1
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Tekin B, Xie F, Lehman JS. Lichen Planus: What is New in Diagnosis and Treatment? Am J Clin Dermatol 2024:10.1007/s40257-024-00878-9. [PMID: 38982032 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-024-00878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP), an idiopathic, multifaceted chronic inflammatory disease with a heterogeneous clinical presentation, affects approximately 0.5-1% of the population. The various clinical manifestations of LP fall into three broad categories, namely cutaneous, appendageal, and mucosal, with further subclassification depending on the morphology and distribution patterns of individual lesions. There is mounting evidence that LP has systemic associations, including autoimmune conditions, glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disorders. Cutaneous hypertrophic and mucosal forms of LP are at a heightened risk for malignant transformation. Familiarity with these potential associations in conjunction with long-term follow-up and regular screening could lead to a timely diagnosis and management of concomitant conditions. In addition, the frequent quality of life (QoL) impairment in LP underscores the need for a comprehensive approach including psychological evaluation and support. Several treatment strategies have been attempted, though most of them have not been adopted in clinical practice because of suboptimal benefit-to-risk ratios or lack of evidence. More recent studies toward pathogenesis-driven treatments have identified Janus kinase inhibitors such as tofacitinib, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors such as apremilast, and biologics targeting the interleukin-23/interleukin-17 pathway as novel therapeutic options, resulting in a dramatic change of the treatment landscape of LP. This contemporary review focuses on the diagnosis and management of LP, and places emphasis on more recently described targeted treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Tekin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Fangyi Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Julia S Lehman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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2
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Reekie IR, Simpson A, Erikitola O, Lyall D, Roberts F. Ocular Lichen Planus: A clinicopathologic review. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024:11206721241229128. [PMID: 38304934 DOI: 10.1177/11206721241229128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis that can affect the skin, mucous membranes and nails. Cutaneous lichen planus lesions are best described by the "six Ps" - purple pruritic polygonal planar papules and plaques. Mucous membrane lesions are commonly associated with cutaneous lichen planus. Ocular involvement with lichen planus is rare and conjunctival involvement usually predominates, it can however be visually devastating. Ocular lichen planus often progresses to extensive conjunctival scarring which can be impossible to distinguish clinically from other cicatrising conjunctivitis, requiring histopathological confirmation. Here we review the ocular pathology of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian R Reekie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Alasdair Simpson
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Ore Erikitola
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Douglas Lyall
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hairmyres Hospital, NHS Lanarkshire, East Kilbride, UK
| | - Fiona Roberts
- Department of Histopathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK
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3
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Vu M, Abdin R, Issa NT. Treatment of oral lichen planus using deucravacitinib. JAAD Case Rep 2024; 44:94-97. [PMID: 38351970 PMCID: PMC10861938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mindy Vu
- Forefront Dermatology, Vienna, Virginia
- Issa Research and Consulting, LLC, Springfield, Virginia
| | - Rama Abdin
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida
| | - Naiem T. Issa
- Forefront Dermatology, Vienna, Virginia
- Issa Research and Consulting, LLC, Springfield, Virginia
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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4
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Wang X, Li S, Song H, Ding Y, Gao R, Shi X, Li R, Ge X. METTL14-upregulated miR-6858 triggers cell apoptosis in keratinocytes of oral lichen planus through decreasing GSDMC. Commun Biol 2023; 6:976. [PMID: 37741915 PMCID: PMC10517968 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic inflammatory disorder, is characterized by the massive cell apoptosis in the keratinocytes of oral mucosa. However, the mechanism responsible for triggering oral keratinocyte apoptosis is not fully explained. Here, we identify that Gasdermin C (GSDMC) downregulation contributes to apoptosis in human oral keratinocytes. Mechanistically, we describe that activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway induces overexpression of methyltransferase-like 14 (METTL14), which increases N6-adenosine methylation (m6A) levels in the epithelial layer of OLP. m6A modification is capable of regulating primary miR-6858 processing and alternative splicing, leading to miR-6858 increases. miR-6858 can bind and promote GSDMC mRNA degradation. Forced expression of GSDMC is able to rescue cell apoptosis in human oral keratinocyte models resembling OLP. Collectively, our data unveil that m6A modification regulates miR-6858 production to decrease GSDMC expression and to trigger keratinocyte apoptosis in the context of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Child Dental and Preventive Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Shuangting Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Huimin Song
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Child Dental and Preventive Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Hainan Provincial Hospital of Skin Disease, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Department of Dermatology, Skin Disease Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaotong Shi
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Child Dental and Preventive Dentistry, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ran Li
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuejun Ge
- Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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Huang W, Huang X, Yang L, Han W, Zhu Z, Wang Y, Chen R. Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis Exploring the Mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1448. [PMID: 37629739 PMCID: PMC10456824 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an infrequent autoimmune disease of the oral mucosa, which affects up to 2% of the world population. An investigation of Tripterygium wilfordii's mechanism of action for treating OLP was conducted, and a theoretical basis was provided for improving current treatment regimens. Materials and Methods: We used a network pharmacological approach to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of Tripterygium wilfordii in the treatment of OLP. Then, potential protein targets between Tripterygium wilfordii and OLP were analyzed through a drug-target network. This was followed by KEGG enrichment analysis and Gene Ontology (GO) classification. Finally, for molecular docking, AutoDock Vina was used. Results: A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by analyzing the common targets of a total of 51 wilfordii-OLP interactions from different databases. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that the treatment of OLP with Tripterygium wilfordii mainly involves lipopolysaccharide response, bacterial molecular response, positive regulation of cytokine production, and leukocyte proliferation, and the signaling pathways mainly include the AGE-RAGE, NF-κB, Toll-like receptor, IL-17, HIF-1, and TNF signaling pathways. The molecular docking results showed that β-sitosterol, kaempferol, hederagenin, and triptolide have a higher affinity for AKT1, TNF, CASP3, and PTGS2, respectively. Based on the CytoNCA analysis of common targets, 19 key targets, including AKT1, TNF, VEGFA, STAT3, CXCL8, PTGS2, TP53, and CASP3, and their connections were identified. Conclusions: Preliminarily, this study reveals that Tripterygium wilfordii interferes with OLP by interacting with multiple targets through multiple accesses, as validated by molecular docking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yuanyin Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China; (W.H.); (X.H.); (L.Y.); (W.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ran Chen
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, No. 81, Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei 230032, China; (W.H.); (X.H.); (L.Y.); (W.H.); (Z.Z.)
