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Li K, Yu L, Gao L, Zhu L, Feng X, Deng S. Unveiling molecular mechanisms of pigment synthesis in gardenia ( Gardenia jasminoides) fruits through integrative transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2024; 9:100209. [PMID: 38973987 PMCID: PMC11225661 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2024.100209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
This study conducted a combined transcriptomics and metabolomics analysis in premature and mature developmental stages of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits to identify the molecular mechanisms of pigment synthesis. The transcriptomics data produced high-quality clean data amounting to 46.98 gigabytes, exhibiting a mapping ratio of 86.36% to 91.43%. Transcriptomics analysis successfully identified about 3,914 differentially expressed genes which are associated with pivotal biological processes, including photosynthesis, chlorophyll, biosynthetic processes, and protein-chromophore linkage pathways. Functional diversity was clarified by the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) classification, which focused mainly on pigment synthesis functions. Pathways analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) revealed critical pathways affecting pigment development. Metabolomics studies were carried out utilizing Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography and mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). About 480 metabolites were detected via metabolomics investigation, the majority of that were significantly involved in pigment synthesis. Cluster and pathway analyses revealed the importance of pathways such as plant secondary metabolite biosynthesis, biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids and plant hormone signal transduction in pigment synthesis. Current research advances our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level governing pigment synthesis in gardenia fruits, furnishing valuable insights for subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangqin Li
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Lixin Yu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Liqin Gao
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - lingzhi Zhu
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Xiaotao Feng
- College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Jiangxi, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shaoyong Deng
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang 330032, China
- Engineering Research Center for Gardenia of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanchang 330032, China
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2
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Li J, Liu Y, Jiang CY, Miao XQ, Dong XP, Du M, Jiang PF. Effects of different curing concentrations and drying times on the microbial community structure and metabolites of dried Spanish mackerel. Food Chem 2024; 449:139329. [PMID: 38615634 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Cured Spanish mackerel has a promising market owing to its nutritious nature as well as ease of transportation and preservation. However, the nutritional and flavor formation mechanism of Spanish mackerel after curing and drying is unclear. To overcome this problem, the effects of different processing conditions on the free amino acid, microbial community, and flavor of Spanish mackerel were explored. Staphylococcus and Cobetia are the main microorganisms in cured mackerel and are closely associated with the formation of their quality. Compared with fresh mackerel, cured mackerel contains increased levels of protein, fat, and chloride, contributing to its distinctive flavor. The contents of free amino acids in the BA64 group were substantially higher than those in other groups, particularly the contents of threonine, glycine, and tyrosine. These findings will contribute to the development of high-quality cured Spanish mackerel products and cured aquatic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yang Liu
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Cai-Yan Jiang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiao-Qing Miao
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Dong
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ming Du
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Peng-Fei Jiang
- SKL of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
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3
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Liu H, Wang C, He Y, Wei X, Cheng J, Yang W, Shi K, Si H. Assessing a respiratory toxic infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain: isolation, identification, pathogenicity, and immunological failure insights. Microbiol Spectr 2024:e0399023. [PMID: 38904372 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03990-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is caused by avian coronavirus and poses a global economic threat to the poultry industry. In 2023, a highly pathogenic IBV strain, IBV/CN/GD20230501, was isolated and identified from chickens vaccinated with IBV-M41 in Guangdong, China. This study comprehensively investigated the biological characteristics of the isolated IBV strain, including its genotype, whole genome sequence analysis of its S1 gene, pathogenicity, host immune response, and serum non-targeted metabolomics. Through the analysis of the S1 gene sequence, serum neutralization tests, and comparative genomics, it was proven that IBV/CN/GD20230501 belongs to the GI-I type of strain and is serotype II. One alanine residue in the S1 subunit of the isolated strain was mutated into serine, and some mutations were observed in the ORF1ab gene and the terminal region of the genome. Animal challenge experiments using the EID50 and TCID50 calculations showed that IBV/CN/GD20230501 possesses strong respiratory pathogenicity, with early and long-term shedding of viruses and rapid viral spread. Antibody detection indicated that chickens infected with IBV/CN/GD20230501 exhibited delayed expression of early innate immune genes, while those infected with M41 showed rapid gene induction and effective viral control. Metabolomics analysis demonstrated that this virus infection led to differential expression of 291 ions in chicken serum, mainly affecting the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle).IMPORTANCEThis study identified an infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) strain isolated from vaccinated chickens in an immunized population that had certain sequence differences compared to IBV-M41, resulting in significantly enhanced pathogenicity and host defense. This strain has the potential to replace M41 as a more suitable challenge model for drug research. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis highlighting the citric acid cycle provides a new avenue for studying this highly virulent strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Yang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Junze Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Wenwen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
| | - Kaichuang Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
- Poultry Disease Diagnosis Division, Guangxi Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, China
| | - Hongbin Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi grass station, Nanning, China
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Dhillon J, Pandey S, Newman JW, Fiehn O, Ortiz RM. Metabolic Responses to an Acute Glucose Challenge: The Differential Effects of Eight Weeks of Almond vs. Cracker Consumption in Young Adults. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.19.24307571. [PMID: 38826341 PMCID: PMC11142291 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.19.24307571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the dynamic responses to an acute glucose challenge following chronic almond versus cracker consumption for 8 weeks (clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03084003). Seventy-three young adults (age: 18-19 years, BMI: 18-41 kg/m2) participated in an 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel-arm intervention and were randomly assigned to consume either almonds (2 oz/d, n=38) or an isocaloric control snack of graham crackers (325 kcal/d, n=35) daily for 8 weeks. Twenty participants from each group underwent a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) at the end of the 8-week intervention. Metabolite abundances in the oGTT serum samples were quantified using untargeted metabolomics, and targeted analyses for free PUFAs, total fatty acids, oxylipins, and endocannabinoids. Multivariate, univariate, and chemical enrichment analyses were conducted to identify significant metabolic shifts. Findings exhibit a biphasic lipid response distinguished by higher levels of unsaturated triglycerides in the earlier periods of the oGTT followed by lower levels in the latter period in the almond versus cracker group (p-value<0.05, chemical enrichment analyses). Almond (vs. cracker) consumption was also associated with higher AUC120 min of aminomalonate, and oxylipins (p-value<0.05), but lower AUC120 min of L-cystine, N-acetylmannosamine, and isoheptadecanoic acid (p-value<0.05). Additionally, the Matsuda Index in the almond group correlated with AUC120 min of CE 22:6 (r=-0.46; p-value<0.05) and 12,13 DiHOME (r=0.45; p-value<0.05). Almond consumption for 8 weeks leads to dynamic, differential shifts in response to an acute glucose challenge, marked by alterations in lipid and amino acid mediators involved in metabolic and physiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaapna Dhillon
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia
- Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, India
| | - John W. Newman
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis
- Obesity and Metabolism Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California, Davis
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis
| | - Rudy M. Ortiz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Merced
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5
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Zhang R, Bai X, Chen Z, Chen M, Li X, Zeng B, Hu B. Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Analyses Reveal Dark Heartwood Formation Mechanism in Acacia melanoxylon. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4974. [PMID: 38732191 PMCID: PMC11084464 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Acacia melanoxylon is highly valued for its commercial applications, with the heartwood exhibiting a range of colors from dark to light among its various clones. The underlying mechanisms contributing to this color variation, however, have not been fully elucidated. In an effort to understand the factors that influence the development of dark heartwood, a comparative analysis was conducted on the microstructure, substance composition, differential gene expression, and metabolite profiles in the sapwood (SW), transition zone (TZ), and heartwood (HW) of two distinct clones, SR14 and SR25. A microscopic examination revealed that heartwood color variations are associated with an increased substance content within the ray parenchyma cells. A substance analysis indicated that the levels of starches, sugars, and lignin were more abundant in SP compared to HW, while the concentrations of phenols, flavonoids, and terpenoids were found to be higher in HW than in SP. Notably, the dark heartwood of the SR25 clone exhibited greater quantities of phenols and flavonoids compared to the SR14 clone, suggesting that these compounds are pivotal to the color distinction of the heartwood. An integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolomics data uncovered a significant accumulation of sinapyl alcohol, sinapoyl aldehyde, hesperetin, 2', 3, 4, 4', 6'-peptahydroxychalcone 4'-O-glucoside, homoeriodictyol, and (2S)-liquiritigenin in the heartwood of SR25, which correlates with the up-regulated expression of CCRs (evm.TU.Chr3.1751, evm.TU.Chr4.654_667, evm.TU.Chr4.675, evm.TU.Chr4.699, and evm.TU.Chr4.704), COMTs (evm.TU.Chr13.3082, evm.TU.Chr13.3086, and evm.TU.Chr7.1411), CADs (evm.TU.Chr10.2175, evm.TU.Chr1.3453, and evm.TU.Chr8.1600), and HCTs (evm.TU.Chr4.1122, evm.TU.Chr4.1123, evm.TU.Chr8.1758, and evm.TU.Chr9.2960) in the TZ of A. melanoxylon. Furthermore, a marked differential expression of transcription factors (TFs), including MYBs, AP2/ERFs, bHLHs, bZIPs, C2H2s, and WRKYs, were observed to be closely linked to the phenols and flavonoids metabolites, highlighting the potential role of multiple TFs in regulating the biosynthesis of these metabolites and, consequently, influencing the color variation in the heartwood. This study facilitates molecular breeding for the accumulation of metabolites influencing the heartwood color in A. melanoxylon, and offers new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying heartwood formation in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bingshan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (R.Z.); (X.B.); (Z.C.); (M.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Tropical Forestry, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China; (R.Z.); (X.B.); (Z.C.); (M.C.); (X.L.)
