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Subramanian A, Jahabardeen A, Thamaraikani T, Vellapandian C. More on the interplay between gut microbiota, autophagy, and inflammatory bowel disease is needed. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:3356-3360. [DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i27.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which encompasses Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, represents a complex and growing global health concern resulting from a multifactorial etiology. Both dysfunctional autophagy and dysbiosis contribute to IBD, with their combined effects exacerbating the related inflammatory condition. As a result, the existing interconnection between gut microbiota, autophagy, and the host’s immune system is a decisive factor in the occurrence of IBD. The factors that influence the gut microbiota and their impact are another important point in this regard. Based on this initial perspective, this manuscript briefly highlighted the intricate interplay between the gut microbiota, autophagy, and IBD pathogenesis. In addition, it also addressed the potential targeting of the microbiota and modulating autophagic pathways for IBD therapy and proposed suggestions for future research within a more specific and expanded context. Further studies are warranted to explore restoring microbial balance and regulating autophagy mechanisms, which may offer new therapeutic avenues for IBD management and to delve into personalized treatment to alleviate the related burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunkumar Subramanian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Afrarahamed Jahabardeen
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Tamilanban Thamaraikani
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
| | - Chitra Vellapandian
- Department of Pharmacology, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
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Adolph TE, Meyer M, Jukic A, Tilg H. Heavy arch: from inflammatory bowel diseases to metabolic disorders. Gut 2024; 73:1376-1387. [PMID: 38777571 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-331914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disorders and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have captured the globe during Westernisation of lifestyle and related dietary habits over the last decades. Both disease entities are characterised by complex and heterogeneous clinical spectra linked to distinct symptoms and organ systems which, on a first glimpse, do not have many commonalities in clinical practice. However, experimental studies indicate a common backbone of inflammatory mechanisms in metabolic diseases and gut inflammation, and emerging clinical evidence suggests an intricate interplay between metabolic disorders and IBD. OBJECTIVE We depict parallels of IBD and metabolic diseases, easily overlooked in clinical routine. DESIGN We provide an overview of the recent literature and discuss implications of metabolic morbidity in patients with IBD for researchers, clinicians and healthcare providers. CONCLUSION The Western lifestyle and diet and related gut microbial perturbation serve as a fuel for metabolic inflammation in and beyond the gut. Metabolic disorders and the metabolic syndrome increasingly affect patients with IBD, with an expected negative impact for both disease entities and risk for complications. This concept implies that tackling the obesity pandemic exerts beneficial effects beyond metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon E Adolph
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Moritz Meyer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Almina Jukic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Tilg
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Ryan K, Salozzo C, Schwartz S, Hart M, Tuo Y, Wenzel A, Saul S, Strople J, Brown J, Runde J. Following Through: The Impact of Culinary Medicine on Mediterranean Diet Uptake in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024:izae141. [PMID: 38970369 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izae141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MD) is recommended for all patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) unless there is a specific contraindication. Culinary medicine has emerged as a method for improving dietary education. Patients and caregivers are often invested in making dietary changes to improve disease control. Here, we examine the dietary preferences of a group of young people with IBD and apply culinary medicine techniques with an in-person MD-focused cooking class. METHODS A survey evaluating dietary attitudes was sent to an IBD email listserv at our tertiary care center (n = 779). A validated questionnaire, the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents was used to assess MD adherence. IBD dietitians customized 2 in-person MD-focused cooking classes, one for children 6 to 12 years of age (arm 1) and one for adolescents 13 to 17 years of age (arm 2). Baseline, 1-month follow-up, and 3-month follow-up surveys were completed. RESULTS There were 112 survey responses. Participants were 67.0% male with diagnosis of Crohn's disease (50.0%), ulcerative colitis (42.0%), or IBD unclassified (8.0%). Most were managed on advanced therapies (82.0%). Most reported making decisions about diet (82.0%) in order to help with IBD, had met with a dietitian (69.0%), and were interested in learning more about the MD (55.3%). MD scores were primarily in the average (49.5%) and poor (41.1%) diet categories. Only those eating together as a family 3 or more times per week or those who had met with a dietitian scored in the optimal diet category. The median MD score at baseline was 4.5, increasing to 6.0 at 1 month and 7.0 at 3 months postintervention. Almost all (90%) would recommend cooking classes to others. Common barriers to MD uptake included lack of knowledge about which foods to prepare, concern about taste, and time to prepare food. CONCLUSIONS This study showcases high patient and caregiver interest in dietary management of IBD and demonstrates efficacy of education via application of culinary medicine. Classes were well received by families and MD adherence scores increased postintervention. As patients with IBD and their families are often motivated to incorporate dietary therapy into their care, this work highlights the role of culinary medicine and value of future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Caroline Salozzo
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Sally Schwartz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Micquel Hart
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ya Tuo
- Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Amanda Wenzel
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children's Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Samantha Saul
- Section of Gastroenterology, C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer Strople
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jeffrey Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Joseph Runde
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Sandys O, Stokkers PCF, Te Velde AA. DAMP-ing IBD: Extinguish the Fire and Prevent Smoldering. Dig Dis Sci 2024:10.1007/s10620-024-08523-5. [PMID: 38963463 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), the most promising therapies targeting cytokines or immune cell trafficking demonstrate around 40% efficacy. As IBD is a multifactorial inflammation of the intestinal tract, a single-target approach is unlikely to solve this problem, necessitating an alternative strategy that addresses its variability. One approach often overlooked by the pharmaceutically driven therapeutic options is to address the impact of environmental factors. This is somewhat surprising considering that IBD is increasingly viewed as a condition heavily influenced by such factors, including diet, stress, and environmental pollution-often referred to as the "Western lifestyle". In IBD, intestinal responses result from a complex interplay among the genetic background of the patient, molecules, cells, and the local inflammatory microenvironment where danger- and microbe-associated molecular patterns (D/MAMPs) provide an adjuvant-rich environment. Through activating DAMP receptors, this array of pro-inflammatory factors can stimulate, for example, the NLRP3 inflammasome-a major amplifier of the inflammatory response in IBD, and various immune cells via non-specific bystander activation of myeloid cells (e.g., macrophages) and lymphocytes (e.g., tissue-resident memory T cells). Current single-target biological treatment approaches can dampen the immune response, but without reducing exposure to environmental factors of IBD, e.g., by changing diet (reducing ultra-processed foods), the adjuvant-rich landscape is never resolved and continues to drive intestinal mucosal dysregulation. Thus, such treatment approaches are not enough to put out the inflammatory fire. The resultant smoldering, low-grade inflammation diminishes physiological resilience of the intestinal (micro)environment, perpetuating the state of chronic disease. Therefore, our hypothesis posits that successful interventions for IBD must address the complexity of the disease by simultaneously targeting all modifiable aspects: innate immunity cytokines and microbiota, adaptive immunity cells and cytokines, and factors that relate to the (micro)environment. Thus the disease can be comprehensively treated across the nano-, meso-, and microscales, rather than with a focus on single targets. A broader perspective on IBD treatment that also includes options to adapt the DAMPing (micro)environment is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Sandys
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AmsterdamUMC, AGEM, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C F Stokkers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, OLVG West, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anje A Te Velde
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, AmsterdamUMC, AGEM, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Agrawal G, Borody TJ, Aitken JM. Mapping Crohn's Disease Pathogenesis with Mycobacterium paratuberculosis: A Hijacking by a Stealth Pathogen. Dig Dis Sci 2024:10.1007/s10620-024-08508-4. [PMID: 38896362 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) has been implicated in the development of Crohn's disease (CD) for over a century. Similarities have been noted between the (histo)pathological presentation of MAP in ruminants, termed Johne's disease (JD), and appearances in humans with CD. Analyses of disease presentation and pathology suggest a multi-step process occurs that consists of MAP infection, dysbiosis of the gut microbiome, and dietary influences. Each step has a role in the disease development and requires a better understanding to implementing combination therapies, such as antibiotics, vaccination, faecal microbiota transplants (FMT) and dietary plans. To optimise responses, each must be tailored directly to the activity of MAP, otherwise therapies are open to interpretation without microbiological evidence that the organism is present and has been influenced. Microscopy and histopathology enables studies of the mycobacterium in situ and how the associated disease processes manifest in the patient e.g., granulomas, fissuring, etc. The challenge for researchers has been to prove the relationship between MAP and CD with available laboratory tests and methodologies, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), MAP-associated DNA sequences and bacteriological culture investigations. These have, so far, been inconclusive in revealing the relationship of MAP in patients with CD. Improved and accurate methods of detection will add to evidence for an infectious aetiology of CD. Specifically, if the bacterial pathogen can be isolated, identified and cultivated, then causal relationships to disease can be confirmed, especially if it is present in human gut tissue. This review discusses how MAP may cause the inflammation seen in CD by relating its known pathogenesis in cattle, and from examples of other mycobacterial infections in humans, and how this would impact upon the difficulties with diagnostic tests for the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Agrawal
- Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK.