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Wang Y, Xue N, Wang Z, Zeng X, Ji N, Chen Q. Targeting Th17 cells: a promising strategy to treat oral mucosal inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1236856. [PMID: 37564654 PMCID: PMC10410157 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1236856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
With the improved quality of life, oral health is under increased pressure. Numerous common oral mucosal diseases, such as oral lichen planus(OLP) and gingivitis, are related to the destruction of the oral immune barrier. The cytokines secreted by T-helper 17 (Th17) cells are essential for maintaining oral immune homeostasis and play essential roles in immune surveillance. When antigens stimulate the epithelium, Th17 cells expand, differentiate, and generate inflammatory factors to recruit other lymphocytes, such as neutrophils, to clear the infection, which helps to maintain the integrity of the epithelial barrier. In contrast, excessive Th17/IL-17 axis reactions may cause autoimmune damage. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the role of Th17 cells in oral mucosa may provide prospects for treating oral mucosal diseases. We reviewed the role of Th17 cells in various oral and skin mucosal systemic diseases with oral characteristics, and based on the findings of these reports, we emphasize that Th17 cellular response may be a critical factor in inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa. In addition, we should pay attention to the role and relationship of "pathogenic Th17" and "non-pathogenic Th17" in oral mucosal diseases. We hope to provide a reference for Th17 cells as a potential therapeutic target for treating oral mucosal inflammatory disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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7
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Afzali S, Mohammadisoleimani E, Mansoori Y, Mohaghegh P, Bahmanyar M, Mansoori B, Pezeshki B, Nikfar G, Tavassoli A, Shahi A, Moravej A. The potential roles of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01763-7. [PMID: 37414985 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic autoimmune disease, whose pathogenesis and etiology are not entirely understood. OLP is characterized by subepithelial lymphocyte infiltration and elevated intra-epithelial lymphocytes. The majority of lamina propria lymphocytes are CD4+ T cells. CD4+ helper T (Th) cells play a crucial role in activating CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) through interactions and cytokine production. Th1 and Th2 cells are well-accepted to be associated with OLP pathogenesis. However, OLP treatment is challenging yet, the more information we have about the pathology of OLP, the easier it will be treated. With the discovery of Th17 cells in recent years and the demonstration of their role in autoimmune disease, many researchers started to investigate the role of Th17 in the pathogenesis of OLP. METHODS To make up this review, studies covering the role of TH17 in different types of lichen planus were selected from major databases. RESULTS As we review in this article, Th17 cells and their signature cytokines play an important role in OLP pathogenesis. As well, utilizing some anti-IL-17 antibodies showed promising results in improving the disease; however, more studies are still needed to better understand and treat OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Afzali
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Poopak Mohaghegh
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahmanyar
- Pediatrics Department, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Behnam Mansoori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Babak Pezeshki
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ghasem Nikfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Alireza Tavassoli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abbas Shahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Ali Moravej
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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Abboud CS, Brandão EHDS, Cunha KRL, de Sousa Brito K, Gallo CDB, Molon AC, Horliana ACRT, Franco ASL, Thongprasom K, Rodrigues MFSD. Serum and salivary cytokines in patients with oral lichen planus treated with Photobiomodulation. Oral Dis 2023; 29:1250-1258. [PMID: 34817126 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the serum and salivary levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) treated with Photobiomodulation (PBM) and clobetasol propionate 0.05%. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty-four OLP patients were randomized into two groups: Control (clobetasol propionate 0.05%) and PBM (660 nm, 100 mW, 177 J/cm2 , 5 s, 0.5 J per point). Serum and saliva were collected at baseline and at the end of treatment (after 30 days) and evaluated using ELISA. The cytokine results were correlated with pain, clinical subtypes, and clinical scores of OLP. RESULTS IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, TNF-α, and IL-4 levels were higher in saliva in relation to serum. IL-1β was the most concentrated cytokine in saliva, and a positive correlation with the severity of OLP was noticed. After treatment with corticosteroid, IL-1β in saliva decreased significantly. No modulation of all cytokines was observed after PBM. CONCLUSION IL-1β appears to be an important cytokine involved in OLP pathogenesis. In addition, the mechanisms of action of PBM do not seem to be linked to the modulation of pro or anti-inflammatory cytokines at the end of treatment. It is possible that this events occurred early during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clery Saad Abboud
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Karen Roberta Lopes Cunha
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kaline de Sousa Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila de Barros Gallo
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Cristina Molon
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Santos Lino Franco
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kobkan Thongprasom
- Oral Medicine Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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9
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Vičić M, Hlača N, Kaštelan M, Brajac I, Sotošek V, Prpić Massari L. Comprehensive Insight into Lichen Planus Immunopathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033038. [PMID: 36769361 PMCID: PMC9918135 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus is a chronic disease affecting the skin, appendages, and mucous membranes. A cutaneous lichen planus is a rare disease occurring in less than 1% of the general population, while oral illness is up to five times more prevalent; still, both forms equally impair the patient's quality of life. The etiology of lichen planus is not entirely understood. Yet, immune-mediated mechanisms have been recognized since environmental factors such as hepatitis virus infection, mechanical trauma, psychological stress, or microbiome changes can trigger the disease in genetically susceptible individuals. According to current understanding, lichen planus immunopathogenesis is caused by cell-mediated cytotoxicity, particularly cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whose activity is further influenced by Th1 and IL-23/Th-17 axis. However, other immunocytes and inflammatory pathways complement these mechanisms. This paper presents a comprehensive insight into the actual knowledge about lichen planus, with the causal genetic and environmental factors being discussed, the immunopathogenesis described, and the principal effectors of its inflammatory circuits identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Vičić
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Nika Hlača
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Marija Kaštelan
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ines Brajac
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vlatka Sotošek
- Department of Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Tome Strižića 3, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Larisa Prpić Massari
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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10
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Deng X, Wang Y, Jiang L, Li J, Chen Q. Updates on immunological mechanistic insights and targeting of the oral lichen planus microenvironment. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1023213. [PMID: 36700192 PMCID: PMC9870618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immune inflammatory disease that is an oral potentially malignant disorder (OPMD), occurs in the oral mucosa and affects approximately 0.5% to 4% of the general population. There are usually five types of OLP: reticular/papular, plaque-like, atrophic/erythematous, erosive/ulcerative, and bullous. Furthermore, the chance of causing oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is 1.4%. Although the etiology of OLP is still unknown, accumulating evidence supports that immune dysregulation may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of OLP, especially the massive production of various inflammatory cells and inflammatory mediators. In this review, we focus on the relationship between OLP and its immune microenvironment. We summarize current developments in the immunology of OLP, summarizing functional cell types and crucial cytokines in the OLP immune microenvironment and the underlying mechanisms of key signaling pathways in the OLP immune microenvironment. We highlight the application potential of targeted immune microenvironment therapy for OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lu Jiang
- *Correspondence: Jing Li, ; Lu Jiang,
| | - Jing Li
- *Correspondence: Jing Li, ; Lu Jiang,
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11
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Xue N, Wang Y, Cheng H, Liang H, Fan X, Zuo F, Zeng X, Ji N, Chen Q. Regulatory T cell therapy suppresses inflammation of oral mucosa. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1009742. [PMID: 36389752 PMCID: PMC9660253 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1009742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases, including oral lichen planus (OLP) and recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU), seriously affect the patient’s quality of life. Due to the lack of ideal disease models, it is difficult to determine whether novel immunotherapy strategies are effective in treating oral inflammatory diseases. Here, we show that the deficiency of Foxp3 or IL-2 caused oral mucosa inflammation in mice, proving that Treg cells are important in maintaining the immune homeostasis in the oral mucosa. Then we determined that adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25-CD45Rbhigh T cells could induce oral inflammation in Rag1-/- mice, and co-transfer of Treg cells together with CD4+CD25-CD45Rbhigh T cells could suppress the development of oral inflammation in this mouse model. Our study showed that adoptive transfer of CD4+CD25-CD45Rbhigh T cells into Rag1-/- mice could be a novel disease model of oral inflammation. Our data provides direct evidence that Treg cell therapy is effective in suppressing oral mucosa inflammation in mice. Therefore, Treg cell therapy may be a promising novel strategy to treat oral inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hantian Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinzou Fan
- Department of Biotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fengqiong Zuo
- Department of Immunology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zeng, ; Ning Ji,
| | - Ning Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Zeng, ; Ning Ji,
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Pollard B, McCoy WH, Leonardi CL, Martin AG. Wolf's isotopic response of lichen planus following contact dermatitis. JAAD Case Rep 2022; 27:128-130. [PMID: 36046802 PMCID: PMC9421081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdcr.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruin Pollard
- Medical Education Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - William H McCoy
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Craig L Leonardi
- Department of Dermatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Ann G Martin
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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13
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Hirani S, Charania A, Salim S, Faheem S. A review on interleukins (IL10 and IL17) as biomarkers for hepatitis C-associated oral lichen planus. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-022-00211-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus is a viral infection associated with autoimmune disorders. This virus has hepatic and extrahepatic manifestations. One of the extrahepatic manifestations associated with the hepatitis C virus includes oral lichen planus. Oral lichen planus is an autoimmune disorder mainly affecting the tongue and buccal mucosa. It clinically represents grayish-white striae bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. The pathogenesis involves the progression of the hepatitis C virus, and oral lichen planus affects T lymphocytes. Specific proteins and cytokines activate these T lymphocytes, which act as biomarkers to detect certain diseases. Interleukin 10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine, whereas interleukin 17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine. These cytokines have a pathophysiological role and act as biomarkers for many diseases. Therefore, this review article aims to establish the role of interleukin 10 and interleukin 17 as biomarkers for hepatitis C-associated oral lichen planus.
Conclusion
Hepatitis C virus is an infectious disease that can lead to liver cirrhosis, and oral lichen planus is a premalignant lesion that can lead to oral carcinoma. As interleukin 10 lessens the immune pathologies and interleukin 17 mediates proinflammatory response, therefore, these biomarkers have a role in progression of these diseases.