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6
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Baghel K, Khan A, Kango N. Role of Synbiotics (Prebiotics and Probiotics) as Dietary Supplements in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Induced Health Complications. J Diet Suppl 2024:1-32. [PMID: 38622882 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2024.2340509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder whose prevalence has become a worrying condition in recent decades. Chronic diabetes can result in serious health conditions such as impaired kidney function, stroke, blindness, and myocardial infarction. Despite a variety of currently available treatments, cases of diabetes and its complications are on the rise. This review article provides a comprehensive account of the ameliorative effect of prebiotics and probiotics individually or in combination i.e. synbiotics on health complications induced by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Recent advances in the field underscore encouraging outcomes suggesting the consumption of synbiotics leads to favorable changes in the gut microbiota. These changes result in the production of bioactive metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (crucial for lowering blood sugar levels), reducing inflammation, preventing insulin resistance, and encouraging the release of glucagon-like peptide-1 in the host. Notably, novel strategies supplementing synbiotics to support gut microbiota are gaining attraction as pivotal interventions in mitigating T2DM-induced health complications. Thus, by nurturing a symbiotic relationship between prebiotics and probiotics i.e. synbiotics, these interventions hold promise in reshaping the microbial landscape of the gut thereby offering a multifaceted approach to managing T2DM and its associated morbidities. Supporting the potential of synbiotics underscores a paradigm shift toward holistic and targeted interventions in diabetes management, offering prospects for improved outcomes and enhanced quality of life for affected individuals. Nevertheless, more research needs to be done to better understand the single and multispecies pre/pro and synbiotics in the prevention and management of T2DM-induced health complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Baghel
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
| | - Aamir Khan
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
| | - Naveen Kango
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (A Central University), Sagar, MP, India
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7
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Yang Y, Cui J, Jiang Z, Zhao X. GC × GC-ToF-MS combined with multivariate statistical methods to explore the effects of L. paracasei fermentation on bread flavor characteristics. Food Chem 2024; 435:137643. [PMID: 37801769 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
GC × GC-ToF-MS is increasingly used to analyze complex food flavors due to its high resolution and sensitivity, but few studies have used the method to identify aroma components of bread. For the first time, this study combines GC × GC-ToF-MS and multivariate statistical methods to explore the effects of L. paracasei fermentation on bread flavor characteristics. A total of 1534 volatile organic compounds were identified, of which 447 were obtained by metabolome normalization. Based on the variable importance for the projection and p values, 82 different compounds were screened in L. paracasei bread compared with yeast bread, and the total relative content was 1.52 times higher than that of yeast bread. 2-Furancarboxaldehyde, 5-methyl-, pentanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-, ethyl ester, pyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl- and γ-terpinene are aroma-presenting substances specific to L. paracasei bread that could be potential identification compounds. This study provides a new techno-theoretical approach for the characterization and discrimination of LAB bread flavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Yang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jinxi Cui
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhongli Jiang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiuhong Zhao
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, Liaoning Province, China.
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8
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Coutinho-Wolino KS, Melo MFS, Mota JC, Mafra D, Guimarães JT, Stockler-Pinto MB. Blueberry, cranberry, raspberry, and strawberry as modulators of the gut microbiota: target for treatment of gut dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease? From current evidence to future possibilities. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:248-261. [PMID: 37164634 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and is associated with uremic toxin production, inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease development. Therefore, healthy dietary patterns are essential modulators of gut microbiota. In this context, studies suggest that consuming berry fruits, rich in polyphenols and nutrients, may positively affect the gut microbiota, promoting the selective growth of beneficial bacteria and improving clinical status. However, studies on the effects of berry fruits on gut microbiota in CKD are scarce, and a better understanding of the possible mechanisms of action of berry fruits on gut microbiota is needed to guide future clinical studies and clinical practice in CKD. The objective was to discuss how berry fruits (blueberry, cranberry, raspberry, and strawberry) could be a therapeutic strategy to modulate the gut microbiota and possibly reverse the dysbiosis in CKD. Overall, available evidence shows that berry fruits can promote an increase in diversity by affecting the abundance of mucus-producing bacteria and short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, these fruits can increase the expression of mRNA involved in tight junctions in the gut such as occludin, tight junction protein 1 (TJP1), and mucin. Studies on the exact amount of berries leading to these effects show heterogeneous findings. However, it is known that, with 5 mg/day, it is already possible to observe some effects in animal models. Wild berries could possibly improve the uremic condition by reducing the levels of uremic toxins via modulation of the gut microbiota. In the long term, this could be an excellent strategy for patients with CKD. Therefore, clinical studies are encouraged to evaluate better these effects on CKD as well as the safe amount of these fruits in order to promote a better quality of life or even the survival of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Coutinho-Wolino
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manuela F S Melo
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jessica C Mota
- Graduate Program in Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Denise Mafra
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Jonas T Guimarães
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milena B Stockler-Pinto
- Postgraduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Nutrition, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
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9
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Di Cesare F, Calgaro M, Ghini V, Squarzanti DF, De Prisco A, Visciglia A, Zanetta P, Rolla R, Savoia P, Amoruso A, Azzimonti B, Vitulo N, Tenori L, Luchinat C, Pane M. Exploring the Effects of Probiotic Treatment on Urinary and Serum Metabolic Profiles in Healthy Individuals. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:3866-3878. [PMID: 37970754 PMCID: PMC10696601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered in adequate amounts. They are used to promote gut health and alleviate various disorders. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the potential effects of probiotics on human physiology. In the presented study, the effects of probiotic treatment on the metabolic profiles of human urine and serum using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabonomic approach were investigated. Twenty-one healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study, and they received two different dosages of probiotics for 8 weeks. During the study, urine and serum samples were collected from volunteers before and during probiotic supplementation. The results showed that probiotics had a significant impact on the urinary and serum metabolic profiles without altering their phenotypes. This study demonstrated the effects of probiotics in terms of variations of metabolite levels resulting also from the different probiotic posology. Overall, the results suggest that probiotic administration may affect both urine and serum metabolomes, although more research is needed to understand the mechanisms and clinical implications of these effects. NMR-based metabonomic analysis of biofluids is a powerful tool for monitoring host-gut microflora dynamic interaction as well as for assessing the individual response to probiotic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Cesare
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Matteo Calgaro
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Veronica Ghini
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Diletta Francesca Squarzanti
- Department
of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of
Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli, 17, Novara 28100, Italy
- Center
for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD),
Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University
of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste, 15, Novara 28100, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Zanetta
- Department
of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of
Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli, 17, Novara 28100, Italy
- Center
for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD),
Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University
of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste, 15, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Department
of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of
Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli, 17, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Paola Savoia
- Department
of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of
Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli, 17, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Angela Amoruso
- Probiotical
Research Srl, Via Enrico
Mattei, 3, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Department
of Health Sciences (DiSS), University of
Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Via Solaroli, 17, Novara 28100, Italy
- Center
for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD),
Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), University
of Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste, 15, Novara 28100, Italy
| | - Nicola Vitulo
- Department
of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada le Grazie, 15, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- Magnetic
Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
| | - Claudio Luchinat
- Consorzio
Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), Via Luigi Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
- Giotto
Biotech S.r.l., Via Madonna
del Piano, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze 50019, Italy
| | - Marco Pane
- Probiotical
Research Srl, Via Enrico
Mattei, 3, Novara 28100, Italy
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10
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Holhorea PG, Naya-Català F, Belenguer Á, Calduch-Giner JA, Pérez-Sánchez J. Understanding how high stocking densities and concurrent limited oxygen availability drive social cohesion and adaptive features in regulatory growth, antioxidant defense and lipid metabolism in farmed gilthead sea bream ( Sparus aurata). Front Physiol 2023; 14:1272267. [PMID: 37869714 PMCID: PMC10586056 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1272267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study combined the use of biometric, behavioral, physiological and external tissue damage scoring systems to better understand how high stocking densities drive schooling behavior and other adaptive features during the finishing growing phase of farmed gilthead sea bream in the Western Mediterranean. Fish were grown at three different final stocking densities (LD, 8.5 kg/m3; MD, 17 kg/m3; HD, 25 kg/m3). Water oxygen concentration varied between 5 and 6 ppm in LD fish to 3-4 ppm in HD fish with the summer rise of water temperature from 19°C to 26°C (May-July). HD fish showed a reduction of feed intake and growth rates, but they also showed a reinforced social cohesion with a well-defined endogenous swimming activity rhythm with feeding time as a main synchronization factor. The monitored decrease of the breathing/swimming activity ratio by means of the AEFishBIT data-logger also indicated a decreased energy partitioning for growth in the HD environment with a limited oxygen availability. Plasma glucose and cortisol levels increased with the rise of stocking density, and the close association of glycaemia with the expression level of antioxidant enzymes (mn-sod, gpx4, prdx5) in liver and molecular chaperones (grp170, grp75) in skeletal muscle highlighted the involvement of glucose in redox processes via rerouting in the pentose-phosphate-pathway. Other adaptive features included the depletion of oxidative metabolism that favored lipid storage rather than fatty acid oxidation to decrease the oxygen demand as last electron acceptor in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. This was coincident with the metabolic readjustment of the Gh/Igf endocrine-growth cascade that promoted the regulation of muscle growth at the local level rather than a systemic action via the liver Gh/Igf axis. Moreover, correlation analyses within HD fish displayed negative correlations of hepatic transcripts of igf1 and igf2 with the data-logger measurements of activity and respiration, whereas the opposite was found for muscle igf2, ghr1 and ghr2. This was indicative of a growth-regulatory transition that supported a proactive instead of a reactive behavior in HD fish, which was considered adaptive to preserve an active and synchronized feeding behavior with a minimized risk of oxidative stress and epidermal skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)), Castellón, Spain
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11
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Zou M, Zhang YS, Feng JK, Tu H, Gui MB, Wang YN, Yang ZJ, Yang ZQ, Xu M, Wu WQ, Gao F. Serum metabolomics analysis of biomarkers and metabolic pathways in patients with colorectal cancer associated with spleen-deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome or damp-heat syndrome: a prospective cohort study. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1190706. [PMID: 37771438 PMCID: PMC10523394 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1190706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To profile the serum metabolites and metabolic pathways in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients associated with spleen-deficiency and qi-stagnation syndrome (SDQSS) or damp-heat syndrome (DHS). Methods From May 2020 to January 2021, CRC patients diagnosed with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes of SDQSS or DHS were enrolled. The clinicopathological data of the SDQSS and DHS groups were compared. The serum samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The variable importance in the projection >1, fold change ≥3 or ≤0.333, and P value ≤0.05 were used to identify differential metabolites between the two groups. Furthermore, areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve > 0.9 were applied to select biomarkers with good predictive performance. The enrichment metabolic pathways were searched through the database of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Results 60 CRC patients were included (30 SDQSS and 30 DHS). The level of alanine aminotransferase was marginally significantly higher in the DHS group than the SDQSS group (P = 0.051). The other baseline clinicopathological characteristics were all comparable between the two groups. 23 differential serum metabolites were identified, among which 16 were significantly up-regulated and 7 were significantly down-regulated in the SDQSS group compared with the DHS group. ROC curve analysis showed that (S)-3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid, neocembrene, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-3-hydroxypentanedioate, and nicotine were symbolic differential metabolites with higher predictive power. The top five enrichment signalling pathways were valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; lysosome; nicotine addiction; fructose and mannose metabolism; and pertussis. Conclusion Our study identifies the differential metabolites and characteristic metabolic pathways among CRC patients with SDQSS or DHS, offering the possibility of accurate and objective syndrome differentiation and TCM treatment for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zou
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Kai Feng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital), Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Tu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Chongqing Qijiang District People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Bin Gui
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zi-Jie Yang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Central Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Wu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Lanzhou, China
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12
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Pantazi AC, Kassim MAK, Nori W, Tuta LA, Mihai CM, Chisnoiu T, Balasa AL, Mihai L, Lupu A, Frecus CE, Lupu VV, Chirila SI, Badescu AG, Hangan LT, Cambrea SC. Clinical Perspectives of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Kidney Disease: Where Do We Stand? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2480. [PMID: 37760920 PMCID: PMC10525496 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) plays a vital role in human health, with increasing evidence linking its imbalance to chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Although the exact methods underlying kidney-GM crosstalk are not fully understood, interventions targeting GM were made and lay in three aspects: diagnostic, predictive, and therapeutic interventions. While these interventions show promising results in reducing uremic toxins and inflammation, challenges remain in the form of patient-specific GM variability, potential side effects, and safety concerns. Our understanding of GMs role in kidney disease is still evolving, necessitating further research to elucidate the causal relationship and mechanistic interactions. Personalized interventions focusing on specific GM signatures could enhance patient outcomes. However, comprehensive clinical trials are needed to validate these approaches' safety, efficacy, and feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wassan Nori
- College of Medicine, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq;
| | - Liliana Ana Tuta
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Cristina Maria Mihai
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Tatiana Chisnoiu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Adriana Luminita Balasa
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Larisia Mihai
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Corina Elena Frecus
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
- Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania
| | - Vasile Valeriu Lupu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Sergiu Ioachim Chirila
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
| | | | - Laurentiu-Tony Hangan
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
| | - Simona Claudia Cambrea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania (L.A.T.)