- , Sydney, Australia.
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Li Z, Zhao Z, Chen S, Wang X, Wang D, Nie X, Yao Y. Ge-Gen-Qin-Lian decoction alleviates the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus with inflammatory bowel disease via regulating the AGE-RAGE pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:225. [PMID: 38858747 PMCID: PMC11163797 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the mechanism of Ge-Gen-Qin-Lian decoction (GGQLD) in the alleviation of symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by network pharmacology and experimental validation. METHODS The active components and targets of GGQLD were identified from the TCMSP database. The potential therapeutic targets of T2DM and IBD were identified from the GEO database and 4 online disease target databases. The PPI network and KEGG/GO analyses were performed with the common targets among GGQLD, T2DM and IBD. Molecular docking was carried out between the core compounds and hub targets. To verify the above results, UHPLC-MS technology was used to identify the chemical compounds in GGQLD, and a T2DM with IBD rat model was used to explore the mechanism by which GGQLD treats T2DM with IBD. RESULTS Totally, 70 potential therapeutic targets were identified among GGQLD, T2DM and IBD. Ten hub genes were selected from the PPI network. KEGG analysis revealed that GGQLD is tightly involved in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Berberine, baicalein, wogonin, and quercitrin are the main active compounds of GGQLD. Animal experiments showed that GGQLD could decrease blood glucose and alleviate intestinal inflammation. Notably, the concentrations of AGEs, the expression of RAGE, c-JUN and NF-κB and the expression of inflammatory cytokines were decreased by GGQLD. CONCLUSIONS Our study initially demonstrated that GGQLD has favorable anti-hyperglycemic and anti-intestinal inflammation effects in a T2DM with IBD rat model, and the AGE-RAGE pathway plays a vital role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China
| | - Ziwei Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Shujuan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaoli Nie
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China.
| | - Ye Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Southern Medical University Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Southern Medical University, No. 13, Shi Liu Gang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510315, China.
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Nieva C, Pryor J, Williams GM, Hoedt EC, Burns GL, Eslick GD, Talley NJ, Duncanson K, Keely S. The Impact of Dietary Interventions on the Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:920-942. [PMID: 38102104 PMCID: PMC11147801 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Diet plays an integral role in the modulation of the intestinal environment, with the potential to be modified for management of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. It has been hypothesised that poor 'Western-style' dietary patterns select for a microbiota that drives IBD inflammation and, that through dietary intervention, a healthy microbiota may be restored. This study aimed to systematically review the literature and assess current available evidence regarding the influence of diet on the intestinal microbiota composition in IBD patients, and how this may affect disease activity. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from January 2013 to June 2023, to identify studies investigating diet and microbiota in IBD. RESULTS Thirteen primary studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for narrative synthesis. Reported associations between diet and microbiota in IBD were conflicting due to the considerable degree of heterogeneity between studies. Nine intervention studies trialled specific diets and did not demonstrate significant shifts in the diversity and abundance of intestinal microbial communities or improvement in disease outcomes. The remaining four cross-sectional studies did not find a specific microbial signature associated with habitual dietary patterns in IBD patients. CONCLUSIONS Diet modulates the gut microbiota, and this may have implications for IBD; however, the body of evidence does not currently support clear dietary patterns or food constituents that are associated with a specific microbiota profile or disease marker in IBD patients. Further research is required with a focus on robust and consistent methodology to achieve improved identification of associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheenie Nieva
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer Pryor
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina M Williams
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily C Hoedt
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Grace L Burns
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy D Eslick
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas J Talley
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerith Duncanson
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon Keely
- College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council [NHMRC], Centre of Research Excellence in Digestive Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Immune Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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Sauer P, Luft VC, Dall'Alba V. Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease who regularly consume fruits and vegetables present lower prevalence of disease activation: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 61:420-426. [PMID: 38777464 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exclusion diets are common practices among individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Reports that certain foods trigger or worsen symptoms are recurrent but lack evidence. The aim of the study was to identify which foods were most frequently avoided by patients with Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC) and whether the consumption of any food group was associated with disease activity. METHODS Cross-sectional study with adult patients seen at an outpatient clinic in a tertiary public hospital. Dietary intake and eating habits were accessed through questionnaires administered via telephone interview. Disease activity and symptoms were assessed using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index (IHB) for CD and the Lichtiger Index (LI) for UC. Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator was used to estimate prevalence ratios. Analyzes were performed using SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS The study included 145 patients. Of these, 69.7% avoided certain foods, with citrus fruits and raw vegetables among the most avoided (16.8% and 13.8%, respectively). Regular consumption of fruits (PR = 0.56; CI 95% 0.32-0.97; p = 0.042) and vegetables (PR = 0.56; CI 95% 0.32-0.98; p = 0.045) was associated with a 44% lower prevalence of the active phase of the disease, compared to those who do not consume these foods, adjusted for age, sex and type of disease. Other food items did not present significant associations in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Fruit and vegetable intake appears to have a protective role in the recurrence of IBD. Excluding foods is a common practice, even among patients in remission, and this should be combated as it can lead to nutritional losses. It is important to reinforce with patients the benefits of a varied and less restrictive diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Sauer
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vivian Cristine Luft
- Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Valesca Dall'Alba
- Graduate Program in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil; Nutrition Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Bui G, Torres-Fuentes C, Pusceddu MM, Gareau MG, Marco ML. Milk and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BL23 effects on intestinal responses in a murine model of colitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 326:G659-G675. [PMID: 38591132 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00259.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Probiotic-containing fermented dairy foods have the potential to benefit human health, but the importance of the dairy matrix for efficacy remains unclear. We investigated the capacity of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BL23 in phosphate-buffered saline (BL23-PBS), BL23-fermented milk (BL23-milk), and milk to modify intestinal and behavioral responses in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 3% wt/vol) mouse model of colitis. Significant sex-dependent differences were found such that female mice exhibited more severe colitis, greater weight loss, and higher mortality rates. Sex differences were also found for ion transport ex vivo, colonic cytokine and tight junction gene expression, and fecal microbiota composition. Measurements of milk and BL23 effects showed BL23-PBS consumption improved weight recovery in females, whereas milk resulted in better body weight recovery in males. Occludin and Claudin-2 gene transcript levels indicated barrier function was impaired in males, but BL23-milk was still found to improve colonic ion transport in those mice. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory gene expression levels were increased in both male and female mice fed BL23, and to a more variable extent, milk, compared with controls. The female mouse fecal microbiota contained high proportions of Akkermansia (average of 18.1%) at baseline, and females exhibited more changes in gut microbiota composition following BL23 and milk intake. Male fecal microbiota harbored significantly more Parasutterella and less Blautia and Roseburia after DSS treatment, independent of BL23 or milk consumption. These findings show the complex interplay between dietary components and sex-dependent responses in mitigating inflammation in the digestive tract.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sex-dependent responses to probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and milk and the potential of the dairy matrix to enhance probiotic protection against colitis in this context have not been previously explored. Female mice were more sensitive than males to colonic injury, and neither treatment effectively alleviated inflammation in both sexes. These sex-dependent responses may result from differences in the higher baseline proportions of Akkermansia in the gut microbiome of female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glory Bui
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Cristina Torres-Fuentes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Matteo M Pusceddu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Mélanie G Gareau
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States
| | - Maria L Marco
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States
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Li TT, Chen X, Huo D, Arifuzzaman M, Qiao S, Jin WB, Shi H, Li XV, Iliev ID, Artis D, Guo CJ. Microbiota metabolism of intestinal amino acids impacts host nutrient homeostasis and physiology. Cell Host Microbe 2024; 32:661-675.e10. [PMID: 38657606 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The intestine and liver are thought to metabolize dietary nutrients and regulate host nutrient homeostasis. Here, we find that the gut microbiota also reshapes the host amino acid (aa) landscape via efficiently metabolizing intestinal aa. To identify the responsible microbes/genes, we developed a metabolomics-based assay to screen 104 commensals and identified candidates that efficiently utilize aa. Using genetics, we identified multiple responsible metabolic genes in phylogenetically diverse microbes. By colonizing germ-free mice with the wild-type strain and their isogenic mutant deficient in individual aa-metabolizing genes, we found that these genes regulate the availability of gut and circulatory aa. Notably, microbiota genes for branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and tryptophan metabolism indirectly affect host glucose homeostasis via peripheral serotonin. Collectively, at single-gene level, this work characterizes a microbiota-encoded metabolic activity that affects host nutrient homeostasis and provides a roadmap to interrogate microbiota-dependent activity to improve human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Li
