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Park JH, Lee SW, Choi D, Lee C, Sung YC. Harnessing the Power of IL-7 to Boost T Cell Immunity in Experimental and Clinical Immunotherapies. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e9. [PMID: 38455462 PMCID: PMC10917577 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The cytokine IL-7 plays critical and nonredundant roles in T cell immunity so that the abundance and availability of IL-7 act as key regulatory mechanisms in T cell immunity. Importantly, IL-7 is not produced by T cells themselves but primarily by non-lymphoid lineage stromal cells and epithelial cells that are limited in their numbers. Thus, T cells depend on cell extrinsic IL-7, and the amount of in vivo IL-7 is considered a major factor in maximizing and maintaining the number of T cells in peripheral tissues. Moreover, IL-7 provides metabolic cues and promotes the survival of both naïve and memory T cells. Thus, IL-7 is also essential for the functional fitness of T cells. In this regard, there has been an extensive effort trying to increase the protein abundance of IL-7 in vivo, with the aim to augment T cell immunity and harness T cell functions in anti-tumor responses. Such approaches started under experimental animal models, but they recently culminated into clinical studies, with striking effects in re-establishing T cell immunity in immunocompromised patients, as well as boosting anti-tumor effects. Depending on the design, glycosylation, and the structure of recombinantly engineered IL-7 proteins and their mimetics, recombinant IL-7 molecules have shown dramatic differences in their stability, efficacy, cellular effects, and overall immune functions. The current review is aimed to summarize the past and present efforts in the field that led to clinical trials, and to highlight the therapeutical significance of IL-7 biology as a master regulator of T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Park
- Experimental Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Research Institute of NeoImmune Tech., Co, Ltd., Bio Open Innovation Center, Pohang 37666, Korea
| | - Changhyung Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Young Chul Sung
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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2
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Kwon DI, Park S, Jeong YL, Kim YM, Min J, Lee C, Choi JA, Choi YH, Kong HJ, Choi Y, Baek S, Lee KJ, Kang YW, Jeong C, You G, Oh Y, Im SK, Song M, Kim JK, Chang J, Choi D, Lee SW. Fc-fused IL-7 provides broad antiviral effects against respiratory virus infections through IL-17A-producing pulmonary innate-like T cells. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101362. [PMID: 38232693 PMCID: PMC10829794 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Repeated pandemics caused by the influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) have resulted in serious problems in global public health, emphasizing the need for broad-spectrum antiviral therapeutics against respiratory virus infections. Here, we show the protective effects of long-acting recombinant human interleukin-7 fused with hybrid Fc (rhIL-7-hyFc) against major respiratory viruses, including influenza virus, SARS-CoV-2, and respiratory syncytial virus. Administration of rhIL-7-hyFc in a therapeutic or prophylactic regimen induces substantial antiviral effects. During an influenza A virus (IAV) infection, rhIL-7-hyFc treatment increases pulmonary T cells composed of blood-derived interferon γ (IFNγ)+ conventional T cells and locally expanded IL-17A+ innate-like T cells. Single-cell RNA transcriptomics reveals that rhIL-7-hyFc upregulates antiviral genes in pulmonary T cells and induces clonal expansion of type 17 innate-like T cells. rhIL-7-hyFc-mediated disease prevention is dependent on IL-17A in both IAV- and SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. Collectively, we suggest that rhIL-7-hyFc can be used as a broadly active therapeutic for future respiratory virus pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Il Kwon
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin L Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyong Min
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyung Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Choi
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jung Kong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngwon Choi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungtae Baek
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech Co., Ltd., Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Joo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Woo Kang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaerim Jeong
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihoon You
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsik Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kyoung Im
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech Co., Ltd., Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Manki Song
- Science Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Choi
- Research Institute of NeoImmuneTech Co., Ltd., Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Woo Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37666, Republic of Korea.
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Desvaux E, Hemon P, Soret P, Le Dantec C, Chatzis L, Cornec D, Devauchelle-Pensec V, Elouej S, Duguet F, Laigle L, Poirier N, Moingeon P, Bretin S, Pers JO. High-content multimodal analysis supports the IL-7/IL-7 receptor axis as a relevant therapeutic target in primary Sjögren's syndrome. J Autoimmun 2023:103147. [PMID: 38114349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While the involvement of IL-7/IL-7R axis in pSS has been described in relation to T cells, little is known about the contribution of this pathway in relationship with other immune cells, and its implication in autoimmunity. Using high-content multiomics data, we aimed at characterizing IL-7R expressing cells and the involvement of IL-7/IL-7R pathway in pSS pathophysiology. METHODS An IL-7 signature established using RNA-sequencing of human PBMCs incubated with IL-7 was applied to 304 pSS patients, and on RNA-Seq datasets from tissue biopsies. High-content immunophenotyping using flow and imaging mass cytometry was developed to characterize peripheral and in situ IL-7R expression. RESULTS We identified a blood 4-gene IL-7 module (IKZF4, KIAA0040, PGAP1 and SOS1) associated with anti-SSA/Ro positiveness in patients as well as disease activity, and a tissue 5-gene IL-7 module (IL7R, PCED1B, TNFSF8, ADAM19, MYBL1) associated with infiltration severity. We confirmed expression of IL-7R on T cells subsets, and further observed upregulation of IL-7R on double-negative (DN) B cells, and especially DN2 B cells. IL-7R expression was increased in pSS compared to sicca patients with variations seen according to the degree of infiltration. When expressed, IL-7R was mainly found on epithelial cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, switched memory B cells, DN B cells and M1 macrophages. CONCLUSION This exhaustive characterization of the IL-7/IL-7R pathway in pSS pathophysiology established that two IL-7 gene modules discriminate pSS patients with a high IL-7 axis involvement. Their use could guide the implementation of an anti-IL-7R targeted therapy in a precision medicine approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Desvaux
- LBAI, UMR1227, University of Brest, Inserm, Brest, France; Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | - Patrice Hemon
- LBAI, UMR1227, University of Brest, Inserm, Brest, France
| | - Perrine Soret
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Loukas Chatzis
- LBAI, UMR1227, University of Brest, Inserm, Brest, France; Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Divi Cornec
- LBAI, UMR1227, University of Brest, Inserm, Brest, France; CHU de Brest, Brest, France
| | | | - Sahar Elouej
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | - Fanny Duguet
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | - Laurence Laigle
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | | | - Philippe Moingeon
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | - Sylvie Bretin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Research and Development, Suresnes, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Pers
- LBAI, UMR1227, University of Brest, Inserm, Brest, France; CHU de Brest, Brest, France.
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Huang J, Yu T, Long Z, Wang M, Liu M, Zhu D, Chen S, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Ou X, Mao S, Tian B, Gao Q, Sun D, Jia R, Cheng A. Duck IL-7 as a novel adjuvant improves the humoral immune response to an inactivated duck tembusu virus vaccine. Vet Microbiol 2023; 279:109665. [PMID: 36716633 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), belonging to the Flavivirus genus, Flaviviridae family, has caused huge economic losses in the duck industry. However, the inactivated DTMUV vaccine requires multiple immunizations and has incomplete effectiveness. The humoral immune response is a key factor in the control of DTMUV infection. IL-7 derived from mammals has the ability to enhance antibody production. Whether duck IL-7 (duIL-7) possesses the ability to improve the humoral immunity of inactivated DTMUV vaccine has not yet been declared. Here, a beta-propiolactone (BPL)-inactivated DTMUV vaccine was employed to characterize the adjuvant property of duIL-7 in humoral immune responses. Intramuscular injection of DTMUV inactivated vaccine with or without duIL-7 was administered twice to the ducks. The results showed that duIL-7 was able to promote rapid antibody responses and enhance DTMUV-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody production to the vaccine. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a key role in assisting long humoral immunity. It was found that duIL-7 upregulated duIl-6 and duIl-21 gene expression at 3 w post first vaccination, which encode Tfh cell differentiation-related cytokines duIL-6 and duIL-21, respectively. This may be the reason that duIL-7 could prolong the humoral immune response to the inactivated DTMUV vaccine. Next, the ability of duIL-7 to simplify the immunization procedure of the inactivated DTMUV vaccine was tested. When ducks were immunized once, the titers of neutralizing antibodies in ducks from the inactivated DTMUV vaccine supplemented with duIL-7 group were significantly higher than those of ducks from the inactivated DTMUV vaccine group (P < 0.05). In addition, duIL-7 could assist the inactivated DTMUV vaccine in maintaining neutralizing antibodies at high levels during the whole experimental period. The viral titers in the ducks immunized with the inactivated DTMUV vaccine and duIL-7 were lower than those in the ducks immunized with the inactivated DTMUV vaccine alone at 3 days post infection (3 dpi, P < 0.05). Overall, duIL-7 possessed the ability to promote and prolong humoral immune responses to the inactivated DTMUV vaccine, even at one dose. This study provides a new efficient adjuvant for inactivated DTMUV vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zhiyao Long
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Alvarez-Sekely M, Lopez-Bago A, Báez-Saldaña R, Pezoa-Jares RE, Gorocica P, Zenteno E, Lascurain R, Saldívar-González A. Major Depressive Disorder and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Comorbidity Exacerbates Proinflammatory Immune Response—A Preliminary Study. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12030361. [PMID: 36986283 PMCID: PMC10059645 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12030361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Major depressive disorders (MDDs) occurs frequently in patients with tuberculosis (TB). Elevated serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in MDD patients is a well-established fact. Therefore, an integrated clinical practice should be considered. However, the inflammatory status of MDD-TB patients is unknown. In this study, we analyze cytokines in activated-cells and sera from MDD-TB, TB, MDD patients, and healthy controls. Methods: Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the intracellular production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells after a polyclonal stimulation. A Bio-Plex Luminex system was used to measure serum cytokine and chemokine levels in the study groups. Results: We observed a 40.6% prevalence of MDD in TB patients. The proportion of IFN-gamma-producing cells was higher in MDD-TB patients than other pathological groups. Nevertheless, the percentage of TNF-alpha- and IL-12-producing cells was similar between MDD-TB and TB patients. Likewise, MDD-TB and TB patients showed similar serum pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels, which were significantly lower than those in MDD patients. By multiple correspondence analyses, we observed that low levels of serum IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 were powerfully associated with TB comorbidities with MDD. Conclusions: A high frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells is associated with low levels of serum anti-inflammatory cytokines in MDD-TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Lopez-Bago
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Renata Báez-Saldaña
- Clínica de Neumología Oncológica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo E. Pezoa-Jares
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Patricia Gorocica
- Departamento de Investigación en Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias “Ismael Cosío Villegas”, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Lascurain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (A.S.-G.)
| | - Alfredo Saldívar-González
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.L.); (A.S.-G.)
