1
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Reyes Ballista JM, Hoover AJ, Noble JT, Acciani MD, Miazgowicz KL, Harrison SA, Tabscott GAL, Duncan A, Barnes DN, Jimenez AR, Brindley MA. Chikungunya virus release is reduced by TIM-1 receptors through binding of envelope phosphatidylserine. J Virol 2024:e0077524. [PMID: 39007616 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00775-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobin and mucin domain protein-1 (TIM-1) mediates entry of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) into some mammalian cells through the interaction with envelope phospholipids. While this interaction enhances entry, TIM-1 has been shown to tether newly formed HIV and Ebola virus particles, limiting their efficient release. In this study, we investigate the ability of surface receptors such as TIM-1 to sequester newly budded virions on the surface of infected cells. We established a luminescence reporter system to produce chikungunya viral particles that integrate nano-luciferase and easily quantify viral particles. We found that TIM-1 on the surface of host cells significantly reduced CHIKV release efficiency in comparison to other entry factors. Removal of cell surface TIM-1 through direct cellular knock-out or altering the cellular lipid distribution enhanced CHIKV release. Over the course of infection, CHIKV was able to counteract the tethering effect by gradually decreasing the surface levels of TIM-1 in a process mediated by the nonstructural protein 2. This study highlights the importance of phosphatidylserine receptors in mediating not only the entry of CHIKV but also its release and could aid in developing cell lines capable of enhanced vaccine production. IMPORTANCE Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an enveloped alphavirus transmitted by the bites of infectious mosquitoes. Infection with CHIKV results in the development of fever, joint pain, and arthralgia that can become chronic and last for months after infection. Prevention of this disease is still highly focused on vector control strategies. In December 2023, a new live attenuated vaccine against CHIKV was approved by the FDA. We aimed to study the cellular factors involved in CHIKV release, to better understand CHIKV's ability to efficiently infect and spread among a wide variety of cell lines. We found that TIM-1 receptors can significantly abrogate CHIKV's ability to efficiently exit infected cells. This information can be beneficial for maximizing viral particle production in laboratory settings and during vaccine manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M Reyes Ballista
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Ashley J Hoover
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Joseph T Noble
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Marissa D Acciani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Kerri L Miazgowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah A Harrison
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Grace Andrea L Tabscott
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Avery Duncan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Don N Barnes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Ariana R Jimenez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Melinda A Brindley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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2
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Shan KZ, Le T, Liang P, Dong P, Lowry AJ, Kremmyda P, Claesson-Welsh L, Yang H. TMEM16F scramblase regulates angiogenesis via endothelial intracellular signaling. J Cell Sci 2024; 137:jcs261566. [PMID: 38940198 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.261566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
TMEM16F (also known as ANO6), a Ca2+-activated lipid scramblase (CaPLSase) that dynamically disrupts lipid asymmetry, plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes, such as blood coagulation, neurodegeneration, cell-cell fusion and viral infection. However, the mechanisms through which it regulates these processes remain largely elusive. Using endothelial cell-mediated angiogenesis as a model, here we report a previously unknown intracellular signaling function of TMEM16F. We demonstrate that TMEM16F deficiency impairs developmental retinal angiogenesis in mice and disrupts angiogenic processes in vitro. Biochemical analyses indicate that the absence of TMEM16F enhances the plasma membrane association of activated Src kinase. This in turn increases VE-cadherin phosphorylation and downregulation, accompanied by suppressed angiogenesis. Our findings not only highlight the role of intracellular signaling by TMEM16F in endothelial cells but also open new avenues for exploring the regulatory mechanisms for membrane lipid asymmetry and their implications in disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zoe Shan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Trieu Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Augustus J Lowry
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Polina Kremmyda
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratory, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Lena Claesson-Welsh
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck, Beijer and SciLifeLab Laboratory, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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3
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Caputo M, Ivanova D, Chasserot-Golaz S, Doussau F, Haeberlé AM, Royer C, Ozkan S, Ecard J, Vitale N, Cousin MA, Tóth P, Gasman S, Ory S. Phospholipid Scramblase 1 Controls Efficient Neurotransmission and Synaptic Vesicle Retrieval at Cerebellar Synapses. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0042242024. [PMID: 38839301 PMCID: PMC11223464 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0042-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids (PLs) are asymmetrically distributed at the plasma membrane. This asymmetric lipid distribution is transiently altered during calcium-regulated exocytosis, but the impact of this transient remodeling on presynaptic function is currently unknown. As phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) randomizes PL distribution between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane in response to calcium activation, we set out to determine its role in neurotransmission. We report here that PLSCR1 is expressed in cerebellar granule cells (GrCs) and that PLSCR1-dependent phosphatidylserine egress occurred at synapses in response to neuron stimulation. Synaptic transmission is impaired at GrC Plscr1 -/- synapses, and both PS egress and synaptic vesicle (SV) endocytosis are inhibited in Plscr1 -/- cultured neurons from male and female mice, demonstrating that PLSCR1 controls PL asymmetry remodeling and SV retrieval following neurotransmitter release. Altogether, our data reveal a novel key role for PLSCR1 in SV recycling and provide the first evidence that PL scrambling at the plasma membrane is a prerequisite for optimal presynaptic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Caputo
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Daniela Ivanova
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvette Chasserot-Golaz
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Frédéric Doussau
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Anne-Marie Haeberlé
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Cathy Royer
- Plateforme Imagerie In Vitro, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPS3256, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Sebahat Ozkan
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Jason Ecard
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
- Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, United Kingdom
| | - Petra Tóth
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
| | - Stéphane Ory
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Strasbourg F-67000, France
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4
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Zubia MV, Yong AJH, Holtz KM, Huang EJ, Jan YN, Jan LY. TMEM16F exacerbates tau pathology and mediates phosphatidylserine exposure in phospho-tau-burdened neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2311831121. [PMID: 38941274 PMCID: PMC11228522 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311831121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
TMEM16F is a calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase and nonselective ion channel, which allows the movement of lipids bidirectionally across the plasma membrane. While the functions of TMEM16F have been extensively characterized in multiple cell types, the role of TMEM16F in the central nervous system remains largely unknown. Here, we sought to study how TMEM16F in the brain may be involved in neurodegeneration. Using a mouse model that expresses the pathological P301S human tau (PS19 mouse), we found reduced tauopathy and microgliosis in 6- to 7-mo-old PS19 mice lacking TMEM16F. Furthermore, this reduction of pathology can be recapitulated in the PS19 mice with TMEM16F removed from neurons, while removal of TMEM16F from microglia of PS19 mice did not significantly impact tauopathy at this time point. Moreover, TMEM16F mediated aberrant phosphatidylserine exposure in neurons with phospho-tau burden. These studies raise the prospect of targeting TMEM16F in neurons as a potential treatment of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario V Zubia
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Adeline J H Yong
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | | | - Eric J Huang
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Yuh Nung Jan
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Lily Y Jan
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
- HHMI, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143
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5
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Lin WY, Chung WY, Muallem S. The tether function of the anoctamins. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102875. [PMID: 38701708 PMCID: PMC11166512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The core functions of the anoctamins are Cl- channel activity and phosphatidylserine (and perhaps other lipids) scrambling. These functions have been extensively studied in various tissues and cells. However, another function of the anoctamins that is less recognized and minimally explored is as tethers at membrane contact sites. This short review aims to examine evidence supporting the localization of the anoctamins at membrane contact sites, their tether properties, and their functions as tethers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yin Lin
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Woo Young Chung
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shmuel Muallem
- From the Epithelial Signaling and Transport Section, National Institute of Dental Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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6
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Feng Z, Di Zanni E, Alvarenga O, Chakraborty S, Rychlik N, Accardi A. In or out of the groove? Mechanisms of lipid scrambling by TMEM16 proteins. Cell Calcium 2024; 121:102896. [PMID: 38749289 PMCID: PMC11178363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipid scramblases mediate the rapid movement of lipids between membrane leaflets, a key step in establishing and maintaining membrane homeostasis of the membranes of all eukaryotic cells and their organelles. Thus, impairment of lipid scrambling can lead to a variety of pathologies. How scramblases catalyzed the transbilayer movement of lipids remains poorly understood. Despite the availability of direct structural information on three unrelated families of scramblases, the TMEM16s, the Xkrs, and ATG-9, a unifying mechanism has failed to emerge thus far. Among these, the most extensively studied and best understood are the Ca2+ activated TMEM16s, which comprise ion channels and/or scramblases. Early work supported the view that these proteins provided a hydrophilic, membrane-exposed groove through which the lipid headgroups could permeate. However, structural, and functional experiments have since challenged this mechanism, leading to the proposal that the TMEM16s distort and thin the membrane near the groove to facilitate lipid scrambling. Here, we review our understanding of the structural and mechanistic underpinnings of lipid scrambling by the TMEM16s and discuss how the different proposals account for the various experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eleonora Di Zanni
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Omar Alvarenga
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nicole Rychlik
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Institute of Physiology I, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27a, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alessio Accardi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
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7
