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Safi R, Menéndez P, Pol A. Lipid droplets provide metabolic flexibility for cancer progression. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:1301-1327. [PMID: 38325881 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A hallmark of cancer cells is their remarkable ability to efficiently adapt to favorable and hostile environments. Due to a unique metabolic flexibility, tumor cells can grow even in the absence of extracellular nutrients or in stressful scenarios. To achieve this, cancer cells need large amounts of lipids to build membranes, synthesize lipid-derived molecules, and generate metabolic energy in the absence of other nutrients. Tumor cells potentiate strategies to obtain lipids from other cells, metabolic pathways to synthesize new lipids, and mechanisms for efficient storage, mobilization, and utilization of these lipids. Lipid droplets (LDs) are the organelles that collect and supply lipids in eukaryotes and it is increasingly recognized that the accumulation of LDs is a new hallmark of cancer cells. Furthermore, an active role of LD proteins in processes underlying tumorigenesis has been proposed. Here, by focusing on three major classes of LD-resident proteins (perilipins, lipases, and acyl-CoA synthetases), we provide an overview of the contribution of LDs to cancer progression and discuss the role of LD proteins during the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, apoptosis, and stemness of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Safi
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cancer, CIBER-ONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Advanced Cell Therapies (TERAV), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Pol
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Wang H, Shen M, Shu X, Guo B, Jia T, Feng J, Lu Z, Chen Y, Lin J, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Sun D. Cardiac Metabolism, Reprogramming, and Diseases. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:71-84. [PMID: 37668897 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10432-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for the largest bulk of deaths worldwide, posing a massive burden on societies and the global healthcare system. Besides, the incidence and prevalence of these diseases are on the rise, demanding imminent action to revert this trend. Cardiovascular pathogenesis harbors a variety of molecular and cellular mechanisms among which dysregulated metabolism is of significant importance and may even proceed other mechanisms. The healthy heart metabolism primarily relies on fatty acids for the ultimate production of energy through oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Other metabolites such as glucose, amino acids, and ketone bodies come next. Under pathological conditions, there is a shift in metabolic pathways and the preference of metabolites, termed metabolic remodeling or reprogramming. In this review, we aim to summarize cardiovascular metabolism and remodeling in different subsets of CVD to come up with a new paradigm for understanding and treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichang Wang
- Heart Hospital, Xi'an International Medical Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofei Shu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tengfei Jia
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaxu Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zuocheng Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Institute for Hospital Management Research, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongdong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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3
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Drake RR, Louey S, Thornburg KL. Maturation of lipid metabolism in the fetal and newborn sheep heart. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 325:R809-R819. [PMID: 37867472 PMCID: PMC11178298 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00122.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
At birth, the fetus experiences a dramatic change in environment that is accompanied by a shift in myocardial fuel preference from lactate and glucose in fetal life to fatty acid oxidation after birth. We hypothesized that fatty acid metabolic machinery would mature during fetal life in preparation for this extreme metabolic transformation at birth. We quantified the pre- (94-day and 135-day gestation, term ∼147 days) and postnatal (5 ± 4 days postnatal) gene expression and protein levels for fatty acid transporters and enzymes in hearts from a precocial species, the sheep. Gene expression of fatty acid translocase (CD36), acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain 1 (ACSL1), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1), hydroxy-acyl dehydrogenase (HADH), acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), and glycerol phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) progressively increased through the perinatal period, whereas several genes [fatty acid transport protein 6 (FATP6), acyl-CoA synthetase long chain 3 (ACSL3), long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCAD), very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK4), phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT)] were stable in fetal hearts and had high expression after birth. Protein expression of CD36 and ACSL1 progressively increased throughout the perinatal period, whereas protein expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (fetal isoform) (CPT1a) decreased and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1b (adult isoform) (CPT1b) remained constitutively expressed. Using fluorescent-tagged long-chain fatty acids (BODIPY-C12), we demonstrated that fetal (125 ± 1 days gestation) cardiomyocytes produce 59% larger lipid droplets (P < 0.05) compared with newborn (8 ± 1 day) cardiomyocytes. These results provide novel insights into the perinatal maturation of cardiac fatty acid metabolism in a precocial species.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study characterized the previously unknown expression patterns of genes that regulate the metabolism of free fatty acids in the perinatal sheep myocardium. This study shows that the prenatal myocardium prepares for the dramatic switch from carbohydrate metabolism to near complete reliance on free fatty acids postnatally. Fetal and neonatal cardiomyocytes also demonstrate differing lipid storage mechanisms where fetal cardiomyocytes form larger lipid droplets compared with newborn cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R Drake
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
| | - Kent L Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, United States
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4
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Dajani AHJ, Liu MB, Olaopa MA, Cao L, Valenzuela-Ripoll C, Davis TJ, Poston MD, Smith EH, Contreras J, Pennino M, Waldmann CM, Hoover DB, Lee JT, Jay PY, Javaheri A, Slavik R, Qu Z, Ajijola OA. Heterogeneous cardiac sympathetic innervation gradients promote arrhythmogenesis in murine dilated cardiomyopathy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e157956. [PMID: 37815863 PMCID: PMC10721311 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) in heart failure are enhanced by sympathoexcitation. However, radiotracer studies of catecholamine uptake in failing human hearts demonstrate a proclivity for VAs in patients with reduced cardiac sympathetic innervation. We hypothesized that this counterintuitive finding is explained by heterogeneous loss of sympathetic nerves in the failing heart. In a murine model of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), delayed PET imaging of sympathetic nerve density using the catecholamine analog [11C]meta-Hydroxyephedrine demonstrated global hypoinnervation in ventricular myocardium. Although reduced, sympathetic innervation in 2 distinct DCM models invariably exhibited transmural (epicardial to endocardial) gradients, with the endocardium being devoid of sympathetic nerve fibers versus controls. Further, the severity of transmural innervation gradients was correlated with VAs. Transmural innervation gradients were also identified in human left ventricular free wall samples from DCM versus controls. We investigated mechanisms underlying this relationship by in silico studies in 1D, 2D, and 3D models of failing and normal human hearts, finding that arrhythmogenesis increased as heterogeneity in sympathetic innervation worsened. Specifically, both DCM-induced myocyte electrical remodeling and spatially inhomogeneous innervation gradients synergistically worsened arrhythmogenesis. Thus, heterogeneous innervation gradients in DCM promoted arrhythmogenesis. Restoration of homogeneous sympathetic innervation in the failing heart may reduce VAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Hassan J. Dajani
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael B. Liu
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michael A. Olaopa
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lucian Cao
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | | - Timothy J. Davis
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Megan D. Poston
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, and
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Elizabeth H. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, and
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jaime Contreras
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marissa Pennino
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Christopher M. Waldmann
- Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Donald B. Hoover
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Quillen College of Medicine, and
- Center of Excellence in Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jason T. Lee
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | | | - Ali Javaheri
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- John J. Cochran Veterans Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Roger Slavik
- Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Zhilin Qu
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Olujimi A. Ajijola
- UCLA Cardiac Arrhythmia Center, UCLA Neurocardiology Research Program of Excellence, and Department of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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5
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Zhou WH, Luo Y, Li RX, Degrace P, Jourdan T, Qiao F, Chen LQ, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation activates mTORC1 pathway and protein synthesis via Gcn5-dependent acetylation of Raptor in zebrafish. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105220. [PMID: 37660921 PMCID: PMC10540046 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) has been clinically used to alleviate certain metabolic diseases by remodeling cellular metabolism. However, mitochondrial FAO inhibition also leads to mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation-related protein synthesis and tissue hypertrophy, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, by using a mitochondrial FAO inhibitor (mildronate or etomoxir) or knocking out carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, we revealed that mitochondrial FAO inhibition activated the mTORC1 pathway through general control nondepressible 5-dependent Raptor acetylation. Mitochondrial FAO inhibition significantly promoted glucose catabolism and increased intracellular acetyl-CoA levels. In response to the increased intracellular acetyl-CoA, acetyltransferase general control nondepressible 5 activated mTORC1 by catalyzing Raptor acetylation through direct interaction. Further investigation also screened Raptor deacetylase histone deacetylase class II and identified histone deacetylase 7 as a potential regulator of Raptor. These results provide a possible mechanistic explanation for the mTORC1 activation after mitochondrial FAO inhibition and also bring light to reveal the roles of nutrient metabolic remodeling in regulating protein acetylation by affecting acetyl-CoA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hao Zhou
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xin Li
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Pascal Degrace
- Pathophysiology of Dyslipidemia Research Group, INSERM UMR1231 CTM (Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine) Ex-Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Tony Jourdan
- Pathophysiology of Dyslipidemia Research Group, INSERM UMR1231 CTM (Center for Translational and Molecular Medicine) Ex-Lipids, Nutrition, Cancer, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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6
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Du J, Sudlow LC, Shahverdi K, Zhou H, Michie M, Schindler TH, Mitchell JD, Mollah S, Berezin MY. Oxaliplatin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice is connected to the changes in energy metabolism in the heart tissue. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.24.542198. [PMID: 37292714 PMCID: PMC10245950 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.24.542198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin is a platinum-based alkylating chemotherapeutic agent used for cancer treatment. At high cumulative dosage, the negative effect of oxaliplatin on the heart becomes evident and is linked to a growing number of clinical reports. The aim of this study was to determine how chronic oxaliplatin treatment causes the changes in energy-related metabolic activity in the heart that leads to cardiotoxicity and heart damage in mice. C57BL/6 male mice were treated with a human equivalent dosage of intraperitoneal oxaliplatin (0 and 10 mg/kg) once a week for eight weeks. During the treatment, mice were followed for physiological parameters, ECG, histology and RNA sequencing of the heart. We identified that oxaliplatin induces strong changes in the heart and affects the heart's energy-related metabolic profile. Histological post-mortem evaluation identified focal myocardial necrosis infiltrated with a small number of associated neutrophils. Accumulated doses of oxaliplatin led to significant changes in gene expression related to energy related metabolic pathways including fatty acid (FA) oxidation, amino acid metabolism, glycolysis, electron transport chain, and NAD synthesis pathway. At high accumulative doses of oxaliplatin, the heart shifts its metabolism from FAs to glycolysis and increases lactate production. It also leads to strong overexpression of genes in NAD synthesis pathways such as Nmrk2. Changes in gene expression associated with energy metabolic pathways can be used to develop diagnostic methods to detect oxaliplatin-induced cardiotoxicity early on as well as therapy to compensate for the energy deficit in the heart to prevent heart damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Du
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Leland C Sudlow
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Kiana Shahverdi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Haiying Zhou
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Megan Michie
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Thomas H Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joshua D Mitchell
- Cardio-Oncology Center of Excellence, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Shamim Mollah
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Mikhail Y Berezin
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Institute of Materials Science & Engineering Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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7
