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Xu W, Liang X, Chen L, Hong W, Hu X. Biobanks in chronic disease management: A comprehensive review of strategies, challenges, and future directions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32063. [PMID: 38868047 PMCID: PMC11168399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Biobanks, through the collection and storage of patient blood, tissue, genomic, and other biological samples, provide unique and rich resources for the research and management of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. These samples contain valuable cellular and molecular level information that can be utilized to decipher the pathogenesis of diseases, guide the development of novel diagnostic technologies, treatment methods, and personalized medical strategies. This article first outlines the historical evolution of biobanks, their classification, and the impact of technological advancements. Subsequently, it elaborates on the significant role of biobanks in revealing molecular biomarkers of chronic diseases, promoting the translation of basic research to clinical applications, and achieving individualized treatment and management. Additionally, challenges such as standardization of sample processing, information privacy, and security are discussed. Finally, from the perspectives of policy support, regulatory improvement, and public participation, this article provides a forecast on the future development directions of biobanks and strategies to address challenges, aiming to safeguard and enhance their unique advantages in supporting chronic disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanna Xu
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xiongshun Liang
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Wenxu Hong
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xuqiao Hu
- Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen Institute of Dermatology, Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
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Vieira-Lara MA, Bakker BM. The paradox of fatty-acid β-oxidation in muscle insulin resistance: Metabolic control and muscle heterogeneity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167172. [PMID: 38631409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle is a metabolically heterogeneous tissue that plays a key role in maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis. It is well known that muscle insulin resistance (IR) precedes the development of type 2 diabetes. There is a consensus that the accumulation of specific lipid species in the tissue can drive IR. However, the role of the mitochondrial fatty-acid β-oxidation in IR and, consequently, in the control of glucose uptake remains paradoxical: interventions that either inhibit or activate fatty-acid β-oxidation have been shown to prevent IR. We here discuss the current theories and evidence for the interplay between β-oxidation and glucose uptake in IR. To address the underlying intricacies, we (1) dive into the control of glucose uptake fluxes into muscle tissues using the framework of Metabolic Control Analysis, and (2) disentangle concepts of flux and catalytic capacities taking into account skeletal muscle heterogeneity. Finally, we speculate about hitherto unexplored mechanisms that could bring contrasting evidence together. Elucidating how β-oxidation is connected to muscle IR and the underlying role of muscle heterogeneity enhances disease understanding and paves the way for new treatments for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A Vieira-Lara
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Barbara M Bakker
- Laboratory of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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Pashaei Z, Malandish A, Alipour S, Jafari A, Laher I, Hackney AC, Suzuki K, Granacher U, Saeidi A, Zouhal H. Effects of HIIT training and HIIT combined with circuit resistance training on measures of physical fitness, miRNA expression, and metabolic risk factors in overweight/obese middle-aged women. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:123. [PMID: 38812051 PMCID: PMC11137892 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00904-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 10 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and HIIT combined with circuit resistance training (HCRT) on selected measures of physical fitness, the expression of miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and - 155 as well as metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and insulin resistance in middle-aged overweight/obese women. METHODS Twenty-seven overweight/obese women aged 35-50 yrs. were randomized to HIIT (n = 14) or HCRT (n = 13) groups. The HIIT group performed running exercises (5 reps x 4 min per session) with active recovery between repetitions for 10 weeks with 5 weekly sessions. The HCRT group performed 10 weeks of HIIT and resistance training with 3 weekly HIIT sessions and 2 weekly HCRT sessions. Anthropometric measures (e.g., body mass), selected components of physical fitness (cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength), levels of miRNAs (miR-9, -15a, -34a, -145, and - 155), lipid profiles (total cholesterol; TC, Triglycerides; TG, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C), and insulin resistance; HOMA-IR index, were measured at baseline and week 10. RESULTS An ANOVA analysis indicated no significant group by time interactions (p > 0.05) for all anthropometric measures, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max). A significant group by time interaction, however, was found for the one-repetition maximum (IRM; p < 0.001, ES= 0.751 , moderate). A post-hoc test indicated an increase in the pre-to-post mean 1RM for HCRT (p = 0.001, ES = 1.83, large). There was a significant group by time interaction for miR-155 (p = 0.05, ES = 0.014, trivial). Levels for miR-155 underwent pre-to-post HIIT increases (p = 0.045, ES = 1.232, large). Moreover, there were also significant group by time interactions for TC (p = 0.035, ES = 0.187, trivial), TG (p < 0.001, ES = 0.586, small), LDL-C (p = 0.029, ES = 0.200, small) and HDL-C (p = 0.009, ES = 0.273, small). Post-hoc tests indicated pre-post HCRT decreases for TC (p = 0.001, ES = 1.44, large) and HDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 1.407, large). HIIT caused pre-to-post decreases in TG (p = 0.001, ES = 0.599, small), and LDL-C (p = 0.001, ES = 0.926, moderate). CONCLUSIONS Both training regimes did not improve cardiovascular fitness. But, HCRT improved lower/upper limb muscle strength, and HIIT resulted in an increase in miR-155 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, HIIT and HCRT each improved selected metabolic risk factors including lipid profiles and glucose and insulin metabolism in overweight/obese middle-aged women. TRIAL REGISTRATION OSF, October, 4th 2023. Registration DOI: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/UZ92E . osf.io/tc5ky . "Retrospectively registered".
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaleh Pashaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Abbas Malandish
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Shahriar Alipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Afshar Jafari
- Department of Biological Sciences in sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Suzuki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Urs Granacher
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, Exercise and Human Movement Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Ayoub Saeidi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Kurdistan, Iran
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Movement, Sport, Health and Sciences laboratory (M2S). UFR-STAPS, University of Rennes 2-ENS Cachan, Av. Charles Tillon, Rennes Cedex, 35044, France.
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2IS), Irodouer, 35850, France.
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Vatashchuk MV, Bayliak MM, Hurza VV, Demianchuk OI, Gospodaryov DV, Lushchak VI. Alpha-ketoglutarate partially alleviates effects of high-fat high-fructose diet in mouse muscle. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1264-1277. [PMID: 38234967 PMCID: PMC10792174 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of high-calorie diets leads to excessive accumulation of storage lipids in adipose tissue. Metabolic changes occur not only in adipose tissue but in other tissues, too, such as liver, heart, muscle, and brain. This study aimed to explore the effects of high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) alone and in the combination with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), a well-known cellular metabolite, on energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle of C57BL/6J mice. Five-month-old male mice were divided into four groups - the control one fed a standard diet (10 % kcal fat), HFFD group fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (45 % kcal fat, 15 % kcal fructose), AKG group fed a standard diet with 1 % sodium AKG in drinking water, and HFFD + AKG group fed HFFD and water with 1 % sodium AKG. The dietary regimens lasted 8 weeks. Mice fed HFFD had higher levels of storage triacylglycerides, lower levels of glycogen, and total water-soluble protein, and higher activities of key glycolytic enzymes, namely hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, as compared with the control group. The results suggest that muscles of HFFD mice may suffer from lipotoxicity. In HFFD + AKG mice, levels of the metabolites and activities of glycolytic enzymes did not differ from the respective values in the control group, except for the activity of pyruvate kinase, which was significantly lower in HFFD + AKG group compared with the control. Thus, metabolic changes in mouse skeletal muscles, caused by HFFD, were alleviated by AKG, indicating a protective role of AKG regarding lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myroslava V. Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Maria M. Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia V. Hurza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh I. Demianchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V. Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
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Gopal K, Abdualkader AM, Li X, Greenwell AA, Karwi QG, Altamimi TR, Saed C, Uddin GM, Darwesh AM, Jamieson KL, Kim R, Eaton F, Seubert JM, Lopaschuk GD, Ussher JR, Al Batran R. Loss of muscle PDH induces lactic acidosis and adaptive anaplerotic compensation via pyruvate-alanine cycling and glutaminolysis. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105375. [PMID: 37865313 PMCID: PMC10692893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme for glucose oxidation that links glycolysis-derived pyruvate with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Although skeletal muscle is a significant site for glucose oxidation and is closely linked with metabolic flexibility, the importance of muscle PDH during rest and exercise has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that mice with muscle-specific deletion of PDH exhibit rapid weight loss and suffer from severe lactic acidosis, ultimately leading to early mortality under low-fat diet provision. Furthermore, loss of muscle PDH induces adaptive anaplerotic compensation by increasing pyruvate-alanine cycling and glutaminolysis. Interestingly, high-fat diet supplementation effectively abolishes early mortality and rescues the overt metabolic phenotype induced by muscle PDH deficiency. Despite increased reliance on fatty acid oxidation during high-fat diet provision, loss of muscle PDH worsens exercise performance and induces lactic acidosis. These observations illustrate the importance of muscle PDH in maintaining metabolic flexibility and preventing the development of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Gopal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdualrahman Mohammed Abdualkader
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Cardiometabolic Health, Diabetes and Obesity Research Network, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiaobei Li
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Cardiometabolic Health, Diabetes and Obesity Research Network, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amanda A Greenwell
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qutuba G Karwi
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Saint John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Tariq R Altamimi
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christina Saed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Golam M Uddin
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Darwesh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Lockhart Jamieson
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ryekjang Kim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Farah Eaton
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John M Seubert
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rami Al Batran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Cardiometabolic Health, Diabetes and Obesity Research Network, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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6
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Aryankalayil MJ, Bylicky MA, Martello S, Chopra S, Sproull M, May JM, Shankardass A, MacMillan L, Vanpouille-Box C, Eke I, Scott KMK, Dalo J, Coleman CN. Microarray analysis of hub genes, non-coding RNAs and pathways in lung after whole body irradiation in a mouse model. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1702-1715. [PMID: 37212632 PMCID: PMC10615684 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2214205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous research has highlighted the impact of radiation damage, with cancer patients developing acute disorders including radiation induced pneumonitis or chronic disorders including pulmonary fibrosis months after radiation therapy ends. We sought to discover biomarkers that predict these injuries and develop treatments that mitigate this damage and improve quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six- to eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice received 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 Gy or sham whole body irradiation. Animals were euthanized 48 h post exposure and lungs removed, snap frozen and underwent RNA isolation. Microarray analysis was performed to determine dysregulation of messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) after radiation injury. RESULTS We observed sustained dysregulation of specific RNA markers including: mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs across all doses. We also identified significantly upregulated genes that can indicate high dose exposure, including Cpt1c, Pdk4, Gdf15, and Eda2r, which are markers of senescence and fibrosis. Only three miRNAs were significantly dysregulated across all radiation doses: miRNA-142-3p and miRNA-142-5p were downregulated and miRNA-34a-5p was upregulated. IPA analysis predicted inhibition of several molecular pathways with increasing doses of radiation, including: T cell development, Quantity of leukocytes, Quantity of lymphocytes, and Cell viability. CONCLUSIONS These RNA biomarkers might be highly relevant in the development of treatments and in predicting normal tissue injury in patients undergoing radiation treatment. We are conducting further experiments in our laboratory, which includes a human lung-on-a-chip model, to develop a decision tree model using RNA biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molykutty J Aryankalayil
