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Toledano JM, Puche-Juarez M, Galvez-Navas JM, Moreno-Fernandez J, Diaz-Castro J, Ochoa JJ. Pregnancy Disorders: A Potential Role for Mitochondrial Altered Homeostasis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:979. [PMID: 39199225 PMCID: PMC11351112 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13080979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a complex and challenging process associated with physiological changes whose objective is to adapt the maternal organism to the increasing energetic requirements due to embryo and fetal development. A failed adaptation to these demands may lead to pregnancy complications that threaten the health of both mothers and their offspring. Since mitochondria are the main organelle responsible for energy generation in the form of ATP, the adequate state of these organelles seems crucial for proper pregnancy development and healthy pregnancy outcomes. The homeostasis of these organelles depends on several aspects, including their content, biogenesis, energy production, oxidative stress, dynamics, and signaling functions, such as apoptosis, which can be modified in relation to diseases during pregnancy. The etiology of pregnancy disorders like preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus is not yet well understood. Nevertheless, insufficient placental perfusion and oxygen transfer are characteristic of many of them, being associated with alterations in the previously cited different aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis. Therefore, and due to the capacity of these multifactorial organelles to respond to physiological and pathophysiological stimuli, it is of great importance to gather the currently available scientific information regarding the relationship between main pregnancy complications and mitochondrial alterations. According to this, the present review is intended to show clear insight into the possible implications of mitochondria in these disorders, thus providing relevant information for further investigation in relation to the investigation and management of pregnancy diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Toledano
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Puche-Juarez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Nutrition and Food Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Galvez-Navas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain;
- Cáncer Registry of Granada, Andalusian School of Public Health, Cuesta del Observatorio 4, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, 18011 Granada, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Moreno-Fernandez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Javier Diaz-Castro
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio J. Ochoa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (J.M.T.); (J.D.-C.); (J.J.O.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix Verdú”, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (IBS), 18016 Granada, Spain
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2
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Brown LD, Rozance PJ, Wang D, Eroglu EC, Wilkening RB, Solmonson A, Wesolowski SR. Increased hepatic glucose production with lower oxidative metabolism in the growth-restricted fetus. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e176497. [PMID: 38687612 PMCID: PMC11141920 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.176497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is accompanied by early activation of hepatic glucose production (HGP), a hallmark of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, we used fetal hepatic catheterization to directly measure HGP and substrate flux in a sheep FGR model. We hypothesized that FGR fetuses would have increased hepatic lactate and amino acid uptake to support increased HGP. Indeed, FGR fetuses compared with normal (CON) fetuses had increased HGP and activation of gluconeogenic genes. Unexpectedly, hepatic pyruvate output was increased, while hepatic lactate and gluconeogenic amino acid uptake rates were decreased in FGR liver. Hepatic oxygen consumption and total substrate uptake rates were lower. In FGR liver tissue, metabolite abundance, 13C-metabolite labeling, enzymatic activity, and gene expression supported decreased pyruvate oxidation and increased lactate production. Isolated hepatocytes from FGR fetuses had greater intrinsic capacity for lactate-fueled glucose production. FGR livers also had lower energy (ATP) and redox state (NADH/NAD+ ratio). Thus, reduced hepatic oxidative metabolism may make carbons available for increased HGP, but also produces nutrient and energetic stress in FGR liver. Intrinsic programming of these pathways regulating HGP in the FGR fetus may underlie increased HGP and T2D risk postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Brown
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paul J Rozance
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Evren C Eroglu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Randall B Wilkening
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ashley Solmonson
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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3
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Zhao Y, Zhou J, Dong Y, Xu D, Qi D. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Growth Superiority in a Novel Gymnocypris Hybrid, Gymnocypris przewalskii ♀ × Gymnocypris eckloni ♂. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:182. [PMID: 38397172 PMCID: PMC10888472 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Artificial hybrid breeding can optimize parental traits to cultivate excellent hybrids with enhanced economic value. In this study, we investigated the growth performance and transcriptomes of Gymnocypris przewalskii (♀) and Gymnocypris eckloni (♂) and their F1 hybrid fishes. Hatched individuals of G. przewalskii (GP) and G. eckloni (GE) of the same size and their F1 hybrids (GH) were separately cultured for eight months in three cement tanks (n = 3). The growth indexes were measured, which showed that the growth rate of the groups was GE > GH > GP, while the survival rate was GH > GE > GP. The RNA-Seq data analysis of the muscles from the three Gymnocypris fish strains revealed that gene transcription has a significant impact on F1 hybrid fish and its parents. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GH show less differences with GP, but more with GE. qRT-PCR was used to confirm the expression profiles of the chosen DEGs, and the results showed positive correlations with the RNA-seq data. KEGG enrichment results indicated that the DEGs were related to a variety of molecular functions, such as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, arachidonic acid formation, citrate cycle, and the MAPK, PI3K-Akt, or mTOR signal pathways. Subsequent analysis indicated that there may be a significant correlation between the differential expression of IGF2 and a difference in the growth of GE and GP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Junming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plateau Wetland Ecology and Environmental Protection, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.X.); (D.Q.)
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4
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Diniz MS, Magalhães CC, Tocantins C, Grilo LF, Teixeira J, Pereira SP. Nurturing through Nutrition: Exploring the Role of Antioxidants in Maternal Diet during Pregnancy to Mitigate Developmental Programming of Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:4623. [PMID: 37960276 PMCID: PMC10649237 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases represent one of the major causes of death worldwide. It has been suggested that pregnancy-related conditions, such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), maternal obesity (MO), and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) induce an adverse intrauterine environment, increasing the offspring's predisposition to chronic diseases later in life. Research has suggested that mitochondrial function and oxidative stress may play a role in the developmental programming of chronic diseases. Having this in mind, in this review, we include evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are mechanisms by which GDM, MO, and IUGR program the offspring to chronic diseases. In this specific context, we explore the promising advantages of maternal antioxidant supplementation using compounds such as resveratrol, curcumin, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and Mitoquinone (MitoQ) in addressing the metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress associated with GDM, MO, and IUGR in fetoplacental and offspring metabolic health. This approach holds potential to mitigate developmental programming-related risk of chronic diseases, serving as a probable intervention for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana S. Diniz
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carina C. Magalhães
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F. Grilo
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana P. Pereira
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.S.D.); (C.C.M.); (C.T.); (L.F.G.)
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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5
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White MR, Yates DT. Dousing the flame: reviewing the mechanisms of inflammatory programming during stress-induced intrauterine growth restriction and the potential for ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intervention. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1250134. [PMID: 37727657 PMCID: PMC10505810 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1250134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) arises when maternal stressors coincide with peak placental development, leading to placental insufficiency. When the expanding nutrient demands of the growing fetus subsequently exceed the capacity of the stunted placenta, fetal hypoxemia and hypoglycemia result. Poor fetal nutrient status stimulates greater release of inflammatory cytokines and catecholamines, which in turn lead to thrifty growth and metabolic programming that benefits fetal survival but is maladaptive after birth. Specifically, some IUGR fetal tissues develop enriched expression of inflammatory cytokine receptors and other signaling cascade components, which increases inflammatory sensitivity even when circulating inflammatory cytokines are no longer elevated after birth. Recent evidence indicates that greater inflammatory tone contributes to deficits in skeletal muscle growth and metabolism that are characteristic of IUGR offspring. These deficits underlie the metabolic dysfunction that markedly increases risk for metabolic diseases in IUGR-born individuals. The same programming mechanisms yield reduced metabolic efficiency, poor body composition, and inferior carcass quality in IUGR-born livestock. The ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are diet-derived nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory effects that have been used to improve conditions of chronic systemic inflammation, including intrauterine stress. In this review, we highlight the role of sustained systemic inflammation in the development of IUGR pathologies. We then discuss the potential for ω-3 PUFA supplementation to improve inflammation-mediated growth and metabolic deficits in IUGR offspring, along with potential barriers that must be considered when developing a supplementation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dustin T. Yates
- Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
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MicroRNA and mRNA sequencing analyses reveal key hepatic metabolic and signaling pathways responsive to maternal undernutrition in full-term fetal pigs. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 116:109312. [PMID: 36871838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal undernutrition is highly prevalent in developing countries, leading to severe fetus/infant mortality, intrauterine growth restriction, stunting, and severe wasting. However, the potential impairments of maternal undernutrition to metabolic pathways in offspring are not defined completely. In this study, two groups of pregnant domestic pigs received nutritionally balanced gestation diets with or without 50% feed intake restriction from 0 to 35 gestation days and 70% from 35 to 114 gestation days. Full-term fetuses were collected via C-section on day 113/114 of gestation. MicroRNA and mRNA deep sequencing were analyzed using the Illumina GAIIx system on fetal liver samples. The mRNA-miRNA correlation and associated signaling pathways were analyzed via CLC Genomics Workbench and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis Software. A total of 1189 and 34 differentially expressed mRNA and miRNAs were identified between full-nutrition (F) and restricted-nutrition (R) groups. The correlation analyses showed that metabolic and signaling pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, death receptor signaling, neuroinflammation signaling pathway, and estrogen receptor signaling pathways were significantly modified, and the gene modifications in these pathways were associated with the miRNA changes induced by the maternal undernutrition. For example, the upregulated (p < 0.05) oxidative phosphorylation pathway in R group was validated using RT-qPCR, and the correlational analysis indicated that miR-221, 103, 107, 184, and 4497 correlate with their target genes NDUFA1, NDUFA11, NDUFB10 and NDUFS7 in this pathway. These results provide the framework for further understanding maternal malnutrition's negative impacts on hepatic metabolic pathways via miRNA-mRNA interactions in full-term fetal pigs.