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Zhao X, He Z, Gao Y, Kan Y, Jiao Y, Liu Y, Huang S, Luo Z, Zhang Y. Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein, BbSre1, Controls Oxidative Stress Response, Peroxisome Division, and Lipid Homeostasis in an Insect Fungal Pathogen. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12250-12263. [PMID: 37493643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding protein, Sre1, regulates sterol biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, hypoxia adaptation, and virulence in some fungi, even though its roles are varied in fungal species. However, few studies report its other functions in fungi. Here, we report novel roles of Sre1 homolog, BbSre1, in the insect fungal pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, that regulates oxidative stress response, peroxisome division, and redox homeostasis. The gene disruption stain showed increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, which was in line with oxidative stress-induced-BbSre1 nuclear import and control of antioxidant and detoxification-involved genes. The gene mutation also inhibited peroxisome division, affected redox homeostasis, and impaired lipid/fatty acid metabolism and sterol biosynthesis, which was verified by downregulation of their associated genes. These data broaden our understanding of role of Sre1, which regulates peroxisome division, antioxidant, and detoxification-involved genes for control of redox homeostasis and oxidative stress response that links to lipid/fatty acid metabolism and sterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhangjiang He
- Biochemical Engineering Center of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 50025, China
| | - Yifei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yanze Kan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Shuaishuai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Zhibing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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14
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Lang J, Li L, Quan Y, Tan R, Zhao J, Li M, Zeng J, Chen S, Wang T, Li Y, Zhao J, Yin Z. LC-MS-based metabolomics reveals the mechanism of anti-gouty arthritis effect of Wuwei Shexiang pill. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1213602. [PMID: 37637422 PMCID: PMC10450745 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1213602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wuwei Shexiang Pill (WSP) is a Tibetan traditional medicine, which has been demonstrated to exhibit potent anti-inflammatory and anti-gout effects. However, the specific pharmacological mechanism is not elucidated clearly. In the present study, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics was applied to investigate the alteration of serum metabolites induced by WSP treatment in MSU-induced gouty rats. Subsequently, bioinformatics was utilized to analyze the potential metabolic pathway of the anti-gout effect of WSP. The pharmacodynamic data discovered that WSP could ameliorate ankle swelling and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as downregulate the protein expression of IL-1β, p-NF-κB p65, and NLRP3 in the synovial membrane and surrounding tissues of gouty ankles. LC-MS-based metabolomics revealed that there were 30 differential metabolites in the serum between sham-operated rats and gouty ones, which were mainly involved in the metabolism of fructose and mannose, primary bile acid biosynthesis, and cholesterol metabolism. However, compared to the model group, WSP treatment upregulated 11 metabolic biomarkers and downregulated 31 biomarkers in the serum. KEGG enrichment analysis found that 27 metabolic pathways contributed to the therapeutic action of WSP, including linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. The comprehensive analysis-combined network pharmacology and metabolomics further revealed that the regulatory network of WSP against gout might be attributed to 11 metabolites, 7 metabolic pathways, 39 targets, and 49 active ingredients of WSP. In conclusion, WSP could ameliorate the inflammation of the ankle in MSU-induced gouty rats, and its anti-gout mechanism might be relevant to the modulation of multiple metabolic pathways, such as linoleic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. This study provided data support for the secondary development of Chinese traditional patent medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirui Lang
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunyun Quan
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruirong Tan
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, The “Double-First Class” Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Li
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- Sichuan Fengchun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Deyang, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhujun Yin
- Biological Assay Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Technology Research Center of Genuine Regional Drug, Engineering Research Center for Formation Principle and Quality Evaluation of Genuine Medicinal Materials in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of the Research and Development of Novel Pharmaceutical Preparations, The “Double-First Class” Application Characteristic Discipline of Hunan Province (Pharmaceutical Science), Changsha Medical University, Changsha, China
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15
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Deng T, Li X, Yao B. Metabonomic analysis of seminal plasma in necrozoospermia patients based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Transl Androl Urol 2023; 12:1101-1114. [PMID: 37554525 PMCID: PMC10406541 DOI: 10.21037/tau-23-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the pathological study of necrozoospermia-a form of sperm mortality-the underlying metabolic mechanism remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize metabolic alterations in the seminal plasma of necrozoospermic patients and to provide insights into the etiology of the disease. METHODS Seminal plasma samples were collected from patients diagnosed with necrozoospermia (n=28) as well as normozoospermia (n=37). The samples were analyzed using nontargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The raw data were subjected to multivariate analysis to identify metabolites correlated with necrozoospermia. Differential metabolites were subjected to pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst. RESULTS The results of the metabolomic analysis showed that there were 194 differential metabolites between the two groups; 129 metabolites were upregulated and 65 metabolites were downregulated. Among the differential metabolites, the top ten differential metabolites were choline, benzaldehyde, pyrazinamide, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide, and dihydrothymine. The following differential metabolite pathways were identified, and the top five metabolite pathways were arachidonic acid metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, alanine aspartate and glutamate metabolism, bile secretion, and prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS The elevation of choline and 2-hydroxyglutarate levels in seminal plasma was an important finding, and the results also indicate that abnormalities in arachidonic acid metabolism and glutamate metabolism were an underlying pathological mechanism of necrozoospermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqin Deng
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (General Hospital of Eastern Military Region), Nanjing, China
- Reproductive Medical Center, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Reproductive Medical Center, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University (General Hospital of Eastern Military Region), Nanjing, China
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16
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Wu Y, Li Z, Zhu H, Zi R, Xue F, Yu Y. Identification of Tartary Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) and Common Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy-Based Untargeted Metabolomics. Foods 2023; 12:2578. [PMID: 37444316 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat has attracted more attention than common buckwheat due to its unique chemical composition and higher efficacy in the prevention of various diseases. The content of flavonoids in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn) is higher than that in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). However, the processing process of Tartary buckwheat is complex, and the cost is high, which leads to the frequent phenomenon of common buckwheat counterfeiting and adulteration in Tartary buckwheat, which seriously damages the interests of consumers and disrupts the market order. In order to explore a new and simple identification method for Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat, this article uses metabolomics technology based on GC-MS to identify Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat. The results show that the PLS-DA model can identify Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat, as well as Tartary buckwheat from different regions, without an over-fitting phenomenon. It was also found that ascorbate and aldarate metabolism was the main differential metabolic pathway between Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat, as well as the amino acids biosynthesis pathway. This study provides a new attempt for the identification of Tartary buckwheat and common buckwheat for the quality control of related agricultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Wu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Food Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Zhanming Li
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Food Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Food Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Run Zi
- National University of Singapore Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou 215127, China
| | - Fang Xue
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Food Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Food Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
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17
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Sumida K, Pierre JF, Yuzefpolskaya M, Colombo PC, Demmer RT, Kovesdy CP. Gut Microbiota-Targeted Interventions in the Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Semin Nephrol 2023; 43:151408. [PMID: 37619529 PMCID: PMC10783887 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2023.151408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in microbiome research have informed the potential role of the gut microbiota in the regulation of metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal systems, and, when altered, in the pathogenesis of various cardiometabolic disorders, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). The improved understanding of gut dysbiosis in cardiometabolic pathologies in turn has led to a vigorous quest for developing therapeutic strategies. These therapeutic strategies aim to investigate whether interventions targeting gut dysbiosis can shift the microbiota toward eubiosis and if these shifts, in turn, translate into improvements in (or prevention of) CKD and its related complications, such as premature cardiovascular disease. Existing evidence suggests that multiple interventions (eg, plant-based diets; prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic supplementation; constipation treatment; fecal microbiota transplantation; and intestinal dialysis) might result in favorable modulation of the gut microbiota in patients with CKD, and thereby potentially contribute to improving clinical outcomes in these patients. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the characteristics and roles of the gut microbiota in CKD and discuss the potential of emerging gut microbiota-targeted interventions in the management of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Melana Yuzefpolskaya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Paolo C Colombo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Ryan T Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Csaba P Kovesdy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
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18
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Mazidi M, Katsiki N, Banach M. Higher Plasma Levels of Valerate Produced by Gut Microbiota May Have a Beneficial Impact on Renal Function. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023:1-7. [PMID: 36786830 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1664955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observational studies have evaluated the relationships among plasma short chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced by gut microbiota, renal function, and risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In the present study, Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was applied to obtain unconfounded estimates of the casual association of genetically determined plasma valerate (an SCFA) with kidney function and risk of CKD. METHOD MR was performed by using summary-level data from the largest genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted on plasma valerate, CKD, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; separately in diabetic and nondiabetic individuals). Inverse variance weighted method (IVW), weighted median-based method, MR-Egger, as well as MR-Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (PRESSO) were applied. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using the leave-one-out method. RESULTS No significant association was observed between plasma valerate and CKD (IVW: β = 0.234, p = 0.744). In contrast, plasma valerate was positively associated with eGFR in the total population (IVW: β = 0.049, p = 0.022) and among nondiabetic individuals (IVW: β = 0.058, p = 0.009), but not in the diabetic population (IVW: β = -0.052, p = 0.603). None of the estimated associations was subjected to significant level of heterogeneity. Furthermore, MR-PRESSO analysis did not show any chance of outlier for all estimates. The pleiotropy test, with very a negligible intercept and insignificant p value, also indicated no chance of pleiotropy for all of our estimations (all p > 0.539). The results of the MR-Robust Adjusted Profile Score were identical with the IVW estimates, highlighting again no possibility of pleiotropy. Results of the leave-one-out method demonstrated that the links were not driven by single-nucleotide polymorphisms. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with higher plasma valerate levels had better renal function, defined by eGFR. This finding was observed in the total population and in nondiabetic subjects, but not in those with diabetes. Further research is needed to elucidate the links among plasma valerate, kidney function, and CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Mazidi
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niki Katsiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland.,Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, Poland
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19