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Li X, Bi X. Integrated Control of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Heart Failure. Metabolites 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 37233656 PMCID: PMC10220550 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted fatty acid metabolism is one of the most important metabolic features in heart failure. The heart obtains energy from fatty acids via oxidation. However, heart failure results in markedly decreased fatty acid oxidation and is accompanied by the accumulation of excess lipid moieties that lead to cardiac lipotoxicity. Herein, we summarized and discussed the current understanding of the integrated regulation of fatty acid metabolism (including fatty acid uptake, lipogenesis, lipolysis, and fatty acid oxidation) in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The functions of many enzymes and regulatory factors in fatty acid homeostasis were characterized. We reviewed their contributions to the development of heart failure and highlighted potential targets that may serve as promising new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xukun Bi
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Intervention and Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China;
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8
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Koves TR, Zhang GF, Davidson MT, Chaves AB, Crown SB, Johnson JM, Slentz DH, Grimsrud PA, Muoio DM. Pyruvate-supported flux through medium-chain ketothiolase promotes mitochondrial lipid tolerance in cardiac and skeletal muscles. Cell Metab 2023:S1550-4131(23)00094-3. [PMID: 37060901 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Even-chain acylcarnitine (AC) metabolites, most of which are generated as byproducts of incomplete fatty acid oxidation (FAO), are viewed as biomarkers of mitochondrial lipid stress attributable to one or more metabolic bottlenecks in the β-oxidation pathway. The origins and functional implications of FAO bottlenecks remain poorly understood. Here, we combined a sophisticated mitochondrial phenotyping platform with state-of-the-art molecular profiling tools and multiple two-state mouse models of respiratory function to uncover a mechanism that connects AC accumulation to lipid intolerance, metabolic inflexibility, and respiratory inefficiency in skeletal muscle mitochondria. These studies also identified a short-chain carbon circuit at the C4 node of FAO wherein reverse flux of glucose-derived acetyl CoA through medium-chain ketothiolase enhances lipid tolerance and redox stability in heart mitochondria by regenerating free CoA and NAD+. The findings help to explain why diminished FAO capacity, AC accumulation, and metabolic inflexibility are tightly linked to poor health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Koves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Guo-Fang Zhang
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Michael T Davidson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Alec B Chaves
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Scott B Crown
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Dorothy H Slentz
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Paul A Grimsrud
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Deborah M Muoio
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute and Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27701, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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9
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Cyclic stretch promotes vascular homing of endothelial progenitor cells via Acsl1 regulation of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2219630120. [PMID: 36716379 PMCID: PMC9963562 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219630120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important role in vascular repair and re-endothelialization after vessel injury. EPCs in blood vessels are subjected to cyclic stretch (CS) due to the pulsatile pressure, but the role of CS in metabolic reprogramming of EPC, particularly its vascular homing and repair, is largely unknown. In the current study, physiological CS applied to EPCs at a magnitude of 10% and a frequency of 1 Hz significantly promoted their vascular adhesion and endothelial differentiation. CS enhanced mitochondrial elongation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), as well as adenosine triphosphate production. Metabolomic study and Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry assay revealed that CS significantly decreased the content of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and markedly induced long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (Acsl1), which in turn facilitated the catabolism of LCFAs in mitochondria via fatty acid β-oxidation and OXPHOS. In a rat carotid artery injury model, transplantation of EPCs overexpressing Acsl1 enhanced the adhesion and re-endothelialization of EPCs in vivo. MRI and vascular morphology staining showed that Acsl1 overexpression in EPCs improved vascular repair and inhibited vascular stenosis. This study reveals a mechanotransduction mechanism by which physiological CS enhances endothelial repair via EPC patency.
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10
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Dong H, Zhong W, Zhang W, Hao L, Guo W, Yue R, Sun X, Sun Z, Bataller R, Zhou Z. Loss of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 promotes hepatocyte death in alcohol-induced steatohepatitis. Metabolism 2023; 138:155334. [PMID: 36349655 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption has been shown to disrupt hepatic lipid homeostasis. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) critically regulates hepatic fatty acid metabolism and lipid homeostasis by channeling fatty acids to lipid metabolic pathways. However, it remains unclear how ACSL1 contributes to the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). METHODS We performed chronic alcohol feeding animal studies with hepatocyte-specific ACSL1 knockout (ACSL1Δhep) mice, hepatocyte-specific STAT5 knockout (STAT5Δhep) mice, and ACSL1Δhep based-STAT5B overexpression (Stat5b-OE) mice. Cell studies were conducted to define the causal role of ACSL1 deficiency in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced liver injury. The clinical relevance of the STAT5-ACSL1 pathway was examined using liver tissues from patients with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and normal subjects (Normal). RESULTS We found that chronic alcohol consumption reduced hepatic ACSL1 expression in AH patients and ALD mice. Hepatocyte-specific ACSL1 deletion exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury by increasing free fatty acids (FFA) accumulation and cell death. Cell studies revealed that FFA elicited the translocation of BAX and p-MLKL to the lysosomal membrane, resulting in lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) and thereby initiating lysosomal-mediated cell death pathway. Furthermore, we identified that the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) is a novel transcriptional regulator of ACSL1. Deletion of STAT5 exacerbated alcohol-induced liver injury in association with downregulation of ACSL1, and reactivation of ACSL1 by STAT5 overexpression effectively ameliorated alcohol-induced liver injury. In addition, ACSL1 expression was positively correlated with STAT5 and negatively correlated with cell death was also validated in the liver of AH patients. CONCLUSIONS ACSL1 deficiency due to STAT5 inactivation critically mediates alcohol-induced lipotoxicity and cell death in the development of ALD. These findings provide insights into alcohol-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Dong
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Wei Zhong
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Wenliang Zhang
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Liuyi Hao
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Wei Guo
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Ruichao Yue
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Xinguo Sun
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhanxiang Zhou
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, USA; Department of Nutrition, the University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
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11
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Ectopic Acsl6 Overexpression Partially Improves Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy In Vivo and Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy In Vitro. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 80:792-803. [PMID: 35976155 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The increase in cardiac myocyte size is a critical issue in cardiac hypertrophy development. In this study, 61 differentially expressed genes between hypertrophic rats and normal controls were enriched in the positive modulation of fatty acid uptake, fatty acid metabolism and degradation, cardiac conduction, and the oxidation of carbohydrates and other processes. Acsl6 was significantly downregulated in hypertrophic rat and mouse hearts according to online data. Based on the experimental data, Acsl6 was underexpressed in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse model and isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy cell model. In vivo, Acsl6 overexpression partially attenuated ISO-induced increases in the cross-sectional area and cardiac hypertrophy, elevated hypertrophic markers, and caused impairment of cardiac function. In vitro, Acsl6 overexpression partially attenuated ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and increased hypertrophic markers. Conclusively, Ascl6 is downregulated in ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse model and ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy cell model. Acsl6 overexpression could partially improve cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro, possibly through the regulation of HIF-1α/Hippo pathway.
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12
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Puthenveetil R, Gómez-Navarro N, Banerjee A. Access and utilization of long chain fatty acyl-CoA by zDHHC protein acyltransferases. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2022; 77:102463. [PMID: 36183446 PMCID: PMC9772126 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2022.102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
S-acylation is a reversible posttranslational modification, where a long-chain fatty acid is attached to a protein through a thioester linkage. Being the most abundant form of lipidation in humans, a family of twenty-three human zDHHC integral membrane enzymes catalyze this reaction. Previous structures of the apo and lipid bound zDHHCs shed light into the molecular details of the active site and binding pocket. Here, we delve further into the details of fatty acyl-CoA recognition by zDHHC acyltransferases using insights from the recent structure. We additionally review indirect evidence that suggests acyl-CoAs do not diffuse freely in the cytosol, but are channeled into specific pathways, and comment on the suggested mechanisms for fatty acyl-CoA compartmentalization and intracellular transport, to finally speculate about the potential mechanisms that underlie fatty acyl-CoA delivery to zDHHC enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbins Puthenveetil
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. https://twitter.com/RoVeetil
| | - Natalia Gómez-Navarro
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. https://twitter.com/NataliaGmez10
| | - Anirban Banerjee
- Section on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Neurosciences and Cellular and Structural Biology Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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13
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Flam E, Jang C, Murashige D, Yang Y, Morley MP, Jung S, Kantner DS, Pepper H, Bedi KC, Brandimarto J, Prosser BL, Cappola T, Snyder NW, Rabinowitz JD, Margulies KB, Arany Z. Integrated landscape of cardiac metabolism in end-stage human nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2022; 1:817-829. [PMID: 36776621 PMCID: PMC9910091 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-022-00117-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of mortality. Failing hearts undergo profound metabolic changes, but a comprehensive evaluation in humans is lacking. We integrate plasma and cardiac tissue metabolomics of 678 metabolites, genome-wide RNA-sequencing, and proteomic studies to examine metabolic status in 87 explanted human hearts from 39 patients with end-stage HF compared with 48 nonfailing donors. We confirm bioenergetic defects in human HF and reveal selective depletion of adenylate purines required for maintaining ATP levels. We observe substantial reductions in fatty acids and acylcarnitines in failing tissue, despite plasma elevations, suggesting defective import of fatty acids into cardiomyocytes. Glucose levels, in contrast, are elevated. Pyruvate dehydrogenase, which gates carbohydrate oxidation, is de-repressed, allowing increased lactate and pyruvate burning. Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates are significantly reduced. Finally, bioactive lipids are profoundly reprogrammed, with marked reductions in ceramides and elevations in lysoglycerophospholipids. These data unveil profound metabolic abnormalities in human failing hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Flam
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cholsoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Murashige
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yifan Yang
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael P. Morley
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunhee Jung
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Daniel S. Kantner
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hannah Pepper
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth C. Bedi
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeff Brandimarto
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Benjamin L. Prosser
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Physiology, Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Cappola
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nathaniel W. Snyder
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua D. Rabinowitz
- Department of Chemistry and Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kenneth B. Margulies
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zolt Arany
- Perelman School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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14
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Abstract
As a muscular pump that contracts incessantly throughout life, the heart must constantly generate cellular energy to support contractile function and fuel ionic pumps to maintain electrical homeostasis. Thus, mitochondrial metabolism of multiple metabolic substrates such as fatty acids, glucose, ketones, and lactate is essential to ensuring an uninterrupted supply of ATP. Multiple metabolic pathways converge to maintain myocardial energy homeostasis. The regulation of these cardiac metabolic pathways has been intensely studied for many decades. Rapid adaptation of these pathways is essential for mediating the myocardial adaptation to stress, and dysregulation of these pathways contributes to myocardial pathophysiology as occurs in heart failure and in metabolic disorders such as diabetes. The regulation of these pathways reflects the complex interactions of cell-specific regulatory pathways, neurohumoral signals, and changes in substrate availability in the circulation. Significant advances have been made in the ability to study metabolic regulation in the heart, and animal models have played a central role in contributing to this knowledge. This review will summarize metabolic pathways in the heart and describe their contribution to maintaining myocardial contractile function in health and disease. The review will summarize lessons learned from animal models with altered systemic metabolism and those in which specific metabolic regulatory pathways have been genetically altered within the heart. The relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of cardiac metabolism and the pathophysiology of heart failure and how these have been informed by animal models will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Bugger
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - Nikole J Byrne
- University Heart Center Graz, Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Austria (H.B., N.J.B.)
