HIV. Considering the high burden of TB-HIV coinfection in the region, effective interventions are required to decrease HAP exposure caused by cooking with biomass among people living with HIV, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D M C Katoto
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Office of the President and CEO, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Centre for Tropical Diseases and Global Health, Catholic University of Bukavu, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Dieudonné Bihehe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Université Evangélique en Afrique, Bukavu, DR, Congo
| | - Amanda Brand
- Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Raymond Mushi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Aline Kusinza
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brian W Alwood
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Richard N van Zyl-Smit
- Division of Pulmonology & UCT Lung Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jacques L Tamuzi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nadia A Sam-Agudu
- International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
- Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Marcel Yotebieng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Metcalfe
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Trauma Center, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Grant Theron
- South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NRF-DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Krystal J Godri Pollitt
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maia Lesosky
- Division of epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Jeroen Vanoirbeek
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK
| | - Tim Nawrot
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Centre of Environmental Health, University of Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Benoit Nemery
- Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean B Nachega
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Epidemiology and Center for Global Health, Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, 130 DeSoto St., Room A522 Crabtree Hall, Pittsburgh, 15260, PA, USA.
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9
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Rodríguez-Fernández P, Romero-Andrada I, Molina-Moya B, Latorre I, Lacoma A, Prat-Aymerich C, Tabernero L, Domínguez J. Impact of diesel exhaust particles on infections with Mycobacterium bovis BCG in in vitro human macrophages and an in vivo Galleria mellonella model. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122597. [PMID: 37741543 PMCID: PMC10804993 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
There are strong suggestions for a link between pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and air quality. Diesel exhaust is one of the main contributors to pollution and it is reported to be able to modify susceptibility to lung infections. In this study we exposed THP-1 human macrophages and Mycobacterium bovis BCG to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs). High cytotoxicity and activation of apoptosis was found in THP-1 cells at 3 and 6 days, but no effect was found on the growth of M. bovis BCG. Infection of THP-1 cells exposed to a non-cytotoxic DEP concentration showed a limited capacity to engulf latex beads. However, M. bovis BCG infection of macrophages did not result in an increase in the bacterial burden, but it did result in an increase in the bacteria recovered from the extracellular media, suggesting a poor contention of M. bovis BCG. We also observed that DEP exposure limited the production of cytokines. Using the Galleria mellonella model of infection, we observed that larvae exposed to low levels of DEPs were less able to survive after infection with M. bovis BCG and had a higher internal bacterial load after 4 days of infection. Unraveling the links between air pollution and impairment of human antimycobacterial immunity is vital, because pollution is rapidly increasing in areas where TB incidence is extremely high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodríguez-Fernández
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain; Core Technology Facility, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Iris Romero-Andrada
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Bárbara Molina-Moya
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Irene Latorre
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alícia Lacoma
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Cristina Prat-Aymerich
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Lydia Tabernero
- Core Technology Facility, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - José Domínguez
- Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.
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10
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Byanova KL, Abelman R, North CM, Christenson SA, Huang L. COPD in People with HIV: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Prevention Strategies. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:2795-2817. [PMID: 38050482 PMCID: PMC10693779 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s388142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. People with HIV (PWH) are particularly vulnerable to COPD development; PWH have demonstrated both higher rates of COPD and an earlier and more rapid decline in lung function than their seronegative counterparts, even after accounting for differences in cigarette smoking. Factors contributing to this HIV-associated difference include chronic immune activation and inflammation, accelerated aging, a predilection for pulmonary infections, alterations in the lung microbiome, and the interplay between HIV and inhalational toxins. In this review, we discuss what is known about the epidemiology and pathobiology of COPD among PWH and outline screening, diagnostic, prevention, and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina L Byanova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Abelman
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Crystal M North
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie A Christenson
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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11
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Mao JJ, Chen HL, Li CH, Lu JW, Gu YY, Feng J, Zhang B, Ma JF, Qin G. Population impact of fine particulate matter on tuberculosis risk in China: a causal inference. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2285. [PMID: 37980514 PMCID: PMC10657490 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested the potential association between air pollution and tuberculosis incidence, but this association remains inconclusive and evidence to assess causality is particularly lacking. We aimed to draw causal inference between fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and tuberculosis in China. METHODS Granger causality (GC) inference was performed within vector autoregressive models at levels and/or first-differences using annual national aggregated data during 1982-2019, annual provincial aggregated data during 1982-2019 and monthly provincial aggregated data during 2004-2018. Convergent cross-mapping (CCM) approach was used to determine the backbone nonlinear causal association based on the monthly provincial aggregated data during 2004-2018. Moreover, distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was applied to quantify the causal effects. RESULTS GC tests identified PM2.5 driving tuberculosis dynamics at national and provincial levels in Granger sense. Empirical dynamic modeling provided the CCM causal intensity of PM2.5 effect on tuberculosis at provincial level and demonstrated that PM2.5 had a positive effect on tuberculosis incidence. Then, DLNM estimation demonstrated that the PM2.5 exposure driven tuberculosis risk was concentration- and time-dependent in a nonlinear manner. This result still held in the multi-pollutant model. CONCLUSIONS Causal inference showed that PM2.5 exposure driving tuberculosis, which showing a concentration gradient change. Air pollutant control may have potential public health benefit of decreasing tuberculosis burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jie Mao
- Joint Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Jiangyin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuxi, China
| | - Hong-Lin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chun-Hu Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jia-Wang Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Gu
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jian Feng
- National Key Clinical Construction Specialty - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Jun-Feng Ma
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong, China.
| | - Gang Qin
- Joint Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
- National Key Clinical Construction Specialty - Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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12
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Déciga-Alcaraz A, Tlazolteotl Gómez de León C, Morales Montor J, Poblano-Bata J, Martínez-Domínguez YM, Palacios-Arreola MI, Amador-Muñoz O, Rodríguez-Ibarra C, Vázquez-Zapién GJ, Mata-Miranda MM, Sánchez-Pérez Y, Chirino YI. Effects of solvent extracted organic matter from outdoor air pollution on human type II pneumocytes: Molecular and proteomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122551. [PMID: 37714400 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is responsible for the exacerbation of respiratory diseases in humans. Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is one of the main components of outdoor air pollution, and solvent extracted organic matter (SEOM) is adsorbed to the main PM2.5 core. Some of the biological effects of black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are components of PM2.5, are known, but the response of respiratory cell lineages to SEOM exposure has not been described until now. The aim of this study was to obtain SEOM from PM2.5 and analyze the molecular and proteomic effects on human type II pneumocytes. PM2.5 was collected from Mexico City in the wildfire season and the SEOM was characterized to be exposed on human type II pneumocytes. The effects were compared with benzo [a] pyrene (B[a]P) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results showed that SEOM induced a decrease in surfactant and deregulation in the molecular protein and lipid pattern analyzed by reflection-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy on human type II pneumocytes after 24 h. The molecular alterations induced by SEOM were not shared by those induced by B[a]P nor H2O2, which highlights specific SEOM effects. In addition, proteomic patterns by quantitative MS analysis revealed a downregulation of 171 proteins and upregulation of 134 proteins analyzed in the STRING database. The deregulation was associated with positive regulation of apoptotic clearance, removal of superoxide radicals, and positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion processes, while ATP metabolism, nucleotide process, and cellular metabolism were also affected. Through this study, we conclude that SEOM extracted from PM2.5 exerts alterations in molecular patterns of protein and lipids, surfactant expression, and deregulation of metabolic pathways of type II pneumocytes after 24 h of exposure in absence of cytotoxicity, which warns about apparent SEOM silent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz
- Laboratorio de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP, 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Carmen Tlazolteotl Gómez de León
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Morales Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Josefina Poblano-Bata
- Laboratorio de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Yadira Margarita Martínez-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - M Isabel Palacios-Arreola
- Departamento de Investigación en Toxicología y Medicina Ambiental, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, CP, 14080, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Omar Amador-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Especiación Química de Aerosoles Orgánicos Atmosféricos, Instituto de Ciencias de La Atmósfera y Cambio Climático, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CP, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Carolina Rodríguez-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP, 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
| | - Gustavo J Vázquez-Zapién
- Laboratorio de Embriología, Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de La Salud, Secretaría de La Defensa Nacional, Cerrada de Palomas S/N, Lomas de San Isidro, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P, 11200, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Mónica M Mata-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Tisular, Escuela Militar de Medicina, Centro Militar de Ciencias de La Salud, Secretaría de La Defensa Nacional, Cerrada de Palomas S/N, Lomas de San Isidro, Alcaldía Miguel Hidalgo, C.P, 11200, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Yesennia Sánchez-Pérez
- Subdirección de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Tlalpan, Ciudad de México, CP, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Yolanda I Chirino
- Laboratorio de Carcinogénesis y Toxicología, Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de Los Barrios No. 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz, CP, 54090, Estado de México, Mexico.
