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Shi X, Sun K, Li L, Xian J, Wang P, Jia F, Xu F. Oncolytic Activity of Sindbis Virus with the Help of GM-CSF in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7195. [PMID: 39000311 PMCID: PMC11241666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a refractory tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality. Many oncolytic viruses are currently being investigated for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on previous studies, we constructed a recombinant GM-CSF-carrying Sindbis virus, named SINV-GM-CSF, which contains a mutation (G to S) at amino acid 285 in the nsp1 protein of the viral vector. The potential of this mutated vector for liver cancer therapy was verified at the cellular level and in vivo, respectively, and the changes in the tumor microenvironment after treatment were also described. The results showed that the Sindbis virus could effectively infect hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and induce cell death. Furthermore, the addition of GM-CSF enhanced the tumor-killing effect of the Sindbis virus and increased the number of immune cells in the intra-tumor microenvironment during the treatment. In particular, SINV-GM-CSF was able to efficiently kill tumors in a mouse tumor model of hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating the elevation of M1-type macrophages (which have a tumor-resistant ability) and the decrease in M2-type macrophages (which have a tumor-promoting capacity). Overall, SINV-GM-CSF is an attractive vector platform with clinical potential for use as a safe and effective oncolytic virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangwei Shi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kangyixin Sun
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Li
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingwen Xian
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Fan Jia
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuqiang Xu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Viral Vector Technology in Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Guangdong Provincial Medical Products Administration, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Viral Vectors for Biomedicine, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control Technology for Virus-Based Therapeutics, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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2
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Ras-Carmona A, Reche PA. Analysis of Virus-Specific B Cell Epitopes Reveals Extensive Antigen Degradation Prior to Recognition. Cells 2024; 13:1076. [PMID: 38994930 PMCID: PMC11240346 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
B cell epitopes must be visible for recognition by cognate B cells and/or antibodies. Here, we studied that premise for known linear B cell epitopes that were collected from the Immune Epitope Database as being recognized by humans during microbial infections. We found that the majority of such known B cell epitopes are virus-specific linear B cell epitopes (87.96%), and most are located in antigens that remain enclosed in host cells and/or virus particles, preventing antibody recognition (18,832 out of 29,225 epitopes). Moreover, we estimated that only a minority (32.72%) of the virus-specific linear B cell epitopes that are found in exposed viral regions (e.g., the ectodomains of envelope proteins) are solvent accessible on intact antigens. Hence, we conclude that ample degradation/processing of viral particles and/or infected cells must occur prior to B cell recognition, thus shaping the B cell epitope repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Ras-Carmona
- Laboratory of Immunomedicine, Department of Immunology & O2, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro A Reche
- Laboratory of Immunomedicine, Department of Immunology & O2, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Pza Ramon y Cajal S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Alvarez Hayes J, Blancá B, Gorgojo JP, Baroli C, Carrica MDC, Rodriguez ME. Bordetella pertussis outer membrane vesicles impair neutrophil bactericidal activity. Microbes Infect 2024:105375. [PMID: 38849071 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2024.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the primary defense against bacterial infections, yet certain pathogens express virulence factors that enable them to subvert neutrophils-mediated killing. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) have emerged as a secretory system through which bacteria deliver virulence factors to host cells. OMVs from Bordetella pertussis, the etiological agent of whooping cough, are loaded with most of bacterial virulence factors, including CyaA, which plays a key role in B. pertussis evasion of neutrophils bactericidal activity. In our study, we investigated the role of B. pertussis OMVs in bacterial interaction with neutrophils. We observed that interaction of OMVs with neutrophils led to a decrease in the expression of cell surface CR3 and FcγRs, an effect dependent on the CyaA toxin delivered by these vesicles. This decreased receptor expression led to reduced bacterial uptake by neutrophils, irrespective of the presence of opsonic antibodies. Moreover, CyaA delivered by OMVs hindered intracellular bactericidal trafficking, promoting bacterial intracellular survival. When both bacteria and OMVs were opsonized, competition between opsonized OMVs and B. pertussis for FcγRs on neutrophils led to a significant decrease in bacterial uptake. Overall, our findings suggest that B. pertussis OMVs promote bacterial survival to the encounter with neutrophils in both naïve and immunized individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Alvarez Hayes
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Bruno Blancá
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Gorgojo
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos Baroli
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Maria Eugenia Rodriguez
- CINDEFI (UNLP CONICET La Plata), School of Sciences, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
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4
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Lith SC, Evers TMJ, Freire BM, van Tiel CM, Vos WG, Mashaghi A, de Vries CJM. Nuclear receptor Nur77 regulates immunomechanics of macrophages. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151419. [PMID: 38763048 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nuclear receptor Nur77 plays a pivotal role in immune regulation across various tissues, influencing pro-inflammatory signaling pathways and cellular metabolism. While cellular mechanics have been implicated in inflammation, the contribution of Nur77 to these mechanical processes remains elusive. Macrophages exhibit remarkable plasticity in their morphology and mechanics, enabling them to adapt and execute essential inflammatory functions, such as navigating through inflamed tissue and pathogen engulfment. However, the precise regulatory mechanisms governing these dynamic changes in macrophage mechanics during inflammation remain poorly understood. To establish the potential correlation of Nur77 with cellular mechanics, we compared bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from wild-type (WT) and Nur77-deficient (Nur77-KO) mice and employed cytoskeletal imaging, single-cell acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS), migration and phagocytosis assays, and RNA-sequencing. Our findings reveal that Nur77-KO BMDMs exhibit changes to their actin networks compared to WT BMDMs, which is associated with a stiffer and more rigid phenotype. Subsequent in vitro experiments validated our observations, showcasing that Nur77 deficiency leads to enhanced migration, reduced adhesion, and increased phagocytic activity. The transcriptomics data confirmed altered mechanics-related pathways in Nur77-deficient macrophage that are accompanied by a robust pro-inflammatory phenotype. Utilizing previously obtained ChIP-data, we revealed that Nur77 directly targets differentially expressed genes associated with cellular mechanics. In conclusion, while Nur77 is recognized for its role in reducing inflammation of macrophages by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, our study identifies a novel regulatory mechanism where Nur77 governs macrophage inflammation through the modulation of expression of genes involved in cellular mechanics. Our findings suggest that immune regulation by Nur77 may be partially mediated through alterations in cellular mechanics, highlighting a potential avenue for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne C Lith
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom M J Evers
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz M Freire
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia M van Tiel
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Winnie G Vos
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alireza Mashaghi
- Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Carlie J M de Vries
- Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Immunology and Infectious diseases, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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5
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Guo Z, Li C, Liang H, Zhu J. Identification and functional characterization of a superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) from Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109599. [PMID: 38701990 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) can effectively eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS),avoid damage from O2 to the body, and maintain O2 balance. In this study, multi-step high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), combined with Mass Spectrometry (MS), was used to isolate and identify Cu/Zn-SOD from the serum of Pinctada fucata martensii (P. f. martensii) and was designated as PmECSOD. With a length of 1864 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1422 bp, the cDNA encodes a 473 amino acid protein. The PmECSOD transcript was detected in multiple tissues by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), with its highest expression level being in the gills. Additionally, the temporal expression of PmECSOD mRNA in the hemolymph was highest at 48 h after in vivo stimulation with Escherichia coli and Micrococcus luteus. The results from this study provide a valuable base for further exploration of molluscan innate immunity and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Guo
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
| | - Haiying Liang
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China.