| | - E Dale Abel
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (E.D.A.)
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15
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The nuclear receptor ERR cooperates with the cardiogenic factor GATA4 to orchestrate cardiomyocyte maturation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1991. [PMID: 35418170 PMCID: PMC9008061 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptors (ERR) α and γ were shown recently to serve as regulators of cardiac maturation, yet the underlying mechanisms have not been delineated. Herein, we find that ERR signaling is necessary for induction of genes involved in mitochondrial and cardiac-specific contractile processes during human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte (hiPSC-CM) differentiation. Genomic interrogation studies demonstrate that ERRγ occupies many cardiomyocyte enhancers/super-enhancers, often co-localizing with the cardiogenic factor GATA4. ERRγ interacts with GATA4 to cooperatively activate transcription of targets involved in cardiomyocyte-specific processes such as contractile function, whereas ERRγ-mediated control of metabolic genes occurs independent of GATA4. Both mechanisms require the transcriptional coregulator PGC-1α. A disease-causing GATA4 mutation is shown to diminish PGC-1α/ERR/GATA4 cooperativity and expression of ERR target genes are downregulated in human heart failure samples suggesting that dysregulation of this circuitry may contribute to congenital and acquired forms of heart failure. Mature cardiac muscle requires high mitochondrial ATP production and specialized contractile proteins. Here the authors demonstrate that cardiomyocyte-specific contractile maturation involves cooperation between the nuclear receptor ERRγ and cardiogenic transcription factor GATA4, but ERRγ controls metabolic genes independently.
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16
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Exploring the Pattern of Metabolic Alterations Causing Energy Imbalance via PPARα Dysregulation in Cardiac Muscle During Doxorubicin Treatment. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:436-461. [PMID: 35157213 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity by anthracycline antineoplastic drug doxorubicin is one of the systemic toxicity of the cardiovascular system. The mechanism responsible for doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and lipid metabolism remains elusive. The current study tested the hypotheses that the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in the progress of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and its mechanism behind lipid metabolism. In the present study, male rats were subjected to intraperitoneal injection (5-week period) of doxorubicin with different dosages such as low dosage (1.5 mg/kg body weight) and high dosage (15 mg/kg body weight) to induce doxorubicin cardiomyopathy. Myocardial PPARα was impaired in both low dosage and high dosage of doxorubicin-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. The attenuated level of PPARα impairs the expression of the genes involved in mitochondrial transporter, fatty acid transportation, lipolysis, lipid metabolism, and fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, it disturbs the reverse triacylglycerol transporter apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB) in the myocardium. Doxorubicin elevates the circulatory lipid profile and glucose. Further aggravated lipid profile in circulation impedes the metabolism of lipid in cardiac tissue, which causes a lipotoxic condition in the heart and subsequently associated disease for the period of doxorubicin treatment. Elevated lipids in the circulation translocate into the heart dysregulates lipid metabolism in the heart, which causes augmented oxidative stress and necro-apoptosis and mediates lipotoxic conditions. This finding determines the mechanistic role of doxorubicin-disturbed lipid metabolism via PPARα, which leads to cardiac dysfunction.
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17
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Drake RR, Louey S, Thornburg KL. Intrauterine growth restriction elevates circulating acylcarnitines and suppresses fatty acid metabolism genes in the fetal sheep heart. J Physiol 2022; 600:655-670. [PMID: 34802149 PMCID: PMC9075772 DOI: 10.1113/jp281415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
At birth, the mammalian myocardium switches from using carbohydrates as the primary energy substrate to free fatty acids as the primary fuel. Thus, a compromised switch could jeopardize normal heart function in the neonate. Placental embolization in sheep is a reliable model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It leads to suppression of both proliferation and terminal differentiation of cardiomyocytes. We hypothesized that the expression of genes regulating cardiac fatty acid metabolism would be similarly suppressed in IUGR, leading to compromised processing of lipids. Following 10 days of umbilicoplacental embolization in fetal sheep, IUGR fetuses had elevated circulating long-chain fatty acylcarnitines compared with controls (C14: CTRL 0.012 ± 0.005 nmol/ml vs. IUGR 0.018 ± 0.005 nmol/ml, P < 0.05; C18: CTRL 0.027 ± 0.009 nmol/mol vs. IUGR 0.043 ± 0.024 nmol/mol, P < 0.05, n = 12 control, n = 12 IUGR) indicative of impaired fatty acid metabolism. Uptake studies using fluorescently tagged BODIPY-C12-saturated free fatty acid in live, isolated cardiomyocytes showed lipid droplet area and number were not different between control and IUGR cells. mRNA levels of sarcolemmal fatty acid transporters (CD36, FATP6), acylation enzymes (ACSL1, ACSL3), mitochondrial transporter (CPT1), β-oxidation enzymes (LCAD, HADH, ACAT1), tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme (IDH), esterification enzymes (PAP, DGAT) and regulator of the lipid droplet formation (BSCL2) gene were all suppressed in IUGR myocardium (P < 0.05). However, protein levels for these regulatory genes were not different between groups. This discordance between mRNA and protein levels in the stressed myocardium suggests an adaptive protection of key myocardial enzymes under conditions of placental insufficiency. KEY POINTS: The fetal heart relies on carbohydrates in utero and must be prepared to metabolize fatty acids after birth but the effects of compromised fetal growth on the maturation of this metabolic system are unknown. Plasma fatty acylcarnitines are elevated in intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetuses compared with control fetuses, indicative of impaired fatty acid metabolism in fetal organs. Fatty acid uptake and storage are not different in IUGR cardiomyocytes compared with controls. mRNA levels of genes regulating fatty acid transporter and metabolic enzymes are suppressed in the IUGR myocardium compared with controls, while protein levels remain unchanged. Mismatches in gene and protein expression, and increased circulating fatty acylcarnitines may have long-term implications for offspring heart metabolism and adult health in IUGR individuals. This requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel R. Drake
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Kent L. Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Knight Cardiovascular Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA,Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
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18
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Calorie restriction changes lipidomic profiles and maintains mitochondrial function and redox balance during isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:283-294. [PMID: 35023023 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00863-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Typically, healthy cardiac tissue utilizes more fat than any other organ. Cardiac hypertrophy induces a metabolic shift leading to a preferential consumption of glucose over fatty acids to support the high energetic demand. Calorie restriction is a dietary procedure that induces health benefits and lifespan extension in many organisms. Given the beneficial effects of calorie restriction, we hypothesized that calorie restriction prevents cardiac hypertrophy, lipid content changes, mitochondrial and redox dysregulation. Strikingly, calorie restriction reversed isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Isolated mitochondria from hypertrophic hearts produced significantly higher levels of succinate-driven H2O2 production, which was blocked by calorie restriction. Cardiac hypertrophy lowered mitochondrial respiratory control ratios, and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase levels. These effects were also prevented by calorie restriction. We performed lipidomic profiling to gain insights into how calorie restriction could interfere with the metabolic changes induced by cardiac hypertrophy. Calorie restriction protected against the consumption of several triglycerides (TGs) linked to unsaturated fatty acids. Also, this dietary procedure protected against the accumulation of TGs containing saturated fatty acids observed in hypertrophic samples. Cardiac hypertrophy induced an increase in ceramides, phosphoethanolamines, and acylcarnitines (12:0, 14:0, 16:0, and 18:0). These were all reversed by calorie restriction. Altogether, our data demonstrate that hypertrophy changes the cardiac lipidome, causes mitochondrial disturbances, and oxidative stress. These changes are prevented (at least partially) by calorie restriction intervention in vivo. This study uncovers the potential for calorie restriction to become a new therapeutic intervention against cardiac hypertrophy, and mechanisms in which it acts.