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13
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Wang J, Li W, Huang W, Gao Y, Liu Y, Teng QH, Zhao Q, Chen M, Guo Y, Ma W. The associations of ambient fine particles with tuberculosis incidence and the modification effects of ambient temperature: A nationwide time-series study in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132448. [PMID: 37683354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major air pollutant that poses significant risks to human health. However, little is known about the association of PM2.5 with tuberculosis (TB) incidence, and whether temperature modifies the association.This study aimed to explore the association between ambient PM2.5 exposure and TB incidence in China and the modification effects of temperature. Weekly meteorological data, PM2.5 concentrations, and TB incidence numbers were collected for 22 cities across Mainland China, from 2011 to 2020. A quasi-Poisson regression with the distributed lag non-linear model was used to assess city-specific PM2.5-TB associations. A multivariate meta-regression model was then used to pool the city-specific effect estimates, at the national and regional levels. A J-shaped PM2.5-TB relationship was observed at the national level for China. Compared to those with minimum PM2.5-TB risk, people who were exposed to the highest PM2.5 concentrations had a 26 % (RR:1.26, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.05, 1.52) higher risk for TB incidence. J-shaped PM2.5-TB associations were also observed for most sub-groups, however, no significant modifying effects were found. While a trend was observed between low temperatures and increased exposure-response associations, these results were not significant. Overall, approximately 20 % of TB cases in the 22 study cities, over the period 2011-2020, could be attributed to PM2.5 exposure. Strengthening the monitoring and emission control of PM2.5 could aid the prevention and control of TB incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China; Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wenzhong Huang
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuan Gao
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanming Liu
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qian Hui Teng
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingting Chen
- National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China; Shandong University Climate Change and Health Center, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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14
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Katoto PDMC, Bihehe D, Brand A, Mushi R, Kusinza A, Alwood BW, van Zyl-Smit RN, Tamuzi JL, Sam-Agudu NA, Yotebieng M, Metcalfe J, Theron G, Godri Pollitt KJ, Lesosky M, Vanoirbeek J, Mortimer K, Nawrot T, Nemery B, Nachega JB. Household Air Pollution and Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Adults. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3410503. [PMID: 37886487 PMCID: PMC10602081 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3410503/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background In developing countries, millions of deaths occur annually from household air pollution (HAP), pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), and HIV-infection. However, it is unknown whether HAP influences PTB risk among people living with HIV-infection. Methods We conducted a case-control study among 1,277 HIV-infected adults in Bukavu, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (February 2018 - March 2019). Cases had current or recent (<5y) PTB (positive sputum smear or Xpert MTB/RIF), controls had no PTB. Daily and lifetime HAP exposure were assessed by questionnaire and, in a random sub-sample (n=270), by 24-hour measurements of personal carbon monoxide (CO) at home. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the associations between HAP and PTB. Results We recruited 435 cases and 842 controls (median age 41 years, [IQR] 33-50; 76% female). Cases were more likely to be female than male (63% vs 37%). Participants reporting cooking for >3h/day and ≥2 times/day and ≥5 days/weekwere more likely to have PTB (aOR 1·36; 95%CI 1·06-1·75) than those spending less time in the kitchen. Time-weighted average 24h personal CO exposure was related dose-dependently with the likelihood of having PTB, with aOR 4·64 (95%CI 1·1-20·7) for the highest quintile [12·3-76·2 ppm] compared to the lowest quintile [0·1-1·9 ppm]. Conclusion Time spent cooking and personal CO exposure were independently associated with increased risk of PTB among people living with HIV. Considering the high burden of TB-HIV coinfection in the region, effective interventions are required to decrease HAP exposure caused by cooking with biomass among people living with HIV, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Metcalfe
- Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California
| | - Grant Theron
- NRF-DST Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University
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15
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Li JX, Luan Q, Li B, Dharmage SC, Heinrich J, Bloom MS, Knibbs LD, Popovic I, Li L, Zhong X, Xu A, He C, Liu KK, Liu XX, Chen G, Xiang M, Yu Y, Guo Y, Dong GH, Zou X, Yang BY. Outdoor environmental exposome and the burden of tuberculosis: Findings from nearly two million adults in northwestern China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132222. [PMID: 37557043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
We simultaneously assessed the associations for a range of outdoor environmental exposures with prevalent tuberculosis (TB) cases in a population-based health program with 1940,622 participants ≥ 15 years of age. TB status was confirmed through bacteriological and clinical assessment. We measured 14 outdoor environmental exposures at residential addresses. An exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) approach was used to estimate cross-sectional associations between environmental exposures and prevalent TB, an adaptive elastic net model (AENET) was implemented to select important exposure(s), and the Extreme Gradient Boosting algorithm was subsequently applied to assess their relative importance. In ExWAS analysis, 12 exposures were significantly associated with prevalent TB. Eight of the exposures were selected as predictors by the AENET model: particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm (odds ratio [OR]=1.01, p = 0.3295), nitrogen dioxide (OR=1.09, p < 0.0001), carbon monoxide (OR=1.19, p < 0.0001), and wind speed (OR=1.08, p < 0.0001) were positively associated with the odds of prevalent TB while sulfur dioxide (OR=0.95, p = 0.0017), altitude (OR=0.97, p < 0.0001), artificial light at night (OR=0.98, p = 0.0001), and proportion of forests, shrublands, and grasslands (OR=0.95, p < 0.0001) were negatively associated with the odds of prevalent TB. Air pollutants had higher relative importance than meteorological and geographical factors, and the outdoor environment collectively explained 11% of TB prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xin Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qiyun Luan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Kashgar City 844000, China
| | - Beibei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Kashgar City 844000, China
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Comprehensive Pneumology Center (CPC) Munich, Member DZL, Germany; Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Member DZL, Germany; German Center for Lung Research, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Igor Popovic
- UQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton 4343, Australia
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Kashgar City 844000, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Kashgar City 844000, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar, Kashgar 844000, China
| | - Chuanjiang He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashgar, Kashgar 844000, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kang-Kang Liu
- Department of Research Center for Medicine, the Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gongbo Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kashi (The Affiliated Kashi Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University), Kashgar City 844000, China.
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Pambianchi E, Hagenberg Z, Pecorelli A, Pasqui A, Therrien JP, Valacchi G. Tension as a key factor in skin responses to pollution. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16013. [PMID: 37749125 PMCID: PMC10519937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Being the more apparent organ exposed to the outdoor stressors, the effect of pollution on the skin has been widely studied in the last few decades. Although UV light is known as the most aggressive stressor to which our cutaneous tissue is daily exposed, other components of the tropospheric pollution have also shown to affect skin health and functionality. Among them, ozone has been proven to be one of the most toxic due to its high reactivity with the epidermal lipids. Studying the cutaneous effect of pollution in a laboratory setting presents challenges, therefore it becomes critical to employ appropriate and tailored models that aim to answer specific questions. Several skin models are available nowadays: in vitro models (2D cell lines and 3D cutaneous tissues), ex vivo skin explants and in vivo approaches (animals and humans). Although in the last 20 years researchers developed skin models that closely resemble human skin (3D cutaneous tissues), ex vivo skin explants still remain one of the best models to study cutaneous responses. Unfortunately, one important cutaneous property that is not present in the traditional ex vivo human skin explants is the physiological tension, which has been shown to be a cardinal player in skin structure, homeostasis, functional properties and responses to external stimuli. For this reason, in this study, to confirm and further comprehend the harmful mechanism of ozone exposure on the integumentary system, we have performed experiments using the state of art in cutaneous models: the innovative TenSkin™ model in which ex vivo human skin explants are cultured under physiologically relevant tension during the whole experimental procedure. Specifically, we were interested in corroborating previous findings showing that ozone exposure modulates the expression of cutaneous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The present work demonstrates that cutaneous exposure to ozone induces AMPs gene and protein levels (CAMP/LL-37, hBD2, hBD3) and that the presence of tension can further modulate their expression. In addition, different responses between tension and non-tension cultured skin were also observed during the evaluation of OxInflammatory markers [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), matrix-metallo-proteinase 9 (MMP9) and 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4HNE)]. This current study supports our previous findings confirming the ability of pollution to induce the cutaneous expression of AMPs via redox signaling and corroborates the principle that skin explants are a good and reliable model to study skin responses even though it underlines the need to holistically consider the role of skin tension before extrapolating the data to real life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Zachary Hagenberg
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Arianna Pasqui
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Philippe Therrien
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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17
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Chen Y, Hou W, Hou W, Dong J. Lagging effects and prediction of pollutants and their interaction modifiers on influenza in northeastern China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1826. [PMID: 37726705 PMCID: PMC10510220 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16712-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have typically explored the daily lagged relations between influenza and meteorology, but few have explored seasonally the monthly lagged relationship, interaction and multiple prediction between influenza and pollution. Our specific objectives are to evaluate the lagged and interaction effects of pollution factors and construct models for estimating influenza incidence in a hierarchical manner. METHODS Our researchers collect influenza case data from 2005 to 2018 with meteorological and contaminative factors in Northeast China. We develop a generalized additive model with up to 6 months of maximum lag to analyze the impact of pollution factors on influenza cases and their interaction effects. We employ LASSO regression to identify the most significant environmental factors and conduct multiple complex regression analysis. In addition, quantile regression is taken to model the relation between influenza morbidity and specific percentiles (or quantiles) of meteorological factors. RESULTS The influenza epidemic in Northeast China has shown an upward trend year by year. The excessive incidence of influenza in Northeast China may be attributed to the suspected primary air pollutant, NO2, which has been observed to have overall low levels during January, March, and June. The Age 15-24 group shows an increase in the relative risk of influenza with an increase in PM2.5 concentration, with a lag of 0-6 months (ERR 1.08, 95% CI 0.10-2.07). In the quantitative analysis of the interaction model, PM10 at the level of 100-120 μg/m3, PM2.5 at the level of 60-80 μg/m3, and NO2 at the level of 60 μg/m3 or more have the greatest effect on the onset of influenza. The GPR model behaves better among prediction models. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to the air pollutant NO2 is associated with an increased risk of influenza with a cumulative lag effect. Prioritizing winter and spring pollution monitoring and influenza prediction modeling should be our focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 110100, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Shenyang Natural Focal Diseases Clinical Medical Research Center, 110100, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiming Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, 110122, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyu Hou