| | - Jiaping Zhu
- Fisheries College of Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524088, China
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6
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Daca A, Piechowicz L, Wiśniewska K, Bryl E, Witkowski JM, Jarzembowski T. Both biofilm cytotoxicity and monocytes' adhesion may be used as estimators of enterococcal virulence. Lett Appl Microbiol 2024; 77:ovae047. [PMID: 38755018 DOI: 10.1093/lambio/ovae047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Our study aimed to identify markers of enterococci's virulence potential by evaluating the properties of strains of different sites of isolation. Enterococcal strains were isolated as commensals from faeces and as invasive strains from the urine and blood of patients from the University Clinical Centre, Gdańsk, Poland. Changes in monocytes' susceptibility to the cytotoxic activity of isolates of different origins and their adherence to biofilm were evaluated using a flow cytometer. The bacterial protein profile was estimated by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometer. The cytotoxicity of biofilm and monocytes' adherence to it were the most accurate factors in predicting the prevalence of the strain in the specific niche. Additionally, a bacterial protein with mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 5000 was found to be responsible for the increased bacterial cytotoxicity, while monocytes' decreased adherence to biofilm was linked with the presence of proteins either with m/z 3330 or 2435. The results illustrate that monocytes' reaction when exposed to the bacterial biofilm can be used as an estimator of pathogens' virulence potential. The observed differences in monocytes' response are explainable by the bacterial proteins' profile. Additionally, the results indicate that the features of both bacteria and monocytes impact the outcome of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Daca
- Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Division of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Lidia Piechowicz
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 25, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wiśniewska
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 25, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Ewa Bryl
- Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Division of Pathology and Experimental Rheumatology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek M Witkowski
- Department of Physiopathology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębinki 7, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Anatomy, Division of Embryology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jarzembowski
- Department of Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Dębowa 25, 80-204 Gdansk, Poland
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Gao S, Zuo W, Kang C, Zou Z, Zhang K, Qiu J, Shang X, Li J, Zhang Y, Zuo Q, Zhao Y, Jin M. Saccharomyces cerevisiae oral immunization in mice using multi-antigen of the African swine fever virus elicits a robust immune response. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1373656. [PMID: 38742108 PMCID: PMC11089227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1373656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever virus (ASFV) is one of the most complex viruses. ASFV is a serious threat to the global swine industry because no commercial vaccines against this virus are currently available except in Vietnam. Moreover, ASFV is highly stable in the environment and can survive in water, feed, and aerosols for a long time. ASFV is transmitted through the digestive and respiratory tract. Mucosal immunity is the first line of defense against ASFV. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC), which has been certified by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and has a generally recognized as safe status in the food industry, was used for oral immunization in this study. ASFV antigens were effectively expressed in recombinant SC strains with high DNA copy numbers and stable growth though surface display technology and chromosome engineering (δ-integration). The recombinant SC strains containing eight ASFV antigens-KP177R, E183L, E199L, CP204L, E248R, EP402R, B602L, and B646L- induced strong humoral and mucosal immune responses in mice. There was no antigenic competition, and these antigens induced Th1 and Th2 cellular immune responses. Therefore, the oral immunization strategy using recombinant SC strains containing multiple ASFV antigens demonstrate potential for future testing in swine, including challenge studies to evaluate its efficacy as a vaccine against ASFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenfeng Zuo
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Kang
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- College of Animal Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Zuo
- Research Institute of Wuhan Keqian Biology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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8
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Ji Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Lv C, Zhou Q, Jiang G, Yan B, Chen L. Beyond the promise: Exploring the complex interactions of nanoparticles within biological systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 468:133800. [PMID: 38368688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The exploration of nanoparticle applications is filled with promise, but their impact on the environment and human health raises growing concerns. These tiny environmental particles can enter the human body through various routes, such as the respiratory system, digestive tract, skin absorption, intravenous injection, and implantation. Once inside, they can travel to distant organs via the bloodstream and lymphatic system. This journey often results in nanoparticles adhering to cell surfaces and being internalized. Upon entering cells, nanoparticles can provoke significant structural and functional changes. They can potentially disrupt critical cellular processes, including damaging cell membranes and cytoskeletons, impairing mitochondrial function, altering nuclear structures, and inhibiting ion channels. These disruptions can lead to widespread alterations by interfering with complex cellular signaling pathways, potentially causing cellular, organ, and systemic impairments. This article delves into the factors influencing how nanoparticles behave in biological systems. These factors include the nanoparticles' size, shape, charge, and chemical composition, as well as the characteristics of the cells and their surrounding environment. It also provides an overview of the impact of nanoparticles on cells, organs, and physiological systems and discusses possible mechanisms behind these adverse effects. Understanding the toxic effects of nanoparticles on physiological systems is crucial for developing safer, more effective nanoparticle-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Yunqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bing Yan
- Institute of Environmental Research at the Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
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9
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Kuiper JWP, Gregg HL, Schüber M, Klein J, Hauck CR. Controling the cytoskeleton during CEACAM3-mediated phagocytosis. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151384. [PMID: 38215579 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phagocytosis, an innate defense mechanism of multicellular animals, is initiated by specialized surface receptors. A phagocytic receptor expressed by human polymorphonuclear granulocytes, the major professional phagocytes in our body, is one of the fastest evolving human proteins implying a special role in human biology. This receptor, CEACAM3, is a member of the CarcinoEmbryonic Antigen-related Cell Adhesion Molecule (CEACAM) family and dedicated to the immediate recognition and rapid internalization of human-restricted pathogens. In this focused contribution, we will review the special adaptations of this protein, which co-evolves with different species of mucosa-colonizing bacteria. While the extracellular Immunoglobulin-variable (IgV)-like domain recognizes various bacterial adhesins, an Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-based Activation Motif (ITAM)-like sequence in the cytoplasmic tail of CEACAM3 constitutes the central signaling hub to trigger actin rearrangements needed for efficient phagocytosis. A major emphasis of this review will be placed on recent findings, which have revealed the multi-level control of this powerful phagocytic device. As tyrosine phosphorylation and small GTPase activity are central for CEACAM3-mediated phagocytosis, the counterregulation of CEACAM3 activity involves the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase J (PTPRJ) as well as the Rac-GTP scavenging protein Cyri-B. Interference with such negative regulatory circuits has revealed that CEACAM3-mediated phagocytosis can be strongly enhanced. In principle, the knowledge gained by studying CEACAM3 can be applied to other phagocytic systems and opens the door to treatments, which boost the phagocytic capacity of professional phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena L Gregg
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Meike Schüber
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jule Klein
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof R Hauck
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Universität Konstanz, Germany.
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10
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Niraula G, Wu C, Yu X, Malik S, Verma DS, Yang R, Zhao B, Ding S, Zhang W, Sharma SK. The Curie temperature: a key playmaker in self-regulated temperature hyperthermia. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:286-331. [PMID: 37955235 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01437a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The Curie temperature is an important thermo-characteristic of magnetic materials, which causes a phase transition from ferromagnetic to paramagnetic by changing the spontaneous re-arrangement of their spins (intrinsic magnetic mechanism) due to an increase in temperature. The self-control-temperature (SCT) leads to the conversion of ferro/ferrimagnetic materials to paramagnetic materials, which can extend the temperature-based applications of these materials from industrial nanotechnology to the biomedical field. In this case, magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH) with self-control-temperature has been proposed as a physical thermo-therapeutic method for killing cancer tumors in a biologically safe environment. Specifically, the thermal source of MIH is magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and thus their biocompatibility and Curie temperature are two important properties, where the former is required for their clinical application, while the latter acts as a switch to automatically control the temperature of MIH. In this review, we focus on the Curie temperature of magnetic materials and provide a complete overview beginning with basic magnetism and its inevitable relation with Curie's law, theoretical prediction and experimental measurement of the Curie temperature. Furthermore, we discuss the significance, evolution from different types of alloys to ferrites and impact of the shape, size, and concentration of particles on the Curie temperature considering the proposed SCT-based MIH together with their biocompatibility. Also, we highlight the thermal efficiency of MNPs in destroying tumor cells and the significance of a low Curie temperature. Finally, the challenges, concluding remarks, and future perspectives in promoting self-control-temperature based MIH to clinical application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Niraula
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805, Brazil.
| | - Chengwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaogang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Sonia Malik
- LBLGC, University of Orléans, 1 Rue de Chartres-BP 6759, 45067 Orleans, France
| | - Dalip Singh Verma
- Department of Physics & Astronomical Science, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, 176215, India
| | - Rengpeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Boxiong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Shuaiwen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, P. R. China.
| | - Surender Kumar Sharma
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805, Brazil.
- Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
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11
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Maina JN. A critical assessment of the cellular defences of the avian respiratory system: are birds in general and poultry in particular relatively more susceptible to pulmonary infections/afflictions? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:2152-2187. [PMID: 37489059 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
In commercial poultry farming, respiratory diseases cause high morbidities and mortalities, begetting colossal economic losses. Without empirical evidence, early observations led to the supposition that birds in general, and poultry in particular, have weak innate and adaptive pulmonary defences and are therefore highly susceptible to injury by pathogens. Recent findings have, however, shown that birds possess notably efficient pulmonary defences that include: (i) a structurally complex three-tiered airway arrangement with aerodynamically intricate air-flow dynamics that provide efficient filtration of inhaled air; (ii) a specialised airway mucosal lining that comprises air-filtering (ciliated) cells and various resident phagocytic cells such as surface and tissue macrophages, dendritic cells and lymphocytes; (iii) an exceptionally efficient mucociliary escalator system that efficiently removes trapped foreign agents; (iv) phagocytotic atrial and infundibular epithelial cells; (v) phagocytically competent surface macrophages that destroy pathogens and injurious particulates; (vi) pulmonary intravascular macrophages that protect the lung from the vascular side; and (vii) proficiently phagocytic pulmonary extravasated erythrocytes. Additionally, the avian respiratory system rapidly translocates phagocytic cells onto the respiratory surface, ostensibly from the subepithelial space and the circulatory system: the mobilised cells complement the surface macrophages in destroying foreign agents. Further studies are needed to determine whether the posited weak defence of the avian respiratory system is a global avian feature or is exclusive to poultry. This review argues that any inadequacies of pulmonary defences in poultry may have derived from exacting genetic manipulation(s) for traits such as rapid weight gain from efficient conversion of food into meat and eggs and the harsh environmental conditions and severe husbandry operations in modern poultry farming. To reduce pulmonary diseases and their severity, greater effort must be directed at establishment of optimal poultry housing conditions and use of more humane husbandry practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- John N Maina
- Department of Zoology, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park Campus, Kingsway Avenue, Johannesburg, 2006, South Africa
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12
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Arciola CR, Ravaioli S, Mirzaei R, Dolzani P, Montanaro L, Daglia M, Campoccia D. Biofilms in Periprosthetic Orthopedic Infections Seen through the Eyes of Neutrophils: How Can We Help Neutrophils? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16669. [PMID: 38068991 PMCID: PMC10706149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in our knowledge of neutrophil responses to planktonic bacteria during acute inflammation, much remains to be elucidated on how neutrophils deal with bacterial biofilms in implant infections. Further complexity transpires from the emerging findings on the role that biomaterials play in conditioning bacterial adhesion, the variety of biofilm matrices, and the insidious measures that biofilm bacteria devise against neutrophils. Thus, grasping the entirety of neutrophil-biofilm interactions occurring in periprosthetic tissues is a difficult goal. The bactericidal weapons of neutrophils consist of the following: ready-to-use antibacterial proteins and enzymes stored in granules; NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS); and net-like structures of DNA, histones, and granule proteins, which neutrophils extrude to extracellularly trap pathogens (the so-called NETs: an allusive acronym for "neutrophil extracellular traps"). Neutrophils are bactericidal (and therefore defensive) cells endowed with a rich offensive armamentarium through which, if frustrated in their attempts to engulf and phagocytose biofilms, they can trigger the destruction of periprosthetic bone. This study speculates on how neutrophils interact with biofilms in the dramatic scenario of implant infections, also considering the implications of this interaction in view of the design of new therapeutic strategies and functionalized biomaterials, to help neutrophils in their arduous task of managing biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Renata Arciola
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Laboratory of Pathology of Implant Infections, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ravaioli
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (D.C.)
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran;
| | - Paolo Dolzani
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Lucio Montanaro
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Laboratory of Pathology of Implant Infections, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Via San Giacomo 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Davide Campoccia
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (S.R.); (D.C.)
