1
|
Gonzalez-Samano M, Villarreal HJ. Diabetes, life course and childhood socioeconomic conditions: an empirical assessment for Mexico. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1274. [PMID: 38724956 PMCID: PMC11084140 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demographic and epidemiological dynamics characterized by lower fertility rates and longer life expectancy, as well as higher prevalence of non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, represent important challenges for policy makers around the World. We investigate the risk factors that influence the diagnosis of diabetes in the Mexican population aged 50 years and over, including childhood poverty. RESULTS This work employs a probabilistic regression model with information from the Mexican Health and Aging Study (MHAS) of 2012 and 2018. Our results are consistent with the existing literature and should raise strong concerns. The findings suggest that risk factors that favor the diagnosis of diabetes in adulthood are: age, family antecedents of diabetes, obesity, and socioeconomic conditions during both adulthood and childhood. CONCLUSIONS Poverty conditions before the age 10, with inter-temporal poverty implications, are associated with a higher probability of being diagnosed with diabetes when older and pose extraordinary policy challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gonzalez-Samano
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Government and Public Transformation, EGyTP, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Hector J Villarreal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Government and Public Transformation, EGyTP, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang H, Akbari-Alavijeh S, Parhar RS, Gaugler R, Hashmi S. Partners in diabetes epidemic: A global perspective. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1463-1477. [PMID: 37970124 PMCID: PMC10642420 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i10.1463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a recent increase in the worldwide prevalence of both obesity and diabetes. In this review we assessed insulin signaling, genetics, environment, lipid metabolism dysfunction and mitochondria as the major determinants in diabetes and to identify the potential mechanism of gut microbiota in diabetes diseases. We searched relevant articles, which have key information from laboratory experiments, epidemiological evidence, clinical trials, experimental models, meta-analysis and review articles, in PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Google scholars and Cochrane Controlled Trial Database. We selected 144 full-length articles that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria for complete assessment. We have briefly discussed these associations, challenges, and the need for further research to manage and treat diabetes more efficiently. Diabetes involves the complex network of physiological dysfunction that can be attributed to insulin signaling, genetics, environment, obesity, mitochondria and stress. In recent years, there are intriguing findings regarding gut microbiome as the important regulator of diabetes. Valid approaches are necessary for speeding medical advances but we should find a solution sooner given the burden of the metabolic disorder - What we need is a collaborative venture that may involve laboratories both in academia and industries for the scientific progress and its application for the diabetes control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, Liaoning Province, China
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Safoura Akbari-Alavijeh
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Ranjit S Parhar
- Department of Biological and Medical Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randy Gaugler
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Sarwar Hashmi
- Rutgers Center for Vector Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
- Research and Diagnostics, Ghazala and Sanya Hashmi Foundation, Holmdel, NJ 07733, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ngwa NE, Matshazi DM, Davison GM, Kengne AP, Matsha TE. Association between the MTNR1B, HHEX, SLC30A8, and TCF7L2 single nucleotide polymorphisms and cardiometabolic risk profile in a mixed ancestry South African population. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17122. [PMID: 37816730 PMCID: PMC10564755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TCF7L2, HHEX, SLC30A8, MTNR1B, SLC2A2 and GLIS3 genes are well established candidate genes for cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) across different ethnic populations. We investigated their association with CMDs in a mixed ancestry population of South Africa. rs10830963, rs1111875, rs11920090, rs13266634, rs7034200 and rs7903146 SNPs were genotyped by quantitative real time PCR in 1650 participants and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) analyses performed on the SNPs. Diabetes, obesity, hypertension and cardiometabolic traits were compared across genotypes of SNPs in HWE. Linear and logistic regressions adjusting for age, gender and body mass index were used to determine the risk of T2DM, obesity and hypertension. rs7903146 (p = 0.055), rs1111875 (p = 0.465), rs13266634 (p = 0.828), and rs10830963 (p = 0.158) were in HWE. The rs10830963 recessive genotype was able to predict FPG, insulin and HOMA-IR, while the rs1111875 recessive genotype was able to predict total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol and FPG. The rs7903146 recessive genotype was able to predict SBP and LDL cholesterol. The recessive genotypes of MTNRIB and HHEX SNPs were associated with T2DM traits in the study population and could partially explain the high prevalence of T2DM. Further studies are required to confirm these findings and establish candidate genes in the African population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ndonwi Elvis Ngwa
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cardio-Metabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Old Science Building, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Laboratory for Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Biotechnology Center, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| | - Don Makwakiwe Matshazi
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cardio-Metabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Old Science Building, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenda Mary Davison
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cardio-Metabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Old Science Building, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre Pascal Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tandi Edith Matsha
- South African Medical Research Council/Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cardio-Metabolic Health Research Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Old Science Building, Cape Town, South Africa
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Alhilali MY, Alhilaly YS, Alkalash S. Knowledge and Attitude of School Students About Diabetes Mellitus in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e47514. [PMID: 38022000 PMCID: PMC10663975 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide public health issue. Diabetes has been developing dramatically among young individuals, and childhood onset is now becoming a global epidemic. Data on DM knowledge and attitude among Saudi school pupils in the western region of the country are few. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of school students toward DM in the western region of Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 850 school students in the western region of Saudi Arabia from October to December 2022. The data were collected using an online questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) (version 23.0; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY). RESULTS This study included 850 pupils in total. Females represented most of them (82.1%). The participants' ages ranged from 10 to 18 years, with the majority of them between the ages of 16 and 18. Self-reported diabetes among students was 9.5%, and the most prevalent type was type 1 diabetes. Regarding the physical activity of the participants, 22.6% of them conduct physical exercise for a duration of more than 30 minutes per day, with a significantly higher percentage among non-diabetics, while 34.6% of the diabetics do not exceed 20 minutes of daily exercise, with a P value of 0.017. School students showed a lack of information about symptoms and complications of DM where only diabetics could mention them when compared with non-diabetic students, with P values of <0.001 for each of them. Diabetic students listed DM risk factors, such as genetics, obesity, and smoking, more frequently than non-diabetics; the corresponding P values were 0.004, 0.001, and 0.041. Unfortunately, more than 32% of diabetic students had the misconception that DM is not a controllable disease. According to the majority of diabetic students, soft drinks raise blood sugar levels. The Internet was the main source of information about DM. CONCLUSION The school students' understanding of DM was generally suboptimal. Their understanding of the symptoms, effects, and management of diabetes was low. Most school students in this cohort perceived that DM could not be controlled. Given the high rate of self-reported diabetes in the western region of Saudi Arabia, it is strongly advised to educate children about DM at an early age. Every student at school should adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet and regular exercise, and they should be closely observed by their teachers and parents. Family physicians should regularly check the adherence of diabetic children to their antidiabetic medications and ensure this important point with their caregivers. Psychological assessment and counseling are highly recommended for all diabetic children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Y Alhilali
- College of Medicine and Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
| | | | - Safa Alkalash
- College of Community Medicine and Healthcare, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Qunfudah, SAU
- College of Family Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, EGY
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Albogami S. Genome-Wide Identification of lncRNA and mRNA for Diagnosing Type 2 Diabetes in Saudi Arabia. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:859-882. [PMID: 37731406 PMCID: PMC10508282 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s427977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose According to the World Health Organization, Saudi Arabia ranks seventh worldwide in the number of patients with diabetes mellitus. To our knowledge, no research has addressed the potential of noncoding RNA as a diagnostic and/or management biomarker for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) living in high-altitude areas. This study aimed to identify molecular biomarkers influencing patients with T2DM living in high-altitude areas by analyzing lncRNA and mRNA. Patients and Methods RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were used to identify significantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in T2DM and healthy control groups. Coding potential was analyzed using coding-noncoding indices, the coding potential calculator, and PFAM, and the lncRNA function was predicted using Pearson's correlation. Differentially expressed transcripts between the groups were identified, and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed to identify the biological functions of both lncRNAs and mRNAs. Results We assembled 1766 lncRNAs in the T2DM group, of which 582 were novel. This study identified three lncRNA target genes (KLF2, CREBBP, and REL) and seven mRNAs (PIK3CD, PIK3R5, IL6R, TYK2, ZAP70, LAMTOR4, and SSH2) significantly enriched in important pathways, playing a role in the progression of T2DM. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this comprehensive study is the first to explore the applicability of certain lncRNAs as diagnostic or management biomarkers for T2DM in females in Taif City, Saudi Arabia through the genome-wide identification of lncRNA and mRNA profiling using RNA seq and bioinformatics analysis. Our findings could help in the early diagnosis of T2DM and in designing effective therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Albogami