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19
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Misheva M, Kotzamanis K, Davies LC, Tyrrell VJ, Rodrigues PRS, Benavides GA, Hinz C, Murphy RC, Kennedy P, Taylor PR, Rosas M, Jones SA, McLaren JE, Deshpande S, Andrews R, Schebb NH, Czubala MA, Gurney M, Aldrovandi M, Meckelmann SW, Ghazal P, Darley-Usmar V, White DA, O'Donnell VB. Oxylipin metabolism is controlled by mitochondrial β-oxidation during bacterial inflammation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:139. [PMID: 35013270 PMCID: PMC8748967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27766-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxylipins are potent biological mediators requiring strict control, but how they are removed en masse during infection and inflammation is unknown. Here we show that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) dynamically enhances oxylipin removal via mitochondrial β-oxidation. Specifically, genetic or pharmacological targeting of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1), a mitochondrial importer of fatty acids, reveal that many oxylipins are removed by this protein during inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Using stable isotope-tracing lipidomics, we find secretion-reuptake recycling for 12-HETE and its intermediate metabolites. Meanwhile, oxylipin β-oxidation is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation, thus not contributing to energy generation. Testing for genetic control checkpoints, transcriptional interrogation of human neonatal sepsis finds upregulation of many genes involved in mitochondrial removal of long-chain fatty acyls, such as ACSL1,3,4, ACADVL, CPT1B, CPT2 and HADHB. Also, ACSL1/Acsl1 upregulation is consistently observed following the treatment of human/murine macrophages with LPS and IFN-γ. Last, dampening oxylipin levels by β-oxidation is suggested to impact on their regulation of leukocyte functions. In summary, we propose mitochondrial β-oxidation as a regulatory metabolic checkpoint for oxylipins during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Misheva
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Konstantinos Kotzamanis
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Luke C Davies
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Victoria J Tyrrell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Patricia R S Rodrigues
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gloria A Benavides
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Christine Hinz
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Paul Kennedy
- Cayman Chemical, 1180 E Ellsworth Rd, Ann Arbor, MI, 48108, USA
| | - Philip R Taylor
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at Cardiff, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marcela Rosas
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Simon A Jones
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - James E McLaren
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sumukh Deshpande
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Robert Andrews
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Nils Helge Schebb
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gausstraße 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Magdalena A Czubala
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mark Gurney
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Maceler Aldrovandi
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Peter Ghazal
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK
| | - Victor Darley-Usmar
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Daniel A White
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, and School of Medicine, Cardiff University, CF14 4XN, Cardiff, UK.
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20
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Kato A, Ito M, Sanaki T, Okuda T, Tsuchiya N, Yoshimoto R, Yukioka H. Acsl1 is essential for skin barrier function through the activation of linoleic acid and biosynthesis of ω-O-acylceramide in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159085. [PMID: 34813948 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The long-chain acyl-CoA synthase1 (Acsl1) is a major enzyme that converts long-chain fatty acids to acyl-CoAs. The role of Acsl1 in energy metabolism has been elucidated in the adipose tissue, heart, and skeletal muscle. Here, we demonstrate that systemic deficiency of Acsl1 caused severe skin barrier defects, leading to embryonic lethality. Acsl1 mRNA and protein are expressed in the Acsl1+/+ epidermis, which are absent in Acsl1-/- mice. In Acsl1-/- mice, epidermal ceramide [EOS] (Cer[EOS]) containing ω-O-esterified linoleic acid, a lipid essential for the skin barrier, was significantly reduced. Conversely, ω-hydroxy ceramide (Cer[OS]), a precursor of Cer[EOS], was increased. Moreover, the levels of triglyceride (TG) species containing linoleic acids were lower in Acsl1-/- mice, whereas those not containing linoleic acid were comparable to Acsl1+/+ mice. As TG is considered to work as a reservoir of linoleic acid for the biosynthesis of Cer[EOS] from Cer[OS], our results suggest that Acsl1 plays an essential role in ω-O-acylceramide synthesis by providing linoleic acid for ω-O-esterification. Therefore, our findings identified a new biological role of Acsl1 as a regulator of the skin barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Kato
- Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan.
| | - Mana Ito
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Takao Sanaki
- Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Okuda
- Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Noriko Tsuchiya
- Project Management Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 8F (Reception) / 9F, Nissay Yodoyabashi East, 3-13, Imabashi 3-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0042, Japan; Research Planning Department, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshimoto
- Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Hideo Yukioka
- Laboratory for Innovative Therapy Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd, 3-1-1 Futaba-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
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21
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Maréchal L, Sicotte B, Caron V, Brochu M, Tremblay A. Fetal Cardiac Lipid Sensing Triggers an Early and Sex-related Metabolic Energy Switch in Intrauterine Growth Restriction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3295-3311. [PMID: 34245263 PMCID: PMC8530737 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an immediate outcome of an adverse womb environment, exposing newborns to developing cardiometabolic disorders later in life. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the cardiac metabolic consequences and underlying mechanism of energy expenditure in developing fetuses under conditions of IUGR. METHODS Using an animal model of IUGR characterized by uteroplacental vascular insufficiency, mitochondrial function, gene profiling, lipidomic analysis, and transcriptional assay were determined in fetal cardiac tissue and cardiomyocytes. RESULTS IUGR fetuses exhibited an upregulation of key genes associated with fatty acid breakdown and β-oxidation (Acadvl, Acadl, Acaa2), and mitochondrial carnitine shuttle (Cpt1a, Cpt2), instigating a metabolic gene reprogramming in the heart. Induction of Ech1, Acox1, Acox3, Acsl1, and Pex11a indicated a coordinated interplay with peroxisomal β-oxidation and biogenesis mainly observed in females, suggesting sexual dimorphism in peroxisomal activation. Concurring with the sex-related changes, mitochondrial respiration rates were stronger in IUGR female fetal cardiomyocytes, accounting for enhanced adenosine 5'-triphosphate production. Mitochondrial biogenesis was induced in fetal hearts with elevated expression of Ppargc1a transcript specifically in IUGR females. Lipidomic analysis identified the accumulation of arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic polyunsaturated long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) in IUGR fetal hearts, which leads to nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) transcriptional activation in cardiomyocytes. Also, the enrichment of H3K27ac chromatin marks to PPARα-responsive metabolic genes in IUGR fetal hearts outlines an epigenetic control in the early metabolic energy switch. CONCLUSION This study describes a premature and sex-related remodeling of cardiac metabolism in response to an unfavorable intrauterine environment, with specific LCFAs that may serve as predictive effectors leading to IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïze Maréchal
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Benoit Sicotte
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Véronique Caron
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Michèle Brochu
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - André Tremblay
- Research Center, CHU Ste-Justine, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec J2S 2M2, Canada
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22
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Song Q, Wang Z, Zhang H, Li X, Zhang Y, Xu Q, Chang G, Zhang H, Chen G. Single nucleotide polymorphism scanning and expression analysis of ACSL1 from different duck breeds. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2020-0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating studies have indicated that the long-chain fatty acyl-CoA1 (ACSL1) gene is related to fat deposition and meat quality in mammals. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between ACSL1 and lipid deposition in ducks. To examine this, we assessed the physicochemical property, homologous alignment, and phylogenetic analyses of the ACSL1 amino acid sequence using bioinformatics tools. The analysis indicated that the ACSL1 amino acid sequence varies in animals, and the duck ACSL1 protein is most closely related to that of chicken. Two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites were identified at 1749 and 1905 bp of the coding region of ACSL1 by sequencing. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to measure mRNA and protein levels in abdominal fat, breast muscle, and liver tissue of Pekin duck (BD) and Cherry Valley duck (CD). mRNA and protein expression were significantly higher in BD than in CD in abdominal fat and liver tissue (P < 0.05). In breast muscle, the mRNA level of ACSL1 was also significantly higher in BD than in CD (P < 0.05), and protein expression in BD tended to be higher than that of CD. These results suggest that ACSL1 may contribute to lipid deposition and meat quality in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixiu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Bureau of Agriculture and Rural of the Lhasa, Lhasa 850000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiangxiang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guobin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Molecular Design of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Vásquez-Trincado C, Patel M, Sivaramakrishnan A, Bekeová C, Anderson-Pullinger L, Wang N, Tang HY, Seifert EL. Adaptation of the heart to Frataxin depletion: Evidence that integrated stress response can predominate over mTORC1 activation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 33:ddab216. [PMID: 34550363 PMCID: PMC11000666 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) is an inherited disorder caused by depletion of frataxin (FXN), a mitochondrial protein required for iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) biogenesis. Cardiac dysfunction is the main cause of death. Yet pathogenesis, and, more generally, how the heart adapts to FXN loss, remain poorly understood, though are expected to be linked to an energy deficit. We modified a transgenic (TG) mouse model of inducible FXN depletion that permits phenotypic evaluation of the heart at different FXN levels, and focused on substrate-specific bioenergetics and stress signaling. When FXN protein in the TG heart was 17% of normal, bioenergetics and signaling were not different from control. When, 8 weeks later, FXN was ~ 97% depleted in the heart, TG heart mass and cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area were less, without evidence of fibrosis or apoptosis. mTORC1 signaling was activated, as was the integrated stress response, evidenced by greater phosphorylation of eIF2α relative to total eIF2α, and decreased protein translation. We interpret these results to suggest that, in TG hearts, an anabolic stimulus was constrained by eIF2α phosphorylation. Cardiac contractility was maintained in the 97%-FXN-depleted hearts, possibly contributed by an unexpected preservation of β-oxidation, though pyruvate oxidation was lower. Bioenergetics alterations were matched by changes in the mitochondrial proteome, including a non-uniform decrease in abundance of ISC-containing proteins. Altogether, these findings suggest that the FXN depleted heart can suppress a major ATP demanding process such as protein translation, which, together with some preservation of β-oxidation, could be adaptive, at least in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Vásquez-Trincado