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13
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Lee JY, Jeong EA, Lee J, Shin HJ, Lee SJ, An HS, Kim KE, Kim WH, Bae YC, Kang H, Roh GS. TonEBP Haploinsufficiency Attenuates Microglial Activation and Memory Deficits in Middle-Aged and Amyloid β Oligomer-Treated Mice. Cells 2023; 12:2612. [PMID: 37998347 PMCID: PMC10670066 DOI: 10.3390/cells12222612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related microglial activation is associated with cognitive impairment. Tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) is a critical mediator of microglial activation in response to neuroinflammation. However, the precise role of TonEBP in the middle-aged brain is not yet known. We used TonEBP haploinsufficient mice to investigate the role of TonEBP in middle-aged or amyloid β oligomer (AβO)-injected brains and examined the effect of TonEBP knockdown on AβO-treated BV2 microglial cells. Consistent with an increase in microglial activation with aging, hippocampal TonEBP expression levels were increased in middle-aged (12-month-old) and old (24-month-old) mice compared with young (6-month-old) mice. Middle-aged TonEBP haploinsufficient mice showed reduced microglial activation and fewer memory deficits than wild-type mice. Electron microscopy revealed that synaptic pruning by microglial processes was reduced by TonEBP haploinsufficiency. TonEBP haploinsufficiency also reduced dendritic spine loss and improved memory deficits in AβO-treated mice. Furthermore, TonEBP knockdown attenuated migration and phagocytosis in AβO-treated BV2 cells. These findings suggest that TonEBP plays important roles in age-related microglial activation and memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Eun Ae Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Jaewoong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyun Joo Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - So Jeong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Hyeong Seok An
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Kyung Eun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Department of Chronic Disease Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea;
| | - Heeyoung Kang
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea;
| | - Gu Seob Roh
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, College of Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.L.); (E.A.J.); (J.L.); (H.J.S.); (S.J.L.); (H.S.A.); (K.E.K.)
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14
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Ihedioha OC, Sivakoses A, Beverley SM, McMahon-Pratt D, Bothwell ALM. Leishmania major-derived lipophosphoglycan influences the host's early immune response by inducing platelet activation and DKK1 production via TLR1/2. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1257046. [PMID: 37885890 PMCID: PMC10598878 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1257046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platelets are rapidly deployed to infection sites and respond to pathogenic molecules via pattern recognition receptors (TLR, NLRP). Dickkopf1 (DKK1) is a quintessential Wnt antagonist produced by a variety of cell types including platelets, endothelial cells, and is known to modulate pro-inflammatory responses in infectious diseases and cancer. Moreover, DKK1 is critical for forming leukocyte-platelet aggregates and induction of type 2 cell-mediated immune responses. Our previous publication showed activated platelets release DKK1 following Leishmania major recognition. Results Here we probed the role of the key surface virulence glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG), on DKK1 production using null mutants deficient in LPG synthesis (Δlpg1- and Δlpg2-). Leishmania-induced DKK1 production was reduced to control levels in the absence of LPG in both mutants and was restored upon re-expression of the cognate LPG1 or LPG2 genes. Furthermore, the formation of leukocyte-platelet aggregates was dependent on LPG. LPG mediated platelet activation and DKK1 production occurs through TLR1/2. Conclusion Thus, LPG is a key virulence factor that induces DKK1 production from activated platelets, and the circulating DKK1 promotes Th2 cell polarization. This suggests that LPG-activated platelets can drive innate and adaptive immune responses to Leishmania infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia C. Ihedioha
- 1Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Anutr Sivakoses
- 1Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Stephen M. Beverley
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St. Louis, MI, United States
| | - Diane McMahon-Pratt
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Alfred L. M. Bothwell
- 1Department of Immunobiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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15
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Blasi-Brugué C, Martínez-Flórez I, Baxarias M, del Rio-Velasco J, Solano-Gallego L. Exploring the Relationship between Neutrophil Activation and Different States of Canine L. infantum Infection: Nitroblue Tetrazolium Test and IFN-γ. Vet Sci 2023; 10:572. [PMID: 37756094 PMCID: PMC10535614 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10090572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of neutrophils in canine leishmaniosis by assessing neutrophil activation and its relationship with different states of L. infantum infection and antibody and IFN-γ production. Dogs were categorized into five groups: healthy-seronegative (n = 25), healthy-seropositive (n = 21), LeishVet-stage I (n = 25), Leishvet-stage II (n = 41), and LeishVet-stage III-IV (n = 16). Results of the nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test (NBT) showed significantly higher neutrophil activation in stage I (median:17.17, range: [7.33-31.50]%) compared to in healthy-seronegative (4.10 [1.20-18.00]%), healthy-seropositive (7.65 [3.98-21.74]%), stage II (6.50 [1.50-28.70]%), and stage III-IV (7.50 [3.00-16.75]%) groups (p < 0.0001). Healthy-seropositive dogs also displayed higher values than all groups except stage I. Stages II and III-IV did not show significant differences compared to healthy-seronegative. Regarding IFN-γ, stage I dogs had higher concentrations (median:127.90, range: [0-3998.00] pg/mL) than healthy-seronegative (0 [0-109.50] pg/mL) (p = 0.0002), stage II (9.00 [0-5086.00] pg/mL) (p = 0.045), and stage III-IV (3.50 [80.00-548.80] pg/mL) (p = 0.02) dogs. Stage II dogs showed increased IFN-γ compared to healthy-seronegative dogs (p = 0.015), while stage III-IV dogs had no significant differences compared to healthy-seronegative dogs (p = 0.12). Healthy-seropositive dogs had elevated IFN-γ concentrations compared to healthy-seronegative dogs (p = 0.001) and dogs in stage III-IV (p = 0.03). In conclusion, neutrophil activation was higher in dogs with mild disease and healthy-seropositive dogs, and a relationship between neutrophil activation and the production of IFN-γ was found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Laia Solano-Gallego
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (C.B.-B.); (I.M.-F.); (M.B.); (J.d.R.-V.)
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16
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Wu D, Wang Y, Hu J, Xu Y, Gong D, Wu P, Dong J, He B, Qian H, Wang G. Rab26 promotes macrophage phagocytosis through regulation of MFN2 trafficking to mitochondria. FEBS J 2023; 290:4023-4039. [PMID: 37060270 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory disorder of the lungs caused by bacterial or viral infection. Timely phagocytosis and clearance of pathogens by macrophages are important in controlling inflammation and alleviating ARDS. However, the precise mechanism of macrophage phagocytosis remains to be explored. Here, we show that the expression of Rab26 is increased in Escherichia coli- or Pseudomonas aeruginosa-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages. Knocking out Rab26 reduced phagocytosis and bacterial clearance by macrophages. Rab26 interacts with mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin-2 (MFN2) and affects mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation by regulating MFN2 transport. The levels of MFN2 in mitochondria were reduced in Rab26-deficient bone marrow-derived macrophages, and the levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and ATP were significantly decreased. Knocking down MFN2 using small interfering RNA resulted in decreased phagocytosis and killing ability of macrophages. Rab26 knockout reduced phagocytosis and bacterial clearance by macrophages in vivo, significantly increased inflammatory factors, aggravated lung tissue damage, and increased mortality in mice. Our results demonstrate that Rab26 regulates phagocytosis and clearance of bacteria by mediating the transport of MFN2 to mitochondria in macrophages, thus alleviating ARDS in mice and potentially in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Junxian Hu
- Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Daohui Gong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Junkang Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Binfeng He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Guansong Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China
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17
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Horonushi D, Yoshida A, Nakata Y, Sentoku M, Furumoto Y, Azuma T, Suzuki S, Ando M, Yasuda K. Membrane backtracking at the maximum capacity of nondigestible antigen phagocytosis in macrophages. Biophys J 2023; 122:2707-2726. [PMID: 37226441 PMCID: PMC10397574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The zipper model has been dominantly used to describe the driving mechanism of the engulfment process and its specific identification of antigens during phagocytosis in macrophages. However, the abilities and limitations of the zipper model, capturing the process as an irreversible reaction, have not been examined yet under the critical conditions of engulfment capacity. Here, we demonstrated the phagocytic behavior of macrophages after reaching the maximum engulfment capacity by tracking the progression of their membrane extension during engulfment using IgG-coated nondigestible polystyrene beads and glass microneedles. The results showed that, after macrophages reached their maximum engulfment capacity, they induced membrane backtracking (the reverse phenomenon of engulfment) in both polystyrene beads and glass microneedles, regardless of the difference in the shape of these antigens. We evaluated the correlation of engulfment in simultaneous stimulations of two IgG-coated microneedles and found that each microneedle was regurgitated by the macrophage independently of the advancement or backtracking of membranes on the other microneedle. Moreover, assessing the total engulfment capacity determined by the maximum amount the macrophage was capable of engulfing when imposing each antigen geometry showed that the capacity increased as the attached antigen areas increased. These results indicate that the mechanism of engulfment should imply the following: 1) macrophages have a backtracking function to recover their phagocytic activity after reaching maximal engulfment limit, 2) both phagocytosis and backtracking are local phenomena of the macrophage membrane that operates independently, and 3) the maximum engulfment capacity is determined not only by mere local cell membrane capacity but also by the whole-cell volume increase during simultaneous phagocytosis of multiple antigens by the single macrophages. Thus, the phagocytic activity may entail a hidden backtracking function, adding to the conventionally known irreversible zipper-like ligand-receptor binding mechanism during membrane progression to recover the macrophages that are saturated from engulfing targets beyond their capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Horonushi
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amane Yoshida
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakata
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Sentoku
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Furumoto
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Azuma
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Souta Suzuki
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maiha Ando
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Yasuda
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
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18