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7
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Smith KLM, Swiderska A, Lock MC, Graham L, Iswari W, Choudhary T, Thomas D, Kowash HM, Desforges M, Cottrell EC, Trafford AW, Giussani DA, Galli GLJ. Chronic developmental hypoxia alters mitochondrial oxidative capacity and reactive oxygen species production in the fetal rat heart in a sex-dependent manner. J Pineal Res 2022; 73:e12821. [PMID: 35941749 PMCID: PMC9540814 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient oxygen supply (hypoxia) during fetal development leads to cardiac remodeling and a predisposition to cardiovascular disease in later life. Previous work has shown hypoxia causes oxidative stress in the fetal heart and alters the activity and expression of mitochondrial proteins in a sex-dependent manner. However, the functional effects of these modifications on mitochondrial respiration remain unknown. Furthermore, while maternal antioxidant treatments are emerging as a promising new strategy to protect the hypoxic fetus, whether these treatments convey similar protection to cardiac mitochondria in the male or female fetus has not been investigated. Therefore, using an established rat model, we measured the sex-dependent effects of gestational hypoxia and maternal melatonin treatment on fetal cardiac mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and lipid peroxidation. Pregnant Wistar rats were subjected to normoxia or hypoxia (13% oxygen) during gestational days (GDs) 6-20 (term ~22 days) with or without melatonin treatment (5 µg/ml in maternal drinking water). On GD 20, mitochondrial aerobic respiration and H2 O2 production were measured in fetal heart tissue, together with lipid peroxidation and citrate synthase (CS) activity. Gestational hypoxia reduced maternal body weight gain (p < .01) and increased placental weight (p < .05) but had no effect on fetal weight or litter size. Cardiac mitochondria from male but not female fetuses of hypoxic pregnancy had reduced respiratory capacity at Complex II (CII) (p < .05), and an increase in H2 O2 production/O2 consumption (p < .05) without any changes in lipid peroxidation. CS activity was also unchanged in both sexes. Despite maternal melatonin treatment increasing maternal and fetal plasma melatonin concentration (p < .001), melatonin treatment had no effect on any of the mitochondrial parameters investigated. To conclude, we show that gestational hypoxia leads to ROS generation from the mitochondrial electron transport chain and affects fetal cardiac mitochondrial respiration in a sex-dependent manner. We also show that maternal melatonin treatment had no effect on these relationships, which has implications for the development of future therapies for hypoxic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri L. M. Smith
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Agnieszka Swiderska
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Mitchell C. Lock
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Lucia Graham
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Wulan Iswari
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Tashi Choudhary
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Donna Thomas
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Hager M. Kowash
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Michelle Desforges
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Elizabeth C. Cottrell
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Andrew W. Trafford
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
| | - Dino A. Giussani
- Department of Physiology Development and NeuroscienceUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Gina L. J. Galli
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUK
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8
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Hepatic Lipid Accumulation and Dysregulation Associate with Enhanced Reactive Oxygen Species and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine in Low-Birth-Weight Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060766. [PMID: 35327163 PMCID: PMC8944635 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Occurrence of low birth weight (LBW) is a major concern in livestock production, resulting in poor postnatal growth, lowered efficiency of feed utilization, and impaired metabolic health in adult life. In the southwest region of China, birth weight of indigenous strains of goats varies seasonally with lower weights in summer and winter, but the metabolic regulation of the LBW offspring is still unknown. In this study, by comparing LBW goats to normal birth weight group, we examined hepatic lipid content in association with regulatory mechanisms. Histological studies showed higher microvesicular morphology in the liver of LBW goats in accompany with a significantly higher level of hepatic free fatty acids, total triglycerides, and cholesterols. Lipid metabolism impairment, increased oxidative stress, and inflammation were observed by transcriptome analysis. Meanwhile, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation further demonstrated lipid peroxidation, antioxidant pathway, and pro-inflammatory response involved in the hepatic lipid dysregulation from LBW group. Therefore, dysregulations of hepatic lipid metabolism, including fatty acid biosynthesis and degradation, lipid transportation, and oxidative stress, played important roles to contribute the lipid accumulation in LBW goats. Moreover, due to impaired antioxidant capacity, the oxidative damage could interact with persisting pro-inflammatory responses, leading to a higher risk of liver injury and metabolic syndromes in their adult life.
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9
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Amelio GS, Provitera L, Raffaeli G, Tripodi M, Amodeo I, Gulden S, Cortesi V, Manzoni F, Cervellini G, Tomaselli A, Pravatà V, Garrido F, Villamor E, Mosca F, Cavallaro G. Endothelial dysfunction in preterm infants: The hidden legacy of uteroplacental pathologies. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1041919. [PMID: 36405831 PMCID: PMC9671930 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1041919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Millions of infants are born prematurely every year worldwide. Prematurity, particularly at lower gestational ages, is associated with high mortality and morbidity and is a significant global health burden. Pregnancy complications and preterm birth syndrome strongly impact neonatal clinical phenotypes and outcomes. The vascular endothelium is a pivotal regulator of fetal growth and development. In recent years, the key role of uteroplacental pathologies impairing endothelial homeostasis is emerging. Conditions leading to very and extremely preterm birth can be classified into two main pathophysiological patterns or endotypes: infection/inflammation and dysfunctional placentation. The first is frequently related to chorioamnionitis, whereas the second is commonly associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal growth restriction. The nature, timing, and extent of prenatal noxa may alter fetal and neonatal endothelial phenotype and functions. Changes in the luminal surface, oxidative stress, growth factors imbalance, and dysregulation of permeability and vascular tone are the leading causes of endothelial dysfunction in preterm infants. However, the available evidence regarding endothelial physiology and damage is limited in neonates compared to adults. Herein, we discuss the current knowledge on endothelial dysfunction in the infectious/inflammatory and dysfunctional placentation endotypes of prematurity, summarizing their molecular features, available biomarkers, and clinical impact. Furthermore, knowledge gaps, shadows, and future research perspectives are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Simeone Amelio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Livia Provitera
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Genny Raffaeli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Tripodi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Amodeo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Gulden
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Cortesi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Manzoni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaia Cervellini
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Tomaselli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pravatà
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Felipe Garrido
- Department of Pediatrics, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Villamor
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), School for Oncology and Reproduction (GROW), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Fabio Mosca
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Cavallaro
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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10
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Grilo LF, Tocantins C, Diniz MS, Gomes RM, Oliveira PJ, Matafome P, Pereira SP. Metabolic Disease Programming: From Mitochondria to Epigenetics, Glucocorticoid Signalling and Beyond. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13625. [PMID: 34060076 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Embryonic and foetal development are critical periods of development in which several environmental cues determine health and disease in adulthood. Maternal conditions and an unfavourable intrauterine environment impact foetal development and may programme the offspring for increased predisposition to metabolic diseases and other chronic pathologic conditions throughout adult life. Previously, non-communicable chronic diseases were only associated with genetics and lifestyle. Now the origins of non-communicable chronic diseases are associated with early-life adaptations that produce long-term dysfunction. Early-life environment sets the long-term health and disease risk and can span through multiple generations. Recent research in developmental programming aims at identifying the molecular mechanisms responsible for developmental programming outcomes that impact cellular physiology and trigger adulthood disease. The identification of new therapeutic targets can improve offspring's health management and prevent or overcome adverse consequences of foetal programming. This review summarizes recent biomedical discoveries in the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis and highlight possible developmental programming mechanisms, including prenatal structural defects, metabolic (mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, protein modification), epigenetic and glucocorticoid signalling-related mechanisms suggesting molecular clues for the causes and consequences of programming of increased susceptibility of offspring to metabolic disease after birth. Identifying mechanisms involved in DOHaD can contribute to early interventions in pregnancy or early childhood, to re-set the metabolic homeostasis and break the chain of subsequent events that could lead to the development of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís F Grilo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Tocantins
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Mello Gomes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paulo Matafome
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) and Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Complementary Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Coimbra Health School (ESTeSC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LametEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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11
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Vyushina AV, Pritvorova AV, Semenova OG, Ordyan NE. [The effect of prenatal stress on antioxidant glutathion-assosiated enzymes activity in subcellular fractions of rat's liver]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2021; 67:347-351. [PMID: 34414893 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20216704347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The activity of glutathione-associated antioxidant enzymes in subcellular fractions (cytosolic, mitochondrial, and cell nucleus fractions) was investigated in the liver of adult male Wistar rats born after prenatal stress was. Two groups of animals were studied in the experiment: (1) control group included - animals was born by intact mothers, and (2) prenatal stress group included animals whose mothers were subjected to immobilization stress in high-light conditions from the 15th to the 19th day of pregnancy. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.9) in prenatally stressed animals decreased in the fractions of nuclei and mitochondria compared to the control group, while the activity of glutathione reductase (EC 1.8.1.7.) increased in the same subcellular fractions. The activity of glutathione transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) in prenatally stressed rats reduced in the cytosol and mitochondrial fractions as compared to control group. Redistribution of the antioxidant enzyme activity in the cytosol, the fraction of nuclei and the mitochondrial fraction of liver tissue may contribute to the formation of the pathological phenotype of prenatally stressed offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Vyushina
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A V Pritvorova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O G Semenova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N E Ordyan
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
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12
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Goodarzi P, Habibi M, Roberts K, Sutton J, Shili CN, Lin D, Pezeshki A. Dietary Tryptophan Supplementation Alters Fat and Glucose Metabolism in a Low-Birthweight Piglet Model. Nutrients 2021; 13:2561. [PMID: 34444719 PMCID: PMC8399558 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Low birthweight (LBW) is associated with metabolic complications, such as glucose and lipid metabolism disturbances in early life. The objective of this study was to assess: (1) the effect of dietary tryptophan (Trp) on glucose and fat metabolism in an LBW piglet model, and (2) the role peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5HT3) receptors in regulating the feeding behavior in LBW piglets fed with Trp-supplemented diets. Seven-day-old piglets were assigned to 4 treatments: normal birthweight-0%Trp (NBW-T0), LBW-0%Trp (LBW-T0), LBW-0.4%Trp (LBW-T0.4), and LBW-0.8%Trp (LBW-T0.8) for 3 weeks. Compared to LBW-T0, the blood glucose was decreased in LBW-T0.8 at 60 min following the meal test, and the triglycerides were lower in LBW-T0.4 and LBW-T0.8. Relative to LBW-T0, LBW-T0.8 had a lower transcript and protein abundance of hepatic glucose transporter-2, a higher mRNA abundance of glucokinase, and a lower transcript of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. LBW-T0.4 tended to have a lower protein abundance of sodium-glucose co-transporter 1 in the jejunum. In comparison with LBW-T0, LBW-T0.4 and LBW-T0.8 had a lower transcript of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and LBW-T0.4 had a higher transcript of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Blocking 5-HT3 receptors with ondansetron reduced the feed intake in all groups, with a transient effect on LBW-T0, but more persistent effect on LBW-T0.8 and NBW-T0. In conclusion, Trp supplementation reduced the hepatic lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis, but increased the glycolysis in LBW piglets. Peripheral serotonin is likely involved in the regulation of feeding behavior, particularly in LBW piglets fed diets supplemented with a higher dose of Trp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parniyan Goodarzi
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Mohammad Habibi
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Kennedy Roberts
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Julia Sutton
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Cedrick Ndhumba Shili
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;
| | - Adel Pezeshki
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (P.G.); (M.H.); (K.R.); (J.S.); (C.N.S.)
