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Getz GS, Reardon CA. Insights from Murine Studies on the Site Specificity of Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6375. [PMID: 38928086 PMCID: PMC11204064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory reaction that develops at specific regions within the artery wall and at specific sites of the arterial tree over a varying time frame in response to a variety of risk factors. The mechanisms that account for the interaction of systemic factors and atherosclerosis-susceptible regions of the arterial tree to mediate this site-specific development of atherosclerosis are not clear. The dynamics of blood flow has a major influence on where in the arterial tree atherosclerosis develops, priming the site for interactions with atherosclerotic risk factors and inducing cellular and molecular participants in atherogenesis. But how this accounts for lesion development at various locations along the vascular tree across differing time frames still requires additional study. Currently, murine models are favored for the experimental study of atherogenesis and provide the most insight into the mechanisms that may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Based largely on these studies, in this review, we discuss the role of hemodynamic shear stress, SR-B1, and other factors that may contribute to the site-specific development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godfrey S. Getz
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
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Sun F, Chen X, Zhang S, Jiang H, Chen T, Xing T, Li X, Sultan R, Wang Z, Jia J. Cross-species signaling pathways analysis inspire animal model selections for drug screening and target prediction in vascular aging diseases. Evol Appl 2024; 17:e13708. [PMID: 38863828 PMCID: PMC11164676 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Age is a significant contributing factor to the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pharmacological treatment can effectively alleviate CVD symptoms caused by aging. However, 90% of the drugs have failed in clinics because of the loss of drug effects or the occurrence of the side effects. One of the reasons is the disparity between animal models used and the actual physiological levels in humans. Therefore, we integrated multiple datasets from single-cell and bulk-seq RNA-sequencing data in rats, monkeys, and humans to identify genes and pathways with consistent/differential expression patterns across these three species. An approach called "Cross-species signaling pathway analysis" was developed to select suitable animal models for drug screening. The effectiveness of this method was validated through the analysis of the pharmacological predictions of four known anti-vascular aging drugs used in animal/clinical experiments. The effectiveness of drugs was consistently observed between the models and clinics when they targeted pathways with the same trend in our analysis. However, drugs might have exhibited adverse effects if they targeted pathways with opposite trends between the models and the clinics. Additionally, through our approach, we discovered four targets for anti-vascular aging drugs, which were consistent with their pharmaceutical effects in literatures, showing the value of this approach. In the end, software was established to facilitate the use of "Cross-species signaling pathway analysis." In sum, our study suggests utilizing bioinformatics analysis based on disease characteristics can help in choosing more appropriate animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Sun
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xingxing Chen
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuqing Zhang
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haihong Jiang
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tianhong Chen
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tongying Xing
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xueyi Li
- Sino‐Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Micro‐ElectronicsShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Rabia Sultan
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhimin Wang
- Shanghai‐MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease GenomicsShanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical TechnologiesShanghaiChina
| | - Jia Jia
- School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
- Sino‐Swiss Institute of Advanced Technology, School of Micro‐ElectronicsShanghai UniversityShanghaiChina
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Kokai D, Markovic Filipovic J, Opacic M, Ivelja I, Banjac V, Stanic B, Andric N. In vitro and in vivo exposure of endothelial cells to dibutyl phthalate promotes monocyte adhesion. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 188:114663. [PMID: 38631435 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The effect of endothelial cells' exposure to dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on monocyte adhesion is largely unknown. We evaluated monocyte adhesion to DBP-exposed endothelial cells by combining three approaches: short-term exposure (24 h) of EA.hy926 cells to 10-6, 10-5, and 10-4 M DBP, long-term exposure (12 weeks) of EA.hy926 cells to 10-9, 10-8, and 10-7 M DBP, and exposure of rats (28 and 90 days) to 100, 500, and 5000 mg DBP/kg food. Monocyte adhesion to human EA.hy926 and rat aortic endothelial cells, expression of selected cellular adhesion molecules and chemokines, and the involvement of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) were analyzed. We observed increased monocyte adhesion to DBP-exposed EA.hy926 cells in vitro and to rat aortic endothelium ex vivo. ERK1/2 inhibitor prevented monocyte adhesion to DBP-exposed EA.hy926 cells in short-term exposure experiments. Increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in rat aortic endothelium and transient decrease in ERK1/2 activation following long-term exposure of EA.hy926 cells to DBP were also observed. In summary, exposure of endothelial cells to DBP promotes monocyte adhesion, thus suggesting a possible role for this phthalate in the development of atherosclerosis. ERK1/2 signaling could be the mediator of monocyte adhesion to DBP-exposed endothelial cells, but only after short-term high-level exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Kokai
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | | | - Marija Opacic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Ivana Ivelja
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
| | - Vojislav Banjac
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Serbia
| | - Bojana Stanic
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia.
| | - Nebojsa Andric
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, Serbia
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Duan H, Tao N, Lv L, Yan KX, You YG, Mao Z, Wang CY, Li X, Jin JY, Wu CT, Wang H. Hepatocyte growth factor enhances the ability of dental pulp stem cells to ameliorate atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:575-590. [PMID: 38817328 PMCID: PMC11135256 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i5.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic inflammatory disease of blood vessels, is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are capable of exerting immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects by secreting cytokines and exosomes and are widely used to treat autoimmune and inflammation-related diseases. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that plays a key role in many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. AIM To modify DPSCs with HGF (DPSC-HGF) and evaluate the therapeutic effect of DPSC-HGF on AS using an apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) mouse model and an in vitro cellular model. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 wk and injected with DPSC-HGF or Ad-Null modified DPSCs (DPSC-Null) through tail vein at weeks 4, 7, and 11, respectively, and the therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms were analyzed by histopathology, flow cytometry, lipid and glucose measurements, real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the different time points of the experiment. An in vitro inflammatory cell model was established by using RAW264.7 cells and human aortic endothelial cells (HAOECs), and indirect co-cultured with supernatant of DPSC-Null (DPSC-Null-CM) or DPSC-HGF-CM, and the effect and mechanisms were analyzed by flow cytometry, RT-PCR and western blot. Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activators and inhibitors were also used to validate the related signaling pathways. RESULTS DPSC-Null and DPSC-HGF treatments decreased the area of atherosclerotic plaques and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors, and the percentage of macrophages in the aorta, and DPSC-HGF treatment had more pronounced effects. DPSCs treatment had no effect on serum lipoprotein levels. The FACS results showed that DPSCs treatment reduced the percentages of monocytes, neutrophils, and M1 macrophages in the peripheral blood and spleen. DPSC-Null-CM and DPSC-HGF-CM reduced adhesion molecule expression in tumor necrosis factor-α stimulated HAOECs and regulated M1 polarization and inflammatory factor expression in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION This study suggested that DPSC-HGF could more effectively ameliorate AS in ApoE-/- mice on a HFD, and could be of greater value in stem cell-based treatments for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Duan
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ning Tao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Kai-Xin Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yong-Gang You
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Fourth Medical Centre, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Zhuang Mao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xue Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Jia-Yan Jin
- Third Cadet Regiment, School of Basic Medical Science, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chu-Tse Wu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, Hebei Province, China
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China.
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Xing-Xing C, Ri-Jin H, Xin-Ge W, Cai-Ying Y, Qing Y, Ying C, Qi L, Xiao-Xin Z, Lihong Y, Long C, Yu D. Mechanistic exploration of the shenlian formula in the suppression of atherosclerosis progression via network pharmacology and in vivo experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118347. [PMID: 38801914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Shenlian formula (SL) is a Chinese medicine formula used to curb the development of atherosclerosis (AS) and cardiovascular disease in clinical practice. However, owing to the complexity of compounds and their related multiple targets in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it remains difficult and urgent to elucidate the underlying mechanisms at a holistic level. AIM To investigate the intrinsic mechanisms by which SL suppresses AS progression and to gain new insight into its clinical use. METHODS We proposed a network pharmacology-based workflow to evaluate the mechanism by which SL affects AS via data analysis, target prediction, PPI network construction, GO and KEGG analyses, and a "drug-core ingredient-potential target-key pathway" network. Then, non-targeted lipidomic analysis was performed to explore the differential lipid metabolites in AS rats, revealing the possible mechanism by which SL affects atherosclerotic progression. Moreover, an AS rabbit model was constructed and gavaged for SL intervention. Serum lipid profiles and inflammatory cytokine indices were tested as an indication of the mitigating effect of SL on AS. RESULTS A total of 89 bioactive compounds and 298 targets related to SL and AS, which play essential roles in this process, were identified, and a component-target-disease network was constructed. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that SL regulated metabolic pathway, lipids and atherosclerosis, the PI3K-Akt pathway, the MAPK pathway and so on. In vivo experimental validation revealed that a total of 43 different lipid metabolites regulated by SL were identified by non-targeted lipidomics, and glycerophospholipid metabolism was found to be an important mechanism for SL to interfere with AS. SL reduced the plaque area and decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-4) and blood lipids (TC, TG, LDL-C, and ApoB) in HFD-induced AS models. In addition, HDL and ApoA1 levels are increased. PLA2 and Lipin1 are highly expressed in AS model, indicating their role in destabilizing glycerophosphatidylcholine metabolism and contributing to the onset and progression of ankylosing spondylitis. Moreover, SL intervention significantly reduced the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines; significantly down-regulated NF-kB/p65 expression, exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. CONCLUSION The Shenlian formula (SL) plays a pivotal role in the suppression of AS progression by targeting multiple pathways and mechanisms. This study provides novel insights into the essential genes and pathways associated with the prognosis and pathogenesis of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xing-Xing
- Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu New Area, Honghuagang District, Zunyi, 563003, PR China.
| | - Hao Ri-Jin
- Shanxi Pharmaceuticals Vocational College, No. 16, Minhangnanlu, Taiyuan, 030031, PR China.
| | - Wang Xin-Ge
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100053, No. 5, Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, PR China; Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1166, West Liutai Avenue, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
| | - Yan Cai-Ying
- Zunyi Medical University, No. 6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu New Area, Honghuagang District, Zunyi, 563003, PR China.
| | - Yang Qing
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Chen Ying
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Li Qi
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Zhu Xiao-Xin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Yang Lihong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. 16, Nanxiaojie, Dongzhimennei, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Cheng Long
- College of Nursing, Chifeng University, 024000, No. 1, Yingbing Road, Hongshan District, Chifeng, PR China.
| | - Dong Yu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, 100053, No. 5, Beixiange, Xicheng District, Beijing, PR China.