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle A Bylicky
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shannon Martello
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sunita Chopra
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary Sproull
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jared M May
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Aman Shankardass
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Iris Eke
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kevin M K Scott
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Juan Dalo
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - C Norman Coleman
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Radiation Research Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Fatmi MK, Ren D, Fedorova J, Zoungrana LI, Wang H, Davitt K, Li Z, Iglesias M, Lesnefsky EJ, Krause‐Hauch M, Li J. Cardiomyocyte Pdk4 response is associated with metabolic maladaptation in aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13800. [PMID: 36797808 PMCID: PMC10086528 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death, with age range being the primary factor for development. The mechanisms by which aging increases vulnerability to ischemic insult are not well understood. We aim to use single-cell RNA sequencing to discover transcriptional differences in various cell types between aged and young mice, which may contribute to aged-related vulnerability to ischemic insult. Utilizing 10× Genomics Single-Cell RNA sequencing, we were able to complete bioinformatic analysis to identity novel differential gene expression. During the analysis of our collected samples, we detected Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 (Pdk4) expression to be remarkably differentially expressed. Particularly in cardiomyocyte cell populations, Pdk4 was found to be significantly upregulated in the young mouse population compared to the aged mice under ischemic/reperfusion conditions. Pdk4 is responsible for inhibiting the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, resulting in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Due to decreased Pdk4 expression in aged cardiomyocytes, there may be an increased reliance on glucose oxidization for energy. Through biochemical metabolomics analysis, it was observed that there is a greater abundance of pyruvate in young hearts in contrast to their aged counterparts, indicating less glycolytic activity. We believe that Pdk4 response provides valuable insight towards mechanisms that allow for the young heart to handle ischemic insult stress more effectively than the aged heart.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Di Ren
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Julia Fedorova
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | | | - Hao Wang
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Kayla Davitt
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Zehui Li
- Department of Medical Engineering, College of Engineering and Morsani College of MedicineUniversity of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA
| | | | - Edward J. Lesnefsky
- Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
- Cardiology Section, Medical Service, Richmond Department of Veterans Affairs Medical CenterRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Meredith Krause‐Hauch
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
- James A. Haley Veterans' HospitalTampaFloridaUSA
| | - Ji Li
- Department of SurgeryMorsani College of MedicineTampaFloridaUSA
- James A. Haley Veterans' HospitalTampaFloridaUSA
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8
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Cholico GN, Orlowska K, Fling RR, Sink WJ, Zacharewski NA, Fader KA, Nault R, Zacharewski T. Consequences of reprogramming acetyl-CoA metabolism by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in the mouse liver. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4138. [PMID: 36914879 PMCID: PMC10011583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a persistent environmental contaminant that induces the progression of steatosis to steatohepatitis with fibrosis in mice. Furthermore, TCDD reprograms hepatic metabolism by redirecting glycolytic intermediates while inhibiting lipid metabolism. Here, we examined the effect of TCDD on hepatic acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) and β-hydroxybutyrate levels as well as protein acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation. Acetyl-CoA is not only a central metabolite in multiple anabolic and catabolic pathways, but also a substrate used for posttranslational modification of proteins and a surrogate indicator of cellular energy status. Targeted metabolomic analysis revealed a dose-dependent decrease in hepatic acetyl-CoA levels coincident with the phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), and the induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase, while repressing ATP citrate lyase and short-chain acyl-CoA synthetase gene expression. In addition, TCDD dose-dependently reduced the levels of hepatic β-hydroxybutyrate and repressed ketone body biosynthesis gene expression. Moreover, levels of total hepatic protein acetylation and β-hydroxybutyrylation were reduced. AMPK phosphorylation was induced consistent with acetyl-CoA serving as a cellular energy status surrogate, yet subsequent targets associated with re-establishing energy homeostasis were not activated. Collectively, TCDD reduced hepatic acetyl-CoA and β-hydroxybutyrate levels eliciting starvation-like conditions despite normal levels of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovan N Cholico
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Russell R Fling
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Warren J Sink
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Nicholas A Zacharewski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Kelly A Fader
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Rance Nault
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Tim Zacharewski
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, Biochemistry Building, 603 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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9
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Kim MJ, Sinam IS, Siddique Z, Jeon JH, Lee IK. The Link between Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Sarcopenia: An Update Focusing on the Role of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4. Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:153-163. [PMID: 36635027 PMCID: PMC10040620 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, defined as a progressive loss of muscle mass and function, is typified by mitochondrial dysfunction and loss of mitochondrial resilience. Sarcopenia is associated not only with aging, but also with various metabolic diseases characterized by mitochondrial dyshomeostasis. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) are mitochondrial enzymes that inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which controls pyruvate entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the subsequent adenosine triphosphate production required for normal cellular activities. PDK4 is upregulated in mitochondrial dysfunction-related metabolic diseases, especially pathologic muscle conditions associated with enhanced muscle proteolysis and aberrant myogenesis. Increases in PDK4 are associated with perturbation of mitochondria-associated membranes and mitochondrial quality control, which are emerging as a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease-associated muscle atrophy. Here, we review how mitochondrial dysfunction affects sarcopenia, focusing on the role of PDK4 in mitochondrial homeostasis. We discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PDK4 on mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia and show that targeting mitochondria could be a therapeutic target for treating sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ibotombi Singh Sinam
- Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Zerwa Siddique
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Corresponding author: In-Kyu Lee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2261-7269 Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41944, Korea E-mail:
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10
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Leung CLK, Karunakaran S, Atser MG, Innala L, Hu X, Viau V, Johnson JD, Clee SM. Analysis of a genetic region affecting mouse body weight. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:132-146. [PMID: 36717164 PMCID: PMC10042608 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00137.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors affect an individual's risk of developing obesity, but in most cases each genetic variant has a small effect. Discovery of genes that regulate obesity may provide clues about its underlying biological processes and point to new ways the disease can be treated. Preclinical animal models facilitate genetic discovery in obesity because environmental factors can be better controlled compared with the human population. We studied inbred mouse strains to identify novel genes affecting obesity and glucose metabolism. BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice are fatter and more glucose intolerant than C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Prior genetic studies of these strains identified an obesity locus on chromosome 2. Using congenic mice, we found that obesity was affected by a ∼316 kb region, with only two known genes, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (Pdk1) and integrin α 6 (Itga6). Both genes had mutations affecting their amino acid sequence and reducing mRNA levels. Both genes have known functions that could modulate obesity, lipid metabolism, insulin secretion, and/or glucose homeostasis. We hypothesized that genetic variation in or near Pdk1 or Itga6 causing reduced Pdk1 and Itga6 expression would promote obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. We used knockout mice lacking Pdk1 or Itga6 fed an obesigenic diet to test this hypothesis. Under the conditions we studied, we were unable to detect an individual contribution of either Pdk1 or Itga6 to body weight. During our studies, with conditions outside our control, we were unable to reproduce some of our previous body weight data. However, we identified a previously unknown role for Pdk1 in cardiac cholesterol metabolism providing the basis for future investigations. The studies described in this paper highlight the importance and the challenge using physiological outcomes to study obesity genes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie L K Leung
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Subashini Karunakaran
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael G Atser
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leyla Innala
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Victor Viau
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Susanne M Clee
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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11
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Stacpoole PW, McCall CE. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex: Life's essential, vulnerable and druggable energy homeostat. Mitochondrion 2023; 70:59-102. [PMID: 36863425 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Found in all organisms, pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes (PDC) are the keystones of prokaryotic and eukaryotic energy metabolism. In eukaryotic organisms these multi-component megacomplexes provide a crucial mechanistic link between cytoplasmic glycolysis and the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. As a consequence, PDCs also influence the metabolism of branched chain amino acids, lipids and, ultimately, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). PDC activity is an essential determinant of the metabolic and bioenergetic flexibility of metazoan organisms in adapting to changes in development, nutrient availability and various stresses that challenge maintenance of homeostasis. This canonical role of the PDC has been extensively probed over the past decades by multidisciplinary investigations into its causal association with diverse physiological and pathological conditions, the latter making the PDC an increasingly viable therapeutic target. Here we review the biology of the remarkable PDC and its emerging importance in the pathobiology and treatment of diverse congenital and acquired disorders of metabolic integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Stacpoole
- Department of Medicine (Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Charles E McCall
- Department of Internal Medicine and Translational Sciences, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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12
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Luo Y, Zhou W, Li R, Limbu SM, Qiao F, Chen L, Zhang M, Du ZY. Inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase improves carbohydrate utilization in Nile tilapia by regulating PDK2/4-PDHE1α axis and insulin sensitivity. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 11:25-37. [PMID: 36016966 PMCID: PMC9382415 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs)-pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit (PDHE1α) axis plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism in mammals. However, the regulatory function of PDKs-PDHE1α axis in the glucose metabolism of fish is not well known. This study determined whether PDKs inhibition could enhance PDHE1α activity, and improve glucose catabolism in fish. Nile tilapia fingerlings (1.90 ± 0.11 g) were randomly divided into 4 treatments in triplicate (30 fish each) and fed control diet without dichloroacetate (DCA) (38% protein, 7% lipid and 45% corn starch) and the control diet supplemented with DCA, which inhibits PDKs through binding the allosteric sites, at 3.75 (DCA3.75), 7.50 (DCA7.50) and 11.25 g/kg (DCA11.25), for 6 wk. The results showed that DCA3.75, DCA7.50 and DCA11.25 significantly increased weight gain, carcass ratio and protein efficiency ratio (P < 0.05) and reduced feed efficiency (P < 0.05) of Nile tilapia. To investigate the effects of DCA on growth performance of Nile tilapia, we selected the lowest dose DCA3.75 for subsequent analysis. Nile tilapia fed on DCA3.75 significantly reduced the mesenteric fat index, serum and liver triglyceride concentration and total lipid content in whole fish, and down-regulated the expressions of genes related to lipogenesis (P < 0.05) compared to the control. The DCA3.75 treatment significantly improved glucose oxidative catabolism and glycogen synthesis in the liver, but significantly reduced the conversion of glucose to lipid (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the DCA3.75 treatment significantly decreased the PDK2/4 gene and protein expressions (P < 0.05), accordingly stimulated PDHE1α activity by decreasing the phosphorylated PDHE1α protein level. In addition, DCA3.75 treatment significantly increased the phosphorylated levels of key proteins involved in insulin signaling pathway and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (P < 0.05). Taken together, the present study demonstrates that PDK2/4 inhibition by using DCA promotes glucose utilization in Nile tilapia by activating PDHE1α and improving insulin sensitivity. Our study helps to understand the regulatory mechanism of glucose metabolism for improving dietary carbohydrate utilization in farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Ruixin Li
