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Zeng W, Shen D, Wu W, Zhang S, Li Z, Zhang D. Involvement of a catalase gene in lignin catalysis and immune defense against pathogenic fungus in Coptotermes formosanus: a potential new target for termite control. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3258-3268. [PMID: 38358092 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detoxifying enzymes are likely involved in lignin feeding and immune defense mechanisms within termites, rendering them potential targets for biological control. However, investigations into the dual functionality of termite detoxification enzymes in vivo have not been documented. RESULTS In this study, the complete cDNA of the catalase gene (Cfcat) derived from Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki was amplified. CFCAT comprises an open reading frame spanning 1527 bp, encoding a 508-amino acid sequence. The highest expression was observed in the epidermal tissues (including the fat body and hemolymph) followed by the foregut/salivary gland. Furthermore, we confirmed the catalase activity of the recombinant Cfcat protein. Using RNA interference (RNAi) technology, the importance of Cfcat in the lignin-feeding of C. formosanus was demonstrated, and the role of Cfcat in innate immunity was investigated. Survival assays showed that Cfcat RNAi significantly increased the susceptibility of C. formosanus to Metarhizium anisopliae. Irrespective of the infection status, Cfcat inhibition had a significant impact on multiple factors of humoral and intestinal immunity in C. formosanus. Notably, Cfcat RNAi exhibited a more pronounced immunosuppressive effect on humoral immunity than on intestinal immunity. CONCLUSION Cfcat plays an important role in the regulation of innate immunity and lignin feeding in C. formosanus. Cfcat RNAi can weaken the immune response of termites against M. anisopliae, which may aid the biocontrol efficiency of M. anisopliae against C. formosanus. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for the development of a novel biocontrol strategy targeting detoxifying enzymes of termites. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danni Shen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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2
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Fan C, Yang X, Yan L, Shi Z. Oxidative stress is two-sided in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6806. [PMID: 38715546 PMCID: PMC11077289 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress caused by elevated ROS, as a novel therapeutic mechanism, has been implicated in various tumors including AML. AML cells are chronically under oxidative stress, yet overreliance on ROS production makes tumor cells increasingly vulnerable to further damage. Reducing the cytotoxic effect of ROS on normal cells while killing leukemia stem cell (LSC) with high levels of reactive oxygen species is a new challenge for oxidative stress therapy in leukemia. METHODS By searching literature databases, we summarized recent relevant studies. The relationship of ROS on AML genes, signaling pathways, and transcription factors, and the correlation of ROS with AML bone marrow microenvironment and autophagy were summarized. In addition, we summarize the current status of research on ROS and AML therapeutics. Finally, we discuss the research progress on redox resistance in AML. RESULTS This review discusses the evidence showing the link between redox reactions and the progression of AML and compiles the latest research findings that will facilitate future biological studies of redox effects associated with AML treatment. CONCLUSION We believe that exploiting this unique oxidative stress property of AML cells may provide a new way to prevent relapse and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Lixiang Yan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
| | - Zhexin Shi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and MoxibustionTianjinChina
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3
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Shi Z, Li X, Chen J, Dai Z, Zhu Y, Wu T, Liu Q, Qin H, Zhang Y, Chen H. Enzyme-like biomimetic oral-agent enabling modulating gut microbiota and restoring redox homeostasis to treat inflammatory bowel disease. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:167-180. [PMID: 38318229 PMCID: PMC10839225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), immune dysregulation-induced inflammatory outbreaks and microbial imbalance play critical roles in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, a novel enzyme-like biomimetic oral-agent ZnPBA@YCW has been developed, using yeast cell wall (YCW) as the outer shell and zinc-doped Prussian blue analogue (ZnPBA) nanozyme inside. When orally administered, the ZnPBA@YCW is able to adhere to Escherichia coli occupying the ecological niche in IBD and subsequently release the ZnPBA nanozyme for removal of E. coli, meanwhile exhibiting improved intestinal epithelial barrier repair. Moreover, it is found that the ZnPBA nanozyme exhibits remarkable capability in restoring redox homeostasis by scavenging ROS and inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. More importantly, the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing results indicate that post-oral of ZnPBA@YCW can effectively regulate gut microbiota by enhancing the bacterial richness and diversity, significantly increasing the abundance of probiotics with anti-inflammatory phenotype while downgrading pathogenic E. coli to the same level as normal mice. Such a novel nanomedicine provides a new idea for efficient treating those ROS-mediated diseases accompanying with flora disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangpeng Shi
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Jufeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Zideng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Tan Wu
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Hangrong Chen
- Nanotechnology and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, PR China
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Basu R, Preat T, Plaçais PY. Glial metabolism versatility regulates mushroom body-driven behavioral output in Drosophila. Learn Mem 2024; 31:a053823. [PMID: 38862167 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053823.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Providing metabolic support to neurons is now recognized as a major function of glial cells that is conserved from invertebrates to vertebrates. However, research in this field has focused for more than two decades on the relevance of lactate and glial glycolysis for neuronal energy metabolism, while overlooking many other facets of glial metabolism and their impact on neuronal physiology, circuit activity, and behavior. Here, we review recent work that has unveiled new features of glial metabolism, especially in Drosophila, in the modulation of behavioral traits involving the mushroom bodies (MBs). These recent findings reveal that spatially and biochemically distinct modes of glucose-derived neuronal fueling are implemented within the MB in a memory type-specific manner. In addition, cortex glia are endowed with several antioxidant functions, whereas astrocytes can serve as pro-oxidant agents that are beneficial to redox signaling underlying long-term memory. Finally, glial fatty acid oxidation seems to play a dual fail-safe role: first, as a mode of energy production upon glucose shortage, and, second, as a factor underlying the clearance of excessive oxidative load during sleep. Altogether, these integrated studies performed in Drosophila indicate that glial metabolism has a deterministic role on behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchira Basu
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Preat
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Plaçais
- Energy & Memory, Brain Plasticity (UMR 8249), CNRS, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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Perrone S, Carloni S, Dell'Orto VG, Filonzi L, Beretta V, Petrolini C, Lembo C, Buonocore G, Esposito S, Nonnis Marzano F. Hypoxic ischemic brain injury: animal models reveal new mechanisms of melatonin-mediated neuroprotection. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:331-339. [PMID: 38153803 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation play a key role in the development of hypoxic-ischemic (H-I) induced brain damage. Following H-I, rapid neuronal death occurs during the acute phase of inflammation, and activation of the oxidant-antioxidant system contributes to the brain damage by activated microglia. So far, in an animal model of perinatal H-I, it was showed that neuroprostanes are present in all brain damaged areas, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Based on the interplay between inflammation and OS, it was demonstrated in the same model that inflammation reduced brain sirtuin-1 expression and affected the expression of specific miRNAs. Moreover, through proteomic approach, an increased expression of genes and proteins in cerebral cortex synaptosomes has been revealed after induction of neonatal H-I. Administration of melatonin in the experimental treatment of brain damage and neurodegenerative diseases has produced promising therapeutic results. Melatonin protects against OS, contributes to reduce the generation of pro-inflammatory factors and promotes tissue regeneration and repair. Starting from the above cited aspects, this educational review aims to discuss the inflammatory and OS main pathways in H-I brain injury, focusing on the role of melatonin as neuroprotectant and providing current and emerging evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serafina Perrone
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Carloni
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Via Aurelio Saffi 2, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Valentina Giovanna Dell'Orto
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Filonzi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Virginia Beretta
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Petrolini
- Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Lembo
- Department of Neonatology, APHP, Necker-Enfants, Malades Hospital, 149 Rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Giuseppe Buonocore
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Banchi di Sotto 55, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Nonnis Marzano
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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Liu Z, Zhang H, Lemaitre B, Li X. Duox activation in Drosophila Malpighian tubules stimulates intestinal epithelial renewal through a countercurrent flow. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114109. [PMID: 38613782 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut must perform a dual role of protecting the host against toxins and pathogens while harboring mutualistic microbiota. Previous studies suggested that the NADPH oxidase Duox contributes to intestinal homeostasis in Drosophila by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the gut that stimulate epithelial renewal. We find instead that the ROS generated by Duox in the Malpighian tubules leads to the production of Upd3, which enters the gut and stimulates stem cell proliferation. We describe in Drosophila the existence of a countercurrent flow system, which pushes tubule-derived Upd3 to the anterior part of the gut and stimulates epithelial renewal at a distance. Thus, our paper clarifies the role of Duox in gut homeostasis and describes the existence of retrograde fluid flow in the gut, collectively revealing a fascinating example of inter-organ communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonggeng Liu
- Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bruno Lemaitre
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Global Health Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
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7
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Allegra A, Mirabile G, Caserta S, Stagno F, Russo S, Pioggia G, Gangemi S. Oxidative Stress and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Balance between ROS-Mediated Pro- and Anti-Apoptotic Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:461. [PMID: 38671909 PMCID: PMC11047441 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The balanced reciprocal translocation t (9; 22) (q34; q11) and the BCR-ABL fusion gene, which produce p210 bcr-abl protein production with high tyrosine kinase activity, are characteristics of chronic myeloid leukemia, a myeloproliferative neoplasm. This aberrant protein affects several signaling pathways connected to both apoptosis and cell proliferation. It has been demonstrated that tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia acts by inducing oxidative stress and, depending on its level, can activate signaling pathways responsible for either apoptosis or survival in leukemic cells. Additionally, oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species generation also mediate apoptosis through genomic activation. Furthermore, it was shown that oxidative stress has a role in both BCR-ABL-independent and BCR-ABL-dependent resistance pathways to tyrosine kinases, while patients with chronic myeloid leukemia were found to have a significantly reduced antioxidant level. The ideal environment for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy is produced by a favorable oxidative status. We discuss the latest studies that aim to manipulate the redox system to alter the apoptosis of cancerous cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Giuseppe Mirabile
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Santino Caserta
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Fabio Stagno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Sabina Russo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood ‘Gaetano Barresi’, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (F.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Giovanni Pioggia
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 98164 Messina, Italy;
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
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Wu Y, Zhou J, Wei F, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Feng Z, Feng H. The role of VdSti1 in Verticillium dahliae: insights into pathogenicity and stress responses. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1377713. [PMID: 38638896 PMCID: PMC11024458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1377713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sti1/Hop, a stress-induced co-chaperone protein, serves as a crucial link between Hsp70 and Hsp90 during cellular stress responses. Despite its importance in stress defense mechanisms, the biological role of Sti1 in Verticillium dahliae, a destructive fungal pathogen, remains largely unexplored. This study focused on identifying and characterizing Sti1 homologues in V. dahliae by comparing them to those found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The results indicated that the VdSti1-deficient mutant displayed increased sensitivity to drugs targeting the ergosterol synthesis pathway, leading to a notable inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis. Moreover, the mutant exhibited reduced production of microsclerotia and melanin, accompanied by decreased expression of microsclerotia and melanin-related genes VDH1, Vayg1, and VaflM. Additionally, the mutant's conidia showed more severe damage under heat shock conditions and displayed growth defects under various stressors such as temperature, SDS, and CR stress, as well as increased sensitivity to H2O2, while osmotic stress did not impact its growth. Importantly, the VdSti1-deficient mutant demonstrated significantly diminished pathogenicity compared to the wild-type strain. This study sheds light on the functional conservation and divergence of Sti1 homologues in fungal biology and underscores the critical role of VdSti1 in microsclerotia development, stress response, and pathogenicity of V. dahliae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Wu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Jinglong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Lihong Zhao
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zili Feng
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- National Nanfan Research Institute (Sanya), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
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Gierke AM, Hessling M. Photoinactivation by UVA radiation and visible light of Candida auris compared to other fungi. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:681-692. [PMID: 38446403 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
In addition to the rising number of patients affected by viruses and bacteria, the number of fungal infections has also been rising over the years. Due to the increase in resistance to various antimycotics, investigations into further disinfection options are important. In this study, two yeasts (Candida auris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and a mold (Cladosporium cladosporioides) were irradiated at 365, 400, and 450 nm individually. The resulting log 1 reduction doses were determined and compared with other studies. Furthermore, fluorescence measurements of C. auris were performed to detect possible involved photosensitizers. A roughly exponential photoinactivation was observed for all three fungi and all irradiation wavelengths with higher D90 doses for longer wavelengths. The determined log 1 reduction doses of C. auris and S. cerevisiae converged with increasing wavelength. However, S. cerevisiae was more photosensitive than C. auris for all irradiation wavelengths and is therefore not a suitable C. auris surrogate for photoinactivation experiments. For the mold C. cladosporioides, much higher D90 doses were determined than for both yeasts. Concerning potential photosensitizers, flavins and various porphyrins were detected by fluorescence measurements. By excitation at 365 nm, another, so far unreported fluorophore and potential photosensitizer was also observed. Based on its fluorescence spectrum, we assume it to be thiamine.Graphic abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Gierke
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Martin Hessling
- Institute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, Albert-Einstein-Allee 55, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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Rohman MM, Islam MR, Habib SH, Choudhury DA, Mohi-Ud-Din M. NADPH oxidase-mediated reactive oxygen species, antioxidant isozymes, and redox homeostasis regulate salt sensitivity in maize genotypes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26920. [PMID: 38468963 PMCID: PMC10926083 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between oxidative bursts, their regulation with ion homeostasis, and NADPH oxidase (NOX) in different salt-sensitive maize genotypes. For this, in the first study, four differently salt-sensitive maize genotypes (BIL214 × BIL218 as tolerant, BHM-5 as sensitive, and BHM-7 and BHM-9 as moderate-tolerant) were selected on the basis of phenotype, histochemical detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and specific and in-gel activity of NOX. In the next experiment, these genotypes were further examined in 200 mM NaCl solution in half-strength Hoagland media for nine days to study salt-induced changes in NOX activity, ROS accumulation, ion and redox homeostasis, the activity of antioxidants and their isozyme responses, and to find out potential relationships among the traits. Methylglyoxal (MG) and glyoxalse enzymes (Gly I and II) were also evaluated. Fully expanded leaf samplings were collected at 0 (control), 3, 6, 9-day, and after 7 days of recovery to assay different parameters. Na+/K+, NOX, ROS, and MDA contents increased significantly with the progression of stress duration in all maize genotypes, with a significantly higher value in BHM-5 as compared to tolerant and moderate-tolerant genotypes. A continual induction of Cu/Zn-SOD was observed in BIL214 × BIL218 due to salt stress. Substantial decreases in CAT2 and CAT3 isozymes in BHM-5 might be critical for the highest H2O2 burst in that sensitive genotype under salt stress. The highest intensified POD isozymes were visualized in BHM-5, BHM-7, and BHM-9, whereas BIL214 × BIL218 showed a continual induction of POD isozymes, although GPX activity decreased in all the genotypes at 9 days. Under salt stress, the tolerant genotype BIL214 × BIL218 showed superior ASA- and GSH-redox homeostasis by keeping GR and MDHAR activity high. This genotype also had a stronger MG detoxification system by having higher glyoxalase activity. Correlation, comparative heatmap, and PCA analyses revealed positive correlations among Na+/K+, NOX, O2•-, H2O2, MG, proline, GR, GST, and Gly I activities. Importantly, the relationship depends on the salt sensitivity of the genotypes. The reduced CAT activity as well as redox homeostasis were critical to the survival of the sensitive genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Motiar Rohman
- Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Robyul Islam
- SAARC Agriculture Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Hasna Habib
- Oil Seed Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammed Mohi-Ud-Din
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
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Liu X, Shi Y, Liu R, Song K, Chen L. Structure of human phagocyte NADPH oxidase in the activated state. Nature 2024; 627:189-195. [PMID: 38355798 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07056-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Phagocyte NADPH oxidase, a protein complex with a core made up of NOX2 and p22 subunits, is responsible for transferring electrons from intracellular NADPH to extracellular oxygen1. This process generates superoxide anions that are vital for killing pathogens1. The activation of phagocyte NADPH oxidase requires membrane translocation and the binding of several cytosolic factors2. However, the exact mechanism by which cytosolic factors bind to and activate NOX2 is not well understood. Here we present the structure of the human NOX2-p22 complex activated by fragments of three cytosolic factors: p47, p67 and Rac1. The structure reveals that the p67-Rac1 complex clamps onto the dehydrogenase domain of NOX2 and induces its contraction, which stabilizes the binding of NADPH and results in a reduction of the distance between the NADPH-binding domain and the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-binding domain. Furthermore, the dehydrogenase domain docks onto the bottom of the transmembrane domain of NOX2, which reduces the distance between FAD and the inner haem. These structural rearrangements might facilitate the efficient transfer of electrons between the redox centres in NOX2 and lead to the activation of phagocyte NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Beijing, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kangcheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Future Technology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Beijing, China.