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Zheng L, Luo M, Zhou H, Chen J. Natural products from plants and microorganisms: Novel therapeutics for chronic kidney disease via gut microbiota regulation. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1068613. [PMID: 36733377 PMCID: PMC9887141 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1068613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis and development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its complications. Natural products from plants and microorganisms can achieve recognizable improvement in renal function and serve as an alternative treatment for chronic kidney disease patients with a long history, yet less is known on its beneficial effects on kidney injury by targeting the intestinal microbiota. In this review, we summarize studies on the effects of natural products from plants and microorganisms, including herbal medicines and their bioactive extracts, polysaccharides from plants and microorganisms, and phytochemicals, on the prevention and treatment of chronic kidney disease through targeting gut microflora. We describe the strategies of these anti-CKD effects in animal experiments including remodulation of gut microbiota structure, reduction of uremic toxins, enhancement of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, regulation of intestinal inflammatory signaling, and improvement in intestinal integrity. Meanwhile, the clinical trials of different natural products in chronic kidney disease clinical practice were also analyzed and discussed. These provide information to enable a better understanding of the renoprotective effects of these effective natural products from plants and microorganisms in the treatment of chronic kidney disease. Finally, we propose the steps to prove the causal role of the intestinal microflora in the treatment of chronic kidney disease by natural products from plants and microorganisms. We also assess the future perspective that natural active products from plants and microorganisms can beneficially delay the onset and progression of kidney disease by targeting the gut flora and highlight the remaining challenges in this area. With the continuous deepening of studies in recent years, it has been proved that gut microbiota is a potential target of natural active products derived from plants and microorganisms for chronic kidney disease treatment. Fully understanding the functions and mechanisms of gut microbiota in these natural active products from plants and microorganisms is conducive to their application as an alternative therapeutic in the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingjing Luo
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haokui Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Jianping Chen,
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20
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Estanyol-Torres N, Domenech-Coca C, González-Domínguez R, Miñarro A, Reverter F, Moreno-Muñoz JA, Jiménez J, Martín-Palomas M, Castellano-Escuder P, Mostafa H, García-Vallvé S, Abasolo N, Rodríguez MA, Torrell H, Del Bas JM, Sanchez-Pla A, Caimari A, Mas-Capdevila A, Andres-Lacueva C, Crescenti A. A mixture of four dietary fibres ameliorates adiposity and improves metabolic profile and intestinal health in cafeteria-fed obese rats: an integrative multi-omics approach. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109184. [PMID: 36265688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a mixture of four dietary fibers on obese rats. Four groups of male Wistar rats were fed with either standard chow (STD) or cafeteria diet (CAF) and were orally supplemented with either fibre mixture (2 g kg-1 of body weight) (STD+F or CAF+F groups) or vehicle (STD+VH or CAF+VH groups). We studied a wide number of biometric, biochemical, transcriptomic, metagenomic and metabolomic variables and applied an integrative multivariate approach based on multiple factor analysis and Pearson's correlation analysis. A significant reduction in body weight, adiposity, HbA1c and HDL-cholesterol serum levels, and colon MPO activity was observed, whereas cecal weight and small intestine length:weight ratio were significantly increased in F-treated groups compared to control animals. CAF+F rats displayed a significant enhancement in energy expenditure, fat oxidation and fresh stool weight, and a significant reduction in adiponectin and LPS serum levels, compared to control group. Animals in STD+F group showed reduced serum LDL-cholesterol levels and a significant reduction in total cholesterol levels in the liver compared to STF+VH group. The intervention effect was reflected at the metabolomic (i.e., production of short-chain fatty acids, phenolic acids, and amino acids), metagenomic (i.e., modulation of Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus genus) and transcriptomic (i.e., expression of tight junctions and proteolysis) levels. Altogether, our integrative multi-omics approach highlights the potential of supplementation with a mixture of fibers to ameliorate the impairments triggered by obesity in terms of adiposity, metabolic profile, and intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Estanyol-Torres
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raúl González-Domínguez
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Miñarro
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Reverter
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Jiménez
- Laboratorios Ordesa, Scientific Department, Parc Científic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manel Martín-Palomas
- Laboratorios Ordesa, Scientific Department, Parc Científic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pol Castellano-Escuder
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hamza Mostafa
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santi García-Vallvé
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Research group in Cheminformatics & Nutrition, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Nerea Abasolo
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Reus, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rodríguez
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Reus, Spain
| | - Helena Torrell
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Reus, Spain
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, Reus, Spain
| | - Alex Sanchez-Pla
- CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Biotechnology Area and Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, Reus, Spain
| | - Anna Mas-Capdevila
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, Reus, Spain.
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Crescenti
- Eurecat, Technology Centre of Catalunya, Nutrition and Health Unit, Reus, Spain.
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21
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Liu X, Gao W, Yang J, Mao G, Lu H, Xing W. Association between probiotic, prebiotic, and yogurt consumption and chronic kidney disease: The NHANES 2010-2020. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1058238. [PMID: 36618701 PMCID: PMC9822650 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1058238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested that gut dysbacteriosis may promote the occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and probiotic, prebiotic, or yogurt supplements may alleviate CKD progression. This study aims to examine the association between probiotic, prebiotic, or yogurt supplements and the risk of CKD using the data from NHANES. Methods This study was designed to prospectively search data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2011-2020). We examined dietary supplements and prescription medication labels to identify probiotic, or prebiotic product, and yogurt consumption during the dietary interview. The diagnosis of CKD was determined by the value of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin creatinine ratio (ACR). Results The study enrolled a total of 6,522 individuals. The prevalence of CKD was lower in the probiotic, prebiotic, or yogurt consumption group [age-adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.77, 95% CI: 0.62-0.95, P = 0.02; multivariable-adjusted OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.69-1.07, P = 0.05]. Furthermore, 32% reduced risk was observed in the older group aged 55 years or older, and 32% reduced risk was also observed in the female population. Probiotic, or prebiotic, or yogurt supplements was associated a 12% reduction in moderate risk of CKD and an 11% reduction in very high risk of CKD. Conclusion Our results suggest that probiotic, prebiotic, or yogurt supplements may contribute to the prevention of CKD and relieve its progression risk, especially in the female population and older population who were aged 55 years or older.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxian Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenyan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China,Genxiang Mao,
| | - Hong Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,Hong Lu,
| | - Wenmin Xing
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Wenmin Xing,
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22
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Zhang R, Li YY, Nie ZB, Zhang XQ, Ma YM, Wang YH. Scientometric analysis of kidney disease and gut microbiota from 2001 to 2020 based on Web of Science. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32081. [PMID: 36482594 PMCID: PMC9726385 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to demonstrate current research priorities and predict future trends in the link between kidney disease and gut microbiota by means of scientometric analysis. We collected nearly 20 years (2001-2020) of publications related to kidney disease and gut microbiota in the Web of Science database. CiteSpace was used to evaluate the knowledge mapping. There are 965 manuscripts about kidney disease and gut microbiota in total, and faster growth after 2016. The country, institution, and author who posted the most are the USA, Univ Calif Irvine, and DENISE MAFRA, respectively. The frequencies are 109, 16, and 17. The most important of them are FRANCE (0.23), Fed Univ Parana UFPR (0.13), and VAZIRI ND (1.14), owing to their highest centrality. In addition, the cited documents that have contributed the most to the co-citations are Wong J (2014); the most key cited reference is Rossi M (2016); the most commonly used keywords are chronic kidney disease, gut microbiota and indoxyl sulfate. Through scientometric analysis of the past 20 years, we obtained the knowledge map of this information, which has important guiding significance for accurately and quickly locating trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Department, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan-Yan Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Department, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhong-Biao Nie
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Pharmacy Department, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Department, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yan-Miao Ma
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Basic Teaching and Research Office, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Miao Ma and Yong-Hui Wang, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Basic Teaching and Research Office, Taiyuan 030619, China (e-mail: and )
| | - Yong-Hui Wang
- Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Basic Teaching and Research Office, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-Miao Ma and Yong-Hui Wang, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Basic Teaching and Research Office, Taiyuan 030619, China (e-mail: and )
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23
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Analysis of metabolites of coix seed fermented by Monascus purpureus. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Naya-Català F, Piazzon MC, Torrecillas S, Toxqui-Rodríguez S, Calduch-Giner JÀ, Fontanillas R, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Montero D, Pérez-Sánchez J. Genetics and Nutrition Drive the Gut Microbiota Succession and Host-Transcriptome Interactions through the Gilthead Sea Bream ( Sparus aurata) Production Cycle. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:1744. [PMID: 36552254 PMCID: PMC9774573 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Fish genetically selected for growth (GS) and reference (REF) fish were fed with CTRL (15% FM, 5-7% FO) or FUTURE (7.5% FM, 10% poultry meal, 2.2% poultry oil + 2.5% DHA-algae oil) diets during a 12-months production cycle. Samples from initial (t0; November 2019), intermediate (t1; July 2020) and final (t2; November 2020) sampling points were used for Illumina 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the adherent microbiota of anterior intestine (AI). Samples from the same individuals (t1) were also used for the gene expression profiling of AI by RNA-seq, and subsequent correlation analyses with microbiota abundances. Discriminant analyses indicated the gut bacterial succession along the production cycle with the proliferation of some valuable taxa for facing seasonality and different developmental stages. An effect of genetic background was evidenced along time, decreasing through the progression of the trial, namely the gut microbiota of GS fish was less influenced by changes in diet composition. At the same time, these fish showed wider transcriptomic landmarks in the AI to cope with these changes. Our results highlighted an enhanced intestinal sphingolipid and phospholipid metabolism, epithelial turnover and intestinal motility in GS fish, which would favour their improved performance despite the lack of association with changes in gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, in GS fish, correlation analyses supported the involvement of different taxa with the down-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory markers and the boosting of markers of extracellular remodelling and response to bacterium. Altogether, these findings support the combined action of the gut microbiome and host transcriptionally mediated effects to preserve and improve gut health and function in a scenario of different growth performance and potentiality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Naya-Català
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - M Carla Piazzon
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Silvia Torrecillas
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Socorro Toxqui-Rodríguez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Josep À Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | | | - Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
| | - Daniel Montero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Crta. Taliarte s/n, 35214 Telde, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS, CSIC), 12595 Castellón, Spain
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25
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Renal Health Improvement in Diabetes through Microbiome Modulation of the Gut-Kidney Axis with Biotics: A Systematic and Narrative Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314838. [PMID: 36499168 PMCID: PMC9740604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder worldwide, with over 20% of patients ultimately developing diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a complex nephropathic complication that is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Various clinical trials have utilized probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics to attempt to positively modulate the gut microbiome via the gut-kidney axis, but consensus is limited. We conducted a multi-database systematic review to investigate the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on various biomarkers of renal health in diabetes, based on studies published through 10 April 2022. Adhering to the Cochrane Collaboration and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, relevant articles were systematically screened and extracted by independent reviewers; subsequently, results were systematically compiled, analyzed, and expanded through a narrative discussion. A total of 16 publications encompassing 903 diabetic individuals met the inclusion criteria. Our findings show that some studies report statistically significant changes in common renal markers, such as serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate, blood urea nitrogen/urea, microalbuminuria, and uric acid, but not on serum albumin, sodium, potassium, phosphorous, or total urine protein. Interestingly, these nutraceuticals seem to increase serum uric acid concentrations, an inflammatory marker usually associated with decreased renal health. We found that probiotics from the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium families were the most investigated, followed by Streptococcus thermophilus. Prebiotics including inulin, galacto-oligosaccharide, and resistant dextrin were also examined. The single-species probiotic soymilk formulation of Lactobacillus plantarum A7 possessed effects on multiple renal biomarkers in DKD patients without adverse events. We further investigated the optimum nutraceutical formulation, discussed findings from prior studies, described the gut-kidney axis in diabetes and DKD, and finally commented on some possible mechanisms of action of these nutraceuticals on renal health in diabetics. Although probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have shown some potential in ameliorating renal health degradation in diabetes via gut-kidney axis crosstalk, larger and more convincing trials with focused objectives and next-generation nutraceutical formulations are required to investigate their possible role as adjunct therapy in such patients.