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13
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Rock CR, White TA, Piscopo BR, Sutherland AE, Miller SL, Camm EJ, Allison BJ. Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Implications of Growth Restriction: Mechanisms and Potential Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147555. [PMID: 34299174 PMCID: PMC8303639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common complication of pregnancy, resulting in a fetus that fails to reach its genetically determined growth potential. Whilst the fetal cardiovascular response to acute hypoxia is well established, the fetal defence to chronic hypoxia is not well understood due to experiment constraints. Growth restriction results primarily from reduced oxygen and nutrient supply to the developing fetus, resulting in chronic hypoxia. The fetus adapts to chronic hypoxia by redistributing cardiac output via brain sparing in an attempt to preserve function in the developing brain. This review highlights the impact of brain sparing on the developing fetal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems, as well as emerging long-term effects in offspring that were growth restricted at birth. Here, we explore the pathogenesis associated with brain sparing within the cerebrovascular system. An increased understanding of the mechanistic pathways will be critical to preventing neuropathological outcomes, including motor dysfunction such as cerebral palsy, or behaviour dysfunctions including autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine R. Rock
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Tegan A. White
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Beth R. Piscopo
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Amy E. Sutherland
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
| | - Suzanne L. Miller
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Emily J. Camm
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
| | - Beth J. Allison
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton 3168, Australia; (C.R.R.); (T.A.W.); (B.R.P.); (A.E.S.); (S.L.M.); (E.J.C.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Australia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Sanchez-Aranguren L, Nadeem S. Bioenergetics adaptations and redox homeostasis in pregnancy and related disorders. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:4003-4018. [PMID: 34196872 PMCID: PMC8473347 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a challenging physiological process that involves maternal adaptations to the increasing energetics demands imposed by the growing conceptus. Failure to adapt to these requirements may result in serious health complications for the mother and the baby. The mitochondria are biosynthetic and energy-producing organelles supporting the augmented energetic demands of pregnancy. Evidence suggests that placental mitochondria display a dynamic phenotype through gestation. At early stages of pregnancy placental mitochondria are mainly responsible for the generation of metabolic intermediates and reactive oxygen species (ROS), while at later stages of gestation, the placental mitochondria exhibit high rates of oxygen consumption. This review describes the metabolic fingerprint of the placental mitochondria at different stages of pregnancy and summarises key signs of mitochondrial dysfunction in pathological pregnancy conditions, including preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). So far, the effects of placental-driven metabolic changes governing the metabolic adaptations occurring in different maternal tissues in both, healthy and pathological pregnancies, remain to be uncovered. Understanding the function and molecular aspects of the adaptations occurring in placental and maternal tissue's mitochondria will unveil potential targets for further therapeutic exploration that could address pregnancy-related disorders. Targeting mitochondrial metabolism is an emerging approach for regulating mitochondrial bioenergetics. This review will also describe the potential therapeutic use of compounds with a recognised effect on mitochondria, for the management of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Nadeem
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston Medical School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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15
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Sarli PM, Manousopoulou A, Efthymiou E, Zouridis A, Potiris A, Pervanidou P, Panoulis K, Vlahos N, Deligeoroglou E, Garbis SD, Eleftheriades M. Liver Proteome Profile of Growth Restricted and Appropriately Grown Newborn Wistar Rats Associated With Maternal Undernutrition. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:684220. [PMID: 34127923 PMCID: PMC8195994 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.684220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fetal growth restriction (FGR) has been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and epigenetic modifications that impact gene expression leading to permanent changes of fetal metabolic pathways and thereby influence development of disease in childhood and adult life. In this study, we investigated the result of maternal food restriction on liver protein expression in Wistar male newborn pups. Materials & Methods Ten (n = 10) timed pregnant Wistar rats on their 14th day of gestation were randomly assigned to either control (n = 4) or food restricted group (n = 6). The control group had ad libitum access to food. In the food restricted group, maternal diet was limited in a moderate fashion (50%) from day 15 of pregnancy until delivery. All rats delivered spontaneously on day 21 and newborn pups were immediately weighed. Pups born to normally nourished mothers were considered as controls, while pups born to food restricted mothers were subdivided into two groups, based on their birth weight: growth restricted (FGR) and appropriately grown (non-FGR). Rats were euthanized immediately after birth and liver tissues of 11 randomly selected male offspring (FGR n = 4, non-FGR n = 4, control n = 3) were collected and analyzed using quantitative proteomics. Results In total 6,665 proteins were profiled. Of these, 451 and 751 were differentially expressed in FGR and non-FGR vs. control, respectively, whereas 229 proteins were commonly expressed. Bioinformatics analysis of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in FGR vs. control revealed induction of the super-pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis and inhibition of thyroid hormone metabolism, fatty acid beta oxidation and apelin liver signaling pathway. Analysis of DEPs in non-FGR vs. control groups showed inhibition of thyroid hormone metabolism, fatty acid beta oxidation, and apelin liver signaling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrates the impact of prenatal food restriction on the proteomic liver profile of FGR and non-FGR offspring underlying the importance of both prenatal adversities and birth weight on liver-dependent postnatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyxeni-Maria Sarli
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antigoni Manousopoulou
- Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Elias Efthymiou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Zouridis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Potiris
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiota Pervanidou
- First Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Panoulis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vlahos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Deligeoroglou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spiros D. Garbis
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Makarios Eleftheriades
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Pendleton AL, Wesolowski SR, Regnault TRH, Lynch RM, Limesand SW. Dimming the Powerhouse: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Liver and Skeletal Muscle of Intrauterine Growth Restricted Fetuses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:612888. [PMID: 34079518 PMCID: PMC8165279 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.612888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) of the fetus, resulting from placental insufficiency (PI), is characterized by low fetal oxygen and nutrient concentrations that stunt growth rates of metabolic organs. Numerous animal models of IUGR recapitulate pathophysiological conditions found in human fetuses with IUGR. These models provide insight into metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle and liver. For example, cellular energy production and metabolic rate are decreased in the skeletal muscle and liver of IUGR fetuses. These metabolic adaptations demonstrate that fundamental processes in mitochondria, such as substrate utilization and oxidative phosphorylation, are tempered in response to low oxygen and nutrient availability. As a central metabolic organelle, mitochondria coordinate cellular metabolism by coupling oxygen consumption to substrate utilization in concert with tissue energy demand and accretion. In IUGR fetuses, reducing mitochondrial metabolic capacity in response to nutrient restriction is advantageous to ensure fetal survival. If permanent, however, these adaptations may predispose IUGR fetuses toward metabolic diseases throughout life. Furthermore, these mitochondrial defects may underscore developmental programming that results in the sequela of metabolic pathologies. In this review, we examine how reduced nutrient availability in IUGR fetuses impacts skeletal muscle and liver substrate catabolism, and discuss how enzymatic processes governing mitochondrial function, such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain, are regulated. Understanding how deficiencies in oxygen and substrate metabolism in response to placental restriction regulate skeletal muscle and liver metabolism is essential given the importance of these tissues in the development of later lifer metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L. Pendleton
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Stephanie R. Wesolowski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | | | - Ronald M. Lynch
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Sean W. Limesand
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
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17
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Cheng K, Jia P, Ji S, Song Z, Zhang H, Zhang L, Wang T. Improvement of the hepatic lipid status in intrauterine growth retarded pigs by resveratrol is related to the inhibition of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. Food Funct 2020; 12:278-290. [PMID: 33300526 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01459a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation are crucial contributors to liver damage and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adulthood in offspring affected by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to treat and/or prevent hepatic diseases under various pathological conditions. However, the therapeutic and/or preventive effects of RSV on hepatic abnormality in IUGR adults have not been investigated until now. The effects of IUGR and RSV on the hepatic metabolic status, mitochondrial function, redox homeostasis and inflammation in pigs in adulthood were investigated. A total of 36 pairs of IUGR and normal birth weight piglets were orally fed with 80 mg RSV per kg body weight per d or vehicle (0.5% carboxymethylcellulose) for 7-21 d after birth. And then the offspring were fed with a basal diet supplemented with 300 mg RSV per kg feed or a basal diet from weaning to slaughter at 150 d. The plasma and liver samples were collected for subsequent analysis. RSV exerted beneficial effects on hepatic injury and metabolic alterations in IUGR pigs, which may be due to improved mitochondrial function and fatty acid oxidation by intensified mitochondrial biogenesis, enhanced antioxidant levels such as glutathione reductase and total superoxide dismutase activities, increased interleukin 10 gene expression and repolarization of macrophages. RSV alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation in IUGR pigs by improving mitochondrial function, redox status and inflammation, implying that it is a potential candidate for further development as an effective clinical treatment for NAFLD associated with IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peilu Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuli Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhihua Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Gao H, Zhang L, Wang L, Liu X, Hou X, Zhao F, Yan H, Wang L. Liver transcriptome profiling and functional analysis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) piglets reveals a genetic correction and sexual-dimorphic gene expression during postnatal development. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:701. [PMID: 33032518 PMCID: PMC7545842 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains a major problem associated with swine production. Thus, understanding the physiological changes of postnatal IUGR piglets would aid in improving growth performance. Moreover, liver metabolism plays an important role in the growth and survival of neonatal piglets. RESULTS By profiling the transcriptome of liver samples on postnatal Days 1, 7, and 28, our study focused on characterizing the growth, function, and metabolism in the liver of IUGR neonatal piglets. Our study demonstrates that the livers of IUGR piglets were associated with a series of complications, including inflammatory stress and immune dysregulation; cytoskeleton and membrane structure disorganization; dysregulated transcription events; and abnormal glucocorticoid metabolism. In addition, the abnormal liver function index in the serum [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total protein (TP)], coupled with hepatic pathological and ultrastructural morphological changes are indicative of liver damage and dysfunction in IUGR piglets. Moreover, these results reveal the sex-biased developmental dynamics between male and female IUGR piglets, and that male IUGR piglets may be more sensitive to disrupted metabolic homeostasis. CONCLUSIONS These observations provide a detailed reference for understanding the mechanisms and characterizations of IUGR liver functions, and suggest that the potential strategies for improving the survival and growth performance of IUGR offspring should consider the balance between postnatal catch-up growth and adverse metabolic consequences. In particular, sex-specific intervention strategies should be considered for both female and male IUGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Longchao Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Ligang Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Hou
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Fuping Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hua Yan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Lixian Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China.
