1
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Schmidt E, Donelson JM. Regional thermal variation in a coral reef fish. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 12:coae058. [PMID: 39139734 PMCID: PMC11320370 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
How species respond to climate change will depend on the collective response of populations. Intraspecific variation in traits, evolved through genetic adaptation and phenotypic plasticity, can cause thermal performance curves to vary over species' distributions. Intraspecific variation within marine species has received relatively little attention due to the belief that marine systems lack dispersal barriers strong enough to promote locally adapted traits. Here we show that intraspecific variation is present between low- and high-latitude populations of a coral reef damselfish (Acanthochromis polyacanthus). Co-gradient variation was observed when examining aerobic physiology across a thermal gradient that reflected mean summer temperatures of high- and low-latitude regions, as well as projected future ocean temperatures (i.e. 27, 28.5, 30, 31.5°C). Whilst thermally sensitive, no significant differences were observed between high- and low-latitude regions when measuring immunocompetence, haematocrit and anaerobic enzyme activity. The presence of co-gradient variation suggests that dispersal limitations in marine systems can promote local adaptive responses; however, intraspecific variation may not be ubiquitous amongst traits. Identifying locally adapted traits amongst populations remains necessary to accurately project species responses to climate change and identify differences in adaptive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott Schmidt
- College of Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Jennifer M Donelson
- College of Science and Engineering and ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, 4811, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
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2
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Makri V, Giantsis IA, Nathanailides C, Feidantsis K, Antonopoulou E, Theodorou JA, Michaelidis B. Seasonal energy investment and metabolic patterns in a farmed fish. J Therm Biol 2024; 123:103894. [PMID: 38879912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The present research focuses on the seasonal changes in the energy content and metabolic patterns of red porgy (Pagrus pagrus) sampled in a fish farm in North Evoikos Gulf (Greece). The study was designed in an effort to evaluate the influence of seasonality in several physiological feauteres of high commercial importance that may affect feed intake and growth. We determined glycogen, lipids and proteins levels, and cellular energy allocation (CEA) as a valuable marker of exposure to stress, which integrates available energy (Ea) and energy consumption (Ec). Metabolic patterns and aerobic oxidation potential were based on the determination of glucose transporter (GLU), carnitine transporter (CTP), L-lactate dehydrogenase (L-LDH), citrate synthase (CS), cytochrome C oxidase subunit IV isoform 1 (COX1) and 3-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (HOAD) relative gene expression. To integrate metabolic patterns and gene expression, L-LDH, CS, COX and HOAD activities were also determined. For further estimation of biological stores oxidized during seasonal acclimatization, we determined the blood levels of glucose, lipids and lactate. The results indicated seasonal changes in energy content, different patterns in gene expression and reorganization of metabolic patterns during cool acclimatization with increased lipid oxidation. During warm acclimatization, however, energy consumption was mostly based on carbohydrates oxidation. The decrease of Ec and COX1 activity in the warm exposed heart seem to be consistent with the OCLTT hypothesis, suggesting that the heart may be one of the first organs to be limited during seasonal warming. Overall, this study has profiled changes in energetics and metabolic patterns occurring at annual temperatures at which P. pagrus is currently farmed, suggesting that this species is living at the upper edge of their thermal window, at least during summer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Makri
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Ioannis A Giantsis
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - John A Theodorou
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Patras, GR-26504, Mesolonghi, Greece
| | - Basile Michaelidis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
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3
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de Groot VA, Trueman C, Bates AE. Incorporating otolith-isotope inferred field metabolic rate into conservation strategies. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 12:coae013. [PMID: 38666227 PMCID: PMC11044438 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Fluctuating ocean conditions are rearranging whole networks of marine communities-from individual-level physiological thresholds to ecosystem function. Physiological studies support predictions from individual-level responses (biochemical, cellular, tissue, respiratory potential) based on laboratory experiments. The otolith-isotope method of recovering field metabolic rate has recently filled a gap for the bony fishes, linking otolith stable isotope composition to in situ oxygen consumption and experienced temperature estimates. Here, we review the otolith-isotope method focusing on the biochemical and physiological processes that yield estimates of field metabolic rate. We identify a multidisciplinary pathway in the application of this method, providing concrete research goals (field, modeling) aimed at linking individual-level physiological data to higher levels of biological organization. We hope that this review will provide researchers with a transdisciplinary 'roadmap', guiding the use of the otolith-isotope method to bridge the gap between individual-level physiology, observational field studies, and modeling efforts, while ensuring that in situ data is central in marine policy-making aimed at mitigating climatic and anthropogenic threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valesca A de Groot
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BCV8 P5C2, Canada
| | - Clive Trueman
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton SO1 43ZH, UK
| | - Amanda E Bates
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, A1C 5S7, Canada
- University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Rd, Victoria, BCV8 P5C2, Canada
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4
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Ericson JA, Laroche O, Biessy L, Delorme NJ, Pochon X, Thomson-Laing J, Ragg NLC, Smith KF. Differential responses of selectively bred mussels ( Perna canaliculus) to heat stress-survival, immunology, gene expression and microbiome diversity. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1265879. [PMID: 38425477 PMCID: PMC10902150 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1265879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
New Zealand's green-lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) is an ecologically and economically important species. Marine heatwaves are increasing in frequency around NZ's coastline, and these events are correlated with increased stress and mortality of some aquaculture species. This study aimed to identify general biomarkers of heat stress in P. canaliculus and to assess whether responses differed between genetically distinct selectively bred mussels. We exposed three families of selectively bred mussels (families A, B and C) to three seawater temperature regimes in the laboratory: 1) a "control" treatment (ambient 12°C), 2) a 26°C heat challenge with a subsequent recovery period, and 3) a sustained 26°C heat challenge with no recovery. We investigated whether the survival, immune response (hemocyte concentration and viability, oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity), hemocyte gene expression and gill microbiome differed between the families during the temperature challenges. In the sustained heat-stress treatment, family A had the highest survival rate (42% compared with 25% and 5% for families C and B, respectively). Gene expression levels significantly shifted during thermal stress and differed between families, with family A more dissimilar than families B and C. Family C had substantially more genes impacted by temperature treatment and timepoint than the other families, while family B had very little genes/pathways that responded to thermal stress. Genes related to heat shock proteins and immune responses (e.g., AIF1, CTSC, TOLL8, CASP9, FNTA, AHCY, CRYAB, PPIF) were upregulated in all families during heat stress. Microbiome species-richness differed between families before and during heat-stress, with family A having a distinctly different microbiome flora than the other families. Microbial diversity changed similarly in all families exposed to prolonged heat-stress, with species of Vibrio and Campylobacter increasing in these mussels. Our study highlights the use of non-lethal sampling of hemocytes as a diagnostic tool to explore the immune response and gene expression of selectively bred mussels, to predict their response to ocean warming. This approach can identify potential thermotolerant candidates for further selective breeding, which may increase the resilience of the mussel aquaculture industry in a warming ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Pochon
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
- Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Kirsty F. Smith
- Cawthron Institute, Nelson, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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5
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Ledesma M, Gorokhova E, Nybom I, Sobek A, Ahlström D, Garbaras A, Karlson AM. Does pre-exposure to polluted sediment affect sub-cellular to population-level responses to contaminant exposure in a sentinel species? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122882. [PMID: 37951527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how key-species respond to anthropogenic stress such as chemical pollution is critical for predicting ecosystem changes. Little is however known about the intra-specific variability in the physiological and biochemical traits involved in contaminant exposure responses. Here, we explored this idea by exposing the Baltic amphipod Monoporeia affinis from two sites, one moderately polluted and one more pristine, to a sediment spiked with PAHs and PCBs. We evaluated the amphipods responses related to feeding, growth, a stress biomarker (acetylcholinesterase [AChE] inhibition) and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) composition including isotope niche analyses. More adverse responses were expected in animals from the low-pollution site than those from the high-pollution site due to tolerance development in the latter. Amphipods from both populations showed a ∼30% AChE inhibition when exposed to the contaminant spiked sediment. However, both controls and exposed amphipods from the high-pollution site had higher survival, nutrient uptake and condition status than the amphipods from the low-pollution site, which did not feed on the added diatoms as indicated by their isotope values. We found no signs of population-specific responses in physiological adjustments to contaminants with regard to classic ecotoxicological biomarkers such as AChE inhibition and growth status. Instead, isotope niche analyses proved useful in assessing contaminant stress responses at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matias Ledesma
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Elena Gorokhova
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inna Nybom
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anna Sobek
- Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 8, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Ahlström
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrius Garbaras
- Department of Nuclear Research, Centre for Physical Science and Technology, Savanorių Ave. 231, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Agnes Ml Karlson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Science, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden; Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius Väg 20, Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Aksakal E, Soydan E, Tunç A, Vural O, Kamaszewski M, Ekinci D. Chronic hypoxia and hyperoxia alter tissue-specific fatty acid profile and FD6D and elongase gene expression levels in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J Comp Physiol B 2023:10.1007/s00360-023-01501-9. [PMID: 37284836 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-023-01501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Commercially important trout species, especially rainbow trout, are under great threat due to several negative factors affecting oxygen levels in water such as global warming and eutrophication. In our study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was exposed to chronic (for 28 days) hypoxia (4.0 ± 0.5 mg/L) and hyperoxia (12 ± 1.2 mg/L) in order to evaluate the alteration of fatty acid profiles in muscle, liver and gill tissues. In addition, delta-6-desaturase and elongase gene expression profiles were measured in liver, kidney and gill tissues. The amount of saturated fatty acids increased by oxygen applications in the liver, while it decreased in the muscle and gill tissues compared to normoxia (p < 0.05). Monounsaturated fatty acids levels increased in muscle and gill (p < 0.05). Although n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) decreased in muscle tissue, n-6 PUFA increased (p < 0.05). The n-3/n-6 ratio decreased in muscle tissue in response to the both exposures (p < 0.05) as well as eicosapentaenoic acid/docosahexaenoic acid ratio (p < 0.05). Hypoxia exposure generally increased delta-6-desaturase and elongase mRNA levels in all tissues (p < 0.05). However, gene expression profiles were variable in fish exposed to hyperoxia. As a result of oxygen exposures, the lipid profile of muscle tissue, which stores dense fat, was negatively affected more than that of liver and gill tissues. We determined that the change in expression levels was tissue specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercüment Aksakal
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ercan Soydan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Tunç
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bingöl University, 12000, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Onur Vural
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
- Department of Plant and Animal Production, Kumluca Vocational School, Akdeniz University, 07350, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Maciej Kamaszewski
- Department of Ichthyology and Biotechnology in Aquaculture, Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Deniz Ekinci
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Agriculture Faculty, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
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7
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DeLeo DM, Morrison CL, Sei M, Salamone V, Demopoulos AWJ, Quattrini AM. Genetic diversity and connectivity of chemosynthetic cold seep mussels from the U.S. Atlantic margin. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:76. [PMID: 35715723 PMCID: PMC9204967 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-02027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Deep-sea mussels in the subfamily Bathymodiolinae have unique adaptations to colonize hydrothermal-vent and cold-seep environments throughout the world ocean. These invertebrates function as important ecosystem engineers, creating heterogeneous habitat and promoting biodiversity in the deep sea. Despite their ecological significance, efforts to assess the diversity and connectivity of this group are extremely limited. Here, we present the first genomic-scale diversity assessments of the recently discovered bathymodioline cold-seep communities along the U.S. Atlantic margin, dominated by Gigantidas childressi and Bathymodiolus heckerae.