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Monika Patel
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Aishwarya Sivaramakrishnan
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Carmen Bekeová
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Lauren Anderson-Pullinger
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Nadan Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Erin L Seifert
- MitoCare Center for Mitochondrial Imaging Research and Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
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24
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Matos-Nieves A, Manivannan S, Majumdar U, McBride KL, White P, Garg V. A Multi-Omics Approach Using a Mouse Model of Cardiac Malformations for Prioritization of Human Congenital Heart Disease Contributing Genes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:683074. [PMID: 34504875 PMCID: PMC8421733 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.683074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common type of birth defect, affecting ~1% of all live births. Malformations of the cardiac outflow tract (OFT) account for ~30% of all CHD and include a range of CHDs from bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) to tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). We hypothesized that transcriptomic profiling of a mouse model of CHD would highlight disease-contributing genes implicated in congenital cardiac malformations in humans. To test this hypothesis, we utilized global transcriptional profiling differences from a mouse model of OFT malformations to prioritize damaging, de novo variants identified from exome sequencing datasets from published cohorts of CHD patients. Notch1+/−; Nos3−/− mice display a spectrum of cardiac OFT malformations ranging from BAV, semilunar valve (SLV) stenosis to TOF. Global transcriptional profiling of the E13.5 Notch1+/−; Nos3−/− mutant mouse OFTs and wildtype controls was performed by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Analysis of the RNA-Seq dataset demonstrated genes belonging to the Hif1α, Tgf-β, Hippo, and Wnt signaling pathways were differentially expressed in the mutant OFT. Mouse to human comparative analysis was then performed to determine if patients with TOF and SLV stenosis display an increased burden of damaging, genetic variants in gene homologs that were dysregulated in Notch1+/−; Nos3−/− OFT. We found an enrichment of de novo variants in the TOF population among the 1,352 significantly differentially expressed genes in Notch1+/−; Nos3−/− mouse OFT but not the SLV population. This association was not significant when comparing only highly expressed genes in the murine OFT to de novo variants in the TOF population. These results suggest that transcriptomic datasets generated from the appropriate temporal, anatomic and cellular tissues from murine models of CHD may provide a novel approach for the prioritization of disease-contributing genes in patients with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Matos-Nieves
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sathiyanarayanan Manivannan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Uddalak Majumdar
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kim L McBride
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Peter White
- Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Vidu Garg
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.,Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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25
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Cheng N, Mo Q, Donelson J, Wang L, Breton G, Rodney GG, Wang J, Hirschi KD, Wehrens XHT, Nakata PA. Crucial Role of Mammalian Glutaredoxin 3 in Cardiac Energy Metabolism in Diet-induced Obese Mice Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2871-2883. [PMID: 34345213 PMCID: PMC8326124 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.60263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is often associated with metabolic dysregulation and oxidative stress with the latter serving as a possible unifying link between obesity and cardiovascular complications. Glutaredoxins (Grxs) comprise one of the major antioxidant systems in the heart. Although Grx3 has been shown to act as an endogenous negative regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, its metabolic impact on cardiac function in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice remains largely unknown. In the present study, analysis of Grx3 expression indicated that Grx3 protein levels, but not mRNA levels, were significantly increased in the hearts of DIO mice. Cardiac-specific Grx3 deletion (Grx3 CKO) mice were viable and grew indistinguishably from their littermates after being fed a high fat diet (HFD) for one month, starting at 2 months of age. After being fed with a HFD for 8 months (starting at 2 months of age); however, Grx3 CKO DIO mice displayed left ventricular systolic dysfunction with a significant decrease in ejection fraction and fractional shortening that was associated with heart failure. ROS production was significantly increased in Grx3 CKO DIO cardiomyocytes compared to control cells. Gene expression analysis revealed a significant decline in the level of transcripts corresponding to genes associated with processes such as fatty acid uptake, mitochondrial fatty acid transport and oxidation, and citrate cycle in Grx3 CKO DIO mice compared to DIO controls. In contrast, an increase in the level of transcripts corresponding to genes associated with glucose uptake and utilization were found in Grx3 CKO DIO mice compared to DIO controls. Taken together, these findings indicate that Grx3 may play a critical role in redox balance and as a metabolic switch in cardiomyocytes contributing to the development and progression of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninghui Cheng
- USDA/ARS Children Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Qianxing Mo
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jimmonique Donelson
- USDA/ARS Children Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Lingfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ghislain Breton
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - George G Rodney
- Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kendal D Hirschi
- USDA/ARS Children Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- USDA/ARS Children Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Paul A Nakata
- USDA/ARS Children Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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26
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Damen FW, Salvas JP, Pereyra AS, Ellis JM, Goergen CJ. Improving characterization of hypertrophy-induced murine cardiac dysfunction using four-dimensional ultrasound-derived strain mapping. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H197-H207. [PMID: 34085843 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00133.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mouse models of cardiac disease have become essential tools in the study of pathological mechanisms, but the small size of rodents makes it challenging to quantify heart function with noninvasive imaging. Building off recent developments in high-frequency four-dimensional ultrasound (4DUS) imaging, we have applied this technology to study cardiac dysfunction progression in a murine model of metabolic cardiomyopathy. Cardiac knockout of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (Cpt2M-/-) in mice hinders cardiomyocyte bioenergetic metabolism of long-chain fatty acids, and leads to progressive cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The proposed analysis provides a standardized approach to measure localized wall kinematics and simultaneously extracts metrics of global cardiac function, LV morphometry, regional circumferential strain, and regional longitudinal strain from an interpolated 4-D mesh of the endo- and epicardial boundaries. Comparison of metric changes due to aging suggests that circumferential strain at the base and longitudinal strain along the posterior wall are most sensitive to disease progression. We further introduce a novel hybrid strain index (HSI) that incorporates information from these two regions and may have greater utility to characterize disease progression relative to other extracted metrics. Potential applications to additional disease models are discussed that could further demonstrate the utility of metrics derived from 4DUS imaging and strain mapping.NEW & NOTEWORTHY High-frequency four-dimensional ultrasound can be used in conjunction with standardized analysis procedures to simultaneously extract left-ventricular global function, morphometry, and regional strain metrics. Furthermore, a novel hybrid strain index (HSI) formula demonstrates greater performance compared with all other metrics in characterizing disease progression in a model of metabolic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick W Damen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - John P Salvas
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Andrea S Pereyra
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Ellis
- Department of Physiology, East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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27
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Pereyra AS, Harris KL, Soepriatna AH, Waterbury QA, Bharathi SS, Zhang Y, Fisher-Wellman KH, Goergen CJ, Goetzman ES, Ellis JM. Octanoate is differentially metabolized in liver and muscle and fails to rescue cardiomyopathy in CPT2 deficiency. J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100069. [PMID: 33757734 PMCID: PMC8082564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acid oxidation is frequently impaired in primary and systemic metabolic diseases affecting the heart; thus, therapeutically increasing reliance on normally minor energetic substrates, such as ketones and medium-chain fatty acids, could benefit cardiac health. However, the molecular fundamentals of this therapy are not fully known. Here, we explored the ability of octanoate, an eight-carbon medium-chain fatty acid known as an unregulated mitochondrial energetic substrate, to ameliorate cardiac hypertrophy in long-chain fatty acid oxidation-deficient hearts because of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 deletion (Cpt2M-/-). CPT2 converts acylcarnitines to acyl-CoAs in the mitochondrial matrix for oxidative bioenergetic metabolism. In Cpt2M-/- mice, high octanoate-ketogenic diet failed to alleviate myocardial hypertrophy, dysfunction, and acylcarnitine accumulation suggesting that this alternative substrate is not sufficiently compensatory for energy provision. Aligning this outcome, we identified a major metabolic distinction between muscles and liver, wherein heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria were unable to oxidize free octanoate, but liver was able to oxidize free octanoate. Liver mitochondria, but not heart or muscle, highly expressed medium-chain acyl-CoA synthetases, potentially enabling octanoate activation for oxidation and circumventing acylcarnitine shuttling. Conversely, octanoylcarnitine was oxidized by liver, skeletal muscle, and heart, with rates in heart 4-fold greater than liver and, in muscles, was not dependent upon CPT2. Together, these data suggest that dietary octanoate cannot rescue CPT2-deficient cardiac disease. These data also suggest the existence of tissue-specific mechanisms for octanoate oxidative metabolism, with liver being independent of free carnitine availability, whereas cardiac and skeletal muscles depend on carnitine but not on CPT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Pereyra
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Department of Physiology, and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Kate L Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Arvin H Soepriatna
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Quin A Waterbury
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Sivakama S Bharathi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yuxun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Department of Physiology, and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Eric S Goetzman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica M Ellis
- Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Department of Physiology, and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, Greenville, NC, USA.