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Pandit H, Valentin A, Angel M, Deleage C, Bergamaschi C, Bear J, Sowder R, Felber BK, Pavlakis GN. Step-dose IL-7 treatment promotes systemic expansion of T cells and alters immune cell landscape in blood and lymph nodes. iScience 2023; 26:105929. [PMID: 36685042 PMCID: PMC9852696 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We employed a dose-escalation regimen in rhesus macaques to deliver glycosylated IL-7, a cytokine critical for development and maintenance of T lymphocytes. IL-7 increased proliferation and survival of T cells and triggered several chemokines and cytokines. Induction of CXCL13 in lymph nodes (LNs) led to a remarkable increase of B cells in the LNs, proliferation of germinal center follicular T helper cells and elevated IL-21 levels suggesting an increase in follicle activity. Transcriptomics analysis showed induction of IRF-7 and Flt3L, which was linked to increased frequency of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) on IL-7 treatment. These pDCs expressed higher levels of CCR7, homed to LNs, and were associated with upregulation of type-1 interferon gene signature and increased production of IFN-α2a on TLR stimulation. Superior effects and dose-sparing advantage was observed by the step-dose regimen. Thus, IL-7 treatment leads to systemic effects involving both lymphoid and myeloid compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hrishikesh Pandit
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Antonio Valentin
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Matthew Angel
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Cancer Research Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Claire Deleage
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Cristina Bergamaschi
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jenifer Bear
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Raymond Sowder
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Barbara K. Felber
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - George N. Pavlakis
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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IL-7: Comprehensive review. Cytokine 2022; 160:156049. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ware MB, Wolfarth AA, Goon JB, Ezeanya UI, Dhar S, Ferrando-Martinez S, Lee BH. The Role of Interleukin-7 in the Formation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Their Prognostic Value in Gastrointestinal Cancers. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTHERAPY AND PRECISION ONCOLOGY 2022; 5:105-117. [PMID: 36483588 PMCID: PMC9714415 DOI: 10.36401/jipo-22-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapies for the treatment of solid tumors continue to develop in preclinical and clinical research settings. Unfortunately, for many patients the tumor fails to respond or becomes resistant to therapies such as checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4). In many cancers, failed response to CPIs can be attributed to poor T cell infiltration, dominant immunosuppression, and exhausted immune responses. In gastrointestinal (GI) cancers T cell infiltration can be dismal, with several reports finding that CD8+ T cells compose less than 2% of all cells within the tumor. Organized aggregates of lymphocytes, antigen-presenting cells, and vessels, together termed tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), are hypothesized to be a major source of T cells within solid tumors. The intratumoral formation of these organized immune centers appears to rely on intricate cytokine and chemokine signaling to heterogeneous cell populations such as B and T cells, innate lymphoid cells, fibroblasts, and dendritic cells. In GI cancers, the presence and density of TLSs provide prognostic value for predicting outcome and survival. Further, TLS presence and density associates with favorable responses to CPIs in many cancers. This review highlights the prognostic value of TLSs in GI cancers, the role of the homeostatic cytokine interleukin-7 (IL-7) in TLS formation, and the induction of TLSs in solid tumors by novel therapeutics.
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9
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Wang X, Zhang H, Lu X, Li S, Kong X, Liu L, Li L, Xu S, Wang T, Wang J, Wang L. LncRNA OIP5-AS1 modulates the proliferation and apoptosis of Jurkat cells by sponging miR-181c-5p to regulate IL-7 expression in myasthenia gravis. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13454. [PMID: 35602889 PMCID: PMC9121865 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an antibody-mediated autoimmune disease. In recent years, accumulating evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), contributing to the progression of various autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the regulatory roles of ceRNAs in MG pathogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 as a ceRNA associated with MG progression. Methods Real-time PCR was used to detect OIP5-AS1 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with MG. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to validate the relationship between OIP5-AS1 and miR-181c-5p. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were performed to test the proliferation and apoptotic abilities of OIP5-AS1 in Jurkat cells. Furthermore, real-time PCR and Western blot assays were performed to explore the interactions between OIP5-AS1, miR-181c-5p, and IL-7. Results The expression of OIP5-AS1 was up-regulated in patients with MG. Luciferase reporter assay indicated that OIP5-AS1 targeted the miR-181c-5p. Functional assays showed that OIP5-AS1 suppressed Jurkat cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation by sponging miR-181c-5p. Mechanistically, knockdown of OIP5-AS1 inhibited IL-7 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels in Jurkat cells, whereas the miR-181c-5p inhibitor blocked the reduction of IL-7 expression induced by OIP5-AS1 suppression. Conclusions We confirmed that OIP5-AS1 serves as an endogenous sponge for miR-181c-5p to regulate the expression of IL-7. Our findings provide novel insights into MG processes and suggests potential therapeutic targets for patients with MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huixue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lifang Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Si Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianfeng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jianjian Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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10
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Hasanvand A. COVID-19 and the role of cytokines in this disease. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:789-798. [PMID: 35505267 PMCID: PMC9064717 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to activate and mature proinflammatory cytokines in the body. Cytokine markers are a group of polypeptide signalling molecules that can induce and regulate many cellular biological processes by stimulating cell receptors at the surface. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to be associated with activation of innate immunity, and an increase in neutrophils, mononuclear phagocytes, and natural killer cells has been observed, as well as a decrease in T cells including CD4+ and CD8. It is noteworthy that during the SARS-CoV-2 infection, an increase in the secretion or production of IL-6 and IL-8 is seen in COVID-19 patients along with a decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ and T cells in general. SARS-CoV-2 has been shown to significantly increase Th2, Th1/Th17 cells and antibody production in the body of patients with COVID-19. Specific immune profiles of SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to secondary infections and dysfunction of various organs in the body. It has been shown that Interleukins (such as IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, IL-7, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-18), IFN-γ, TNF-α,TGF-β and NF-κB play major roles in the body's inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The most important goal of this review is to study the role of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Hasanvand
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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11
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Uhrlaub JL, Jergović M, Bradshaw CM, Sonar S, Coplen CP, Dudakov J, Murray KO, Lanteri MC, Busch MP, van den Brink MRM, Nikolich‐Žugich J. Quantitative restoration of immune defense in old animals determined by naive antigen-specific CD8 T-cell numbers. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13582. [PMID: 35289071 PMCID: PMC9009107 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Older humans and animals often exhibit reduced immune responses to infection and vaccination, and this often directly correlates to the numbers and frequency of naive T (Tn) cells. We found such a correlation between reduced numbers of blood CD8+ Tn cells and severe clinical outcomes of West Nile virus (WNV) in both humans naturally exposed to, and mice experimentally infected with, WNV. To examine possible causality, we sought to increase the number of CD8 Tn cells by treating C57BL/6 mice with IL-7 complexes (IL-7C, anti-IL-7 mAb bound to IL-7), shown previously to efficiently increase peripheral T-cell numbers by homeostatic proliferation. T cells underwent robust expansion following IL-7C administration to old mice increasing the number of total T cells (>fourfold) and NS4b:H-2Db -restricted antigen-specific CD8 T cells (twofold). This improved the numbers of NS4b-specific CD8 T cells detected at the peak of the response against WNV, but not survival of WNV challenge. IL-7C-treated old animals also showed no improvement in WNV-specific effector immunity (neutralizing antibody and in vivo T-cell cytotoxicity). To test quantitative limits to which CD8 Tn cell restoration could improve protective immunity, we transferred graded doses of Ag-specific precursors into old mice and showed that injection of 5400 (but not of 1800 or 600) adult naive WNV-specific CD8 T cells significantly increased survival after WNV. These results set quantitative limits to the level of Tn reconstitution necessary to improve immune defense in older organisms and are discussed in light of targets of immune reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L. Uhrlaub
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Mladen Jergović
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Christine M. Bradshaw
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Sandip Sonar
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Christopher P. Coplen
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Jarrod Dudakov
- Program in ImmunologyClinical Research Division, and Immunotherapy Integrated Research CenterFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA,Department of ImmunologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Kristy O. Murray
- Department of PediatricsSection of Pediatric Tropical Medicine and National School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA,William T. Shearer Center for Human ImmunobiologyTexas Children’s HospitalHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Marion C. Lanteri
- Blood Systems Research InstituteVitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Michael P. Busch
- Blood Systems Research InstituteVitalant Research InstituteSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marcel R. M. van den Brink
- Department of Medicine and Immunology ProgramMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew York CityUSA
| | - Janko Nikolich‐Žugich
- Department of ImmunobiologyUniversity of Arizona College of MedicineTucsonArizonaUSA,University of ArizonaCenter on AgingUniversity of ArizonaCollege of Medicine, TucsonTucsonArizonaUSA
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12
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Ribeiro F, Perucha E, Graca L. T follicular cells: the regulators of germinal centre homeostasis. Immunol Lett 2022; 244:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Potential Application of Exosomes in Vaccine Development and Delivery. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2635-2671. [PMID: 35028802 PMCID: PMC8757927 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived components composed of proteins, lipid, genetic information, cytokines, and growth factors. They play a vital role in immune modulation, cell-cell communication, and response to inflammation. Immune modulation has downstream effects on the regeneration of damaged tissue, promoting survival and repair of damaged resident cells, and promoting the tumor microenvironment via growth factors, antigens, and signaling molecules. On top of carrying biological messengers like mRNAs, miRNAs, fragmented DNA, disease antigens, and proteins, exosomes modulate internal cell environments that promote downstream cell signaling pathways to facilitate different disease progression and induce anti-tumoral effects. In this review, we have summarized how vaccines modulate our immune response in the context of cancer and infectious diseases and the potential of exosomes as vaccine delivery vehicles. Both pre-clinical and clinical studies show that exosomes play a decisive role in processes like angiogenesis, prognosis, tumor growth metastasis, stromal cell activation, intercellular communication, maintaining cellular and systematic homeostasis, and antigen-specific T- and B cell responses. This critical review summarizes the advancement of exosome based vaccine development and delivery, and this comprehensive review can be used as a valuable reference for the broader delivery science community.