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Qi J, Zhou S, Wang G, Hua R, Wang X, He J, Wang Z, Zhu Y, Luo J, Shi W, Luo Y, Chen X. The Antioxidant Dendrobium officinale Polysaccharide Modulates Host Metabolism and Gut Microbiota to Alleviate High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:599. [PMID: 38790704 PMCID: PMC11117934 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The discovery of traditional plants' medicinal and nutritional properties has opened up new avenues for developing pharmaceutical and dietary strategies to prevent atherosclerosis. However, the effect of the antioxidant Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide (DOP) on atherosclerosis is still not elucidated. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect and the potential mechanism of DOP on high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The identification of DOP was measured by high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPLC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We used high-fat diet (HFD)-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice as an animal model. In the DOP intervention stage, the DOP group was treated by gavage with 200 μL of 200 mg/kg DOP at regular times each day and continued for eight weeks. We detected changes in serum lipid profiles, inflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and antioxidant capacity to investigate the effect of the DOP on host metabolism. We also determined microbial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate whether the DOP could improve the structure of the gut microbiota in atherosclerotic mice. RESULTS DOP effectively inhibited histopathological deterioration in atherosclerotic mice and significantly reduced serum lipid levels, inflammatory factors, and malondialdehyde (F/B) production. Additionally, the levels of anti-inflammatory factors and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), were significantly increased after DOP intervention. Furthermore, we found that DOP restructures the gut microbiota composition by decreasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio. The Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that serum lipid profiles, antioxidant activity, and pro-/anti-inflammatory factors were associated with Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Allobaculum, and Coriobacteriaceae_UCG-002. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that DOP has the potential to be developed as a food prebiotic for the treatment of atherosclerosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Qi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Shuaishuai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Guisheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China; (G.W.); (R.H.)
| | - Rongrong Hua
- Department of Radiology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China; (G.W.); (R.H.)
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Zhejiang Medicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312366, China;
| | - Jian He
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot 010110, China;
| | - Zi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yinhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Junjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Wenbiao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Yongting Luo
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.Q.); (S.Z.); (Z.W.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiaoxia Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China; (G.W.); (R.H.)
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Hassan A, Luqman A, Zhang K, Ullah M, Din AU, Xiaoling L, Wang G. Impact of Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 on atherosclerotic plaque and its mechanism. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:198. [PMID: 38727952 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is viewed as not just as a problem of lipid build-up in blood vessels, but also as a chronic inflammatory disease involving both innate and acquired immunity. In atherosclerosis, the inflammation of the arterial walls is the key characteristic that significantly contributes to both the instability of plaque and the occlusion of arteries by blood clots. These events ultimately lead to stroke and acute coronary syndrome. Probiotics are living microorganisms that, when consumed in the right quantities, offer advantages for one's health. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the influence of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 (ATCC 14917) on the development of atherosclerotic plaques and its underlying mechanism in Apo lipoprotein E-knockout (Apoe-/- mice). In this study, Apoe-/- mice at approximately 8 weeks of age were randomly assigned to three groups: a Normal group that received a normal chow diet, a high fat diet group that received a gavage of PBS, and a Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 group that received a high fat diet and a gavage of 0.2 ml ATCC 14917 (2 × 109 CFU/mL) per day for a duration of 12 weeks. Our strain effectively reduced the size of plaques in Apoe-/- mice by regulating the expression of inflammatory markers, immune cell markers, chemokines/chemokine receptors, and tight junction proteins (TJPs). Specifically, it decreased the levels of inflammatory markers (ICAM-1, CD-60 MCP-1, F4/80, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) in the thoracic aorta, (Ccr7, cd11c, cd4, cd80, IL-1β, TNF-α) in the colon, and increased the activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes (SOD-1 and SOD-2). It also influenced the expression of TJPs (occludin, ZO-1, claudin-3, and MUC-3). In addition, the treatment of ATCC 14917 significantly reduced the level of lipopolysaccharide in the mesenteric adipose tissue. The findings of our study demonstrated that our strain effectively decreased the size of atherosclerotic plaques by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, intestinal integrity, and intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Hassan
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Ameer Luqman
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Mehtab Ullah
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Liao Xiaoling
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China.
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
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Vuong TNAM, Bartolf-Kopp M, Andelovic K, Jungst T, Farbehi N, Wise SG, Hayward C, Stevens MC, Rnjak-Kovacina J. Integrating Computational and Biological Hemodynamic Approaches to Improve Modeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2307627. [PMID: 38704690 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease, resulting in mortality, elevated healthcare costs, diminished productivity, and reduced quality of life for individuals and their communities. This is exacerbated by the limited understanding of its underlying causes and limitations in current therapeutic interventions, highlighting the need for sophisticated models of atherosclerosis. This review critically evaluates the computational and biological models of atherosclerosis, focusing on the study of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Computational models account for the geometrical complexities and hemodynamics of the blood vessels and stenoses, but they fail to capture the complex biological processes involved in atherosclerosis. Different in vitro and in vivo biological models can capture aspects of the biological complexity of healthy and stenosed vessels, but rarely mimic the human anatomy and physiological hemodynamics, and require significantly more time, cost, and resources. Therefore, emerging strategies are examined that integrate computational and biological models, and the potential of advances in imaging, biofabrication, and machine learning is explored in developing more effective models of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bartolf-Kopp
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kristina Andelovic
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB), KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584, Netherlands
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Garvan Weizmann Center for Cellular Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Steven G Wise
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Christopher Hayward
- St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Charles Stevens
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN), University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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Li J, Yang L, Song J, Yan B, Morris AJ, Moseley H, Flight R, Wang C, Liu J, Weiss HL, Morris EF, Abdelhamid I, Gerl MJ, Melander O, Smyth S, Evers BM. Neurotensin accelerates atherosclerosis and increases circulating levels of short-chain and saturated triglycerides. Atherosclerosis 2024; 392:117479. [PMID: 38423808 PMCID: PMC11088984 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity and type 2 diabetes are significant risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide, but the underlying pathophysiological links are poorly understood. Neurotensin (NT), a 13-amino-acid hormone peptide, facilitates intestinal fat absorption and contributes to obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet. Elevated levels of pro-NT (a stable NT precursor produced in equimolar amounts relative to NT) are associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and CVD in humans. Whether NT is a causative factor in CVD is unknown. METHODS Nt+/+ and Nt-/- mice were either injected with adeno-associated virus encoding PCSK9 mutants or crossed with Ldlr-/- mice and fed a Western diet. Atherosclerotic plaques were analyzed by en face analysis, Oil Red O and CD68 staining. In humans, we evaluated the association between baseline pro-NT and growth of carotid bulb thickness after 16.4 years. Lipidomic profiles were analyzed. RESULTS Atherosclerotic plaque formation is attenuated in Nt-deficient mice through mechanisms that are independent of reductions in circulating cholesterol and triglycerides but associated with remodeling of the plasma triglyceride pool. An increasing plasma concentration of pro-NT predicts atherosclerotic events in coronary and cerebral arteries independent of all major traditional risk factors, indicating a strong link between NT and atherosclerosis. This plasma lipid profile analysis confirms the association of pro-NT with remodeling of the plasma triglyceride pool in atherosclerotic events. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are the first to directly link NT to increased atherosclerosis and indicate the potential role for NT in preventive and therapeutic strategies for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jun Song
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Baoxiang Yan
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Andrew J Morris
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 77205, USA
| | | | | | - Chi Wang
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | | | - Edward F Morris
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 63110, USA
| | | | | | | | - Susan Smyth
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 77205, USA
| | - B Mark Evers
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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10
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Ariyanto EF, Wijaya I, Pradian ZA, Bhaskara APM, Rahman PHA, Oktavia N. Recent Updates on Epigenetic-Based Pharmacotherapy for Atherosclerosis. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:1867-1878. [PMID: 38706808 PMCID: PMC11068051 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s463221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most dominant pathological processes responsible in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) caused by cholesterol accumulation accompanied by inflammation in the arteries which will subsequently lead to further complications, including myocardial infarction and stroke. Although the incidence of atherosclerosis is decreasing in some countries, it is still considered the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a vascular pathological process that is chronically inflammatory and is characterized by the invasion of inflammatory cells and cytokines. Many reports have unraveled the pivotal roles of epigenetics such as DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in atherogenesis, which regulate the expression of numerous genes related to various responsible pathways. Many studies have been conducted to develop new therapeutical approaches based on epigenetic changes for combating atherosclerosis. This review elaborates on recent updates on the development of new atherosclerosis drugs whose mechanism of action is associated with the modulation of DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications, and ncRNA-based gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eko Fuji Ariyanto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Ibnu Wijaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Nandina Oktavia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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11
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Seol DW, Park BJ, Koo DB, Kim JS, Jeon YH, Lee JE, Park JS, Jang H, Wee G. Optimizing Embryo Collection for Application of CRISPR/Cas9 System and Generation of Fukutin Knockout Rat Using This Method. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3752-3762. [PMID: 38785502 PMCID: PMC11120416 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Rat animal models are widely used owing to their relatively superior cognitive abilities and higher similarity compared with mouse models to human physiological characteristics. However, their use is limited because of difficulties in establishing embryonic stem cells and performing genetic modifications, and insufficient embryological research. In this study, we established optimal superovulation and fertilized-egg transfer conditions, including optimal hormone injection concentration (≥150 IU/kg of PMSG and hCG) and culture medium (mR1ECM), to obtain high-quality zygotes and establish in vitro fertilization conditions for rats. Next, sgRNA with optimal targeting activity was selected by performing PCR analysis and the T7E1 assay, and the CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to construct a rat model for muscular dystrophy by inducing a deficiency in the fukutin gene without any off-target effect detected. The production of fukutin knockout rats was phenotypically confirmed by observing a drop-in body weight to one-third of that of the control group. In summary, we succeeded in constructing the first muscular dystrophy disease rat model using the CRISPR/CAS9 system for increasing future prospects of producing various animal disease models and encouraging disease research using rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Won Seol
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIHUB), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.S.); (Y.-H.J.); (J.-E.L.); (J.-S.P.)
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation (KBIO Health), Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Jin Park
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (B.-J.P.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Deog-Bon Koo
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (B.-J.P.); (J.-S.K.)
| | - Yong-Hyun Jeon
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIHUB), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.S.); (Y.-H.J.); (J.-E.L.); (J.-S.P.)
| | - Jae-Eon Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIHUB), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.S.); (Y.-H.J.); (J.-E.L.); (J.-S.P.)
| | - Joon-Suk Park
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIHUB), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.S.); (Y.-H.J.); (J.-E.L.); (J.-S.P.)
| | - Hoon Jang
- Department of Life Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Gabbine Wee
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (KMEDIHUB), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (D.-W.S.); (Y.-H.J.); (J.-E.L.); (J.-S.P.)
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12
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Christ C, Ocskay Z, Kovács G, Jakus Z. Characterization of Atherosclerotic Mice Reveals a Sex-Dependent Susceptibility to Plaque Calcification but No Major Changes in the Lymphatics in the Arterial Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4046. [PMID: 38612867 PMCID: PMC11012298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphatics participate in reverse cholesterol transport, and their presence in the arterial wall of the great vessels and prior experimental results suggest their possible role in the development of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the lymphatic vasculature of the arterial wall in atherosclerosis. Tissue sections and tissue-cleared aortas of wild-type mice unveiled significant differences in the density of the arterial lymphatic network throughout the arterial tree. Male and female Ldlr-/- and ApoE-/- mice on a Western diet showed sex-dependent differences in plaque formation and calcification. Female mice on a Western diet developed more calcification of atherosclerotic plaques than males. The lymphatic vessels within the aortic wall of these mice showed no major changes regarding the number of lymphatic junctions and end points or the lymphatic area. However, female mice on a Western diet showed moderate dilation of lymphatic vessels in the abdominal aorta and exhibited indications of increased peripheral lymphatic function, findings that require further studies to understand the role of lymphatics in the arterial wall during the development of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zoltán Jakus
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary; (C.C.); (Z.O.); (G.K.)