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hadd MJ, Bienhoff SE, Little SE, Geller S, Ogne‐Stevenson J, Dupree TJ, Scott‐Moncrieff JC. Safety and effectiveness of the sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor bexagliflozin in cats newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:915-924. [PMID: 37148170 PMCID: PMC10229323 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bexagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor. A pilot study has shown that bexagliflozin can decrease dependence on exogenous insulin in cats with diabetes mellitus (DM). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of bexagliflozin as a monotherapy for DM in previously untreated cats. ANIMALS Eighty-four client-owned cats. METHODS Historically controlled prospective open-label clinical trial. Cats were dosed PO with 15 mg bexagliflozin once daily for 56 days, with a 124-day extension to evaluate safety and treatment effect durability. The primary endpoint was the proportion of cats experiencing a decrease in hyperglycemia and improvement in clinical signs of hyperglycemia from baseline on day 56. RESULTS Of 84 enrolled cats, 81 were evaluable on day 56, and 68 (84.0%) were treatment successes. Decreases in mean serum glucose, fructosamine, and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) concentrations were observed, and investigator assessments of cat neurological status, musculature, and hair coat quality improved. Owner evaluations of both cat and owner quality of life were favorable. The fructosamine half-life in diabetic cats was found to be 6.8 days. Commonly observed adverse events included emesis, diarrhea, anorexia, lethargy, and dehydration. Eight cats experienced serious adverse events, 3 of which led to death or euthanasia. The most important adverse event was euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, diagnosed in 3 cats and presumed present in a fourth. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Bexagliflozin decreased hyperglycemia and observed clinical signs in cats newly diagnosed with DM. As a once-daily PO medication, bexagliflozin may simplify management of DM in cats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Samuel Geller
- Quakertown Veterinary ClinicQuakertownPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | - J. Catharine Scott‐Moncrieff
- Department of Veterinary Clinical SciencesPurdue University College of Veterinary MedicineWest LafayetteIndianaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Duschek E, Forer L, Schönherr S, Gieger C, Peters A, Kronenberg F, Grallert H, Lamina C. A polygenic and family risk score are both independently associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in a population-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4805. [PMID: 36959271 PMCID: PMC10036612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31496-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of polygenic scores for type 2 diabetes (T2D) raises the question, whether assessing family history might become redundant. However, family history not only involves shared genetics, but also shared environment. It was the aim of this study to assess the independent and combined effects of one family risk score (FamRS) and a polygenic score (PGS) on prevalent and incident T2D risk in a population-based study from Germany (n = 3071). The study was conducted in 2004/2005 with up to 12 years of follow-up. The FamRS takes into account not only the number of diseased first grade relatives, but also age at onset of the relatives and age of participants. 256 prevalent and additional 163 incident T2D cases were recorded. Prevalence of T2D increased sharply for those within the top quantile of the PGS distribution resulting in an OR of 19.16 (p < 2 × 10-16) for the top 20% compared to the remainder of the population, independent of age, sex, BMI, physical activity and FamRS. On the other hand, having a very strong family risk compared to average was still associated with an OR of 2.78 (p = 0.001), independent of the aforementioned factors and the PGS. The PGS and FamRS were only slightly correlated (r2Spearman = 0.018). The combined contribution of both factors varied with varying age-groups, though, with decreasing influence of the PGS with increasing age. To conclude, both, genetic information and family history are relevant for the prediction of T2D risk and might be used for identification of high risk groups to personalize prevention measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Duschek
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lukas Forer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Schönherr
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Research Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK e.V.), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molekulargenetische Diagnostik des Diabetes mellitus. DIABETOLOGE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11428-022-00876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
9
|
El-Kebbi IM, Bidikian NH, Hneiny L, Nasrallah MP. Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa: Challenges and call for action. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1401-1425. [PMID: 34630897 PMCID: PMC8472500 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i9.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes continues to be a serious and highly prevalent public health problem worldwide. In 2019, the highest prevalence of diabetes in the world at 12.2%, with its associated morbidity and mortality, was found in the Middle East and North Africa region. In addition to a genetic predisposition in its population, evidence suggests that obesity, physical inactivity, urbanization, and poor nutritional habits have contributed to the high prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in the region. These risk factors have also led to an earlier onset of type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents, negatively affecting the productive years of the youth and their quality of life. Furthermore, efforts to control the rising prevalence of diabetes and its complications have been challenged and complicated by the political instability and armed conflict in some countries of the region and the recent coronavirus disease 2019. Broad strategies, coupled with targeted interventions at the regional, national, and community levels are needed to address and curb the spread of this public health crisis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imad M El-Kebbi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City, Abou Dhabi 11001, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nayda H Bidikian
- School of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Layal Hneiny
- University Libraries, Saab Medical Library, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| | - Mona Philippe Nasrallah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Riaz F, Al Shaikh A, Anjum Q, Mudawi Alqahtani Y, Shahid S. Factors related to the uncontrolled fasting blood sugar among type 2 diabetic patients attending primary health care center, Abha city, Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14168. [PMID: 33756012 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors related to uncontrolled fasting blood sugar among type 2 diabetic patients. METHODOLOGY A systematic random sampling technique was followed to include 450 diabetic patients attending Al-Qabil Primary Health Care Center in Abha City, Saudi Arabia. Collected data comprised sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, height, weight, education, employment, body mass index, and smoking), while disease-related characteristics included duration of diabetes, fasting blood sugar control, hypertension, and regularity of follow up visits. RESULTS Fasting blood sugar was uncontrolled among 76.9% of selected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Overweight and obesity were present among 81.6%. Significant risk factors for uncontrolled blood sugar included older age, male gender (P = .037), illiteracy (P = .020), being employed (P = .003), longer duration of disease (P = .023), hypertension (P = .010), and smoking (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of uncontrolled fasting blood sugar is high among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors associated with uncontrolled fasting blood sugar include older age, male gender, illiteracy, being employed, longer duration of disease, hypertension, smoking, and obesity. Therefore, for better control of blood sugar among diabetics, it is recommended to control the blood pressure and body weight of diabetics and avoid smoking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Riaz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Shaikh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qudsia Anjum
- Specialist Family Medicine, Burjeel Marina Health Promotion Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Sadia Shahid
- Department of Pharmacology, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Association of APOE genotype with lipid profiles and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Korean population. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:725-735. [PMID: 33864613 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with chronic hyperglycemia and lipid metabolism. A previous genome-wide association study revealed the TOMM40-APOE region as novel locus for T2DM susceptibility. OBJECTIVE This association study was conducted to determine the genetic effects of APOE single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on T2DM susceptibility and lipid profiles in a Korean population. METHODS A total of 6 tagging SNPs, including rs7412 and rs429358, were selected for ε genotype analysis and genotyped in 1436 subjects, consisting of 352 T2DM patients and 1084 unaffected controls. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses were conducted and there were no significant associations among the APOE 6 tagging SNPs, ε genotypes, and haplotypes with T2DM susceptibility. To investigate the association of the APOE tagging SNPs with the lipid profiles, a regression analysis was conducted. As a result, rs7412 was significantly associated with the total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels (Pcorr = 2.30 × 10-5 and 3.39 × 10-13, respectively) in the unaffected controls. The ε2 allele and ε3 allele were significantly associated with the TC (Pcorr = 4.46 × 10-6 and 0.02, respectively) and LDL levels (Pcorr = 3.54 × 10-14 and 0.0006, respectively) in the unaffected controls. Further analysis of only the unaffected controls was conducted. As a result, the APOE alleles ε2 and ε3 showed a significant association with the TC and LDL levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study may help in understanding APOE polymorphisms and ε alleles and lipid profiles, which have been highly linked to T2DM, in a Korean population.
Collapse
|
12
|
Choi WJ, Jin HS, Kim SS, Shin D. Dietary Protein and Fat Intake Affects Diabetes Risk with CDKAL1 Genetic Variants in Korean Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165607. [PMID: 32764395 PMCID: PMC7460637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) is one of the strongest diabetes loci identified to date; evidence suggests that it plays an important role in insulin secretion. Dietary factors that affect insulin demand might enhance the risk of diabetes associated with CDKAL1 variants. Our aim was to examine the interactions between dietary protein and fat intake and CDKAL1 genetic variants in relation to the risk of diabetes in Korean adults. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected with a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for diabetes after adjustment for age, gender, and examination site. Using data from the Health Examinees (HEXA) Study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), 3988 middle-aged Korean adults between 40–76 years of age (2034 men and 1954 women) were included in the study. Finally, rs7756992 located within the CDKAL1 gene region was selected from GWAS (p-value < 5 × 10−8). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the interactions between genotypes and dietary protein and fat intake in relation to diabetes risk after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, waist circumference, physical activity, smoking status, drinking habits, and examination site. Significant interactions between CDKAL1 rs7756992 and dietary protein and fat intake for the risk of diabetes were observed in men (p-value < 0.05). In women, significant interactions between dietary protein and fat intake and CDKAL1 variants (rs7756992) were associated with increased risk of diabetes (p-value < 0.05). Dietary protein and fat intake interacted differently with CDKAL1 variants in relation to the risk of diabetes in Korean adults of both genders. These findings indicate that CDKAL1 variants play a significant role in diabetes and that dietary protein and fat intake could affect these associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Woo Jeong Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, Korea; (H.-S.J.); (S.-S.K.)