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Grey EL, McClendon J, Suresh J, Alper S, Janssen WJ, Bryant SJ. Thiol-Michael Addition Microparticles: Their Synthesis, Characterization, and Uptake by Macrophages. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4223-4240. [PMID: 37379254 PMCID: PMC10619202 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric microparticles are promising biomaterial platforms for targeting macrophages in the treatment of disease. This study investigates microparticles formed by a thiol-Michael addition step-growth polymerization reaction with tunable physiochemical properties and their uptake by macrophages. The hexafunctional thiol monomer dipentaerythritol hexa-3-mercaptopropionate (DPHMP) and tetrafunctional acrylate monomer di(trimethylolpropane) tetraacrylate (DTPTA) were reacted in a stepwise dispersion polymerization, achieving tunable monodisperse particles over a size range (1-10 μm) relevant for targeting macrophages. An off-stoichiometry thiol-acrylate reaction afforded facile secondary chemical functionalization to create particles with different chemical moieties. Uptake of the microparticles by RAW 264.7 macrophages was highly dependent on treatment time, particle size, and particle chemistry with amide, carboxyl, and thiol terminal chemistries. The amide-terminated particles were non-inflammatory, while the carboxyl- and thiol-terminated particles induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production in conjunction with particle phagocytosis. Finally, a lung-specific application was explored through time-dependent uptake of amide-terminated particles by human alveolar macrophages in vitro and mouse lungs in vivo without inducing inflammation. The findings demonstrate a promising microparticulate delivery vehicle that is cyto-compatible, is non-inflammatory, and exhibits high rates of uptake by macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson L. Grey
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
| | - Jazalle McClendon
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Joshita Suresh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
| | - Scott Alper
- Department of Immunology and Genomic Medicine, Center for Genes, Environment and Health, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - William J. Janssen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12631 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Stephanie J. Bryant
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
- Materials Science & Engineering Program, University of Colorado, 4001 Discovery Dr, Boulder, CO 80309-0613, USA
- BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado, 3415 Colorado Ave, Boulder, CO 80309-0596, USA
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19
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Zhang J, Agarwal AK, Feng Q, Tripathi SK, Khan IA, Pugh ND. Identification of Botanicals that Unmask β-Glucan from the Cell Surface of an Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen. J Diet Suppl 2023; 21:154-166. [PMID: 37070414 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2201355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Dectin-1 expressed on host immune cells recognizes β-glucans within the cell walls of fungal pathogens and plays an important role in the clearance of fungal infections. However, because β-glucan is masked by an outer layer of mannoproteins, fungal pathogens can evade detection by host immune cells. In this study, a microplate-based screen was developed to identify β-glucan unmasking activity exhibited by botanicals. This screen measures the activity of a reporter gene in response to the transcriptional activation of NF-κB due to the interaction between β-glucan on the fungal cell surface and Dectin-1 present on host immune cells. In this proof-of-concept study, we screened a collection of botanicals (10 plants and some of their reported pure compound actives) used in traditional medicine for their antifungal properties. Several hits were identified in samples that unmasked β-glucan at sub-inhibitory concentrations. The hit samples were confirmed by fluorescent staining with a β-glucan antibody, verifying that the samples identified in the screen did indeed unmask β-glucan. These results indicate that the purported antifungal activities attributed to some botanicals may be due, at least in part, to the presence of compounds that exhibit β-glucan unmasking activity. Enhanced exposure of cell wall β-glucans would allow the host to build resilience against fungal infections by helping the immune system to detect the pathogen and mount a more effective clearance mechanism. This screen, together with direct killing/growth inhibition assays, may therefore serve as a valuable tool for substantiating the use of botanicals in preventing and/or treating fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Ameeta K Agarwal
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Qin Feng
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Siddharth K Tripathi
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
- Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Nirmal D Pugh
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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20
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Cheruku S, Rao V, Pandey R, Rao Chamallamudi M, Velayutham R, Kumar N. Tumor-associated macrophages employ immunoediting mechanisms in colorectal tumor progression: Current research in Macrophage repolarization immunotherapy. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109569. [PMID: 36773572 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) constitute the most prolific resident of the tumor microenvironment (TME) that regulate its TME into tumor suppressive or progressive milieu by utilizing immunoediting machinery. Here, the tumor cells construct an immunosuppressive microenvironment that educates TAMs to polarize from anti-tumor TAM-M1 to pro-tumor TAM-M2 phenotype consequently contributing to tumor progression. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the TME displays a prominent pro-tumorigenic immune profile with elevated expression of immune-checkpoint molecules notably PD-1, CTLA4, etc., in both MSI and ultra-mutated MSS tumors. This authenticated immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) immunotherapy as a pre-requisite for clinical benefit in CRC. However, in response to ICI, specifically, the MSIhi tumors evolved to produce novel immune escape variants thus undermining ICI. Lately, TAM-directed therapies extending from macrophage depletion to repolarization have enabled TME alteration. While TAM accrual implicates clinical benefit in CRC, sustained inflammatory insult may program TAMs to shift from M1 to M2 phenotype. Their ability to oscillate on both facets of the spectrum represents macrophage repolarization immunotherapy as an effective approach to treating CRC. In this review, we briefly discuss the differentiation heterogeneity of colonic macrophages that partake in macrophage-directed immunoediting mechanisms in CRC progression and its employment in macrophage re-polarization immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- SriPragnya Cheruku
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vanishree Rao
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ruchi Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal- 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Ravichandiran Velayutham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, and Research, Hajipur, Export Promotions Industrial Park (EPIP), Industrial area, Hajipur, Vaishali, 844102, Bihar, India.
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21
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Ferdous Z, Elzaki O, Beegam S, Zaaba NE, Tariq S, Adeghate E, Nemmar A. Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles on the Erythrocytes of Wistar Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043784. [PMID: 36835195 PMCID: PMC9967603 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are one of the most widely used nanomaterials. SiNPs can encounter erythrocytes and hypertension is strongly linked to abnormalities in the functional and structural characteristics of erythrocytes. As little is known about the combinatorial effect of SiNP-hypertension interactions on erythrocytes, the aim of this work was to study the effects triggered by hypertension on SiNPs induced hemolysis and the pathophysiological mechanism underlying it. We compared the interaction of amorphous 50 nm SiNPs at various concentrations (0.2, 1, 5 and 25 µg/mL) with erythrocytes of normotensive (NT) and hypertensive (HT) rats in vitro. Following incubation of the erythrocytes, SiNPs induced significant and dose-dependent increase in hemolysis. Transmission electron microscopy revealed erythrocyte deformity in addition to SiNPs taken up by erythrocytes. The erythrocyte susceptibility to lipid peroxidation was significantly increased. The concentration of reduced glutathione, and activities of superoxide dismutase, and catalase were significantly increased. SiNPs significantly increased intracellular Ca2+. Likewise, the concentration of the cellular protein annexin V and calpain activity was enhanced by SiNPs. Concerningly, all the tested parameters were significantly enhanced in erythrocytes from HT rats compared to NT rats. Our results collectively demonstrate that hypertension can potentially exacerbate the in vitro effect induced by SiNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ozaz Elzaki
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nur Elena Zaaba
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saeed Tariq
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-7137533
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22
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Hussen J, Alkuwayti MA, Falemban B, Al-Sukruwah MA, Alhojaily SM, Humam NAA, Adwani SA. Immunomodulatory Effects of Bacterial Toll-like Receptor Ligands on the Phenotype and Function of Milk Immune Cells in Dromedary Camel. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020276. [PMID: 36829554 PMCID: PMC9952959 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
(1) Toll-like receptors (TLR) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that sense distinct molecular patterns of microbial origin. Although the immune cell composition of camel milk has been recently described, host-pathogen interaction studies in the camel mammary gland are still scarce. The present study aimed to use a whole milk stimulation assay for investigating the modulatory effect of selected Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands on the phenotype and function of milk immune cells. (2) Methods-camel milk samples (n = 7) were stimulated in vitro with the TLR4 ligand LPS or the TLR2/1 ligand Pam3CSK4, and separated milk cells were evaluated for stimulation-induced shape change, the expression of cell surface markers, phagocytosis, apoptosis, ROS production, and NETosis. Stimulation with PMA was used as a control stimulation. (3) Results-all stimulants induced shape change in milk cells, change in the expression of several cell markers, and increased cell apoptosis and NETosis. In addition, stimulation with Pam3CSK4 and PMA was associated with enhanced ROS production, while only PMA stimulation resulted in enhanced bacterial phagocytosis by milk immune cells. (4) Conclusions-our data indicates selective modulating effects of the TLR ligands LPS and Pam3CSK4 on camel milk phagocytes. These results may have implications for the use of synthetic TLR agonists as immunomodulatory adjuvants of the immune response to intra-mammary vaccines against mastitis pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Hussen
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-135896626
| | | | - Baraa Falemban
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali Al-Sukruwah
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer M. Alhojaily
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Agricultural and Veterinary Training and Research Station, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naser Abdallah Al Humam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salma Al Adwani
- Department of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
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23
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Insights of Endocytosis Signaling in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032971. [PMID: 36769293 PMCID: PMC9918140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis in mammalian cells is a fundamental cellular machinery that regulates vital physiological processes, such as the absorption of metabolites, release of neurotransmitters, uptake of hormone cellular defense, and delivery of biomolecules across the plasma membrane. A remarkable characteristic of the endocytic machinery is the sequential assembly of the complex proteins at the plasma membrane, followed by internalization and fusion of various biomolecules to different cellular compartments. In all eukaryotic cells, functional characterization of endocytic pathways is based on dynamics of the protein complex and signal transduction modules. To coordinate the assembly and functions of the numerous parts of the endocytic machinery, the endocytic proteins interact significantly within and between the modules. Clathrin-dependent and -independent endocytosis, caveolar pathway, and receptor mediated endocytosis have been attributed to a greater variety of physiological and pathophysiological roles such as, autophagy, metabolism, cell division, apoptosis, cellular defense, and intestinal permeabilization. Notably, any defect or alteration in the endocytic machinery results in the development of pathological consequences associated with human diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, and inflammatory diseases. In this review, an in-depth endeavor has been made to illustrate the process of endocytosis, and associated mechanisms describing pathological manifestation associated with dysregulated endocytosis machinery.