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13
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Bashore AC, Yan H, Xue C, Zhu LY, Kim E, Mawson T, Coronel J, Chung A, Sachs N, Ho S, Ross LS, Kissner M, Passegué E, Bauer RC, Maegdefessel L, Li M, Reilly MP. High-Dimensional Single-Cell Multimodal Landscape of Human Carotid Atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:930-945. [PMID: 38385291 PMCID: PMC10978277 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic plaques are complex tissues composed of a heterogeneous mixture of cells. However, our understanding of the comprehensive transcriptional and phenotypic landscape of the cells within these lesions is limited. METHODS To characterize the landscape of human carotid atherosclerosis in greater detail, we combined cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing to classify all cell types within lesions (n=21; 13 symptomatic) to achieve a comprehensive multimodal understanding of the cellular identities of atherosclerosis and their association with clinical pathophysiology. RESULTS We identified 25 cell populations, each with a unique multiomic signature, including macrophages, T cells, NK (natural killer) cells, mast cells, B cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Among the macrophages, we identified 2 proinflammatory subsets enriched in IL-1B (interleukin-1B) or C1Q expression, 2 TREM2-positive foam cells (1 expressing inflammatory genes), and subpopulations with a proliferative gene signature and SMC-specific gene signature with fibrotic pathways upregulated. Further characterization revealed various subsets of SMCs and fibroblasts, including SMC-derived foam cells. These foamy SMCs were localized in the deep intima of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Utilizing cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing data, we developed a flow cytometry panel, using cell surface proteins CD29, CD142, and CD90, to isolate SMC-derived cells from lesions. Lastly, we observed reduced proportions of efferocytotic macrophages, classically activated endothelial cells, and contractile and modulated SMC-derived cells, while inflammatory SMCs were enriched in plaques of clinically symptomatic versus asymptomatic patients. CONCLUSIONS Our multimodal atlas of cell populations within atherosclerosis provides novel insights into the diversity, phenotype, location, isolation, and clinical relevance of the unique cellular composition of human carotid atherosclerosis. These findings facilitate both the mapping of cardiovascular disease susceptibility loci to specific cell types and the identification of novel molecular and cellular therapeutic targets for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Bashore
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Hanying Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (H.Y., M.L.)
| | - Chenyi Xue
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Lucie Y Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Thomas Mawson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Johana Coronel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Allen Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Nadja Sachs
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany (N.S., L.M.)
| | - Sebastian Ho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Leila S Ross
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Michael Kissner
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development (M.K., E.P.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development (M.K., E.P.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Robert C Bauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany (N.S., L.M.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance (L.M.)
- Department of Medicine, Karolinksa Institute, Stockholm, Sweden (L.M.)
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (H.Y., M.L.)
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.C.B., C.X., L.Y.Z., E.K., T.M., J.C., A.C., S.H., L.S.R., R.C.B., M.P.R.)
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research (M.P.R.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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14
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Huang B, Zou Z, Li Y, Chen H, Lai K, Yuan Y, Xu Y. Gasdermin D-Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes the Development of Atherosclerosis. J Transl Med 2024; 104:100337. [PMID: 38266921 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2024.100337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory cardiovascular disease with a high-morbidity and mortality rate. An increasing number of studies have addressed the crucial contribution of gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis, which is triggered by the inflammasomes to the development of atherosclerosis. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to uncover the detailed role of GSDMD in the development of atherosclerosis. An atherosclerotic model was established in Gsdmd-/-/Ldlr-/- mice and Gsdmd+/+/Ldlr-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet. The atherosclerotic lesions, the activation of GSDMD, and the expression level of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were evaluated. Gsdmd deletion ameliorated the atherosclerotic lesion sizes and the infiltration of immune cells and inflammatory cells in the aortas of mice. Additionally, Gsdmd deletion suppressed the pyroptosis of macrophages and endothelial cells induced by the serum of Ldlr-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet. Furthermore, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps was also attenuated by knockout of Gsdmd. Bone marrow chimeras confirmed that the genetic deficiency of Gsdmd in both immune cells and intrinsic cells played a role in the promotion of arteriosclerosis. Collectively, our study demonstrated that Gsdmd deletion hindered the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by inhibiting endothelial cell and macrophage cell death, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangbang Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhenhuan Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yinshuang Li
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kunmei Lai
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanfang Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Blood Purification Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, Research Center for Metabolic Chronic Kidney Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nephrology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
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15
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Ray AK, Priya A, Malik MZ, Thanaraj TA, Singh AK, Mago P, Ghosh C, Shalimar, Tandon R, Chaturvedi R. A bioinformatics approach to elucidate conserved genes and pathways in C. elegans as an animal model for cardiovascular research. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7471. [PMID: 38553458 PMCID: PMC10980734 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a collective term for disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The molecular events and biochemical pathways associated with CVD are difficult to study in clinical settings on patients and in vitro conditions. Animal models play a pivotal and indispensable role in CVD research. Caenorhabditis elegans, a nematode species, has emerged as a prominent experimental organism widely utilized in various biomedical research fields. However, the specific number of CVD-related genes and pathways within the C. elegans genome remains undisclosed to date, limiting its in-depth utilization for investigations. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of genes and pathways related to CVD within the genomes of humans and C. elegans through a systematic bioinformatic approach. A total of 1113 genes in C. elegans orthologous to the most significant CVD-related genes in humans were identified, and the GO terms and pathways were compared to study the pathways that are conserved between the two species. In order to infer the functions of CVD-related orthologous genes in C. elegans, a PPI network was constructed. Orthologous gene PPI network analysis results reveal the hubs and important KRs: pmk-1, daf-21, gpb-1, crh-1, enpl-1, eef-1G, acdh-8, hif-1, pmk-2, and aha-1 in C. elegans. Modules were identified for determining the role of the orthologous genes at various levels in the created network. We also identified 9 commonly enriched pathways between humans and C. elegans linked with CVDs that include autophagy (animal), the ErbB signaling pathway, the FoxO signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, ABC transporters, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and metabolic pathways. This study provides the first systematic genomic approach to explore the CVD-associated genes and pathways that are present in C. elegans, supporting the use of C. elegans as a prominent animal model organism for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Ray
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.
| | - Anjali Priya
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Md Zubbair Malik
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | | | - Alok Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Payal Mago
- Shaheed Rajguru College of Applied Science for Women, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Campus of Open Learning, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Chirashree Ghosh
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Ravi Tandon
- Laboratory of AIDS Research and Immunology, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rupesh Chaturvedi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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16
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Mullis DM, Padilla-Lopez A, Wang H, Zhu Y, Elde S, Bonham SA, Yajima S, Kocher ON, Krieger M, Woo YJ. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 alpha improves cardiac function in a novel diet-induced coronary atherosclerosis model, the SR-B1ΔCT/LDLR KO mouse. Atherosclerosis 2024:117518. [PMID: 38627162 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2024.117518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There are a limited number of pharmacologic therapies for coronary artery disease, and few rodent models of occlusive coronary atherosclerosis and consequent myocardial infarction with which one can rapidly test new therapeutic approaches. Here, we characterize a novel, fertile, and easy-to-use HDL receptor (SR-B1)-based model of atherogenic diet-inducible, fatal coronary atherosclerosis, the SR-B1ΔCT/LDLR KO mouse. Additionally, we test intramyocardial injection of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1 alpha (SDF-1α), a potent angiogenic cytokine, as a possible therapy to rescue cardiac function in this mouse. METHODS SR-B1ΔCT/LDLR KO mice were fed the Paigen diet or standard chow diet, and we determined the effects of the diets on cardiac function, histology, and survival. After two weeks of feeding either the Paigen diet (n = 24) or standard chow diet (n = 20), the mice received an intramyocardial injection of either SDF-1α or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Cardiac function and angiogenesis were assessed two weeks later. RESULTS When six-week-old mice were fed the Paigen diet, they began to die as early as 19 days later and 50% had died by 38 days. None of the mice maintained on the standard chow diet died by day 72. Hearts from mice on the Paigen diet showed evidence of cardiomegaly, myocardial infarction, and occlusive coronary artery disease. For the five mice that survived until day 28 that underwent an intramyocardial injection of PBS on day 15, the average ejection fraction (EF) decreased significantly from day 14 (the day before injection, 52.1 ± 4.3%) to day 28 (13 days after the injection, 30.6 ± 6.8%) (paired t-test, n = 5, p = 0.0008). Of the 11 mice fed the Paigen diet and injected with SDF-1α on day 15, 8 (72.7%) survived to day 28. The average EF for these 8 mice increased significantly from 48.2 ± 7.2% on day 14 to63.6 ± 6.9% on day 28 (Paired t-test, n = 8, p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS This new mouse model and treatment with the promising angiogenic cytokine SDF-1α may lead to new therapeutic approaches for ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Mullis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Hanjay Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yuanjia Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Elde
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Spencer A Bonham
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shin Yajima
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Olivier N Kocher
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monty Krieger
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA
| | - Y Joseph Woo
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Li K, Song X, Li H, Kuang X, Liu S, Liu R, Li D. Mussel oil is superior to fish oil in preventing atherosclerosis of ApoE -/- mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1326421. [PMID: 38410635 PMCID: PMC10894946 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1326421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to explore the preventive effect of mussel oil (MO) on atherosclerosis and the potential mechanism in apolipoprotein E-null (ApoE-/-) mice. Methods ApoE-/- mice were fed with a high-fat and high-cholesterol chow and given corn oil (CO), fish oil (FO), MO, or aspirin (ASP, dissolved in CO) by gavage for 12 weeks. The total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in MO (51.01%) and FO (46.82%) were comparable (mainly C22:6n-3 and C20:5n-3). Wild-type mice were fed with a normal chow and given equivalent CO as health control (CON). Results Compared with the CON group, obvious atherosclerotic plaque appeared at aorta and aortic sinus in the CO group. Compared with the CO group, MO but not FO had a significantly smaller atherosclerotic plaque area in the aorta. The aortic atherosclerotic plaque area was comparable in the MO, CON, and ASP groups. The MO group had a significantly smaller atherosclerotic plaque area, lower lipid deposition, lower contents of smooth muscle cell (SMC), and slightly lower contents of macrophage at the aortic sinus than the FO group. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, NF-κB, and VCAM-1 were comparable in the MO and FO groups and were significantly lower than the CO group. Compared with the CO group, the MO group but not FO group had significantly lower aortic protein levels of p65NF-κB, p38MAPK, and VCAM-1. The aortic protein levels of p-p65NF-κB and p-p38MAPK were significantly lower in the MO group than the FO group. Conclusion In conclusion, MO is more potent than FO in preventing atherosclerosis, and the possible mechanism may be by downregulating p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, decreasing VCAM-1 and macrophage, and inhibiting proliferation and migration of SMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelei Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaolei Song