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, Chungnam 31499, Korea; (H.-S.J.); (S.-S.K.)
| | - Dayeon Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-860-8123
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Lucena TMC, da Silva Santos AF, de Lima BR, de Albuquerque Borborema ME, de Azevêdo Silva J. Mechanism of inflammatory response in associated comorbidities in COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2020; 14:597-600. [PMID: 32417709 PMCID: PMC7215143 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The outbreak of the new coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, causes a respiratory disease and individuals with pre-existing cardiometabolic disorders display worse prognosis through the infection course. The aim of this minireview is to present epidemiological data related to metabolic comorbidities in association with the SARS-CoV-2. METHODS This is a narrative mini-review with Pubmed search until April 23, 2020 using the keywords COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, treatment of coronavirus and following terms: diabetes mellitus, obesity, arterial hypertension, ACE-inhibitors, cytokine storm, immune response and vitamin D. RESULTS Studies indicate that obese individuals are more likely to develop infections, and that adipose tissue serves as a pathogen reservoir. In diabetic individuals higher rate of inflammatory processes is seen due to constant glucose recognition by C type lectin receptors. Hypertensive individuals, usually grouped with other conditions, are treated with drugs to reduce blood pressure mostly through ACEi and ARB, that leads to increased ACE2 expression, used by SARS-CoV-2 for human's cell entry. Until now, the studies have shown that individuals with those conditions and affected by COVID-19 present an uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and an unbalanced immune response, leading to the cytokine storm phenomenon. Vitamin D is highlighted as a potential therapeutic target, because in addition to acting on the immune system, it plays an important role in the control of cardiometabolic diseases. CONCLUSION Currently, since there is no proven and effective antiviral therapy for SARS-CoV-2, the efforts should focus on controlling inflammatory response and reduce the risks of associated complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thays Maria Costa de Lucena
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ariane Fernandes da Silva Santos
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Brenda Regina de Lima
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Albuquerque Borborema
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Azevêdo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hadi Alijanvand M, Aminorroaya A, Kazemi I, Amini M, Aminorroaya Yamini S, Mansourian M. Prevalence and predictors of prediabetes and its coexistence with high blood pressure in first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes: A 9-year cohort study. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 25:31. [PMID: 32419788 PMCID: PMC7213002 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_472_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: Prediabetes is strongly associated with high blood pressure; however, a little is known about prediabetes and high blood pressure comorbidity in the high-risk individuals. This is the first study in the world to assess the long-term effects of risk factors associated with high blood pressure and prediabetes comorbidity in the first-degree relatives (FDRs) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal data obtained from 1388 nondiabetic FDRs of T2DM patients with at least two visits between 2003 and 2011. We used univariate and bivariate mixed-effects logistic regressions with a Bayesian approach to identify longitudinal predictors of high blood pressure and prediabetes separately and simultaneously. Results: The baseline prevalence of high blood pressure, prediabetes, and the coexistence of both was 27.4%, 19.1%, and 29.8%, respectively. The risks of high blood pressure and prediabetes were increased by one-unit raise in the age (odds ratio [OR] of high blood pressure: 1.419 (95% credible intervals [CI], 1.077–1.877), prediabetes: 1.055 (95% CI: 1.040–1.068)) and one-unit raise in remnant-cholesterol (OR of high blood pressure: 1.093 (95%CI, 1.067–1.121), and prediabetes: 1.086 (95% CI, 1.043–1.119)). Obese participants were more likely to have high blood pressure (OR: 2.443 [95% CI, 1.978–3.031]) and prediabetes (OR: 1.399 [95% CI, 1.129–1.730]) than other participants. Conclusion: We have introduced remnant-cholesterol, along with obesity and age, as a significant predictor of prediabetes, high blood pressure, and the coexistence of both in the FDRs of diabetic patients. Obesity index and remnant-cholesterol showed the stronger effects on high blood pressure and prediabetes comorbidity than on each condition separately.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moluk Hadi Alijanvand
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Student Research Center, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ashraf Aminorroaya
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Iraj Kazemi
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoud Amini
- Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Marjan Mansourian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Centre, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Al Thani M, Sadoun E, Sofroniou A, Jayyousi A, Baagar KAM, Al Hammaq A, Vinodson B, Akram H, Bhatti ZS, Nasser HS, Leventakou V. The effect of vitamin D supplementation on the glycemic control of pre-diabetic Qatari patients in a randomized control trial. BMC Nutr 2020; 5:46. [PMID: 32153959 PMCID: PMC7050821 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-019-0311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency is associated with indicators of pre-diabetes including, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated plasma glucose with controversial findings from current trials. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and highly vitamin-deficient subjects. Methods One hundred thirty-two participants were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 6 months. Participants underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 3-month intervals to determine the change in plasma glucose concentration at 2 h after 75 g OGTT (2hPCG). Secondary measurements included glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, post-prandial insulin, indices of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index), β-cell function (HOMA-β, glucose and insulin area under the curve (AUC), disposition and insulinogenic indices), and lipid profile. Results A total of 57 (vitamin D) and 75 (placebo) subjects completed the study. Mean baseline serum 25(OH) D levels were 17.0 ng/ml and 14.9 ng/ml for placebo and vitamin D group, respectively. No significant differences were observed for 2hPC glucose or insulin sensitivity indices between groups. HOMA-β significantly decreased in the vitamin D group, while area under curve for glucose and insulin showed a significant reduction in β-cell function in both groups. Additionally, HOMA-β was found to be significantly different between control and treatment group and significance persisted after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion Vitamin D supplementation in a pre-diabetic and severely vitamin-deficient population had no effect on glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity. The observed reduction in β-cell function in both placebo and vitamin D groups could be attributed to factors other than supplementation. Trial registration NCT02098980, 28/03/2014 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman Sadoun
- 2Biomedical Research Department, Ministry of Public Health, P.O. Box 42, Al Khaleej Str, Al Rumaila, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Amin Jayyousi
- 3Diabetes and Endocrine Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Hammad Akram
- 1Public Health Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zaid Shakoor Bhatti
- 2Biomedical Research Department, Ministry of Public Health, P.O. Box 42, Al Khaleej Str, Al Rumaila, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Vasiliki Leventakou
- 2Biomedical Research Department, Ministry of Public Health, P.O. Box 42, Al Khaleej Str, Al Rumaila, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Asamoah EA, Obirikorang C, Acheampong E, Annani-Akollor ME, Laing EF, Owiredu EW, Anto EO. Heritability and Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:3198671. [PMID: 32685554 PMCID: PMC7352126 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3198671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is observing an accelerating prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) influenced by gene-environment interaction of modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the heritability and genetic risk of T2DM in SSA. METHODS We reviewed all published articles on T2DM in SSA between January 2000 and December 2019 and available in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that reported on the genetics and/or heritability of T2DM or indicators of glycaemia were included. Data extracted included the study design, records of family history, pattern and characteristics of inheritance, genetic determinants, and effects estimates. RESULTS The pattern and characteristics of T2DM heritability in SSA are preference for maternal aggregation, higher among first degree compared to second-degree relatives; early age-onset (<50 years), and inherited abnormalities of beta-cell function/mass. The overall prevalence of T2DM was 28.2% for the population with a positive family history (PFH) and 11.2% for the population with negative family history (NFH). The pooled odds ratio of the impact of PFH on T2DM was 3.29 (95% CI: 2.40-4.52). Overall, 28 polymorphisms in 17 genes have been investigated in relation with T2DM in SSA. Almost all studies used the candidate gene approach with most (45.8%) of genetic studies published between 2011 and 2015. Polymorphisms in ABCC8, Haptoglobin, KCNJ11, ACDC, ENPP1, TNF-α, and TCF7L2 were found to be associated with T2DM, with overlapping effect on specific cardiometabolic traits. Genome-wide studies identified ancestry-specific signals (AGMO-rs73284431, VT11A-rs17746147, and ZRANB3) and TCF7L2-rs7903146 as the only transferable genetic risk variants to SSA population. TCF7L2-rs7903146 polymorphism was investigated in multiple studies with consistent effects and low-moderate statistical heterogeneity. Effect sizes were modestly strong [odds ratio = 6.17 (95% CI: 2.03-18.81), codominant model; 2.27 (95% CI: 1.50-3.44), additive model; 1.75 (95% CI: 1.18-2.59), recessive model]. Current evidence on the heritability and genetic markers of T2DM in SSA populations is limited and largely insufficient to reliably inform the genetic architecture of T2DM across SSA regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evans Adu Asamoah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Christian Obirikorang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Acheampong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Max Efui Annani-Akollor
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Edwin Ferguson Laing
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Eddie-Williams Owiredu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| | - Enoch Odame Anto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Udler MS, McCarthy MI, Florez JC, Mahajan A. Genetic Risk Scores for Diabetes Diagnosis and Precision Medicine. Endocr Rev 2019; 40:1500-1520. [PMID: 31322649 PMCID: PMC6760294 DOI: 10.1210/er.2019-00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During the last decade, there have been substantial advances in the identification and characterization of DNA sequence variants associated with individual predisposition to type 1 and type 2 diabetes. As well as providing insights into the molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms involved in disease pathogenesis, these risk variants, when combined into a polygenic score, capture information on individual patterns of disease predisposition that have the potential to influence clinical management. In this review, we describe the various opportunities that polygenic scores provide: to predict diabetes risk, to support differential diagnosis, and to understand phenotypic and clinical heterogeneity. We also describe the challenges that will need to be overcome if this potential is to be fully realized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam S Udler