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14
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Huang J, Long Z, Jia R, Wang M, Zhu D, Liu M, Chen S, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Tian B, Mao S, Ou X, Sun D, Gao Q, Cheng A. The Broad Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-7 and Its Application In Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680442. [PMID: 34956167 PMCID: PMC8702497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is produced by stromal cells, keratinocytes, and epithelial cells in host tissues or tumors and exerts a wide range of immune effects mediated by the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R). IL-7 is primarily involved in regulating the development of B cells, T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells via the JAK-STAT, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK pathways. This cytokine participates in the early generation of lymphocyte subsets and maintain the survival of all lymphocyte subsets; in particular, IL-7 is essential for orchestrating the rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes and T-cell receptor genes in precursor B and T cells, respectively. In addition, IL-7 can aid the activation of immune cells in anti-virus and anti-tumor immunity and plays important roles in the restoration of immune function. These biological functions of IL-7 make it an important molecular adjuvant to improve vaccine efficacy as it can promote and extend systemic immune responses against pathogens by prolonging lymphocyte survival, enhancing effector cell activity, and increasing antigen-specific memory cell production. This review focuses on the biological function and mechanism of IL-7 and summarizes its contribution towards improved vaccine efficacy. We hope to provide a thorough overview of this cytokine and provide strategies for the development of the future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyao Long
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Louis K, Macedo C, Metes D. Targeting T Follicular Helper Cells to Control Humoral Allogeneic Immunity. Transplantation 2021; 105:e168-e180. [PMID: 33909968 PMCID: PMC8484368 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Humoral allogeneic immunity driven by anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) significantly impede prolonged survival of organ allografts after transplantation. Although the importance of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in controlling antibody responses has been long established, their role in directing donor-specific antibody generation leading to AMR was only recently appreciated in the clinical setting of organ transplantation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on the biology of human TFH cells as well as their circulating counterparts and describe their pivotal role in driving humoral alloimmunity. In addition, we discuss the intrinsic effects of current induction therapies and maintenance immunosuppressive drugs as well as of biotherapies on TFH cells and provide future directions and novel opportunities of biotherapeutic targeting of TFH cells that have the potential of bringing the prophylactic and curative treatments of AMR toward personalized and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Louis
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Human Immunology and Immunopathology, Inserm UMR 976, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Kidney Transplant Department, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Camila Macedo
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diana Metes
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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16
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Zoldan K, Ehrlich S, Killmer S, Wild K, Smits M, Russ M, Globig AM, Hofmann M, Thimme R, Boettler T. Th1-Biased Hepatitis C Virus-Specific Follicular T Helper-Like Cells Effectively Support B Cells After Antiviral Therapy. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742061. [PMID: 34659236 PMCID: PMC8514946 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating Th1-biased follicular T helper (cTfh1) cells have been associated with antibody responses to viral infection and after vaccination but their B cell helper functionality is less understood. After viral elimination, Tfh1 cells are the dominant subset within circulating Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)-specific CD4 T cells, but their functional capacity is currently unknown. To address this important point, we established a clone-based system to evaluate CD4 T cell functionality in vitro to overcome experimental limitations associated with their low frequencies. Specifically, we analyzed the transcription factor expression, cytokine secretion and B cell help in co-culture assays of HCV- (n = 18) and influenza-specific CD4 T cell clones (n = 5) in comparison to Tfh (n = 26) and Th1 clones (n = 15) with unknown antigen-specificity derived from healthy donors (n = 4) or direct-acting antiviral (DAA)-treated patients (n = 5). The transcription factor expression and cytokine secretion patterns of HCV-specific CD4 T cell clones indicated a Tfh1 phenotype, with expression of T-bet and Bcl6 and production of IFN-γ and IL-21. Their B helper capacity was superior compared to influenza-specific or Tfh and Th1 clones. Moreover, since Tfh cells are enriched in the IFN-rich milieu of the HCV-infected liver, we investigated the impact of IFN exposure on Tfh phenotype and function. Type I IFN exposure was able to introduce similar phenotypic and functional characteristics in the Tfh cell population within PBMCs or Tfh clones in vitro in line with our finding that Tfh cells are elevated in HCV-infected patients shortly after initiation of IFN-α therapy. Collectively, we were able to functionally characterize HCV-specific CD4 T cells in vitro and not only confirmed a Tfh1 phenotype but observed superior Tfh functionality despite their Th1 bias. Furthermore, our results suggest that chronic type I IFN exposure supports the enrichment of highly functional HCV-specific Tfh-like cells during HCV infection. Thus, HCV-specific Tfh-like cells after DAA therapy may be a promising target for future vaccination design aiming to introduce a neutralizing antibody response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Zoldan
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Ehrlich
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Saskia Killmer
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Wild
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Smits
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marissa Russ
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Globig
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maike Hofmann
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Thimme
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Boettler
- Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Bekele Y, Sui Y, Berzofsky JA. IL-7 in SARS-CoV-2 Infection and as a Potential Vaccine Adjuvant. Front Immunol 2021; 12:737406. [PMID: 34603318 PMCID: PMC8484798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.737406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IL-7/IL-7R signaling is critical for development, maturation, maintenance and survival of many lymphocytes in the thymus and periphery. IL-7 has been used as immunotherapy in pre-clinical and clinical studies to treat cancer, HIV infection and sepsis. Here, we discuss the critical function of IL-7 in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of COVID-19 patients. We also summarize a promising role of IL-7 as a vaccine adjuvant. It could potentially enhance the immune responses to vaccines especially against SARS-CoV-2 or other new vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonas Bekele
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yongjun Sui
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jay A Berzofsky
- Vaccine Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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18
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Ritzau-Jost J, Hutloff A. T Cell/B Cell Interactions in the Establishment of Protective Immunity. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101074. [PMID: 34696182 PMCID: PMC8536969 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) are the T cell subset providing help to B cells for the generation of high-affinity antibodies and are therefore of key interest for the development of vaccination strategies against infectious diseases. In this review, we will discuss how the generation of Tfh cells and their interaction with B cells in secondary lymphoid organs can be optimized for therapeutic purposes. We will summarize different T cell subsets including Tfh-like peripheral helper T cells (Tph) capable of providing B cell help. In particular, we will highlight the novel concept of T cell/B cell interaction in non-lymphoid tissues as an important element for the generation of protective antibodies directly at the site of pathogen invasion.