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Drake AM, Coughlan MT, Christophersen CT, Snelson M. Resistant Starch as a Dietary Intervention to Limit the Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:4547. [PMID: 36364808 PMCID: PMC9656781 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease, and as the number of individuals with diabetes increases there is a concomitant increase in the prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Diabetes contributes to the development of DKD through a number of pathways, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and the gut-kidney axis, which may be amenable to dietary therapy. Resistant starch (RS) is a dietary fibre that alters the gut microbial consortium, leading to an increase in the microbial production of short chain fatty acids. Evidence from animal and human studies indicate that short chain fatty acids are able to attenuate inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways, which may mitigate the progression of DKD. In this review, we evaluate and summarise the evidence from both preclinical models of DKD and clinical trials that have utilised RS as a dietary therapy to limit the progression of DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Drake
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Melinda T. Coughlan
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne 3004, Australia
| | - Claus T. Christophersen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup 6027, Australia
- WA Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, School of Molecular Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Matthew Snelson
- Glycation, Nutrition and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
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27
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Li HB, Xu ML, Xu XD, Tang YY, Jiang HL, Li L, Xia WJ, Cui N, Bai J, Dai ZM, Han B, Li Y, Peng B, Dong YY, Aryal S, Manandhar I, Eladawi MA, Shukla R, Kang YM, Joe B, Yang T. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Attenuates CKD via Butyrate-Renal GPR43 Axis. Circ Res 2022; 131:e120-e134. [PMID: 36164984 PMCID: PMC9588706 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite available clinical management strategies, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, which beckons new solutions. Host-microbial interactions with a depletion of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in CKD are reported. However, the mechanisms about if and how F prausnitzii can be used as a probiotic to treat CKD remains unknown. METHODS We evaluated the microbial compositions in 2 independent CKD populations for any potential probiotic. Next, we investigated if supplementation of such probiotic in a mouse CKD model can restore gut-renal homeostasis as monitored by its effects on suppression on renal inflammation, improvement in gut permeability and renal function. Last, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the probiotic-induced beneficial outcomes. RESULTS We observed significant depletion of Faecalibacterium in the patients with CKD in both Western (n=283) and Eastern populations (n=75). Supplementation of F prausnitzii to CKD mice reduced renal dysfunction, renal inflammation, and lowered the serum levels of various uremic toxins. These are coupled with improved gut microbial ecology and intestinal integrity. Moreover, we demonstrated that the beneficial effects in kidney induced by F prausnitzii-derived butyrate were through the GPR (G protein-coupled receptor)-43. CONCLUSIONS Using a mouse CKD model, we uncovered a novel beneficial role of F prausnitzii in the restoration of renal function in CKD, which is, at least in part, attributed to the butyrate-mediated GPR-43 signaling in the kidney. Our study provides the necessary foundation to harness the therapeutic potential of F prausnitzii for ameliorating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bao Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Meng-Lu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Yu-Yan Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201199, China
| | - Hong-Li Jiang
- Department of Renal Dialysis, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710077, China
| | - Wen-Jie Xia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Nan Cui
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Juan Bai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Brain Science, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, China
| | - Bei Han
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Sachin Aryal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Ishan Manandhar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Mahmoud Ali Eladawi
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Rammohan Shukla
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
| | - Bina Joe
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, OH 43614, USA
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Homeostasis in the Gut Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100648. [PMID: 36287917 PMCID: PMC9610479 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota consists of trillions of microorganisms, fulfilling important roles in metabolism, nutritional intake, physiology and maturation of the immune system, but also aiding and abetting the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The human gut microbiome consists of bacterial species from five major bacterial phyla, namely Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. Alterations in the members of these phyla alter the total gut microbiota, with a decline in the number of symbiotic flora and an increase in the pathogenic bacteria, causing or aggravating CKD. In addition, CKD-associated alteration of this intestinal microbiome results in metabolic changes and the accumulation of amines, indoles and phenols, among other uremic metabolites, which have a feedforward adverse effect on CKD patients, inhibiting renal functions and increasing comorbidities such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A classification of uremic toxins according to the degree of known toxicity based on the experimental evidence of their toxicity (number of systems affected) and overall experimental and clinical evidence was selected to identify the representative uremic toxins from small water-soluble compounds, protein-bound compounds and middle molecules and their relation to the gut microbiota was summarized. Gut-derived uremic metabolites accumulating in CKD patients further exhibit cell-damaging properties, damage the intestinal epithelial cell wall, increase gut permeability and lead to the translocation of bacteria and endotoxins from the gut into the circulatory system. Elevated levels of endotoxins lead to endotoxemia and inflammation, further accelerating CKD progression. In recent years, the role of the gut microbiome in CKD pathophysiology has emerged as an important aspect of corrective treatment; however, the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota contributes to CKD progression are still not completely understood. Therefore, this review summarizes the current state of research regarding CKD and the gut microbiota, alterations in the microbiome, uremic toxin production, and gut epithelial barrier degradation.
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Riera-Ferrer E, Piazzon MC, Del Pozo R, Palenzuela O, Estensoro I, Sitjà-Bobadilla A. A bloody interaction: plasma proteomics reveals gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) impairment caused by Sparicotyle chrysophrii. PARASITES & VECTORS 2022; 15:322. [PMID: 36088326 PMCID: PMC9463799 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05441-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Sparicotylosis is an enzootic parasitic disease that is well established across the Mediterranean Sea. It is caused by the polyopisthocotylean monogenean Sparicotyle chrysophrii and affects the gills of gilthead sea bream (GSB; Sparus aurata). Current disease management, mitigation and treatment strategies are limited against sparicotylosis. To successfully develop more efficient therapeutic strategies against this disease, understanding which molecular mechanisms and metabolic pathways are altered in the host is critical. This study aims to elucidate how S. chrysophrii infection modulates the plasma proteome of GSB and to identify the main altered biological processes involved. Methods Experimental infections were conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) in which naïve recipient GSB ([R]; 70 g; n = 50) were exposed to effluent water from S. chrysophrii-infected GSB (98 g; n = 50). An additional tank containing unexposed naïve fish (control [C]; 70 g; n = 50) was maintained in parallel, but with the open water flow disconnected from the RAS. Haematological and infection parameters from sampled C and R fish were recorded for 10 weeks. Plasma samples from R fish were categorised into three different groups according to their infection intensity, which was based on the number of worms fish−1: low (L: 1–50), medium (51–100) and high (H: > 100). Five plasma samples from each category and five C samples were selected and subjected to a SWATH-MS proteome analysis. Additional assays on haemoglobin, cholesterol and the lytic activity of the alternative complement pathway were performed to validate the proteome analysis findings. Results The discriminant analysis of plasma protein abundance revealed a clear separation into three groups (H, M/L and C). A pathway analysis was performed with the differentially quantified proteins, indicating that the parasitic infection mainly affected pathways related to haemostasis, the immune system and lipid metabolism and transport. Twenty-two proteins were significantly correlated with infection intensity, highlighting the importance of apolipoproteins, globins and complement component 3. Validation assays of blood and plasma (haemoglobin, cholesterol and lytic activity of alternative complement pathway) confirmed these correlations. Conclusions Sparicotylosis profoundly alters the haemostasis, the innate immune system and the lipid metabolism and transport in GSB. This study gives a crucial global overview of the pathogenesis of sparicotylosis and highlights new targets for further research. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05441-1.