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mark I McCarthy
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jose C Florez
- Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kerner G, Ramirez-Alejo N, Seeleuthner Y, Yang R, Ogishi M, Cobat A, Patin E, Quintana-Murci L, Boisson-Dupuis S, Casanova JL, Abel L. Homozygosity for TYK2 P1104A underlies tuberculosis in about 1% of patients in a cohort of European ancestry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:10430-10434. [PMID: 31068474 PMCID: PMC6534977 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1903561116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human genetic basis of tuberculosis (TB) has long remained elusive. We recently reported a high level of enrichment in homozygosity for the common TYK2 P1104A variant in a heterogeneous cohort of patients with TB from non-European countries in which TB is endemic. This variant is homozygous in ∼1/600 Europeans and ∼1/5,000 people from other countries outside East Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. We report a study of this variant in the UK Biobank cohort. The frequency of P1104A homozygotes was much higher in patients with TB (6/620, 1%) than in controls (228/114,473, 0.2%), with an odds ratio (OR) adjusted for ancestry of 5.0 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.96-10.31, P = 2 × 10-3]. Conversely, we did not observe enrichment for P1104A heterozygosity, or for TYK2 I684S or V362F homozygosity or heterozygosity. Moreover, it is unlikely that more than 10% of controls were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as 97% were of European genetic ancestry, born between 1939 and 1970, and resided in the United Kingdom. Had all of them been infected, the OR for developing TB upon infection would be higher. These findings suggest that homozygosity for TYK2 P1104A may account for ∼1% of TB cases in Europeans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Noe Ramirez-Alejo
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR2000, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France;
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 75015 Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR 1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, 75015 Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, 75015 Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abuhendi N, Qush A, Naji F, Abunada H, Al Buainain R, Shi Z, Zayed H. Genetic polymorphisms associated with type 2 diabetes in the Arab world: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2019; 151:198-208. [PMID: 30954515 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS T2DM reach epidemic levels in the Arab countries. In this study, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to underline the susceptibility genetic profile of Arab patients with T2DM that result from SNPs. METHODS We searched four literature databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science) through January 2019. We included all SNPs in candidate genes with an OR > 1 that were associated with T2DM among Arab patients with T2DM. Statistical programs such as software Review Manager (Version 5.02) and STATA (Version 15.1) were used. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random effects model or a fixed effect model depending on the heterogeneity among studies. I2 statistics and Egger's tests were performed to assess heterogeneity and publication bias. RESULTS Out of 2245 studies, 47 were used for meta-analysis. We captured 31,307 cases and 26,464 controls in which we collected 71 SNPs in 32 genes. A pooled meta-analysis demonstrated 24-69% increase in T2DM risk. Among the 57 SNPs (in 32 genes) that were not included in the meta-analysis, the OR for diabetes ranged from 1.02 to 5.10, with a median of 1.38 (interquartile range 1.33-2.09). Ten studies examined the association between the TCF7L2 polymorphism rs7903146 and T2DM, leading to an aggregated OR of 1.34 (95%CI 1.27-1.41). CONCLUSION The genetic profile that confer susceptibility to T2DM in Arab patients is diverse. This study may serve as a platform for designing a gene panel for testing the susceptibility to T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Najat Abuhendi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abeer Qush
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fozieh Naji
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hanan Abunada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reeham Al Buainain
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Zumin Shi
- Department of Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Possible Prevention of Diabetes with a Gluten-Free Diet. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111746. [PMID: 30428550 PMCID: PMC6266002 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gluten seems a potentially important determinant in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Intake of gluten, a major component of wheat, rye, and barley, affects the microbiota and increases the intestinal permeability. Moreover, studies have demonstrated that gluten peptides, after crossing the intestinal barrier, lead to a more inflammatory milieu. Gluten peptides enter the pancreas where they affect the morphology and might induce beta-cell stress by enhancing glucose- and palmitate-stimulated insulin secretion. Interestingly, animal studies and a human study have demonstrated that a gluten-free (GF) diet during pregnancy reduces the risk of T1D. Evidence regarding the role of a GF diet in T2D is less clear. Some studies have linked intake of a GF diet to reduced obesity and T2D and suggested a role in reducing leptin- and insulin-resistance and increasing beta-cell volume. The current knowledge indicates that gluten, among many environmental factors, may be an aetiopathogenic factors for development of T1D and T2D. However, human intervention trials are needed to confirm this and the proposed mechanisms.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wu Y, Hu Y, Yuan Y, Luo Y, lai D, Zhou H, Tong Z, Liu D. Gymnemic acid I triggers mechanistic target of rapamycin‐mediated β cells cytoprotection through the promotion of autophagy under high glucose stress. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9370-9377. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyang Wu
- Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
| | - Yongquan Hu
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology Changsha China
| | - Yuju Yuan
- Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
| | - Yushuang Luo
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology Changsha China
| | - Dengni lai
- Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
| | - Haiyan Zhou
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology Changsha China
| | - Zhongyi Tong
- Department of Pathology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China
| | - Dongbo Liu
- Horticulture and Landscape College, Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
- Hunan Co‐Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients Changsha China
- State Key Laboratory of Subhealth Intervention Technology Changsha China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
The Association of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) Gene Polymorphism (+1059 G>C) With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Northwestern Population of Iran. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.65871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
23
|
Mishra R, Hodge KM, Cousminer DL, Leslie RD, Grant SFA. A Global Perspective of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2018; 29:638-650. [PMID: 30041834 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is characterized by the presence of islet autoantibodies and initial insulin independence, which can lead to misdiagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). As such, understanding the genetic etiology of LADA could aid in more accurate diagnosis. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the exact definition of LADA, so understanding its impact in different populations when contrasted with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and T2D is one potential strategy to gain insight into its etiology. Unfortunately, the lack of consistent and thorough autoantibody screening around the world has hampered well-powered genetic studies of LADA. This review highlights recent genetic and epidemiological studies of LADA in diverse populations as well as the importance of autoantibody screening in facilitating future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Mishra
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Graduate Group in Genomics and Computational Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; These authors contributed equally
| | - Kenyaita M Hodge
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; These authors contributed equally
| | - Diana L Cousminer
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Richard D Leslie
- Department of Immunobiology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AD, UK
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Adams JD, Vella A. What Can Diabetes-Associated Genetic Variation in TCF7L2 Teach Us About the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes? Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:383-389. [PMID: 29993315 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a polygenic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia occurring as a result of impaired insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance. Among the various genetic factors associated with T2DM, a common genetic variant within the transcription factor 7-like 2 locus (TCF7L2) confers the greatest genetic risk for development of the disease. However, the mechanism(s) by which TCF7L2 predisposes to diabetes remain uncertain. Here we review the current literature pertaining to the potential mechanisms by which TCF7L2 confers risk of T2DM, using genetic variation as a probe to understand the pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Adams
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Adrian Vella
- Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine , Rochester, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Al-Naemi AH, Ahmad AJ. Is the rs1801282 (G/C) Polymorphism of PPAR - Gamma Gene Associated with T2DM in Iraqi People? Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:447-455. [PMID: 29610599 PMCID: PMC5874364 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pro12Ala (rs1801282) is a common polymorphism of the human PPAR-γ gene. Studies have demonstrated conflicting results about its association with T2DM worldwide. There are no reports about such possible association among Iraqi people. OBJECTIVES This study aims at finding out whether having the mutant allele (Ala12) might be associated with T2DM among Iraqi people. METHODS One hundred and ninety-two Arabic Iraqi adult subjects (97 with T2DM and 95 controls) were genotyped using PCR- RFLP. Clinical, anthropometrical and biochemical variables were compared regarding the Pro12Ala genotypes. RESULTS About 5.67% of people with diabetes were carriers of the (Ala12) allele versus 9.47% of controls. Allelic and genotypic frequencies were not statistically different among diabetics and controls [(χ2= 1.99, p= 0.16) and (χ2= 2.17, p= 0.14)]. Age, BMI and smoking- but not Pro12Ala - were independent risk factors for T2DM in our subjects. Pro12Ala was not associated with T2DM (Odd's ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.23- 1.32, p= 0.14). CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed a relatively high frequency of the Ala12 allele among Arabic Iraqis. These frequencies did not significantly differ between diabetics and controls indicating the absence of association of Pro12Ala with T2DM among Iraqis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Hazim Al-Naemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Mosul Medical College, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Akram Jarjees Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Mosul Medical College, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li J, Wei J, Xu P, Yan M, Li J, Chen Z, Jin T. Impact of diabetes-related gene polymorphisms on the clinical characteristics of type 2 diabetes Chinese Han population. Oncotarget 2018; 7:85464-85471. [PMID: 27863428 PMCID: PMC5356749 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the correlation between type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related genes and the