Results
A Restriction-site Associated DNA Sequencing (RADSeq) approach was used on 177 bathymodiolines to examine genetic diversity and population structure within and between seep sites. Assessments of genetic differentiation using single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data revealed high gene flow among sites, with the shallower and more northern sites serving as source populations for deeper occurring G. childressi. No evidence was found for genetic diversification across depth in G. childressi, likely due to their high dispersal capabilities. Kinship analyses indicated a high degree of relatedness among individuals, and at least 10–20% of local recruits within a particular site. We also discovered candidate adaptive loci in G. childressi and B. heckerae that suggest differences in developmental processes and depth-related and metabolic adaptations to chemosynthetic environments.
Conclusions
These results highlight putative source communities for an important ecosystem engineer in the deep sea that may be considered in future conservation efforts. Our results also provide clues into species-specific adaptations that enable survival and potential speciation within chemosynthetic ecosystems.
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8
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King EE, Stillman JH. Mild temperatures differentiate while extreme temperatures unify gene expression profiles among populations of Dicosmoecus gilvipes in California. Front Physiol 2022; 13:990390. [PMID: 36277198 PMCID: PMC9581119 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.990390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurately predicting the effects of future warming on aquatic ectotherms requires an understanding how thermal history, including average temperature and variation, affects populations of the same species. However, many laboratory studies simplify the thermal environment to focus on specific organismal responses and sacrifice environmental realism. Here, we paired laboratory-based transcriptomic RNA-seq analysis to identify thermally responsive genes with NanoString analysis of a subset of those genes to characterize natural field-based variation in thermal physiology among populations. We tested gene expression responses of three populations of field-acclimatized larval caddisflies (Dicosmoecus gilvipes) from streams in different eco-regions (mountain, valley, and coast) following exposure to current and future summertime temperatures. We hypothesized that distinct thermal histories across eco-regions could differentiate populations at baseline “control” levels of gene expression, as well as gene expression changes in response to daily warming and heat shock. Population-specific patterns of gene expression were apparent under the control and daily warming conditions suggesting that local acclimatization or local adaptation may differentiate populations, while responses to extreme temperatures were similar across populations, indicating that response to thermal stress is canalized. Underlying gene co-expression patterns in the daily warming and heat shock treatments were different, demonstrating the distinct physiological mechanisms involved with thermal acclimatization and response to thermal stress. These results highlight the importance and limitations of studies of the thermal biology of wild-caught organisms in their natural environment, and provide an important resource for researchers of caddisflies and aquatic insects in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E. King
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Emily E. King,
| | - Jonathon H. Stillman
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
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9
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Candebat CL, Stephens F, Booth MA, Fernando F, Lopata A, Pirozzi I. Adequate levels of dietary sulphur amino acids impart improved liver and gut health in juvenile yellowtail kingfish ( Seriola lalandi). Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-24. [PMID: 35924344 PMCID: PMC10024990 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The sulphur amino acids methionine (Met) and cysteine (Cys) and their derivative taurine (Tau) are metabolically active molecules with interlinked roles in nutritional requirements. Deficiencies in these nutrients are linked to poor growth and health; however, the impacts of these deficiencies on organ structure and function are largely unknown. This study examined the effects of dietary Met, Cys and Tau fed at different levels on yellowtail kingfish (YTK) liver histology and surface colour, plasma biochemistry and posterior intestine histology. Samples were collected from two dose-response feeding trials that quantified (1) the Tau requirement and sparing effect of Met by feeding YTK diets containing one of seven levels of Tau at one of two levels of Met and (2) the Met requirement and sparing effect of Cys by feeding YTK diets containing one of five levels of Met at one of two levels of Cys. YTK fed inadequate levels of dietary Met, Cys and Tau exhibited thicker bile ducts, less red livers, more intestinal acidic goblet cell mucus and supranuclear vacuoles and less posterior intestinal absorptive surface area. Further, thicker bile ducts correlated with less red livers (a*, R), whereas increased hepatic fat correlated with a liver yellowing (b*). Our results indicate a shift towards histological properties and functions indicative of improved intrahepatic biliary condition, posterior intestinal nutrient absorption and homoeostasis of YTK fed adequate amounts of Met, Cys and Tau. These findings may assist in formulating aquafeed for optimised gastrointestinal and liver functions and maintaining good health in YTK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Lourdes Candebat
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Frances Stephens
- Consultant Fish Pathologist, Department of Fisheries, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Mark A. Booth
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW2316, Australia
| | - Fernando Fernando
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Lopata
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- Tropical Futures Institute, James Cook University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Igor Pirozzi
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture & College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute, Taylors Beach, NSW2316, Australia
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10
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Nancollas SJ, Todgham AE. The influence of stochastic temperature fluctuations in shaping the physiological performance of the California mussel, Mytilus californianus. J Exp Biol 2022; 225:276100. [PMID: 35749162 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is forecasted to increase temperature variability and stochasticity. Most of our understanding of thermal physiology of intertidal organisms has come from laboratory experiments that acclimate organisms to submerged conditions and steady-state increases in temperatures. For organisms experiencing the ebb and flow of tides with unpredictable low tide aerial temperatures, the reliability of reported tolerances and thus predicted responses to climate change requires incorporation of environmental complexity into empirical studies. Using the mussel Mytilus californianus, our study examined how stochasticity of the thermal regime influences physiological performance. Mussels were acclimated to either submerged conditions or a tidal cycle that included either predictable, unpredictable or no thermal stress during daytime low tide. Physiological performance was measured through anaerobic metabolism, energy stores and cellular stress mechanisms just before low tide, and cardiac responses during a thermal ramp. Both air exposure and stochasticity of temperature change were important in determining thermal performance. Glycogen content was highest in the mussels from the unpredictable treatment, but there was no difference in the expression of heat shock proteins between thermal treatments, suggesting that mussels prioritise energy reserves to deal with unpredictable low tide conditions. Mussels exposed to fluctuating thermal regimes had lower gill anaerobic metabolism, which could reflect increased metabolic capacity. Our results suggest that while thermal magnitude plays an important role in shaping physiological performance, other key elements of the intertidal environment complexity such as stochasticity, thermal variability, and thermal history are also important considerations for determining how species will respond to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Nancollas
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA USA
| | - Anne E Todgham
- Department of Animal Science, University of California Davis, Davis, CA USA
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Quintanilla-Ahumada D, Quijón PA, Manríquez PH, Pulgar J, García-Huidobro MR, Miranda C, Molina A, Zuloaga R, Duarte C. Artificial light at night (ALAN) causes variable dose-responses in a sandy beach isopod. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:35977-35985. [PMID: 35060027 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17344-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) is expanding worldwide, and the study of its influence remains limited mainly to documenting impacts, overlooking the variation in key characteristics of the artificial light such as its intensity. The potential dose-response of fitness-related traits to different light intensities has not been assessed in sandy beach organisms. Hence, this study explored dose-responses to ALAN by exposing the intertidal sandy beach isopod Tylos spinulosus to a range of light intensities at night: 0 (control), 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 lx. We quantified the response of this species at the molecular (RNA:DNA ratios), physiological (absorption efficiency) and organismal (growth rate) levels. Linear and non-linear regressions were used to explore the relationship between light intensity and the isopod response. The regressions showed that increasing light intensity caused an overall ~ threefold decline in RNA:DNA ratios and a ~ threefold increase in absorption efficiency, with strong dose-dependent effects. For both response variables, non-linear regressions also identified likely thresholds at 80 lx (RNA:DNA) and 40 lx (absorption efficiency). By contrast, isopod growth rates were unrelated (unaltered) by the increase in light intensity at night. We suggest that ALAN is detrimental for the condition of the isopods, likely by reducing the activity and feeding of these nocturnal organisms, and that the isopods compensate this by absorbing nutrients more efficiently in order to maintain growth levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro A Quijón
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada
| | - Patricio H Manríquez
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile
- Laboratorio de Ecología y Conducta de La Ontogenia Temprana (LECOT), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - José Pulgar
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel R García-Huidobro
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Miranda
- Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alfredo Molina
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Zuloaga
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular, Universidad Andres Bello, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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Han J, Park Y, Jeong H, Park JC. Effects of particulate matter (PM 2.5) on life history traits, oxidative stress, and defensome system in the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 178:113588. [PMID: 35358891 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM2.5) generated in large cities creates new problems in marine ecosystems and may adversely affect its inhabitants. However, the mechanisms underlying the same remain unclear; hence, we investigated the effects of PM2.5 on life history traits (e.g., mortality, development, and fecundity), cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, antioxidant enzyme (e.g., glutathione peroxidase [GPx], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and catalase [CAT]) activities, and the transcript levels of detoxification-related genes (cytochrome P450s [CYPs]) and antioxidant (glutathione S-transferases [GSTs]) in the copepod Tigriopus japonicus. Among the life history traits, developmental time was the only trait to significantly deviate (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5 (compared to that in the controls). Significant changes in ROS levels and antioxidant enzymatic activities (P < 0.05) in response to PM2.5, suggested that PM2.5 can induce oxidative stress, leading to adverse effects on the T. japonicus life history. In addition, PM2.5 induced a differential regulation of various CYP and GST genes, particularly CYP307E1, GST-kappa, and GST-sigma were significantly upregulated (P < 0.05), suggesting that these genes likely play crucial roles in detoxification mechanisms and could be useful as reliable biomarkers for PM2.5 toxicity. Overall, the results of this study provide new insights into the potential toxicity of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Marine Bio-Resources Research Unit, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeun Park
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeong Jeong
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Département des Sciences, Université Sainte-Anne, Church Point, NS B0W 1M0, Canada
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13
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Hrynevych N, Svitelskyi M, Solomatina V, Ishchuk О, Matkovska S, Sliusarenko A, Khomiak O, Trofymchuk A, Pukalo P, Zharchynska V. Acclimatization of fish to the higher calcium levels in the water environment. POTRAVINARSTVO 2022. [DOI: 10.5219/1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
It is established that calcium concentration changes (variations) in the water environment significantly influence its intake and distribution in tissues and organs of hydrobionts. The decrease in calcium concentration in water from 100 to 60 mg.L-1 significantly reduces its content in fish liver. In the gills glandular apparatus of fish acclimated to the environment with lower calcium level (in comparison with control one), its concentration on the first day of the acclimation period slightly exceeded the initial level, thus testifying to its possible excretion of endogenous calcium by gills. The increase of calcium excretion through the renal and digestive systems in fish acclimates to the higher water level, and specific changes in phosphates excretion dynamics accompany oral intake. Long keeping fish in water with 100 mg.L-1 calcium is accompanied by the increase of total phosphorus in urine (by 2 – 2.5 times), and its day excretion increases by 1.9 – 2.4 times. During fish acclimation to higher calcium levels in the water environment, the excretion of total phosphorus with faecal matter increases. The increase of calcium in the water environment to 100 mg.L-1 leads to a temporary increase in total phosphorus excretion with faecal issues. The rise in cation concentration to 200 mg.L-1 increases significantly during long-time fish stay in such an environment.