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14
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MAIT cells and their implication in human oral diseases. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1041-1054. [PMID: 35781343 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01600-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are unique innate-like T cells that are abundant in humans, accounting for 1-10% of circulating T cells and about 2% of total T cells in human oral cavity. MAIT cells can mount a strong immune response quickly without exogenous antigens and undergo a phenotypic transformation in the development of diseases. They produce cytokines involved in the Th1 and Th17 immune response and cytotoxic proteins, promote the dysfunction of autoreactive B cell and inhibit the function of NK cells. MAIT cells have been widely explored in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases and tumors, and these mechanisms may also be involved in the pathogenesis of some oral diseases, while MAIT cells have not been systematically discussed in oral diseases. METHODS We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Microsoft Bing databases to review and analyze relevant literatures on the impact of MAIT cells in the pathogenesis of human oral diseases. CONCLUSION Collected evidence elucidated the characteristics of MAIT cells and emphasized the potential roles of MAIT cells in oral lichen planus (OLP), chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), apical periodontitis (AP) and primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).
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15
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Abdeldayem E, Rashed L, Ali S. Salivary expression of lncRNA DQ786243 and IL-17 in oral lichen planus: case-control study. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:240. [PMID: 35717182 PMCID: PMC9206297 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02277-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A growing number of studies has investigated IL-17 in OLP. However, its exact role and interactions are not fully determined. In addition, the literature investigating its salivary expression is limited. The scarcity in the literature studying lncRNAs was noticed, particularly with regards to correlating them with cytokines in OLP. In the current study, the salivary expression of lncRNA DQ786243 and IL-17 was assessed among different forms of OLP. Methods The study included 52 participants in four equal groups: reticular OLP, erythematous OLP, ulcerative OLP, and control group. All eligible OLP patients underwent conventional oral examination, along with basic charting of their demographic data, pain intensity using a visual analogue scale, and clinical evaluation using the Thongprasom et al. scale. The salivary expression of lncRNA DQ786243 and IL-17 was evaluated for all participants using qRT-PCR. Unstimulated whole saliva samples were used. Data were analyzed for statistical significance. Results No statistically significant difference was observed when comparing the mean age and gender distribution of the studied groups. A statistically significant difference was detected when comparing pain and clinical scores in the three OLP forms. The highest expression of both salivary biomarkers was noticed in ulcerative OLP, followed by erythematous OLP and reticular OLP, then the controls, with a significant difference between the studied groups. Upon comparing the salivary expression of DQ786243 in ulcerative and erythematous OLP, no significant difference was detected. No significant difference was detected when comparing salivary expression of IL-17 in erythematous OLP to the other OLP forms. Conclusions The salivary expression of lncRNA DQ786243 and IL-17 was upregulated in OLP compared to healthy individuals. Besides, their expression increased when the severity of OLP was at its highest level in ulcerative OLP. There was a positive correlation between DQ786243 and IL-17. Trial registration The protocol was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04503824). The date of registration is 07/08/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Engy Abdeldayem
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 El-Saraya Street, Manial, Cairo, 11553, Egypt.
| | - Laila Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shereen Ali
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, 11 El-Saraya Street, Manial, Cairo, 11553, Egypt
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16
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Husein‐ElAhmed H, Steinhoff M. Potential role of interleukin‐17 in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus: A systematic review with meta‐analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1735-1744. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Husein Husein‐ElAhmed
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology. Hospital de Baza. Granada. Spain
- Translational Research Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medicine‐Qatar College of Medicine Doha Qatar
- Qatar University Medical School Doha Qatar
- Dept. of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA
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17
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Zanetta P, Ormelli M, Amoruso A, Pane M, Azzimonti B, Squarzanti DF. Probiotics as Potential Biological Immunomodulators in the Management of Oral Lichen Planus: What's New? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073489. [PMID: 35408849 PMCID: PMC8998608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder with multifactorial aetiology and malignant transformation potential. Despite the treatments so far identified, new tailored and safe specific measures are needed. Recently, human microbiota imbalance has been linked to several immune-mediated diseases, opening new therapeutic perspectives for probiotics; besides their ability to directly interact with the host microbiota, they also display a strain-specific immune-modulatory effect. Thus, this non-systematic review aims to elucidate the molecular pathways underlying probiotic activity, mainly those of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria and their metabolites in OLP pathogenesis and malignant transformation, focusing on the most recent in vitro and in vivo research evidence. Findings related to their activity in other immune-mediated diseases are here included, suggesting a probiotic translational use in OLP. Probiotics show immune-modulatory and microbiota-balancing activities; they protect the host from pathogens, hamper an excessive effector T cell response, reduce nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) signalling and basal keratinocytes abnormal apoptosis, shifting the mucosal response towards the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines, thus preventing uncontrolled damage. Therefore, probiotics could be a highly encouraging prevention and immunotherapeutic approach for a safer and more sustainable OLP management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zanetta
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy; (P.Z.); (M.O.)
| | - Margherita Ormelli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy; (P.Z.); (M.O.)
| | - Angela Amoruso
- Probiotical Research Srl, Via Mattei 3, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Marco Pane
- Probiotical Research Srl, Via Mattei 3, 28100 Novara, Italy; (A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy; (P.Z.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (D.F.S.); Tel.: +39-0321-660-870 (B.A.)
| | - Diletta Francesca Squarzanti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Health Sciences (DiSS), Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy; (P.Z.); (M.O.)
- Correspondence: (B.A.); (D.F.S.); Tel.: +39-0321-660-870 (B.A.)
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18
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Wang ZM, Zhang J, Wang F, Zhou G. The Tipped Balance of ILC1/ILC2 in Peripheral Blood of Oral Lichen Planus Is Related to Inflammatory Cytokines. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:725169. [PMID: 35174155 PMCID: PMC8842723 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.725169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immune-inflammatory disease mediated by T cells. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) constitute a novel family of immune cells that initially originate from common innate lymphoid progenitors. Termed “T cells counterparts,” ILCs play a prominent role in inflammatory-immune diseases. However, the characterization of ILCs and their related induced factors were unclear in OLP. In the present study, the phenotypic characteristics of ILCs and their correlation with inflammatory cytokines were explored in the peripheral blood of OLP patients and healthy controls. We found that the proportion of total ILCs was expanded in OLP and was positively correlated with disease severity. The highly skewed distribution of ILC subpopulations was notable in OLP. Specifically, the frequency of ILC1s was significantly increased, while that of ILC2s was significantly reduced in total ILCs of OLP, resulting in the markedly elevated ILC1/ILC2 ratio in OLP. Correspondingly, ILCs in OLP displayed high expression of T-bet but low expression of GATA3. In addition, the IFN-γ expression level was elevated in ILC1s, whereas the IL-4 expression level was decreased in ILC2s. Moreover, ILC-associated activators IL-12, IL-18, and IL-1β were upregulated in OLP plasma, with IL-12 and IL-1β both positively correlated with the ILC1/ILC2 ratio. Further in vitro stimulation tests indicated that OLP plasma remarkedly increased the ILC1/ILC2 ratio, especially that IL-12 and IL-1β tipped the balance between ILC1s and ILC2s toward ILC1s in total ILCs. Overall, elevated levels of IL-12 and IL-1β might act as environmental cues in tipping the balance of ILC1/ILC2 in the peripheral blood of OLP, contributing to the immune dysregulation in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ming Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei- MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Zhou,
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19
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El-Howati A, Thornhill MH, Colley HE, Murdoch C. Immune mechanisms in oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2022; 29:1400-1415. [PMID: 35092132 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease of the oral mucosa that has been extensively researched over many years but as yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis are still not fully understood. Whilst the specific etiologic factors driving OLP remain ambiguous, evidence points to the development of a chronic, dysregulated immune response to OLP-mediating antigens presented by innate immune cells and oral keratinocytes leading to increased cytokine, chemokine and adhesion molecule expression. These molecules recruit T-cells and mast cells to the diseased site and orchestrate a complex interplay between cells that culminates in keratinocyte cell death, mucosal basement membrane destruction and long-term chronicity of the disease. The main lymphocytes involved are thought to be CD8+ cytotoxic and CD4+ Th1 polarised T-cells although recent evidence indicates the involvement of other Th subsets such as Th9, Th17 and Tregs, suggesting that a more complex immune cell relationship exists during the disease process. This review provides an overview of the immune mechanisms at play in OLP pathogenesis with particular emphasis on the role of the different Th subsets and how these recent discoveries may guide research toward identifying potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma El-Howati
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Benghazi, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Martin H Thornhill
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Helen E Colley
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Murdoch
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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20
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Reveals of quercetin's therapeutic effects on oral lichen planus based on network pharmacology approach and experimental validation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1162. [PMID: 35064144 PMCID: PMC8782947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04769-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a localized autoimmune disease of the oral mucosa, with an incidence of up to 2%. Although corticosteroids are the first-line treatment, they cause several adverse effects. Quercetin, a naturally occurring compound, has fewer side-effects and provides long-term benefits. Besides, it has powerful anti‑inflammatory activities. Here, we combined network pharmacology with experimental verification to predict and verify the key targets of quercetin against OLP. First, 66 quercetin-OLP common targets were analyzed from various databases. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Topology analysis and MCODE cluster analysis of common targets were conducted to identify 12 key targets including TP53, IL-6 and IFN-γ and their connections. Gene functions and key signaling pathways, including reactive oxygen species metabolism, IL-17 pathway and AGE-RAGE pathway, were enriched by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Then, in vitro experiments showed that quercetin interfered with Th1/Th2 balance by acting on IL-6 and IFN-γ to modulate the immune system in treating OLP. Quercetin considerably affected the apoptosis and migration of T lymphocytes in OLP patients. Our study reveals the potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways of quercetin associated with OLP, and establishes the groundwork for future clinical applications.