clinical characteristics of T2D in the Chinese Han population. Our study included 319 patients and 387 controls. Age, gender, clinical features, medications intake and biochemical blood profiles were analyzed. Genotyping was performed on a total of 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms previously reported to be associated with T2D. Our analyses revealed that the CT genotype of ARHGAP22 rs4838605 is associated with T2D risk. Upon analyzing the subjects’ clinical characteristics, we found that for rs2811893, the TT genotype correlated with high creatinine levels, while the AA genotype of rs17045754 and the TT genotype of rs4838605 correlated with elevated triglyceride levels. In addition, the AA genotype of rs17376456 and the TT genotype of rs6214 (p = 0.006) correlated with elevated hemoglobin A1c levels. Lastly, those carrying the TT genotype of rs7772697 and the CA genotype of rs3918227 exhibited higher mean body mass index and Cystatin C than controls. Our results showing that the ARHGAP22 gene is associated with an increased risk of T2D, and that seven SNPs in MYSM1, PLXDC2, ARHGAP22 and HS6ST3 promote T2D progression and could help predict the clinical course of T2D in patients at risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jiachen Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Xi'an NO.1 Hospital, Xi'an 710002, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Mengdan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.,Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| | - Jingjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.,Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| | - Zhengshuai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.,Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.,Xi'an Tiangen Precision Medical Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710075, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jones J, Caird JK. The Usability of Blood Glucose Meters: Task Performance Differences Between Younger and Older Age Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931213601636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the overall usability of current, commercially available self-monitoring blood glucose (SMBG) meters in order to highlight how the design affects the performance of younger and older adults. Sixteen younger participants (18-27) and 29 elderly participants (65-85) attempted to complete two tasks: 1) set date/time and 2) perform a control solution test, using two meters: the Accu-Check Compact Plus® and 2) the One Touch Ultra 2®. Overall, elderly participants had significantly more difficulty completing the two tasks and committed significantly more errors than younger participants. When using the Accu-Chek® meter to set the date and time 79% of elderly adults failed compared to 12% of younger adults. When using the One Touch® meter, 21% of elderly adults failed to complete the task while none of the younger adults failed. Across the two tasks, elderly participants made, on average, an additional 1.6 errors compared to those in the younger group.
Collapse
|
28
|
Montesi L. "Como Si Nada": Enduring Violence and Diabetes among Rural Women in Southern Mexico. Med Anthropol 2017; 37:206-220. [PMID: 28409673 DOI: 10.1080/01459740.2017.1313253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Rural women in Southern Mexico link their diabetes to distressful life experiences rooted in ordinary violence. While much has been written on the use that diabetes sufferers make of their morbid condition as an idiom of distress, I investigate the personal and social effects that such an idiom has on women. As I illustrate, diabetes reflects an ambivalence that helps women to speak about the unspeakable and, at the same time, reinforces their ideas of culpability, namely that they are to blame for both the gendered violence that they endure and the diabetes from which they suffer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Montesi
- a School of Anthropology and Conservation , The University of Kent , Canterbury , Kent , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Larizza D, De Amici M, Klersy C, Albanesi M, Albertini R, Badulli C, Torre C, Calcaterra V. Anti-Zinc Transporter Protein 8 Antibody Testing Is Not Informative in Routine Prediabetes Screening in Young Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Celiac Disease. Horm Res Paediatr 2017; 86:100-105. [PMID: 27487045 DOI: 10.1159/000448003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), autoimmune thyroiditis (ATD), and celiac disease (CD) are at increased risk for developing other autoimmune diseases. We evaluated zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) prevalence in patients with ATD and/or CD in order to define the usefulness of ZnT8 autoantibodies for prediabetes screening. METHODS Eighty-one young patients with ATD and/or CD were included in the study; 32 subjects with clinical onset of T1DM were enrolled as a control group. GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8 antibodies were measured. An intravenous glucose tolerance test, C-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and genomic analysis of HLA-DQA1* and -DQB1* were also considered in patients positive for autoantibodies. RESULTS The ZnT8 prevalence was higher in T1DM patients than in patients with other autoimmune diseases (p < 0.001); positive ZnT8 detection was found in 2 ATD (p = 0.004) and 3 ATD + CD (p = 0.04) patients. Positive ZnT8 was associated with GAD65 (p = 0.01) but not with IA-2 positivity. No correlation between ZnT8 detection and the number of T1DM-susceptible HLA-DQ heterodimers was found. Pathological C-peptide levels and insulin response were found in subjects with islet autoimmunity and genetic susceptibility. CONCLUSION ZnT8 autoantibodies detection in ATD and/or CD patients is low, and routine ZnT8 screening is not justified. ZnT8 evaluation may be recommended in subjects with autoimmune diseases as a marker for predicting compromised insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Larizza
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Di Daniele N, Noce A, Vidiri MF, Moriconi E, Marrone G, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, D’Urso G, Tesauro M, Rovella V, De Lorenzo A. Impact of Mediterranean diet on metabolic syndrome, cancer and longevity. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8947-8979. [PMID: 27894098 PMCID: PMC5352455 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity symbolizes a major public health problem. Overweight and obesity are associated to the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome and to adipose tissue dysfunction. The adipose tissue is metabolically active and an endocrine organ, whose dysregulation causes a low-grade inflammatory state and ectopic fat depositions. The Mediterranean Diet represents a possible therapy for metabolic syndrome, preventing adiposopathy or "sick fat" formation.The Mediterranean Diet exerts protective effects in elderly subjects with and without baseline of chronic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between cancer and obesity. In the US, diet represents amount 30-35% of death causes related to cancer. Currently, the cancer is the second cause of death after cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Furthermore, populations living in the Mediterranean area have a decreased incidence of cancer compared with populations living in Northern Europe or the US, likely due to healthier dietary habits. The bioactive food components have a potential preventive action on cancer. The aims of this review are to evaluate the impact of Mediterranean Diet on onset, progression and regression of metabolic syndrome, cancer and on longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Di Daniele
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Annalisa Noce
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Vidiri
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Eleonora Moriconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Giulia Marrone
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele D’Urso
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Manfredi Tesauro
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Systems Medicine, Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| | - Antonino De Lorenzo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Division of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
A haplotype is a string of nucleotides or alleles at nearby loci on one chromosome, usually inherited as a unit. Within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on human chromosome 6p, independent population studies of multiple families have identified conserved extended haplotypes (CEHs) that segregate as long stretches (≥1 megabase) of essentially identical DNA sequence at relatively high (≥0.5 %) population frequency ("genetic fixity"). CEHs were first identified through segregation analysis in the early 1980s. In European Caucasian populations, the most frequent 30 CEHs account for at least one-third of all MHC haplotypes. These CEHs provide all of the known individual MHC susceptibility and protective genetic markers within those populations for several complex genetic diseases. Haplotypes are rigorously determined directly by sequencing single chromosomes or by Mendelian segregation analysis using families with informative genotypes. Four parental haplotypes are assigned unambiguously using genotypes from the two parents and from two of their haploidentical (to each other) children. However, the most common current technique to phase haplotypes is probabilistic statistical imputation, using unrelated subjects. Such probabilistic techniques have failed to detect CEHs and are thus of questionable value in identifying long-range haplotype structure and, consequently, genetic structure-function relationships. Finally, with haplotypes rigorously defined, association studies can determine frequencies of alleles among unrelated patient haplotypes vs. those among only unaffected family members (i.e., control alleles/haplotypes). Such studies reduce, as much as possible, the confounding effects of population stratification common to all genetic studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chester A Alper
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, CLS_03, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Charles E Larsen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, CLS_03, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
End Stage Renal Disease Predicts Increased Risk of Death in First Degree Relatives in the Norwegian Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165026. [PMID: 27828975 PMCID: PMC5102372 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased risk of end stage renal disease (ESRD) and death in Norwegian living kidney donors has been reported, most of the donors were related to the recipient. The present study investigates risk of death in first degree relatives of ESRD patients. METHODS The Norwegian Population Registry, The Norwegian Cause of Death Registry and the Norwegian Renal Registry were linked. All citizens born in Norway, alive in 1960 and with at least one registered first degree relative were included; individuals who died during the first year of life were excluded. A cohort-design was used, ESRD in a first degree relative was the main exposure variable and death and causes of death were the main outcome variables. Cox regression statistics were used to investigate mortality risks. RESULTS 5 130 600 individuals were included, 27 508 had at least one first degree relative with ESRD. 828 022 died during follow-up, of whom 4105 had a first degree relative with ESRD. Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for death was 1.13 (1.09-1.16) in individuals with a relative with ESRD compared to those without a relative with ESRD. Excluding known hereditary renal disease, aHR decreased to 1.12 (1.09-1.15). Cardiovascular death aHR was 1.15 (1.10-1.21), of which cerebrovascular death 1.34 (1.22-1.50). aHR for death due to non-hereditary renal/ureteric disease was 2.29 (1.81-2.91) with renal failure 1.80 (1.26-2.56) and glomerular disease 5.69 (3.88-8.34) as main contributors. Diabetes mellitus death aHR was 1.68 (1.35-2.10). Absolute mortality risks increased most for the oldest cohorts with excess mortality of 148 per 100.000 person years for the cohort born 1920-39 and 218 for the cohort born 1900-1919. CONCLUSIONS ESRD in first degree relatives was associated with increased hazard ratio for death. Death due to cardiovascular disease, renal disease and diabetes mellitus increased the most.