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huiying Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaotong Kuang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shiyi Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Run Liu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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18
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Christensen JJ, Arnesen EK, Rundblad A, Telle-Hansen VH, Narverud I, Blomhoff R, Bogsrud MP, Retterstøl K, Ulven SM, Holven KB. Dietary fat quality, plasma atherogenic lipoproteins, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: An overview of the rationale for dietary recommendations for fat intake. Atherosclerosis 2024; 389:117433. [PMID: 38219649 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The scientific evidence supporting the current dietary recommendations for fat quality keeps accumulating; however, a paradoxical distrust has taken root among many researchers, clinicians, and in parts of the general public. One explanation for this distrust may relate to an incomplete overview of the totality of the evidence for the link between fat quality as a dietary exposure, and health outcomes such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Therefore, the main aim of the present narrative review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the rationale for dietary recommendations for fat intake, limiting our discussion to ASCVD as outcome. Herein, we provide a core framework - a causal model - that can help us understand the evidence that has accumulated to date, and that can help us understand new evidence that may become available in the future. The causal model for fat quality and ASCVD is comprised of three key research questions (RQs), each of which determine which scientific methods are most appropriate to use, and thereby which lines of evidence that should feed into the causal model. First, we discuss the link between low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles and ASCVD (RQ1); we draw especially on evidence from genetic studies, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), epidemiology, and mechanistic studies. Second, we explain the link between dietary fat quality and LDL particles (RQ2); we draw especially on metabolic ward studies, controlled trials (randomized and non-randomized), and mechanistic studies. Third, we explain the link between dietary fat quality, LDL particles, and ASCVD (RQ3); we draw especially on RCTs in animals and humans, epidemiology, population-based changes, and experiments of nature. Additionally, the distrust over dietary recommendations for fat quality may partly relate to an unclear understanding of the scientific method, especially as applied in nutrition research, including the process of developing dietary guidelines. We therefore also aimed to clarify this process. We discuss how we assess causality in nutrition research, and how we progress from scientific evidence to providing dietary recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Christensen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erik Kristoffer Arnesen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amanda Rundblad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ingunn Narverud
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin P Bogsrud
- Unit for Cardiac and Cardiovascular Genetics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Retterstøl
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; The Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stine M Ulven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kirsten B Holven
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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19
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Potashnikova D, Maryukhnich E, Vorobyeva D, Rusakovich G, Komissarov A, Tvorogova A, Gontarenko V, Vasilieva E. Cytokine Profiling of Plasma and Atherosclerotic Plaques in Patients Undergoing Carotid Endarterectomy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1030. [PMID: 38256102 PMCID: PMC10816498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic plaques are sites of chronic inflammation with diverse cell contents and complex immune signaling. Plaque progression and destabilization are driven by the infiltration of immune cells and the cytokines that mediate their interactions. Here, we attempted to compare the systemic cytokine profiles in the blood plasma of patients with atherosclerosis and the local cytokine production, using ex vivo plaque explants from the same patients. The developed method of 41-plex xMAP data normalization allowed us to differentiate twenty-two cytokines produced by the plaque that were not readily detectable in free circulation and six cytokines elevated in blood plasma that may have other sources than atherosclerotic plaque. To verify the xMAP data on the putative atherogenesis-driving chemokines MCP-1 (CCL2), MIP-1α (CCL3), MIP-1β (CCL4), RANTES (CCL5), and fractalkine (CX3CL1), qPCR was performed. The MIP1A (CCL3), MIP1B (CCL4), FKN (CX3CL1), and MCP1 (CCL2) genes were expressed at high levels in the plaques, whereas RANTES (CCL5) was almost absent. The expression patterns of the chemokines were restricted to the plaque cell types: the MCP1 (CCL2) gene was predominantly expressed in endothelial cells and monocytes/macrophages, MIP1A (CCL3) in monocytes/macrophages, and MIP1B (CCL4) in monocytes/macrophages and T cells. RANTES (CCL5) was restricted to T cells, while FKN (CX3CL1) was not differentially expressed. Taken together, our data indicate a plaque-specific cytokine production profile that may be a useful tool in atherosclerosis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Potashnikova
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127006 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
| | - Elena Maryukhnich
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127006 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
| | - Daria Vorobyeva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127006 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
| | - George Rusakovich
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
| | - Alexey Komissarov
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127006 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Tvorogova
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
| | - Vladimir Gontarenko
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National Medical Research Centre of Surgery Named after A.V. Vishnevsky under the RF Public Health Ministry, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Vasilieva
- Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, 127006 Moscow, Russia
- City Clinical Hospital Named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, 109240 Moscow, Russia; (G.R.)
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20
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Ray AK, Priya A, Malik MZ, Thanaraj TA, Singh AK, Mago P, Ghosh C, Shalimar, Tandon R, Chaturvedi R. Conserved Cardiovascular Network: Bioinformatics Insights into Genes and Pathways for Establishing Caenorhabditis elegans as an Animal Model for Cardiovascular Diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.24.573256. [PMID: 38234826 PMCID: PMC10793405 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.24.573256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a collective term for disorders of the heart and blood vessels. The molecular events and biochemical pathways associated with CVD are difficult to study in clinical settings on patients and in vitro conditions. Animal models play a pivotal and indispensable role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) research. Caenorhabditis elegans , a nematode species, has emerged as a prominent experimental organism widely utilised in various biomedical research fields. However, the specific number of CVD-related genes and pathways within the C. elegans genome remains undisclosed to date, limiting its in-depth utilisation for investigations. In the present study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of genes and pathways related to CVD within the genomes of humans and C. elegans through a systematic bioinformatic approach. A total of 1113 genes in C. elegans orthologous to the most significant CVD-related genes in humans were identified, and the GO terms and pathways were compared to study the pathways that are conserved between the two species. In order to infer the functions of CVD-related orthologous genes in C. elegans, a PPI network was constructed. Orthologous gene PPI network analysis results reveal the hubs and important KRs: pmk-1, daf-21, gpb-1, crh-1, enpl-1, eef-1G, acdh-8, hif-1, pmk-2, and aha-1 in C. elegans. Modules were identified for determining the role of the orthologous genes at various levels in the created network. We also identified 9 commonly enriched pathways between humans and C. elegans linked with CVDs that include autophagy (animal), the ErbB signalling pathway, the FoxO signalling pathway, the MAPK signalling pathway, ABC transporters, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and metabolic pathways. This study provides the first systematic genomic approach to explore the CVD-associated genes and pathways that are present in C. elegans, supporting the use of C. elegans as a prominent animal model organism for cardiovascular diseases.
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21
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Summers KM. Genetic models of fibrillinopathies. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad189. [PMID: 37972149 PMCID: PMC11021029 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrillinopathies represent a group of diseases in which the 10-12 nm extracellular microfibrils are disrupted by genetic variants in one of the genes encoding fibrillin molecules, large glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. The best-known fibrillinopathy is Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition affecting the cardiovascular, ocular, skeletal, and other systems, with a prevalence of around 1 in 3,000 across all ethnic groups. It is caused by variants of the FBN1 gene, encoding fibrillin-1, which interacts with elastin to provide strength and elasticity to connective tissues. A number of mouse models have been created in an attempt to replicate the human phenotype, although all have limitations. There are also natural bovine models and engineered models in pig and rabbit. Variants in FBN2 encoding fibrillin-2 cause congenital contractural arachnodactyly and mouse models for this condition have also been produced. In most animals, including birds, reptiles, and amphibians, there is a third fibrillin, fibrillin-3 (FBN3 gene) for which the creation of models has been difficult as the gene is degenerate and nonfunctional in mice and rats. Other eukaryotes such as the nematode C. elegans and zebrafish D. rerio have a gene with some homology to fibrillins and models have been used to discover more about the function of this family of proteins. This review looks at the phenotype, inheritance, and relevance of the various animal models for the different fibrillinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
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22
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Models of arterial thrombus formation represent a vital experimental tool to investigate platelet function and test novel antithrombotic drugs. This review highlights some of the recent advances in modelling thrombus formation in vitro and suggests potential future directions. RECENT FINDINGS Microfluidic devices and the availability of commercial chips in addition to enhanced accessibility of 3D printing has facilitated a rapid surge in the development of novel in-vitro thrombosis models. These include progression towards more sophisticated, 'vessel on a chip' models which incorporate vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Other approaches include the addition of branches to the traditional single channel to yield an occlusive model; and developments in the adhesive coating of microfluidic chambers to better mimic the thrombogenic surface exposed following plaque rupture. Future developments in the drive to create more biologically relevant chambers could see a move towards the use of human placental vessels, perfused ex-vivo. However, further work is required to determine the feasibility and validity of this approach. SUMMARY Recent advances in thrombus formation models have significantly improved the pathophysiological relevance of in-vitro flow chambers to better reflect the in-vivo environment and provide a more translational platform to test novel antithrombotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Drysdale
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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23
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Arya P, Sharma V, Thapliyal S, Sagar R, Singh P. Preclinical models of atherosclerosis: An overview. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:535-542. [PMID: 38629090 PMCID: PMC11017846 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.74352.16148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of illness and death globally and its mechanism is still unclear. Different animal models have been created to evaluate the progression of atherosclerosis, allowing researchers to carefully control the circumstances of the experiment as well as the nutrition and environmental risk factors. To investigate the negative effects of various interventions, pathophysiological alterations might be generated utilizing genetic or pharmacological methods. These models' molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms have been clarified through experiments, and they have served as platforms for the creation of new drugs. Different models can be employed to address various research problems, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. In the current review study, various species of atherosclerosis models are discussed, along with the viability of using them in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Arya
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Vikram Sharma
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, U.P., India
| | - Surabhi Thapliyal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh 249203, India
| | | | - Priyanka Singh
- Galgotias College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, U.P., India
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24