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19
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Kong L, Liu G, Deng M, Lian Z, Han Y, Sun B, Guo Y, Liu D, Li Y. Growth retardation-responsive analysis of mRNAs and long noncoding RNAs in the liver tissue of Leiqiong cattle. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14254. [PMID: 32868811 PMCID: PMC7459292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important type of non-coding RNA molecule, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have varied roles in many biological processes, and have been studied extensively over the past few years. However, little is known about lncRNA-mediated regulation during cattle growth and development. Therefore, in the present study, RNA sequencing was used to determine the expression level of mRNAs and lncRNAs in the liver of adult Leiqiong cattle under the condition of growth retardation and normal growth. We totally detected 1,124 and 24 differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs, respectively. The differentially expressed mRNAs were mainly associated with growth factor binding, protein K63-linked ubiquitination and cellular protein metabolic process; additionally, they were significantly enriched in the growth and development related pathways, including PPAR signaling pathway, vitamin B6 metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. Combined analysis showed that the co-located differentially expressed lncRNA Lnc_002583 might positively influence the expression of the corresponding genes IFI44 and IFI44L, exerting co-regulative effects on Leiqiong cattle growth and development. Thus, we made the hypothesis that Lnc_002583, IFI44 and IFI44L might function synergistically to regulate the growth of Leiqiong cattle. This study provides a catalog of Leiqiong cattle liver mRNAs and lncRNAs, and will contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying growth regulataion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxuan Kong
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Zhiquan Lian
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Yinru Han
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China.
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China.
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China.
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poutry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, GD, China.
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20
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Qi M, Wang J, Tan B, Liao S, Long C, Yin Y. Postnatal growth retardation is associated with intestinal mucosa mitochondrial dysfunction and aberrant energy status in piglets. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10100-10111. [PMID: 32667125 PMCID: PMC7520312 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with postnatal growth retardation (PGR) are prone to developing chronic disease. Abnormal development in small intestine is casually implicated in impaired growth performance. However, the exact mechanism is still unknown. In this present study, PGR piglets (aged 42 days) were employed as a good model to analyse changes in nutrient absorption and energy metabolism in the intestinal mucosa. The results showed lower serum concentrations of free amino acids, and lipid metabolites in PGR piglets, which were in accordance with the down‐regulated mRNA expressions involved in fatty acid and amino acid transporters in the jejunal and ileal mucosa. The decreased activities of digestive enzymes and the marked swelling in mitochondria were also observed in the PGR piglets. In addition, it was found that lower ATP production, higher AMP/ATP ratio, deteriorated mitochondrial complex III and ATP synthase, and decreased manganese superoxide dismutase activity in the intestinal mucosa of PGR piglets. Furthermore, altered gene expression involved in energy metabolism, accompanied by decreases in the protein abundance of SIRT1, PGC‐1α and PPARγ, as well as phosphorylations of AMPKα, mTOR, P70S6K and 4E‐BP1 were observed in intestinal mucosa of PGR piglets. In conclusion, decreased capability of nutrient absorption, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aberrant energy status in the jejunal and ileal mucosa may contribute to PGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Qi
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hunan International Joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Bie Tan
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Simeng Liao
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cimin Long
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan International Joint laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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21
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Bastian TW, Rao R, Tran PV, Georgieff MK. The Effects of Early-Life Iron Deficiency on Brain Energy Metabolism. Neurosci Insights 2020; 15:2633105520935104. [PMID: 32637938 PMCID: PMC7324901 DOI: 10.1177/2633105520935104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most prevalent nutritional deficiencies in the world. Iron deficiency in the late fetal and newborn period causes abnormal cognitive performance and emotional regulation, which can persist into adulthood despite iron repletion. Potential mechanisms contributing to these impairments include deficits in brain energy metabolism, neurotransmission, and myelination. Here, we comprehensively review the existing data that demonstrate diminished brain energetic capacity as a mechanistic driver of impaired neurobehavioral development due to early-life (fetal-neonatal) ID. We further discuss a novel hypothesis that permanent metabolic reprogramming, which occurs during the period of ID, leads to chronically impaired neuronal energetics and mitochondrial capacity in adulthood, thus limiting adult neuroplasticity and neurobehavioral function. We conclude that early-life ID impairs energy metabolism in a brain region- and age-dependent manner, with particularly strong evidence for hippocampal neurons. Additional studies, focusing on other brain regions and cell types, are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W Bastian
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Raghavendra Rao
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Phu V Tran
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael K Georgieff
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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22
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Garcia-Dominguez X, Marco-Jiménez F, Peñaranda DS, Vicente JS. Long-Term Phenotypic and Proteomic Changes Following Vitrified Embryo Transfer in the Rabbit Model. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E1043. [PMID: 32560425 PMCID: PMC7341293 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) are considered valuable contributors to our past, but a future without their use is inconceivable. However, in recent years, several studies have evidenced a potential impact of ART on long-term development in mammal species. To date, the long-term follow-up data are still limited. So far, studies have mainly focused on in vitro fertilization or in vitro culture, with information from gametes/embryos cryopreservation field being practically missing. Herein, we report an approach to determine whether a vitrified embryo transfer procedure would have long-term consequences on the offspring. Using the rabbit as a model, we compared animals derived from vitrified-transferred embryos versus those naturally conceived, studying the growth performance, plus the weight throughout life, and the internal organs/tissues phenotype. The healthy status was assessed over the hematological and biochemical parameters in peripheral blood. Additionally, a comparative proteomic analysis was conducted in the liver tissue to investigate molecular cues related to vitrified embryo transfer in an adult tissue. After vitrified embryo transfer, birth weight was increased, and the growth performance was diminished in a sex-specific manner. In addition, vitrified-transferred animals showed significantly lower body, liver and heart weights in adulthood. Molecular analyses revealed that vitrified embryo transfer triggers reprogramming of the liver proteome. Functional analysis of the differentially expressed proteins showed changes in relation to oxidative phosphorylation and dysregulations in the zinc and lipid metabolism, which has been reported as possible causes of a disturbed growth pattern. Therefore, we conclude that vitrified embryo transfer is not a neutral procedure, and it incurs long-term effects in the offspring both at phenotypic and molecular levels. These results described a striking example of the developmental plasticity exhibited by the mammalian embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Salvador Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (X.G.-D.); (F.M.-J.); (D.S.P.)
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23
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Gyllenhammer LE, Entringer S, Buss C, Wadhwa PD. Developmental programming of mitochondrial biology: a conceptual framework and review. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192713. [PMID: 32345161 PMCID: PMC7282904 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of developmental programming of health and disease has focused primarily on processes that are specific to cell types, organs and phenotypes of interest. However, the observation that exposure to suboptimal or adverse developmental conditions concomitantly influences a broad range of phenotypes suggests that these exposures may additionally exert effects through cellular mechanisms that are common, or shared, across these different cell and tissue types. It is in this context that we focus on cellular bioenergetics and propose that mitochondria, bioenergetic and signalling organelles, may represent a key cellular target underlying developmental programming. In this review, we discuss empirical findings in animals and humans that suggest that key structural and functional features of mitochondrial biology exhibit developmental plasticity, and are influenced by the same physiological pathways that are implicated in susceptibility for complex, common age-related disorders, and that these targets of mitochondrial developmental programming exhibit long-term temporal stability. We conclude by articulating current knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to bridge these gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Gyllenhammer
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Buss
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Medical Psychology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pathik D Wadhwa
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behaviour, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of California, School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
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24
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Xu P, Guo H, Wang H, Lee SC, Liu M, Pan Y, Zheng J, Zheng K, Wang H, Xie Y, Bai X, Liu Y, Zhao M, Wang L. Downregulations of placental fatty acid transporters during cadmium-induced fetal growth restriction. Toxicology 2019; 423:112-122. [PMID: 31152847 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the environmental pollutants, which has multiple toxic effects on fetuses and placentas. Placental fatty acid (FA) uptake and transport are critical for the fetal and placental development. We aimed to analyze the triglyceride (TG) level, the expression patterns of several key genes involved in FA uptake and transport, and the molecular mechanisms for the altered gene expressions in placentas in response to Cd treatment. Our results showed that the placental TG level was significantly decreased in the Cd-exposed placentas. Fatty acid transporting protein 1 (FATP1), FATP6 and fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) were significantly down-regulated in the placentas from Cd-exposed mice. The expression level of phospho-p38 MAPK was increased by Cd treatment, while the protein level of total p38 MAPK remained unchanged. The expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were significantly decreased in the Cd-exposed placentas. The methylation levels of the promoter regions of FATP1, FATP6 and FABP3 showed no significant differences between the treatment and control groups. In addition, the circulating non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), total cholesterol (TC), and TG levels were not decreased in the maternal serum from the Cd-exposed mice. Therefore, our results suggest Cd exposure dose not reduce the maternal FA supply, but reduces the placental TG level. Cd treatment also downregulates the placental expressions of FATP1, FATP6 and FABP3, respectively associated with p38-MAPK, p38 MAPK/PPAR-γ and HIF-1α pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Bio-X Institutes, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Huiqin Guo
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yongliang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China.