Collapse
|
33
|
Rasmi Y, Emamy-Nagadeh K, Valizadeh N, Saleh-Mogadam M, Shirpoor A, Saboory E. Impaired endothelial function in siblings of patients with diabetic mellitus type 2. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2016; 15:19. [PMID: 27376035 PMCID: PMC4929751 DOI: 10.1186/s40200-016-0243-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Endothelial dysfunction is considered as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, which is a consistent finding in diabetic mellitus type 2 (DMT2). First-degree relatives of DMT2 patients have a higher risk of developing DMT2 later on the life. We aimed to investigate whether impaired endothelial function exists in siblings of DMT2 patients. Methods As endothelial function markers, plasma E-selectin, soluble inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were measured on 27 DMT2 patients (9 m/18f; mean age: 48.48 ± 6.75 years), 28 siblings of DMT2 patients (14 m/14f; mean age: 44.54 ± 7.10 years), and 30 control subjects (18 m/12f; mean age: 44.72± 7.56 years) without any family history of diabetes. All the groups were matched by gender, age, and body mass index (BMI). Results Plasma levels of ET-1, sICAM-1, and E-selectin were significantly higher in the DMT2 group compared to the control group (ET-1:0.79 ± 1.63 pg/ml vs. 0.33 ± 0.08 pg/ml; PCD = 0.049, sICAM-1: 71.15 ± 27.20 ng/ml vs. 34.57 ± 22.56 ng/ml; PCD = 0.001, E-selectin: 22.45 ± 11.57 ng/ml vs. 16.28 ± 7.50 ng/ml; PCD =0.026). There was a significant difference in sICAM-1 levels between siblings (62.08 ± 26.37 ng/ml) and controls (PCS = 0.002), but not between siblings and DMT2 patients (PSD = 0.411). Moreover, a significant difference was observed in ET-1 levels between siblings (0.75 ± 1.26 pg/ml) and controls (PCS = 0.031), but not between siblings and DMT2 patients (PSD = 0.751). There was also a significant difference in E-selectin levels between DMT2 patients and siblings (16.56 ± 8.71 ng/ml; PSD =0.028); however, the difference in E-selectin levels was not statistically significant between siblings and controls (PCS = 0.919). Conclusion Endothelial function markers in the siblings of DMT2 patients are increased in comparision to the control group Therefore; family history in the DMT2 patients seems to be a risk factor for endothelial function. Furthermore, endothelial dysfunction is available very early in the DMT2 patients, even before overt hyperglycemia ensues (in siblings), and may play a key role in the etiopathology of the vasculopathy associated with DMT2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Rasmi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran ; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Kani Emamy-Nagadeh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mashhad Payame-Noor University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Neda Valizadeh
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Masoud Saleh-Mogadam
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirpoor
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saboory
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Atamni HJAT, Mott R, Soller M, Iraqi FA. High-fat-diet induced development of increased fasting glucose levels and impaired response to intraperitoneal glucose challenge in the collaborative cross mouse genetic reference population. BMC Genet 2016; 17:10. [PMID: 26728312 PMCID: PMC4700737 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) mellitus in the past decades, has reached epidemic proportions. Several lines of evidence support the role of genetic variation in the pathogenesis of T2D and insulin resistance. Elucidating these factors could contribute to developing new medical treatments and tools to identify those most at risk. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotypic response of the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse genetic resource population to high-fat diet (HFD) induced T2D-like disease to evluate its suitability for this purpose. Results We studied 683 mice of 21 different lines of the CC population. Of these, 265 mice (149 males and 116 females) were challenged by HFD (42 % fat); and 384 mice (239 males and145 females) of 17 of the 21 lines were reared as control group on standard Chow diet (18 % fat). Briefly, 8 week old mice were maintained on HFD until 20 weeks of age, and subsequently assessed by intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). Biweekly body weight (BW), body length (BL), waist circumstance (WC), and body mass index (BMI) were measured. On statistical analysis, trait measurements taken at 20 weeks of age showed significant sex by diet interaction across the different lines and traits. Consequently, males and females were analyzed, separately. Differences among lines were analyzed by ANOVA and shown to be significant (P <0.05), for BW, WC, BMI, fasting blood glucose, and IPGTT-AUC. We use these data to infer broad sense heritability adjusted for number of mice tested in each line; coefficient of genetic variation; genetic correlations between the same trait in the two sexes, and phenotypic correlations between different traits in the same sex. Conclusions These results are consistent with the hypothesis that host susceptibility to HFD-induced T2D is a complex trait and controlled by multiple genetic factors and sex, and that the CC population can be a powerful tool for genetic dissection of this trait. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-015-0321-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanifa J Abu-Toamih Atamni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| | | | | | - Fuad A Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tozier PK. Colostrum versus formula supplementation for glucose stabilization in newborns of diabetic mothers. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs 2015; 42:619-28. [PMID: 25803211 DOI: 10.1111/1552-6909.12260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to describe practice change designed to facilitate breastfeeding while maintaining glucose stabilization in infants born to diabetic mothers. Postpractice change outcomes of newborn blood glucose levels, formula supplementation, and colostrum feeds are specifically addressed. There were no significant differences between glucose values for infants given formula supplementation versus those fed colostrum. Postpractice change, admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for glucose stabilization decreased and exclusive breastfeeding increased.