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24
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Fu X, Guo M, Liu J, Li C. circRNA432 enhances the coelomocyte phagocytosis via regulating the miR-2008-ELMO1 axis in Vibrio splendidus-challenged Apostichopus japonicus. Commun Biol 2023; 6:115. [PMID: 36709365 PMCID: PMC9884281 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a kind of extensive and diverse covalently closed circular endogenous RNA, which exert crucial functions in immune regulation in mammals. However, the functions and mechanisms of circRNAs in invertebrates are largely unclarified. In our previous work, 261 differentially expressed circRNAs including circRNA432 (circ432) were identified from skin ulcer syndrome (SUS) diseased sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus by RNA-seq. To better address the functional role of sea cucumber circRNAs, circ432 was first found to be significantly induced by Vibrio splendidus challenge and LPS exposure in this study. Knock-down circ432 could depress the V. splendidus-induced coelomocytes phagocytosis. Moreover, circ432 is validated to serve as the sponge of miR-2008, a differential expressed miRNA in SUS-diseased sea cucumbers, by Argonaute 2-RNA immunoprecipitation (AGO2-RIP) assay, luciferase reporter assay and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in vitro. Engulfment and cell motility protein 1 (AjELMO1) is further demonstrated to be the target of miR-2008, and silencing AjELMO1 inhibits the V. splendidus-induced coelomocytes phagocytosis, and this phenomenon could be further suppressed by supplementing with miR-2008 mimics, suggesting that circ432 might regulate coelomocytes phagocytosis via miR-2008-AjELMO1 axis. We further confirm that the depressed coelomocytes' phagocytosis by circ432 silencing is consistent with the decreased abundance of AjELMO1, and could be recovered by miR-2008 inhibitors transfection. All our results provide the evidence that circ432 is involved in regulating pathogen-induced coelomocyte phagocytosis via sponge miR-2008 and promotes the abundance of AjELMO1. These findings will enrich the regulatory mechanism of phagocytosis in echinoderm and provide theoretical data for SUS disease prevention and control in sea cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianmu Fu
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Ming Guo
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Jiqing Liu
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China
| | - Chenghua Li
- grid.203507.30000 0000 8950 5267State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, 315211 Ningbo, P. R. China ,grid.484590.40000 0004 5998 3072Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 266071 Qingdao, P. R. China
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25
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Ashley IA, Kitchen SA, Gorman LM, Grossman AR, Oakley CA, Suggett DJ, Weis VM, Rosset SL, Davy SK. Genomic conservation and putative downstream functionality of the phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway in the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1094255. [PMID: 36777026 PMCID: PMC9909359 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1094255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The mutualistic cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis underpins the evolutionary success of stony corals and the persistence of coral reefs. However, a molecular understanding of the signalling events that lead to the successful establishment and maintenance of this symbiosis remains unresolved. For example, the phosphatidylinositol (PI) signalling pathway has been implicated during the establishment of multiple mutualistic and parasitic interactions across the kingdoms of life, yet its role within the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis remains unexplored. Here, we aimed to confirm the presence and assess the specific enzymatic composition of the PI signalling pathway across cnidaria and dinoflagellates by compiling 21 symbiotic anthozoan (corals and sea anemones) and 28 symbiotic dinoflagellate (Symbiodiniaceae) transcriptomic and genomic datasets and querying genes related to this pathway. Presence or absence of PI-kinase and PI-phosphatase orthologs were also compared between a broad sampling of taxonomically related symbiotic and non-symbiotic species. Across the symbiotic anthozoans analysed, there was a complete and highly conserved PI pathway, analogous to the pathway found in model eukaryotes. The Symbiodiniaceae pathway showed similarities to its sister taxon, the Apicomplexa, with the absence of PI 4-phosphatases. However, conversely to Apicomplexa, there was also an expansion of homologs present in the PI5-phosphatase and PI5-kinase groups, with unique Symbiodiniaceae proteins identified that are unknown from non-symbiotic unicellular organisms. Additionally, we aimed to unravel the putative functionalities of the PI signalling pathway in this symbiosis by analysing phosphoinositide (PIP)-binding proteins. Analysis of phosphoinositide (PIP)-binding proteins showed that, on average, 2.23 and 1.29% of the total assemblies of anthozoan and Symbiodiniaceae, respectively, have the potential to bind to PIPs. Enrichment of Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with predicted PIP-binding proteins within each taxon revealed a broad range of functions, including compelling links to processes putatively involved in symbiosis regulation. This analysis establishes a baseline for current understanding of the PI pathway across anthozoans and Symbiodiniaceae, and thus a framework to target future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immy A. Ashley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sheila A. Kitchen
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Lucy M. Gorman
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Arthur R. Grossman
- Department of Plant Biology, The Carnegie Institution, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Clinton A. Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - David J. Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Virginia M. Weis
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sabrina L. Rosset
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Simon K. Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand,*Correspondence: Simon K. Davy,
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26
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Singh A, Das K, Banerjee S, Sen P. Elucidation of the signalling pathways for enhanced exosome release from Mycobacterium-infected macrophages and subsequent induction of differentiation. Immunology 2023; 168:63-82. [PMID: 36240165 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by all cell types; perform several important functions such as cell-to-cell communication, growth, differentiation and so on. Exosomes elicit several signalling mechanisms as they carry information in the form of DNA, RNA or protein docked on them. We show that exosomes released from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)-infected macrophages not only induce differentiation of naïve monocytes but also generate functionally active macrophages via MAPK-dependent signalling mechanism through MK-2 and NF-κβ activation which is completely different from the differentiation induced by exosomes from uninfected macrophages. Further, we elucidate unequivocally the signalling mechanism behind the enhanced release of exosome generation from infected macrophages driven by AKT phosphorylation involving Rab7a and Rab11a. Genes of both ESCRT-dependent and -independent pathways are found to be involved in enhanced exosomes release and are modulated by AKT. However, interestingly, the genes of the ESCRT-independent pathway are dependent on NF-κβ activation while the genes of the dependent pathway are not, suggesting two parallel signalling cascades operating in tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Singh
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaushik Das
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Sampali Banerjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Prosenjit Sen
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
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27
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Novakowski KE, Loukov D, Bowdish DME. Bacterial Binding, Phagocytosis, and Killing Capacity: Measurements Using Colony Forming Units. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2692:1-13. [PMID: 37365457 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3338-0_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we provide a colony forming unit (CFU)-based counting method for quantitating the bacterial binding, phagocytosis, and killing capacity of phagocytes. Although these functions can be measured by immunofluorescence- and dye-based assays, quantitating CFUs are comparatively inexpensive and easy to perform. The protocol described below is easily modified for use with different phagocytes (e.g., macrophages, neutrophils, cell lines), types of bacteria, or opsonic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dessi Loukov
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dawn M E Bowdish
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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28
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Gomes FR, Madelaire CB, Moretti EH, Titon SCM, Assis VR. Immunoendocrinology and Ecoimmunology in Brazilian Anurans. Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1654-1670. [PMID: 35411921 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews several aspects of immunoendocrinology and ecoimmunology in Brazilian species of anurans under investigation for more than a decade, including (1) patterns of annual covariation of circulating steroids, calling behavior and innate immunity, (2) endocrine and immune correlates of calling performance, (3) behavioral and physiological correlates of parasite load, (4) thermal sensitivity of immune function, and (5) endocrine and immunomodulation by experimental exposure to acute and chronic stressors, as well as to endocrine manipulations and simulated infections. Integrated results have shown an immunoprotective role of increased steroid plasma levels during reproductive activity in calling males. Moreover, a higher helminth parasite load is associated with changes in several behavioral and physiological traits under field conditions. We also found anuran innate immunity is generally characterized by eurythermy, with maximal performance observed in temperatures close to normal and fever thermal preferendum. Moreover, the aerobic scope of innate immune response is decreased at fever thermal preferendum. Experimental exposure to stressors results in increased corticosterone plasma levels and immune redistribution, with an impact on immune function depending on the duration of the stress exposure. Interestingly, the fate of immunomodulation by chronic stressors also depends in part on individual body condition. Acute treatment with corticosterone generally enhances immune function, while prolonged exposure results in immunosuppression. Still, the results of hormonal treatment are complex and depend on the dose, duration of treatment, and the immune variable considered. Finally, simulated infection results in complex modulation of the expression of cytokines, increased immune function, activation of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Interrenal axis, and decreased activity of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal axis, as well as reduced melatonin plasma levels, suggesting that anurans have a functional Immune-Pineal axis, homologous to that previously described for mammals. These integrated and complementary approaches have contributed to a better understanding of physiological mechanisms and processes, as well as ecological and evolutionary implications of anuran immunoendocrinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ribeiro Gomes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Carla Bonetti Madelaire
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brasil.,School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Eduardo Hermógenes Moretti
- Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 1730, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brasil
| | - Stefanny Christie Monteiro Titon
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brasil
| | - Vania Regina Assis
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, trav. 14, 101, São Paulo, SP 05508-090, Brasil