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.85 Jiefang South Road, 030012, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, 110122, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education, No.77 Puhe Road, 110122, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Zhu PP, Gao Y, Zhou GZ, Liu R, Li XB, Fu XX, Fu J, Lin F, Zhou YP, Li L. Short-term effects of high-resolution (1-km) ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10 on hospital admission for pulmonary tuberculosis: a case-crossover study in Hainan, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1252741. [PMID: 37736088 PMCID: PMC10509552 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1252741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is limited evidence regarding particulate matter (PM)'s short-term effects on pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) hospital admission. Our study aimed to determine the short-term associations of the exposure to ambient PM with aerodynamic diameters <2.5 μm (PM2.5) and < 10 μm (PM10) with hospital admission for PTB in Hainan, a tropical province in China. Methods We collected individual data on patients hospitalized with PTB, PM2.5, PM10, and meteorological data from 2016 to 2019 in Hainan Province, China. Conditional logistic regression models with a time-stratified case-crossover design were used to assess the short-term effects of PM2.5 and PM10 on hospital admission for PTB at a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km. Stratified analyses were performed according to age at admission, sex, marital status, administrative division, and season of admission. Results Each interquartile range (IQR) increases in the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with 1.155 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.041-1.282) and 1.142 (95% CI: 1.033-1.263) hospital admission risks for PTB at lag 0-8 days, respectively. The stratified analyses showed that the effects of PM2.5 and PM10 were statistically significant for patients aged ≥65 years, males, married, and those residing in prefecture-level cities. Regarding seasonal differences, the associations between PM and hospital admission for PTB were statistically significant in the warm season but not in the cold season. The effect of PM2.5 was consistently stronger than that of PM10 in most subgroups. Conclusion Short-term exposure to PM increases the risk of hospital admission for PTB. The potential impact of PM with smaller aerodynamic diameter is more detrimental. Our findings highlight the importance of reducing ambient PM level to alleviate the burden of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou Municipal People’s Hospital and Central South University Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xian-Xian Fu
- Clinical Lab, Haikou Municipal People’s Hospital and Central South University Xiangya Medical College Affiliated Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Jian Fu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease and Hepatology Unit, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Biostatistics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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19
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Yzermans CJ, Moleman YP, Spreeuwenberg P, Nielen MMJ, Dückers MLA, Smit LAM, Baliatsas C. Risk of pneumonia in the vicinity of goat farms: a comparative assessment of temporal variation based on longitudinal health data. Pneumonia (Nathan) 2023; 15:13. [PMID: 37667350 PMCID: PMC10478456 DOI: 10.1186/s41479-023-00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the association between living in the vicinity of a goat farm and the occurrence of pneumonia is well-documented, it is unclear whether the higher risk of pneumonia in livestock dense areas is season-specific or not. This study explored the temporal variation of the association between exposure to goat farms and the occurrence of pneumonia. METHODS A large population-based study was conducted in the Netherlands, based on electronic health records from 49 general practices, collected for a period of six consecutive years (2014-2019). Monthly incidence rates of pneumonia in a livestock dense area were compared with those of a control group (areas with low livestock density) both per individual year and cumulatively for the entire six-year period. Using individual estimates of livestock exposure, it was also examined whether incidence of pneumonia differed per month if someone lived within a certain radius from a goat farm, compared to residents who lived further away. RESULTS Pneumonia was consistently more common in the livestock dense area throughout the year, compared to the control area. Analyses on the association between the individual livestock exposure estimates and monthly pneumonia incidence for the whole six-year period, yielded a generally higher risk for pneumonia among people living within 500 m from a goat farm, compared to those living further away. Significant associations were observed for March (IRR 1.68, 95% CI 1.02-2.78), August (IRR 2.67, 95% CI 1.45-4.90) and September (IRR 2.52, 95% CI 1.47-4.32). CONCLUSIONS The increased occurrence of pneumonia in the vicinity of goat farms is not season-specific. Instead, pneumonia is more common in livestock dense areas throughout the year, including summer months.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Joris Yzermans
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Youri P Moleman
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Spreeuwenberg
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mark M J Nielen
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Michel L A Dückers
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lidwien A M Smit
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christos Baliatsas
- Nivel (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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20
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Marín-Palma D, Fernandez GJ, Ruiz-Saenz J, Taborda NA, Rugeles MT, Hernandez JC. Particulate matter impairs immune system function by up-regulating inflammatory pathways and decreasing pathogen response gene expression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12773. [PMID: 37550362 PMCID: PMC10406897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter produced by industrial sources and automobiles has been linked to increased susceptibility to infectious diseases and it is known to be recognized by cells of the immune system. The molecular mechanisms and changes in gene expression profiles induced in immune cells by PM have not been fully mapped out or systematically integrated. Here, we use RNA-seq to analyze mRNA profiles of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after exposure to coarse particulate matter (PM10). Our analyses showed that PM10 was able to reprogram the expression of 1,196 genes in immune cells, including activation of a proinflammatory state with an increase in cytokines and chemokines. Activation of the IL-36 signaling pathway and upregulation of chemokines involved in neutrophil and monocyte recruitment suggest mechanisms for inflammation upon PM exposure, while NK cell-recruiting chemokines are repressed. PM exposure also increases transcription factors associated with inflammatory pathways (e.g., JUN, RELB, NFKB2, etc.) and reduces expression of RNases and pathogen response genes CAMP, DEFAs, AZU1, APOBEC3A and LYZ. Our analysis across gene regulatory and signaling pathways suggests that PM plays a role in the dysregulation of immune cell functions, relevant for antiviral responses and general host defense against pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damariz Marín-Palma
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Grupo Biología y Control de Enfermedades Infecciosas BCEI, Universidad de Antioquia-UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julian Ruiz-Saenz
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Animales GRICA, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Natalia A Taborda
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
- Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Campus Medellín-Envigado, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Maria T Rugeles
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia.
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21
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Song X, Guo X, Hu X, Zhang Y, Wei D, Hu Y, Jiang L, Zhang Y. Human exposure risk assessment for infectious diseases due to temperature and air pollution: an overview of reviews. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:88272-88280. [PMID: 37440140 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution and global temperature change are expected to affect infectious diseases. Air pollution usually causes inflammatory response and disrupts immune defense system, while temperature mainly exacerbates the effect of vectors on humans. Yet to date overview of systematic reviews assessing the exposure risk of air pollutants and temperature on infectious diseases is unavailable. This article aims to fill this research gap. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigated the exposure risk of pollutants or temperature on infectious diseases were included. Two investigators screened literature, extracted data and performed the risk of bias assessments independently. A total of 23 articles met the inclusion criteria, which 3 (13%) were "low" quality and 20 (87%) were "critically low" quality. COVID-19 morbidity was associated with long-term exposure PM2.5 (RR = 1.056 per 1 [Formula: see text], 95% CI: 1.039-1.072) and NO2 (RR = 1.042 per 1 [Formula: see text], 95% CI: 1.017-1.068). In addition, for each 1 °C increase in temperature, the morbidity risk of dengue increased 13% (RR = 1.130 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.120-1.150), infectious diarrhea increased 8% (RR = 1.080 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.050-1.200), and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) increased 5% (RR = 1.050 per 1 °C, 95% CI: 1.020-1.080). In conclusion, PM2.5 and NO2 increased the risk of COVID-19 and temperatures were associated with dengue, infectious diarrhoea and HFMD morbidity. Moreover, the exposure risk of temperature on COVID-19 was recommended to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuping Song
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- McMaster Health Forum, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, L8S4L8, Canada
| | - Xinye Guo
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dandan Wei
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yue Hu
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | | | - Yan Zhang
- Gansu Province Hospital Rehabilitation Center, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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22
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Wang S, Wu G, Du Z, Wu W, Ju X, Yimaer W, Chen S, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang W, Hao Y. The causal links between long-term exposure to major PM 2.5 components and the burden of tuberculosis in China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 870:161745. [PMID: 36690108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to estimate the causal impacts of long-term exposure to major PM2.5 components - including black carbon, organic matter, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium - on the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis in China. METHODS We collected annual and provincial-level tuberculosis incidence and mortality, concentrations of PM2.5 components, and socioeconomic indicators from between 2004 and 2018 in mainland China. We used the difference-in-differences (DID) causal inference approach with a generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression model to estimate the long-term effects and relative contributions of PM2.5 components' exposure on tuberculosis incidence and mortality. RESULTS We found that long-term multi-components exposure was significantly associated with tuberculosis incidence (WQS index IR%:8.34 %, 95 % CI:4.54 %-12.27 %) and mortality (WQS index IR%:19.49 %, 95 % CI: 9.72 %-30.13 %). Primary pollutants, black carbon and organic matter, contributed most of the overall mixture effect (over 85 %). Nitrate showed a critical role in tuberculosis burden in not-aging provinces and in regions at the Q3 stratum (i.e., the 3rd quartile) of GDP per capita and urbanization rate. Meanwhile the contribution of sulfate to tuberculosis burden in regions at the Q1 stratum of GDP per capita and urbanization rate was the largest among the effect of secondary pollutants (i.e., sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium). CONCLUSION The mitigation of black carbon and organic matter pollution may significantly reduce the tuberculosis burden in China. Controlling nitrate emissions and increasing clean energy (i.e., energy sources with limited pollution emissions, such as natural gas and clean coal) may also be effective in certain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gonghua Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhicheng Du
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Ju
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wumitijiang Yimaer
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shirui Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Wangjian Zhang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health & Center for Health Information Research & Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Peking, China.