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Gondalia SV, Wymond B, Benassi-Evans B, Berbezy P, Bird AR, Belobrajdic DP. Substitution of Refined Conventional Wheat Flour with Wheat High in Resistant Starch Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2022; 152:1426-1437. [PMID: 35102419 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistant starch (RS) confers many health benefits, mostly through the microbial production of SCFAs, but foods containing appreciable RS are limited. High-amylose wheat (HAW) is high in RS and lowers the glycemic response of foods, but whether it can improve gastrointestinal health measures is unknown. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine whether daily consumption of HAW food products improved markers of gastrointestinal health in healthy men and women compared with similar foods made from conventional wheat. METHODS Eighty healthy adults (47 women and 33 men) were enrolled in a 4-arm parallel, randomized-controlled, double-blind trial. After a 2-wk low-dietary fiber run-in period, they were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: low-amylose wheat (LAW)-refined (LAW-R), LAW-wholemeal (LAW-W), HAW-refined (HAW-R), and HAW-wholemeal (HAW-W) and consumed the assigned test bread (160 g/d) and biscuits (75 g/d) for 4 wk. Fecal biochemical markers were measured at baseline and 4 wk. Microbial abundance and diversity were quantified using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and perceived gut comfort by a semiquantitative questionnaire completed at baseline, 2 wk, and 4 wk. RESULTS HAW showed similar effects on fecal output and excretion of total SCFA compared with LAW, but changes were observed in secondary measures for the refined treatment groups. At 4 wk, the HAW-R group had 38% higher fecal butyrate excretion than the LAW-R group (P < 0.05), and higher fecal SCFA-producing bacteria, Roseburia inulinivorans (P < 0.001), than at baseline. In comparison with baseline, LAW-R increased fecal p-cresol concentration, and fecal abundance of a p-cresol-producing bacterium, Clostridium from the Peptostreptococcaceae family, but both were reduced by HAW-R. Amylose level did not affect measures of fecal consistency or adversely affecting digestive comfort. CONCLUSIONS Increasing RS intake of healthy adults by substituting refined conventional wheat with refined HAW modulates fecal metabolites and microbes associated with gastrointestinal health.This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12618001060235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakuntla V Gondalia
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Brooke Wymond
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bianca Benassi-Evans
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Anthony R Bird
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Damien P Belobrajdic
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Naya-Català F, Piazzon MC, Calduch-Giner JA, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Pérez-Sánchez J. Diet and Host Genetics Drive the Bacterial and Fungal Intestinal Metatranscriptome of Gilthead Sea Bream. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:883738. [PMID: 35602034 PMCID: PMC9121002 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.883738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is now recognised as a key target for improving aquaculture profit and sustainability, but we still lack insights into the activity of microbes in fish mucosal surfaces. In the present study, a metatranscriptomic approach was used to reveal the expression of gut microbial genes in the farmed gilthead sea bream. Archaeal and viral transcripts were a minority but, interestingly and contrary to rRNA amplicon-based studies, fungal transcripts were as abundant as bacterial ones, and increased in fish fed a plant-enriched diet. This dietary intervention also drove a differential metatranscriptome in fish selected for fast and slow growth. Such differential response reinforced the results of previously inferred metabolic pathways, enlarging, at the same time, the catalogue of microbial functions in the intestine. Accordingly, vitamin and amino acid metabolism, and rhythmic and symbiotic processes were mostly shaped by bacteria, whereas fungi were more specifically configuring the host immune, digestive, or endocrine processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Naya-Català
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - M. Carla Piazzon
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
- M. Carla Piazzon,
| | - Josep A. Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal Spanish National Research Council (IATS-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jaume Pérez-Sánchez,
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Goto M, Kobira Y, Kaneko S, Arima H, Michihara A, Azuma K, Higashi T, Motoyama K, Watanabe H, Maruyama T, Kadowaki D, Otagiri M, Iohara D, Hirayama F, Anraku M. The Effects of Sacran, a Sulfated Polysaccharide, on Gut Microbiota Using Chronic Kidney Disease Model Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:576-582. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | - Yusei Kobira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University
| | | | | | - Akihiro Michihara
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University
| | - Kazuo Azuma
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Taishi Higashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | | | | | - Toru Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
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Duan X, Zhang W, Li J, Xu H, Hu J, Zhao L, Ma Y. Comparative metabolomics analysis revealed biomarkers and distinct flavonoid biosynthesis regulation in Chrysanthemum mongolicum and C. rhombifolium. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:373-385. [PMID: 34750870 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chrysanthemums are traditional flowers that originated in China and have high ornamental, economic and medicinal value. They are widely used as herbal remedies and consumed as food or beverages in folk medicine. However, little is known about their metabolic composition. OBJECTIVES The aims of this work were to determine the metabolic composition of and natural variation among different species of Chrysanthemum and to explore new potential resources for drug discovery and sustainable utilisation of wild Chrysanthemum. METHODS The metabolomes of Chrysanthemum mongolicum (Ling) Tzvel. and Chrysanthemum rhombifolium H. Ohashi & Yonek. were compared using a widely targeted metabolomics approach based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS In total, 477 metabolites were identified, of which 72 showed significant differences in expression between C. mongolicum and C. rhombifolium, mainly in flavonoids, organic acids and nucleotides. The flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway showed significant enrichment among the differentially expressed metabolites. The contents of genkwanin, trigonelline, diosmin, narcissoside, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, linarin, N',N'-p-coumarin, C-hexosyl-tricetin O-pentoside, chrysoeriol, acacetin and kaempferol-3-O-gentiobioside were significantly different between the two species and represent potential biomarkers. CONCLUSION The types of flavonoid-related metabolites in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway differed between C. mongolicum and C. rhombifolium. The mechanisms underlying the unique adaptations of these two species to their environments may involve variations in the composition and abundance of flavonoids, organic acids, and nucleotides. These methods are promising to identify functional compounds in Chrysanthemum species and can provide potential resources for drug discovery and the sustainable utilisation of Chrysanthemum plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaxia Duan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing Hu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangling, China
| | - Yueping Ma
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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Huang Y, Xin W, Xiong J, Yao M, Zhang B, Zhao J. The Intestinal Microbiota and Metabolites in the Gut-Kidney-Heart Axis of Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837500. [PMID: 35370631 PMCID: PMC8971625 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidences demonstrate the involvement of gut microbiota in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD-associated complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and intestinal dysfunction. In this review, we discuss the interactions between the gut, kidney and heart in CKD state, and elucidate the significant role of intestinal microbiota in the gut-kidney-heart axis hypothesis for the pathophysiological mechanisms of these diseases, during which process mitochondria may serve as a potential therapeutic target. Dysregulation of this axis will lead to a vicious circle, contributing to CKD progression. Recent studies suggest novel therapies targeting gut microbiota in the gut-kidney-heart axis, including dietary intervention, probiotics, prebiotics, genetically engineered bacteria, fecal microbiota transplantation, bacterial metabolites modulation, antibiotics, conventional drugs and traditional Chinese medicine. Further, the identification of specific microbial communities and their corresponding pathophysiological metabolites and the illumination of the gut-kidney-heart axis may contribute to innovative basic research, clinical trials and therapeutic strategies against CKD progression and uremic complications in CKD patients.
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35
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Chua KO, Fatima I, Lau YY, Hong KW, Yin WF, Mardaryev A, Chan KG, Chang CY. Bacterial microbiome of faecal samples of naked mole-rat collected from the toilet chamber. BMC Res Notes 2022; 15:107. [PMID: 35303951 PMCID: PMC8932300 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-022-06000-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The naked mole rats (NMRs, Heterocephalus glaber) are subterranean rodents that belong to the family Bathyergidae. They gained the attention of the scientific community for their exceptionally long lifespan of up to 30 years and have become an animal model of biomedical research on neurodegenerative diseases, aging and cancer. NMRs dig and survive in a maze of underground tunnels and chambers and demarcate toilet chambers for defecation and urination. Due to their coprophagic behaviours, we believed that the toilet chamber might play a role in maintaining optimal health of the NMRs. A 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed to characterize the bacterial microbiome of faecal samples collected from the toilet chamber of a laboratory NMR colony. Results Four faecal samples were collected at different time points from the same toilet chamber of a laboratory NMR colony for analysis. The 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing revealed that bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant taxa in the bacterial microbiome of NMRs. The relative abundance of the bacterial taxa shifted substantially between time points, indicating a dynamic microbiome in the toilet chamber. The data provided an insight to the faecal microbiome of NMRs in the toilet chamber. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-022-06000-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah-Ooi Chua
- Centre for Research in Biotechnology for Agriculture, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Iqra Fatima
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Yin Yin Lau
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kar Wai Hong
- International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wai-Fong Yin
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Andrei Mardaryev
- Centre for Skin Sciences, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. .,International Genome Centre, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. .,Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chien-Yi Chang
- School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, UK.
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Bendiks ZA, Guice J, Coulon D, Raggio AM, Page RC, Carvajal-Aldaz DG, Luo M, Welsh DA, Marx BD, Taylor CM, Husseneder C, Keenan MJ, Marco ML. Resistant starch type 2 and whole grain maize flours enrich different intestinal bacteria and metatranscriptomes. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Lohia S, Vlahou A, Zoidakis J. Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): An Omics Perspective. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14030176. [PMID: 35324673 PMCID: PMC8951538 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is predominant in 10% of the world’s adult population, and is increasingly considered a silent epidemic. Gut microbiota plays an essential role in maintaining host energy homeostasis and gut epithelial integrity. Alterations in gut microbiota composition, functions and, specifically, production of metabolites causing uremic toxicity are often associated with CKD onset and progression. Here, we present the latest omics (transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) studies that explore the connection between CKD and gut microbiome. A review of the available literature using PubMed was performed using the keywords “microb*”, “kidney”, “proteom”, “metabolom” and “transcript” for the last 10 years, yielding a total of 155 publications. Following selection of the relevant studies (focusing on microbiome in CKD), a predominance of metabolomics (n = 12) over transcriptomics (n = 1) and proteomics (n = 6) analyses was observed. A consensus arises supporting the idea that the uremic toxins produced in the gut cause oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in the kidney leading to CKD. Collectively, findings include an observed enrichment of Eggerthella lenta, Enterobacteriaceae and Clostridium spp., and a depletion in Bacteroides eggerthii, Roseburia faecis and Prevotella spp. occurring in CKD models. Bacterial species involved in butyrate production, indole synthesis and mucin degradation were also related to CKD. Consequently, strong links between CKD and gut microbial dysbiosis suggest potential therapeutic strategies to prevent CKD progression and portray the gut as a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonnal Lohia
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.L.); (A.V.)