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xi Chen
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Da Huo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Mohammad Arifuzzaman
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Shanshan Qiao
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Wen-Bing Jin
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Huiqing Shi
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Xin V Li
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Iliyan D Iliev
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - David Artis
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Chun-Jun Guo
- Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Friedman Center for Nutrition and Inflammation, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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11
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Facchin S, Bertin L, Bonazzi E, Lorenzon G, De Barba C, Barberio B, Zingone F, Maniero D, Scarpa M, Ruffolo C, Angriman I, Savarino EV. Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:559. [PMID: 38792581 PMCID: PMC11122327 DOI: 10.3390/life14050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such as dietary fibers. Through the fermentation of these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits to the host. The production and absorption of these SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within the human intestine, contingent upon the types of dietary fibers reaching the gut and the specific microorganisms engaged in fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents the supplementation of SCFAs, particularly butyrate, in the treatment of gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, and gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks to provide an overview of the dynamics involved in the production and absorption of acetate, propionate, and butyrate within the human gut. Additionally, it will focus on the pivotal roles these SCFAs play in promoting gastrointestinal and metabolic health, as well as their current therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Facchin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Luisa Bertin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Erica Bonazzi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Caterina De Barba
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Daria Maniero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Cesare Ruffolo
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
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12
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Holmberg SM, Feeney RH, Prasoodanan P K V, Puértolas-Balint F, Singh DK, Wongkuna S, Zandbergen L, Hauner H, Brandl B, Nieminen AI, Skurk T, Schroeder BO. The gut commensal Blautia maintains colonic mucus function under low-fiber consumption through secretion of short-chain fatty acids. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3502. [PMID: 38664378 PMCID: PMC11045866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47594-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Beneficial gut bacteria are indispensable for developing colonic mucus and fully establishing its protective function against intestinal microorganisms. Low-fiber diet consumption alters the gut bacterial configuration and disturbs this microbe-mucus interaction, but the specific bacteria and microbial metabolites responsible for maintaining mucus function remain poorly understood. By using human-to-mouse microbiota transplantation and ex vivo analysis of colonic mucus function, we here show as a proof-of-concept that individuals who increase their daily dietary fiber intake can improve the capacity of their gut microbiota to prevent diet-mediated mucus defects. Mucus growth, a critical feature of intact colonic mucus, correlated with the abundance of the gut commensal Blautia, and supplementation of Blautia coccoides to mice confirmed its mucus-stimulating capacity. Mechanistically, B. coccoides stimulated mucus growth through the production of the short-chain fatty acids propionate and acetate via activation of the short-chain fatty acid receptor Ffar2, which could serve as a new target to restore mucus growth during mucus-associated lifestyle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Holmberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rachel H Feeney
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vishnu Prasoodanan P K
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fabiola Puértolas-Balint
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Dhirendra K Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Supapit Wongkuna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lotte Zandbergen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute in Nutritional Medicine, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
- TU Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Beate Brandl
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anni I Nieminen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas Skurk
- ZIEL Institute for Food and Health, TU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bjoern O Schroeder
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS) and Umeå Center for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
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13
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Hu W, Zhai ZY, Huang ZY, Chen ZM, Zhou P, Li XX, Yang GH, Bao CJ, You LJ, Cui XB, Xia GL, Ou Yang MP, Zhang L, Wu WKK, Li LF, Zhang YX, Xiao ZG, Gong W. Dual RNA sequencing of Helicobacter pylori and host cell transcriptomes reveals ontologically distinct host-pathogen interaction. mSystems 2024; 9:e0020624. [PMID: 38514462 PMCID: PMC11019886 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00206-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a highly successful pathogen that poses a substantial threat to human health. However, the dynamic interaction between H. pylori and the human gastric epithelium has not been fully investigated. In this study, using dual RNA sequencing technology, we characterized a cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA)-modulated bacterial adaption strategy by enhancing the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter-related genes, metQ and HP_0888, upon coculturing with human gastric epithelial cells. We observed a general repression of electron transport-associated genes by cagA, leading to the activation of oxidative phosphorylation. Temporal profiling of host mRNA signatures revealed the downregulation of multiple splicing regulators due to bacterial infection, resulting in aberrant pre-mRNA splicing of functional genes involved in the cell cycle process in response to H. pylori infection. Moreover, we demonstrated a protective effect of gastric H. pylori colonization against chronic dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Mechanistically, we identified a cluster of propionic and butyric acid-producing bacteria, Muribaculaceae, selectively enriched in the colons of H. pylori-pre-colonized mice, which may contribute to the restoration of intestinal barrier function damaged by DSS treatment. Collectively, this study presents the first dual-transcriptome analysis of H. pylori during its dynamic interaction with gastric epithelial cells and provides new insights into strategies through which H. pylori promotes infection and pathogenesis in the human gastric epithelium. IMPORTANCE Simultaneous profiling of the dynamic interaction between Helicobacter pylori and the human gastric epithelium represents a novel strategy for identifying regulatory responses that drive pathogenesis. This study presents the first dual-transcriptome analysis of H. pylori when cocultured with gastric epithelial cells, revealing a bacterial adaptation strategy and a general repression of electron transportation-associated genes, both of which were modulated by cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA). Temporal profiling of host mRNA signatures dissected the aberrant pre-mRNA splicing of functional genes involved in the cell cycle process in response to H. pylori infection. We demonstrated a protective effect of gastric H. pylori colonization against chronic DSS-induced colitis through both in vitro and in vivo experiments. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of how H. pylori promotes infection and pathogenesis in the human gastric epithelium and provide evidence to identify targets for antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Yong Zhai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao Yu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze Min Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gen Hua Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Chong Ju Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Juan You
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Bing Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Gui Li Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Ping Ou Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ka Kei Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Long Fei Li
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Xuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhan Gang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory of Personalized Cell Therapy & Cell Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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14
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Mann ER, Lam YK, Uhlig HH. Short-chain fatty acids: linking diet, the microbiome and immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01014-8. [PMID: 38565643 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate, propionate and acetate are microbial metabolites and their availability in the gut and other organs is determined by environmental factors, such as diet and use of antibiotics, that shape the diversity and metabolism of the microbiota. SCFAs regulate epithelial barrier function as well as mucosal and systemic immunity via evolutionary conserved processes that involve G protein-coupled receptor signalling or histone deacetylase activity. Indicatively, the anti-inflammatory role of butyrate is mediated through direct effects on the differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, phagocytes, B cells and plasma cells, and regulatory and effector T cells. Intestinally derived SCFAs also directly and indirectly affect immunity at extra-intestinal sites, such as the liver, the lungs, the reproductive tract and the brain, and have been implicated in a range of disorders, including infections, intestinal inflammation, autoimmunity, food allergies, asthma and responses to cancer therapies. An ecological understanding of microbial communities and their interrelated metabolic states, as well as the engineering of butyrogenic bacteria may support SCFA-focused interventions for the prevention and treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Mann
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ying Ka Lam
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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15