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Alakhtar B, Guilbert C, Subramaniam N, Caruana V, Makhani K, Baglole CJ, Mann KK. E-cigarette exposure causes early pro-atherogenic changes in an inducible murine model of atherosclerosis. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1244596. [PMID: 38164438 PMCID: PMC10757938 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1244596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Evidence suggests that e-cigarette use (vaping) increases cardiovascular disease risk, but decades are needed before people who vape would develop pathology. Thus, murine models of atherosclerosis can be utilized as tools to understand disease susceptibility, risk and pathogenesis. Moreover, there is a poor understanding of how risk factors for atherosclerosis (i.e., hyperlipidemia, high-fat diet) intersect with vaping to promote disease risk. Herein, we evaluated whether there was early evidence of atherosclerosis in an inducible hyperlipidemic mouse exposed to aerosol from commercial pod-style devices and e-liquid. Methods: Mice were injected with adeno-associated virus containing the human protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) variant to promote hyperlipidemia. These mice were fed a high-fat diet and exposed to room air or aerosol derived from JUUL pods containing polyethylene glycol/vegetable glycerin (PG/VG) or 5% nicotine with mango flavoring for 4 weeks; this timepoint was utilized to assess markers of atherosclerosis that may occur prior to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Results: These data show that various parameters including weight, circulating lipoprotein/glucose levels, and splenic immune cells were significantly affected by exposure to PG/VG and/or nicotine-containing aerosols. Discussion: Not only can this mouse model be utilized for chronic vaping studies to assess the vascular pathology but these data support that vaping is not risk-free and may increase CVD outcomes later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Alakhtar
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Cynthia Guilbert
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nivetha Subramaniam
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vincenza Caruana
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kiran Makhani
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J. Baglole
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Koren K. Mann
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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25
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Lee GH, Lee HY, Lim YJ, Kim JH, Jung SJ, Jung ES, Chae SW, Lee J, Lim J, Rashid MMU, Min KH, Chae HJ. Angelica gigas extract inhibits acetylation of eNOS via IRE1α sulfonation/RIDD-SIRT1-mediated posttranslational modification in vascular dysfunction. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13608-13627. [PMID: 38095615 PMCID: PMC10756119 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Angelica gigas NAKAI (AG) is a popular traditional medicinal herb widely used to treat dyslipidemia owing to its antioxidant activity. Vascular disease is intimately linked to obesity-induced metabolic syndrome, and AG extract (AGE) shows beneficial effects on obesity-associated vascular dysfunction. However, the effectiveness of AGE against obesity and its underlying mechanisms have not yet been extensively investigated. In this study, 40 high fat diet (HFD) rats were supplemented with 100-300 mg/kg/day of AGE to determine its efficacy in regulating vascular dysfunction. The vascular relaxation responses to acetylcholine were impaired in HFD rats, while the administration of AGE restored the diminished relaxation pattern. Endothelial dysfunction, including increased plaque area, accumulated reactive oxygen species, and decreased nitric oxide (NO) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) Ser1177 phosphorylation, were observed in HFD rats, whereas AGE reversed endothelial dysfunction and its associated biochemical signaling. Furthermore, AGE regulated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and IRE1α sulfonation and its subsequent sirt1 RNA decay through controlling regulated IRE1α-dependent decay (RIDD) signaling, ultimately promoting NO bioavailability via the SIRT1-eNOS axis in aorta and endothelial cells. Independently, AGE enhanced AMPK phosphorylation, additionally stimulating SIRT1 and eNOS deacetylation and its associated NO bioavailability. Decursin, a prominent constituent of AGE, exhibited a similar effect in alleviating endothelial dysfunctions. These data suggest that AGE regulates dyslipidemia-associated vascular dysfunction by controlling ROS-associated ER stress responses, especially IRE1α-RIDD/sirt1 decay and the AMPK-SIRT1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Hwa Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Lee
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Je Lim
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jung
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Soo Jung
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Wan Chae
- Clinical Trial Center for Functional Foods (CTCF2), Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Juwon Lee
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lim
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Mamun Ur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacology and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Min
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Jung Chae
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Non-Clinical Evaluation Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy and Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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26
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Xie X. Steady solution and its stability of a mathematical model of diabetic atherosclerosis. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DYNAMICS 2023; 17:2257734. [PMID: 37711027 PMCID: PMC10576982 DOI: 10.1080/17513758.2023.2257734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death worldwide. Making matters worse, nearly 463 million people have diabetes, which increases atherosclerosis-related inflammation. Diabetic patients are twice as likely to have a heart attack or stroke. In this paper, we consider a simplified mathematical model for diabetic atherosclerosis involving LDL, HDL, glucose, insulin, free radicals (ROS), β cells, macrophages and foam cells, which satisfy a system of partial differential equations with a free boundary, the interface between the blood flow and the plaque. We establish the existence of small radially symmetric stationary solutions to the model and study their stability. Our analysis shows that the plague will persist due to hyperglycemia even when LDL and HDL are in normal range, hence confirms that diabetes increase the risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuming Xie
- Department of Mathematics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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27
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Tyrrell DJ, Wragg KM, Chen J, Wang H, Song J, Blin MG, Bolding C, Vardaman D, Giles K, Tidwell H, Ali MA, Janappareddi A, Wood SC, Goldstein DR. Clonally expanded memory CD8 + T cells accumulate in atherosclerotic plaques and are pro-atherogenic in aged mice. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:1576-1590. [PMID: 37996758 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00515-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a strong risk factor for atherosclerosis and induces accumulation of memory CD8+ T cells in mice and humans. Biological changes that occur with aging lead to enhanced atherosclerosis, yet the role of aging on CD8+ T cells during atherogenesis is unclear. In this study, using femle mice, we found that depletion of CD8+ T cells attenuated atherogenesis in aged, but not young, animals. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of splenic CD8+ T cells from aged wild-type, but not young wild-type, donor mice significantly enhanced atherosclerosis in recipient mice lacking CD8+ T cells. We also characterized T cells in healthy and atherosclerotic young and aged mice by single-cell RNA sequencing. We found specific subsets of age-associated CD8+ T cells, including a Granzyme K+ effector memory subset, that accumulated and was clonally expanded within atherosclerotic plaques. These had transcriptomic signatures of T cell activation, migration, cytotoxicity and exhaustion. Overall, our study identified memory CD8+ T cells as therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Tyrrell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Kathleen M Wragg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Judy Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jianrui Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Muriel G Blin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chase Bolding
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Donald Vardaman
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kara Giles
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Harrison Tidwell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Md Akkas Ali
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Sherri C Wood
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Tscheuschner L, Tzafriri AR. Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Models for Atherosclerosis Treatment Development. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1373. [PMID: 38135964 PMCID: PMC10740643 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10121373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early years of tissue engineering, scientists focused on the generation of healthy-like tissues and organs to replace diseased tissue areas with the aim of filling the gap between organ demands and actual organ donations. Over time, the realization has set in that there is an additional large unmet need for suitable disease models to study their progression and to test and refine different treatment approaches. Increasingly, researchers have turned to tissue engineering to address this need for controllable translational disease models. We review existing and potential uses of tissue-engineered disease models in cardiovascular research and suggest guidelines for generating adequate disease models, aimed both at studying disease progression mechanisms and supporting the development of dedicated drug-delivery therapies. This involves the discussion of different requirements for disease models to test drugs, nanoparticles, and drug-eluting devices. In addition to realistic cellular composition, the different mechanical and structural properties that are needed to simulate pathological reality are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea Tscheuschner
- Department of Vascular Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece
| | - Abraham R. Tzafriri
- Department of Research and Innovation, CBSET Inc., Lexington, MA 02421, USA;
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Yan A, Gotlieb AI. The microenvironment of the atheroma expresses phenotypes of plaque instability. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 67:107572. [PMID: 37595697 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Data from histopathology studies of human atherosclerotic tissue specimens and from vascular imaging studies support the concept that the local arterial microenvironment of a stable atheroma promotes destabilizing conditions that result in the transition to an unstable atheroma. Destabilization is characterized by several different plaque phenotypes that cause major clinical events such as acute coronary syndrome and cerebrovascular strokes. There are several rupture-associated phenotypes causing thrombotic vascular occlusion including simple fibrous cap rupture of an atheroma, fibrous cap rupture at site of previous rupture-and-repair of an atheroma, and nodular calcification with rupture. Endothelial erosion without rupture has more recently been shown to be a common phenotype to promote thrombosis as well. Microenvironment features that are linked to these phenotypes of plaque instability are neovascularization arising from the vasa vasorum network leading to necrotic core expansion, intraplaque hemorrhage, and cap rupture; activation of adventitial and perivascular adipose tissue cells leading to secretion of cytokines, growth factors, adipokines in the outer artery wall that destabilize plaque structure; and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching through transdifferentiation and stem/progenitor cell activation resulting in the promotion of inflammation, calcification, and secretion of extracellular matrix, altering fibrous cap structure, and necrotic core growth. As the technology evolves, studies using noninvasive vascular imaging will be able to investigate the transition of stable to unstable atheromas in real time. A limitation in the field, however, is that reliable and predictable experimental models of spontaneous plaque rupture and/or erosion are not currently available to study the cell and molecular mechanisms that regulate the conversion of the stable atheroma to an unstable plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Yan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Avrum I Gotlieb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Guo J, Wang H, Li Y, Zhu S, Hu H, Gu Z. Nanotechnology in coronary heart disease. Acta Biomater 2023; 171:37-67. [PMID: 37714246 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the major causes of death and disability worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries and among older populations. Conventional diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have limitations such as low sensitivity, high cost and side effects. Nanotechnology offers promising alternative strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of CHD by exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. In this review, we use bibliometric analysis to identify research hotspots in the application of nanotechnology in CHD and provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art. Nanomaterials with enhanced imaging and biosensing capabilities can improve the early detection of CHD through advanced contrast agents and high-resolution imaging techniques. Moreover, nanomaterials can facilitate targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering and modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress, thus addressing multiple aspects of CHD pathophysiology. We discuss the application of nanotechnology in CHD diagnosis (imaging and sensors) and treatment (regulation of macrophages, cardiac repair, anti-oxidative stress), and provide insights into future research directions and clinical translation. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians seeking to harness the potential of nanotechnology in the management of CHD. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the one of leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Nanotechnology offers new strategies for diagnosing and treating CHD by exploiting the unique properties of nanomaterials. This review uses bibliometric analysis to uncover research trends in the use of nanotechnology for CHD. We discuss the potential of nanomaterials for early CHD detection through advanced imaging and biosensing, targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, and modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress. We also offer insights into future research directions and potential clinical applications. This work aims to guide researchers and clinicians in leveraging nanotechnology to improve CHD patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsong Guo
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Ying Li
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano-safety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Houxiang Hu
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China.