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21
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Boch K, Langan EA, Kridin K, Zillikens D, Ludwig RJ, Bieber K. Lichen Planus. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:737813. [PMID: 34790675 PMCID: PMC8591129 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.737813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a T cell-mediated disease affecting the stratified squamous epithelia of the skin and/or mucus membrane. Histologically, the disease is characterized by a lichenoid inflammatory infiltrate and vacuolar degeneration of the basal layer of the epidermis. LP has three major subtypes: Cutaneous, mucosal and appendageal LP. Rarely, it may affect the nails in the absence of skin and/or mucosal changes. LP may also be induced by several drugs, typically anti-hypertensive medication or be associated with infections, particularly viral hepatitis. The diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and characteristic histological findings. Although the disease is often self-limiting, the intractable pruritus and painful mucosal erosions result in significant morbidity. The current first-line treatment are topical and/or systemic corticosteroids. In addition, immunosuppressants may be used as corticosteroid-sparing agents. These, however are often not sufficient to control disease. Janus kinase inhibitors and biologics (anti-IL-12/23, anti-IL17) have emerged as novel future treatment options. Thus, one may expect a dramatic change of the treatment landscape of LP in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Boch
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ewan A Langan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Dermatological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Khalaf Kridin
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf J Ludwig
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Katja Bieber
- Lübeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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22
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Aquino TM, Calvarido MG, North JP. Interleukin 36 expression in psoriasis variants and other dermatologic diseases with psoriasis-like histopathologic features. J Cutan Pathol 2021; 49:123-132. [PMID: 34346097 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated epidermal interleukin (IL)-36 expression distinguishes psoriasis from eczematous dermatitis, but other psoriasiform dermatitides (PDs) have not been thoroughly investigated for IL-36 expression. In this study, we assess the IL-36 staining pattern (IL36-SP) in psoriasis variants and other PDs including lichen simplex chronicus (LSC), prurigo nodularis (PN), lichen planus (LP), tinea, pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP), mycosis fungoides (MF), pemphigus foliaceus (PF), acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP), impetigo (IMP), and syphilis (SY). METHODS IL-36 immunostaining was performed on 307 cases of psoriasis and various PDs. IL36-SP in the upper epidermis was graded on a scale of 0-4. RESULTS High IL36-SP occurred in all variants of psoriasis, as well as in AGEP, PRP, PN, tinea, IMP, and LP (P > 0.05). SY, PF, LSC, and MF showed a lower IL36-SP (P ≤ 0.05) compared with psoriasis. CONCLUSION All variants of psoriasis exhibit high IL36-SP. IL-36 staining can assist in differentiating MF, PF, SY, and LSC from psoriasis, particularly MF and LSC, which have consistent low IL-36 expression. AGEP, PRP, tinea, IMP, PN, and LP exhibit high IL-36 expression similar to psoriasis, indicating Th17 activation in these diseases.
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23
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Kong C, Beukema M, Wang M, de Haan BJ, de Vos P. Human milk oligosaccharides and non-digestible carbohydrates prevent adhesion of specific pathogens via modulating glycosylation or inflammatory genes in intestinal epithelial cells. Food Funct 2021; 12:8100-8119. [PMID: 34286788 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00872b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs) and non-digestible carbohydrates (NDCs) are known to inhibit the adhesion of pathogens to the gut epithelium, but the mechanisms involved are not well understood. Here, the effects of 2'-FL, 3-FL, DP3-DP10, DP10-DP60 and DP30-DP60 inulins and DM7, DM55 and DM69 pectins were studied on pathogen adhesion to Caco-2 cells. As the growth phase influences virulence, E. coli ET8, E. coli LMG5862, E. coli O119, E. coli WA321, and S. enterica subsp. enterica LMG07233 from both log and stationary phases were tested. Specificity for enteric pathogens was tested by including the lung pathogen K. pneumoniae LMG20218. Expression of the cell membrane glycosylation genes of galectin and glycocalyx and inflammatory genes was studied in the presence and absence of 2'-FL or NDCs. Inhibition of pathogen adhesion was observed for 2'-FL, inulins, and pectins. Pre-incubation with 2'-FL downregulated ICAM1, and pectins modified the glycosylation genes. In contrast, K. pneumoniae LMG20218 downregulated the inflammatory genes, but these were restored by pre-incubation with pectins, which reduced the adhesion of K. pneumoniae LMG20218. In addition, DM69 pectin significantly upregulated the inflammatory genes. 2'-FL and pectins but not inulins inhibited pathogen adhesion to the gut epithelial Caco-2 cells through changing the cell membrane glycosylation and inflammatory genes, but the effects were molecule-, pathogen-, and growth phase-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Kong
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Elevated Serum Interleukin-23 Levels in Patients with Oral and Cutaneous Lichen Planus. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5578568. [PMID: 34335090 PMCID: PMC8289569 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5578568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus is considered a chronic inflammatory disease which affects different sites, such as the skin, mucous membranes, hair, and nails. Based on the evidence, a complex cytokine network plays a crucial role in lichen planus pathogenesis. The study was aimed at assessing the serum IL-23 levels in the patients with cutaneous and oral lichen planus compared to healthy controls. Method. The study included 30 cutaneous lichen planus patients, 20 oral lichen planus patients, and 33 control subjects. Five milliliters of peripheral blood was obtained from each patient, and the serum was separated. IL-23 levels were determined using the ELISA kit, and the data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. Results. IL-23 levels in the patient serum with oral lichen planus (P value ≤ 0.001) were significantly higher than in controls. Furthermore, there were significant differences in IL-23 serum levels in the patients with cutaneous lichen planus compared to the healthy controls (P value ≤ 0.001). Moreover, IL-23 serum levels were statistically different between patients with cutaneous lichen planus and patients with oral lichen planus (P value ≤ 0.001). Based on the mean concentration of interleukin-23, IL-23 levels were higher in the patients with oral lichen planus than in the patients with cutaneous lichen planus. Conclusions. Elevated serum IL-23 levels in the patients with oral lichen planus may indicate that IL-23 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. However, more research is needed with a larger sample size.
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Meng Z, Zhang H, Li L, Wang K. Clinical significance of miR-142-3p in oral lichen planus and its regulatory role in keratinocyte proliferation. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:441-447. [PMID: 34366268 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accumulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as aberrantly expressed in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP). This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of miR-142-3p in OLP. STUDY DESIGN Fifty-six patients with OLP and 44 control participants without OLP were recruited, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used for the measurement of miR-142-3p. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was counted to assess the diagnostic value. Cell Counting Kit‑8 was used to assess cell proliferation. The luciferase reporter assay was performed to confirm the target gene. RESULTS Compared with the control group, an elevated expression of miR-142-3p was detected in the serum, saliva, and tissues samples from patients with OLP. ROC curve analysis suggested that miR-142-3p could distinguish patients with OLP from those in the control group, and the expression of miR-142-3p was closely associated with the disease severity. Downregulation of miR-142-3p inhibited keratinocyte proliferation. Glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα) was a target gene of miR-142-3p. CONCLUSIONS MiR-142-3p might be a candidate diagnostic biomarker for OLP. Downregulation of miR-142-3p inhibits keratinocyte proliferation, and GRα might be involved in its regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Meng
- Department of Dermatology, Guangrao People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Linyi City Lanshan District People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Leilei Li
- Department of Stomatology, Dongying People's Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Kuimei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Mengyin People's Hospital, Shandong, China.