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Function Examination, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China.
| | - Kang Zheng
- Special Ward, Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China.
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yuxin Xie
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Bai
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201300, China.
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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25
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Spermidine Prevents Heart Injury in Neonatal Rats Exposed to Intrauterine Hypoxia by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Fragmentation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5406468. [PMID: 31217839 PMCID: PMC6537013 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5406468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxia (IUH) is a common intrauterine dysplasia that can cause programming of the offspring cardiovascular system. In this study, we hypothesized that placental treatment with spermidine (SPD) can prevent heart injury in neonatal offspring exposed to IUH. Pregnant rats were exposed to 21% O2 or 10% O2 (hypoxia) for 7 days prior to term or were exposed to hypoxia and intraperitoneally administered SPD or SPD+difluromethylornithine (DFMO) on gestational days 15-21. Seven-day-old offspring were then sacrificed to assess several parameters. Our results demonstrated that IUH led to decreased myocardial ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and increased spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) expression in the offspring. IUH also resulted in decreased offspring body weight, heart weight, cardiomyocyte proliferation, and antioxidant capacity and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis and fibrosis. Furthermore, IUH caused mitochondrial structure abnormality, dysfunction, and decreased biogenesis and led to a fission/fusion imbalance in offspring hearts. In vitro, hypoxia induced mitochondrial ROS accumulation, decreased membrane potential, and increased fragmentation. Notably, all hypoxia-induced changes analyzed in this study were prevented by SPD. Thus, in utero SPD treatment is a potential strategy for preventing IUH-induced neonatal cardiac injury.
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26
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Jones AK, Brown LD, Rozance PJ, Serkova NJ, Hay WW, Friedman JE, Wesolowski SR. Differential effects of intrauterine growth restriction and a hypersinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp on metabolic pathways and insulin action in the fetal liver. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019; 316:R427-R440. [PMID: 30758974 PMCID: PMC6589601 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00359.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) fetal sheep have increased hepatic glucose production (HGP) that is resistant to suppression during a hyperinsulinemic-isoglycemic clamp (insulin clamp). We hypothesized that the IUGR fetal liver would have activation of metabolic and signaling pathways that support HGP and inhibition of insulin-signaling pathways. To test this, we used transcriptomic profiling with liver samples from control (CON) and IUGR fetuses receiving saline or an insulin clamp. The IUGR liver had upregulation of genes associated with gluconeogenesis/glycolysis, transcription factor regulation, and cytokine responses and downregulation of genes associated with cholesterol synthesis, amino acid degradation, and detoxification pathways. During the insulin clamp, genes associated with cholesterol synthesis and innate immune response were upregulated in CON and IUGR. There were 20-fold more genes differentially expressed during the insulin clamp in IUGR versus CON. These genes were associated with proteasome activation and decreased amino acid and lipid catabolism. We found increased TRB3, JUN, MYC, and SGK1 expression and decreased PTPRD expression as molecular targets for increased HGP in IUGR. As candidate genes for resistance to insulin's suppression of HGP, expression of JUN, MYC, and SGK1 increased more during the insulin clamp in CON compared with IUGR. Metabolites were measured with 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance and support increased amino acid concentrations, decreased mitochondria activity and energy state, and increased cell stress in the IUGR liver. These results demonstrate a robust response, beyond suppression of HGP, during the insulin clamp and coordinate responses in glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism in the IUGR fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Jones
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura D Brown
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul J Rozance
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Natalie J Serkova
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - William W Hay
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jacob E Friedman
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora, Colorado
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27
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Rossidis AC, Angelin A, Lawrence KM, Baumgarten HD, Kim AG, Mejaddam AY, Coons BE, Hartman HA, Hwang G, Monos S, Peranteau WH, Davey MG, Murdock D, Wallace DC, Flake AW. Premature Lambs Exhibit Normal Mitochondrial Respiration after Long-Term Extrauterine Support. Fetal Diagn Ther 2019; 46:306-312. [PMID: 30861524 DOI: 10.1159/000496232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In an effort to mitigate the major morbidities and mortality associated with extreme prematurity, we have developed an EXTrauterine Environment for Neonatal Development (EXTEND) designed to provide physiologic support of extremely premature infants. OBJECTIVES We have previously shown that long-term, physiologic support of premature fetal lambs is possible with EXTEND, but in this study, we sought to demonstrate bioenergetic equipoise at the tissue level. METHODS Four premature fetal lambs were delivered by hysterotomy at gestational ages (GA) of 105-107 days (term ∼145 days), cannulated via the umbilical vessels, and transitioned to support on EXTEND for 3-4 weeks. Five control fetuses were age-matched to the GA of experimental fetuses at the time of study end (128-134 days GA) and immediately sacrificed after hysterotomy. Mitochondria were isolated from the heart, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle of fetuses at the time of sacrifice, and oxygen consumption rates (OCRs) were measured. RESULTS There were no differences in basal mitochondrial OCR between EXTEND and control fetuses for heart, kidney, or skeletal muscle. For liver, the basal OCR was higher in EXTEND fetuses compared to controls. There were no differences in physiologic maximal OCR or reserve capacity for any tissue analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Fetal lambs supported by EXTEND demonstrate physiologic mitochondrial function as evidenced by adequate basal and physiologic maximal cellular respiration as well as preserved reserve capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avery C Rossidis
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,
| | - Alessia Angelin
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Aimee G Kim
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ali Y Mejaddam
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Barbara E Coons
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Heather A Hartman
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Grace Hwang
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stylianos Monos
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Marcus G Davey
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Deborah Murdock
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alan W Flake
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Abramson Research Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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28
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Abstract
The prevalence of age-associated disease is increasing at a striking rate globally and there is evidence to suggest that the ageing process may actually begin before birth. It has been well-established that the status of both the maternal and early postnatal environments into which an individual is exposed can have huge implications for the risk of developing age-associated disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity in later life. Therefore, the dissection of underlying molecular mechanisms to explain this phenomenon, known as 'developmental programming' is a highly investigated area of research. This book chapter will examine the epidemiological evidence and the animal models of suboptimal maternal and early postnatal environments and will discuss the progress being made in the development of safe and effective intervention strategies which ultimately could target those 'programmed' individuals who are known to be at-risk of age-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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29
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Oxidative Stress as Cause, Consequence, or Biomarker of Altered Female Reproduction and Development in the Space Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123729. [PMID: 30477143 PMCID: PMC6320872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of numerous terrestrial disease processes and associated with morbidity following spaceflight. Furthermore, oxidative stress has long been considered a causative agent in adverse reproductive outcomes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the pathogenesis of oxidative stress caused by cosmic radiation and microgravity, review the relationship between oxidative stress and reproductive outcomes in females, and explore what role spaceflight-induced oxidative damage may have on female reproductive and developmental outcomes.