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29
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Zhou J, Xiang H, Huang J, Zhong Y, Zhu X, Xu J, Lu Q, Gao B, Zhang H, Yang R, Luo Y, Yan F. Role of Surface Charge of Nanoscale Ultrasound Contrast Agents in Complement Activation and Phagocytosis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:5933-5946. [PMID: 36506344 PMCID: PMC9733633 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s364381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To prepare nanoscale ultrasound contrast agents (Nano-UCAs) and examine the role of their surface charge in complement activation and phagocytosis. Materials and Methods We analyzed serum proteins present in the corona formed on Nano-UCAs and evaluated two important protein markers of complement activation (C3 and SC5b-9). The effect of surface charge on phagocytosis was further assessed using THP-1 macrophages. Results When Nano-UCAs were incubated with human serum, they were opsonized by various blood proteins, especially C3. Highly charged Nano-UCAs, whether positive or negative, were favorably opsonized by complement proteins and phagocytized by macrophages. Conclusion Charged Nano-UCAs show a higher tendency to activated complement system, and are efficiently engulfed by macrophages. The present results provide meaningful insights into the role of the surface charge of nanoparticles in the activation of the innate immune system, which is important not only for the design of targeted Nano-UCAs, but also for the effectiveness and safety of other theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongjin Xiang
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Laboratory of Mitochondria and Metabolism, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhu
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinshun Xu
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binyang Gao
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Luo
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Yan Luo, Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 028 8542 3192, Email
| | - Feng Yan
- Ultrasound Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Feng Yan, Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 028 8516 4146, Email
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Xiong X, Yang H, Ding C, Qin B, Deng Y, Xiong L, Liu X, Li Y, Xiao T, Lv Z. Functional and expression analysis reveals the involvement of integrin αvβ3 in antiviral immunity of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:52-63. [PMID: 35995370 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are α-β heterodimeric cell receptors that can bind the protein components of pathogens, and play crucial roles in mammalian immune responses, but the immune functions mediated by integrins remains largely unknown in teleost fish. In this study, an integrin αvβ3 (GCαvβ3) originally assembled by αv (GCαv) and β3 (GCβ3) subunits, was identified from a teleost fish grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. The pairwise alignment analyses showed that the amino acid sequences of GCαv and GCβ3 shared high similarity (75.2-95.1%) and identity (58.6-90.7%) with their homologs from other vertebrates. Both GCαv and GCβ3 harbored the conserved protein domains and motifs, and were clustered in fish branch of the phylogenetic tree containing the counterparts from various vertebrates. Co-immunoprecipitation displayed that GCβ3 could interact with the grass carp reovirus (GCRV) outer capsid protein VP5. Two incubation experiments revealed that the interaction of GCRV or VP5 proteins with GCβ3 could induce the expressions of type I interferons (IFNs) including IFN2 and IFN3 in grass carp ovary cell line. The functional analysis demonstrated that GCαvβ3 served as a receptor of viral protein components to be involved in antiviral immunity as human integrin αvβ3 did. In addition, both GCαv and GCβ3 were significantly upregulated in various tissues of grass carp after GCRV infection. This study might provide fundamental basis for understanding the molecular characteristics and immune functions of GCαvβ3, and offer a new insight into the antiviral immune mechanism specific to the integrins in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Xiong
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Chunhua Ding
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Beibei Qin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yadong Deng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yaoguo Li
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Tiaoyi Xiao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Zhao Lv
- Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Griffiths G, Gruenberg J, Marsh M, Wohlmann J, Jones AT, Parton RG. Nanoparticle entry into cells; the cell biology weak link. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114403. [PMID: 35777667 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NP) are attractive options for the therapeutic delivery of active pharmaceutical drugs, proteins and nucleic acids into cells, tissues and organs. Research into the development and application of NP most often starts with a diverse group of scientists, including chemists, bioengineers and material and pharmaceutical scientists, who design, fabricate and characterize NP in vitro (Stage 1). The next step (Stage 2) generally investigates cell toxicity as well as the processes by which NP bind, are internalized and deliver their cargo to appropriate model tissue culture cells. Subsequently, in Stage 3, selected NP are tested in animal systems, mostly mouse. Whereas the chemistry-based development and analysis in Stage 1 is increasingly sophisticated, the investigations in Stage 2 are not what could be regarded as 'state-of-the-art' for the cell biology field and the quality of research into NP interactions with cells is often sub-standard. In this review we describe our current understanding of the mechanisms by which particles gain entry into mammalian cells via endocytosis. We summarize the most important areas for concern, highlight some of the most common mis-conceptions, and identify areas where NP scientists could engage with trained cell biologists. Our survey of the different mechanisms of uptake into cells makes us suspect that claims for roles for caveolae, as well as macropinocytosis, in NP uptake into cells have been exaggerated, whereas phagocytosis has been under-appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Griffiths
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jean Gruenberg
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, 30 quai E. Ansermet, 1211-Geneva-4, Switzerland
| | - Mark Marsh
- Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jens Wohlmann
- Department Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, PO Box 1041, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Arwyn T Jones
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Redwood Building, Cardiff, Wales CF103NB, UK
| | - Robert G Parton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
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Pérez-Rodríguez S, Borau C, García-Aznar JM, Gonzalo-Asensio J. A microfluidic-based analysis of 3D macrophage migration after stimulation by Mycobacterium, Salmonella and Escherichia. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:211. [PMID: 36045335 PMCID: PMC9429415 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02623-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an essential role in the process of recognition and containment of microbial infections. These immune cells are recruited to infectious sites to reach and phagocytose pathogens. Specifically, in this article, bacteria from the genus Mycobacterium, Salmonella and Escherichia, were selected to study the directional macrophage movement towards different bacterial fractions. We recreated a three-dimensional environment in a microfluidic device, using a collagen-based hydrogel that simulates the mechanical microarchitecture associated to the Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM). First, we showed that macrophage migration is affected by the collagen concentration of their environment, migrating greater distances at higher velocities with decreasing collagen concentrations. To recreate the infectious microenvironment, macrophages were exposed to lateral gradients of bacterial fractions obtained from the intracellular pathogens M. tuberculosis and S. typhimurium. Our results showed that macrophages migrated directionally, and in a concentration-dependent manner, towards the sites where bacterial fractions are located, suggesting the presence of attractants molecules in all the samples. We confirmed that purified M. tuberculosis antigens, as ESAT-6 and CFP-10, stimulated macrophage recruitment in our device. Finally, we also observed that macrophages migrate towards fractions from non-pathogenic bacteria, such as M. smegmatis and Escherichia coli. In conclusion, our microfluidic device is a useful tool which opens new perspectives to study the recognition of specific antigens by innate immune cells.
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Motomura K, Romero R, Galaz J, Tao L, Garcia-Flores V, Xu Y, Done B, Arenas-Hernandez M, Miller D, Gutierrez-Contreras P, Farias-Jofre M, Aras S, Grossman LI, Tarca AL, Gomez-Lopez N. Fetal and maternal NLRP3 signaling is required for preterm labor and birth. JCI Insight 2022; 7:158238. [PMID: 35993366 PMCID: PMC9462488 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.158238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Motomura
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jose Galaz
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Li Tao
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Valeria Garcia-Flores
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Yi Xu
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Bogdan Done
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Marcia Arenas-Hernandez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Derek Miller
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pedro Gutierrez-Contreras
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Farias-Jofre
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Siddhesh Aras
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Lawrence I. Grossman
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services (NICHD/NIH/DHHS), Detroit, Michigan, USA, and Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Goob G, Adrian J, Cossu C, Hauck CR. Phagocytosis mediated by the human granulocyte receptor CEACAM3 is limited by the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRJ. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102269. [PMID: 35850306 PMCID: PMC9418913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic Antigen-related Cell Adhesion Molecule 3 (CEACAM3) is a human granulocyte receptor mediating the efficient phagocytosis of a subset of human-restricted bacterial pathogens. Its function depends on phosphorylation of a tyrosine-based sequence motif, but the enzyme(s) responsible for reversing this modification are unclear. Here, we identify the receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRJ as a negative regulator of CEACAM3-mediated phagocytosis. We show depletion of PTPRJ results in a gain-of-function phenotype, while overexpression of a constitutively active PTPRJ phosphatase strongly reduces bacterial uptake via CEACAM3. We also determined that recombinant PTPRJ directly dephosphorylates the cytoplasmic tyrosine residues of purified full-length CEACAM3 and recognizes synthetic CEACAM3-derived phospho-peptides as substrates. Dephosphorylation of CEACAM3 by PTPRJ is also observed in intact cells, thereby limiting receptor-initiated cytoskeletal re-arrangements, lamellipodia formation, and bacterial uptake. Finally, we show that human phagocytes deficient for PTPRJ exhibit exaggerated lamellipodia formation and enhanced opsonin-independent phagocytosis of CEACAM3-binding bacteria. Taken together, our results highlight PTPRJ as a bona fide negative regulator of CEACAM3-initiated phagocyte functions, revealing a potential molecular target to limit CEACAM3-driven inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griseldis Goob
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jonas Adrian
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Chiara Cossu
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | - Christof R Hauck
- Lehrstuhl Zellbiologie, Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Germany; Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, Universität Konstanz, Germany.