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14
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Environmental optima for an ecosystem engineer: a multidisciplinary trait-based approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22986. [PMID: 34837006 PMCID: PMC8626476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02351-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex interplay of biotic and abiotic factors underpins the distribution of species and operates across different levels of biological organization and life history stages. Understanding ecosystem engineer reproductive traits is critical for comprehending and managing the biodiversity-rich habitats they create. Little is known about how the reproduction of the reef-forming worm, Sabellaria alveolata, varies across environmental gradients. By integrating broad-scale environmental data with in-situ physiological data in the form of biochemical traits, we identified and ranked the drivers of intraspecific reproductive trait variability (ITV). ITV was highest in locations with variable environmental conditions, subjected to fluctuating temperature and hydrodynamic conditions. Our trait selection pointed to poleward sites being the most physiologically stressful, with low numbers of irregularly shaped eggs suggesting potentially reduced reproductive success. Centre-range individuals allocated the most energy to reproduction, with the highest number of intermediate-sized eggs, whilst equatorward sites were the least physiologically stressful, thus confirming the warm-adapted nature of our model organism. Variation in total egg diameter and relative fecundity were influenced by a combination of environmental conditions, which changed depending on the trait and sampling period. An integrated approach involving biochemical and reproductive traits is essential for understanding macro-scale patterns in the face of anthropogenic-induced climate change across environmental and latitudinal gradients.
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15
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Hala D, Faulkner P, He K, Kamalanathan M, Brink M, Simons K, Apaydin M, Hernout B, Petersen LH, Ivanov I, Qian X. An integrated in vivo and in silico analysis of the metabolism disrupting effects of CPI-613 on embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 248:109084. [PMID: 34051378 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
CPI-613 is a mitochondrial metabolism disrupter that inhibits tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity. The consequences of TCA cycle disruption on various metabolic pathways and overall organismal physiology are not fully known. The present study integrates in vivo experimental data with an in silico stoichiometric metabolism model of zebrafish to study the metabolic pathways perturbed under CPI-613 exposure. Embryo-larval life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to 1 μM CPI-613 for 20 days. Whole-organism respirometry measurements showed an initial suppression of O2 consumption at Day 5 of exposure, followed by recovery comparable to the solvent control (0.01% DMSO) by Day 20. Comparison of whole-transcriptome RNA-sequencing at Day 5 vs. 20 of exposure showed functional categories related to O2 binding and transport, antioxidant activity, FAD binding, and hemoglobin complexes, to be commonly represented. Metabolic enzyme gene expression changes and O2 consumption rate was used to parametrize two in silico stoichiometric metabolic models representative of Day 5 or 20 of exposure. Computational simulations predicted impaired ATP synthesis, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (KGDH) activity, and fatty acid β-oxidation at Day 5 vs. 20 of exposure. These results show that the targeted disruption of KGDH may also impact oxidative phosphorylation (ATP synthesis) and fatty acid metabolism (β-oxidation), in turn influencing cellular bioenergetics and the observed reduction in whole-organism O2 consumption rate. The results of this study provide an integrated in vivo and in silico framework to study the impacts of metabolic disruption on organismal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hala
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Patricia Faulkner
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kai He
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Manoj Kamalanathan
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Mikeelee Brink
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Kristina Simons
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Meltem Apaydin
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Beatrice Hernout
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA; Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Department of Biology, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Lene H Petersen
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Xiaoning Qian
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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16
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Elowe C, Tomanek L. Circadian and circatidal rhythms of protein abundance in the California mussel (Mytilus californianus). Mol Ecol 2021; 30:5151-5163. [PMID: 34390513 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Coastal habitats fluctuate with the 12.4 h tidal and 24 h light/dark cycle to predictably alter conditions such as air exposure, temperature, and food availability. Intertidal sessile bivalves exhibit behavioral and physiological adjustments to minimize the challenges of this environment. We investigated a high-resolution time course of the changes in protein abundance in the gill tissue of the intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus in a simulated tidal environment of 12:12 h light:dark cycles and a matching 6:6 h high:low tide cycle within each 12 h period. Approximately 38% of detected proteins showed significant rhythms in their abundances, with diversity in the phases of rhythmic isoforms. The circadian rhythm was dominant in protein abundance changes, particularly with oxidative metabolism. A tidal cycle elicited changes within functional groups, including in cytoskeletal proteins, chaperones, and oxidative stress proteins. In addition to protein abundance changes, we found the possibility for post-translational modifications driving rhythms, including methylation, mitochondrial peptide processing (proteolysis), and acylation. Dynamic changes in the proteome across functional categories demonstrate the importance of the tidal environment in entraining cellular processes, confirming that differential expression studies should not assume a static baseline of cellular conditions in intertidal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Elowe
- California Polytechnic State University, Department of Biological Sciences Environmental Proteomics Laboratory, Grand Avenue San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Lars Tomanek
- California Polytechnic State University, Department of Biological Sciences Environmental Proteomics Laboratory, Grand Avenue San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
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17
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Quintanilla-Ahumada D, Quijón PA, Pulgar J, Manríquez PH, García-Huidobro MR, Duarte C. Exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) alters RNA:DNA ratios in a sandy beach coleopteran insect. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 165:112132. [PMID: 33607454 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal habitats worldwide, including sandy beaches, are becoming increasingly exposed to Artificial Light at Night (ALAN). Despite the spread of this global stressor, research assessing ALAN potential impacts remain scarce, particularly at the molecular level. This study addressed this gap by assessing the influence of ALAN on the physiological condition of the sandy beach insect Phalerisida maculata Kulzer (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae). RNA:DNA ratios were used here as a proxy of the insect's nutritional condition in laboratory trials that lasted 20 d. Insects were exposed to two representative ALAN conditions (either 60 or 120 lx) and compared with those maintained in a natural daylight/night cycle (0 lx at nigth; control). After the trial, organisms from each treatment were frozen in liquid nitrogen and standard protocols were followed to estimate RNA, DNA and RNA:DNA ratios. Estimates of RNA:DNA ratios from insects maintained in control conditions were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those from insects exposed to ALAN. The reduced nutritional condition of insects exposed to light pollution is explained by the lower in situ biosynthetic capacity in these organisms resulting from a reduction in their feeding. ALAN likely altered P. maculata normal locomotor activity, which takes place primarily at night, forcing the insects to remain buried in the sand for extended periods of time. As ALAN continues to spread along coastlines worldwide, there is a likelihood of growing impacts on these and other species living on sandy beaches and other coastal habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Quintanilla-Ahumada
- Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - P A Quijón
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - J Pulgar
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - P H Manríquez
- Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Coquimbo, Chile; Laboratorio de Ecología y Conducta de la Ontogenia Temprana (LECOT), Coquimbo, Chile
| | - M Roberto García-Huidobro
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático (CiiCC), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Duarte
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile; Centro de Investigación Marina Quintay (CIMARQ), Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile.
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18
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Carvalhais A, Pereira B, Sabato M, Seixas R, Dolbeth M, Marques A, Guilherme S, Pereira P, Pacheco M, Mieiro C. Mild Effects of Sunscreen Agents on a Marine Flatfish: Oxidative Stress, Energetic Profiles, Neurotoxicity and Behaviour in Response to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Oxybenzone. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1567. [PMID: 33557180 PMCID: PMC7913899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UV filters are potentially harmful to marine organisms. Given their worldwide dissemination and the scarcity of studies on marine fish, we evaluated the toxicity of an organic (oxybenzone) and an inorganic (titanium dioxide nanoparticles) UV filter, individually and in a binary mixture, in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Fish were intraperitoneally injected and a multi-level assessment was carried out 3 and 7 days later. Oxybenzone and titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced mild effects on turbot, both isolated and in mixture. Neither oxidative stress (intestine, liver and kidney) nor neurotoxicity (brain) was found. However, liver metabolic function was altered after 7 days, suggesting the impairment of the aerobic metabolism. An increased motility rate in oxybenzone treatment was the only behavioural alteration (day 7). The intestine and liver were preferentially targeted, while kidney and brain were unaffected. Both infra- and supra-additive interactions were perceived, with a toxicodynamic nature, resulting either in favourable or unfavourable toxicological outcomes, which were markedly dependent on the organ, parameter and post-injection time. The combined exposure to the UV filters did not show a consistent increment in toxicity in comparison with the isolated exposures, which is an ecologically relevant finding providing key information towards the formulation of environmentally safe sunscreen products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carvalhais
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Bárbara Pereira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mariangela Sabato
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Rafaela Seixas
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Marina Dolbeth
- CIIMAR, University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal; or
| | - Ana Marques
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Sofia Guilherme
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Patrícia Pereira
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Mário Pacheco
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Cláudia Mieiro
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.C.); (B.P.); (R.S.); (A.M.); (S.G.); (P.P.); (M.P.)