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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12
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Herb M. NADPH Oxidase 3: Beyond the Inner Ear. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:219. [PMID: 38397817 PMCID: PMC10886416 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were formerly known as mere byproducts of metabolism with damaging effects on cellular structures. The discovery and description of NADPH oxidases (Nox) as a whole enzyme family that only produce this harmful group of molecules was surprising. After intensive research, seven Nox isoforms were discovered, described and extensively studied. Among them, the NADPH oxidase 3 is the perhaps most underrated Nox isoform, since it was firstly discovered in the inner ear. This stigma of Nox3 as "being only expressed in the inner ear" was also used by me several times. Therefore, the question arose whether this sentence is still valid or even usable. To this end, this review solely focuses on Nox3 and summarizes its discovery, the structural components, the activating and regulating factors, the expression in cells, tissues and organs, as well as the beneficial and detrimental effects of Nox3-mediated ROS production on body functions. Furthermore, the involvement of Nox3-derived ROS in diseases progression and, accordingly, as a potential target for disease treatment, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Herb
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, 50935 Cologne, Germany;
- German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Cluster of Excellence on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), 50931 Cologne, Germany
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13
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Insua A, Galindo-Moreno P, Miron RJ, Wang HL, Monje A. Emerging factors affecting peri-implant bone metabolism. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:27-78. [PMID: 37904311 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Implant dentistry has evolved to the point that standard implant osseointegration is predictable. This is attributed in part to the advancements in material sciences that have led toward improvements in implant surface technology and characteristics. Nonetheless, there remain several cases where implant therapy fails (specifically at early time points), most commonly attributed to factors affecting bone metabolism. Among these patients, smokers are known to have impaired bone metabolism and thus be subject to higher risks of early implant failure and/or late complications related to the stability of the peri-implant bone and mucosal tissues. Notably, however, emerging data have unveiled other critical factors affecting osseointegration, namely, those related to the metabolism of bone tissues. The aim of this review is to shed light on the effects of implant-related factors, like implant surface or titanium particle release; surgical-related factors, like osseodensification or implanted biomaterials; various drugs, like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, proton pump inhibitors, anti-hypertensives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and statins, and host-related factors, like smoking, diet, and metabolic syndrome on bone metabolism, and aseptic peri-implant bone loss. Despite the infectious nature of peri-implant biological complications, these factors must be surveyed for the effective prevention and management of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Insua
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Pablo Galindo-Moreno
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Alberto Monje
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Inacio KK, Pessoa ADS, Tokuhara CK, Pagnan AL, Sanches MLR, Fakhoury VS, Oliveira GSND, Oliveira FAD, Ximenes VF, Oliveira RCD. Menadione and protocatechuic acid: A drug combination with antitumor effects in murine osteosarcoma cells. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 751:109840. [PMID: 38040223 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2023.109840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that has an abnormal expression of oncogenesis and tumor suppressors and causes dysregulation of various signaling pathways. Thus, novel therapeutic strategies for OS are needed to overcome the resistance of traditional treatments. This study evaluated the cytotoxic and anticancer effects of the association between menadione (MEN) and protocatechuic acid (PCA) in murine OS cells (UMR-106). The concentrations were 3.12 μM of isolated MEN, 500 μM of isolated PCA, and their associations. We performed cell viability assays, morphology modification analysis, cell migration by the wound-healing method, apoptosis by flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, gene expression of NOX by RT-qPCR, and degradation of MMP-2 and 9 by zymography. Our results showed that the association of MEN+PCA was more effective in OS cells than the compounds alone. The association decreased cell viability, delayed cell migration, and decreased the expression of NOX-2 and ROS. In addition, the MEN+PCA association induced a slight increase in the apoptotic process. In summary, the association can enhance the compound's antitumor effects and establish a higher selectivity for tumor cells, possibly caused by significant mitochondrial damage and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Karina Inacio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano de Souza Pessoa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cintia Kazuko Tokuhara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Lígia Pagnan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Flavia Amadeu de Oliveira
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center. Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Valdecir Farias Ximenes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Liu Y, Wang R, Song C, Ding S, Zuo Y, Yi K, Li N, Wang B, Geng Q. Crosstalk between neutrophil extracellular traps and immune regulation: insights into pathobiology and therapeutic implications of transfusion-related acute lung injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1324021. [PMID: 38162674 PMCID: PMC10755469 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1324021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is the leading cause of transfusion-associated death, occurring during or within 6 hours after transfusion. Reports indicate that TRALI can be categorized as having or lacking acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) risk factors. There are two types of TRALI in terms of its pathogenesis: antibody-mediated and non-antibody-mediated. The key initiation steps involve the priming and activation of neutrophils, with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) being established as effector molecules formed by activated neutrophils in response to various stimuli. These NETs contribute to the production and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and participate in the destruction of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells. The significant role of NETs in TRALI is well recognized, offering a potential pathway for TRALI treatment. Moreover, platelets, macrophages, endothelial cells, and complements have been identified as promoters of NET formation. Concurrently, studies have demonstrated that the storage of platelets and concentrated red blood cells (RBC) can induce TRALI through bioactive lipids. In this article, recent clinical and pre-clinical studies on the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of TRALI are reviewed to further illuminate the mechanism through which NETs induce TRALI. This review aims to propose new therapeutic strategies for TRALI, with the hope of effectively improving its poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Song Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifan Zuo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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16
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Abstract
The amoeba parasite Entamoeba histolytica is the causative agent of human amebiasis, an enteropathic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. This ancient protozoan is an elementary example of how parasites evolve with humans, e.g. taking advantage of multiple mechanisms to evade immune responses, interacting with microbiota for nutritional and protective needs, utilizing host resources for growth, division, and encystation. These skills of E. histolytica perpetuate the species and incidence of infection. However, in 10% of infected cases, the parasite turns into a pathogen; the host-parasite equilibrium is then disorganized, and the simple lifecycle based on two cell forms, trophozoites and cysts, becomes unbalanced. Trophozoites acquire a virulent phenotype which, when non-controlled, leads to intestinal invasion with the onset of amoebiasis symptoms. Virulent E. histolytica must cross mucus, epithelium, connective tissue and possibly blood. This highly mobile parasite faces various stresses and a powerful host immune response, with oxidative stress being a challenge for its survival. New emerging research avenues and omics technologies target gene regulation to determine human or parasitic factors activated upon infection, their role in virulence activation, and in pathogenesis; this research bears in mind that E. histolytica is a resident of the complex intestinal ecosystem. The goal is to eradicate amoebiasis from the planet, but the parasitic life of E. histolytica is ancient and complex and will likely continue to evolve with humans. Advances in these topics are summarized here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Guillén
- Cell Biology and Infection Department, Institut Pasteur and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS-ERM9195, Paris, France
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17
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Marques-Carvalho A, Kim HN, Almeida M. The role of reactive oxygen species in bone cell physiology and pathophysiology. Bone Rep 2023; 19:101664. [PMID: 38163012 PMCID: PMC10757300 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion radical (O2-•), and other forms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by the vast majority of mammalian cells and can contribute both to cellular homeostasis and dysfunction. The NADPH oxidases (NOX) enzymes and the mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC) produce most of the cellular ROS. Multiple antioxidant systems prevent the accumulation of excessive amounts of ROS which cause damage to all cellular macromolecules. Many studies have examined the contribution of ROS to different bone cell types and to skeletal physiology and pathophysiology. Here, we discuss the role of H2O2 and O2-• and their major enzymatic sources in osteoclasts and osteoblasts, the fundamentally different ways via which these cell types utilize mitochondrial derived H2O2 for differentiation and function, and the molecular mechanisms that impact and are altered by ROS in these cells. Particular emphasis is placed on evidence obtained from mouse models describing the contribution of different sources of ROS or antioxidant enzymes to bone resorption and formation. Findings from studies using pharmacological or genetically modified mouse models indicate that an increase in H2O2 and perhaps other ROS contribute to the loss of bone mass with aging and estrogen deficiency, the two most important causes of osteoporosis and increased fracture risk in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marques-Carvalho
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
- Center for Musculoskeletal Disease Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
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18
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Zhang K, Tian XM, Li W, Hao LY. Ferroptosis in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115765. [PMID: 37879210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure has become a public health problem that we cannot avoid choosing to face in today's context. In the case of heart failure, pathological cardiac hypertrophy plays a major role because of its condition of absolute increase in ventricular mass under various stresses. Ferroptosis, it could be defined as regulatory mechanisms that regulate cell death in the absence of apoptosis in iron-dependent cells. This paper introduces various new research findings on the use of different regulatory mechanisms of cellular ferroptosis for the treatment of heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy, providing new therapeutic targets and research directions for clinical treatment. The role and mechanism of ferroptosis in the field of heart failure has been increasingly demonstrated, and the relationship between cardiac hypertrophy, which is one of the causes of heart failure, is also an area of research that we should focus on. In addition, the latest applications and progress of inducers and inhibitors of ferroptosis are reported in this paper, updating the breakthroughs in their fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xin-Miao Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Li-Ying Hao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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19
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Reis J, Gorgulla C, Massari M, Marchese S, Valente S, Noce B, Basile L, Törner R, Cox H, Viennet T, Yang MH, Ronan MM, Rees MG, Roth JA, Capasso L, Nebbioso A, Altucci L, Mai A, Arthanari H, Mattevi A. Targeting ROS production through inhibition of NADPH oxidases. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1540-1550. [PMID: 37884805 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01457-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are transmembrane enzymes that are devoted to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In cancers, dysregulation of NOX enzymes affects ROS production, leading to redox unbalance and tumor progression. Consequently, NOXs are a drug target for cancer therapeutics, although current therapies have off-target effects: there is a need for isoenzyme-selective inhibitors. Here, we describe fully validated human NOX inhibitors, obtained from an in silico screen, targeting the active site of Cylindrospermum stagnale NOX5 (csNOX5). The hits are validated by in vitro and in cellulo enzymatic and binding assays, and their binding modes to the dehydrogenase domain of csNOX5 studied via high-resolution crystal structures. A high-throughput screen in a panel of cancer cells shows activity in selected cancer cell lines and synergistic effects with KRAS modulators. Our work lays the foundation for the development of inhibitor-based methods for controlling the tightly regulated and highly localized ROS sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Reis
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph Gorgulla
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Marta Massari
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Marchese
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Noce