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Samwel M. Limbu
- University of Dar Es Salaam, Department of Aquaculture Technology, Dar Es Salaam 60091, Tanzania
- UDSM-ECNU Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology (JRCAFB), Dar Es Salaam 60091, Tanzania
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liqiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- ECNU-UDSM Joint Research Center for Aquaculture and Fish Biology (JRCAFB), Shanghai 200241, China
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13
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Bayliak MM, Vatashchuk MV, Gospodaryov DV, Hurza VV, Demianchuk OI, Ivanochko MV, Burdyliuk NI, Storey KB, Lushchak O, Lushchak VI. High fat high fructose diet induces mild oxidative stress and reorganizes intermediary metabolism in male mouse liver: Alpha-ketoglutarate effects. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130226. [PMID: 35987369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diets rich in fats and/or carbohydrates are used to study obesity and related metabolic complications. We studied the effects of a high fat high fructose diet (HFFD) on intermediary metabolism and the development of oxidative stress in mouse liver and tested the ability of alpha-ketoglutarate to prevent HFFD-induced changes. METHODS Male mice were fed a standard diet (10% kcal fat) or HFFD (45% kcal fat, 15% kcal fructose) with or without addition of 1% alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) in drinking water for 8 weeks. RESULTS The HFFD had no effect on body mass but activated fructolysis and glycolysis and induced inflammation and oxidative stress with a concomitant increase in activity of antioxidant enzymes in the mouse liver. HFFD-fed mice also showed lower mRNA levels of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) and slightly increased intensity of mitochondrial respiration in liver compared to mice on the standard diet. No significant effects of HFFD on transcription of PDK2 and PGC1α, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor co-activator-1α, or protein levels of p-AMPK, an active form of AMP-activated protein kinase, were found. The addition of AKG to HFFD decreased oxidized glutathione levels, did not affect levels of lipid peroxides and PDK4 transcripts but increased activities of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase in mouse liver. CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with AKG had weak modulating effects on HFFD-induced oxidative stress and changes in energetics in mouse liver. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our research expands the understanding of diet-induced metabolic switching and elucidates further roles of alpha-ketoglutarate as a metabolic regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
| | - Myroslava V Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Viktoria V Hurza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh I Demianchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Marian V Ivanochko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Nadia I Burdyliuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine; Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine; Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine.
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14
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Zumbaugh MD, Johnson SE, Shi TH, Gerrard DE. Molecular and biochemical regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6652332. [PMID: 35908794 PMCID: PMC9339271 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle hypertrophy is a culmination of catabolic and anabolic processes that are interwoven into major metabolic pathways, and as such modulation of skeletal muscle metabolism may have implications on animal growth efficiency. Muscle is composed of a heterogeneous population of muscle fibers that can be classified by metabolism (oxidative or glycolytic) and contractile speed (slow or fast). Although slow fibers (type I) rely heavily on oxidative metabolism, presumably to fuel long or continuous bouts of work, fast fibers (type IIa, IIx, and IIb) vary in their metabolic capability and can range from having a high oxidative capacity to a high glycolytic capacity. The plasticity of muscle permits continuous adaptations to changing intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli that can shift the classification of muscle fibers, which has implications on fiber size, nutrient utilization, and protein turnover rate. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the major metabolic pathways in skeletal muscle and the associated regulatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan D Zumbaugh
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Sally E Johnson
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Tim H Shi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - David E Gerrard
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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15
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Katayama Y, Kawata Y, Moritoh Y, Watanabe M. Dichloroacetate, a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor, ameliorates type 2 diabetes via reduced gluconeogenesis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08889. [PMID: 35169648 PMCID: PMC8829582 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, which plays a key role in linking cytosolic glycolysis to mitochondria metabolism. PDH is physiologically inactivated by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs). Thus, activation of PDH via inhibiting PDK may lead to metabolic benefits. In the present study, we investigated the antidiabetic effect of PDK inhibition using dichloroacetate (DCA), a PDK inhibitor. Main methods We evaluated the effect of single dose of DCA on plasma metabolic parameters in normal rats. Next, we investigated the antidiabetic effect of DCA in diabetic ob/ob mice. In addition, we performed in vitro assays to understand the effect and mechanism of action of DCA on gluconeogenesis in mouse myoblast cell line C2C12 and rat hepatoma cell line FaO. Key findings In normal rats, a single dose of DCA decreased the plasma level of pyruvate, the product of glycolysis, and the plasma glucose level only in the fasting state. Meanwhile, a single dose of DCA lowered the plasma glucose level, and a three-week treatment decreased the fructosamine level in diabetic ob/ob mice. In vitro experiments demonstrated concentration-dependent suppression of lactate production in C2C12 myotubes. In addition, DCA suppressed glucose production from pyruvate and lactate in FaO hepatoma cells. Thus, DCA-mediated restricted supply of gluconeogenic substrates from the muscle to liver, and direct suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis might have contributed to its glucose-lowering effect in the current models. Significance PDK inhibitor may be considered as a potential antidiabetic agent harboring inhibitory effect on gluconeogenesis.
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16
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Use of a short-term nutritional supplementation for transcriptional profiling of liver tissues in sheep. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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17
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Nagy A, Pethő D, Gesztelyi R, Juhász B, Balla G, Szilvássy Z, Balla J, Gáll T. BGP-15 Inhibits Hyperglycemia-Aggravated VSMC Calcification Induced by High Phosphate. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179263. [PMID: 34502172 PMCID: PMC8431374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification associated with high plasma phosphate (Pi) level is a frequent complication of hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. BGP-15 is an emerging anti-diabetic drug candidate. This study was aimed to explore whether BGP-15 inhibits high Pi-induced calcification of human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) under normal glucose (NG) and high glucose (HG) conditions. Exposure of VSMCs to Pi resulted in accumulation of extracellular calcium, elevated cellular Pi uptake and intracellular pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4) level, loss of smooth muscle cell markers (ACTA, TAGLN), and enhanced osteochondrogenic gene expression (KLF-5, Msx-2, Sp7, BMP-2). Increased Annexin A2 and decreased matrix Gla protein (MGP) content were found in extracellular vesicles (EVs). The HG condition markedly aggravated Pi-induced VSMC calcification. BGP-15 inhibited Pi uptake and PDK-4 expression that was accompanied by the decreased nuclear translocation of KLF-5, Msx-2, Sp7, retained VSMC markers (ACTA, TAGLN), and decreased BMP-2 in both NG and HG conditions. EVs exhibited increased MGP content and decreased Annexin A2. Importantly, BGP-15 prevented the deposition of calcium in the extracellular matrix. In conclusion, BGP-15 inhibits Pi-induced osteochondrogenic phenotypic switch and mineralization of VSMCs in vitro that make BGP-15 an ideal candidate to attenuate both diabetic and non-diabetic vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Nagy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dávid Pethő
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - Béla Juhász
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - György Balla
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szilvássy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt 98, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.G.); (B.J.); (Z.S.)
| | - József Balla
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +36-52-255-500 (ext. 55004)
| | - Tamás Gáll
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (A.N.); (D.P.); (T.G.)
- ELKH-UD Vascular Biology and Myocardial Pathophysiology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
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18
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Park JM, Josan S, Hurd RE, Graham J, Havel PJ, Bendahan D, Mayer D, Chung Y, Spielman DM, Jue T. Hyperpolarized NMR study of the impact of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibition on the pyruvate dehydrogenase and TCA flux in type 2 diabetic rat muscle. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1761-1773. [PMID: 34415396 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02613-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of pyruvate dehydrogenase in mediating lipid-induced insulin resistance stands as a central question in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Many researchers have invoked the Randle hypothesis to explain the reduced glucose disposal in skeletal muscle by envisioning an elevated acetyl CoA pool arising from increased oxidation of fatty acids. Over the years, in vivo NMR studies have challenged that monolithic view. The advent of the dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization NMR technique and a unique type 2 diabetic rat model provides an opportunity to clarify. Dynamic nuclear polarization enhances dramatically the NMR signal sensitivity and allows the measurement of metabolic kinetics in vivo. Diabetic muscle has much lower pyruvate dehydrogenase activity than control muscle, as evidenced in the conversion of [1-13C]lactate and [2-13C]pyruvate to HCO3- and acetyl carnitine. The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase inhibitor, dichloroacetate, restores rapidly the diabetic pyruvate dehydrogenase activity to control level. However, diabetic muscle has a much larger dynamic change in pyruvate dehydrogenase flux than control. The dichloroacetate-induced surge in pyruvate dehydrogenase activity produces a differential amount of acetyl carnitine but does not affect the tricarboxylic acid flux. Further studies can now proceed with the dynamic nuclear polarization approach and a unique rat model to interrogate closely the biochemical mechanism interfacing oxidative metabolism with insulin resistance and metabolic inflexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Mo Park
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sonal Josan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Ralph E Hurd
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Applied Science Laboratory, GE Healthcare, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - James Graham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, 3426 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, 3426 Meyer Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - David Bendahan
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, CRMBM, 13385, Marseille, France
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, 333 Ravenswood Ave., Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland, 22 S. Green St., Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Youngran Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, 4323 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Daniel M Spielman
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Rd., Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Jue
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California-Davis, 4323 Tupper Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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19
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Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs): an overview toward clinical applications. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:228121. [PMID: 33739396 PMCID: PMC8026821 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20204402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) can regulate the catalytic activity of pyruvate decarboxylation oxidation via the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, and it further links glycolysis with the tricarboxylic acid cycle and ATP generation. This review seeks to elucidate the regulation of PDK activity in different species, mainly mammals, and the role of PDK inhibitors in preventing increased blood glucose, reducing injury caused by myocardial ischemia, and inducing apoptosis of tumor cells. Regulations of PDKs expression or activity represent a very promising approach for treatment of metabolic diseases including diabetes, heart failure, and cancer. The future research and development could be more focused on the biochemical understanding of the diseases, which would help understand the cellular energy metabolism and its regulation by pharmacological effectors of PDKs.