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Xiao J, Guo X, Wang Z. Crosstalk between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and short-chain fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease: key clues toward unraveling the mystery. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1385907. [PMID: 38605960 PMCID: PMC11007100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The human intestinal tract constitutes a complex ecosystem, made up of countless gut microbiota, metabolites, and immune cells, with hypoxia being a fundamental environmental characteristic of this ecology. Under normal physiological conditions, a delicate balance exists among these complex "residents", with disruptions potentially leading to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The core pathology of IBD features a disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier, alongside evident immune and microecological disturbances. Central to these interconnected networks is hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which is a key regulator in gut cells for adapting to hypoxic conditions and maintaining gut homeostasis. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as pivotal gut metabolites, serve as vital mediators between the host and microbiota, and significantly influence intestinal ecosystem. Recent years have seen a surge in research on the roles and therapeutic potential of HIF-1α and SCFAs in IBD independently, yet reviews on HIF-1α-mediated SCFAs regulation of IBD under hypoxic conditions are scarce. This article summarizes evidence of the interplay and regulatory relationship between SCFAs and HIF-1α in IBD, pivotal for elucidating the disease's pathogenesis and offering promising therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyin Xiao
- Graduate School, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Department of Geriatric, the First People’s Hospital of Xiangtan City, Xiangtan, China
| | - Zhenquan Wang
- Department of Anorectal, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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16
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Schulz-Kuhnt A, Rühle K, Javidmehr A, Döbrönti M, Biwank J, Knittel S, Neidlinger P, Leupold J, Liu LJ, Dedden M, Taudte RV, Gessner A, Fromm MF, Mielenz D, Kreiss L, Waldner MJ, Schürmann S, Friedrich O, Dietel B, López-Posadas R, Plattner C, Zundler S, Becker C, Atreya R, Neurath MF, Atreya I. ATP citrate lyase (ACLY)-dependent immunometabolism in mucosal T cells drives experimental colitis in vivo. Gut 2024; 73:601-612. [PMID: 38176897 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mucosal T cells play a major role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, their immunometabolism during intestinal inflammation is poorly understood. Due to its impact on cellular metabolism and proinflammatory immune cell function, we here focus on the enzyme ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) in mucosal T cell immunometabolism and its relevance for IBD. DESIGN ACLY expression and its immunometabolic impact on colitogenic T cell function were analysed in mucosal T cells from patients with IBD and in two experimental colitis models. RESULTS ACLY was markedly expressed in colon tissue under steady-state conditions but was significantly downregulated in lamina propria mononuclear cells in experimental dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis and in CD4+ and to a lesser extent in CD8+ T cells infiltrating the inflamed gut in patients with IBD. ACLY-deficient CD4+ T cells showed an impaired capacity to induce intestinal inflammation in a transfer colitis model as compared with wild-type T cells. Assessment of T cell immunometabolism revealed that ACLY deficiency dampened the production of IBD-relevant cytokines and impaired glycolytic ATP production but enriched metabolites involved in the biosynthesis of phospholipids and phosphatidylcholine. Interestingly, the short-chain fatty acid butyrate was identified as a potent suppressor of ACLY expression in T cells, while IL-36α and resolvin E1 induced ACLY levels. In a translational approach, in vivo administration of the butyrate prodrug tributyrin downregulated mucosal infiltration of ACLYhigh CD4+ T cells and ameliorated chronic colitis. CONCLUSION ACLY controls mucosal T cell immunometabolism and experimental colitis. Therapeutic modulation of ACLY expression in T cells emerges as a novel strategy to promote the resolution of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Schulz-Kuhnt
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Current address: Bionorica SE, Neumarkt in der Oberpfalz, Germany
| | - Katharina Rühle
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Asal Javidmehr
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Döbrönti
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jana Biwank
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Selina Knittel
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Neidlinger
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jannik Leupold
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Li-Juan Liu
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mark Dedden
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regina Verena Taudte
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Core Facility for Metabolomics, Department of Medicine, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Arne Gessner
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin F Fromm
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lucas Kreiss
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maximilian J Waldner
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Dietel
- Department of Medicine 2 - Cardiology and Angiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rocío López-Posadas
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Plattner
- Institute for Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Zundler
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Raja Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Imke Atreya
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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17
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Liang G, Huang J, Chen J, Wen X, Li R, Xie H, Zhang Z, Chen Z, Chen Y, Xian Z, He X, Ke J, Lian L, Lan P, Wu X, Hu T. Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Apoptotic Resistance and Proinflammatory Phenotype of CD4 + Tissue-resident Memory T cells in Crohn's Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 17:939-964. [PMID: 38423357 PMCID: PMC11026735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS As the most abundant memory T cells and major source of tumor necrosis factor α in the intestinal mucosa of Crohn's disease (CD) patients, CD4+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a critical role in CD pathogenesis. We investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming in the regulation of proinflammatory and apoptosis-resistant phenotype for CD4+ TRM cells. METHODS CD4+ TRM cells were collected from intestinal resection tissues from control and CD patients. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis were performed to identify metabolic characteristics of CD4+ TRM cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments were used to assess cytokines level in CD4+ TRM cells; activation-induced cell apoptosis rate was evaluated by flow cytometry. Transwell assay and wound healing assay were performed to detect the effect of CD4+ TRM cells on the migration of normal intestinal epithelial cells. RESULTS Transcriptomic data combined with unbiased metabolomic analysis revealed an increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) phenotype existed in CD4+ TRM cells from CD patients. The lipidomic data and stable isotope tracer experiments demonstrated that CD4+ TRM cells up-regulated their lipid lipolysis and fatty acid uptake to fuel FAO in CD patients. Mechanistically, the activated nuclear factor kappa B signaling increased transcription of genes involved in lipid lipolysis, fatty acid uptake, and oxidation in CD4+ TRM cells from CD patients. Targeting FAO of CD4+ TRM cells reversed their apoptosis-resistant and proinflammatory phenotype in CD patients. CONCLUSIONS CD4+ TRM cells process an accelerated FAO mediated by activated nuclear factor kappa B signaling in CD patients; targeting FAO could reverse their apoptosis-resistant and proinflammatory phenotype. These findings shed a new light on the pathogenic mechanism investigation and novel therapy development in CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanzhan Liang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Junfeng Huang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Wen
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ruibing Li
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hanlin Xie
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zongjin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zexian Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yongle Chen
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Xian
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen He
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jia Ke
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lei Lian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Department of General Surgery (Gastric Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Department of General Surgery (Gastrointestinal Surgery), Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Tuo Hu
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China; Biomedical Innovation Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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18
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Vadlapudi SS, Poddar U. Dietary interventions in Crohn's disease: A simple solution to refractory disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024; 43:18-21. [PMID: 37610563 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Srinidhi Vadlapudi
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014, India
| | - Ujjal Poddar
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226 014, India.
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19
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Mao Y, Weng J, Xie Q, Wu L, Xuan Y, Zhang J, Han J. Association between dietary inflammatory index and Stroke in the US population: evidence from NHANES 1999-2018. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:50. [PMID: 38166986 PMCID: PMC10763382 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasing awareness that diet-related inflammation may have an impact on the stroke. Herein, our goal was to decipher the association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) with stroke in the US general population. METHODS We collected the cross-sectional data of 44,019 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. The association of DII with stroke was estimated using weighted multivariate logistic regression, with its nonlinearity being examined by restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was applied for identifying key stroke-related dietary factors, which was then included in the establishment of a risk prediction nomogram model, with the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve being built to evaluate its discriminatory power for stroke. RESULTS After confounder adjustment, the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for stroke across higher DII quartiles were 1.19 (0.94-1.54), 1.46 (1.16-1.84), and 1.87 (1.53-2.29) compared to the lowest quartile, respectively. The RCS curve showed a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke. The nomogram model based on key dietary factors identified by LASSO regression displayed a considerable predicative value for stroke, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 79.8% (78.2-80.1%). CONCLUSIONS Our study determined a nonlinear and positive association between DII and stroke in the US general population. Given the intrinsic limitations of cross-sectional study design, it is necessary to conduct more research to ensure the causality of such association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukang Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiayi Weng
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiyang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Lida Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanling Xuan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, 215008, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Wuxi Fifth Hospital of Jiangnan University, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wuxi, 214065, Wuxi, China.