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19
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Hinrichs AC, Blokland SLM, Lopes AP, Wichers CGK, Kruize AA, Pandit A, Radstake TRDJ, van Roon JAG. Transcriptome Analysis of CCR9+ T Helper Cells From Primary Sjögren's Syndrome Patients Identifies CCL5 as a Novel Effector Molecule. Front Immunol 2021; 12:702733. [PMID: 34386009 PMCID: PMC8354142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.702733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction CCR9+ Tfh-like pathogenic T helper (Th) cells are elevated in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) and indicated to play a role in pSS immunopathology. Here we delineate the CCR9+ Th cell-specific transcriptome to study the molecular dysregulation of these cells in pSS patients. Methods CCR9+, CXCR5+ and CCR9-CXCR5- Th cells from blood of 7 healthy controls (HC) and 7 pSS patients were FACS sorted and RNA sequencing was performed. Computational analysis was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), coherent gene expression networks and differentially regulated pathways. Target genes were replicated in additional cohorts. Results 5131 genes were differentially expressed between CCR9+ and CXCR5+ Th cells; 6493 and 4783 between CCR9+ and CCR9-CXCR5- and between CXCR5+ and CCR9-CXCR5-, respectively. In the CCR9+ Th cell subset 2777 DEGs were identified between HC and pSS patients, 1416 and 1077 in the CXCR5+ and CCR9-CXCR5- subsets, respectively. One gene network was selected based on eigengene expression differences between the Th cell subsets and pathways enriched for genes involved in migration and adhesion, cytokine and chemokine production. Selected DEGs of interest (HOPX, SOX4, ITGAE, ITGA1, NCR3, ABCB1, C3AR1, NT5E, CCR5 and CCL5) from this module were validated and found upregulated in blood CCR9+ Th cells, but were similarly expressed in HC and pSS patients. Increased frequencies of CCR9+ Th cells were shown to express higher levels of CCL5 than CXCR5+ and CCR9-CXCR5- Th cells, with the highest expression confined to effector CCR9+ Th cells. Antigenic triggering and stimulation with IL-7 of the Th cell subsets co-cultured with monocytes strongly induced CCL5 secretion in CCR9+ Th cell cocultures. Additionally, effector CCR9+ Th cells rapidly released CCL5 and secreted the highest CCL5 levels upon stimulation. Conclusion Transcriptomic analysis of circulating CCR9+ Th cells reveals CCR9-specific pathways involved in effector T cell function equally expressed in pSS patients and HC. Given the increased numbers of CCR9+ Th cells in the blood and inflamed glands of pSS patients and presence of inflammatory stimuli to activate these cells this suggests that CCR9-specific functions, such as cell recruitment upon CCL5 secretion, could significantly contribute to immunopathology in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneline C Hinrichs
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sofie L M Blokland
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ana P Lopes
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Catharina G K Wichers
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aike A Kruize
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Aridaman Pandit
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Joel A G van Roon
- Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.,Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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20
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Murata O, Suzuki K, Sugiura H, Kondo Y, Takeshita M, Koga K, Takiguchi M, Kurisu R, Kassai Y, Yasuoka H, Yamaoka K, Morita R, Yoshimura A, Takeuchi T. Thymus variants on imaging in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-Clinical and immunological significance. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:5595-5600. [PMID: 33590850 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We sought to clarify the presence of radiographic thymus variants using a scoring system, and their association with clinical and immunological features in RA patients. METHODS 387 RA patients randomly selected from all patients visiting our department who underwent chest CT scanning, with exclusion of patients with thymoma or thymic cyst, or age < 30 y. Thymus size and attenuation score in axial CT images were quantitatively interpreted and assessed. Associations between immunophenotype data and clinical and serological features were analysed in a subset of patients. RESULTS Thymic enlargement was found in 76 (19.6%) patients, and a thymus attenuation score ≥ 2 was found in 50 (12.9%) patients. The score was significantly associated with antibodies to citrullinated peptide antigens (ACPA) positivity. Thymic enlargement was significantly associated with the proportions of CD4+ effector memory T cells. CONCLUSION Radiographic thymus variants were frequently observed in RA patients, and may reflect an abnormal immune response involved in the pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okinori Murata
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sugiura
- Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical College, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kondo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Takeshita
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Koga
- Inflammation Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Maiko Takiguchi
- Inflammation Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Rina Kurisu
- Inflammation Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kassai
- Inflammation Drug Discovery Unit, Pharmaceutical Research Division, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidekata Yasuoka
- Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Yamaoka
- Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Rimpei Morita
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Rivière E, Pascaud J, Virone A, Dupré A, Ly B, Paoletti A, Seror R, Tchitchek N, Mingueneau M, Smith N, Duffy D, Cassard L, Chaput N, Pengam S, Gauttier V, Poirier N, Mariette X, Nocturne G. Interleukin-7/Interferon Axis Drives T Cell and Salivary Gland Epithelial Cell Interactions in Sjögren's Syndrome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2021; 73:631-640. [PMID: 33058491 DOI: 10.1002/art.41558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is characterized by a lymphocytic infiltration of salivary glands (SGs) and the presence of an interferon (IFN) signature. SG epithelial cells (SGECs) play an active role in primary SS pathophysiology. We undertook this study to examine the interactions between SGECs and T cells in primary SS and the role of the interleukin-7 (IL-7)/IFN axis. METHODS Primary cultured SGECs from control subjects and patients with primary SS were stimulated with poly(I-C), IFNα, or IFNγ. T cells were sorted from blood and stimulated with IL-7. CD25 expression was assessed by flow cytometry. SG explants were cultured for 4 days with anti-IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) antagonist antibody (OSE-127), and transcriptomic analysis was performed using the NanoString platform. RESULTS Serum IL-7 level was increased in patients with primary SS compared to controls and was associated with B cell biomarkers. IL7R expression was decreased in T cells from patients with primary SS compared to controls. SGECs stimulated with poly(I-C), IFNα, or IFNγ secreted IL-7. IL-7 stimulation increased the activation of T cells, as well as IFNγ secretion. Transcriptomic analysis of SG explants showed a correlation between IL7 and IFN expression. Finally, explants cultured with anti-IL-7R antibody showed decreased IFN-stimulated gene expression. CONCLUSION These results suggest the presence of an IL-7/IFNγ amplification loop involving SGECs and T cells in primary SS. IL-7 was secreted by SGECs stimulated with type I or type II IFN and, in turn, activated T cells that secrete type II IFN. An anti-IL-7R antibody decreased the IFN signature in T cells in primary SS and could be of therapeutic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Recherche et Développement, Arthritis Fondation Courtin, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Pascaud
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Virone
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anastasia Dupré
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Bineta Ly
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Audrey Paoletti
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Raphaèle Seror
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Tchitchek
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Nikaïa Smith
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, INSERM U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Darragh Duffy
- Laboratoire d'Immunobiologie des Cellules Dendritiques, INSERM U1223, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Lydie Cassard
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Chaput
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Gustave Roussy, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse, Laboratoire d'Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Mariette
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Gaetane Nocturne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM, CEA, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie des Infections Virales et des Maladies Auto-Immunes, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Paris, France
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22
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Bhatta M, Nandi S, Dutta S, Saha MK. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a systematic review for potential vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 18:1865774. [PMID: 33545014 PMCID: PMC8920137 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1865774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is an international public health emergency in need of effective and safe vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. A systematic review has been done to analyze the availability, development and status of new COVID-19 vaccine candidates as well as the status of vaccines for other diseases that might be effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection. PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Cochrane library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Web of Science and different trial registries were searched for currently available and probable future vaccines. Articles and ongoing clinical trials are included to ascertain the availability and developmental approaches of new vaccines that could limit the present and future outbreaks. Pharmaceutical companies and institutions are at different stages of developing new vaccines, and extensive studies and clinical trials are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihir Bhatta
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Srijita Nandi
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Malay Kumar Saha
- Division of Virology, ICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
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23
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Id3 and Bcl6 Promote the Development of Long-Term Immune Memory Induced by Tuberculosis Subunit Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9020126. [PMID: 33562631 PMCID: PMC7914852 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-lived memory cell formation and maintenance are usually regulated by cytokines and transcriptional factors. Adjuvant effects of IL-7 have been studied in the vaccines of influenza and other pathogens. However, few studies investigated the adjuvant effects of cytokines and transcriptional factors in prolonging the immune memory induced by a tuberculosis (TB) subunit vaccine. To address this research gap, mice were treated with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) subunit vaccine Mtb10.4-HspX (MH) plus ESAT6-Ag85B-MPT64<190–198>-Mtb8.4-Rv2626c (LT70), together with adeno-associated virus-mediated IL-7 or lentivirus-mediated transcriptional factor Id3, Bcl6, Bach2, and Blimp1 at 0, 2, and 4 weeks, respectively. Immune responses induced by the vaccine were examined at 25 weeks after last immunization. The results showed that adeno-associated virus-mediated IL-7 allowed the TB subunit vaccine to induce the formation of long-lived memory T cells. Meanwhile, IL-7 increased the expression of Id3, Bcl6, and bach2—the three key transcription factors for the generation of long-lived memory T cells. The adjuvant effects of transcriptional factors, together with TB fusion protein MH/LT70 vaccination, showed that both Bcl6 and Id3 increased the production of antigen-specific antibodies and long-lived memory T cells, characterized by high proliferative potential of antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and IFN-γ secretion in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, respectively, after re-exposure to the same antigen. Overall, our study suggests that IL-7 and transcriptional factors Id3 and Bcl6 help the TB subunit vaccine to induce long-term immune memory, which contributes to providing immune protection against M. tuberculosis infection.