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- Academician Workstation, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China; CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nano-safety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China; Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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31
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Liu Z, Daniels T, Campen MJ, Alvidrez RIM. Inflammatory atherosclerotic plaque identification by SPECT/CT imaging of LFA-1 using [ 111In] In-DANBIRT in a novel dyslipidemic rat model. Ann Nucl Med 2023; 37:635-643. [PMID: 37742306 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is prevalent globally, closely associated with dyslipidemia and other metabolic dysfunction. Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis is challenging due to limited diagnostic capabilities that need to be expanded with animal models with enhanced vascular biology like rats. Our previous research showed [111In] In-DANBIRT has potential as a diagnostic tool for detecting atherosclerosis in mice. The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate [111In] In-DANBIRT in a novel atherosclerotic rat with early- and late-stage atherosclerosis and metabolic disease. METHODS We characterized metabolic and body composition differences in these novel dyslipidemic rats under different diets using serum chemistry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, respectively. We performed 1-h post-injection in vivo molecular imaging of ApoE knockout, lean Zucker (LZ) male rats at baseline and followed them into 10 weeks of either normal or high-fat/cholesterol diet implementation (22 weeks of age). RESULTS We identified significant differences in body composition and metabolic changes in ApoE knockout rats compared to ApoE wildtype rats. Our findings indicate an increased uptake of [111In] In-DANBIRT in ApoE knockout, lean Zucker (LZ) rats, particularly in the descending aorta, a location where early-stage atherosclerosis is commonly found. Our findings, however, also revealed that the ApoE knockout, Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) model has high mortality rate, which may be attributed to alterations of critical enzymes involved in regulating metabolism and liver function. CONCLUSION Our results are highly encouraging as they demonstrated the potential of [111In] In-DANBIRT to detect early-stage atherosclerosis in rats that might otherwise go unnoticed by other methods, showcasing the high sensitivity of [111In] In-DANBIRT. Our future studies will aim to establish a viable T2D atherosclerosis model in rats with more advanced stages of the disease to further demonstrate the reliability of [111In] In-DANBIRT as a diagnostic tool for patients in all stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tamara Daniels
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Matthew J Campen
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Roberto Ivan Mota Alvidrez
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
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Allphin AJ, Mahzarnia A, Clark DP, Qi Y, Han ZY, Bhandari P, Ghaghada KB, Badea A, Badea CT. Advanced photon counting CT imaging pipeline for cardiac phenotyping of apolipoprotein E mouse models. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291733. [PMID: 37796905 PMCID: PMC10553338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is associated with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and lipid metabolism. This study aimed to develop an imaging-based pipeline to comprehensively assess cardiac structure and function in mouse models expressing different APOE genotypes using photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT). METHODS 123 mice grouped based on APOE genotype (APOE2, APOE3, APOE4, APOE knockout (KO)), gender, human NOS2 factor, and diet (control or high fat) were used in this study. The pipeline included PCCT imaging on a custom-built system with contrast-enhanced in vivo imaging and intrinsic cardiac gating, spectral and temporal iterative reconstruction, spectral decomposition, and deep learning cardiac segmentation. Statistical analysis evaluated genotype, diet, sex, and body weight effects on cardiac measurements. RESULTS Our results showed that PCCT offered high quality imaging with reduced noise. Material decomposition enabled separation of calcified plaques from iodine enhanced blood in APOE KO mice. Deep learning-based segmentation showed good performance with Dice scores of 0.91 for CT-based segmentation and 0.89 for iodine map-based segmentation. Genotype-specific differences were observed in left ventricular volumes, heart rate, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac index. Statistically significant differences were found between control and high fat diets for APOE2 and APOE4 genotypes in heart rate and stroke volume. Sex and weight were also significant predictors of cardiac measurements. The inclusion of the human NOS2 gene modulated these effects. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the potential of PCCT in assessing cardiac structure and function in mouse models of CVD which can help in understanding the interplay between genetic factors, diet, and cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J. Allphin
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Ali Mahzarnia
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Darin P. Clark
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Yi Qi
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Zay Y. Han
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Prajwal Bhandari
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ketan B. Ghaghada
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Cristian T. Badea
- Quantitative Imaging and Analysis Lab, Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States of America
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Garger D, Meinel M, Dietl T, Hillig C, Garzorz‐Stark N, Eyerich K, de Angelis MH, Eyerich S, Menden MP. The impact of the cardiovascular component and somatic mutations on ageing. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13957. [PMID: 37608601 PMCID: PMC10577550 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic insight into ageing may empower prolonging the lifespan of humans; however, a complete understanding of this process is still lacking despite a plethora of ageing theories. In order to address this, we investigated the association of lifespan with eight phenotypic traits, that is, litter size, body mass, female and male sexual maturity, somatic mutation, heart, respiratory, and metabolic rate. In support of the somatic mutation theory, we analysed 15 mammalian species and their whole-genome sequencing deriving somatic mutation rate, which displayed the strongest negative correlation with lifespan. All remaining phenotypic traits showed almost equivalent strong associations across this mammalian cohort, however, resting heart rate explained additional variance in lifespan. Integrating somatic mutation and resting heart rate boosted the prediction of lifespan, thus highlighting that resting heart rate may either directly influence lifespan, or represents an epiphenomenon for additional lower-level mechanisms, for example, metabolic rate, that are associated with lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Garger
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Faculty of BiologyLudwig Maximilian UniversityMartinsriedGermany
| | - Martin Meinel
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Faculty of BiologyLudwig Maximilian UniversityMartinsriedGermany
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Tamina Dietl
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Faculty of BiologyLudwig Maximilian UniversityMartinsriedGermany
| | - Christina Hillig
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Department of MathematicsTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Natalie Garzorz‐Stark
- Department of Dermatology and AllergyTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for molecular medicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for molecular medicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical SchoolUniversity of FreiburgFreiburgGermany
| | - Martin Hrabě de Angelis
- Institute of Experimental GeneticsHelmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Chair of Experimental Genetics, TUM School of Life SciencesTechnical University MunichFreisingGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center for Allergy and Environment (ZAUM)Technical University MunichMunichGermany
- Institute for Allergy ResearchHelmholtz Munich, NeuherbergNeuherbergGermany
| | - Michael P. Menden
- Computational Health Center, Helmholtz MunichNeuherbergGermany
- Faculty of BiologyLudwig Maximilian UniversityMartinsriedGermany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD)NeuherbergGermany
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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Jiang MC, Ding HY, Huang YH, Cheng CK, Lau CW, Xia Y, Yao XQ, Wang L, Huang Y. Thioridazine protects against disturbed flow-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting RhoA/YAP-mediated endothelial inflammation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:1977-1988. [PMID: 37217602 PMCID: PMC10545737 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic diseases remain the leading cause of adult mortality and impose heavy burdens on health systems globally. Our previous study found that disturbed flow enhanced YAP activity to provoke endothelial activation and atherosclerosis, and targeting YAP alleviated endothelial inflammation and atherogenesis. Therefore, we established a luciferase reporter assay-based drug screening platform to seek out new YAP inhibitors for anti-atherosclerotic treatment. By screening the FDA-approved drug library, we identified that an anti-psychotic drug thioridazine markedly suppressed YAP activity in human endothelial cells. Thioridazine inhibited disturbed flow-induced endothelial inflammatory response in vivo and in vitro. We verified that the anti-inflammatory effects of thioridazine were mediated by inhibition of YAP. Thioridazine regulated YAP activity via restraining RhoA. Moreover, administration of thioridazine attenuated partial carotid ligation- and western diet-induced atherosclerosis in two mouse models. Overall, this work opens up the possibility of repurposing thioridazine for intervention of atherosclerotic diseases. This study also shed light on the underlying mechanisms that thioridazine inhibited endothelial activation and atherogenesis via repression of RhoA-YAP axis. As a new YAP inhibitor, thioridazine might need further investigation and development for the treatment of atherosclerotic diseases in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chun Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huan-Yu Ding
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chak Kwong Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wai Lau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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An C, Sun F, Liu C, Huang S, Xu T, Zhang C, Ge S. IQGAP1 promotes mitochondrial damage and activation of the mtDNA sensor cGAS-STING pathway to induce endothelial cell pyroptosis leading to atherosclerosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110795. [PMID: 37597406 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the most common cardiovascular disease and has limited therapeutic options. IQ motif-containing GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1) is an important scaffolding protein regulating mitochondrial function influencing endothelial cell activity. Evidence suggests that mitochondrial damage can lead to leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm to activate the DNA sensor cGAS-STING to mediate pyroptosis. However, whether IQGAP1 induces NLRP3-mediated endothelial cell pyroptosis by regulating mitochondrial function and activating the DNA sensor cGAS-STING, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In vivo, ApoE-/- C57BL/J and Ldlr-/- C57BL/J mice were pre-injected with adeno-associated virus (AAV) by the tail vein to specifically silence IQGAP1 expression and were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. IQGAP1 knockdown reduced mtDNA release and decreased the expression of DNA receptors and pyroptosis-related molecules as determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In vitro, palmitic acid (0.3 mmol/L) was incubated with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for 24 h. Overexpression of IQGAP1 in HUVECs, flow cytometry, and mitochondrial superoxide staining revealed increased levels of ROS. Moreover, the mitochondrial tracker with dsDNA co-localization showed the release of mtDNA into the cytoplasm increased, which activated the DNA receptor cGAS-STING. Protein blotting and TUNEL staining revealed that IQGAP1 promoted NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. Furthermore, cGAS or STING small-molecule inhibitors RU.521 or C-176 reverse IQGAP1-promoted HUVECs from undergoing NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. These results suggest that IQGAP1 promotes oxidative stress and mtDNA release, activates the DNA sensor cGAS-STING, and leads to NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis. The present study provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying AS and identifies new pharmacological targets for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng An
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Can Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Shaojun Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
| | - Shenglin Ge
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China.
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Sato A, Tsukiyama T, Komeno M, Iwatani C, Tsuchiya H, Kawamoto I, Murase M, Nakagawa T, Itagaki I, Seita Y, Matsumoto S, Nakaya M, Shimizu A, Yamada A, Ema M, Ogita H. Generation of a familial hypercholesterolemia model in non-human primate. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15649. [PMID: 37730951 PMCID: PMC10511719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42763-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder that is associated with a high plasma level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, leading to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. To develop basic and translational research on FH, we here generated an FH model in a non-human primate (cynomolgus monkeys) by deleting the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene using the genome editing technique. Six LDLR knockout (KO) monkeys were produced, all of which were confirmed to have mutations in the LDLR gene by sequence analysis. The levels of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride were quite high in the monkeys, and were similar to those in FH patients with homozygous mutations in the LDLR gene. In addition, periocular xanthoma was observed only 1 year after birth. Lipoprotein profile analysis showed that the plasma very low-density lipoprotein and LDL were elevated, while the plasma high density lipoprotein was decreased in LDLR KO monkeys. The LDLR KO monkeys were also strongly resistant to medications for hypercholesterolemia. Taken together, we successfully generated a non-human primate model of hypercholesterolemia in which the phenotype is similar to that of homozygous FH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Sato
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Tsukiyama
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Komeno
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Chizuru Iwatani
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tsuchiya
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kawamoto
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Murase
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakagawa
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Iori Itagaki
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yasunari Seita
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Shoma Matsumoto
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masataka Nakaya
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akio Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Medical Innovation Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Ema
- Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (WPI-ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Stem Cells and Human Disease Models, Research Center for Animal Life Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Ogita
- Division of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-Cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
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Wakako A, Sadato A, Oeda M, Higashiguchi S, Hayakawa M, Oshima M, Hirose Y. Development of a Model for Plaque Induction in Rat Carotid Arteries. Asian J Neurosurg 2023; 18:499-507. [PMID: 38152536 PMCID: PMC10749859 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1763522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Plaque induction through intimal injury using a balloon catheter in small animals and by artificial ligation of the carotid artery in large animals have been reported. However, these reports have not yet succeeded in inducing stable plaques nor creating a high degree of intimal thickening to be used as animal models. We have previously developed a plaque induction model in rats but have failed to obtain a plaque incidence frequency that can be used as a model. Thus, in the current study, we aimed to create a versatile disease model to examine the pharmacokinetics of drug administration, determine the efficacy of treatment, and examine the process of intimal thickening. We also attempted to create an improved model with shorter, more frequent, and more severe intimal thickening. Materials and Methods The common carotid artery of male Wistar rats was surgically exposed and completely ligated with a wire and 6-0 nylon thread. Then, the wire was removed to create a partial ligation. To create a high frequency and high degree of intimal thickening, 72 rats were divided into two groups: a single lesion group with a 0.25-mm wire and a single ligature point, and a tandem lesion group with a 0.3-mm wire and two ligature points. Each group was further divided into normal diet and high cholesterol diet groups. The presence and frequency of intimal thickening were examined for each group after 4, 8, and 16 weeks of growth. Results In the single lesion group, intimal thickening was observed in 42% of the 4-week group and 75% of the 8-week group. In the tandem lesion group, intimal thickening was observed in 75% of the 4-week group and 50% of the 8-week group. In addition, 50% of the individuals reared for 16 weeks developed intimal thickening. Conclusion We successfully induced intimal thickening in the carotid arteries of rats with high frequency in the single lesion and tandem lesion groups. The results also showed that the tandem lesion group tended to induce intimal thickening earlier than the single lesion group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Wakako
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akiyo Sadato
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Motoki Oeda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Toyota, Aichi, Japan
| | - Saeko Higashiguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Motoharu Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University Okazaki Medical Center, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Marie Oshima
- Institute of Industrial Science/Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Hirose
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Medical University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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38
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Andreeva VD, Ehlers H, R C AK, Presselt M, J van den Broek L, Bonnet S. Combining nitric oxide and calcium sensing for the detection of endothelial dysfunction. Commun Chem 2023; 6:179. [PMID: 37644120 PMCID: PMC10465535 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-00973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are not typically diagnosed until the disease has manifested. Endothelial dysfunction is an early, reversible precursor in the irreversible development of cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by a decrease in nitric oxide production. We believe that more reliable and reproducible methods are necessary for the detection of endothelial dysfunction. Both nitric oxide and calcium play important roles in the endothelial function. Here we review different types of molecular sensors used in biological settings. Next, we review the current nitric oxide and calcium sensors available. Finally, we review methods for using both sensors for the detection of endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haley Ehlers
- Mimetas B.V., De limes 7, 2342 DH, Oegstgeest, The Netherlands
- Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aswin Krishna R C
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Presselt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (Leibniz-IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Sciclus GmbH & Co. KG, Moritz-von-Rohr-Str. 1a, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Sylvestre Bonnet
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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Szekeres R, Priksz D, Kiss R, Romanescu DD, Bombicz M, Varga B, Gesztelyi R, Szilagyi A, Takacs B, Tarjanyi V, Pelles-Tasko B, Forgacs I, Remenyik J, Szilvassy Z, Juhasz B. Therapeutic Aspects of Prunus cerasus Extract in a Rabbit Model of Atherosclerosis-Associated Diastolic Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13253. [PMID: 37686067 PMCID: PMC10488229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the potential therapeutic effects of anthocyanin-rich Prunus cerasus (sour cherry) extract (PCE) on atherosclerosis-associated cardiac dysfunction, described by the impairment of the NO-PKG (nitric oxide-protein kinase G) pathway and the antioxidant capacity. Initially, a rabbit model of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease was established by administering a cholesterol-rich diet, enabling the examination of the impact of 9 g/kg PCE on the pre-existing compromised cardiovascular condition. After that, the animals were divided into four groups for 12 weeks: the (1) untreated control group; (2) PCE-administered healthy rabbits; (3) hypercholesterolemic (HC) group kept on an atherogenic diet; and (4) PCE-treated HC group. Dyslipidemia, impaired endothelial function, and signs of diastolic dysfunction were evident in hypercholesterolemic rabbits, accompanied by a reduced cardiac expression of eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase), PKG, and SERCA2a (sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2a). Subsequent PCE treatment improved the lipid profile and the cardiac function. Additionally, PCE administration was associated with elevated myocardial levels of eNOS, PKG, and SERCA2a, while no significant changes in the vascular status were observed. Western blot analysis further revealed hypercholesterolemia-induced increase and PCE-associated reduction in heme oxygenase-1 expression. The observed effects of anthocyanins indicate their potential as a valuable addition to the treatment regimen for atherosclerosis-associated cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka Szekeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Daniel Priksz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Rita Kiss
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Dana Diana Romanescu
- Department of Diabetology, Pelican Clinical Hospital, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Mariann Bombicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Balazs Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Rudolf Gesztelyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Anna Szilagyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Barbara Takacs
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Vera Tarjanyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Beata Pelles-Tasko
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Ildiko Forgacs
- Center for Complex Systems and Microbiome Innovations, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Judit Remenyik
- Center for Complex Systems and Microbiome Innovations, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (I.F.); (J.R.)