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Wang XQ, Zhang KD, Yu WJ, Zhao JW, Huang K, Hu CY, Zhang XJ, Kan XH. Associations of exposures to air pollution and greenness with mortality in a newly treated tuberculosis cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34229-34242. [PMID: 36504301 PMCID: PMC9742034 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Some previous studies had linked air pollutants and greenness to the risk of death from tuberculosis (TB). Only a few studies had examined the effect of particulate matter (PM2.5) on the mortality of TB, and few studies had assessed the impact and interaction of multiple air pollutants and greenness on the mortality of newly treated TB patients. The study included 29,519 newly treated TB patients from three cities in Anhui province. We collected meteorological data and five pollutants data from The National Meteorological Science Center and air quality monitoring stations. Greenness data were generated by remote sensing inversion of medium-resolution satellite images. We geocoded each patient based on the residential address to calculate the average exposure to air pollutants and the average greenness exposure for each patient during treatment. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to evaluate the effects of air pollutants and greenness on mortality in newly treated tuberculosis patients. Our results found that the higher the concentration of air pollutants in the living environment of newly treated TB patients, the greater the risk of death: HR 1.135 (95% CI: 1.123-1.147) and HR 1.333 (95% CI: 1.296-1.370) per 10 μg/m3 of PM2.5 and SO2, respectively. Greenness reduced the mortality among newly treated TB patients: HR for NDVI exposure 0.936 (95% CI: 0.925-0.947), HR for NDVI_250m exposure 0.927 (95% CI: 0.916-0.938), and HR for NDVI_500m exposure 0.919 (95% CI: 0.908-0.931). Stratifying the cohort by median greenness exposure, HRs for air pollutants were lower in the high greenness exposure group. Mortality in newly treated TB patients is influenced by air pollutants and greenness. Higher green exposure can mitigate the effects of air pollution. Improving air quality may help reduce mortality among newly treated TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kang-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kai Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Clinical College of Chest, Anhui Chest Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
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24
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Popovic I, Soares Magalhães RJ, Yang Y, Yang S, Yang B, Dong G, Wei X, Fox GJ, Hammer MS, Martin RV, van Donkelaar A, Ge E, Marks GB, Knibbs LD. Effects of long-term ambient air pollution exposure on township-level pulmonary tuberculosis notification rates during 2005-2017 in Ningxia, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120718. [PMID: 36435281 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining long-term effects of ambient air pollution exposure, measured as annual averages, on pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) incidence are scarce, particularly in endemic, rural settings. We performed a small-area study in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR), a high TB-burden area in rural China, using township-level (n = 358 non-overlapping townships) annual TB notification data (2005-2017). We aimed to determine if annual average concentrations of ambient air pollution (particulate matter <2·5 μm [PM2·5], nitrogen dioxide [NO2] ozone [O3]) were associated with TB notification rates (as a proxy for incidence). Air pollution effects on TB notification rates at township-level were estimated as incidence rate ratios (IRR), fitted using a generalised estimating equation (GEE) adjusted for covariates (age, sex, occupation, education, ethnicity, remoteness [urban or rural], household crowding and solid fuel use). A total of 38,942 TB notifications were reported in NHAR between 2005 and 2017. The mean annual TB notification rate was 67 (standard deviation [SD]; 7) per 100,000 people. Median concentrations of PM2·5, NO2, and O3 were 42 μg/m3 (interquartile range [IQR]; 38-48 μg/m3), 15 ppb (IQR; 12-16 ppb), and 56 ppb (IQR; 56-57 ppb), respectively. In single pollutant models, adjusted for covariates, an interquartile range (IQR) increase (10 μg/m3) in PM2·5 was significantly associated with higher TB notification rates (IRR: 1∙35; 95% CI: 1·25-1·48). Comparable effects on notifications of TB were observed for increases in NO2 exposure (IRR: 1·20 per IQR (4 ppb) increase; 95% CI: 1·08-1·31). Ground-level ozone was not associated with TB notification rate in any models. The observed effects were consistent over time, in multi-pollutant models, and appeared robust to additional adjustment for indicators of household crowding, solid fuel use and remoteness. More rigorous study designs are needed to understand if improving air quality has population-level benefits on TB disease incidence in endemic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Popovic
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, 4006, Australia; UQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia.
| | - Ricardo J Soares Magalhães
- UQ Spatial Epidemiology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland, Gatton, 4343, Australia; Children's Health and Environment Program, UQ Children's Health Research Center, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, 4101, Australia
| | - Yurong Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology & Medical Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shukun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, The First People's Hospital in Yinchuan, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Boyi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510085, China
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510085, China
| | - Xiaolin Wei
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Greg J Fox
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Melanie S Hammer
- Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, 63130, United States
| | - Randall V Martin
- Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, 63130, United States; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - Aaron van Donkelaar
- Department of Energy, Environmental, and Chemical Engineering, Washington University, St Louis, 63130, United States; Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 3J5, Canada
| | - Erjia Ge
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Guy B Marks
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, 2170, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, 2037, Australia
| | - Luke D Knibbs
- Public Health Unit, Sydney Local Health District, Camperdown, 2050, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, 2006, Australia
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Zhu S, Wu Y, Wang Q, Gao L, Chen L, Zeng F, Yang P, Gao Y, Yang J. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and greenness in relation to pulmonary tuberculosis in China: A nationwide modelling study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114100. [PMID: 35985487 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have attempted to clarify the relationship between the occurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and exposure to air pollutants. However, evidence from multi-centres, particularly at the national level, is scarce, and no study has examined the modifying effect of greenness on air pollution-TB associations. In this study, we examined the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants (PM10 p.m.2.5, and O3) and monthly PTB or smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (SPPTB) incidence to further evaluate whether these associations were affected by greenness in mainland China using a two-stage analytic procedure. PM2.5 was positively associated with both PTB and SPPTB incidence, with relative risk (RR) of 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03, 1.22) and 1.08 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.10) per 10 μg/m3 increase, respectively. Furthermore, PM10 was positively associated with PTB incidence, with RR of 1.07 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.13). However, O3 was not associated with the monthly incidence of PTB or SPPTB. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) exhibited a modifying effect on the association between PM2.5 exposure and SPPTB incidence in northern areas, with RR of 1.16 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.31) in lower mean annual NDVI areas than in the higher areas (RR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.87, 1.09). This nationwide analysis indicated that NDVI could reduce the effect of air pollutants on TB incidence particularly in the northern areas. Long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) may increase the occurrence of PTB or SPPTB in China, and further studies involving larger numbers of SPPTB cases are required to confirm the effects of PM exposure on SPPTB incidence in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui Zhu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Ya Wu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Centre for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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26
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Beentjes D, Shears RK, French N, Neill DR, Kadioglu A. Mechanistic Insights into the Impact of Air Pollution on Pneumococcal Pathogenesis and Transmission. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 206:1070-1080. [PMID: 35649181 PMCID: PMC9704843 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202112-2668tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is the leading cause of pneumonia and bacterial meningitis. A number of recent studies indicate an association between the incidence of pneumococcal disease and exposure to air pollution. Although the epidemiological evidence is substantial, the underlying mechanisms by which the various components of air pollution (particulate matter and gases such as NO2 and SO2) can increase susceptibility to pneumococcal infection are less well understood. In this review, we summarize the various effects air pollution components have on pneumococcal pathogenesis and transmission; exposure to air pollution can enhance host susceptibility to pneumococcal colonization by impairing the mucociliary activity of the airway mucosa, reducing the function and production of key antimicrobial peptides, and upregulating an important pneumococcal adherence factor on respiratory epithelial cells. Air pollutant exposure can also impair the phagocytic killing ability of macrophages, permitting increased replication of S. pneumoniae. In addition, particulate matter has been shown to activate various extra- and intracellular receptors of airway epithelial cells, which may lead to increased proinflammatory cytokine production. This increases recruitment of innate immune cells, including macrophages and neutrophils. The inflammatory response that ensues may result in significant tissue damage, thereby increasing susceptibility to invasive disease, because it allows S. pneumoniae access to the underlying tissues and blood. This review provides an in-depth understanding of the interaction between air pollution and the pneumococcus, which has the potential to aid the development of novel treatments or alternative strategies to prevent disease, especially in areas with high concentrations of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan Beentjes
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca K Shears
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Neil French
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel R Neill
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Aras Kadioglu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Zhang S, Chen X, Dai C, Wang J, Wang H. Associations between air pollutants and risk of respiratory infection: patient-based bacterial culture in sputum. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:4007-4016. [PMID: 34806153 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01154-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a crucial risk factor for respiratory infection. However, the relationships between air pollution and respiratory infection based on pathogen detection are scarcely explored in the available literature. We detected respiratory infections through patient-based bacterial culture in sputum, obtained hourly data of all six pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO, CO, and O3) from four air quality monitoring stations, and assessed the relationships of air pollutants and respiratory bacterial infection and multi-drug-resistant bacteria. Air pollution remains a challenge for Mianyang, China, especially PM2.5 and PM10, and there are seasonal differences; pollution is the heaviest in winter and the lowest in summer. A total of 4237 pathogenic bacteria were detected, and the positive rate of multi-drug-resistant bacteria was 0.38%. Similar seasonal differences were found with respect to respiratory infection. In a single-pollutant model, all pollutants were significantly associated with respiratory bacterial infection, but only O3 was significantly associated with multi-drug-resistant bacteria. In multi-pollutant models (adjusted for one pollutant), the relationships of air pollutants with respiratory bacterial infection remained significant, while PM2.5, PM10, and O3 were significantly associated with the risk of infection with multi-drug-resistant bacteria. When adjusted for other five pollutants, only O3 was significantly associated with respiratory bacterial infection and the risk of infection with multi-drug-resistant bacteria, showing that O3 is an independent risk factor for respiratory bacterial infection and infection with multi-drug-resistant bacteria. In summary, this study highlights the adverse effects of air pollution on respiratory infection and the risk of infection with multi-drug-resistant bacteria, which may provide a basis for the formulation of environmental policy to prevent respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaocheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, 127 Deshengxi Rd., Suining, 629000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Chunmei Dai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, 621000, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Rd., Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
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28
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Huang K, Hu CY, Yang XY, Zhang Y, Wang XQ, Zhang KD, Li YQ, Wang J, Yu WJ, Cheng X, Cao JY, Zhang T, Kan XH, Zhang XJ. Contributions of ambient temperature and relative humidity to the risk of tuberculosis admissions: A multicity study in Central China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156272. [PMID: 35644395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a communicable disease and major public health issue, many studies have quantified the associations between tuberculosis (TB) and meteorological factors with inconsistent results. The purpose of this multicenter study was to characterize the associations between ambient temperature, humidity and the risk of TB hospitalizations and to investigate potential heterogeneity. METHOD Data on daily hospitalizations for TB, meteorological factors and ambient air pollutants for 16 cities in Anhui Province were collected from 2015 to 2020. A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was performed to obtain the estimates of meteorological-TB relationships by cities. Then, we used the multivariate meta-regression model to pool the city-specific estimates with air pollution, demographic indicators, medical resource and latitude as potential modifiers to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Finally, we divided the whole province into three regions to validate the meteorological-TB relationships by regions. RESULTS The overall pooled temperature-TB association presented an approximate S-shaped curve, with relative risk (RR) peaking at 5 °C (RR = 1.536, 95% CI: 1.303-1.811) compared to the reference temperature (27 °C). Lag-response curve suggested that low temperature exposure increased the risk of TB hospitalizations at lag 0 and 1 day (lag0 day: RR = 1.136, 95% CI: 1.048-1.231, lag1 day: RR = 1.052, 95% CI: 1.023-1.082). However, the overall exposure-response curve between relative humidity and TB showed almost horizontal line with reference relative humidity to 78%. The residual heterogeneity ranged from 27.1% to 36.9%, with air pollution, latitude and medical resource explained the largest proportion. CONCLUSION We found that low temperature exposure is associated with an acute increased risk of TB hospitalizations in Anhui Province. The association between temperature and TB admission varies depending on air pollution, latitude, and medical resources. Since the effect of short-term exposure to humidity is not significant, further studies are supposed to focus on the long-term effect of humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei 230601, China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xi-Yao Yang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yunquan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Kang-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying-Qing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ji-Yu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Medical University Clinical College of Chest, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei 230022, China.