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20
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Bertin B, Foligne B, Ley D, Lesage J, Beghin L, Morcel J, Gottrand F, Hermann E. An Overview of the Influence of Breastfeeding on the Development of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:5103. [PMID: 38140362 PMCID: PMC10745409 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The first 1000 days of life is a critical period that contributes significantly to the programming of an individual's future health. Among the many changes that occur during this period early in life, there is growing evidence that the establishment of healthy gut microbiota plays an important role in the prevention of both short- and long-term health problems. Numerous publications suggest that the quality of the gut microbiota colonisation depends on several dietary factors, including breastfeeding. In this respect, a relationship between breastfeeding and the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been suggested. IBDs are chronic intestinal diseases, and perinatal factors may be partly responsible for their onset. We review the existence of links between breastfeeding and IBD based on experimental and clinical studies. Overall, despite encouraging experimental data in rodents, the association between breastfeeding and the development of IBD remains controversial in humans, partly due to the considerable heterogeneity between clinical studies. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding is probably decisive for its lasting effect on IBD. Thus, specific improvements in our knowledge could support dietary interventions targeting the gut microbiome, such as the early use of prebiotics, probiotics or postbiotics, in order to prevent the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bertin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Benoit Foligne
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Delphine Ley
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Jean Lesage
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Laurent Beghin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jules Morcel
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Gottrand
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, CIC-1403 Inserm-CHU, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Hermann
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286-INFINITE-Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France; (B.B.); (B.F.); (D.L.); (J.L.); (L.B.); (J.M.); (F.G.)
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21
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Tosi M, Montanari C, Bona F, Tricella C, Agostinelli M, Dolor J, Chillemi C, Di Profio E, Tagi VM, Vizzuso S, Fiore G, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Dietary Inflammatory Potential in Pediatric Diseases: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:5095. [PMID: 38140353 PMCID: PMC10745369 DOI: 10.3390/nu15245095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory status is one of the main drivers in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Specific unhealthy dietary patterns and the growing consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) may influence the inflammation process, which negatively modulates the gut microbiota and increases the risk of NCDs. Moreover, several chronic health conditions require special long-term dietary treatment, characterized by altered ratios of the intake of nutrients or by the consumption of disease-specific foods. In this narrative review, we aimed to collect the latest evidence on the pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in children affected by multifactorial diseases but also on the dietetic approaches used as treatment for specific diseases. Considering multifactorial diet-related diseases, the triggering effect of pro-inflammatory diets has been addressed for metabolic syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases, and the latter for adults only. Future research is required on multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, and pediatric cancer, in which the role of inflammation is emerging. For diseases requiring special diets, the role of single or multiple foods, possibly associated with inflammation, was assessed, but more studies are needed. The evidence collected highlighted the need for health professionals to consider the entire dietary pattern, providing balanced and healthy diets not only to permit the metabolic control of the disease itself, but also to prevent the development of NCDs in adolescence and adulthood. Personalized nutritional approaches, in close collaboration between the hospital, country, and families, must always be promoted together with the development of new methods for the assessment of pro-inflammatory dietary habits in pediatric age and the implementation of telemedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Tosi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Chiara Montanari
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bona
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chiara Tricella
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Marta Agostinelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Jonabell Dolor
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Claudia Chillemi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Elisabetta Di Profio
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Veronica Maria Tagi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sara Vizzuso
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy; (M.T.); (C.M.); (F.B.); (C.T.); (M.A.); (J.D.); (C.C.); (E.D.P.); (V.M.T.); (S.V.); (G.Z.)
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20146 Milan, Italy;
- Metabolic Diseases Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 20154 Milan, Italy
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22
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Hirose M, Sekar P, Eladham MWA, Albataineh MT, Rahmani M, Ibrahim SM. Interaction between mitochondria and microbiota modulating cellular metabolism in inflammatory bowel disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:1513-1526. [PMID: 37819377 PMCID: PMC10698103 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02381-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a prototypic complex disease in the gastrointestinal tract that has been increasing in incidence and prevalence in recent decades. Although the precise pathophysiology of IBD remains to be elucidated, a large body of evidence suggests the critical roles of mitochondria and intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. In addition to their contributions to the disease, both mitochondria and gut microbes may interact with each other and modulate disease-causing cell activities. Therefore, we hypothesize that dissecting this unique interaction may help to identify novel pathways involved in IBD, which will further contribute to discovering new therapeutic approaches to the disease. As poorly treated IBD significantly affects the quality of life of patients and is associated with risks and complications, successful treatment is crucial. In this review, we stratify previously reported experimental and clinical observations of the role of mitochondria and intestinal microbiota in IBD. Additionally, we review the intercommunication between mitochondria, and the intestinal microbiome in patients with IBD is reviewed along with the potential mediators for these interactions. We specifically focus on their roles in cellular metabolism in intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells. To this end, we propose a potential therapeutic intervention strategy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Hirose
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Priyadharshini Sekar
- Sharjah Institute of Medical Research, RIMHS, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohammad T Albataineh
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Rahmani
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saleh Mohamed Ibrahim
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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23
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Urlep D, Orel R, Kunstek P, Benedik E. Treatment of Active Crohn's Disease in Children Using Partial Enteral Nutrition Combined with a Modified Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Trial on Clinical and Endoscopic Outcomes. Nutrients 2023; 15:4676. [PMID: 37960328 PMCID: PMC10650058 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Partial enteral nutrition (PEN) coupled with the Crohn's disease (CD) exclusion diet (CDED) was shown to be effective in inducing clinical remission in paediatric CD. There are currently no robust data on the endoscopic outcomes of PEN. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and endoscopic rates of remission after PEN combined with a modified CDED (mCDED) adjusted to the local cuisine in comparison with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) for the induction of remission. METHODS Between June 2017 and February 2021, a prospective cohort study on children with active CD, treated with PEN + mCDED or EEN, was performed at a single tertiary centre. RESULTS During the study period, 54 patients were screened and 15 were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, with six patients excluded in the first two days due to intolerance of the enteral formula. Fourteen patients were included in the PEN and 19 in the EEN group. They were assessed at Weeks 0, 1, 3 and 6, using clinical and laboratory parameters. Endoscopy was performed at Weeks 0 and 6. Clinical remission rates per protocol analysis were 84.6% in the PEN group and 81.3% in the EEN group (p = 0.99). At Week 6, an endoscopic response (a decline in the Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) > 50%) was observed in 84.6% of patients on PEN and in 68.8% on EEN treatment (p = 0.41). Endoscopic remission (SES-CD ≤ 2) was achieved in 53.8% of patients in the PEN group and in 50.0% in the EEN group (p = 0.99), while the mucosal healing rates (SES-CD = 0) were 38.5% with PEN and 43.8% with EEN (p = 0.99). A significant decline in the clinical and endoscopic activity scores was observed in both groups. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that PEN + mCDED could be effective in inducing endoscopic remission and mucosal healing in active paediatric CD patients. Here, we present an analysis of the data from our cohort of patients and our real-world experience with PEN + mCDED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darja Urlep
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.U.); (R.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Rok Orel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.U.); (R.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Patricija Kunstek
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.U.); (R.O.); (P.K.)
| | - Evgen Benedik
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Children’s Hospital Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (D.U.); (R.O.); (P.K.)