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28
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Ma Y, Zha J, Yang X, Li Q, Zhang Q, Yin A, Beharry Z, Huang H, Huang J, Bartlett M, Ye K, Yin H, Cai H. Long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase 1 promotes prostate cancer progression by elevation of lipogenesis and fatty acid beta-oxidation. Oncogene 2021; 40:1806-1820. [PMID: 33564069 PMCID: PMC8842993 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid metabolism is essential for the biogenesis of cellular components and ATP production to sustain proliferation of cancer cells. Long-chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSLs), a group of rate-limiting enzymes in fatty acid metabolism, catalyze the bioconversion of exogenous or de novo synthesized fatty acids to their corresponding fatty acyl-CoAs. In this study, systematical analysis of ACSLs levels and the amount of fatty acyl-CoAs illustrated that ACSL1 were significantly associated with the levels of a broad spectrum of fatty acyl-CoAs, and were elevated in human prostate tumors. ACSL1 increased the biosynthesis of fatty acyl-CoAs including C16:0-, C18:0-, C18:1-, and C18:2-CoA, triglycerides and lipid accumulation in cancer cells. Mechanistically, ACSL1 modulated mitochondrial respiration, β-oxidation, and ATP production through regulation of CPT1 activity. Knockdown of ACSL1 inhibited the cell cycle, and suppressed the proliferation and migration of prostate cancer cells in vitro, and growth of prostate xenograft tumors in vivo. Our study implicates ACSL1 as playing an important role in prostate tumor progression, and provides a therapeutic strategy of targeting fatty acid metabolism for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Junyi Zha
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - XiangKun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Qianjin Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Qingfu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Amelia Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Zanna Beharry
- Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of the Virgin Islands, St. Thomas, VI 00802
| | - Hanwen Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Jiaoti Huang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, 27710
| | - Michael Bartlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Kaixiong Ye
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,Institute of Bioinformatics University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Hang Yin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Houjian Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,Correspondence to: Houjian Cai, Ph.D, Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Room 418, Pharmacy South, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Athens, GA 30602, Office: 706-542-1079, FAX: 706-542-5358,
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29
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Miranda-Silva D, Lima T, Rodrigues P, Leite-Moreira A, Falcão-Pires I. Mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the tip of the iceberg. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 26:453-478. [PMID: 33411091 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-10042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multifaceted syndrome with a complex aetiology often associated with several comorbidities, such as left ventricle pressure overload, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and kidney disease. Its pathophysiology remains obscure mainly due to the complex phenotype induced by all these associated comorbidities and to the scarcity of animal models that adequately mimic HFpEF. Increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction are currently accepted as key players in HFpEF pathophysiology. However, we have just started to unveil HFpEF complexity and the role of calcium handling, energetic metabolism, and mitochondrial function remain to clarify. Indeed, the enlightenment of such cellular and molecular mechanisms represents an opportunity to develop novel therapeutic approaches and thus to improve HFpEF treatment options. In the last decades, the number of research groups dedicated to studying HFpEF has increased, denoting the importance and the magnitude achieved by this syndrome. In the current technological and web world, the amount of information is overwhelming, driving us not only to compile the most relevant information about the theme but also to explore beyond the tip of the iceberg. Thus, this review aims to encompass the most recent knowledge related to HFpEF or HFpEF-associated comorbidities, focusing mainly on myocardial metabolism, oxidative stress, and energetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Miranda-Silva
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Lima
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Falcão-Pires
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Soares R, Vargas G, Muniz M, Soares M, Cánovas A, Schenkel F, Squires E. Differential gene expression in dairy cows under negative energy balance and ketosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:602-615. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Bosch M, Parton RG, Pol A. Lipid droplets, bioenergetic fluxes, and metabolic flexibility. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 108:33-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Zhao Z, Abbas Raza SH, Tian H, Shi B, Luo Y, Wang J, Liu X, Li S, Bai Y, Hu J. Effects of overexpression of ACSL1 gene on the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes of bovine. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 695:108648. [PMID: 33098867 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There exists a positive correlation between the unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) content in the bovine species and their taste and nutritional significance. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is known to be involved in lipid synthesis as well as fatty acid transport and degradation. This gene has been identified as the key candidate gene for regulating lipid composition in the bovine skeletal muscle; however, its mechanism of action in regulating UFA synthesis in bovine adipocytes is unclear. In this study, we used a recombinant adenovirus vector (Ad-ACSL1) to overexpress the ACSL1 gene using Ad-NC (recombinant adenovirus of green fluorescent protein) as the control. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was done to examine the gene expression associated with the synthesis of UFA, followed by the analysis of the fatty acid composition. Oil red O staining was done to examine the aggregation of lipid droplets. We found that ACSL1 overexpression was associated with an upregulated expression of PPARγ, FABP3, ACLY, SCD1, and FASN, and downregulated expression of CPT1A. Additionally, ACSL1 overexpression resulted in elevated saturated fatty acid content, especially C16:0 and C18:0, than the control group (Ad-NC cells) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the overexpression of ACSL1 enhanced the proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), decreased the proportion of C22:4, and significantly upregulated polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. These results were supported by oil red O staining, which revealed an increase in the lipid droplets in bovine adipocytes after the overexpression of the ACSL1 gene. Thus, the results of this study indicated that ACSL1 positively regulated PUFA synthesis in bovine adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Hongshan Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Bingang Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Yuzhu Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jiqing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Shaobin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Yanbin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Jiang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology & Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal BiotechnologyGansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
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Ren G, Bhatnagar S, Hahn DJ, Kim JA. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase-1 mediates the palmitic acid-induced inflammatory response in human aortic endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E893-E903. [PMID: 32954825 PMCID: PMC7790120 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00117.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Saturated fatty acid (SFA) induces proinflammatory response through a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated mechanism, which is associated with cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity, insulin resistance, and endothelial dysfunction. Consistent with this notion, TLR2 or TLR4 knockout mice are protected from obesity-induced proinflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction. Although SFA causes endothelial dysfunction through TLR-mediated signaling pathways, the mechanisms underlying SFA-stimulated inflammatory response are not completely understood. To understand the proinflammatory response in vascular endothelial cells in high-lipid conditions, we compared the proinflammatory responses stimulated by palmitic acid (PA) and other canonical TLR agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Pam3-Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3CSK4), or macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2)] in human aortic endothelial cells. The expression profiles of E-selectin and the signal transduction pathways stimulated by PA were distinct from those stimulated by canonical TLR agonists. Inhibition of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) by a pharmacological inhibitor or knockdown of ACSL1 blunted the PA-stimulated, but not the LPS- or Pam3CSK4-stimulated proinflammatory responses. Furthermore, triacsin C restored the insulin-stimulated vasodilation, which was impaired by PA. From the results, we concluded that PA stimulates the proinflammatory response in the vascular endothelium through an ACSL1-mediated mechanism, which is distinct from LPS- or Pam3CSK4-stimulated responses. The results suggest that endothelial dysfunction caused by PA may require to undergo intracellular metabolism. This expands the understanding of the mechanisms by which TLRs mediate inflammatory responses in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sushant Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | - Jeong-A Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
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Fernandez RF, Ellis JM. Acyl-CoA synthetases as regulators of brain phospholipid acyl-chain diversity. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2020; 161:102175. [PMID: 33031993 PMCID: PMC8693597 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2020.102175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Each individual cell-type is defined by its distinct morphology, phenotype, molecular and lipidomic profile. The importance of maintaining cell-specific lipidomic profiles is exemplified by the numerous diseases, disorders, and dysfunctional outcomes that occur as a direct result of altered lipidome. Therefore, the mechanisms regulating cellular lipidome diversity play a role in maintaining essential biological functions. The brain is an organ particularly rich in phospholipids, the main constituents of cellular membranes. The phospholipid acyl-chain profile of membranes in the brain is rather diverse due in part to the high degree of cellular heterogeneity. These membranes and the acyl-chain composition of their phospholipids are highly regulated, but the mechanisms that confer this tight regulation are incompletely understood. A family of enzymes called acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSs) stands at a pinnacle step allowing influence over cellular acyl-chain selection and subsequent metabolic flux. ACSs perform the initial reaction for cellular fatty acid metabolism by ligating a Coenzyme A to a fatty acid which both traps a fatty acid within a cell and activates it for metabolism. The ACS family of enzymes is large and diverse consisting of 25-26 family members that are nonredundant, each with unique distribution across and within cell types, and differential fatty acid substrate preferences. Thus, ACSs confer a critical intracellular fatty acid selecting step in a cell-type dependent manner providing acyl-CoA moieties that serve as essential precursors for phospholipid synthesis and remodeling, and therefore serve as a key regulator of cellular membrane acyl-chain compositional diversity. Here we will discuss how the contribution of individual ACSs towards brain lipid metabolism has only just begun to be elucidated and discuss the possibilities for how ACSs may differentially regulate brain lipidomic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina F Fernandez
- Department of Physiology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, NC, United States
| | - Jessica M Ellis
- Department of Physiology and East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, NC, United States.
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35
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Cibi DM, Bi-Lin KW, Shekeran SG, Sandireddy R, Tee N, Singh A, Wu Y, Srinivasan DK, Kovalik JP, Ghosh S, Seale P, Singh MK. Prdm16 Deficiency Leads to Age-Dependent Cardiac Hypertrophy, Adverse Remodeling, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Heart Failure. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108288. [PMID: 33086060 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Although hypertrophy is traditionally regarded as an adaptive response to physiological or pathological stress, prolonged hypertrophy can lead to heart failure. Here we demonstrate that Prdm16 is dispensable for cardiac development. However, it is required in the adult heart to preserve mitochondrial function and inhibit hypertrophy with advanced age. Cardiac-specific deletion of Prdm16 results in cardiac hypertrophy, excessive ventricular fibrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired metabolic flexibility, leading to heart failure. We demonstrate that Prdm16 and euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase factors (Ehmts) act together to reduce expression of fetal genes reactivated in pathological hypertrophy by inhibiting the functions of the pro-hypertrophic transcription factor Myc. Although young Prdm16 knockout mice show normal cardiac function, they are predisposed to develop heart failure in response to metabolic stress. Our study demonstrates that Prdm16 protects the heart against age-dependent cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasan Mary Cibi
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Kathleen Wung Bi-Lin
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Shamini Guna Shekeran
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Reddemma Sandireddy
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Nicole Tee
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore 169609
| | - Anamika Singh
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Yajun Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594
| | - Dinesh Kumar Srinivasan
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594
| | - Jean-Paul Kovalik
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857
| | - Patrick Seale
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Manvendra K Singh
- Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857; National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore 169609.
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36
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Nguyen TD, Schulze PC. Lipid in the midst of metabolic remodeling - Therapeutic implications for the failing heart. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:120-132. [PMID: 32791076 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A healthy heart relies on an intact cardiac lipid metabolism. Fatty acids represent the major source for ATP production in the heart. Not less importantly, lipids are directly involved in critical processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and cell death by functioning as building blocks or signaling molecules. In the development of heart failure, perturbations in fatty acid utilization impair cardiac energetics. Furthermore, they may affect glucose and amino acid metabolism and induce the synthesis of several lipid intermediates, whose biological functions are still poorly understood. This work outlines the pivotal role of lipid metabolism in the heart and provides a lipocentric view of metabolic remodeling in heart failure. We will also critically revisit therapeutic attempts targeting cardiac lipid metabolism in heart failure and propose specific strategies for future investigations in this regard.
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37
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Jung YH, Bu SY. Suppression of long chain acyl-CoA synthetase blocks intracellular fatty acid flux and glucose uptake in skeletal myotubes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158678. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Banerjee D, Datta Chaudhuri R, Niyogi S, Roy Chowdhuri S, Poddar Sarkar M, Chatterjee R, Chakrabarti P, Sarkar S. Metabolic impairment in response to early induction of C/EBPβ leads to compromised cardiac function during pathological hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 139:148-163. [PMID: 31958467 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy in heart is preceded by a metabolic perturbation that prefers glucose over lipid as substrate for energy requirement. Here, we establish C/EBPβ (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β) as an early marker of the metabolic derangement that triggers the imbalance in fatty acid (FA) oxidation and glucose uptake with increased lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes during pathological hypertrophy, leading to contractile dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This is the first study that shows that myocardium-targeted C/EBPβ knockdown prevents the impaired cardiac function during cardiac hypertrophy led by maladaptive metabolic response with persistent hypertrophic stimuli, whereas its targeted overexpression in control increases lipid accumulation significantly compared to control hearts. A new observation from this study was the dual and opposite transcriptional regulation of the alpha and gamma isoforms of Peroxisomal proliferator activated receptors (PPARα and PPARγ) by C/EBPβ in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes. Before the functional and structural remodeling sets in the diseased myocardium, C/EBPβ aggravates lipid accumulation with the aid of the increased FA uptake involving induced PPARγ expression and decreased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) by suppressing PPARα expression. Glucose uptake into cardiomyocytes was greatly increased by C/EBPβ via PPARα suppression. The activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) during increased workload in presence of glucose as the only substrate was prevented by C/EBPβ knockdown, thereby abating contractile dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. Our study thus suggests that C/EBPβ may be considered as a novel cellular marker for deranged metabolic milieu before the heart pathologically remodels itself during hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durba Banerjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Ratul Datta Chaudhuri
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Sougata Niyogi
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumedha Roy Chowdhuri
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Mousumi Poddar Sarkar
- Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India
| | - Raghunath Chatterjee
- Human Genetics Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B T Road, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Partha Chakrabarti
- Division of Cell Biology and Physiology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sagartirtha Sarkar
- Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India.