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Basile
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ricarda Törner
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Huel Cox
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thibault Viennet
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moon Hee Yang
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lucia Capasso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Nebbioso
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Altucci
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Haribabu Arthanari
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Andrea Mattevi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology Lazzaro Spallanzani, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
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20
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Pijuan J, Moreno DF, Yahya G, Moisa M, Ul Haq I, Krukiewicz K, Mosbah R, Metwally K, Cavalu S. Regulatory and pathogenic mechanisms in response to iron deficiency and excess in fungi. Microb Biotechnol 2023; 16:2053-2071. [PMID: 37804207 PMCID: PMC10616654 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron is an essential element for all eukaryote organisms because of its redox properties, which are important for many biological processes such as DNA synthesis, mitochondrial respiration, oxygen transport, lipid, and carbon metabolism. For this reason, living organisms have developed different strategies and mechanisms to optimally regulate iron acquisition, transport, storage, and uptake in different environmental responses. Moreover, iron plays an essential role during microbial infections. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been of key importance for decrypting iron homeostasis and regulation mechanisms in eukaryotes. Specifically, the transcription factors Aft1/Aft2 and Yap5 regulate the expression of genes to control iron metabolism in response to its deficiency or excess, adapting to the cell's iron requirements and its availability in the environment. We also review which iron-related virulence factors have the most common fungal human pathogens (Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Candida albicans). These factors are essential for adaptation in different host niches during pathogenesis, including different fungal-specific iron-uptake mechanisms. While being necessary for virulence, they provide hope for developing novel antifungal treatments, which are currently scarce and usually toxic for patients. In this review, we provide a compilation of the current knowledge about the metabolic response to iron deficiency and excess in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Pijuan
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Molecular MedicineInstitut de Recerca Sant Joan de DéuBarcelonaSpain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIIIMadridSpain
| | - David F. Moreno
- Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental BiologyYale UniversityNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Systems Biology InstituteYale UniversityWest HavenConnecticutUSA
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et CellulaireIllkirchFrance
| | - Galal Yahya
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityAl SharqiaEgypt
| | - Mihaela Moisa
- Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity of OradeaOradeaRomania
| | - Ihtisham Ul Haq
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Polymers TechnologySilesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Inovação TecnológicaUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo HorizonteBrazil
| | - Katarzyna Krukiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Polymers TechnologySilesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland
- Centre for Organic and Nanohybrid ElectronicsSilesian University of TechnologyGliwicePoland
| | - Rasha Mosbah
- Infection Control UnitHospitals of Zagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
| | - Kamel Metwally
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyZagazig UniversityZagazigEgypt
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and PharmacyUniversity of OradeaOradeaRomania
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21
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Szeles Z, Petheő GL, Szikora B, Kacskovics I, Geiszt M. A novel monoclonal antibody reveals the enrichment of NADPH oxidase 5 in human splenic endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17174. [PMID: 37821487 PMCID: PMC10567692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the NOX/DUOX family of NADPH oxidases are responsible for regulated ROS production in diverse cells and tissues. Detection of NOX/DUOX proteins at the protein level remains an important challenge in the field. Here we report the development and characterization of a novel anti-NOX5 monoclonal antibody, which recognizes the human NOX5 protein in both Western blot, immunocytochemistry, and histochemistry applications. With the help of the antibody we could successfully detect both heterologously and endogenously expressed NOX5 in mammalian cells. Furthermore, we could also detect NOX5 protein in the human spleen, testis, and ovary. Immunohistochemical studies on human testis revealed that NOX5 localized to spermatogenic cells. This expression pattern was also supported by the result of in silico analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data that indicated that NOX5 protein is present in developing spermatids and spermatocytes. Mature spermatozoa, however, did not contain detectable NOX5. In the human ovary, both immunostaining and single-cell RNA sequencing suggest that NOX5 is expressed in interstitial fibroblasts and theca cells. We also analyzed vascular cells for the presence of NOX5 and we found that NOX5 expression is a fairly specific feature of splenic endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Szeles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, PO Box 259, 1444, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor L Petheő
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, PO Box 259, 1444, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Miklós Geiszt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, PO Box 259, 1444, Budapest, Hungary.
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22
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Arya S, Bahuguna D, Bajad G, Loharkar S, Devangan P, Khatri DK, Singh SB, Madan J. Colloidal therapeutics in the management of traumatic brain injury: Portray of biomarkers and drug-targets, preclinical and clinical pieces of evidence and future prospects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 230:113509. [PMID: 37595379 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Complexity associated with the aberrant physiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) makes its therapeutic targeting vulnerable. The underlying mechanisms of pathophysiology of TBI are yet to be completely illustrated. Primary injury in TBI is associated with contusions and axonal shearing whereas excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, free radicals generation, and neuroinflammation are considered under secondary injury. MicroRNAs, proinflammatory cytokines, and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) recently emerged as biomarkers in TBI. In addition, several approved therapeutic entities have been explored to target existing and newly identified drug-targets in TBI. However, drug delivery in TBI is hampered due to disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in secondary TBI, as well as inadequate drug-targeting and retention effect. Colloidal therapeutics appeared helpful in providing enhanced drug availability to the brain owing to definite targeting strategies. Moreover, immense efforts have been put together to achieve increased bioavailability of therapeutics to TBI by devising effective targeting strategies. The potential of colloidal therapeutics to efficiently deliver drugs at the site of injury and down-regulate the mediators of TBI are serving as novel policies in the management of TBI. Therefore, in present manuscript, we have illuminated a myriad of molecular-targets currently identified and recognized in TBI. Moreover, particular emphasis is given to frame armamentarium of repurpose drugs which could be utilized to block molecular targets in TBI in addition to drug delivery barriers. The critical role of colloidal therapeutics such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes in drug delivery to TBI through invasive and non-invasive routes has also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Deepankar Bahuguna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gopal Bajad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Soham Loharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pawan Devangan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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Wang LJ, Lee YC, Chiou JT, Chen YJ, Chang LS. Effects of SIDT2 on the miR-25/NOX4/HuR axis and SIRT3 mRNA stability lead to ROS-mediated TNF-α expression in hydroquinone-treated leukemia cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2207-2225. [PMID: 35302183 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09705-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies indicated that the benzene metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) evokes the ROS/p38 MAPK/protein phosphatase 2A/tristetraprolin axis, leading to increased TNF-α expression in human acute myeloid leukemia cell lines U937 and HL-60. In this study, we aimed to identify the upstream pathway involved in ROS-mediated TNF-α expression. HQ treatment increased SIDT2 expression, which subsequently decreased miR-25 and SIRT3 expression in U937 cells. Notably, miR-25 downregulation promoted SIDT2 expression in HQ-treated U937 cells. SIDT2 induced lysosomal degradation of SIRT3 mRNA, but inhibited miR-25 expression through a lysosome-independent pathway. MiR-25 inhibition reduced NOX4 mRNA turnover, resulting in increased NOX4 protein levels. NOX4 induces mitochondrial ROS production and HuR downregulation. Restoration of HuR expression increased SIRT3 expression, suggesting that NOX4-mediated HuR downregulation promotes SIDT2-mediated degradation of SIRT3 mRNA. Inhibition of NOX4 or SIRT3 overexpression abolished HQ-induced ROS production, thereby abolishing TNF-α upregulation. Overall, these results indicate that SIDT2 regulates the miR-25/NOX4/HuR axis and SIRT3 mRNA destabilization, leading to ROS-mediated TNF-α upregulation in HQ-treated U937 cells. HQ-induced increase in TNF-α expression in HL-60 cells was also mediated through a similar pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Jun Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Chin Lee
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ting Chiou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jung Chen
- Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Long-Sen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Javali PS, Sekar M, Kumar A, Thirumurugan K. Dynamics of redox signaling in aging via autophagy, inflammation, and senescence. Biogerontology 2023; 24:663-678. [PMID: 37195483 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Review paper attempts to explain the dynamic aspects of redox signaling in aging through autophagy, inflammation, and senescence. It begins with ROS source in the cell, then states redox signaling in autophagy, and regulation of autophagy in aging. Next, we discuss inflammation and redox signaling with various pathways involved: NOX pathway, ROS production via TNF-α, IL-1β, xanthine oxidase pathway, COX pathway, and myeloperoxidase pathway. Also, we emphasize oxidative damage as an aging marker and the contribution of pathophysiological factors to aging. In senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, we link ROS with senescence, aging disorders. Relevant crosstalk between autophagy, inflammation, and senescence using a balanced ROS level might reduce age-related disorders. Transducing the context-dependent signal communication among these three processes at high spatiotemporal resolution demands other tools like multi-omics aging biomarkers, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. The bewildering advancement of technology in the above areas might progress age-related disorders diagnostics with precision and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth S Javali
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Mouliganesh Sekar
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kavitha Thirumurugan
- #412J, Structural Biology Lab, Pearl Research Park, School of Biosciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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25
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Hu H, Zhang G, Tian M, Guan X, Yin Y, Ding C, Yu S. Brucella abortus Rough-Type Mutant Induces Ferroptosis and More Oxidative Stress in Infected Macrophages. Pathogens 2023; 12:1189. [PMID: 37887705 PMCID: PMC10609801 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella is an intracellular parasitic bacterium that uses multiple strategies to evade the host's defense mechanisms. However, how Brucella manipulates the host-induced oxidative stress and relevant biological processes are still poorly understood. In this study, a comparative transcriptome assay of macrophages infected with Brucella abortus S2308 and its rough mutant RB14 was performed to investigate the differentially expressed genes which might be associated with the pathogenic mechanism of Brucella. Our results showed that numerous host pro-oxidative and antioxidative stress genes were differentially expressed in macrophages infected with B. abortus S2308 and mutant RB14 at 4, 8, 24, and 48 h post-infection. Interestingly, we found that several ferroptosis-associated genes were differentially expressed during B. abortus RB14 infection. Moreover, we found that the rough mutant RB14-induced macrophage death was associated with reduced levels of host glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4, together with increased free iron, lipid peroxidation, and ROS, all of which are important hallmarks of ferroptosis. The ferroptosis occurring during infection with RB14 was reduced by treatment with the inhibitor ferrostatin-1. However, B. abortus S2308 infection did not induce these hallmarks of ferroptosis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ferroptosis is involved in rough B. abortus infection. Investigating how Brucella manipulates oxidative stress and ferroptosis in its host will be helpful to clarify the pathogenicity of B. abortus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Hu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Guangdong Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Xiang Guan
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yi Yin
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Chan Ding
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Shengqing Yu
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Shanghai 200241, China; (H.H.); (G.Z.); (M.T.); (X.G.); (Y.Y.)