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Solimani F, Forchhammer S, Schloegl A, Ghoreschi K, Meier K. Lichen planus – ein Klinikleitfaden. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:864-883. [PMID: 34139075 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14565_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Solimani
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | | | | | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
| | - Katharina Meier
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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27
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Solimani F, Forchhammer S, Schloegl A, Ghoreschi K, Meier K. Lichen planus - a clinical guide. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2021; 19:864-882. [PMID: 34096678 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic lichenoid inflammatory disorder of the skin, mucosa and of the appendages. LP is classically characterized by the presence of a rich infiltration of inflammatory T cells, which migrate in the upper part of the dermis, arranged in a band-like pattern. Different sub types of the disease have been so far described. Albeit LP is clinically well defined, the disease still represents a therapeutic enigma. Especially with regard to mucosal or scalp affecting LP types, which often present a recalcitrant and treatment unresponsive course, efficacious therapeutic options are still lacking. Thus, LP represents a disease with a high psychosocial burden. Yet, development in the deciphering of LP pathogenesis reveals possible new druggable targets, thus paving the way for future therapeutic options. In this clinical guide, we summarize the current clinical knowledge and therapeutic standards and discuss the future perspective for the management of LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Forchhammer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Schloegl
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Meier
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Yang JY, Tan YQ, Zhou G. T cell-derived exosomes containing cytokines induced keratinocytes apoptosis in oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2021; 28:682-690. [PMID: 33544944 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell-mediated inflammatory disease with uncertain etiology. Exosomes are cell-derived vesicles containing biological cargo, being associated with the development of multiple inflammatory diseases. The present study aims to investigate the role of T cell-derived exosomes in the pathogenesis of OLP. METHODS Exosomal marker CD63 was detected in OLP lesions by immunohistochemistry. Twenty-three cytokines in T cell-derived exosomes were assessed using luminex xMAP-based assay. After co-incubating with exosomes, the apoptosis of keratinocytes and the proliferation of Jurkat cells were assessed via flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 assay, respectively. RESULTS CD63 was highly expressed in the lymphocyte infiltrated areas of OLP lesions. OLP T cell-derived exosomes contained upregulated interleukin-7, -10, -12, -17 and downregulated interleukin-1β, -5, and interferon-γ. Both exosomes from OLP patients and controls induced the apoptosis of keratinocytes and altered their morphology. Moreover, healthy control-derived exosomes markedly inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells, whereas OLP-derived exosomes exhibited no inhibitory effect. CONCLUSIONS OLP T cell-derived exosomes have an aberrant cytokine profile and could trigger the apoptosis of keratinocytes in vitro, which may be involved in the pathogenesis of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ya Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Rezzag-Mahcene C, Cardot-Leccia N, Lacour JP, Montaudié H, Passeron T. Successful treatment of recalcitrant genital lichen planus with secukinumab. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:e321-e323. [PMID: 33617056 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Rezzag-Mahcene
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - N Cardot-Leccia
- Department of Pathology, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - J-P Lacour
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - H Montaudié
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM, U1065, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - T Passeron
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Nice, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.,INSERM, U1065, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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Pietschke K, Holstein J, Meier K, Schäfer I, Müller-Hermelink E, Gonzalez-Menendez I, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Ghoreschi FC, Solimani F, Ghoreschi K. The inflammation in cutaneous lichen planus is dominated by IFN-ϒ and IL-21-A basis for therapeutic JAK1 inhibition. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:262-270. [PMID: 33113249 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) and psoriasis (PSO) are both common chronic inflammatory skin diseases for which development of new treatments requires the identification of key targets. While PSO is a typical Th17/IL-17-disorder, there is some evidence that Th1/IFN-ɣ dominate the inflammatory process in CLP. Nonetheless, the immunopathogenesis of CLP is not fully explained and key immunological factors still have to be recognized. In this study, we compared the immune signature of CLP lesions with the well-characterized inflammation present in PSO skin. First, we analysed the histological and immunohistological characteristics of CLP and PSO. Second, we assessed the cytokine expression (IL1A, IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL8, IL10, IL17A, IL19, IL21, IL22, IL23A, IL13, IFNG, TNF, IL12A, IL12B and IL36G) of lesional skin of CLP with PSO by qPCR. Histology revealed a similar epidermal thickness in CLP and PSO. Immunohistochemically, both diseases presented with an inflammatory infiltrate mainly composed by CD3+ CD4+ T cells rather than CD3+ CD8+ . Importantly, mRNA analysis showed a distinct cytokine signature: while levels of IL12B, IL1A, IL6 and IL23 were similar between the two groups, the characteristic PSO-associated cytokines IL8, IL17A, IL22, IL19 and IL36G were expressed at very low levels in CLP. In contrast, CLP lesional skin was dominated by the expression of IFNG, IL21, IL4, IL12A and TNF. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the dominance of IL-21, IFN-ɣ and also pSTAT1 in the dermal infiltrate of CLP, while IL-17A was more present in PSO. Collectively, this study improves our understanding of the immunological factors dominating CLP. The dominating cytokines and signalling proteins identified suggest that anti-cytokine therapeutics like JAK inhibitors may be beneficial in CLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Pietschke
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Julia Holstein
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Meier
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Iris Schäfer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Eva Müller-Hermelink
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irene Gonzalez-Menendez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tubingen University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, Eberhard Karls University of Tubingen and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Tubingen University Hospital, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Franziska C Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kamran Ghoreschi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Yang JY, Zhang J, Lu R, Tan YQ, Du GF, Zhou G. T cell-derived exosomes induced macrophage inflammatory protein-1α/β drive the trafficking of CD8 + T cells in oral lichen planus. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:14086-14098. [PMID: 33107682 PMCID: PMC7754044 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T cell–mediated chronic inflammatory disease with uncertain aetiology. Exosomes are nanosized particles with biological capacities. Here, we aimed to study the effects of T cell–derived exosomes (T‐exos) on the pathogenesis of OLP and its mechanism. T‐exos were incubated with Jurkat cells for 48 hours, and 26 cytokines in the supernatant were measured by luminex assay. The expression of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)‐1α/β was detected using immunohistochemistry and ELISA; that of CCR1/3/5 on peripheral T cells was determined by flow cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to investigate the chemotactic effect of MIP‐1α/β, and cells in the lower chambers were examinated by flow cytometry. As a result, OLP T‐exos elevated the production of MIP‐1α/β, which were highly expressed in OLP tissues and plasma. CCR1/5 were markedly expressed on OLP peripheral T cells, and the majority of CCR1/5+ T cells were CD8+ T cells. Besides, MIP‐1α/β promoted the migration of OLP mononuclear cells, while inhibiting CCR1/5 significantly decreased the trafficking of mononuclear cells, especially that of CD8+ T cells. Conclusively, OLP T‐exos‐induced MIP‐1α/β may drive the trafficking of CD8+ T cells after binding with CCR1/5 in OLP, contributing to the development of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ya Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Lu