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, China.
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29
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Álvaro-Meca A, Goez MDC, Resino R, Matías V, Sepúlveda-Crespo D, Martínez I, Resino S. Environmental factors linked to hospital admissions in young children due to acute viral lower respiratory infections: A bidirectional case-crossover study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113319. [PMID: 35447151 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the association of the short-term exposure to environmental factors (relative humidity, temperature, NO2, SO2, O3, PM10, and CO) with hospital admissions due to acute viral lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children under two years before the COVID-19 era. METHODS We performed a bidirectional case-crossover study in 30,445 children with ALRI under two years of age in the Spanish Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) from 2013 to 2015. Environmental data were obtained from Spain's State Meteorological Agency (AEMET). The association was assessed by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Lower temperature one week before the day of the event (hospital admission) (q-value = 0.012) and higher relative humidity one week (q-value = 0.003) and two weeks (q-value<0.001) before the day of the event were related to a higher odds of hospital admissions. Higher NO2 levels two weeks before the event were associated with hospital admissions (q-value<0.001). Moreover, higher concentrations on the day of the event for SO2 (compared to lag time of 1-week (q-value = 0.026) and 2-weeks (q-value<0.001)), O3 (compared to lag time of 3-days (q-value<0.001), 1-week (q-value<0.001), and 2-weeks (q-value<0.001)), and PM10 (compared to lag time of 2-weeks (q-value<0.001)) were related to an increased odds of hospital admissions for viral ALRI. CONCLUSION Short-term exposure to environmental factors (climatic conditions and ambient air contaminants) was linked to a higher likelihood of hospital admissions due to ALRI. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring environmental factors to assess the odds of ALRI hospital admissions and plan public health resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Álvaro-Meca
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rosa Resino
- Departamento de Geografía Humana, Facultad de Geografía e Historia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Matías
- Servicio de Pedíatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid. Spain
| | - Isidoro Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid. Spain
| | - Salvador Resino
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid. Spain.
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30
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Chong KC, Yeoh EK, Leung CC, Lau SYF, Lam HCY, Goggins WB, Zhao S, Ran J, Mohammad KN, Chan RWY, Lai CKC, Chan PKS, Leung CSY, Chen VXY, Wang Y, Wei Y. Independent effect of weather, air pollutants, and seasonal influenza on risk of tuberculosis hospitalization: An analysis of 22-year hospital admission data. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155711. [PMID: 35523336 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While influenza infections and environmental factors have been documented as potential drivers of tuberculosis, no investigations have simultaneously examined their impact on tuberculosis at a population level. This study thereby made use of Hong Kong's surveillance data over 22 years to elucidate the temporal association between environmental influences, influenza infections, and tuberculosis activity. METHODS Weekly total numbers of hospital admissions due to tuberculosis, meteorological data, and outdoor air pollutant concentrations in Hong Kong during 1998-2019 were obtained. All-type influenza-like illness positive (ILI+) rate and type-specific ILI+ rates were used as proxies for influenza activity. Quasi-Poisson generalized additive models together with distributed lag non-linear models were used to assess the association of interest. RESULTS A total of 164,116 hospital admissions due to tuberculosis were notified in public settings over a period of 22 years. The cumulative adjusted relative risk (ARR) of hospital admission due to tuberculosis was 1.07 (95% CI, 1.00-1.14) when the mean ambient temperature increased from 15.1 °C (the 5th percentile) to 24.5 °C (median). Short-term exposure to air pollutants was not found to be statistically significantly related to tuberculosis hospitalization. Accounting for the environmental covariates in the analysis, the cumulative ARR of tuberculosis admission was elevated to 1.05 (95% CI, 1.01-1.08) when the rate of ILI+ total increased from zero to 19.9 per 1000 consultations, the 95th percentile. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that increased influenza activity and higher temperature were related to a higher risk of tuberculosis admissions. Stepping up the promotion of influenza vaccination, especially before the summer season, may lower the risk of tuberculosis infection/reactivation for vulnerable groups (e.g. elderly born before the launch of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination programme).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Chun Chong
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China; Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eng Kiong Yeoh
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Chiu Leung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven Yuk Fai Lau
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Holly Ching Yu Lam
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - William Bernard Goggins
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shi Zhao
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Clinical Trials and Biostatistics Laboratory, Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinjun Ran
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kirran N Mohammad
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Renee Wan Yi Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher Koon Chi Lai
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul Kay Sheung Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cecilia Shih Ya Leung
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Victor Xin Yuan Chen
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yawen Wang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuchen Wei
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Centre for Health Systems and Policy Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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31
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Xue Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Air pollution: A culprit of lung cancer. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128937. [PMID: 35452993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a global health problem, especially in the context of rapid economic development and the expansion of urbanization. Herein, we discuss the harmful effects of outdoor and indoor pollution on the lungs. Ambient particulate matters (PMs) from industrial and vehicle exhausts is associated with lung cancer. Workers exposed to asbestos, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and toxic metals are also likely to develop lung cancer. Indoors, cooking fumes, second-hand smoke, and radioactive products from house decoration materials play roles in the development of lung cancer. Bacteria and viruses can also be detrimental to health and are important risk factors in lung inflammation and cancer. Specific effects of lung cancer caused by air pollution are discussed in detail, including inflammation, DNA damage, and epigenetic regulation. In addition, advanced materials for personal protection, as well as the current government policies to prevent air pollution, are summarized. This review provides a basis for future research on the relationship between lung cancer and air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueguang Xue
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano safety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China; Henan Institute of advanced technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Liuxiang Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano safety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China; Henan Institute of advanced technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano safety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China; Henan Institute of advanced technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano safety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China; GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, PR China.
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano safety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China; GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510700, PR China.
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Wang XQ, Zhao JW, Zhang KD, Yu WJ, Wang J, Li YQ, Cheng X, Li ZH, Mao YC, Hu CY, Huang K, Ding K, Yang XJ, Chen SS, Zhang XJ, Kan XH. Short-term effect of sulfur dioxide (SO 2) change on the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits in 16 cities of Anhui Province, China: the first multi-city study to explore differences in occupational patients. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:50304-50316. [PMID: 35224697 PMCID: PMC8882443 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of biological studies suggest that exogenous sulfur dioxide (SO2) at a certain concentration may promote human resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, the results of most relevant studies are inconsistent, and few studies have explored the relationship between SO2 exposure and tuberculosis risk at provincial level. In addition, occupational exposure has long been considered to have a certain impact on the human body, so for the first time, we discussed the differences between different occupations in the study on the relationship between air pollutant exposure and tuberculosis risk, and evaluated the impact of occupational exposure. This study aimed to explore the association between short-term SO2 exposure and the risk of outpatient visits to tuberculosis in Anhui province and 16 prefecture-level cities from 2015 to 2020. We used several models for multi-stage analysis, including distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM), Poisson generalized linear regression model, and random-effects model. The association was assessed using the 28-day cumulative lag effect RR and 95%CI for each 10-unit increase in SO2 concentration. We divided all patients into the following six occupations: Worker, Farmer, Retired people, Children and Students, Cadre and Office clerk, and Service staff (catering, business, etc.). Sex, age, and season were analyzed by subgroup. Finally, the robustness of the multi-pollutant model was tested. At provincial level, the overall effect value of SO2 was RR=0.8191 (95%CI: 07702~0.8712); after grouping all patients by occupation, the association found only among Farmers (RR = 0.7150, 95%CI: 0.6699-0.7632, lag 0-28 days) and Workers (RR = 0.8566, 95%CI: 0.7930-0.9930, lag 0-4 days) was still statistically significant. Estimates for individual cities and using random-effects models to estimate average associations showed that SO2 exposure was associated with a reduced risk of outpatient TB visits in 14 municipalities, which remained significant when aggregated (RR = 0.9030, 95%CI: 0.8730-0.9340). Analysis of patients grouped by occupation in each municipality showed that statistical significance was again observed only in the Farmer (RR = 0.8880, 95%CI: 0.8610-0.9160) and Worker (RR = 0.8250, 95%CI: 0.7290-0.9340) groups. Stratified analysis of age, sex, and season showed that the effect of SO2 exposure was greater for middle-aged people (18-64 years old) and males, and less for seasonal changes. In summary, we found that exposure to SO2 reduces the risk of outpatient visits to tuberculosis, with farmers and workers more susceptible to SO2. Gender and age had a greater impact on the risk of TB outpatient visits than seasonal variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kang-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Qing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kai Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Kun Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | | | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
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Di Ciaula A, Bonfrate L, Portincasa P, Appice C, Belfiore A, Binetti M, Cafagna G, Campanale G, Carrieri A, Cascella G, Cataldi S, Cezza A, Ciannarella M, Cicala L, D'Alitto F, Dell'Acqua A, Dell'Anna L, Diaferia M, Erroi G, Fiermonte F, Galerati I, Giove M, Grimaldi L, Mallardi C, Mastrandrea E, Mazelli GD, Mersini G, Messina G, Messina M, Montesano A, Noto A, Novielli ME, Noviello M, Palma MV, Palmieri VO, Passerini F, Perez F, Piro C, Prigigallo F, Pugliese S, Rossi O, Stasi C, Stranieri R, Vitariello G. Nitrogen dioxide pollution increases vulnerability to COVID-19 through altered immune function. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:44404-44412. [PMID: 35133597 PMCID: PMC9200946 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous ecological studies suggest the existence of possible interplays between the exposure to air pollutants and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Confirmations at individual level, however, are lacking. To explore the relationships between previous exposure to particulate matter < 10 μm (PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), the clinical outcome following hospital admittance, and lymphocyte subsets in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia. In 147 geocoded patients, we assessed the individual exposure to PM10 and NO2 in the 2 weeks before hospital admittance. We divided subjects according to the clinical outcome (i.e., discharge at home vs in-hospital death), and explored the lymphocyte-related immune function as an index possibly affecting individual vulnerability to the infection. As compared with discharged subjects, patients who underwent in-hospital death presented neutrophilia, lymphopenia, lower number of T CD45, CD3, CD4, CD16/56 + CD3 + , and B CD19 + cells, and higher previous exposure to NO2, but not PM10. Age and previous NO2 exposure were independent predictors for mortality. NO2 concentrations were also negatively related with the number of CD45, CD3, and CD4 cells. Previous NO2 exposure is a co-factor independently affecting the mortality risk in infected individuals, through negative immune effects. Lymphopenia and altered lymphocyte subsets might precede viral infection due to nonmodifiable (i.e., age) and external (i.e., air pollution) factors. Thus, decreasing the burden of air pollutants should be a valuable primary prevention measure to reduce individual susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy.