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Kovilakath A, Jamil M, Cowart LA. Sphingolipids in the Heart: From Cradle to Grave. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:652. [PMID: 33042014 PMCID: PMC7522163 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and this has largely been driven by the increase in metabolic disease in recent decades. Metabolic disease alters metabolism, distribution, and profiles of sphingolipids in multiple organs and tissues; as such, sphingolipid metabolism and signaling have been vigorously studied as contributors to metabolic pathophysiology in various pathological outcomes of obesity, including cardiovascular disease. Much experimental evidence suggests that targeting sphingolipid metabolism may be advantageous in the context of cardiometabolic disease. The heart, however, is a structurally and functionally complex organ where bioactive sphingolipids have been shown not only to mediate pathological processes, but also to contribute to essential functions in cardiogenesis and cardiac function. Additionally, some sphingolipids are protective in the context of ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition to mechanistic contributions, untargeted lipidomics approaches used in recent years have identified some specific circulating sphingolipids as novel biomarkers in the context of cardiovascular disease. In this review, we summarize recent literature on both deleterious and beneficial contributions of sphingolipids to cardiogenesis and myocardial function as well as recent identification of novel sphingolipid biomarkers for cardiovascular disease risk prediction and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kovilakath
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Maryam Jamil
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lauren Ashley Cowart
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Hunter Holmes McGuire Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, United States
- *Correspondence: Lauren Ashley Cowart
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40
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Sun Y, Fan W, Xue R, Dong B, Liang Z, Chen C, Li J, Wang Y, Zhao J, Huang H, Jiang J, Wu Z, Dai G, Fang R, Yan Y, Yang T, Huang ZP, Dong Y, Liu C. Transcribed Ultraconserved Regions, Uc.323, Ameliorates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Regulating the Transcription of CPT1b (Carnitine Palmitoyl transferase 1b). Hypertension 2019; 75:79-90. [PMID: 31735087 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transcribed ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) are a novel class of long noncoding RNAs transcribed from UCRs, which exhibit 100% DNA sequence conservation among humans, mice, and rats. However, whether T-UCRs regulate cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. We aimed to explore the effects of T-UCRs on cardiac hypertrophy. First, we performed long noncoding RNA microarray analysis on hearts of mice subjected to sham surgery or aortic banding and found that the T-UCR uc.323 was decreased significantly in mice with aortic banding-induced cardiac hypertrophy. In vitro loss- and gain-of-function experiments demonstrated that uc.323 protected cardiomyocytes against hypertrophy induced by phenylephrine. Additionally, we discovered that mammalian target of rapamycin 1 contributed to phenylephrine-induced uc.323 downregulation and uc.323-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We further mapped the possible target genes of uc.323 through global microarray mRNA expression analysis after uc.323 knockdown and found that uc.323 regulated the expression of cardiac hypertrophy-related genes such as CPT1b (Carnitine Palmitoyl transferase 1b). Then, chromatin immunoprecipitation proved that EZH2 (enhancer of zeste homolog 2) bound to the promoter of CPT1b via H3K27me3 (trimethylation of lysine 27 of histone H3) to induce CPT1b downregulation. And overexpression of CPT1b could block uc.323-mediated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Finally, we found that uc.323 deficiency induced cardiac hypertrophy. Our results reveal that uc.323 is a conserved T-UCR that inhibits cardiac hypertrophy, potentially by regulating the transcription of CPT1b via interaction with EZH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Cardiology, the Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S.).,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Wendong Fan
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Ruicong Xue
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Bin Dong
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Zhuomin Liang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Chen Chen
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Jiayong Li
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Yan Wang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Huiling Huang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Jingzhou Jiang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Zexuan Wu
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Gang Dai
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Rong Fang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Youchen Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine (Y.Y., T.Y.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tiqun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Translational Medicine (Y.Y., T.Y.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhan-Peng Huang
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Yugang Dong
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
| | - Chen Liu
- From the Department of Cardiology (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-sen University), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (Y.S., W.F., R.X., B.D., Z.L., C.C., J.L., Y.W., J.Z., H.H., J.J., Z.W., G.D., R.F., Z.-p.H., Y.D., C.L.)
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41
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Wang W, Li T, Yao HC. Letter by Wang et al Regarding Article, "Preservation of Acyl Coenzyme A Attenuates Pathological and Metabolic Cardiac Remodeling Through Selective Lipid Trafficking". Circulation 2019; 140:e762-e763. [PMID: 31682524 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.042343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Tai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, China
| | - Heng-Chen Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Liaocheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University and Clinical School of Shandong First Medical University, China
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42
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Glatz JFC, Nabben M, Young ME, Schulze PC, Taegtmeyer H, Luiken JJFP. Re-balancing cellular energy substrate metabolism to mend the failing heart. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165579. [PMID: 31678200 PMCID: PMC7586321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fatty acids and glucose are the main substrates for myocardial energy provision. Under physiologic conditions, there is a distinct and finely tuned balance between the utilization of these substrates. Using the non-ischemic heart as an example, we discuss that upon stress this substrate balance is upset resulting in an over-reliance on either fatty acids or glucose, and that chronic fuel shifts towards a single type of substrate appear to be linked with cardiac dysfunction. These observations suggest that interventions aimed at re-balancing a tilted substrate preference towards an appropriate mix of substrates may result in restoration of cardiac contractile performance. Examples of manipulating cellular substrate uptake as a means to re-balance fuel supply, being associated with mended cardiac function underscore this concept. We also address the molecular mechanisms underlying the apparent need for a fatty acid-glucose fuel balance. We propose that re-balancing cellular fuel supply, in particular with respect to fatty acids and glucose, may be an effective strategy to treat the failing heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F C Glatz
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Miranda Nabben
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Martin E Young
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, Angiology, Pneumology and Intensive Medical Care, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joost J F P Luiken
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences (FHML), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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43
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Shishikura K, Kuroha S, Matsueda S, Iseki H, Matsui T, Inoue A, Arita M. Acyl-CoA synthetase 6 regulates long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids in spermatids and supports normal spermatogenic processes in mice. FASEB J 2019; 33:14194-14203. [PMID: 31648559 PMCID: PMC6894091 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901074r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), such as docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6) and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5), have versatile physiologic functions. Studies have suggested that DHA and DPA are beneficial for maintaining sperm quality. However, their mechanisms of action are still unclear because of the poor understanding of DHA/DPA metabolism in the testis. DHA and DPA are mainly stored as LCPUFA-containing phospholipids and support normal spermatogenesis. Long-chain acyl-conenzyme A (CoA) synthetase (ACSL) 6 is an enzyme that preferentially converts LCPUFA into LCPUFA-CoA. Here, we report that ACSL6 knockout (KO) mice display severe male infertility due to attenuated sperm numbers and function. ACSL6 is highly expressed in differentiating spermatids, and ACSL6 KO mice have reduced LCPUFA-containing phospholipids in their spermatids. Delayed sperm release and apoptosis of differentiated spermatids were observed in these mice. The results of this study indicate that ACSL6 contributes to the local accumulation of DHA- and DPA-containing phospholipids in spermatids to support normal spermatogenesis.—Shishikura, K., Kuroha, S., Matsueda, S., Iseki, H., Matsui, T., Inoue, A., Arita, M. Acyl-CoA synthetase 6 regulates long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of membrane phospholipids in spermatids and supports normal spermatogenic processes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Shishikura
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan.,Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sayoko Kuroha
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Matsueda
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hachiro Iseki
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsui
- Laboratory for Skin Homeostasis, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Azusa Inoue
- Laboratory for Metabolic Epigenetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, Riken Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan.,Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Japan.,Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Japan
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44
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Li N, Saitou M, Atilla-Gokcumen GE. The Role of p38 MAPK in Triacylglycerol Accumulation during Apoptosis. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900160. [PMID: 31099964 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipids are emerging as key regulators of apoptosis. Specific lipid species are associated with apoptosis with important functional roles, but the understanding of the regulation of these lipid species is still limited. It has been previously shown by our laboratory that polyunsaturated triacylglycerols accumulate and get stored within lipid droplets during apoptosis via activated glycerolipid biosynthesis. In this work, the biochemical mechanisms that result in the activation of glycerolipid biosynthesis and, consequently, triacylglycerol and lipid droplet accumulation during apoptosis are investigated. The transcriptomes of control and apoptotic HCT-116 cells are compared and gene enrichment analysis revealed the upregulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). It is shown that p38 MAPK regulates triacylglycerol biosynthesis through diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 during apoptosis. Perilipin 2 and cytosolic phospholipase A2delta are also shown to be involved in lipid droplet and polyunsaturated triacylglycerol accumulation in this process. Overall, the results provide new insights into the upregulation of glycerolipid synthesis during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasi Li
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Marie Saitou
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
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45
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Myocardial Adipose Triglyceride Lipase Overexpression Protects against Burn-Induced Cardiac Lipid Accumulation and Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6428924. [PMID: 31223422 PMCID: PMC6541965 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6428924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive cardiac metabolism is a common trigger of cardiac lipid accumulation and cardiac injury under serious burn challenge. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the key enzyme that catalyzes triglyceride hydrolysis; however, its alteration and impact on cardiac function following serious burn injury are still unknown. Here, we found that the cardiac fatty acid (FA) metabolism increased, accompanied by augmented FA accumulation and ATGL expression, after serious burn injury. We generated heterozygous ATGL knockout and heterozygous cardiac-specific ATGL overexpression thermal burn mice. The results demonstrated that partial loss of ATGL could not relieve burn-induced cardiac lipid accumulation and cardiac injury, possibly due to the suppression of cardiac FA metabolism plus insufficient compensatory glucose utilization. In contrast, cardiac-specific overexpression of ATGL alleviated cardiac lipid accumulation and cardiac injury following burn challenge by switching the substrate preference from FA towards increased glucose utilization. The underlying mechanism was possibly related to increased glucose transporter-1 expression and reduced cardiac lipid accumulation induced by ATGL overexpression. Our data first demonstrated that elevated cardiac ATGL expression after serious burn injury is an adaptive, albeit insufficient, response to compensate for the increase in energy consumption and that further overexpression of ATGL is beneficial for ameliorating cardiac injury, indicating its therapeutic potential.