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge-Fei Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Mahmoud SB, Anwar MK, Shaker OG, El Sharkawy DA. Possible Relation between Vitamin D and Interleukin-17 in the Pathogenesis of Lichen Planus. Dermatology 2020; 237:896-901. [PMID: 33091918 DOI: 10.1159/000510539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory mucocutaneous disease. Interleukin (IL)-17 is the signature cytokine of T-helper 17 cells, involved in the aetiology of many autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Vitamin D has an immune-regulatory role and suppresses IL-17 production via direct transcriptional inhibition of IL-17 gene expression. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship of IL-17 and vitamin D levels with LP, and the possible inter-relationship between IL-17 and vitamin D. METHODS The study enrolled 30 patients with LP and 30 healthy controls. Blood samples and skin biopsies were taken from all participants for evaluation of serum vitamin D, and serum and tissue IL-17 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Patients had significantly higher serum and tissue IL-17 (p < 0.001 for both), as well as significantly lower serum vitamin D levels and more deficient patterns of vitamin D status than controls (p < 0.001 for both). In the patient group, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between extent of the disease and serum IL-17. There was no direct statistical correlation between IL-17 levels and serum vitamin D in either patients or controls. CONCLUSION This study confirms a previously suggested role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of LP and suggests its relation to the extent and severity of the disease. We also found an association between vitamin D deficiency and LP. However, a direct relationship between IL-17 and vitamin D deficiency could not be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bahaa Mahmoud
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt,
| | | | - Olfat Gamil Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kong C, Cheng L, Krenning G, Fledderus J, de Haan BJ, Walvoort MTC, de Vos P. Human Milk Oligosaccharides Mediate the Crosstalk Between Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells and Lactobacillus PlantarumWCFS1in an In Vitro Model with Intestinal Peristaltic Shear Force. J Nutr 2020; 150:2077-2088. [PMID: 32542361 PMCID: PMC7398781 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intestinal epithelial cells, food molecules, and gut microbiota are continuously exposed to intestinal peristaltic shear force. Shear force may impact the crosstalk of human milk oligosaccharides (hMOs) with commensal bacteria and intestinal epithelial cells. OBJECTIVES We investigated how hMOs combined with intestinal peristaltic shear force impact intestinal epithelial cells and crosstalk with a commensal bacterium. METHODS We applied the Ibidi system to mimic intestinal peristaltic shear force. Caco-2 cells were exposed to a shear force (5 dynes/cm2) for 3 d, and then stimulated with the hMOs, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), 3-FL, and lacto-N-triose II (LNT2). In separate experiments, Lactobacillus plantarumWCFS1 adhesion to Caco-2 cells was studied with the same hMOs and shear force. Effects were tested on gene expression of glycocalyx-related molecules (glypican 1 [GPC1], hyaluronan synthase 1 [HAS1], HAS2, HAS3, exostosin glycosyltransferase 1 [EXT1], EXT2), defensin β-1 (DEFB1), and tight junction (tight junction protein 1 [TJP1], claudin 3 [CLDN3]) in Caco-2 cells. Protein expression of tight junctions was also quantified. RESULTS Shear force dramatically decreased gene expression of the main enzymes for making glycosaminoglycan side chains (HAS3 by 43.3% and EXT1 by 68.7%) (P <0.01), but did not affect GPC1 which is the gene responsible for the synthesis of glypican 1 which is a major protein backbone of glycocalyx. Expression of DEFB1, TJP1, and CLDN3 genes was decreased 60.0-94.9% by shear force (P <0.001). The presence of L. plantarumWCFS1 increased GPC1, HAS2, HAS3, and ZO-1 expression by 1.78- to 3.34-fold (P <0.05). Under shear force, all hMOs significantly stimulated DEFB1 and ZO-1, whereas only 3-FL and LNT2 enhanced L. plantarumWCFS1 adhesion by 1.85- to 1.90-fold (P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS 3-FL and LNT2 support the crosstalk between the commensal bacterium L. plantarumWCFS1 and Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells, and shear force can increase the modulating effects of hMOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Kong
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lianghui Cheng
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien Fledderus
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J de Haan
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marthe T C Walvoort
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Increased Serum Level and High Tissue Immunoexpression of Interleukin 17 in Cutaneous Lichen Planus: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Recalcitrant Cases? DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:6521274. [PMID: 32774513 PMCID: PMC7396028 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6521274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Interleukin-17 is supposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus (OLP). However, there is scarce data in the literature on its significance in the cutaneous variant of the disease. Objectives To determine the serum level and tissue immunoexpression of IL-17 in cutaneous lichen planus (CLP). Methods Fifty-two adult patients with CLP, without any significant autoimmune or inflammatory conditions, were included in the first part of the study. The control group consisted of 27 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Serum concentration of IL-17 was quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. In the second part of the study, the tissue expression of IL-17 was assessed in archival paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens from CLP (n = 14) against normal control tissues (n = 11) using immunohistochemical assays. The expression was evaluated using Zeiss Axio Imager A2 light microscope. Positively stained cells were counted in 10 fields of view for biopsy specimen at 200x magnification, and the mean value was calculated. Results The serum level of IL-17 was significantly elevated in patients with CLP, compared with healthy volunteers (0.218 ± 0.221 ng/ml versus 0.126 ± 0.058 ng/ml, respectively; p = 0.025). No correlation was found between the serum concentration of IL-17 and patient age, gender, disease duration, extent of skin involvement, the presence or intensity of pruritus, and coexistence of mucosal lesions. In tissue samples from CLP lesions, significantly higher numbers of cells expressing IL-17 were found when compared to a healthy skin (p < 0.001). Conclusion Elevated serum concentration of IL-17 and high expression in a lesional skin support the hypothesis that IL-17 is implicated in the immunopathogenesis of CLP. These findings may constitute a premise for the future use of anti-IL-17 monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of severe and recalcitrant forms of CLP.
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Trindade de Carvalho L, Meah N, Wall D, Sinclair R. Recalcitrant lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia responding to tildrakizumab. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13694. [PMID: 32458516 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Lichen planopilaris (LPP) and frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) are lymphocytic, cicatricial alopecias. Clinically, LPP presents with multifocal patchy alopecia, while FFA, considered a variant of LPP, results in hairline recession. Frontal recession in FFA may progress as far as the mid-scalp and infrequently beyond. Treatment to arrest the inflammatory process can be challenging and response variable. We report a case of recalcitrant lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia demonstrating significant clinical improvement after four doses of the interleukin-23 monoclonal antibody tildrakizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nekma Meah
- Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dmitri Wall
- Sinclair Dermatology, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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36
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Renin Promotes STAT4 Phosphorylation to Induce IL-17 Production in Keratinocytes of Oral Lichen Planus. iScience 2020; 23:100983. [PMID: 32213463 PMCID: PMC7093809 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is highly expressed in the epithelial layer of oral lichen planus (OLP), but the underlying mechanism for IL-17 overexpression remains unknown. Here, we identify renin that is induced by NF-κB pathway contributes to the increase of IL-17 in human oral keratinocytes (HOKs). We describe that the release of cellular renin leads to the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) protein. The phosphorylated JAK2 recruits and activates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) by phosphorylating STAT4's tyrosine residue 693 (Tyr693). The now-activated STAT4 translocates into nucleus and binds to the promoter region of IL-17 gene in HOKs. Genetic interference of renin restores IL-17 levels in OLP cell models. Collectively, our results reveal that renin upregulates IL-17 expression by enhancing STAT4 phosphorylation. This discovery unveils an underpinning by which IL-17 is increased in oral keratinocytes and provides potential targeted therapies for OLP patients.