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Liu GXH, Day AS. Plant-based Diets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: What Is the Evidence? Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023:izad213. [PMID: 37748206 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic incurable condition that carries a high morbidity burden for patients. Plant-based diets have emerged as a potentially safe and effective treatment strategy for this condition. However, no attempt has been made to summarize the literature in this field. In this review, we aim to define variants of plant-based diets that have been studied, evaluate their findings, and identify knowledge gaps that warrant further investigation. METHODS A literature search was conducted on MEDLINE and Embase. RESULTS Twenty-three studies with 2304 participants were included in this review. Eleven studies (48%) were case reports and 8 (35%) were single-arm trials. Semivegetarian diets were the most commonly studied plant-based diet (n = 14, 61%). Most studies reported that plant-based diets were safe and effective in managing inflammatory bowel disease. However, significant limitations restrict the quality and interpretability of these findings, including a paucity of controlled data, small sample sizes, and inconsistent reporting of dietary adherence. CONCLUSIONS Although initial findings appear promising, it remains unclear whether plant-based diets are an effective adjunct or sole therapy for managing inflammatory bowel disease. Future investigators should aim to conduct methodologically rigorous interventional trials with appropriate control data and consistent and meaningful outcome reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon X H Liu
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew S Day
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
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He H, Liu C, Chen M, Guo X, Li X, Xiang Z, Liao F, Dong W. Effect of Dietary Patterns on Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Machine Learning Bibliometric and Visualization Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3442. [PMID: 37571379 PMCID: PMC10420952 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to analyze the related research on the influence of dietary patterns on IBD carried out over the past 30 years to obtain the context of the research field and to provide a scientific basis and guidance for the prevention and treatment of IBD. METHODS The literature on the effects of dietary patterns on inflammatory bowel disease published over the past three decades was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, the R software (version 4.3.0) bibliometrix package, the OALM platform, and other tools were used for the analyses. RESULTS The growth of scientific papers related to this topic can be divided into two stages: before and after 2006. Overall, the growth of the relevant literature was in line with Price's literature growth curve. Subrata Ghosh and Antonio Gasbarrini are the authors with the highest academic influence in the field, and Lee D.'s research results are widely recognized by researchers in this field. Among the 72 countries involved in the study, the United States contributed the most, while China developed rapidly with regard to research being carried out in this area. From a regional perspective, countries and institutions in North America, Europe, and East Asia have made the most significant contributions to this field and have the closest cooperation. Among the 1074 articles included in the study, the most influential ones tended to consider the mechanism of the effect of dietary patterns on IBD from the perspective of the microbiome. Multiple tools were used for keyword analysis and mutual verification. The results showed that NF-κB, the Mediterranean diet, fatty acids, fecal microbiota, etc., are the focus and trends of current research. CONCLUSIONS A Mediterranean-like dietary pattern may be a good dietary habit for IBD patients. Carbohydrates, fatty acids, and inulin-type fructans are closely related to IBD. Fatty acid, gut microbiota, NF-κB, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress are the hot topics in the study of the effects of dietary patterns on IBD and will be emerging research trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Meilin Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Xingzhou Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Xiangyun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Zixuan Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
| | - Fei Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
- Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China; (H.H.); (C.L.); (M.C.); (X.G.); (X.L.); (Z.X.)
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Dufrusine B, Di Lisio C, Maurizio A, Sallese M, De Laurenzi V, Dainese E. Influence of food emulsifiers on cellular function and inflammation, a preliminary study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1197686. [PMID: 37599692 PMCID: PMC10434242 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1197686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Emulsifiers are extensively used as food additives and their consumption is increasing in Western countries. However, so far only few studies examined their potential effects on intestinal cellular functions and gut inflammation. The aim of this preliminary analysis was to study the emulsifiers and their concentrations capable of causing cellular damage compared to extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). We tested two commonly used emulsifiers (EMI, EMII) and EVOO on Caco-2 cells, derived from a colon carcinoma and widely used as a model of the intestinal inflammation. The diphenyltetrazolium bromide test MTT and clonogenic assay were used to study the effect of emulsifiers on cell viability. Cell migration was determined by the wound-healing assay. The inflammation was studied by measuring the levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), multifunctional cytokines with a major role in the acute-phase response. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of conditioned media of Caco-2 cells treated with EMs on macrophages activation. In conclusion, our preliminary data provide evidence that EMs increase the proliferation and migration rate of Caco-2 cells. Moreover, Caco-2 cells treated with EMs enhance the IL-6 and CCL2 release and activated macrophages, supporting their role as proinflammatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Dufrusine
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Sallese
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Laurenzi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Enrico Dainese
- Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
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Almási N, Török S, Al-awar A, Veszelka M, Király L, Börzsei D, Szabó R, Varga C. Voluntary Exercise-Mediated Protection in TNBS-Induced Rat Colitis: The Involvement of NETosis and Prdx Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1531. [PMID: 37627526 PMCID: PMC10451893 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are autoimmune disorders of the gut. It is increasingly clear that voluntary exercise (VE) may exert protection against IBDs, but the exact background mechanism needs to be elucidated. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the possible role of NETosis and the antioxidant peroxiredoxin (Prdx) enzyme family in VE-induced protection. Wistar Han rats were randomly divided into two groups: sedentary (SED) and VE. After the 6-week voluntary wheel running, animals were treated with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) as a model of colitis. Here, we found that VE significantly decreased inflammation and ulceration of the colon in the VE TNBS group compared with SED TNBS. We also found that VE significantly decreased the expression of protein arginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and markedly reduced citrullinated histone H3 (citH3) compared with SED TNBS. Furthermore, VE caused a significant increase in the levels of Prdx6 in the control and TNBS groups. Taken together, we found that a prior 6-week VE effectively reduces inflammation in TNBS-induced colitis, and we suggest that the protective effect of VE may be mediated via the inhibition of NETosis and upregulation of Prdx6 antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoletta Almási
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Szilvia Török
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Amin Al-awar
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Médea Veszelka
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - László Király
- Zala-Cereália Kft, H-8790 Zalaszentgrót-Tüskeszentpéter, Hungary;
| | - Denise Börzsei
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Renáta Szabó
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
| | - Csaba Varga
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary; (S.T.); (A.A.-a.); (M.V.); (D.B.); (R.S.); (C.V.)
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Magen-Rimon R, Day AS, Shaoul R. Nutritional aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:731-740. [PMID: 37384423 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2231340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of people diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase in most parts of the world. Although the exact etiology of this chronic intestinal disease is not fully understood, nutritional factors appear to play key roles. Furthermore, individuals with IBD are at increased risk of adverse nutritional impacts, including micronutrient deficiencies. AREAS COVERED This review aims to summarize recent reports focusing on nutritional factors relevant to the development of IBD and to also review data on nutritional deficiencies seen in individuals with IBD. EXPERT OPINION The typical western diet, characterized by high-fat/high-sugar foods, along with food additives, appears to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of IBD. In contrast, some reports indicate that some foods are likely protective. However, there are inconsistencies in the currently available data, reflecting study design and other confounding factors. Furthermore, some of the conclusions are inferred from animal or in vitro studies. The presence of IBD can compromise the nutrition of individuals with one of these disorders: ongoing monitoring is critical. Nutrition and diet in the setting of IBD remain key areas for further and ongoing study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramit Magen-Rimon
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Andrew S Day
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ron Shaoul
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
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Noble AJ, Nowak JK, Adams AT, Uhlig HH, Satsangi J. Defining Interactions Between the Genome, Epigenome, and the Environment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Progress and Prospects. Gastroenterology 2023; 165:44-60.e2. [PMID: 37062395 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.03.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have highlighted the complex interplay between the genome, the epigenome, and the environment. Despite the exciting advances in genomics that have enabled the identification of over 200 susceptibility loci, these only account for a small proportion of the disease variance and the estimated heritability in IBD. It is likely that gene-environment (GxE) interactions contribute to "missing heritability" and these may act through epigenetic mechanisms. Several environmental factors, such as the microbiome, nutrition, and tobacco smoking, induce alterations in the epigenome of children and adults, which may impact disease susceptibility. Other mechanisms for GxE interactions are also directly pertinent in early life. We discuss a model in which environmental factors imprint disease risk in a window of susceptibility during infancy that may contribute to later disease onset, whereas other elements of the exposome act later in life and contribute directly to the pathogenesis and course of the disease. Understanding the mechanisms underlying GxE interactions may provide the basis for new therapeutic targets or preventative strategies for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Noble
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Jan K Nowak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alex T Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Department of Pediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Biomedical Research Center, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Saracino IM, Spisni E, Imbesi V, Ricci C, Dussias NK, Alvisi P, Gionchetti P, Rizzello F, Valerii MC. The Bidirectional Link between Nutritional Factors and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Dietary Deficits, Habits, and Recommended Interventions-A Narrative Review. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101987. [PMID: 37238805 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases comprise Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two chronic inflammatory disorders of the digestive tract that develop in adolescence and early adulthood and show a rising pattern in industrialized societies, as well as in developing countries, being strongly influenced by environmental pressures such as nutrition, pollution and lifestyle behaviors. Here, we provide a narrative review of the bidirectional link between nutritional factors and IBD, of dietary deficits observed in IBD patients due to both the disease itself and dietary habits, and of the suggested nutritional interventions. Research of the literature was conducted. Clinical and basic research studies consistently demonstrate that diet could alter the risk of developing IBD in predisposed individuals. On the other hand, dietary interventions represent a valid tool in support of conventional therapies to control IBD symptoms, rebalance states of malnutrition, promote/maintain clinical remission and improve patients' quality of life. Although there are no official dietary guidelines for patients with IBD, they should receive nutritional advice and undergo oral, enteral, or parenteral nutritional supplementation if needed. However, the dietary management of malnutrition in IBD patients is complex; future clinical studies are required to standardize its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Maria Saracino