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24
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Zhu Y, Li J, Pang Z. Recent insights for the emerging COVID-19: Drug discovery, therapeutic options and vaccine development. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:4-23. [PMID: 32837565 PMCID: PMC7335243 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been marked as a highly pathogenic coronavirus of COVID-19 disease into the human population, causing over 5.5 million confirmed cases worldwide. As COVID-19 has posed a global threat with significant human casualties and severe economic losses, there is a pressing demand to further understand the current situation and develop rational strategies to contain the drastic spread of the virus. Although there are no specific antiviral therapies that have proven effective in randomized clinical trials, currently, the rapid detection technology along with several promising therapeutics for COVID-19 have mitigated its drastic transmission. Besides, global institutions and corporations have commenced to parse out effective vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Herein, the present review will give exhaustive details of extensive researches concerning the drug discovery and therapeutic options for COVID-19 as well as some insightful discussions of the status of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York 10027, USA
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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25
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Lei N, Li Y, Sun Q, Lu J, Zhou J, Li Z, Liu L, Guo J, Qin K, Wang H, Zhao J, Li C, Sun L, Wang D, Zhao Z, Shu Y. IFITM3 affects the level of antibody response after influenza vaccination. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:976-987. [PMID: 32321380 PMCID: PMC7269036 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1756696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) as an antiviral factor can inhibit replication of several viruses including influenza virus. A single-nucleotide polymorphism rs12252-C of IFITM3 results in a truncated IFITM3 protein lacking its first 21 amino acids, which is much higher in the Han Chinese population and associated with severe illness in adults infected with pandemic influenza H1N1/09 virus. To investigate if IFITM3 or IFITM3 rs12252-C could affect the antibody response after influenza vaccination, we detected the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) of 171 healthy young adult volunteers (IFITM3 rs12252-C/C, C/T, T/T carriers) and in an IFITM3-deletion mouse model (Ifitm3-/-) after trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) immunization. Seroconversion rates for H1N1, H3N2 and B viruses in IFITM3 rs12252-C/C genotype carriers was lower compared with C/T and T/T donors. Significantly lower levels of specific antibodies to H1N1, H3N2 and B viruses and total IgG were observed in Ifitm3-/- mice. Correspondingly, the numbers of splenic germinal centre (GC) B cells, plasma cells, TIV-specific IgG+ antibody secreting cells and T follicular helper cells in Ifitm3-/- mice were lower compared with wild type mice. However, the number of memory B cells was higher in Ifitm3-/- mice at day 7 after booster. The HI level of Ifitm3-/- mice remained lower than WT mice after third vaccination. Moreover, the transcriptional network regulating GC B cell and plasma cell differentiation was abnormal in Ifitm3-/- mice. Our results indicate that IFITM3 deletion attenuated the antibody response. The mechanism of influenza-IFITM3 interactions affecting the antibody response requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Lei
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Sun
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfang Zhou
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi Li
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqi Liu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Guo
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Qin
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Zhao
- Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Li
- Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingli Sun
- Chaoyang District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayan Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Systems Biology of Pathogens, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuelong Shu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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26
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Iqbal Yatoo M, Hamid Z, Parray OR, Wani AH, Ul Haq A, Saxena A, Patel SK, Pathak M, Tiwari R, Malik YS, Sah R, Rabaan AA, Rodriguez Morales AJ, Dhama K. COVID-19 - Recent advancements in identifying novel vaccine candidates and current status of upcoming SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:2891-2904. [PMID: 32703064 PMCID: PMC8641591 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1788310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly. To date, countries have relied on the prevention of the disease through isolation, quarantine, and clinical care of affected individuals. However, studies on the roles of asymptomatic and mildly infected subjects in disease transmission, use of antiviral drugs, and vaccination of the general population will be very important for mitigating the effects of the eventual return of this pandemic. Initial investigations are ongoing to evaluate antigenic structures of SARS-CoV-2 and the immunogenicity of vaccine candidates. There also is a need to comprehensively compile the details of previous studies on SARS-related vaccines that can be extrapolated to identify potent vaccine targets for developing COVID-19 vaccines. This review aims to analyze previous studies, current status, and future possibilities for producing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Zeenat Hamid
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Oveas Rafiq Parray
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Aasim Habib Wani
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Abrar Ul Haq
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Archana Saxena
- Division of Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, India
| | - Yashpal Singh Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alfonso J. Rodriguez Morales
- Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigacion Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Risaralda, Colombia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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27
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Pangault C, Amé-Thomas P, Rossille D, Dulong J, Caron G, Nonn C, Chatonnet F, Desmots F, Launay V, Lamy T, Fest T, Tarte K. Integrative Analysis of Cell Crosstalk within Follicular Lymphoma Cell Niche: Towards a Definition of the FL Supportive Synapse. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12102865. [PMID: 33028033 PMCID: PMC7599549 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Follicular lymphoma, the most frequent indolent non-Hodgkin’s B cell lymphoma, arises from a germinal center B cell proliferation supported by a multidirectional crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment, in particular with follicular helper T cells and mesenchymal stromal cells. Here, we explored this complex network, starting from a comparative analysis of the molecular signatures of B cells, T cells, and stromal cells obtained from normal versus lymphoma tissues, and focusing on deregulated genes reflecting the crosstalk between these three cell subsets organizing the lymphoma cell niche. This helps us to point out new lymphoma-specific pathways, related to transcriptomic and functional specific features of T and stromal cells, and contributing to tumor B cell support directly or through the recruitment and/or activation of other pro-tumoral cell components. In the future, targeting these cell interactions with specific drugs in the FL niche could represent an attractive option for novel therapeutic strategies. Abstract Follicular lymphoma (FL), the most frequent indolent non-Hodgkin’s B cell lymphoma, is considered as a prototypical centrocyte-derived lymphoma, dependent on a specific microenvironment mimicking the normal germinal center (GC). In agreement, several FL genetic alterations affect the crosstalk between malignant B cells and surrounding cells, including stromal cells and follicular helper T cells (Tfh). In our study, we sought to deconvolute this complex FL supportive synapse by comparing the transcriptomic profiles of GC B cells, Tfh, and stromal cells, isolated from normal versus FL tissues, in order to identify tumor-specific pathways. In particular, we highlighted a high expression of IL-6 and IL-7 in FL B cells that could favor the activation of FL Tfh overexpressing IFNG, able in turn to stimulate FL B cells without triggering MHC (major histocompatibility) class II expression. Moreover, the glycoprotein clusterin was found up-regulated in FL stromal cells and could promote FL B cell adhesion. Finally, besides its expression on Tfh, CD200 was found overexpressed on tumor B cells and could contribute to the induction of the immunosuppressive enzyme indoleamine-2,3 dioxygenase by CD200R-expressing dendritic cells. Altogether our findings led us to outline the contribution of major signals provided by the FL microenvironment and their interactions with malignant FL B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Pangault
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Patricia Amé-Thomas
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Delphine Rossille
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Suivi Immunologique des Thérapeutiques Innovantes (SITI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Joëlle Dulong
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Suivi Immunologique des Thérapeutiques Innovantes (SITI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Gersende Caron
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Céline Nonn
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Chatonnet
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Desmots
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Launay
- Service Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Yves Le Fol, F-22000 Saint Brieuc, France;
| | - Thierry Lamy
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Service Hématologie Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (K.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)-223-234-512 (K.T.)
| | - Karin Tarte
- UMR_S 1236, Univ Rennes, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang (EFS) Bretagne, LabEx IGO, F-35000 Rennes, France; (C.P.); (P.A.-T.); (D.R.); (J.D.); (G.C.); (C.N.); (F.C.); (F.D.); (T.L.)
- Laboratoire Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Laboratoire Suivi Immunologique des Thérapeutiques Innovantes (SITI), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Correspondence: (T.F.); (K.T.); Tel.: +33-(0)-223-234-512 (K.T.)
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Ohadian Moghadam S. A Review on Currently Available Potential Therapeutic Options for COVID-19. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:443-467. [PMID: 32801840 PMCID: PMC7387864 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s263666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of unexplained pneumonia cases currently were first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Official names have been announced for the virus responsible, previously known as "2019 novel coronavirus" and the diseases it causes are, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19), respectively. Despite great efforts worldwide to control SARS-CoV-2, the spread of the virus has reached a pandemic. Infection prevention and control of this virus is the primary concern of public health officials and professionals. Currently, several therapeutic options for COVID-19 are proposed and vaccine development has been initiated for prevention purposes. In this review, we will discuss the most recent evidence about the current potential treatment options including anti-inflammatory drugs, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, nucleoside analogs, protease inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and convalescent plasma therapy. Some other agents such as vitamin D and melatonin, which were recommended as potential adjuvant treatments for COVID-19 infection are also presented. Moreover, the potential use of convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 infection was described. Furthermore, in the next part of the current review, various vaccination approaches against COVID-19 including whole virus vaccines, recombinant subunit vaccine, DNA vaccines, and mRNA vaccines are discussed.
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Marković I, Savvides SN. Modulation of Signaling Mediated by TSLP and IL-7 in Inflammation, Autoimmune Diseases, and Cancer. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1557. [PMID: 32849527 PMCID: PMC7396566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) and Interleukin-7 (IL-7) are widely studied cytokines within distinct branches of immunology. On one hand, TSLP is crucially important for mediating type 2 immunity at barrier surfaces and has been linked to widespread allergic and inflammatory diseases of the airways, skin, and gut. On the other hand, IL-7 operates at the foundations of T-cell and innate lymphoid cell (ILC) development and homeostasis and has been associated with cancer. Yet, TSLP and IL-7 are united by key commonalities in their structure and the structural basis of the receptor assemblies they mediate to initiate cellular signaling, in particular their cross-utilization of IL-7Rα. As therapeutic targeting of TSLP and IL-7 via diverse approaches is reaching advanced stages and in light of the plethora of mechanistic and structural data on receptor signaling mediated by the two cytokines, the time is ripe to provide integrated views of such knowledge. Here, we first discuss the major pathophysiological roles of TSLP and IL-7 in autoimmune diseases, inflammation and cancer. Subsequently, we curate structural and mechanistic knowledge about receptor assemblies mediated by the two cytokines. Finally, we review therapeutic avenues targeting TSLP and IL-7 signaling. We envision that such integrated view of the mechanism, structure, and modulation of signaling assemblies mediated by TSLP and IL-7 will enhance and fine-tune the development of more effective and selective approaches to further interrogate the role of TSLP and IL-7 in physiology and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Marković