| | - Zoltan Szilvassy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
| | - Bela Juhasz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of General Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (R.S.); (D.P.); (R.K.); (M.B.); (B.V.); (R.G.); (A.S.); (B.T.); (V.T.); (B.P.-T.); (Z.S.)
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Murphy JM, Jeong K, Tran DTK, Cioffi DL, Campbell PM, Kim JH, Jo H, Ahn EYE, Lim STS. Nuclear FAK in endothelium: An intrinsic inhibitor of NF-κB activation in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2023; 379:117189. [PMID: 37527611 PMCID: PMC10530536 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.117189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hyperlipidemia leads to the accumulation of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) within the vessel wall where it causes chronic inflammation in endothelial cells (ECs) and drives atherosclerotic lesions. Although focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is critical in proinflammatory NF-κB activation in ECs, it is unknown if hyperlipidemia alters FAK-mediated NF-κB activity in vivo to affect atherosclerosis progression. METHODS We investigated changes in EC FAK and NF-κB activation using Apoe-/- mice fed a western diet (WD). Both pharmacological FAK inhibition and EC-specific FAK inhibited mouse models were utilized. FAK and NF-κB localization and activity were also analyzed in human atherosclerotic samples. RESULTS ECs of hyperlipidemic mice clearly showed much higher levels of FAK activation in the cytoplasm, which was associated with increased NF-κB activation compared to normal diet (ND) group. On the contrary, FAK is mostly localized in the nucleus and inactive in ECs under healthy conditions with a low NF-κB activity. Both pharmacological and EC-specific genetic FAK inhibition in WD fed Apoe-/- mice exhibited a significant decrease in FAK activity and cytoplasmic localization, NF-κB activation, macrophage recruitment, and atherosclerotic lesions compared to the vehicle or FAK wild-type groups. Analyses of human atherosclerotic specimens revealed a positive correlation between increased active cytoplasmic FAK within ECs and NF-κB activation in the lesions. CONCLUSIONS Hyperlipidemic conditions activate NF-κB pathway by increasing EC FAK activity and cytoplasmic localization in mice and human atherosclerotic samples. As FAK inhibition can efficiently reduce vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic lesions in mice by reversing EC FAK localization and NF-κB activation, these findings support a potential use for FAK inhibitors in treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Murphy
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Kyuho Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Duyen Thi Kieu Tran
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Donna L Cioffi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Pamela Moore Campbell
- Department of Pathology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, 36617, USA
| | - Jin H Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, 36688, USA
| | - Hanjoong Jo
- Department of Bioengineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Eun-Young Erin Ahn
- Department of Pathology, O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Ssang-Taek Steve Lim
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Jamuna S, Ashokkumar R, Raja IS, Devaraj SN. Anti-Atherogenic Protection by Oligomeric Proanthocyanidins via Regulating Collagen Crosslinking Against CC Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in Rats. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:4881-4892. [PMID: 37097399 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of collagen and its turnover remained as critical determinants for the progression of atherosclerosis. During this condition, proteases secreted by SMCs and foam cells in the necrotic core degrade collagen. Growing evidences demonstrated that consumption of antioxidant rich diet is highly associated with a reduced risk of atherosclerosis. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) have been proved to possess promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective activity, based on our previous studies. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy of OPC isolated from Crataegus oxyacantha berries as a natural collagen crosslinker and anti-atherogenic agent. Spectral studies like FTIR, ultraviolet and circular dichroism analysis confirmed the in vitro crosslinking ability of OPC with rat tail collagen when compared to the standard epigallocatechin gallate. The administration of cholesterol:cholic acid (CC) diet induces proteases-mediated collagen degradation that could result in plaque instability. Further, the CC diet fed rats showed significantly increased levels of total cholesterol and triacylglycerols which, in turn, increases the activities of collagen degrading proteases-MMPs (MMP 1, 2 and 9) and Cathepsin S and D. Upon OPC treatment, marked reduction in the lipid content, activation of proteases with concomitant increase in the mRNA levels of collagen Type I and Type III as similar to atorvastatin treatment were observed .Thus, OPC supplementation may contribute to the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque instability by acting as a natural crosslinker of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankar Jamuna
- Affyclone Laboratories Pvt Ltd., 600044, Chrompet, Chennai, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, 600025, Chennai, India
| | - Rathinavel Ashokkumar
- Affyclone Laboratories Pvt Ltd., 600044, Chrompet, Chennai, India
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy campus, 600025, Chennai, India
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Liu B, Fang L, Mo P, Chen C, Ji Y, Pang L, Chen H, Deng Y, Ou W, Liu SM. Apoe-knockout induces strong vascular oxidative stress and significant changes in the gene expression profile related to the pathways implicated in redox, inflammation, and endothelial function. Cell Signal 2023; 108:110696. [PMID: 37409402 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) was recognized as a key regulator of lipid metabolism, which prompted the Apoe-knockout (Apoe-/-) mouse to be the most widely used atherosclerotic model. However, with more and more important physiological roles of APOE being revealed, it is necessary to reacquaint its comprehensive function in the aorta. In this study, we aimed to reveal how Apoe-knockout impacts the gene pathways and phenotypes in the aorta of mice. We performed transcriptome sequencing to acquire the gene expression profile (GEP) for C57BL/6J and Apoe-/- mouse aorta, and used enrichment analysis to reveal the signal pathways enriched for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In addition, we used immunofluorescence and ELISA to detect the phenotypic differences of vascular tissues and plasma in the two-group mice. Apoe-knockout resulted in significant changes in the expression of 538 genes, among which about 75% were up-regulated and 134 genes were altered more than twice. In addition to the lipid metabolism pathways, DEGs were also mainly enriched in the pathways implicated in endothelial cell proliferation, migration of epithelial cells, immune regulatory, and redox. GSEA shows that the up-regulated genes are mainly enriched in 'immune regulation pathways' and 'signal regulation' pathways, while the down-regulated genes are enriched in lipid metabolism pathways, 'regulation_of_nitric_oxide_synthase_activity' and the pathways involved in redox homeostasis, including 'monooxygenase regulation', 'peroxisomes' and 'oxygen binding'. A significant increase of reactive oxygen species and a remarkable reduction of GSH/GSSG ratio were respectively observed in the vascular tissues and plasma of Apoe-/- mice. In addition, endothelin-1 significantly increased in the vascular tissue and the plasma of Apoe-/- mice. Taken together, our results suggest that besides functioning in lipid metabolism, APOE may be an important signal regulator that mediates the expression of the genes related to the pathways involved in redox, inflammation, and endothelial function. Apoe-knockout-induced strong vascular oxidative stress is also the key factor contributing to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benrong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Pei Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Changnong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yang Ji
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Lihua Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Huanzhen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Yichao Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Wenchao Ou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
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Wang B, Zhao P, Zhang P, Hu J, Liu Y, Xie M, He Y. 3D-printed tortuous vessels with Photodissociable and morphology-controllable ink. J Biomater Appl 2023:8853282231183984. [PMID: 37485893 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231183984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a high mortality cerebrovascular disease associated with vessel curvature. However, the relevant mechanism remains unclear due to a lack of appropriate tortuous vascular models to investigate and validate. This study explores the combination of projection-based 3D bioprinting (PBP) with photo-stimulus-responsive techniques to fabricate a sodium alginate (SA)/acrylamide (AAM) hydrogel vascular scaffold capable of bending deformation. The coordination of Fe3+ ions with carboxylate groups in the alginate chains of the vascular scaffold acts as a molecular switch, which can be dissociated through photoreduction to enable the deformation response. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results verified the deformation principle. By subjecting the scaffold to UV light exposure, Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ in spatially selected regions, resulting in the release of strain and subsequent deformation. Furthermore, it also controlled the degree and direction of curvature of the vessels. The cell seeding experiment verified that the vascular scaffold showed excellent biocompatibility. Overall, our approach could be used to generate an in vitro model of curved vascular pathology to investigate the pathogenesis and provide new directions for the diagnosis and treatment of vascular diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biling Wang
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhao
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yande Liu
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingjun Xie
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Center, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong He
- School of Mechatronics & Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang, China
- Engineering for Life Group (EFL), Suzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Bashore AC, Yan H, Xue C, Zhu LY, Kim E, Mawson T, Coronel J, Chung A, Ho S, Ross LS, Kissner M, Passegué E, Bauer RC, Maegdefessel L, Li M, Reilly MP. High-Dimensional Single-Cell Multimodal Landscape of Human Carotid Atherosclerosis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.07.13.23292633. [PMID: 37502836 PMCID: PMC10370238 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.13.23292633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic plaques are complex tissues composed of a heterogeneous mixture of cells. However, we have limited understanding of the comprehensive transcriptional and phenotypical landscape of the cells within these lesions. Methods To characterize the landscape of human carotid atherosclerosis in greater detail, we combined cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing (CITE-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to classify all cell types within lesions (n=21; 13 symptomatic) to achieve a comprehensive multimodal understanding of the cellular identities of atherosclerosis and their association with clinical pathophysiology. Results We identified 25 distinct cell populations each having a unique multi-omic signature, including macrophages, T cells, NK cells, mast cells, B cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Within the macrophage populations, we identified 2 proinflammatory subsets that were enriched in IL1B or C1Q expression, 2 distinct TREM2 positive foam cell subsets, one of which also expressed inflammatory genes, as well as subpopulations displaying a proliferative gene expression signature and one expressing SMC-specific genes and upregulation of fibrotic pathways. An in-depth characterization uncovered several subsets of SMCs and fibroblasts, including a SMC-derived foam cell. We localized this foamy SMC to the deep intima of coronary atherosclerotic lesions. Using CITE-seq data, we also developed the first flow cytometry panel, using cell surface proteins CD29, CD142, and CD90, to isolate SMC-derived cells from lesions. Last, we found that the proportion of efferocytotic macrophages, classically activated endothelial cells, contractile and modulated SMC-derived cell types were reduced, and inflammatory SMCs were enriched in plaques of clinically symptomatic vs. asymptomatic patients. Conclusions Our multimodal atlas of cell populations within atherosclerosis provides novel insights into the diversity, phenotype, location, isolation, and clinical relevance of the unique cellular composition of human carotid atherosclerosis. This facilitates both the mapping of cardiovascular disease susceptibility loci to specific cell types as well as the identification of novel molecular and cellular therapeutic targets for treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Bashore
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Hanying Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Chenyi Xue