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19
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Han J, Park JS, Park Y, Lee J, Shin HH, Lee KW. Effects of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin-producing dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum on the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111937. [PMID: 33341583 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To understand how the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus responds to the toxic marine dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, we assessed acute toxicity and investigated swimming behavior parameters (e.g., swimming speed, swimming path trajectory, and swimming distance) in response to G. catenatum exposure. In addition, the mRNA expression levels of detoxification-related genes (e.g., phase I cytochrome P450 [CYP] and phase II glutathione-S transferase [GST]) were measured in G. catenatum-exposed copepods. No significant change in survival was observed in response to G. catenatum, but swimming speed was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) at a high concentration of G. catenatum (600 cells/mL). Furthermore, the swimming distance was significantly decreased (P < 0.05) compared to that of the control at 600 cells/mL G. catenatum, while no significant change in swimming path trajectory was observed, suggesting that G. catenatum potentially has adverse effects on the swimming behavior of T. japonicus. In addition, the transcriptional regulation of T. japonicus CYPs and -GSTs were significantly upregulated and downregulated (P < 0.05), respectively, in response to G. catenatum. In particular, certain genes (e.g., CYPs [CYP307E1, CYP3041A1, and CYP3024A2] and GSTs [GST-kappa, GST-mu5, and GST-omega]) were significantly induced (P < 0.05) by G. catenatum, suggesting that these genes likely play a critical role in detoxification mechanisms and might be useful as potential molecular biomarkers in response to G. catenatum exposure. Overall, these results elucidate the potential impacts of the dinoflagellate G. catenatum on the swimming behavior and detoxification system of the marine copepod T. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sang Park
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun Park
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea; University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Shin
- Library of Marine Samples, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Falco F, Barra M, Wu G, Dioguardi M, Stincone P, Cuttitta A, Torri M, Bonanno A, Cammarata M. Engraulis encrasicolus larvae from two different environmental spawning areas of the Central Mediterranean Sea: first data on amino acid profiles and biochemical evaluations. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1823493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Falco
- Marine Biological and Biotechnological Resources Institute (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Italy
| | - M. Barra
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - G. Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, TX, USA
| | - M. Dioguardi
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - P. Stincone
- Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A. Cuttitta
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - M. Torri
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - A. Bonanno
- Institute for the Study of Anthropic Impacts and Sustainability in the Marine Environment (IAS), Units of Capo Granitola (TP) and Naples, Italy
| | - M. Cammarata
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Italy
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21
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He X, Wang WX. Allocation and stoichiometric regulation of phosphorus in a freshwater zooplankton under limited conditions: Implication for nutrient cycling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 728:138795. [PMID: 32570314 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because zooplankton is potentially limited by phosphorus (P) in freshwater, they may modify their body P distributions in different biochemical and anatomic components depending on the environmental P levels. In the present study, we quantified the distribution and regulation of P in a freshwater zooplankton Daphnia magna under P-limited conditions by using 33P as a radiotracer. We demonstrated that the P allocation patterns in D. magna were independent of the ontogenic development. Carapace accounted for 35-54% of total body P, followed by small molecules and nucleic acids (11-30%), whereas phospholipids represented only a minor P pool. The proportion of body P allocated into carapace decreased from 51.8% in +P adults to 16.5% in the -P adults, and a lower proportion of body P was also allocated to eggs in the -P adults than in the +P adults (3.8 vs. 16.5%). Meanwhile, no difference in allocation pattern was detected in the juveniles under +P and -P conditions, demonstrating an interaction between effects of P condition and ontogeny. Furthermore, the P turnover rates of nucleic acids and phospholipids in the -P juveniles were only half of those found in the +P individuals, suggesting a reduced metabolic rate under P-deficient conditions. However, the P turnover rate of small molecules, nucleic acids and phospholipids did not vary with the P condition in adults. It appeared that the adults could maintain their basic P metabolism by down-regulating the P allocation to carapace and eggs. Our results provide an insight into the tolerance of zooplankton to P-deficiency and bear implications on involvement of Daphnia in regulation of P cycling and availability in the epilimnion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejia He
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Bowen L, Counihan KL, Ballachey B, Coletti H, Hollmen T, Pister B, Wilson TL. Monitoring nearshore ecosystem health using Pacific razor clams (Siliqua patula) as an indicator species. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8761. [PMID: 32185117 PMCID: PMC7060925 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging approach to ecosystem monitoring involves the use of physiological biomarker analyses in combination with gene transcription assays. For the first time, we employed these tools to evaluate the Pacific razor clam (Siliqua patula), which is important both economically and ecologically, as a bioindicator species in the northeast Pacific. Our objectives were to (1) develop biomarker and gene transcription assays with which to monitor the health of the Pacific razor clam, (2) acquire baseline biomarker and gene transcription reference ranges for razor clams, (3) assess the relationship between physiological and gene transcription assays and (4) determine if site-level differences were present. Pacific razor clams were collected in July 2015 and 2016 at three sites within each of two national parks in southcentral Alaska. In addition to determining reference ranges, we found differences in biomarker assay and gene transcription results between parks and sites which indicate variation in both large-scale and local environmental conditions. Our intent is to employ these methods to evaluate Pacific razor clams as a bioindicator of nearshore ecosystem health. Links between the results of the biomarker and gene transcription assays were observed that support the applicability of both assays in ecosystem monitoring. However, we recognize the need for controlled studies to examine the range of responses in physiology and gene transcripts to different stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizabeth Bowen
- Western Ecological Research Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Brenda Ballachey
- Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Heather Coletti
- Inventory & Monitoring Program, Southwest Alaska Network, National Park Service, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Tuula Hollmen
- College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, Alaska SeaLife Center and University of Alaska Fairbanks, Seward, AK, USA
| | - Benjamin Pister
- Ocean Alaska Science and Learning Center, National Park Service, Seward, AK, USA
| | - Tammy L Wilson
- Department of Natural Resource Management, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, USA
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Alves F, Dromby M, Baptista V, Ferreira R, Correia AM, Weyn M, Valente R, Froufe E, Rosso M, Sousa-Pinto I, Dinis A, Dias E, Teodósio MA. Ecophysiological traits of highly mobile large marine predators inferred from nucleic acid derived indices. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4752. [PMID: 32179865 PMCID: PMC7075925 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61769-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-derived indices such as RNA/DNA ratios have been successfully applied as ecophysiological indicators to assess growth, nutritional condition and health status in marine organisms given that they provide a measure of tissue protein reserves, which is known to vary depending on changes in the environment. Yet, the use of these biochemical indices on highly mobile large predators is scarce. In this study, we tested the applicability of using nucleic acids to provide insights on the ecophysiological traits of two marine mammal species (common bottlenose dolphins and short-finned pilot whales) and explored potential related factors (species, sex, season, and residency pattern), using skin tissue (obtained from biopsy darts) of apparently healthy and adult free-ranging animals. Significantly higher RNA/DNA ratios were obtained for bottlenose dolphins (p < 0.001), and for visitor pilot whales when compared with resident pilot whales (p = 0.001). No significant changes were found between the sexes. Based on the percentile approach, the samples contain individuals in a general good condition (as the 10th percentile is not closer to the mean than the 75th percentile), suggesting that the studied region of Macaronesia may be considered an adequate habitat. The combination of this effective tool with genetic sexing and photographic-identification provided an overall picture of ecosystem health, and although with some limitations and still being a first approach, it has the applicability to be used in other top predators and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARDITI, Madeira, Portugal. .,OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.
| | - M Dromby
- OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - V Baptista
- CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - R Ferreira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARDITI, Madeira, Portugal.,OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - A M Correia
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto - FCUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Weyn
- OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal.,Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - R Valente
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto - FCUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - E Froufe
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - M Rosso
- CIMA Research Foundation, Savona, Italy
| | - I Sousa-Pinto
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto - FCUP, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Dinis
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARDITI, Madeira, Portugal.,OOM - Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
| | - E Dias
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - M A Teodósio
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.,CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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24
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Wooldridge SA. Excess seawater nutrients, enlarged algal symbiont densities and bleaching sensitive reef locations: 1. Identifying thresholds of concern for the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 152:107667. [PMID: 27230986 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Here, I contribute new insight into why excess seawater nutrients are an increasingly identified feature at reef locations that have low resistance to thermal stress. Specifically, I link this unfavourable synergism to the development of enlarged (suboptimal) zooxanthellae densities that paradoxically limit the capacity of the host coral to build tissue energy reserves needed to combat periods of stress. I explain how both theoretical predictions and field observations support the existence of species-specific 'optimal' zooxanthellae densities ~1.0-3.0×106 cellscm-2. For the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR), excess seawater nutrients that permit enlarged zooxanthellae densities beyond this optimum range are linked with seawater chlorophyll a>0.45μg·L-1; a eutrophication threshold previously shown to correlate with a significant loss in species for hard corals and phototrophic octocorals on the central GBR, and herein shown to correlate with enhanced bleaching sensitivity during the 1998 and 2002 mass bleaching events.