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Antonia Vlahou
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.L.); (A.V.)
| | - Jerome Zoidakis
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.L.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Wehedy E, Shatat IF, Al Khodor S. The Human Microbiome in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Double-Edged Sword. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:790783. [PMID: 35111779 PMCID: PMC8801809 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.790783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing global health burden. Current treatments for CKD include therapeutics to target factors that contribute to CKD progression, including renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors, and drugs to control blood pressure and proteinuria control. Recently, associations between chronic disease processes and the human microbiota and its metabolites have been demonstrated. Dysbiosis—a change in the microbial diversity—has been observed in patients with CKD. The relationship between CKD and dysbiosis is bidirectional; gut-derived metabolites and toxins affect the progression of CKD, and the uremic milieu affects the microbiota. The accumulation of microbial metabolites and toxins is linked to the loss of kidney functions and increased mortality risk, yet renoprotective metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids and bile acids help restore kidney functions and increase the survival rate in CKD patients. Specific dietary interventions to alter the gut microbiome could improve clinical outcomes in patients with CKD. Low-protein and high-fiber diets increase the abundance of bacteria that produce short-chain fatty acids and anti-inflammatory bacteria. Fluctuations in the urinary microbiome are linked to increased susceptibility to infection and antibiotic resistance. In this review, we describe the potential role of the gut, urinary and blood microbiome in CKD pathophysiology and assess the feasibility of modulating the gut microbiota as a therapeutic tool for treating CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Wehedy
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Souhaila Al Khodor
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Souhaila Al Khodor
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Liu J, Zhong J, Yang H, Wang D, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Xing G, Kon V. Biotic Supplements in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Ren Nutr 2022; 32:10-21. [PMID: 34666930 PMCID: PMC9793596 DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gut flora imbalance characterizes patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Although biotic supplementation has been proposed to lessen inflammation and oxidative stress and, thus, reduce the risk of progressive kidney damage and cardiovascular disease, the effects remain controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the therapeutic benefits of biotics in CKD. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials that evaluated any biotic (prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotics) supplements in patients with CKD (CKD, stage 3-4 to end-stage renal disease). Primary endpoints included changes in renal function, markers of inflammation, and oxidative stress. Secondary endpoints included changes in levels of uremic toxins and variations in lipid metabolism. RESULTS Twenty-three eligible studies included 842 participants. In a pooled-analysis, biotics did not change estimated glomerular filtration rate (mean difference [MD] = 0.08, P = .92) or serum albumin (MD = -0.01, P = .86), although prebiotics reduced serum creatinine (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.23, P = .009) and blood urea nitrogen (MD = -6.05, P < .00001). Biotics improved total antioxidative capacity (SMD = 0.37, P = .007) and malondialdehyde (SMD = -0.96, P = .006) and reduced the inflammatory marker interleukin-6 (SMD = -0.30, P = .01) although not C-reactive protein (SMD = -0.22, P = .20). Biotic intervention reduced some uremic toxins, including p-cresol sulfate (SMD = -2.18, P < .0001) and indoxyl sulfate (MD = -5.14, P = .0009), which decreased in dialysis-dependent patients. Another toxin, indole-3-acetic acid (MD = -0.22, P = .63), did not change. Lipids were unaffected by biotic intervention (total cholesterol: SMD = -0.01, P = .89; high-density lipoprotein: SMD = -0.08, P = .76; low-density lipoprotein: MD = 3.54, P = .28; triglyceride: MD = -2.26, P = .58). CONCLUSION The results highlight the favorable influence of biotics on circulating markers of creatinine, oxidant stress (malondialdehyde, total antioxidative capacity), inflammation (interleukin-6), and uremic toxins (p-cresol sulfate) in patients with CKD. Biotics did not affect estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin, indole-3-acetic acid, or lipids in either predialysis or dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - JianYong Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - HaiChun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN.,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - DongQin Wang
- Dongjing Town Health Service Center, Songjiang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - YuMeng Yang
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - GuoLan Xing
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University Institute of Nephrology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Valentina Kon
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Iatcu CO, Steen A, Covasa M. Gut Microbiota and Complications of Type-2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010166. [PMID: 35011044 PMCID: PMC8747253 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota has been linked to the emergence of obesity, metabolic syndrome and the onset of type 2 diabetes through decreased glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to serious health consequences such as impaired kidney function, blindness, stroke, myocardial infarction and lower limb amputation. Despite a variety of treatments currently available, cases of diabetes and resulting complications are on the rise. One promising new approach to diabetes focuses on modulating the gut microbiota with probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbial transplantation. Differences in gut microbiota composition have been observed in preclinical animal models as well as patients with type 2 diabetes and complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, cerebrovascular disease, coronary heart disease and peripheral artery disease compared to healthy controls. Severity of gut microbiota dysbiosis was associated with disease severity and restoration with probiotic administration in animal models and human patients has been associated with improvement of symptoms and disease progression. Characterizing the gut microbiota dysbiosis in different diseases and determining a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and disease can be beneficial in formulating therapeutic interventions for type 2 diabetes and associated complications. In this review, we present the most important findings regarding the role of the gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes and chronic complications as well as their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Oana Iatcu
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- College of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Aimee Steen
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
| | - Mihai Covasa
- College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania;
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA;
- Correspondence:
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Gebeyew K, Chen K, Wassie T, Azad MAK, He J, Jiang W, Song W, He Z, Tan Z. Dietary Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio Modulates Cecal Microbiota and Metabolites in Weaned Goats. Front Nutr 2021; 8:774766. [PMID: 34957184 PMCID: PMC8697430 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.774766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing the ratio of amylose in the diet can increase the quantity of starch that flows to the large intestine for microbial fermentation. This leads to the alteration of microbiota and metabolite of the hindgut, where the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. The present study used a combination of 16S amplicon sequencing technology and metabolomics technique to reveal the effects of increasing ratios of amylose/amylopectin on cecal mucosa- and digesta-associated microbiota and their metabolites in young goats. Twenty-seven Xiangdong black female goats with average body weights (9.00 ± 1.12 kg) were used in this study. The goats were randomly allocated to one of the three diets containing starch with 0% amylose corn (T1), 50% high amylose corn (T2), and 100% high amylose corn (T3) for 35 days. Results showed that cecal valerate concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in the T2 group than those in the T1 and T3 groups. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-6 were decreased (P < 0.05) in cecal tissue while IL-10 was increased (P < 0.05) in the T2 group when compared with T1 or T3 groups. At the phylum level, the proportion of mucosa-associated Spirochaetes was increased (P < 0.05), while Proteobacteria was deceased by feeding high amylose ratios (P < 0.05). The abundance of Verrucomicrobia was decreased (P < 0.05) in the T3 group compared with the T1 and T2 groups. The abundance of digesta-associated Firmicutes was increased (P < 0.05) while Verrucomicrobia and Tenericutes were deceased (P < 0.05) with the increment of amylose/amylopectin ratios. The LEfSe analysis showed that a diet with 50% high amylose enriched the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus in the digesta and Akkermansia in the mucosa compared with the T1 diet. The metabolomics results revealed that feeding a diet containing 50% high amylose decreased the concentration of fatty acyls-related metabolites, including dodecanedioic acid, heptadecanoic acid, and stearidonic acid ethyl ester compared with the T1 diet. The results suggested that a diet consisting of 50% high amylose could maintain a better cecal microbiota composition and host immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kefyalew Gebeyew
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Teketay Wassie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Md Abul Kalam Azad
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Weimin Jiang
- Herbivore Nutrition Department, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha, China
| | - Wu Song
- Herbivore Nutrition Department, Hunan Institute of Animal and Veterinary Science, Changsha, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Processes, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Merino-Ribas A, Araujo R, Bancu I, Graterol F, Vergara A, Noguera-Julian M, Paredes R, Bonal J, Sampaio-Maia B. Gut microbiome in hemodialysis patients treated with calcium acetate or treated with sucroferric oxyhydroxide: a pilot study. Int Urol Nephrol 2021; 54:2015-2023. [PMID: 34923600 PMCID: PMC9262763 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-021-03091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been proved that the gut microbiome is altered in patients with chronic kidney disease. This contributes to chronic inflammation and increases cardiovascular risk and mortality, especially in those undergoing hemodialysis. Phosphate binders may potentially induce changes in their microbiome. This trial aimed to compare the changes in the gut microbiome of hemodialysis patients treated with calcium acetate to those treated with sucroferric oxyhydroxide. METHODS Twelve hemodialysis patients were distributed to receive calcium acetate or sucroferric oxyhydroxide for 5 months. Blood samples (for biochemical analysis) and stool samples (for microbiome analysis) were collected at baseline, 4, 12, and 20 weeks after treatment initiation. Fecal DNA was extracted and a 16S rRNA sequencing library was constructed targeting the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions. RESULTS Regarding clinical variables and laboratory parameters, no statistically significant differences were observed between calcium acetate or sucroferric oxyhydroxide groups. When analyzing stool samples, we found that all patients were different (p = 0.001) among themselves and these differences were kept along the 20 weeks of treatment. The clustering analysis in microbial profiles grouped the samples of the same patient independently of the treatment followed and the stage of the treatment. CONCLUSION These results suggest that a 5-month treatment with either calcium acetate or sucroferric oxyhydroxide did not modify baseline diversity or baseline bacterial composition in hemodialysis patients, also about the high-variability profiles of the gut microbiome found among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Merino-Ribas
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain. .,Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari de Girona Doctor Josep Trueta, Avinguda de França S/N, 17007, Girona, Spain. .,i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Araujo
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ioana Bancu
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Fredzzia Graterol
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Andrea Vergara
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marc Noguera-Julian
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Paredes
- IrsiCaixa AIDS Research Institute, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Bonal
- Nephrology Department, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Benedita Sampaio-Maia
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Xie H, Chen F, Yin H, Peng G, You C, Qin P, Jiang S, Guo X. Characterization and comparison of lipids in Camellia oleifera kernels of XL210 and XL1 based on LC-MS/MS. REPRODUCTION AND BREEDING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbre.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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44
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Immune Status and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity of Gilthead Seabream Sparus aurata Juveniles Fed Yeast and Microalga Derived β-glucans. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120653. [PMID: 34940652 PMCID: PMC8704051 DOI: 10.3390/md19120653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation with β-glucans extracted from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and microalga (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) on gene expression, oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma immune parameters in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. A practical commercial diet was used as the control (CTRL), and three others based on CTRL were further supplemented with different β-glucan extracts. One was derived from S. cerevisiae (diet MG) and two different extracts of 21% and 37% P. tricornutum-derived β-glucans (defined as Phaeo21 and Phaeo37), to give a final 0.06% β-glucan dietary concentration. Quadruplicate groups of 95 gilthead seabream (initial body weight: 4.1 ± 0.1 g) were fed to satiation three times a day for 8 weeks in a pulse-feeding regimen, with experimental diets intercalated with the CTRL dietary treatment every 2 weeks. After 8 weeks of feeding, all groups showed equal growth performance and no changes were found in plasma innate immune status. Nonetheless, fish groups fed β-glucans supplemented diets showed an improved anti-oxidant status compared to those fed CTRL at both sampling points (i.e., 2 and 8 weeks). The intestinal gene expression analysis highlighted the immunomodulatory role of Phaeo37 diet after 8 weeks, inducing an immune tolerance effect in gilthead seabream intestine, and a general down-regulation of immune-related gene expression. In conclusion, the results suggest that the dietary pulse administration of a P. tricornutum 37% enriched-β-glucans extract might be used as a counter-measure in a context of gut inflammation, due to its immune-tolerant and anti-oxidative effects.