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Wang F, Zhang J, Zhou G. The mTOR-glycolytic pathway promotes T-cell immunobiology in oral lichen planus. Immunobiology 2020; 225:151933. [PMID: 32201095 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.151933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory mucosal disease. T cells require rapid metabolic reprogramming for their effector functions after activation by immunologic stimuli. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central player in the metabolic reprogramming and immune responses of T cells. The present study investigated the role of mTOR in the immunometabolism of OLP. mTOR and its direct target eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) were highly phosphorylated in peripheral T cells of OLP patients. Rapamycin-mediated blockage of mTOR activation restrained both T-cell proliferation and DNA synthesis, promoted apoptosis, and decreased Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg ratios. Dual blockage of mTOR and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) exerted stronger inhibition on T-cell immunobiology than selective repression of PI3K alone. Rapamycin also blocked the glycolytic pathway in T cells. Moreover, glucose-induced activation of mTOR-glycolytic pathway increased T-cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and the Th17/Treg ratio, and decreased T-cell apoptosis. In contrast, inhibition of glycolysis by 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) yielded the opposite effects on T-cell immunobiology by blocking the mTOR pathway. In conclusion, enhanced activation of the mTOR-glycolytic pathway promoted T-cell immunobiology, suggesting that dysregulation of immunometabolism might be associated with T-cell dysfunction in OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
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38
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Ismail FF, Sinclair R. Clinical healing of erosive oral lichen planus with tildrakizumab implicates the interleukin‐23/interleukin‐17 pathway in the pathogenesis of lichen planus. Australas J Dermatol 2019; 61:e244-e245. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney Sinclair
- Sinclair Dermatology East Melbourne Victoria Australia
- University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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Solimani F, Pollmann R, Schmidt T, Schmidt A, Zheng X, Savai R, Mühlenbein S, Pickert J, Eubel V, Möbs C, Eming R, Hertl M. Therapeutic Targeting of Th17/Tc17 Cells Leads to Clinical Improvement of Lichen Planus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1808. [PMID: 31417572 PMCID: PMC6685396 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is a common, chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder of the skin and mucous membranes which often poses a major therapeutic challenge due to its refractory course. Novel pathogenesis-based therapies are urgently needed. As several studies have shown that IL-17 may contribute to LP pathogenesis, we investigated whether therapeutic targeting of IL-17+ T cells leads to clinical improvement of mucosal and cutaneous LP lesions. A total of five patients with lichen planus were treated in a compassionate use trial with either secukinumab (anti-IL-17; 3 patients with acute and chronic recalcitrant muco-cutaneous LP), ustekinumab (anti-IL-12/IL-23; 1 patient with recalcitrant oral LP) or guselkumab (anti-IL-23; 1 patient with recalcitrant oral LP). The clinical course of the patients was assessed by the Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) reflecting both extent and severity of disease and functional sequelae of oral involvement for at least 12 weeks. The inflammatory infiltrate in lesional and post-lesional skin was analyzed by immunohistochemistry before and after treatment. Furthermore, the cytokine profile of peripheral blood T cells from the treated patients was assessed by flow cytometry and/or ELISpot assay. Treatment with secukinumab induced rapid and prolonged clinical amelioration of muco-cutaneous LP. Clinical improvement was accompanied by a strong reduction of the Th1 and Th17/Tc17 cellular mucosal and cutaneous infiltrate. Moreover, long-term treatment of one patient with recalcitrant oral LP with ustekinumab led to healing of the ulcerative oral lesions and a reduction of peripheral blood and lesional IL-17+ T cells. Finally, treatment with guselkumab led to a marked clinical improvement in a patient with recalcitrant erosive oral LP. These findings show for the first time that therapeutic targeting of Th17/Tc17 cells leads to a pronounced clinical amelioration of mucosal and cutaneous LP and strongly suggests that IL-17-producing T cells are central to disease pathogenesis. Thus, therapeutic targeting of Th17/Tc17 cells opens new therapeutic avenues in the treatment of recalcitrant LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Pollmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ansgar Schmidt
- Department of Pathology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Member of the DZL, Member of CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Mühlenbein
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julia Pickert
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Verena Eubel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Möbs
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Eming
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hertl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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DeAngelis LM, Cirillo N, McCullough MJ. The immunopathogenesis of oral lichen planus-Is there a role for mucosal associated invariant T cells? J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:552-559. [PMID: 31172572 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, T-cell-mediated, immune condition of unknown cause. OLP may present with painful symptoms requiring treatment, as well as lesions outside the oral cavity. It is likely that what initiates the OLP disease process is a complex interaction of host susceptibility and environmental triggers. While it is possible that OLP represents a true autoimmune condition against an epithelial autoantigen, the mechanisms that lead to this immune dysregulation are still poorly understood. In this review article, we discuss current concepts relating to the immunopathogenesis of OLP, as well as the potential contributory roles the oral microbiota and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M DeAngelis
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael J McCullough
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
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41
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Artemisinin and its derivatives: a potential therapeutic approach for oral lichen planus. Inflamm Res 2019; 68:297-310. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-019-01216-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Wang H, Jiang Y, Wang H, Luo Z, Wang Y, Guan X. IL-25 promotes Th2-type reactions and correlates with disease severity in the pathogenesis of oral lichen planus. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:115-121. [PMID: 30472360 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between IL-25 expression and disease severity, and the potential immunoregulatory role of IL-25 expression in oral lichen planus (OLP). MATERIALS AND METHODS The oral mucosal tissue samples obtained from OLP patients and healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed for IL-25 expression by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. Recombinant IL-25 was used to stimulate OLP patient-derived CD4 + T cells, and then IL-4 secretion and mRNA expression were evaluated by ELISA and qPCR, respectively. The efficiency of the siRNA-mediated knockdown of IL-25R expression in oral keratinocytes was determined by qPCR and Western blotting. Human oral keratinocyte cells were cultured with the recombinant human cytokines IL-25, IL-17 A and IL-17 F. The production of associated cytokines by keratinocytes was determined by qPCR. Statistical analyses of quantitative data were performed using SPSS software. RESULTS The IL-25 and IL-4 mRNA levels were elevated and correlated significantly with each other in specific OLP subtype lesions compared to HCs, while the numbers of IL-25 positive cells were also increased in local OLP lesions as compared to HCs. In vitro culture with recombinant IL-25 could significantly promote CD4 + T cells from both subtypes of OLP to produce IL-4 mRNA and remarkably elevate supernatant IL-4 levels in reticular OLP CD4 + T cell cultures, which may be attributed to the elevated expression of IL-25R in local OLP lesions. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the simultaneously increased levels of IL-4, CXCL8 and CCL20 in keratinocytes were induced by IL-25 but not IL-17 A or IL-17 F. Decreasing IL-25R subunit expression by siRNA-mediated knockdown significantly blocked the expression of all cytokine-produced inflammatory mediators in oral keratinocytes. CONCLUSIONS In OLP lesions, IL-25 can function to mediate the Th2 response in specific disease subtypes, which may be an important cause of OLP disease chronicity and persistent inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongning Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Guan
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Yadav K, Singh D, Singh MR. Protein biomarker for psoriasis: A systematic review on their role in the pathomechanism, diagnosis, potential targets and treatment of psoriasis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:1796-1810. [PMID: 30017989 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is defined as a long-lasting multifactorial inflammatory autoimmune skin condition precisely characterized by delimited, erythematic papules with adherent shiny scales. The conditions are led by hyperproliferative responses of epidermis due to hyperactivation and immature keratinocytes production. The psoriatic skin consists of the thickened epidermal layer, in concurrence with inflammatory exudates in the dermis mainly of dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, and macrophages, contributing to the distinct manifestation of psoriatic lesions. It consents to multifaceted and discrete pathology due to the genetic and immunological alteration resulting from abnormal expression of various regulatory and structural proteins. These proteins are associated with various cellular and sub-cellular activities. Therefore, the presence of protein in a pathological cellular environment in the psoriatic lesions as well as in serum could be a great avenue for the insight of pathomechanism, anticipation and diagnosis of psoriasis. Research of protein biomarker in psoriasis is yet a developing realm to be explored by both fundamental and clinical researchers. This review is an attempt to assimilate the current discoveries and revelations of different proteins as a biomarker and their importance in pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and anticipation of both the inflammatory and other dermatological aspects of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Yadav
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India; National Centre for Natural Resources, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 492010, India.