- Veterinary Bio-Pharmaceutical, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High-Tech Research and Development of Veterinary Biopharmaceuticals, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
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Hunt M, Torres M, Bachar-Wikström E, Wikström JD. Multifaceted roles of mitochondria in wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1252318. [PMID: 37771375 PMCID: PMC10523588 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1252318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that play a critical role in numerous cellular processes including the regulation of metabolism, cellular stress response, and cell fate. Mitochondria themselves are subject to well-orchestrated regulation in order to maintain organelle and cellular homeostasis. Wound healing is a multifactorial process that involves the stringent regulation of several cell types and cellular processes. In the event of dysregulated wound healing, hard-to-heal chronic wounds form and can place a significant burden on healthcare systems. Importantly, treatment options remain limited owing to the multifactorial nature of chronic wound pathogenesis. One area that has received more attention in recent years is the role of mitochondria in wound healing. With regards to this, current literature has demonstrated an important role for mitochondria in several areas of wound healing and chronic wound pathogenesis including metabolism, apoptosis, and redox signalling. Additionally, the influence of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy has also been investigated. However, few studies have utilised patient tissue when studying mitochondria in wound healing, instead using various animal models. In this review we dissect the current knowledge of the role of mitochondria in wound healing and discuss how future research can potentially aid in the progression of wound healing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hunt
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Monica Torres
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Etty Bachar-Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob D. Wikström
- Dermatology and Venerology Division, Department of Medicine (Solna), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dermato-Venereology Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Zheng M, Liu Y, Zhang G, Yang Z, Xu W, Chen Q. The Applications and Mechanisms of Superoxide Dismutase in Medicine, Food, and Cosmetics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1675. [PMID: 37759978 PMCID: PMC10525108 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a class of enzymes that restrict the biological oxidant cluster enzyme system in the body, which can effectively respond to cellular oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidation. Published studies have shown that SOD enzymes (SODs) could maintain a dynamic balance between the production and scavenging of biological oxidants in the body and prevent the toxic effects of free radicals, and have been shown to be effective in anti-tumor, anti-radiation, and anti-aging studies. This research summarizes the types, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of SODs, as well as their applications in medicine, food production, and cosmetic production. SODs have proven to be a useful tool in fighting disease, and mimetics and conjugates that report SODs have been developed successively to improve the effectiveness of SODs. There are still obstacles to solving the membrane permeability of SODs and the persistence of enzyme action, which is still a hot spot and difficulty in mining the effect of SODs and promoting their application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qinghua Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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28
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Singh N, Sherin GR, Mugesh G. Antioxidant and Prooxidant Nanozymes: From Cellular Redox Regulation to Next-Generation Therapeutics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301232. [PMID: 37083312 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes, nanomaterials with enzyme-mimicking activity, have attracted tremendous interest in recent years owing to their ability to replace natural enzymes in various biomedical applications, such as biosensing, therapeutics, drug delivery, and bioimaging. In particular, the nanozymes capable of regulating the cellular redox status by mimicking the antioxidant enzymes in mammalian cells are of great therapeutic significance in oxidative-stress-mediated disorders. As the distinction of physiological oxidative stress (oxidative eustress) and pathological oxidative stress (oxidative distress) occurs at a fine borderline, it is a great challenge to design nanozymes that can differentially sense the two extremes in cells, tissues and organs and mediate appropriate redox chemical reactions. In this Review, we summarize the advances in the development of redox-active nanozymes and their biomedical applications. We primarily highlight the therapeutic significance of the antioxidant and prooxidant nanozymes in various disease model systems, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. The future perspectives of this emerging area of research and the challenges associated with the biomedical applications of nanozymes are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Singh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
- Current address: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Biomedicum, Solnavägen 9, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - G R Sherin
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Govindasamy Mugesh
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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29
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Wang G, Li J, Zhu L, Zhou Z, Ma Z, Zhang H, Yang Y, Niu Q, Wang X. Identification of hepatocellular carcinoma-related subtypes and development of a prognostic model: a study based on ferritinophagy-related genes. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:147. [PMID: 37555866 PMCID: PMC10412519 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma still has a high incidence and mortality rate worldwide, and further research is needed to investigate its occurrence and development mechanisms in depth in order to identify new therapeutic targets. Ferritinophagy is a type of autophagy and a key factor in ferroptosis that could influence tumor onset and progression. Although, the potential role of ferritinophagy-related genes (FRGs) in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) is unknown. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of LIHC were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. In addition, transcriptome and clinical follow-up outcome data of individuals with LIHC were extracted from the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. FRGs were collected through the GeneCards database. Differential cell subpopulations were distinguished, and differentially expressed FRGs (DEFRGs) were obtained. Differential expression of FRGs and prognosis were observed according to the TCGA database. An FRG-related risk model was constructed to predict patient prognosis by absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and COX regression analyses, and its prognosis predictive power was validated. Ultimately, the association between risk score and tumor microenvironment (TME), immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoints, drug sensitivity, and tumor mutation burden (TMB) was analyzed. We also used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to validate the expression of key genes in normal liver cells and liver cancer cells. RESULTS We ultimately identified 8 cell types, and 7 differentially expressed FRGs genes (ZFP36, NCOA4, FTH1, FTL, TNF, PCBP1, CYB561A3) were found among immune cells, and we found that Monocytes and Macrophages were closely related to FRGs genes. Subsequently, COX regression analysis showed that patients with high expression of FTH1, FTL, and PCBP1 had significantly worse prognosis than those with low expression, and our survival prediction model, constructed based on age, stage, and risk score, showed better prognostic prediction ability. Our risk model based on 3 FRGs genes ultimately revealed significant differences between high-risk and low-risk groups in terms of immune infiltration and immune checkpoint correlation, drug sensitivity, and somatic mutation risk. Finally, we validated the key prognostic genes FTH1, FTL, using qRT-PCR, and found that the expression of FTH1 and FTL was significantly higher in various liver cancer cells than in normal liver cells. At the same time, immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of FTH1, FTL in tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in para-tumor tissues. CONCLUSION This study identifies a considerable impact of FRGs on immunity and prognosis in individuals with LIHC. The collective findings of this research provide new ideas for personalized treatment of LIHC and a more targeted therapy approach for individuals with LIHC to improve their prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Jian Li
- Endoscopy Center, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201199, China
| | - Lingkang Zhu
- Jing'an District Central Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zhijie Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Zenghui Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Yulong Yang
- Institute of Gallstone Disease, Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of General Surgery, Shidong Hospital, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China.