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He Y, Chen H, Zhao J, Yang Y, Yang B, Feng L, Zhang Y, Wei P, Hou D, Zhao J, Yu M. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis to reveal major genes of saikosaponin biosynthesis in Bupleurum chinense. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:839. [PMID: 34798822 PMCID: PMC8603497 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bupleurum chinense DC. is a widely used traditional Chinese medicinal plant. Saikosaponins are the major bioactive constituents of B. chinense, but relatively little is known about saikosaponin biosynthesis. In the present study, we performed an integrated analysis of metabolic composition and the expressed genes involved in saikosaponin biosynthetic pathways among four organs (the root, flower, stem, and leaf) of B. chinense to discover the genes related to the saikosaponin biosynthetic pathway. RESULTS Transcript and metabolite profiles were generated through high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data analysis and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Evaluation of saikosaponin contents and transcriptional changes showed 152 strong correlations (P < 0.05) over 3 compounds and 77 unigenes. These unigenes belonged to eight gene families: the acetoacetyl CoA transferase (AACT) (6), HMG-CoA synthase (HMGS) (2), HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) (2), mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase (MVD) (1), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) (3), farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) (11), β-amyrin synthase (β-AS) (13) and cytochrome P450 enzymes (P450s) (39) families. CONCLUSIONS Our results investigated the diversity of the saikosaponin triterpene biosynthetic pathway in the roots, stems, leaves and flowers of B. chinese by integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, implying that manipulation of P450s genes such as Bc95697 and Bc35434 might improve saikosaponin biosynthesis. This is a good candidate for the genetic improvement of this important medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilian He
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxia Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Resources, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sciences, 51 4th Section S. Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Liang Feng
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiguan Zhang
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dabin Hou
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Ma Yu
- School of life science and engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 59 Qinglong Road, Mianyang, 621010, Sichuan, China. .,Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Cultivation, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Xu W, Watanabe K, Mizukami Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Hydrogen sulfide suppresses the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through cell cycle arrest. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 712:109044. [PMID: 34597656 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely related to the changes in the intestinal microbiota and integrity. Our previous studies have shown the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing bacterial family, Desulfovibrionacea, in the colon of a murine model of CKD, suggesting that the increased H2S contributes to the impaired intestinal integrity in CKD. Here, we investigated the anti-proliferative effect of H2S in the intestinal epithelial cells. A slow- H2S releasing molecule GYY4137 ((p-methoxyphenyl)morpholino-phosphinodithioic acid) reduced the proliferation of Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that GYY4137 accumulated Caco-2 cells in the S phase fraction, suggesting that H2S arrested the cell cycle at G2 and/or M phases. The RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that GYY4137 modulated the mRNA expression of the genes involved in the G2/M and the spindle assembly checkpoints; increased mRNA levels of Cdkn1a, Gadd45a, and Sfn and decreased mRNA levels of Cdc20, Pttg1, and Ccnb1 were observed. These alterations were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. Besides, studies exploring the MEK inhibitor indicated that MEK activation is involved in the GYY4137-mediated increase in the Sfn expression. Altogether, our data showed that H2S reduced the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through transcriptional regulation in G2/M and the spindle assembly checkpoints. This may be one of the underlying mechanisms for the observed impaired intestinal integrity in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Xu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Institute of Gene Research, Yamaguchi University Science Research Center, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoichi Mizukami
- Institute of Gene Research, Yamaguchi University Science Research Center, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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Feng Z, Wang T, Dong S, Jiang H, Zhang J, Raza HK, Lei G. Association between gut dysbiosis and chronic kidney disease: a narrative review of the literature. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211053276. [PMID: 34704483 PMCID: PMC8554569 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211053276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious non-communicable disease that poses a significant burden on healthcare and society. It is essential to devise new strategies to better treat patients with CKD. Research has illustrated that gut dysbiosis, describing an abnormal intestinal ecology, is closely associated with CKD. In this narrative review, we summarized the evidence of their mutual relationship and discussed the potential treatment options to correct gut dysbiosis in patients with CKD. Gut dysbiosis significantly increases the risk of CKD, especially in the older population. Gut dysbiosis also plays a role in CKD complications, such as hypertension, cardiovascular events, and cognitive dysfunction. The relationship between gut dysbiosis and CKD is bidirectional, and CKD itself can lead to changes in gut microecology. The usual therapies for CKD can also increase the incidence of gut dysbiosis. Meanwhile, probiotics and antibiotics are generally used to correct gut dysbiosis. Further studies are required to elaborate the association between gut dysbiosis and CKD, and more treatment options should be explored to prevent CKD in patients with gut dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Feng
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sheng Dong
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | | | | | - Genping Lei
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.,Dialysis Department of Nephrology Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Naya-Català F, do Vale Pereira G, Piazzon MC, Fernandes AM, Calduch-Giner JA, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Conceição LEC, Pérez-Sánchez J. Cross-Talk Between Intestinal Microbiota and Host Gene Expression in Gilthead Sea Bream ( Sparus aurata) Juveniles: Insights in Fish Feeds for Increased Circularity and Resource Utilization. Front Physiol 2021; 12:748265. [PMID: 34675821 PMCID: PMC8523787 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.748265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
New types of fish feed based on processed animal proteins (PAPs), insect meal, yeast, and microbial biomasses have been used with success in gilthead sea bream. However, some drawback effects on feed conversion and inflammatory systemic markers were reported in different degrees with PAP- and non-PAP-based feed formulations. Here, we focused on the effects of control and two experimental diets on gut mucosal-adherent microbiota, and how it correlated with host transcriptomics at the local (intestine) and systemic (liver and head kidney) levels. The use of tissue-specific PCR-arrays of 93 genes in total rendered 13, 12, and 9 differentially expressed (DE) genes in the intestine, liver, and head kidney, respectively. Illumina sequencing of gut microbiota yielded a mean of 125,350 reads per sample, assigned to 1,281 operational taxonomic unit (OTUs). Bacterial richness and alpha diversity were lower in fish fed with the PAP diet, and discriminant analysis displayed 135 OTUs driving the separation between groups with 43 taxa correlating with 27 DE genes. The highest expression of intestinal pcna and alpi was achieved in PAP fish with intermediate values in non-PAP, being the pro-inflammatory action of alpi associated with the presence of Psychrobacter piscatorii. The intestinal muc13 gene was down-regulated in non-PAP fish, with this gene being negatively correlated with anaerobic (Chloroflexi and Anoxybacillus) and metal-reducing (Pelosinus and Psychrosinus) bacteria. Other inflammatory markers (igm, il8, tnfα) were up-regulated in PAP fish, positively correlating the intestinal igm gene with the inflammasome activator Escherichia/Shigella, whereas the systemic expression of il8 and tnfα was negatively correlated with the Bacilli class in PAP fish and positively correlated with Paracoccus yeei in non-PAP fish. Overall changes in the expression pattern of il10, galectins (lgals1, lgals8), and toll-like receptors (tlr2, tlr5, tlr9) reinforced the anti-inflammatory profile of fish fed with the non-PAP diet, with these gene markers being associated with a wide range of OTUs. A gut microbiota-liver axis was also established, linking the microbial generation of short chain fatty acids with the fueling of scd1- and elovl6-mediated lipogenesis. In summary, by correlating the microbiome with host gene expression, we offer new insights in the evaluation of fish diets promoting gut and metabolism homeostasis, and ultimately, the health of farmed fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Naya-Català
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | | | - M Carla Piazzon
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Ana Margarida Fernandes
- SPAROS Lda, Area Empresarial de Marim, Olhăo, Portugal.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - Ariadna Sitjà-Bobadilla
- Fish Pathology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | | | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
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Melekoglu E, Cetinkaya MA, Kepekci-Tekkeli SE, Kul O, Samur G. Effects of prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin on gut-derived uremic toxins and disease progression in rats with adenine-induced chronic kidney disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258145. [PMID: 34614017 PMCID: PMC8494360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases gut-derived uremic toxins (GDUT) generation, leads to systemic inflammation, reactive oxygen species generation, and poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation on GDUT levels, inflammatory and antioxidant parameters, renal damage, and intestinal barrier function in adenine-induced CKD rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (CTL, n = 12) fed with standard diet; and CKD group (n = 16) given adenine (200 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage for 3-weeks to induce CKD. At the 4th week, CKD rats were subdivided into prebiotic supplementation (5g/kg/day) for four consecutive weeks (CKD-Pre, n = 8). Also, the control group was subdivided into two subgroups; prebiotic supplemented (CTL-Pre, n = 6) and non-supplemented group (CTL, n = 6). Results showed that prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation did not significantly reduce serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) but did significantly reduce serum p-Cresyl sulfate (PCS) (p = 0.002) in CKD rats. Prebiotic supplementation also reduced serum urea (p = 0.008) and interleukin (IL)-6 levels (p = 0.001), ameliorated renal injury, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (p = 0.002) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p = 0.001) in renal tissues of CKD rats. No significant changes were observed in colonic epithelial tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin in the CKD-Pre group. In adenine-induced CKD rats, oligofructose-enriched inulin supplementation resulted in a reduction in serum urea and PCS levels, enhancement of the antioxidant activity in the renal tissues, and retardation of the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Melekoglu
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Alper Cetinkaya
- Laboratory Animals Application and Research Center, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Evrim Kepekci-Tekkeli
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bezmialem Vakıf University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Oguz Kul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Gulhan Samur
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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50
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Thompson MS, Dahari SI, Shamsuddin MS, Rashed AA, Sarbini SR. Effects of sago starch on body weight, food intake, caecum short chain fatty acids, adipose tissue, and hepatic lipid content of fat-induced Sprague Dawley rats. INTERNATIONAL FOOD RESEARCH JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/ifrj.28.5.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sago starch which naturally contains high amount of resistant starch, comes to the attention due to its ability to confer health benefits as functional food i.e., prebiotic. The present work aimed to investigate the effects of sago starch consumption on body weight, satiation, caecum short chain fatty acids body, and hepatic lipid content on diet-induced obese rats for obesity management. A total of 36 male Sprague Dawley rats were fat-induced and divided into the obesity-prone and obesity-resistant groups. Eight percent and sixteen percent resistant starch from sago and Hi-maize260 were incorporated into the standardised feed formulation. Food intake was weighed throughout the intervention period. The caecum sample was subjected to short chain fatty acids analysis using HPLC. Hepatic lipid content was measured using the Folch method. Both dosages of sago starch (8 and 16% SRS) promoted body weight loss with a reduction of food intake, which suggested satiety. No significant differences was observed in the production of lactate, acetate, propionate, and butyrate from the caecum sample. Both dosages of sago starch (8 and 16% SRS) also showed lower hepatic lipid content and visceral adipose tissue than the baseline and control groups. However, 8% sago starch showed the lowest hepatic lipid content in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant groups. Overall results demonstrated that sago starch has the potential as an obesity and overweightness control regime as it promotes satiety, lowers visceral adipose tissue, and reduces hepatic lipid content. Consumers should consider adding sago starch in their daily meals.
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