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30
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Stojanovska V, Sharma N, Dijkstra DJ, Scherjon SA, Jäger A, Schorle H, Plösch T. Placental insufficiency contributes to fatty acid metabolism alterations in aged female mouse offspring. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R1107-R1114. [PMID: 30207754 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00420.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an accepted risk factor for metabolic disorders in later life, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. The level of metabolic dysregulation can vary between subjects and is dependent on the severity and the type of IUGR insult. Classical IUGR animal models involve nutritional deprivation of the mother or uterine artery ligation. The latter aims to mimic a placental insufficiency, which is the most frequent cause of IUGR. In this study, we investigated whether IUGR attributable to placental insufficiency impacts the glucose and lipid homeostasis at advanced age. Placental insufficiency was achieved by deletion of the transcription factor AP-2y ( Tfap2c), which serves as one of the major trophoblast differentiation regulators. TdelT-IUGR mice were obtained by crossing mice with a floxed Tfap2c allele and mice with Cre recombinase under the control of the Tpbpa promoter. In advanced adulthood (9-12 mo), female and male IUGR mice are respectively 20% and 12% leaner compared with controls. At this age, IUGR mice have unaffected glucose clearance and lipid parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids) in the liver. However, female IUGR mice have increased plasma free fatty acids (+87%) compared with controls. This is accompanied by increased mRNA levels of fatty acid synthase and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers in white adipose tissue. Taken together, our results suggest that IUGR by placental insufficiency may lead to higher lipogenesis in female mice in advanced adulthood, at least indicated by greater Fasn expression. This effect was sex specific for the aged IUGR females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Stojanovska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Neha Sharma
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Bonn University Medical School , Bonn , Germany
| | - Dorieke J Dijkstra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Sicco A Scherjon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Jäger
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Bonn University Medical School , Bonn , Germany
| | - Hubert Schorle
- Department of Developmental Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Bonn University Medical School , Bonn , Germany
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
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31
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Rashid CS, Bansal A, Simmons RA. Oxidative Stress, Intrauterine Growth Restriction, and Developmental Programming of Type 2 Diabetes. Physiology (Bethesda) 2018; 33:348-359. [PMID: 30109821 PMCID: PMC6230552 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00023.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) leads to reduced birth weight and the development of metabolic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are commonly found in key tissues (pancreatic islets, liver, and skeletal muscle) of IUGR individuals. In this review, we explore the role of oxidative stress in IUGR-associated diabetes etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cetewayo S Rashid
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Amita Bansal
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca A Simmons
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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32
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Perinatal supplementation of 4-phenylbutyrate and glutamine attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress and improves colonic epithelial barrier function in rats born with intrauterine growth restriction. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 55:104-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Hu L, Peng X, Qin L, Wang R, Fang Z, Lin Y, Xu S, Feng B, Wu D, Che L. Dietary nucleotides supplementation during the suckling period improves the antioxidative ability of neonates with intrauterine growth retardation when using a pig model. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16152-16160. [PMID: 35542194 PMCID: PMC9080267 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00701b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary nucleotides supplementation on the antioxidant status of piglets affected by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Fourteen pairs of normal birth weight (NBW) and IUGR piglets were fed either a control diet (CON) or a nucleotides supplementation diet (NT) from 7 d of age to 28 d postnatal. Blood, liver and jejunum samples were collected at the end of the study. The results showed that IUGR piglets had decreased (P < 0.05) concentrations of plasma total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), gene expressions of hepatic cytoplasmic copper/zinc SOD (CuZnSOD) and PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and jejunal glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and extracellular superoxide dismutase (ESOD), accordingly, there was markedly higher (P < 0.05) plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and hepatic and jejunal mitochondria DNA content in the IUGR piglets relative to NBW piglets. Regardless of body weight, dietary NT supplementation significantly increased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of T-AOC, T-SOD, CuZnSOD, GPX and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione, hepatic T-SOD, GPX and mitochondria DNA content, while hepatic MDA concentration was markedly decreased (P < 0.05) 19.1% by NT diet. Furthermore, the gene expressions of hepatic glutathione reductase, CuZnSOD, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, PGC-1α and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1) and jejunal GPX, CuZnSOD, ESOD and NRF-1 were significantly increased (P < 0.05) by NT diet, whereas the gene expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 were markedly decreased (P < 0.05) compared with that of piglets fed with CON diet. These results indicate that dietary NT supplementation prevents the effect of IUGR on oxidative status and mitochondria DNA damage through improving the non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant capacities as well as mitochondria biogenesis of piglets. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary nucleotides supplementation on the antioxidant status of piglets affected by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR).![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Xie Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Qin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Ru Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengfeng Fang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Lin
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Feng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - De Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Lianqiang Che
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China +86-835-2883166 +86-835-2882828.,Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education Chengdu 611130 Sichuan People's Republic of China
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34
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Hoffman DJ, Reynolds RM, Hardy DB. Developmental origins of health and disease: current knowledge and potential mechanisms. Nutr Rev 2018; 75:951-970. [PMID: 29186623 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nux053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic and clinical research has provided a large body of evidence supporting the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), but there has been a relative dearth of mechanistic studies in humans due to the complexity of working with large, longitudinal cohorts. Nonetheless, animal models of undernutrition have provided substantial evidence for the potential epigenetic, metabolic, and endocrine mechanisms behind DOHaD. Furthermore, recent research has explored the interaction between the environment and the gastrointestinal system by investigating how the gut microbial ecology may impact the capacity for nutrient processing and absorption in a manner that may limit growth. This review presents a summary of current research that supports the concept of DOHaD, as well as potential mechanisms and interactions that explain how nutrition in utero and during early childhood influences lifelong health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Hoffman
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Program in International Nutrition, and the New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Center for Childhood Nutrition Education and Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rebecca M Reynolds
- University/British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Hardy
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and the Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, The Children's Health Research Institute and the Lawson Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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35
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Tarry-Adkins JL, Ozanne SE. Nutrition in early life and age-associated diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2017; 39:96-105. [PMID: 27594376 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-associated disease is increasing at a striking rate globally. It is known that a strong association exists between a suboptimal maternal and/or early-life environment and increased propensity of developing age-associated disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type-2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. The dissection of underlying molecular mechanisms to explain this phenomenon, which is known as 'developmental programming' is still emerging; however three common mechanisms have emerged in many models of developmental programming. These mechanisms are (a) changes in tissue structure, (b) epigenetic regulation and (c) accelerated cellular ageing. This review will examine the epidemiological evidence and the animal models of suboptimal maternal environments, focusing upon these molecular mechanisms and will discuss the progress being made in the development of safe and effective intervention strategies which ultimately could target those 'programmed' individuals who are known to be at-risk of age-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane L Tarry-Adkins
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, UK.
| | - Susan E Ozanne
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Level 4, Box 289, Addenbrooke's Treatment Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 OQQ, UK.
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36
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Branco RCS, Camargo RL, Batista TM, Vettorazzi JF, Borck PC, Dos Santos-Silva JCR, Boschero AC, Zoppi CC, Carneiro EM. Protein malnutrition blunts the increment of taurine transporter expression by a high-fat diet and impairs taurine reestablishment of insulin secretion. FASEB J 2017; 31:4078-4087. [PMID: 28572444 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600326rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Taurine (Tau) restores β-cell function in obesity; however, its action is lost in malnourished obese rodents. Here, we investigated the mechanisms involved in the lack of effects of Tau in this model. C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet (CD) (14% protein) or a protein-restricted diet (RD) (6% protein) for 6 wk. Afterward, mice received a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 wk [CD + HFD (CH) and RD + HFD (RH)] with or without 5% Tau supplementation after weaning on their drinking water [CH + Tau (CHT) and RH + Tau (RHT)]. The HFD increased insulin secretion through mitochondrial metabolism in CH and RH. Tau prevented all those alterations in CHT only. The expression of the taurine transporter (Tau-T), as well as Tau content in pancreatic islets, was increased in CH but had no effect on RH. Protein malnutrition programs β cells and impairs Tau-induced restoration of mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis. This may be associated with modulation of the expression of Tau-T in pancreatic islets, which may be responsible for the absence of effect of Tau in protein-malnourished obese mice.-Branco, R. C. S., Camargo, R. L., Batista, T. M., Vettorazzi, J. F., Borck, P. C., dos Santos-Silva, J. C. R., Boschero, A. C., Zoppi, C. C., Carneiro, E. M. Protein malnutrition blunts the increment of taurine transporter expression by a high-fat diet and impairs taurine reestablishment of insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Chaves Souto Branco
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ludemann Camargo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Martins Batista
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Franciesco Vettorazzi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Cristine Borck
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Carlos Boschero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Cesar Zoppi
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Everardo Magalhães Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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37
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Mansur RB, Cunha GR, Asevedo E, Zugman A, Rios AC, Salum GA, Pan PM, Gadelha A, Levandowski ML, Belangero SI, Manfro GG, Stertz L, Kauer-Sant'anna M, Miguel EC, Bressan RA, Mari JJ, Grassi-Oliveira R, Brietzke E. Perinatal complications, lipid peroxidation, and mental health problems in a large community pediatric sample. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2017; 26:521-529. [PMID: 27785581 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-016-0914-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Replicated evidence indicates that perinatal complications are associated with increased markers of oxidative stress and with mental health problems in children. However, there are fewer reports on the impact of perinatal complications in later phases of development. We aimed to investigate the estimated effects of perinatal complications on levels of lipid peroxidation and on psychopathology in children and adolescents. The study is part of the High Risk Cohort Study for Psychiatric Disorders; the population was composed by 554 students, 6-14 years of age. Serum levels of malondialdehyde, a product of lipid peroxidation, were measured by the TBARS method. A household interview with parents and caregivers was conducted and included inquiries about perinatal history, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and parent's evaluation, using the Mini International Psychiatric Interview (MINI). We created a cumulative risk index, conceptualized as each individual's cumulative exposure to perinatal complications. Results indicate that perinatal complications were associated with higher levels of TBARS. After adjusting for age, gender, socio-economic status, CBCL total problems score, parental psychopathology, and childhood maltreatment, children exposed to 3 or more perinatal complications had an 26.9% (95% CI 9.9%, 46.6%) increase in TBARS levels, relative to the unexposed group. Exploratory mediation analysis indicated that TBARS levels partially mediated the association between perinatal complications and externalizing problems. In conclusion, an adverse intrauterine and/or early life environment, as proxied by the cumulative exposure to perinatal complications, was independently associated with higher levels of lipid peroxidation in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo B Mansur
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil. .,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil. .,Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit (MDPU), University Health Network, University of Toronto, 399 Bathurst Street, MP 9-325, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.