Collapse
|
36
|
Mansoori Derakhshan S, Zeinali Sehrig F, Sohrabi N, Shiva S, Baradaran B, Shekari Khaniani M. The Association between Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II DR3-DQ2 Haplotype and Type 1 Diabetes in Children of the East Azerbaijan State of Iran. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e28380. [PMID: 26473079 PMCID: PMC4601240 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.28380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is an autoimmune disease. Several associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex and T1D were found in various populations. Associations with various HLA types depend on the investigated populations. However, such associations have not yet been investigated in the East Azerbaijan state of Iran with Turkish ethnicity. Objectives: The aims of the current study was to describe T1D genetic susceptibility conferred by HLA class II alleles (DRB1*0301, DQA1*0501 and DQB1*0201) and to determine haplotype frequencies among T1D patients. Patients and Methods: This study was a case-control study. The number of samples was determined using the Cochran formula. Eighty unrelated T1D patients, including 42 (52.5%) females and 38 (47.5%) males, were randomly recruited from the East Azerbaijan state of Iran. Typing of HLA was performed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP) on DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 80 unrelated patients and 80 unrelated healthy control donors, who were selected randomly. For haplotype analysis, the logistic regression model was performed that allows joint estimation of Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) via haplotypes. Results: The frequency of drb1*0301 (82.5% vs. 11.3%), dqa1*0501 (82.5% vs. 36.3%) and dqb1*0201 (81.3% vs. 35%) were significantly higher among patients compared with that of healthy subjects. Conclusions: Our investigation demonstrated that there is a highly significant association between the studied alleles and T1D. It can be construed that haplotype HLA-DR3-DQ2 has a very modest effect with respect to the risk of T1D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Mansoori Derakhshan
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | | | - Nasrin Sohrabi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Siamak Shiva
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mahmoud Shekari Khaniani, Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran. Tel: +98-4113371587, Fax: +98-4113371587, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tallapragada DSP, Bhaskar S, Chandak GR. New insights from monogenic diabetes for "common" type 2 diabetes. Front Genet 2015; 6:251. [PMID: 26300908 PMCID: PMC4528293 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Boundaries between monogenic and complex genetic diseases are becoming increasingly blurred, as a result of better understanding of phenotypes and their genetic determinants. This had a large impact on the way complex disease genetics is now being investigated. Starting with conventional approaches like familial linkage, positional cloning and candidate genes strategies, the scope of complex disease genetics has grown exponentially with scientific and technological advances in recent times. Despite identification of multiple loci harboring common and rare variants associated with complex diseases, interpreting and evaluating their functional role has proven to be difficult. Information from monogenic diseases, especially related to the intermediate traits associated with complex diseases comes handy. The significant overlap between traits and phenotypes of monogenic diseases with related complex diseases provides a platform to understand the disease biology better. In this review, we would discuss about one such complex disease, type 2 diabetes, which shares marked similarity of intermediate traits with different forms of monogenic diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad, India
| | - Seema Bhaskar
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad, India
| | - Giriraj R Chandak
- Genomic Research on Complex Diseases Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhang X, Zhang W, Saraf SL, Nouraie M, Han J, Gowhari M, Hassan J, Miasnikova G, Sergueeva A, Nekhai S, Kittles R, Machado RF, Garcia JGN, Gladwin MT, Steinberg MH, Sebastiani P, McClain DA, Gordeuk VR. Genetic polymorphism of APOB is associated with diabetes mellitus in sickle cell disease. Hum Genet 2015; 134:895-904. [PMID: 26025476 PMCID: PMC4607040 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-015-1572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Environmental variations have strong influences in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, we investigated the genetic basis of diabetes in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), a Mendelian disorder accompanied by distinct physiological conditions of hypoxia and hyperactive erythropoiesis. Compared to the general African American population, the prevalence of diabetes as assessed in two SCD cohorts of 856 adults was low, but it markedly increased with older age and overweight. Meta-analyses of over 5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the two SCD cohorts identified a SNP, rs59014890, the C allele of which associated with diabetes risk at P = 3.2 × 10(-8) and, surprisingly, associated with decreased APOB expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The risk allele of the APOB polymorphism was associated with overweight in 181 SCD adolescents, with diabetes risk in 592 overweight, non-SCD African Americans ≥ 45 years of age, and with elevated plasma lipid concentrations in general populations. In addition, lower expression level of APOB in PBMCs was associated with higher values for percent hemoglobin A1C and serum total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in patients with Chuvash polycythemia, a congenital disease with elevated hypoxic responses and increased erythropoiesis at normoxia. Our study reveals a novel, environment-specific genetic polymorphism that may affect key metabolic pathways contributing to diabetes in SCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Santosh L. Saraf
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Michel Gowhari
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Johara Hassan
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Sergei Nekhai
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University, Washington, DC
| | - Rick Kittles
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Mark T. Gladwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Paola Sebastiani
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Donald A. McClain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine and VA Medical Center, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Victor R. Gordeuk
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nguyen CT, Pham NM, Lee AH, Binns CW. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Vietnam: A Systematic Review. Asia Pac J Public Health 2015; 27:588-600. [PMID: 26187848 DOI: 10.1177/1010539515595860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review examined trends in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and identified its risk factors among adults in Vietnam. PubMed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Scopus databases were searched to identify relevant literature. The search yielded 10 studies, including 2 national surveys and 8 regional investigations. National prevalence estimates of T2DM were 2.7% in 2002 and 5.4% in 2012. The estimates for the northern region were 1.4% in 1994 and 3.7% in 2012 and those for the southern region were 3.8% in 2004, 7.0% in 2008, and 12.4% in 2010. The major determinants of T2DM included older age, urban residence, high levels of body and abdominal fat, physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, genetic factors, and hypertension. The prevalence rate by gender was variable in both national and regional studies. There was insufficient information available on some potentially important risk factors such as smoking, dietary intake, income, and educational level. Our review signifies a rapidly growing prevalence of T2DM in Vietnam and suggests that extra effort is required to prevent and control this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung T Nguyen
- Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Minh Pham
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen, Vietnam
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Anwar WA, Khyatti M, Hemminki K. Consanguinity and genetic diseases in North Africa and immigrants to Europe. Eur J Public Health 2015; 24 Suppl 1:57-63. [PMID: 25107999 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cku104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endemic diseases are caused by environmental and genetic factors. While in this special issue several chapters deal with environmental factors, including infections, the present focus is on genetic causes of disease clustering due to inbreeding and recessive disease mechanisms. Consanguinity is implying sharing of genetic heritage because of marriage between close relatives originating from a common ancestor. With limited natural selection, recessive genes may become more frequent in an inbred compared with an outbred population. Consanguinity is common in North Africa (NA), and the estimates range from 40 to 49% of all marriages in Tunisia and 29-33% in Morocco. As a consequence, recessive disorders are common in the NA region, and we give some examples. Thalassaemia and sickle cell disease/anaemia constitute the most common inherited recessive disorders globally and they are common in NA, but with immigration they have spread to Europe and to other parts of the world. Another example is familial Mediterranean fever, which is common in the Eastern Mediterranean area. With immigrantion from that area to Sweden, it has become the most common hereditary autoinflammatory disease in that country, and there is no evidence that any native Swede would have been diagnosed with this disease. The examples discussed in this chapter show that the historic movement of populations and current immigration are influencing the concept of 'endemic' disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wagida A Anwar
- 1 Community Medicine Department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Kari Hemminki
- 3 Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany4 Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tabebi M, Mkaouar-Rebai E, Mnif M, Kallabi F, Ben Mahmoud A, Ben Saad W, Charfi N, Keskes-Ammar L, Kamoun H, Abid M, Fakhfakh F. A novel mutation MT-COIII m.9267G>C and MT-COI m.5913G>A mutation in mitochondrial genes in a Tunisian family with maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) associated with severe nephropathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 459:353-60. [PMID: 25701779 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.01.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diabetes (MD) is a heterogeneous disorder characterized by a chronic hyperglycemia, maternal transmission and its association with a bilateral hearing impairment. Several studies reported mutations in mitochondrial genes as potentially pathogenic for diabetes, since mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation plays an important role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from beta cells. In the present report, we studied a Tunisian family with mitochondrial diabetes (MD) and deafness associated with nephropathy. The mutational analysis screening revealed the presence of a novel heteroplasmic mutation m.9276G>C in the mitochondrial COIII gene, detected in mtDNA extracted from leukocytes of a mother and her two daughters indicating that this mutation is maternally transmitted and suggest its implication in the observed phenotype. Bioinformatic tools showed that m.9267G>C mutation (p.A21P) is « deleterious » and it can modify the function and the stability of the MT-COIII protein by affecting the assembly of mitochondrial COX subunits and the translocation of protons then reducing the activity of the respective OXPHOS complexes of ATP synthesis. The nonsynonymous mutation (p.A21P) has not been reported before, it is the first mutation described in the COXIII gene which is related to insulin dependent mitochondrial diabetes and deafness and could be specific to the Tunisian population. The m.9267G>C mutation was present with a nonsynonymous inherited mitochondrial homoplasmic variation MT-COI m.5913 G>A (D4N) responsible of high blood pressure, a clinical feature detected in all explored patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Amino Acid Substitution
- Base Sequence
- Case-Control Studies
- Child, Preschool