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Farhan Rasheed HM, Jabeen Q. Pharmacological Role of Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew in Preventing Cyclophosphamide-induced Myelosuppression and Modulating Innate and Adaptive Immune Response. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221123672. [PMID: 36081616 PMCID: PMC9445482 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221123672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew is reported to be practiced in the traditional system of medicine for the management of various immunological pathologies. Purpose The current study was designed to evaluate the modulatory effects of C decidua on different immune responses. Research Design C decidua was extracted in 70% methanol and the crude extract (Cd.Cr) was analyzed by FTIR and GCMS. In vivo models were employed to assess the actions of Cd.Cr on cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression, innate and adaptive immune responses. Results GCMS and FTIR analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and lipids. Cd.Cr evoked a significant and dose-dependent increase in percent neutrophil adhesion (15.97 ± .81, 27.47 ± .79 and 38.35 ± 1.08) and the phagocytic index (3.1 ± .04, 3.96 ± .06 and 5.28 ± .13) at the doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg. Cd.Cr also potentiated haemagglutinating antibody titre, immunoglobulins and cytokines (interferon-γ and interleukin-2) production for 4 weeks, after exposure to sheep erythrocytes, and delayed type hypersensitivity reaction significantly (P < .05). The restoration of hematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activities, by Cd.Cr, indicated the prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced myelosuppression and oxidative stress. Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that C decidua holds immunomodulatory activity by thus possesses therapeutic potential for the management of immunological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Farhan Rasheed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.,Primary and Secondary Healthcare Department, Government of Punjab, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Jabeen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Maccio-Maretto L, Piqueras V, Barrios BE, Romagnoli PA, Denning TL, Correa SG. Luminal bacteria coated with IgA and IgG during intestinal inflammation as a new and abundant stimulus for colonic macrophages. Immunology 2022; 167:64-76. [PMID: 35689599 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the gut, secretory immunoglobulin A is the predominant humoral response against commensals, although healthy hosts also produce microbiota-specific IgG antibodies. During intestinal inflammation, the content of IgG in the lumen increases along with the proportion of commensal bacteria coated with this antibody, suggesting signalling through the IgG-CD64 axis in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. In this work, we evaluated day by day the frequency of faecal bacteria coated with IgA and IgG during the development of DSS colitis. We studied the phenotype and phagocytic activity of F4/80+ CD64+ colonic macrophages, as well as the production of cytokines and nitric oxide by lamina propria or bone marrow-derived macrophages after stimulation with IgA+ , IgG+ and IgA+ IgG+ bacteria. We found that the percentage of faecal IgA+ IgG+ double-coated bacteria increased rapidly during DSS colitis. Also, analysis of the luminal content of mice with colitis showed a markedly superior ability to coat fresh bacteria. IgA+ IgG+ bacteria were the most potent stimulus for phagocytic activity involving CD64 and Dectin-1 receptors. IgA+ IgG+ bacteria observed during the development of DSS colitis could represent a new marker to monitor permeability and inflammatory progression. The interaction of IgA+ IgG+ bacteria with CD64+ F4/80+ macrophages could be part of the complex cascade of events in colitis. Interestingly, after stimulation, CD64+ colonic macrophages showed features similar to those of restorative macrophages that are relevant for tissue repair and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Maccio-Maretto
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI, CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Virginia Piqueras
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI, CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Bibiana E Barrios
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI, CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo A Romagnoli
- Centro de Investigation en Medicina Traslacional Severo Amuchastegui - (CIMETSA) - Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Biomédicas de Córdoba (IUCBC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Timothy L Denning
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Silvia G Correa
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica-Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI, CONICET-UNC), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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Zhang YM, Chen QG, Chen C, Wang S, Li ZF, Hou ZF, Liu DD, Tao JP, Xu JJ. MicroRNA expression profile of chicken cecum in different stages during Histomonas meleagridis infection. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:222. [PMID: 35690747 PMCID: PMC9188098 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Histomonas meleagridis is an anaerobic, intercellular parasite, which infects gallinaceous birds such as turkeys and chickens. In recent years, the reemergence of Histomoniasis has caused serious economic losses as drugs to treat the disease have been banned. At present, H. meleagridis research focuses on virulence, gene expression analysis, and the innate immunity of the host. However, there are no studies on the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) associated with the host inflammatory and immune responses induced by H. meleagridis. In this research, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the expression profile of cecum miRNA at 10 and 15 days post-infection (DPI) in chickens infected with Chinese JSYZ-F strain H. meleagridis. Results Compared with the controls, 94 and 127 DEMs were found in cecum of infected chickens at 10 DPI (CE vs CC) and 15 DPI (CEH vs CCH), respectively, of which 60 DEMs were shared at two-time points. Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis of the target genes of DEMs indicated that 881 and 1027 GO terms were significantly enriched at 10 and 15 DPI, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG, www.kegg.jp/kegg/kegg1.html) pathway enrichment analysis of the target genes of DEMs demonstrated that 5 and 3 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched at 10 and 15 DPI, respectively. For previous uses, the Kanehisa laboratory have happily provided permission. The integrated analysis of miRNA–gene network revealed that the DEMs played important roles in the host inflammatory and immune responses to H. meleagridis infection by dynamically regulating expression levels of inflammation and immune-related cytokines. Conclusion This article not only suggested that host miRNA expression was dynamically altered by H. meleagridis and host but also revealed differences in the regulation of T cell involved in host responses to different times H. meleagridis infection. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-022-03316-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao-Guang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zai-Fan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Feng Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jun Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Saraiva AL, Vieira TN, Notário AFO, Luiz JPM, Silva CR, Goulart LR, Dantas NO, Silva ACA, Espindola FS. CdSe magic-sized quantum dots attenuate reactive oxygen species generated by neutrophils and macrophages with implications in experimental arthritis. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 42:102539. [PMID: 35183761 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The biological applicability of nanomaterials has been limited due to cytotoxicity. Studies have described the effects of nanomaterials on different tissues and cell types, but their actions on immune cells are less elucidated. This study describes unprecedented in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of cadmium selenide magic-sized quantum dots (CdSe MSQDs) with implications on rheumatoid arthritis. While the generation of ROS induced by nanomaterials is linked to cytotoxicity, we found that CdSe MSQDs reduced ROS production by neutrophils and macrophages following opsonized-zymosan stimuli, and we did not find cytotoxic effects. Interestingly, inherent antioxidant properties of CdSe MSQDs were confirmed through DPPH, FRAP, and ORAC assays. Furthermore, CdSe MSQDs reduced ROS levels generated by infiltrating leukocytes into joints in experimental model of rheumatoid arthritis. Briefly, we describe a novel application of CdSe MSQDs in modulating the inflammatory response in experimental rheumatoid arthritis through an unexpected antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Lopes Saraiva
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago Neves Vieira
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - João Paulo Mesquita Luiz
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cássia Regina Silva
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Wang H, Chen D, Lu H. Anti-bacterial monoclonal antibodies: next generation therapy against superbugs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3957-3972. [PMID: 35648146 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11989-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prior to the nineteenth century, infectious disease was one of the leading causes of death. Human life expectancy has roughly doubled over the past century as a result of the development of antibiotics and vaccines. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant superbugs brings new challenges. The side effects of broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as causing antimicrobial resistance and destroying the normal flora, often limit their applications. Furthermore, the development of new antibiotics has lagged far behind the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, the genome complexity of bacteria makes it difficult to create effective vaccines. Therefore, novel therapeutic agents in supplement to antibiotics and vaccines are urgently needed to improve the treatment of infections. In recent years, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have achieved remarkable clinical success in a variety of fields. In the treatment of infectious diseases, mAbs can play functions through multiple mechanisms, including toxins neutralization, virulence factors inhibition, complement-mediated killing activity, and opsonic phagocytosis. Toxins and bacterial surface components are good targets to generate antibodies against. The U.S. FDA has approved three monoclonal antibody drugs, and there are numerous candidates in the preclinical or clinical trial stages. This article reviews recent advances in the research and development of anti-bacterial monoclonal antibody drugs in order to provide a valuable reference for future studies in this area. KEY POINTS: • Novel drugs against antibiotic-resistant superbugs are urgently required • Monoclonal antibodies can treat bacterial infections through multiple mechanisms • There are many anti-bacterial monoclonal antibodies developed in recent years and some candidates have entered the preclinical or clinical stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Daijie Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Huili Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Mazzolini J, Le Clerc S, Morisse G, Coulonges C, Zagury J, Sieger D. Wasl is crucial to maintain microglial core activities during glioblastoma initiation stages. Glia 2022; 70:1027-1051. [PMID: 35194846 PMCID: PMC9306864 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microglia actively promotes the growth of high-grade gliomas. Within the glioma microenvironment an amoeboid microglial morphology has been observed, however the underlying causes and the related impact on microglia functions and their tumor promoting activities is unclear. Using the advantages of the larval zebrafish model, we identified the underlying mechanism and show that microglial morphology and functions are already impaired during glioma initiation stages. The presence of pre-neoplastic HRasV12 expressing cells induces an amoeboid morphology of microglia, increases microglial numbers and decreases their motility and phagocytic activity. RNA sequencing analysis revealed lower expression levels of the actin nucleation promoting factor wasla in microglia. Importantly, a microglia specific rescue of wasla expression restores microglial morphology and functions. This results in increased phagocytosis of pre-neoplastic cells and slows down tumor progression. In conclusion, we identified a mechanism that de-activates core microglial functions within the emerging glioma microenvironment. Restoration of this mechanism might provide a way to impair glioma growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Mazzolini
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Sigrid Le Clerc
- Laboratoire GBCM, EA7528, Conservatoire National des Arts et MétiersHESAM UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Gregoire Morisse
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Cédric Coulonges
- Laboratoire GBCM, EA7528, Conservatoire National des Arts et MétiersHESAM UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Jean‐François Zagury
- Laboratoire GBCM, EA7528, Conservatoire National des Arts et MétiersHESAM UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Dirk Sieger
- Centre for Discovery Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Essential Oil from Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.) Activates Complement Receptor-Mediated Phagocytosis and Stimulates Podosome Formation in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113488. [PMID: 35684426 PMCID: PMC9182017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucalyptus essential oil and its major constituent eucalyptol are extensively employed in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries and their clinical use has recently expanded worldwide as an adjuvant in the treatment of infective and inflammatory diseases. We previously demonstrated that essential oil from Eucalyptus globulus (Labill.) (EO) stimulates in vitro the phagocytic activity of human monocyte-derived macrophages and counteracts the myelotoxicity induced by the chemotherapeutic 5-fluorouracil in immunocompetent rats. Here we characterize some mechanistic aspects underlying the immunostimulatory ability exerted by EO on macrophages. The internalization of fluorescent beads, fluorescent zymosan BioParticles, or apoptotic cancer cells was evaluated by confocal microscopy. Pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine release was determined by flow cytometry using the BD cytometric bead array. Receptor involvement in EO-stimulated phagocytosis was assessed using complement- or IgG-opsonized zymosan particles. The localization and expression of podosome components was analyzed by confocal microscopy and western blot. The main results demonstrated that: EO-induced activation of a macrophage is ascribable to its major component eucalyptol, as recently demonstrated for other cells of innate immunity; EO implements pathogen internalization and clearance by stimulating the complement receptor-mediated phagocytosis; EO stimulates podosome formation and increases the expression of podosome components. These results confirm that EO extract is a potent activator of innate cell-mediated immunity and thereby increase the scientific evidence supporting an additional property of this plant extract besides the known antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Host F-Box Protein 22 Enhances the Uptake of Brucella by Macrophages and Drives a Sustained Release of Proinflammatory Cytokines through Degradation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effector Proteins of Brucella. Infect Immun 2022; 90:e0006022. [PMID: 35420446 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00060-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brucella species are intracellular bacterial pathogens, causing the worldwide zoonotic disease brucellosis. Brucella invades professional and nonprofessional phagocytic cells, followed by resisting intracellular killing and establishing a replication permissive niche. Brucella also modulates the innate and adaptive immune responses of the host for its chronic persistence. The complex intracellular cycle of Brucella depends in a major way on multiple host factors, but limited information is available on host and bacterial proteins that play an essential role in the invasion, intracellular replication, and modulation of host immune responses. By employing a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screening, we identified a role for the host protein FBXO22 in the Brucella-macrophage interaction. FBXO22 is the key element in the SCF E3 ubiquitination complex, where it determines the substrate specificity for ubiquitination and degradation of various host proteins. Downregulation of FBXO22 by siRNA or the CRISPR-Cas9 system resulted in diminished uptake of Brucella into macrophages, which was dependent on NF-κB-mediated regulation of phagocytic receptors. FBXO22 expression was upregulated in Brucella-infected macrophages, which resulted in induction of phagocytic receptors and enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB. Furthermore, we found that FBXO22 recruits the effector proteins of Brucella, including the anti-inflammatory proteins TcpB and OMP25, for degradation through the SCF complex. We did not observe any role for another F-box-containing protein of the SCF complex, β-TrCP, in the Brucella-macrophage interaction. Our findings unravel novel functions of FBXO22 in host-pathogen interaction and its contribution to pathogenesis of infectious diseases.