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25
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Pechkovskaya SA, Knyazev NA, Matantseva OV, Emelyanov AK, Telesh IV, Skarlato SO, Filatova NA. Dur3 and nrt2 genes in the bloom-forming dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum: Transcriptional responses to available nitrogen sources. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125083. [PMID: 31683425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The increasing inflow of nitrogen (N) substrates into marine nearshore ecosystems induces proliferation of harmful algal blooms (HABs) of dinoflagellates, such as potentially toxic invasive species Prorocentrum minimum. In this study, we estimated the influence of NO3-, NH4+ and urea on transcription levels and urea transporter dur3 and nitrate transporter nrt2 genes expression in these dinoflagellates. We identified dur3 and nrt2 genes sequences in unannotated transcriptomes of P. minimum and other dinoflagellates presented in MMETSP database. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these genes of dinoflagellates clustered to the distinct clade demonstrating evolutionary relationship with the other known dur3 and nrt2 genes of microalgae. The evaluation of expression levels of dur3 and nrt2 genes by RT-qPCR revealed their sensitivity to input of the studied N sources. Dur3 expression levels were downregulated after the supplementation of additional N sources and were 1.7-2.6-fold lower than in the nitrate-grown culture. Nrt2 expression levels decreased 1.9-fold in the presence of NH4+. We estimated total RNA and DNA synthesis rates by the analysis of incorporation of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine in batch and continuous cultures. Addition of N compounds did not affect the DNA synthesis rates. Transcription levels increased up to 12.5-fold after the N supplementation in urea-limited treatments. Investigation of various nitrogen sources as biomarkers of dinoflagellate proliferation due to their differentiated impact on expression of dur3 and nrt2 genes and transcription rates in P. minimum cells allowed concluding about high potential of the studied parameters for future modeling of HABs under global N pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Pechkovskaya
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N A Knyazev
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; St. Petersburg Academic University of Nanotechnology Research and Education Centre, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O V Matantseva
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A K Emelyanov
- Pavlov First State Medical University of St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I V Telesh
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia; Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - S O Skarlato
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N A Filatova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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26
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Paolucci EM, Thuesen EV. Effects of osmotic and thermal shock on the invasive aquatic mudsnail Potamopyrgus antipodarum: mortality and physiology under stressful conditions. NEOBIOTA 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.54.39465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Invasive freshwater species, such as the exotic mollusc Potamopyrgus antipodarum (New Zealand mudsnail), can frequently survive under harsh conditions, including brackish and hypoxic environments. We experimentally assessed the effects of osmotic (0, 10, 20, 25 and 30 psu) and thermal (20 °C) shock on mortality, activity and physiology of P. antipodarum collected at Capitol Lake, Olympia, Washington, USA, during winter and spring seasons when environmental temperature was 5 and 10 °C respectively. We measured standard metabolic rate and enzymatic activities (malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanopine dehydrogenase) in snails after a 10-day acclimation period at high salinity. Significantly higher mortalities were observed at higher salinities; the strongest effects occurred on snails collected at the end of winter, and exposed to 30 psu and 20 °C (100% mortality in 3 days). When snails were collected during the spring, 100% mortality was observed after 40 days at 30 psu and 20 °C. Standard metabolic rates were significantly lower when snails were exposed to salinities of 25 and 30 psu, even after 10 days of acclimation. Enzymatic activities showed small but significant declines after 10 days at 30 psu reflecting the declines observed in overall metabolism. The physiological tolerances to temperature and salinity displayed by this population of P. antipodarum make its eradication from Capital Lake difficult to achieve.
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27
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Delisle L, Pauletto M, Vidal-Dupiol J, Petton B, Bargelloni L, Montagnani C, Pernet F, Corporeau C, Fleury E. High temperature induces transcriptomic changes in Crassostrea gigas that hinders progress of Ostreid herpesvirus (OsHV-1) and promotes survival. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb.226233. [PMID: 34005719 PMCID: PMC7578350 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.226233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Among all the environmental factors, seawater temperature plays a decisive role in triggering marine diseases. Like fever in vertebrates, high seawater temperature could modulate the host response to the pathogens in ectothermic animals. In France, massive mortality of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas caused by the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) is markedly reduced when temperatures exceed 24°C in the field. In the present study we assess how high temperature influences the host response to the pathogen by comparing transcriptomes (RNA-sequencing) during the course of experimental infection at 21°C (reference) and 29°C. We show that high temperature induced host physiological processes that are unfavorable to the viral infection. Temperature influenced the expression of transcripts related to the immune process and increased the transcription of genes related to apoptotic process, synaptic signaling, and protein processes at 29°C. Concomitantly, the expression of genes associated to catabolism, metabolites transport, macromolecules synthesis and cell growth remained low since the first stage of infection at 29°C. Moreover, viral entry into the host might have been limited at 29°C by changes in extracellular matrix composition and protein abundance. Overall, these results provide new insights into how environmental factors modulate the host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizenn Delisle
- Ifremer, Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Private Bag 2, Nelson 7042, New Zealand
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Jeremie Vidal-Dupiol
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Petton
- Ifremer, Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Caroline Montagnani
- IHPE, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan, Via Domitia, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Fabrice Pernet
- Ifremer, Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
| | | | - Elodie Fleury
- Ifremer, Université de Brest, CNRS, IRD, LEMAR, F-29280 Plouzané, France
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28
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Wang JT, Wang YT, Keshavmurthy S, Meng PJ, Chen CA. The coral Platygyra verweyi exhibits local adaptation to long-term thermal stress through host-specific physiological and enzymatic response. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13492. [PMID: 31530828 PMCID: PMC6748984 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49594-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change threatens coral survival by causing coral bleaching, which occurs when the coral's symbiotic relationship with algal symbionts (Symbiodiniaceae) breaks down. Studies on thermal adaptation focus on symbionts because they are accessible both in vitro and in hospite. However, there is little known about the physiological and biochemical response of adult corals (without Symbiodiniaceae) to thermal stress. Here we show acclimatization and/or adaptation potential of menthol-bleached aposymbiotic coral Platygyra verweyi in terms of respiration breakdown temperature (RBT) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) enzyme activity in samples collected from two reef sites with contrasting temperature regimes: a site near a nuclear power plant outlet (NPP-OL, with long-term temperature perturbation) and Wanlitong (WLT) in southern Taiwan. Aposymbiotic P. verweyi from the NPP-OL site had a 3.1 °C higher threshold RBT than those from WLT. In addition, MDH activity in P. verweyi from NPP-OL showed higher thermal resistance than those from WLT by higher optimum temperatures and the activation energy required for inactivating the enzyme by heat. The MDH from NPP-OL also had two times higher residual activity than that from WLT after incubation at 50 °C for 1 h. The results of RBT and thermal properties of MDH in P. verweyi demonstrate potential physiological and enzymatic response to a long-term and regular thermal stress, independent of their Symbiodiniaceae partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Terng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, 907, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ting Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Tajen University, Pingtung, 907, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Jei Meng
- National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Pingtung, 944, Taiwan
- Institute of Marine Biodiversity and Evolution, National Dong Hwa University, Pingtung, 944, Taiwan
| | - Chaolun Allen Chen
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 108, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, 404, Taiwan.
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29
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CHANU THONGAMIBEMCHA, ROY SDAM, CHADHA NK, DUBE KIRAN, SHARMA ARUN, CHAUDHURI AJITKESHAV, SINGH SKHOGEN. Cynodon dactylon methanol extract potentiates stress mitigation in response to acidic stress in Labeo calbasu fingerlings. THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.56093/ijans.v89i7.92069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to study the antistress ability of dietary Cynodon dactylon methanol extract against acid stress in Labeo calbasu fingerlings. Fish fingerlings (average weight 5.57±0.04 g) were randomly distributed into 4 groups; each with 3 replicates were fed with either of 4 diets containing different levels of C. dactylon methanol extract (0, 0.05, 0.5 or 5%). The possible antistress ability of C. dactylon methanol extract was assessed in terms of serum cortisol, serum glucose, serum cholesterol, serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), serum aspartate amino transferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and Glutathione S transferase by exposing to acidic water with pH 5.5 for 24 h. The serum cortisol level was significantly higher in the acid stress group than that in without acid stress counterpart. However, gradual supplementation of C. dactylon methanol extract in diet significantly reduced the cortisol level before as well as after acid stress. Similar trend was also found in serum glucose, serum cholesterol, ALT and AST after acid stress. However, serum cholesterol showed no significant effect before acid stress. Acid stress increased the glycolytic, gluconeogenic, protein metabolic and antioxidative enzymes to cope up with acid stress. Our results indicated that methanol extract of C. dactylon at different level possesses good anti stress activity. Hence, supplementation of C. dactylon methanol extract in fish diet at a minimum level of ≥0.5% concomitantly reduced the stress in L. calbasu exposed to acid stress.