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Savvas N Savvides
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium.,Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Zongfei J, Rongyi C, Xiaomeng C, Lili M, Lingying M, Xiufang K, Xiaomin D, Zhuojun Z, Huiyong C, Ying S, Lindi J. In vitro IL-6/IL-6R Trans-Signaling in Fibroblasts Releases Cytokines That May Be Linked to the Pathogenesis of IgG4-Related Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1272. [PMID: 32733444 PMCID: PMC7360847 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The remarkable mechanisms of storiform fibrosis and the formation of high levels of IgG4 with a pathogenic germinal center (GC) in the inflammatory tissue of IgG4-RD remains unknown and may be responsible for the unsatisfactory therapeutic effect on IgG4-related diseases when using conventional therapy. Objectives: To investigate the mechanisms of interleukin 6 (IL-6) inducing fibroblasts to produce cytokines for pathogenic GC formation in the development of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Methods: The clinical data and laboratory examinations of 56 patients with IgG4-RD were collected. IL-6 and IL-6R expression in the serum and tissues of patients with IgG4-RD and healthy controls were detected by ELISA, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Human aorta adventitial fibroblasts (AAFs) were cultured and stimulated with IL-6/IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). The effect of IL-6/IL-6R on AAFs was determined by Luminex assays. Results: The serum IL-6 and IL-6R levels were elevated in active IgG4-RD patients and IL-6 was positively correlated with the disease activity (e.g., erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C-reactive protein [CRP], and IgG4-RD responder index). IL-6 and IL-6R expression in the tissue lesions of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis and IgG4-related sialadenitis patients were also significantly higher than that in the normal tissues. In addition, there is a relative abundance of myofibroblasts as well as IgG4+ plasma cells in the tissues of IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis. α-SMA and B cell differentiation cytokines (i.e., B cell activating factor), and α-SMA and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-12, and IL-23) were co-expressed in the local lesions. In vitro, IL-6/IL-6R significantly promoted the production of B cell activating factor, IL-7, IL-12, and IL-23 in AAFs in a dose-dependent manner. This effect was partially blocked by JAK1, JAK2, STAT3, and Akt inhibitors, respectively. Conclusions:In vitro IL-6/IL-6R trans-signaling in fibroblasts releases Tfh and B cell differentiation factors partially via the JAK2/STAT3, JAK1/STAT3, and JAK2/Akt pathways, which may be linked to the pathogenesis of IgG4-RD. This indicated that IL-6 and fibroblasts may be responsible for GC formation and fibrosis in the development of IgG4-RD. Blocking IL-6 with JAK1/2 inhibitors or inhibiting fibroblast proliferation might be beneficial for IgG4-RD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Zongfei
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Rongyi
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cui Xiaomeng
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ma Lili
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ma Lingying
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kong Xiufang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dai Xiaomin
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang Zhuojun
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Huiyong
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sun Ying
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Lindi
- Department of Rheumatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Evidence-Based Medicine Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ahn DG, Shin HJ, Kim MH, Lee S, Kim HS, Myoung J, Kim BT, Kim SJ. Current Status of Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Therapeutics, and Vaccines for Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:313-324. [PMID: 32238757 PMCID: PMC9728410 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2003.03011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 539] [Impact Index Per Article: 134.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which causes serious respiratory illness such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei, China. The etiological agent of COVID-19 has been confirmed as a novel coronavirus, now known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is most likely originated from zoonotic coronaviruses, like SARS-CoV, which emerged in 2002. Within a few months of the first report, SARS-CoV-2 had spread across China and worldwide, reaching a pandemic level. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae-Gyun Ahn
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Shin
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Bioenvironmental Science and Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jinju 5834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Soo Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjong Myoung
- Korea Zoonosis Research Institute and Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Tae Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,B.T.K. Phone: +82-42-860-7023 E-mail:
| | - Seong-Jun Kim
- Center for Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 344, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors S.J.K. Phone: +82-42-860-7477 E-mail:
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Smith SP, Wu G, Fooks AR, Ma J, Banyard AC. Trying to treat the untreatable: experimental approaches to clear rabies virus infection from the CNS. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:1171-1186. [PMID: 31237530 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies virus causes an invariably fatal encephalitis following the onset of clinical disease. Despite the availability of safe and effective vaccines, the clinical stages of rabies encephalitis remain untreatable, with few survivors being documented. A principal obstacle to the treatment of rabies is the neurotropic nature of the virus, with the blood-brain barrier size exclusion limit rendering the delivery of antiviral drugs and molecules to the central nervous system inherently problematic. This review focuses on efforts to try and overcome barriers to molecule delivery to treat clinical rabies and overviews current progress in the development of experimental live rabies virus vaccines that may have future applications in the treatment of clinical rabies, including the attenuation of rabies virus vectors through either the duplication or mutation of existing genes or the incorporation of non-viral elements within the genome. Rabies post-infection treatment (PIT) remains the holy grail of rabies research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel P Smith
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Guanghui Wu
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Anthony R Fooks
- Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK.,Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Julian Ma
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ashley C Banyard
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's Hospital Medical School, University of London, London, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of West Sussex, Falmer, West Sussex, UK.,Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Addlestone, Surrey, KT15 3NB, UK
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Abudulai LN, Fernandez S, Corscadden K, Kirkham LA, Hunter M, Post JJ, French MA. Production of IgG2 Antibodies to Pneumococcal Polysaccharides After Vaccination of Treated HIV Patients May Be Augmented by IL-7Rα Signaling in ICOS + Circulating T Follicular-Helper Cells. Front Immunol 2019; 10:839. [PMID: 31068934 PMCID: PMC6491457 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Greater understanding of factors influencing the maturation of antibody responses against pneumococcal polysaccharides (PcPs) may improve pneumococcal vaccination strategies. Although PcPs are type 2 T cell-independent antigens thought not to induce follicular immune responses, we have previously shown that IgG2 antibody responses against antigens in the 23-valent unconjugated PcP vaccine (PPV23) are associated with expansion of ICOS+ circulating T follicular helper (cTFH) cells in HIV seronegative subjects but not HIV patients. As IL-7Rα signaling in CD4+ T cells may affect TFH cell function and is adversely affected by HIV-1 infection, we have examined the relationship of IL-7Rα expression on ICOS+ cTFH cells with PcP-specific IgG2 antibody responses. PPV23 vaccination was undertaken in HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (n = 25) and HIV seronegative subjects (n = 20). IL-7Rα expression on ICOS+ and ICOS− cTFH cells was assessed at day(D) 0, 7, and 28. Fold increase between D0 and D28 in serum IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies to PcP serotypes 4, 6B, 9V, and 14 and the frequency of IgG1+ and IgG2+ antibody secreting cells (ASCs) at D7 were also assessed. Decline in IL-7Rα expression on ICOS+ cTFH cells between D0 and D7 occurred in 75% of HIV seronegative subjects and 60% of HIV patients (Group A), with changes in IL-7Rα expression being more pronounced in HIV patients. Group A patients exhibited abnormally high IL-7Rα expression pre-vaccination, an association of serum IgG2, but not IgG1, antibody responses with a decline of IL-7Rα expression on ICOS+ cTFH cells between D0 and D7, and an association of higher IgG2+ ASCs with lower IL-7Rα expression on ICOS+ cTFH cells at D7. As decline of IL-7Rα expression on CD4+ T cells is an indicator of IL-7Rα signaling, our findings suggest that utilization of IL-7 by cTFH cells affects production of IgG2 antibodies to PPV23 antigens in some HIV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila N Abudulai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sonia Fernandez
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Karli Corscadden
- Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lea-Ann Kirkham
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccine and Infectious Disease Research, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael Hunter
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey J Post
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Martyn A French
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,UWA Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Chen C, Zhou M, Yan XG, Chen YX, Cui M, Chen HC, Fu ZF, Zhao L. A recombinant canine distemper virus expressing interleukin-7 enhances humoral immunity. J Gen Virol 2019; 100:602-615. [DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ming Zhou
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Xiao-geng Yan
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yi-xi Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Min Cui
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Huan-chun Chen
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Zhen-fang Fu
- 4Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Ling Zhao
- 3College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
- 2Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan, PR China
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Oh-Hora M, Lu X, Shiokawa M, Takayanagi H, Yamasaki S. Stromal Interaction Molecule Deficiency in T Cells Promotes Spontaneous Follicular Helper T Cell Development and Causes Type 2 Immune Disorders. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 202:2616-2627. [PMID: 30910863 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Appropriate T cell responses are controlled by strict balance between activatory and inhibitory pathways downstream of TCR. Although mice or humans with impaired TCR signaling develop autoimmunity, the precise molecular mechanisms linking reduced TCR signaling to autoimmunity are not fully understood. Engagement of TCR activates Ca2+ signaling mainly through store-operated Ca2+ entry activated by stromal interaction molecule (Stim) 1 and Stim2. Despite defective T cell activation, mice deficient in both Stim1 and Stim2 in T cells (conditional double knockout [cDKO]) developed lymphoproliferative disorders and skin inflammation with a concomitant increase in serum IgG1 and IgE levels. In cDKO mice, follicular helper T (Tfh) cells were dramatically increased in number, and they produced IL-4 spontaneously. These inflammatory symptoms were abolished by the deletion of IL-4 in cDKO mice. Tfh development and inflammatory symptoms in cDKO mice were abrogated by further deletion of NFAT2 in T cells. These findings suggest that Tfh cells spontaneously developed in the absence of Ca2+ signaling and caused unregulated type 2 responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Oh-Hora
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; .,Department of Biochemistry, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Xiuyuan Lu
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Moe Shiokawa
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takayanagi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; and
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan; .,Division of Molecular and Cellular Immunology, Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan.,Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