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46
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Kalugotla G, He L, Weber KJ, Daemen S, Reller A, Razani B, Schilling JD. Frontline Science: Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 exacerbates lipotoxic inflammasome activation in primary macrophages. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:803-814. [PMID: 31166619 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3hi0219-045rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are associated with macrophage dysfunction and increased NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Saturated fatty acids (FAs) are abundant in these metabolic disorders and have been associated with lysosome dysfunction and inflammasome activation in macrophages. However, the interplay between cellular metabolic pathways and lipid-induced toxicity in macrophages remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of the lipid metabolic enzyme long chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL1) in primary macrophages. ACSL1 is upregulated in TLR4-activated macrophages via a TIR (toll/IL-1R) domain-containing adapter inducing IFN-β (TRIF)-dependent pathway, and knockout of this enzyme decreased NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The mechanism of this response was not related to inflammasome priming, lipid uptake, or endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress generation. Rather, ACSL1 was associated with mitochondria where it modulated fatty acid metabolism. The development of lysosome damage with palmitate exposure likely occurs via the formation of intracellular crystals. Herein, we provide evidence that loss of ACSL1 in macrophages decreases FA crystal formation thereby reducing lysosome damage and IL-1β release. These findings suggest that targeting lipid metabolic pathways in macrophages may be a strategy to reduce lipotoxity and to decrease pathologic inflammation in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowri Kalugotla
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Li He
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kassandra J Weber
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Abigail Reller
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Babak Razani
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Joel D Schilling
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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47
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Singh AB, Kan CFK, Kraemer FB, Sobel RA, Liu J. Liver-specific knockdown of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 reveals its key role in VLDL-TG metabolism and phospholipid synthesis in mice fed a high-fat diet. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 316:E880-E894. [PMID: 30721098 PMCID: PMC6580179 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00503.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) has a unique substrate specificity for arachidonic acid. Hepatic ACSL4 is coregulated with the phospholipid (PL)-remodeling enzyme lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) acyltransferase 3 by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ to modulate the plasma triglyceride (TG) metabolism. In this study, we investigated the acute effects of hepatic ACSL4 deficiency on lipid metabolism in adult mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Adenovirus-mediated expression of a mouse ACSL4 shRNA (Ad-shAcsl4) in the liver of HFD-fed mice led to a 43% reduction of hepatic arachidonoyl-CoA synthetase activity and a 53% decrease in ACSL4 protein levels compared with mice receiving control adenovirus (Ad-shLacZ). Attenuated ACSL4 expression resulted in a substantial decrease in circulating VLDL-TG levels without affecting plasma cholesterol. Lipidomics profiling revealed that knocking down ACSL4 altered liver PL compositions, with the greatest impact on accumulation of abundant LPC species (LPC 16:0 and LPC 18:0) and lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) species (LPE 16:0 and LPE 18:0). In addition, fasting glucose and insulin levels were higher in Ad-shAcsl4-transduced mice versus control (Ad-shLacZ). Glucose tolerance testing further indicated an insulin-resistant phenotype upon knockdown of ACSL4. These results provide the first in vivo evidence that ACSL4 plays a role in plasma TG and glucose metabolism and hepatic PL synthesis of hyperlipidemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar B Singh
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
| | - Chin Fung K Kan
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
- Ochsner Clinical School, University of Queensland School of Medicine , New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Fredric B Kraemer
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
- Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Raymond A Sobel
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, California
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
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48
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Zhao L, Pascual F, Bacudio L, Suchanek AL, Young PA, Li LO, Martin SA, Camporez JP, Perry RJ, Shulman GI, Klett EL, Coleman RA. Defective fatty acid oxidation in mice with muscle-specific acyl-CoA synthetase 1 deficiency increases amino acid use and impairs muscle function. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:8819-8833. [PMID: 30975900 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase isoform-1 (ACSL1) in mouse skeletal muscle (Acsl1M -/-) severely reduces acyl-CoA synthetase activity and fatty acid oxidation. However, the effects of decreased fatty acid oxidation on skeletal muscle function, histology, use of alternative fuels, and mitochondrial function and morphology are unclear. We observed that Acsl1M -/- mice have impaired voluntary running capacity and muscle grip strength and that their gastrocnemius muscle contains myocytes with central nuclei, indicating muscle regeneration. We also found that plasma creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase levels in Acsl1M -/- mice are 3.4- and 1.5-fold greater, respectively, than in control mice (Acsl1flox/flox ), indicating muscle damage, even without exercise, in the Acsl1M -/- mice. Moreover, caspase-3 protein expression exclusively in Acsl1M -/- skeletal muscle and the presence of cleaved caspase-3 suggested myocyte apoptosis. Mitochondria in Acsl1M -/- skeletal muscle were swollen with abnormal cristae, and mitochondrial biogenesis was increased. Glucose uptake did not increase in Acsl1M -/- skeletal muscle, and pyruvate oxidation was similar in gastrocnemius homogenates from Acsl1M -/- and control mice. The rate of protein synthesis in Acsl1M -/- glycolytic muscle was 2.1-fold greater 30 min after exercise than in the controls, suggesting resynthesis of proteins catabolized for fuel during the exercise. At this time, mTOR complex 1 was activated, and autophagy was blocked. These results suggest that fatty acid oxidation is critical for normal skeletal muscle homeostasis during both rest and exercise. We conclude that ACSL1 deficiency produces an overall defect in muscle fuel metabolism that increases protein catabolism, resulting in exercise intolerance, muscle weakness, and myocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei O Li
- From the Departments of Nutrition and
| | - Sarah A Martin
- the Department of Molecular Genetics and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, and
| | | | - Rachel J Perry
- the Departments of Internal Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- the Departments of Internal Medicine and.,Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Eric L Klett
- Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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49
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Goldenberg JR, Carley AN, Ji R, Zhang X, Fasano M, Schulze PC, Lewandowski ED. Preservation of Acyl Coenzyme A Attenuates Pathological and Metabolic Cardiac Remodeling Through Selective Lipid Trafficking. Circulation 2019; 139:2765-2777. [PMID: 30909726 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.039610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic remodeling in heart failure contributes to dysfunctional lipid trafficking and lipotoxicity. Acyl coenzyme A synthetase-1 (ACSL1) facilitates long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake and activation with coenzyme A (CoA), mediating the fate of LCFA. The authors tested whether cardiac ACSL1 overexpression aids LCFA oxidation and reduces lipotoxicity under pathological stress of transverse aortic constriction (TAC). METHODS Mice with cardiac restricted ACSL1 overexpression (MHC-ACSL1) underwent TAC or sham surgery followed by serial in vivo echocardiography for 14 weeks. At the decompensated stage of hypertrophy, isolated hearts were perfused with 13C LCFA during dynamic-mode 13C nuclear magnetic resonance followed by in vitro nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry analysis to assess intramyocardial lipid trafficking. In parallel, acyl CoA was measured in tissue obtained from heart failure patients pre- and postleft ventricular device implantation plus matched controls. RESULTS TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction was mitigated in MHC-ACSL1 hearts compared with nontransgenic hearts. At 14 weeks, TAC increased heart weight to tibia length by 46% in nontransgenic mice, but only 26% in MHC-ACSL1 mice, whereas ACSL1 mice retained greater ejection fraction (ACSL1 TAC: 65.8±7.5%; nontransgenic TAC: 45.9±7.3) and improvement in diastolic E/E'. Functional improvements were mediated by ACSL1 changes to cardiac LCFA trafficking. ACSL1 accelerated LCFA uptake, preventing C16 acyl CoA loss post-TAC. Long-chain acyl CoA was similarly reduced in human failing myocardium and restored to control levels by mechanical unloading. ACSL1 trafficked LCFA into ceramides without normalizing the reduced triglyceride storage in TAC. ACSL1 prevented de novo synthesis of cardiotoxic C16- and C24-, and C24:1 ceramides and increased potentially cardioprotective C20- and C22-ceramides post-TAC. ACLS1 overexpression activated AMP activated protein kinase at baseline, but during TAC, prevented the reduced LCFA oxidation in hypertrophic hearts and normalized energy state (phosphocreatine:ATP) and consequently, AMP activated protein kinase activation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first demonstration of reduced acyl CoA in failing hearts of humans and mice, and suggests possible mechanisms for maintaining mitochondrial oxidative energy metabolism by restoring long-chain acyl CoA through ASCL1 activation and mechanical unloading. By mitigating cardiac lipotoxicity, via redirected LCFA trafficking to ceramides, and restoring acyl CoA, ACSL1 delayed progressive cardiac remodeling and failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Goldenberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (J.R.G., E.D.L.)
| | - Andrew N Carley
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus
| | - Ruiping Ji
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (R.J., X.Z., P.C.S.)
| | - Xiaokan Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (R.J., X.Z., P.C.S.)
| | - Matt Fasano
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus
| | - P Christian Schulze
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York (R.J., X.Z., P.C.S.).,Department of Medicine I, Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Germany (P.C.S.)
| | - E Douglas Lewandowski
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago (J.R.G., E.D.L.).,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus.,Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (A.N.C., M.F., E.D.L.), Columbus
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Adaptive evolution of the ACSL gene family in Carnivora. Genetica 2019; 147:141-148. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-019-00057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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