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20
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Saed CT, Tabatabaei Dakhili SA, Ussher JR. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase as a Therapeutic Target for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:582-588. [PMID: 33860188 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Excess caloric intake combined with a sedentary lifestyle in the general population has greatly increased the prevalence of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is defined as the accumulation of excess fat in the liver in the absence of alcohol abuse or other attributable causes such as infection with hepatitis C. Furthermore, NAFLD increases the risk for insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular disease, while currently having no approved therapy to counteract its pathology. Thus, increasing efforts to understand the mechanisms responsible for NAFLD have been pursued in preclinical studies, in the hopes of developing novel therapies that can prevent the progression of insulin resistance and/or T2D. The pathology of NAFLD is multifactorial, with proposed mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction to name a few. The latter remains a subject of ongoing debate, but may be attributed to impaired hepatic fatty acid oxidation, thereby increasing the accumulation of triacylglycerol within hepatocytes. More recent studies have also demonstrated that the mitochondrial dysfunction in NAFLD may also encompass impairments in glucose oxidation, despite oxidative energy production having minimal contribution to overall glucose/pyruvate metabolism in the liver. Accordingly, strategies to reverse this defect in glucose oxidation can ameliorate hepatic steatosis and improve glucose homeostasis. We will review herein the evidence supporting impaired hepatic glucose oxidation as a mechanism of NAFLD, while discussing the validity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), the rate-limiting enzyme of glucose oxidation, as a potential target for NAFLD. In addition, we will discuss potential mechanisms of action by which increased hepatic PDH activity and subsequent glucose oxidation can reverse the pathology of obesity-induced NAFLD, as well as opportunities to target this pathway with clinical agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina T Saed
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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21
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Sun Y, Ding S. ER-Mitochondria Contacts and Insulin Resistance Modulation through Exercise Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249587. [PMID: 33339212 PMCID: PMC7765572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) makes physical contacts with mitochondria at specific sites, and the hubs between the two organelles are called mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs). MAMs are known to play key roles in biological processes, such as intracellular Ca2+ regulation, lipid trafficking, and metabolism, as well as cell death, etc. Studies demonstrated that dysregulation of MAMs significantly contributed to insulin resistance. Alterations of MAMs’ juxtaposition and integrity, impaired expressions of insulin signaling molecules, disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis, and compromised metabolic flexibility are all actively involved in the above processes. In addition, exercise training is considered as an effective stimulus to ameliorate insulin resistance. Although the underlying mechanisms for exercise-induced improvement in insulin resistance are not fully understood, MAMs may be critical for the beneficial effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Shuzhe Ding
- Key Laboratory of Adolescent Health Assessment and Exercise Intervention of Ministry of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Correspondence:
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22
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RNA-sequencing analysis reveals the potential contribution of lncRNAs in palmitic acid-induced insulin resistance of skeletal muscle cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:221488. [PMID: 31833538 PMCID: PMC6944669 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) has been considered as the common pathological basis and developmental driving force for most metabolic diseases. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the comprehensive profile of lncRNAs in skeletal muscle cells under the insulin resistant status and the possible biological effects of them were not fully studied. In this research, using C2C12 myotubes as cell models in vitro, deep RNA-sequencing was performed to profile lncRNAs and mRNAs between palmitic acid-induced IR C2C12 myotubes and control ones. The results revealed that a total of 144 lncRNAs including 70 up-regulated and 74 down-regulated (|fold change| > 2, q < 0.05) were significantly differentially expressed in palmitic acid-induced insulin resistant cells. In addition, functional annotation analysis based on the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) databases revealed that the target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs were significantly enriched in fatty acid oxidation, lipid oxidation, PPAR signaling pathway, and insulin signaling pathway. Moreover, Via qPCR, most of selected lncRNAs in myotubes and db/db mice skeletal muscle showed the consistent expression trends with RNA-sequencing. Co-expression analysis also explicated the key lncRNA–mRNA interactions and pointed out a potential regulatory network of candidate lncRNA ENSMUST00000160839. In conclusion, the present study extended the skeletal muscle lncRNA database and provided novel potential regulators for future genetic and molecular studies on insulin resistance, which is helpful for prevention and treatment of the related metabolic diseases.
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23
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Sharma N, Arora S, Saurav S, Motiani RK. Pathophysiological significance of calcium signaling at Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membranes (MAMs). CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Jeon JH, Thoudam T, Choi EJ, Kim MJ, Harris RA, Lee IK. Loss of metabolic flexibility as a result of overexpression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases in muscle, liver and the immune system: Therapeutic targets in metabolic diseases. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 12:21-31. [PMID: 32628351 PMCID: PMC7779278 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Good health depends on the maintenance of metabolic flexibility, which in turn is dependent on the maintenance of regulatory flexibility of a large number of regulatory enzymes, but especially the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC), because of its central role in carbohydrate metabolism. Flexibility in regulation of PDC is dependent on rapid changes in the phosphorylation state of PDC determined by the relative activities of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) and the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases. Inactivation of the PDC by overexpression of PDK4 contributes to hyperglycemia, and therefore the serious health problems associated with diabetes. Loss of regulatory flexibility of PDC occurs in other disease states and pathological conditions that have received less attention than diabetes. These include cancers, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer‐induced cachexia, diabetes‐induced nephropathy, sepsis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Overexpression of PDK4, and in some situations, the other PDKs, as well as under expression of the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases, leads to inactivation of the PDC, mitochondrial dysfunction and deleterious effects with health consequences. The possible basis for this phenomenon, along with evidence that overexpression of PDK4 results in phosphorylation of “off‐target” proteins and promotes excessive transport of Ca2+ into mitochondria through mitochondria‐associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes are discussed. Recent efforts to find small molecule PDK inhibitors with therapeutic potential are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Themis Thoudam
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.,Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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25
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Biswas D, Dao KT, Mercer A, Cowie AM, Duffley L, El Hiani Y, Kienesberger PC, Pulinilkunnil T. Branched-chain ketoacid overload inhibits insulin action in the muscle. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:15597-15621. [PMID: 32878988 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched-chain α-keto acids (BCKAs) are catabolites of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs). Intracellular BCKAs are cleared by branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), which is sensitive to inhibitory phosphorylation by BCKD kinase (BCKDK). Accumulation of BCKAs is an indicator of defective BCAA catabolism and has been correlated with glucose intolerance and cardiac dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether BCKAs directly alter insulin signaling and function in the skeletal and cardiac muscle cell. Furthermore, the role of excess fatty acids (FAs) in perturbing BCAA catabolism and BCKA availability merits investigation. By using immunoblotting and ultra-performance liquid chromatography MS/MS to analyze the hearts of fasted mice, we observed decreased BCAA-catabolizing enzyme expression and increased circulating BCKAs, but not BCAAs. In mice subjected to diet-induced obesity (DIO), we observed similar increases in circulating BCKAs with concomitant changes in BCAA-catabolizing enzyme expression only in the skeletal muscle. Effects of DIO were recapitulated by simulating lipotoxicity in skeletal muscle cells treated with saturated FA, palmitate. Exposure of muscle cells to high concentrations of BCKAs resulted in inhibition of insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation, decreased glucose uptake, and mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Altering intracellular clearance of BCKAs by genetic modulation of BCKDK and BCKDHA expression showed similar effects on AKT phosphorylation. BCKAs increased protein translation and mTORC1 activation. Pretreating cells with mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin restored BCKA's effect on insulin-induced AKT phosphorylation. This study provides evidence for FA-mediated regulation of BCAA-catabolizing enzymes and BCKA content and highlights the biological role of BCKAs in regulating muscle insulin signaling and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipsikha Biswas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Khoi T Dao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Angella Mercer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Andrew M Cowie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Luke Duffley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Petra C Kienesberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada.