- Microbiology Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Veronica Imbesi
- Department of Medical and Surgical and Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Ricci
- Gastroenterology Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Piazza del Mercato 15, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Nikolas Konstantine Dussias
- IBD Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Alvisi
- Pediatric Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paolo Gionchetti
- IBD Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fernando Rizzello
- IBD Unit, IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Valerii
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Huang C, Tan H, Song M, Liu K, Liu H, Wang J, Shi Y, Hou F, Zhou Q, Huang R, Shen B, Lin X, Qin X, Zhi F. Maternal Western diet mediates susceptibility of offspring to Crohn's-like colitis by deoxycholate generation. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:96. [PMID: 37131223 PMCID: PMC10155335 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01546-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Western dietary pattern, characterized by high consumption of fats and sugars, has been strongly associated with an increased risk of developing Crohn's disease (CD). However, the potential impact of maternal obesity or prenatal exposure to a Western diet on offspring's susceptibility to CD remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of a maternal high-fat/high-sugar Western-style diet (WD) on offspring's susceptibility to 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced Crohn's-like colitis. METHODS Maternal dams were fed either a WD or a normal control diet (ND) for eight weeks prior to mating and continued throughout gestation and lactation. Post-weaning, the offspring were subjected to WD and ND to create four groups: ND-born offspring fed a normal diet (N-N) or Western diet (N-W), and WD-born offspring fed a normal (W-N) or Western diet (W-W). At eight weeks of age, they were administered TNBS to induce a CD model. RESULTS Our findings revealed that the W-N group exhibited more severe intestinal inflammation than the N-N group, as demonstrated by a lower survival rate, increased weight loss, and a shorter colon length. The W-N group displayed a significant increase in Bacteroidetes, which was accompanied by an accumulation of deoxycholic acid (DCA). Further experimentation confirmed an increased generation of DCA in mice colonized with gut microbes from the W-N group. Moreover, DCA administration aggravated TNBS-induced colitis by promoting Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1beta (IL-1β) production in macrophages. Importantly, the deletion of GSDMD effectively restrains the effect of DCA on TNBS-induced colitis. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that a maternal Western-style diet can alter gut microbiota composition and bile acid metabolism in mouse offspring, leading to an increased susceptibility to CD-like colitis. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the long-term consequences of maternal diet on offspring health and may have implications for the prevention and management of Crohn's disease. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huishi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Shi
- Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyi Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghai Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlong Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fachao Zhi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Li L, Peng P, Ding N, Jia W, Huang C, Tang Y. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Gut Dysbiosis: What Can Polyphenols Do in Inflammatory Bowel Disease? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040967. [PMID: 37107341 PMCID: PMC10135842 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a long-term, progressive, and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disorder. The pathogenic mechanisms of IBD are multifaceted and associated with oxidative stress, unbalanced gut microbiota, and aberrant immune response. Indeed, oxidative stress can affect the progression and development of IBD by regulating the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and immune response. Therefore, redox-targeted therapy is a promising treatment option for IBD. Recent evidence has verified that Chinese herbal medicine (CHM)-derived polyphenols, natural antioxidants, are able to maintain redox equilibrium in the intestinal tract to prevent abnormal gut microbiota and radical inflammatory responses. Here, we provide a comprehensive perspective for implementing natural antioxidants as potential IBD candidate medications. In addition, we demonstrate novel technologies and stratagems for promoting the antioxidative properties of CHM-derived polyphenols, including novel delivery systems, chemical modifications, and combination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Peilan Peng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wenhui Jia
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital and Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Tang
- School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
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Pereira SE, Rossoni C, Cambi MPC, Faria SL, Mattos FCC, De Campos TBF, Petry TBZ, Da Silva SA, Pereira AZ, Umeda LM, Nogueira C, De Araújo Burgos MGP, Magro DO. Brazilian guide to nutrition in bariatric and metabolic surgery. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2023; 408:143. [PMID: 37039877 DOI: 10.1007/s00423-023-02868-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Brazilian nutrition recommendations for bariatric and metabolic surgery aim to provide knowledge, based on scientific evidence, on nutritional practices related to different surgical techniques in the surgical treatment of obesity and metabolic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out with the appropriate MeSH terms using Medline/Pubmed/LiLACS and the Cochrane database, with the established criteria being based on the inclusion of articles according to the degree of recommendation and strength of evidence of the Classification of Recommendations, Evaluation, Development, and Evaluation System (GRADE). RESULTS The recommendations that make up this guide were gathered to assist in the individualized clinical practice of nutritionists in the nutritional management of patients with obesity, including nutritional management in the intragastric balloon; pre and postoperative nutritional treatment and supplementation in bariatric and metabolic surgeries (adolescents, adults, elderly, pregnant women, and vegetarians); hypoglycemia and reactive hyperinsulinemia; and recurrence of obesity, gut microbiota, and inflammatory bowel diseases. CONCLUSION We believe that this guide of recommendations will play a decisive role in the clinical practice of nutritionists who work in bariatric and metabolic surgery, with its implementation in health services, thus promoting quality and safety in the treatment of patients with obesity. The concept of precision nutrition is expected to change the way we understand and treat these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Elaine Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Carina Rossoni
- Faculty of Medicine (ISAMB), Instituto of Environmental Health, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Silvia Leite Faria
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Alves Da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Nutritional in Bariatric Surgery, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Mela Umeda
- Medical Residency Program in Endrocrinology and Metabology, Ipiranga Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Nogueira
- Postgraduate Program in Human Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Inflammation and malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8:579-590. [PMID: 36933563 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, has become increasingly prevalent worldwide in the past decade. The nutritional status of patients with IBD is often impaired, with malnutrition presenting as imbalanced energy or nutrient intake, including protein-energy malnutrition, disease-related malnutrition, sarcopenia, and micronutrient deficiency. Additionally, malnutrition can manifest as overweight, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity. Malnutrition can lead to disturbances in gut microbiome composition that might alter homoeostasis and cause a dysbiotic state, potentially triggering inflammatory responses. Despite the clear link between IBD and malnutrition, little is known about the pathophysiological mechanisms beyond protein-energy malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies that could promote inflammation through malnutrition, and vice versa. This Review focuses on potential mechanisms that trigger a vicious cycle between malnutrition and inflammation, and their clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Zhou Y, Wang D, Yan W. Treatment Effects of Natural Products on Inflammatory Bowel Disease In Vivo and Their Mechanisms: Based on Animal Experiments. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15041031. [PMID: 36839389 PMCID: PMC9967064 DOI: 10.3390/nu15041031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory disease of the intestine that can be classified as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Currently, the incidence of IBD is still increasing in developing countries. However, current treatments for IBD have limitations and do not fully meet the needs of patients. There is a growing demand for new, safe, and highly effective alternative drugs for IBD patients. Natural products (NPs) are used in drug development and disease treatment because of their broad biological activity, low toxicity, and low side effects. Numerous studies have shown that some NPs have strong therapeutic effects on IBD. In this paper, we first reviewed the pathogenesis of IBD as well as current therapeutic approaches and drugs. Further, we summarized the therapeutic effects of 170 different sources of NPs on IBD and generalized their modes of action and therapeutic effects. Finally, we analyzed the potential mechanisms of NPs for the treatment of IBD. The aim of our review is to provide a systematic and credible summary, thus supporting the research on NPs for the treatment of IBD and providing a theoretical basis for the development and application of NPs in drugs and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxi Zhou
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Diandian Wang
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
| | - Wenjie Yan
- College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, Beijing Union University, Beijing 100023, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6238-8926
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36
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Haneishi Y, Furuya Y, Hasegawa M, Picarelli A, Rossi M, Miyamoto J. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043817. [PMID: 36835245 PMCID: PMC9958622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, the incidence of which has rapidly increased worldwide, especially in developing and Western countries. Recent research has suggested that genetic factors, the environment, microbiota, and immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis; however, the underlying causes of IBD are unclear. Recently, gut microbiota dysbiosis, especially a decrease in the abundance and diversity of specific genera, has been suggested as a trigger for IBD-initiating events. Improving the gut microbiota and identifying the specific bacterial species in IBD are essential for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of IBD and autoimmune diseases. Here, we review the different aspects of the role played by gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD and provide a theoretical basis for modulating gut microbiota through probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Haneishi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuma Furuya
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Hasegawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Antonio Picarelli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Rossi
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Junki Miyamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu-shi 183-8509, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-42-367-5684
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Reznikov EA, Suskind DL. Current Nutritional Therapies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Improving Clinical Remission Rates and Sustainability of Long-Term Dietary Therapies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030668. [PMID: 36771373 PMCID: PMC9920576 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) includes a spectrum of chronic immune-mediated intestinal diseases thought to be related to the complex interaction between the host immune system and the intestinal microbiome. Research supports the use of nutritional therapy in IBD; however, it is not routinely used in clinical practice. This literature review seeks to advance the understanding of diet and its effect in IBD with a focus on both Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). The contribution of diet to the development and treatment of IBD cannot be overstated. In both pediatric as well as adult IBD, nutritional interventions have been shown to improve clinical symptoms as well as inflammatory burden. The impact of dietary intervention is best exemplified through the use of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition (EEN) in CD. EEN and clinical research on exclusionary whole food diets-Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diet, and Mediterranean Diet-are discussed within this review. Current clinical literature supports the elimination of detrimental components and the incorporation of low processed whole foods in the diet. Additional prospective and longitudinal dietary studies on sustainable and long-term dietary options, along with a deeper understanding of the mechanism, are needed to further advance the role of nutritional interventions in IBD.