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Tsuruga T, Fujimoto H, Yasuma T, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Toda M, Ito T, Tomaru A, Saiki H, Okano T, Alhawsawi MAB, Takeshita A, Nishihama K, Takei R, Kondoh Y, Cann I, Gabazza EC, Kobayashi T. Role of microbiota-derived corisin in coagulation activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1919-1935. [PMID: 38453025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coagulopathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients. Hypercoagulability in COVID-19 results in deep vein thrombosis, thromboembolic complications, and diffuse intravascular coagulation. Microbiome dysbiosis influences the clinical course of COVID-19. However, the role of dysbiosis in COVID-19-associated coagulopathy is not fully understood. OBJECTIVES The present study tested the hypothesis that the microbiota-derived proapoptotic corisin is involved in the coagulation system activation during SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 47 consecutive patients who consulted for symptoms of COVID-19. A mouse acute lung injury model was used to recapitulate the clinical findings. A549 alveolar epithelial, THP-1, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were used to evaluate procoagulant and anticoagulant activity of corisin. RESULTS COVID-19 patients showed significantly high circulating levels of corisin, thrombin-antithrombin complex, D-dimer, tumor necrosis factor-α, and monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 with reduced levels of free protein S compared with healthy subjects. The levels of thrombin-antithrombin complex, D-dimer, and corisin were significantly correlated. A monoclonal anticorisin-neutralizing antibody significantly inhibited the inflammatory response and coagulation system activation in a SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-associated acute lung injury mouse model, and the levels of corisin and thrombin-antithrombin complex were significantly correlated. In an in vitro experiment, corisin increased the tissue factor activity and decreased the anticoagulant activity of thrombomodulin in epithelial, endothelial, and monocytic cells. CONCLUSION The microbiota-derived corisin is significantly increased and correlated with activation of the coagulation system during SARS-CoV-2 infection, and corisin may directly increase the procoagulant activity in epithelial, endothelial, and monocytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Tsuruga
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Department of Immunology, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ito
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tomaru
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Haruko Saiki
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Tomohito Okano
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Manal A B Alhawsawi
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Atsuro Takeshita
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Kota Nishihama
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Reoto Takei
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan
| | - Isaac Cann
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Department of Immunology, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan; Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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8
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Dingwall CB, Sasaki Y, Strickland A, Summers DW, Bloom AJ, DiAntonio A, Milbrandt J. Suppressing phagocyte activation by overexpressing the phosphatidylserine lipase ABHD12 preserves sarmopathic nerves. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599919. [PMID: 38979309 PMCID: PMC11230269 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Programmed axon degeneration (AxD) is a key feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. In healthy axons, the axon survival factor NMNAT2 inhibits SARM1, the central executioner of AxD, preventing it from initiating the rapid local NAD+ depletion and metabolic catastrophe that precipitates axon destruction. Because these components of the AxD pathway act within neurons, it was also assumed that the timetable of AxD was set strictly by a cell-intrinsic mechanism independent of neuron-extrinsic processes later activated by axon fragmentation. However, using a rare human disease model of neuropathy caused by hypomorphic NMNAT2 mutations and chronic SARM1 activation (sarmopathy), we demonstrated that neuronal SARM1 can initiate macrophage-mediated axon elimination long before stressed-but-viable axons would otherwise succumb to cell-intrinsic metabolic failure. Investigating potential SARM1-dependent signals that mediate macrophage recognition and/or engulfment of stressed-but-viable axons, we found that chronic SARM1 activation triggers axonal blebbing and dysregulation of phosphatidylserine (PS), a potent phagocyte immunomodulatory molecule. Neuronal expression of the phosphatidylserine lipase ABDH12 suppresses nerve macrophage activation, preserves motor axon integrity, and rescues motor function in this chronic sarmopathy model. We conclude that PS dysregulation is an early SARM1-dependent axonal stress signal, and that blockade of phagocytic recognition and engulfment of stressed-but-viable axons could be an attractive therapeutic target for management of neurological disorders involving SARM1 activation.
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9
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Ma YH, Li B, Wang C, Yang J, Han X, Lu X. Unsaturation effects on lipid transmembrane asymmetry. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:215102. [PMID: 38842495 DOI: 10.1063/5.0209950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Within cell plasma membranes, unsaturated lipids are asymmetrically distributed over the inner and outer leaflets, offering an attractive local structural feature. However, the mechanism to keep lipid transmembrane asymmetry and the closely related transmembrane movement (flip-flop) for unsaturated lipids remain poorly understood. Here, we applied sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy to investigate this lipid transmembrane asymmetry upon mimicking the cell membrane homeostatic processes. On the one hand, unsaturated lipids were found to hinder the flip-flop process and preserve lipid transmembrane asymmetry in model cell membranes, owing to the steric hindrance caused by their bent tails. On the other hand, local unsaturated lipids in the mixed unsaturated/saturated lipid bilayer were conducive to the formation of the local asymmetry. Therefore, lipid unsaturation can be recognized as an intrinsic key factor to form and maintain lipid transmembrane asymmetry in cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Chu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Holistic Integrative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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10
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Suryalakshmi P, Sundarapandian A, Mercyjayapriya J, Pachaiyappan M, Suresh P, Valappil S, Aarthy M, Ayyadurai N. Genetically encoded biocompatible anti-coagulant protein-coated coronary artery stents drive endothelialization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 238:113908. [PMID: 38677153 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In response to the critical demand for advancements in coronary artery stents, this study addresses the challenges associated with arterial recoil and restenosis post-angioplasty and the imperative to encourage rapid re-endothelialization for minimizing thrombosis risks. We employed an innovative approach inspired by mussel adhesion, incorporating placental anticoagulant protein (AnnexinV) on stent design. The introduction of a post-translationally modified catecholic amino acid L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-Dopa), mimicking mussel characteristics, allowed for effective surface modification of Stainless steel stents through genetic code engineering in AnnexinV (AnxDopa). The efficacy of AnxDopa was analyzed through microscale thermophoresis and flow cytometry, confirming AnxDopa's exceptional binding with phosphatidylserine and activated platelets. AnxDopa coated stainless steel demonstrates remarkable bio-, hemo-, and immuno-compatibility, preventing smooth muscle cell proliferation, platelet adhesion, and fibrin formation. It acts as an interface between the stent and biological fluid, which facilitates the anticoagulation and rapid endothelialization. Surface modification of SS verified through XPS analysis and contact angle measurement attests to the efficacy of AnxDopa mediated surface modification. The hydrophilic nature of the AnxDopa-coated surface enhanced the endothelialization through increased protein absorption. This approach represents a significant stride in developing coronary stents with improved biocompatibility and reduced restenosis risks, offering valuable contributions to scientific and clinical realms alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandurangan Suryalakshmi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India; Sona College of Arts and Science, Salem 636005, India
| | - Ashokraj Sundarapandian
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Jebakumar Mercyjayapriya
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mohandass Pachaiyappan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Prem Suresh
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sisila Valappil
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mayilvahanan Aarthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India
| | - Niraikulam Ayyadurai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research - Central Leather Research Institute, Chennai 600020, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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11
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Matsell E, Andersen JP, Molday RS. Functional and in silico analysis of ATP8A2 and other P4-ATPase variants associated with human genetic diseases. Dis Model Mech 2024; 17:dmm050546. [PMID: 38436085 PMCID: PMC11073571 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
P4-ATPases flip lipids from the exoplasmic to cytoplasmic leaflet of cell membranes, a property crucial for many biological processes. Mutations in P4-ATPases are associated with severe inherited and complex human disorders. We determined the expression, localization and ATPase activity of four variants of ATP8A2, the P4-ATPase associated with the neurodevelopmental disorder known as cerebellar ataxia, impaired intellectual development and disequilibrium syndrome 4 (CAMRQ4). Two variants, G447R and A772P, harboring mutations in catalytic domains, expressed at low levels and mislocalized in cells. In contrast, the E459Q variant in a flexible loop displayed wild-type expression levels, Golgi-endosome localization and ATPase activity. The R1147W variant expressed at 50% of wild-type levels but showed normal localization and activity. These results indicate that the G447R and A772P mutations cause CAMRQ4 through protein misfolding. The E459Q mutation is unlikely to be causative, whereas the R1147W may display a milder disease phenotype. Using various programs that predict protein stability, we show that there is a good correlation between the experimental expression of the variants and in silico stability assessments, suggesting that such analysis is useful in identifying protein misfolding disease-associated variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Matsell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Robert S. Molday
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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12
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Issler T, Sule K, Lewrenz AM, Prenner EJ. Differential interactions of essential and toxic metal ions with biologically relevant phosphatidic acid and phosphatidylserine membranes. Biometals 2024; 37:631-648. [PMID: 38289415 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Metal pollutants are a growing concern due to increased use in mining and other industrial processes. Moreover, the use of metals in daily life is becoming increasingly prevalent. Metals such as manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni) are toxic in high amounts whereas lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are acutely toxic at low µM concentrations. These metals are associated with system dysfunction in humans including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other cellular process'. One known but lesser studied target of these metals are lipids that are key membrane building blocks or serve signalling functions. It was shown that Mn, Co, Ni, Pb, and Cd cause rigidification of liposomes and increase the phase transition in membranes composed of both saturated or partly unsaturated phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylserine (PS). The selected metals showed differential effects that were more pronounced on saturated lipids. In addition, more rigidity was induced in the biologically relevant liquid-crystalline phase. Moreover, metal affinity, induced rigidification and liposome size increases also varied with the headgroup architecture, whereby the carboxyl group of PS appeared to play an important role. Thus, it can be inferred that Mn, Co, Ni, Cd, and Pb may have preferred binding coordination with the lipid headgroup, degree of acyl chain unsaturation, and membrane phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Issler
- Deptartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Kevin Sule
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anna-Marie Lewrenz
- Deptartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Elmar J Prenner
- Deptartment of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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13
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Duan HD, Li H. Consensus, controversies, and conundrums of P4-ATPases: The emerging face of eukaryotic lipid flippases. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107387. [PMID: 38763336 PMCID: PMC11225554 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The cryo-EM resolution revolution has heralded a new era in our understanding of eukaryotic lipid flippases with a rapidly growing number of high-resolution structures. Flippases belong to the P4 family of ATPases (type IV P-type ATPases) that largely follow the reaction cycle proposed for the more extensively studied cation-transporting P-type ATPases. However, unlike the canonical P-type ATPases, no flippase cargos are transported in the phosphorylation half-reaction. Instead of being released into the intracellular or extracellular milieu, lipid cargos are transported to their destination at the inner leaflet of the membrane. Recent flippase structures have revealed multiple conformational states during the lipid transport cycle. Nonetheless, critical conformational states capturing the lipid cargo "in transit" are still missing. In this review, we highlight the amazing structural advances of these lipid transporters, discuss various perspectives on catalytic and regulatory mechanisms in the literature, and shed light on future directions in further deciphering the detailed molecular mechanisms of lipid flipping.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Diessel Duan