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26
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Al Batran R, Gopal K, Capozzi ME, Chahade JJ, Saleme B, Tabatabaei-Dakhili SA, Greenwell AA, Niu J, Almutairi M, Byrne NJ, Masson G, Kim R, Eaton F, Mulvihill EE, Garneau L, Masters AR, Desta Z, Velázquez-Martínez CA, Aguer C, Crawford PA, Sutendra G, Campbell JE, Dyck JRB, Ussher JR. Pimozide Alleviates Hyperglycemia in Diet-Induced Obesity by Inhibiting Skeletal Muscle Ketone Oxidation. Cell Metab 2020; 31:909-919.e8. [PMID: 32275862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Perturbations in carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism contribute to obesity-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D), though whether alterations in ketone body metabolism influence T2D pathology is unknown. We report here that activity of the rate-limiting enzyme for ketone body oxidation, succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-CoA transferase (SCOT/Oxct1), is increased in muscles of obese mice. We also found that the diphenylbutylpiperidine pimozide, which is approved to suppress tics in individuals with Tourette syndrome, is a SCOT antagonist. Pimozide treatment reversed obesity-induced hyperglycemia in mice, which was phenocopied in mice with muscle-specific Oxct1/SCOT deficiency. These actions were dependent on pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH/Pdha1) activity, the rate-limiting enzyme of glucose oxidation, as pimozide failed to alleviate hyperglycemia in obese mice with a muscle-specific Pdha1/PDH deficiency. This work defines a fundamental contribution of enhanced ketone body oxidation to the pathology of obesity-induced T2D, while suggesting pharmacological SCOT inhibition as a new class of anti-diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami Al Batran
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Keshav Gopal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Megan E Capozzi
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jadin J Chahade
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bruno Saleme
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Amanda A Greenwell
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jingjing Niu
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Malak Almutairi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Nikole J Byrne
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Grant Masson
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ryekjang Kim
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Farah Eaton
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Erin E Mulvihill
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Léa Garneau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea R Masters
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Zeruesenay Desta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Céline Aguer
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology & Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON, Canada; School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Peter A Crawford
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jason R B Dyck
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John R Ussher
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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27
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Allerton TD, Kowalski G, Hang H, Stephens J. Dynamic Glucose Disposal is Driven by Reduced Endogenous Glucose Production in Response to Voluntary Wheel Running: A Stable Isotope Approach. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E2-E10. [PMID: 32343613 PMCID: PMC7468781 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00450.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To resolve both the systems level and molecular mechanisms responsible for exercise induced improvements in glucose tolerance, we sought to test the effect of voluntary wheel running exercise on postprandial glucose dynamics. We utilized a stable isotope labeled oral glucose tolerance test (SI-OGTT) incorporating complimentary deuterium glucose tracers at 1:1 ratio (2-2H-glucose and 6-6 2H-glucose; 2g/kg lean body mass) to distinguish between endogenous glucose production (EGP) and whole-body glucose disposal. SI-OGTT was performed in C57BL/6J mice after 8 weeks on a high fat diet (45% fat). Mice were then randomized to either a wheel running cage (n=13, HFD Ex) or normal cage (n=13, HFD Sed) while maintaining the HFD for 4 weeks prior to performing a SI-OGTT. HFD Ex mice demonstrated improvements in whole blood glucose total AUC that was attributed primarily to a reduction in EGP AUC. Serum insulin levels measured at 0 and 15-minutes post glucose gavage were significantly elevated in the HFD Sed mice, whereas HFD Ex mice demonstrated the expected reduction in insulin at both time points. Overall, exercise improved hepatic insulin sensitivity by reducing postprandial EGP, but also increased whole-body glucose disposal. Finally, these results demonstrate the benefits of exercise on hepatic insulin sensitivity by combining a more physiological route of glucose administration (oral glucose) with the resolution of stable isotope tracers. These novel observations clearly demonstrate that SI-OGTT is a sensitive and cost-effective method to measure exercise adaptations in obese mice with as little as 2 µl of tail blood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Greg Kowalski
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Hardy Hang
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge LA, United States
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28
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Burdick J, Sun Z. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4: A Key Mediator for Metabolic Regulation of Liver Regeneration. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:475-477. [PMID: 32258943 PMCID: PMC7109337 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Burdick
- Department of SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Zhaoli Sun
- Department of SurgeryJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
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29
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Alogaili F, Chinnarasu S, Jaeschke A, Kranias EG, Hui DY. Hepatic HAX-1 inactivation prevents metabolic diseases by enhancing mitochondrial activity and bile salt export. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:4631-4646. [PMID: 32079675 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing hepatic mitochondrial activity through pyruvate dehydrogenase and elevating enterohepatic bile acid recirculation are promising new approaches for metabolic disease therapy, but neither approach alone can completely ameliorate disease phenotype in high-fat diet-fed mice. This study showed that diet-induced hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance can be completely prevented in mice with liver-specific HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (HAX-1) inactivation. Mechanistically, we showed that HAX-1 interacts with inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor-1 (InsP3R1) in the liver, and its absence reduces InsP3R1 levels, thereby improving endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium homeostasis to prevent excess calcium overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. As a result, HAX-1 ablation activates pyruvate dehydrogenase and increases mitochondria utilization of glucose and fatty acids to prevent hepatosteatosis, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. In contrast to the reduction of InsP3R1 levels, hepatic HAX-1 deficiency increases bile salt exporter protein levels, thereby promoting enterohepatic bile acid recirculation, leading to activation of bile acid-responsive genes in the intestinal ileum to augment insulin sensitivity and of cholesterol transport genes in the liver to suppress hyperlipidemia. The dual mechanisms of increased mitochondrial respiration and enterohepatic bile acid recirculation due to improvement of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria calcium homeostasis with hepatic HAX-1 inactivation suggest that this may be a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzi Alogaili
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237.,Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - Sivaprakasam Chinnarasu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
| | - Anja Jaeschke
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
| | - Evangelia G Kranias
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267
| | - David Y Hui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Metabolic Diseases Research Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45237
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30
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Zhao Y, Tran M, Wang L, Shin DJ, Wu J. PDK4-Deficiency Reprograms Intrahepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism to Facilitate Liver Regeneration in Mice. Hepatol Commun 2020; 4:504-517. [PMID: 32258946 PMCID: PMC7109344 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration requires intrahepatic and extrahepatic metabolic reprogramming to meet the high hepatic bioenergy demand for liver cell repopulation. This study aims to elucidate how pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), a critical regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, coordinates metabolic regulation with efficient liver growth. We found that hepatic Pdk4 expression was elevated after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PHx). In Pdk4 -/- PHx mice, the liver/body weight ratio was more rapidly restored, accompanied by more aggressive hepatic DNA replication; however, Pdk4 -/- mice developed more severe hypoglycemia. In Pdk4 -/- PHx livers, the pro-regenerative insulin signaling was potentiated, as demonstrated by early peaking of the phosphorylation of insulin receptor, more remarkable induction of the insulin receptor substrate proteins, IRS1 and IRS2, and more striking activation of Akt. The hepatic up-regulation of CD36 contributed to the enhanced transient regeneration-associated steatosis in Pdk4 -/- PHx mice. Notably, CD36 overexpression in mice promoted the recovery of liver/body weight ratio and elevated intrahepatic adenosine triphosphate after PHx. CD36 expression was transcriptionally suppressed by FOXO1 (forkhead box protein O1), which was stabilized and translocated to the nucleus following AMPK (adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase) activation. PHx remarkably induced AMPK activation, which became incompetent to respond in Pdk4 -/- livers. Moreover, we defined that PDK4-regulated AMPK activation directly depended on intracellular adenosine monophosphate in vitro and in regenerative livers. Conclusion: PDK4 inhibition reprograms glucose and lipid metabolism to promote liver regeneration by enhancing hepatic insulin/Akt signaling and activating an AMPK/FOXO1/CD36 regulatory axis of lipid. These findings may lead to potential therapeutic strategies to prevent hepatic insufficiency and liver failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Melanie Tran
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine Section of Digestive Diseases Yale University New Haven CT
| | - Dong-Ju Shin
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
| | - Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology & Neurobiology University of Connecticut Storrs CT
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31
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Duan L, Ramachandran A, Akakpo JY, Woolbright BL, Zhang Y, Jaeschke H. Mice deficient in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 are protected against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 387:114849. [PMID: 31809757 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Though mitochondrial oxidant stress plays a critical role in the progression of acetaminophen (APAP) overdose-induced liver damage, the influence of mitochondrial bioenergetics on this is not well characterized. This is important, since lifestyle and diet alter hepatic mitochondrial bioenergetics and an understanding of its effects on APAP-induced liver injury is clinically relevant. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is critical to mitochondrial bioenergetics, since it controls the rate of generation of reducing equivalents driving respiration, and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) regulates (inhibits) PDH by phosphorylation. We examined APAP-induced liver injury in PDK4-deficient (PDK4-/-) mice, which would have constitutively active PDH and hence elevated flux through the mitochondrial electron transport chain. PDK4-/- mice showed significant protection against APAP-induced liver injury when compared to wild type (WT) mice as measured by ALT levels and histology. Deficiency of PDK4 did not alter APAP metabolism, with similar APAP-adduct levels in PDK4-/- and WT mice, and no difference in JNK activation and translocation to mitochondria. However, subsequent amplification of mitochondrial dysfunction with release of mitochondrial AIF, peroxynitrite formation and DNA fragmentation were prevented. Interestingly, APAP induced a rapid decline in UCP2 protein levels in PDK4-deficient mice. These data suggest that adaptive changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics induced by enhanced respiratory chain flux in PDK4-/- mice render them highly efficient in handling APAP-induced oxidant stress, probably through modulation of UCP2 levels. Further investigation of these specific adaptive mechanisms would provide better insight into the control exerted by mitochondrial bioenergetics on cellular responses to an APAP overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqi Duan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Anup Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jephte Y Akakpo
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Benjamin L Woolbright
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics and Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
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Real-time hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance detects increased pyruvate oxidation in pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2/4-double knockout mouse livers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16480. [PMID: 31712597 PMCID: PMC6848094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52952-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH) critically regulates carbohydrate metabolism. Phosphorylation of PDH by one of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases 1-4 (PDK1-4) decreases the flux of carbohydrates into the TCA cycle. Inhibition of PDKs increases oxidative metabolism of carbohydrates, so targeting PDKs has emerged as an important therapeutic approach to manage various metabolic diseases. Therefore, it is highly desirable to begin to establish imaging tools for noninvasive measurements of PDH flux in rodent models. In this study, we used hyperpolarized (HP) 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the impact of a PDK2/PDK4 double knockout (DKO) on pyruvate metabolism in perfused livers from lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice and validated the HP observations with high-resolution 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of tissue extracts and steady-state isotopomer analyses. We observed that PDK-deficient livers produce more HP-bicarbonate from HP-[1-13C]pyruvate than age-matched control livers. A steady-state 13C-NMR isotopomer analysis of tissue extracts confirmed that flux rates through PDH, as well as pyruvate carboxylase and pyruvate cycling activities, are significantly higher in PDK-deficient livers. Immunoblotting experiments confirmed that HP-bicarbonate production from HP-[1-13C]pyruvate parallels decreased phosphorylation of the PDH E1α subunit (pE1α) in liver tissue. Our findings indicate that combining real-time hyperpolarized 13C NMR spectroscopy and 13C isotopomer analysis provides quantitative insights into intermediary metabolism in PDK-knockout mice. We propose that this method will be useful in assessing metabolic disease states and developing therapies to improve PDH flux.