| | - Graccielle R Cunha
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elson Asevedo
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Zugman
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adiel C Rios
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanni A Salum
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Pan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus L Levandowski
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Síntia I Belangero
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gisele G Manfro
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Laura Stertz
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Translational Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA
| | - Márcia Kauer-Sant'anna
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes C Miguel
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Bressan
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jair J Mari
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Biomedical Research, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elisa Brietzke
- National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents, CNPq, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,PRISMA-Program for Recognition and Intervention in Individuals in At-Risk Mental Statem, Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Su W, Xu W, Zhang H, Ying Z, Zhou L, Zhang L, Wang T. Effects of dietary leucine supplementation on the hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in normal birth weight and intrauterine growth-retarded weanling piglets. Nutr Res Pract 2017; 11:121-129. [PMID: 28386385 PMCID: PMC5376530 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary leucine supplementation on mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in the liver of normal birth weight (NBW) and intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) weanling piglets. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of sixteen pairs of NBW and IUGR piglets from sixteen sows were selected according to their birth weight. At postnatal day 14, all piglets were weaned and fed either a control diet or a leucine-supplemented diet for 21 d. Thereafter, a 2 × 2 factorial experimental design was used. Each treatment consisted of eight replications with one piglet per replication. RESULTS Compared with NBW piglets, IUGR piglets had a decreased (P < 0.05) hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. Also, IUGR piglets exhibited reductions (P < 0.05) in the activities of hepatic mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), citrate synthase (CS), α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (α-KGDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), and complexes I and V, along with decreases (P < 0.05) in the concentration of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and the protein expression of hepatic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α). Dietary leucine supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the content of ATP, and the activities of CS, α-KGDH, MDH, and complex V in the liver of piglets. Furthermore, compared to those fed a control diet, piglets given a leucine-supplemented diet exhibited increases (P < 0.05) in the mtDNA content and in the mRNA expressions of sirtuin 1, PGC-1α, nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial transcription factor A, and ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, β polypeptide in liver. CONCLUSIONS Dietary leucine supplementation may exert beneficial effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism in NBW and IUGR weanling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Le Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, China
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39
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Zhang H, Li Y, Su W, Ying Z, Zhou L, Zhang L, Wang T. Resveratrol attenuates mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver of intrauterine growth retarded suckling piglets by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and redox status. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 27958670 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Emerging evidence has identified mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation as potential targets for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. This study investigated the effect of resveratrol (RSV) on hepatic mitochondrial function in intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) suckling piglets. METHODS AND RESULTS Seven normal birth weight (NBW) and fourteen IUGR neonatal male piglets were selected. Piglets were fed control diets supplemented with 0 (NBW-CON), 0 (IUGR-CON), and 1.0 (IUGR-RSV) g RSV per kg of milk dry matter from 7 to 21 days of age (n = 7), respectively. Mitochondrial function, swelling, and redox status in the liver were assessed. Compared with NBW, IUGR impaired hepatic mitochondrial biogenesis and energy homeostasis of the control piglets. IUGR control piglets showed overproduction of superoxide radicals, increased concentration of malondialdehyde, and marked swelling in the mitochondria. RSV improved mitochondrial DNA content, ATP production, and fatty acid oxidation in the liver of IUGR piglets, along with an increased activity of sirtuin 1. RSV inhibited mitochondrial superoxide anion accumulation, increased complex III and manganese superoxide dismutase activities, and ameliorated mitochondrial swelling and lipid peroxidation in the IUGR piglets. CONCLUSION RSV may have beneficial effects in improving hepatic mitochondrial function and redox status in the IUGR piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weipeng Su
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhixiong Ying
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Le Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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40
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Pampanini V, Germani D, Puglianiello A, Stukenborg JB, Reda A, Savchuk I, Kjartansdóttir KR, Cianfarani S, Söder O. Impact of uteroplacental insufficiency on postnatal rat male gonad. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:247-257. [PMID: 27885054 PMCID: PMC5184772 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal events such as intrauterine growth restriction can affect gonadal development of the offspring and have an impact on reproductive health. To investigate the effects of intrauterine growth restriction induced by uterine artery ligation on the postnatal rat testis. Pregnant rats underwent uterine artery ligation at day 19 of gestation. Offspring were killed at 5, 20 and 40 days post-partum (dpp). At killing, one gonad was snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen and processed for RNA and steroid extraction. The other gonad was formalin-fixed for histology. Gene expression was analyzed by TaqMan Low-Density Array. Intratesticular testosterone, estradiol and serum gonadotrophins were measured. Thirty genes were dysregulated in intrauterine growth-restricted rats compared to controls, among which markers of Sertoli cell and Leydig cell function, cell metabolism and growth factors. Testis weights were significantly reduced at 5 and 20 dpp in intrauterine growth-restricted rats and caught-up by 40 dpp Accordingly, Sertoli cell number was significantly lower in 5 dpp intrauterine growth-restricted rats. At 20 dpp, intratesticular testosterone was significantly increased in intrauterine growth-restricted rats, whereas serum gonadotrophins were unchanged. IUGR altered the gene expression in the rat testes up to peripubertal age and reduced testis size and Sertoli cell number in neonatal age. Multiple mechanisms encompassing genetic changes and steroid production by the testis may be involved in the catch-up growth phase that restored testis size by 40 dpp Permanent consequences on organ function and gamete integrity cannot be excluded and deserve further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pampanini
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniela Germani
- Department of Systems MedicineTor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jan-Bernd Stukenborg
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Reda
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iuliia Savchuk
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristín Rós Kjartansdóttir
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefano Cianfarani
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Dipartimento Pediatrico Universitario Ospedaliero 'Bambino Gesù' Children's Hospital - Tor Vergata UniversityRome, Italy
| | - Olle Söder
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthPediatric Endocrinology Unit, Q2:08, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Wesolowski SR, Hay WW. Role of placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction on the activation of fetal hepatic glucose production. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 435:61-68. [PMID: 26723529 PMCID: PMC4921201 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucose is the major fuel for fetal oxidative metabolism. A positive maternal-fetal glucose gradient drives glucose across the placenta and is sufficient to meet the demands of the fetus, eliminating the need for endogenous hepatic glucose production (HGP). However, fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) from pregnancies complicated by placental insufficiency have an early activation of HGP. Furthermore, this activated HGP is resistant to suppression by insulin. Here, we present the data demonstrating the activation of HGP in animal models, mostly fetal sheep, and human pregnancies with IUGR. We also discuss potential mechanisms and pathways that may produce and support HGP and hepatic insulin resistance in IUGR fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - William W Hay
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
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42
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Keenaghan M, Sun L, Wang A, Hyodo E, Homma S, Ten VS. Intrauterine growth restriction impairs right ventricular response to hypoxia in adult male rats. Pediatr Res 2016; 80:547-53. [PMID: 27557421 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) predisposes to cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The mechanisms of this phenomenon remain cryptic. We hypothesized that heart mitochondria in IUGR-born adult rats are more sensitive to acute hypoxia which translates into dysfunctional cardiac response to hypoxic stress. METHODS Adult IUGR-born male rats (the offspring of dams fed with calories-restricted diet during pregnancy) were exposed to acute hypoxic stress with echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function. In parallel, mitochondrial respiration in organelles isolated from left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) was tested in normoxic and anoxic conditions. The extent of post-anoxic inhibition of mitochondrial respiration and cardiac function was compared with controls, non-IUGR rats. RESULTS Compared with controls, in the IUGR rats hypoxia significantly reduced only RV contractility, evidenced by decreased fractional shortening, functional area of contraction, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. In isolated mitochondria, anoxic challenge inhibited respiratory chain in both groups of rats. However, compared with controls, the extent of anoxic mitochondrial depression was significantly greater in IUGR-born rats, but only in the organelles isolated from RV. CONCLUSIONS In adult IUGR-born rats, mitochondria from RV are hypersensitive to oxygen deprivation and this translates into maladaptive RV cardiac response to acute hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Keenaghan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Georges University, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Lena Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York.,Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Aili Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Eiichi Hyodo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Sinichi Homma
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Vadim S Ten
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University, New York, New York
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43
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Costa SMR, Isganaitis E, Matthews TJ, Hughes K, Daher G, Dreyfuss JM, da Silva GAP, Patti ME. Maternal obesity programs mitochondrial and lipid metabolism gene expression in infant umbilical vein endothelial cells. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1627-1634. [PMID: 27531045 PMCID: PMC5101152 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Maternal obesity increases risk for childhood obesity, but molecular mechanisms are not well understood. We hypothesized that primary umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) from infants of overweight and obese mothers would harbor transcriptional patterns reflecting offspring obesity risk. SUBJECTS/METHODS In this observational cohort study, we recruited 13 lean (pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) <25.0 kg m-2) and 24 overweight-obese ('ov-ob', BMI⩾25.0 kg m-2) women. We isolated primary HUVEC, and analyzed both gene expression (Primeview, Affymetrix) and cord blood levels of hormones and adipokines. RESULTS A total of 142 transcripts were differentially expressed in HUVEC from infants of overweight-obese mothers (false discovery rate, FDR<0.05). Pathway analysis revealed that genes involved in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism were negatively correlated with maternal BMI (FDR<0.05). To test whether these transcriptomic patterns were associated with distinct nutrient exposures in the setting of maternal obesity, we analyzed the cord blood lipidome and noted significant increases in the levels of total free fatty acids (lean: 95.5±37.1 μg ml-1, ov-ob: 124.1±46.0 μg ml-1, P=0.049), palmitate (lean: 34.5±12.7 μg ml-1, ov-ob: 46.3±18.4 μg ml-1, P=0.03) and stearate (lean: 20.8±8.2 μg ml-1, ov-ob: 29.7±17.2 μg ml-1, P=0.04), in infants of overweight-obese mothers. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to maternal obesity alters HUVEC expression of genes involved in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism, potentially reflecting developmentally programmed differences in oxidative and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M R Costa
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E Isganaitis
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T J Matthews
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - K Hughes
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Daher
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J M Dreyfuss
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G A P da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - M-E Patti
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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44