- Department of General Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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30
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Zhang QA, Ma S, Li P, Xie J. The dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosome and the fate of infection. Cell Signal 2023; 108:110715. [PMID: 37192679 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phagosomes are vesicles produced by phagocytosis of phagocytes, which are crucial in immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. After the phagocyte ingests the pathogen, it activates the phagosomes to recruit a series of components and process proteins, to phagocytose, degrade and kill Mtb. Meanwhile, Mtb can resist acid and oxidative stress, block phagosome maturation, and manipulate host immune response. The interaction between Mtb and phagocytes leads to the outcome of infection. The dynamic of this process can affect the cell fate. This article mainly reviews the development and maturation of phagosomes, as well as the dynamics and modifications of Mtb effectors and phagosomes components, and new diagnostic and therapeutic markers involved in phagosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Ao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaying Ma
- Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing the Fourth Hospital, Jiankang Road, Yuzhong, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Peibo Li
- Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment and Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
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31
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Zhang H, Hao J, Hong H, Gu W, Li Z, Sun J, Zhan H, Wei X, Zhou L. Redox signaling regulates the skeletal tissue development and regeneration. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2023:1-24. [PMID: 37043672 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2199244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal tissue development and regeneration in mammals are intricate, multistep, and highly regulated processes. Various signaling pathways have been implicated in the regulation of these processes, including redox. Redox signaling is the signal transduction by electron transfer reactions involving free radicals or related species. Redox homeostasis is essential to cell metabolic states, as the ROS not only regulates cell biological processes but also mediates physiological processes. Following a bone fracture, redox signaling is also triggered to regulate bone healing and regeneration by targeting resident stromal cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and endothelial cells. This review will focus on how the redox signaling impact the bone development and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - HaiPing Hong
- FangTa Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Songjiang Branch, Shanghai, East China, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Jun Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongsheng Zhan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoen Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, East China, Shanghai, China
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Gong G, Wan W, Liu X, Yin J. Apelin-13, a regulator of autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation in multifaceted bone protection. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109991. [PMID: 37012875 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Apelin/APJ is widely distributed in various tissues in the body and participates in the regulation of physiological and pathological mechanisms such as autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Apelin-13 is an adipokine family member with multiple biological roles and has been shown to be involved in the development and progression of bone diseases. In the process of osteoporosis and fracture healing, Apelin-13 plays an osteoprotective role by regulating the autophagy and apoptosis of BMSCs, and promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In addition, Apelin-13 also attenuates the progression of arthritis by regulating the inflammatory response of macrophages. In conclusion, Apelin-13 has an important connection with bone protection, which provides a new strategy for the clinical treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 211002, China
| | - Wenhui Wan
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 211002, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
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Miao SH, Gao SQ, Li HX, Zhuang YS, Wang X, Li T, Gao CC, Han YL, Qiu JY, Zhou ML. Increased NOX2 expression in astrocytes leads to eNOS uncoupling through dihydrofolate reductase in endothelial cells after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1121944. [PMID: 37063365 PMCID: PMC10097896 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1121944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionEndothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling plays a significant role in acute vasoconstriction during early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Astrocytes in the neurovascular unit extend their foot processes around endothelia. In our study, we tested the hypothesis that increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression in astrocytes after SAH leads to eNOS uncoupling.MethodsWe utilized laser speckle contrast imaging for monitoring cortical blood flow changes in mice, nitric oxide (NO) kits to measure the level of NO, and a co-culture system to study the effect of astrocytes on endothelial cells. Moreover, the protein levels were assessed by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. We used CCK-8 to measure the viability of astrocytes and endothelial cells, and we used the H2O2 kit to measure the H2O2 released from astrocytes. We used GSK2795039 as an inhibitor of NOX2, whereas lentivirus and adeno-associated virus were used for dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) knockdown in vivo and in vitro.ResultsThe expression of NOX2 and the release of H2O2 in astrocytes are increased, which was accompanied by a decrease in endothelial DHFR 12 h after SAH. Moreover, the eNOS monomer/dimer ratio increased, leading to a decrease in NO and acute cerebral ischemia. All of the above were significantly alleviated after the administration of GSK2795039. However, after knocking down DHFR both in vivo and in vitro, the protective effect of GSK2795039 was greatly reversed.DiscussionThe increased level of NOX2 in astrocytes contributes to decreased DHFR in endothelial cells, thus aggravating eNOS uncoupling, which is an essential mechanism underlying acute vasoconstriction after SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hao Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Qing Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Xin Li
- Department of Gynecology, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun-Song Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao-Chao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Yin Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Liang Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Meng-Liang Zhou,
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He B, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Duan X, Wang Y, Cao J, Li L, He K, Nice EC, He W, Gao W, Shen Z. Protein persulfidation: Rewiring the hydrogen sulfide signaling in cell stress response. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115444. [PMID: 36736962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed significant progress in the discovery of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as a ubiquitous gaseous signaling molecule in mammalian physiology, akin to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. As the third gasotransmitter, H2S is now known to exert a wide range of physiological and cytoprotective functions in the biological systems. However, endogenous H2S concentrations are usually low, and its potential biologic mechanisms responsible have not yet been fully clarified. Recently, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that protein persulfidation, a posttranslational modification of cysteine residues (RSH) to persulfides (RSSH) elicited by H2S, is a fundamental mechanism of H2S-mediated signaling pathways. Persulfidation, as a biological switch for protein function, plays an important role in the maintenance of cell homeostasis in response to various internal and external stress stimuli and is also implicated in numerous diseases, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In this review, the biological significance of protein persulfidation by H2S in cell stress response is reviewed providing a framework for understanding the multifaceted roles of H2S. A mechanism-guided perspective can help open novel avenues for the exploitation of therapeutics based on H2S-induced persulfidation in the context of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo He
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xirui Duan
- Department of Oncology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yu Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiangjun Cao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Edouard C Nice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, Southwest Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Disease Proteomics, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Wei Gao
- Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu 610081, China.
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang, China.
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Bioactivity, Molecular Mechanism, and Targeted Delivery of Flavonoids for Bone Loss. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040919. [PMID: 36839278 PMCID: PMC9960663 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal disabilities are a prominent burden on the present population with an increasing life span. Advances in osteopathy have provided various medical support for bone-related diseases, including pharmacological and prosthesis interventions. However, therapeutics and post-surgery complications are often reported due to side effects associated with modern-day therapies. Thus, therapies utilizing natural means with fewer toxic or other side effects are the key to acceptable interventions. Flavonoids constitute a class of bioactive compounds found in dietary supplements, and their pharmacological attributes have been well appreciated. Recently, flavonoids' role is gaining renowned interest for its effect on bone remodeling. A wide range of flavonoids has been found to play a pivotal role in the major bone signaling pathways, such as wingless-related integration site (Wnt)/β-catenin, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), etc. However, the reduced bioavailability and the absorption of flavonoids are the major limitations inhibiting their use against bone-related complications. Recent utilization of nanotechnological approaches and other delivery methods (biomaterial scaffolds, micelles) to target and control release can enhance the absorption and bioavailability of flavonoids. Thus, we have tried to recapitulate the understanding of the role of flavonoids in regulating signaling mechanisms affecting bone remodeling and various delivery methods utilized to enhance their therapeutical potential in treating bone loss.
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Cai H, Ren Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Chu L. Ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy: A promising combination therapy for tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1119369. [PMID: 36845720 PMCID: PMC9945274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1119369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Low response rate and treatment resistance are frequent problems in the immunotherapy of tumors, resulting in the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects. Ferroptosis is a form of cell death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxides. In recent years, it has been found that ferroptosis may be related to the treatment of cancer. Various immune cells (including macrophages and CD8+ T cells) can induce ferroptosis of tumor cells, and synergistically enhance the anti-tumor immune effects. However, the mechanisms are different for each cell types. DAMP released in vitro by cancer cells undergoing ferroptosis lead to the maturation of dendritic cells, cross-induction of CD8+ T cells, IFN-γ production and M1 macrophage production. Thus, it activates the adaptability of the tumor microenvironment and forms positive feedback of the immune response. It suggests that induction of ferroptosis may contribute to reducing resistance of cancer immunotherapy and has great potential in cancer therapy. Further research into the link between ferroptosis and tumor immunotherapy may offer hope for those cancers that are difficult to treat. In this review, we focus on the role of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy, explore the role of ferroptosis in various immune cells, and discuss potential applications of ferroptosis in tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huazhong Cai
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China,*Correspondence: Huazhong Cai,
| | - Yongfei Ren
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Shuangwei Chen
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Emergency, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liangmei Chu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Liu Q, Tan Z, Xie C, Ling L, Hu H. Oxidative stress as a critical factor might involve in intervertebral disc degeneration via regulating NOXs/FOXOs. J Orthop Sci 2023; 28:105-111. [PMID: 34772597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is involved in many musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis. However, the effect of oxidative stress on intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is still unclear. This study was aimed to provide an evidence of oxidative stress involved in IDD, and propose a new insight into pathogenesis of IDD. METHODS Sixteen rats were randomly divided into sham and cervical muscle section (CMS) groups. The intervertebral disc degeneration scores (DDS) were assessed by histological staining at 8 weeks. Intracellular reactive oxygen species mainly comes from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOXs), while its clearance relies on antioxidant enzymes which regulated by forkhead transcription factor O (FOXOs). Thus, the oxidative stress was evaluated by the expression of NOXs and FOXOs. Meanwhile, the protein expression of Aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), NOXs, FOXOs and antioxidant proteins (Manganese superoxide dismutase: MnSOD and Catalase) were tested in nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) under tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) intervention. RESULTS CMS induced IDD by enhancing DDS in 8 weeks, and the expression of NOX2 and NOX4 were significantly increased and the expression of FOXO3 and FOXO4 were remarkably decreased in the CMS rats. With the stimulation of TBHP, the contents of NOX2 and NOX4 in NPCs increased significantly, and the antioxidant proteins of FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, MnSOD and Catalase and the matrix proteins of Aggrecan decreased remarkably, while MMP-13 significantly increased after TBHP intervention. CONCLUSIONS The present study proposed that regulation of NOXs and FOXOs alters oxidative stress in intervertebral disc, which indicates that the intervention of oxidative stress would provide a new strategy to the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China.
| | - Zhangbin Tan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Chuhai Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Long Ling
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Hailan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, China.