- International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), Arezzo, Italy.
| | - Leonilde Bonfrate
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | | | - C Appice
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Belfiore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Binetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Cafagna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Campanale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Carrieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Cascella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - S Cataldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Cezza
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Ciannarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - L Cicala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - F D'Alitto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Dell'Acqua
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - L Dell'Anna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Diaferia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Erroi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - F Fiermonte
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - I Galerati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Giove
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - L Grimaldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - C Mallardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - E Mastrandrea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G D Mazelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Mersini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Messina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Messina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Montesano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - A Noto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M E Novielli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M Noviello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - M V Palma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - V O Palmieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - F Passerini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - F Perez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - C Piro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - F Prigigallo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - S Pugliese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - O Rossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - C Stasi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - R Stranieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
| | - G Vitariello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School, Bari, Italy
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Association of Daily Exposure to Air Pollutants with the Risk of Tuberculosis in Xuhui District of Shanghai, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106085. [PMID: 35627622 PMCID: PMC9141396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that air pollutant exposure is related to tuberculosis (TB) risk, but results have not been consistent. This study evaluated the relation between daily air pollutant exposure and TB incidence in Shanghai from 2014 to 2019. Overall, there were four pollutants that were positively related to the risk of new TB cases. After a 5 μg/m3 increase, the maximum lag-specific and cumulative relative risk (RR) of SO2 were 1.081, (95% CI: 1.035–1.129, lag: 3 days) and 1.616 (95% CI: 1.119–2.333, lag: 0–13 days), while for NO2, they were 1.061 (95% CI: 1.015–1.11, lag: 4 days) and 1.8 (95% CI: 1.113–2.91, lag: 0–15 days). As for PM2.5, with a 50 μg/m3 increase, the lag-specific and cumulative RR were 1.064 (95% CI: 1–1.132, lag: 6 days) and 3.101 (95% CI: 1.096–8.777, lag: 0–21 days), while for CO, the lag-specific RR was 1.03 (95% CI: 1.005–1.057, lag: 8 days) and the cumulative RR was 1.436 (95% CI: 1.004–2.053, lag: 0–16 days) with a 100 μg/m3 increase. The associations tended to be stronger in male and elderly patients and differed with seasons. Air pollutant exposure may be a risk factor for TB incidence.
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PM2.5 Exposure and Asthma Development: The Key Role of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3618806. [PMID: 35419163 PMCID: PMC9001082 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3618806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the endogenous antioxidant defense system, leading to cellular damage. Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease. The presence of asthma tends to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the antioxidant system in the lungs is insufficient to mitigate it. Therefore, asthma can lead to an exacerbation of airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. PM2.5 exposure increases ROS levels. Meanwhile, the accumulation of ROS will further enhance the oxidative stress response, resulting in DNA, protein, lipid, and other cellular and molecular damage, leading to respiratory diseases. An in-depth study on the relationship between oxidative stress and PM2.5-related asthma is helpful to understand the pathogenesis and progression of the disease and provides a new direction for the treatment of the disease. This paper reviews the research progress of oxidative stress in PM2.5-induced asthma as well as highlights the therapeutic potentials of antioxidant approaches in treatment of asthma.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pulmonary Rehabilitation: From Novel Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches to Management of Post-Tuberculosis Sequelae. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040569. [PMID: 35455684 PMCID: PMC9027178 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still a worldwide public health burden, as more than 1.3 million deaths are expected to be reported in 2021. Even though almost 20 million patients have completed specific anti-TB treatment and survived in 2020, little information is known regarding their pulmonary sequelae, quality of life, and their need to follow rehabilitation services as researchers shifted towards proper diagnosis and treatment rather than analyzing post-disease development. Understanding the underlying immunologic and pathogenic mechanisms during mycobacterial infection, which have been incompletely elucidated until now, and the development of novel anti-TB agents could lead to the proper application of rehabilitation care, as TB sequelae result from interaction between the host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This review addresses the importance of host immune responses in TB and novel potential anti-TB drugs’ mechanisms, as well as the assessment of risk factors for post-TB disease and usefulness of guidance and optimization of pulmonary rehabilitation. The use of rehabilitation programs for patients who successfully completed anti-tuberculotic treatment represents a potent multifaceted measure in preventing the increase of mortality rates, as researchers conclude that a patient with a TB diagnosis, even when properly completing pharmacotherapy, is threatened by a potential life loss of 4 years, in comparison to healthy individuals. Dissemination of pulmonary rehabilitation services and constant actualization of protocols could strengthen management of post-TB disease among under-resourced individuals.
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Wang XQ, Li YQ, Hu CY, Huang K, Ding K, Yang XJ, Cheng X, Zhang KD, Yu WJ, Wang J, Zhang YZ, Ding ZT, Zhang XJ, Kan XH. Short-term effect of ambient air pollutant change on the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits: a time-series study in Fuyang, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:30656-30672. [PMID: 34993790 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17323-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that air pollution plays a role in TB, and most studies have been conducted in the core countries with inconsistent results. Few studies have comprehensively included the six common air pollutants, so they cannot consider whether various pollutants interact with each other. Our objectives were to investigate the association between short-term exposure to six common air pollutants and the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits in Fuyang, China, 2015-2020. We combined the two models to explore the effects of exposure to six air pollutants on the risk of tuberculosis outpatient visits, including the Poisson generalized linear regression model and distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM). We performed stratified analyses for the season, type of cases, gender, and age. We used the lag-specific relative risks and cumulative relative risk obtained by increasing pollutant concentration by per 10 units to evaluate the connection between six air pollutants and TB; PM2.5 (RR = 1.0018, 95% CI: 1.0004-1.0032, delay of 12 days) and SO2 (RR = 1.0169, 95% CI: 1.0007-1.0333, lag 0-16 days) were 0.9549 (95% CI: 0.9389-0.9712, lag 0 day) and 0.8212 (95% CI: 0.7351-0.9173, 0-20-day lag). Stratified analyses showed that seasonal differences had a greater impact on TB, males were more likely to develop TB than females, older people were more likely to develop TB than younger people, and air pollution had a great impact on new cases. Exposure to O3, CO, PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 increases the risk of TB outpatient visits, except SO2 which reduces the risk. The incidence of TB has seasonal fluctuations. It is necessary for the government to establish a sound environmental monitoring and early warning system to strengthen the monitoring and emission management of pollutants in the atmosphere. Management, prevention, and treatment measures should be developed for high-risk groups (males and older people), reducing the risk of TB by reducing their specific behaviors and changing their lifestyle. We need to pay more attention to the impact of seasonal effects on TB to protect TB patients and avoid a shortage of medical resources, and it is necessary for the government to develop some seasonal preventive measures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Qiang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Qing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kun Ding
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kang-Di Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Wen-Jie Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yong-Zhong Zhang
- Anhui Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Zhen-Tao Ding
- Fuyang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 19 Zhongnan Avenue, Fuyang, 236030, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xiao-Hong Kan
- Anhui Medical University Clinical College of Chest, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
- Anhui Chest Hospital, 397 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230022, China.
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38
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Study on the Associations between Meteorological Factors and the Incidence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Xinjiang, China. ATMOSPHERE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos13040533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) has been a major threat to global public health. The association between meteorological factors and the incidence of PTB has been widely investigated by the generalized additive model, auto-regressive integrated moving average model and the distributed lag model, etc. However, these models could not address a non-linear or lag correlation between them. In this paper, a penalized distributed lag non-linear model, as a generalized and improved one, was applied to explore the influence of meteorological factors (such as air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed) on the PTB incidence in Xinjiang from 2004 to 2019. Moreover, we firstly use a comprehensive index (apparent temperature, AT) to access the impact of multiple meteorological factors on the incidence of PTB. It was found that the relationships between air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, AT and PTB incidence were nonlinear (showed “wave-type “, “invested U-type”, “U-type” and “wave-type”, respectively). When air temperature at the lowest value (−16.1 °C) could increase the risk of PTB incidence with the highest relative risk (RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.21–2.20). An assessment of relative humidity demonstrated an increased risk of PTB incidence between 44.5% and 71.8% with the largest relative risk (RR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.32–1.67) occurring at 59.2%. Both high and low wind speeds increased the risk of PTB incidence, especially at the lowest wind speed 1.4 m/s (RR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.95–2.51). In particular, the lag effects of low and high AT on PTB incidence were nonlinear. The lag effects of extreme cold AT (−18.5 °C, 1st percentile) on PTB incidence reached a relative risk peak (RR = 2.18, 95% CI: 2.06–2.31) at lag 1 month. Overall, it was indicated that the environment with low air temperature, suitable relative humidity and wind speed is more conducive to the transmission of PTB, and low AT is associated significantly with increased risk of PTB in Xinjiang.
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Xu M, Hu P, Chen R, Liu B, Chen H, Hou J, Ke L, Huang J, Ren H, Hu H. Association of long-term exposure to ambient air pollution with the number of tuberculosis cases notified: a time-series study in Hong Kong. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21621-21633. [PMID: 34767173 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the association of long-term exposure to air pollution and its attributable risks with the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases notified, a quasi-Poisson regression model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was constructed using monthly data on air pollution and TB cases notified in Hong Kong from 1999 to 2018. Nonlinear relationships between PM10, PM2.5, and CO and TB cases notified were identified. The concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and CO corresponding to the minimum numbers of TB cases notified (the minimum TB notification concentrations, MTNCs) were 58.3 μg/m3, 41.7 μg/m3, and 0.1 mg/m3, respectively. Compared with the MTNCs, the overall cumulative numbers of TB cases notified increased by 76.93% (95% CI: 13.08%, 176.83%), 88.81% (95% CI: 26.09%, 182.71%), and 233.43% (95% CI: 13.56%, 879.03%) for the 95th percentiles of PM10 and PM2.5 and for the 97.5th percentiles of CO, respectively. The TB notification rate attributed to concentration ranges above the 97.5th percentile of PM10, PM2.5, and CO was 3.38% (95% empirical confidence intervals [eCI]: 0.93%, 5.61%), 4.73% (95% eCI: 1.87%, 7.15%), and 3.34% (95% eCI: 0.29%, 5.83%), respectively. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of air pollution in Hong Kong may be associated with increases in the number of TB cases notified for this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, 430065, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Bing Liu
- Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Biological Products Management Office, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Li Ke
- Center of Health Administration and Development Studies, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine, Wuhan University Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Hairong Ren
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, 430065, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjiahu West Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, 430065, Hubei Province, China.