- DNA Mutational Analysis
- DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics
- Deafness/complications
- Deafness/enzymology
- Deafness/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/enzymology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Electron Transport Complex IV/chemistry
- Electron Transport Complex IV/genetics
- Female
- Genes, Mitochondrial
- Humans
- Hypertension/complications
- Hypertension/enzymology
- Hypertension/genetics
- Kidney Diseases/complications
- Kidney Diseases/enzymology
- Kidney Diseases/genetics
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Mitochondrial Diseases
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation, Missense
- Pedigree
- Protein Structure, Secondary
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Tunisia
- Young Adult
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Tabebi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Emna Mkaouar-Rebai
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mnif
- Service d'endocrinologie, C.H.U. Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Fakhri Kallabi
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afif Ben Mahmoud
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Ben Saad
- Service d'endocrinologie, C.H.U. Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Charfi
- Service d'endocrinologie, C.H.U. Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Keskes-Ammar
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Kamoun
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Abid
- Service d'endocrinologie, C.H.U. Habib Bourguiba de Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Humaine, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Tunisia.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yan J, Hu C, Jiang F, Zhang R, Wang J, Tang S, Peng D, Chen M, Bao Y, Jia W. Genetic variants of PLA2G6 are associated with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and triglyceride levels in a Chinese population. Diabet Med 2015; 32:280-6. [PMID: 25207958 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To test the association of PLA2G6 variants with Type 2 diabetes and clinical characteristics in large Chinese population-based samples. METHODS A total of 6822 people were recruited. In the first stage, 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the PLA2G6 region were selected and genotyped in 3700 Chinese Han people. In the second stage, the single nucleotide polymorphisms that showed a significant association were genotyped in an additional 3122 samples for replication. Genotype-phenotype association studies and meta-analyses were performed after combining data from the two stages. RESULTS In the first stage, we detected rs132984 and rs2284060 as significantly associated with Type 2 diabetes with odds ratios of 1.247 (95% CI 1.074-1.449, P = 0.004, empirical P = 0.047) and 1.173 (95% CI 1.059-1.299, P = 0.002, empirical P = 0.029), respectively. In the second stage, a similar effect of rs132984 on Type 2 diabetes was observed (odds ratio 1.280, 95% CI 1.094-1.497, P = 0.002). The meta-analysis showed a significant effect of the two single nucleotide polymorphisms on Type 2 diabetes (odds ratio 1.254, 95% CI 1.104-1.451, P = 4.85 × 10⁻⁵ for rs132984; odds ratio 1.120, 95% CI 1.046-1.195, P = 0.003 for rs2284060). Moreover, genotype-phenotype association analysis showed that rs132984 was associated with triglyceride levels (P = 0.022, empirical P = 0.044) and area under the curve for glucose (P = 0.015, empirical P = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS Our data imply that common single nucleotide polymorphisms within the PLA2G6 region are associated with Type 2 diabetes and triglyceride levels in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Key Clinical Centre for Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Evidence of insulin resistance in adult uncomplicated malaria: result of a two-year prospective study. Malar Res Treat 2014; 2014:136148. [PMID: 25587486 PMCID: PMC4284981 DOI: 10.1155/2014/136148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed at investigating the effects of adult uncomplicated malaria on insulin resistance. Fasting levels of blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum insulin were measured in 100 diabetics and 100 age-matched controls before and during Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Insulin resistance and beta cell function were computed by homeostatic models assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) and beta cell function (HOMAB) formulae, respectively. Body mass index (BMI) was computed. At baseline, diabetics had significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of BMI, FBG, HbA1c, and HOMAIR but lower level of HOMAB than controls. Baseline insulin levels were comparable (P > 0.05) between the two study groups. During malaria, diabetics maintained significantly (P < 0.05) higher levels of BMI, FBG, and HbA1c but lower levels of insulin and HOMAB than controls. Malaria-induced HOMAIR levels were comparable (P > 0.05) between the two study groups but higher than baseline levels. Apart from BMI and HOMAB, mean levels of all the remaining parameters increased in malaria-infected controls. In malaria-infected diabetics, significant (P < 0.05) increase was only observed for insulin and HOMAIR but not the other measured parameters. Uncomplicated malaria increased insulin resistance in diabetics and controls independent of BMI. This finding may have implications for the evolution of T2DM in malaria-endemic regions.
Collapse
|
44
|
Karambataki M, Malousi A, Kouidou S. Risk-associated coding synonymous SNPs in type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases: genetic silence and the underrated association with splicing regulation and epigenetics. Mutat Res 2014; 770:85-93. [PMID: 25771874 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are tentatively critical with regard to disease predisposition, but coding synonymous SNPs (sSNPs) are generally considered "neutral". Nevertheless, sSNPs in serine/arginine-rich (SR) and splice-site (SS) exonic splicing enhancers (ESEs) or in exonic CpG methylation targets, could be decisive for splicing, particularly in aging-related conditions, where mis-splicing is frequently observed. We presently identified 33 genes T2D-related and 28 related to neurodegenerative diseases, by investigating the impact of the corresponding coding sSNPs on splicing and using gene ontology data and computational tools. Potentially critical (prominent) sSNPs comply with the following criteria: changing the splicing potential of prominent SR-ESEs or of significant SS-ESEs by >1.5 units (Δscore), or formation/deletion of ESEs with maximum splicing score. We also noted the formation/disruption of CpGs (tentative methylation sites of epigenetic sSNPs). All disease association studies involving sSNPs are also reported. Only 21/670 coding SNPs, mostly epigenetic, reported in 33 T2D-related genes, were found to be prominent coding synonymous. No prominent sSNPs have been recorded in three key T2D-related genes (GCGR, PPARGC1A, IGF1). Similarly, 20/366 coding synonymous were identified in ND related genes, mostly epigenetic. Meta-analysis showed that 17 of the above prominent sSNPs were previously investigated in association with various pathological conditions. Three out of four sSNPs (all epigenetic) were associated with T2D and one with NDs (branch site sSNP). Five were associated with other or related pathological conditions. None of the four sSNPs introducing new ESEs was found to be disease-associated. sSNPs introducing smaller Δscore changes (<1.5) in key proteins (INSR, IRS1, DISC1) were also correlated to pathological conditions. This data reveals that genetic variation in splicing-regulatory and particularly CpG sites might be related to disease predisposition and that in-silico analysis is useful for identifying sSNPs, which might be falsely identified as silent or synonymous.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Karambataki
- Lab of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Malousi
- Lab of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - S Kouidou
- Lab of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Giralt-Steinhauer E, Jiménez-Conde J, Soriano Tárraga C, Mola M, Rodríguez-Campello A, Cuadrado-Godia E, Ois A, Fernández-Cádenas I, Carrera C, Montaner J, Díaz Navarro R, Vives-Bauzá C, Roquer J. Exploring the genetic basis of stroke. Spanish stroke genetics consortium. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2013.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
46
|
Polymorphism of CYP3A4*2 and eNOS genes in the diabetic patients with hyperlipidemia undergoing statin treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:6719-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
47
|
Haghverdizadeh P, Sadat Haerian M, Haghverdizadeh P, Sadat Haerian B. ABCC8 genetic variants and risk of diabetes mellitus. Gene 2014; 545:198-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
48
|
Stroh M, Swerdlow RH, Zhu H. Common defects of mitochondria and iron in neurodegeneration and diabetes (MIND): a paradigm worth exploring. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 88:573-83. [PMID: 24361914 PMCID: PMC3972369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A popular, if not centric, approach to the study of an event is to first consider that of the simplest cause. When dissecting the underlying mechanisms governing idiopathic diseases, this generally takes the form of an ab initio genetic approach. To date, this genetic 'smoking gun' has remained elusive in diabetes mellitus and for many affected by neurodegenerative diseases. With no single gene, or even subset of genes, conclusively causative in all cases, other approaches to the etiology and treatment of these diseases seem reasonable, including the correlation of a systems' predisposed sensitivity to particular influence. In the cases of diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases, overlapping themes of mitochondrial influence or dysfunction and iron dyshomeostasis are apparent and relatively consistent. This mini-review discusses the influence of mitochondrial function and iron homeostasis on diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative disease, namely Alzheimer's disease. Also discussed is the incidence of diabetes accompanied by neuropathy and neurodegeneration along with neurodegenerative disorders prone to development of diabetes. Mouse models containing multiple facets of this overlap are also described alongside current molecular trends attributed to both diseases. As a way of approaching the idiopathic and complex nature of these diseases we are proposing the consideration of a MIND (mitochondria, iron, neurodegeneration, and diabetes) paradigm in which systemic metabolic influence, iron homeostasis, and respective genetic backgrounds play a central role in the development of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Stroh
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| | - Hao Zhu
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The increasing global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern. Accumulating data provides strong evidence of the shared contribution of genetic and environmental factors to T2DM risk. Genome-wide association studies have hugely improved our understanding of the genetic basis of T2DM. However, it is obvious that genetics only partly account for an individuals' predisposition to T2DM. The dietary environment has changed remarkably over the last century. Examination of individual macronutrients and more recently of foods and dietary patterns is becoming increasingly important in terms of developing public health strategies. Nutrigenetics offers the potential to improve diet-related disease prevention and therapy, but is not without its own challenges. In this review we present evidence on the dietary environment and genetics as risk factors for T2DM and bridging the 2 disciplines we highlight some key gene-nutrient interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janas M Harrington
- Centre for Diet and Health Research, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College Cork, Western Gateway Building, Cork, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ganesh SK, Arnett DK, Assimes TL, Basson CT, Chakravarti A, Ellinor PT, Engler MB, Goldmuntz E, Herrington DM, Hershberger RE, Hong Y, Johnson JA, Kittner SJ, McDermott DA, Meschia JF, Mestroni L, O’Donnell CJ, Psaty BM, Vasan RS, Ruel M, Shen WK, Terzic A, Waldman SA. Genetics and Genomics for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Update. Circulation 2013; 128:2813-51. [DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437913.98912.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|