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Emerging role of the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor gamma in liver metabolic diseases. LIVER RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Min BK, Park S, Kang HJ, Kim DW, Ham HJ, Ha CM, Choi BJ, Lee JY, Oh CJ, Yoo EK, Kim HE, Kim BG, Jeon JH, Hyeon DY, Hwang D, Kim YH, Lee CH, Lee T, Kim JW, Choi YK, Park KG, Chawla A, Lee J, Harris RA, Lee IK. Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase Is a Metabolic Checkpoint for Polarization of Macrophages to the M1 Phenotype. Front Immunol 2019; 10:944. [PMID: 31134063 PMCID: PMC6514528 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming during macrophage polarization supports the effector functions of these cells in health and disease. Here, we demonstrate that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), which inhibits the pyruvate dehydrogenase-mediated conversion of cytosolic pyruvate to mitochondrial acetyl-CoA, functions as a metabolic checkpoint in M1 macrophages. Polarization was not prevented by PDK2 or PDK4 deletion but was fully prevented by the combined deletion of PDK2 and PDK4; this lack of polarization was correlated with improved mitochondrial respiration and rewiring of metabolic breaks that are characterized by increased glycolytic intermediates and reduced metabolites in the TCA cycle. Genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of PDK2/4 prevents polarization of macrophages to the M1 phenotype in response to inflammatory stimuli (lipopolysaccharide plus IFN-γ). Transplantation of PDK2/4-deficient bone marrow into irradiated wild-type mice to produce mice with PDK2/4-deficient myeloid cells prevented M1 polarization, reduced obesity-associated insulin resistance, and ameliorated adipose tissue inflammation. A novel, pharmacological PDK inhibitor, KPLH1130, improved high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance; this was correlated with a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory markers and improved mitochondrial function. These studies identify PDK2/4 as a metabolic checkpoint for M1 phenotype polarization of macrophages, which could potentially be exploited as a novel therapeutic target for obesity-associated metabolic disorders and other inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byong-Keol Min
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Sungmi Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Ji Kang
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hye Jin Ham
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Jun Choi
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung Yi Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chang Joo Oh
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hui Eon Kim
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Byung-Gyu Kim
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Do Young Hyeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jung-whan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ajay Chawla
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jongsoon Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science, Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Programs, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
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Khan MW, Priyadarshini M, Cordoba-Chacon J, Becker TC, Layden BT. Hepatic hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1) improves whole body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in pregnant mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:678-687. [PMID: 30543855 PMCID: PMC6387585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Hexokinase domain containing 1, a recently discovered putative fifth hexokinase, is hypothesized to play key roles in glucose metabolism. Specifically, during pregnancy in a recent genome wide association study (GWAS), a strong correlation between HKDC1 and 2-h plasma glucose in pregnant women from different ethnic backgrounds was shown. Our earlier work also reported diminished glucose tolerance during pregnancy in our whole body HKDC1 heterozygous mice. Therefore, we hypothesized that HKDC1 plays important roles in gestational metabolism, and designed this study to assess the role of hepatic HKDC1 in whole body glucose utilization and insulin action during pregnancy. We overexpressed human HKDC1 in mouse liver by injecting a human HKDC1 adenoviral construct; whereas, for the liver-specific HKDC1 knockout model, we used AAV-Cre constructs in our HKDC1fl/fl mice. Both groups of mice were subjected to metabolic testing before and during pregnancy on gestation day 17-18. Our results indicate that hepatic HKDC1 overexpression during pregnancy leads to improved whole-body glucose tolerance and enhanced hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivity while hepatic HKDC1 knockout results in diminished glucose tolerance. Further, we observed reduced gluconeogenesis with hepatic HKDC1 overexpression while HKDC1 knockout led to increased gluconeogenesis. These changes were associated with significantly enhanced ketone body production in HKDC1 overexpressing mice, indicating that these mice shift their metabolic needs from glucose reliance to greater fat oxidation and ketone utilization during fasting. Taken together, our results indicate that hepatic HKDC1 contributes to whole body glucose disposal, insulin sensitivity, and aspects of nutrient balance during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Wasim Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Medha Priyadarshini
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jose Cordoba-Chacon
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas C Becker
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian T Layden
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Thoudam T, Ha CM, Leem J, Chanda D, Park JS, Kim HJ, Jeon JH, Choi YK, Liangpunsakul S, Huh YH, Kwon TH, Park KG, Harris RA, Park KS, Rhee HW, Lee IK. PDK4 Augments ER-Mitochondria Contact to Dampen Skeletal Muscle Insulin Signaling During Obesity. Diabetes 2019; 68:571-586. [PMID: 30523025 PMCID: PMC6385748 DOI: 10.2337/db18-0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) is a structural link between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). MAM regulates Ca2+ transport from the ER to mitochondria via an IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex-dependent mechanism. Excessive MAM formation may cause mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the exact implication of MAM formation in metabolic syndromes remains debatable. Here, we demonstrate that PDK4 interacts with and stabilizes the IP3R1-GRP75-VDAC1 complex at the MAM interface. Obesity-induced increase in PDK4 activity augments MAM formation and suppresses insulin signaling. Conversely, PDK4 inhibition dampens MAM formation and improves insulin signaling by preventing MAM-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ER stress. Furthermore, Pdk4-/- mice exhibit reduced MAM formation and are protected against diet-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Finally, forced formation and stabilization of MAMs with synthetic ER-mitochondria linker prevented the beneficial effects of PDK4 deficiency on insulin signaling. Overall, our findings demonstrate a critical mediatory role of PDK4 in the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance via enhancement of MAM formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis Thoudam
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Myeong Ha
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dipanjan Chanda
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jeong Kim
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Suthat Liangpunsakul
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yang Hoon Huh
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Science, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Lifestyle Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Gangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-Edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Lee D, Pagire HS, Pagire SH, Bae EJ, Dighe M, Kim M, Lee KM, Jang YK, Jaladi AK, Jung KY, Yoo EK, Gim HE, Lee S, Choi WI, Chi YI, Song JS, Bae MA, Jeon YH, Lee GH, Liu KH, Lee T, Park S, Jeon JH, Lee IK, Ahn JH. Discovery of Novel Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Inhibitors for Potential Oral Treatment of Metabolic Diseases. J Med Chem 2019; 62:575-588. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahye Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Haushabhau S. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Suvarna H. Pagire
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh Dighe
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Minhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Myung Lee
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jang
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashok Kumar Jaladi
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Young Jung
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Eon Gim
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmi Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Choi
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-In Chi
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Sook Song
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Bio & Drug Discovery Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyeon Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmi Park
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41404, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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Li TT, Tan TB, Hou HQ, Zhao XY. Changes in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha target gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:256. [PMID: 30428868 PMCID: PMC6236948 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0901-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify differences in the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) target genes in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among Chinese individuals. Methods Thirty healthy subjects were selected as the control group (CN), and 43 patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD were subdivided into two groups, non-obese group (NF, n = 21) and obese group (OF, n = 22). Expression of PPARα and its target genes was determined in PBMCs. The levels of liver cell damage markers, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), glucose, and insulin were determined in serum. Results Compared to the CN group, the blood pressure and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were increased in the other groups (P < 0.05), while the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and liver cell damage markers were significantly increased in the OF group (P < 0.05). In the OF group, PPARα target gene expression was 2.03–3.31 times higher than that in the CN group, and a negative correlation was found between PPARα target gene expression and abdominal circumference (AC), body mass index (BMI), diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Additionally, solute carrier family 25 (carnitine/acylcarnitine translocase) member 20 (SLC25A20) and acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase 2 long chain (ACADVL) were negatively correlated with HOMA-IR; PPARα, acetyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase 2 (ACAA2), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) were positively correlated with HOMA-IR. Conclusion There is an up-expression of PPARα target genes in the PBMCs of NAFLD patients, possibly leading to changes in β-oxidation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian Li
- Medical Experimental Center of Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Tian Bi Tan
- Dynacare, 150 Montreal Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Hai Qing Hou
- Clinical Lab of Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China
| | - Xiao Yun Zhao
- Clinical Lab of Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Shandong University, Qingdao, 266035, China. .,Qingdao Key Lab of Mitochondrial medicine, Hefei Road No 758, Qingdao, 266035, China.