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Cano-Granda DV, Ramírez-Ramírez M, M. Gómez D, Hernandez JC. Effects of particulate matter on endothelial, epithelial and immune system cells. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.01.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate Matter (PM) is an air pollutant that is classified according to its aerodynamic diameter into particles with a diameter of less than 10 µm (PM10), a diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and particles ultra-fine with a diameter less than 0.1 µm (PM0.1). PM10 is housed in the respiratory system, while PM2.5 and 0.1 can pass into the circulation to generate systemic alterations. Although several diseases associated with PM exposure, such as respiratory, cardiovascular, and central nervous system, have been documented to cause 4.2 million premature deaths per year worldwide. Few reviews address cellular and molecular mechanisms in the epithelial and endothelial cells of the tissues exposed to PM, which can cause these diseases, this being the objective of the present review. For this, a search was carried out in the NCBI and Google Scholar databases focused on scientific publications that addressed the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules, adhesion molecules, and oxidative radicals, among others, and their relationship with the effects caused by the PM. The main findings include the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines and dysfunction in the components of the immune response; the formation of reactive oxygen species; changes in epithelial and endothelial function, evidenced by altered expression of adhesion molecules; and the increase in molecules involved in coagulation. Complementary studies are required to understand the molecular effects of harmful health effects and the future approach to strategies to mitigate this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna V. Cano-Granda
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia 2 Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mariana Ramírez-Ramírez
- Grupo Inmunovirología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia 2 Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana M. Gómez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan C. Hernandez
- Infettare, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Medellín, Colombia
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Punniyamurthy A, Sharma S, Kaur K, Nahar Saikia U, Khaiwal R, Sharma S, Verma I. PM 2.5 mediated alterations in the in vitro human granuloma and its effect on reactivation of mycobacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:14497-14508. [PMID: 34611809 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to particulate matter pollutant PM2.5 diminishes the immune response to mycobacterial antigens relevant to contain the infection in the granuloma, thus leading to reactivation of latent bacilli. The present study was therefore designed based on the hypothesis that exposure to PM2.5 affects the granuloma formation and reactivation of latent mycobacterial bacilli contained in the granuloma. For the sampling of PM2.5, based on initial standardisations, Teflon filter was selected over the quartz filter. Two different approaches were used to study the effect of PM2.5 on the human PBMC granuloma formed by Mycobacterium bovis BCG at multiplicity of infection (MOI) 0.1. In the first approach, granuloma formed in the presence of PM2.5 was loosely packed and ill-defined with significant downregulation of dormancy-associated mycobacterial genes, upregulation of reactivation-associated rpfB gene along with a significant increase in TNFα level without any change in the bacterial load in terms of CFUs. In the second approach, preformed human PBMC granuloma using M. bovis BCG was treated with PM2.5 that resulted in the disruption of granuloma architecture along with downregulation of not only dormancy-associated genes but also reactivation-associated rpfB gene of mycobacterial bacilli recovered from granuloma. However, there was no significant change in the host cytokine levels. Therefore, it can be inferred that PM2.5 can modulate the granuloma formation in vitro as well as mycobacterial gene expression in the granuloma with a possible role in the reactivation of latent bacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumedha Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Khushpreet Kaur
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Uma Nahar Saikia
- Department of Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ravindra Khaiwal
- Department of Community Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Indu Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Bai KJ, Tung NT, Hsiao TC, Chen TL, Chung KF, Ho SC, Tsai CY, Chen JK, Lee CN, Lee KY, Chang CC, Chen TT, Feng PH, Chen KY, Su CL, Thao HNX, Dung HB, Thuy TPC, Lee YL, Chuang HC. Associations between lung-deposited dose of particulate matter and culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis pleurisy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:6140-6150. [PMID: 34448140 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies identified the relationship between air pollution and pulmonary tuberculosis. Effects of lung-deposited dose of particulate matter (PM) on culture-positive pulmonary tuberculosis remain unclear. This study investigates the association between lung-deposited dose of PM and pulmonary tuberculosis pleurisy. A case-control study of subjects undergoing pleural effusion drainage of pulmonary tuberculosis (case) and chronic heart failure (control) was conducted. Metals and biomarkers were quantified in the pleural effusion. The air pollution exposure was measured and PM deposition in the head, tracheobronchial, alveolar region, and total lung region was estimated by Multiple-path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) Model. We performed multiple logistic regression to examine the associations of these factors with the risk of tuberculosis. We observed that 1-μg/m3 increase in PM10 was associated with 1.226-fold increased crude odds ratio (OR) of tuberculosis (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.023-1.469, p<0.05), 1-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5-10 was associated with 1.482-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.048-2.097, p < 0.05), 1-ppb increase in NO2 was associated with 1.218-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.025-1.447, p < 0.05), and 1-ppb increase in O3 was associated with 0.735-fold decreased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 0.542 0.995). We observed 1-μg/m3 increase in PM deposition in head and nasal region was associated with 1.699-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.065-2.711, p < 0.05), 1-μg/m3 increase in PM deposition in tracheobronchial region was associated with 1.592-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.095-2.313, p < 0.05), 1-μg/m3 increase in PM deposition in alveolar region was associated with 3.981-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.280-12.386, p < 0.05), and 1-μg/m3 increase in PM deposition in total lung was associated with 1.511-fold increased crude OR of tuberculosis (95% CI: 1.050-2.173, p < 0.05). The results indicate that particle deposition in alveolar region could cause higher risk of pulmonary tuberculosis pleurisy than deposition in other lung regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Jen Bai
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tung
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Ta-Chih Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shu-Chuan Ho
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jen-Kun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences and School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Nin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Tao Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hao Feng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yuan Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ling Su
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | | | - Hoang Ba Dung
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Phan Chung Thuy
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Niu Z, Qi Y, Zhao P, Li Y, Tao Y, Peng L, Qiao M. Short-term effects of ambient air pollution and meteorological factors on tuberculosis in semi-arid area, northwest China: a case study in Lanzhou. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:69190-69199. [PMID: 34291414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the short-term effects of ambient air pollution and meteorological factors on daily tuberculosis (TB), semi-parametric generalized additive model was used to assess the impacts of ambient air pollutants and meteorological factors on daily TB case from 2005 to 2010 in Chengguan District, Lanzhou, China. Then a non-stratification parametric model and a stratification parametric model were applied to study the interactive effect of air pollutants and meteorological factors on daily TB. The results show that sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10μm (PM10) were positively correlated with daily TB case; the excess risk (ER) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were 1.79% (0.40%, 3.20%), 3.86% (1.81%, 5.96%), and 0.32% (0.02%, 0.62%), respectively. Daily TB case was positively correlated with maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, vapor pressure, and relative humidity, but negatively correlated with atmospheric pressure, wind speed, and sunshine duration. The association with average temperature was the strongest, whose ER and 95% CI were 4.43% (3.15%, 5.72%). In addition, there were significant interaction effects between air pollutants and meteorological factors on daily TB case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Niu
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Qi
- Lanzhou Municipal Health Service Center, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Puqiu Zhao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidu Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Peng
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingli Qiao
- Gansu Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu Province, People's Republic of China
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Wang ZB, Ren L, Lu QB, Zhang XA, Miao D, Hu YY, Dai K, Li H, Luo ZX, Fang LQ, Liu EM, Liu W. The Impact of Weather and Air Pollution on Viral Infection and Disease Outcome Among Pediatric Pneumonia Patients in Chongqing, China, from 2009 to 2018: A Prospective Observational Study. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e513-e522. [PMID: 32668459 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For pediatric pneumonia, the meteorological and air pollution indicators have been frequently investigated for their association with viral circulation but not for their impact on disease severity. METHODS We performed a 10-year prospective, observational study in 1 hospital in Chongqing, China, to recruit children with pneumonia. Eight commonly seen respiratory viruses were tested. Autoregressive distributed lag (ADL) and random forest (RF) models were used to fit monthly detection rates of each virus at the population level and to predict the possibility of severe pneumonia at the individual level, respectively. RESULTS Between 2009 and 2018, 6611 pediatric pneumonia patients were included, and 4846 (73.3%) tested positive for at least 1 respiratory virus. The patient median age was 9 months (interquartile range, 4‒20). ADL models demonstrated a decent fitting of detection rates of R2 > 0.7 for respiratory syncytial virus, human rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, and human metapneumovirus. Based on the RF models, the area under the curve for host-related factors alone was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI], .87‒.89) and 0.86 (95% CI, .85‒.88) for meteorological and air pollution indicators alone and 0.62 (95% CI, .60‒.63) for viral infections alone. The final model indicated that 9 weather and air pollution indicators were important determinants of severe pneumonia, with a relative contribution of 62.53%, which is significantly higher than respiratory viral infections (7.36%). CONCLUSIONS Meteorological and air pollution predictors contributed more to severe pneumonia in children than did respiratory viruses. These meteorological data could help predict times when children would be at increased risk for severe pneumonia and when interventions, such as reducing outdoor activities, may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bo Wang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Luo Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Bin Lu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Miao
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Hu
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Dai
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Li
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Xiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qun Fang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - En-Mei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Blount RJ, Phan H, Trinh T, Dang H, Merrifield C, Zavala M, Zabner J, Comellas AP, Stapleton EM, Segal MR, Balmes J, Nhung NV, Nahid P. Indoor Air Pollution and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis Infection in Urban Vietnamese Children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:1211-1221. [PMID: 34343025 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202101-0136oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The Southeast Asian tuberculosis burden is high, and it remains unclear if urban indoor air pollution in this setting is exacerbating the epidemic. OBJECTIVES To determine the associations of latent tuberculosis with common urban indoor air pollution sources (secondhand smoke, indoor motorcycle emissions, and cooking) in Southeast Asia. METHODS We enrolled child household contacts of patients with microbiologically confirmed active tuberculosis in Vietnam, July 2017-December 2019. We tested children for latent tuberculosis and evaluated air pollution exposures with questionnaires and personal aerosol sampling. We tested hypotheses using generalized estimating equations. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We enrolled 72 tuberculosis patients (27% with cavitary disease) and 109 of their child household contacts. Of household contacts, 58 (53%) were diagnosed with latent tuberculosis at baseline visit. Children experienced a 2.56-fold increased odds of latent tuberculosis for each additional household member who smoked (95%CI 1.27-5.16). Odds were highest among children exposed to indoor smokers and children under five years old exposed to household smokers. Each residential floor above street-level pollution decreased the odds of latent tuberculosis by 36% (aOR 0.64, 95%CI 0.42-0.96). Motorcycles parked inside children's homes and cooking with liquid petroleum gas compared to electricity increased the odds of latent tuberculosis while kitchen ventilation decreased the effect, but these findings were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION Common urban indoor air pollution sources were associated with increased odds of latent tuberculosis infection in child household contacts of active tuberculosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Blount