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Structural Biology, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
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14
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Eberle SA, Gustavsson M. Bilayer lipids modulate ligand binding to atypical chemokine receptor 3. Structure 2024:S0969-2126(24)00171-0. [PMID: 38776922 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Chemokine receptors belong to the large class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are involved in a number of (patho)physiological processes. Previous studies highlighted the importance of membrane lipids for modulating GPCR structure and function. However, the underlying mechanisms of how lipids regulate GPCRs are often poorly understood. Here, we report that anionic lipid bilayers increase the binding affinity of the chemokine CXCL12 for the atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) by modulating the CXCL12 binding kinetics. Notably, the anionic bilayer favors CXCL12 over the more positively charged chemokine CXCL11, which we explained by bilayer interactions orienting CXCL12 but not CXCL11 for productive ACKR3 binding. Furthermore, our data suggest a stabilization of active ACKR3 conformations in anionic bilayers. Taken together, the described regulation of chemokine selectivity of ACKR3 by the lipid bilayer proposes an extended version of the classical model of chemokine binding including the lipid environment of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Alexandra Eberle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Gustavsson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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15
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Chakraborty A, Kamat SS. Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5470-5504. [PMID: 38607675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
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16
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Feng Z, Alvarenga OE, Accardi A. Structural basis of closed groove scrambling by a TMEM16 protein. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01284-9. [PMID: 38684930 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Activation of Ca2+-dependent TMEM16 scramblases induces phosphatidylserine externalization, a key step in multiple signaling processes. Current models suggest that the TMEM16s scramble lipids by deforming the membrane near a hydrophilic groove and that Ca2+ dependence arises from the different association of lipids with an open or closed groove. However, the molecular rearrangements underlying groove opening and how lipids reorganize outside the closed groove remain unknown. Here we directly visualize how lipids associate at the closed groove of Ca2+-bound fungal nhTMEM16 in nanodiscs using cryo-EM. Functional experiments pinpoint lipid-protein interaction sites critical for closed groove scrambling. Structural and functional analyses suggest groove opening entails the sequential appearance of two π-helical turns in the groove-lining TM6 helix and identify critical rearrangements. Finally, we show that the choice of scaffold protein and lipids affects the conformations of nhTMEM16 and their distribution, highlighting a key role of these factors in cryo-EM structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omar E Alvarenga
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessio Accardi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Delova A, Pasc A, Monari A. Interaction of the Immune System TIM-3 Protein with a Model Cellular Membrane Containing Phosphatidyl-Serine Lipids. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304318. [PMID: 38345892 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
T cell transmembrane, Immunoglobulin, and Mucin (TIM) are important immune system proteins which are especially present in T-cells and regulated the immune system by sensing cell engulfment and apoptotic processes. Their role is exerted by the capacity to detect the presence of phosphatidyl-serine lipid polar head in the outer leaflet of cellular membranes (correlated with apoptosis). In this contribution by using equilibrium and enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulation we unravel the molecular bases and the thermodynamics of TIM, and in particular TIM-3, interaction with phosphatidyl serine in a lipid bilayer. Since TIM-3 deregulation is an important factor of pro-oncogenic tumor micro-environment understanding its functioning at a molecular level may pave the way to the development of original immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreea Pasc
- Université de Lorraine and CNRS, UMR 7053L2CM, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université Paris Cité and CNRS, ITDODYS, F-75006, Paris, France
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18
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Kerr D, Suwatthee T, Maltseva S, Lee KYC. Binding equations for the lipid composition dependence of peripheral membrane-binding proteins. Biophys J 2024; 123:885-900. [PMID: 38433448 PMCID: PMC10995427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The specific recognition of peripheral membrane-binding proteins for their target membranes is mediated by a complex constellation of various lipid contacts. Despite the inherent complexities of the heterogeneous protein-membrane interface, the binding dependence of such proteins is, surprisingly, often reliably described by simple models such as the Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm or the Hill equation. However, these models were not developed to describe associations with two-dimensional, highly concentrated heterogeneous ligands such as lipid membranes. In particular, these models fail to capture the dependence on the lipid composition, a significant determinant of binding that distinguishes target from non-target membranes. In this work, we present a model that describes the dependence of peripheral proteins on lipid composition through an analytic expression for their association. The resulting membrane-binding equation retains the features of these simple models but completely describes the binding dependence on multiple relevant variables in addition to the lipid composition, such as protein and vesicle concentration. Implicit in this lipid composition dependence is a new form of membrane-based cooperativity that significantly differs from traditional solution-based cooperativity. We introduce the Membrane-Hill number as a measure of this cooperativity and describe its unique properties. We illustrate the utility and interpretational power of our model by analyzing previously published data on two peripheral proteins that associate with phosphatidylserine-containing membranes: The transmembrane immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM3) that employs calcium in its association, and milk fat globulin epidermal growth factor VIII (MFG-E8) which is completely insensitive to calcium. We also provide binding equations for systems that exhibit more complexity in their membrane-binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tiffany Suwatthee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sofiya Maltseva
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ka Yee C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
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19
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Groß R, Reßin H, von Maltitz P, Albers D, Schneider L, Bley H, Hoffmann M, Cortese M, Gupta D, Deniz M, Choi JY, Jansen J, Preußer C, Seehafer K, Pöhlmann S, Voelker DR, Goffinet C, Pogge-von Strandmann E, Bunz U, Bartenschlager R, El Andaloussi S, Sparrer KMJ, Herker E, Becker S, Kirchhoff F, Münch J, Müller JA. Phosphatidylserine-exposing extracellular vesicles in body fluids are an innate defence against apoptotic mimicry viral pathogens. Nat Microbiol 2024; 9:905-921. [PMID: 38528146 PMCID: PMC10994849 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-024-01637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Some viruses are rarely transmitted orally or sexually despite their presence in saliva, breast milk, or semen. We previously identified that extracellular vesicles (EVs) in semen and saliva inhibit Zika virus infection. However, the antiviral spectrum and underlying mechanism remained unclear. Here we applied lipidomics and flow cytometry to show that these EVs expose phosphatidylserine (PS). By blocking PS receptors, targeted by Zika virus in the process of apoptotic mimicry, they interfere with viral attachment and entry. Consequently, physiological concentrations of EVs applied in vitro efficiently inhibited infection by apoptotic mimicry dengue, West Nile, Chikungunya, Ebola and vesicular stomatitis viruses, but not severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, human immunodeficiency virus 1, hepatitis C virus and herpesviruses that use other entry receptors. Our results identify the role of PS-rich EVs in body fluids in innate defence against infection via viral apoptotic mimicries, explaining why these viruses are primarily transmitted via PS-EV-deficient blood or blood-ingesting arthropods rather than direct human-to-human contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Groß
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hanna Reßin
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Pascal von Maltitz
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dan Albers
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Schneider
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Bley
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirko Cortese
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dhanu Gupta
- Biomolecular Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Miriam Deniz
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jae-Yeon Choi
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Jenny Jansen
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Preußer
- Core Facility Extracellular Vesicles, Institute for Tumor Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kai Seehafer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Göttingen, Germany
- Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Christine Goffinet
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Tropical Disease Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Elke Pogge-von Strandmann
- Core Facility Extracellular Vesicles, Institute for Tumor Immunology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Bartenschlager
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Molecular Virology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Samir El Andaloussi
- Biomolecular Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Eva Herker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Becker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jan Münch
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Janis A Müller
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany.
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
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20
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Weiss R, Mostageer M, Eichhorn T, Huber S, Egger D, Spittler A, Tripisciano C, Kasper C, Weber V. The fluorochrome-to-protein ratio is crucial for the flow cytometric detection of tissue factor on extracellular vesicles. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6419. [PMID: 38494537 PMCID: PMC10944842 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have crucial roles in hemostasis and coagulation. They sustain coagulation by exposing phosphatidylserine and initiate clotting by surface expression of tissue factor (TF) under inflammatory conditions. As their relevance as biomarkers of coagulopathy is increasingly recognized, there is a need for the sensitive and reliable detection of TF+ EVs, but their flow cytometric analysis is challenging and has yielded controversial findings for TF expression on EVs in the vascular system. We investigated the effect of different fluorochrome-to-protein (F/P) ratios of anti-TF-fluorochrome conjugates on the flow cytometric detection of TF+ EVs from activated monocytes, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and in COVID-19 plasma. Using a FITC-labeled anti-TF antibody (clone VD8), we show that the percentage of TF+ EVs declined with decreasing F/P ratios. TF was detected on 7.6%, 5.4%, and 1.1% of all EVs derived from activated monocytes at F/P ratios of 7.7:1, 6.6:1, and 5.2:1. A similar decline was observed for EVs from MSCs and for EVs in plasma, whereas the detection of TF on cells remained unaffected by different F/P ratios. We provide clear evidence that next to the antibody clone, the F/P ratio affects the flow cytometric detection of TF+ EVs and should be carefully controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Weiss
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Marwa Mostageer
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Tanja Eichhorn
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500, Krems, Austria
| | - Silke Huber
- Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Egger
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Culture Technology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Spittler
- Core Facility Flow Cytometry & Surgical Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carla Tripisciano
- Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cornelia Kasper
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Culture Technology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Weber
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Strasse 30, 3500, Krems, Austria.