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Zhao XC, Xue CJ, Song H, Gao BH, Han FS, Xiao SX. Bowel inflammatory presentations on computed tomography in adult patients with severe aplastic anemia during flared inflammatory episodes. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:576-597. [PMID: 36793625 PMCID: PMC9923849 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i3.576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) frequently present with inflammatory episodes, and during flared inflammatory episodes, hematopoietic function is further exacerbated. The gastrointestinal tract is the most common site for infectious and inflammatory diseases, and its structural and functional features confer on it the most potent capacity to affect hematopoietic and immune functions. Computed tomography (CT) is a readily accessible approach to provide highly useful information in detecting morphological changes and guiding further work-ups.
AIM To explore CT imaging presentations of gut inflammatory damage in adult SAA patients during inflammatory episodes.
METHODS We retrospectively evaluated the abdominal CT imaging presentations of 17 hospitalized adult patients with SAA in search of the inflammatory niche when they presented with systemic inflammatory stress and exacerbated hematopoietic function. In this descriptive manuscript, the characteristic images that suggested the presence of gastrointestinal inflammatory damage and related imaging presentations of individual patients were enumerated, analyzed and described.
RESULTS All eligible patients with SAA had CT imaging abnormalities that suggested the presence of an impaired intestinal barrier and increased epithelial permeability. The inflammatory damages were concurrently present in the small intestine, the ileocecal region and the large intestines. Some readily identified imaging signs, such as bowel wall thickening with mural stratification (“water holo sign”, “fat holo sign”, intramural gas and subserosal pneumatosis) and mesenteric fat proliferation (fat stranding and “creeping fat sign”), fibrotic bowel wall thickening, “balloon sign”, rugged colonic configuration, heterogeneity in the bowel wall texture, and adhered and clustered small bowel loop (including various patterns of “abdominal cocoon”), occurred at a high incidence, which suggested that the damaged gastrointestinal tract is a common inflammatory niche responsible for the systemic inflammatory stresses and the exacerbated hematopoietic failure in patients with SAA. Particularly, the “fat holo sign” was present in 7 patients, a rugged colonic configuration was present in 10 patients, the adhesive bowel loop was present in 15 patients, and extraintestinal manifestations suggestive of tuberculosis infections were present in 5 patients. According to the imaging features, a suggestive diagnosis of Crohn’s disease was made in 5 patients, ulcerative colitis in 1 patient, chronic periappendiceal abscess in 1 patient, and tuberculosis infection in 5 patients. Other patients were diagnosed with chronic enteroclolitis with acutely aggravated inflammatory damage.
CONCLUSION Patients with SAA had CT imaging patterns that suggested the presence of active chronic inflammatory conditions and aggravated inflammatory damage during flared inflammatory episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Chen Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cheng-Jiang Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bin-Han Gao
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fu-Shen Han
- Department of Pneumology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shu-Xin Xiao
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
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Phuong-Nguyen K, McNeill BA, Aston-Mourney K, Rivera LR. Advanced Glycation End-Products and Their Effects on Gut Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020405. [PMID: 36678276 PMCID: PMC9867518 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of compounds formed when reducing sugars are heated with proteins, amino acids, or lipids at high temperatures for a prolonged period. The presence and accumulation of AGEs in numerous cell types and tissues are known to be prevalent in the pathology of many diseases. Modern diets, which contain a high proportion of processed foods and therefore a high level of AGE, cause deleterious effects leading to a multitude of unregulated intracellular and extracellular signalling and inflammatory pathways. Currently, many studies focus on investigating the chemical and structural aspects of AGEs and how they affect the metabolism and the cardiovascular and renal systems. Studies have also shown that AGEs affect the digestive system. However, there is no complete picture of the implication of AGEs in this area. The gastrointestinal tract is not only the first and principal site for the digestion and absorption of dietary AGEs but also one of the most susceptible organs to AGEs, which may exert many local and systemic effects. In this review, we summarise the current evidence of the association between a high-AGE diet and poor health outcomes, with a special focus on the relationship between dietary AGEs and alterations in the gastrointestinal structure, modifications in enteric neurons, and microbiota reshaping.
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Estevinho MM, Lobatón T, Noor N, Rodríguez-Lago I. Editorial: Current trends and future management of IBD. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1195201. [PMID: 37122323 PMCID: PMC10133690 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1195201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Manuela Estevinho
- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Triana Lobatón
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nurulamin Noor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Iago Rodríguez-Lago
- Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Universitario de Galdakao, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Galdakao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Iago Rodríguez-Lago
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Panufnik P, Więcek M, Kaniewska M, Lewandowski K, Szwarc P, Rydzewska G. Selected Aspects of Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234965. [PMID: 36500995 PMCID: PMC9737796 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease has become a global health problem at the turn of the 21st century. The pathogenesis of this disorder has not been fully explained. In addition to non-modifiable genetic factors, a number of modifiable factors such as diet or gut microbiota have been identified. In this paper, the authors focus on the role of nutrition in the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease as well as on the available options to induce disease remission by means of dietary interventions such as exclusive and partial enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease, the efficacy of which is reported to be comparable to that of steroid therapy. Diet is also important in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the remission stage, during which some patients report irritable bowel disease-like symptoms. In these patients, the effectiveness of diets restricting the intake of oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Panufnik
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Martyna Więcek
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kaniewska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Konrad Lewandowski
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paulina Szwarc
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Grażyna Rydzewska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (G.R.)
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Vissers E, Wellens J, Sabino J. Ultra-processed foods as a possible culprit for the rising prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1058373. [PMID: 36419796 PMCID: PMC9676654 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1058373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and the exact pathogenesis is still unclear. It is believed that IBD develops in response to a complex interaction between the microbiota, environmental factors, and the immune system, in genetically predisposed individuals. Identifying these environmental factors will offer more insight in the development of the disease, and reveal new therapeutic targets for IBD patients. One of the environmental factors that has gained more interest over the last years is our diet. The prevalence of IBD has increased significantly and this increase is thought to be associated with a ‘Western diet', characterized by high intake of fats, added sugar, meat, and ultra-processed foods (UPFs). The UPFs now account for almost 50% of the energy intake in Westernized countries and are therefore an important characteristic of this Western diet. UPFs are characterized by higher amounts of salt, fat, sugar and the presence of different food additives. Epidemiological studies have found associations between UPF intake and a range of non-communicable diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that non-nutritive ingredients and additives, present in UPFs, can negatively affect different components of the intestinal barrier, such as the microbiota, the mucus layer, the epithelium, and the immune cells in the lamina propria. Disruption of this barrier can cause the immune system to encounter an increased bacterial exposure, leading to an aberrant immune response. In this article, the available evidence on the possible role of UPFs and their components in the increasing incidence and prevalence of IBD is reviewed. These findings can be translated to the clinic and may be helpful to consider when giving dietary advice to IBD patients. A better understanding of the role of UPFs may lead to less restrictive diets for patients with IBD, hence increasing the dietary compliance and efficacy of exclusion diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vissers
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Judith Wellens
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - João Sabino
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- *Correspondence: João Sabino
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