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30
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Kühnhold H, Novais SC, Alves LMF, Kamyab E, Lemos MFL, Slater MJ, Kunzmann A. Acclimation capability inferred by metabolic performance in two sea cucumber species from different latitudes. J Therm Biol 2019; 84:407-413. [PMID: 31466780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The notion that thermal specialists from tropical regions live closer to their temperature limits than temperate eurytherms, seems too generalized. Species specific differences in physiological and biochemical stress reactions are linked to key components of organism fitness, like metabolic capacity, which indicates that acclimation potential across latitudes might be highly diverse rather than simplistic. In this study the exposure of a tropical (Holothuria scabra) and a temperate (Holothuria forskali) sea cucumber species to identical cold- and warm-acclimation stress was compared using the key metabolic parameters, respiration rate, enzyme activity (ETS, LDH, IDH), and energy reserve fractions (lipid, carbohydrate and protein). Results show much broader respiratory adjustments, as response to temperature change, in H. scabra (2-30 μgO2*gww-1*h-1) compared to H. forskali (1.5-6.6 μgO2*gww-1*h-1). Moreover, the tropical species showed clearly pronounced up and down regulation of metabolic enzymes and shifts in energy reserves, due to thermal acclimation, while the same metabolic indicators remained consistent in the temperate species. In summary, these findings indicate enhanced metabolic plasticity in H. scabra at the cost of elevated energy expenditures, which seems to favor the tropical stenotherm in terms of thermal acclimation capacity. The comparison of such holistic metabolic analyses between conspecifics and congeners, may help to predict the heterogeneous effects of global temperature changes across latitudinal gradients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Kühnhold
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Luis M F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Elham Kamyab
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, 2520-641, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Matthew J Slater
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz-Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Am Handelshafen 12, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Andreas Kunzmann
- Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Fahrenheitstraße 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
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31
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Wallingford PD, Sorte CJB. Community regulation models as a framework for direct and indirect effects of climate change on species distributions. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Piper D. Wallingford
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine California USA
| | - Cascade J. B. Sorte
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine California USA
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32
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Magnoni LJ, Novais SC, Eding E, Leguen I, Lemos MFL, Ozório ROA, Geurden I, Prunet P, Schrama JW. Acute Stress and an Electrolyte- Imbalanced Diet, but Not Chronic Hypoxia, Increase Oxidative Stress and Hamper Innate Immune Status in a Rainbow Trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Isogenic Line. Front Physiol 2019; 10:453. [PMID: 31068834 PMCID: PMC6491711 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In aquaculture, fish may be exposed to sub-optimal rearing conditions, which generate a stress response if full adaptation is not displayed. However, our current knowledge of several coexisting factors that may give rise to a stress response is limited, in particular when both chronic and acute stressors are involved. This study investigated changes in metabolic parameters, oxidative stress and innate immune markers in a rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) isogenic line exposed to a combination of dietary (electrolyte-imbalanced diet, DEB 700 mEq Kg-1) and environmental (hypoxia, 4.5 mg O2 L-1) challenges and their respective controls (electrolyte-balanced diet, DEB 200 mEq Kg-1 and normoxia, 7.9 or mg O2 L-1) for 49 days. At the end of this period, fish were sampled or subjected to an acute stressor (2 min of handling/confinement) and then sampled. Feeding trout an electrolyte-imbalanced diet produced a reduction in blood pH, as well as increases in cortisol levels, hepato-somatic index (HSI) and total energy content in the liver. The ratio between the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) activities decreased in the liver of trout fed the DEB 700 diet, but increased in the heart, suggesting a different modulation of metabolic capacity by the dietary challenge. Several markers of oxidative stress in the liver of trout, mainly related to the glutathione antioxidant system, were altered when fed the electrolyte-imbalanced diet. The dietary challenge was also associated with a decrease in the alternative complement pathway activity (ACH50) in plasma, suggesting an impaired innate immune status in that group. Trout subjected to the acute stressor displayed reduced blood pH values, higher plasma cortisol levels as well as increased levels of metabolic markers associated with oxidative stress in the liver. An interaction between diet and acute stressor was detected for oxidative stress markers in the liver of trout, showing that the chronic electrolyte-imbalance impairs the response of rainbow trout to handling/confinement. However, trout reared under chronic hypoxia only displayed changes in parameters related to energy use in both liver and heart. Taken together, these results suggest that trout displays an adaptative response to chronic hypoxia. Conversely, the dietary challenge profoundly affected fish homeostasis, resulting in an impaired physiological response leading to stress, which then placed constraints on a subsequent acute challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo J. Magnoni
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Sara C. Novais
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Ep Eding
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Leguen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rennes, France
| | - Marco F. L. Lemos
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo O. A. Ozório
- CIIMAR – Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Inge Geurden
- Nutrition Metabolisme Aquaculture (NuMeA)- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France
| | - Patrick Prunet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rennes, France
| | - Johan W. Schrama
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands
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33
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Kühnhold H, Steinmann N, Huang YH, Indriana L, Meyer A, Kunzmann A. Temperature-induced aerobic scope and Hsp70 expression in the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214373. [PMID: 30901348 PMCID: PMC6430385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aerobic Scope (AS), which reflects the functional capacity for biological fitness, is a highly relevant proxy to determine thermal tolerance in various taxa. Despite the importance of this method, its implementation is often hindered, due to lacking techniques to accurately measure standard- (SMR) and maximal- (MMR) metabolic rates, especially in sluggish marine invertebrates with low oxygen consumption rates, such as sea cucumbers. In this study the AS concept was modified to define a Temperature-induced Aerobic Scope (TAS), based on metabolic rate changes due to temperature adjustments rather than traditionally used physical activity patterns. Consequentially, temperature dependent peak and bottom O2 consumption rates, defined as Temperature-induced Maximal- (TMMR) and Standard Metabolic Rates (TSMR), respectively, served as MMR and SMR alternatives for the sea cucumber Holothuria scabra. TMMR and TSMR were induced through acute temperature change (2°C per hour; 17–41°C) until critical warm (WTcrit) and cold (CTcrit) temperatures were reached, respectively. In addition, Hsp70 gene expression linked to respiration rates served as synergistic markers to confirm critical threshold temperatures. O2 consumption of H. scabra peaked distinctly at WTcrit of 38°C (TMMR = 33.2 ± 4.7 μgO2 g-1 h-1). A clear metabolic bottom line was reached at CTcrit of 22°C (TSMR = 2.2 ± 1.4 μgO2 g-1 h-1). Within the thermal window of 22–38°C H. scabra sustained positive aerobic capacity, with assumed optimal performance range between 29–31.5°C (13.85–18.7 μgO2 g-1 h-1). Between 39–41°C H. scabra decreased respiration progressively, while gene expression levels of Hsp70 increased significantly at 41°C, indicating prioritization of heat shock response (HSR) and homeostatic disruption. At the cold end (17–22°C) homeostatic disruption was visible through incrementally increasing energetic expenses to fuel basal maintenance costs, but no Hsp70 overexpression occurred. TMMR, TSMR and TAS proved to be reliable metrics, similar to the traditional energetic key parameters MMR, SMR and AS, to determine a specific aerobic performance window for the sluggish bottom dwelling species H. scabra. In addition, the linkage between respiration physiology and molecular defense mechanisms showed valuable analytical synergies in terms of mechanistic prioritization as response to thermal stress. Overall, this study will help to define lethal temperatures for aquaculture and to predict the effects of environmental stress, such as ocean warming, in H. scabra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Kühnhold
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Nuri Steinmann
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - Yi-Hsuan Huang
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - Lisa Indriana
- Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Lombok, Indonesia
| | - Achim Meyer
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kunzmann
- Department of Ecology, Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany
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Dahlhoff EP, Dahlhoff VC, Grainger CA, Zavala NA, Otepola‐Bello D, Sargent BA, Roberts KT, Heidl SJ, Smiley JT, Rank NE. Getting chased up the mountain: High elevation may limit performance and fitness characters in a montane insect. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth P. Dahlhoff
- Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara California
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
| | - Victoria C. Dahlhoff
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
- Department of Biology Sonoma State University Rohnert Park California
| | - Corrine A. Grainger
- Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara California
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
| | - Nicolas A. Zavala
- Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara California
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
| | | | - Brynn A. Sargent
- Department of Biology Santa Clara University Santa Clara California
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
| | - Kevin T. Roberts
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
- Department of Biology Sonoma State University Rohnert Park California
| | - Sarah J. Heidl
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
- Department of Biology Sonoma State University Rohnert Park California
| | - John T. Smiley
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
| | - Nathan E. Rank
- White Mountain Research Center University of California Bishop California
- Department of Biology Sonoma State University Rohnert Park California
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Cheng MCF, Sarà G, Williams GA. Combined effects of thermal conditions and food availability on thermal tolerance of the marine bivalve, Perna viridis. J Therm Biol 2018; 78:270-276. [PMID: 30509647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Organisms can mitigate the effects of long term variation in environmental conditions through acclimation, which involves changes in various physiological responses. To elucidate the possible effects of temperature and food concentrations on acclimation capacity, physiological responses of the mussel, Perna viridis, were measured after individuals were held for six weeks under varying temperatures and food availability. Warm-acclimated mussels experiencing higher food levels had significantly greater upper thermal limits than those maintained on lower food levels. In contrast, the upper thermal limits of cold-acclimated mussels were not affected by food levels. For warm-acclimated mussels, differences in upper thermal limits were likely due to rapid depletion of energy storage as predicted by Dynamic Energy Budget model simulations for P. viridis exposed to lower food levels. Clearance rates of cold-acclimated mussels were significantly lower than warm-acclimated mussels, regardless of food availability. The impacts of lower food acquisition on energy storage, however, could be compensated by lower metabolic rates of the cold-acclimated mussels. The availability and the ability to acquire food are not, therefore, the main drivers differentiating between the upper thermal tolerances of cold- and warm-acclimated mussels, but these differences are driven by the past thermal history the mussels experienced. The temperature tolerance range of P. viridis showed a positive shift to tolerate higher temperatures after acclimation. Such flexibility in thermal tolerance implies P. viridis has high capacity to acclimate to novel environments, which will enhance its future success given its commercial importance as an aquaculture species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C F Cheng
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gianluca Sarà
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gray A Williams
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Vereshchagina K, Kondrateva E, Axenov-Gribanov D, Shatilina Z, Khomich A, Bedulina D, Zadereev E, Timofeyev M. Nonspecific stress response to temperature increase in Gammarus lacustris Sars with respect to oxygen-limited thermal tolerance concept. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5571. [PMID: 30245929 PMCID: PMC6147124 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The previously undescribed dynamics of the heat shock protein HSP70 and subsequent lipid peroxidation products have been assessed alongside lactate dehydrogenase activity for Gammarus lacustris Sars, an amphipod species from the saltwater Lake Shira (Republic of Khakassia). Individuals were exposed to a gradual temperature increase of 1 °C/hour (total exposure duration of 26 hours) starting from the mean annual temperature of their habitat (7 °C) up to 33 °C. A complex of biochemical reactions occurred when saltwater G. lactustris was exposed to the gradual changes in temperature. This was characterized by a decrease in lactate dehydrogenase activity and the launching of lipid peroxidation. The HSP70 level did not change significantly during the entire experiment. In agreement with the concept of oxygen-limited thermal tolerance, an accumulation of the most toxic lipid peroxides (triene conjugates and Schiff bases) in phospholipids occurred at the same time and temperature as the accumulation of lactate. The main criterion overriding the temperature threshold was, therefore, the transition to anaerobiosis, confirmed by the elevated lactate levels as observed in our previous associated study, and by the development of cellular stress, which was expressed by an accumulation of lipid peroxidation products. An earlier hypothesis, based on freshwater individuals of the same species, has been confirmed whereby the increased thermotolerance of G. lacustris from the saltwater lake was caused by differences in energy metabolism and energy supply of nonspecific cellular stress-response mechanisms. With the development of global climate change, these reactions could be advantageous for saltwater G. lacustris. The studied biochemical reactions can be used as biomarkers for the stress status of aquatic organisms when their habitat temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya Vereshchagina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
- Baikal Research Centre, Irkutsk, Russia
| | | | - Denis Axenov-Gribanov
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
- Baikal Research Centre, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Zhanna Shatilina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
- Baikal Research Centre, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Khomich
- International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Daria Bedulina
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Egor Zadereev
- Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk Research Center SB RAS, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Timofeyev
- Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
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Lee YH, Park JC, Hwang UK, Lee JS, Han J. Adverse effects of the insecticides chlordecone and fipronil on population growth and expression of the entire cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 202:181-187. [PMID: 30055411 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Chlordecone and fipronil are used as an insecticide and have been widely detected in the aquatic environments. However, their toxicity is still poorly investigated in aquatic invertebrates. In this study, we examined effects of chlordecone and fipronil on population growth and transcriptional regulation of the entire cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and the marine rotifer B. plicatilis. In B. calyciflorus, a 24 h-no observed effect concentration (NOEC-24 h) and a 24 h-median lethal concentration (LC50-24 h) of chlordecone were determined as 100 μg/L and 193.8 μg/L, respectively, while NOEC-24 h and LC50-24 h of fipronil were determined as 1000 μg/L and 2033.0 μg/L, respectively. In B. plicatilis, NOEC-24 h and LC50-24 h of chlordecone were 100 μg/L and 291.0 μg/L, respectively, while NOEC-24 h and LC50-24 h of fipronil were determined as 1000 μg/L and 5735.0 μg/L, respectively. Moreover, retardation in the population growth were observed in response to chlordecone and fipronil in both rotifer species, suggesting that chlordecone and fipronil have a potential adverse effects on life cycle parameters of two rotifer species. Additionally, modulation in the expressions of the entire CYP genes were demonstrated in response to chlordecone and fipronil at 24 h period. These results provide the better understanding on how chlordecone and fipronil can affect in population growth of two rotifers and CYP gene expressions in chlordecone- and fipronil-exposed rotifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Un-Ki Hwang
- Marine Ecological Risk Assessment Center, West Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Incheon 46083, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Wojtczyk-Miaskowska A, Schlichtholz B. DNA damage and oxidative stress in long-lived aquatic organisms. DNA Repair (Amst) 2018; 69:14-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Counihan KL. The physiological effects of oil, dispersant and dispersed oil on the bay mussel, Mytilus trossulus, in Arctic/Subarctic conditions. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 199:220-231. [PMID: 29660694 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Increasing oil development around Alaska and other Arctic regions elevates the risk for another oil spill. Dispersants are used to mitigate the impact of an oil spill by accelerating natural degradation processes, but the reduced hydrophobicity of dispersed oil may increase its bioavailability to marine organisms. There is limited research on the effect of dispersed oil on cold water species and ecosystems. Therefore, spiked exposure tests were conducted with bay mussels (Mytilus trossulus) in seawater with non-dispersed oil, Corexit 9500 and oil dispersed with different concentrations of Corexit 9500. After three weeks of exposure, acute and chronic physiological impacts were determined. The majority of physiological responses occurred during the first seven days of exposure, with mussels exhibiting significant cytochrome P450 activity, superoxide dismutase activity and heat shock protein levels. Mussels exposed to non-dispersed oil also experienced immune suppression, reduced transcription and higher levels of mortality. After 21 days, mussels in all treatments exhibited evidence of genetic damage, tissue loss and a continued stress response. Bay mussels are useful as indicators of ecosystem health and recovery, and this study was an important step in understanding how non-dispersed oil, dispersant and dispersed oil affect the physiology of this sentinel species in Arctic/subarctic conditions.
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Piló D, Barbosa AB, Teodósio MA, Encarnação J, Leitão F, Range P, Krug LA, Cruz J, Chícharo L. Are submarine groundwater discharges affecting the structure and physiological status of rocky intertidal communities? MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 136:158-173. [PMID: 29506823 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the impacts of submarine groundwater discharges (SGD) on a rocky intertidal community of South Portugal, during April-November 2011. Chlorophyll-a concentration was higher at the SGD site in respect to the Reference site. Epibenthic community structure differed between sites, with an increase in Chthamalus spp. and a decrease in macroalgae coverage at the SGD site. The abundance and body size of Mytilus galloprovincialis were consistently higher at the SGD site. During mid-spring, under potentially higher SGD and less favorable conditions for coastal phytoplankton, the ecophysiological condition of M. galloprovincialis and G. umbilicalis was also higher at the SGD site. These beneficial effects on filter-feeders and herbivores probably resulted from local increases in prey availability, supported by SGD-driven nutrient inputs. Conversely, P. depressa was not favoured by SGD, probably due to a lower dependency on algae as food. The analysis of epibenthic community structure and ecophysiological condition represents a promising approach to disentangle the ecological impacts of SGD on intertidal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Piló
- Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), Avenida 5 de Outubro, 8700-305, Olhão, Portugal; Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - A B Barbosa
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - M A Teodósio
- Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - J Encarnação
- Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - F Leitão
- Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - P Range
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713 Doha, Qatar
| | - L A Krug
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - J Cruz
- Centre of Marine Science (CCMAR), University of Algarve, FCT, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - L Chícharo
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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Duarte IA, Vasconcelos RP, França S, Batista MI, Tanner S, Cabral HN, Fonseca VF. Short-term variability of fish condition and growth in estuarine and shallow coastal areas. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 134:130-137. [PMID: 29370935 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Short-term variability in condition factor: relative condition factor Kn; biochemical condition: RNA:DNA and protein content; and instantaneous growth rates were determined in estuarine and coastal fish. Dicentrarchus labrax, Solea senegalensis and Pomatoschistus microps were sampled in the Tejo estuary, while Trachurus trachurus was sampled in an adjacent shallow coastal area. Variation of condition indices was more frequent at the week scale (sampling periods with fortnight intervals) than at the daily scale (consecutive days in each sampling period) in all species. Water temperature was correlated with biochemical indices, while salinity showed no effect, evidencing the influence of environmental short-term variation (temperature) on biochemical condition in natural populations. Yet, decreasing individual variability in fish condition was observed along the sampled weeks, resulting in a more homogeneous condition of populations, particularly for T. trachurus likely due to a more stable coastal environment. Biochemical indices proved to be sensitive to short-term environmental variability, despite species-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Duarte
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rita P Vasconcelos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Susana França
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Marisa I Batista
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Susanne Tanner
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Henrique N Cabral
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Vanessa F Fonseca
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
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Song C, Cui Y, Liu B, Xie J, Ge X, Xu P, Ren M, Miao L, Zhou Q, Lin Y. HSP60 and HSP90β from blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala: Molecular cloning, characterization, and comparative response to intermittent thermal stress and Aeromonas hydrophila infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:119-132. [PMID: 29306763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play critical roles in the process of anti-stress and immunity and are implicated in autoimmune diseases. In order to understand the comparative stress responses of HSP60 and HSP90β under intermittent thermal stress and Aeromonas hydrophila infection, we cloned their full-length cDNAs from Megalobrama amblycephala liver, predicted their secondary and tertiary structure, and examined their tissue-specific expression patterns. The full length of HSP60 and HSP90β cDNAs indicated that they included all signature sequences of corresponding protein families. They showed high homology to their counterparts in other species, and were consistent with the known classification of fishes based on phylogenetic analysis. HSP60 showed the highest expression in head-kidney, brain, and gill, while HSP90β presented higher in hindgut, liver, and brain. Significant mRNA expression differences were determined between HSP60 and HSP90β in tissues of bladder, liver, heart, and gill. During thermal stress and recovery phase, the highest expression of them were observed at the first recovery for 2 d and 1 d, respectively. The expression between them were extremely significant difference during the first recovery and second stress period. After A. hydrophila infection, their expressions were extremely significantly upregulated. The significant upregulation and rapid response indicated that they were sensitive to thermal stress and bacterial challenge. This study demonstrated that HSP60 and HSP90β might participate in innate immune and environmental responses of M. amblycephala. It indicated that they could be used as biomarkers to test the stress caused by local aquaculture environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyou Song
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yanting Cui
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Jun Xie
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Xianping Ge
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Linghong Miao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Qunlan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
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Antonopoulou E, Chouri E, Feidantsis K, Lazou A, Chatzifotis S. Effects of partial dietary supplementation of fish meal with soymeal on the stress and apoptosis response in the digestive system of common dentex ( Dentex dentex). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 24:14. [PMID: 29299441 PMCID: PMC5740929 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-017-0071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Soybean is a common alternative protein source of plant origin in aquafeeds as it has a reasonably balanced amino acid profile and is widely available. This study aimed to investigate the influence of partial substitution of fish meal with soy meal on cytoprotective pathways and apoptosis in the digestive system of common dentex (Dentex dentex), using the activation of Hsp70, p38 MAPK, Bcl-2 and caspase-3. The experimental approach involved feeding of common dentex with three isoprotein and isoenergetic diets that contained fish meal as a protein source (FM), partial replacement of fish meal by soy meal 25% (SM25) and 40% (SM40) for 3 months. Results The SM40 diet induced Hsp70 activation only in the middle part of intestine. On the other hand, both SM25 and SM40 diets diminished the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in the anterior and the middle part of intestine, whereas only SM25 induced p38 MAPK phosphorylation in the stomach. Moreover, a decrease in the levels of caspase-3 activity was observed in the middle and posterior intestine, as well as in the stomach after feeding with SM25 diets. Furthermore, Bcl-2 levels were increased by SM40 in the anterior and by SM25 in the middle part of intestine. Conclusions SM25 and SM40 diets elicited a tissue and soy concentration specific cellular and cell protective response in the different parts of the digestive tract in common dentex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Chouri
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Feidantsis
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antigone Lazou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stavros Chatzifotis
- Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, 71003 Heraklion, Crete Greece
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Han J, Won EJ, Kang HM, Lee MC, Jeong CB, Kim HS, Hwang DS, Lee JS. Marine copepod cytochrome P450 genes and their applications for molecular ecotoxicological studies in response to oil pollution. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 124:953-961. [PMID: 27686823 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, accidental spills of heavy oil have caused adverse effects in marine organisms. Oil pollution can induce damages on development and reproduction, linking with detrimental effects on diverse molecular levels of genes and proteins in plankton and fish. However, most information was mainly focused on marine vertebrates and consequently, limited information was available in marine invertebrates. Furthermore, there is still a lack of knowledge bridging in vivo endpoints with the functional regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes in response to oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates. In this paper, adverse effects of oil spill pollution in marine invertebrates are summarized with the importance of CYP genes as a potential biomarker, applying for environmental monitoring to detect oil spill using marine copepods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Won
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Ansan 15627, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea; Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Hui-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Srikanth K, Lee E, Kwan A, Lim Y, Lee J, Jang G, Chung H. Transcriptome analysis and identification of significantly differentially expressed genes in Holstein calves subjected to severe thermal stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:1993-2008. [PMID: 28900747 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1392-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA-Seq analysis was used to characterize transcriptome response of Holstein calves to thermal stress. A total of eight animals aged between 2 and 3 months were randomly selected and subjected to thermal stress corresponding to a temperature humidity index of 95 in an environmentally controlled house for 12 h consecutively for 3 days. A set of 15,787 unigenes were found to be expressed and after a threshold of threefold change, and a Q value <0.05; 502, 394, and 376 genes were found to be differentially expressed on days 1, 2, and 3 out of which 343, 261 and 256 genes were upregulated and 159, 133, and 120 genes were downregulated. Only 356 genes out of these were expressed on all 3 days, and only they were considered as significantly differentially expressed. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that ten pathways were significantly enriched; the top two among them were protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and MAPK signaling pathways. These results suggest that thermal stress triggered a complex response in Holstein calves and the animals adjusted their physiological and metabolic processes to survive. Many of the genes identified in this study have not been previously reported to be involved in thermal stress response. The results of this study extend our understanding of the animal's response to thermal stress and some of the identified genes may prove useful in the efforts to breed Holstein cattle with superior thermotolerance, which might help in minimizing production loss due to thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Srikanth
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Lee
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Anam Kwan
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Youngjo Lim
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Junyep Lee
- Environmental Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Gulwon Jang
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea
| | - Hoyoung Chung
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Institute of Animal Science, 1500, K & P road, Iseo, Wanju, JB, 55365, South Korea.