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21
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Dziura D, Dziura M, Marquardt D. Studying lipid flip-flop in asymmetric liposomes using 1H NMR and TR-SANS. Methods Enzymol 2024; 700:295-328. [PMID: 38971604 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
The specific spatial and temporal distribution of lipids in membranes play a crucial role in determining the biochemical and biophysical properties of the system. In nature, the asymmetric distribution of lipids is a dynamic process with ATP-dependent lipid transporters maintaining asymmetry, and passive transbilayer diffusion, that is, flip-flop, counteracting it. In this chapter, two probe-free techniques, 1H NMR and time-resolved small angle neutron scattering, are described in detail as methods of investigating lipid flip-flop rates in synthetic liposomes that have been generated with an asymmetric bilayer composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Dziura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Maksymilian Dziura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Drew Marquardt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada; Department of Physics, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada.
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22
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Yan M, Wang Z, An Y, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang H, Li C, Wang L, Chen L, Gao C, Wang D, Gao C. OxLDL enhances procoagulant activity of endothelial cells by TMEM16F-mediated phosphatidylserine exposure. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38444077 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), a key component in atherosclerosis and hyperlipidemia, is a risk factor for atherothrombosis in dyslipidemia, yet its mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we used oxLDL-induced human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice as a hyperlipidemia model. Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, cytosolic Ca2+ , reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation were measured by flow cytometer. TMEM16F expression was detected by immunofluorescence, western blot, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Procoagulant activity (PCA) was measured by coagulation time, intrinsic/extrinsic factor Xase, and thrombin generation. We found that oxLDL-induced PS exposure and the corresponding PCA of HAECs were increased significantly compared with control, which could be inhibited over 90% by lactadherin. Importantly, TMEM16F expression in oxLDL-induced HAECs was upregulated by enhanced intracellular Ca2+ concentration, ROS, and lipid peroxidation, which led to PS exposure. Meanwhile, the knockdown of TMEM16F by short hairpin RNA significantly inhibited PS exposure in oxLDL-induced HAECs. Moreover, we observed that HFD-fed mice dramatically increased the progress of thrombus formation and accompanied upregulated TMEM16F expression by thromboelastography analysis, FeCl3 -induced carotid artery thrombosis model, and western blot. Collectively, these results demonstrate that TMEM16F-mediated PS exposure may contribute to prothrombotic status under hyperlipidemic conditions, which may serve as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of thrombosis in hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Yan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Zelong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yao An
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Zhanni Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Hematology Department, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Caixia Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Emergency, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, China
| | - Chunyan Gao
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University Daqing, Daqing, China
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23
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Leomil FC, Stephan M, Pramanik S, Riske KA, Dimova R. Bilayer Charge Asymmetry and Oil Residues Destabilize Membranes upon Poration. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4719-4731. [PMID: 38373285 PMCID: PMC10919074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Transmembrane asymmetry is ubiquitous in cells, particularly with respect to lipids, where charged lipids are mainly restricted to one monolayer. We investigate the influence of anionic lipid asymmetry on the stability of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), minimal plasma membrane models. To quantify asymmetry, we apply the fluorescence quenching assay, which is often difficult to reproduce, and caution in handling the quencher is generally underestimated. We first optimize this assay and then apply it to GUVs prepared with the inverted emulsion transfer protocol by using increasing fractions of anionic lipids restricted to one leaflet. This protocol is found to produce highly asymmetric bilayers but with ∼20% interleaflet mixing. To probe the stability of asymmetric versus symmetric membranes, we expose the GUVs to porating electric pulses and monitor the fraction of destabilized vesicles. The pulses open macropores, and the GUVs either completely recover or exhibit leakage or bursting/collapse. Residual oil destabilizes porated membranes, and destabilization is even more pronounced in asymmetrically charged membranes. This is corroborated by the measured pore edge tension, which is also found to decrease with increasing charge asymmetry. Using GUVs with imposed transmembrane pH asymmetry, we confirm that poration-triggered destabilization does not depend on the approach used to generate membrane asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda
S. C. Leomil
- Max
Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
- Departamento
de Biofísica, Universidade Federal
de São Paulo, São
Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Mareike Stephan
- Max
Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Shreya Pramanik
- Max
Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karin A. Riske
- Departamento
de Biofísica, Universidade Federal
de São Paulo, São
Paulo 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max
Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14776 Potsdam, Germany
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24
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Sakuragi T, Kanai R, Otani M, Kikkawa M, Toyoshima C, Nagata S. The role of the C-terminal tail region as a plug to regulate XKR8 lipid scramblase. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105755. [PMID: 38364890 PMCID: PMC10938166 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
XK-related 8 (XKR8), in complex with the transmembrane glycoprotein basigin, functions as a phospholipid scramblase activated by the caspase-mediated cleavage or phosphorylation of its C-terminal tail. It carries a putative phospholipid translocation path of multiple hydrophobic and charged residues in the transmembrane region. It also has a crucial tryptophan at the exoplasmic end of the path that regulates its scrambling activity. We herein investigated the tertiary structure of the human XKR8-basigin complex embedded in lipid nanodiscs at an overall resolution of 3.66 Å. We found that the C-terminal tail engaged in intricate polar and van der Waals interactions with a groove at the cytoplasmic surface of XKR8. These interactions maintained the inactive state of XKR8. Point mutations to disrupt these interactions strongly enhanced the scrambling activity of XKR8, suggesting that the activation of XKR8 is mediated by releasing the C-terminal tail from the cytoplasmic groove. We speculate that the cytoplasmic tail region of XKR8 functions as a plug to prevent the scrambling of phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Sakuragi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kanai
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Otani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahide Kikkawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikashi Toyoshima
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Nagata
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, World Premier International Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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25
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Menon I, Sych T, Son Y, Morizumi T, Lee J, Ernst OP, Khelashvili G, Sezgin E, Levitz J, Menon AK. A cholesterol switch controls phospholipid scrambling by G protein-coupled receptors. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105649. [PMID: 38237683 PMCID: PMC10874734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell membrane signaling receptors, moonlight as constitutively active phospholipid scramblases. The plasma membrane of metazoan cells is replete with GPCRs yet has a strong resting trans-bilayer phospholipid asymmetry, with the signaling lipid phosphatidylserine confined to the cytoplasmic leaflet. To account for the persistence of this lipid asymmetry in the presence of GPCR scramblases, we hypothesized that GPCR-mediated lipid scrambling is regulated by cholesterol, a major constituent of the plasma membrane. We now present a technique whereby synthetic vesicles reconstituted with GPCRs can be supplemented with cholesterol to a level similar to that of the plasma membrane and show that the scramblase activity of two prototypical GPCRs, opsin and the β1-adrenergic receptor, is impaired upon cholesterol loading. Our data suggest that cholesterol acts as a switch, inhibiting scrambling above a receptor-specific threshold concentration to disable GPCR scramblases at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Yeeun Son
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA; Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Takefumi Morizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Oliver P Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Khelashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA; Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anant K Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
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26
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Lee VK, Lee T, Ghosh A, Saha T, Bais MV, Bharani KK, Chag M, Parikh K, Bhatt P, Namgung B, Venkataramanan G, Agrawal A, Sonaje K, Mavely L, Sengupta S, Mashelkar RA, Jang HL. An architecturally rational hemostat for rapid stopping of massive bleeding on anticoagulation therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2316170121. [PMID: 38252814 PMCID: PMC10835033 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2316170121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemostatic devices are critical for managing emergent severe bleeding. With the increased use of anticoagulant therapy, there is a need for next-generation hemostats. We rationalized that a hemostat with an architecture designed to increase contact with blood, and engineered from a material that activates a distinct and undrugged coagulation pathway can address the emerging need. Inspired by lung alveolar architecture, here, we describe the engineering of a next-generation single-phase chitosan hemostat with a tortuous spherical microporous design that enables rapid blood absorption and concentrated platelets and fibrin microthrombi in localized regions, a phenomenon less observed with other classical hemostats without structural optimization. The interaction between blood components and the porous hemostat was further amplified based on the charged surface of chitosan. Contrary to the dogma that chitosan does not directly affect physiological clotting mechanism, the hemostat induced coagulation via a direct activation of platelet Toll-like receptor 2. Our engineered porous hemostat effectively stopped the bleeding from murine liver wounds, swine liver and carotid artery injuries, and the human radial artery puncture site within a few minutes with significantly reduced blood loss, even under the anticoagulant treatment. The integration of engineering design principles with an understanding of the molecular mechanisms can lead to hemostats with improved functions to address emerging medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian K. Lee
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Taewoo Lee
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Amrit Ghosh
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Tanmoy Saha
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Manish V. Bais
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA02118
| | - Kala Kumar Bharani
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, P. V. Narasimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Hyderabad 500030, India
| | - Milan Chag
- Care Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad 380060, India
| | - Keyur Parikh
- Care Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad 380060, India
| | - Parloop Bhatt
- Care Institute of Medical Sciences, Ahmedabad 380060, India
| | - Bumseok Namgung
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Geethapriya Venkataramanan
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | - Kiran Sonaje
- Axio Biosolutions Private Limited, Ahmedabad 382220, India
| | - Leo Mavely
- Axio Biosolutions Private Limited, Ahmedabad 382220, India
- Advamedica Inc., Boston, MA 02138
| | - Shiladitya Sengupta
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard–Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | - Hae Lin Jang
- Center for Engineered Therapeutics, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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27