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Interleukin-7 promotes lung-resident CD14+ monocytes activity in patients with lung squamous carcinoma. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 67:202-210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pedros C, Altman A, Kong KF. Role of TRAFs in Signaling Pathways Controlling T Follicular Helper Cell Differentiation and T Cell-Dependent Antibody Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2412. [PMID: 30405612 PMCID: PMC6204373 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells represent a highly specialized CD4+ T cell subpopulation that supports the generation of germinal centers (GC) and provides B cells with critical signals promoting antibody class switching, generation of high affinity antibodies, and memory formation. TFH cells are characterized by the expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR5, the transcription factor Bcl-6, costimulatory molecules ICOS, and PD-1, and the production of cytokine IL-21. The acquisition of a TFH phenotype is a complex and multistep process that involves signals received through engagement of the TCR along with a multitude of costimulatory molecules and cytokines receptors. Members of the Tumor necrosis factor Receptor Associated Factors (TRAF) represent one of the major classes of signaling mediators involved in the differentiation and functions of TFH cells. TRAF molecules are the canonical adaptor molecules that physically interact with members of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF) and actively modulate their downstream signaling cascades through their adaptor function and/or E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. OX-40, GITR, and 4-1BB are the TRAF-dependent TNFRSF members that have been implicated in the differentiation and functions of TFH cells. On the other hand, emerging data demonstrate that TRAF proteins also participate in signaling from the TCR and CD28, which deliver critical signals leading to the differentiation of TFH cells. More intriguingly, we recently showed that the cytoplasmic tail of ICOS contains a conserved TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-binding motif that is shared with TBK1-binding TRAF proteins. The presence of this TRAF-mimicking signaling module downstream of ICOS is required to mediate the maturation step during TFH differentiation. In addition, JAK-STAT pathways emanating from IL-2, IL-6, IL-21, and IL-27 cytokine receptors affect TFH development, and crosstalk between TRAF-mediated pathways and the JAK-STAT pathways can contribute to generate integrated signals required to drive and sustain TFH differentiation. In this review, we will introduce the molecular interactions and the major signaling pathways controlling the differentiation of TFH cells. In each case, we will highlight the contributions of TRAF proteins to these signaling pathways. Finally, we will discuss the role of individual TRAF proteins in the regulation of T cell-dependent humoral responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Pedros
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Amnon Altman
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Kok-Fai Kong
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Liu T, Cheng X, Ding Y, Zhu F, Fu Y, Peng X, Xu W. PD-1 deficiency promotes TFH cells expansion in ITV-immunized mice by upregulating cytokines secretion. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:397. [PMID: 29980219 PMCID: PMC6035468 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2984-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T follicular helper (TFH) cells are fundamental for the development of humoral immunity. In our previous study, we found that PD-1 deficiency substantially promoted the expansion of Plasmodium-specific TFH cells and enhanced the humoral immunity of ITV (infection treatment vaccine)-immunized mice. However, the underlying mechanism by which PD-1 signaling modulates TFH cells activation remains unclear. Methods Mice were immunized with the ITV following the standard procedures. The activation phenotype of CD11c+CXCR5+ dendritic cells (DCs), the frequency and number of splenic follicular regulatory T cells (TFR cells), Plasmodium-specific TFH cells and germinal center (GC) B cells were analyzed by FACS. The levels of serum cytokines were quantified using the cytometric bead array (CBA) and in vivo cytokine neutralization was carried out according to a previously described protocol and verified by serum cytokine detection. Results We found that PD-1-/- naïve and immunized mice had more TFR cells in the spleen than WT and WT immunized mice. Additionally, CXCR5+ DC, which prime TFH cells, were activated at similar levels in ITV-immunized WT and PD-1-/- mice. However, the serum levels of IL-10, IFN-γ and MCP-1 were significantly increased in ITV-immunized PD-1-/- mice, and treatment with an anti-IL-10, anti-IFN-γ or anti-MCP-1 neutralizing antibody in vivo markedly impaired the development of TFH cells and GC B cells. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that the modulation of TFH cells by PD-1 signaling is dependent on the cytokines IL-10, IFN-γ and MCP-1 in ITV-immunized mice. These results could facilitate the design of an effective malaria vaccine with the aim of inducing humoral immune responses. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-018-2984-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiping Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyun Cheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Peng
- Department of Parasitology, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyue Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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40
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Zhang ZH, Jiang BC, Liu XH, Zhang MX, Li ZSN, Zhu GZ. Interleukin-7 Regulates T Follicular Helper Cell Function in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. Viral Immunol 2018; 31:417-425. [PMID: 29672235 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2018.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling through interleukin (IL)-7 is essential and required for development, differentiation, proliferation, and homeostasis of T cells. However, the role of IL-7 in regulation of CD4+ T cells in chronic viral infections was not fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of IL-7 to T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and its contribution to pathogenesis of chronic HCV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. A total of 47 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 19 normal controls were enrolled. Serum IL-7 and proportion of Tfh cells was measured. The regulatory function of IL-7 to Tfh cells was also investigated in CD4+ T cells and CD4+ T/HCVcc-infected Huh7.5 cell cocultured system. Serum IL-7 concentration was significantly downregulated in patients with chronic hepatitis C, and was negatively correlated with HCV RNA level. Tfh frequency and Tfh-associated cytokines (IL-21 and IL-6) were also reduced in chronic HCV-infected patients. Moreover, recombinant IL-7 stimulation elevated proportion of Tfh cells and IL-21/IL-6 secretion in both HCV-specific and nonspecific manners. Furthermore, IL-7-treated CD4+ T cells exhibited elevated antiviral activities without killing infected hepatocytes, which presented as inhibition of HCV RNA, induction of antiviral proteins, and promotion of cytokine production (especially IL-21) in cocultured system. This process might be dependent on IL-6 secretion. The current data revealed that IL-7 regulated HCV-specific and nonspecific activated Tfh cells, which might contribute to viral clearance. IL-7 could be a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hong Zhang
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ben-Chun Jiang
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Liu
- 2 The Geriatric Department, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Meng-Xuan Zhang
- 3 Clinical Medicine College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhen-Sheng-Nan Li
- 4 Clinical Medicine College, Jilin University , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guang-Ze Zhu
- 1 Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine , Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Hähnlein JS, Ramwadhdoebe TH, Semmelink JF, Choi IY, Berger FH, Maas M, Gerlag DM, Tak PP, Geijtenbeek TBH, van Baarsen LGM. Distinctive expression of T cell guiding molecules in human autoimmune lymph node stromal cells upon TLR3 triggering. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1736. [PMID: 29379035 PMCID: PMC5789053 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections are implicated in autoimmunity. Autoantibodies are produced in lymphoid tissue where lymph node stromal cells (LNSCs) regulate lymphocyte function. Infections can alter the interaction between LNSCs and lymphocytes resulting in defective immune responses. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) autoantibody production precedes clinical disease allowing identification of at risk individuals. We investigated the ability of human LNSCs derived from RA, RA-risk and healthy individuals to sense and respond to pathogens. Human LNSCs cultured directly from freshly collected lymph node biopsies expressed TLR1-9 with exception of TLR7. In all donors TLR3 triggering induced expression of ISGs, IL-6 and adhesion molecules like VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. Strikingly, T cell guiding chemokines CCL19 and IL-8 as well as the antiviral gene MxA were less induced upon TLR3 triggering in autoimmune LNSCs. This observed decrease, found already in LNSCs of RA-risk individuals, may lead to incorrect positioning of lymphocytes and aberrant immune responses during viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine S Hähnlein
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara H Ramwadhdoebe
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna F Semmelink
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ivy Y Choi
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferco H Berger
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Department of Radiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle M Gerlag
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Clinical Unit Cambridge, GlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul P Tak
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, UK
| | - Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa G M van Baarsen
- Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Lardone RD, Plaisier SB, Navarrete MS, Shamonki JM, Jalas JR, Sieling PA, Lee DJ. Cross-platform comparison of independent datasets identifies an immune signature associated with improved survival in metastatic melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:14415-28. [PMID: 26883106 PMCID: PMC4924725 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Platform and study differences in prognostic signatures from metastatic melanoma (MM) gene expression reports often hinder consensus arrival. We performed survival/outcome-based pairwise comparisons of three independent MM gene expression profiles using the threshold-free algorithm rank-rank hypergeometric overlap analysis (RRHO). We found statistically significant overlap for genes overexpressed in favorable outcome (FO) groups, but no overlap for poor outcome (PO) groups. This “favorable outcome signature” (FOS) of 228 genes coinciding on all three overlapping gene lists showed immune function predominated in FO MM. Surprisingly, specific cell signature-enrichment analysis showed B cell-associated genes enriched in FO MM, along with T cell-associated genes. Higher levels of B and T cells (p<0.05) and their relative proximity (p<0.05) were detected in FO-to-PO tumor comparisons from an independent MM patients cohort. Finally, expression of FOS in two independent Stage III MM tumor datasets correctly predicted clinical outcome in 12/14 and 44/70 patients using a weighted gene voting classifier (area under the curve values 0.96 and 0.75, respectively). This RRHO-based, cross-study analysis emphasizes the RRHO approach power, confirms T cells relevance for prolonged MM survival, supports a favorable role for B cells in anti-melanoma immunity, and suggests B cells potential as means of intervention in melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D Lardone
- Department of Translational Immunology, Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Seema B Plaisier
- Department of Translational Immunology, Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Marian S Navarrete
- Department of Translational Immunology, Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | | | - John R Jalas
- Department of Pathology at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Peter A Sieling
- Department of Translational Immunology, Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Delphine J Lee
- Department of Translational Immunology, Dirks/Dougherty Laboratory for Cancer Research, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
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Wilkins AL, Kazmin D, Napolitani G, Clutterbuck EA, Pulendran B, Siegrist CA, Pollard AJ. AS03- and MF59-Adjuvanted Influenza Vaccines in Children. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1760. [PMID: 29326687 PMCID: PMC5733358 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major cause of respiratory disease leading to hospitalization in young children. However, seasonal trivalent influenza vaccines (TIVs) have been shown to be ineffective and poorly immunogenic in this population. The development of live-attenuated influenza vaccines and adjuvanted vaccines are important advances in the prevention of influenza in young children. The oil-in-water emulsions MF59 and adjuvant systems 03 (AS03) have been used as adjuvants in both seasonal adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccines (ATIVs) and pandemic monovalent influenza vaccines. Compared with non-adjuvanted vaccine responses, these vaccines induce a more robust and persistent antibody response for both homologous and heterologous influenza strains in infants and young children. Evidence of a significant improvement in vaccine efficacy with these adjuvanted vaccines resulted in the use of the monovalent (A/H1N1) AS03-adjuvanted vaccine in children in the 2009 influenza pandemic and the licensure of the seasonal MF59 ATIV for children aged 6 months to 2 years in Canada. The mechanism of action of MF59 and AS03 remains unclear. Adjuvants such as MF59 induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including CXCL10, but independently of type-1 interferon. This proinflammatory response is associated with improved recruitment, activation and maturation of antigen presenting cells at the injection site. In young children MF59 ATIV produced more homogenous and robust transcriptional responses, more similar to adult-like patterns, than did TIV. Early gene signatures characteristic of the innate immune response, which correlated with antibody titers were also identified. Differences were detected when comparing child and adult responses including opposite trends in gene set enrichment at day 3 postvaccination and, unlike adult data, a lack of correlation between magnitude of plasmablast response at day 7 and antibody titers at day 28 in children. These insights show the utility of novel approaches in understanding new adjuvants and their importance for developing improved influenza vaccines for children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitri Kazmin