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Lucie Y Zhu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Eunyoung Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Thomas Mawson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Johana Coronel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Allen Chung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Sebastian Ho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Leila S Ross
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Michael Kissner
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York
| | - Emmanuelle Passegué
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York
| | - Robert C Bauer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance
- Karolinksa Institute, Department of Medicine
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Muredach P Reilly
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York
- Irving Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
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45
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Lee WE, Genetzakis E, Figtree GA. Novel Strategies in the Early Detection and Treatment of Endothelial Cell-Specific Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Coronary Artery Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1359. [PMID: 37507899 PMCID: PMC10376062 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although elevated cholesterol and other recognised cardiovascular risk factors are important in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart attack, the susceptibility of humans to this fatal process is distinct from other animals. Mitochondrial dysfunction of cells in the arterial wall, particularly the endothelium, has been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of CAD. In this manuscript, we review the established evidence and mechanisms in detail and explore the potential opportunities arising from analysing mitochondrial function in patient-derived cells such as endothelial colony-forming cells easily cultured from venous blood. We discuss how emerging technology and knowledge may allow us to measure mitochondrial dysfunction as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and risk management. We also discuss the "pros and cons" of animal models of atherosclerosis, and how patient-derived cell models may provide opportunities to develop novel therapies relevant for humans. Finally, we review several targets that potentially alleviate mitochondrial dysfunction working both via direct and indirect mechanisms and evaluate the effect of several classes of compounds in the cardiovascular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqian E. Lee
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (W.E.L.); (E.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Elijah Genetzakis
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (W.E.L.); (E.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Gemma A. Figtree
- Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (W.E.L.); (E.G.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
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Wang C, Meng XC, Huang C, Wang J, Liao YH, Huang Y, Liu R. Association between ambient air pollutants and lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115140. [PMID: 37348216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of the effects of atmospheric pollutants on lipid profiles remain inconsistent and controversial. AIM The study was aimed to investigate the relationship between the exposure to ambient air pollutants and variations in the blood lipid profiles in the population. METHODS A comprehensive search of three different databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library) until December 17, 2022, yielded 17 origional studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria for a meta-analysis. Aggregate effect measures and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the relevant ambient air pollutants were deduced employing random effects models. RESULTS The collective meta-analysis indicated that long-term exposure to PM1, PM2.5, PM10 and CO showed a substantial correlation with TC (PM1: β = 2.04, 95%CI = 0.15-3.94; PM2.5: β = 1.11, 95%CI = 0.39-1.84; PM10: β = 1.70, 95%CI = 0.67-2.73; CO: β = 0.08, 95%CI = 0.06-0.10), PM10 exhibited a significant association with TG (β = 0. 537,95% CI = 0.09-0.97), whereas HDL-C demonstrated notable relationships with PM1, PM10, SO2 and CO (PM1: β = -2.38, 95%CI = -4.00 to -2.76; PM10: β = -0.77, 95%CI = -1.33 to -0.21; SO2: β = -0.91, 95%CI = -1.73 to -0.10; CO: β = -0.03, 95%CI = -0.05 to 0.00). PM2.5, PM10 also showed significant associations with LDL-C (PM2.5: β = 1.44 95%CI = 0.48-2.40; PM10: β = 1.62 95%CI = 0.90-2.34). Subgroup analysis revealed significant or stronger correlations predominantly in cohort study designs, with higher male comparisons, and in regions exhibiting elevated contaminant levels. CONCLUSION In summary, the analysis substantiates that ambient air pollutants can be recognized as potent contributors to alterations in lipid profiles, particularly particulate pollutants which exert more obvious effects on lipid profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xing-Chen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying-Hao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Srivastava RAK. A Review of Progress on Targeting LDL Receptor-Dependent and -Independent Pathways for the Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia, a Major Risk Factor of ASCVD. Cells 2023; 12:1648. [PMID: 37371118 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the LDL receptor in 1973 by Brown and Goldstein as a causative protein in hypercholesterolemia, tremendous amounts of effort have gone into finding ways to manage high LDL cholesterol in familial hypercholesterolemic (HoFH and HeFH) individuals with loss-of-function mutations in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene. Statins proved to be the first blockbuster drug, helping both HoFH and HeFH individuals by inhibiting the cholesterol synthesis pathway rate-limiting enzyme HMG-CoA reductase and inducing the LDL receptor. However, statins could not achieve the therapeutic goal of LDL. Other therapies targeting LDLR include PCSK9, which lowers LDLR by promoting LDLR degradation. Inducible degrader of LDLR (IDOL) also controls the LDLR protein, but an IDOL-based therapy is yet to be developed. Among the LDLR-independent pathways, such as angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3), apolipoprotein (apo) B, apoC-III and CETP, only ANGPTL3 offers the advantage of treating both HoFH and HeFH patients and showing relatively better preclinical and clinical efficacy in animal models and hypercholesterolemic individuals, respectively. While loss-of-LDLR-function mutations have been known for decades, gain-of-LDLR-function mutations have recently been identified in some individuals. The new information on gain of LDLR function, together with CRISPR-Cas9 genome/base editing technology to target LDLR and ANGPTL3, offers promise to HoFH and HeFH individuals who are at a higher risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rai Ajit K Srivastava
- Integrated Pharma Solutions LLC, Boston, MA 02101-02117, USA
- College of Professional Studies, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02101-02117, USA
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48
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Gautam J, Kumari D, Aggarwal H, Gupta SK, Kasarla SS, Sarkar S, Priya MRK, Kamboj P, Kumar Y, Dikshit M. Characterization of lipid signatures in the plasma and insulin-sensitive tissues of the C57BL/6J mice fed on obesogenic diets. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023:159348. [PMID: 37285928 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity mouse models are widely utilized to investigate the underlying mechanisms of dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as well as for screening potential drug compounds. However, there is limited knowledge regarding specific signature lipids that accurately reflect dietary disorders. In this study, we aimed to identify key lipid signatures using LC/MS-based untargeted lipidomics in the plasma, liver, adipose tissue (AT), and skeletal muscle tissues (SKM) of male C57BL/6J mice that were fed chow, LFD, or obesogenic diets (HFD, HFHF, and HFCD) for a duration of 20 weeks. Furthermore, we conducted a comprehensive lipid analysis to assess similarities and differences with human lipid profiles. The mice fed obesogenic diets exhibited weight gain, glucose intolerance, elevated BMI, glucose and insulin levels, and a fatty liver, resembling characteristics of T2DM and obesity in humans. In total, we identified approximately 368 lipids in plasma, 433 in the liver, 493 in AT, and 624 in SKM. Glycerolipids displayed distinct patterns across the tissues, differing from human findings. However, changes in sphingolipids, phospholipids, and the expression of inflammatory and fibrotic genes showed similarities to reported human findings. Significantly modulated pathways in the obesogenic diet-fed groups included ceramide de novo synthesis, sphingolipid remodeling, and the carboxylesterase pathway, while lipoprotein-mediated pathways were minimally affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Gautam
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepika Kumari
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Hobby Aggarwal
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sonu Kumar Gupta
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Siva Swapna Kasarla
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Soumalya Sarkar
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - M R Kamla Priya
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Parul Kamboj
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Yashwant Kumar
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Madhu Dikshit
- Non-communicable Disease Centre, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute (THSTI), NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
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49
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Nehme J, Altulea A, Gheorghe T, Demaria M. The effects of macronutrients metabolism on cellular and organismal aging. Biomed J 2023; 46:100585. [PMID: 36801257 PMCID: PMC10209809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence supports the notion that metabolic pathways are major regulators of organismal aging, and that metabolic perturbations can extend health- and lifespan. For this reason, dietary interventions and compounds perturbing metabolism are currently explored as anti-aging strategies. A common target for metabolic interventions delaying aging is cellular senescence, a state of stable growth arrest that is accompanied by various structural and functional changes including the activation of a pro-inflammatory secretome. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular and cellular events associated with carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, and define how macronutrients can regulate induction or prevention of cellular senescence. We discuss how various dietary interventions can achieve prevention of disease and extension of healthy longevity by partially modulating senescence-associated phenotypes. We also emphasize the importance of developing personalized nutritional interventions that take into account the current health and age status of the individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil Nehme
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Abdullah Altulea
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Teodora Gheorghe
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- University of Groningen, European Research Institute for the Biology of Aging (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, Netherlands.
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50
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Wang J, Venugopal J, Silaghi P, Su EJ, Guo C, Lawrence DA, Eitzman DT. Beta1-receptor blockade attenuates atherosclerosis progression following traumatic brain injury in apolipoprotein E deficient mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285499. [PMID: 37235594 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with cardiovascular mortality in humans. Enhanced sympathetic activity following TBI may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis. The effect of beta1-adrenergic receptor blockade on atherosclerosis progression induced by TBI was studied in apolipoprotein E deficient mice. Mice were treated with metoprolol or vehicle following TBI or sham operation. Mice treated with metoprolol experienced a reduced heart rate with no difference in blood pressure. Six weeks following TBI, mice were sacrificed for analysis of atherosclerosis. Total surface area and lesion thickness, analyzed at the level of the aortic valve, was found to be increased in mice receiving TBI with vehicle treatment but this effect was ameliorated in TBI mice receiving metoprolol. No effect of metoprolol on atherosclerosis was observed in mice receiving only sham operation. In conclusion, accelerated atherosclerosis following TBI is reduced with beta-adrenergic receptor antagonism. Beta blockers may be useful to reduce vascular risk associated with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Jessica Venugopal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Paul Silaghi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Enming J Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Chiao Guo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Daniel T Eitzman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
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