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Feng Z, Alvarenga OE, Accardi A. Structural basis of closed groove scrambling by a TMEM16 protein. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.08.11.553029. [PMID: 37609346 PMCID: PMC10441378 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.11.553029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Activation of Ca2+-dependent TMEM16 scramblases induces the externalization of phosphatidylserine, a key molecule in multiple signaling processes. Current models suggest that the TMEM16s scramble lipids by deforming the membrane near a hydrophilic groove, and that Ca2+ dependence arises from the different association of lipids with an open or closed groove. However, the molecular rearrangements involved in groove opening and of how lipids reorganize outside the closed groove remain unknown. Using cryogenic electron microscopy, we directly visualize how lipids associate at the closed groove of Ca2+-bound nhTMEM16 in nanodiscs. Functional experiments pinpoint the lipid-protein interaction sites critical for closed groove scrambling. Structural and functional analyses suggest groove opening entails the sequential appearance of two π-helical turns in the groove-lining TM6 helix and identify critical rearrangements. Finally, we show that the choice of scaffold protein and lipids affects the conformations of nhTMEM16 and their distribution, highlighting a key role of these factors in cryoEM structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Omar E. Alvarenga
- Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College
| | - Alessio Accardi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medical College
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College
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28
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Ballista JMR, Hoover AJ, Noble JT, Acciani MD, Miazgowicz KL, Harrison SA, Tabscott GAL, Duncan A, Barnes DN, Jimenez AR, Brindley MA. Chikungunya Virus Release is Reduced by TIM-1 Receptors Through Binding of Envelope Phosphatidylserine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.25.577233. [PMID: 38328121 PMCID: PMC10849729 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.25.577233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobin and mucin domain protein-1 (TIM-1) mediates entry of Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) into some mammalian cells through the interaction with envelope phospholipids. While this interaction enhances entry, TIM has been shown to tether newly formed HIV and Ebola virus particles, limiting their efficient release. In this study, we investigate the ability of surface receptors such as TIM-1 to sequester newly budded virions on the surface of infected cells. We established a luminescence reporter system to produce Chikungunya viral particles that integrate nano-luciferase and easily quantify viral particles. We found that TIM-1 on the surface of host cells significantly reduced CHIKV release efficiency in comparison to other entry factors. Removal of cell surface TIM-1 through direct cellular knock-out or altering the cellular lipid distribution enhanced CHIKV release. Over the course of infection, CHIKV was able to counteract the tethering effect by gradually decreasing the surface levels of TIM-1 in a process that appears to be mediated by the nonstructural protein 2. This study highlights the importance of phosphatidylserine receptors in mediating not only the entry of CHIKV but also its release and could aid in developing cell lines capable of enhanced vaccine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M. Reyes Ballista
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ashley J. Hoover
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Joseph T. Noble
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Marissa D. Acciani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kerri L. Miazgowicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sarah A. Harrison
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Grace Andrea L. Tabscott
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Avery Duncan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Don N. Barnes
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ariana R. Jimenez
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Melinda A. Brindley
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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29
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Liang P, Zhang Y, Wan YCS, Ma S, Dong P, Lowry AJ, Francis SJ, Khandelwal S, Delahunty M, Telen MJ, Strouse JJ, Arepally GM, Yang H. Deciphering and disrupting PIEZO1-TMEM16F interplay in hereditary xerocytosis. Blood 2024; 143:357-369. [PMID: 38033286 PMCID: PMC10862370 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Cell-surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is essential for phagocytic clearance and blood clotting. Although a calcium-activated phospholipid scramblase (CaPLSase) has long been proposed to mediate PS exposure in red blood cells (RBCs), its identity, activation mechanism, and role in RBC biology and disease remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that TMEM16F, the long-sought-after RBC CaPLSase, is activated by calcium influx through the mechanosensitive channel PIEZO1 in RBCs. PIEZO1-TMEM16F functional coupling is enhanced in RBCs from individuals with hereditary xerocytosis (HX), an RBC disorder caused by PIEZO1 gain-of-function channelopathy. Enhanced PIEZO1-TMEM16F coupling leads to an increased propensity to expose PS, which may serve as a key risk factor for HX clinical manifestations including anemia, splenomegaly, and postsplenectomy thrombosis. Spider toxin GsMTx-4 and antigout medication benzbromarone inhibit PIEZO1, preventing force-induced echinocytosis, hemolysis, and PS exposure in HX RBCs. Our study thus reveals an activation mechanism of TMEM16F CaPLSase and its pathophysiological function in HX, providing insights into potential treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Yui Chun S. Wan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Shang Ma
- Children’s Research Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Augustus J. Lowry
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Samuel J. Francis
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Sanjay Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Martha Delahunty
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - Marilyn J. Telen
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | - John J. Strouse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
| | | | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
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30
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Menon I, Sych T, Son Y, Morizumi T, Lee J, Ernst OP, Khelashvili G, Sezgin E, Levitz J, Menon AK. A cholesterol switch controls phospholipid scrambling by G protein-coupled receptors. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.24.568580. [PMID: 38045315 PMCID: PMC10690279 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.24.568580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), a superfamily of cell membrane signaling receptors, moonlight as constitutively active phospholipid scramblases. The plasma membrane of metazoan cells is replete with GPCRs, yet has a strong resting trans-bilayer phospholipid asymmetry, with the signaling lipid phosphatidylserine confined to the cytoplasmic leaflet. To account for the persistence of this lipid asymmetry in the presence of GPCR scramblases, we hypothesized that GPCR-mediated lipid scrambling is regulated by cholesterol, a major constituent of the plasma membrane. We now present a technique whereby synthetic vesicles reconstituted with GPCRs can be supplemented with cholesterol to a level similar to that of the plasma membrane and show that the scramblase activity of two prototypical GPCRs, opsin and the β1-adrenergic receptor, is impaired upon cholesterol loading. Our data suggest that cholesterol acts as a switch, inhibiting scrambling above a receptor-specific threshold concentration to disable GPCR scramblases at the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indu Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Taras Sych
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yeeun Son
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Takefumi Morizumi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Oliver P. Ernst
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - George Khelashvili
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Graduate program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anant K. Menon
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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31
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Sieler M, Dittmar T. Cell Fusion and Syncytia Formation in Cancer. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 71:433-465. [PMID: 37996689 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-37936-9_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The natural phenomenon of cell-cell fusion does not only take place in physiological processes, such as placentation, myogenesis, or osteoclastogenesis, but also in pathophysiological processes, such as cancer. More than a century ago postulated, today the hypothesis that the fusion of cancer cells with normal cells leads to the formation of cancer hybrid cells with altered properties is in scientific consensus. Some studies that have investigated the mechanisms and conditions for the fusion of cancer cells with other cells, as well as studies that have characterized the resulting cancer hybrid cells, are presented in this review. Hypoxia and the cytokine TNFα, for example, have been found to promote cell fusion. In addition, it has been found that both the protein Syncytin-1, which normally plays a role in placentation, and phosphatidylserine signaling on the cell membrane are involved in the fusion of cancer cells with other cells. In human cancer, cancer hybrid cells were detected not only in the primary tumor, but also in the circulation of patients as so-called circulating hybrid cells, where they often correlated with a worse outcome. Although some data are available, the questions of how and especially why cancer cells fuse with other cells are still not fully answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Sieler
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
| | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
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32
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He S, Liu S. Zwitterionic materials for nucleic acid delivery and therapeutic applications. J Control Release 2024; 365:919-935. [PMID: 38103789 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid therapeutics have demonstrated substantial potential in combating various diseases. However, challenges persist, particularly in the delivery of multifunctional nucleic acids. To address this issue, numerous gene delivery vectors have been developed to fully unlock the potential of gene therapy. The advancement of innovative materials with exceptional delivery properties is critical to propel the clinical translation of nucleic acid drugs. Cationic vector materials have received extensive attention, while zwitterionic materials remain relatively underappreciated in delivery. In this review, we outline a diverse range of zwitterionic material nucleic acid carriers, predominantly encompassing zwitterionic lipids, polymers and peptides. Their respective chemical structures, synthesis approaches, properties, advantages, and therapeutic applications are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, we highlight the challenges and future opportunities associated with the development of zwitterionic vector materials. This review will aid to understand the zwitterionic materials in aiding gene delivery, contributing to the continual progress of nucleic acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun He
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, China; National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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33
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Ferreira-Santos L, Ramirez-Perez FI, Foote CA, Augenreich MA, McMillan NJ, Williams MB, Gonzalez-Vallejo JD, Power G, Wheeler AA, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Neuraminidase-induced externalization of phosphatidylserine activates ADAM17 and impairs insulin signaling in endothelial cells. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H270-H277. [PMID: 37999645 PMCID: PMC11219045 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00638.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial insulin resistance represents a causal factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and vascular disease, thus the need to identify molecular mechanisms underlying defects in endothelial insulin signaling. We previously have shown that a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) is increased while insulin receptor α-subunit (IRα) is decreased in the vasculature of patients with T2D, leading to impaired insulin-induced vasodilation. We have also demonstrated that ADAM17 sheddase activity targets IRα; however, the mechanisms driving endothelial ADAM17 activity in T2D are largely unknown. Herein, we report that externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS) to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane causes ADAM17-mediated shedding of IRα and blunting of insulin signaling in endothelial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that endothelial PS externalization is mediated by the phospholipid scramblase anoctamin-6 (ANO6) and that this process can be stimulated by neuraminidase, a soluble enzyme that cleaves sialic acid residues. Of note, we demonstrate that men and women with T2D display increased levels of neuraminidase activity in plasma, relative to age-matched healthy individuals, and this occurs in conjunction with increased ADAM17 activity and impaired leg blood flow responses to endogenous insulin. Collectively, this work reveals the neuraminidase-ANO6-ADAM17 axis as a novel potential target for restoring endothelial insulin sensitivity in T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work provides the first evidence that neuraminidase, an enzyme increased in the circulation of men and women with type 2 diabetes (T2D), promotes anoctamin-6 (ANO6)-dependent externalization of phosphatidylserine in endothelial cells, which in turn leads to activation of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) and consequent shedding of the insulin receptor-α from the cell surface. Hence, this work supports that consideration should be given to the neuraminidase-ANO6-ADAM17 axis as a novel potential target for restoring endothelial insulin sensitivity in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher A Foote