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Chen Y, Cao B, Zheng W, Sun Y, Xu T. eIF3k inhibits NF-κB signaling by targeting MyD88 for ATG5-mediated autophagic degradation in teleost fish. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101730. [PMID: 35176284 PMCID: PMC8914388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal activation of NF-κB signaling is crucial for the initiation of inflammatory responses and eliminating invading bacteria. Bacteria have likewise evolved the ability to evade immunity; however, mechanisms by which bacteria dysregulate host NF-κB signaling are unclear. In this study, we identify eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3k, a nonessential member of the eIF3 translation initiation complex, as a suppressor of the NF-κB pathway. Mechanistically, we show that eIF3k expression induced by Vibrio harveyi enhances E3 ligase Nrdp1-mediated K27-linked ubiquitination of MyD88, an upstream regulator of NF-κB pathway activation. Furthermore, we show that eIF3k acts as a bridge linking ubiquitin-tagged MyD88 and ATG5, an important mediator of autophagy. We demonstrate that the MyD88-eIF3k-ATG5 complex is transported to the autophagosome for degradation, and that innate immune signaling is subsequently terminated and does not attack invading V. harveyi. Therefore, our study identifies eIF3k as a specific inhibitor of the MyD88-dependent NF-κB pathway and suggests that eIF3k may act as a selective autophagic receptor that synergizes with ATG5 to promote the autophagic degradation of MyD88, which helps V. harveyi to evade innate immunity. We conclude that V. harveyi can manipulate a host's autophagy process to evade immunity in fish and also provide a new perspective on mammalian resistance to bacterial invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Chen
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baolan Cao
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
Persisters are transiently nongrowing and antibiotic-tolerant phenotypic variants identified in major human pathogens, including intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. Due to their capacity to regrow once the environmental stress is relieved and to promote resistance, persisters possibly contribute to therapeutic failures. While persistence and its related quiescence have been mostly studied under starvation, little is known within host cell environments. Here, we examined how the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in different host cells affects dormancy depth of intracellular S. aureus. Using single-cell approaches, we found that host ROS induce variable dormant states in S. aureus persisters, displaying heterogeneous and increased lag times for resuscitation in liquid medium. Dormant persisters displayed decreased translation and energy metabolism, but remained infectious, exiting from dormancy and resuming growth when reinoculated in low-oxidative-stress cells. In high-oxidative-stress cells, ROS-induced ATP depletion was associated with the formation of visible dark foci similar to those induced by the protein aggregation inducer CCCP (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone) and with the recruitment of the DnaK-ClpB chaperone system involved in the clearance of protein aggregates. ATP depletion led to higher fractions of dormant persisters than ROS, due to a counterbalancing effect of ROS-induced translational repression, suggesting a pivotal role of translation in the dormant phenotype. Consistently, protein synthesis inhibition limited dormancy to levels similar to those observed in low-oxidative-stress cells. This study supports the hypothesis that intracellular S. aureus persisters can reach heterogeneous dormancy depths and highlights the link between ROS, ATP depletion, dark focus formation, and subsequent dormancy state. IMPORTANCE By their capacity to survive to antibiotic pressure and to regrow and give rise to a susceptible population once this pressure is relieved, intracellular persisters of S. aureus may contribute to explain therapeutic failures and recurrent infections. Here, we show that the level of dormancy and the subsequent capacity to resuscitate from this resting state are dependent on the level of oxidative stress in the host cells where bacteria survive. This observation nourishes the debate as whether the most appropriate strategy to cope with S. aureus intracellular infections would consist of trying to push persisters to a deep dormancy state from which wakening is improbable or, on the contrary, to prevent ROS-induced dormancy and force bacteria to maintain regular metabolism in order to restore their responsiveness to antibiotics. Importantly also, our data highlight the interest in single-cell analyses with conventional enumeration of CFU to quantify persisters and study host-pathogen interactions.
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Khan S, Mansoor S, Rafi Z, Kumari B, Shoaib A, Saeed M, Alshehri S, Ghoneim MM, Rahamathulla M, Hani U, Shakeel F. A review on nanotechnology: Properties, applications, and mechanistic insights of cellular uptake mechanisms. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wu Y, Luo X, Zhou Q, Gong H, Gao H, Liu T, Chen J, Liang L, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. The disbalance of LRP1 and SIRP α by psychological stress dampens the clearance of tumor cells by macrophages. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:197-209. [PMID: 35127380 PMCID: PMC8799994 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between chronic psychological stress and tumorigenesis has been well defined in epidemiological studies; however, the underlying mechanism remains underexplored. In this study, we discovered that impaired macrophage phagocytosis contributed to the psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility, and the stress hormone glucocorticoid (GC) was identified as a principal detrimental factor. Mechanistically, GC disturbed the balance of the “eat me” signal receptor (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1, LRP1) and the “don't eat me” signal receptor (signal regulatory protein alpha, SIRPα). Further analysis revealed that GC led to a direct, glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-dependent trans-repression of LRP1 expression, and the repressed LRP1, in turn, resulted in the elevated gene level of SIRPα by down-regulating miRNA-4695-3p. These data collectively demonstrate that stress induces the imbalance of the LRP1/SIRPα axis and entails the disturbance of tumor cell clearance by macrophages. Our findings provide the mechanistic insight into psychological stress-evoked tumor susceptibility and indicate that the balance of LRP1/SIRPα axis may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haibiao Gong
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huaying Gao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tongzheng Liu
- Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Wu L, Li L, Gao A, Ye J, Li J. Antimicrobial roles of phagocytosis in teleost fish: Phagocytic B cells vs professional phagocytes. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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48
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Ssekitoleko J, Ojok L, Abd El Wahed A, Erume J, Amanzada A, Eltayeb E, Eltom KH, Okuni JB. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Virulence: A Review. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2623. [PMID: 34946224 PMCID: PMC8707695 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To propose a solution for control of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) infections in animals as well as in humans, and develop effective prevention, diagnostic and treatment strategies, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms of MAP pathogenesis. In the present review, we discuss the mechanisms utilised by MAP to overcome the host defense system to achieve the virulence status. Putative MAP virulence genes are mentioned and their probable roles in view of other mycobacteria are discussed. This review provides information on MAP strain diversity, putative MAP virulence factors and highlights the knowledge gaps regarding MAP virulence mechanisms that may be important in control and prevention of paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judah Ssekitoleko
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala P. O. Box 7062, Uganda; (J.S.); (L.O.); (J.E.)
- Department of Livestock Health Research, Rwebitaba Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute, National Agricultural Research Organisation, Entebbe P. O. Box 295, Uganda
| | - Lonzy Ojok
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala P. O. Box 7062, Uganda; (J.S.); (L.O.); (J.E.)
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Gulu University, Gulu P. O. Box 166, Uganda
| | - Ahmed Abd El Wahed
- Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, Leipzig University, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Joseph Erume
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala P. O. Box 7062, Uganda; (J.S.); (L.O.); (J.E.)
| | - Ahmad Amanzada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Centre Goettingen, D-37075 Goettingen, Germany;
| | - ElSagad Eltayeb
- Ibn Sina Specialised Hospital, Mohammed Najeeb St., Khartoum 11560, Sudan;
- Faculty of Medicine, Al Neelain University, 52nd St., Khartoum 11112, Sudan
| | - Kamal H. Eltom
- Unit of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Khartoum North 13314, Sudan;
| | - Julius Boniface Okuni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala P. O. Box 7062, Uganda; (J.S.); (L.O.); (J.E.)
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49
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van Beek LF, Welzen PLW, Teufel LU, Joosten I, Diavatopoulos DA, van Hest J, de Jonge MI. Bimodal Targeting of Human Leukocytes by Fc- and CpG-Decorated Polymersomes to Tune Immune Induction. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:4422-4433. [PMID: 34554732 PMCID: PMC8512671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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The use of well-defined
nanovesicles composed of amphiphilic block copolymers (polymersomes) for delivery
of adjuvants and antigens is a promising strategy for vaccine development.
However, the potency of nanoparticle vaccines depends on efficient
interaction with and activation of cells involved in antigen presentation,
which can be achieved by targeting cellular receptors. Here, we showed
that the Fc fragment display on the polymersome surface resulted in
markedly improved interactions with granulocytes, monocytes, and NK
cells, while for “naked” polymersomes, virtually no
binding to leukocytes was observed. Moreover, CpG-decorated polymersomes
were found to also interact with T and/or B cells. Interestingly,
whole blood stimulations with Fc fragment and CpG-decorated polymersomes
induced interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and TNF-α production, while
naked polymersomes did not induce any cytokine production. In conclusion,
specific immune induction by polymersomes can be controlled using
bimodal targeting of different immune receptors, which is an essential
feature for targeted vaccine delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucille F van Beek
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal L W Welzen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa U Teufel
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Irma Joosten
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitri A Diavatopoulos
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan van Hest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marien I de Jonge
- Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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50
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Oxidative Stress Response in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091187. [PMID: 34578219 PMCID: PMC8466533 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative environmental and human opportunistic pathogen highly adapted to many different environmental conditions. It can cause a wide range of serious infections, including wounds, lungs, the urinary tract, and systemic infections. The high versatility and pathogenicity of this bacterium is attributed to its genomic complexity, the expression of several virulence factors, and its intrinsic resistance to various antimicrobials. However, to thrive and establish infection, P. aeruginosa must overcome several barriers. One of these barriers is the presence of oxidizing agents (e.g., hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hypochlorous acid) produced by the host immune system or that are commonly used as disinfectants in a variety of different environments including hospitals. These agents damage several cellular molecules and can cause cell death. Therefore, bacteria adapt to these harsh conditions by altering gene expression and eliciting several stress responses to survive under oxidative stress. Here, we used PubMed to evaluate the current knowledge on the oxidative stress responses adopted by P. aeruginosa. We will describe the genes that are often differently expressed under oxidative stress conditions, the pathways and proteins employed to sense and respond to oxidative stress, and how these changes in gene expression influence pathogenicity and the virulence of P. aeruginosa. Understanding these responses and changes in gene expression is critical to controlling bacterial pathogenicity and developing new therapeutic agents.
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