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Culpepper C, Wesolowski SR, Benjamin J, Bruce JL, Brown LD, Jonker SS, Wilkening RB, Hay WW, Rozance PJ. Chronic anemic hypoxemia increases plasma glucagon and hepatic PCK1 mRNA in late-gestation fetal sheep. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2016; 311:R200-8. [PMID: 27170658 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00037.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic glucose production (HGP) normally begins just prior to birth. Prolonged fetal hypoglycemia, intrauterine growth restriction, and acute hypoxemia produce an early activation of fetal HGP. To test the hypothesis that prolonged hypoxemia increases factors which regulate HGP, studies were performed in fetuses that were bled to anemic conditions (anemic: n = 11) for 8.9 ± 0.4 days and compared with control fetuses (n = 7). Fetal arterial hematocrit and oxygen content were 32% and 50% lower, respectively, in anemic vs. controls (P < 0.005). Arterial plasma glucose was 15% higher in the anemic group (P < 0.05). Hepatic mRNA expression of phosphonenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK1) was twofold higher in the anemic group (P < 0.05). Arterial plasma glucagon concentrations were 70% higher in anemic fetuses compared with controls (P < 0.05), and they were positively associated with hepatic PCK1 mRNA expression (P < 0.05). Arterial plasma cortisol concentrations increased 90% in the anemic fetuses (P < 0.05), but fetal cortisol concentrations were not correlated with hepatic PCK1 mRNA expression. Hepatic glycogen content was 30% lower in anemic vs. control fetuses (P < 0.05) and was inversely correlated with fetal arterial plasma glucagon concentrations. In isolated primary fetal sheep hepatocytes, incubation in low oxygen (3%) increased PCK1 mRNA threefold compared with incubation in normal oxygen (21%). Together, these results demonstrate that glucagon and PCK1 may potentiate fetal HGP during chronic fetal anemic hypoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Culpepper
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stephanie R Wesolowski
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Joshua Benjamin
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jennifer L Bruce
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura D Brown
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Sonnet S Jonker
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute Center for Developmental Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Randall B Wilkening
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - William W Hay
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Paul J Rozance
- Perinatal Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; Center for Women's Health Research, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
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45
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Long B, Yin C, Fan Q, Yan G, Wang Z, Li X, Chen C, Yang X, Liu L, Zheng Z, Shi M, Yan X. Global Liver Proteome Analysis Using iTRAQ Reveals AMPK–mTOR–Autophagy Signaling Is Altered by Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Newborn Piglets. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1262-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Baisheng Long
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Cong Yin
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Qiwen Fan
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Guokai Yan
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuzhi Li
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Changqing Chen
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xingya Yang
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Liu
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zilong Zheng
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Min Shi
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Xianghua Yan
- College
of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 Hubei, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
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Medium-chain TAG improve energy metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in the liver of intra-uterine growth-retarded and normal-birth-weight weanling piglets. Br J Nutr 2016; 115:1521-30. [PMID: 26960981 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516000404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that medium-chain TAG (MCT) could alleviate hepatic oxidative damage in weanling piglets with intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR). There is a relationship between oxidative status and energy metabolism, a process involved in substrate availability and glucose flux. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of IUGR and MCT on hepatic energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in weanling piglets. Twenty-four IUGR piglets and twenty-four normal-birth-weight (NBW) piglets were fed a diet of either soyabean oil (SO) or MCT from 21 d of postnatal age to 49 d of postnatal age. Then, the piglets' biochemical parameters and gene expressions related to energy metabolism and mitochondrial function were determined (n 4). Compared with NBW, IUGR decreased the ATP contents and succinate oxidation rates in the liver of piglets, and reduced hepatic mitochondrial citrate synthase (CS) activity (P<0·05). IUGR piglets exhibited reductions in hepatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents and gene expressions related to mitochondrial biogenesis compared with NBW piglets (P<0·05). The MCT diet increased plasma ghrelin concentration and hepatic CS and succinate dehydrogenase activities, but decreased hepatic pyruvate kinase activity compared with the SO diet (P<0·05). The MCT-fed piglets showed improved mtDNA contents and PPARγ coactivator-1α expression in the liver (P<0·05). The MCT diet alleviated decreased mRNA abundance of the hepatic PPARα induced by IUGR (P<0·05). It can therefore be postulated that MCT may have beneficial effects in improving energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in weanling piglets.
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47
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Beauchamp B, Harper ME. In utero Undernutrition Programs Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Metabolism. Front Physiol 2016; 6:401. [PMID: 26779032 PMCID: PMC4701911 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In utero undernutrition is associated with increased risk for insulin resistance, obesity, and cardiovascular disease during adult life. A common phenotype associated with low birth weight is reduced skeletal muscle mass. Given the central role of skeletal muscle in whole body metabolism, alterations in its mass as well as its metabolic characteristics may contribute to disease risk. This review highlights the metabolic alterations in cardiac and skeletal muscle associated with in utero undernutrition and low birth weight. These tissues have high metabolic demands and are known to be sites of major metabolic dysfunction in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Recent research demonstrates that mitochondrial energetics are decreased in skeletal and cardiac muscles of adult offspring from undernourished mothers. These effects apparently lead to the development of a thrifty phenotype, which may represent overall a compensatory mechanism programmed in utero to handle times of limited nutrient availability. However, in an environment characterized by food abundance, the effects are maladaptive and increase adulthood risks of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Beauchamp
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mary-Ellen Harper
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa Ottawa, ON, Canada
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48
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Ávila JGO, Echeverri I, de Plata CA, Castillo A. Impact of oxidative stress during pregnancy on fetal epigenetic patterns and early origin of vascular diseases. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:12-21. [PMID: 26024054 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuu001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have led scientists to postulate the developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis for noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and obesity. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the development of these diseases are not well understood. In various animal models, it has been observed that oxidative stress during pregnancy is associated with the early development of endothelial dysfunction in offspring. This phenomenon suggests that endothelial dysfunction may initiate in the uterus and could lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Currently, it is known that many of the fetal adaptive responses to environmental factors are mediated by epigenetic changes in the genome, especially by the degree of methylation in cytosines in the promoter regions of genes. These findings suggest that the establishment of a particular epigenetic pattern in the genome may be generated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Guillermo Ortega Ávila
- J.G. Ortega Ávila is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group on Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia. I. Echeverri is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia. C. Aguilar de Plata and A. Castillo are with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.
| | - Isabella Echeverri
- J.G. Ortega Ávila is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group on Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia. I. Echeverri is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia. C. Aguilar de Plata and A. Castillo are with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Cecilia Aguilar de Plata
- J.G. Ortega Ávila is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group on Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia. I. Echeverri is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia. C. Aguilar de Plata and A. Castillo are with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Andrés Castillo
- J.G. Ortega Ávila is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, Research Group on Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia. I. Echeverri is with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia and the Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia. C. Aguilar de Plata and A. Castillo are with the Department of Physiological Sciences, Nutrition Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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49
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In an Ovine Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Prenatal Androgens Suppress Female Fetal Renal Gluconeogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132113. [PMID: 26148093 PMCID: PMC4492923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased maternal androgen exposure during pregnancy programmes a polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-like condition, with metabolic dysfunction, in adult female offspring. Other in utero exposures associated with the development of insulin resistance, such as intrauterine growth restriction and exposure to prenatal glucocorticoids, are associated with altered fetal gluconeogenesis. We therefore aimed to assess the effect of maternal androgenisation on the expression of PEPCK and G6PC in the ovine fetus. Pregnant Scottish Greyface sheep were treated with twice weekly testosterone propionate (TP; 100mg) or vehicle control from day 62 to day 102 of gestation. At day 90 and day 112 fetal plasma and liver and kidney tissue was collected for analysis. PEPCK and G6PC expression were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. PEPCK and G6PC were localised to fetal hepatocytes but maternal androgens had no effect on female or male fetuses. PEPCK and G6PC were also localised to the renal tubules and renal PEPCK (P<0.01) and G6PC (P = 0.057) were lower in females after prenatal androgenisation with no change in male fetuses. These tissue and sex specific observations could not be explained by alterations in fetal insulin or cortisol. The sexual dimorphism may be related to the increase in circulating estrogen (P<0.01) and testosterone (P<0.001) in females but not males. The tissue specific effects may be related to the increased expression of ESR1 (P<0.01) and AR (P<0.05) in the kidney when compared to the fetal liver. After discontinuation of maternal androgenisation female fetal kidney PEPCK expression normalised. These data further highlight the fetal and sexual dimorphic effects of maternal androgenisation, an antecedent to adult disease and the plasticity of fetal development.
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Li B, Li W, Ahmad H, Zhang L, Wang C, Wang T. Effects of Choline on Meat Quality and Intramuscular Fat in Intrauterine Growth Retardation Pigs. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129109. [PMID: 26046629 PMCID: PMC4457733 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of choline supplementation on intramuscular fat (IMF) and lipid oxidation in IUGR pigs. Twelve normal body weight (NBW) and twelve intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) newborn piglets were collected and distributed into 4 treatments (Normal: N, Normal+Choline: N+C, IUGR: I, and IUGR+Choline: I+C) with 6 piglets in each treatment. At 23 d of age, NBW and IUGR pigs were fed basal or choline supplemented diets. The results showed that the IUGR pigs had significantly lower (P<0.05) BW as compared with the NBW pigs at 23 d, 73 d, and 120 d of age, however, there was a slight decreased (P>0.05) in BW of IUGR pigs than the NBW pigs at 200 d. Compared with the NBW pigs, pH of meat longissimus dorsi muscle was significantly lower (P<0.05), and the meat color was improved in IUGR pigs. The malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05), while triglyceride (TG) and IMF contents were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the IUGR pigs than the NBW pigs. IUGR up-regulated the mRNA gene expression of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Dietary choline significantly increased (P<0.05) the BW at 120d of age, however, significantly decreased (P<0.05) the TG and IMF contents in both IUGR and NBW pigs. FAS and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins 1 (SREBP1) mRNA gene expressions were increased (P<0.05) while the muscle-carnitine palmityl transferase (M-CPT) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptorγ (PPARγ) mRNA (P<0.05) gene expressions were decreased in the muscles of the IUGR pigs by choline supplementation. Furthermore, choline supplementation significantly increased (P<0.05) the MDA content as well as the O2•¯ scavenging activity in meat of IUGR pigs. The results suggested that IUGR pigs showed a permanent stunting effect on the growth performance, increased fat deposition and oxidative stress in muscles. However, dietary supplementation of choline improved the fat deposition via enhancing the lipogenesis and reducing the lipolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hussain Ahmad
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- * E-mail:
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