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Svensson K, Dent JR, Tahvilian S, Martins VF, Sathe A, Ochala J, Patel MS, Schenk S. Defining the contribution of skeletal muscle pyruvate dehydrogenase α1 to exercise performance and insulin action. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1034-E1045. [PMID: 30153068 PMCID: PMC6293170 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00241.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and is an important control point for carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation. However, the importance of the PDC and CHO oxidation to muscle metabolism and exercise performance, particularly during prolonged or high-intensity exercise, has not been fully defined especially in mature skeletal muscle. To this end, we determined whether skeletal muscle-specific loss of pyruvate dehydrogenase alpha 1 ( Pdha1), which is a critical subunit of the PDC, impacts resting energy metabolism, exercise performance, or metabolic adaptation to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. For this, we generated a tamoxifen (TMX)-inducible Pdha1 knockout (PDHmKO) mouse, in which PDC activity is temporally and specifically ablated in adult skeletal muscle. We assessed energy expenditure, ex vivo muscle contractile performance, and endurance exercise capacity in PDHmKO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates. Additionally, we studied glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in muscle after 12 wk of HFD feeding. TMX administration largely ablated PDHα in skeletal muscle of adult PDHmKO mice but did not impact energy expenditure, muscle contractile function, or low-intensity exercise performance. Additionally, there were no differences in muscle insulin sensitivity or body composition in PDHmKO mice fed a control or HFD, as compared with WT mice. However, exercise capacity during high-intensity exercise was severely impaired in PDHmKO mice, in parallel with a large increase in plasma lactate concentration. In conclusion, although skeletal muscle PDC is not a major contributor to resting energy expenditure or long-duration, low-intensity exercise performance, it is necessary for optimal performance during high-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Svensson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Jessica R Dent
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Shahriar Tahvilian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Vitor F Martins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Abha Sathe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
| | - Julien Ochala
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Mulchand S Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, New York
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, California
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Park BY, Jeon JH, Go Y, Ham HJ, Kim JE, Yoo EK, Kwon WH, Jeoung NH, Jeon YH, Koo SH, Kim BG, He L, Park KG, Harris RA, Lee IK. PDK4 Deficiency Suppresses Hepatic Glucagon Signaling by Decreasing cAMP Levels. Diabetes 2018; 67:2054-2068. [PMID: 30065033 PMCID: PMC6463749 DOI: 10.2337/db17-1529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In fasting or diabetes, gluconeogenic genes are transcriptionally activated by glucagon stimulation of the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA)-CREB signaling pathway. Previous work showed pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibition in skeletal muscle increases pyruvate oxidation, which limits the availability of gluconeogenic substrates in the liver. However, this study found upregulation of hepatic PDK4 promoted glucagon-mediated expression of gluconeogenic genes, whereas knockdown or inhibition of hepatic PDK4 caused the opposite effect on gluconeogenic gene expression and decreased hepatic glucose production. Mechanistically, PDK4 deficiency decreased ATP levels, thus increasing phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), which increased p-AMPK-sensitive phosphorylation of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 4B (p-PDE4B). This reduced cAMP levels and consequently p-CREB. Metabolic flux analysis showed that the reduction in ATP was a consequence of a diminished rate of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). However, overexpression of PDK4 increased FAO and increased ATP levels, which decreased p-AMPK and p-PDE4B and allowed greater accumulation of cAMP and p-CREB. The latter were abrogated by the FAO inhibitor etomoxir, suggesting a critical role for PDK4 in FAO stimulation and the regulation of cAMP levels. This finding strengthens the possibility of PDK4 as a target against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Yoon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghoon Go
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Ham
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kim
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Yoo
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Hee Kwon
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Ho Jeoung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jeon
- Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gyu Kim
- Center for Genomic Integrity, Institute for Basic Science, UNIST, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical School, Baltimore, MD
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
- Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development for Diabetes and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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41
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Wu J, Zhao Y, Park YK, Lee JY, Gao L, Zhao J, Wang L. Loss of PDK4 switches the hepatic NF-κB/TNF pathway from pro-survival to pro-apoptosis. Hepatology 2018; 68:1111-1124. [PMID: 29603325 PMCID: PMC6165716 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It has been established that nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) members promote survival by upregulating antiapoptotic genes and that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB is required for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced hepatocyte apoptosis. In this study, we demonstrate that this pro-survival pathway is switched to pro-apoptosis under pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4)-deficient conditions. PDK4-deficiency triggered hepatic apoptosis concomitantly with increased numbers of aberrant mitochondria, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, sustained c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) activation, and reduction of glutathione (GSH). Interestingly, PDK4 retained p65 in cytoplasm via a direct protein-protein interaction. Disruption of PDK4-p65 association promoted p65 nuclear translocation. This, in turn, facilitated p65 binding to the TNF promoter to activate TNF-TNFR1 apoptotic pathway. Pdk4-/- livers were sensitized to Jo2 and D-(+)-Galactosamine /Lipopolysaccharide (GalN/LPS)-mediated apoptotic injury which was prevented by the inhibition of p65 or TNFR1. The pro-survival activity of TNF was shifted, which was switched to a pro-apoptotic activity in Pdk4-/- hepatocytes as a result of impaired activation of pro-survival NF-κB targets. Conclusion: PDK4 is indispensable to dictate the fate of TNF/NF-κB-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis. (Hepatology 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Wu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Corresponding author: Jianguo Wu (), 75 North Eagleville Rd., U3156, Storrs, CT 06269. Tel: 860-486-0857; Fax: 860-486-3303
| | - Yulan Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Young-Ki Park
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ji-Young Lee
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China,Institute of Endocrinology and metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520
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Small L, Brandon AE, Quek LE, Krycer JR, James DE, Turner N, Cooney GJ. Acute activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase increases glucose oxidation in muscle without changing glucose uptake. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E258-E266. [PMID: 29406780 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00386.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity is a key component of the glucose/fatty acid cycle hypothesis for the regulation of glucose uptake and metabolism. We have investigated whether acute activation of PDH in muscle can alleviate the insulin resistance caused by feeding animals a high-fat diet (HFD). The importance of PDH activity in muscle glucose disposal under insulin-stimulated conditions was determined by infusing the PDH kinase inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) into HFD-fed Wistar rats during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Acute DCA infusion did not alter glucose infusion rate, glucose disappearance, or hepatic glucose production but did decrease plasma lactate levels. DCA substantially increased muscle PDH activity; however, this did not improve insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in insulin-resistant muscle of HFD rats. DCA infusion increased the flux of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and reduced glucose incorporation into glycogen and alanine in muscle. Similarly, in isolated muscle, DCA treatment increased glucose oxidation and decreased glycogen synthesis without changing glucose uptake. These results suggest that, although PDH activity controls the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA for oxidation, this has little effect on glucose uptake into muscle under insulin-stimulated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewin Small
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Amanda E Brandon
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
- School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Lake-Ee Quek
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre , New South Wales , Australia
| | - James R Krycer
- School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre , New South Wales , Australia
| | - David E James
- School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre , New South Wales , Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Science, University of New South Wales , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
| | - Gregory J Cooney
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute , Sydney, New South Wales , Australia
- School of Medical Science, The University of Sydney, Charles Perkins Centre , New South Wales , Australia
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Wu CY, Tso SC, Chuang JL, Gui WJ, Lou M, Sharma G, Khemtong C, Qi X, Wynn RM, Chuang DT. Targeting hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases restores insulin signaling and mitigates ChREBP-mediated lipogenesis in diet-induced obese mice. Mol Metab 2018; 12:12-24. [PMID: 29656110 PMCID: PMC6001905 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases 1–4 (PDKs1–4) negatively regulate activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by reversible phosphorylation. PDKs play a pivotal role in maintaining energy homeostasis and contribute to metabolic flexibility by attenuating PDC activity in various mammalian tissues. Cumulative evidence has shown that the up-regulation of PDK4 expression is tightly associated with obesity and diabetes. In this investigation, we test the central hypothesis that PDKs1-4 are a pharmacological target for lowering glucose levels and restoring insulin sensitivity in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated with a liver-specific pan-PDK inhibitor 2-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) sulfonyl]isoindoline-4,6-diol (PS10) for four weeks, and results compared with PDK2/PDK4 double knockout (DKO) mice on the same high fat diet (HFD). Results Both PS10-treated DIO mice and HFD-fed DKO mice showed significantly improved glucose, insulin and pyruvate tolerance, compared to DIO controls, with lower plasma insulin levels and increased insulin signaling in liver. In response to lower glucose levels, phosphorylated AMPK in PS10-treated DIO and HFD-fed DKO mice is upregulated, accompanied by decreased nuclear carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChREBP). The reduced ChREBP signaling correlates with down-regulation of hepatic lipogenic enzymes (ACC1, FAS, and SCD1), leading to markedly diminished hepatic steatosis in both study groups, with lower circulating cholesterol and triacylglyceride levels as well as reduced fat mass. PS10-treated DIO as well as DKO mice showed predominant fatty acid over glucose oxidation. However, unlike systemic DKO mice, increased hepatic PDC activity alone in PS10-treated DIO mice does not raise the plasma total ketone body level. Conclusion Our findings establish that specific targeting of hepatic PDKs with the PDK inhibitor PS10 is an effective therapeutic approach to maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis in obesity and T2D, without the harmful ketoacidosis associated with systemic inhibition of PDKs. Diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were treated with a novel liver-specific pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor PS10. PS10-treated DIO mice and PDK2/PDK4-DKO mice fed indentical HFD showed improved glucose, insulin and pyruvate tolerance. PS10-treated DIO and untreated DKO mice manifest reduced hepatic steatosis and attenuation of ChREBP-mediated lipogenesis. Unlike DKO mice, targeting hepatic PDK alone in DIO mice with PS10 does not increase total plasma ketone-body levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shih-Chia Tso
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jacinta L Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wen-Jun Gui
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mingliang Lou
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chalermchai Khemtong
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- Chemistry Center, National Institute of Biological Science, Beijing, China; Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R Max Wynn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - David T Chuang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Kim JH, Park SJ, Chae U, Seong J, Lee HS, Lee SR, Lee S, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin 2 mediates insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscles through regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatase oxidation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 99:80-90. [PMID: 29605633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Insulin signaling is essential for regulating glucose homeostasis. Numerous studies have demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) affect insulin signaling, and low ROS levels can act as a signal to regulate cellular function. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are highly abundant and widely expressed antioxidant enzymes. However, it is unclear whether antioxidant enzymes, such as Prx2, mediate insulin signaling. The aim of our study was to investigate the influence of Prx2 deficiency on insulin signaling. Our western blot results showed that Prx2 deficiency enhanced insulin signaling and increased oxidation of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) treated with insulin. In addition, we assessed ROS levels with a Cytosol-HyPer H2O2 sensor. As a result, increased ROS levels and Akt activation were decreased by N-acetyl-cysteine (Nac), which acted as an antioxidant in Prx2-deficient MEFs. Body weight measurements and glucose tolerance test (GTT) revealed significant body weight reduction and increase in glucose clearance in Prx2-/- mice fed a high-fat diet. Interestingly, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) was significantly higher in Prx2-/- mice than in wild-type mice according to western blotting results. Western blotting also revealed that Akt phosphorylation was higher in Prx2-/- MEFs and muscle tissue than in wild-type. Together, our findings indicate that increased ROS due to Prx2 deficiency promotes insulin sensitivity and glucose clearance in skeletal muscles by increasing protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPs) oxidation. These results provide novel insights into the fundamental mechanisms of insulin signaling induced by Prx2 deficiency and suggest that ROS-based therapeutic strategies can be used to suppress insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hak Kim
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Division of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Sun-Ji Park
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Renal Division, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Unbin Chae
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joongbae Seong
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungcheongbuk-do, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Animal Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Jeollabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Xu S, Tao J, Yang L, Zhang E, Boriboun C, Zhou J, Sun T, Cheng M, Huang K, Shi J, Dong N, Liu Q, Zhao TC, Qiu H, Harris RA, Chandel NS, Losordo DW, Qin G. E2F1 Suppresses Oxidative Metabolism and Endothelial Differentiation of Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells. Circ Res 2018; 122:701-711. [PMID: 29358228 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.117.311814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The majority of current cardiovascular cell therapy trials use bone marrow progenitor cells (BM PCs) and achieve only modest efficacy; the limited potential of these cells to differentiate into endothelial-lineage cells is one of the major barriers to the success of this promising therapy. We have previously reported that the E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) is a repressor of revascularization after ischemic injury. OBJECTIVE We sought to define the role of E2F1 in the regulation of BM PC function. METHODS AND RESULTS Ablation of E2F1 (E2F1 deficient) in mouse BM PCs increases oxidative metabolism and reduces lactate production, resulting in enhanced endothelial differentiation. The metabolic switch in E2F1-deficient BM PCs is mediated by a reduction in the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2; overexpression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 reverses the enhancement of oxidative metabolism and endothelial differentiation. Deletion of E2F1 in the BM increases the amount of PC-derived endothelial cells in the ischemic myocardium, enhances vascular growth, reduces infarct size, and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a novel mechanism by which E2F1 mediates the metabolic control of BM PC differentiation, and strategies that inhibit E2F1 or enhance oxidative metabolism in BM PCs may improve the effectiveness of cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Xu
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Jun Tao
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Liu Yang
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Eric Zhang
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Chan Boriboun
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Junlan Zhou
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Tianjiao Sun
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Min Cheng
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Kai Huang
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Jiawei Shi
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Nianguo Dong
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Qinghua Liu
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Ting C Zhao
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Hongyu Qiu
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Robert A Harris
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Douglas W Losordo
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.)