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Liu Y, Du Z, Huang J, Li T, Zhang J, Li Y, Yi W, Chen C. Ferroptosis in hematological malignant tumors. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1127526. [PMID: 37139157 PMCID: PMC10149970 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1127526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a kind of iron-dependent programmed cell death discovered in recent years. Its main feature is the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species in cells, eventually leading to oxidative stress and cell death. It plays a pivotal role in normal physical conditions and the occurrence and development of various diseases. Studies have shown that tumor cells of the blood system, such as leukemia cells and lymphoma cells, are sensitive to the response to ferroptosis. Regulators that modulate the Ferroptosis pathway can accelerate or inhibit tumor disease progression. This article reviews the mechanism of ferroptosis and its research status in hematological malignancies. Understanding the mechanisms of ferroptosis could provide practical guidance for treating and preventing these dreaded diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zefan Du
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Junbin Huang
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianwen Li
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixian Li
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfang Yi
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfang Yi, ; Chun Chen,
| | - Chun Chen
- Pediatric Hematology Laboratory, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Wenfang Yi, ; Chun Chen,
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Das TK, Ganesh BP. Interlink between the gut microbiota and inflammation in the context of oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease progression. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2206504. [PMID: 37127846 PMCID: PMC10153019 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2206504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain axis is an important pathway of communication and may dynamically contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Pathological commensal gut microbiota alterations, termed as dysbiosis, can influence intestinal permeability and break the blood-brain barrier which may trigger AD pathogenesis via redox signaling, neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways. Dysbiosis increases the oxidative stress. Oxidants affect the innate immune system through recognizing microbial-derived pathogens by Toll-like receptors and initiating the inflammatory process. Most of the gut microbiome research work highlights the relationship between the gut microbiota and AD, but the contributory connection between precise bacteria and brain dysfunction in AD pathology cannot be fully demonstrated. Here, we summarize the current information of the fundamental connections between oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis in AD. This review emphasizes on the involvement of gut microbiota in the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, immune responses including central and peripheral cross-talk. It provides insights for novel preventative and therapeutic approaches in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar K Das
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhanu P Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Yan L, Guo X, Zhou J, Zhu Y, Zhang Z, Chen H. Quercetin Prevents Intestinal Stem Cell Aging via Scavenging ROS and Inhibiting Insulin Signaling in Drosophila. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010059. [PMID: 36670921 PMCID: PMC9854609 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells, a class of cells that possess self-renewal and differentiation capabilities, modulate tissue regeneration, repair, and homeostasis maintenance. These cells undergo functional degeneration during aging, resulting in decreased tissue regeneration ability and increased disease incidence. Thus, it is essential to provide effective therapeutic solutions to preventing the aging-related functional decline of stem cells. Quercetin (Que) is a popular natural polyphenolic flavonoid found in various plant species. It exhibits many beneficial effects against aging and aging-related diseases; however, its efficacy against adult stem cell aging remains largely unclear. Drosophila possesses a mammalian-like intestinal system with a well-studied intestinal stem cell (ISC) lineage, making it an attractive model for adult stem cell research. Here, we show that Que supplementation could effectively prevent the hyperproliferation of ISCs, maintain intestinal homeostasis, and prolong the lifespan in aged Drosophila. In addition, we found that Que could accelerate recovery of the damaged gut and improve the tolerance of Drosophila to stressful stimuli. Furthermore, results demonstrated that Que prevents the age-associated functional decline of ISCs via scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting the insulin signaling pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that Que plays a significant role in delaying adult stem cell aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- La Yan
- Department of Oncology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xiaoxin Guo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Juanyu Zhou
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yuedan Zhu
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Zehong Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Haiyang Chen
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Aging Research, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Correspondence:
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Vrettou S, Wirth B. S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation in Mitochondria: Focus on Homeostasis and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415849. [PMID: 36555492 PMCID: PMC9779533 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox post-translational modifications are derived from fluctuations in the redox potential and modulate protein function, localization, activity and structure. Amongst the oxidative reversible modifications, the S-glutathionylation of proteins was the first to be characterized as a post-translational modification, which primarily protects proteins from irreversible oxidation. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that S-glutathionylation plays a key role in core cell processes, particularly in mitochondria, which are the main source of reactive oxygen species. S-nitrosylation, another post-translational modification, was identified >150 years ago, but it was re-introduced as a prototype cell-signaling mechanism only recently, one that tightly regulates core processes within the cell’s sub-compartments, especially in mitochondria. S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are modulated by fluctuations in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and, in turn, orchestrate mitochondrial bioenergetics machinery, morphology, nutrients metabolism and apoptosis. In many neurodegenerative disorders, mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative/nitrosative stresses trigger or exacerbate their pathologies. Despite the substantial amount of research for most of these disorders, there are no successful treatments, while antioxidant supplementation failed in the majority of clinical trials. Herein, we discuss how S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation interfere in mitochondrial homeostasis and how the deregulation of these modifications is associated with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Friedreich’s ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Vrettou
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (B.W.)
| | - Brunhilde Wirth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50674 Cologne, Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.V.); (B.W.)
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Tanaka H, Sun T, Kinashi H, Kamiya K, Yamaguchi M, Nobata H, Sakata F, Kim H, Mizuno M, Kunoki S, Sakai Y, Hirayama A, Soga T, Yoshikawa K, Ishimoto T, Ito Y. Interleukin-6 blockade reduces salt-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in subtotal nephrectomized mice. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 323:F654-F665. [PMID: 36173728 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00396.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common comorbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), affecting both their prognosis and quality of life. Cardiac fibrosis is common in patients with CKD with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and it is associated with increased risk of heart failure and mortality. Recent evidence suggests that high salt intake activates immune responses associated with local accumulation of sodium. We reported that high salt intake promotes cardiac inflammation in subtotal nephrectomized (Nx) mice. We investigated the effects of administration of MR16-1, a rat anti-mouse monoclonal interleukin (IL)-6 receptor antibody, in Nx mice with salt loading (Nx-salt). Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNAs and macrophage infiltration was significantly reduced in the heart of Nx-salt mice treated with MR16-1 (Nx-salt-MR16-1) compared with Nx-salt mice treated with control rat rat IgG1 (Nx-salt-rat IgG1). Correspondingly, cardiac fibrosis was significantly attenuated in Nx-salt-MR16-1 mice compared with Nx-salt-rat IgG1 mice. Furthermore, in the heart of Nx-salt-MR16-1 mice, expression of mRNA for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-2, an oxidative stress marker, was significantly downregulated compared with Nx-salt-rat IgG1 mice. Increases in cardiac metabolites, including histidine and γ-butyrobetaine, were also reversed by IL-6 blockade treatment. In conclusion, IL-6 blockade exerts anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and partial antioxidative effects in the heart of Nx-salt mice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the present study, IL-6 blockade exerted anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and partial antioxidative effects on the hearts of mice with CKD on a high-salt diet. Therefore, IL-6 potentially mediates cardiac fibrosis induced by high salt intake in patients with CKD, a finding with therapeutic implications. Of note, the next therapeutic implication may simply be the reinforcement of low-salt diets or diuretics and further research on the anti-inflammatory effects of these measures rather than IL-6 blockade with high-salt diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Tanaka
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ting Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kinashi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kamiya
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hironobu Nobata
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Fumiko Sakata
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hangsoo Kim
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masashi Mizuno
- Department of Nephrology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunnosuke Kunoki
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan.,Department of Nephrology, Nihon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukinao Sakai
- Department of Nephrology, Nihon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshikawa
- Research Creation Support Centre, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Takuji Ishimoto
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Ito
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
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Yang J, Tang Q, Zeng Y. Melatonin: Potential avenue for treating iron overload disorders. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101717. [PMID: 35961513 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload as a highly risk factor, can be found in almost all human chronic and common diseases. Iron chelators are often used to treat iron overload; however, patient adherence to these chelators is poor due to obvious side effects and other disadvantages. Numerous studies have shown that melatonin has a high iron chelation ability and direct free radical scavenging activity, and can inhibit the lipid peroxidation process caused by iron overload. Therefore, melatonin may become potential complementary therapy for iron overload-related disorders due to its iron chelating and antioxidant activities. Here, the research progress of iron overload is reviewed and the therapeutic potential of melatonin in the treatment of iron overload is analyzed. In addition, studies related to the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative damage induced by iron overload are discussed. This review provides a foundation for preventing and treating iron homeostasis disorders with melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Yang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qinghua Tang
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhong Zeng
- Department of Osteoporosis, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Sun K, Li C, Liao S, Yao X, Ouyang Y, Liu Y, Wang Z, Li Z, Yao F. Ferritinophagy, a form of autophagic ferroptosis: New insights into cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1043344. [PMID: 36339539 PMCID: PMC9635757 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1043344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferritinophagy, a form of autophagy, is also an important part of ferroptosis, a type of regulated cell death resulting from abnormal iron metabolism involving the production of reactive oxygen species. As ferroptosis, autophagy and cancer have been revealed, ferritinophagy has attracted increasing attention in cancer development. In this review, we discuss the latest research progress on ferroptosis, autophagy-associated ferroptosis led by ferritinophagy, the regulators of ferritinophagy and promising cancer treatments that target ferritinophagy. Ferritinophagy is at the intersection of ferroptosis and autophagy and plays a significant role in cancer development. The discussed studies provide new insights into the mechanisms of ferritinophagy and promising related treatments for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenyuan Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shichong Liao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinrui Yao
- School of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, NSW, Australia
| | - Yang Ouyang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Yao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery. Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Abstract
NOX2 is the prototypical member of the NADPH oxidase NOX superfamily and produces superoxide (O2•-), a key reactive oxygen species (ROS) that is essential in innate and adaptive immunity. Mutations that lead to deficiency in NOX2 activity correlate with increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections, resulting in chronic granulomatous disease. The core of NOX2 is formed by a heterodimeric transmembrane complex composed of NOX2 (formerly gp91) and p22, but a detailed description of its structural architecture is lacking. Here, we present the structure of the human NOX2 core complex bound to a selective anti-NOX2 antibody fragment. The core complex reveals an intricate extracellular topology of NOX2, a four-transmembrane fold of the p22 subunit, and an extensive transmembrane interface which provides insights into NOX2 assembly and activation. Functional assays uncover an inhibitory activity of the 7G5 antibody mediated by internalization-dependent and internalization-independent mechanisms. Overall, our results provide insights into the NOX2 core complex architecture, disease-causing mutations, and potential avenues for selective NOX2 pharmacological modulation.