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Zhao B, Xu N, Li R, Yu F, Zhang F, Yang F, Ge X, Li YC, Du J. Vitamin D/VDR signaling suppresses microRNA-802-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus. FASEB J 2018; 33:1042-1050. [PMID: 30074824 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801020rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is known to play a protective role in inflammatory diseases. Although the suppressive effect of vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling has been shown in the context of oral lichen planus (OLP), the molecular basis of its regulatory function remains poorly understood. Herein, we reported that miR-802 overexpression in OLP could aggravate apoptosis of oral keratinocytes by targeting B-cell lymphoma 2 mRNA. In addition, vitamin D/VDR signaling was able to suppress miR-802 expression in LPS-treated or activated CD4+ T cell-stimulated human oral keratinocytes by blocking NF-κB pathways, thereby inhibiting OLP apoptosis. Consistent with the results in vitro, we showed that miR-802 expression was enhanced in oral keratinocytes from VDR-/- mice, and an inverse correlation between VDR and miR-802 was found in human biopsy specimens of OLP. Collectively, our data suggest that vitamin D/VDR signaling suppresses oral keratinocyte apoptosis by targeting miR-802.-Zhao, B., Xu, N., Li, R., Yu, F., Zhang, F., Yang, F., Ge, X., Li, Y. C., Du, J. Vitamin D/VDR signaling suppresses microRNA-802-induced apoptosis of keratinocytes in oral lichen planus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Na Xu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Feiyan Yu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Xuejun Ge
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and
| | - Yan Chun Li
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Taiyuan, China; and.,Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Du G, Chen J, Wang Y, Cao T, Zhou L, Wang Y, Han X, Tang G. Differential expression of STAT-3 in subtypes of oral lichen planus: a preliminary study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2017; 125:236-243.e1. [PMID: 29269258 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the expression of signaling transduction proteins and their possible correlation with different clinical subtypes of oral lichen planus (OLP). STUDY DESIGN We examined the immunoexpression and phosphorylation status of 21 signaling transduction proteins of OLP (n = 10) and normal groups (n = 8) using PathScan analysis. Using immunohistochemistry, we detected expression of STAT-3 and p38 MAPK in tissues of OLP (n = 40) and normal controls (n = 10). RESULTS PathScan analysis showed that STAT-3 (Ser727) expression in normal control (N), reticular OLP (R-OLP) and erosive OLP (E-OLP) group was gradually elevated (R-OLP vs N, P = .001; E-OLP vs N, P < .001; E-OLP vs R-OLP, P = .002). Immunohistochemistry showed that STAT-3 expression in the epithelium of normal control, reticular OLP and erosive OLP was consistent with PathScan analysis (R-OLP vs N, P < .001; E-OLP vs N, P < .001; E-OLP vs R-OLP, P = .036). Both PathScan (P = .012) and immunohistochemistry (P < .001) showed that, p38 MAPK expression was significantly higher in OLP compared with normal controls. However, a significant difference was not seen between the reticular OLP and erosive OLP groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that STAT-3 may be involved in OLP development and progression and account for different clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhuan Du
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanni Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyi Cao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Zhou
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaozhe Han
- The Forsyth Institute, Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guoyao Tang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
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Gueiros LA, Arão T, Souza T, Vieira CL, Gomez RS, Almeida OP, Lodi G, Leão JC. IL17A polymorphism and elevated IL17A serum levels are associated with oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2017; 24:377-383. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LA Gueiros
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - T Arão
- Departamento de Cirurgia Oral e Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - T Souza
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - CL Vieira
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - RS Gomez
- Departamento de Cirurgia Oral e Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - OP Almeida
- Área de Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
| | - G Lodi
- Oral Medicine Unit; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - JC Leão
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
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Wang H, Bai J, Luo Z, Fu J, Wang H, Sun Z. Overexpression and varied clinical significance of Th9 versus Th17 cells in distinct subtypes of oral lichen planus. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 80:110-116. [PMID: 28412610 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oral lichen planus (OLP) presents with large numbers of T lymphocytes accumulating beneath the epithelium of the oral mucosa; however, its aetiology remains obscure. A potential role for an emerging novel T cell subset, Th9, in OLP has recently been suggested but remains to be clarified. The current aim was to investigate the expression and potential clinical significance of Th9 cells in distinct subtypes of OLP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples were collected from 41 OLP patients and 18 healthy controls (HCs). Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect the CD4+ T helper subset Th9 (IL-9+IL-17-CD4+ Th cells) and Th17 (IL-9-IL-17+CD4+ Th cells) expression levels. RESULTS Flow cytometry results showed significantly elevated levels of Th9 cells in reticular and erosive OLP compared to HCs. Th9 expression in erosive OLP was less than in reticular OLP, indicating that Th9 but not Th17 cells may play a predominant role in reticular disease. However, in erosive OLP patients, we found much higher levels of Th17 cells compared to reticular OLP patients and HCs, indicating that Th17 dominates in erosive OLP. Statistical analysis showed positive correlations of Th9 cells and Th17 cells in patients with reticular or erosive OLP but none in HCs. CONCLUSIONS Th9 and Th17 cells may take the predominant roles in reticular and erosive OLP respectively, and their numbers were positively correlated in reticular and erosive OLP patients. Elevated circulating Th9 cells may help maintain immune balance in OLP immunopathogenesis, which requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jingping Bai
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Luo
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjian Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Luengtrakoon K, Wannakasemsuk W, Vichitrananda V, Klanrit P, Hormdee D, Noisombut R, Chaiyarit P. Increased melatonin in oral mucosal tissue of oral lichen planus (OLP) patients: A possible link between melatonin and its role in oral mucosal inflammation. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 78:13-19. [PMID: 28189880 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The existence of extra-pineal melatonin has been observed in various tissues. No prior studies of melatonin in human oral mucosal tissue under the condition of chronic inflammation have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of melatonin in oral mucosal tissue of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) which was considered as a chronic inflammatory immune-mediated disease causing oral mucosal damage and ulcerations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sections from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded oral mucosal tissue of OLP patients (n=30), and control subjects (n=30) were used in this study. Immunohistochemical staining was performed and the semiquantitative scoring system was used to assess the levels of arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT: a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis pathway of melatonin), melatonin, and melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) in oral mucosa of OLP patients and normal oral mucosa of control subjects. RESULTS AANAT, melatonin, and MT1were detected in oral mucosal tissue of OLP patients and control subjects. Immunostaining scores of AANAT, melatonin, and MT1 in oral mucosal tissue of OLP patients were significantly higher than those in control subjects (p=0.002, p<0.001, and p=0.031, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Increased levels of AANAT, melatonin, and MT1 in the inflamed oral mucosal tissue of OLP patients imply that chronic inflammation may induce the local biosynthesis of melatonin via AANAT, and may enhance the action of melatonin via MT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirawut Luengtrakoon
- Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Poramaporn Klanrit
- Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Doosadee Hormdee
- Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Rajda Noisombut
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Ponlatham Chaiyarit
- Research Group of Chronic Inflammatory Oral Diseases and Systemic Diseases Associated with Oral Health, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
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Lee HS, Park DE, Lee JW, Chang Y, Kim HY, Song WJ, Kang HR, Park HW, Chang YS, Cho SH. IL-23 secreted by bronchial epithelial cells contributes to allergic sensitization in asthma model: role of IL-23 secreted by bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L13-L21. [PMID: 27864285 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00114.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-23 has been postulated to be a critical mediator contributing to various inflammatory diseases. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) is one of the most common inhalant allergens. However, the role of IL-23 in Der p-induced mouse asthma model is not well understood, particularly with regard to the development of allergic sensitization in the airways. The objective of this study was to evaluate roles of IL-23 in Der p sensitization and asthma development. BALB/c mice were repeatedly administered Der p intranasally to develop Der p allergic sensitization and asthma. After Der p local administration, changes in IL-23 expression were examined in lung tissues and primary epithelial cells. Anti-IL-23p19 antibody was given during the Der p sensitization period, and its effects were examined. Effects of anti-IL-23p19 antibody at bronchial epithelial levels were also examined in vitro. The expression of IL-23 at bronchial epithelial layers was increased after Der p local administration in mouse. In Der p-induced mouse models, anti-IL-23p19 antibody treatment during allergen sensitization significantly diminished Der p allergic sensitization and several features of allergic asthma including the production of Th2 cytokines and the population of type 2 innate lymphoid cells in lungs. The activation of dendritic cells in lung-draining lymph nodes was also reduced by anti-IL-23 treatment. In murine lung alveolar type II-like epithelial cell line (MLE-12) cells, IL-23 blockade prevented cytokine responses to Der p stimulation, such as IL-1α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-33, and also bone marrow-derived dendritic cell activation. In conclusion, IL-23 is another important bronchial epithelial cell-driven cytokine which may contribute to the development of house dust mite allergic sensitization and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Seung Lee
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da-Eun Park
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yuna Chang
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Song
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Heung-Woo Park
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea; .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; and
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50
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Shen Z, Zhang C, Zhou Z, Liu W, Shi L, Shen X. Altered expression of interleukin-17A and its targeting microRNAs in oral lichen planus: a pilot study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2016; 122:619-624.e1. [PMID: 27765331 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential role of interleukin (IL)-17A and its targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in oral lichen planus (OLP). STUDY DESIGN We compared the IL-17A expression levels in biopsies from patients with OLP (n = 50) against normal controls (n = 19) by using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analyses, identified the targeting miRNAs of IL-17A, and examined the miRNA expression levels in OLP. RESULTS IL-17A expression was significantly increased in patients with OLP compared with controls. The dual-luciferase reporter assay system demonstrated that miR-635 and miR-578 were the target miRNAs of IL-17A in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, which was consistent with predictions from bioinformatics software analyses. In contrast with IL-17A, the expression levels of miR-635 and miR-578 in OLP were significantly decreased compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study found that low levels of miR-635 and miR-578 expression were associated with high expression of IL-17A, suggesting that IL-17A and its targeting miRNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengtong Zhou
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Linjun Shi
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuemin Shen
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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