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46
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Sayed AEDH, Soliman HAM. Developmental toxicity and DNA damaging properties of silver nanoparticles in the catfish (Clarias gariepinus). MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2017; 822:34-40. [PMID: 28844240 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used in many different products, little information is known about their toxicity in tropical fish embryos. Therefore, this study evaluated the developmental toxicity of waterborne silver nanoparticles in embryos of Clarias gariepinus. Embryos were treated with (0, 25, 50, 75ng/L silver nanoparticles) in water up to 144h postfertilization stage (PFS). Results revealed various morphological malformations including notochord curvature and edema. The mortality rate, malformations, and DNA fragmentation in embryos exposed to silver nanoparticles increased in a dose- and embryonic stage-dependent manner. The total antioxidant capacity and the activity of catalase in embryos exposed to 25ng/L silver nanoparticles were decreased significantly while the total antioxidant capacity and the activity of catalase were insignificantly increased with increasing concentrations in the embryos from 24 to 144 h-PFS exposed to 50 and 75ng/L silver nanoparticles. Lipid peroxidation values showed fluctuations with doses of silver nanoparticles. Histopathological lesions including severely distorted and wrinkled notochord were observed. The current data propose that the toxicity of silver nanoparticles in C. gariepinus embryos is caused by oxidative stress and genotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El-Din H Sayed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Hamdy A M Soliman
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, 8562 Sohag, Egypt
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47
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Eissa N, Wang HP, Yao H, Shen ZG, Shaheen AA, Abou-ElGheit EN. Expression of Hsp70, Igf1, and Three Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Response to Handling and Salt Treatment at Different Water Temperatures in Yellow Perch, Perca flavescens. Front Physiol 2017; 8:683. [PMID: 28955246 PMCID: PMC5601044 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a major factor that causes diseases and mortality in the aquaculture industry. The goal was to analyze the expression of stress-related biomarkers in response to different stressors in yellow perch, which is an important aquaculture candidate in North America and highly sensitive to handling in captivity. Three fish groups were established, each having four replicates, and subjected to water temperatures of 14, 20, and 26°C and acute handling stress was performed followed by a salt treatment for 144h at a salinity of 5 ppt. Serum and hepatic mRNA levels of heat shock protein (hsp70), insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), superoxide dismutase 1 (Sod1), and glutathione reductase (Gsr) were quantified at seven times interval over 144 h using ELISA and RT-qPCR. Handling stress caused a significant down-regulation in Hsp70, Gpx, Sod1, and Gsr at a water temperature of 20°C compared to 14 and 26°C. Igf1 was significantly upregulated at 20°C and down-regulated at 14 and 26°C. Salt treatment had a transient reverse effect on the targeted biomarkers in all groups at 72 h, then caused an upregulation after 144 h, compared to the control groups. The data showed a negative strong regulatory linear relationship between igf1 with hsp70 and anti-oxidative gene expressions. These findings could provide valuable new insights into the stress responses that affect fish health and could be used to monitor the stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Eissa
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Ohio State UniversityPiketon, OH, United States.,Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of ManitobaWinnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Han-Ping Wang
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Ohio State UniversityPiketon, OH, United States
| | - Hong Yao
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Ohio State UniversityPiketon, OH, United States
| | - Zhi-Gang Shen
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, Ohio State UniversityPiketon, OH, United States
| | - Adel A Shaheen
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha UniversityToukh, Egypt
| | - Elsayed N Abou-ElGheit
- Aquatic Diseases Laboratory, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography and FisheriesCairo, Egypt
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48
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Park JC, Han J, Lee MC, Kang HM, Jeong CB, Hwang DS, Wang M, Lee JS. Adverse effects of BDE-47 on life cycle parameters, antioxidant system, and activation of MAPK signaling pathway in the rotifer Brachionus koreanus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 186:105-112. [PMID: 28282617 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is widely dispersed endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic ecosystem. Due to its devastating effect on marine organisms and insufficient database on toxicology, we investigated the adverse effects of BDE-47 on life parameters and antioxidant defense system following the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the monogonont rotifer Brachionus koreanus. In B. koreanus, the reduction in life cycle, fecundity, and population growth were observed in response to BDE-47. 50μg/L BDE-47 significantly reduced (P<0.05) life expectancy and net reproductive rate. In response to 10-50μg/L BDE-47 exposure, the oxidative stress was elicited via the generation of ROS, while the antioxidant related enzymes (e.g. glutathione S-transferase [GST] and glutathione reductase [GR]) have demonstrated significant activity levels (P<0.05) to further alleviate the oxidative stress in a concentration dependent manner. Furthermore, transcript profiles of antioxidant function (GST-A, -O, and -S1-S8)-related genes have shown the significant increase over 24h in response to BDE-47 (0, 10, 25, and 50μg/L). As for MAPK signaling pathway analysis, up-regulation of their activities was observed at 25μg/L BDE-47 but their activities have reduced at adult NOEC concentration of 50μg/L. This study provides a better understanding of the effects of BDE-47 on life parameters, molecular defense system, and activation of MAPK signaling pathway against generated oxidants in the rotifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Chul Park
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Min-Chul Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Hwang
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Minghua Wang
- Center for Marine Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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Gaitán-Espitia JD, Bacigalupe LD, Opitz T, Lagos NA, Osores S, Lardies MA. Exploring physiological plasticity and local thermal adaptation in an intertidal crab along a latitudinal cline. J Therm Biol 2017; 68:14-20. [PMID: 28689716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal organisms have evolved physiological mechanisms that enable them to maintain performance and survive during periods of severe environmental stress with temperatures close to their tolerance limits. The level of these adaptive responses in thermal physiology can vary among populations of broadly distributed species depending on their particular environmental context and genetic backgrounds. Here we examined thermal performances and reaction norms for metabolic rate (MR) and heart rate (HR) of seven populations of the porcelanid crab Petrolisthes violaceus from markedly different thermal environments across the latitudinal gradient of ~3000km. Physiological responses of this intertidal crab under common-garden conditions suggest the absence of local thermal adaptation along the geographic gradient (i.e., lack of latitudinal compensation). Moreover, thermal physiological sensitivities and performances in response to increased temperatures evidenced the existence of some level of: i) metabolic rate control or depression during warm temperature exposures; and ii) homeostasis/canalization (i.e., absence or low levels of plasticity) in physiological traits that may reflect some sort of buffering mechanism in most of the populations. Nevertheless, our results indicate that elevated temperatures can reduce cardiac function but not metabolic rate in high latitude crabs. The lack of congruence between HR and MR supports the idea that energy metabolism in marine invertebrates cannot be inferred from HR and different conclusions regarding geographic differentiation in energy metabolism can be obtained from both physiological traits. Integrating thermal physiology and species range extent can contribute to a better understanding of the likely effects of climate change on natural populations of marine ectotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Diego Gaitán-Espitia
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart 7001, TAS, Australia; Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Leonardo D Bacigalupe
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Tania Opitz
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nelson A Lagos
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climático, Universidad Santo Tomás, Ejército 146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastián Osores
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco A Lardies
- Departamento de Ciencias, Facultad de Artes Liberales, Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Diagonal Las Torres 2640, Peñalolen, Santiago, Chile.
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Long-Term Acclimation to Different Thermal Regimes Affects Molecular Responses to Heat Stress in a Freshwater Clam Corbicula Fluminea. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39476. [PMID: 27995990 PMCID: PMC5171794 DOI: 10.1038/srep39476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Global climate change (GCC) can negatively affect freshwater ecosystems. However, the degree to which freshwater populations can acclimate to long-term warming and the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We used the cooling water discharge (CWD) area of a power plant as a model for long-term warming. Survival and molecular stress responses (expression of molecular chaperones, antioxidants, bioenergetic and protein synthesis biomarkers) to experimental warming (20–41 °C, +1.5 °C per day) were assessed in invasive clams Corbicula fluminea from two pristine populations and a CWD population. CWD clams had considerably higher (by ~8–12 °C) lethal temperature thresholds than clams from the pristine areas. High thermal tolerance of CWD clams was associated with overexpression of heat shock proteins HSP70, HSP90 and HSP60 and activation of protein synthesis at 38 °C. Heat shock response was prioritized over the oxidative stress response resulting in accumulation of oxidative lesions and ubiquitinated proteins during heat stress in CWD clams. Future studies should determine whether the increase in thermal tolerance in CWD clams are due to genetic adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity. Overall, our findings indicate that C. fluminea has potential to survive and increase its invasive range during warming such as expected during GCC.
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