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Marc A Augenreich
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Neil J McMillan
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Morgan B Williams
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | | | - Gavin Power
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Andrew A Wheeler
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Center for Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
| | - Jaume Padilla
- NextGen Precision Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri, United States
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34
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Mogensen LS, Mikkelsen SA, Tadini-Buoninsegni F, Holm R, Matsell E, Vilsen B, Molday RS, Andersen JP. On the track of the lipid transport pathway of the phospholipid flippase ATP8A2 - Mutation analysis of residues of the transmembrane segments M1, M2, M3 and M4. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119570. [PMID: 37678495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
P4-ATPases, also known as flippases, translocate specific lipids from the exoplasmic leaflet to the cytoplasmic leaflet of biological membranes, thereby generating an asymmetric lipid distribution essential for numerous cellular functions. A debated issue is which pathway within the protein the lipid substrate follows during the translocation. Here we present a comprehensive mutational screening of all amino acid residues in the transmembrane segments M1, M2, M3, and M4 of the flippase ATP8A2, thus allowing the functionally important residues in these transmembrane segments to be highlighted on a background of less important residues. Kinetic analysis of ATPase activity of 130 new ATP8A2 mutants, providing Vmax values as well as apparent affinities of the mutants for the lipid substrate, support a translocation pathway between M2 and M4 ("M2-M4 path"), extending from the entry site, where the lipid substrate binds from the exoplasmic leaflet, to a putative exit site at the cytoplasmic surface, formed by the divergence of M2 and M4. The effects of mutations in the M2-M4 path on the function of the entry site, including loss of lipid specificity in some mutants, suggest that the M2-M4 path and the entry site are conformationally coupled. Many of the residues of the M2-M4 path possess side chains with a potential for interacting with each other in a zipper-like mode, as well as with the head group of the lipid substrate, by ionic/hydrogen bonds. Thus, the translocation of the lipid substrate toward the cytoplasmic bilayer leaflet is comparable to unzipping a zipper of salt bridges/hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rikke Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Eli Matsell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bente Vilsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Robert S Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Centre for Macular Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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35
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Żak A, Korshunova K, Rajtar N, Kulig W, Kepczynski M. Deciphering Lipid Arrangement in Phosphatidylserine/Phosphatidylcholine Mixed Membranes: Simulations and Experiments. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:18995-19007. [PMID: 38096496 PMCID: PMC10753890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure on the plasma membrane is crucial for many cellular processes including apoptotic cell recognition, blood clotting regulation, cellular signaling, and intercellular interactions. In this study, we investigated the arrangement of PS headgroups in mixed PS/phosphatidylcholine (PC) bilayers, serving as a simplified model of the outer leaflets of mammalian cell plasma membranes. Combining atomistic-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with Langmuir monolayer experiments, we unraveled the mutual miscibility of POPC and POPS lipids and the intricate intermolecular interactions inherent to these membranes as well as the disparities in position and orientation of PC and PS headgroups. Our experiments revealed micrometer-scale miscibility at all mole fractions of POPC and POPS, marked by modest deviations from ideal mixing with no apparent microscale phase separation. The MD simulations, meanwhile, demonstrated that these deviations were due to strong electrostatic interactions between like-lipid pairs (POPC-POPC and POPS-POPS), culminating in lateral segregation and nanoscale clustering. Notably, PS headgroups profoundly affect the ordering of the lipid acyl chains, leading to lipid elongation and subtle PS protrusion above the zwitterionic membrane. In addition, PC headgroups are more tilted with respect to the membrane normal, while PS headgroups align at a smaller angle, making them more exposed to the surface of the mixed PC/PS membranes. These findings provide a detailed molecular-level account of the organization of mixed PC/PS membranes, corroborated by experimental data. The insights gained here extend our comprehension of the physiological role of PSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Żak
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ksenia Korshunova
- Department
of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Natan Rajtar
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Waldemar Kulig
- Department
of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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36
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Clarke RJ. Electrostatic switch mechanisms of membrane protein trafficking and regulation. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1967-1985. [PMID: 38192346 PMCID: PMC10771482 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid-protein interactions are normally classified as either specific or general. Specific interactions refer to lipid binding to specific binding sites within a membrane protein, thereby modulating the protein's thermal stability or kinetics. General interactions refer to indirect effects whereby lipids affect membrane proteins by modulating the membrane's physical properties, e.g., its fluidity, thickness, or dipole potential. It is not widely recognized that there is a third distinct type of lipid-protein interaction. Intrinsically disordered N- or C-termini of membrane proteins can interact directly but nonspecifically with the surrounding membrane. Many peripheral membrane proteins are held to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane via a cooperative combination of two forces: hydrophobic anchoring and electrostatic attraction. An acyl chain, e.g., myristoyl, added post-translationally to one of the protein's termini inserts itself into the lipid matrix and helps hold peripheral membrane proteins onto the membrane. Electrostatic attraction occurs between positively charged basic amino acid residues (lysine and arginine) on one of the protein's terminal tails and negatively charged phospholipid head groups, such as phosphatidylserine. Phosphorylation of either serine or tyrosine residues on the terminal tails via regulatory protein kinases allows for an electrostatic switch mechanism to control trafficking of the protein. Kinase action reduces the positive charge on the protein's tail, weakening the electrostatic attraction and releasing the protein from the membrane. A similar mechanism regulates many integral membrane proteins, but here only electrostatic interactions are involved, and the electrostatic switch modulates protein activity by altering the stabilities of different protein conformational states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J. Clarke
- School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia
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37
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Doktorova M, Levental I, Heberle FA. Seeing the Membrane from Both Sides Now: Lipid Asymmetry and Its Strange Consequences. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2023; 15:a041393. [PMID: 37604588 PMCID: PMC10691478 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Almost all biomembranes are constructed as lipid bilayers and, in almost all of these, the two opposing monolayers (leaflets) have distinct lipid compositions. This lipid asymmetry arises through the concerted action of a suite of energy-dependent enzymes that maintain living bilayers in a far-from-equilibrium steady-state. Recent discoveries reveal that lipid compositional asymmetry imparts biophysical asymmetries and that this dualistic organization may have major consequences for cellular physiology. Importantly, while transbilayer asymmetry appears to be an essential, near-ubiquitous characteristic of biological membranes, it has been challenging to reproduce in reconstituted or synthetic systems. Although recent methodological developments have overcome some critical challenges, it remains difficult to extrapolate results from available models to biological systems. Concurrently, there are few experimental approaches for targeted, controlled manipulation of lipid asymmetry in living cells. Thus, the biophysical and functional consequences of membrane asymmetry remain almost wholly unexplored. This perspective summarizes the current state of knowledge and highlights emerging themes that are beginning to make inroads into the fundamental question of why life tends toward asymmetry in its bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milka Doktorova
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Ilya Levental
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA
| | - Frederick A Heberle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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38
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Suwatthee T, Kerr D, Maltseva S, Dulberger CL, Hwang LH, Slaw BR, Bu W, Lin B, Adams EJ, Lee KYC. MFG-E8: a model of multiple binding modes associated with ps-binding proteins. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2023; 46:114. [PMID: 37999806 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-023-00372-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-binding proteins often associate with lipid membranes through a singular binding interface which is generally modeled as a two-state system: bound or unbound. However, even a single interface can engage with more than one mode of binding since a variety of interactions can contribute to the binding event. Unfortunately, the ability to clearly delineate the different binding modes of a singular binding interface has been elusive with existing models. Here, we present a study on milk fat globule EGF factor 8 (MFG-E8), which belongs to a class of proteins that identifies and binds phosphatidylserine (PS). These proteins detect membrane dysregulation implicated in exposed PS in apoptosis and malignant cells. In order to elucidate the factors affecting the binding of MFG-E8, we used a model system consisting of a series of lipid vesicles with varying PS mole fraction to identify the sensitivity of MFG-E8's binding affinity to changes in electrostatics using a tryptophan fluorescence spectral shift assay. Using a newly developed model, we experimentally identified three binding modes, each associated with a different number of PS lipids, with its cooperativity for binding being enhanced by the availability of negatively charged lipids. X-ray reflectivity experiments additionally suggest that MFG-E8's binding modes are influenced by membrane packing. The protocols established for elucidating MFG-E8's interaction with lipid membranes under different membrane conditions can be applied to the study of other membrane-binding proteins that target specific membrane attributes, such as fluidity and electrostatics, and help elucidate these membrane targeting mechanisms and their subsequent binding events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Suwatthee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniel Kerr
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sofiya Maltseva
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Charles L Dulberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Benjamin R Slaw
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wei Bu
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Binhua Lin
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Erin J Adams
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ka Yee C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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39