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Miyano K, Okamoto S, Kajikawa M, Kiyohara T, Kawai C, Yamauchi A, Kuribayashi F. Regulation of Derlin-1-mediated degradation of NADPH oxidase partner p22 phox by thiol modification. Redox Biol 2022; 56:102479. [PMID: 36122532 PMCID: PMC9486109 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane protein p22phox heterodimerizes with NADPH oxidase (Nox) 1–4 and is essential for the reactive oxygen species-producing capacity of oxidases. Missense mutations in the p22phox gene prevent the formation of phagocytic Nox2-based oxidase, which contributes to host defense. This results in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), a severe primary immunodeficiency syndrome. In this study, we characterized missense mutations in p22phox (L51Q, L52P, E53V, and P55R) in the A22° type (wherein the p22phox protein is undetectable) of CGD. We demonstrated that these substitutions enhanced the degradation of the p22phox protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the binding of p22phox to Derlin-1, a key component of ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Therefore, the L51-L52-E53-P55 sequence is responsible for protein stability in the ER. We observed that the oxidation of the thiol group of Cys-50, which is adjacent to the L51-L52-E53-P55 sequence, suppressed p22phox degradation. However, the suppression effect was markedly attenuated by the serine substitution of Cys-50. Blocking the free thiol of Cys-50 by alkylation or C50S substitution promoted the association of p22phox with Derlin-1. Derlin-1 depletion partially suppressed the degradation of p22phox mutant proteins. Furthermore, heterodimerization with p22phox (C50S) induced rapid degradation of not only Nox2 but also nonphagocytic Nox4 protein, which is responsible for redox signaling. Thus, the redox-sensitive Cys-50 appears to determine whether p22phox becomes a target for degradation by the ERAD system through its interaction with Derlin-1. Missense mutations in exon 3 of p22phox enhance the binding of p22phox to Derlin-1. Oxidation of the thiol group of p22phox Cys50 suppresses p22phox degradation. Serine substitution of Cys-50 increases the affinity of p22phox for Derlin-1. Stability of the p22phox protein is regulated by redox-sensitive Cys-50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Miyano
- Department of Natural Sciences, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Shuichiro Okamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Mizuho Kajikawa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Takuya Kiyohara
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Chikage Kawai
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Akira Yamauchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Futoshi Kuribayashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Hewitt OH, Degnan SM. Distribution and diversity of ROS-generating enzymes across the animal kingdom, with a focus on sponges (Porifera). BMC Biol 2022; 20:212. [PMID: 36175868 PMCID: PMC9524095 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01414-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive derivatives of oxygen (reactive oxygen species; ROS) are essential in signalling networks of all aerobic life. Redox signalling, based on cascades of oxidation-reduction reactions, is an evolutionarily ancient mechanism that uses ROS to regulate an array of vital cellular processes. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide anion (O2•-) are employed as signalling molecules that alter the oxidation state of atoms, inhibiting or activating gene activity. Here, we conduct metazoan-wide comparative genomic assessments of the two enzyme families, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and NADPH oxidases (NOX), that generate H2O2 and/or O2•- in animals. RESULTS Using the genomes of 19 metazoan species representing 10 phyla, we expand significantly on previous surveys of these two ancient enzyme families. We find that the diversity and distribution of both the SOD and NOX enzyme families comprise some conserved members but also vary considerably across phyletic animal lineages. For example, there is substantial NOX gene loss in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and divergent SOD isoforms in the bilaterians D. melanogaster and C. elegans. We focus particularly on the sponges (phylum Porifera), a sister group to all other metazoans, from which these enzymes have not previously been described. Within Porifera, we find a unique calcium-regulated NOX, the widespread radiation of an atypical member of CuZnSOD named Rsod, and a novel endoplasmic reticulum MnSOD that is prevalent across aquatic metazoans. CONCLUSIONS Considering the precise, spatiotemporal specificity of redox signalling, our findings highlight the value of expanding redox research across a greater diversity of organisms to better understand the functional roles of these ancient enzymes within a universally important signalling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia H Hewitt
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Sandie M Degnan
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Marine Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Ni S, Yuan Y, Song S, Li X. A double-edged sword with a therapeutic target: iron and ferroptosis in immune regulation. Nutr Rev 2022; 81:587-596. [PMID: 36130411 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuac071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular activities such as DNA synthesis, adenosine triphosphate production, and mitochondrial respiration are affected by iron metabolism. Disturbance of iron homeostasis usually leads to damage in cells and organs in the context of iron overload or deficiency. Thus, iron, a key regulator in nutritional immunity, was shown to be critical in innate and adaptive immunity. Unlike apoptosis, ferroptosis, a feature of iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is thought to be associated with immune regulation because of its immunogenic nature. In this review, we summarize the role of iron and ferroptosis in immune regulation and discuss their therapeutic potential in the treatment of arthropathies like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Ni
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Yuan
- the State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shangdao Song
- the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Simulated Colonic Fluid Replicates the In Vivo Growth Capabilities of Citrobacter rodentium cpxRA Mutants and Uncovers Additive Effects of Cpx-Regulated Genes on Fitness. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0031422. [PMID: 36000875 PMCID: PMC9476912 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00314-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogen used to model enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections in mice. During colonization, C. rodentium must adapt to stresses in the gastrointestinal tract, such as antimicrobial peptides, pH changes, and bile salts. The Cpx envelope stress response (ESR) is a two-component system used by some bacteria to remediate stress by modulating gene expression, and it is necessary for C. rodentium pathogenesis in mice. Here, we utilized simulated colonic fluid (SCF) to mimic the gastrointestinal environment, which we show strongly induces the Cpx ESR and highlights a fitness defect specific to the ΔcpxRA mutant. While investigating genes in the Cpx regulon that may contribute to C. rodentium pathogenesis, we found that the absence of the Cpx ESR resulted in higher expression of the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) master regulator, ler, and that the genes yebE, ygiB, bssR, and htpX relied on CpxRA for proper expression. We then determined that CpxRA and select gene mutants were essential for proper growth in SCF when in the presence of extraneous stressors and in competition. Although none of the Cpx-regulated gene mutants exhibited marked virulence phenotypes in vivo, the ΔcpxRA mutant had reduced colonization and attenuated virulence, as previously determined, which replicated the in vitro growth phenotypes specific to SCF. Overall, these results indicate that the ΔcpxRA virulence defect is not due to any single Cpx regulon gene examined. Instead, attenuation may be the result of defective growth in the colonic environment resulting from the collective impact of multiple Cpx-regulated genes.
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Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke: Noncoding RNA Role in Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5815843. [PMID: 36132228 PMCID: PMC9484962 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5815843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a neurological disease that causes significant disability and death worldwide. Ischemic stroke accounts for 75% of all strokes. The pathophysiological processes underlying ischemic stroke include oxidative stress, the toxicity of excitatory amino acids, ion disorder, enhanced apoptosis, and inflammation. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) may have a vital role in regulating the pathophysiological processes of ischemic stroke, as confirmed by the altered expression of ncRNAs in blood samples from acute ischemic stroke patients, animal models, and oxygen-glucose-deprived (OGD) cell models. Due to specific changes in expression, ncRNAs can potentially be biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ischemic stroke. As an important brain cell component, glial cells mediate the occurrence and progression of oxidative stress after ischemic stroke, and ncRNAs are an irreplaceable part of this mechanism. This review highlights the impact of ncRNAs in the oxidative stress process of ischemic stroke. It focuses on specific ncRNAs that underlie the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke and have potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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