- UI Carver College of Medicine, 12243, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States;
| | - Ha Phan
- Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Center for Promotion of Advancement of Society, Vietnam, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Trang Trinh
- Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Center for Promotion of Advancement of Society, Vietnam, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Hai Dang
- Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Center for Promotion of Advancement of Society, Vietnam, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Cindy Merrifield
- University of California San Francisco, 8785, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States.,University of California San Francisco, 8785, Center for Tuberculosis, San Francisco, California, United States.,Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Michael Zavala
- UI Carver College of Medicine, 12243, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Joseph Zabner
- UI Carver College of Medicine, 12243, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Alejandro P Comellas
- University of Iowa, 4083, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Emma M Stapleton
- UI Carver College of Medicine, 12243, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
| | - Mark R Segal
- University of California San Francisco, 8785, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - John Balmes
- University of California, Berkeley, Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, United States.,University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Nguyen Viet Nhung
- Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, Hanoi, Viet Nam.,Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Payam Nahid
- University of California San Francisco, 8785, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, San Francisco, California, United States.,University of California San Francisco, 8785, Center for Turberculosis, San Francisco, California, United States.,Vietnam National Tuberculosis Program - University of California San Francisco Research Collaboration Unit, San Francisco, United States
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46
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Almaraz-De-Santiago J, Solis-Torres N, Quintana-Belmares R, Rodríguez-Carlos A, Rivas-Santiago B, Huerta-García J, Mercado-Reyes M, Enciso-Moreno JA, Villagomez-Castro J, González-Curiel I, Osornio-Vargas Á, Rivas-Santiago CE. Long-term exposure to particulate matter from air pollution alters airway β-defensin-3 and -4 and cathelicidin host defense peptides production in a murine model. Peptides 2021; 142:170581. [PMID: 34052349 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have associated long-term exposure to environmental air pollution particulate matter (PM) with the development of diverse health problems. They include infectious respiratory diseases related to the deregulation of some innate immune response mechanisms, such as the host defense peptides' expression. Herein, we evaluated in BALB/c mice the effect of long-standing exposure (60 days) to urban-PM from the south of Mexico City, with aerodynamic diameters below 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and 10 μm (PM10) on the lung's gene expression and production of three host defense peptides (HDPs); murine beta-defensin-3, -4 (mBD-3, mBD-4) and cathelin-related antimicrobial peptide (CRAMP). We also evaluated mRNA levels of Il1b and Il10, two cytokines related to the expression of host defense peptides. Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 differentially induced lung inflammation, being PM2.5, which caused higher inflammation levels, probably associated with a differential deposition on the airways, that facilitate the interaction with alveolar macrophages. Inflammation levels were associated with an early upregulation of the three HDPs assessed and an increment in Il1b mRNA levels. Interestingly, after 28 days of exposure, Il10 mRNA upregulation was observed and was associated with the downregulation of HDPs and Il1b mRNA levels. The upregulation of Il10 mRNA and suppression of HDPs might facilitate microbial colonization and the development of diseases associated with long-term exposure to PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovany Almaraz-De-Santiago
- Department of Biology, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Nancy Solis-Torres
- Master's Program in Biological Sciences, Biological Sciences School, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Raúl Quintana-Belmares
- Subdirección de Investigación Básic, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adrián Rodríguez-Carlos
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security-IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Bruno Rivas-Santiago
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security-IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Josefina Huerta-García
- Laboratory of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Biological Sciences School, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Marisa Mercado-Reyes
- Laboratory of Conservation Biology, Biological Sciences School, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Jose A Enciso-Moreno
- Medical Research Unit-Zacatecas, Mexican Institute for Social Security-IMSS, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Julio Villagomez-Castro
- Department of Biology, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Irma González-Curiel
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences and Chemical Technology, Chemistry Sciences School, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | | | - César E Rivas-Santiago
- CONACYT-Academic Unit of Chemical Sciences, University Autonomous of Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico.
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47
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Xiang K, Xu Z, Hu YQ, He YS, Dan YL, Wu Q, Fang XH, Pan HF. Association between ambient air pollution and tuberculosis risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130342. [PMID: 33794431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting an association between air pollution exposure and tuberculosis (TB) incidence, but no meta-analysis has assembled all evidence so far. This review and meta-analysis aimed to derive a more reliable estimation on the association between air pollution and TB incidence. PubMed, Embase and Web of Science electronic databases were systemically searched for eligible literature. The PECO framework was used to form the eligibility criteria. Effect estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) published in the included studies were pooled quantitatively. Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria. The pooled estimates showed that long-term exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) was associated with increased incidence of TB (per 10 μg/m3 increase in concentrations of PM10: risk ratios (RR) = 1.058, 95% CI: 1.021-1.095). Besides, long-term exposure to sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were significantly associated with TB incidence (per 1 ppb increase, SO2: RR = 1.016, 95% CI: 1.001-1.031; NO2: 1.010, 95% CI: 1.002-1.017). We did not find a significant association of PM2.5, ozone (O3) or carbon monoxide (CO) with TB risk, regardless of long-term or short-term exposure. However, in view of the 2016 ASA Statement and the biological plausibility of PM2.5 damaging host immunity, the association between PM2.5 and TB risk remains to be further established. This meta-analysis shows that long-term exposure to PM10, SO2 or NO2 is associated with increased odds of TB, and the specific biological mechanisms warrant further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiwei Xu
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Yu-Qian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Sheng He
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yi-Lin Dan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xue-Hui Fang
- Anhui Provincial TB (Tuberculosis) Institute, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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48
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Paarwater BA, Mouton JM, Sampson SL, Malherbe ST, Shaw JA, Walzl G, Kotze LA, du Plessis N. Inhaled particulate matter affects immune responsiveness of human lung phagocytes to mycobacteria. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L566-L575. [PMID: 34287085 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00014.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of smoke-derived or air pollution-derived cytoplasmic particulate matter (PM) can be detrimental and can lead to failed lung immunity. We investigated mycobacterial uptake, intracellular replication, and soluble immune-mediator responses of human bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALCs) loaded with/without PM, to infection with mycobacterial strains. We observed that only BALCs containing PM display an ex vivo phenotypic profile dominated by spontaneous interleukin (IL)-10 production. PM-loaded BALCs retained the ability to phagocytose both Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) ΔleuDΔpanCD at equal efficacy as clear non-PM-loaded BALCs. However, immune responsiveness, such as the production of IL-6 (P = 0.015) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α (P = 0.0172) immediately post M. bovis BCG infection, were dramatically lower in black BALCs loaded with PM versus clear non-PM-loaded BALCs. By 24 h post infection, differential immune responses to M. bovis BCG between black versus clear BALC waned, and instead, production of IL-6 (P = 0.03) and IL-1α (P = 0.04) by black BALCs was lower versus clear BALCs following M.tb ΔleuDΔpanCD infection. Considering that TNF-α and IL-6 are characterized as critical to host protection against mycobacteria, our findings suggest that BALCs loaded with inhaled PM, display lower levels of antimycobacterial mediators and that the response magnitude differs according to infective mycobacterial strain. Even though this did not translate into altered mycobacterial killing at early time points post infection, the long-term impact of such changes remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Paarwater
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jomien M Mouton
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Samantha L Sampson
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Stephanus T Malherbe
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jane A Shaw
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerhard Walzl
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leigh A Kotze
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nelita du Plessis
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research; South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research; Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, grid.11956.3aStellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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49
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Carlier FM, de Fays C, Pilette C. Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Front Physiol 2021; 12:691227. [PMID: 34248677 PMCID: PMC8264588 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.691227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and pathogens. The underlying mechanisms of host protection encompass multiple physical, chemical, and immune pathways. In the lung, inhaled agents continually challenge the airway epithelial barrier, which is altered in chronic diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, or pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we describe the epithelial barrier abnormalities that are observed in such disorders and summarize current knowledge on the mechanisms driving impaired barrier function, which could represent targets of future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- François M. Carlier
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology and Lung Transplant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire UCL Namur, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Charlotte de Fays
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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50
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Misiukiewicz-Stepien P, Paplinska-Goryca M. Biological effect of PM 10 on airway epithelium-focus on obstructive lung diseases. Clin Immunol 2021; 227:108754. [PMID: 33964432 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a continuous increase in environmental pollution has been observed. Despite wide-scale efforts to reduce air pollutant emissions, the problem is still relevant. Exposure to elevated levels of airborne particles increased the incidence of respiratory diseases. PM10 constitute the largest fraction of air pollutants, containing particles with a diameter of less than 10 μm, metals, pollens, mineral dust and remnant material from anthropogenic activity. The natural airway defensive mechanisms against inhaled material, such as mucus layer, ciliary clearance and macrophage phagocytic activity, may be insufficient for proper respiratory function. The epithelium layer can be disrupted by ongoing oxidative stress and inflammatory processes induced by exposure to large amounts of inhaled particles as well as promote the development and exacerbation of obstructive lung diseases. This review draws attention to the current state of knowledge about the physical features of PM10 and its impact on airway epithelial cells, and obstructive pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Misiukiewicz-Stepien
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.
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