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Prouse T, Majumder R. TMEM16E: unscrambling our knowledge about coagulation. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3000-3004. [PMID: 37633641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teagan Prouse
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rinku Majumder
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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40
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Jiang S, Yang H, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li J. The basis of complications in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Pathological activation of ADAM17. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:37-46. [PMID: 37666046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 decreases with increasing infectivity, the primary approaches for antiviral treatments will be preventing or minimizing the complications resulting from virus infection. ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) activation by SARS-CoV-2 infection has a dual effect on the development of the disease: increased release of inflammatory cytokines and dysregulation of Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) on cell surfaces, inflammatory cytokine infiltration and loss of ACE2 protective function lead to a significant increase in the incidence of related complications. Importantly, pathologically activated ADAM17 showed superior features than S protein in regulating ACE2 expression and participating in the intra cellular replication of SARS-CoV-2. In short, SARS-CoV-2 elicits only a limited immune response when it promotes its own replication and pathogenicity through ADAM17. Therefore, the pathological activation of ADAM17 may also represent a diminished innate antiviral defense and an altered strategy of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ADAM17, with a focus on the new findings that SARS-CoV-2 affects ADAM17 expression through Furin protein converting enzyme and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and raises the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 may mediates the pathological activation of ADAM17 by hijacking the actin regulatory pathway, and discussed the underlying biological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Yang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Jida Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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41
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Ristow LC, Jezewski AJ, Chadwick BJ, Stamnes MA, Lin X, Krysan DJ. Cryptococcus neoformans adapts to the host environment through TOR-mediated remodeling of phospholipid asymmetry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6587. [PMID: 37852972 PMCID: PMC10584969 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42318-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus spp. are environmental fungi that first must adapt to the host environment before they can cause life-threatening meningitis in immunocompromised patients. Host CO2 concentrations are 100-fold higher than the external environment and strains unable to grow at host CO2 concentrations are not pathogenic. Using a genetic screening and transcriptional profiling approach, we report that the TOR pathway is critical for C. neoformans adaptation to host CO2 partly through Ypk1-dependent remodeling of phosphatidylserine asymmetry at the plasma membrane. We also describe a C. neoformans ABC/PDR transporter (PDR9) that is highly expressed in CO2-sensitive environmental strains, suppresses CO2-induced phosphatidylserine/phospholipid remodeling, and increases susceptibility to host concentrations of CO2. Interestingly, regulation of plasma membrane lipid asymmetry by the TOR-Ypk1 axis is distinct in C. neoformans compared to S. cerevisiae. Finally, host CO2 concentrations suppress the C. neoformans pathways that respond to host temperature (Mpk1) and pH (Rim101), indicating that host adaptation requires a stringent balance among distinct stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Ristow
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Andrew J Jezewski
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | - Mark A Stamnes
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Caver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Xiaorong Lin
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Damian J Krysan
- Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Caver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
- Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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42
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Lieffrig SA, Gyimesi G, Mao Y, Finnemann SC. Clearance phagocytosis by the retinal pigment epithelial during photoreceptor outer segment renewal: Molecular mechanisms and relation to retinal inflammation. Immunol Rev 2023; 319:81-99. [PMID: 37555340 PMCID: PMC10615845 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian photoreceptor outer segment renewal is a highly coordinated process that hinges on timed cell signaling between photoreceptor neurons and the adjacent retinal pigment epithelial (RPE). It is a strictly rhythmic, synchronized process that underlies in part circadian regulation. We highlight findings from recently developed methods that quantify distinct phases of outer segment renewal in retinal tissue. At light onset, outer segments expose the conserved "eat-me" signal phosphatidylserine exclusively at their distal, most aged tip. A coordinated two-receptor efferocytosis process follows, in which ligands bridge outer segment phosphatidylserine with the RPE receptors αvβ5 integrin, inducing cytosolic signaling toward Rac1 and focal adhesion kinase/MERTK, and with MERTK directly, additionally inhibiting RhoA/ROCK and thus enabling F-actin dynamics favoring outer segment fragment engulfment. Photoreceptors and RPE persist for life with each RPE cell in the eye servicing dozens of overlying photoreceptors. Thus, RPE cells phagocytose more often and process more material than any other cell type. Mutant mice with impaired outer segment renewal largely retain functional photoreceptors and retinal integrity. However, when anti-inflammatory signaling in the RPE via MERTK or the related TYRO3 is lacking, catastrophic inflammation leads to immune cell infiltration that swiftly destroys the retina causing blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Lieffrig
- Center for Cancer, Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | - Gavin Gyimesi
- Center for Cancer, Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | | | - Silvia C. Finnemann
- Center for Cancer, Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
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43
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Khalaji A, Yancheshmeh FB, Farham F, Khorram A, Sheshbolouki S, Zokaei M, Vatankhah F, Soleymani-Goloujeh M. Don't eat me/eat me signals as a novel strategy in cancer immunotherapy. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20507. [PMID: 37822610 PMCID: PMC10562801 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stands as one of the prominent global causes of death, with its incidence burden continuously increasing, leading to a substantial rise in mortality rates. Cancer treatment has seen the development of various strategies, each carrying its drawbacks that can negatively impact the quality of life for cancer patients. The challenge remains significant within the medical field to establish a definitive cancer treatment that minimizes complications and limitations. In the forthcoming years, exploring new strategies to surmount the failures in cancer treatment appears to be an unavoidable pursuit. Among these strategies, immunology-based ones hold substantial promise in combatting cancer and immune-related disorders. A particular subset of this approach identifies "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals in cancer cells, contrasting them with their counterparts in non-cancerous cells. This distinction could potentially mark a significant breakthrough in treating diverse cancers. By delving into signal transduction and engineering novel technologies that utilize distinct "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals, a valuable avenue may emerge for advancing cancer treatment methodologies. Macrophages, functioning as vital components of the immune system, regulate metabolic equilibrium, manage inflammatory disorders, oversee fibrosis, and aid in the repair of injuries. However, in the context of tumor cells, the overexpression of "Don't eat me" signals like CD47, PD-L1, and beta-2 microglobulin (B2M), an anti-phagocytic subunit of the primary histocompatibility complex class I, enables these cells to evade macrophages and proliferate uncontrollably. Conversely, the presentation of an "eat me" signal, such as Phosphatidylserine (PS), along with alterations in charge and glycosylation patterns on the cellular surface, modifications in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) epitopes, and the exposure of Calreticulin and PS on the outer layer of the plasma membrane represent universally observed changes on the surface of apoptotic cells, preventing phagocytosis from causing harm to adjacent non-tumoral cells. The current review provides insight into how signaling pathways and immune cells either stimulate or obstruct these signals, aiming to address challenges that may arise in future immunotherapy research. A potential solution lies in combination therapies targeting the "eat me" and "Don't eat me" signals in conjunction with other targeted therapeutic approaches. This innovative strategy holds promise as a novel avenue for the future treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirreza Khalaji
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatereh Baharlouei Yancheshmeh
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farham
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Khorram
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shiva Sheshbolouki
- Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Maryam Zokaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beyza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Beyza, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Vatankhah
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Soleymani-Goloujeh
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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44
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Zhang P, Maruoka M, Suzuki R, Katani H, Dou Y, Packwood DM, Kosako H, Tanaka M, Suzuki J. Extracellular calcium functions as a molecular glue for transmembrane helices to activate the scramblase Xkr4. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5592. [PMID: 37696806 PMCID: PMC10495444 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The "eat me" signal, phosphatidylserine is exposed on the surface of dying cells by phospholipid scrambling. Previously, we showed that the Xkr family protein Xkr4 is activated by caspase-mediated cleavage and binding of the XRCC4 fragment. Here, we show that extracellular calcium is an additional factor needed to activate Xkr4. The constitutively active mutant of Xkr4 is found to induce phospholipid scrambling in an extracellular, but not intracellular, calcium-dependent manner. Importantly, other Xkr family members also require extracellular calcium for activation. Alanine scanning shows that D123 and D127 of TM1 and E310 of TM3 coordinate calcium binding. Moreover, lysine scanning demonstrates that the E310K mutation-mediated salt bridge between TM1 and TM3 bypasses the requirement of calcium. Cysteine scanning proves that disulfide bond formation between TM1 and TM3 also activates phospholipid scrambling without calcium. Collectively, this study shows that extracellular calcium functions as a molecular glue for TM1 and TM3 of Xkr proteins for activation, thus demonstrating a regulatory mechanism for multi-transmembrane region-containing proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Maruoka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Center for Integrated Biosystems, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics (CiMPhy), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hikaru Katani
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yu Dou
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Daniel M Packwood
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Motomu Tanaka
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Physics (CiMPhy), Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Physical Chemistry of Biosystems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jun Suzuki
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
- Center for Integrated Biosystems, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