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Giorgio Napolitani
- Medical Research Council (MRC), Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Bali Pulendran
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Pathology, and Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Institute for Immunology, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Andrew J. Pollard
- Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, The NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Blokland SLM, Hillen MR, Kruize AA, Meller S, Homey B, Smithson GM, Radstake TRDJ, van Roon JAG. Increased CCL25 and T Helper Cells Expressing CCR9 in the Salivary Glands of Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Potential New Axis in Lymphoid Neogenesis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/art.40182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aike A. Kruize
- University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht The Netherlands
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Leong YA, Atnerkar A, Yu D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Playing Hide-and-Seek: Understanding the T FH Cell Reservoir and Proposing Strategies to Overcome the Follicle Sanctuary. Front Immunol 2017; 8:622. [PMID: 28620380 PMCID: PMC5449969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects millions of people worldwide, and new cases continue to emerge. Once infected, the virus cannot be cleared by the immune system and causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Combination antiretroviral therapeutic regimen effectively suppresses viral replication and halts disease progression. The treatment, however, does not eliminate the virus-infected cells, and interruption of treatment inevitably leads to viral rebound. The rebound virus originates from a group of virus-infected cells referred to as the cellular reservoir of HIV. Identifying and eliminating the HIV reservoir will prevent viral rebound and cure HIV infection. In this review, we focus on a recently discovered HIV reservoir in a subset of CD4+ T cells called the follicular helper T (TFH) cells. We describe the potential mechanisms for the emergence of reservoir in TFH cells, and the strategies to target and eliminate this viral reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yew Ann Leong
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Anurag Atnerkar
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Di Yu
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Chiodi F, Bekele Y, Lantto Graham R, Nasi A. IL-7 and CD4 T Follicular Helper Cells in HIV-1 Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:451. [PMID: 28473831 PMCID: PMC5397507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-7 was previously shown to upregulate the expression of molecules important for interaction of CD4+ T cells with B cells. It is poorly studied whether IL-7 has a role in the biology of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and whether IL-7 dysregulates the expression of B-cell costimulatory molecules on Tfh cells. We review the literature and provide arguments in favor of IL-7 being involved in the biology of human Tfh cells. The CD127 IL-7 receptor is expressed on circulating Tfh and non-Tfh cells, and we show that IL-7, but not IL-6 or IL-21, upregulates the expression of CD70 and PD-1 on these cells. We conclude that IL-7, a cytokine whose level is elevated during HIV-1 infection, may have a role in increased expression of B cell costimulatory molecules on Tfh cells and lead to abnormal B cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Chiodi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yonas Bekele
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Lantto Graham
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aikaterini Nasi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Overexpression of Interleukin-7 Extends the Humoral Immune Response Induced by Rabies Vaccination. J Virol 2017; 91:JVI.02324-16. [PMID: 28100620 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02324-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies continues to present a public health threat in most countries of the world. The most efficient way to prevent and control rabies is to implement vaccination programs for domestic animals. However, traditional inactivated vaccines used in animals are costly and have relatively low efficiency, which impedes their extensive use in developing countries. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop single-dose and long-lasting rabies vaccines. However, little information is available regarding the mechanisms underlying immunological memory, which can broaden humoral responses following rabies vaccination. In this study, a recombinant rabies virus (RABV) that expressed murine interleukin-7 (IL-7), referred to here as rLBNSE-IL-7, was constructed, and its effectiveness was evaluated in a mouse model. rLBNSE-IL-7 induced higher rates of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and germinal center (GC) B cells from draining lymph nodes (LNs) than the parent virus rLBNSE. Interestingly, rLBNSE-IL-7 improved the percentages of long-lived memory B cells (Bmem) in the draining LNs and plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM) for up to 360 days postimmunization (dpi). As a result of the presence of the long-lived PCs, it also generated prolonged virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs), resulting in better protection against a lethal challenge than that seen with rLBNSE. Moreover, consistent with the increased numbers of Bmem and PCs after a boost with rLBNSE, rLBNSE-IL-7-immunized mice promptly produced a more potent secondary anti-RABV neutralizing antibody response than rLBNSE-immunized mice. Overall, our data suggest that overexpressing IL-7 improved the induction of long-lasting primary and secondary antibody responses post-RABV immunization.IMPORTANCE Extending humoral immune responses using adjuvants is an important method to develop long-lasting and efficient vaccines against rabies. However, little information is currently available regarding prolonged immunological memory post-RABV vaccination. In this study, a novel rabies vaccine that expressed murine IL-7 was developed. This vaccine enhanced the numbers of Tfh cells and the GC responses, resulting in upregulated quantities of Bmem and PCs. Moreover, we found that the long-lived PCs that were elicited by the IL-7-expressing recombinant virus (rLBNSE-IL-7) were able to sustain VNA levels much longer than those elicited by the parent rLBNSE virus. Upon reexposure to the pathogen, the longevous Bmem, which maintained higher numbers for up to 360 dpi with rLBNSE-IL-7 compared to rLBNSE, could differentiate into antibody-secreting cells, resulting in rapid and potent secondary production of VNAs. These results suggest that the expression of IL-7 is beneficial for induction of potent and long-lasting humoral immune responses.
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Dieu-Nosjean MC, Giraldo NA, Kaplon H, Germain C, Fridman WH, Sautès-Fridman C. Tertiary lymphoid structures, drivers of the anti-tumor responses in human cancers. Immunol Rev 2016; 271:260-75. [PMID: 27088920 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of the microenvironment of human tumors led to the description of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) characterized by mature dendritic cells in a T-cell zone adjacent to B-cell follicle including a germinal center. TLS represent sites of lymphoid neogenesis that develop in most solid cancers. Analysis of the current literature shows that the TLS presence is associated with a favorable clinical outcome for cancer patients, regardless of the approach used to quantify TLS and the stage of the disease. Using several approaches that combine immunohistochemistry, gene expression assays, and flow cytometry on large series of lung tumors, our work demonstrated that TLS are important sites for the initiation and/or maintenance of the local and systemic T- and B-cell responses against tumors. Surrounded by high endothelial venules, they represent a privileged area for the recruitment of lymphocytes into tumors and generation of central-memory T and B cells that circulate and limit cancer progression. TLS can be considered as a novel biomarker to stratify the overall survival risk of untreated cancer patients and as a marker of efficient immunotherapies. The induction and manipulation of cancer-associated TLS using drug agonists and/or biotherapies should open new avenues to treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas A Giraldo
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Kaplon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Claire Germain
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Team 13 Cancer, Immune Control and Escape, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UMR_S 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
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Sautès-Fridman C, Lawand M, Giraldo NA, Kaplon H, Germain C, Fridman WH, Dieu-Nosjean MC. Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Cancers: Prognostic Value, Regulation, and Manipulation for Therapeutic Intervention. Front Immunol 2016; 7:407. [PMID: 27752258 PMCID: PMC5046074 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates that reflect lymphoid neogenesis occurring in tissues at sites of inflammation. They are detected in tumors where they orchestrate local and systemic anti-tumor responses. A correlation has been found between high densities of TLS and prolonged patient's survival in more than 10 different types of cancer. TLS can be regulated by the same set of chemokines and cytokines that orchestrate lymphoid organogenesis and by regulatory T cells. Thus, TLS offer a series of putative new targets that could be used to develop therapies aiming to increase the anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Lawand
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas A Giraldo
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Kaplon
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Claire Germain
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Wolf Herman Fridman
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean
- INSERM, UMR_S 1138, Team "Cancer, Immune Control and Escape", Cordeliers Research Center, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; UMR_S 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne University, UPMC University Paris 06, Paris, France
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Zhong H, Xibing G, Yaping D, Zheng W, Decai F, Xiaoye G, Hangyuan W, Dong W, Zhonghua L. Interleukin-7 in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B May Have Effect on T Follicular Helper Cells and Specific Cellular Immunity. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2016; 16:e36068. [PMID: 27822258 PMCID: PMC5091030 DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.36068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), the relation of interkeukin-7 (IL-7) to either the T follicular helper cells (Tfh cells) or to a specific cellular immune response is not clear. OBJECTIVES The present study aims to explore the possible relationship of IL-7 to Tfh cells and to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific cellular immune response in patients with CHB. METHODS Ninety-one adult patients with CHB were divided into groups A, B, and C, according to the patients' IL-7 levels (low, medium, and high). Tfh cells and HBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were detected with flow cytometry; IL-7 and IL-21 were determined with a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; and HBV DNA was determined by using a real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The results showed that the levels of IL-7, Tfh cells, IL-21, and HBV-specific CTLs of patients in group C were significantly higher than those of patients in group B, (P < 0.01 for each comparison) and that the levels of these four parameters of patients in group B were significantly higher than those of the patients in group A (P < 0.01 for each comparison). Meanwhile, the level of HBV DNA of the patients in group C was significantly lower than that of the patients in group B (P < 0.01), and that of the patients in group B was significantly lower than that of the patients in group A (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that IL-7, Tfh cells, IL-21, and HBV-specific CTL might have effects on HBV DNA and that only the HBV-specific CTL had an independent effect on HBV DNA (P < 0.01). IL-7, Tfh cells, and IL-21 showed independent effects on HBV-specific CTL (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that the IL-7 level of CHB patients may be related to Tfh cells. In CHB patients, IL-7 possibly increases the level of Tfh cells and HBV-specific cellular immune responses and thereby reduces the HBV DNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhong
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Gu Xibing
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Corresponding Author: Gu Xibing, Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. Tel: +86-13812051392, Fax: +86-51068918000, E-mail:
| | - Dai Yaping
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wang Zheng
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Fu Decai
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guo Xiaoye
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wu Hangyuan
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wang Dong
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lu Zhonghua
- Department of Hepatology, Wuxi Fifth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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