| | - Gangjian Qin
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Cardiology Program, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (S.X., L.Y., E.Z., C.B., G.Q.); Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute (S.X., J.Z., T.S., D.W.L., G.Q.) and Department of Medicine - Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.S.C.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Hypertension and Vascular Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China (S.X., J.T.); Department of Cardiology (L.Y., M.C., K.H.) and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery (J.S., N.D.), Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College, Wuhan, China; Institute for Medical Biology and Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Protection and Application of Special Plants in Wuling Area of China, College of Life Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China (Q.L.); Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, Boston University Medical School, Boston University, Providence, RI (T.C.Z.); Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, CA (H.Q.); and Roudebush VA Medical Center and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.A.H.).
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Marycz K, Michalak I, Kocherova I, Marędziak M, Weiss C. The Cladophora glomerata Enriched by Biosorption Process in Cr(III) Improves Viability, and Reduces Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Equine Metabolic Syndrome Derived Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Stem Cells (ASCs) and Their Extracellular Vesicles (MV's). Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E385. [PMID: 29292726 PMCID: PMC5742845 DOI: 10.3390/md15120385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated in vitro effects of freshwater alga Cladophora glomerata water extract enriched during a biosorption process in Cr(III) trivalent chromium and chromium picolinate on adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells (ASCs) and extracellular microvesicles (MVs) in equine metabolic syndrome-affected horses. Chemical characterisation of natural Cladophora glomerata was performed with special emphasis on: vitamin C, vitamin E, total phenols, fatty acids, free and protein-bound amino acids as well as measured Cr in algal biomass. To examine the influence of Cladophora glomerata water extracts, in vitro viability, oxidative stress factor accumulation, apoptosis, inflammatory response, biogenesis of mitochondria, autophagy in ASCs of EMS and secretory activity manifested by MV release were investigated. For this purpose, various methods of molecular biology and microscopic observations (i.e., immunofluorescence staining, SEM, TEM, FIB observations, mRNA and microRNA expression by RT-qPCR) were applied. The extract of Cladophora glomerata enriched with Cr(III) ions reduced apoptosis and inflammation in ASCs of EMS horses through improvement of mitochondrial dynamics, decreasing of PDK4 expression and reduction of endoplastic reticulum stress. Moreover, it was found, that Cladophora glomerata and Cr(III) induce antioxidative protection coming from enhanced SOD activity Therefore, Cladophora glomerata enriched with Cr(III) ions might become an interesting future therapeutic agent in the pharmacological treatment of EMS horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 50-630 Wroclaw, Poland.
- Wroclawskie Ctr Badan EIT, Stabłowicka 147 St, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25 St, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Ievgeniia Kocherova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 50-630 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Monika Marędziak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chelmonskiego 38 C, 50-630 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Christine Weiss
- PferdePraxis Dr. Med. Vet. Daniel Weiss, Postmatte 14, CH-8807 Freienbach, Switzerland.
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Zhang M, Zhao Y, Li Z, Wang C. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 mediates lipogenesis and contributes to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:582-586. [PMID: 29128353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive disease and poses a high risk of severe liver damage. However, the pathogenesis of NASH is still unclear. Accumulation of lipid droplets and insulin resistance is the hallmark of NASH. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 (PDK4) plays key role in glucose metabolism via regulating the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). Here, we demonstrated a novel of PDK4 in NASH by regulating hepatic steatosis and insulin signaling pathway in methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet induced NASH model. Hepatic PDK4 levels were highly induced in human patients with NASH and MCD diet fed mice, as well as in hepatocytes treated with oleic acid. The glucose and lipid metabolism were impaired in Pdk4-/- mice. Pdk4 deficiency ameliorated the hepatic steatosis significantly in NASH mice. Pdk4-/--MCD mice had reduced liver weights and triglyceride (TG) levels. And Pdk4 deficiency dramatically reduced the expression of genes related to fatty acid uptake, synthesis and gluconeogenesis. In addition, elevated phosphorylated AMPK (p-AMPK), p-SAPK/JNK and diminished p-ERK, p-P38, p-Akt and p-mTOR/p-4EBP1 proteins were observed. In conclusion, our data indicated that PDK4 potentially contributes to the hepatic steatosis in NASH via regulating several signaling pathway and PDK4 may be a new therapeutic strategy against NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Congying Wang
- Department of Medical Equipment, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China.
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48
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Endothelial LRP1 regulates metabolic responses by acting as a co-activator of PPARγ. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14960. [PMID: 28393867 PMCID: PMC5394236 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) regulates lipid and glucose metabolism in liver and adipose tissue. It is also involved in central nervous system regulation of food intake and leptin signalling. Here we demonstrate that endothelial Lrp1 regulates systemic energy homeostasis. Mice with endothelial-specific Lrp1 deletion display improved glucose sensitivity and lipid profiles combined with increased oxygen consumption during high-fat-diet-induced obesity. We show that the intracellular domain of Lrp1 interacts with the nuclear receptor Pparγ, a central regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, acting as its transcriptional co-activator in endothelial cells. Therefore, Lrp1 not only acts as an endocytic receptor but also directly participates in gene transcription. Our findings indicate an underappreciated functional role of endothelium in maintaining systemic energy homeostasis.
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49
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Tso SC, Lou M, Wu CY, Gui WJ, Chuang JL, Morlock LK, Williams NS, Wynn RM, Qi X, Chuang DT. Development of Dihydroxyphenyl Sulfonylisoindoline Derivatives as Liver-Targeting Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2017; 60:1142-1150. [PMID: 28085286 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases 1-4 (PDK1-4) negatively control activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) and are up-regulated in obesity, diabetes, heart failure, and cancer. We reported earlier two novel pan-PDK inhibitors PS8 [4-((5-hydroxyisoindolin-2-yl)sulfonyl)benzene-1,3-diol] (1) and PS10 [2-((2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl)isoindoline-4,6-diol] (2) that targeted the ATP-binding pocket in PDKs. Here, we developed a new generation of PDK inhibitors by extending the dihydroxyphenyl sulfonylisoindoline scaffold in 1 and 2 to the entrance region of the ATP-binding pocket in PDK2. The lead inhibitor (S)-3-amino-4-(4-((2-((2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)sulfonyl)isoindolin-5-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl)-4-oxobutanamide (17) shows a ∼8-fold lower IC50 (58 nM) than 2 (456 nM). In the crystal structure, the asparagine moiety in 17 provides additional interactions with Glu-262 from PDK2. Treatment of diet-induced obese mice with 17 resulted in significant liver-specific augmentation of PDC activity, accompanied by improved glucose tolerance and drastically reduced hepatic steatosis. These findings support 17 as a potential glucose-lowering therapeutic targeting liver for obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingliang Lou
- Chemistry Center, National Institute of Biological Science , Beijing 102206, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiangbing Qi
- Chemistry Center, National Institute of Biological Science , Beijing 102206, China.,Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing 100730, China
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50
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Distel E, Cadoudal T, Collinet M, Park EA, Benelli C, Bortoli S. Early induction of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 by retinoic acids in adipocytes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [PMID: 27981737 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Vitamin A and its metabolites, such as retinoic acids (RA), are related to metabolic diseases, in particular insulin resistance and obesity. Here, we studied the roles of 9-cis RA and all-trans RA on the regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4), an enzyme involved in fatty acid reesterification, which is a crucial metabolic pathway in adipose tissue (AT) lipid homeostasis. METHODS AND RESULTS 9-cis RA and all-trans RA treatment of human and murine AT explants, as well as adipocytes (3T3-F442A cell line) induces PDK4 expression both at the mRNA and the protein level, via a transcriptional mechanism. Using site-directed mutagenesis and chomatin immuno-precipitation, we showed that this activation involves two new RA responsive elements in the Pdk4 promoter, RAREa (DR1: -125/-112) and RAREb (DR1: -86/-73), specific to AT. Furthermore, even though endogeneous Pdk4 gene was upregulated by RA in Fao cells, a rat hepatoma cell line, the induction did not occur through the newly found RAREs. CONCLUSION In this study, we showed that adipocyte PDK4 gene is a new target of the vitamin A derived RA and might participate to the reduced fatty acid efflux from the adipocyte, a step that plays an important role in the developement of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Distel
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Cadoudal
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, France
| | - Martine Collinet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, France
| | - Edwards A Park
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN, USA
| | - Chantal Benelli
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Bortoli
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UFR des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Paris, France.,INSERM, UMR 1124, Paris, France
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