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Araújo COD, Pedroso AP, Boldarine VT, Fernandes AMAP, Perez JJM, Montenegro RM, Montenegro APDR, de Carvalho AB, Fernandes VO, Oyama LM, Carvalho PO, Maia CSC, Bueno AA, Ribeiro EB, Telles MM. Plasma signatures of Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy patients identified by untargeted lipidomic profiling are not changed after a fat-containing breakfast meal. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2023; 196:102584. [PMID: 37573715 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incapacity to store lipids in adipose tissue in Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy (CGL) causes hypoleptinemia, increased appetite, ectopic fat deposition and lipotoxicity. CGL patients experience shortened life expectancy. The plasma lipidomic profile has not been characterized fully in CGL, nor has the extent of dietary intake in its modulation. The present work investigated the plasma lipidomic profile of CGL patients in comparison to eutrophic individuals at the fasted state and after a breakfast meal. METHOD Blood samples from 11 CGL patients and 10 eutrophic controls were collected after 12 h fasting (T0) and 90 min after an ad libitum fat-containing breakfast (T90). The lipidomic profile of extracted plasma lipids was characterized by non-target liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. RESULTS Important differences between groups were observed at T0 and at T90. Several molecular species of fatty acyls, glycerolipids, sphingolipids and glycerophospholipids were altered in CGL. All the detected fatty acyl molecular species, several diacylglycerols and one triacylglycerol species were upregulated in CGL. Among sphingolipids, one sphingomyelin and one glycosphingolipid species showed downregulation in CGL. Alterations in the glycerophospholipids glycerophosphoethanolamines, glycerophosphoserines and cardiolipins were more complex. Interestingly, when comparing T90 versus T0, the lipidomic profile in CGL did not change as intensely as it did for control participants. CONCLUSIONS The present study found profound alterations in the plasma lipidomic profile of complex lipids in CGL patients as compared to control subjects. A fat-containing breakfast meal did not appear to significantly influence the CGL profile observed in the fasted state. Our study may have implications for clinical practice, also aiding to a deeper comprehension of the role of complex lipids in CGL in view of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla O D Araújo
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda P Pedroso
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Valter T Boldarine
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria A P Fernandes
- Postgraduate Program of Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - José J M Perez
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan M Montenegro
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula D R Montenegro
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Annelise B de Carvalho
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Virgínia O Fernandes
- Brazilian Group for the Study of Inherited and Acquired Lipodystrophies - Hospital Universitário Walter Cantídio, Departamento de Medicina Clínica e Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - Lila M Oyama
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia O Carvalho
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla S C Maia
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Allain A Bueno
- College of Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Worcester, Worcester WR2 6AJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Eliane B Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Mônica M Telles
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Fisiologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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46
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Shan KZ, Le T, Liang P, Dong P, Yang H. Endothelial TMEM16F lipid scramblase regulates angiogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.17.553724. [PMID: 37645870 PMCID: PMC10462142 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.17.553724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic loss of lipid asymmetry through the activation of TMEM16 Ca2+-activated lipid scramblases (CaPLSases) has been increasingly recognized as an essential membrane event in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including blood coagulation, microparticle release, bone development, pain sensation, cell-cell fusion, and viral infection. Despite the recent implications of TMEM16F CaPLSase in vascular development and endothelial cell-mediated coagulation, its signaling role in endothelial biology remains to be established. Here, we show that endothelial TMEM16F regulates in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis through intracellular signaling. Developmental retinal angiogenesis is significantly impaired in TMEM16F deficient mice, as evidenced by fewer vascular loops and larger loop areas. Consistent with our in vivo observation, TMEM16F siRNA knockdown in human umbilical vein endothelial cells compromises angiogenesis in vitro. We further discovered that TMEM16F knockdown enhances VE-cadherin phosphorylation and reduces its expression. Moreover, TMEM16F knockdown also promotes Src kinase phosphorylation at tyrosine 416, which may be responsible for downregulating VE-cadherin expression. Our study thus uncovers a new biological function of TMEM16F in angiogenesis and provides a potential mechanism for how the CaPLSase regulates angiogenesis through intracellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zoe Shan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Trieu Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Curreent address: Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Huanghe Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
- Curreent address: Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A4, Canada
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47
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Tate P, Mastrodomenico V, Cunha C, McClure J, Barron AE, Diamond G, Mounce BC, Kirshenbaum K. Peptidomimetic Oligomers Targeting Membrane Phosphatidylserine Exhibit Broad Antiviral Activity. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1508-1522. [PMID: 37530426 PMCID: PMC10425984 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of durable new antiviral therapies is challenging, as viruses can evolve rapidly to establish resistance and attenuate therapeutic efficacy. New compounds that selectively target conserved viral features are attractive therapeutic candidates, particularly for combating newly emergent viral threats. The innate immune system features a sustained capability to combat pathogens through production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); however, these AMPs have shortcomings that can preclude clinical use. The essential functional features of AMPs have been recapitulated by peptidomimetic oligomers, yielding effective antibacterial and antifungal agents. Here, we show that a family of AMP mimetics, called peptoids, exhibit direct antiviral activity against an array of enveloped viruses, including the key human pathogens Zika, Rift Valley fever, and chikungunya viruses. These data suggest that the activities of peptoids include engagement and disruption of viral membrane constituents. To investigate how these peptoids target lipid membranes, we used liposome leakage assays to measure membrane disruption. We found that liposomes containing phosphatidylserine (PS) were markedly sensitive to peptoid treatment; in contrast, liposomes formed exclusively with phosphatidylcholine (PC) showed no sensitivity. In addition, chikungunya virus containing elevated envelope PS was more susceptible to peptoid-mediated inactivation. These results indicate that peptoids mimicking the physicochemical characteristics of AMPs act through a membrane-specific mechanism, most likely through preferential interactions with PS. We provide the first evidence for the engagement of distinct viral envelope lipid constituents, establishing an avenue for specificity that may enable the development of a new family of therapeutics capable of averting the rapid development of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick
M. Tate
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Vincent Mastrodomenico
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Christina Cunha
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | | | - Annelise E. Barron
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Gill Diamond
- Department
of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
| | - Bryan C. Mounce
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University
Chicago Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60130, United States
| | - Kent Kirshenbaum
- Department
of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
- Maxwell
Biosciences, Austin, Texas 78738, United States
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48
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Sperrhacke M, Leitzke S, Ahrens B, Reiss K. Breakdown of Phospholipid Asymmetry Triggers ADAM17-Mediated Rescue Events in Cells Undergoing Apoptosis. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:720. [PMID: 37623781 PMCID: PMC10456294 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13080720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
ADAM17, a prominent member of the "Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase" (ADAM) family, controls vital cellular functions through the cleavage of transmembrane substrates, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligands such as transforming growth factor (TGF)-alpha and Epiregulin (EREG). Several ADAM17 substrates are relevant to oncogenesis and tumor growth. We have presented evidence that surface exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) is pivotal for ADAM17 to exert sheddase activity. The scramblase Xkr8 is instrumental for calcium-independent exposure of PS in apoptotic cells. Xkr8 can be dually activated by caspase-3 and by kinases. In this investigation, we examined whether Xkr8 would modulate ADAM17 activity under apoptotic and non-apoptotic conditions. Overexpression of Xkr8 in HEK293T cells led to significantly increased caspase-dependent as well as PMA-induced release of EREG and TGF-alpha. Conversely, siRNA-mediated downregulation of Xkr8 in colorectal Caco-2 cancer cells led to decreased PS externalization upon induction of apoptosis, which was accompanied by reduced shedding of endogenously expressed EREG and reduced cell survival. We conclude that Xkr8 shares with conventional scramblases the propensity to upmodulate the ADAM-sheddase function. Liberation of growth factors could serve a rescue function in cells on the pathway to apoptotic death.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Karina Reiss
- Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany (B.A.)
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49
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Čopič A, Dieudonné T, Lenoir G. Phosphatidylserine transport in cell life and death. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 83:102192. [PMID: 37413778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a negatively charged glycerophospholipid found mainly in the plasma membrane (PM) and in the late secretory/endocytic compartments, where it regulates cellular activity and can mediate apoptosis. Export of PS from the endoplasmic reticulum, its site of synthesis, to other compartments, and its transbilayer asymmetry must therefore be precisely regulated. We review recent findings on nonvesicular transport of PS by lipid transfer proteins (LTPs) at membrane contact sites, on PS flip-flop between membrane leaflets by flippases and scramblases, and on PS nanoclustering at the PM. We also discuss emerging data on cooperation between scramblases and LTPs, how perturbation of PS distribution can lead to disease, and the specific role of PS in viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alenka Čopič
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier (CRBM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, 34293, Montpellier CEDEX 05, France.
| | - Thibaud Dieudonné
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Guillaume Lenoir
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
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50
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Lee H, Shin SH, Yang S. Rationally designed PMAP-23 derivatives with enhanced bactericidal and anticancer activity based on the molecular mechanism of peptide-membrane interactions. Amino Acids 2023; 55:1013-1022. [PMID: 37310533 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-023-03290-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a crucial component of the natural defense system that the host employs to protect itself against invading pathogens. PMAP-23, a cathelicidin-derived AMP, has potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Our earlier studies led us to hypothesize that PMAP-23 adopts a dynamic helix-hinge-helix structure, initially attaching to membrane surfaces through the N-helix and subsequently inserting the C-helix into the lipid bilayer. Here, we rationally designed PMAP-NC with increased amphipathicity and hydrophobicity in the N- and C-helix, respectively, based on the hypothesis of the interaction of PMAP-23 with membranes. Compared to the parental PMAP-23, PMAP-NC showed two-eightfold improved bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains with fast killing kinetics. Fluorescence studies demonstrated that PMAP-NC largely disrupted membrane integrity, indicating that efficiency and kinetics of bacterial killing are associated with the membrane permeabilization. Interestingly, PMAP-NC exhibited much better anticancer activity against tumor cells than PMAP-23 but displayed low hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes. Collectively, our findings suggest that PMAP-NC, with the structural arrangement of an amphipathic helix-hinge-hydrophobic helix that plays a critical role in rapid and efficient membrane permeabilization, can be an attractive candidate for novel antimicrobial and/or anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunhee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea
| | - Sung-Heui Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea
| | - Sungtae Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea.
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, South Korea.
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